Rapana venosa Rapană CUM O RECUNOAȘTEM? Familia Muricidae, Clasa Gastropoda Gastropod de talie mare, cu cochilia globuloasă, cu spira evidentă, formată din 3 - 4 anfracte, care cresc încet şi regulat. Ultimul anfract este foarte dezvoltat, mult dilatat. Apertura este foarte largă, de formă ovală, strălucitoare în interior, de o culoare portocalie- roşcată; marginile aperturii prezintă cute. Ombilicul este mărginit de o îngroşare puternică, care formează o creastă pe marginea inferioară a cochiliei. Dimensiunile maxime ale cochiliei sunt de 7 - 12 cm înălţime şi 9 cm lăţime. Coloritul este brun-roşcat, adesea cu benzi brune sau striuri colorate mai intens. Specie răpitoare, bentală, are un regim nutritiv ﬂexibil consumând atât hrană vie cât și organisme aﬂate în descompunere. În alimentație predomină stridiile și midiile. Activitatea metabolică scade semniﬁcativ în perioada rece a anului (toamna-iarna) când se afundă în nisip, mâl sau se adăposteşte în crăpăturile stâncilor ﬁxându-se foarte strâns cu talpa de substrat. Perioada de reproducere durează din aprilie până în septembrie. Pontele sunt depuse sub forma unor cocoane semitransparente cu aspect de ciorchine. Numărul ouălelor într-o capsulă variază între 200 – 800. În medie o rapană depune 400 - 600 de capsule care sunt legate între ele, iar durata de formare a unei ponte este de 2 - 3 zile. Foto credit: https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapan%C4%83#/media/Fi%C8%9 9ier:Rapana_Black_Sea_2008_G1.jpg https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapan%C4%83#/media/Fi%C8%9 9ier:Rapana_venosa_01.JPG https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272992445_Dyna mics_of_Rapana_venosa_VALENCIENNES_1846_Gastropoda_Mu ricidae_Population_in_the_Black_Sea/ﬁgures?lo=1 http://ukrbin.com/index.php?id=339780 https://www.inthemoodforfood.fr/en/odessa-food-guide- ukraine/ Eclozarea larvelor se realizează după o lună de la reproducere. O perioadă larvele înoată activ în masa apei, perioadă în care se hrănesc intens cu ciripede şi, ulterior, se aşează pe fund. Activitatea ﬁziologică se intensiﬁcă la începutul verii, când execută deplasări active în căutarea hranei prin intermediul piciorului musculos, cu o viteză medie de 30 cm/min. În această perioadă execută migraţii ample pe verticală şi poate ﬁ întâlnită între 0,5 - 30 m adâncime. Capsule cu ouă


Probing Effect of External UV Radiation on Young Stellar and Substellar Mass Objects: Is Orion a Special Place for Observing External Photoevaporation of Disks? Orion A Star Forming Regions NGC 1977 provides a milder radiation environment than Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC): ONCprovides strong radiation environment (with multiple O stars), since a B1 star is the highest mass star in NGC 1977. Compared to θ1 Ori C (O6.5V), surroundings of 42 Ori (B1V) has ~30 times lower FUV field, yet we find photoevaporation playing an important role on YSO evolution. L1641 which has similar age as NGC 1977 and ONC provide weaker UV environment. Proplyds in NGC 1977 30’ north of Orion Nebula Age: ~1-1.5 Myr (similar to ONC) Difference between Orion Nebula and NGC 1977: No O star! B1V is the earliest type star in the region FUV field ~ 3,000 G0 Proplyds are found for the first time near a B star! J. Serena Kim (Univ. of Arizona), Min Fang (Univ. of Arizona), Josh Eisner (Univ. of Arizona), Ilaria Pascucci (Univ. of Arizona), Daniel Apai (Univ. of Arizona), Cathie Clarke (IoA, Cambridge), Stefano Facchini (MPE), Carlo Manara (ESA/ESTEC), Marina Kounkel (WWU), Kevin Covey (WWU), NExSS/EOS team, and APOGEE2-YSO team Orion B 1 Myr Barnard’s loop OB 1a 6-10 Myr OB 1b 5 Myr Orion Nebula σOri 3-4 Myr NGC 2068 2071 NGC 2024 NGC1980 NGC1977 ~1-1.5Myr ~1-1.5 Myr 1-2 Myr ~1.5 Myr 25 Ori 7-10 Myr L1641 Photoevaporating Protoplanetary Disks Is Orion SFRs at special time to observe Photoevaporating YSOs? Orion Nebula has the most number of extensively studied proplyds around Trapezium stars, especially around θ1 Ori C (O6.5). There are only a few proplyds known in other star forming regions all around O stars (e.g.,Balog et al. 2006, Koenig et al. 2006, Fang et al. 2012). NGC 1977 has the 2nd most number of proplyds found so far. There are handful of proplyds in other regions but in small numbers. Disks in ONC near θ1 Ori C are truncated and smaller than other SFRs! A Candidate Planetary Mass Proplyd in ONC: Proplyd 133-353 Star forming regions and approximate ages of SFRs in Orion. Background image is courtesy of Roberto Bernal Andreo In the table… #4 and 5 has K ~ 17-18mag (from UKIRT, Kim et al. in prep). These are below Spitzer detection limit (Megeath et al. 2012) and we place an upper limit: Mproplyd< 0.015Msun Proplyds in NGC 1977 (HST/ACS image F658N) from Kim et al. (2016). The yellow arrows point toward the B1 star, 42 Ori. NGC 1977. The blue stars are the locations of B stars and the red circles are the locations of proplyds (Kim et al. 2016). The other symbols are the candidate YSOs (Fang, Kim et al. in prep.) Modeling of proplyds Model: from Facchini et al. (2016) For B1 star (~10 M⦿, NLy = 1045/s, LFUV= 2x1037 erg/ s.) (Diaz-Miller et al. 1998, Armitage 2000) FFUV ~ 3000 G0 at d = 0.2-0.3 pc from B1 star Ṁphot ~ 10-8 - 10-9 M⦿ yr-1 Rdisk ~ 40 - 50 AU RIF ~ 70 - 400 AU for Rdisk ~ 40 – 50 AU References Balog, Z., Rieke, G. H., Su, K. Y. L., et al. 2006, ApJL, 2006, 650, 83 DaRio, M.. Tan, J. C., Covey, K. R. et al. 2016, ApJ, 818, 59 Eisner, J. et al. 2018, ApJ, 860, 77 Facchini, S., Clarke, C. J., & Bisbas, T. G. 2016, MNRAS, 457, 3593 Fang, M. van Boekel, R., King, R. R. et al. 2012, A&A, 539, 119 Fang, M., Kim, J. S., Pascucci, I. et al. 2016, ApJ. 833, L16 Fang, M. Kim, J. S., Pascucci, I. et al. 2017, ApJ, 153, 188 Kounkel, M. et al. 2018, AJ, accepted Kim, J. S., Clarke, C. J., Fang, M., & Facchini, S. 2016, ApJ, 826, L15 Megeath S. T., Gutemuth, R., Muzerolle, J. et al., 2012, AJ, 144, 192 This work benefits from the EOS NExSS collaboration. We acknowledge the European Research Council under ERC-2013-ADG. The HST data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes ( MAST) at https:// archive.stsci.edu/hst/ . Background image credit: ESA/NASA/JPL-Caltech Proplyd 133-353 is near θ1 Ori C at the center of ONC. Our Near-IR spectroscopic data found it to be M9.5 And have a mass of ~13 Jupiter mass at an age o


Methodology Factors Related to Prehospital Delay in the Presentation of Acute Stroke and Level of Awareness among Stroke Patients in a District Setting SH Lim1, TL Tan1, PW Ngo1, LY Lee1, SY Ting2, HJ Tan3 1Medical Department, Hospital Seri Manjung, Perak, Ministry of Health, Malaysia 2Clinical research Department, Hospital Seri Manjung, Perak, Ministry of Health, Malaysia 3Neurology Department, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Kuala Lumpur, Ministry of Health, Malaysia P-152 NMRR-19-2047-49080 (IIR) Introduction • Early presentation to hospitals has been shown to predict better functional outcomes in stroke patients. • Lack of these local data poses great challenge in the mission of establishing more acute stroke ready hospitals among district populations. • Aims: To examine how stroke patients in district setting in Malaysia react to stroke symptoms and factors contributed to their prehospital delay to seek treatment. Characteristics n (%) Age in years, mean(SD) 59 (12.7) Male gender 65 (63.7) Ethnicity Malay Chinese Indian Others 67 (65.7) 26 (25.5) 7 (6.9) 2 (1.9) Comorbidities Hypertension Diabetes mellitus Dyslipidemia Ischemic heart disease Previous stroke None 73 (71.6) 39 (38.2) 29 (28.4) 15 (14.7) 18 (17.6) 21 (20.6) NIHSS score, median(IQR) 5 (6.0) Perception of stroke Yes No Not sure 39 (38.2) 21 (20.6) 42 (41.2) Patients’ perception of symptom & severity Limb weakness Severe Facial asymmetry Severe Dysarthria Severe 92 (89.3) 59 (57.8) 31 (30.1) 11 (10.8) 56 (54.4) 25 (24.5) Aware of thrombolysis service 4 (3.9) Subtype of stroke LACI PACI POCI TACI 82 (80.4) 11 (10.8) 6 (5.9) 3 (2.9) Decision delay in minutes, median(IQR) 120 (645.0) Transport delay in minutes, median(IQR) 161 (192.5) Prehospital delay in minutes, median(IQR) 364 (957.5) Table 1: Demographic and clinical characteristics Results Variables Adj. OR (CI 95%) P value Ethnicity Malay Chinese Indian Others 11.30 (1.93, 66.19) 4.06 (0.64, 25.65) 1.00 0.60 (0.02, 15.00) 0.019 0.007 0.136 0.753 No previous stroke 4.15 (1.21, 14.25) 0.024 Not aware of thrombolysis service 17.12 (1.28, 229.17) 0.032 Table 2: Significant predictors for PREHOSPITAL DELAY by multivariate logistic regression Variables Adj. OR (CI 95%) P value No comorbid 8.63 (1.40, 53.22) 0.020 NIHSS score 0.87 (0.78, 0.96) 0.006 Perception of stroke Yes No Unsure 1.00 3.67 (0.95, 14.17) 3.78 (1.24, 11.55) 0.040 0.059 0.020 Not aware of thrombolysis service 15.27 (1.10, 211.46) 0.042 Table 3: Significant predictors for DECISION DELAY by multivariate logistic regression 1. Patients without any comorbidity had higher likelihood of decision delay as they were never screened for any cardiovascular risk factors or received any clinic consultations prior to stroke. 2. No association was found between having at least one cardiovascular risk factor with prehospital or decision delay, suggesting the lack of stroke education for patients who are at risk of stroke. 3. Our study population had poor awareness and knowledge for stroke as evidenced by less than half of the patients were able to recognize FAST symptoms as stroke. 4. Those who perceived stroke symptoms correctly had shorter decision time compared to those who were unsure, but the former did not have shorter prehospital delay. This shows that even good knowledge of stroke symptoms is insufficient as there was a significant discrepancy between awareness and action taken following stroke. 5. Reasons for decision delay were symptoms being mild, unable to get help, symptoms being perceived as self-limiting and not knowing how to react. 6. Decision delay is not significantly shorter in patients who perceived their symptoms to be severe. In conclusion, there is a substantial lack of knowledge and lackluster response to stroke among our studied populations. Various strategies are required in the future not only to disseminate knowledge of stroke, but also to modulate the public behaviour as these represent the main obstacles towards early hospital presentation a


IMF-σ: core & power-law galaxies Our analysis reveals a separation in the IMF-σ relation for M87 and NGC7619 (squares), compared to NGC1332 and NGC0307 (circles). Larger symbol sizes indicate smaller radii. The former are pressure-supported core galaxies with luminosity profiles that turn over at a certain radius while the latter are rotation-supported power-law galaxies containing surface brightness profiles with a steep power-law. Power-law galaxies appear to have more bottom-heavy IMFs and higher M/L than core galaxies of the same σ (see also [6]). While σ drives the overall trend for galaxies, offsets are seen in the relation for different galaxies. We are adding more core and power-law galaxies to the sample and aim to explore any differences in radial gradients between them. Method We create high S/N Voronoi binned spectra [1], subtracting emission lines and deriving kinematics using PPXF [2]. We measure optical absorption features as well as perform full spectrum fitting with ALF [3], example fits shown below. We obtain consistent results from both for age, metallicity, Mg abundance using different stellar population models [3][4]. Introduction The stellar initial mass function (IMF) has implications for a wide range of problems in astrophysics and is one of the largest uncertainties when analysing the integrated light of galaxies. Through MUSE we focus on a galaxy-by-galaxy approach to study detailed spatial variations in age, metallicity, individual element abundances, and the low-mass IMF slope by fitting the full spectrum with stellar population models. We perform the analysis for galaxies with different kinematics and explore trends with velocity dispersion. M87: elliptical, slow rotator Having masked the contaminated jet and central region, we find a constant age~13 Gyrs, [Mg/Fe]~0.4 dex, strong negative gradients in [Fe/H] and [Na/Fe], and mild negative gradients in the IMF slope and M/L. The IMF is slightly steeper than Salpeter in the centre and Salpeter at 0.5 Re. Comparing M/L from dynamical models for M87 reveals a value of ~6.5 in the centre, which is lower than the results from stellar population analyses (see also [5]). NGC1332: E/S0, fast rotator This galaxy, viewed edge-on, also has an old stellar population with a very shallow gradient out to 1 Re, and a negative metallicity gradient. [Mg/Fe] is lower at ~0.3 dex. A steep negative gradient is found in [Na/Fe] with maximum values of 0.6 dex and a slope of -0.3 dex/Re. The low-mass IMF has a slope of 3.4 in the centre, decreasing to 3 at 1 Re, corresponding to a very high central M/L ~10-15 in the V band. NGC1332 shows an interesting v-h3 correlation which suggests the presence of a bar, viewed end-on. The stellar population maps also show some asymmetry, supporting this. Spatially-Resolved Stellar IMF in a Sample of Kinematically Distinct MUSE Galaxies Taniya Parikh⭑, Roberto Saglia, Jens Thomas, Kianusch Mehrgan, Ralf Bender Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik, Garching, Germany ⭑tparikh@mpe.mpg.de 1 Cappellari & Copin 2003, MNRAS, 342, 345 2 Cappellari 2017, MNRAS, 466, 798 3 Conroy et al. 2018, ApJ, 854, 139 4 Thomas, Maraston & Johansson 2011, MNRAS, 412, 2183 5 Sarzi et al. 2018, MNRAS, 478, 4084 6 Bernardi et al. 2019, MNRAS, 489, 5633


Resonances in doubly anisotropic, high-index nanoplatelets Bingying You, Tom T. C. Sistermans, and Alberto G. Curto background: n=1.0 nab = 4.5 Field monitor (for multipole expansion) Total-field/scattered-field (TFSF) source Scattering field monitor nab = 4.5 nab = 4.5 nz = 1.5 nz = 4.5 260 nm 230 nm 500 0 1 2 3 600 700 800 Wavelength (nm) 500 600 700 800 0 1 2 3 90 nm 60 nm Wavelength (nm) Scattering cross section ( 105 nm2) nz = 4.5 nz = 1.5 500 600 700 800 Wavelength (nm) 0 1 2 3 Anisotropy Diameter Height MoS2 layered structure MD ED 0 3 4 2 1 k E H scattering cross section (10⁵ nm2) 0 3 4 2 1 Total k E H MQ EQ 0 3 4 2 1 EQ ×10 ×10 MQ 500 700 600 800 Wavelength (nm) k E H 500 500 600 700 800 600 700 800 The two peaks exhibit different sensitivities to changes in anisotropy, which is a different behavior compared to changes in geometry Therefore, an in-plane magnetic dipole resonance is more sensitive to anisotropy than an in-plane electric dipole resonance Magnetic dipole is more sensitive to changes in anisotropy Multipolar decomposition Optical anisotropy plays a crucial role in the manipulation of light. However, its strength is limited to low values in conventional materials. Transition metal dichalcogenides possess both high refractive index and giant birefringence due to their layered structure. Here, we study the resonant optical response of individual nanoplatelets. We investigate the distinct impact of changing geometry and birefringence on the tunability of different resonances. We use a multiple expansion for analyzing the contribution of electric and magnetic dipole responses to resonances in nanoplatelets. These electric and magnetic multipolar resonances are sensitive to geometry and anisotropy in distinct and different ways. We envision that films consisting of disordered but oriented nanoplatelets could be used to enhance and direct light scattering and light emission, with applications in light-emitting devices and random lasers. Current and anisotropy Normalized current |Jz| Normalized current |Jx| ED 50% ED + 50% MD 90% ED + 10% MD λ = 521 nm, nz = 1.5 λ = 521 nm, nz = 4.5 λ = 690 nm, nz = 4.5 X z 0 0 10 20 30 60 100 nm Resonances dominated by electric and magnetic dipoles Anisotropy affects out-of-plane electric field/current Different resonances for different illumination conditions Understanding the impact of anisotropy Total: scattering cross section ED: electric dipole MD: magnetic dipole Total 500 600 700 800 Wavelength (nm) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 Scattering cross section (105 nm2) MD ED Scattering with varying anisotropy Simulation configuration Layered structure Birefringence Ermolaev et al. Nat Commun 12, 854 (2021) Tatsuki,.et al. OSA Continuum 5, 4 (2021) weak interlayer force strong intralayer interactions large intrinsic Δn (nab-nc) high refractive index Giant anisotropy between ab-plane and c-axis Impact of changing anisotropy on resonances Geometrical tunability of resonances Resonances in nanoplatelets photonics.intec.ugent.be nano-optics.be Photonics Research Group, Ghent University-imec, Belgium


Zentraler Fonds für eine dezentrale Forschungsorganisation Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft www.leibniz-gemeinschaft.de Stand: September 2016/ Die erfolgreichen Anträge verteilen sich ungleichmäßig über die Sektionen der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft. Verteilung der Kosten pro Sektion Die zehn am häufigsten vertretenen Verlage. Grundlage: 144 bewilligte Förderungen. Verteilung der Kosten pro Artikel Sektion Motivation • Umsetzung von Open Access an Instituten konkret fördern • Open-Access-Publizieren der Wissenschaftler/ innen ermöglichen • Open-Access-Anteil erhöhen - erklärtes Ziel der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft • Erfahrungen mit zentralem Fonds sammeln, Zukunftsmodell planen • Finanzierung: Publikationsgebühren aus Strategie- fonds der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft; Personalaufwände von TIB, ZB MED, ZBW Erfahrungen • positives Feedback der Nutzer • bisher keine Impulse für den Auf- oder Ausbau eigener Institutsfonds • in Einzelfällen in Einzelfällen Fehlentwiclung (z. B. Abbau institutioneller Förderung) • effiziente und professionelle Antragsprüfung und finanzielle Abwicklung • erstmals zentrale Daten zum Publikationsverhalten im Hinblick auf APC-basiertes OA • Vorteile eines zentralen Fonds sichtbar • wie bei anderen Einrichtungen: APC-Management aufwändig • Ausreißer erschweren Arbeit (fehlende CC-Lizenz, hohe Kosten) • aufgrund fehlender absoluter Kostengrenze vergleichsweise hohe durchschnittliche APC-Höhe Fortsetzung • Auswertung und Dokumentation der Erfahrungen • Diskussion von Verstetigungsmodellen • Ergänzung durch zentrale Verhandlungen über Erleichterungen • dezentrale Struktur der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft zu berücksichtigen Zentrale Kennzahlen • 144 geförderte Artikel • in 71 verschiedenen Zeitschriften • nahezu alle Artikel verfügen über einen DOI • 142 Artikel unter Creative-Commons-Lizenz, fast ausschließlich CC-BY-Lizenz • Nachweis in LeibnizOpen (Texte) und bei Open APC Initiative (Kosten) Verlag Artikel Springer Nature 47 PLOS 32 Frontiers 10 MDPI 10 Wiley 6 Copernicus Publications 4 OSA 4 AAAS 3 AIP Publishing LLC 3 IOP 3 Autor/innen Marco Tullney Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek orcid.org/0000-0002-5111-2788 Anita Eppelin Geschäftsstelle der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft orcid.org/0000-0003-3184-5930 0 10 20 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 Artikel Artikel Euro Euro ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ● ● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●● ● ● ● ● ●● ● 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 ● ● ● ● ● A − Geisteswissenschaften und Bildungsforschung B − Wirtschafts− und Sozialwissenschaften, Raumwissenschaften C − Lebenswissenschaften D − Mathematik, Natur− und Ingenieurwissenschaften E − Umweltwissenschaften 0 20 40 60 80 A − Geisteswissenschaften und Bildungsforschung B − Wirtschafts− und Sozialwissenschaften, Raumwissenschaften C − Lebenswissenschaften D − Mathematik, Natur− und Ingenieurwissenschaften E − Umweltwissenschaften 0 500 1000 1500 Leibniz−Publikationsfonds Open APC Initiative Durchschnittliche Kosten (in Euro)


The Astromaterials Data System: A Comprehensive Platform for Preservation, Access, and of Mining Analytical Data of Extraterrestrial Samples Peng Ji, Kerstin Lehnert, Columbia University Cindy Evans, Ryan Zeigler, NASA Johnson Space Center Contact: pengji@ldeo.columbia.edu The Astromaterials Data System (AstroMat) is a joint project of the Geoinformatics Research Group at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and NASA’s Johnson Space Center (JSC) to develop a comprehensive data system that supports discovery, access, preservation, and analysis of analytical data generated by the study of extraterrestrial materials curated by JSC’s Astromaterials Acquisition and Curation Office, including lunar samples, meteorites, cosmic and interplanetary dust, solar wind, and other samples. AstroMat continues the NASA-funded MoonDB project, expanding data compilation to all JSC astromaterials collections, refining and augmenting the MoonDB database schema, and upgrading MoonDB applications to provide both integrated and specialized access to the JSC astromaterials collections. AstroMat is developed as an ecosystem that will help researchers, data curators, and developers track, manage, access, search and explore data and comprises the following components: - AstroDB: Storage database (PostgreSQL) with rich metadata content that integrates (fuses) data previously scattered across the scientific literature and in online PDF documents, making the data easily searchable and minable as a single data product with human and machine-readable interfaces. - AstroRepo: Repository for user-submitted digital content from astromaterials research (analytical data, data synthesis, images, models, etc), will seek CoreTrustSeal certification for Trusted Data Repositories. Includes RepoDB as the document database (MongoDB). - A series of web applications for specific purposes: - AstroAPIs: serves as a bridge between the storage database and all applications that retrieve data from the AstroDB database. - AstroAdmin: enables curators to create, curate, organize, annotate, and manage highest quality data content including metadata and analytical data. - AstroSearch, AstroRef, AstroPages and AstroVis provide interfaces for users to browse and explore the content of AstroDB, select samples and data that they are interested in, view and browse them, and download them in a useful format. ESIP Winter Meeting Jan 2019, DC AstroRef: Browsing the content of Astromat


Results • Different result patterns between L2 learners and native speakers of Chinese in terms of the Stroop facilitation effect were found. • Critically, Stroop facilitation effect was found in native speakers, but not in L2 Chinese learners in the S-T+ condition. Research questions 1) Can L2 learners of Chinese automatically process tonal information in a similar manner as native speakers during visual word recognition? 2) Does the involvement of the production system impact the processing of tonal information in different ways in L1 and L2 visual word recognition? Chinese tones • Four common lexical tones marked as in ā á ǎ à • Tones serve as a critical part of Chinese phonology • Tones are necessary if learners want to master Chinese as an L2 Automaticity • According to some researchers, if a linguistic feature has been acquired implicitly, it should be processed automatically (e.g., Jiang, 2004). -> This study, thus, explores automatic tonal processing in L2 and L1 during visual word recognition. Automatic tonal processing in L1 Chinese • Li, Lin, Wang, & Jiang (2013) • Native Chinese speakers were tested in a naming Stroop task. • Tonal information is automatically processed in L1 Chinese visual word recognition, so is segmental information (which is similar to vowels and consonants in English). Automatic tonal processing in L2 Chinese • It is understudied. • Li, Wang, Davis, & Guan (2019) reported that L2 learners do not represent and access tones in a comparable manner as the native speakers. However -- • Li et al. (2019) may be insufficient to reflect how L2 tones are represented and accessed because they used the homophone judgement task. • It replies on metalinguistic knowledge to complete the task. • It allows strategic processing. • It is hard even for native speakers of Chinese (Taft & Chen, 1992). Studying L2 tonal processing visual word recognition will reveal -- • How phonological information is represented and/or processed in L2. • The similarities and/or differences in how phonological information is represented and/or processed in L1 and L2. Rongchao Tang1, Naoko Witzel1, Xiaomei Qiao2, & Jia Chen2 1University of Texas at Arlington 2Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Automatic tonal processing in L2 Chinese learners during silent reading Introduction Experiments 1 & 2, Naming Stroop Task Discussion Selected References Acknowledgements Summary of results Contact: rongchao.tang@mavs.uta.edu Design • A button-pushing Stroop task, i.e., press button to indicate the ink color of Chinese characters • A Pinyin identification task • Confirmed that participants have the explicit knowledge of the stimuli • Same six conditions following Exps. 1 & 2 Participants • Experiment 1: 18 native Chinese speakers • Same as Li et al. (2013) • Experiment 2: 27 L2 leaners of Chinese • Passed HSK5 (high proficient L2 Chinese learners) • None of them reported having deficiencies in identifying color. Materials for Experiments 1 & 2 • 20 Chinese monomorphemic characters This study was supported in part by the CoLA Dean’s Award for Research, University of Texas at Arlington,, awarded to first author, Rongchao Tang. • Robust Stroop facilitation effects in the S-T+ conditions for native speakers, but not for L2 learners -> L2 learners cannot automatically process tonal information, while native speakers can. Results Experiments 3 & 4, Button-pushing Stroop Task • Li, C., Lin, C. Y., Wang, M., & Jiang, N. (2013). The activation of segmental and tonal information in visual word recognition. Psychonomic bulletin & review, 20, 773-779. • Li, C., Wang, M., Davis, J., & Guan, C.Q. (2019). The role of segmental and tonal information in visual word recognition with learners of Chinese. Journal of Research in Reading, 42, 213-238. • Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 643-662. • Taft, M., & Chen, H. C. (1992). Judging homophony in Chinese: The influence


CSSI Elements: Development of Assumption-Free Parallel Data Curing Service for Robust Machine Learning and Statistical Predictions PI: In-Ho Cho, Co-PI: Jae-Kwang Kim Institutions: Iowa State University Award #: 1931380 NSF CSSI PI Meeting, Washington D.C., July 25-26, 2022 Grand Challenges Research Objective Proposed Methods Results User-Friendly Service Conclusions • Incomplete data issue is everywhere in broad science and engineering • Theories and methods of missing data curing (called “imputation”) is limited to small data • Naïve imputation may substantially hamper the accurate machine learning (ML) and statistical learning (SL)-based predictions (see Fig below) • Lack of theories and software for large/big incomplete data curing Fig. Positive impact of the proposed data curing method (FHDI) on statistical learning (SL) and ML predictions: Generalized additive model (GAM); Extremely randomized trees (ERT); Artificial neural network (ANN). Root mean square error (RMSE) is shown. • Develop a new community-level large data curing service running on NSF Cyberinfrastructure (XSEDE) and local HPC • No restriction of data sizes, types, high- dimensionality; No distributional assumptions or expert knowledge on data science required • Pursue a purely data-driven imputation by developing the ultra data-oriented parallel fractional hot deck imputation (UP-FHDI) ➤Assumption-Free, General Data Curing; Only Observed Data Are Needed for Imputation (thus, “Hot-deck”) ➤Provide “Cured” large/big data set for convenient subsequent ML and SL Ultra Data-Oriented Parallel Fractional Hot Deck Imputation (UP-FHDI) [Ultra Data: Big-n & Big-p] [Step 1] Parallel Imputation Cell Construction Hybrid Data (Continuous & Categorical) [Step 2] Imputation Cell’s Joint Probability Parallelized Modified EM Algorithm [Step 3] Fractional Hot Deck Imputation Parallelized Donor Selection with KNN [Step 4] Parallel Variance Estimation Parallelized Jackknife & Parallel Linearization [Step 0] Sure Independence Screening (SIS) Selectively Done for big-p (high-dimensional) Data Data: U(size, variables, missing rate) Fig. Scalability of UP-FHDI • Deployment of the UP-FHDI on NSF XSEDE • Graphical User Interface (GUI) for UP-FHDI • Open data sets, examples, and manual videos big-n data big-p data big-n & big-p data • UP-FHDI has been developed for improving prediction accuracy of ML and SL with Ultra incomplete data (up to millions of instances and 10,000 variables) • The program is deployable on NSF XSEDE and local HPC • Serial version R Package FHDI available on CRAN Acknowledgement • PIs work supported by NSF OAC-1931380 • HPC at Iowa State University: Condo supported by NSF MRI grant CNS-1229081 and CRI-1205413; Nova by MRI-1726447 and 2018594 ULTRA DATA Fig. UP-FHDI Can Tackle Three Data Types References of the PIs • Yang et al., 2022, IEEE TKDE (under 2nd review) • Yang et al., 2020, IEEE TKDE • Song et al., 2019, IEEE TKDE • Im et al., 2018, The R Journal Adopted OOOPS (Huang and Liu, 2020) Fig. Average Standard Error Fig. RMSE Synthetic Big-p Data (n=10,000, p=0.1 million, Missing=0.3) with increasing randomness (SD) in data Mean Abs Error GUI-App for UP-FHDI Fig. Accuracy of UP-FHDI Fig. New Variance Est. Method’s Efficiency Test Data Sets


574 Uruguayan savanna 652 Central Anatolian steppe and woodlands 703 Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests 799 Northeast Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests 686 Western European broadleaf forests 664 European Atlantic mixed forests 654 Central European mixed forests 647 Baltic mixed forests 651 Celtic broadleaf forests Study sites Litter decomposition in ponds across a large latitudinal gradient Relation to hydroperiod Decomposition rate (A) and stabilization factor (B) were lower in temporal ponds than in permanent ponds. Ecoregions based on Olson et al. 2001 Conclusions 1. In contrast to soils, the results suggest that ponds favor carbon sequestration. 2. Within the studied latitudinal range, the vegetation land cover might be more relevant than latitudinally climate-related factors 3. The existence of drought periods in temporal ponds limits the decomposition process. 4. Total Phosphorus in water positively correlated with k , showing nutrient influence on decomposition dynamics. References Martín, L.1 *, Pastor, A.1, Cuenca-Cambronero, M.2, Antón-Pardo, M.3, Colina, M.4,5, Dede, C.6, Demierre, E.7, Fahy, J.C.7, Girard, L.8, Greaves, H.9, Lemmens, P.10,11, Meerhoff, M.4,12, Mülayim, E.B.6, Patmore, I.R.9, von Plüskow, L.M.10,11, Wijns, R.10, Brucet, S.2,13, Boix, D.1, Romaní, A.M.1 1GRECO, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Spain; 2Aquatic Ecology Group, University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia, Spain; 3Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Spain; 4Departament of Ecology and Environmental Management, Centro Universitario Regional del Este-Universidad de la República, Uruguay; 5Department of Ecology, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, The Netherlands; 6Limnology Laboratory, Biological Sciences Department, Middle East Technical University, Turkey; 7Ecology and Aquatic Systems Engineering group, HEPIA, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Switzerland; 8Agroecology and Environment Research Unit, France; 9University College London (UCL) Pond Restoration Research Group, Department of Geography, Gower Street, London; 10Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Belgium; 11Leibniz Institute für Gewasserökologie und Binnenfischerei (IGB), Germany; 12Department of Ecosciences, Aarhus University, Denmark; 13ICREA, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Spain Ponds play an important role in the process of plant litter decomposition, contributing to the carbon cycle. Ponds are highly vulnerable to pollution and climate change, which can affect decomposition. The aim of this project was to quantify the potential for microbial litter decomposition rate in ponds along a latitudinal gradient in different ecoregions, to identify the main drivers of its variability by using the Tea Bag Index (TBI), defined by the different decomposition of a labile tea (green tea) and a recalcitrant tea (rooibos). Introduction Relation to latitude We observed contrasting patterns of decomposition parameters across the latitudinal gradient. While k (A) increased with absolute latitude, S (B) decreased. Relation to nutrients We observed a positive correlation between water total phosphorus (TP) and k (A), indicating the influence of nutrients on decomposition dynamics. In contrast, a negative relations between TP and S (B) was observed, but only with marginal significance. k (decomposition rate) proxy to mass- loss rate of plant litter organic mater. S (stabilization factor) refers to the inhibiting effect of environmental conditions on the decomposition. High values indicate increase carbon sequestration potential. A total of 250 ponds were selected, distributed across eight countries compassing nine ecological regions. The ponds were located at varying latitudes and exhibited diverse land-use intensities, including both permanent and intermittent


Putting Everything Together Ruslan Belikov1, Maxwell Moe2, Stephen Bryson1, Lily Zhao3, Jack Lissauer1 1NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 2University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 3Flatiron Institute, New York, NY Folding in Other Effects and Priors Summary • Alpha Centauri AB is a promising system in the search for potentially habitable planets, representing the closest (by a large margin) Sun-like stars to the Solar System. • Planets can and do form around binary stars like Alpha Centauri, and the habitable zones of both stars are stable. However, planet formation around binaries may not be as efficient as around single stars • This work estimates the number of potentially habitable planets around Alpha Centauri AB system as 0.28−0.12 +0.25, but if at least one planet is confirmed, this number can rise to 1.2 −0.3 +0.7. A lot of uncertainty still remains Expected Occurrence Rates and Types of Planets Possible in the Alpha Centauri AB System Occurrence Rates from Kepler (around single and binary stars) Selected References Total expected number of planets [0.5-13 Re, 0-2.5AU] Expected number of Potentially habitable planets [0.5-1.5 Re, Kopparapu et al. 2013 conservative HZ] Combined single+binary occurrence from Kepler (per star) ~ 3 0.40−0.2 +0.5 after correction for binarity (per system, i.e. counting both stars) ~ 2 0.30−0.13 +0.27 after accounting for RV non- detections (both stars) ~ 2 0.28−0.12 +0.25 if NEAR candidate is real, and assuming it does not disrupt HZ (both stars) ~ 8 ~ 1.2 −0.3 +0.7 Ruled out by dynamical stability Ruled out by RV non-detections (note: this region boundary is very uncertain due to mass-radius relationship uncertainty) 1.92aCenBaCenA Caveat: due to numerous uncertainties, and evolving understanding of various effects, the above numbers are continuing to evolve a Cen AB Kraus et al. 2016: Moe and Kratter, 2020: Howell et al. 2021 a Cen AB Suppression factor ~0.3 Suppression factor ~0.25−0.10 +0.15 Due to observation bias against binaries, suppression factor estimates may be too aggressive hearth(aCenA) ~ hearth(aCenB) ~ 0.40−0.2 +0.5 x 1.44−0.12 +0.12 x 0.25−0.1 +0.15 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟓−𝟎.𝟎𝟗 +𝟎.𝟏𝟗 Conservative HZ single+binary hearth Conversion to single- star hearth Binary suppression hearth(aCenAB) ~ hearth(aCenA) + hearth(aCenA) = 𝟎. 𝟑𝟎−𝟎.𝟏𝟑 +𝟎.𝟐𝟕 Alpha Centauri contains the closest (by a large margin) Sun-like stars to the Solar system Interest in observing aCen planets is mounting, e.g.: • VLT / NEAR (thermal IR direct imaging, Wagner et al. 2020) • JWST / MIRI (F1550C, 15.5mm, Beichman et al. 2020) • ALMA (astrometry, Akeson et al. 2020) • Toliman (astrometry w/ small space telescope, Bendek et al., Tuthill et al., ) • Window is opening for new RV observations due to increasing separation • Work is on-going to enable aCenAB direct imaging on Roman, IR/O/UV mission (Belikov et al., Bendek et al.) • 2021 Breakthrough Discuss conference was dedicated to Alpha Centauri: https://breakthroughinitiatives.org/initiative/5/discuss2021) MSWC Simulation SNWC Lab Demo : 1.4RE in HZ of aCenB (Gibbous phase) : 7RE @1.1AU, aCenA (quadrature) SAG13 (2016) Dulz et al. 2020 Bryson et al. 2021 • Meta-analysis of Kepler occurrence rates as of 2016 • Extended SAG13 to larger periods • Used for LUVOIR / HabEx yields • Latest / final analysis by Kepler team • Accounts for updated stellar radii, reliability, etc. • Treats occurrence rates in terms of instellation flux instead of period SAG13 / Dulz et al Bryson, low extrapolation Bryson, high extrapolation Conservative Kopparapu HZ, 0.5-1.5 Re 0.40−0.14 +0.48 𝟎. 𝟑𝟕−𝟎.𝟐𝟏 +𝟎.𝟒𝟖 0.60−0.36 +0.90 Optimistic Kopparapu HZ, 0.5-1.5 Re 0.58−0.2 +0.7 0.58−0.33 +0.73 0.88−0.51 +1.28 Wagner et al. 2020 R ~ 3.3 – 7 Re Maxwell Moe • If C1 is a real planet, then the suppression factor may not apply (or not as strongly) – aCenAB occurrence rates may become similar to single stars. • However, because C1 is in the HZ, it will “carve out” some of the HZ, leaving less space for rocky HZ


Introduction Queen Conch (Strombus gigas) are herbivorous gastropod mollusks; they live in shallow waters, and are commonly found in sand and sea grass substrates. They are significant to the Bahamas for a multitude of reasons. Economically, conch are important because they are the second largest fishery in the Bahamas (Danylchuck, 2003) . Queen conch are ecologically important because they keep the balance in the food chain by eating algae, and are a prey source for a variety of predators. Socially, conch are a symbol of Bahamian culture and a major food source. Despite their significance, conch populations have declined in recent years due to overfishing, degradation of sea grass beds, water pollution, and a lack of regulatory fishing mechanisms (Turnquest, 2012). Past studies comparing the population density of a marine protected area (MPA) and an unprotected area have shown that the density in the MPA is higher than the unprotected area (Stoner and Ray 1996). Previous Island School semesters have shown that there is good nursery habitat right off the cape in South Eleuthera, and the area is currently part of the proposed MPA. While conch juveniles settle in South Eleuthera, we are less aware of the abundance of adults. Queen conch are a density-dependent species, because of their internal fertilization, slow movement, and sex ratio of 1:1 (Stoner et al.2, 2012). In other words, they can only reproduce at a certain density. Therefore, if less than 47 individuals are present in a hectare (ha) there is little chance of reproduction occurring (Stoner et al. 1, 2012). In addition, conch reach sexual maturity after four years; this elongated process of sexual maturity adds to their decline because they cannot reproduce quickly. Methods Our research was conducted in and around the proposed MPA boundaries in Cape Eleuthera, Bahamas. Our methods were consistent with those of Stoner and Ray (1996). We conducted transects (1000m x 6m) based off of systematically randomized coordinates on a GPS (Fig. 1). Two snorkelers were towed behind a boat (Fig. 2), and signaled the presence and age of conch with hand signals, which were recorded by students on the boat (Fig. 3). Depth, time, and bottom type were also recorded. Some collected conch were brought back to the lab and measured (Fig. 4). Results A total of 114 queen conch were seen in 25 transects run in Cape Eleuthera, the Bahamas. The mean number of sub adults/ha were higher than the means of both the adults and juveniles/ha (Fig. 5). The highest densities of queen conch were observed in the western half of the proposed MPA grounds, reaching a maximum of 400 individual conch/ha(Fig. 6). However, despite this high number of conch, there were 12 transects where no conch were seen at all. 91% of the hectares observed did not have enough adult conch for reproduction. In addition, the highest densities of conch observed were in macroalgae substrates, not in sand and seagrass substrates. There was a mean of <1 adult conch/ha in sand substrates and there was a mean of 18 adult conch/ha in macroalgae substrates (Fig. 7). Discussion Our first hypothesis was that in the proposed MPA there would not be enough adult conch/ ha. for reproduction to occur. We formulated this hypothesis because it takes more than 47 conch/ha. for reproduction (Stoner et al. 1, 2012), and we think that density will be too low due to overfishing. 91% of the transects run (SP 12 and FA 12 data) did not have enough adults for reproduction, supporting our first hypothesis. Our second hypothesis was that we would find most adult conch in sandy substrates near reefs, because previous studies in the Caribbean found that adult conch use reefs in sand substrates for protection (Glazer and Kidney, 2004). We determined that most of the adult conch in South Eleuthera were found in macroalgae and seagrass substrates, rejecting our second hypothesis. We would like to suggest revising the boundaries of the proposed MPA here in Sout


g LeptOspirose bei Rindern in Niederösterreich (LORN) Ein gezielter Ansatz zur Verbesserung der Veterinärdiagnostik und zur Verhinderung einer beruflichen Exposition gegenüber Zoonosen Cynthia Sohm1,2,3, Clair L. Firth2, Thomas Wittek3, Romana Steinparzer4, Amélie Desvars-Larrive1,2,5 1 VetFarm der Veterinärmedizinischen Universität Wien, 2563 Pottenstein, Österreich 2 Abteilung für Öffentliches Veterinärwesen und Epidemiologie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, 1210 Wien, Österreich 3 Universitätsklinik für Wiederkäuer, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, 1210 Wien, Österreich 4 Institut für veterinärmedizinische Untersuchungen, Österreichische Agentur für Gesundheit- und Ernährungssicherheit (AGES), 2340 Mödling, Österreich 5 Complexity Science Hub Vienna, 1080 Wien, Österreich Dieses Projekt wird durch das Land Niederösterreich gefördert. . Kontakt Cynthia Sohm (Doktorandin): Cynthia.sohm@vetmeduni.ac.at Acknowledgements • Leptospiren sind zoonotische Bakterien (Familie Spirochäten). • Leptospirose gilt in Europa als "(re-)emerging disease" [1]. • Die Übertragung der Leptospiren auf Mensch und Tier erfolgt zumeist durch den direkten Kontakt mit Urin oder Abortmaterial infizierter Tiere, oder indirekten Kontakt mit kontaminierter Umwelt. • Landwirt/innen, Jäger/innen und Tierärzt/innen haben ein höheres Infektionsrisiko als die restliche Bevölkerung [2,3]. • Rinder gelten als Reservoir des Serovars Hardjo, das am häufigsten zu chronischen Fruchtbarkeitsstörungen führt (Abb. 1). Eine Zirkulation von Leptospiren in der Herde könnte daher mit direkten und indirekten finanziellen Verlusten verbunden sein. • Über die Leptospirose bei Rindern in Österreich gibt es wenige Daten. • Die serologische Antikörper-Diagnostik stützt sich in Österreich auf „fremde“ Referenzstämme, obwohl die Weltgesundheitsorganisation WHO die Verwendung lokal isolierter Stämme zur Erhöhung der Empfindlichkeit des Tests nachdrücklich empfiehlt [4]. • Ziel des LORN Projekts ist es, regional pathogene Leptospiren-Stämme in Niederösterreich von infizierten Rindern in Betrieben und Schlachthöfen zu isolieren und die Sensitivität der serologischen Routinediagnostik für Mensch und Tier zu verbessern. • Zudem wird diese Studie auch ein verbessertes Verständnis der Prävalenz und der lokalen Epidemiologie dieser Zoonose in Niederösterreich ermöglichen. Bei Rindern verursachen Leptospiren häufig einen Milchleistungsverlust, der mit Fieber und Mastitis einhergehen kann. Die wichtigste Auswirkung hat eine Leptospiren- Infektion auf die Fruchtbarkeit: Sie senkt die Trächtigkeitsraten und erhöht die Abortrate. Der Abort erfolgt in der Regel 6-12 Wochen nach der Erstinfektion. In Herden, die sich zum ersten Mal mit der Krankheit anstecken, können bis zu 30 % der Tiere verwerfen. Bei chronisch infizierten Herden kann es zu einer Abortrate von bis zu 5 % kommen. Leptospiren siedeln sich in den Nieren an und vermehren sich auch dort. Verdächtige Tiere Schlachtkörper Nierengewebe Harn Datenübertragung und Analyse Gezielte Probenahme Max. 2 Stunden Max. 2 Stunden Max. 2-6 Stunden Genehmigung der Ethikkommission Inokulation in Kulturmedium (Feld) Isolierte lokale Leptospira Stämme Inokulation in Kulturmedium (Labor) PCR und Sequenzierung Phylogenie Genomdaten veröffentlichen • Wird zur Diagnose verwendet • Auf Anfrage geteilt (Labor, Universitäten) Schlachthof Niederösterreich Abb. 1: Typische Symptome der Leptospirose (Serovar Hardjo) bei Rindern. Teilnehmende niederösterreichische Tierärzte Problem Ziel PCR und Sequenzierung • Gezielte Probennahme: Nierengewebe und/oder Urinproben werden von: a) routinemäßig geschlachteten Rindern in niederösterreichischen Schlachthöfen, die als besonders infektionsgefährdet gelten (ermittelt durch statistische Auswertung serologischer Daten und Literaturrecherche) und b) Rindern in niederösterreichischen landwirtschaftlichen Betrieben, welche Symptome von Leptospirose zeigen, entnommen. • Genetik: Die Proben werden mittels PCR ges


MICRO-CT ANALYSIS APPLIED TO LIME MORTARS FOR DAMAGE ASSESSMENT DUE TO ACCELERATED WEATHERING C&E RESEARCH GROUP Dulce Elizabeth Valdez Madrid*, Nele De Belie, Veerle Cnudde Introduction Weathering of construction materials is one of the main causes for building deterioration and failure. Amongst some of the most important factors contributing to this outcome is the presence of salts in the system and their crystallization/dissolution behavior during ageing. These salts occupy the space within the pore network of the materials and manifests itself only once some damage has already been caused. It is of outmost importance to develop efficient methods for testing, evaluating and development of damage prediction of this phenomena to obtain better and more durable materials. Research questions – Can lime-based mortars show any representative damage due to salt damage? – Is it possible to assess and quantify damage caused by salt crystallization and weathering inside the porous media in a non- destructive manner? – Can a lab-based protocol imitate real life weathering damage without destroying the samples? Experimental conditions Six lime-cement mortars were tested for NaCl weathering by comparing two different contamination and propagation of damage regimes. These regimes consist of cycles of temperature and relative humidity variations followed by rewetting steps with water. Contact dulceelizabeth.valdezmadrid@ugent.be https://pprogress.ugent.be/index.php Universiteit Gent @ugent https://www.linkedin.com/in/dulzabeth/ Methodology For the non-destructive damage assessment, high resolution X-ray micro-computer tomography will be used as a non-traditional characterization technique before and after weathering [Fig. 1]. Weathering by salt damage tests were performed under similar experimental conditions to assess the impact of water and the length of temperature and relative humidity samples on the durability of the mortars. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Marie Sklodowska-Curie project SUBLime [Grant Agreement n.º 955986]. 150.00 155.00 160.00 165.00 170.00 175.00 180.00 185.00 190.00 Weight (grams) 1:0:3 4:1:15 2:1:9 1:1:6 1:2:9 0:1:3 CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2 CYCLE 3ContaminationDryingWeatheringRewettingDryingWeatheringRewettingDrying Weathering 150.00 155.00 160.00 165.00 170.00 175.00 180.00 185.00 190.00 195.00 Weight (grams 1:0:3 4:1:15 2:1:9 1:1:6 1:2:9 0:1:3 CYCLE 1 CYCLE 2 CYCLE 3 CYCLE 4ContaminationDryingWeatheringRewettingDryingWeatheringRewetting WeatheringRewettingDrying WeatheringDrying Figure 3. Test 2 photographic documentation and weight monitoring results expressed in grams. Lower mass fluctuations and final mass gains are observed by the end of the 4th cycle (Fig. 5). Figure 2. Test 1 photographic documentation and weight monitoring results expressed in grams. Significant mass gains are observed by the end of the 3rd cycle (Fig. 5). 0.29 0.17 0.36 0.51 0.36 0.00 0.05 0.11 0.15 0.07 0.02 0.01 1.72 3.40 2.39 2.27 2.58 2.51 0.30 0.29 0.36 0.42 0.50 0.33 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 1:0:3-1 4:1:15-1 2:1:9-1 1:1:6-1 1:2:9-1 0:1:3-1 1:0:3-2 4:1:15-2 2:1:9-2 1:1:6-2 1:2:9-2 0:1:3-2 Relative difference of masses before and after testing (%) Debris (%) TEST 1 TEST 2 Figure 5. Final relative mass differences obtained before and after weathering (light blue), including final mass of total resulting debris (dark blue). DIFFERENCE IN MASS BEFORE AND AFTER TESTING Accelerated weathering There are currently some protocols and recommendations to test materials’ performance towards salt crystallization. Nevertheless, these are mainly focused on rocks, bricks and masonry units, aiming towards failure. This research intends to propose a more suitable protocol for mortars that allows for the characterization of the salt crystallization and its products in a more reliable and quantifiable manner, based on the RILEM TC ASC-271 recommendations. After 4th cycle Initial s


Reduced numerical precision in data storage for weather and climate simulations Peter Düben, Martin Leutbecher, Linus Magnusson European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts; Contact: peter.dueben@ecmwf.int 1. Introduction: Data storage generates significant cost for weather and climate modelling. If precision in data storage can be reduced with no reduction in information content, we can reduce data volume and store more fields more frequently at the same cost. We investigate how a reduction in precision will influence data quality for weather and climate simulations. We focus on the reduction of data volume for ensemble forecasts. A single operational ensemble forecast at ECMWF generates 11 terabytes of data. 2. GRIB data format: GRIB is a standard data format for output of weather and climate models. Here, real numbers are stored as scaled integers: The maximal and minimal value of a field are identified and the space in between is divided into 2n equidistant numbers where n is the number of bits that is used to store field values (n=16 in standard model output). 3. Climate runs: We have reduced precision for model output of climate simulations and evaluated the impact on several diagnostics. If we half precision to n=8 bits we see only very small significant changes. The evaluation of blocking frequency at reduced precision for IFS model data (cycle 43R1) is presented in the figure below as an example. 5. Two new methods to achieve a stronger reduction in precision in ensemble simulations: Method 1: Reduced Mean. Global fields can vary significantly over the globe. → If we store perturbations from the ensemble mean instead of absolute fields, the max-min distance is greatly reduced. → Precision can be reduced stronger for data storage of ensemble members (50 at ECMWF). However, we need to store the ensemble mean as an additional field. See error plots below. Method 2: Reduced spread. Ensemble spread and predictability can vary significantly over the globe. → We should store data values as normalized perturbations against ensemble spread. → We calculate and store the minimal value (mi) and the ensemble spread (si) at each grid point (two fields) and store a field value vi as: vi‘=(vi−mi)/si. This method links precision of data to predictability. → Rounding errors will be large if ensemble spread is large and model values are uncertain. See errors plots above. 6. Conclusion: To reduce precision in order to reduce data volume for both weather and climate model output appears to be a promising approach. Different model fields should be stored at different precision levels and precision in storage may be reduced as model errors grow with forecast lead time. If the ensemble mean and ensemble standard deviation is used to normalise ensemble data, numerical precision can be reduced much stronger, keeping precision high at the beginning of the forecast where it is needed most. 4. Ensemble weather forecasts: We have reduced precision for model output of ensemble weather forecasts and investigated the influence on Continuous Ranked Probability Scores for different model quantities (Z, T, u, and v) and locations (southern and northern extra-tropics and tropics). Differences are hardly significant if we store data with n=12 bits. If precision is reduced stronger, the minimal precision level that should be used can be different for different locations and model quantities. The impact of a precision reduction is smaller towards the end of the forecast.


www.didip.eu @DiDip_ERC Digital contributions to a 300 years old methodology: Diplomatics & DH Computer vision approaches for diplomatics: ground truth of a random selection of 1000 charters from the Monasterium.net corpus reformulating layout analysis as an object detection problem instead of the typical image segmentation approach defined a group of visual elements of charters in 11 different classes of interest in our future studies: "Seal", "Writable Area", "Ornament", "Old Text", “Old Note”, "Neww Text", “Neww Other”, “Fold” (i.e. Plica), “Calibration Card”, “No Class” and “Ignore” Daniel Luger, Anguelos Nicolaou, Georg Vogeler, Franziska Decker, Tamás Kovács, Florian Atzenhofer-Baumgartner, Florian Lamminger, Sandy Aoun {forename.surname}@uni-graz.at Preliminary results: We annotated 1000 charters with all these 11 classes within 40 hours and trained an object detection model with similar bounding boxx regressors:  between 97% and 70% accuracyy depending on the class at a 50% intersection over union (IoU) threshold  Diplomatics = the search for characteristic features of groups of charters, information on their historical context, and for a certain chanceryy practice (“Kanzleimäßigkeit”) The problem:  number of 14th and 15th centuryy documents in Central and Southern Europe is beyond the capacityy of a single researcher: e.g. Monasterium.net contains over 600,000 charters from all over Europe (majorlyy Germany, Italyy, Austria, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Hungaryy)  Manual detection of charter features for datasets this large is not possible! Screenshot from Monasterium.net as of May 28th 2023 Object detection and other computational methods may revolutionize the study of late medieval charters! possible concrete research questions: ? influences of public notaries on the authentication of charters in the late Middle Ages (Weileder 2019) ? spread of humanistic charter script in the European context and an analysis of the humanistic networks behind it (Luger 2016) References: Luger, Daniel. Humanismus und Humanistische Schrift in der Kanzlei Kaiser Friedrichs III. (1440-1493). Vol. 60. MIÖG Erg. Bd. Wien u.a.: Böhlau, 2016. Weileder, Magdalena. Spätmittelalterliche Notarsurkunden: Prokuratorien, beglaubigte Abschriften und Delegatenurkunden aus bayerischen und österreichischen Beständen. Vol. 18. Archiv für Diplomatik. Beiheft. Köln, Wien: Böhlau, 2019. Screenshot of a charter annotated in FRAT (Fast Rectangle Annotation Tool)


Antineutrino Energy [MeV] 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 0.5 1 1.5 ] -1 MeV -3 ) [10 e ν → ) µ ( µ ν ( osc P × φ 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 Oscillation Probability e ν → ) π ( µ ν (cp) = 0 δ /2 π (cp) = δ π (cp) = δ /2 π (cp) = 3 δ ν / ν CP-Violation Framework Exploiting π Decay at Rest F. Pessina* [PUC (Rio de Janeiro BR)], M. Grassi** [APC/CNRS (Paris FR)] A. Cabrera [APC/CNRS (Paris FR) & LNCA (Chooz FR)], S. Dusini [INFN (Padova IT)], H. Nunokawa [PUC (Rio de Janeiro BR)], F. Suekane [Tohoku U. (Sendai JP)] (Anti)Neutrino Energy [MeV] 0 10 20 30 40 50 ] -1 dN/dE [MeV 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 3 − 10 × Neutrino energy (MeV) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Cross section (10–38 cm2) 10–7 10–6 10–5 10–4 10–3 10–2 10–1 1 10 102 cohNC-p IBD νe-e νx-e νe-e νx-e NC-12C νe-12C νe-12C NC-16O νe-16O νe-16O cohNC-40Ar νe-40Ar νe-40Ar NC-ν-208Pb NC-ν-208Pb νe-208Pb Neutrino Detection Neutrino Interaction Neutrino Production & Oscillation Open Questions in Neutrino Physics Why yet another neutrino CP violation experiment ? Analysis Methods Results: Sensitivity to CP Violation Loading Fraction ) η Number of Interactions at 30 MeV ( 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 osc P × σ × targets N = n Neutrino Antineutrino Loading [g(Pb)/kg(LS)] 10 0.01 20 0.02 50 0.05 100 0.10 200 0.20 500 0.50 Exploit Charged-Current Quasi-Elastic interactions yielding positrons and electrons in the ﬁnal state Antineutrino: Inverse beta decay (IBD) on liquid scintillator H Neutrino: element with cross-section larger than IBD to be loaded into liquid scintillator. Eg Lead Sensitivity via χ2 analysis Main external uncertainty: sin2(θ23) = 0.5 ± 0.04 [3] ✤Implemented via pull parameter Different exposures studied through a scale factor B ✤Detector efﬁciency (assumed 100%) scanned via B Near Detector foreseen to investigate ✤Beam-on backgrounds (intrinsic neutrino contamination) ✤Flux normalization through 12C(v,v)12C* reaction ✤Cross-section of the element X loaded into liquid scintillator, normalized to IBD: σ(ν Χ)/σ(v p) ✤If σ(ν Χ) was suppressed (eg. Pb), use 12C charged-current interactions to bridge X and IBD Expected to be leading systematic uncertainty ✤Accounted for through parameter η ✤Scan both η central value and uncertainty References & Acknowledgments Past proposals to investigate CP violation in the neutrino sector aimed at exploiting oscillation-induced distortions in the ve appearance spectrum at multiple baselines, with either a decay-in- ﬂight (HH) [5] or a decay-at-rest [6] neutrino source. The left plot shows how our approach yields better sensitivity in the case of a single-baseline detector, and the expected improvement in the case of a multiple-baseline conﬁguration. Beyond CP Violation Pb allows to tag neutral current interactions thanks to neutron emission ▶ Use CC & NC to constrain non-standard v interactions. In case of Supernova burst, clear detection of ve, ve, vx [1] Bolozdynya at al, Arxiv 1211.5199 [2] Scholberg, Annu. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 62 (2012), 81 [3] Capozzi et al, PRD D 95 (2017), 096014 [4] https://europeanspallationsource.se/technology [5] Minakata, Nunokawa PLB 413 (1997), 369 [6] Conrad et al, PRL 104 (2010), 141802 MG acknowledges support by the Marie Curie Research Grants Scheme, grant 707918. FP supported by CnPq and CAPES. *frcs.pessina@aluno.puc-rio.br,**marco.grassi@apc.in2p3.fr ⇡+ ! µ+ + ⌫(⇡) µ µ+ ! e+ + ⌫(µ) e + ¯⌫(µ) µ ⇡−! µ−+ ¯⌫(⇡) µ µ−! e−+ ¯⌫(µ) e + ⌫(µ) µ Accelerated protons hitting target produce pions. Pion decay (τ~28ns) results in mono energetic neutrino emission. Subsequent muon decay (2.2 μs) results in neutrino spectra characterized by 52.8 MeV endpoint. Distance source-detector L=16km (ﬁrst maximum) Look for appearance of electron (anti)neutrinos from π+ decay chain: %CRVWTGF D[VCTIGV Neutrino: counting analysis (“rate” analysis) Antineutrino: rate & shape analysis v OSCILLATION + ⌫(⇡) µ ¯⌫(µ) µ ⌫(µ) e FLAVOR SOURCE ⌫(⇡) µ ! ⌫e ¯⌫(µ) µ ! ¯⌫e Loading fraction in terms of η = ¯⌫e + p ! e+ + n 208Bi⇤! 208−YBi + Xγ + Yn ⌫e +208Pb ! 208


H2020 -731016 The AENEAS (Advanced European Network of E-infrastructures for Astronomy with the SKA) project has been funded in the Horizon 2020 Work Programme call “Research and Innovation Actions for International Co-operation on high-end e-infrastructure requirements” supporting the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). The SKA is an ambitious project to construct the world’s largest radio telescope and enable transformational science and discoveries impossible with current facilities. Built over two sites in Australia and Africa, it will, when complete, provide over a million square metres of collecting area through many thousands of connected radio antennas. The SKA is currently foreseen to be constructed in two phases. By adopting a phased rollout, more developed technologies will be utilized early on in the project to secure the first wave of scientific discoveries at the earliest opportunity and then upgraded with new technology currently under development during the second phase. Together with other countries in the world, European member states are leading partners in the construction. The scientific potential of the forthcoming SKA radio telescope is simply unprecedented and represents one of the highest priorities for the international scientific community in the coming decade. By the same token, the large scale, rate, and complexity of data the SKA will generate present challenges in data management, computing, and networking that are similarly world-leading. Like the SKA itself, a coordinated, global effort will be required to solve these challenges and fully realize the ground-breaking scientific potential of the project. The next few years will be crucial in preparing to support this first SKA science. Based on current projections, it is expected to produce an archive of standard data products with a growth rate on the order of 50—300 petabytes per year. Although the challenges associated with populating and maintaining the SKA science archive are already impressive, these data products actually represent only the first part of the full science extraction chain. Further processing and subsequent science extraction by the community will require a significant research infrastructure providing capacity in networking, storage, computing, and expertise. The AENEAS project represents an opportunity to pursue the design, deployment, and operation of the necessary research infrastructure for SKA science at a European level and in close coordination with the SKA project, the host countries, and other international partners. Ultimately, our ambition is to ensure the astronomy community has the resources it will need to achieve the truly transformational science potential of the SKA. The SKA has been widely identified as one of the major “Big Data” challenges for the next decade. The technical challenges in computing, storage, networking, and analytics required to deploy a research infrastructure capable of supporting European SKA science are also attractive to the IT community, and have much wider applicability both within an academic but also commercial context. A distributed and federated European SRC, therefore, can provide a platform for a European and nationally focused partnership with industry for the continued development of these core technologies and hence a clear route to delivering impact and return. The ultimate objective of the AENEAS project is to develop a concept and design for a distributed, federated European Science Data Centre (ESDC) to support the astronomical community in achieving the scientific goals of the SKA. This design must include the functionality required by the scientific community to enable the extraction of SKA science and integrate the necessary underlying infrastructure not currently provided as part of the SKA Observatory to support that extraction. Taken all together, the European contribution to the SKA design and construction phase represents a large fraction of the total project, and th


Understanding the Dominance Hierarchy of North American Feeder Birds Eliot T Miller David N. Bonter Charles Eldermire Benjamin G. Freeman Emma I. Greig Luke J. Harmon Wesley M. Hochachka Unlike many organisms, for which competition must be inferred, birds sometimes compete in dramatic, readily quantified ways. Birds at feeders are a good example. * Are the outcomes of these interspecific aggressions predictable? * Can feeder birds be put into a linear dominace hierarchy? * What predicts dominace between these species? ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● Merlin Black Vulture Black−billed Magpie Northwestern Crow Pileated Woodpecker Boat−tailed Grackle Yellow−bellied Sapsucker Western Scrub−Jay American Crow Turkey Vulture Mallard Ring−necked Pheasant Fox Sparrow Eurasian Collared−Dove Evening Grosbeak Band−tailed Pigeon Palm Warbler Red Crossbill Gray−crowned Rosy−Finch Canyon Towhee Varied Thrush Black−crested Titmouse Eastern Phoebe Oak Titmouse Northern Mockingbird Common Grackle Red−bellied Woodpecker Northern Flicker Red−headed Woodpecker European Starling Blue Jay Hairy Woodpecker Red−winged Blackbird American Robin Baltimore Oriole Western Tanager yaJ s'relletS Brown−headed Cowbird Eastern Towhee Gray Catbird Mourning Dove Pine Grosbeak Northern Cardinal Eastern Bluebird White−throated Sparrow Song Sparrow Downy Woodpecker White−crowned Sparrow House Sparrow Yellow−rumped Warbler Spotted Towhee House Finch Chipping Sparrow White−breasted Nuthatch Carolina Wren Red−breasted Nuthatch Pine Warbler Dark−eyed Junco Pine Siskin Purple Finch American Tree Sparrow American Goldfinch Common Redpoll Tufted Titmouse Bushtit Black−capped Chickadee Carolina Chickadee Lesser Goldfinch Chestnut−backed Chickadee White−winged Dove Brown Thrasher Golden−crowned Sparrow California Towhee Swamp Sparrow Orange−crowned Warbler Carolina:Black−capped Chickadee Brown Creeper Mountain Chickadee Ruby−crowned Kinglet hcniF s'nissa C Brown−headed Nuthatch Boreal Chickadee Hermit Thrush Sharp−tailed Grouse Wood Duck Last year we harnessed the power of citizen scientists, participants in Project FeederWatch, to address these questions. This pilot effort, run externally, still received over 2,000 submissions. This coming season the project will be integrated directly into FeederWatch, and we anticipate much greater participation. Find out more at http:// eliotmiller.weebly.com/feederwatch-interactions The vast majority (99%) of interactions between three species are transitive. However, there are some notable three-species intransitive (cyclic) relationships, and a number of larger cycles. This makes assigning species to a linear dominance hierarchy somewhat difficult. Still, there are few instances where inferred subordinate species displaced inferred dominant species (red lines to right). Much of the variance (~35%) in rank is explained by body mass, with some notable phylogenetic influences: woodpeckers are more dominant than expected based on body mass, while parids are less dominant than expected. Downy Woodpecker White-breasted Nuthatch Red-breasted Nuthatch Example of a cyclic (intransitive) triad Email: eliot.isaac@gmail.com Twitter: @EliotITMiller House Sparrow Blue Jay Downy Woodpecker European Starling Northern Cardinal House Finch Dark-eyed Junco American Goldfinch Mallard Ring-necked Pheasant Tufted Titmouse Common Grackle Red-winged Blackbird Mourning Dove Frequency of interaction Rare Frequent Aggressive interactions may shape species' distributions. Can we predict the direction of these interactions? Sharp−tailed Grouse Ring−necked Pheasant Mallard Wood Duck Merlin Eastern Phoebe Western Scrub−Jay Blue Jay yaJ s'relletS American Crow Northwestern Crow Black−billed Magpie Oak Titmouse Tufted Titmouse Black−crested Titmouse Carolina Chickadee Black−capped Chickadee Carolina:Black−capped Chickadee Mountain C


New Research Opportunities by Open Data Open Source GIS meets the DWD Open Data Portal Dr. Peter Löwe, DIW Berlin (ploewe@diw.de) Mario Hafer, DWD (mario.hafer@dwd.de) • INSPIRE (Infrastructure for Spatial Information in the European Community) is an EU initiative to establish an infrastructure for spatial information in Europe to make spatial information more accessible and interoperable for a wide range of purposes supporting sustainable development. • In parallel, the number of freely available geospatial open source software tools to derive information from spatial data sources continues to grow. • The combination of these two developments has created a critical mass of research opportunities for (citizen) scientists within and beyond Europe. Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD) is the German Meteorological Service based in Offenbach am Main. Basic charges are to monitor weather and meteorological conditions across Germany and to provide weather services for the general public and for nautical, aviation, agricultural and hydrological purposes. It is governed by the Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure. Principal tasks include warning on weather-related hazards as well as monitoring and accessing climate variability and trends affecting Germany. DWD operates its own numerical weather prediction model suite on its supercomputer and a network of 17 C-Band weather radars for reliable weather forecasts. DWD also manages the national climate archive and one of the largest libraries dedicated to weather and climate worldwide. SELECTED REFERENCES • Metereological data is a valuable ressource for near-real time and retrospective analysis • Measuring, archiving, provision and analysis of streams of metereological data, which continue to grow in volume, variety and velocity, require reliable digital infrastructures. • European initiatives ensure open access to publicly funded geospatial data for citizens, science and education. • Open source software tools opens up new opportunities for innovation in science, education and commerce. • 4D Data Visualisation and Quality Control: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1422359 • SAWS MaxCAPPI / CFAD video: DOI:10.5281/zenodo.1418432 • SAWS CFADT video: DOI:10.5281/zenodo.1288304 • SAWS Space Tine Cube video: DOI:10.5281/zenodo.1415411 • Methoden der Künstlichen Intelligenz in Radarmeteorologie und Bodenerosionsforschung (urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-7594) • DISSIX: DOI:10.5281/zenodo.1164724 Radar-based Precipitation Climatology of DWD: • 10.5676/DWD/RADKLIM_RW_V2016.003 (gauge-adjusted one-hour precipitation sum) • 10.5676/DWD/RADKLIM_RW_V2017.002 (gauge-adjusted one-hour precipitation sum) • 10.5676/DWD/RADKLIM_YW_V2017.002 (quasi gauge-adjusted five-minute precipitation rate) Das DIW Berlin ist Mitglied der www.diw.de | Oktober 2018 MOTIVATION CONCLUSIONS Deutscher Wetterdienst New Opportunities Stakeholders The German Institute for Economic Research (Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung) or more commonly DIW Berlin is one of the leading economic research institutes in Germany. It is an independent, non-profit academic institution which is involved in basic research and policy advice. DIW Berlin presents its research results in science journals, within the scope of national and international scientific events as well as at workshops, symposia and colloquia. Current economic and structural data, forecasts and advice as well as services in the area of quantitative economics are provided to decision makers in economics and policy and the broad public. DIW Berlin endues a target group specific range of publications, events and data sources. DIW is committed to the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) paradigm to enable Open Science and is a signatory of the Enabling FAIR Data commitment statement. The Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo) is a non-profit non- governmental organization whose mission is to support and promote the collaborative development of open ge


Medienbruchfreie Digitalisierung: Vom Gesetzestext zur digitalisierten Leistung in der öffentlichen Verwaltung HERAUSFORDERUNGEN BEITRÄGE ANSATZ Prof. Dr. Birgitta König-Ries, Universität Jena Dr. Frank Löffler, Universität Jena Marianne Mauch, Universität Jena Leila Feddoul, Universität Jena Sarah T. Bachinger, Universität Jena Max Raupach, Universität Jena Hannes Legner, Universität Jena Suresh Kumar Bonagiri, Universität Jena Robin Erd, Universität Jena Friedrich Tydecks, Universität Jena Balaramakrishna Paritala, Universität Jena Denys Forshayt, Universität Jena Norman Klewer, Universität Jena Pirmin Karg, Universität Jena Philipp Bornheimer, Universität Jena Daniela Erhardt, Stadtverwaltung Jena Sebastian Apel, Stadtverwaltung Jena Dr. Sirko Schindler, DLR e.V. Dr. Clemens Alexander Brust, DLR e.V. Tim Fritzsche, DLR e.V. Dr. Felicitas Löffler, Thüringer Finanzministerium Prof. Dr. Sina Zarrieß, Universität Bielefeld Clara Lachenmaier, Universität Bielefeld Jörg Schröder, BFPI GmbH Prof. Dr. Antje Dietrich, Hochschule Kehl Dr. Naouel Karam, InfAI Infinity GmbH Stephan Löbel, Stein Hardenberg Institut Dr. Tilo Wend, betterlaw Knowledge Tools Automation GmbH Kontakt: Marianne Mauch Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Institut für Informatik Leutragraben 1, Raum 18N03/04 07743 Jena Schreiben Sie uns unter: opendva@uni-jena.de Website Twitter E-Mail Arbeitsgruppe offenes Design digitaler Verwaltungsarchitekturen (openDVA) Gefördert durch:openDVA VISION Fehlender Zugang zu notwendigen Informationen Hochkomplexe föderale IT-Landschaft Divergierende Interessen von Dienstleistern Mangelnde Flexibilität in Verwaltungsleistungen Dokumentation / Modellierung von Wissen zu Normen, Dienste und zuständigen Behörden Umsetzung von Verwaltungsleistungen (jenArbeit) Erweiterung des FIM-Standards / Referenzarchitektur Rechtstexte als Basis für Verwaltungsprozesse Identifizierung von Prozesselementen (Akteure, Aktivitäten, usw.) Annotationsunterstützung durch NLP Ziel: Formale Beschreibung von Verwaltungsprozesse Verschiedene Datenaustauschformate wie XOEV, FIM-Artefakte oder E-Akte Formale Beschreibungen von FIM (Leistung, Prozess, Datenfelder) und Entscheidungen (Rule Mapping) Ziel: Maschinenlesbare Artifakte als Basis für semantische Beschreibungen Wiederverwendbare Basisdienste wie Authentifizierung und Bezahlung Nahtlose Integration mit anderen beteiligten Systemen Ziel: Medienbruchfreie Digitalisierung und bürgerfreundliche, intelligente Automatisierung Rechtstextanalyse Formale Beschreibung Digitale Verwaltungsleistung Analyse Low- / No-Code Gemeinsame, verknüpfte Terminologien Ontologie GerPS-onto für Beschreibung von Verwaltungsprozessen (Verknüpfung bestehender Terminologien (E-Gov Core Vocabularies [1] und BBO [2]) Ziel: semantische Interoperabilität als Basis für Automatisierung Wissensgraphen Softwareentwicklung für Domain- Experten zur Erstellung eigener Leistungen Beseitigen von Kommunikationsengpässen Ziel: modularer, intelligenter Baukasten zur Erstellung von Leistungen basierend auf Datenschutz, Sicherheit und Qualität Low-Code / No-Code [1] https://joinup.ec.europa.eu/collection/semantic-interoperability-community-semic/solution/e-government-core-vocabularies [2] Annane, A. et al.: BBO: BPMN 2.0 based ontology for business process representation. In: ECKM 2019. volume 1, pp. 49–59, 2019 https://github.com/fusion- jena/GerPS-onto Unterstützung von fuzzy Suchanfragen, die über exakte Übereinstimmungen hinausgehen Strukturierte Abfragen zur Einschränkung der Suche, z.B. auf Akteure in bestimmten Rollen Semantische Suche Wenn sich Gesetzestexte ändern, was muss angepasst werden (Prozess, …)? Ermöglichung von Probeläufen während des Gesetzgebungsverfahrens bevor Änderungen in Kraft treten Änderungsmanagement Erstellung zielgruppenspezifischer Versionen, z.B. für Laien oder in einfacher Sprache Prozesse für ein breiteres Publikum zugänglich und verständlich gestalten Textgenerierung


DAGA 2014 40TH GERMAN ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS Oldenburg, Germany March 10–14, 2014 How Microtonal is a Well-Tuned Concert Grand Piano? Timour Klouche Staatliches Institut für Musikforschung PK, Berlin, Germany Introduction The core question of this paper is how accurate the tun- ing of a well-tuned concert grand piano is. The underly- ing experiment is a direct extension of previous studies [1] [2] centering on methodological issues concerning validating tuning accuracy [1], and measuring micro- tonal accuracy of virtual instruments respectively [2]. After first presenting a series of measurements, we focus on exemplary details and relate the final outcome to that of the virtual piano presented at DAGA 2013. A more de- tailed version of the paper will be available online [3]. Setup and Methods The minimization of external influences to the mea- surements has been given high priority throughout the inception of our microtonal validation series [1]. We thus applied the very same, already validated and tested ex- perimental setup. That in turn makes a direct compar- ison with last years’ virtual piano (Pianoteq software synthesizer) tuning measurements possible. The inter- ested reader is directed to the publication [2] for details of the setup incl. all measurement and preprocessing parameters. Following is a very brief summary of the steps involved: The complete pitch gamut of a Steinway D concert grand piano is recorded directly after the tun- ing process preparing public concerts in the Curt-Sachs Saal of the Staatliches Institut für Musikforschung. Each recording consists of 88 piano pitches in the way that each key is depressed for 6s followed by 6s silence, cap- tured by ORTF condenser microphones. Subsequently the sound file (2 channel 192 kHz, 24 bit) is monoized, segmented with a MATAB rms-dependent script and analyzed via Praat. The fundamental frequency is calcu- lated with the F0 autocorrelation function of Praat (for all details see [2]). Two aspect are changed in comparison to the setup used in the last publication: Firstly, we had to include a recording chain to the measuring setup prior to the analyzing procedure, and secondly, a human player is added. How both factors are influencing the results will be analyzed in later experiments as are perceptive and cognitive implications. Here we focus deliberately on the signal description layer with measuring the funda- mental frequencies of piano tones. Results Results A: Measurements of 16 fresh tunings The analysis of the series of measurements (n=16) is de- picted in Fig. 1 and 2. Interestingly, outliers (up to roughly 3000 cents) are not everywhere and seem to be not equal- ly distributed (Fig. 1). Remarkable areas are the smooth re- gions around A4 and A5-A6 and the downturn from A6 on associated with large ranges but within also a zone with notably small measuring ranges. The downturn area is possibly indicating a measuring- or stimuli related artifact leading to a result approx. one oc- tave (but notably less than; cf. Results D) below the ex- pectancy value. Figure 2 depicts a zoomed window illus- trating how most values average around the expectancy value within 10 cents deviation with outliers not exceed- ing 40 cents in the mid frequencies. Results B: Selection of the best-fit piano tuning The single tuning with statistically least deviation to the expectancy had been chosen for further examination and later reprocessing (see Results C). Figure 3 shows a smooth fluctuation around 5 cents (indicating an offset) with out- lier areas below A1 and over A6. Intra-note ranges are de- picted in Fig. 4 that exhibits a similar picture with fluctua- tions around 5 cents and respective outliers. The ranges’ outliers are excessive only in the lows, likely indicating more plausible measuring errors in that area and a stimuli related problem in the highs (with below 30 cents ranges). Results C: Data reprocessing & comparison with a virtual piano Three aspects were c


> AUSBAU SCHULUNGSANGEBOT Fachspezifische Forschungs- datenrepositorien  1 repräsentatives Repositorium pro Bereich der TUD  Schulungsreihe auf der Grundstruktur des Prototyp Workshops  Veröffentlichung als OER auf Zenodo Multidisziplinär: Prototyp Zenodo Workshop  Wissensbasis FDM für weitere Schulungen nachnutzbar  repositorienspezifischer Aufbauteil veränderbar Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften: 4TU?  Spektrum: Naturwissenschaften, Ingenieurwissenschaften und Design  Core Trust Seal Geistes– und Sozialwissenschaften: GESIS  forschungsbasierte Infrastrukturein- richtung für Sozialwissenschaften  Core Trust Seal Ingenieurwissenschaften: NOMAD?  Fokus: Materialwissenschaften  von FAIRmat entwickelt Bau und Umwelt: PANGAEA  Fokus: Geodaten  Core Trust Seal Medizin: German Central Health Study Hub  Spektrum: klinische, Public Health, epidemiologische Forschung  Metadatenveröffentlichung mit Information zum Datenzugang Kontakt: forschungsdaten@slub-dresden.de | janna.little@slub-dresden.de


Development of bioprinted osteochondral tissue: an in-vitro model for drug discovery Shahrbanoo Jahangir1, Jana Vecstaudža2, Elena Canciani3, Jānis Ločs2, 4, Mauro Alini1, *, Tiziano Serra1 1- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos, Switzerland 2- Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Institute of Genera Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Pulka Street 3, LV-1007, Riga, Latvia 3- Laboratory of Immunomics, Department of Health Sciences, center of translational research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases, CAAD. University of Eastern Piedmont, UPO. Corso Trieste 15/A. 28100 Novara- Italy 4- Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia Introduction: Osteochondral (OC) disorders like osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) damage the joint's cartilage and subchondral bone. Their treatment remains a significant challenge for both researchers and orthopedics. In vitro models of OC tissue have become an essential tool to help investigate pathogenesis, develop drug screening, and test potential therapeutic approaches. This study aims to create a bio-printed OC construct recapitulating the bone and cartilage compartment as drugs testing platforms. Methodology: Two different hydrogels including a blend composed of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) with nanosized hydroxyapatite (nHA) and tyramine-modified hyaluronic acid (THA) were selected for the bioprinting of bone and cartilage tissue mimics. The composition of GelMA hydrogel (10% w/v) with different concentrations of nHA (1-10% w/v) and THA with concentrations of 2.5-5% w/v were characterized by rheology and their cytotoxicity was assessed via live-dead assay. Later, the pre-differentiated osteoblast and endothelial cells were encapsulated into GelMA-nHA and micropellet chondrocytes into THA hydrogels for bioprinting osteochondral construct. After 2 weeks of culturing, the successful generation of OC tissue was confirmed by real-time RT-PCR and histology. Results: The storage modulus (G') of all GelMA/nHA hydrogels was significantly higher than GelMA, however, there was no significant difference in G' values for the GelMA/nHA as a function of added nHA. Due to the know temperature sensitivity of GelMA, a rheological temperature sweep and series of printing tests were performed to establish a suitable printing temperature, which was confirmed to be 20°C, independent of the addition of nHA. Calcein- AM (Ca-AM) and Ethidium Homodimer-1 (EthD-1) staining for GelMA (10% w/v) with three


WHY DOES ENGLISH NEED TO BE BOTHERING WHILE ROMANCE JUST BOTHERS? Eugenia Mangialavori Rasia1 and Josep Ausensi2 1CONICET & 2Universitat Pompeu Fabra WHY DOES ENGLISH NEED TO BE BOTHERING WHILE ROMANCE JUST BOTHERS? Eugenia Mangialavori Rasia1 and Josep Ausensi2 1CONICET & 2Universitat Pompeu Fabra Introduction • We focus on Intransitive Causatives (ICs), an underexplored argument structure realization in verbs entering causative alternation, with key implications for argument structure and verb formation/derivation. We focus on the asymmetry between English (1) and Romance (2). (1) a. Smoking kills. b. Bleach disinfects. c. Alcohol dehydrates. d. Rice constipates. e. Shaving creams irritate. f. Sunlight oxidizes and discolors. g. Normal dryers wrinkle. (2) a. Fumar mata. b. La lejía desinfecta. c. El alcohol deshidrata. d. El arroz estriñe. e. Las cremas de afeitar irritan. f. La luz solar oxida y destiñe. g. Las secadoras arrugan. • ICs challenge major claims on argument structure and causative alternations: 1. The internal argument deﬁned a constant constituent in the causative alternation (Haley & Keyser 2002) 2. The prediction that a unique argument in causative alternating verbs will be interpreted as undergoer by default (Levin & Rappaport Hovav 2005). Conversely, ICs show defective cause(r) reading. Aspect and semantics of ICs • (a) ICs cannot appear in perception reports, be located in space (3) or license habitual readings (4). (3) a.#John saw smoking kill. (cf. I saw John kill Tom) b.#Shaving creams irritate in the bathroom. (4) a. Alcohol (#regularly) dehydrates. (cf. John regularly kills ani- mals) b. Smoking (#regularly) kills. • They are odd in contexts forcing eventive readings (5). Modals gen- erate epistemic (not deontic) readings (6). This pattern is the one ex- pected for states (Maienborn 2005, Rothmayr 2007). (5) a.#What the dryer did was wrinkle. (cf. What John did was kill animals) b.#What happened was that rice constipated. (6) a. Smoking must kill (OK It probably has property x | #It is under obligation to kill) b. John must kill Tom (#He probably has property x | OK He is under obligation to kill) • (b) ICs are similar to middles in that they are restricted to generic tenses (*Smoking killed/This vase broke easily). Both constructions pattern sta- tively, and like dispositional generics. • They do not entail a deontic reading, but report a property of the sub- ject (Lekakou 2015). ICs are thus true in virtue of properties inherent to the subject • ICs contrast with dispositional habituals that “assert the existence of a pattern of regularly recurring events” (Krifka et al. 1995) (true insofar as there were actual helping events in the past, e.g., John helps homeless people). • ICs crucially differ from middles in that the sole DP is not internal but external: hence, the property is not attributed to an undergoer (theme), but to a cause. • (d) Genericity is a property shared with another dyadic/monadic argu- ment structure alternation (Unexpressed/Null Object alternations, Levin 1993) (8): PROPERTY-OF-AGENT ALTERNATION. (7) a. This dog bites (#but hasn’t bitten anybody yet). b. Stand back! This horse kicks (#but hasn’t kicked anybody yet). • Yet, ICs are distinct in verb type (activity/manner verbs in (8) vs. re- sult verbs in ICs) and interpretive and selectional restrictions on the subject (animate/volitional actor in (8) vs. inanimate causer in ICs). Syntax of ICs Unlike Property-of-Agent Alternation (7), ICs are not null-object con- structions (NO). • ICs do not allow null-object-oriented depictive predication, which is OK if arbitrary implicit arguments are present (cf. Il dottore visita [ ] nudi ‘The doctor visits [ ] naked’ (Rizzi 1996)). (8) a. *Smoking kills dead/depressed. b. John cooks healthy. c. John buys cheap. • ICs do not allow null object quantiﬁcation either (e.g. bare molti, Ital- ian) (9) a. *Smoking kills a lot. b. John eats a lot. • Ne-cliticization and inchoative/passive morphol


MODELLING ACTIVITY-INDUCED RADIAL VELOCITIES THROUGH STELLA/WiFSIP SIMULTANEOUS PHOTOMETRY A. Castro-González1, J. Lillo-Box1, and the KOBE team2-6 1Centro de Astrobiología, 2Universidade do Porto, 3Universidad de Cádiz, 4Aix-Marseille Université, 5Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, 6Observatorio de Calar Alto The KOBE experiment (K-dwarfs Orbited by Habitable Exoplanets; Lillo-Box et al. 2022, submitted) is aimed at searching for new worlds within the habitable zone (HZ) of K-dwarf stars through the radial velocity method using the CARMENES spectrograph. The survey is currently monitoring 50 pre-selected late K-dwarf stars, where we expect to find a significant number of planets according to planet occurrence rates in this stellar regime. K-dwarf stars are the ideal hosts to search for planets in the HZ. Contrary to G-dwarfs, the HZ is closer, thus making planet detection easier. And contrary to M-dwarfs, the stellar activity is much smaller, hence having a lower impact in the detectability and in the true habitability of the planet. Despite this, there is a desert of habitable worlds around K-dwarfs due to the lack of surveys devoted to this parameter space. In Fig. 1 we show 2 years of 3-day cadence simulated WiFSIP photometry and 9-day cadence CARMENES data for a typical target of our sample. We used the SOAP2 package (Dumusque et al. 2014) to simulate the photometric and spectroscopic effects of two spots covering 0.38% of the stellar surface, and two plages covering 1.68%. We then injected a simulated Keplerian signal of 4 m/s in an orbital period of 86.5 days. We analysed the simulated dataset by both using and not using the photometric time series. Our results show that in this simulation the planet is detected in both cases but the planet properties are a 30% more precise when using the photometric time series. For lower-mass planet simulations we find that only when using the WiFSIP photometry we can significantly detect the signal. K-dwarfs are among the most quiet stars in terms of activity. However, the low-amplitude RV signals from HZ planets can be disturbed by the presence of active regions. A key technique to achieve very precise RV measurements consists of simultaneously characterizing this stellar activity by measuring the so-called activity indicators. These indicators can be obtained from the spectra from which the RV is acquired or from additional observations (e.g. photometry has been proved to be a good indicator; Aigrain et al. 2012). The vast majority of works that take into account activity indicators, make use of those extracted from the RV spectra alone, due to its observational simplicity. However, the KOBE long-cadence of 9 days is not enough to properly sample the activity of K dwarfs. With typical rotation periods of 40 days (and a range between 10-50 days, McQuillan et al. 2014), the RV cadence would only sample up to 5 data points per stellar rotation. We fit the spectroscopic and photometric data through a Bayesian approach combined with a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. The signals caused by stellar activity can be seen as correlated quasi-periodic noise. To deal with it, Gaussian Processes (GP) are an increasingly common tool. Thus, we model the RV through a Keplerian and a GP, and jointly we model the full width of half maximum (FWHM) of the cross correlation function (CCF) and the photometric time series through GPs with shared hyperparameters. In particular, we use a quasi-periodic kernel of the form where 𝜂1 is the amplitude of the correlations, 𝜂2 is the timescale of the correlation decay, 𝜂3 defines the periodic component and 𝜂4 controls the relative importance of the periodic and decaying components. Methodology References. 1. Aigrain S., Pont F., Zucker S., 2012, MNRAS, 419, 3147. 2. McQuillan A., Mazeh T., & Aigrain S., 2014, ApJS, 211, 24. 3. Dumusque X., Boisse I., & Santos N. C. 2014, ApJ, 796, 132. Figure 1. Simulated RV, FWHM and photometry for a typical target


Electricity Demand and Opportunity at The Island School Benjamin Bradford, Brooke Chappell, Dawit Hawgood, Alexander Hee, Benjamin Immerman, Maya Lindeman, and Marley Spitler Advisors: Brett Ziter, Grace Alberts, and Gustav Wellin Introduction Methods Discussion Results Acknowledgements Literature Cited There are seven systems that provide electricity to The Island School. Five use renewable sources. The others are diesel back- up and diesel from the grid. This figure provides a visual representation of the electricity systems on campus, categorized by energy source. Not pictured is The Island School’s connections to the local electricity grid. This figure shows the production of each electricity system at The Island School over one representative month. This research aims to lower the school’s dependence on the diesel grid and instead generate more elec- tricity from renewables. • Boathouse solar system has a capacity of 18 kW AC. • Treehouse solar system has a capacity of 12 kW AC. • Hallig solar system has a capacity of 3.3 kW AC. • Wet lab solar system has a capacity of 31 kW AC. • The wind turbine has a capacity of 10 kW AC. Electricity Systems Electricity consumption can be measured using a data acquisition system like The Island School’s proprietary CampIS. This system measures how much electricity is used on campus and how much flows to and from the power grid. CampIS was used here to determine the total amount of elec- tricity consumed at The Island School and how much was generated from renewable sources. This figure shows some of the information available on The Island School’s CampIS Data Acquisition System Next, data from the solar inverters were analyzed to identify trends and patterns. The recorded power output of the inverters was compared to the expected power output based on the number and type of solar panels within each system. This type of comparison allows problems to be de- tected, isolated, and ultimately solved. This figure shows an example of how expected outputs can be compared to real data, to identify problems System Fix Date Result Wet Lab Arc Fault Isolation Feb 1 +11% Hallig Reboot Feb 26 +2% Treehouse Wiring Problem Mar 11 +2% All Solar Grid compatibility improvement Mar 6-10 +5-10% Wind Turbine Blade maintenance & Re-commissioning Future +4% This table provides a summary of the issues identified across The Island School’s renewable energy systems and their associated improvements. *Results indicate percentage of total electricity offset at the school Since The Island School’s founding in 1999, global energy consumption has risen by 50%. The majority of energy is produced using fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas. Carbon emissions from fossil fuels have led to rising global temperatures, and the resulting impacts of climate change. Eleuthera heavily depends on burning diesel to generate electricity. Small islands such as Eleuthera are particularly vulnerable to climate change and global warming, as they have many natural risks like rising sea levels and intensified hurricanes. Eleuthera occupies a remote area with limited access to resources and relies on vulnerable natural ecosystems like fisheries and coral reefs. Given The Island School’s position of leadership and access to resources relative to others on Eleuthe- ra, it is important for the school to optimize the way it produces and consumes electricity. Objectives • Measure campus’ total electricity consumption • Determine the amount of consumption coming from diesel vs. renewable sources • Find the potential electricity production if each campus system is optimized • Investigate climate impacts – find the carbon emissions and diesel that can be avoided This figure shows the relationships between fuel consumption, CO2 emissions, and global temperature rise The Island School used 300,000 kWh of electricity in 2023, Requiring 85,000 L of diesel and emitting 230,000 kg of CO2. Several small fixes have allowed the school to increase its prop


Nom Équipe 0 900 1800 0 1000 2000 3000 Channel 2% 25% 75% Nom Équipe Elaboration of Rare Earth Oxide Thin Films for Quantum Technologies N. Harada1, A. Tallaire1,2, A. Ferrier1,3 , M. Scarafagio1, D. Serrano1 and Ph. Goldner1 1PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech-CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, 75005 Paris, France 2Laboratoire des Sciences et Procédés des Matériaux (LSPM) ,Université Paris 13, 93430, Villetaneuse, France 3Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, 75005, Paris, France Abstract Results and Discussion DLI-CVD for Eu3+:Y2O3 thin films Rare earth ions (REI applications: • Lighting / Screens / Lasers • Electronic devices • Scintillators • Sensors References Conclusion & Perspectives Funding Effect of doping on optical properties 515250 515500 515750 516000 516250 516500 516750 517000 517250 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 100% 75% 50% 25% 8% 5% 4% 2% 1% 0,5% 0,25% Intensity (A.U) Frequency (GHz) Thin films: • Scalability and processing Eu3+:Y2O3 thin layer, made by Atomic Layer Deposition Introduction Increasing thickness 20 40 60 0,0 0,9 1,8 2,7 Normalized Intensity (a.u) 2 theta Study of deposition temperature in Y2O3 Morphological properties of undoped Y2O3 Y2O3 (222) Y2O3 (400) Si (211) • T < 450°C : No growth = insufficient kinetics • Kinetic regime = T drives growth • Diffusion regime = sufficient kinetic • Decomposition of gaseous precursor Study of doping in Eu3+:Y2O3 • Play with the amount of precursor injected = Control the doping 28.0 28.8 29.6 0.0 0.5 1.0 1% (222) 2% (222) 4% 8% 25% 50% 75% 100% 1% (222) ! (!) 0 50 100 150 200 250 1E-4 1E-3 0.01 0.1 1 100% Eu 75% 50 % 612 nm 25% 612 nm 10% 612 nm 4% 612 nm Temps (µs) Eu Y Si (substrate) O %Eu Conclusion • Parametric study of DLI-CVD process good quality films obtained in a wide doping range • Eu3+:Y2O3 thin film properties encouraging Perspectives • Epitaxial growth to improve crystalline quality • Measure coherence properties (Spectral Hole Burning) • Towards other systems such as Y2SiO5 • Polycrystalline and columnar growth • Grain size 30-100nm 50 nm 90nm 250 nm 650 nm SEM pictures of Y2O3 thin films XRD diffractogram of Y2O3 thin film • Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy spectrum Check the effective doping %Eu XRD of Y2O3 (222) peak • Evolution of the growth rate with T Precursor : Y(TMHD)3 0,0008 0,0010 0,0012 0,0014 0,0016 0,0018 0,0020 0,0022 0,0024 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 ln(Growth Rate) 1/T 450 500 550 650 750 850 950 1050 1150 T 5 D2 5 D1 5 D0 7 F2 7 F1 7 F0 465nm 612nm Quenching = Energy transfer from ion-ion or ion-defects • Ratio for randomly oriented Y2O3 powder : (222)/(400) = 4 • Effective ratio here : (222)/(400) > 10 Strong (111) texture of Y2O3 thin layer Experiments conducted in collaboration with JJ.Ganem and I.Vickridge, INSP • Doping goes from Y2O3 to Eu2O3 increase lattice parameter • Photoluminescence • Lifetime Normailzed intensity • Inhomogeneous linewidth Theory Eu3+ Crystal Wavelength 5 D0 7 F2 7 F1 7 F0 580.68nm 612nm Experiment • Shift and broadening of the inhomogeneous linewidth Eu3+environment changes Inhomogeneous linewidth • P. Goldner, et al., “Recent Advances in Rare Earth Doped Inorganic Crystalline Materials for Quantum Information Processing”, Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie; Feb2018, Vol. 644 Issue 2, p66-76, 11p • S. Liu, et al., "Controlled size reduction of rare earth doped nanoparticles for optical quantum technologies," RSC Advances, 8 (2018) 37098-37104. • M. Scarafagio et al., « Ultrathin Eu- and Er-Doped Y2O3 Films with Optimized Properties for Quantum Technologies », The Journal of Physical Chemistry C 2019 123 (21) Quantum technologies (QT) with REI: • Superposition state • Quantum Computer / Cryptography • Quantum memory Classic al Bit Qubit REI properties: • Photostable centers 4f-4f transitions shielded by closed shells • Good luminescence properties • Wide range of emissions • Optical and hyperfine transitions addressable Nanoparticles : • Easier coupling to cavities o