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{
"title": "Cross-lingual Pre-training Based Transfer for Zero-shot Neural Machine Translation",
"abstract": "Transfer learning between different language pairs has shown its effectiveness for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) in low-resource scenario. However, existing transfer methods involving a common target lan... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | {
"title": "Minimally Supervised Learning of Affective Events Using Discourse Relations",
"abstract": "Recognizing affective events that trigger positive or negative sentiment has a wide range of natural language processing applications but remains a challenging problem mainly because the polarity of an event is no... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Compounds that are capable of accepting electrons, such as o 2 or f2, are called what? | residues | antioxidants | Oxygen | oxidants | Oxidants and Reductants Compounds that are capable of accepting electrons, such as O 2 or F2, are calledoxidants (or oxidizing agents) because they can oxidize other compounds. In the process of accepting electrons, an oxidant is reduced. Compounds that are capable of donating electrons, such as sodium metal or cyclohe... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What term in biotechnology means a genetically exact copy of an organism? | phenotype | adult | male | clone | But transgenic animals just have one novel gene. What about an animal with a whole new genome? Could a clone , a genetically exact copy of an organism, be developed using techniques associated with biotechnology? It could be argued that human cloning is one of the inevitable outcomes of modern biotechnology. It "simply... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Vertebrata are characterized by the presence of what? | Thumbs | Bones | Muscles | backbone | Figure 29.7 Vertebrata are characterized by the presence of a backbone, such as the one that runs through the middle of this fish. All vertebrates are in the Craniata clade and have a cranium. (credit: Ernest V. More; taken at Smithsonian Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What is the height above or below sea level called? | variation | depth | latitude | elevation | As you know, the surface of Earth is not flat. Some places are high, and some places are low. For example, mountain ranges like the Sierra Nevada in California or the Andes in South America are high above the surrounding areas. An accurate location must take into account the third dimension. Elevation is the height abo... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Ice cores, varves and what else indicate the environmental conditions at the time of their creation? | magma | mountain ranges | fossils | tree rings | Tree rings, ice cores, and varves indicate the environmental conditions at the time they were made. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What chemical signals in plants control different processes? | Human Hormones | produce hormones | nitrogen hormones | plant hormones | Plant hormones are chemical signals that control different processes in plants. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Meiosis is part of the process of gametogenesis, which is the production of what? | sperm only | chromosomes | egg only | sperm and eggs | Gametogenesis (Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis) Gametogenesis, the production of sperm and eggs, involves the process of meiosis. During meiosis, two nuclear divisions separate the paired chromosomes in the nucleus and then separate the chromatids that were made during an earlier stage of the cell’s life cycle. Meiosis a... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Which type of tree is dominant in temperate forests? | shrubs | vines | fungus | deciduous | Figure 44.18 Deciduous trees are the dominant plant in the temperate forest. (credit: Oliver Herold). | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What kind of viscosity is found in long-chain hydrocarbons? | intense viscosity | increased viscosity | low viscosity | highly viscous | There is also a correlation between viscosity and molecular shape. Liquids consisting of long, flexible molecules tend to have higher viscosities than those composed of more spherical or shorter-chain molecules. The longer the molecules, the easier it is for them to become “tangled” with one another, making it more dif... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Ionic compounds have strong electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions in this? | occasional array | incorrect array | normal array | regular array | Ionic compounds have strong electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions in a regular array. The lattice energy (U) of an ionic substance is defined as the energy required to dissociate the solid into gaseous ions; U can be calculated from the charges on the ions, the arrangement of the ions in the solid, ... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | About how tall can mid-ocean ridges be? | 2 inches | about 2 meters | about 2 feet | about 2 km | Besides seamounts, there are long, very tall (about 2 km) mountain ranges. These ranges are connected so that they form huge ridge systems called mid-ocean ridges ( Figure below ). The mid-ocean ridges form from volcanic eruptions. Lava from inside Earth breaks through the crust and creates the mountains. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What are by far the most common type of invertebrate? | corals | spiders | crustaceans | insects | This Monarch caterpillar is an invertebrate. It is also an insect and an arthropod. Of all the animal species, it is estimated that well over 90% are invertebrates. Of all invertebrates, the insects are by far the most numerous. There are so many species of insects that scientists have yet to discover them all, let alo... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What do waves deposit to form sandbars and barrier islands? | glaciers | magma | organisms | sediments | Waves may also deposit sediments to form sandbars and barrier islands . You can see examples of these landforms in Figure below . | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Penis, testes, and epididymis are organs in what system? | female reproductive system | virus reproductive system | plant reproductive system | male reproductive system | Male reproductive organs include the penis, testes, and epididymis. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Only about one percent of plants have lost what ability, turning them into consumers and even predators, instead of producers? | growth | flowering | rooting | photosynthesis | Almost all plants make food by photosynthesis . Only about 1 percent of the estimated 300,000 species of plants have lost the ability to photosynthesize. These other species are consumers, many of them predators. How do plants prey on other organisms? The Venus fly trap in Figure below shows one way this occurs. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | How does a neon light produce visible light? | mitosis | luminescence | radiation | electroluminescence | A neon light produces visible light by electroluminescence. The bulb is a glass tube that contains the noble gas neon. When electricity passes through the gas, it excites electrons of neon atoms, causing them to give off visible light. Neon produces red light. Other noble gases are also used in lights, and they produce... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | The bird ancestor that lived in trees developed what feature commonly associated with birds? | beaks | tails | webbed feet | wings | Wings evolved in a bird ancestor that lived in trees. Thus, wings are modified arms that helped the animal glide from branch to branch. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What do most living things use to make atp from glucose? | nitrogen | enzymes | carbon | oxygen | Today, most living things use oxygen to make ATP from glucose. However, many living things can also make ATP without oxygen. This is true of some plants and fungi and also of many bacteria. These organisms use aerobic respiration when oxygen is present, but when oxygen is in short supply, they use anaerobic respiration... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What are the two most common silicates? | Micas and quartz | Olivine and quartz | Micas and feldspar | feldspar and quartz | Feldspar and quartz are the two most common silicates. In beryl, the silicate pyramids join together as rings. Biotite is mica. It can be broken apart into thin, flexible sheets. Compare the beryl and the biotite shown in Figure below . | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What term means the amount of water vapor in the air? | ambient | temperature | pressure | humidity | Humidity is the amount of water vapor in the air. High humidity increases the chances of clouds and precipitation. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Paracrine signals move by what method through the extracellular matrix? | transfusion | osmosis | deposition | diffusion | Paracrine Signaling Signals that act locally between cells that are close together are called paracrine signals. Paracrine signals move by diffusion through the extracellular matrix. These types of signals usually elicit quick responses that last only a short amount of time. In order to keep the response localized, par... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Presence of a cell wall, large central vacuole, and organelles called plastids distinguish what type of cell? | heterotroph | animal | reproductive | plant | All but one of the structures described above are found in plant cells as well as animal cells. The only exception is centrioles, which are not found in plant cells. Plant cells have three additional structures that are not found in animals cells. These include a cell wall, large central vacuole, and organelles called ... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What happens when mammals raise their hair with tiny muscles in the skin? | bruising | bleeding | balding | goosebumps | Mammals raise their hair with tiny muscles in the skin. Even humans automatically contract these muscles when they are cold. They cause “goosebumps,” as shown here. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What are people with osteoporosis at increased risk of? | growth spurt | epilepsy | senility | bone fractures | For a long time, scientists considered fungi to be members of the plant kingdom because they have obvious similarities with plants. Both fungi and plants are immobile, have cell walls, and grow in soil. Some fungi, such as lichens , even look like plants (see Figure below ). | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Where is energy stored in a chemical substance? | inside atoms | on the surface | in molecules | between atoms | energy that is stored in the connections between atoms in a chemical substance. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | By the year 2050, 25 percent of the population of the united states will be 60 years of age or older. the cdc estimates that 80 percent of those 60 years and older have one or more chronic disease associated with deficiencies of this? | blood vessels | respiratory system | cardiovascular system | immune system | Immune System By the year 2050, 25 percent of the population of the United States will be 60 years of age or older. The CDC estimates that 80 percent of those 60 years and older have one or more chronic disease associated with deficiencies of the immune systems. This loss of immune function with age is called immunosen... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Upon death of an organism, during composition, what returns to the soil as ammonium ions? | hydrogen | potasium | calcium | nitrogen | When organisms die and decompose, their nitrogen is returned to the soil as ammonium ions. Nitrifying bacteria change some of the ammonium ions into nitrates. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Most insects reproduce quickly and through what type of reproduction? | asexual reproduction | spores | photosynthesis | sexual reproduction | Most insects can reproduce very quickly within a short period of time. With a short generation time, they evolve faster and can quickly adjust to environmental changes. Most insects reproduce by sexual reproduction . The female produces eggs, which are fertilized by the male, and then the eggs are usually placed near t... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Digestion of proteins begins with acids in what organ? | brain | colon | liver | stomach | 24.4 Protein Metabolism Digestion of proteins begins in the stomach, where HCl and pepsin begin the process of breaking down proteins into their constituent amino acids. As the chyme enters the small intestine, it mixes with bicarbonate and digestive enzymes. The bicarbonate neutralizes the acidic HCl, and the digestiv... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Many species of rotifers exhibit haplodiploidy, which is a method of what? | respiration | circulation | digestion | gender determination | Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege. org/l/rotifers) to see rotifers feeding. Rotifers are pseudocoelomates commonly found in fresh water and some salt water environments throughout the world. Figure 28.17 shows the anatomy of a rotifer belonging to class Bdelloidea. About 2,200 species of rotifers have been ident... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What is the most abundant metal of the earth's crust? | magnetite | calcium | copper | aluminum | Metals represent approximately 25% of the elemental makeup of the Earth's crust. The bulk of these metals, primarily aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium, are typically found in combined form. The most abundant metal is aluminum, which occurs almost exclusively as the ionic mineral bauxite. The oth... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What is the term for the total kinetic energy of moving particles of matter? | Newton's energy | heavy energy | mechanical energy | thermal energy | The total kinetic energy of moving particles of matter is called thermal energy. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What part of the eye allows light to enter? | iris | eyelid | retina | pupil | Take-Home Experiment: The Pupil Look at the central transparent area of someone’s eye, the pupil, in normal room light. Estimate the diameter of the pupil. Now turn off the lights and darken the room. After a few minutes turn on the lights and promptly estimate the diameter of the pupil. What happens to the pupil as th... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | The body cannot sustain for very long the bursts of energy mediated by epinephrine and norepinephrine, hormones associated with what stress response? | sink-or-swim | do-or-die | fainting | fight-or-flight | Watch this Discovery Channel animation (http://openstaxcollege. org/l/adrenaline) describing the flight-or-flight response. Long-term Stress Response Long-term stress response differs from short-term stress response. The body cannot sustain the bursts of energy mediated by epinephrine and norepinephrine for long times.... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What system enters the brain stem and influences activity in the cerebellum, spinal cord, and cerebral cortex? | lipids system | vasculature system | ventrical system | vestibular system | 14.2 Central Processing Sensory input to the brain enters through pathways that travel through either the spinal cord (for somatosensory input from the body) or the brain stem (for everything else, except the visual and olfactory systems) to reach the diencephalon. In the diencephalon, sensory pathways reach the thalam... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | In what type of animals may a body cavity be present or absent? | nonvascular | vertebrate | bicellular | triploblastic | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | Chemical reactions involve a transfer of heat energy. measured in what? | thermals | amps | amperes | joules | Chemical reactions involve a transfer of heat energy. Measured in joules. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Trees and shrubs are example of what type of plant? | grasses | biennial | annuals | perennials | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | The products of what process are needed for cellular respiration, and vice versa? | circulation | digestion | spermatogenesis | photosynthesis | Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are like two sides of the same coin. This is clear from the diagram in Figure below . The products of photosynthesis are needed for cellular respiration. The products of cellular respiration are needed for photosynthesis. Together, the two processes store and release energy in vi... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Most fungi get organic compounds from what? | carnivorous organisms | inorganic material | living organisms | dead organisms | Most fungi get organic compounds from dead organisms. They are decomposers called saprotrophs. A saprotroph feeds on any remaining organic matter after other decomposers do their work. Fungi use enzymes to digest organic remains and then absorb the resulting organic compounds. As decomposers, fungi are vital for the he... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | How do very massive stars end their lives? | consumed by black hole | become super novas | explode | become red supergiants | A more massive star ends its life in a more dramatic way. Very massive stars become red supergiants . Unlike a red giant, when all the helium in a red supergiant is gone, fusion continues. Lighter atoms fuse into heavier atoms up to iron atoms. Creating elements heavier than iron through fusion uses more energy than it... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Pairs of nitrogenous bases are attached to each other by? | magnetism | potassium bonds | ionic bonds | hydrogen bonds | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | Rupture can cause fragments of what to travel via the bloodstream and become lodged in other arteries? | white blood cells | enamel | red blood cells | plaque | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | The strength of a base depends on the concentration of _______ it produces when dissolved in water? | monoxide ions | combustion ions | calcium ions | hydroxide ions | The strength of a base depends on the concentration of hydroxide ions it produces when dissolved in water. For example, sodium hydroxide completely breaks down into ions in water, so it is a strong base. However, only a fraction of ammonia breaks down into ions, so it is a weak base. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | The overall voltage of the battery is therefore the sum of ________ of the individual cells. | weights | currents | resistances | voltages | Batteries There are two basic kinds of batteries: disposable, or primary, batteries, in which the electrode reactions are effectively irreversible and which cannot be recharged; andrechargeable, or secondary, batteries, which form an insoluble product that adheres to the electrodes. These batteries can be recharged by ... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Organisms that live deep in the ocean must be able to withstand what? | tsunamis | the sun | significant water pressure | extreme water pressure | Organisms that live deep in the ocean must be able to withstand extreme water pressure, very cold water, and complete darkness. However, even here, thriving communities of living things can be found. Organisms cluster around hydrothermal vents in the ocean floor. The vents release hot water containing chemicals that wo... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Which system are the brain and spinal cord apart of? | limbic system | large nervous system | cerebral cortex | central nervous system | The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The brain serves as the control center of the nervous system and the body as a whole. It consists of three major parts: the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem. The spinal cord carries nerve impulses back and forth between the body and brain. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What are biochemical catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions? | polymers | inhibitor | metabolites | enzymes | Enzymes are biochemical catalysts that speed up biochemical reactions. Without enzymes, most chemical reactions in living things would occur too slowly to keep organisms alive. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What process can cause harmful alleles to become fixed? | mutation | natural selection | migration | genetic drift | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | What record shows that dinosaurs originated 200-250 million years ago? | species record | ancient record | biological record | fossil record | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | What instrument is used to make very sensitive mass measurements in a laboratory, usually in grams? | scale | speedometer | thermometer | analytical balance | An analytical balance makes very sensitive mass measurements in a laboratory, usually in grams. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What is the purpose of bright colors on a flower's petals? | to attract a mate | to distract predators | to absorb light | to attract pollinators | Flowers Flowers are modified leaves, or sporophylls, organized around a central stalk. Although they vary greatly in appearance, all flowers contain the same structures: sepals, petals, carpels, and stamens. The peduncle attaches the flower to the plant. A whorl of sepals (collectively called the calyx) is located at t... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Collateral ganglia controls organs in which cavity in the body? | cardiac | cranial | pelvic | abdominal | To continue with the analogy of the circuit diagram, there are three different types of “junctions” that operate within the sympathetic system (Figure 15.3). The first type is most direct: the sympathetic nerve projects to the chain ganglion at the same level as the target effector (the organ, tissue, or gland to be in... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | A bee will sometimes do a dance to tell other bees in the hive where to find what? | honey | enemies | water | food | There are many other examples of innate behaviors. For example, did you know that honeybees dance? The honeybee pictured below has found a source of food ( Figure below ). When the bee returns to its hive, it will do a dance. This dance is called the waggle dance . The way the bee moves during its dance tells other bee... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | The lens focuses light on the retina , which covers the back of the inside of the eye. the retina has light-sensing photoreceptor cells called? | tubes and rods | cones and tubes | holes and cones | rods and cones | The lens focuses light on the retina , which covers the back of the inside of the eye. The retina has light-sensing photoreceptor cells called rods and cones. Rods let us see in dim light. Cones let us detect light of different colors. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Temperature, water, soil, and air are examples of nonliving factors of an ecosystem, also termed what? | diverse factors | nucleic factors | conditional factors | abiotic factors | Ecology is the study of ecosystems. That is, ecology is the study of how living organisms interact with each other and with the nonliving part of their environment. An ecosystem consists of all the nonliving factors and living organisms interacting in the same habitat . Recall that living organisms are biotic factors .... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Ibuprofen and albuterol are examples of drugs whose _________ have different effects. | analogous | nanoparticles | misnomers | enantiomers | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | Although magma once filled our moon's craters, what is thought to have ended there over a billion years ago? | deserts activity | mineral activity | oceanic activity | volcanic activity | When you look at the Moon from Earth, you notice dark and light areas. The maria are dark, solid, flat areas of lava (mostly basalt). Maria covers around 16% of the Moon’s surface, mostly on the near side. The maria formed about 3.0 to 4.0 billion years ago, when the Moon was continually bombarded by meteoroids ( Figur... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Sensory nerves carry nerve impulses from sensory receptors to what system? | IRCULATORY SYSTEM | MUSCULAR SYSTEM | ENDOCRINE SYSTEM | central nervous | Human senses include sight, hearing, balance, taste, smell, and touch. Sensory organs such as the eyes contain cells called sensory receptors that respond to particular sensory stimuli. Sensory nerves carry nerve impulses from sensory receptors to the central nervous system. The brain interprets the nerve impulses to f... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Which kind of muscle regulates air flow in lungs? | alveoli | vascular | striated | smooth | Smooth muscle regulates air flow in lungs. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What type of bonds are formed by the side-to-side overlap of p orbitals? | theta bonds | sigma bonds | omega bonds | pi bonds | Sigma bonds are formed by the end-to-end overlap of bonding orbitals. Pi bonds are formed by the side-to-side overlap of p orbitals. Single bonds are normally sigma bonds. A double or triple bond consists of one sigma bond and either one or two pi bonds. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | On what day of the cycle does ovulation usually occur? | 1st | 17th | 7th | 14th | After menstruation, the endometrium begins to build up again. At the same time, a follicle starts maturing in an ovary. Ovulation occurs around day 14 of the cycle. After it occurs, the endometrium continues to build up in preparation for a fertilized egg. What happens next depends on whether the egg is fertilized. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | The majority of animals belong to what category, characterized by the lack of a backbone? | arthropod | vertebrate | nematode | invertebrate | The majority of living animals are invertebrates. Invertebrates lack a backbone. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What is another name for the vertebral column? | brain stem | nerve column | pillar | backbone | animal in Phylum Chordata that has a vertebral column, or backbone. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | The temperature at which a substance melts is called its what point? | freezing | boiling | change | melting | The temperature at which a substance melts is called its melting point. Melting point is a physical property of matter. The gold pictured in the Figure above , for example, has a melting point of 1064°C. This is a high melting point, and most other metals also have high melting points. The melting point of ice, in comp... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Oogenesis, which is gametogenesis in females, begins with what type of ste cells? | uterian | secretion | digestive | ovarian | Oogenesis Gametogenesis in females is called oogenesis. The process begins with the ovarian stem cells, or oogonia (Figure 27.11). Oogonia are formed during fetal development, and divide via mitosis, much like spermatogonia in the testis. Unlike spermatogonia, however, oogonia form primary oocytes in the fetal ovary pr... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Humans are among the most versatile of mammals with what type of diet? | vegetarian | carnivore | herbivore | omnivore | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | Solute potential is also called osmotic potential because solutes affect the direction of what? | electrolysis | permeability | electrolysis | osmosis | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | Newton’s second law of what is more than a definition; it is a relationship among acceleration, force, and mass? | interference | gravity | change | motion | 9.80 m/s 2 . When we say that an acceleration is 45 g 's, it is 45×9.80 m/s 2 , which is approximately 440 m/s 2 . ) While living subjects are not used any more, land speeds of 10,000 km/h have been obtained with rocket sleds. In this example, as in the preceding one, the system of interest is obvious. We will see in l... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What is the physical transformation of an insect moving through stages of life? | parthenogenesis | Transition | Growth and Development | metamorphosis | With a few exceptions, all insect life begins as an egg. After leaving the egg, insects must grow and transform until reaching adulthood. Only the adult insect can mate and reproduce. The physical transformation of an insect from one stage of its life cycle to another is known as metamorphosis . | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | When equal amounts of a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid are mixed with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide, the result is what kind of solution? | a thermodynamic one | a economical one | a lateral one | a neutral one | When equal amounts of a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid are mixed with a strong base such as sodium hydroxide, the result is a neutral solution. The products of the reaction do not have the characteristics of either an acid or a base. Here is the balanced molecular equation. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What are fast moving rivers of air that are going in opposite directions called? | burst streams | air streams | cause streams | jet streams | Jet streams are fast moving rivers of air going in opposite directions. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Nephrons, renal tubules and the loop of henle are part of the process of blood filtration by what organs? | liver | bladder | lungs | kidneys | Kidney Function and Physiology Kidneys filter blood in a three-step process. First, the nephrons filter blood that runs through the capillary network in the glomerulus. Almost all solutes, except for proteins, are filtered out into the glomerulus by a process called glomerular filtration. Second, the filtrate is collec... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Fungi, such as black bread mold (rhizopus nigricans), have haploid-dominant what? | mutations | birth cycles | gene pools | life cycles | Figure 11.9 Fungi, such as black bread mold (Rhizopus nigricans), have haploid-dominant life cycles. The haploid multicellular stage produces specialized haploid cells by mitosis that fuse to form a diploid zygote. The zygote undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores. Each spore gives rise to a multicellular haploid ... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | The electrode at which oxidation occurs is called? | calomel | diode | cathode | the anode | The electrode at which oxidation occurs is called the anode . The zinc anode gradually diminishes as the cell operates due to the loss of zinc metal. The zinc ion concentration in the half-cell increases. Because of the production of electrons at the anode, it is labeled as the negative electrode. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | There are about 6200 known species of what? | reptiles | primates | mammals | amphibians | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | The lens and other parts of the eye work together to focus a real image on what eye structure? | cornea | iris | pupil | retina | As just described, the eyes collect and focus visible light. The lens and other structures of the eye work together to focus a real image on the retina. The image is upside-down and reduced in size, as you can see in Figure below . The image reaches the brain as electrical signals that travel through the optic nerve. T... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What is required to move or change matter from one state to another? | evolution | food | gravity | energy | Energy provides the ability to move or change matter from one state to another (for example, from solid to liquid). Every living thing needs energy to live and grow. Your body gets its energy from food, but that is only a small part of the energy you use every day. Cooking your food takes energy, and so does keeping it... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | A food web can be broken up into what further subdivision that usually has a few links in it? | water chain | food pyramid | oxygen chain | food chain | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | What living species of bird is considered the largest of the raptors? | pteradactyl | California condor | peregrine falcon | golden eagles | Although not as famous as its bald cousin, Golden Eagles are much easier to find in Northern California - one of the largest breeding populations for Golden Eagles. The largest of the raptors, Golden Eagles weigh typically between 8 and 12 pounds, and their wing span is around 6 to 7 feet. These eagles dive towards ear... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What contains positive protons and neutral neutrons? | epidermis | electrons | ions | nucleus | The nucleus is at the center of the atom. It contains positive protons and neutral neutrons. Negative electrons constantly move about the nucleus. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Horny ridges on the jaws serve the same function as what, for turtles? | hairs | skin | taste buds | teeth | Turtles may appear slow and harmless when they are out of the water, but in the water is another story. Turtles can be either herbivores or carnivores, with most sea turtles carnivorous . Turtles have a rigid beak and use their jaws to cut and chew food. Instead of teeth, the upper and lower jaws of the turtle are cove... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Natural gas is the predominately made up of? | sulfur | hydrogen | carbon | methane | Natural gas is mostly methane. Natural gas is usually found with petroleum. People prefer to burn natural gas when possible because it is relatively clean. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Which organs control the amount of water, ions, and other substances in the blood by excreting more or less of them in urine? | ears | lungs | tongue | kidneys | The kidneys play many vital roles in homeostasis. They filter all the blood in the body many times each day and produce a total of about 1.5 liters of urine. The kidneys control the amount of water, ions, and other substances in the blood by excreting more or less of them in urine. The kidneys also secrete hormones tha... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What unit of measurement is defined to be the number of atoms in 12g of carbon-12? | one ohm | one quark | one joule | one mole | The relative scale of atomic masses in amu is also a relative scale of masses in grams. We said before that the mole is officially equal to the number of carbon atoms in exactly 12 g of carbon-12. In other words, one carbon-12 atom has a mass of exactly 12 amu, and one mole of carbon atoms has a mass of exactly 12 gram... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What involves sensing and focusing light from people and objects? | projection | echolocation | sensory perception | vision | Vision involves sensing and focusing light from people and objects. The steps involved are as follows:. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What is a therian mammal in which the embryo is born at an early, immature stage? | carnivore | rodent | bat | a marsupial | Marsupials have a different way of reproducing that reduces the mother’s risks. A marsupial is a therian mammal in which the embryo is born at an early, immature stage. The embryo completes its development outside the mother’s body in a pouch on her belly. Only a minority of therian mammals are marsupials. They live ma... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What are fungi which feed on living cells called? | symbiotic | static | predatory | parasitic | 23.24 Nutrition Fungi are saprophytes. When they find a source of food (e. dead wood, orange peel) , they decompose it and digest it. The enzymes break down larger organic molecules in the substrate into smaller molecules. These smaller molecules diffuse into the fungus, where they are used to allow growth and repair. ... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What rock group offers the richest source of fossils? | geode | metamorphic | igneous | sedimentary | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | What is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane down its concentration gradient | Permable | nutrients | mirrors | osmosis | Figure 3.7 Osmosis Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane down its concentration gradient. If a membrane is permeable to water, though not to a solute, water will equalize its own concentration by diffusing to the side of lower water concentration (and thus the side of higher solute concentr... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Isotopes are named for their number of protons plus what? | nuclei | isomers | electrons | neutrons | Isotopes are named for their number of protons plus neutrons. If a carbon atom had seven neutrons, what would it be named?. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Movements in the mantle cause the plates to move over time in a process called what? | boundary drift | continental expansion | continental shift | continental drift | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | |
null | null | In phyisics, what is considered to be the rotational version of force? | pressure | work | energy | torque | Torque is equal to the cross product as stated above. In general, one can simplify by saying that the torque is equal to the force acting on the object multiplied by the perpendicular distance from the application of the force to the rotational axis. Say you had a seesaw. It is easier to exert torque, get the seesaw to... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Skeletal muscles are attached to the skeleton by tough connective tissues called what? | cords | fibers | veins | tendons | Skeletal muscles are attached to the skeleton by tough connective tissues called tendons (see Figure above ). Many skeletal muscles are attached to the ends of bones that meet at a joint . The muscles span the joint and connect the bones. When the muscles contract, they pull on the bones, causing them to move. | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What is the ability to see called? | hearing | thought | smell | vision | The ability to see is called vision . This ability depends on more than healthy eyes. It also depends on certain parts of the brain, because the brain and eyes work together to allow us to see. The eyes collect and focus visible light. The lens and other structures of the eye work together to focus an image on the reti... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Which two major innovations allowed seed plants to reproduce in the absence of water? | salt and pollen | bee and pollen | root and pollen | seed and pollen | CHAPTER SUMMARY 26.1 Evolution of Seed Plants Seed plants appeared about one million years ago, during the Carboniferous period. Two major innovations—seed and pollen—allowed seed plants to reproduce in the absence of water. The gametophytes of seed plants shrank, while the sporophytes became prominent structures and t... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen gases by the addition of what? | demand | motion | mineral | energy | Chemistry in Everyday Life Decomposition of Water / Production of Hydrogen Water consists of the elements hydrogen and oxygen combined in a 2 to 1 ratio. Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen gases by the addition of energy. One way to do this is with a battery or power supply, as shown in (Figure 1.15). | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
null | null | What anatomical feature is shared by all chordates? | laxchord | isochord | botachord | notochord | Did you know that fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals are all related? They are all chordates. Chordates are a group of animals that includes vertebrates, as well as several closely related invertebrates. Chordates (phylum Chordata ) are named after a feature they all share, a notochord. A notochord is a hol... | null | null | null | null | null | null | null | null |
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