Dr. Aris Thorne here. Let's review your recent lab results and discuss the next steps for your radiation therapy. Your blood work looks promising, showing a strong immune response, which is excellent news as we prepare for treatment. However, your platelet count is slightly lower than we'd like, so we'll need to monitor that closely. To support your platelet levels, I recommend incorporating more iron-rich foods like leafy greens and lean red meat into your diet. Additionally, please stay well-hydrated by drinking plenty of water throughout the day, as this helps your body cope with the therapy. We'll schedule your first radiation session for next Tuesday at 10:00 AM. Before then, please arrange for a friend or family member to drive you to and from your appointments, as you may feel fatigued afterward. Remember to wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing to each session to allow easy access to the treatment area. If you experience any unusual symptoms like fever or excessive fatigue, please contact our office immediately. We're here to support you every step of the way, so don't hesitate to ask any questions you may have. Take care, and we'll see you next week.

Dr. Aris Thorne nie. Ma yɛnhwɛ wo 'lab' mu nhwehwɛmu a ɛbaaeɛ a ɛnkyɛɛ no na yɛnsusuw nea edi hɔ a yɛbɛyɛ ama wo radiehyin ayaresa no ho. Wo mogya adwuma no yɛ anigye, na ɛkyerɛ sɛ wo nipadua no tumi ko tia yare no yiye, na ɛyɛ asɛmpa bere a yɛresiesie yɛn ho ama ayaresa no. Nanso, wo 'platelet' dodoɔ no sua koraa sen nea yɛpɛ, enti ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ so yiye. Sɛnea ɛbɛyɛ a wo platelet dodoɔ no bɛkɔ so no, metu fo sɛ di nnuane a ayɔn (iron) pii wɔ mu te sɛ ahaban a ɛyɛ frɔmfrɔm ne mogyanam a sradeɛ nni mu pii. Afei nso, meserɛ wo, nom nsu pii da mu no nyinaa efirisɛ eyi boa ma wo nipadua no tumi gyina ayaresa no ano. Yɛbɛhyehyɛ wo radiehyin ayaresa a edi kan no ama Benada a ɛreba yi anɔpa 10:00. Ansa na saa bere no beduru no, meserɛ wo, hyehyɛ ma adamfoɔ anaa obusuani bi mfa kaa mfa wo nkɔ ayaresabea hɔ na ɔsane mfa wo mmra, efirisɛ, ebia wobɛte nka sɛ w'abrɛ wɔ ayaresa no akyi. Kae sɛ wobɛhyɛ ntadeɛ a ɛbɛma ma wo ho ahare wo na ɛnkyekyere wo wɔ nhyiamu biara ase na ama yɛatumi anya kwan akɔ baabi a yɛresa yareɛ no. Sɛ wote nka sɛ nsɛnkyerɛneɛ bi te sɛ atiridii anaa brɛ a ɛboro so a, meserɛ wo, frɛ yɛn ɔfese ntɛm ara. Yɛwɔ ha sɛ yɛbɛboa wo wɔ kwan biara so, enti ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛbisa nsɛm biara a ebia wowɔ. Hwɛ wo ho yiye, na yɛbehu wo nnawɔtwe a ɛreba no.


Patient Instructions: VATS Clinical Trial Screening

Please read the following instructions carefully before your screening appointment.

Please arrive at the clinic 15 minutes prior to your scheduled appointment time.

Proceed to the main reception desk and check-in. Inform the staff you are here for the VATS clinical trial screening.

If you require assistance with wheelchair access, please notify the reception staff upon arrival. They will arrange for someone to assist you to the screening area.

Bring a list of all current medications you are taking, including dosages and frequency.

Bring any relevant medical records or imaging scans related to your condition.

Wear comfortable clothing that allows easy access to your chest area.

You may eat and drink normally before your appointment unless instructed otherwise by the clinic staff.

You will meet with a member of the research team who will explain the study in detail and answer any questions you may have.

You will be asked to sign an informed consent form if you choose to participate.

Review of your medical history and current medications.

Additional tests as deemed necessary by the research team.

The research team will review your screening results and determine if you are eligible for the study.

You will be contacted within a few days with the results and further instructions.

Please do not hesitate to ask for assistance at any time during your visit.

Thank you for your interest in participating in this clinical trial. Your participation is valuable in helping us advance medical research.

Ეyarefoɔ Akwankyerɛ: VATS Ayarehwɛ Nhwehwɛmu

Meserɛ wo sɛ kenkan akwankyerɛ a edidi soɔ yi yie ansa na woakɔ w'ayarehwɛ nhyehyɛeɛ no.

Mepa wo kyɛw kɔ ayaresabea hɔ simma 15 ansa na wo bere a wɔahyehyɛ ama wo no adu.

Kɔ adwumayɛfoɔ a wɔwɔ anim hɔ no hɔ na twerɛ wo din. Ma adwumayɛfoɔ no nhu sɛ woaba sɛ worebɛyɛ VATS ayarehwɛ nhwehwɛmu.

Sɛ wohia mmoa wɔ mmubuafoɔ akongua kwan ho a, mepa wo kyɛw ma adwumayɛfoɔ a wɔwɔ anim hɔ no nhu bere a woadu hɔ no. Wɔbɛyɛ nhyehyɛeɛ ama obi aboa wo akɔ baabi a wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu no.

Fa nnuro a worenom no seesei no nyinaa ara din brɛ yɛn, a ne dodoɔ ne mpɛn dodoɔ a wonom no ka ho.

Fa ayaresa ho nkrataa anaa mfonini biara a ɛfa wo tebea ho no brɛ yɛn.

Hyɛ atadeɛ a ɛbɛma wo ho ahare wo a ɛma kwan ma wɔtumi hu wo koko so.

Wobɛtumi adidi na woanom nsuo sɛdeɛ woyɛ no daa ansa na woakɔ wo nhyiamu no, gye sɛ ayaresabea adwumayɛfoɔ no ka kyerɛ wo sɛ nnyɛ saa.

Wo ne nhwehwɛmufoɔkuo no muni bi bɛhyia na wakyerɛkyerɛ nhwehwɛmu ase yie akyerɛ wo na wabua nsɛmmisa biara a wowɔ.

Wɔbɛbisa wo ama wo de wo nsa ahyɛ krataa a ɛkyerɛ sɛ woagye atom ase sɛ, sɛ wopaw sɛ wode wo ho bɛhyɛ mu a.

Wɔbɛhwehwɛ w'ayaresa abakɔsɛm ne nnuro a worenom seesei no mu.

Nhwehwɛmu foforo a nhwehwɛmufoɔ kuo no bu no sɛ ɛho hia.

Nhwehwɛmufoɔ kuo no bɛhwɛ wo nhwehwɛmu ho nsɛm no mu na wɔahwɛ sɛ wofata sɛ woyɛ nhwehwɛmu no bi a.

Wɔbɛfrɛ wo wɔ nna kakra bi mu de nea efiri mu baeɛ ne akwankyerɛ foforo abrɛ wo.

Mepa wo kyɛw ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛbisa mmoa bere biara a wobɛkɔ hɔ no.

Yɛda wo ase sɛ w'ani gye ho sɛ wobɛka saa ayarehwɛ nhwehwɛmu yi ho. Hyɛ a wode wo ho rehyɛ mu no som bo ma yɛn wɔ ayaresa mpuntuo nhwehwɛmu a yɛreyɛ no mu.


Data Scientist: Good morning, Ms. Mercier. My name is Dr. Shota Kato, and I'll be your data scientist for this consultation. I understand you're scheduled for surgery soon, and we're looking to do a thorough pre-operative evaluation given your complex medical history.

Patient (Ms. Mercier): Good morning, Dr. Kato. Yes, I'm quite anxious about the surgery, especially with everything else going on with my health.

Data Scientist: That's completely understandable. We want to make sure we have a complete picture before proceeding. I've reviewed your records, and I see you have a history of diabetes, hypertension, and some cardiac issues. Can you tell me a bit more about how these conditions have been managed recently?

Patient: Well, my diabetes has been a struggle lately. My blood sugar levels have been fluctuating quite a bit, even with medication. And my blood pressure seems to be creeping up again.

Data Scientist: Okay, that's helpful to know. We'll definitely want to monitor those closely. Have you had any recent changes in your medications or symptoms?

Patient: Yes, actually. My cardiologist adjusted my blood pressure medication a few weeks ago, and I've been feeling a bit more short of breath lately, especially when I exert myself.

Data Scientist: That's important information. We'll want to investigate that shortness of breath further. It could be related to your heart condition or potentially something else.

Patient: I see. Is there anything specific you're looking for in the data?

Data Scientist: Yes, we'll be analyzing your medical records, including lab results, imaging studies, and previous surgical reports. We'll also be looking at patterns in your vital signs and medication history to identify any potential risks or complications.

Patient: That sounds very thorough. I appreciate you taking the time to look into everything so carefully.

Data Scientist: Of course. Our goal is to ensure your safety and optimize your outcome from the surgery. We'll be working closely with your surgeon and other specialists to develop a personalized plan for your care.

Patient: Thank you, Dr. Kato. That gives me some peace of mind.

Data Scientist: You're very welcome, Ms. Mercier. We'll be in touch soon with our findings and recommendations. In the meantime, please don't hesitate to reach out if you have any questions or concerns.

Abɛɛfo Nimdefoɔ: Maakye, Ewura Mercier. Me din de Dr. Shota Kato, na me na mebɛyɛ wo ho nsɛm nhwehwɛmu ɛwɔ saa nhyiamu yi mu. M'ate sɛ wɔahyehyɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ wo operehyin seesei ara, na yɛrehwehwɛ sɛ yɛbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛkɔ akyiri ansa na wɔayɛ operehy-in no esiane w'apɔmuden ho asɛm a ɛyɛ den no nti.

Ეyarefoɔ (Ewura Mercier): Maakye, Dɔkota. Kato. Aane, me ho yeraw me pii fa operehyin no ho, titiriw esiane nneɛma afoforo a ɛrekɔ so wɔ m’apɔmuden ho no nti.

Abɛɛfo Nimdefoɔ: Nteaseɛ wɔ mu. Yɛpɛsɛ yɛhwɛ hu sɛ yɛwɔ biribiara ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi mu ansa na yɛatoa so. M'ahwɛ wo nkrataa mu, na m'ahu sɛ wowɔ asikreyare, mogya mmoroso, ne akomayare bi. Wobɛtumi aka kyerɛ me sɛnea wɔadi saa yare ahorow yi ho dwuma nansa yi anaa?

Ეyarefoɔ: Yoo, m’asikreyare no ayɛ den nansa yi. Asikyire dodow a ɛwɔ me mogya mu no taa sesa pii, ɛmfa ho sɛ mefa aduru no. Na me mogya mmoroso no nso te sɛ nea ɛrekɔ soro bio.

Abɛɛfo Nimdefoɔ: Yoo, ɛyɛ paa sɛ yɛahu saa. Yɛbɛpɛ sɛ yɛhwɛ so yiye. Woanya nsakrae bi wɔ w’aduru anaa yare no ho nansa yi?

Ეyarefoɔ: Aane, nokware mu. Me komayare ho ɔbenfo no sesaa me mogya mmoroso aduru no adapɛn kakra a atwam no, na m'ate nka sɛ mehome nsisi so yiye nansa yi, titiriw bere a meyɛ adwuma denneennen no.

Abɛɛfo Nimdefoɔ: Ɛyɛ asɛm a ɛho hia. Yɛbɛpɛ sɛ yɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ home a ensisi so yiye no ho. Ebetumi afa w'akomayare no ho anaa biribi foforo.

Ეyarefoɔ: M'ate. So biribi pɔtee bi wɔ hɔ a worehwehwɛ wɔ nsɛm no mu anaa?

Abɛɛfo Nimdefoɔ: Aane, yɛbɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu wɔ w’ayaresa nkrataa mu, a laabo mu nhwehwɛmu nsunsuansoɔ, nipadua mu mfonin nhwehwɛmu, ne operehyin a wɔayɛ no dada ho ɛka ho. Yɛbɛhwɛ sɛdeɛ wo ho hyeɛ ne sɛdeɛ w'akoma si bɔ no ahwɛ ne aduru a woafa ho abakɔsɛm mu nso de ahu asiane anaa nsunsuanso bɔne biara a ebetumi aba.

Ეyarefoɔ: Ɛte sɛ nea ɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu a ɛkɔ akyiri. M’ani sɔ sɛ woagye bere de rehwɛ biribiara mu yiye saa.

Abɛɛfo Nimdefoɔ: Ɛyɛ nokware. Yɛn botae ne sɛ yɛbɛhwɛ sɛ yɛabɔ wo ho ban na woanya nsunsuanso pa afiri operehyin no mu. Yɛne wo dɔkota a ɔbɛyɛ wo operehyin no ne animdefoɔ afoforo bɛyɛ adwuma de ayɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛfa wo nko ara wo hwɛ ho.

Ეyarefoɔ: Meda ase, Dɔkota Kato. Ɛma menya asomdwoe kakra.

Abɛɛfo Nimdefoɔ: Nna ase, Awuraa Mercier. Ɛrenkyɛ, yɛne wo bɛkasa afa nea yɛahu ne nea yɛsusu ho. Saa bere yi mu no, meserɛ wo, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛfrɛ yɛn sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm bi a.


You are probably feeling nervous about your upcoming procedure, gastric stent placement. This procedure involves placing a small, mesh tube in your stomach to help keep it open so that food can pass through more easily. It is a safe and effective way to treat blockages in the stomach caused by tumors or other conditions. You will be given medicine to help you relax and numb the area before the stent is placed. The procedure usually takes about an hour, and most people can go home the same day. You may experience some soreness or discomfort for a few days afterward, but this should improve quickly. Be sure to follow your doctor's instructions carefully regarding diet and activity after the procedure. If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to ask Dr. Rinaldi or his team. We are here to help you feel better and get back to your normal activities as soon as possible. Remember, you are not alone in this journey, and we are committed to providing you with the best possible care.

Ebia w'akoma atu fa ayaresa a ɛreba no ho, ayaresa a wɔde drobɛn a yɛfrɛ no "gastric stent" bɛhyɛ wo yafunu mu no. Saa ayaresa yi kɔ so berɛ a yɛde drobɛn ketewa bi bɛhyɛ wo yafunu mu na ama yafunu no abue na ama aduane atumi afa mu yie. Ɛyɛ ɔkwan pa a wɔfa so sa yafunu a ɛmu asie a apɔ anaa tebea foforɔ de ba a ɛmfa ɔhaw biara mma. Wɔbɛma wo aduro de aboa ma wo ho adwo wo na amma w'ante haw wɔ beaeɛ hɔ ansa na wɔde drobɛn no ahyɛ hɔ. Dwumadie no taa di bɛyɛ dɔnhwere baako, na nnipa dodoɔ no ara tumi kɔ fie ɛda no ara. Wobetumi ate yaw anaa ɔhaw bi nna kakra akyi, nanso ɛsɛ sɛ wei kɔ ntɛm. Hwɛ sɛ wobedi wo dɔkota akwankyerɛ a ɛfa aduane ne dwumadie no so yie wɔ ayaresa no akyi. Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa ɔhaw biara a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛbisa Dr. Rinaldi anaa ne kuo no. Yɛwɔ ha sɛ yɛbɛboa wo ama woate nka yie na woasan akɔ wo dadaadaa dwumadie so ntɛm. Kae sɛ, ɛnyɛ wo nkoara na wo wɔ saa akwantuo yi mu, na yɛasi yɛn bo sɛ yɛbɛma wo ayaresa a ɛyɛ pa ara.


Nurse: Good morning, Ms. Petrov. What brings you in today?

Ms. Petrov: Hi. I need a doctor's note for work. I've been having some trouble with my bladder lately, and it's been making it hard for me to get around.

Nurse: I understand. Can you tell me a little more about your symptoms?

Ms. Petrov: Well, I've been having a lot of urgency and frequency. And sometimes I even have accidents. It's really embarrassing.

Nurse: I'm sorry to hear that. Have you been diagnosed with any neurological conditions?

Ms. Petrov: Yes, I have multiple sclerosis.

Nurse: Okay. And have you been experiencing any other symptoms related to your MS?

Ms. Petrov: Yes, I've been having some weakness in my legs, which is why I'm limping.

Nurse: I see. Well, I'll need to take your vitals and get some more information from you before the doctor can see you.

Nurse: Please have a seat in the waiting room, and I'll call you back as soon as I can.

Nɛɛse: Maakye, Ewuraa Petrov. Deɛn na ɛde wo baa ha ɛnnɛ?

Ewuraa Petrov: Halo. Me hia dɔkota krataa de akɔ adwuma mu. Nnansa yi me dwonsɔtwaa no ma me haw, na ɛma no yɛ den ma me sɛ mɛnantenante.

Nɛɛse: Mete wo ase. Wobɛtumi aka wo nsɛnkyerɛneɛ no ho asɛm kakra akyerɛ me?

Ewuraa Petrov: Saa, mete nka sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ mekɔ dwonsɔ mpɛn pii. Na ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a, me dwonsɔ gu me so. Ɛyɛ aniwu paa.

Nɛɛsi: Ɛyɛ awerɛhosɛm sɛ mete saa. Wɔayɛ nhwehwɛmu afa wo sɛ wo wɔ adwene mu ha bi anaa?

Ewuraa Petrov: Aane, me nipadua no ankasa ko tia ne ho (multiple sclerosis).

Nɛɛsi: Yoo. Na w'ahunu nsɛnkyerɛneɛ foforɔ bi a ɛfa wo MS no ho?

Ewuraa Petrov: Aane, me nan mu yɛ mmerɛ, ɛno nti na metɔgu me nan so no.

Nɛɛsi: Yoo. Ɛyɛ, ɛbɛhia sɛ mehwɛ w'apɔmuden na megye nsɛm pii firi wo hɔ ansa na dɔkota no atumi ahunu wo.

Nɛɛsi: Mepa wo kyɛw tena ase wɔ dan a wɔtena hɔ twɛn no mu, na mɛfrɛ wo seesei ara.


My name is Elena Vasilev, and I'm back because the bleeding hasn't stopped since my last visit. It's been spotting between periods for a few months now, and sometimes it's heavier, like a light period, even when I'm not due.  Also, after intimacy, there's usually some spotting too, which is new and concerning.  I've also noticed a bit of unusual discharge, watery and sometimes pinkish.  There's no pain really, maybe a dull ache in my lower back occasionally, but nothing severe.  Honestly, I was hoping it was just a hormonal imbalance or something simple, but since it hasn't gone away, I'm worried it might be something more serious related to the screening results. I just want to get to the bottom of this and make sure everything is okay.

Me din de Elena Vasilev, na m'asan aba ɛfiri sɛ mogya ɛretu me no ngyaeɛ firi berɛ a me baa ha no. Ɛba wɔ me nsabuo akyi beyɛ abosome kakra nie, na ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi nso a, ano yɛ den, te sɛ nsabuo a ɛmma pii, mpo berɛ a me nsabuo berɛ nsoeɛ. Afei nso, sɛ me ne me kunu hyia akyi a, ɛtɔ da a mogya no ba, a ɛyɛ foforɔ na ɛhaw adwene. Afei nso m'ahunu sɛ nsuo a ɛyɛ nsuo nsuo na ɛtɔ da a ɛyɛ memen bi firi me mu. Yaw biara nni hɔ, ebia me sisi akyi na mete yaw kakra, nanso ɛnyɛ kɛse. Nokorɛ mu no, na mehwɛ anim sɛ ɛyɛ nnoɔma bi na ɛnkɔ so yie wɔ me mu anaa biribi a ɛnyɛ kɛse, nanso ɛsiane sɛ ɛkɔ no nti, me suro sɛ ebia ɛyɛ biribi a ɛyɛ aniberɛ a ɛfa nhwehwɛmu no ho. Mepɛ sɛ mehunu nea ɛrekɔ so na mehu sɛ biribiara yɛ kɛkɛ.


Hello, Ms. Akua Gyan. It's great to meet you. I'm Dr. Bijou Mbemba, the specialist your primary care doctor referred you to. I see you're here for a headache, and looking at your medical history, it seems you have quite a few things going on. I understand how overwhelming that can be, especially when you're not feeling well.

Please tell me a bit more about this headache. When did it start? How would you describe the pain? And have you noticed anything else unusual accompanying it? We'll do our best to get to the bottom of this and find the best way to help you feel better, considering everything else you're dealing with.

Maakye, Ewura Akua Gyan. Ɛyɛ anigyeɛ sɛ yɛahyia. Mene Dr. Bijou Mbemba, ɔbenfoɔ a wo dɔkota a ɔhwɛ wo daa no se bra me nkyɛn no. Menim sɛ tipaeɛ na ɛde w'aba ha, ɛrekame ayɛ sɛ nnoɔma nketenkete bi rekɔ so. Mete aseɛ sɛ wei bɛtumi ayɛ dadwene kɛseɛ ama wo, nkanka sɛ wonte apɔ.

Mepa wo kyɛw, ka tipaeɛ yi ho nsɛm pii kyerɛ me. Ɛberɛ bɛn na ɛfirii aseɛ? Sɛn na wobɛkyerɛkyerɛ yaw no mu? Na woahunu biribi foforɔ biara a ɛnte saa a ɛka ho anaa? Yɛbɛbɔ yɛn ho mmɔden biara ahunu deɛ ɛrekɔ so na yɛahwɛ kwan pa a yɛbɛfa so aboa wo ama wo ho atɔ wo, na yɛahwɛ adeɛ biara a ɛrekɔ so wɔ wo ho.


Okay, Dr. Kulkarni explained things a bit better. It sounds like I've got something called primary hyperaldosteronism, or Conn's syndrome. It basically means my adrenal glands, which sit on top of my kidneys, are making too much of a hormone called aldosterone.

This extra aldosterone messes with my body's balance of salt and water. It makes my kidneys hold onto salt and water, which increases my blood volume and pushes my blood pressure up. That explains the headaches and feeling so tired all the time.

Dr. Kulkarni also mentioned that the extra aldosterone makes my body lose potassium, which is important for muscles and nerves. That's why I've been having those weird muscle cramps and feeling weak.

The good news is that this is usually caused by a small, benign tumor on one of the adrenal glands, and surgery can fix it. Since I'm pregnant, they're being extra careful, but they think it's safe to operate. Hopefully, once this tumor is out, my blood pressure will go down, and I'll start feeling like myself again.

I'm still a bit nervous about the surgery, but knowing what's causing all this makes me feel a little better. Just gotta focus on getting through this and keeping the baby healthy.

Yoo, Dr. Kulkarni kyerɛkyerɛɛ nneɛma mu yie kakra. Ɛte sɛdeɛ manya yareɛ bi a wɔfrɛ no "primary hyperaldosteronism" anaa Conn yareɛ. Ne kyerɛaseɛ ne sɛ, me "adrenal glands" no, a ɛsi me saa no so no, reyi hormone bi a wɔfrɛ no "aldosterone" dodo.

Saa "aldosterone" a ɛboro so no sɛe nkyene ne nsuo a ɛwɔ me nipadua mu no. Ɛma me saa no gye nkyene ne nsuo sie, a ɛma mogya dɔɔso wɔ me mu na ɛma me sɛdeɛ m'akɔma ɛbɔ no kɔ soro. Ɛno na ɛma me ti pae me na mebrɛ berɛ biara no.

Dr. Kulkarni sane kaa sɛ "aldosterone" aborosoɔ no ma me nipadua hwere "potassium", a ɛho hia ma wedeɛ ne ntini. Ɛno nti na ɛma me wedeɛ mu twetwe me na meyɛ merɛ no.

Asɛmpa a ɛwɔ mu ne sɛ mpɛn pii no, kokoram ketewa bi a ɛnyɛ hu wɔ "adrenal glands" no mu baako so na ɛde wei ba, na oprehyin tumi siesie. Ɛsiane sɛ menyem nti, wɔrehwɛ me yie, nanso wɔdwene sɛ wɔbɛtumi ayɛ oprehyɛn no a ɔhaw biara mma. M'ani da so sɛ, sɛ wɔyi kokoram no firi hɔ a, me mogya mmorosoɔ no bɛkɔ fam, na mɛte nka bio sɛ me ho yɛ me den.

Ɛhu da so wɔ mu fa oprehyɛn no ho, nanso sɛ menim deɛ ɛrekɔ so no ma me ho tɔ me kakra. Deɛ ehia ne sɛ mɛfa wei mu na mama abɔfra no anya apɔmuden.


Dr. Elias Mercer, an exhausted event coordinator, arrived at the clinic with his anxious spouse, Maya Patel. He requested a referral to Dr. Xanthe Thorne, a specialist in sickle cell disease he had found online. Dr. Mercer explained that he had a family history of the condition and wanted to be proactive about his health. Maya, visibly worried, clung to his arm, her eyes darting nervously around the room. Dr. Mercer's voice was strained, reflecting his own apprehension about the potential diagnosis.

Dɔkota Elias Mercer, dwumadie ho ɔkwankyerɛfoɔ a wabrɛ, ne ne yere Maya Patel, a ɔwɔ dadwene duruu ayaresabea hɔ. Ɔbisaa sɛ wɔmma no nkrataa nkɔhunu Dɔkota Xanthe Thorne, ahotutuo yareɛ ho nimdefoɔ bi a ɔhunuu no wɔ intanɛt soɔ. Dɔkota Mercer kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu sɛ n’abusuafoɔ bi anya saa yareɛ yi pɛn na ɔpɛ sɛ ɔyɛ biribi fa ho. Maya, a n’anim kyerɛ sɛ ɔwɔ dadwene, sɔɔ ne basa mu, na n’ani dii akɔneaba wɔ dan no mu a na ɔwɔ suro. Na Dɔkota Mercer nne aba fam, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ na ɔno nso wɔ suro fa sɛ ebia wɔbɛhunu sɛ yareɛ no bi wɔ ne ho.


Doctor: Hello, Dr. Li. I see here you've scheduled an appointment for a vaginal infection. Can you tell me more about your symptoms?

Patient: Well, I have some itching and burning down there. And there's some discharge, it's thick and white.

Doctor: Okay, those are common symptoms of yeast infections. However, I noticed you're also clutching your stomach. Is there any pain there?

Patient: Yes, actually. My stomach has been hurting a lot lately. It feels like cramps, but worse.

Doctor: Hmm, that's interesting. Usually, yeast infections and BV don't cause severe stomach pain. Have you had any other symptoms, like fever or nausea?

Patient: No fever, but I have been feeling a bit nauseous. And my lower back hurts too.

Doctor: I see. Dr. Li, based on what you're telling me, I'm concerned that this might be something more serious than a simple infection. The stomach pain and back pain, along with the discharge, could be signs of pelvic inflammatory disease, or PID.

Doctor: It's an infection of the reproductive organs that can cause serious complications if left untreated. I strongly recommend you go to an urgent care center or emergency room immediately for a physical examination and further testing.

Patient: Oh no, really? I thought it was just a yeast infection.

Doctor: I understand your concern, but it's better to be safe than sorry. PID can lead to infertility and chronic pain if not treated promptly. Please don't wait, go get checked out right away.

Patient: Okay, thank you for letting me know. I'll go to the ER now.

Doctor: You're welcome. Please take care of yourself.

Dɔkota: Halo, Dɔkota Li. Mehunu sɛ wɔyɛɛ nhyehyɛeɛ sɛ woreba abɛhwɛ yareɛ a ɛrekɔso wɔ w'ase no mu. Wobɛtumi aka ne nsenkyerɛnne no ho asɛm akyerɛ me?

Ɔyarefoɔ: Hmm, m'ase yɛ me hene na ɛhyehye me. Na nsuo a ɛyɛ fitaa a emu api nso firi mu ba.

Dɔkota: Yoo, ɛno yɛ mmoawa nketenkete bi a wɔfrɛ wɔn yisti (yeast) nsenkyerɛnne. Nanso mahunu sɛ wosɔ wo yafunu mu. Wote yaw wɔ hɔ anaa?

Ɔyarefoɔ: Aane. Nnansa yi me yafunu yɛ me yaw paa. Ɛte sɛ amoa na ɛretwetwe me no, nanso ɛyɛ den sene ɛno.

Dɔkota: Hmm, ɛyɛ nwanwa. Mmerɛ pii no, yisti mmoawa ne BV mfa yafunuyaw a ɛyɛ den mma. Wanya nsenkyerɛnne foforɔ bi te sɛ, atiridii anaa abofono?

Ɔyarefoɔ: Mennya atiridii, nanso me bo fono me kakra. Na m'akyire nso yɛ me yaw.

Dɔkota: Mate. Dɔkota Li, deɛ woreka kyerɛ me no, ɛyɛ me sɛ ɛnyɛ mmoawa bi kɛkɛ na wɔreha wo no, na mmom ɛyɛ yareɛ bi a ɛbɛtumi ayɛ deɛ ano ɛyɛ den. Yafunuyaw ne akyireyaw, ne nsuo a ɛfiri w'ase ba no bɛtumi ayɛ yareɛ a ɛwɔ w'asene mu (pelvic inflammatory disease) anaa PID nsenkyerɛnne.

Dɔkota: Ɛyɛ mmoawa a wɔkɔ awoɔ nneɛma mu a sɛ wɔansa a, ɛbɛtumi de ɔhaw kɛseɛ aba. Metu wo fo sɛ kɔ ayaresabea a wɔhwɛ nipa ntɛm anaa imɛgyensi ntɛm ara ma wɔnhwehwɛ wo mu yie.

Ɔyarefoɔ: O daabi, ampa? Mesusuu sɛ ɛyɛ yisti mmoawa kɛkɛ.

Dɔkota: Mete wo ase, nanso ɛyɛ sɛ yɛbɛhwɛ no seesei ara na anka akyi. Sɛ wɔansa PID ntɛm a, ɛbɛtumi asi awoɔ ho kwan na ama yaw a ɛntumi nkɔ. Meserɛ wo, kɔ ma wɔnhwɛ wo seisei ara.

Ɔyarefoɔ: Yoo, meda wo ase sɛ woaka akyerɛ me. Merekɔ ɛmɛgyensi seesei ara.

Dɔkota: Nna ase.Meserɛ wo, hwɛ wo ho yie.


Medical Student (Sam): Hi Dr. Maina! I'm Sam, a medical student. Thanks for letting me shadow you today.

Data Scientist (Dr. Maina): No problem, Sam! This is Cheptoo Rotich, he's here to discuss genetic testing before his surgery.

Sam: Hi Cheptoo! So, genetic testing can sound a bit complicated, but basically, we're looking at your DNA, which is like an instruction manual for your body.

Cheptoo: Okay, that makes sense. What are you looking for specifically?

Sam: We want to see if there are any changes or "typos" in your DNA that might increase your risk for certain conditions, or affect how you react to anesthesia or medications during surgery.

Sam: We'll just need a small blood sample or a cheek swab. Then, Dr. Maina and his team will analyze it using specialized computers and software.

Dr. Maina: exactly! We compare your DNA to a reference database to identify any variations.

Cheptoo: And what happens if you find something?

Sam: If we find something significant, we'll discuss it with you and your surgeon. It might mean adjusting your surgery plan or medications to make things safer for you.

Cheptoo: That sounds good. Is there anything else I should know?

Sam: The results usually take a few weeks. We'll make sure to explain everything clearly once we have them.

Sam: You're welcome! Do you have any other questions for now?

Cheptoo: Nope, I think I understand. Thanks again!

Ɔdesuani a Ɔresua ayaresama (Sam): Akwaaba Dɔkota Maina! Me ne Sam, ɔdesuani a meresua sɛdeɛ wɔsu ma ayaresa. Medaase sɛ woama kwan ama merebɛsua adeɛ afiri wo hɔ ɛnnɛ.

Abɛɛfoɔ Nimdefoɔ (Dɔkota. Maina): Ɔhaw biara nni hɔ, Sam! Wei ne Cheptoo Rotich, ɔwɔ ha sɛ ɔrebɛdi nkɔmɔ afa ne gɛnɛtik nhwehwɛmu ho ansa na wayɛ operehyin.

Sam: Halo Cheptoo! Enti, gɛnɛtik nhwehwɛmu nkyerɛaseɛ no betumi ayɛ den, nanso ne tiawa ne sɛ, yɛrehwɛ wo DNA, a ɛte sɛ ahyɛdeɛ a ɛma wo nipadua no yɛ adwuma.

Cheptoo: Yoo, mete aseɛ. Deɛn pɔtee na worehwehwɛ?

Sam: Yɛpɛ sɛ yɛhunu sɛ nsakraeɛ anaa "mfomsoɔ" bi wɔ wo DNA mu a ɛbɛtumi ama woanya yareɛ bi, anaa sɛ ɛbɛka sɛdeɛ wo nipadua bɛyɛ adwuma berɛ a yɛawɔ wo paneɛ sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a wonte yaw anaa yɛama wo aduro berɛ a yɛreyɛ wo operehyin no.

Sam: Yɛbɛhia wo mogya kakra anaa yɛbɛfa wo afono mu nsuo. Afei, Dɔkota Maina ne ne kuo no de kɔmputa ne afidie soronko bɛhwehwɛ mu.

Dɔkota Maina: saa pɛpɛɛpɛ! Yɛde wo DNA no bɛtoto deɛ yɛwɔ deda no ho de ahwehwɛ nsakraeɛ biara ɛwɔ mu.

Cheptoo: Na sɛ mohunu biribi a ɛdeɛn na ɛbɛsi?

Sam: Sɛ yɛhunu biribi a ɛho hia a, yɛne wo ne wo dɔkota a ɔbɛyɛ wo operehyin no bɛka ho asɛm. Ebia ɛbɛhia sɛ yɛsesa wo operehyin nhyehyɛeɛ no anaa yɛma wo aduro foforɔ na ama nnoɔma ayɛ papa ama wo.

Cheptoo: Ɛyɛ. Biribi foforɔ wɔ hɔ biom a ɛwɔ sɛ mehunu?

Sam: Ɛtae fa nna kakra ansa na yɛanya nsunsuansoɔ no. Yɛbɛbɔ mmɔden akyerɛkyerɛ mu pefee berɛ a yɛn nsa bɛka no.

Sam: Nna ase ! Wowɔ nsɛmmisa afoforɔ bio seesei?

Cheptoo: Daabi, mesusu sɛ mete aseɛ. Medaase bio!


Triage Nurse: Good morning, Ms. Zakharov. I see you're here for your scheduled vaccinations for Restless Legs Syndrome. How are you feeling today?

Olga Zakharov: I'm okay, thank you. A little tired, but that's nothing new.

Triage Nurse: I understand. Your chart shows a complex medical history. Could you please remind me of your current conditions and medications? It's important to ensure the vaccinations are safe for you.

Olga Zakharov: Of course. I have fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and irritable bowel syndrome. I'm currently taking Lyrica for the fibromyalgia, Amitriptyline for sleep, and Bentyl for the IBS.

Triage Nurse: Thank you for that information. Do you have any known allergies to medications or vaccines?

Triage Nurse: Okay, noted. Have you experienced any recent illnesses or fevers?

Triage Nurse: That's good. Based on your history and current medications, I don't see any immediate contraindications for the vaccinations. However, I'll double-check with the doctor just to be sure. In the meantime, please have a seat in the waiting area. We'll call you back shortly.

Nɛɛse: Maakye, Awuraa Zakharov. Mehunu sɛ woaba wo paneɛwɔ a wɔahyehyɛ ama ɛfa wo Nan a Wokeka no berɛ a W'ani nna wo ho so (Restless Legs Syndrome) no ho. Sɛn na wo ho te ɛnnɛ?

Olga Zakharov: Me ho yɛ, medaase. M'abrɛ kakra, nanso ɛnyɛ ade foforo.

Nɛɛse: Mete aseɛ. Wo krataa no kyerɛ wo yareɛ ho abakɔsɛm a ɛmu nteaseɛ ɛyɛ den. Wubetumi aka yareɛ a wowɔ seesei ne nnuro a wonom no akyerɛ me? Ɛho hia sɛ yɛhwɛ hu sɛ paneɛ no bɛyɛ papa ama wo.

Olga Zakharov: Aane. Me honam nyinaa ara yɛ me ya (fibromyalgia), berɛ a ɛnkɔ, ne yafunu ne nsono mu haw (irritable bowel syndrome). Seesei menom Lyrica ɛnam me honamyaa no nti, Amitriptyline ɛfa nna ho, ne Bentyl ɛfa IBS no ho.

Nɛɛse: Medaase wɔ saa nsɛm no ho. Wowɔ anaa wonim nnuro anaa paneɛ bi a wo honam mpɛ?

Nɛɛse: Yoo, yɛahyɛ no nso. Nnansa yi woyare anaa w'anya atiridii bi?

Olga Zakharov: Daabi, hwee nsii nnansa yi.

Nɛɛse: Ɛyɛ. Sɛ mehwɛ w’abakɔsɛm ne nnuro a worenom no seesei a, menhunu asɛm biara a ɛne paneɛ no bɔ ntumi nni dwuma mmɔ mu. Nanso, me ne dɔkota no bɛhwehwɛ mu bio de ahyɛ ahunu sɛ saa na ɛteɛ. Seesei, tena ase wɔ ɔtwɛnbea hɔ. Yɛbɛfrɛ wo seesei ara.


I'm writing this down because honestly, I'm embarrassed to say it out loud. I know I need to lose weight, and I know you're trying to help, but there are things I haven't told you. Things that make me feel ashamed and weak.

It started a few years ago, after my wife passed away. Food became a comfort, a way to numb the emptiness. I'd find myself eating late at night, sometimes things I didn't even like, just to fill the void. It wasn't hunger, it was... loneliness, I guess. And then the guilt would set in, and I'd promise myself I'd stop, but the cycle just kept repeating.

But that's not the only thing. I've also been struggling with these... episodes. Sometimes, out of nowhere, my heart starts racing, I get sweaty, and I feel like I can't breathe. It's terrifying. I've even passed out a couple of times. I haven't told anyone, not even my daughter, because I don't want to worry them. I just chalked it up to being out of shape, but deep down, I know it's something more.

And then there's the fatigue. It's not just being tired; it's like my body is made of lead. Some days, just getting out of bed feels like climbing a mountain. I've lost interest in things I used to enjoy, like gardening and reading. It's like the color has drained out of my life.

I know I should have told you all this sooner. I was just scared of what you might think, or what you might find. But I can't keep living like this. I want to be healthy again, for myself and for my family. Please, help me figure out what's wrong.

Meretwerɛ wei ato hɔ ɛfiri sɛ, nokwasɛm ne sɛ, ɛyɛ me aniwu sɛ mɛka. Menim sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ me so te me, na menim sɛ worebɔ mmɔden sɛ wobɛboa me, nanso nneɛma bi wɔ hɔ a menka nkyerɛɛ wo. Nneɛma a ɛma m'aniwu na me yɛ mmerɛ.

Efirii aseɛ mfeɛ kakra a atwam, berɛ a me yere wuiɛ akyi. Aduane bɛyɛɛ me awerɛkyekyerɛ, kwan a mefa so si sini a m'atɔ ano. Mehunuu sɛ metae didi anadwo, ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a, nneɛma a mempɛ mpo, sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a mɛsi ankonamyɛ no ano. Na ɛnyɛ ɛkɔm, na ɛyɛ... ankonamyɛ, mesusu. Afei na fɔdie nso aba, na m'ahyɛ me ho bɔ sɛ mɛgyae, nanso na ɛkɔ so ara yɛ saa.

Nanso ɛnyɛ ɛno nko ara ne adeɛ a ɛwɔ hɔ. Mereberɛ wɔ saa nnoɔma yinom nso ho... nsɛm yi ho. Ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a, wonhunu deɛ ɛbɛyɛ, m'akoma fi ase bɔ ntɛmntɛm, fifire te me, na mete nka sɛ mentumi nhome. Ɛyɛ ehu. Mpo matɔ piti mprɛn pii. Menka nkyerɛɛ obiara, mpo me babaa, efirisɛ mempɛ sɛ meha wɔn adwene. Me de too sɛ me so nni mu, nanso me koma mu tɔnn no, menim sɛ ɛyɛ biribi a ɛkyɛn saa.

Afei brɛ nso wɔ hɔ. Ɛnyɛ sɛ m'abrɛ kɛkɛ; mete nka sɛ me nipadua no mu ayɛ duru. Nna bi, sɛ meresɔre afiri mpa so kɛkɛ mpo a, ɛte sɛ nea mereforɔ bepɔ. Menni anigyeɛ wɔ nneɛma a na m’ani gye ho, te sɛ turo yɛ ne akenkan ho. Ɛte sɛ nea ahosuo no afi m’abrabɔ mu.

Menim sɛ anka ɛsɛ sɛ meka eyi nyinaa kyerɛ wo ntɛm. Na me suro nea ebia wobɛsusu, anaa nea ebia wobɛhu. Nanso mentumi nkɔ so ntena ase saa. Mepɛ sɛ menya apɔmuden bio, ma me ho ne m’abusua. Mepa wo kyɛw, boa me ma menhu nea ɛnkɔ yiye.


Spinal cord tumors are growths that develop within or near your spinal cord. They can be noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant). Your spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that runs down your back and carries messages between your brain and the rest of your body. Tumors can press on these nerves, causing pain, weakness, numbness, or other problems.

Symptoms can vary depending on the tumor's location and size but may include back pain that worsens at night or with activity, numbness or tingling in your arms or legs, weakness in your arms or legs, difficulty walking or balancing, changes in bowel or bladder control, or loss of sensation.

The exact cause of most spinal cord tumors is unknown. However, some genetic conditions, such as neurofibromatosis type 2 and von Hippel-Lindau disease, can increase the risk.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical exam to check for signs of nerve damage, imaging tests like MRI or CT scans to visualize the tumor, and sometimes a biopsy to determine if the tumor is cancerous.

Treatment options depend on the tumor's type, size, location, and your overall health. They may include surgery to remove as much of the tumor as possible, radiation therapy to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors, chemotherapy to destroy cancer cells using drugs, or corticosteroids to reduce swelling and inflammation around the spinal cord.

Spinal cord tumors can be a serious condition, but many people experience significant improvement with treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment offer the best chance for a positive outcome.

If you have any concerns or questions, please don't hesitate to discuss them with your healthcare provider. They can provide more specific information and guidance tailored to your situation.

Akyirikasɛɛ mu nhonoɛ yɛ adeɛ a ɛhono wɔ akyirikasɛɛ no mu anaa akyirikasɛɛ no ho. Ɛbetumi ayɛ deɛ ɛnyɛ kokoram (ɛnyɛ deɛ ɛyɛ hu) anaa ɛyɛ kokoram (deɛ ɛtumi sae). W'akyirikasɛɛ no yɛ ntini a ɛfiri wo tiri ase kɔ w'akyi na ɛde nkra firi w'adwene mu kɔ wo nipadua nkaeɛ no mu nyinaa ara. Nhonoɛ betumi amia saa ntini yi, ma wo te yaw, mmerɛyɛ, dwudwoɔ anaa ɔhaw afoforo.

Ɛho nsɛnkyerɛneɛ no bɛtumi asesa ɛnam baabi a nhonoɛ no wɔ ne ne kɛseɛ nanso yaw a wote no wɔ w'akyi a ɛmu yɛ den anadwo anaa berɛ a woreyɛ adwuma nso bɛtumi aka ho, wo nsa anaa wo nan dwodwo anaa ɛfemfem wo, wo nsa anaa wo nan mu yɛ mmerɛ, nanteɛ anaa sɛ woregyina yiye yɛ wo den, sɛdeɛ wosi kɔ tiafi anaa sɛdeɛ wo dwonsɔ sesa, anaa wo nte biribiara nka wɔ wo ho.

Yɛnnim nnoɔma a ɛde akyirikasɛɛ mu nhonoɛ pii ɛba. Nanso, abusua mu nyarewa bi, te sɛ 'neurofibromatosis type 2' ne 'von Hippel-Lindau' yareɛ, betumi ama asiane no ayɛ kɛseɛ.

Sɛdeɛ wɔhunu yareɛ no taa kyerɛ sɛ wɔbɛyɛ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu de ahwɛ sɛ ntini asɛe, mfatoho bi te sɛ MRI anaa CT skan de ahwɛ nhonoɛ no, na ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔtwa wo wedeɛ no fa baabi anaa wɔtwe wo nsuo mu bi yɛ nhwehwɛmu de hunu sɛ ebia nhonoɛ no yɛ kokoram anaa.

Ayaresa no gyina nhonoɛ no su, ne kɛseɛ, faako a ɛwɔ, ne wo sɛdeɛ w'apɔmuden teɛ. Ebetumi ayɛ oprehyɛn a wɔde yi nhonoɛ no dodoɔ no ara, radiehyin ayarehwɛ a wɔde kum kokoram mmoawa anaa wɔde te nhonoɛ no so, 'chemotherapy' a wɔde kum kokoram mmoawa berɛ a wɔde nnuru redi dwuma, anaa 'corticosteroids' a wɔde te nhonoɛ a ɛwɔ akyirikasɛɛ no ho.

Akyirikasɛɛ mu nhonoɛ betumi ayɛ yareɛ a ɛyɛ hu, nanso nnipa pii nya ayaresa a ɛyɛ na wɔn ho tɔ wɔn. Sɛ wɔhunu no ntɛm na wɔsa a, ɛma kwan pa sɛ wɔbɛnya ayaresa pa.

Sɛ wo wɔ nsɛm biara anaa nsɛmmisa bi a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wo ne wo yarehwɛfoɔ bɛkasa. Wɔbɛtumi ama wo nsɛm pɔtee ahodoɔ pii ne akwankyerɛ a ɛfa wo tebea ho.


I've been feeling completely drained lately, like I'm running on fumes and can't seem to recharge. It's not just physical exhaustion, though my body feels heavy and sluggish all the time. My mind is foggy, making it hard to concentrate on even simple tasks, and I find myself forgetting things more often. Sleep has become elusive, tossing and turning for hours, waking up feeling just as tired as when I went to bed.

Little things irritate me way more than they should, snapping at my friends or getting frustrated over minor inconveniences. There's this constant tightness in my chest, like a knot of anxiety that won't loosen up. I've lost interest in hobbies I used to enjoy, everything just feels like too much effort right now. My appetite is all over the place, either I'm not hungry at all or I'm stress-eating junk food.

I get headaches frequently, this dull throb behind my eyes that makes it hard to focus on anything. It feels like I'm carrying around this weight of worry and tension all the time, and I just want to feel like myself again. Even when I try to relax, my mind keeps racing with thoughts and worries about everything I need to do. It's exhausting, honestly, and I just need some help figuring out how to manage all this stress better so I can feel normal again.

Nnansa yi mete nka sɛ mebrɛ paa ara, te sɛ deɛ meretu mmirika berɛ a menni ahoɔden bio na merentumi nhyɛ ahoɔden no ma bio. Ɛnyɛ nipadua mu brɛ nko ara, ɛwom sɛ me nipadua no mu ayɛ duru na ɛyɛ merɛ berɛ nyinaa ara. M'adwene mu ayɛ sakasaka, ama ayɛ den sɛ mɛtumi de m'adwene asi nneɛma nketewa so mpo ho yiye, na mehu sɛ me werɛ fi nneɛma pii bere nyinaa. Nna ayɛ me den, medanedane me ho kɛtɛ so nnɔhwere pii, na masɔre a na mete nka sɛ mabrɛ te sɛ nea mekɔɔ kɛtɛ so no ara.

Nneɛma nketewa hyɛ me abufuo sen sɛnea ɛsɛ, mebu fu me nnamfo anaa me bo fu nneɛma nketewa a ɛhaw me ho. Biribi te sɛ abufuo hyɛ me koko so, te sɛ dadwen a abɔpɔ a ɛrentumi nsane. Nneɛma a na m'ani gye ho no nyinaa nyɛ me dɛ bio, biribiara te sɛ nea ɛyɛ adwuma dodo mprempren yi. M'adidie asɛe, sɛ ebia ɛkɔm nne me koraa anaa medidi dodo esiane dadwen nti.

Ti yare taa ha me, ɛyɛ yaw wɔ m'ani akyi a ɛma ɛyɛ den sɛ mɛtumi adwene biribiara ho yiye. Ɛte sɛ nea meso dadwen ne adwene a ɛhaw adwene yi bere nyinaa, na mepɛ sɛ mesan te nka sɛ me ho te. Sɛ mebɔ mmɔden sɛ mɛhome mpo a, m'adwene kɔ so dwene nneɛma a ɛsɛ sɛ meyɛ no ho. Ɛyɛ ɔbrɛ, nokware mu, na mehia mmoa na matumi adi dadwen yi so na masan ate nka sɛ me ho te apɔ.


Your doctor has referred you for a swallowing study to evaluate your swallowing muscles and identify the cause of your dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). This non-invasive procedure, typically performed by a speech-language pathologist, uses a special X-ray machine called a fluoroscope to create real-time images of your swallowing mechanism.

The study usually takes about 15-30 minutes. You will be asked to swallow small amounts of liquid and solid food mixed with barium, a contrast material that shows up clearly on X-ray. The speech-language pathologist will observe how the barium moves through your mouth, throat, and esophagus, looking for any abnormalities or difficulties.

After the study, the speech-language pathologist will discuss the findings with you and your doctor. Based on the results, they may recommend specific exercises, dietary modifications, or other therapies to improve your swallowing function and safety.

Follow any specific instructions provided by your doctor or the testing facility.

Typically, you do not need to fast before the procedure unless instructed otherwise.

Inform the staff if you have any allergies, especially to contrast materials or iodine.

Let the staff know if you are pregnant or suspect you might be.

Wear comfortable clothing without metal buttons or zippers around the neck and chest area.

If you have any questions or concerns about the swallowing study, please don't hesitate to ask your doctor or the speech-language pathologist.

Wo dɔkota asusu sɛ wɔnyɛ nhwehwɛ mfa w'ademene ho na wɔmfa nhwehwɛ wo menemu na wɔnhunu deɛ ɛkɔfaa disfagea (dyspagia) (yaw a wote berɛ a woremene adeɛ) no baaeɛ. Saa dwumadie a wɔmfa afidie nwura wo nipadua mu no, dɔkota a ɔhwɛ kasa ho yareɛ ahodoɔ na ɔtae yɛ, ɔde x-ray afidie soronko a wɔfrɛ no floroskopo (fluoroscope) na ɛyɛ na wɔde atwa mfonin ahwɛ kwan a wofa so mene adeɛ.

Nhwehwɛmu no taa di sima 15-30. Wɔbɛka akyerɛ wo sɛ mene nsuo ne nnuane kakra a wɔde barium afra mu kakra, adeɛ a ɛkyerɛ ne ho pefee wɔ 'X-ray' so. Kasa ho nimdefoɔ no bɛhwɛ sɛdeɛ barium no fa w'anom, ne wo memene mu, na ɔbɛhwehwɛ nneɛma ɛtɔ kyema anaa ɔhaw ahodoɔ biara.

Adesua no akyi no, kasa ho nimdefoɔ no ne wo ne wo dɔkota bɛsusu neɛ ɛbaeɛ no ho. Nsunsuansoɔ a ɛbɛba no na ɛbɛtumi ama wɔn akamfo apɔmutenetene pɔtee bi, nnuane a wɔbɛsesa, anaa ayaresa afoforɔ a wɔde bɛboa wo ama w'ademene atu mpɔn na abɔ wo ho ban.

Reyɛ Ahosiesie Ama Ademene ho Nhwehwɛmu:

Di akwankyerɛ biara a wo dɔkota anaa beaeɛ a wɔreyɛ nhwehwɛmu no de ama wo no so.

Mpɛn pii no, enhia sɛ wo di mmuada ansa na woayɛ saa nhwehwɛmu no gye sɛ wɔaka akyerɛ wo sɛ yɛ saa.

Bɔ adwumayɛfoɔ no amanneɛ sɛ wo wɔ nneɛma bi a wo ho mpɛ a, ne titire ne nnoɔma a ɛma mfono no da soronko ne ayodin (iodine).

Ma adwumayɛfoɔ no nhunu sɛ wo nyem anaa wo susu sɛ nyem a.

Hyɛ atadeɛ a ɛbɛma wo ho atɔ wo a dadeɛ batinse anaa sipo nni ne kɔn mu ne ne bo so.

Sɛ wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm biara fa ademene ho nhwehwɛmu no ho a, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛbisa wo dɔkota anaa kasa ho nimdefoɔ no.


Dr. Heike Mushi: "Good morning, Mr. Mokoena. I'm Dr. Mushi, your new primary care physician. Please, have a seat."

Teboho Mokoena: "Good morning, Doctor. Uh, thank you for seeing me."

Dr. Mushi: "Of course. I understand you're here for a sweat test, is that correct?"

Teboho Mokoena: "Yes, that's... that's right. My, uh, previous doctor suggested it. Said something about... ruling things out."

Dr. Mushi: "Okay. Can you tell me a little more about what's been going on? What prompted the suggestion for this test?"

Teboho Mokoena: "Well, I've been having some... unusual symptoms lately. Just... feeling off. Tired all the time, losing weight without trying... and sometimes I get these coughing fits that won't go away."

Dr. Mushi: "I see. And have you noticed any changes in your skin? Perhaps feeling saltier than usual?"

Teboho Mokoena: "Saltier? I... I haven't really thought about it. Maybe? I do sweat a lot sometimes, even when I'm not doing anything strenuous."

Dr. Mushi: "Okay. Well, the sweat test is a standard procedure used to help diagnose cystic fibrosis. It measures the amount of salt in your sweat. It's painless and usually takes about an hour."

Teboho Mokoena: "Cystic fibrosis? Isn't that something... kids get?"

Dr. Mushi: "It's most commonly diagnosed in childhood, yes. But it can also be diagnosed later in life, especially if symptoms are mild or haven't been recognized before."

Teboho Mokoena: "Oh. I... see. Is it... serious?"

Dr. Mushi: "It is a chronic condition, but with proper management, people with cystic fibrosis can lead full and active lives. Let's focus on getting the test done first and see what the results tell us. We'll take things one step at a time."

Teboho Mokoena: "Okay. One step at a time. That sounds... manageable."

Dr. Mushi: "Exactly. Now, do you have any other questions or concerns before we proceed?"

Teboho Mokoena: "No, not really. Just... a bit nervous, I guess."

Dr. Mushi: "That's completely understandable. We'll do our best to make the process as comfortable as possible for you. If you're ready, we can get started."

Teboho Mokoena: "Alright. Let's do this."

Dɔkota Heike Mushi: "Maakye, Owura. Mokoena. Me ne Dɔkota Mushi, wo dɔkota foforɔ no. Mepa wo kyɛw, tena ase."

Teboho Mokoena: "Maakye Dɔkota. Meda wo ase sɛ woama me kwan."

Dɔkota Mushi: "Yoo. Nkaaeɛ a manya ne sɛ woaba ha sɛ worebɛyɛ fifirie mu nhwehwɛmu, ɛyɛ ampa?"

Teboho Mokoena: "Aane, ɛyɛ... ɛyɛ ampa. Me dɔkota a na ɔhwɛ me no na ɔsusuu ho maa me. Ɔkaa biribi faa... biribi a yɛreyi biribi afiri hɔ."

Dɔkota Mushi: "Yoo. Wobɛtumi aka deɛ ɛrekɔ so no ho asɛm kakra akyerɛ me? Ɛdeɛn na ɛkanyan nsusuieɛ a ɛfa nhwehwɛmu yi ho?"

Teboho Mokoena: "Yoo, nansa yi manya... yareɛ nsɛnkyerɛneɛ bi a ɛyɛ nwanwa. Mente... me ho yie. Mebrɛ aberɛ nyinaa ara, mesorete a menyɛɛ hwee... na ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a mebɔ wa toa so saa."

Dɔkota Mushi: "W'asɛm yɛ. Na woahunu nsakraeɛ bi wɔ wo honam ani? Ebia sɛ wote nkyene nkyene sene sɛdeɛ wotaa teɛ no?"

Teboho Mokoena: "Nkyene nkyene? Me... Mensusuu ho. Ebia? Ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a, fifire te me pii, mpo sɛ merenyɛ adwumaden biara."

Dɔkota Mushi: "Yoo. Fifire nhwehwɛmu no yɛ kwan a wɔfa so de hunu sistik faibrɔso (cystic fibrosis) yareɛ. Ɛsusu nkyene a ɛwɔ wo fifire mu. Ɛnyɛ ya na wɔtaa de dɔnhwere baako yɛ."

Teboho Mokoena: Sistik faibrɔso? Ɛno nyɛ... mmɔfra yareɛ?"

Dɔkota Mushi: "Wɔtaa hunu wɔ mmɔfra mu, aane. Nanso wɔbɛtumi ahunu no wɔ wo mpanimfeɛ so, titire sɛ yareɛ nsɛnkyerɛneɛ no mu nyɛ den anaa wɔnhunuu no kane a."

Dɔkota Mushi: "Oh. Me... te aseɛ. Ɛyɛ... hu?"

Dɔkota Mushi: "Ɛyɛ koankorɔ yareɛ, nanso sɛ wɔhwɛ no yie a, nnipa a wɔwɔ sistik faibrɔso betumi atena ase yie. Ma yɛmmɔ mmɔden nyɛ nhwehwɛmu no ansa na yɛnhwɛ deɛ nsunsuansoɔ no bɛka akyerɛ yɛ. Yɛbɛfa no baako baako."

Teboho Mokoena: "Yoo. Baako baako. Ɛno bɛyɛ... yie."

Dɔkota Mushi: "Pɛpɛɛpɛ. Afei, wowɔ nsɛmmisa anaa nsɛm foforɔ bi ansa na yɛatoa so?"

Teboho Mokoena: "Daabi, ɛnte saa. M’akoma retu kakra, megye di saa."

Dɔkota Mushi: "Ɛyɛ nea yɛte aseɛ. Yɛbɛyɛ deɛ yɛbɛtumi biara na ama nhyehyɛeɛ no aboa ama wo ho atɔ wo. Sɛ woasiesie wo ho a, yɛbɛtumi ahyɛ aseɛ."


Skin rash on chest and back, itchy and slightly red. No known allergies.

Occasional dizziness and lightheadedness, especially when standing up quickly.

Fatigue, sleeping more than usual (10+ hours/night) but still feeling tired.

Decreased appetite, losing interest in food.

Difficulty concentrating in school, feeling "foggy."

Patient reports no fever, chills, or cough.

No recent travel or exposure to sick individuals.

Telehealth consultation with adolescent medicine specialist to discuss symptoms and determine appropriate course of action.

Honam ani nsaa wɔ ne koko so ne n'akyi, ɛyɛ hene na ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ kakra. Ɔnnim sɛ ne honam kyiri biribi a.

Anosibiri a ɛtɔ da bi a ɛba ne anisobirie a ɛba berɛ a wapagya ne mu.

Mmerɛyɛ, wo da kyɛn nea ɛsɛ (nnɔnhwere 10 ne akyire anadwo) nanso wo te nka sɛ woabrɛ.

Wontumi mfa w'adwene nsi asuadeɛ so, wo te nka sɛ "w'adwene mu nna hɔ".

Aduanedie/Wo de w'adwene resi biribi so: nnawɔtwe 2

Ɔyarefoɔ no kyerɛ sɛ ɔnni atridii, awɔ nne no, anaasɛ ɔmmɔ wa.

Ɔntuu kwan nkyɛeɛ nansa yi anaasɛ ɔne ayarefoɔ bi nni ahyia.

Ɔyarefoɔ no nni ayaresa ho abakɔsɛm biara a ɛho hia.

Tɛtɛfon so apɔmudenhwɛ nhyiamudie a wɔne mmabunu aduru mu ɔbenfo nya de susu nsɛnkyerɛnne na wɔahunu anamɔn pa a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔtu.


Paramedic: Dr. Kimambo, I just got the labs back for Mrs. Indriani, the patient with suspected spinal stenosis. Her calcium levels are way out of whack, way too high. And her creatinine is elevated too. Could this be something else?

Dr. Kimambo: High calcium and creatinine? That's concerning. We need to rule out multiple myeloma or other malignancies immediately. Forget spinal stenosis for now. We need to get her admitted and start a workup for hypercalcemia. This is urgent.

Paramedic: Okay, got it. I'll start the admission process right away. Should I order any specific imaging?

Dr. Kimambo: Yes, get a skeletal survey and a chest X-ray. And make sure to draw blood for protein electrophoresis and immunofixation. We need to figure out what's causing this.

Paramedic: Understood. I'll get right on it. Is there anything else I should be looking for?

Dr. Kimambo: Monitor her cardiac rhythm closely. Hypercalcemia can cause arrhythmias. And keep her hydrated. We need to flush out that excess calcium.

Paramedic: Will do. I'll keep you updated on her progress.

Dr. Kimambo: Thanks. This is a critical situation, so let's move fast. Mrs. Indriani needs our full attention.

Dwumayɛni ɔhwɛ wɔn a wɔhia putupru ayarehwɛ (paramɛdik): Dɔkota. Kimambo, afei na manya Awuraa Indriani apɔmuden ho nhwehwɛmu no ho mmuaeɛ, ɔyarefo no a na wɔsusu sɛ ɔwɔ akyire dompe mu haw no. Ne kaasium (calcium) dodoɔ a ɛwɔ ne mu nnyɛ adwuma yie, na ɛboro so dodo. Na ne kretenen (creatinine) nso kɔ soro. Eyi betumi ayɛ biribi foforo anaa?

Dr. Kimambo: Kaasium ne kretenen a ɛkɔ soro? Ɛyɛ asɛm a ɛyɛ hu. Ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhunu sɛ mogya mu kokoram (multiple myeloma)  anaa kokoram yareɛ (malignancies) biara nni hɔ seesei ara. Yi akyire nompe a akeka abɔsoɔ (spinal stenosis) no firi mu seesei. Ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma wɔgye no to ayaresabea ha na yɛhyɛ ase hwehwɛ ne kaasium a ɛwɔ soro no mu. Eyi yɛ adeɛ a ɛsɛ sɛ yɛyɛ no seesei ara.

Paramɛdik: Yoo, m'ate. Mɛhyɛ ase agye no wɔ ayaresabea ha seesei ara. So ɛsɛ sɛ mehwɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu bi anaa?

Dɔkota Kimambo: Yiw, ma wɔnyɛ ne nkrampan ho nhwehwɛmu ne na wɔntwa ne bo so mfonin (X-ray). Na hwɛ sɛ wobɛtwe ne mogya de ayɛ nhwehwɛmu ahunu protein dodoɔ a ɛwɔ ne mogya anaa ne dwonsɔ mu (protein electrophoresis) ne nhwehwɛmu a wɔde bɛhunu mogya mu nkwammoa a ɛnyɛ papa (immunofixation). Ɛsɛ sɛ yɛhu nea ɛde eyi reba.

Paramɛdik: M'ate aseɛ. Mɛhyɛ aseɛ seesei ara. Biribi foforo bi wɔ hɔ a ɛsɛ sɛ mehwehwɛ anaa?

Dɔkota Kimambo: Hwɛ sɛ n'akoma bɔ yiye. Kaasium a ɛdɔɔso no betumi ama akoma no abɔ wɔ kwan bi so a ɛntɔ asom. Na ma no nsuo pii. Ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma kaasium a ɛboroso no fi ne nipadua no mu.

Paramɛdik: Mɛyɛ saa. Mɛkɔ so abɔ w'amanneɛ wɔ ne mpuntuo ho.

Dɔkota Kimambo: Medaase. Eyi yɛ asɛm a ;emu ɛyɛ den, enti momma yɛnyɛ no ntɛm. Awuraa Indriani hia sɛ yɛde yɛadwene nyinaa si ne so.


Triage Nurse: Hi, welcome to the clinic. My name is Jason, and I'll be your triage nurse today. How can I help you?

Teacher: Hi, my name is David. I'm a teacher at the local high school. I'm feeling really shaky and lightheaded. I think my blood sugar is low.

Spouse: Yes, he's been acting strange all morning. He's been sweating and shaking, and he's been really confused. I'm so worried about him.

Triage Nurse: Okay, David, let's get you checked in. Can you tell me a little bit more about your symptoms? When did they start?

Teacher: It started about an hour ago. I was in the middle of teaching a class, and I started feeling really dizzy and weak. I had to sit down, and then I started shaking.

Spouse: He's diabetic, and he takes insulin. He usually manages it well, but he's been under a lot of stress lately.

Triage Nurse: I see. Do you know what your blood sugar was this morning?

Teacher: I checked it before I left the house, and it was 120.

Triage Nurse: Okay, that's a bit high, but it's not dangerously low. Let's get your vitals checked.

(The nurse checks David's blood pressure, pulse, and temperature.)

Triage Nurse: Your blood pressure is a little low, and your pulse is a little fast. Your temperature is normal. Let's check your blood sugar now.

(The nurse pricks David's finger and checks his blood sugar.)

Triage Nurse: Your blood sugar is 45. That's very low. We need to get some sugar into your system right away.

(The nurse gives David some glucose tablets and a juice box.)

Triage Nurse: Here, take these. They'll help raise your blood sugar quickly.

Triage Nurse: Yes, he'll be fine. We just need to get his blood sugar back up to a normal level. Once it's up, he should start feeling better.

(David takes the glucose tablets and drinks the juice.)

Teacher: I'm starting to feel a little better already.

Triage Nurse: That's good. We'll keep an eye on you for a while to make sure your blood sugar stays up. In the meantime, let's get you registered.

(The nurse takes David's information and enters it into the computer.)

Triage Nurse: Okay, David, you're all checked in. The doctor will be with you shortly.

Spouse: Thank you so much. We really appreciate your help.

Triage Nurse: You're welcome. Just let us know if you need anything else.

Nɛɛse: Me ma wo akwaaba kliniki ha. Me din de Jason, me na mereyɛ wo nɛɛse ɛnnɛ. Mmoa bɛn na mɛtumi de aboa wo?

Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni: Halo, me din de David. Meyɛ ɔkyerɛkyerɛni wɔ sukuu a ɛbɛn ha yi. Me ho popo na m'ani so biri me. Megye di sɛ me mogya mu asikyire so ate.

Hokani: Aane, n'adeyɛ asesa anɔpa yi nyinaa. Fifire rete no na ne ho repopo, na n'adwene mu nso nyɛ no yie. Meredwene ne ho dodo.

Nɛɛse: Yoo David, ma yɛnhwɛ wo. Wobɛtumi akyerɛ me sɛdeɛ wote nka? Ɛfii aseɛ berɛ bɛn?

Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni: Ɛfirii aseɛ bɛyɛ dɔnhwere baako a atwam no. Na merekyerɛ adeɛ na m'ani so hyɛɛ aseɛ birii me ɛna metee nka sɛ m'ayɛ merɛ. Na ɛtwa sɛ metena ase, na me ho firii aseɛ popoeɛ.

Hokani: Ɔwɔ asikyireyareɛ, na ɔfa 'insulin'. Ɔtumi di so nanso nansa yi ɔdwene dodo.

Nɛɛse: Yoo mate. Wonim asikyire dodoɔ a na ɛwɔ wo mogya mu  anɔpa yi?

Ɔkyerɛkyerɛni: Mehwɛeɛ ansa na merefiri fie na na ɛyɛ 120.

Nɛɛse: Yoo, ɛwɔ soro kakra deɛ nanso ɛnyɛ deɛ ɛwɔ fam a ɛyɛ hu. Ma yɛnhwɛ wo sɛdeɛ wo ho teɛ.

(Nɛɛse no hwɛ sɛdeɛ David mogya di aforosiane, ne sɛdeɛ n'akoma ɛbɔ, ne ne ho hyeɛ.)

Nɛɛse: Sɛdeɛ wo mogya di aforosiane no so wɔ fam kakra, na w'akoma nso bɔ ntɛm kakra. Wo ho hyeɛ no te sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ daa. Afei ma yɛnhwɛ wo mogya mu asikyire.

(Nɛɛse no de paneɛ wɔ David nsatea ano na ɔhwɛ asikyire dodoɔ a ɛwɔ.)

Nɛɛse: Wo mogya mu asikyire yɛ 45. Ɛso fam paa ara. Ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma wo asikyire seesei ara.

(Nɛɛse no ma David tablɛte a asikyire wɔ mu ne aduaba mu nsuo.)

Nɛɛse: Gye, fa eyinom. Ɛbɛboa ama wo mogya mu asikyire akɔ soro ntɛm.

Nɛɛse: Aane, ne ho bɛtɔ no. Ɛsɛ sɛ yɛma ne mogya mu asikyire kɔ soro duru baabi a ɛyɛ papa. Sɛ ɛkɔ soro a, ɔbɛte nka yie.

(David fa tablɛte a asikyire wɔ mu no na ɔnom aduaba mu nsuo no.)

Nɛɛse: Ɛyɛ. Yɛbɛhwɛ wo so kakra ahwɛ sɛ wo mogya mu asikyire no bɛkɔ so atena soro anaa. Seesei, ma yɛntwerɛ wo din.

(Nɛɛse no gye David ho nsɛm na ɔde kɔ kɔmputa no mu.)

Nɛɛse: Yoo David, yeagye wo nsɛm nyinaa ara awie. Dɔkota no bɛba abɛhwɛ wo seesei ara.

Hokani: Meda wo ase pa ara. Yɛani sɔ wo mmoa no pa ara.

Triage' Nɛɛse: Mo nyaa. Sɛ mohia biribi foforo biara a monka nkyerɛ yɛn.


Dr. Moustafa: Good morning, Mrs. Chen. I understand you're feeling a bit confused today. Can you tell me a little more about what's been happening?

Mrs. Chen: Oh, it's... everything feels so strange. Sometimes I see people who aren't there, like little children playing in the corner. And sometimes my hands shake, and I can't hold my tea cup steady. My husband says I forget things, important things.

Dr. Moustafa: I see. It sounds like you've been experiencing some visual hallucinations and tremors, along with memory difficulties. How long has this been going on?

Mrs. Chen: Maybe a few months? It's hard to say exactly. Sometimes it's better, sometimes worse. My husband, Mr. Meyer, he's worried. He says I act differently sometimes, like I'm not myself.

Dr. Moustafa: It's understandable that he's concerned. These symptoms can be quite distressing. Based on what you've described, it's possible you may be experiencing symptoms related to Lewy Body Dementia.

Mrs. Chen: Dementia? But I'm not that old... Is there a cure?

Dr. Moustafa: While there isn't a cure for Lewy Body Dementia at this time, there are treatments available to help manage the symptoms and improve your quality of life. We can discuss those options further after we complete a thorough evaluation.

Mrs. Chen: Evaluation? What does that involve?

Dr. Moustafa: We'll need to do some physical and neurological exams, and perhaps some blood tests and brain scans to rule out other possibilities. It's important to get a clear picture of what's going on so we can create the best care plan for you.

Mrs. Chen: Okay... I just want to feel like myself again.

Dr. Moustafa: We'll do our best to help you, Mrs. Chen. Let's start with the physical exam, shall we?

Dr. Moustafa: Maakye, Awuraa. Chen. M’ate aseɛ sɛ ɛnnɛ woayɛ basaa kakra. Wobɛtumi aka deɛ ɛrekɔ so no ho asɛm kakra akyerɛ me?

Owurayere Chen: Oh, ɛyɛ... biribiara yɛ me nwanwa. Ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a mehunu nnipa a wɔnni hɔ, te sɛ mmofra nketewa a wɔredi agorɔ wɔ mantwea hɔ. Na ɛtɔ da a me nsa woso, na mentumi nkura me tii kuruwa no mu yie. Me kunu se me werɛ firi nnoɔma, nnoɔma a ɛhia.

Dr. Moustafa: M’ate. Ɛte sɛ deɛ worehunu nnoɔma bi a ɛnni hɔ na wo nsa nso woso, a wo werɛ nso firi nnoɔma. Mmerɛ ahen na wei akɔso?

Owurayere Chen: Ɛbɛyɛ abosome kakra bi ni? Ɛyɛ den sɛ mɛka no pɛpɛɛpɛ. Ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a ɛyɛ, ɛtɔ da nso a ɛnnyɛ. Ɛha e kunu, Owura. Meyer. Ɔse ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a meyɛ nnoɔma bi, te sɛ deɛ ɛnyɛ me na meyɛ.

Dr. Moustafa: Nteaseɛ wɔ mu sɛ ɔredwene ho. Nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ yi betumi aha adwene pa ara. Sɛdeɛ woaka no, ɛbɛtumi aba sɛ worenya Lewy Body Dementia ho nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ.

Owurayere Chen: Awerɛfie? Nanso mennyinii saa... Ɛyɛ deɛ yɛtumi sa?

Dr. Moustafa: Ɛwom sɛ seesei 'Lewy Body Dementia' nni aduro deɛ, nanso ayaresa akwan ahodoɔ wɔ hɔ a ɛbɛboa ama yɛahyɛ nsɛnkyerɛnneɛ no so na ama w'asetena ayɛ yie. Yɛbɛtumi asusu saa nnoɔma no ho kɔ akyiri wɔ berɛ a yɛawie wo nhwehwɛmu no.

Dr. Moustafa: Ɛho bɛhia sɛ yɛyɛ nipadua ne ntini mu nhwehwɛmu bi, na ebia mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ne adwene mu nhwehwɛmu bi nso na yɛde ayi nnoɔma afoforɔ a yɛsusu afiri hɔ. Ɛhia sɛ yɛhunu deɛ ɛrekɔ so no yie na yɛatumi ayɛ nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛfata a yɛde bɛhwɛ wo.

Owurayere Chen: Yoo... Mepɛ sɛ mete nka sɛdeɛ na meteɛ no bio.

Dr. Moustafa: Yɛbɛyɛ deɛ yɛbɛtumi biara de aboa wo, Owurayere. Chen. Yɛmfiri aseɛ wɔ nipadua mu nhwehwɛmu no so, yɛnhyɛ aseɛ?


Doctor: Good morning, Mr. O'Connell. How are you feeling today?

Mr. O'Connell: Fine, Doctor. Just here for the results, as you know. I don't like wasting time.

Doctor: Understood. Let's get straight to it then. Looking at your recent lab work, your A1C levels are slightly elevated, which could indicate prediabetes. However, your cholesterol and blood pressure are well within the normal range.

Mr. O'Connell: Prediabetes? I exercise every day, eat clean. Never had a sweet tooth in my life.

Doctor: It can be surprising, but genetics and other factors play a role too. The good news is, we caught it early. With some minor adjustments to your diet and maybe adding a bit more variety to your exercise routine, we can manage this effectively.

Mr. O'Connell: Adjustments? Like what? I'm not keen on changing my routine unnecessarily.

Doctor: We can discuss specifics, but generally, focusing on complex carbohydrates and incorporating strength training alongside your cardio could be beneficial. It's about fine-tuning, not overhauling everything.

Mr. O'Connell: Fine-tuning. I can handle that. As long as I can keep up with my morning runs.

Doctor: Absolutely. Your dedication to fitness is a major asset here. We'll work together to ensure you stay healthy and active for years to come.

Mr. O'Connell: Good. Now, about those adjustments... let's hear the details.

Dɔkota: Maakye, Owura O'Connell. Wo ho te sɛn ɛnnɛ?

Owura O'Connell: Me ho yɛ, Dɔkota. Merepɛ nsunsuansoɔ sɛnea wonim no. Mempɛ sɛ mɛsɛe berɛ.

Dɔkota: M'ate aseɛ. Yɛnkɔ so prɛko. Sɛ yɛhwɛ nhwehwɛmu a yɛyɛɛ no wɔ laabo no nansa yi a, wo A1C no kɔ soro kakra, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ asikyire yareɛ no tumi kye wo. Nanso, wo sradeɛ ne sɛdeɛ wo mogya di aforosiane no ne yɛ papa.

Owura O'Connell: Mɛtumi anya asikyireyareɛ? Metenetene me mpɔ mu dabiara, medi nnuane pa. Menni asikyire dodoɔ wɔ m'abrabɔ mu da.

Dɔkota: Ebetumi ayɛ nwanwa, nanso gyɛnɛtikse ne nneɛma foforɔ nso tumi de ba. Nea ɛyɛ anigyeɛ ne sɛ, yɛahunu no ntɛm. Sɛ yɛyɛ nsakraeɛ kakra wɔ w'aduane mu na ebia yɛde nneɛma foforo ka w'apɔmtenetene no ho a, yɛbetumi asi ano yie.

Owura O'Connell: Nsakraeɛ? Te sɛ dɛn? Mempɛ sɛ mɛsesa me nneyɛɛ kwa.

Dɔkota: Yɛbetumi akasa fa emu nsɛm ho, nanso ne titiriw, sɛ yɛtwe adwene si nnuane a ahoɔden wɔ mu so na yɛde ahoɔden ho apɔmutenetene aka sɛdeɛ w'akoma bɛdi dwuma ho no ɛbɛboa. Ɛfa sɛ yɛreyɛ nsakraeɛ no nkrakra nkakra na ɛnyɛ sɛ yɛbɛsesa biribiara amonomu.

Owura O'Connell: Sɛ yɛresesa no nkakra nkakra. Metumi ayɛ saa. Sɛ metumi akɔ so atu me mmirika anɔpa a.

Dɔkota: Saa pɛpɛɛpɛ. Wo pɛ a wode tenetene wo mpɔ mu no boa paa. Yɛbɛyɛ adwuma abɔm ahwɛ sɛ wobɛkɔ so anya ahoɔden na wo ho akɔ so ayɛ den mfeɛ pii a ɛreba no mu.

Owura O'Connell: Ɛyɛ. Afei, ɛfa saa nsakraeɛ no ho... ma yɛnte emu nsɛm no.


Student: Hello, this is Joao Silva, a medical student working with the after-hours nurse line. How can I help you?

Caller: Hi, my name is Koos Van Der Merwe. I'm calling because I'm worried about my family history of kidney disease. My father and grandfather both had kidney failure, and I'm wondering if I'm at risk.

Student: I understand your concern, Mr. Van Der Merwe. It's important to know your family history so that we can assess your risk and take steps to prevent or manage kidney disease. Can you tell me more about your father and grandfather's kidney disease? Did they have any other medical conditions, such as diabetes or high blood pressure?

Caller: My father had high blood pressure, but my grandfather was healthy until his kidneys failed. They both started dialysis in their 60s.

Student: Okay, that's helpful information. Based on your family history, you may be at increased risk for kidney disease. However, there are many factors that can contribute to kidney disease, so it's important to see a doctor for a full evaluation. I recommend that you make an appointment with your primary care physician to discuss your family history and get your kidney function checked.

Caller: Okay, I will do that. Thank you for your help.

Student: You're welcome, Mr. Van Der Merwe. Please don't hesitate to call back if you have any other questions.

Sukuuni: Agoo, me ne Joao Silva, osuani a ɔresua kwan a wɔfa so sa yareɛ a ɔne nɛɛsefoɔ a wɔyɛ adwuma anadwo no na ɛyɛ adwuma. Ɔkwan bɛn na mɛfa so aboa wo?

Frɛfoɔ: Halo, me din de Koos Van Der Merwe. Merefrɛ, ɛfiri sɛ abusua abakɔsɛm a yɛwɔ fa saawa yareɛ no ho no reteetee me. Me papa ne me nana barima nyinaa ara saawa no gyaee adwumayɛ, na merebisa sɛ ebia me nso metumi anya bi anaa.

Sukuuni: Mete nea woreka no ase, Owura Van Der Merwe. Ɛho hia sɛ wobɛhunu w'abusua abakɔsɛm sɛdeɛ ɛbɛyɛ a yɛbɛtumi ahwɛ wo tebea na yɛafa kwan a ɛfata so asi saawa yareɛ no kwan anaa yɛahwɛ no yie. Wobɛtumi aka wo papa ne wo nana barima saawa yareɛ no ho asɛm pii akyerɛ me? Na wɔwɔ nyarewa foforɔ bi te sɛ asikyireyareɛ anaa mogya mmorosoɔ?

Frɛfoɔ: Na me papa wɔ mogya mmorosoɔ, nanso me nana barima deɛ na ɔwɔ apɔmuden kɔsii sɛ ne saawa no gyaee adwumayɛ. Wɔn mmienu no nyinaa hyɛɛ aseɛ kɔɔ saawa mu dwira mu berɛ a wɔdii mfeɛ 60 no.

Sukuuni: Yoo, saa asɛm no bɛboa. Sɛ yɛregyina w'abusua abakɔsɛm so no, akwanya kɛseɛ wɔ hɔ sɛ wobɛtumi anya saawa yareɛ no bi. Nanso, nneɛma pii na ɛde saawa yareɛ ba, enti ɛho hia sɛ wohu dɔkota ma ɔyɛ wo nhwehwɛmu yie. Metu wo fo sɛ  yɛ nhyehyɛeɛ na kɔhunu wo dɔkota a ɔhwɛ wo no na wo ne no nsusu w'abusua abakɔsɛm ho na afei ɔnhwɛ sɛdeɛ wo saawa no yɛ adwuma fa.

Frɛfoɔ: Yoo, mɛyɛ saa. Meda wo ase wɔ wo mmoa no ho.

Sukuuni: Ɛna ase, Owura Van Der Merwe. Mesrɛ wo, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛsan afrɛ yɛn sɛ wo wɔ nsɛmmisa biara a.


Sports injuries can be challenging, but the road to recovery offers an opportunity to emerge stronger and more resilient. This journey is about more than healing physically; it's about rediscovering your inner strength and potential. While the changes in your appearance might feel discouraging now, remember that your true worth extends far beyond the physical. Your body is healing, and with time and dedication, you will regain your strength and confidence. Focus on small victories each day, celebrating every step forward in your rehabilitation. Surround yourself with supportive loved ones who uplift and encourage you. Remember that setbacks are a natural part of the process, and overcoming them builds character and perseverance. Embrace this time as a chance to explore new interests and hobbies that bring you joy. Trust in your body's incredible ability to heal and adapt. You possess the determination to overcome this challenge and reclaim your active lifestyle. Believe in yourself, stay patient, and know that a brighter, stronger future awaits.

Agokansie mu apirakuru betumi ayɛ den, nanso ayaresa kwan no ma kwan a wɔde bɛsan aba a wɔyɛ den na wɔtumi gyina mu yiye. Akwantu yi fa ade pii ho sen honam fam ayaresa; ɛfa w’ankasa w’ahoɔden ne wo tumi a wobehu bio ho. Ɛwom sɛ wo ho tebea a ɛsesa no betumi ama woapa abaw mprempren de, nanso kae sɛ wo bo a wosom ankasa no tra honam fam de no. Wo nipadua no renya ayaresa, na bere ne ahofama mu no, wo nsa bɛka w’ahoɔden ne wo gyidi bio. Fa w’adwene si nkonimdi nkumaa so da biara da, na gye w'ani aberɛ biara wɔ w'ayarehwɛ no mu. Wo ne adɔfo a wɔboa wo, na wɔhyɛ wo nkuran no mmɔ. Kae sɛ ɔhaw ahodoɔ yɛ nnoɔma a ɛka akwantuo yi ho, na sɛ wodi so nkonim a, ɛhyɛ su ne boasetɔ. Fa bere yi yɛ kwan a wode bɛhwehwɛ nneɛma afoforo w'ani gye ho na ɛma wanigyeɛ. Gye wo nipadua no tumi a ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛde sa yare na ɛyɛ nsakrae no di. Wowɔ ɔpɛ a wode bedi ɔhaw yi so na woasan sɛdeɛ na wo teɛ no bio. Gye wo ho di, nya abotare, na hunu sɛ daakye a ɛyɛ papa retwɛn da w'anim.


"So, Mr. Sithole, we've reviewed the imaging from your fall," Dr. Mthembu said, his voice heavy.

Peter swallowed, his throat tight. "And?" he asked, the single word echoing in the sterile room.

"There's no easy way to say this," Dr. Mthembu continued, turning the monitor to face Peter. "The impact revealed a pre-existing condition, a cavernous malformation in your brain."

Peter stared at the image, a cluster of red and purple splotches like a bruise on the grey matter. "What does that mean?"

"It's a cluster of abnormal blood vessels," the doctor explained. "They're fragile and prone to leaking. The fall likely caused a small hemorrhage, which is why you've been experiencing these headaches and vision problems."

"Is it... operable?" Peter asked, his voice barely a whisper.

Dr. Mthembu sighed. "It's located in a very sensitive area, near the motor cortex. Surgery carries significant risks, including paralysis."

"The risk of further bleeding is always there," the doctor said, his gaze unwavering. "And with each bleed, the damage could be worse."

Peter closed his eyes, the weight of the news pressing down on him. "So, it's a ticking time bomb," he murmured.

"In a way, yes," Dr. Mthembu conceded. "But we can manage it. Medication, lifestyle changes... there are options."

"Options," Peter repeated, the word tasting bitter in his mouth. "For a civil engineer who relies on his brain and his body? It sounds like a life sentence."

"It's a challenge, certainly," Dr. Mthembu said softly. "But you're not alone in this, Mr. Sithole. We'll navigate this together."

Peter opened his eyes, looking at the doctor, then back at the image on the screen. The splotch seemed to pulsate, a silent threat in the depths of his mind. "Together," he echoed, the word hollow. "I suppose we will."

"Enti, Owura Sithole, yɛahwɛ mfonini a yɛtwaeɛ wɔ w'ahweaseɛ no akyiri no," Dɔkota Mthembu de ɛnne a ɛmu yɛ du kaeɛ.

Peter menee ntasuo, ne menemu kyeree no. "Na?" ɔbisaeɛ, na asɛm baako no gyigyee wɔ dan no mu.

"Ɔkwan biara nni hɔ a mɛfa so aka wei," Dɔkota Mthembu toaa so, na ɔdanee monita no kyerɛɛ Peter. "Asehwe no ama yɛahunu biribi a na ɛwɔ hɔ dada, ntini ahodoɔ a bi a ɛnnyɛ papa wɔ w'adwene mu a ɛmma mogya nni aforosiane yie."

Peter hwɛɛ mfonini no, kɔkɔɔ ne afasebiri bi a ɛte sɛ akuru wɔ adwene no ho no. "Wei kyerɛ sɛn?"

"Ɛyɛ mogya ntini a ɛnyɛ," dɔkota no kyerɛkyerɛɛ mu. "Ɛyɛ mmerɛ na ɛtumi pae. Ebia asehwe no na ɛmaa mogya ketewa bi tuu guu w’adwene mu, ɛno nti na wo ti yɛ wo ya na wontumi nhunu adeɛ yie no."

"Wɔtumi... yɛ ho operehyin?" Peter bisaeɛ, na ne nne ayɛ sɛdeɛ ɔreka asɛm agu obi asom no.

Dɔkota Mthembu guu ahomee. "Ɛwɔ beaeɛ a ɛho hia paa ara, ɛbɛn baabi a ɛma wotumi keka wo ho. Operehyin no bɛtumi de asiane kɛseɛ, a sɛ wobɛtumi adwodwo ka ho aba."

"Asiane sɛ mogya bɛtu agu mu no wɔ hɔ daa," dɔkota no kaeɛ, na w'ammɔ n'ani. "Na mogya biara a ɛbɛtu no, ɔhaw no ano bɛyɛ den."

Peter kataa n'ani, na asɛm no mu duru no hyɛɛ no so. "Enti, mmerɛ a yɛwɔ no sua," ɔbuebue n'ano.

"Ɔkwan bi so no, yiw," Dɔkota Mthembu gye too mu. "Nanso yɛbɛtumi ahwɛ so. Nnuro, asetena mu nsakraeɛ... akwan ahodoɔ wɔ hɔ."

"Akwan ahodoɔ," Peter tii mu, na asɛm no annyɛ no dɛ. "Ɔdansini a ɔyɛ nimdefo a ɔde n'adwene ne ne nipadua yɛ adwuma? Ɛte sɛ deɛ wɔabua no kumfɔ."

"Ɛyɛ den, ɛyɛ nokware," Dɔkota Mthembu kaa no brɛoo. "Nanso ɛnnyɛ wo nko ara na wowɔ wei mu, Owura Sithole. Yɛbɛbɔ mu adi ho dwuma."

Peter buee n'ani, hwɛɛ dɔkota no, na ɔsan hwɛɛ mfonini no wɔ skrin no so. Na mogya a aboa ano no keka ne ho, asiane a ɛwɔ n'adwene mu dinn. "Yɛbɛbɔ mu," ɔtii mu, na ahoɔden biara nni asɛm no mu. "Megye di sɛ yɛbɛyɛ."


Doctor, my stomach feels like it's twisting in knots. The pain is really sharp, and it's making me feel nauseous. It started a couple of hours ago and hasn't let up. I've tried drinking some water, but even that seems to make it worse. I'm worried because I've never felt anything quite like this before. It's mostly centered around my belly button, but sometimes it shoots towards the right side. I feel a bit feverish too, but I haven't checked my temperature yet. Could this be something serious?

Dɔkota, me yafunu te sɛ nea ɛrbobɔ apɔ. Yaw no yɛ ya paa, na ɛma me te nka sɛ mɛfe. Ɛhyɛɛ aseɛ bɛyɛ dɔnhwerew kakra a atwam no na ɛnyɛɛ yie. M'abɔ mmɔden sɛ mɛnom nsuo kakra, nanso ɛno mpo ma no yɛ den kɛse. Ɛha me ɛfiri sɛ mentee nka sei bi da. Ɛtaa yɛ me furuma ho nanso ɛtɔ da a ɛbɔ kɔ me nifa so. Mete nka sɛ me ho ayɛ hye nanso menhwehwɛɛ mu. Wei bɛtumi ayɛ asɛm kɛseɛ?


Telehealth Specialist: Yes, it is. My name is Bongani, and I'll be assisting you today. How can I help you?

Patient: Hi Bongani, my name is Arthur Thompson. I'm calling about scheduling my radiation therapy sessions. My doctor recommended it for my prostate cancer.

Telehealth Specialist: Okay, Mr. Thomas. I can definitely help you with that. Do you have your doctor's referral handy?

Patient: Yes, I do. It's right here. Dr. Tsehay Nesibu from the oncology department sent it over.

Telehealth Specialist: Great. Can you please read me the referral number?

Telehealth Specialist: Thank you, Mr. Thomas. Let me pull up your file.

(Pause while Bongani accesses the system)

Telehealth Specialist: Okay, I see your referral here. It looks like Dr. Nesibu has recommended a course of external beam radiation therapy. Have you had any previous radiation treatments?

Telehealth Specialist: Okay. We'll need to schedule a consultation with one of our radiation oncologists to discuss the treatment plan in more detail and answer any questions you may have. Would you prefer a video call or a phone call for the consultation?

Patient: A video call would be better, I think. It's easier to understand things when I can see the doctor.

Telehealth Specialist: That's understandable. We have availability for a video consultation next Tuesday at 10:00 AM or Thursday at 2:00 PM. Which time works best for you?

Patient: Tuesday at 10:00 AM sounds good.

Telehealth Specialist: Okay, I've scheduled you for a video consultation with Dr. Dao Davis on Tuesday, October 24th at 10:00 AM. You'll receive an email with a link to join the video call.

Patient: Thank you, Bongani. That's very helpful.

Telehealth Specialist: You're welcome, Mr. Thomas. Do you have any other questions for me today?

Patient: No, I think that covers everything for now. Thanks again for your help.

Telehealth Specialist: You're welcome. Have a good day, Mr. Thomas.

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Aane, ɛyɛ saa. Me din de Bongani, na me na mɛboa wo ɛnnɛ. Ɛdeɛn na metumi ayɛ ama wo?

Ɔyarefoɔ: Halo Bongani, me din de Arthur Thompson. Merefrɛ fa  me radiehyin ayaresa nhyehyɛeɛ ho. Me dɔkota na ɔsusu maa me fa me 'prostate' kokoram no.

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Yoo, Owura Thomas. Mɛtumi aboa wo wɔ ɛno ho. Wowɔ krataa a dɔkota no de kyerɛɛ wo kwan no wɔ hɔ anaa?

Ɔyarefoɔ: Aane, mewɔ bi. Ɛwɔ ha. Dr. Tsehay Nesibu a ɔwɔ 'oncology' asoeɛ no na ɔde baeɛ.

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Ɛyɛ paa ara. Wobɛtumi akenkan krataa no nɔma no akyerɛ me?

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Meda wo ase, Owura Thomas. Ma menhwɛ wo krataa no.

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Yoo, mehunu krataa no wɔ ha. Ɛrekame ayɛ sɛ Dɔkota Nesibu radiehyin kaneɛ nyɛ ayaresa no. Woanya ayaresa bi da a wɔde radiehyin na ɛyɛɛeɛ?

Ɔyarefoɔ: Daabi, wei ne me mmere a edikan.

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Yoo. Ɛbɛhia sɛ yɛhyehyɛ ɛberɛ a yɛne radiehyin ɔnkɔlɔgis baako bɛkasa fa ayaresa nhyehyɛeɛ no ho kɔ akyiri na yɛabua nsɛmmisa biara a wowɔ. Wobɛpɛ sɛ yɛfrɛ wo fa kasamfonin so anaa fon so yɛne wo di nkɔmmɔ?

Ɔyarefoɔ: Mesusu sɛ wɔfrɛ me fa kasamfonin so a na ɛyɛ. Ɛyɛ mmerɛ sɛ mete nneɛma ase berɛ a metumi hunu dɔkota no.

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Nteaseɛ wɔ mu. Yɛwɔ kwan ma kasamfonin so nkitahodie no wɔ Benada a ɛreba yi anɔpa 10:00 anaa Yawoada awia 2:00. Ɛberɛ bɛn na ɛyɛ ma wo?

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Yoo, m'ahyehyɛ kasamfonin so nkitahodie ama wo ne Dɔkota Dao Davis wɔ Benada, Ahineme 24 anɔpa 10:00. Wobenya emeeli a ɛwɔ linke a wode bɛtumi akɔ kasamfonin nkitahodie no mu.

Ɔyarefoɔ: Meda wo ase, Bongani. Ɛno boa paa.

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Enni aseda, Owura Thomas. Wowɔ nsɛmmisa afoforɔ bi ma me ɛnnɛ?

Ɔyarefoɔ: Dabi, mesusu sɛ ɛno nko ara ne no seesei. Meda wo ase bio wɔ wo mmoa ho.

Tɛtɛfon so Ayarehwɛ Nimdefoɔ: Enni aseda. Nya da pa, Owura Thomas.


My breathing has been a struggle lately, a lot harder than usual. It feels like I can't quite catch enough air, even when I'm just sitting still. It's not a sharp pain, more like a heaviness in my chest, a constant reminder that something isn't right. I've been trying to take it easy, not overdo it, but even simple things like walking to the bathroom leave me winded.

It's been going on for a few weeks now, getting slowly worse. At first, I thought it might just be a cold or something, but it hasn't gone away. Sometimes, I wake up in the night feeling like I'm suffocating, gasping for air. It's scary, honestly. I've also noticed my ankles are a bit swollen, more than usual. And I've been coughing a bit, a dry, hacking cough that doesn't seem to bring anything up.

I know my health history is a bit complicated. I've been dealing with heart issues for years, and my kidneys haven't been the best either. Plus, there's the diabetes and the high blood pressure. It's a lot to manage, I know. But this breathing thing feels different, more urgent. I'm hoping the doctors can figure out what's going on and help me feel better. I just want to be able to breathe easily again.

Nnansa yi m'ahomegyeɛ ayɛ den, ɛmu ayɛ den koraa kyɛn sɛdeɛ ɛteɛ daa. Ɛyɛ me sɛ mintumi nnye mframa a ɛsɛ, mpo sɛ mete hɔ nta mennyɛ hwee a. Ɛnyɛ yaw a ano yɛ den, na mmom ɛyɛ me te sɛ biribi ahyɛ m'akoma so, a ɛka kyerɛ me sɛ biribi nkɔ yie. M'abɔ mmɔden sɛ mennhaw me ho pii, menteetee, nanso nneɛma nketewa te sɛ nanteɛ a mede rekɔ adwareɛ nno mpo ma me home pii.

Akɔ so bɛyɛ nnawɔtwe kakra nie, na ɛkɔ so sɛe ara. Ahyɛaseɛ no, na mesusu sɛ ɛyɛ papu anaa adeɛ bi, nanso ɛnkɔeɛ. Ɛtɔ mmerɛ bi a, mesɔre anadwo a ɛyɛ me sɛ mentumi nhome, me ho kyere me sɛ mɛhome. Nokwasɛm ne sɛ, ɛyɛ hu. Afei nso, m'ahunu sɛ me nanpɔ so ahonhon kakra, a ɛboro deɛ ɛteɛ daa no so. Na mebɔ wa kakra, ɛwa a ahorɔ mfiri mu mma,me bɔ ɛwa no nketenkete a hwee mfiri mu mma.

Menim sɛ m'apɔmuden ho asɛm mu nteaseɛ no mu nna hɔ yie. M'anya akomayare mfeɛ pii ni, na me saa nso nhyɛɛ da nyɛɛ yie. Afei nso, asikyireyare ne mogya mmorosoɔ nso wɔ hɔ. Ɛyɛ pii ma me, menim. Nanso home yi ho asɛm yi deɛ ɛyɛ soronko, ɛhia sɛ mehwɛ ho asɛm ntɛm. Merehwɛ kwan sɛ adɔkotafoɔ no bɛtumi ahunu deɛ ɛrekɔ so na wɔaboa me ma m'ate apɔ. Mepɛ sɛ metumi home yie bio kɛkɛ.


This is a medical communication for Mustafizur Rahman, an electrician with Bautista's Volt Ventures. He had a rough encounter with a faulty circuit and suffered a mild electric shock and some burns. He's recovering well but needs to stay off his feet and rest his hands for the next few days. He should be good to return to work on Monday, November 20th. If there are any complications or he's not feeling up to it by then, he'll let us know. Thanks for understanding!

Eyi yɛ ayaresa nkitahodie ma Mustafizur Rahman, a ɔyɛ anyinam ahoɔden dwumayɛni wɔ Bautista Volt Ventures. Onyaa ɔhaw wɔ anyina ahoɔden ho na ɛkyɛɛ no na ɛmaa no hyehyee kakra. Ɔrenya ayaresa yie nanso ɛho hia sɛ ɔtena fie na ɔgyae adwumayɛ na ne nsa no nya home wɔ nna kakra a ɛdi hɔ no mu. Ɛsɛ sɛ ɔtumi san kɔ adwuma mu wɔ Dwoada, Obubuo da a ɛtɔ so 20. Sɛ ɔhaw biara ba anaa ɔnte nka sɛ ne ho yɛ a, ɔbɛma yɛahunu. Yɛda wo ase wɔ wo nteaseɛ ho!


Please get a blood test to check for anemia and other blood disorders.

Take an iron supplement as directed by your doctor.

Increase your intake of iron-rich foods, such as red meat, poultry, fish, beans, and leafy green vegetables.

Schedule a follow-up appointment with Dr. Elara Vance in two weeks to review your blood test results and discuss further treatment options.

Avoid strenuous activity until your blood counts improve.

Monitor your symptoms and report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor immediately.

Note: While your primary care physician diagnosed you with food poisoning, your symptoms and physical examination suggest anemia may be the underlying cause. Further testing is necessary to confirm this diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment.

Yɛserɛ, kɔyɛ wo mogya nhwehwɛmu na hwɛ sɛ wo mogya so nteeɛ anaa ɛho nni asɛm biara.

Di nnuane wɔde ahoɔden nnuro ayɔn afra sɛnea wo dɔkota akyerɛ wo no.

Di nnuane a ɛma mogya, te sɛ mogyanam, nkokɔ, mpataa, adua ne atosodeɛ a ɛyɛ nhaban.

Yɛ nhyehyɛeɛ sane kɔhunu Dr. Elara Vance wɔ dapɛn mmienu akyi na ɔnhwɛ wo mogya nhwehwɛmu no mu na ɔne wo nsusu akwan ahodoɔ a wɔbɛfa so asa wo yareɛ no.

Nnyɛ adwuma den kɔsi sɛ wo mogya no bɛkɔ soro.

Hwɛ nsɛnkyerɛnne no yie na bɔ wo dɔkota amanneɛ ntɛm ara sɛ ɛresesa a.

Hyɛ no nso: Ɛwom sɛ wo dɔkota no ka kyerɛɛ wo sɛ wanya aduane mu awuduro deɛ, nanso wo yareɛ no ne ne nhwehwɛmu no kyerɛ sɛ ebia na wonni mogya. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu foforɔ de hwɛ deɛ yareɛ no firi na wɔahunu kwan pa a wɔbɛfa so asa.


Health Literacy Instructions for Mr. Kaelen Vance

It's great that you're here, even if it wasn't entirely your idea! Taking steps to understand your health better is one of the most empowering things you can do for yourself and your loved ones.

Here are a few simple instructions to help you get the most out of today's visit and start building your health literacy:

1. Ask questions, no matter how small. There are no "dumb" questions when it comes to your health. If something isn't clear, ask me to explain it again or in a different way. I'm here to help you understand, not just lecture you.

2. Be honest about your concerns. If you're worried about a medication side effect, a potential diagnosis, or simply don't understand why a certain test is needed, tell me. Open communication is key to building a strong partnership in your healthcare.

3. Take notes or ask for written instructions. It can be hard to remember everything discussed during a doctor's visit. feel free to take notes or ask me to write down key points, medication instructions, or follow-up steps.

4. Bring a list of your medications. Knowing what medications you're taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, helps me get a complete picture of your health and avoid potential interactions.

5. Tell me how you prefer to learn. Do you learn best by reading pamphlets, watching videos, or having things explained verbally? Let me know your preference so I can tailor my communication to your needs.

Remember, you are the expert on your own body and experiences. By actively participating in your healthcare, you're taking control of your well-being and setting yourself up for a healthier future. Let's work together to make sure you have the knowledge and confidence to make informed decisions about your health.

Apɔmuden nkyerɛkyerɛ ma Owura Kaelen Vance

Ɛyɛ anigyesɛm sɛ woaba, mpo sɛ na ɛnyɛ wo nsusuieɛ a. Sɛ woretu anamɔn ate w'apɔmuden ase yie no yɛ adeɛ a ɛbɛtumi ama woanya tumi wɔ nneɛma a wobɛtumi ayɛ ama wo ho ne w'adɔfo so.

Nhyehyɛeɛ kakra a ɛbɛboa wo ama woanya nneɛma pii wɔ ɛnnɛ nsrahwɛ no mu ne apɔmuden ho nimdeɛ a worebɛnya no nie:

1. Bisa nsɛm, sɛ ɛsua koraa mpo a. Sɛ ɛba w'apɔmuden ho a, nsɛmmisa biara nyɛ "kwaseasɛm". Sɛ asɛm bi mu nna hɔ a, ka kyerɛ me ma menkyerɛkyerɛ mu bio anaasɛ menfa ɔkwan foforɔ so nkyerɛkyerɛ mu. Maba sɛ mɛrebɛboa wo ama woate aseɛ, na ɛnyɛ sɛ mɛkasa akyerɛ wo kɛkɛ.

2. Ka nokore fa wo haw nyinaa ara ho. Sɛ wodwene sɛ aduro a wobɛnom no bɛma wo nsunsuansoɔ bɔne bi, yareɛ bi a ebia wɔbɛhunu, anaasɛ wonte nea enti a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔyɛ nhwehwɛmu bi ase a, ka kyerɛ me. Nkitahodi a ɛda adi pefee no yɛ ade titiriw a ɛboa ma wɔyɛ biakoyɛ a ɛyɛ den wɔ w’apɔmuden ho nhyehyɛe mu.

3. Twerɛ anaa bisa nkyerɛkyerɛ a wɔatwerɛ. Ɛbɛtumi ayɛ den sɛ wobɛkae biribiara a wɔkaa ho asɛm bere a wokɔɔ dɔkota hɔ no. wwɔ ho kwan sɛ wobɛtumi atwerɛ nsɛm anaa bisa me ma mentwerɛ nsɛm titiriw, aduro ho akwankyerɛ, anaa nneɛma a wobɛyɛ akyiri yi.

4. Fa w’aduro a worenom nyinaa ara din bra. Sɛ merehunu nnuro a worenom no, ne deɛ wotɔɔ no adurutɔbea no ne nnuro a ahoɔdennnuro wɔ mu boa me ma me te w'apɔmuden nsɛm nyinaa ara ase na ama yɛahunu sɛdeɛ nnuro no bɔ mu dwuma na amfa nsunsuansoɔ bɔne biara amma.

5. Ka ɔkwan a wopɛ sɛ wosua adeɛ kyerɛ me. So wosua ade yie berɛ a wokenkan nhoma nketewa, sinihwɛ mu, anaa nneɛma a wɔkasa kyerɛ wo so? Ma menhu nea wopɛ na ama matumi ayɛ me nkitahodi no sɛnea wopɛ.

Kae sɛ, wo na wonim wo nipadua ne wo suahu yie. Sɛ wode wo ho rehyɛ w’apɔmuden ho nhyehyɛe mu no, worenya w’apɔmuden so tumi na woasiesie wo ho ama daakye a apɔmuden wom. Ma yɛnyɛ adwuma mmom na yɛnhwɛ sɛ wobɛnya nimdeɛ ne ahotoso a wode bɛsi w’apɔmuden ho gyinae a ɛfata.


Doctor: Good morning, Mr. Diouf. I'm Dr. Tran. I understand you're here because you're experiencing some complications after your duodenal switch surgery?

Doctor: Can you tell me a bit more about what's going on?

Mr. Diouf: I've been having a lot of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. And I've lost quite a bit of weight since the surgery.

Doctor: I see. When did these symptoms start?

Mr. Diouf: A few weeks ago, gradually getting worse.

Doctor: And have you been able to keep any food or liquids down?

Mr. Diouf: Not much. Just a few sips of water here and there.

Doctor: Okay. Let's take a look at you. Can you lie down on the exam table for me?

(Dr. Tran examines Mr. Diouf's abdomen, listening with a stethoscope and palpating gently.)

Doctor: Your abdomen feels quite tender. I'm concerned that you may have a blockage or a leak from the surgery. We'll need to run some tests to confirm.

Doctor: We'll start with some blood work and an abdominal X-ray. Depending on the results, we may need to do a CT scan as well.

Mr. Diouf: Okay. Whatever needs to be done.

Doctor: While we're waiting for the results, I'm going to start you on some IV fluids and medication for the nausea and pain.

(A nurse comes in to start the IV and administer medication. Dr. Tran leaves the room to order the tests.)

Doctor: Mr. Diouf, the tests show that you do have a blockage in your small intestine. It's a complication that can happen after duodenal switch surgery.

Doctor: It can be, if left untreated. But we can fix it with surgery.

Doctor: I know it's not what you wanted to hear, but it's the best way to relieve the blockage and get you feeling better.

Mr. Diouf: All right. If it has to be done.

Doctor: We'll get you scheduled for surgery as soon as possible. In the meantime, we'll keep you comfortable here in the clinic.

Dɔkota: Maakye Owura Diouf. Me din de Dɔkota Tran. Me te ase sɛ wo wɔ esiane sɛ worefa ɔhaw bi mu wɔ operehyin a wokɔyɛɛ wɔ wo nsono mu no akyi?

Dɔkota: Wobɛtumi akyerɛkyerɛ deɛ ɛrekɔ so no mu kakra akyerɛ me?

Owura Diouf: Mete yaw a ano yɛ den wɔ me yafunu mu, me bo fono me na me fe. M'afɔn nso pa ara firi berɛ a meyɛɛ operehyin no.

Dɔkota: Mate. Berɛ bɛn na wei hyɛɛ aseɛ?

Owura Diouf: Adapɛn kakra a atwam ni, na ɛmu yɛ den aberɛ biara.

Dɔkota: Wotumi di aduane bi anaa wonom nsuo?

Owura Diouf: Ɛnyɛ pii saa. Nsuo kakra bi na metumi nom.

Dɔkota: Yoo. Ma menhwɛ wo. Wobɛtumi ada pono yi so ama me?

(Dɔkota Tran hwehwɛ Owura Diouf yafunu mu, de stɛtɛskopo tie na ɔde ne nsa sɔsɔ mu brɛoo.)

Dɔkota: Wo yafunu mu hɔ no mu yɛ mmerɛ. Mesusu sɛ biribi asiw wo kwan anaa biribi repue firi operehyin a wɔyɛeɛ no mu. Ɛwɔ sɛ yɛyɛ nhwehwɛmu bi de hu nokorɛ a ɛwom.

Dɔkota: Yɛde mogya mu nhwehwɛmu ne yafunu mu X-ray na ɛbɛhyɛ aseɛ. Sɛ yɛhwɛ deɛ ɛbɛpue mu a, yɛbɛyɛ CT skan nso aka ho.

Owura Diouf: Yoo. Biribiara a ɛwɔ sɛ yɛyɛ.

Dɔkota: Berɛ a yɛretwɛn neɛ ɛbɛpue mu no, yɛbɛma wo aduro afa wo ntini mu ne aduro afa abofono ne yaw.

(Nɛɛse bi ba bɛhyehyɛ aduro a ɛfa ntini mu no na ɔma no aduro no bi. Dɔkota Tran firi adi kɔhyehyɛ nhwehwɛmu no.)

Dɔkota: Owura Diouf, nhwehwɛmu no kyerɛ sɛ biribi asiw wo nsono ketewa no mu kwan. Ɛyɛ ɔhaw a ɛtumi si wɔ 'duodenal switch' operehyin akyi.

Dɔkota: Sɛ yɛansa a, ɛbɛtumi ayɛ asɛm kɛseɛ. Nanso yɛbɛtumi afa operehyin so asa.

Dɔkota: Menim sɛ ɛnyɛ neɛ na wopɛ sɛ woteɛ nie, nanso ɛno na ɛbɛboa ama nnoɔma a asiw kwan no afiri hɔ na wo ho atɔ wo.

Owura Diouf: Yoo. Sɛ ɛno na ɛwɔ sɛ yɛyɛ a.

Dɔkota: Yɛbɛyɛ nhyehyɛeɛ ama woakɔ operehyin no ntɛm ara. Seesei deɛ, yɛbɛhwɛ sɛ wo ho bɛdwo wo wɔ kliniki ha.


Today a patient named Mado came in for some routine vaccinations required for his medical licensure. He's a really fit, athletic-looking guy, you can tell he takes care of himself. We got to talking a bit, and it turns out he's a former college football player who's now pursuing a career in sports medicine. It was really cool to hear about his journey and how his athletic background sparked his interest in the field.

Anyway, we went through his vaccination history, which was mostly up-to-date, but he needed a couple of boosters and a TB test. I explained the process and potential side effects for each vaccine, and he was totally on board with everything. We got him all set up, administered the shots (he barely flinched!), and scheduled a follow-up for the TB test reading. It was a pretty straightforward visit, but it's always nice to connect with patients, especially ones who are passionate about the medical field. Wishing Mado all the best with his licensure and future career!

Ɛnnɛ ɔyarefoɔ bi a ne din de Mado baa ayaresabea ha bɛgyee nsianoaduru a ɛbɛma wanya tumi krataa de ayɛ n'adwuma. Ɔte apɔ yie, ne nipadua no ahyehyɛ yie, wotumi hunu sɛ ɔhwɛ ne ho yie. Yɛbɔɔ nkɔmmɔ kakra na mehunuu sɛ na ɔbɔ bɔɔlo wɔ suapɔn mu na seesei ɔresua sɛdeɛ ɔde nnuro bɛhwɛ agodifoɔ. Ɛyɛɛ me dɛ sɛ metee n'akwantuo ho asɛm ne sɛdeɛ n'agodie akyi no n'ani gye saa adwuma yi ho.

Yɛhwehwɛɛ nsianoaduru a wagye dada no mu na na biribiara yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ bɛsi nnɛ nanso na ɔhia nnuro bi a ɛbɛma n'ahoɔden akɔ n'anim ne TB nhwehwɛmu. Mekyerɛkyerɛɛ ɔkwan ne nsunsuansoɔ a ɛtumi afiri nnuro no biara aba na ɔpenee so. Yɛboaboaa ne ho nyinaa, yɛmaa no nnuro no (wankeka ne ho koraa!) na yɛhyehyɛɛ bere a ɔbɛba ama yɛakenkan TB nhwehwɛmu no. Na ɛyɛ nsrahwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw nanso ɛyɛ anigyesɛm bere nyinaa sɛ yɛne ayarefoɔ bɛbɔ nkɔmmɔ, titiriw wɔn a wɔn ani gye aduruyɛ ho. Merebɔ mpaeɛ ma Mado sɛ ɔbɛdi yie wɔ ne nkrataapɛ no mu ne ne daakye adwumayɛ.


Hey Odette! It's great to chat with you again. I know we've talked about weight a few times, and it sounds like you're ready to dive a little deeper. You mentioned telehealth, which is fantastic! It's super convenient and can connect you with some really knowledgeable folks who specialize in this stuff. I know starting something new can be a little daunting, but remember, you're not alone in this. Think of weight management like a journey, not a sprint. There will be ups and downs, but having a supportive team can make all the difference. These telehealth programs often offer personalized plans that fit your lifestyle, which is key.  Plus, being able to connect from home can take some of the pressure off.  Don't hesitate to ask lots of questions during your consultation – that's what they're there for!  And hey, remember all those times we've navigated health stuff together? You've got this!  Keep me posted on how it goes, okay?  Sending you lots of positive vibes for this next step!

Halo Odette! Ɛyɛ anigyeɛ sɛ me ne wo rekasa bio. Menim sɛ yɛakasa afa wo kɛseɛ ho mprɛn dodoɔ bi, na ɛte sɛ nea woasiesie wo ho sɛ wode wo ti bɛwura mu yie. Wo kaa tɛtɛfon so apɔmudenhwɛ ho asɛm, a ɛyɛ adeɛ a ɛyɛ anigyeɛ pa ara! Ɛyɛ mmerɛ na ɛbɛtumi ama wo ne nkurɔfoɔ a wɔwɔ nimdeɛ a wɔaben wɔ saa nnoɔma yi mu adi nkitaho. Menim sɛ adeɛ foforɔ a wo bɛhyɛ aseɛ no bɛtumi ayɛ hu kakra, nanso kae sɛ, ɛnyɛ wo nko ara na wowɔ saa tebea yi mu. Fa wo ho dwuma a woredi no te sɛ akwantuo, na ɛnyɛ mmirikatuo. Wobɛhyia amaneɛ ahodoɔ, nanso kuo a wɔbɛboa wo no bɛtumi ayɛ nsonoeɛ kɛseɛ. Saa tɛtɛfon so apɔmudenhwɛ nhyehyɛeɛ yi taa ma nkurɔfoɔ nhyehyɛeɛ a ɛfata wɔn abrabɔ, a ɛho hia pa ara. Afei nso, sɛ wobɛtumi adi nkitaho afiri fie no bɛtumi ayi adwendwene no bi afiri hɔ. Ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛbisa nsɛmmisa pii wɔ berɛ a worekɔhwehwɛ mu no – ɛno nti na wɔwɔ hɔ! Na afei, kae mmerɛ dodoɔ yɛafa apɔmuden ho nnoɔma nyinaa ara abɔ mu no. Wo bɛtumi ayɛ! Ma me nte sɛdeɛ ɛrekɔ, w'ate? Merehwɛ sɛ biribiara bɛkɔ yie ama wo wɔ w'anamɔntuo a edi soɔ yi!


Martin, a 35-year-old woman with a lean and muscular build, was referred for a social work consultation to discuss medical ethics regarding her spouse's decision-making. Martin appeared hesitant and withdrawn during the initial assessment, stating she only agreed to the meeting because her husband insisted. She described feeling pressured by his strong opinions about her medical care and expressed frustration that her own values and preferences were not being adequately considered.

Martin's husband, who was not present for the consultation, reportedly holds firm beliefs about certain medical interventions that conflict with Martin's own views. This disagreement has created tension in their relationship and has led to Martin feeling unheard and dismissed. She expressed concerns about her husband's potential influence over her medical decisions, particularly in situations where she may be incapacitated or unable to advocate for herself.

Despite her reluctance, Martin engaged in a thoughtful discussion about her values and goals of care. She expressed a desire for autonomy and the ability to make decisions that align with her own beliefs. Martin also voiced a need for open communication with her husband and a better understanding of how to navigate their differing perspectives on medical ethics.

The social worker provided Martin with information about advance directives and durable power of attorney for healthcare, explaining how these documents can help ensure her wishes are respected. Martin expressed interest in exploring these options further and agreed to schedule a follow-up appointment to continue the conversation. The social worker also offered to facilitate a joint session with Martin and her husband to address their communication challenges and work towards a shared understanding of medical decision-making.

Martin, ɔbaa a wadi mfeɛ 35 a ne yɛ teaa na ɔwɔ wedeɛ, wɔde no kɔɔ asetena mu yiyedi ho ɔbenfo hɔ sɛ ɔnkɔka ne kunu agyinaesie ho asɛm a ɛfa ayaresa ho. Mfitiaseɛ no, Martin twetwee ne ho na ɔtwee ne ho firii nhwehwɛmu a edikan no mu, na ɔkae sɛ ne kunu na ɔhyɛɛ no sɛ ɔmmra nhyiam no. Ɔkae sɛ ne kunu adwene a ɛyɛ den wɔ n’ayaresa ho no hyɛɛ no so, na ɔkae sɛ n’ani nnye ho sɛ wɔmmu n’ankasa gyinapɛn ne nea ɔpɛ no sɛnea ɛsɛ.

Wɔbɔɔ amanneɛ sɛ Martin kunu a wɔamma nhyiamu no wɔ gyidie a ɛyɛ den wɔ ayaresa ho nneɛma bi a ɛne Martin ankasa adwene nhyia ho. Saa ntawantawa yi ama ɔhaw aba wɔn abusuabɔ mu na ama Martin ate nka sɛ wontie no na wɔbu no animtiaa. Ɔkaa nsɛm faa sɛdeɛ ne kunu hyɛ ne soɔ wɔ n'ayaresa agyinasie ho, titiriw wɔ tebea ahodoɔ a ebia ɔrentumi nyɛ hwee anaa ɔrentumi nkasa mma ne ho mu.

Ɛwom sɛ na Martin twetwe ne ho deɛ, nanso Martin ne no susuu nnoɔma ɔbuo ne ne boateɛ ahodoɔ no ho kwan pa so. Ɔkyerɛe sɛ ɔpɛ sɛ ɔte ne ho ne tumi a ɔde bɛsi gyinae a ɛne n’ankasa gyidi hyia. Martin kaa bio sɛ ehia sɛ ɔne ne kunu di nkitaho pefee na wɔkyerekyerɛ nsɛm mu fa ayaresa nsɛm a wɔn adwene nkɔ pɛ wɔ mu no ho.

Asetena mu yiyedifo no maa Martin nkyerɛkyerɛ a ɛfa akwankyerɛ a wɔde ma ne tumi a wɔde ma wɔ ayaresa ho no ho, na ɔkyerɛkyerɛɛ mu sɛnea saa nkrataa yi betumi aboa ama wɔabu nea ɔpɛ no. Martin kyerɛɛ sɛ n’ani gye ho sɛ ɔbɛhwehwɛ saa nneɛma yi mu kɔ akyiri na ɔpenee so sɛ ɔbɛhyɛ bere a wɔbɛsan ahyia bio de atoa nkɔmmɔbɔ no so. Asetena mu yiyedifo no nso kaa sɛ ɔbɛboaboa Martin ne ne kunu nhyiam a wɔbɛbom ayɛ de adi wɔn nkitahodi mu nsɛnnennen ho dwuma na wɔabom ate ayaresa ho gyinaesi ase.


Hello there! My name is Vijay, and I'm a nurse covering for your usual telehealth provider today. I understand you're calling about kidney stones. Before we get started, could you tell me a little bit about what's been going on?

I see in your chart that you have a few other medical conditions. Could you tell me a little more about those, and if they're currently causing you any trouble?

Thank you for sharing that. Now, let's talk about your kidney stones. When did the pain start? Can you describe the pain for me? Is it a sharp pain, a dull ache, or something else? Where is the pain located? Does it radiate anywhere else? Have you noticed any blood in your urine? Do you have any other symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, or fever?

I understand this can be uncomfortable and worrisome. Based on what you've told me, it sounds like you might be experiencing symptoms related to kidney stones. However, since you have other medical conditions, it's important that we get a better understanding of what's going on. I'm going to ask you a few more questions to help me assess your situation and determine the best course of action.

Okay, thank you for answering those questions. Based on our conversation, I think it would be best for you to [insert recommendation here, e.g., see a doctor in person, go to the emergency room, etc.]. I can help you arrange that if you'd like.

I hope you feel better soon. Please don't hesitate to call back if you have any other concerns. Take care!

Me kyea wo! Me din de Vijay, na meyɛ nɛɛse a meresi w'apɔmuden ho fotufoɔ a ɔyɛ wo ayaresa wɔ kwan a ɛfa abɛɛfo kwan soɔ ananmu ɛnnɛ. Mete aseɛ sɛ wo refrɛ fa aboɔ a ɛwɔ saawa mu ho. Ansa na yɛbɛfiri aseɛ no, wobɛtumi aka deɛ ɛrekɔ so no ho asɛm kakra akyerɛ me?

Mehunu wɔ wo nkrataa no mu sɛ wowɔ nyarewa afoforɔ bi. Wobɛtumi aka deɛ ɛno nso yɛ, ne sɛ ɛreha wo mprempren yi anaa?

Meda wo ase sɛ woaka saa asɛm no akyerɛ me. Afei, yɛnkasa mfa saawa mu aboɔ no ho. Ɛberɛ bɛn na yaw no hyɛɛ aseɛ? Wobɛtumi akyerɛkyerɛ yaw no mu akyerɛ me? Ɛyɛ yaw a emu yɛ den, deɛ ɛnnyɛ den, anaa biribi foforɔ? Yaw no wɔ fa hen? Ɛtrɛ kɔ baabi foforɔ anaa? W'ahunu mogya bi wɔ wo dwonsɔ mu? Wowɔ nsɛnkyerɛneɛ foforɔ bi te sɛ abofono, ɛfeɛ, anaa atiridii?

Mete aseɛ sɛ yei bɛtumi ateetee wo na ayɛ yaw ama wo. Sɛ mehwɛ deɛ woaka akyerɛ me no a, ɛte sɛ nea wo rehu nsɛnkyerɛneɛ a ɛfa saawa mu aboɔ ho. Nanso, ɛsiane sɛ wowɔ nyarewa afoforɔ nti, ɛho hia sɛ yɛte deɛ ɛrekɔ so no ase yie. Merebisa wo nsɛmmisa kakra a ɛbɛboa me ama m'ahunu wo tebea no na m'ahunu deɛ ɛbɛyɛ papa ama wo.

Yoo, meda wo ase sɛ woabua saa nsɛmmisa no. Sɛ mehwɛ yɛn nkɔmmɔbɔ no a, mesusu sɛ ɛbɛyɛ papa sɛ wo [fa nsusuiɛ no hyɛ ha,bi te se, kɔhunu dɔkota, kɔ ayaresabea, ne nea ɛkeka ho.]. Mɛtumi aboa wo ama woayɛ saa nhyehyɛeɛ no sɛ wopɛ a.

Merebɔ mpaeɛ sɛ wo ho bɛtɔ wo ntɛm. Mesrɛ wo, ntwentwɛn wo nan ase sɛ wobɛfrɛ bio sɛ wowɔ asɛm foforɔ bi a. Hwɛ wo ho yie!


Triage Nurse: Good morning, Mr. Dubois. I'm Bao, the nurse practitioner. I see you're here for a clinical trial screening?

Patient: Yes, that's right. For the kidney study.

Triage Nurse: Okay, let me just confirm a few details. Can you tell me your full name and date of birth?

Patient: Jonathan Reynolds, born August 12th, 1998.

Triage Nurse: Great. And do you have any history of kidney problems in your family?

Patient: My grandfather had kidney failure, but no one else that I know of.

Triage Nurse: Alright. And are you currently taking any medications?

Patient: Just some ibuprofen for headaches occasionally.

Triage Nurse: Okay. We'll need to draw some blood and get a urine sample for the screening. Are you comfortable with that?

Triage Nurse: Wonderful. The study coordinator will be with you shortly to go over the consent forms and explain the next steps. Do you have any questions for me right now?

Triage Nurse: You're welcome. Just have a seat in the waiting area, and someone will call you back soon.

Nɛɛse: Maakye, Owura Dubois. Me din de Bao, nɛɛse no. Mehunuu sɛ woaba ha ɛrebɛyɛ ayarehwɛ nhwehwɛmu?

Ეyarefoɔ: Aane, ɛyɛ nokorɛ. M'asaawa nhwehwɛmu no.

Nɛɛse: Yoo, ma menhwɛ nneɛma kakra. Wobɛtumi aka wo din ne w'awoda akyerɛ me?

Ეyarefoɔ: Jonathan Reynolds, ɔwoo me Ɔsanaa 12, 1998.

Nɛɛse: Ɛyɛ paa ara. Na wowɔ abusua mu nsɛm bi a ɛfa saawa ho haw ho?

Ეyarefoɔ: Me Nana barima nyaa saawa ho haw, nanso obiara nni hɔ a menim.

Ეyarefoɔ: Ibuprofen kakra a me nom no berɛ a me ti pae me no.

Nɛɛse: Yoo. Yɛbɛtwe wo mogya kakra na yɛagye wo dwonsɔ de ayɛ nhwehwɛmu no. Wopɛ saa?

Nɛɛse: Ɛyɛ. Adesua no hwɛsofoɔ no ne wo bɛdi nkitaho seesei ara na moahwɛ nkrataa no mu na wakyerɛkyerɛ nneɛma a ɛdi hɔ no mu. Wowɔ nsɛmmisa bi ma me seesei?

Nɛɛse: Nna ase. Tena ase wɔ baabi a wɔtwɛn no, na obi bɛfrɛ wo seesei ara.


Good evening, Dr. Moyo. I've been having some concerning symptoms lately and I'm hoping you can help me figure out what's going on. It started a few weeks ago with this persistent tingling sensation in my fingers and toes, almost like pins and needles. Then, the muscle cramps started. They're mostly in my legs, especially at night, and they can be quite painful. I've also noticed I'm feeling more fatigued than usual, even though I'm getting enough sleep. And lately, I've been having these strange episodes where my heart feels like it's racing or skipping beats. It's a bit unnerving, to be honest. I haven't made any major changes to my diet or lifestyle recently, so I'm not sure what could be causing all this. I'm worried it might be something serious, so I wanted to get it checked out as soon as possible.

Maadwo, Dr. Moyo. Nnansa yi deɛ, mete nka bi na merehwɛ anim sɛ wobɛtumi aboa me na m'ahune deɛ ɛrekɔ so. Ɛfirii aseɛ nnawɔtwe kakra a atwam no a na me nsantea ne me nan nsowa no refemfem me, te sɛ deɛ wɔde paneɛ rewɔwɔ me no. Afei, m'apɔ so nyinaa kyekyeree me. Ɛtaa ba me nam mu, titiriw anadwo, na ɛyɛ ya yie. Afei nso m'ahunu sɛ mebrɛ ntɛm sene kane no, ɛwom sɛ meda yie deɛ. Na nnansa yi, me te nka bi a ɛte sɛ nea m'akoma bɔ ntɛmntɛm. Ɛyɛ hu, sɛ meka nokware a. Mensakraa m'adidie anaa m'abrabɔ mu nnansa yi, enti mennim deɛ ɛde yei nyinaa reba. Mesuro sɛ ɛbɛyɛ aniberesɛm bi, enti, mepɛ sɛ wɔhwehwɛ mu ntɛm ara.