scripts/describe_ground.py

"""Turn correct-by-construction IES graphs into training pairs.
1. Normalise each graph's instance IRIs to clean sequential data:iN (learnable targets).
2. Emit a deterministic (description -> turtle) pair for every graph.
3. For a fraction, add a local-Qwen paraphrase of the description (linguistic diversity).
All turtle is re-validated after normalisation. Runs under .venv311."""
import sys, json, pathlib, argparse, urllib.request, re
sys.path.insert(0, str(pathlib.Path(__file__).parent))
from rdflib import Graph, URIRef, Namespace
from iesval import validate_turtle

ROOT = pathlib.Path("/Users/fabio/projects/qwen-ies-ft")
TESTDATA = "http://data.gov.uk/testdata#"
DATA = Namespace(TESTDATA)
IES = Namespace("http://ies.data.gov.uk/ontology/ies4#")
ISO = Namespace("http://iso.org/iso8601#")
URL = "http://localhost:8080/v1/chat/completions"
MODEL = "mlx-community/Qwen3.6-35B-A3B-8bit"
SYS = ("You are an expert in the UK Government Information Exchange Standard (IES4), "
       "a 4D RDF ontology. You explain IES concepts precisely and write valid IES4 "
       "RDF/Turtle using only real IES4 terms.")

def _slug(v):
    s = re.sub(r"[^0-9A-Za-z]+", "_", v.strip().lower()).strip("_")
    return s[:40] or "x"

def normalise(ttl: str) -> str:
    """Rename instance IRIs to human-plausible slugs: named entities get name-based IRIs
    (data:fred_smith), unnamed nodes get type-based ones (data:boundingstate_1)."""
    g = Graph(); g.parse(data=ttl, format="turtle")
    from rdflib import RDF
    HASNAME = IES["hasName"]; REPVAL = IES["representationValue"]
    inst = sorted({str(n) for t in g for n in t
                   if isinstance(n, URIRef) and str(n).startswith(TESTDATA)})
    # collect name values per entity
    names = {}
    for s, _, o in g.triples((None, HASNAME, None)):
        v = g.value(o, REPVAL)
        if v: names.setdefault(str(s), []).append(str(v))
    remap = {}; used = {}
    def assign(u, base):
        n = used.get(base, 0) + 1; used[base] = n
        remap[URIRef(u)] = DATA[base if n == 1 else f"{base}_{n}"]
    for u in inst:
        if u in names:
            assign(u, _slug("_".join(sorted(names[u])[:2])))
    for u in inst:
        if URIRef(u) in remap: continue
        t = g.value(URIRef(u), RDF.type)
        base = _slug(str(t).split("#")[-1]) if t else "node"
        # name nodes get tied to their value where possible
        v = g.value(URIRef(u), REPVAL)
        if v and "name" in base: base = _slug(str(v)) + "_name"
        elif v: base = base + "_" + _slug(str(v))[:20]
        assign(u, base)
    ng = Graph()
    ng.bind("data", DATA); ng.bind("ies", IES); ng.bind("iso8601", ISO)
    for s, p, o in g:
        ng.add((remap.get(s, s), remap.get(p, p), remap.get(o, o)))
    return ng.serialize(format="turtle")

ALT_NS = ["http://example.org/case#", "http://ops.example.com/data#",
          "http://records.example.gov.uk/inv#", "http://intel.example.net/kg#"]

def vary_namespace(ttl, desc, i):
    """For ~35% of records swap the instance namespace and instruct the model to use it —
    teaches namespace-following instead of hardcoding testdata."""
    if i % 20 >= 7: return ttl, desc, None
    ns = ALT_NS[i % len(ALT_NS)]
    return ttl.replace(TESTDATA, ns), desc, ns

_CAPWORD = re.compile(r"\b[A-Z][a-z]+\b")
def paraphrase_ok(facts, para):
    """Every proper noun and every year in the facts must survive the paraphrase."""
    need = set(_CAPWORD.findall(facts)) | set(re.findall(r"\b(?:19|20)\d\d\b", facts))
    have = para  # substring check is enough
    return all(w in have for w in need)

def user_turn(desc, ns=None):
    ns_line = (f" Use <{ns}> as the namespace for instance IRIs." if ns else "")
    return ("Encode the following scenario as IES4 RDF/Turtle. Use only real IES4 terms and "
            f"the 4D state/period pattern where relevant.{ns_line} Output only Turtle.\n\n"
            f"Scenario: {desc}")

def rec(desc, ttl, ns=None):
    return {"messages":[{"role":"system","content":SYS},
                        {"role":"user","content":user_turn(desc, ns)},
                        {"role":"assistant","content":ttl.strip()}]}

def qwen(prompt, max_tokens=200, temperature=0.8):
    body=json.dumps({"model":MODEL,"messages":[{"role":"user","content":prompt}],
        "max_tokens":max_tokens,"temperature":temperature,
        "chat_template_kwargs":{"enable_thinking":False}}).encode()
    req=urllib.request.Request(URL, body, {"Content-Type":"application/json"})
    with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=180) as r:
        return json.loads(r.read())["choices"][0]["message"].get("content","").strip()

def main():
    ap=argparse.ArgumentParser(); ap.add_argument("--frac", type=float, default=0.6)
    args=ap.parse_args()
    rows=[json.loads(l) for l in (ROOT/"data"/"ground.jsonl").open()]
    log=(ROOT/"data"/"describe.log").open("w")
    # --- pass 1: normalise + write ALL deterministic pairs (fast, no LLM) ---
    norm=[]; det=0; bad=0; varied=0
    with (ROOT/"data"/"pairs_ies.jsonl").open("w") as out:
        for i,r in enumerate(rows):
            try: ttl=normalise(r["turtle"])
            except Exception: bad+=1; continue
            if not validate_turtle(ttl,5)[0]: bad+=1; continue
            vttl, desc, ns = vary_namespace(ttl, r["facts"], i)
            if ns: varied+=1
            out.write(json.dumps(rec(desc, vttl, ns))+"\n"); det+=1
            norm.append((r["facts"], vttl, ns))
    log.write(f"pass1 deterministic={det} bad={bad} ns-varied={varied}\n"); log.flush()
    print(f"pass1: {det} deterministic pairs written (bad={bad}, ns-varied={varied})")
    # --- pass 2: append Qwen paraphrases for diversity (interruptible) ---
    para=0; rejected=0
    with (ROOT/"data"/"pairs_ies.jsonl").open("a") as out:
        for i,(facts,ttl,ns) in enumerate(norm):
            if (i % 1000)/1000.0 >= args.frac: continue
            try:
                p=qwen("Rewrite this factual statement as a natural, plainly-worded sentence or two "
                       "for a case file. Keep every fact identical; keep all names and years exactly "
                       "as written; do not add or remove facts; do not mention RDF or ontologies. "
                       f"Output only the rewrite.\n\n{facts}")
                p=p.strip().strip('"')
                if 15 < len(p) < 400 and p.lower()!=facts.lower() and paraphrase_ok(facts, p):
                    out.write(json.dumps(rec(p, ttl, ns))+"\n"); out.flush(); para+=1
                else:
                    rejected+=1
            except Exception as e:
                log.write(f"{i} qwen err {e}\n")
            if i%25==0: log.write(f"pass2 {i}/{len(norm)} para={para} rej={rejected}\n"); log.flush()
    print(f"IES pairs: deterministic={det} paraphrased={para} (rejected {rejected}) total={det+para}")

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()