---
license: cc-by-nc-sa-4.0
language:
- fr
configs:
- config_name: qfrblimp
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: qfrblimp.jsonl
pretty_name: QFrBLiMP
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
---

# QFrBLiMP Dataset Card

The Quebec-French Benchmark of Linguistic Minimal Pairs (QFrBLiMP).

## Dataset Summary

QFrBLiMP is a corpus designed to evaluate Large Language Models' (LLMs) linguistic knowledge of prominent grammatical phenomena in Quebec-French. It comprises 1,761 minimal pairs annotated with 20 linguistic phenomena (LPs).

Specifically, these minimal pairs have been created by manually modifying sentences extracted from the *Banque de dépannage linguistique* (BDL), an official online resource maintained by the *Office québécois de la langue française* (OQLF). Each pair consists of a grammatical sentence and an ungrammatical one, differing by a minimal edit (e.g., morphology, syntax, or lexical choice). The dataset also includes human annotations from 12 native Quebec-French speakers to compare model competency with human performance.

### Dataset Structure

Each entry represents a minimal pair.

```json
{
  "sentence_good": "Après tous ces efforts, elles se sont senties très fatiguées.",
  "sentence_bad": "Après tous ces efforts, elles se sont senti très fatiguées.",
  "linguistic_phenomenon": "Accords participes passés (Past participle agreements)",
  "phenomenon_id": 1,
  "source": "Banque de dépannage linguistique (BDL)"
}
```

### Dataset Statistics
The corpus consists of 1,761 minimal pairs across 20 linguistic phenomena. The distribution is as follows:

| ID    | Linguistic Phenomena (French / English)                                   | # Pairs |
|-------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------|---------|
| 1     | Accords participes passés (Past participle agreements)                    | 97      |
| 2     | Flexion du verbe (Verb inflection)                                        | 95      |
| 3     | ne ... que (only ... that)                                                | 97      |
| 4     | Sélection morphologie fonctionnelle (Functional morphology selection)     | 96      |
| 5     | Clitique dans la négation de l'infinitif (Clitics in infinitive negation) | 99      |
| 6     | Montée du clitique (Rising clitics)                                       | 97      |
| 7     | Négation standard (Standard negation)                                     | 114     |
| 8     | Déterminants (Determinants)                                               | 106     |
| 9     | Sémantique lexicale (Lexical semantics)                                   | 113     |
| 10    | Accord dans l'expression idiomatique (Agreement in idiomatic expression)  | 91      |
| 11    | Accord des adjectifs (Adjective agreement)                                | 100     |
| 12    | -é / -er                                                                  | 100     |
| 13    | Sélection lexicale du complément (Lexical selection of the complement)    | 96      |
| 14    | Négation de l'infinitif (Infinitive negation)                             | 97      |
| 15    | Îlot sujet (Subject island)                                               | 60      |
| 16    | Îlot ajout (Addition island)                                              | 60      |
| 17    | Îlot qu- (Island qu-)                                                     | 60      |
| 18    | Îlot SN (SN island)                                                       | 60      |
| 19    | Dépendance parasitique avec dont (Parasitic dependence with including)    | 60      |
| 20    | Préposition orpheline (Orphan preposition)                                | 63      |
| Total |                                                                           | 1,761   |


### Dataset Specs
* Language: Quebec-French (fr-CA)
* License: CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0
* Task: Linguistic Minimal Pair evaluation (Grammaticality judgment)

### Dataset Sources
* Repository: GitHub - davebulaval/QFrBLiMP
* Paper: QFrBLiMP: a Quebec-French Benchmark of Linguistic Minimal Pairs
* Original Source: Banque de dépannage linguistique (OQLF)

## Citation
BibTeX:

```
@inproceedings{beauchemin2025qfrblimp,
  title={QFrBLiMP: a Quebec-French Benchmark of Linguistic Minimal Pairs},
  author={Beauchemin, David and Veilleux, Pier-Luc and Khoury, Richard and Roy, Johanna-Pascale},
  booktitle={Proceedings of the 2025 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing},
  year={2025}
}
```