We reviewed the LO scheme in the current and the on-going upgraded receiver bands in ALMA system. Except Band-1, the fundamental frequency of the existing local oscillators in the ALMA receivers ranges from 12.4 to 25.8 GHz followed by various type of frequency multiplier. The frequency of these signals will overlap the new IF frequency range in the ALMA WSU (4- 16, 4-20 GHz etc.). Therefore, spurious signal may enter in the new IF range due to the leakage. To investigate the phenomena, leakage power level at the IF output and the power ratio of the harmonics after frequency multiplication are measured in a W-band system. As expected, the “leakage” power level is proportional to the relative power ratio of the 5th/7th harmonic to 6th signal. It is thus recommended to choose the LO starting frequency as high as possible (> highest IF frequency + baseband bandwidth). Impact of LO Leakage in the New IF Frequency Range of the ALMA Wideband Sensitivity Upgrade Chau-Ching Chiong, Chen Chien, Teddy Huang, Yuh-Jing Hwang Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, Taiwan LO Leakage in ALMA System Except Band-1, ALMA LO signal is generated by frequency multiplication from low frequency YTO (YIG-tuned oscillator) at ~ 12 to 18 GHz via various schemes. It starts from 12 GHz to avoid overlap with the IF frequency range. However, for some observation, as in the case of Band-6, when the LO starting frequency is close to the IF, as reported in Spurious Responses from IF Signals above 12 GHz (Napier 2010), LO2 will still down-converts significant LO “leakage” signal to the IF output because the roll-off response in the IF spectrum is not sharp enough. LO2 mixes LO signal at USB with sky signal at LSB (Napier 2010) Band-6 LO “leakage” at IF output (Napier 2010, in AIV-2057) Origin of the “Leakage” Signal However, the frequency multiplier is not ideal. At the output of the multiplier, not only the signal at the desired frequency (x6 or x3) but also the unwanted harmonics are generated. Band 6 LO scheme (From Saini et al. 2021). Filters are placed after frequency multipliers to suppress unwanted harmonics . Start freq. 13 GHz Output after x6 (GHz) Output after x3 (GHz) x1 x2 x3 13, 26, 39 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x4 52 104 156 208 260 312 x5 65 130 195 260 325 390 x6 78 156 234 312 390 468 x7 91 182 273 364 455 546 x8 104 208 312 416 520 624 x9 117 234 351 468 585 702 x10 130 260 390 520 650 780 These harmonics will also reach the mixer with various power levels. The “leakage” signal will be generated by mixer via mixing nearby harmonics. In this Band-6 x18 scheme, x1 signal can be generated by (x14-x15-x16), (x20-x21) etc. Bandpass filter YTO GHz 13 x7 GHz 91 x6 78 x5 65 x8 104 … WR10 cutoff 52 x4 GHz x18 234 x20 260 … WR3.4 cutoff 208 x16 … 195 x15 182 x14 156 x12 … x6 x3 x21 273 Harmonics in Band 6 LO generation. Numbers with strikethrough represent cutoff by waveguide (WR-10 and WR4.3). The mixer output spectrum is dominated by the LO leakages. We found a close relation between the leakage signal power and the 7th / 6th power ratio, which is thought to be the dominant scheme to generate 1st signal at IF output (left figure). Besides fundamental tone, other harmonics (x2, x3…) can also be found at the mixer IF output port (right figure). (x2, x3, x4) signal shows different slopes when plotting with the x6/(x7, x8, x9) suppression ratio, respectively. This implies multiple mixing schemes other than x6 are involved. Proposed Band 4+5 LO Scheme The starting frequency of the Band 4+5 in LO chain is 24-32 GHz (> IFhigh (18 or 20 GHz in WSU) + baseband bandwidth). The harmonic suppression in the frequency multiplier has to be strictly controlled. Bandpass filter does help, but cannot suppress all harmonics due to wide tuning range in WSU. Balanced frequency multiplier is the solution for achieving high harmonic suppression. Verification by x6 W-band Frequency Multiplier A commercial x6 W-band frequency multiplier by OML (S10MS-AG) is used to in


AI Ethics • Recommended preparation included RS co-lead’s top recommended readings, podcasts, and films. • Topics: Environment, dis/misinformation, labor (invisibilized and/or displaced), bias, privacy Agenda Jamboard AI, Art, and Copyright • Lowest attendance, but we had a good discussion on fair use, copyright, and copyright infringement. Agenda Jamboard Campus Activities During the first half of 2023, many groups on campus were addressing ChatGPT and AI/ML (more generally) in different ways. The campus has an active AI/ML and data science research community on one hand, while many disciplines which have academic writing assignments were grappling with ChatGPT. In October 2023, the library started receiving requests to participate in AI literacy and teaching activities discussions which more widely support the campus Overview What are librarians to do when widely and publicly accessible chatbots burst onto the academic scene with promises of easy no-work essays (but produce sophomoric writing), a research assistant that will destroy libraries (but can’t quote citations), and the end of tedious repetitive tasks (but really have been used to try to replace artists and other creative work)? Start a discussion group. Of course. This is a “how we did it” poster. The Co-Leads Kat is in the Library’s Research Services (RS) Department. She has a science background, and earned a MS in Data Science in 2017, although involvement in data science realm was keeping track of conversations on AI/ML ethics and bias issues to help inform consultations and interactions with campus researchers and the RDM community. Carrie is in the Library’s Teaching and Learning (T&L) Department. Her focus is info lit instruction and student engagement. Carrie has a Humanities background with an MS in Art History. She has zero background in computer science or AI. She represents the newcomer perspective with an eye to making AI accessible to others who share her background and perspective. ChatGPT the Early Days Internal Library Discussion Group While RS co-lead tested ChatGPT bias in December 2022, the significance related to instruction started with a comment from a University Writing Program (UWP) instructor late December: “[This essay assignment submission was so weird. They didn’t even correctly identify the characters in the book.]” This resulted in early conversations with UWP instructors on LLMs, extensive testing of ChatGPT, and librarian contributions to “The Challenges of ChatGPT in a Composition Classroom” an internal document shared with writing program lecturers Feb 2023. Separately, T&L started internal discussions on ChatGPT in Jan 2023: • Addressing faculty concerns around cheating and plagiarism. • Whose responsibility it was to support faculty in navigating AI. • Looking at what was being done on other campuses/libraries. In preparation for the discussion group, the co-leads had planning discussions to identify our goals, the format, possible topics. Overall, we wanted a place to have shared learning and a discussion on how AI/ML is impacting academic libraries, and higher education in general. QR codes link to our suggested preparation, discussion questions, slide decks, jamboards, and feedback, where appropriate. Call for Participation • Initial discussion was well attended with staff from most departments in the library. Covered goals, logistics, and general concerns. • Plus/Delta feedback was very positive. Agenda Jamboard Chatbots + ChatGPT • Presentation on chatbots + open discussion • Brief history of Chatbots and NLM • How LLMs function in layperson’s terms • Monetization, bias, and ethics Slide deck AI in Instruction • Included resources to prepare for discussion • Incorporating AI Literacy in instruction • ChatGPT session transcript review Agenda Jamboard Campus Action: Generative AI Guidelines • Focuses on data security and privacy. While UCR data is secure under Google Cloud Platform agreement, it isn’t always clear which Google


THE ROLE OF THE LIMK1 GENE ON SHORT-TERM MEMORY FORMATION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER Zalomaeva E.S.1,2, Falina V.S.2, Nikitina E.A.1,2, Zhuravlev A.V.1, Savvateeva‐Popova E.V.1 1Pavlov Institute of Physiology Russian academy of sciences 2The Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia Nowadays one of the topical problem of neuro‐ biology is the research of the etiology and progres‐ sion of different neurodegenerative diseases. One of the causes of neurodegenerative diseases is dis‐ turbance of actin remodeling cascade whose key enzyme is LIMK1. Drosophila constitutes a conven‐ ient model for studying the link between genome organization and chromosome architecture ob‐ served in cognitive disorders. The revealed associa‐ tion between limk1 gene's mutational damage, changes in its expression and activity as well as cog‐ nitive impairment allows to use current model for the study of neurodegenerative and genomic dis‐ eases. INTRODUCTION Drosophila melanogaster—the most convenient model object ♦Molecular‐genetic studies of the human genome have emphasized the evolutionary conservation of homologous genes from different organisms. ♦limk1 gene D. melanogaster has 71% homology with the limk1 gene H. sapiens ♦Drosophila is especially advantageous for testing gene interactions and allows the usage of several mutant or transgenic models at a time. ♦Drosophila mutations in such genes help to under‐ stand the putative function of a newly isolated hu‐ man disease gene. ♦D. melanogaster have short life span (Figure 1) ♦Low maintenance costs ♦No legislative limitations brought about by “animal defending laws” The main purpose: to analyze the formation and dynamics of short‐term memory in D. melanogaster stocks with limk1 gene polymorphism: Canton‐S, Berlin and Oregon‐R Figure 3. Individual courtship elements Figure 1. Drosophila life cycle Canton‐S stock has a single‐nucleotide polymorphism C/T (+12 bp) in the binding site of the M1 transcription factor. Berlin stock characterized by disturbances in primer binding in intron 2 and near introns 3 and 4. Also this stock has single‐ nucleotide polymorphisms in the N‐terminal part of the gene (including the M1 binding site and the 1st part of intron 1), some of which correspond to Canton‐S stock polymorphisms. Oregon‐R stock hasn’t fragment between primers are limited the region with both LIM‐domains and part of the PDZ‐domain. Also this stock has multiple polymorphisms in the 1st intron: ♦ A/T‐rich insert 28 bp; ♦ deletions of 8 bp and 9 bp ♦ Change the CAA/AGС Conditioned courtship suppression paradigm was used to asses learning ability and short‐term memory formation. 1. A 5‐day‐old virgin male was put in a special box with a fertil‐ ized female Canton‐S and was left for 30 minutes (Figure 2). 2. Courtship behavior was analyzed in naive males and in males in 0, 15, 30 and 60 minutes after training to assess the forma‐ tion and dynamics of short‐term memory. The behavior of the male was recorded in a special program for 300 seconds. We re‐ corded the start time of individual courtship elements (Figure 3) and the execution time of non‐courtship elements (activity, prining, rest). 3. We calculated the learning index (LI) to assess the effective‐ ness of training. Randomization test was used to statistical analysis. Figure 2. Special box for training and testing RESULTS Thus, Canton‐S and Berlin stocks capable of formation short‐term memory and to preserve it, while Oregon‐R incapable of learning and formation short‐term memory. Polymorphisms in the limk1 gene apparently contribute to changes in the content and ratio of LIMK1 isoforms in the analyzed stocks, that influence in processes of learning and formation short‐term memory. Figure 4. Learning index (LI) Canton‐S, Berlin and Oregon‐R stocks * LI significantly differents from zero, p<0,05 ▲ LI significantly differents from Canton‐S ■ LI significantly differents from Berlin MATERIALS AND METHODS 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 min 15 min 3


Visibiliser et ouvrir ses publications SNSF OA Check : découvrir son taux d’OA et comment l’améliorer Archive ouverte UNIGE : partager ses publications, sous forme de manuscrit accepté si la version publiée ne peut être diffusée Trouver des contenus en Open Access Obtenir la prise en charge des éventuels frais Vérifier la compatibilité OA de ses revues préférées Le couteau suisse de l’OA Tous les outils à portée de main Archive ouverte UNIGE : pour les contenus UNIGE Unpaywall : plugin de navigateur web, cherchant dans toutes les archives ouvertes DOAB : répertoire de livres 100% Open Access DOAJ : répertoire de revues 100% Open Access 1. Passer par l’outil de votre organisme de financement : ex. ChronosHub (articles FNS) ou mySNF (livres FNS) 2. Page accords UNIGE avec les éditeurs : vérifier si un accord existe et suivre la procédure décrite 3. Fonds d’aide à la publication UNIGE : demander un soutien financier si les conditions sont remplies Sherpa Romeo : politiques des revues vis-à-vis de la voie verte DOAJ : répertoire de revues 100% Open Access Cabells : liste des revues à éviter, en raison de pratiques prédatrices Outils spécifiques à des financeurs : ChronosHub (FNS) Journal Checker Tool (cOAlition S) BIBLIOTHÈQUE openaccess@unige.ch Floriane Muller, pour la Bibliothèque de l’UNIGE, 2023 Ce document est sous licence Creative Commons Attribution - Partage dans les mêmes conditions 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10034324


A Machine Learning Inspired Method Reveals the Mass of K2-167 b Zoe L. de Beurs1,2, Andrew Vanderburg1,2, Christopher J. Shallue3, Joseph E. Rodriguez4, Sebastian Zieba5,10, Annelies Mortier6,7, Lars Buchhave8, Luca Malavolta9, HARPS-N Telescope Collaboration Discovering earth-mass exoplanets orbiting bright nearby stars requires precise radial velocity (RV) observations. Currently, we are limited by spurious RV signals introduced by the host star in the form of stellar activity (i.e. faculae, starspots). These stellar signals can mimic or hide exoplanet signals. Inspired by our successful implementation of a neural network stellar activity mitigation method on solar data (de Beurs et al. 2020), we designed a simplified machine learning (ML) method that can be applied to extrasolar stars. As a proof-of-concept, we tested this method on one star: K2-167. K2-167 was first found to host a transiting super-Earth by the K2 mission (Vanderburg et al. 2016b; Mayo et al. 2018). Recently, the planetary signal was re-detected by TESS (Ikwut-Ukwa et al. 2020). K2-167 is an ideal test case for our method. It is the brightest star observed by K2 that hosts a validated planet, and it is a relatively active, yet slowly rotating F7. HARPS-N began observing K2-167 in late 2015, but stellar activity has prevented a confident detection of the planet’s RV signal, even with the aid of state-of-the-art methods like GP regression. Our strategy is to use a simplified ML method to identify and interpret the subtle changes to stellar spectra that are caused by stellar activity. Background Data K2 – K2-167 was observed during K2 Campaign 3 from 2014 November 17 to 2015 January 23. After extraction, the lightcurves were reprocessed by using the methods described in Vanderburg & Johnson (2014) and Vanderburg et al. (2016a). TESS – K2-167 was observed by Camera 1 during TESS Sector 2 from 2018 Aug22 to Sept 20. The lightcurves were generated using NASA’s SPOC pipeline. HARPS-N – HARPS-N is a vacuum-enclosed cross-dispersed echelle spectrograph designed to achieve high-precision RVs (Cosentino et al. 2012). We collected 76 precise RV observations of K2-167 between Aug 2015 and Oct 2016. CCF Input Representation – For our ML model, we have to pre- process our data products into a uniform format such that the model becomes sensitive to shape changes due to stellar activity, not translational shifts caused by Keplerian shifts. We describe this input representation in detail in de Beurs et al. 2020. Results o We find that our simplified approach to stellar activity corrections yields a significant improvement in both the RV scatter (by a factor of ~ 2) and the precision with which we recover the mass of the transiting planet (improving a 2.3σ significance detection into a 4.0σ significance detection; Figure 3). Our MCMC fit found that the mass of 6.12!".$% &".%" 𝑀', the orbital period and phase of the detection agrees with the known 9.97857 day period from transit observations Future Directions o In the future, these or similar techniques could be widely applied to solar-type (FGK) stars, help measure masses of planets from TESS to fulfill the level 1 science requirement, and eventually help detect habitable-zone Earth-mass exoplanets. o We plan to further validate our method with HARPS-N Rocky Planet Targets and young planets orbiting young active stars Acknowledgments We thank the Office of Undergraduate Research, TIDES Advanced Research Fellowship, Dean’s Scholars, and the Junior Fellows Honors Program for their generous support. References Dumusque et al. 2014; de Beurs et al. 2020; Haywood PhD Thesis 2015; Vanderburg & Johnson 2014; Vanderburg et al. 2016a. Vanderburg et al. 2016b; Mayo et al. 2018; Shallue & Vanderburg, AJ 155, 94, 2018; Cosentino et al. 2012; Ikwut-Ukwa et al. 2020; Akeson et al. 2013 zdebeurs@mit.edu Figure 4: Periodogram: HARPS-N Raw (a) and Corrected (b) RVs in Fourier space. The peaks in the top panel that correspond to stellar activ


Young migrants from North Africa. What do we know? A scoping review to explore their health status and access to health services. Eva P. Rocillo Arechaga1,2, Barbara Broers1,3, Catherine Chamay Weber4, Lloyd Orphée Rigumye1, Melanie Pinon1,5, Yves-Laurent Jackson1,3 1) Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland; 2) Institute of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; 3) Department of Community Health and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; 4) Adolescent Health Unit, Division of General Paediatrics, Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Geneva, Switzerland; 5) University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, School of Health Sciences (HES-SO), Geneva, Switzerland. In the last decades, adolescents and young adult migrants from North Africa (NA) arrived in Europe in large numbers1. Field observations reported features not previously described in other similar groups including high mobility across borders, precarious living conditions, use of psychotropic substances and high-risk behaviours such as prostitution and illegal activities2,3. Existing health literature on this population seems to be limited and fragmented. INTRODUCTION To better understand NA adolescents and young adult migrants’ health status, access and use of healthcare. LANGUAGE • English, French, Spanish CONTEXT • Studies conducted in European region (WHO) CONCEPT • Health status • Health services • Accessibility to health services • Use of health services POPULATION • Migrants from NA countries • First generation migrant • Any legal condition • From 10 to 24 years old • Any gender STUDIES • Peer-reviewed articles • Non-indexed reports • From 1990 to 2022 INCLUSION CRITERIA References 1United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, ”International Migrant Stock 2020,” United Nations (UN). Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA), 2020. 2Trajectoires, ”Recherche-action sur la situation des mineurs non accompagnes marocains,” Trajectoires, Squats et Bidonvilles, 2018 3G. Pfau, G. Flye-Sainte-Marie och C. Pequart, Tendances recentes et nouvelles drogues, Paris: Observatoire Francais des Drogues et des Toxicomanies, 2019 4H. Arksey och L. O´Malley, ”Scoping studies: towards a methodological framework,” International Journal of Social Research Methodology, vol. 8, nr 1, pp. 19-32, 2005. 5The Joanna Briggs Institute, ”Joanna Briggs Institute reviewers´ manual: 2015 edition / supplement,” The Joanna Brigs Institute, 2015. STUDIES Most studies (n=9) were published between 2015 and 2021. All studies were observational, 9 were cross-sectional and 3 were case reports. Seven studies included NA migrants only. POPULATION The overall number of persons included was 1374, most of them being from Morocco (1150). Nine studies included only males and 11 focused on unaccompanied minors. For most studies (n=10) age range varied between 12 and 18 years old CONCEPT Five studies explore aspects related to general health, with dental caries, iron deficiency and dermatological issues reported as the most prevalent disorders. Six studies provide information on infectious diseases. Mental health and substance use was also explored in 5 studies, benzodiazepines and cannabis being the most often reported substances. Only 3 studies covered service provision all emphasizing the importance of transcultural approach. CONTEXT Studies were conducted in Spain (n=7), France (n=4) and Germany (n=2). Acknowledgement CONCLUSIONS DISCUSSION RESULTS Did you ever work with such migrants? We are looking for experts. Please get in touch with us at Eva.RocilloArechaga@hug.ch METHODS We conducted a scoping review following Arksey and O´Malley process and recommendations by Joanna Briggs Institute and based on the Population-Concept- Context (PCC) framework4,5. We searched the followin


Authors: Karun Gaur, Kinjal Dawda, Silke Oeschger-Delautre The intersection of health and sustainability – an Indian pharma perspective Introduction Climate change is a public health emergency, impacting the world’s most vulnerable populations due to global health inequities. The World Health Organization estimates that nearly 14 million people die each year from environmental health risks. The pharmaceutical industry plays a vital role in providing good health for people, yet also impacts the planet's health. According to the World Economic Forum, healthcare is responsible for 4.4% of global emissions, more per dollar of revenue than the automotive sector, and its CO2 footprint will triple by 2050 if left unchecked. Here we look at a case study of one of the largest Indian pharma companies to make medicines more sustainable from manufacturing to the journey it takes to the patient. Methodology The methodology assesses the environmental, social, and governance risks associated with the company’s operations and supply chain, including the impact of the company’s products and services for its patients, and its activities on the environment, such as biodiversity, carbon emissions, waste generation, and water usage. Results and Discussions Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories has always focused on science and sustainable business practices, making significant progress on its ESG agenda - setting goals on reaching 1.5 billion patients by 2030, innovating to improve the standard of treatment with three new solutions each year, and becoming carbon-neutral by 2030. This is reflected in several initiatives to enable equitable access to patients in low- and middle-income countries (see pie chart below), strengthen health systems, and ensure digital health inclusion. The company turned water-positive in 2023, using renewable energy, energy-efficient technologies, and sustainable transportation (air-to-sea shipments) to lower its carbon emissions (see graphic below, which shows the progress in one year). Dr. Reddy’s has also implemented a sustainable API manufacturing and development process focused on reducing waste, conserving water, and minimizing the use of hazardous chemicals. The impact of the direct operations of a company can be significant. However, there are also limitations. For example, sourcing adequately recyclable primary packaging is still challenging, as it directly impacts patient safety. Companies must also address the environmental impact across their entire value chain, build public-private partner- ships, and work with partners and peers to strengthen health systems. The pharma industry can’t address these factors alone; all health stakeholders must collaborate to find patient-centric solutions supported by sustainable policies and legislation. Conclusion The example shows that the global pharma industry has made progress in continuously enhancing sustainability in its operations. ESG assessments can help standardize efforts, identify areas of improvement, and align with stakeholder expectations on risk management and long-term sustainability. On the other hand, providing safe and high-quality medicines for patients will always come with the challenge of finding a balance, and the responsible use and disposal of medicines plays a vital role in minimizing their impact. Partnerships across the value chain and the collaboration of health stakeholders can help find patient-centric solutions while making ESG an integral part of business. www.drreddys.com, Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories SA, Elisabethenanlage 11, 4051 Basel, Switzerland Contact: karung@drreddys.com, silkeo@drreddys.com PATIENTS REACHED (IN MILLIONS) Low-and-middle income countries Rural India Others 534’418 1’149’510 3’960’586 2’890’503 FY 2021-2022 FY 2022-2023 ENERGY CONSUMPTION (IN GIGAJOULES) Renewable sources Non renewable sources 302’466 214’257 166’247 137’627 FY 2021-2022 FY 2022-2023 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS (METRIC TONNES OF CO2 EQUIVALENT) Scope 1 Scope 2 Integrat


Very recently, a spectroscopic determination of the Boltzmann constant, kB, has been performed at the Second University of Naples by means of a rather sophisticated implementation of Doppler Broadening Thermometry (DBT) [1]. Performed on a 18O-enriched water sample, at a wavelength of 1.39 μm, the experiment has provided a value for kB with a combined uncertainty of 24 parts over 106, which is the best result obtained so far, by using an optical method. In the spectral analysis procedure, the partially correlated speed-dependent hard-collision (pC-SDHC) model was adopted. The uncertainty budget has clearly revealed that the major contributions come from the statistical uncertainty (type A) and from the uncertainty associated to the line-shape model (type B) [2]. In the present work, we present the first results of a theoretical and numerical work aimed at reducing these uncertainty components. It is well known that molecular line shapes exhibit clear deviations from the time honoured Voigt profile. Even in the case of a well isolated spectral line, under the influence of binary collisions, in the Doppler regime, the shape can be quite complicated by the joint occurrence of velocity-change collisions and speed-dependent effects. The partially correlated speed-dependent Keilson-Storer profile (pC-SDKS) has been recently proposed as a very realistic model, capable of reproducing very accurately the absorption spectra for self-colliding water molecules, in the near infrared [3]. Unfortunately, the model is so complex that it cannot be implemented into a fitting routine for the analysis of experimental spectra. Therefore, we have developed a MATLAB code to simulate a variety of H2 18O spectra in thermodynamic conditions identical to the one of our DBT experiment, using the pC-SDKS model. The numerical calculations to determine such a profile have a very large computational cost, resulting from a very sophisticated iterative procedure. Hence, the numerically simulated spectra (with the addition of random noise) have been used to test the validity of simplified line shape models, such as the speed-dependent Galatry (SDG) profile and pC-SDHC model. In particular, we have used the global fitting procedure that is described in Ref.[4]. Such a procedure is very effective in reducing the uncertainty resulting from statistical correlation among free parameters. Therefore, the analysis of large amounts of simulated spectra has allowed us to study the influence of the choice of the model and quantify the achievable precision and accuracy levels, at the present value of the signal-to-noise ratio. -1500 -1000 -500 0 500 1000 1500 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Transmitted signal (V) Frequency detuning (MHz) P (Torr) 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 Useful References [1] L. Moretti, A. Castrillo, E. Fasci, M.D. De Vizia, G. Casa, G. Galzerano, A. Merlone, P. Laporta, and L. Gianfrani, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 060803 (2013) [2] A. Castrillo, L. Moretti, E. Fasci, M. D. De Vizia, G. Casa, and L. Gianfrani, J. Mol. Spectrosc. 300, 131 (2014); [3] N. H. Ngo, H. Tran and R. R. Gamache, J. Chemical Physics 136, 154310 (2012); [4] P. Amodio, L. Moretti, A. Castrillo and L. Gianfrani, J. Chemical Physics 140, 044310 (2014). [5] N. H. Ngo, H. Tran, and R. R. Gamache, J. Chemical Physics 136, 154310 (2012) Limits Hard collision model (Nelkin-Ghatak profile) ) v( f ') v v( A α MB KS       0 Soft collision model (Galatry profile) ') v,v δ( ') v v( A α KS        1              2 2 3 2 1 1 α 'v α v f ) α ( ') v v( A MB / KS     1 0   The multispectrum fitting procedure has been expressly designed and developed to analyze simultaneously a number of absorption spectra across a given pressure range, under the MATLAB environment, by means of a non-linear least-squares method. All the simulated spectra were fitted to the function here below:          0 1 0 ω ω I A exp ω a a ω P             M 1 j j j j


Impact of spatial scale in cortical thickness networks is not significant in discriminating Alzheimer’s and Autism from controls *Pradeep Reddy Raamana1, Stephen C. Strother1,3 and for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 1 Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences; 3Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. *Corresponding author: praamana@research.baycrest.org 1 Introduction •Development of automatic imaging biomarkers predictive of future cognitive decline is necessary for the early detection of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). •There has been great progress in the past few decades in this direction due to the advent of large multi-site datasets like ADNI that are publicly available. •However, owing to the nature of large variability in disease presentation and overlap among different diseases in the early stages, the specificity and sensitivity of the imaging biomarkers is still unsatisfactory. •In order to improve the accuracy of the base imaging biomarkers, network-level feature extraction is gaining popularity as the method of choice [1]. •Here, we present •one such approach whose potential has been demonstrated in ADNI dataset in discriminating AD from Healthy Controls (CN) [2], and •a detailed study of its methodology to evaluate its robustness and understand the impact of the key choices [3] under 2 levels of separability. •Results from replication analysis on a subset of Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE) dataset. 2 Method and Results •Given high potential for the development of accurate early detection methods and its wide-accessibility structural, T1 MRIs, thickness-based networks deserve a systematic study to understand •the impact of the choice of edge metric that defines connectivity (such as correlation [4], similarity [2], dissimilarity [5]) •the impact of the choice of cortical parcellation (patch-wise delineation vs region-growing vs functional ROI segregation) and its scale (size and number of ROIs) affect the network properties and their predictive performance? See Fig. 1. •We perform this study using the data from ADNI and ABIDE datasets (demographics in Tables 1 and 2) under 3 levels of separability. •Due to the variable sizes of ROIs, as shown in Fig. 2, approaches [2,4,5] rely on summary statistics to compute edge weights and do not utilize the rich description of thickness features. •By discretizing the thickness distribution in each patch, we enable a histogram- based framework to compute edge weights from the entire distribution from a given patch, instead of basing them on summary statistics such as mean or meadians. •We present and study 6 different methods of edge computation based on histogram distances as listed in Table 2, including two baseline methods. •The predictive power of these 6 methods are studies at 6 different spatial scales (nodal sizes) of the cortical parcellation as noted in Table 2, using the cross-validation procedure published in [3,2]. •The distributions of AUC for different combinations of edge definitions and scales are shown in Fig. 3. References: 1. Evans, A. C. (2013). Networks of anatomical covariance. NeuroImage, 80, 489–504. 2. Raamana, P. R., Weiner, M. W., Wang, L., Beg, M. F. (2015). Neurobiology of Aging, 36 Suppl 1, S91–S102. 3. Raamana, P. R., Strother, S. C., (2016). International Workshop on Pattern Recognition in Neuroimaging (PRNI), Trento, pp. 1-4. 4. He, Y., Chen, Z. J., & Evans, A. C. (2007), Cerebral Cortex, 17(10), 2407–2419. 5. Tijms, B. M., Seriès, P., Willshaw, D. J., & Lawrie, S. M. (2012). Cerebral Cortex, 22(7), 1530–1541. Funding: This research has been sponsored by Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR), Ontario Brain Institute (OBI) and Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative (ONDRI). Type of base distribution Type of Edge Metric Acronym Definition Summarized Similarity (diff. in medians) MD exp(similarity) EMD raw distribution Wil


Structure of a Be binary Structure of a Be binary B-type, non-supergiant stars that have the highest rotation rates amongst non- degenerate objects. They are non-radial pulsators and undergo episodes of mass ejection which lead to the formation of a decretion disk around the star. The disk is viscous and very sismilar to accretion disks, except that it builds from inside out. Observationally, Be stars are known for their emission lines in Hydrogen (Hα in particular), linear polarisation, and IR excess. i n n e r B e d i s k spiral dominated disk bridge circumsecondary region circumsecondary region circumbinary region Tightly wound one armed structure Matter that escapes from behind the Be disk (away from the companion), meets up with the main arm Radio emission? A flow of matter is flung out of the system after it has been focused by the companion Characterized by: Observationally: Decretion and Accretion Decretion and Accretion in be star binary systems in be star binary systems Amanda C. Rubio, Alex C. Carciofi, J. E. Bjorkman Universidade de São Paulo; ESO Be stars Be stars Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is a mathematical technique created to describe the dynamics of fluids in a discrete fashion, using particles. As Be disks are gaseous and dustless, mostly controlled by viscosity, SPH can describe them well. In our code, we have implemented particle splitting, which allows us to explore less dense regions of the disk [1, 2, 3]. Our goal is to characterise Be stars in binary systems. The presence of the companion tidally affects the Be disk in many ways, leading to profound changes in its structure. We ran a grid of SPH models for binary Be stars with different periods and different values for the viscosity of the disk, α. SPH simulations SPH simulations Inner disk Circular orbits of the particles Azimuthal symmetry Accumulation of matter in the inner disk Larger scale height (puffier disk) More emission in lines that are formed closer to the star, such as He Stronger V band magnitude This region is the closest to the central Be star, and the most oblivious to the presence of the companion, as it is dominated by the gravity field of the primary and strong viscous torque. Characterized by: But it is not the same as an isolated Be disk! Observationally, the consequences would be: The formation of Be stars is still not understood. How do they obtain their fast rotation rates? Currently, the most favoured scenario is that they are a product of binary star evolution: the future Be star gains mass and angular momentum from a donor star that evolves faster. The fact that many Be stars are found in systems with evolved objects (such as sub- dwarfs and neutron stars [4, 5]) is an indicator that this is a viable route. Why do we care about Why do we care about binary Be stars? binary Be stars? Fig. 1: Snapshot of one of our SPH simulations. The two back dots represent the Be star and the companion, while the colours represent the density of the gas around them. The 5 regions we could discern in our work are marked. Conclusion Conclusion spiral dominated disk Elliptic orbits of the particles Two armed density waves that travel through the disk Deviations from the VDD in velocities and scale height V/R variations in Hα The companion makes itself known by messing up the disk as it affects it tidally Characterized by: Observationally: Fig. 2: Snapshot of one of our SPH simulations. The back dot represent the Be star, while the colours represent the radial velocity of the gas around them. The density arms are the regions marked by the highest velocities. Fig. 3: Example of Hα profiles of a real Be binary (pi Aqr). The strength of the violet and red peaks (V/R) changes depending on the movement of the density waves in the disk. circumsecondary region Density depends strongly on viscosity and period Radial velocities have similar amplitudes, but azimuthal velocities are much larger for lower viscosities Part of the matter is accreted


UWS Research Festival 20th – 24th June 2022 #UWSResearchMatters #UWSResearchFestival22 Examining the Communication Process of the Interpreters that Affects the Attitudes and Behaviours of Heritage Visitors


Pictures adapted from Biorender.com. PROJECT OUTLINE STABILITY AND DEGRADATION TESTS RECOVERY AND QUANTIFICATION OF SPIKED MNPs Fluorescent polystyrene (FPS) MNPs were recovered after digestion and filtration with Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy (CFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). No changes in morphology were observed. PLACENTAL TISSUE DIGESTION PROTOCOLS Spiked placental tissue was homogenized and enzymatically digested, followed by filtration over 700 nm glass fiber filters. Cleaner filter better digestion. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under AURORA grant agreement No 964827. LEARN MORE AND FOLLOW OUR PROGRESS QUESTIONS? COMMENTS? AuroraResearch.eu/newsletter Learn more about AURORA, the team mem- Do you have questions about AURORA? bers, and our latest research progress. Visit Want to engage with us or inquire about our website, follow our social media channels, an opportunity to collaborate? Then send and subscribe to our newsletter: us an email or get in touch directly with a responsible team member! AuroraResearch.eu info@AuroraResearch.eu @AuroraProjectEU AuroraResearch.eu/about/team linkedin.com/company/AuroraResearch NEWS Sample Pre-processing Protocols for the (Spectro-)Microscopic Analysis of Micro- & Nanoplastics (MNPs) in Maternal and Fetal Tissues Laura M. Zoutendijk1, Laurens D. B. Mandemaker1, Zenzi Matla1, Lisa Zimmermann2, Lonneke van Dalen1, Bert M. Weckhuysen1, Florian Meirer1 1: Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science and Institute for Sustainable and Circular Chemistry, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands 2: Food Packaging Forum, Staffelstrasse 10, CH-8045 Zurich, Switzerland Morphology Chemical composition Surface chemistry State of degradation Quantity Cultured spiked placenta cells • Optimize digestion • Ensure MNP stability Spiked placenta tissue • Optimize digestion and filtration • Find back MNPs • Determine recovery rate Non-spiked (environmental) placenta tissue • Detect MNPs • Determine MNP location • Analyze MNP degradation within body 200 nm FPS in water, 95 °C, 30 min. No agglomeration 200 nm FPS in 30% H2O2 No agglomeration 200 nm FPS in water, 95 °C, 2 hours Agglomeration occurs 200 nm FPS in pancreatin in TRIS-HCl No agglomeration Solution of badly digested tissue Homogenized placenta in buffer CFM image of 1 µm FPS (a) and SEM image of 200 nm FPS (b) recovered after digestion and filtration. CFM image of 0.5 μL droplet of 500 nm FPS in water (c) with color adjustments. Non-adjusted image is in right bottom corner. CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK Fluo-PS stable in used digestive agents. Digestion protocol made for placental tissue. Fluo-PS in spiked digested tissue analyzed with CFM. • Calculate recovery rate of Fluo-PS in spiked digested tissue. • Adapt protocol to blood, amniotic fluid, urine, etc. • Towards analysis of non-spiked samples Placenta as received Solution of well digested tissue Glass fiber filter, well digested tissue Glass fiber filter, badly digested tissue Laura Zoutendijk l.m.zoutendijk@uu.nl 500 nm • To quantify the total number of recovered particles, the number of particles in a whole droplet can be counted. • Counting grids are used to stitch multiple microscopy images together. • The number of counted particles can then be compared to the number of particles theoretically present in the droplet: Recovery rate = Number of particles found back during analysis Theoretical number of spiked particles * 100% c b a


aPhyloGeo-Covid: A Web Interface for Reproducible Phylogeographic Analysis SARS-CoV-2 Variation using Neo4j and Snakemake Wanlin Li and Nadia Tahiri. Department of Computer Science, Université de Sherbrooke, Canada ABSTRACT DATA INTEGRATION GitHub Link https://github.com/tahiri- lab/iPhyloGeo/tree/iPhylooGeo-neo4j Tahiri Lab website https://tahirinadia.github.io/ WORKFLOW Acknowledgements RESULTS CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES Brister, J. Rodney, et al. (2015). NCBI viral genomes resource. Nucleic acids research, 43.D1, D571- D577. Mathieu, E. et al. (2021). A global database of COVID-19 vaccinations. Nature human behaviour, 5.7: 947-953. O‘Toole, Á. et al. (2021). Tracking the international spread of SARS-CoV-2 lineages B. 1.1. 7 and B. 1.351/501Y-V2 with grinch. Wellcome Open Research, 6 (2021). Tahiri (2012). Un nouvel algorithme pour retrouver les relations phylogénétiques entre la distribution géographique des espèces et leurs compositions génétiques. Ø This research developed an interactive analysis platform that facilitate efficient filtering and organization of input data for phylogeographical studies of SARS-CoV-2. Ø The Neo4j database was integrated as a comprehensive repository, consolidating COVID-19 pandemic-related sequence information, climate data, and demographic data obtained from public databases. Ø Additionally, the platform provides a scalable and reproducible phylogeographic workflow for investigating the intricate relationship between geographic features and the patterns of variation in diverse SARS-CoV-2 variants. Ø Database currently contains 113,774 nodes and 194,381 relationships. Ø The code is freely available to researchers and collaborators on GitHub. Neo4j Data Modeling facilitate • storage, • management • querying of extensive SARS-CoV-2 variants-related data. Neo4j Data Analytics ensure the repeatability and comparability of phylogeographic analysis results. Ø The sliding window region with the lower RF distance was exclusively identified in the integrated analysis. Ø Within the regions identified with lower RF distance, a special attention should be given to regions with positions between 792 to 940 residue. • The platform streamlines the extraction, validation, and integration of genetic and environmental data, overcoming the limitations of manual tools. • aPhyloGeo-Covid workflow utilizes a sliding window approach to identify region-specific subparts of viral genetic sequences affected by environmental conditions. • The application of Snakemake workflow management ensures that the phylogeografic analysis can be replicated, validated, and used as a reliable basis for further research or analysis. • The platform facilitates the sharing of research results, encourages collaboration and promotes the exploitation of previous work. Ø Putative horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events were detected in the window regions spanning residues 792-940 of the amino acid sequences of 14 SARS-CoV-2 variants. Source Figure 1: Schema of Neo4j Database for Phylogeographic Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Variation Figure 2: The networks of a single analysis experiment Figure 3: Integrated analysis of genetic data and environmental data Figure 4: Snakemake workflow of the algorithm based on the new pipeline aPhyloGeo Figure 5: Robinson and Foulds topological distance normalized changes over the alignment windows Figure 6: Putative horizontal gene transfer events found for the window regions of 792-940 residue (amino acid sequences) of 14 SARS-Cov-2 variants • Multiple sequences are aligned and segmented into numerous alignment windows • Robinson and Foulds (RF) metric was employed to quantify the dissimilarity between o the phylogenetic tree of each window and o the topological tree of geographic features. Ø Tuning of window size and step size are required to optimize the analysis. Ø Reproducibility played a critical role in this process. • The network highlights all entities serving as input data sources and their relationships. •


CSSI Frameworks: Performance Engineering Scientific Applications with MVAPICH and TAU using Emerging Communication Primitives PI: Dhabaleswar K. (DK) Panda (OSU), Co-PIs: Sameer Shende (UO), Ahmad Abdelfattah (UTK), Yifeng Cui (SDSC) Institutions: The Ohio State University (OSU), University of Oregon (UO), University of Tennessee (UTK), San Diego Supercomputer Center (SDSC) 1. Load-aware designs for MPI asynchronous communication 2. Cross runtime coordination for MPI+X applications 3. Partitioned point-to-point primitives for efficient communication 4. Application-aware neighborhood collective communication 5. Support for adaptive persistent collective communication 6. Coordinated communication kernels on GPUs 7. On-the-fly compression for accelerating scientific applications Proposed Framework Proposed Innovations Motivation & Research Challenges NSF CSSI PI Meeting, Charlotte, NC, August 12-13, 2024 Award #: OAC-2311830 1. Designing and Optimizing GPU-aware Nonblocking MPI Neighborhood Collective Communication for PETSc, K. Khorassani, C. Chen, H. Subramoni, and DK Panda, 37th IEEE International Parallel & Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS '23), May 2023 2. Accelerating MPI AllReduce Communication with Efficient GPU-Based Compression Schemes on Modern GPU Clusters, Q. Zhou, B. Ramesh, A. Shafi, M. Abduljabbar, H. Subramoni, D. K. Panda, ISC High Performance (ISC '24), May 2024 3. MPI performance engineering with the MPI tool interface: The integration of MVAPICH and TAU, Srinivasan Ramesh, Aurèle Mahéo, Sameer Shende, Allen D. Malony, Hari Subramoni, Amit Ruhela, Dhabaleswar K. (DK) Panda, Parallel Computing, 2018 4. Lossy all-to-all exchange for accelerating parallel 3-D FFTs on hybrid architectures with GPUs, S. Cayrols, J. Li, G. Bosilca, S. Tomov, A. Ayala and J. Dongarra, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing (CLUSTER), 2022 5. Using open-science workflow tools to produce SCEC CyberShake physics-based probabilistic seismic hazard models, Callaghan S, Maechling PJ, Silva F, Su M-H, Milner KR, Graves RW, Olsen KB, Cui Y, Vahi K, Kottke A, Goulet CA, Deelman E, Jordan TH and Ben-Zion Y,. Front. High Perform. Comput. 2:1360720, 2024 6. Accelerating Large Language Model Training with Hybrid GPU- based Compression, L. Xu, Q. Anthony, Q. Zhou, N. Alnaasan, R. Gulhane, A. Shafi, H. Subramoni, D. Panda, IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud, and Internet Computing 2024, May 2024. Research Publications The proposed project seeks to co-design and integrate two powerful tools – MVAPICH and TAU – to demonstrate the new possibilities for performance-guided control and optimization for two large scale applications — AWP-ODC and heFFTe. 1. What are the challenges in achieving cross-runtime coordination and performance engineering for HPC applications? 2. Is it possible to leverage newer features available in modern GPU computing, the MPI 4.0 standard, and high- performance networking hardware to deliver better performance for HPC applications through efficient performance engineering? 3. Can MVAPICH and TAU co-design be leveraged in heFFTe and AWP-ODC to determine the reasons and guide resolutions for current strong scalability limitations in these applications? 4. How to reduce MPI communication costs for memory- bound heFFTe and AWP-ODC through new MPI features and integration with application-specific designs, mixed- precision algorithms, and real-time data compression? Supported by: OAC-2311830, OAC-2311831, OAC-2311832, OAC-2311833 Future Work Software Release, Community Engagement and Metrics MVAPICH (Initial Results) HeFFTe (Initial Results) TAU (Initial Results) AWP-ODC (Initial Results) Proposed integrated MPI profiling and performance engineering framework for MVAPICH and TAU, aiding HPC applications (AWP-ODC and heFFTe) Strong scalability on 3D FFTs of size 10243, using 24 MPI processes (1 MPI per Power9 core) per node (blue), and 24 MPI processes (4 MPI per GPU-V100) per node (red) Use T


ENOLOGICAL AND NUTRACEUTICAL POTENTIAL OF SOME GRAPE VARIETIES TOLERANT TO DOWNY MILDEW AND POWDERY MILDEW Fabiola De Marchi, Mirko De Rosso, Massimo Gardiman, Luigi Sansone,Annarita Panighel, Riccardo Flamini Council for Agricultural Research and Economics – Research Center for Viticulture & Enology, Viale XXVIII aprile, 26 – 31015 Conegliano (TV), Italy Macrowine 2021 Virtual Verona, June 23-30 2021 Conclusions Study of oenological potential of grapes coupled to evaluation of the experimental wines produced in 2019 and 2020 showed that these varieties have a high potential to produce both still and sparkling wines suitable to match the consumers’ satisfaction. Cabernet Cortis has a secondary metabolites profile which makes this variety suitable to produce wood-aged wines with floral notes. Souvignier gris is characterized by the presence of a- terpineol (floral aroma) and of interesting stilbenes which confer nutraceutical properties to the wines. Johanniter, characterized by high levels of geraniol, has a high aptitude to produce aromatic sparkling wines. Semi-aromatic character of Bronner makes this variety interesting for producing fresh and fruity still white wines. Spreading of these resistant varieties can promote the development of eco-sustainable viticulture at medium-high altitudes, such as Belluno Prealps and low Dolomites, an area which is of increasing interest in the context of the ongoing climate changes. Introduction Since 2012 the Veneto Region regulations allow the cultivation of twenty hybrid grapevine varieties tolerant to downy and powdery mildew, the main fungal diseases affecting grapevines. These varieties are characterized by high vigor and grape productivity, require a reduced pesticide use, and are suitable to develop sustainable viticulture in mountain areas located at medium altitudes (400-800 m a.s.l.), such as Veneto higher foothills and lower areas of Dolomites (North-East of Italy). The main aim of project VINIRES (started in 2018) is to evaluate the enological potential of four resistant vine varieties and their aptitude to produce high-quality wines: three white grape cultivars (Souvignier gris, Johanniter, Bronner), and the red grape cv Cabernet Cortis. The metabolomics study performed using high-resolution mass spectrometry techniques (UHPLC/QTOF) provided the complete profiles of the metabolites which determine the enological potential of the varieties. They include polyphenolic compounds belonging to the chemical classes of anthocyanins (natural colorants), flavonols, flavanols and procyanidins (antioxidant and astringent compounds), trans-resveratrol and stilbenes (nutraceutical compounds), and aroma glycoside precursors responsible for fruity/floral and floral/spicy notes of wines. Experimental Samples. Ripe grapes of varieties Cabernet Cortis, Bronner, Souvignier gris, and Johanniter were collected in 2019 and 2020 from vineyards located in Belluno province (Italy). Grape berries were randomly collected from different vines and immediately frozen at -20 °C until sample preparation for analysis. Sample preparation. Twenty berries were weighed and homogenized using liquid nitrogen. The resulting powder was added of pure methanol by a ratio of 1:2 w/v and 200 µL of internal standard 4,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone of 520 mg/L solution (Sigma-Aldrich, Milan, Italy). Extraction was carried out at room temperature for 20 min. The extract was centrifuged at 4200 rpm for 12 min at 18 °C and filtered by a 0.22 µm GHP Acrodisc filter (Pall) by collecting the solution in a vial for analysis. For each sample, two replicate analyses were performed. UHPLC/QTOF analysis. Extracts were studied by using an Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) Agilent 1290 Infinity system coupled to Agilent 1290 Infinity Autosampler (G4226A) and Agilent 6540 accurate-mass Quadrupole-Time of Flight (Q-TOF) Mass Spectrometer (nominal resolution 40.000) equipped with Dual Agilent Jet Stream Ionization source (Ag


AstroSat observations of long-duration X-ray superflares on active M-dwarf binary EQ Peg Subhajeet Karmakar1, Sachindra Naik1, Jeewan C. Pandey2, and Igor S. Savanov3 (1) Physical Research Laboratory, Navrangapura, Ahmedabad 380009, India (2) Aryabhatta Research Institute of observational Sciences (ARIES), Manora Peak, Nainital 263002, India (3) Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Pyatniskaya 48, Moscow 119017, Russia We present a comprehensive study of three large long-duration flares detected on an active M-dwarf binary EQ Peg using Soft X-Ray Telescope of the AstroSat observatory. The peak X-ray luminosities of the flares in the 0.3 -- 7 keV band are found to be within ~4-10 × 1030 erg s-1. Spectral analysis indicates the presence of three temperature corona with the first two plasma temperatures remain constant during all the flares and the post-flare. The flare-temperature peaked at 56, 40, and 31 MK, which are 2.5, 1.8, and 1.4 times more than the minimum value, respectively. The peak emission measures are found to be 1.16 -- 5.64 × 1053 cm-3, whereas the abundances peaked at 0.7 -- 1.2 times the solar abundances. Using quasi-static loop modeling, we derive loop-lengths for all the flares as 2.7 ± 1.4 × 1011, 3.9 ± 1.5 × 1011, and 6.4 ± 2.4 × 1011 cm, respectively. The estimated energies of all three flares are >1033-35 erg, putting them in a category of Superflare. All three superflares are also found to be the longest duration flares ever observed on EQ Peg. Contact: subhajeet09@gmail.com CoolStars-20.5 -- virtually cool -- 2-4 March 2021


Figure 1. The average daily PM10 and NO2 concentration in Stuttgart December 2004 (www.stadtllima-stuttgart.de). Red bars: days > 50μg/ m3 Black line: velocity of wind Orange bars: days < 50μg/m3 Blue line: NO2 concentration Blue bar: weekend, public holiday Green Walls for Clean Air Katrin Gölsdorf, Hans Müller Helix Pflanzen GmbH Marcus J. Collier School of Geography, Planning & Environmental Policy, University College Dublin, Ireland Introduction Air quality influences health and well being and pollutants like fine dust particles have the greatest impact on health. Their noxious effects are dependent on the particle size and the substance of content. Fine dust with a smaller diameter than 10µm can be transported to the bronchi and bronchioles. But more dangerous are particles less than 2,5µm. They directly enter the bloodstream through the alveolus. Studies from the WHO (Ostro, 2004) show that fine dust contaminated air reduces life expectancy by about 10 months. In Germany, measurements have been taken on fine dust since the 80’s, and recently there have been attempts to improve German air quality using new action plans and providing incentives to fight air pollution. Nevertheless, threshold values for fine dust have been exceeded, especially in congested urban areas. 20% of all measuring stations in Germany exceeded the maximum allowed daily threshold value for fine dust on more than 35 days per year with more than 50μg of fine dust (PM10) per cubic meter of air [μg/m3] averaged across the day. Stuttgart is one of the regions with the highest fine dust concentrations in Germany (figure 1). REFERENCES Ostro B. (2004) Outdoor Air Pollution: assessing the environmental burden of disease at national and local levels. Geneva, World Health Organisation. WHO Environmental Burden of Disease Series, No.5. Ottelé, M., van Bohemen, H. D. and Fraaij, A. L. A. (2010) Quantifying the deposition of particulate matter on climber vegetation on living walls. Ecological Engineering, 36 (2), 154-162. Pugh, T.A.M., MacKenzie, A.R., Whyatt, J.D. and Hewitt, C.N> (2012) Effectiveness of green infrastructure for improvement of air quality in urban street canyons/ Environmental Science & Technology, 46 (14), 7692–7699. Reznik, G. and Schmidt, E. (2009) Reduction of emissions by vegetation – dry collection and wet resuspension of fine dust particles on ivy. GRdL 69 (10), 434 – 438. www.gefahrstoffe.de/gest (in German). Can plants help to improve the air quality? People have often complained about Ivy on buildings, but research by Helix Pflanzen GmbH, a company that is specialised in the cultivation of ivy species and the development of green wall technology, is shedding new light on an old problem. Using a cultivated variety of ivy (Hedera helix ‘Wörner’), experiments were carried out that illustrated the binding effect that this Ivy has on fine dust particles. This is particularly important in urban areas, where fine dust can lead to significant impacts on quality of life. Results In 2008 Helix-Pflanzen GmbH collaborated with the University of Wuppertal to investigate fine dust capture by ivy (Hedera helix ‘Wörner’). The cleansing efficiency of this variety of plant was described by the fraction that could be removed by washing under active overhead irrigation as a function of surfaces, dimensions and mass. From the measuring results it was shown that Hedera helix ‘Wörner’ contributes to the particulate matter separation. This is characterised by a rain-induced leaf cleaning. Hedera helix ‘Wörner’ can significantly collect fine dust on its leaf surface. Particles < 5μm were deposited during low water flow velocity. If there is enough rain water and drop energy, particles > 5μm will be washed off the leaf surface (Reznik & Schmidt, 2009), shown in figure 2. Conclusion While Ottlé et al. (2010) show that ivy can capture many polluting compounds, while also mitigating the effects of the urban heat island, the air ‘cleaning’ potential of these plants


OBJETIVO R Comparar y predecir la evolución de la materia orgánica del suelo (SOM) en el tiempo y con respecto a la fracción de cobertura del arbolado, a través de un modelo obtenido mediante un análisis de los datos recogidos durante los 12 años que abarca este estudio. INTRODUCCIÓN r La estabilización del carbono del suelo juega un papel clave en el ciclo global del carbono. CONCLUSIONES R La proporción de materia orgánica en el suelo se ve directamente influenciada por la cobertura del arbolado debido a la ausencia de luz en las capas inferiores del sistema, afectando así a la tasa de mineralización y modificando en consecuencia la composición del sotobosque al agregarse, además, un material acidificante al suelo como son las acículas caídas. Por todo lo anterior, tratamientos culturales como la poda se convierten en recomendables con objeto de facilitar la incorporación de la materia orgánica al suelo. Financiación obtenida por el Programa de Desarrollo e Innovación H2020 a la red temática europea Agroforestry Innovation Network (AFINET, nº727872) y la XUNTA DE GALICIA (Ayudas de Consolidación y Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria ("Programa de axudas á etapa posdoutoral DOG nº122, 29/06/2016 p.27443, exp: ED481B 2016/071-0"). Este trabajo se llevó a cabo por la USC para contribuir a los objetivos de la Global Research Alliance sobre gases de efecto invernadero en la agricultura (www.globalresearchalliance.org). La información mostrada no debe ser considerada como que representa el punto de vista de la Alianza en global o sus representantes.Financiación obtenida por el Programa de Desarrollo e Innovación H2020 a la red temática europea Agroforestry Innovation Network (AFINET, nº727872) y la XUNTA DE GALICIA (Ayudas de Consolidación y Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Ordenación Universitaria ("Programa de axudas á etapa posdoutoral DOG nº122, 29/06/2016 p.27443, exp: ED481B 2016/071-0"). Este trabajo se llevó a cabo por la USC para contribuir a los objetivos de la Global Research Alliance sobre gases de efecto invernadero en la agricultura (www.globalresearchalliance.org). La información mostrada no debe ser considerada como que representa el punto de vista de la Alianza en global o sus representantes. 2 160 320 480 No fertilizado Fert. con lodos 9 tratamientos X 3 réplicas Encalado / no Mineral Lolium perenne L. Dactylis glomerata L. Trifolium repens L. Primavera y otoño 1998-2012 ANOVA y LSD test Pinus radiata D. Don 1667 árboles ha -1 Interacción entre la materia orgánica y la cubierta arbórea en sistemas silvopastorales establecidos en Galicia bajo Pinus radiata D. Don Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Rigueiro, María Rosa Mosquera-Losada, Antonio Rigueiro-Rodríguez, Nuria Ferreiro-Domínguez s Escola Politécnica Superior. USC. Campus de Lugo. Benigno Ledo s/n. 27002, Lugo.


Title Influence of pulse duration on intracellular calcium concentration for sub-10 ns pulses. Authors Lynn Carr1,2 Cristiano Palego2 Delia Arnaud-Cormos1 Philippe Leveque1 Affiliations: 1. Univ. Limoges, CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, F-87000 Limoges, France 2. School of Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, UK. Keywords: Intracellular calcium, nsPEF, glioblastoma Introduction Calcium ions (Ca2+) play a key role in a wide range of cellular processes. Intracellular calcium concentrations [Ca2+]i are known to increase following nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) exposure. To date there is limited information on how nsPEF, with a duration of less than 10 ns, affect calcium levels within cells. This study aims to characterise changes in [Ca2+]i following application of sub-10 ns pulses. Methods Changes in [Ca2+]i were visualised in U-87 MG cells loaded with 0.5 µM FLUO-4, AM. Cells were imaged, in either a standard HBSS solution or a calcium free HBSS solution, by epifluorescence using a Leica DMI6000 microscope with a 63x objective. Using two steel electrodes separated by a gap of 300 µm, with 50 Ω impedance in parallel and an nsPEF generator with 50 Ω output impedance, cells were exposed to a single pulse of 10, 8, 6, 4 or 2 ns duration, with an electric field intensity of 250 kV/cm. Change in fluorescence for each duration was averaged from 5 separate experiments with at least 3 cells per experiment. Results In standard HBSS solution all pulse durations caused immediate increases in [Ca2+]i. The amplitude of the increase was dependent on pulse duration. 2 and 4 ns pulses caused similar maximum fold increases in fluorescence of around 1.3, with fold increases of 2, 4.2 and 5.2 observed for pulses of 6, 8 and 10 ns respectively. The 2 ns pulse reached maximum fluorescence in 71 seconds after pulse application, for the other pulse durations it was reached in around 33 seconds. Within a minute of the pulse, for all durations except 2 ns, fluorescence had started to return towards baseline levels. By the end of the imaging period (2


Poly(vinyl alcohol) molecular bottlebrushes nucleate ice E-mail address: P.Georgiou@warwick.ac.uk 1 Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK @Georgiou_PG @LabGibson 3 Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK 2 Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK warwick.ac.uk/go/panagiotis_georgiou P. G. Georgiou,[1] N. L. H. Kinney,[1] I. Kontopoulou,[1] A. N. Baker,[1] S. A. Hindmarsh,[2] A. Bissoyi,[1] T. R. Congdon,[1] T. F. Whale,*[1] M. I. Gibson*[1],[3] achieved by the “splat assay”, whereby small ice crystals are formed at –80 °C , then allowed to grow at – 8 °C, and their growth measured -78 ?? MOTIVATION Cryopreservation using Antifreeze Glycoprotein (AFGP) mimics Biggs et al., Macromol. Biosci. 2019, 19, 1900082 AFGPs are found in polar fish species and can slow ice crystal growth and therefore improve cryopreservation. Several synthetic and peptidomimetic macromolecules have shown great potential as cryopreservatives. Georgiou et al. Manuscript Submitted, 2022 • When the size of an AFP increases, it can become an ice nucleating protein. • Shown with modelling and experimentally. THIS WORK High-density brushes via “grafting-through”: Bottlebrushes with different side-chain densities were designed via ROMP and RAFT polymerization. Selective hydrolysis of the acetate esters of the poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) side chains of the PVAc bottlebrush precursors resulted on the preparation of PVA bottlebrushes. Low-density brushes via “grafting-to”: Assessment of ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) activity and ice binding Increase in IRI activity compared to linear PVA Bottlebrushes (high and low density) inhibiting below 0.1 mg.mL-1. Assessment of ice nucleation activity +PBS + “Splat assay” Ice shaping (in sucrose solutions): PVA graft copolymers and bottlebrushes lead to more faceting of ice crystals, compared to linear PVA as the large polymers can span multiple crystals No additive Synthetic approach Ø High-density bottlebrushes were observed to nucleate ice at average temperatures as warm as –19.2 °C which is unprecedented for a fully synthetic soluble material. Ø Low-density PVA brushes also favored nucleation in although they nucleated ice at colder temperatures Microliter scale droplet freezing assay ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The most active and widely studied synthetic ice-binding polymer is poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) well-known to effectively block the recrystallization of ice. Molinero et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2019, 141, 18, 7439–7452 active inactive OH n PVA HO O H n PEG Koop et al., J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2019, 10, 5, 966–972


Warszawa Wrocław Szczecin Gdańsk Olsztyn Kraków Poznań Delimitation of species in Lepocinclis ovum complex (Euglenida) Katarzyna Chaber*, Maja Łukomska-Kowalczyk*, Alicja Fells*, Bożena Zakryś* *Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, Biological-Chemical Research Centre, University Of Warsaw Background The aims of the study Materials and methods Results Fig. 3. Consensus Bayesian tree based on 79 nSSU rDNA sequences. (1) significant increase of the number of sequences representing the L. ovum-like taxa on phylogenetic trees; (2) comparative morphological and molecular research on new strains (=isolates); (3) estimation of morphological and genetic diversity and verification of morphological diagnostic features for particular taxa (well-established clades) on a molecular phylogenetic tree; (4) reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships; (5) taxonomic verification, amending diagnoses, and designating epitypes for well-distinguished taxa, particularly for L. ovum and L. globulus. Using environmental sampling and nuclear SSU rDNA sequencing, we delimited species within the group of Lepocinclis ovum-like taxa. Apart from L. ovum and L. globulus, 13 other species were distinguished and four taxa (L. conica comb. nov., L. fominii comb. nov., L. gracilicauda comb. nov., and L. pseudofominii nom. nov.) had their taxonomic ranks changed. For all verified species, diagnostic descriptions were amended and epitypes designated, particularly for L. ovum and L. globulus. Identification of many common species of autotrophic euglenids is still problematic due to unsolved controversies in their taxonomy. Lepocinclis ovum (Ehren.) Lemmermann 1901 and L. globulus Perty 1849 are such problematic species. Although Lepocinclis ovum is recognized as a cosmopolitan and common species, and Lepocinclis globulus is the type species of the genus Lepocinclis, their correct identification is nearly impossible. The reason is that over 30 morphologically similar taxa appear in the literature, but no good diagnostic features exist to distinguish most of them. Fig. 1. a) original Ehrenberg's drawing of L. ovum, b) morphology of L. ovum, c) morphology of L. globulus. a b c The samples were collected during seven vegetation seasons (2012-2018) from 30 eutrophic water bodies in Poland. DNA was obtained from the cells (20-400) isolated with a micropipette. Morphological and molecular features were studied for taxa isolated from the environment and for two strains from algae collections. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted on 54 sequences of nSSU rDNA which were used to calculate maximum likelihood and Bayesian trees. Fig. 2. Map illustrating sampling locations in Poland. This work was supported by the OPUS 2016/23/B/NZ8/00919 grant from the National Science Centre, Poland. Łukomska-Kowalczyk, M., Chaber, K., Fells, A., Milanowski, R. & Zakryś, B. 2019. Molecular and morphological delimitation of species in the group of Lepocinclis ovum-like taxa (Euglenida). J. Phycol. 56:283-99. Zakryś, B., Łukomska-Kowalczyk, M., Chaber, K. Fells, A., 2020. Typification of Lepocinclis ovum (Ehrenberg) Lemmermann (Euglenophyta), a widespread freshwater species. Notulae Algarum No. 144.


Growing in colder climate than seed origin Growing in warmer climate than seed origin Photo Courtesy of Greg O'Neill Climate Adapted Seed Tool (CAST) www.ReforestationTools.org 2050 A Crisis and Opportunity • California forests are not adapted to rapidly changing climate conditions. • With climate-adapted seed transfer we can take proactive steps to adapt forests to climate change. Expected Impacts of Seed Transfer Expected Impacts—if deployed across private land in CA starting in 2021 By 2050 By 2060 Additional CO2 Sequestered [million tonnes/yr] 2.3 4.1 Market Value of Additional CO2 Sequestered [million USD/yr] $77 $138 Additional % of Net 2018 CA GHG Emissions Sequestered [%/yr] .5% 1% Additional Timber Production [million board-ft/yr] 142 256 Climate Adaptation Mismatch Tree populations tend to be genetically adapted to their local historical climate conditions. But the climate is changing fast. Trees are long-lived and can’t disperse as effectively as animals to track their suitable climate. Reforestation is an opportunity to help trees move to reach their ideal climate conditions. Climate Transfer Functions CAST uses climate-transfer functions fit to data from seed-transfer experiments to estimate the relative growth rate (e.g., growth, survival) of each candidate seed source. An evidence-based tool to improve reforestation outcomes. • Trees grow to become resistant to fire more quickly • Greater carbon sequestration • Greater timber production • Forest Health • Reduced mortality • Faster recovery into desired habitat types Seed-Transfer Datasets We’re working to incorporate data from 368,000 trees planted in seed-transfer experiments across western North America into CAST. Forward thinking scientists began establishing these experiments in 1910 and scientists are still working to establish new experiments. However, the bulk of our data currently comes from outside California. Scaling up the number of seed transfer experiments planted in California’s diverse regions will be critical to best adapting our forests to climate change. Greg O'Neill BC Forest Service Jessica Wright US Forest Service Joe Stewart UC Davis Species abco abma acma alru pico pije pimo pien pipo pisi potr psme qulo thpl tshe N. Provenances 14 9 42 47 184 3 145 182 42 30 180 77 95 10 57 N. Sites 5 5 3 2 60 3 7 26 10 9 3 6 2 6 5 N. Trees 9.1k 3.3k 13.8k 4.1k 70.7k 4.6k 22.1k 110k 10k 31.9k 9k 25.3k 7k 4.1k 42.7k Last Meas. Age [field-yrs] 18-26 18-26 10 10 20-35 41 16 10-15 8-80 10-15 3 17- 100 6 15 5-25 Planting Yr(s) 1976- 1979 1976- 1979 2008- 2009 1995 1974 1973 1988 2000- 2005 1910 - 1992 2000 2000- 2007 1915- 1975 2014- 2015 1991 1993- 2005 Spatial Accuracy and Uncertainty Climate is a Moving Target Mean Annual Temperature [°C] Percent Decline in Productivity Due to Climate-Adaptation Mismatch Probability Probability Sung et al 2021 Team PICO, RCP8.5 Ensemble Seed Source Planting Site Jim Thorne UC Davis Steve Ostoja USDA Climate Hub Jessie Godfrey UC Davis Selecting seed for warming climate conditions inherently involves tradeoffs between optimizing for colder conditions in the near term and hotter conditions in the long term. CAST currently defaults to balancing this tradeoff by to optimizing for anticipated climate conditions ≈ 20 yrs. in the future. It also includes options for optimizing over longer or shorter time horizons. Ryan Boynton UC Davis % Decline in Productivity Without CAST CAST allows users to input precise spatial information and is also backwards compatible with California’s legacy system of seed zones and elevation bands. Because of considerable climatic heterogeneity (i.e., uncertainty) within the legacy spatial units, users who use precise spatial information are likely to achieve better outcomes (i.e., ≈ 5% greater growth rates). % Decline in Productivity without CAST


A grid of synthetic spectra for the study of multiple populations on globular clusters Vinicius Branco1, Paula Coelho1, and Ariane Lan¸con2. Instituto de Astronomia, Geof´ısica e Ciˆencias Atmosf´ericas, Sao Paulo, Brazil.1 Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.2 Email: vbranco@usp.br Summary Globular Clusters are challenging and fascinating astronomy objects. Once understood to be simple stellar populations, it is now known that stars in massive GCs present chemical variations not expected by the current theoretical predictions. In this work, we have calculated stellar spectra to study the integrated properties of GCs, considering three iron metallicities and two generation of stars — a primordial one following the pattern of galactic halo stars and a second one with anti-correlated CNONa abundances. We show that the modelled stellar population spectra present signatures of the CNONa anti-correlations, thus aﬀecting our interpretation of the integrated spectrum of a GC and the Lick indices. Before applying our models to extragalactic environments, where only the integrated spectra of GCs can be accessed, we are calibrating our stellar spectra grid to a sample of metal-poor empirical spectra drawn from the X-Shooter Library. This will allow us to construct a more reliable grid of synthetic spectra to study the multiple populations on GCs. Introduction Globular Clusters (GCs) are invaluable to advance our knowledge of both galactic and extragalactic astronomy. The last decade is seeing a change of paradigm regarding these systems: once understood to be simple stellar populations, now evidence accumulates that nearly all massive Galactic GCs harbour multiple populations (MPs) of stars. Yet the stellar populations models to date often still study these systems on the basis of simple stellar populations. Our work aims at improving stellar population models of integrated spectra by incorporating what is already known in terms of the chemical mix- tures of the multiple populations. For that, we build on our previous work and in synergy with the POPSYCLE collaboration [1]. We believe this will allow us to better exploit the data of extragalactic GCs, expected to be observed in the coming years. Methodology Our recent work Branco (2020, [2], [3], “B20”) and Branco et al. (in prep), followed up on the ﬁrst eﬀorts by Coelho et al. (2011, “C11”, [4]) in understanding the eﬀect of MPs in the integrated light of GCs. To calculate the models and the synthetic spec- tra, we used ATLAS12 and SYNTHE codes [5], with the Sun to calibrate our atomic and molecular ingredients. We produced two stellar population synthesis (SPS) models, covering three metallicities. For each [Fe/H] value, we calculated α-enhanced models representing a ﬁrst generation of stars and a α−and helium-enhanced second generation including the observed chemical abundance variations on C, N, O and Na on stars of Galactic GCs. Figure 1 shows how the SPS integrated spectra contrast to each other at various metallicities, as well as the residual ﬂux diﬀerence between ﬁrst and second generation spectra. Figure 1. SPS integrated spectra representing the ﬁrst (purple) and second (yellow) generation of stars for three metallicities (top panel) and their residual ﬂux diﬀerence (i.e., ﬁrst generation ﬂux minus second generation ﬂux, bottom panel). Results For a metallicity of [Fe/H] = -0.7, C11 found that the Lick indices appreciably aﬀected by the chemical abundance anticorrelations, as expected by the presence of MPs, were CN1, CN2, Ca4227, G4300 and NaD. Later on, B20 produced a grid of stellar spectra expanding the metallicity coverage of C11 towards less and more metallic systems. The eﬀects on the Balmer lines were conﬁrmed in B20, and for the ﬁrst time the inﬂuence of the MPs on those Lick indices were found in diﬀerent metallicity regimes. Conclusion and Perspectives We have conﬁrmed the results by C11 and expanded the metallicity coverage of that study i


Collaborative Research: CyberTraining: Pilot: Research Workforce Development for Deep Learning Systems in Advanced GPU Cyberinfrastructure OAC-2306184/OAC-2330364 PI of OAC-2306184: Tong Shu, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of North Texas PI of OAC-2330364: Xin Liang, Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky Training Program on Deep Learning Systems in Advanced GPU Cyberinfrastructure 2023 and 2024 https://dlgpu-workshop.github.io Training Syllabus Lecture Modules • For all students ➢Deep Neural Network Training and Inference on GPUs (Dr. Tony Luo) ➢Deep Learning Models I: Convolutional Neural Network and Physics- Informed Neural Network (Dr. Tony Luo) ➢Deep Learning Models II: Graph Neural Network and Transformer (Dr. Tong Shu) [New in 2024] ➢Resource-Aware Deep Learning Model Exploration on GPUs (Dr. Tong Shu) ➢Basic CUDA Programming (Dr. Tong Shu) ➢GPU Architectures and CUDA Programming (Dr. Tong Shu) • For CSE students ➢Advanced CUDA Programming (Dr. Xin Liang) ➢CUDA Programming for Deep Learning Applications (Dr. Xin Liang) ➢CUDA Libraries, Kernel Profiler, and Performance Analysis Tool (Dr. Iraklis Anagnostopoulos) ➢Deep Learning on TPUs (Dr. Iraklis Anagnostopoulos) [New in 2024] • For non-CSE students: ➢CNN-based Hydrological Connectivity Modeling (Dr. Ruopu Li) ➢PINN-Based Space Environment Nowcast (Dr. Daoru Han) Hands-on Exercise System https://github.com/SHUs-Lab/JupyterHubPlus • Configure JupyterHub for authentication and access of multiple users • Support CUDA C code block by modifying JupyterHub source code • Iterations with trainees and timely monitoring of progress on hands-on exercises Raw data (e.g., tabular data, images) Scientific/ Social Simulation/ Experiments DL-Driven Scientific Research Performance metrics (e.g., prediction accuracy, training time, resource efficiency) Search Space Neural Architecture | Hyper-Parameters | Resource Constraints GPUs of diverse capabilities (e.g., number of CUDA/tensor cores, peak TFLOPS, memory, bandwidth) PyTorch Model Exploration (NNI) Exploration Strategy Estimation Strategy Cross-model optimization Training control Search algorithms (e.g., evolutionary algorithm, reinforcement learning, bayesian optimization) Model generation with resource constraints Resource-Aware Neural Architecture Search CNN PINN Performance Modeling and Prediction DL inference DL training Nvidia GPUs Advanced CUDA Toolkit Architectures of State-of-the-Art GPUs PyTorch Convolutional-NN-based Hydrological Connectivity Modeling GPU-based DL Systems Advanced GPU CI DL App Benchmarks Geoscience Research Physics-Informed- NN-based Space Environment Nowcast Neural Network Intelligence (NNI) Resource-Aware DL Model Exploration Advanced Programming with Tensor Cores Latest Profiler: Nsight Compute, Nsight Systems DL Training and Inference on GPUs Libraries: cuBLAS, cuDNN, NCCL Interdisciplinary Projects • Project topics ➢Project 1: Accurate and time-efficient transformer inference on TPU architecture for drought classification (Summer 2024) ➢Project 2: Exploration of TPU architectures for optimized transformer performance in image detection of drainage crossings (Summer 2024) ➢Project 3: Accuracy-constrained efficiency optimization and GPU profiling of CNN inference for detecting drainage crossing locations (Summer 2023) ➢Project 4: Pareto optimization of CNN models via hardware-aware neural architecture search for drainage crossing classification on resource-limited devices (Summer 2023) ➢Project 5: Deep-learning model for optimization of an electrostatic Sieve for lunar regolith beneficiation (Summer 2024) ➢Project 6: Space environment modeling and uncertainty quantification with deep neural networks (Summer 2023) ➢Project 7: Reusing small pre-trained models for efficient large model training in natural language processing (Summer 2024) ➢Project 8: Real-time edge analytics for thermal infrared imagery and geological hazards with deep detection (Summer 2023) •


Listening effort ratings for habitual and clear-Lombard speech as predicted by a glimpse measure Esther Janse1, Chen Shen1, & Martin Cooke2 1 Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands 2 University of the Basque Country, Spain Background and RQs 1 High-Energy Glimpse proportion (HEGP) measure is known to predict speech-in-noise intelligibility 2 Intelligibility and listening effort are inversely related RQ1a Does HEGP predict listening effort ratings for speech presented in noise? RQ1b If so, does HEGP predict effort differentially for habitual and clear-Lombard speech? RQ2 Do acoustic-phonetic measures explain additional variance in effort ratings? Speech corpus and ratings • Multi-talker Radboud Lombard Corpus (subsample of 48 talkers) • Speech and listening effort ratings available on Zenodo (scan QR ) • 48 talkers reading 48 sentences, in both habitual and clear-Lombard style (48*48*2=4608 sentences) • Listening effort ratings collected online for sentences, presented in speech-shaped noise (-6 dB SNR) • 230 online raters; each unique sentence rated by 2-3 raters • Rating on 7-point listening effort scale Extremely effortful to understand Not effortful at all to understand Acoustic measures High-Energy Glimpse Proportion • Speech-in-noise mixture passed through filter bank • HEGP quantifies speech-dominant High-Energy glimpses from the noisy speech  HEGP score (0-1) per sentence Statistical modelling and results Model 1 (HEGP) Model 2 (HEGP plus additional acoustic measures) model1=lmer(Rating ~ hegpC*Style+ Gender + (1|SentenceID) + (1|Rater) + (1+Style|Speaker) model2= (same fixed and random structure as model 1) + scaled(F0range + F0median+artic_rate + HamI) Number of obs: 11040, Rater, 230; Speaker, 48; SentenceID, 48 (sum coding for categorical variables) Identical dataset and contrast coding as for model 1 Fixed effects β SE t p –level HEGP -8.93 0.41 -21.93 *** Style -0.55 0.08 - 7.139 *** Gender (talker) 0.81 0.11 7.15 *** HEGP*Style <1 n.s. Marginal R2 (AIC) 0.34 (35159) Fixed effects β SE t p–level HEGP -7.93 0.41 -21.93 *** Style -0.44 0.08 - 5.31 *** Gender 0.77 0.12 6.38 *** HEGP*Style 0.69 0.62 1.12 n.s. F0 range -0.08 0.02 - 3.61 *** F0 median 0.06 0.03 1.91 . (<0.1) Articulation_rate 0.10 0.03 3.33 *** Hammarberg Index 0.06 0.03 2.22 * Marginal R2 (AIC) 0.35 (35136) YES NO YES Intelligibility in noise Listening effort HEGP and other acoustic measures ? Additional acoustic-phonetic measures • F0 range (in semitone) • F0 median (in semitone) • Articulation rate (syll/sec) • Hammarberg Index (Δ energy LF (0–2 kHz) and HF band (2–5 kHz; higher values index less vocal effort) Bottom line HEGP and other acoustic measures Listening effort Intelligibility in noise RQ1: HEGP equally strong predictor of effort across speaking styles RQ2: acoustic-phonetic measures explain some additional variance in listening effort  MORE EFFORT HEGP (centered) This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant No. 675324 (ENRICH). 1 2


Characterization methods for Shiga toxin-producing E. coli – a part of OH-HARMONY-CAP G.S Johannessen 1 • R. Tozzoli 2 • A. Pista 3 • C. Flink 4 • F. Alves3 • D. Bolton5 • M. Kirchner6 • N. Boisen7 1. Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Ås, Norway • 2. Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy • 3. National Institute of Health Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal • 4. Swedish Food Agency, Uppsala, Sweden • 5. Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin, Ireland • 7. Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom • 7. Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark In summary, 41 laboratories responded that they tested for STEC, including human clinical (17), animal (13), food (24), feed (6) and environmental samples (11) [1]. For the typing of STEC, serotyping is commonly being used, although it is clear that the pathogenic potential of the isolates cannot be determined by serotypes alone and that all STEC are considered as pathogenic to humans [2]. A total of 25 and 15 labs performed O- and H-typing, respectively, using serological, molecular and a combination of these methods (fig 1). A total of 35 respondents tested their isolates for virulence-associated genes, where a majority tested for stx and eae genes. Approximately half of the labs testing for stx genes also carried out subtyping of these, while subtyping of eae was not common. From the responses to the questionnaire it was not possible to discriminate between laboratories using PCR or WGS for the detection of virulence genes, but we assume that both methods are employed. In addition 17 laboratories reported that they performed phylogenetic analyses, i.e. genetic comparisons to determine the relatedness of isolates (fig 2). While the literature search yielded around 130 hits, we also looked into recent publications from organizations such as EFSA and FAO/WHO [2,3]. Several different methods for typing and characterization of STEC have been tested, but serotyping and virulence gene profiling of stx genes and their subtypes seem to be the most used methods. For further characterization molecular methods such as PFGE and MLVA have been commonly used, but with recent developments in sequencing technology, many laboratories have implemented whole genome sequencing (WGS) based methods for further characterization of STEC, such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and core and/or whole genome multi locus sequence typing (cg and/or wg MLST). References: [1] D-IA.2.2.OH-Harmony-Cap 3.2. 2021. https://zenodo.org/record/5788415#.Yjm6--fMKUk, [2] EFSA, 2020. DOI: https://doi,org/10.2903/j.efsa.2020.5967, [3] FAO/WHO, 2018. https://www.fao.org/documents/card/en/c/CA0032EN/ This poster is part of the European Joint Programme One Health EJP. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 773830. RESULTS METHODS The work package (WP) 3 of the OH-HARMONY-CAP project (One Health Harmonization of Protocols for the detection of foodborne pathogens and AMR determinants) concerns laboratory interoperability, i.e. the potential for using harmonized method across the human, veterinary and food sectors. Here we aimed to map characterization methods for Shiga toxin-producing E. coli currently in use, identify gaps and recommend a harmonised strategy for such methods. • A questionnaire was developed in WP3 to examine current practices in public health, veterinary, food testing and National Reference Laboratories and the responses from the questionnaire with respect to typing and characterization of STEC were analysed. • A literature search in PUBMED using the search string (Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli) AND (characterization methods) AND (typing methods) with criteria English language and publication period 2000 - 2021, was performed. • Other sources, such as EURL for E. coli, EFSA, ECDC, OIE and FAO/WHO were also examined. CONCLUSION AND PERSPECTIVES Molecular typing methods, including t


Bentheuphausia amblyops (Euphausiacea) Gennadas valens (Dendrobranchiata) vs. Amalopenaeus elegans (= Gennadas elegans) faut examiner les structures génitales / must examine the genital structures Nematocarcinus rotundus (Caridea) Acanthephyra purpurea (Caridea) Acanthephyra pelagica (Caridea) Notostomus elegans (Caridea) Crustacés mésopélagiques (crevettes et krill) - relevé d’hiver 2024 NGCC Cabot Mesopelagic Crustaceans (shrimp and krill) - Winter Survey 2024 CCGS Cabot Plesionika martia (Caridea) Hymenopenaeus debilis (Dendrobranchiata) Systellaspis debilis (Caridea) Robustosergia robustus (Dendrobranchiata) Pasiphaea tarda (Caridea) G. valens fem. épines / spines épines / spines x Claude Nozères (2024)


Motivation Applications for Modeling Life Science data in Wikidata. Tim E. Putman1, Sebastian Burgstaller-Muehlbacher1, Andra Waagmeester2, Chunlei Wu1, Andrew I. Su1, and Benjamin M. Good1 1 Department of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, USA 2 Micelio, Antwerp, Belgium Wikidata provides an extensible open framework ideal for aggregating distributed data in a centralized database that supports: •complex querying based a semantic data model •providing data for domain speciﬁc web applications that allow the user to both read and write data A A) Semantic microbial data model consisting of a hierarchical taxonomic schema and separate entities for gene and protein. The nodes are Wikidata ‘items’ and ‘properties’ deﬁne the relationships. B) Python based ‘Bot’ software for gathering data from different resources and reading and writing directly to Wikidata (https:// github.com/SuLab/WikidataIntegrator). Bacteria (Q10876) domain C. trachomatis 434/BU (Q20800254) strain trpA (Q21153861) gene TRPA (Q21153984) protein found in taxon (P703) parent taxon (P171) encodes (P688) encoded by (P702) subclass of (P279) Entrez ID (P351) gen. start (P644) gen. stop (P645) subclass of (P279) UniProt ID (P352) RefSeq ID (P637) molecular function (P680) locus tag (P2393) C. trachomatis (Q131065) species biological process (P681) cell component (P682) Data model and implementation B Figure2. NCBI Genome Assemblies. A) Various data sources for microbial genetic data. B) Cumulative sum of bacterial and eukaryotic genome assemblies submitted to NCBI GenBank by year. A B Scope and diversity of microbial data 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000 Bacteria Eukaryotes Sequenced Genomes Modeling microbial interactions trpA C. trachomatis genome www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ genome/ indole www.drugbank.ca/ Chlamydia trachomatis: genes www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/ Human: indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase www.uniprot.org/ tryptophanase www.uniprot.org/ C.trachomatis: trp. synth. alpha and beta www.uniprot.org/ C.trachomatis: tryptophan synthase www.rhea-db.org C.trachomatis: trpRBA operon www.operondb.jp/ Akers et al. 2006 trpB trpR organismLabel Escherichia coli IAI39 Treponema denticola ATCC 35405 Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. enterocolitica 8081 Aeromonas hydrophila subsp. hydrophila ATCC 7966 Vibrio cholerae O1 biovar El Tor str. N16961 Vibrio parahaemolyticus RIMD 2210633 Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. nucleatum ATCC 25586 Desulfovibrio vulgaris subsp. vulgaris str. Hildenborough Salinibacter ruber DSM 13855 Escherichia coli UMN026 Escherichia coli O104:H4 str. 2011C-3493 Escherichia coli O83:H1 str. NRG 857C A) The interactions between host, pathogen, microbiome, and small molecules that lead to pathogen persistence during a chlamydial infection in humans (originally hypothesized by Caldwell et al. 2003). Blue URLs indicate source of data and edges are deﬁned by properties in Wikidata. B) SPARQL query results for organisms that are capable of producing indole . A B. Organisms that produce indole Acknowledgements We would like to thank Lynn Schriml and Elvira Mitraka of the University of Maryland, the members of The Apollo Project and the many members of the Wikidata community for valuable contributions to this project. References/Funding Caldwell et al. 2003 (PMID:12782678) Putman et al. 2016 (PMID:27022157) Burgstaller-Muehlbacher et al. 2015 (PMID: 26989148) This work is supported by the National Institutes of Health under grant GM089820, GM083924, GM114833 and DA036134. Domain Speciﬁc Portals into Wikidata A) WikiGenomes: a centralized model organism database for bacterial reference genomes that supports community annotation. B) Wikidata as the universal, community owned, backend database for any domain speciﬁc application. A B L-tryptophan www.drugbank.ca/ N-Formylkynurenine www.drugbank.ca/


Introducción Los procesos de fusión y solidiﬁcación de las nanopartículas de elementos puros y nanoaleaciones en la actualidad siguen atrayendo interes por sus propiedades especiales y posibles aplicaciones en diversos campos como catálisis, electrónica, óptica y hasta remediación ambiental. Objetivos - Determinar el rango de temperatura donde ocurre la fusión de la nanoaleación Fe-Al. - Determinar si el tamaño de la nanoaleación inﬂuye en la temperatura de fusión. Procedimiento Se utiliza la simulación con el método de dinámica molecular para estudiar los procesos de fusión y solidiﬁcación de las nanopartículas de Al@Fe en concentración de N-m para el aluminio y m para el hierro (siendo N el número total de átomos y m el número de átomos de Fe) con estructura core-shell. Es decir los átomos de Al en el centro y en la capa externa los átomos de Fe. Se han simulado varias concentraciones con velocidades de calentamiento de 2 K/ps y 10 K/ps en el rango de temperatura de 200 K a 1600 K. La simulación se realizó con el software LAMMPS con potencial de interacción tipo EAM. Estructura interna y externa de la nanopartícula de 1157 átomos a 200 K. Red de tipo FCC con parámetro de red 4.04 Anstron. Resultados Nanoaleación de 1157 átomos Nanoaleación de 3907 átomos Energía total vs Temperatura para varias concentraciones. Con un calentamiento de 2K/ps Conclusiones - La transición de fase en la nanoaleación de 1157 átomos ocurre aproximadamente a 900 K. - La transición de fase en la nanoaleación de 3907 átomos ocurre aproximadamente a 1000 K. - El número de estructuras de tipo FCC decrese. - Ambas nanoaleaciones muestran cierto grado de cristalinidad a 213 K aproximadamente. Transición de Fase en Nanoaleaciones de Hierro-Aluminio con Estructura Core- Shell: Estudio con Dinámica Molecular XXIV Simposio Peruano de Física 2 al 6 Noviembre 2015 Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Shigueru Nagata, Zhenia Davalos, Justo Rojas Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú


U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development EPA’s Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) Research Effort Communications and Outreach Overview M. Linnenbrink National Center for Computational Toxicology, Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency Approach Stakeholder Groups Communication & Outreach Activities ToxCast Data Usage Stakeholder Workshop Feedback Monica Linnenbrink l Linnenbrink.Monica@epa.gov l 000-000-0000 III-1-576 • Promote use of ToxCast high-throughput screening data to inform a variety of chemical safety decisions • Increase meaningful involvement in the development of research and tools • Encourage two-way dialogue between stakeholders and EPA about ToxCast data • Provide regular updates about research progress and plans for the future research direction • Academic Institutions • Industry/Industry Trade Associations • Professional Societies • Non-Governmental Organizations • International Government Agencies • Environmental & Scientific Media • US EPA Regulatory Offices & Regions • Other US Government Agencies • US Congress • State Agencies & Municipalities • December 13, 2013 – EPA announced release of iCSS dashboard, ToxCast Phase II data and Data Challenges (news release, social media, blog) • Updated fact sheets and websites • Continued Social media: Twitter, blogs for Scientific Reports, Environmental Science & Technology, and Nature Biotech papers • Events: Webinars, workshops and Data Summit • Proactive outreach to scientific and environmental media • ToxCast research presented and promoted at scientific conferences • Research collaborations to exchange data and expertise (LOREAL, Health Canada, pharmaceutical companies, etc) • Feedback from stakeholders (surveys, qualitative) • Tutorial videos • Data challenges Recent scientific advances provide innovative solutions to persistent and pervasive issues facing risk-based chemical safety evaluations. US EPA has been using in vitro testing methods to accelerate the pace of chemical evaluations, reduce reliance on animals, and address the lack of data on thousands of chemicals. In 2013, EPA’s Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) released high- throughput screening data on 1,800 chemicals. ToxCast is a multiyear effort launched in 2007 that uses high-throughput screening to expose cells or proteins to chemicals. The cells or proteins are then screened for changes in biological activity that may suggest toxic effects. ToxCast has the potential to limit the number of animal-based toxicity tests, while quickly and sufficiently screening large numbers of chemicals. ToxCast chemicals were screened for potential health effects using a battery of ~700 high-throughput screening assay endpoints. All data is publicly available for stakeholders to analyze and use to help inform chemical safety decisions. Applying ToxCast data to support regulatory decisions requires evolution of a risk assessment paradigm that has been used for decades. EPA recognized early that a communications and outreach strategy with the goal of increasing usage and analysis was needed to demonstrate the power of this information . Background Media Coverage 60% 13% 27% ToxCast Data Very Satisfied Satisfied Neither Satisfied or Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Have not Used 13% 34% 20% 33% iCSS Dashboard Very Satisfied Satisfied Neither Satisfied or Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Very Dissatisfied Have not Used 27% 66% 7% Workshop improved understanding of data/tools and use of them Strongly Agree Agree Undecided Disagree • Media Coverage • BNA • Greenwire • Chemical Watch • Environmental Leader • ACC • Twitter stats: 7 tweets, 41 retweets, 15 favorites, reaching 145,880 individuals • Held two stakeholder workshops • Provide overview of high-throughput screening data • Presentations described ToxCast data • Provide early interpretation of data • Demonstrate how to access ToxCast data • Provide opportunity for stakeholder feedback during one-o