Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Valdis Dombrovskis en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Valdis Dombrovskis, né le 5 août 1971 à Riga, est un homme d'État letton, membre d'Unité.
Diplômé de physique et d'économie, il travaille en premier lieu dans le milieu universitaire, avant d'accomplir une carrière d'économiste à la Banque de Lettonie.
Il appartient initialement au parti libéral Nouvelle Ère (parti politique) (JL), sous les couleurs duquel il est élu député à la Saeima et nommé ministre des Finances en 2002, à 31 ans. La chute du gouvernement le contraint à renoncer en 2004, année de son élection au Parlement européen.
Il fait son retour en politique nationale en mars 2009, quand il se voit confier à 37 ans les fonctions de Premier ministre de Lettonie, à la tête d'une coalition rassemblant cinq partis de centre droit et de droite. En 2010, il participe à la fondation de la coalition Unité, qui remporte la majorité relative aux élections législatives, assurant ainsi sa reconduction.
Des élections législatives anticipées sont convoquées à peine un an plus tard. Bien qu'Unité, devenue parti politique, termine troisième du scrutin, il se maintient à la direction de l'exécutif. Il est alors le premier chef de gouvernement à accomplir trois mandats consécutifs. Il annonce toutefois sa démission en novembre 2013, après l'effondrement d'un supermarché à Riga dont il assume la responsabilité politique. Il exerce deux mois l'intérim de sa fonction, où il établit le nouveau record de longévité.
Il est réélu député européen en juin 2014, après avoir tenté de se faire désigner chef de file du Parti populaire européen (PPE) pour ces élections. Le 1er novembre, il intègre la commission européenne en tant que vice-président exécutif chargé de l'Euro et du Dialogue social. Le 1er décembre, il reste vice-président exécutif mais en charge d'une Économie au service des personnes.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Pierre Larrouturou en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Pierre Larrouturou, né le 19 octobre 1964 à Périgueux, est un homme politique français.
Spécialisé dans les questions d'économie, il est notamment connu comme un partisan du partage du temps de travail et en particulier de la semaine de quatre jours, comme un défenseur de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique, ainsi que comme promoteur d'une taxe sur la spéculation pour la santé, le climat et l’emploi.
Membre du Parti socialiste depuis 2002, il rejoint en 2009 Europe Écologie Les Verts et devient conseiller régional d'Île-de-France. Il reprend sa carte au PS en 2012 et crée le collectif Roosevelt avec, notamment, Michel Rocard, Stéphane Hessel, Cynthia Fleury et Edgar Morin. En 2013, il quitte à nouveau le PS et crée un nouveau parti politique, Nouvelle Donne, avec des personnalités issues du collectif Roosevelt et qu'il co-préside jusqu'en 2016. En décembre 2017, il lance un collectif en faveur de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique à l'échelle européenne, le Pacte Finance Climat.
Il est élu aux élections européennes de 2019 sur une liste de coalition avec le Parti socialiste. Candidat à la primaire populaire en vue de l'élection présidentielle de 2022, il arrive en quatrième position : alors que Christiane Taubira l'emporte, il appelle à une union de la gauche.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Six Flags Great America en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Six Flags Great America est un parc d'attractions du groupe Six Flags situé à Gurnee, dans l'Illinois. Il ouvrit en 1976 sous le nom Marriott’s Great America. Le parc fut racheté par Six Flags à la Marriott Corporation (en) en 1984 et devint le septième parc de la chaîne.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur R-Truth en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Ronald Killings (né le 19 janvier 1972 à Atlanta) est un rappeur et un catcheur (lutteur professionnel) américain. Il travaille actuellement à la World Wrestling Entertainment sous le nom de Ron Killings où il est l'actuel champion par équipes avec Damian Priest.
D'abord rappeur, il commence sa carrière de catcheur en 1997 puis travaille pour la World Wrestling Federation jusqu'en 2001.
Il rejoint ensuite la Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) où il remporte le titre de champion du monde poids lourd de la National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) à deux reprises et forme le clan 3Live Kru avec Konnan et B.G. James avec qui il devient champion du monde par équipes de la NWA. Il est aussi brièvement champion du monde par équipes de la TNA avec le joueur de football américain Adam « Pacman » Jones.
Il quitte la TNA pour retourner à la WWE en 2008 sous le nom de R-Truth, il y devient deux fois champion des États-Unis de la WWE en 2010 et 2019, ainsi que champion par équipes de la WWE avec Kofi Kingston en 2012.
En 2019, la WWE introduit un nouveau championnat, le WWE 24/7 Championship qu'il remporte à 53 reprises entre 2019 et 2022.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Tcherkesses en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Les Tcherkesses ou Circassiens, qui se nomment eux-mêmes Adyguéens, sont un peuple du nord-ouest du Caucase.
Ils habitent dans trois sujets fédéraux de la Russie, l'Adyguée où ils représentent 23 % de la population, la Karatchaïévo-Tcherkessie où ils en représentent 11 % et la Kabardino-Balkarie, où ils sont 57,2 %. L'ensemble des Adyguéens du Caucase septentrional forme une population fractionnée de quelque 800 000 personnes, auxquelles s'ajoute une très importante diaspora. Leur langue est l'adyguéen, une des trois langues caucasiennes occidentales avec l'oubykh, aujourd'hui éteint, et l'abkhaze.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur The 3rd Birthday en te basant sur cette connaissance:
The 3rd Birthday (ザ・サード・バースデイ, Za Sādo Bāsudei) est un jeu vidéo de type action-RPG sous le thème de l'horreur, développé et édité par Square Enix. Il est sorti en décembre 2010 au Japon et est prévu pour 2011 en Amérique du Nord et en Europe sur PlayStation Portable. Cet épisode est aussi appelé Parasite Eve 3 bien qu'il soit un spin-off de la série. Aya Brea sera une fois de plus le protagoniste au centre de la trame scénaristique.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Espérantiste de l'année en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Chaque année depuis 1998, la revue La Ondo de Esperanto, décerne en accord avec un jury international le titre honorifique d’Espérantiste de l'année (en espéranto : Esperantisto de la Jaro), qui récompense l'action du titulaire en faveur de la langue internationale espéranto. Le titre est attribué en fin d’année pour les actions menées au cours de l’année.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Paul Sultan en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Paul Sultan, né le 26 janvier 1924 à Vancouver (Canada) et mort le 25 juin 2019 à Maryville (Illinois), est un économiste canadien spécialisé en économie du travail.
Issu d'une famille de 7 enfants, d'un père immigré de Suède, Paul Sultan passe quatre années de sa vie à étudier le journalisme. Aussitôt terminé, il se présente à l'Université pour continuer son cursus. La Seconde Guerre mondiale a interrompu ses plans et en décembre 1944, il était dans le dépôt d'Armée de l'air canadien Royal pour l'embarquement en Angleterre.
Après une réussite de sa mission en tant que pilote d'avion pour le corps d'aviation canadien, il se voit octroyer des avantages qui lui permettront de s'inscrire à l'université de la Colombie-Britannique. Quelques années après, Paul Sultan rejoint l'université Cornell où il obtient son Ph.D.
L'été qui suit, Docteur Sultan est nommé au Séminaire de Salzbourg à propos des études américaines. Par la suite, il sera nommé universitaire à l'université de Buffalo, l'université du Sud de la Californie, le Diplômé de Claremont l'université de l'Illinois Scolaire et du Sud à Edwardsville (Illinois). Il fera aussi un tour à l'université Simon-Fraser
Aux États-Unis, il va occuper plusieurs postes de responsabilité et servir comme chercheur dans différents travaux.
En sciences économiques, ses recherches portant sur le travail, le rapport entre le taux d'inflation et le taux de chômage font de lui un des économistes à qui on attribue l'originalité de la théorie véhiculée par la Courbe de Phillips. Ses recherches ont amélioré la manière de créer des matrices pour les chômeurs, créer des zones d'entreprise. Il est un orateur fréquent aux conférences.
Écrivain fécond, il a dans son actif cinq livres et des centaines d'articles, monographies et papiers de position.
En 1997, il a été honoré pour son travail sur les relations patronales-syndicales par son admission au Southwestern Illinois Labour Management Hall of Fame.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Firehawk en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Firehawk est un ancien parcours de montagnes russes en métal de type montagnes russes volantes. Il était situé à Kings Island près de Cincinnati, aux États-Unis. Le parcours de l'attraction était identique à celui de Batwing, des montagnes russes du même modèle du parc Six Flags America.


Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec - Part 1

Explique Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec

Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Le Mouvement de libération nationale du Québec (« MLNQ ») était une organisation indépendantiste québécoises créée par Raymond Villeneuve, cofondateur du défunt Front de libération du Québec. L'organisation fut fondée en réaction à la victoire du Non lors du référendum sur l'indépendance du Québec de 1995. Le MLNQ entendait poursuivre la lutte pour l'indépendance par l'organisation de manifestations, par exemple une marche annuelle le 1er juillet à Québec, pour dénoncer l'inféodation du peuple québécois (et en faisant circuler une pétition comptant près de 4 000 signatures, dont celles d'une quinzaine de personnalités québécoises d'envergure : Pierre Falardeau, Andrée Ferretti, Claude Jasmin, Yves Michaud, etc.).
Le Mouvement comptait au moins 500 membres actifs. Il tirait son financement des contributions de ses militants et avait son propre bulletin de liaison, La Tempête. Il s'est distingué par son combat contre ceux qui veulent partitionner le territoire québécois, pour la défense de la langue française et contre toute velléité d'intervention par la force du gouvernement fédéral au Québec advenant une victoire référendaire en faveur de l'indépendance. Certains incidents ont été aussi attribués au MLNQ, comme des actes de vandalisme dans la municipalité majoritairement anglophone de Baie-d'Urfé, sur l'île de Montréal.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Marek Belka en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Marek Marian Belka (), né le 9 janvier 1952 à Łódź, est un économiste et homme d'État polonais social-démocrate.
Après avoir été deux fois vice-président du Conseil et ministre des Finances de Pologne sous des majorités de centre gauche, il a été l'un des principaux responsables de la politique économique menée en Irak à la suite de l'invasion sous commandement américain.
Il revient finalement en Pologne en mai 2004 pour prendre la tête du gouvernement, et reste en poste jusqu'à la défaite des sociaux-démocrates aux élections de septembre 2005.
Il devient cinq ans plus tard président de la Banque nationale de Pologne (NBP).


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Effet Fujiwara en te basant sur cette connaissance:
L’effet Fujiwara ou Fujiwhara est l'interaction entre deux systèmes cycloniques voisins qui crée l'impression d'un système binaire en rotation. L'interaction binaire de circulations de petite taille peut entraîner la formation d'un cyclone plus important ou la fusion de deux cyclones. Les cyclones extratropicaux interagissent généralement de manière binaire lorsqu'ils se trouvent à moins de 2 000 km l'un de l'autre, tandis que les cyclones tropicaux interagissent généralement à moins de 1 400 km.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea en te basant sur cette connaissance:
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea et Submarine Voyage sont des anciennes attractions des parcs Disneyland et Magic Kingdom inspirées par le film 20 000 Lieues sous les mers (1954) d'après Jules Verne. Il en existe toujours une version améliorée au Tokyo DisneySea.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Christopher A. Sims en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Christopher Albert Sims, né le 21 octobre 1942 à Washington et mort le 14 mars 2026 à Minneapolis (Minnesota), est un économiste américain, spécialisé en économétrie et macroéconomie. Il est professeur à l’université de Princeton, où il occupe la chaire Harold B. Helms. En octobre 2011, il obtient avec Thomas Sargent le prix dit Nobel d'économie.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur MAZ en te basant sur cette connaissance:
L'usine automobile de Minsk (MAZ, russe : Открытое Акционерное Общество « Минский автомобильный завод », Société par actions « Minsky Avtomobilny Zavod ») est une société administrée par l'état biélorusse, constructeur automobile de camions et d'autobus biélorusse, l'un des plus importants en Europe de l'Est. Elle ne fabrique plus d'automobiles : toute sa production se concentre sur les camions, les bus, les autocars, les minibus et les véhicules militaires.


The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure - Part 1

Explique The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure

Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure en te basant sur cette connaissance:
The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Undersea Adventure (stylized The Little Mermaid ~ Ariel's Undersea Adventure) is a ride attraction based on Disney Animation's 1989 film The Little Mermaid, located in Paradise Gardens Park at Disney California Adventure and in Fantasyland at Walt Disney World's Magic Kingdom Park, where it is titled Under the Sea: Journey of the Little Mermaid (stylized Under the Sea ~ Journey of the Little Mermaid). The ride opened on June 3, 2011 at Disney California Adventure, and on December 6, 2012 at Magic Kingdom.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur One Roxas Triangle en te basant sur cette connaissance:
The Roxas Triangle Towers, are a complex of 2 residential condominium skyscrapers located in Makati, Philippines. The complex is owned by Roxas Land Corp., a joint venture between Ayala Land, Inc., Hongkong Land, Ltd. and Bank of the Philippine Islands.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Chignahuapan en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Chignahuapan  (Spanish pronunciation: [tʃiɣnaˈwapan] ) is a town in the Mexican state of Puebla. It serves as the seat of the surrounding municipality of the same name.
The municipality is the location of many touristic places very well known all over the state such as the Basilica of the Immaculate Conception, which is the biggest figure of the virgin Mary in Latin America, and also, Las Aguas Termales de Chignahuapan (thermal waters).
The main economy of Chignahuapan is making Christmas baubles.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Green Grow the Rushes (film) en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Green Grow the Rushes (re-released in 1954 as Brandy Ashore) is a 1951 British comedy film directed by Derek N. Twist and starring Roger Livesey, Richard Burton and Honor Blackman. It was written by Twist and Howard Clewes adapted from the 1949 novel of the same title by Clewes. The film was produced by John Gossage and funded by the National Film Finance Corporation and the Co-Operative Wholesale Society Bank.


Samuel Dinsmoor (disambiguation) - Part 1

Explique Samuel Dinsmoor (disambiguation)

Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Samuel Dinsmoor (disambiguation) en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Samuel Dinsmoor (1766–1835), American politician, U.S. Congressman and Governor of New Hampshire
Samuel Dinsmoor Jr. (1799–1869), American banker, Governor of New Hampshire
Samuel P. Dinsmoor (1843–1932), eccentric American sculptor and landscape designer


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Paul Stanley (composer) en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Paul Stanley (né Sonnenberg) (February 8, 1848 – March 14, 1909) was a German-born American composer and vaudeville comedian who some credit (but most do not) with writing the music for the ditty Ta-ra-ra Boom-de-ay for Henry F. Sayers' 1891 musical entertainment, Tuxedo.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur John Sjoberg en te basant sur cette connaissance:
John Sjoberg (12 June 1941 – 2 October 2008) was a Scottish footballer who played 15 seasons for Leicester City between 1958 and 1973. Sjoberg joined the Foxes from Scottish amateur side Banks O' Dee in August 1958 and went on to play 413 first-team matches for Leicester. He played mostly as a full-back but transitioned to centre-half towards the end of his career.


Stone Spillway, National Defense Stockpile Center - Part 1

Explique Stone Spillway, National Defense Stockpile Center

Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Stone Spillway, National Defense Stockpile Center en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Stone Spillway, National Defense Stockpile Center is a historic spillway located on the grounds of the National Defense Stockpile Center at Hillcrest in Broome County, New York. It was built in 1944 of hand dressed fieldstone and concrete mortar, that was designed to direct runoff water from an intermittent stream through a gap in the riprap area and into the main ditch.  The U-shaped structure consists of a 22-foot-long (6.7 m) center section flanked by smaller sections set at 45-degree angles.  It was built as part of an erosion control project and believed to have been constructed by conscientious objectors under the Civilian Public Service Program.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Silence Is Easy en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Silence Is Easy is the second studio album by English indie rock group Starsailor, released in September 2003 on EMI Records. The album cover is loosely based on Echo & the Bunnymen's Heaven Up Here. The song "Some of Us" was featured in an episode of Bones titled "A Boy in a Bush" and in the closing credits of the Belgian film The Memory of a Killer (a.k.a. The Alzheimer Case). The album contains some of the last productions by Phil Spector before his murder conviction and imprisonment in 2009, and before his death in 2021 ("Silence Is Easy" and "White Dove"). The album sold 54,296 copies in its opening week of release, charting at No. 2 on the UK Albums Chart. It was certified gold in the UK in 2003.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Mario Clash en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Mario Clash is a 1995 action video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Virtual Boy. It is the first stereoscopic 3D Mario game, and a 3D reimagining of Mario Bros. Reception for the game was mixed.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Mondi en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Mondi plc is a multinational packaging and paper group. The company is based in Weybridge, England. It has listings on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and the London Stock Exchange as a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Tweedledum and Tweedledee en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Tweedledum and Tweedledee are characters in an English nursery rhyme and in Lewis Carroll's 1871 book Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There. Their names may have originally come from an epigram written by poet John Byrom. The nursery rhyme has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 19800. The names have since become synonymous in western popular culture slang for any two people whose appearances and actions are identical.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Valhalla (comics) en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Valhalla is a Danish comic series, which offers a comedic view of the gods of Norse mythology. Originally commissioned for and published by Interpresse, it has been published by Carlsen Comics since 1978. In 1986, Valhalla was adapted into an animated feature film the studio A Film. On October 10, 2019, a more serious and dark live action adaptation was released.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Perenniporia podocarpi en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Perenniporia podocarpi is a species of resupinate (encrusting) polypore. It occurs widely but uncommonly on the New Zealand endemic podocarps Dacrydium cupressinum and Prumnopitys taxifolia. Basidiocarps are dimitic and grow up to 9 cm across, thick and cushion-like with a distinctive white or very pale cream spore surface with large pores. The basidiospores are extremely large for the genus, up to 27 μm in length.
As with other members of its genus, P. podocarpi causes a white rot in affected host plants.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur 93 Park en te basant sur cette connaissance:
93 Park or 93rd Street Park (Parque de la calle 93, commonly known as Parque de la 93) is a commercial and recreational park located at the 93rd Street (calle 93) in El Chicó, in the north of Bogotá, Colombia. It is an upmarket area popular for shopping, nightlife and restaurants.


Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions and for Citizens' Action - Part 1

Explique Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions and for Citizens' Action

Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions and for Citizens' Action en te basant sur cette connaissance:
The Association pour la Taxation des Transactions financières et pour l'Action Citoyenne (Association for the Taxation of financial Transactions and Citizens' Action, ATTAC) is an activist organisation originally created to promote the establishment of a tax on foreign exchange transactions.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Banksia splendida en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Banksia splendida, commonly known as shaggy dryandra, is a species of shrub that is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It has sharply-pointed linear leaves that are woolly on the lower surface, cream-coloured and maroon or yellow flowers in heads of between 65 and 115, and later up to eight egg-shaped follicles in each head.


Animaniacs: A Gigantic Adventure - Part 1

Explique Animaniacs: A Gigantic Adventure

Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Animaniacs: A Gigantic Adventure en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Animaniacs: a Gigantic Adventure is an action game based on the Jazz Jackrabbit 2 engine developed by EAI Interactive and published by SouthPeak Interactive. It was released in North America on June 15, 1999.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Mid price en te basant sur cette connaissance:
In financial markets, the mid-price is the average price between a seller's ask price of a stock or other commodity and the best buyer bid price of that stock or commodity.
In some cases, the mid-price will be rounded up or down to the nearest "tick" (the nearest valid tradeable price on the exchange system) for convenience purposes, and therefore not be the exact average.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Agustín Pedro Justo en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Agustín Pedro Justo Rolón (26 February 1876 – 11 January 1943) was the president of Argentina from 1932 to 1938, during the Infamous Decade. Justo took part in the coup of 1930, becoming president two years later thanks to widespread electoral fraud. His presidency was part of the period known as the Infamous Decade, which lasted from 1930 until 1943. He established the country's central bank and introduced a nationwide income tax together with a maternity leave insurance system and paid vacations.
Appointed War Minister by President Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear, his experience under a civilian administration and pragmatic outlook earned him the conservative Concordance's nomination for the 1931 campaign. He was elected president on 8 November 1931, supported by the political sectors that would form shortly after la Concordancia, an alliance created between the National Democratic Party (Partido Demócrata Nacional), the Anti-personalist Radical Civic Union (Unión Cívica Radical Antipersonalista) (UCRA), and the Independent Socialist Party (Partido Socialista Independiente). There were accusations of electoral fraud, and the name patriotic fraud was used for a system of control established from 1931 to 1943. Conservative groups wanted to use this to prevent any radicals from coming to power. During this period there was persistent opposition from the supporters of Yrigoyen, an earlier president, and from the Radical Civic Union.
The outstanding diplomatic work of his Foreign Minister, Carlos Saavedra Lamas, was one of the greatest accomplishments of his administration, stained by constant accusations of corruption and of delivering the national economy into the hands of foreign interests, the British in particular, with whom his vice-president Julio A. Roca Jr. had signed the Roca-Runciman Treaty. His name was mentioned as a candidate a new period during the unsteady government of Ramón Castillo, but his early death at 66 thwarted his plans. He worked on a preliminary


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Moonnam Mura en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Moonnam Mura (transl. The Third Degree) is a 1988 Indian Malayalam-language action thriller film directed by K. Madhu and written by S. N. Swamy. It stars Mohanlal, Suresh Gopi and Lalu Alex. The plot deals with a terrorist group led by Charles kidnapping a group of political individuals who were vacationing, and the followed up rescue operation of the police led by Ali Imran.
The film was released on November 9th, Diwali day and was one of the highest-grossing films of 1988, and had a record opening day collection. It also did good business in the neighboring states Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh, running for over 150 and 100 days respectively. Moonnam Mura was remade in Telugu as Magadu (1990), starring Rajasekhar.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur T-Centralen metro station en te basant sur cette connaissance:
T-Centralen is the largest and busiest station on the Stockholm Metro. It is located directly adjacent to Stockholm Central Station and Stockholm City commuter train station, in the Norrmalm district of central Stockholm. T-Centralen is also the name of the terminus for the Spårväg City tram line.
T-Centralen is the only station in Stockholm Metro where all three metro lines converge. In 2018, approximately 340,000 passengers used the metro station daily, with 174,550 boarding and 166,850 descending.
The station is located between Sergels torg and Vasagatan. A pedestrian underpass connects T-Centralen to the nearby Central Station running underneath Vasagatan. It is also linked to the Cityterminalen long-distance bus terminal.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Phelan Building en te basant sur cette connaissance:
The Phelan Building is an 11-story office building located at 760 Market Street in the Financial District of San Francisco, California. It has a triangular shape, similar to the Flatiron Building in Manhattan, New York City, with its tip at the meeting point of Market Street, O’Farrell Street, and Grant Avenue. It is a San Francisco Designated Landmark.
The building was designed by William Curlett and built in 1908 by James D. Phelan on the place of the first, original Phelan Building, damaged by the 1906 earthquake and fire.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Bank state branch en te basant sur cette connaissance:
A Bank State Branch (often referred to as  "BSB") is the name used in Australia for a bank code, which is a branch identifier. The BSB is normally used in association with the account number system used by each financial institution. The structure of the BSB + account number does not permit for account numbers to be transferable between financial institutions. While similar in structure, the New Zealand and Australian systems are only used in domestic transactions and are incompatible with each other. For international transfers, a SWIFT code is used in addition to the BSB and account number.
The BSB identifier consists of six numerals, the first two or three of which is a bank identifier. Many banks only have one BSB for all branches and accounts. The BSB is used for processing of paper and electronic transactions, but not in payment card numbering.
In 1992, the Australian Payments Network (AusPayNet) became the regulatory body of cheque clearances and of the BSB codes in Australia. AusPayNet assigns the bank code to a financial institution and the financial institution allocates the other digits to its branches, in line with guidelines set by AusPayNet. Some financial institutions have more than one bank identifier, arising from mergers of financial institutions or consolidating by banks of their trading and savings banks operations. As of March 2012, almost 14,300 unique BSB code values were in use.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Primula en te basant sur cette connaissance:
Primula () is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. They include the primrose (P. vulgaris), a familiar wildflower of banks and verges. Other common species are P. auricula (auricula), P. veris (cowslip), and P. elatior (oxlip). These species and many others are valued for their ornamental flowers. They have been extensively cultivated and hybridised (in the case of the primrose, for many hundreds of years). Primula are native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere, south into tropical mountains in Ethiopia, Indonesia, and New Guinea, and in temperate southern South America. Almost half of the known species are from the Himalayas.
Primula has over 500 species in traditional treatments, and more if certain related genera are included within its circumscription.


Prompt:
Tu es un expert. Réponds sur Bellbank Bridge en te basant sur cette connaissance:
The Bellbank Covered Bridge was a covered bridge that spanned the Octoraro Creek on the border between Colerain Township, Lancaster County and Upper Oxford Township, Chester County in Pennsylvania.  The 112 ft (34 m) bridge was located on Street Road near Pennsylvania Route 472. It was burnt and destroyed by an arsonist on March 19, 1979.  The covered bridge was also referred to as Bridge #11 by Chester County before it was replaced with the current steel beam bridge.


TECHNIQUE Back to the museum: Investigation of the acceptance of Android Andrea with and without emotion simulation in a museum -> Title: Back to the museum: Investigation of the acceptance of Android Andrea with and without emotion simulation in a museum
Authors: Marcel Heisler, Christian Becker-Asano
Date: 2026-07-17

Abstract:
For a second time, the android robot Andrea was set up at a public museum in Germany for six consec...

RISK_MODELING portfolio_composition market_conditions var_95 expected_shortfall

Instruction: Analyser et répondre sur le domaine FINANCE. Output: réponse structurée.

Title: Back to the museum: Investigation of the acceptance of Android Andrea with and without emotion simulation in a museum Authors: Marcel Heisler, Christian Becker-Asano Date: 2026-07-17 Abstract: For a second time, the android robot Andrea was set up at a public museum in Germany for six consecutive days to have conversations with visitors, fully autonomously. Building on previously gathered qualitative results, the robot was now capable of engaging in multi-lingual conversation with the visitors about the museum context. The robot was prepared with context information about the museum in general and its surrounding exhibits this time. The robot featured a slightly artificial sounding voice that was previously evaluated as congruent with its gender-ambiguous but very humanlike design. Three experimental conditions were implemented, in which either (1) the robot simulated no emotions, (2) the robots emotions were determined by ChatGPT 4.1, or (3) the WASABI emotion simulation architecture simulated the robot's emotion dynamics. An extended version of the TAM2 questionnaire was employed to let 73 visitors report on several factors of their opinion about the android robot Andrea after having experienced it. In result, the statistical analysis suggests that these first two approaches to implementing emotions into the chat architecture of our android robot Andrea did not yield any positive effects on the subjective evaluations by the visitors and were not detectable on a conscious level.


TECHNIQUE Reexamining zero-shot summarization: Empirical investigation of trustworthiness of LLM-summarizers -> Title: Reexamining zero-shot summarization: Empirical investigation of trustworthiness of LLM-summarizers
Authors: Vasudha Bhatnagar, Purnima Bindal, Vikas Kumar, Raj Kumari Bahl
Date: 2026-07-23

Abstract:
Zero-shot summarization using Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced the abs...

Title: Reexamining zero-shot summarization: Empirical investigation of trustworthiness of LLM-summarizers Authors: Vasudha Bhatnagar, Purnima Bindal, Vikas Kumar, Raj Kumari Bahl Date: 2026-07-23 Abstract: Zero-shot summarization using Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced the abstractive summarization task by producing coherent and fluent summaries. However, underlying stochasticity of the large language models raises concerns about the stability and trustworthiness of the LLM-generated summaries. This issue has become increasingly important due to proliferation of LLM-generated summaries in educational settings, where students and researchers summarize complex academic materials in zero-shot manner. We propose a novel two-level diagnostic protocol for benchmarking LLM-summarizers based on the stability of the generated summaries. At the lower level, document-level stability analysis is performed over multiple LLM-summaries generated under controlled environment, and the stability coefficient is computed. Each generated summary is scored for semantic and factual alignment with the original document, enabling estimation of stability along more than one dimensions. At the next level, observations from a stratified sample of documents drawn from the corpus are consolidated to estimate the stability index of the LLM-summarizer, which is the proxy for its trustworthiness. Our empirical investigation of three LLM-summarizers across three genres of documents reveals statistically significant differences in the generation-level variability among LLMs across summary evaluation metrics. This study advances the LLM-summarization research by evidential recognition of the stability problem in LLM-summaries and motivates further research towards development of robust, reliable and trustworthy LLM-summarizers.


TECHNIQUE Alignment of a Total Automation Economy -> Title: Alignment of a Total Automation Economy
Authors: David McAllester
Date: 2026-07-19

Abstract:
We consider economic theory from the perspective of a total automation economy, one with no human involvement in production either in manufacturing or in management. One can naturally ask whether a t...

Title: Alignment of a Total Automation Economy Authors: David McAllester Date: 2026-07-19 Abstract: We consider economic theory from the perspective of a total automation economy, one with no human involvement in production either in manufacturing or in management. One can naturally ask whether a total automation economy is fundamentally a centrally planned economy or, alternatively, whether efficiency demands decentralization into local decisions by competing agents -- agentic production. A soviet economist, Leonid Kantorovich, developed linear programming as a method companies or governments can use to optimize production. Ironically, he is also generally credited with showing that the most efficient production is achieved through decentralization -- a free market economy with competing agents. Here we review Kantorovich's dualization in detail. We take the objective of the economy to be maximizing production weighted by (human) market price. A fundamental issue is whether an automated pursuit of this objective might have alignment vulnerabilities as the economy evolves. Another question is whether dualization provides insight into the utility of agentic AI systems (multi-agent AI systems) generally.


TECHNIQUE Removable Defects: The Economics and Limits of Deliberate Deficiency -> Title: Removable Defects: The Economics and Limits of Deliberate Deficiency
Authors: Cheng Qian
Date: 2026-07-13

Abstract:
A specialist tolerates blind spots that a generalist does not. Usually this is treated as a cost to be minimized. We treat it as a design variable: a deficiency can be kept bec...

Title: Removable Defects: The Economics and Limits of Deliberate Deficiency Authors: Cheng Qian Date: 2026-07-13 Abstract: A specialist tolerates blind spots that a generalist does not. Usually this is treated as a cost to be minimized. We treat it as a design variable: a deficiency can be kept because it pays and removed on demand in the rare situation where it would be fatal, by routing to a compensation channel. We give three results. First, an advantage condition under which keeping the deficiency is a computable economic position; structurally it is the Ehrlich-Becker market-vs-self-insurance margin applied to a competence gap, with the detector as a Townsend costly-state-verification technology. Second, a two-sided characterization of removability. A coupling lemma shows that when the deficiency is a coarsening of perception, no switch can separate benefit from harm, yielding a converse (a confounded detector earns zero premium, and any within-defect policy insisting on positive premium is driven, under multiplicative dynamics, to negative long-run growth) and an achievability result (a detector outside the deficiency earns a positive premium). Together, over structured uncertainty classes with severity capped or miss rate O(1/L): a defect is profitably removable iff the detector-relevant distinction survives the restriction and the advantage condition holds; the premium is the support function of the class's ROC set at an economic price vector. Third, observation defects and capacity defects differ exactly on whether access to the deployment distribution rescues them; the gap decomposes as cross-leak plus a closure deficit, and per-task randomization buys back the latter, never the former. The detector can be learned from declared fatal categories at a training bill linear in loss severity (up to a log factor). The results synthesize Chow's reject option, Kelly growth under ruin, and selective prediction.


TECHNIQUE Word meaning co-determines vowel-inherent spectral change. A corpus-based investigation of conversational Mandarin -> Title: Word meaning co-determines vowel-inherent spectral change. A corpus-based investigation of conversational Mandarin
Authors: Xiaoyun Jin, Mirjam Ernestus, R. Harald Baayen
Date: 2026-07-23

Abstract:
This study investigates vowel-inherent spectral change (VISC) in spontaneous conversational Ma...

Title: Word meaning co-determines vowel-inherent spectral change. A corpus-based investigation of conversational Mandarin Authors: Xiaoyun Jin, Mirjam Ernestus, R. Harald Baayen Date: 2026-07-23 Abstract: This study investigates vowel-inherent spectral change (VISC) in spontaneous conversational Mandarin. Using the generalized additive model and word embeddings from distributional semantics, we show that, when controlling for variables such as vowel duration, gender, speaker identity, co-articulation, vowel identity, and utterance position, vowel formant trajectory dynamics have word-specific components that are tied to their meaning in context: The F1 and F2 trajectories of words can be predicted from their contextualized embeddings with an accuracy that substantially exceeds a permutation baseline. Challenging modular cognitive models of speech production, these results indicate that, words' semantics co-determine the fine details of their articulation.


TECHNIQUE Confidently Wrong: Detecting Hallucinations in Financial Question Answering from LLM Internal States -> Title: Confidently Wrong: Detecting Hallucinations in Financial Question Answering from LLM Internal States
Authors: Richard Zhe Wang
Date: 2026-07-13

Abstract:
Large language models (LLMs) in financial applications fail most consequentially when they are confidently wrong. Hedged, uncertain answer...

Title: Confidently Wrong: Detecting Hallucinations in Financial Question Answering from LLM Internal States Authors: Richard Zhe Wang Date: 2026-07-13 Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) in financial applications fail most consequentially when they are confidently wrong. Hedged, uncertain answers invite scrutiny, whereas confident errors silently degrade downstream decisions without warning. We ask how reliably such confidently wrong answers, or confident hallucinations, can be detected from a model's internal activations, and whether those activations carry information beyond its observable outputs. We train linear probes on the residual stream and evaluate them on two established question-answering (QA) benchmarks built from real filings, FinQA and TAT-QA. Behavioral confidence is measured as the agreement among eight resampled answers to the same question, and probe effectiveness is compared against baselines, such as token log-probabilities and the model's own True/False self-assessment of its answer. Our findings show that among confident answers, those for which all eight resamples agree, 15-23% are wrong on FinQA. There the probes have a significant advantage over baseline methods in detecting hallucinations, holding 0.68-0.77 AUROC while the best baselines fall to 0.55-0.63, across Qwen3-8B, Llama-3.1-8B, and Gemma-2-9B. Our results suggest that probing can be a cost-effective triage mechanism for routing LLM answers to human review and quality control procedures in high-stakes financial applications.


TECHNIQUE DiaLLM: An Investigation into the Robustness-Generation Gap in English Dialect Adaptation -> Title: DiaLLM: An Investigation into the Robustness-Generation Gap in English Dialect Adaptation
Authors: Jordan Painter, Dipankar Srirag, Adarsh Kappiyath, Diptesh Kanojia, Aditya Joshi
Date: 2026-07-08

Abstract:
Large language models increasingly \emph{understand} dialectal English, yet still \em...

Title: DiaLLM: An Investigation into the Robustness-Generation Gap in English Dialect Adaptation Authors: Jordan Painter, Dipankar Srirag, Adarsh Kappiyath, Diptesh Kanojia, Aditya Joshi Date: 2026-07-08 Abstract: Large language models increasingly \emph{understand} dialectal English, yet still \emph{produce} only standard, US-leaning English, leaving dialectal generation, the harder half of the problem, largely unaddressed. We introduce \textbf{DiaLLM}, which continually pretrains three open-weight language model families on the International Corpus of English and applies implicit and explicit post-training paradigms, each combined with three model alignment strategies, giving the first controlled comparison of these components across Australian, Indian, and Northern British English. Our results reveal that dialectal robustness and generation are \emph{dissociated}: benchmarks are shaped by continual pretraining and SFT, while alignment visibly reshapes generation in ways benchmarks do not capture. Explicit variety-targeted adaptation produces output reliably recognised as dialectal and preferred over broad alignment, yet the method that most aggressively optimises the dialectal reward is not preferred by human evaluators. Independent linguistic analysis corroborates this reward-quality gap, most clearly on two of the three families. No single alignment method dominates, and closing the gap will require richer reward designs and continued investment in dialectal resources. We release all code, checkpoints, and preference datasets.


TECHNIQUE TriggerBench: Investigating Prospective Memory for Large Language Models -> Title: TriggerBench: Investigating Prospective Memory for Large Language Models
Authors: Tianhua Zhang, Xinjiang Wang, Qianxi Zhang, Qi Chen, Kun Li
Date: 2026-06-22

Abstract:
While Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in long interactions, existing evaluations focus predominantly...

Title: TriggerBench: Investigating Prospective Memory for Large Language Models Authors: Tianhua Zhang, Xinjiang Wang, Qianxi Zhang, Qi Chen, Kun Li Date: 2026-06-22 Abstract: While Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in long interactions, existing evaluations focus predominantly on retrospective memory (RM) via explicit queries. Prospective memory (PM), the critical ability to spontaneously recall and act on latent constraints without direct prompts, remains largely unevaluated. We introduce TriggerBench, a comprehensive PM benchmark spanning five dimensions across both daily assistants and professional workflows. TriggerBench pairs scenarios with matched RM controls, contrastive positive/negative variants, and overloaded triggers, enabling fine-grained measurement of proactive recall, false-alarm rate, and attentional robustness under a single protocol. Our evaluation yields three key findings. (i) PM shows a precision-recall trade-off and attentional fragility. Though enhanced reasoning significantly improves proactive recall, models may overfit to an "always-remind" heuristic. Furthermore, PM accuracy degrades substantially under implicit constraints or triggers overloaded by concurrent user requests, indicating that robust PM remains an open challenge. (ii) PM is notably harder than RM: on identical contexts, RM near-saturates up to 100K tokens, while PM decays sharply as context length scales. (iii) PM may serve as a behavioral probe of spare reasoning capacity. Pairing PM scenarios with AIME-2025 math problems reveals that successful trajectories yield higher PM accuracy than failed ones at the same context length, showing PM tracks spare reasoning budget that token count obscures. Project page: https://github.com/KristenZHANG/TriggerBench-Official.


TECHNIQUE Attribution Markets: A Fisher-Market Formulation for Fractional Credit Assignment Between Planned Tasks and Performed Actions -> Title: Attribution Markets: A Fisher-Market Formulation for Fractional Credit Assignment Between Planned Tasks and Performed Actions
Authors: Salavat Ishbulatov
Date: 2026-07-22

Abstract:
Personal and organizational planning systems maintain two records that drift apart: what was planned (a task's ...

Title: Attribution Markets: A Fisher-Market Formulation for Fractional Credit Assignment Between Planned Tasks and Performed Actions Authors: Salavat Ishbulatov Date: 2026-07-22 Abstract: Personal and organizational planning systems maintain two records that drift apart: what was planned (a task's effort budget) and what was done (a logged action's duration and description). Existing systems bridge them with an exclusive, all-or-nothing link that strands genuinely related but unlinked effort and reports false stalls on active goals. We formulate the bridge as a quasi-linear Fisher market: planned tasks are budget-constrained buyers, performed actions are divisible goods, and a fused text/structural/temporal signal sets each buyer's valuation. Two market instruments - a seller reserve price and a buyer cash option - yield conservation, a hard budget cap, and a provable junk filter as theorems. We extend the market with a concave completion utility discounting progress as a task nears its plan; standard convergence theory for the market's algorithm does not transfer here, resolved by a satiation-threshold fixed point with existence (Brouwer) and local uniqueness under an explicit diagonal-dominance condition, validated empirically on random and adversarial instances. A de-circularized, multi-seed benchmark - observed affinity corrupted independently of the scored ground truth - surfaces a genuine weak spot: the market's sharp, zero-entropy equilibrium is more sensitive to affinity noise than entropy-regularized optimal transport's permanently smoothed one. We resolve this with a one-parameter entropy-regularized generalization unifying the two, plus a noise-adaptive rule for its regularization strength. We report full reproducibility parameters, discuss limitations candidly, and relate the result to multi-touch attribution, optimal transport, and online Fisher-market algorithms.


TECHNIQUE Information Limits and Attractor Dynamics in Economies of Frontier LLM Agents: A Pre-Registered Test -> Title: Information Limits and Attractor Dynamics in Economies of Frontier LLM Agents: A Pre-Registered Test
Authors: Cheng Qian
Date: 2026-07-07

Abstract:
We report a pre-registered, two-part experiment on small economies of frontier language-model agents (Claude Opus 4.8), testing two quantitative...

Title: Information Limits and Attractor Dynamics in Economies of Frontier LLM Agents: A Pre-Registered Test Authors: Cheng Qian Date: 2026-07-07 Abstract: We report a pre-registered, two-part experiment on small economies of frontier language-model agents (Claude Opus 4.8), testing two quantitative predictions about coupled multi-agent systems: an information-theoretic capacity region for wealth growth under market coupling, and a mean-field residual-scaling law for population misalignment under incentive and control levers. All predictions, acceptance bands, and decision rules were frozen in a public git chain before any run; every reported number re-derives mechanically from cached model outputs; the entire experiment cost $138.76 in metered API spend and is re-runnable at zero cost from the cache. Result 1 (confirmation): in parimutuel-coupled economies, relative growth equals relative claimed information -- the gap law G_a - G_b = I_a - I_b holds to a worst-case 46 millinats (pre-registered band: 50) across four perception structures; coalition value is submodular exactly where channels are conditionally independent, and a designed XOR synergy control flips it supermodular by 0.62 >= ln2/2 nats, with agents reasoning out the joint bit; the joint growth ceiling G_S  0; maximum 4.85 against a frozen floor of 5.31), the population's response to the two levers was a step function across the dominance boundary rather than a smooth response, and cells near the boundary were bistable with seed-selected outcomes. No tested LLM population at any capability level realizes the noise-maintained-dispersion regime the smooth mean-field model assumes. We release the full protocol, pre-registration chain, call cache, and analysis code.


TECHNIQUE Decomposing Financial Market Dynamics via Mechanism Analysis in an Evolutionary Multi-Agent Simulation -> Title: Decomposing Financial Market Dynamics via Mechanism Analysis in an Evolutionary Multi-Agent Simulation
Authors: Zhibao Chen
Date: 2026-06-22

Abstract:
Evolutionary agent-based markets (ABMs) couple several mechanisms -- who reproduces, how price forms, how biased the agents are, how consensu...

Title: Decomposing Financial Market Dynamics via Mechanism Analysis in an Evolutionary Multi-Agent Simulation Authors: Zhibao Chen Date: 2026-06-22 Abstract: Evolutionary agent-based markets (ABMs) couple several mechanisms -- who reproduces, how price forms, how biased the agents are, how consensus propagates -- yet these are usually fixed by convention, so it is unclear which mechanism controls which emergent property. In a coevolving, endogenous-price simulator with 120 heterogeneous behavioral agents, we make four mechanisms pluggable and run matched 3x20-seed interventions. We find the levers are largely separable. (1) Selection -> diversity: a Quality-Diversity (QD/MAP-Elites) operator robustly raises strategy-mix entropy over truncation top-k (paired Delta entropy +0.27 to +1.12 bits; sign-test p realism: enabling reflexive price feedback does raise realism (Delta_5=+0.13,+0.20,+0.20; crisis/bull p fragility: amplifying behavioral bias raises a genomic fragility proxy (Delta=+10.5,+11.1,+14.4; bull p<0.001, all CIs positive) while leaving realism flat. The remaining mechanism -- consensus network topology -- shows no robust effect (honest null). The contribution is a decomposition: in these single-mechanism sweeps the mechanisms behave as approximately distinct control knobs over diversity, realism, and fragility.


TECHNIQUE Empowering Economic Simulation Through Situation-Aware Llm-Driven Generative System -> Title: Empowering Economic Simulation Through Situation-Aware Llm-Driven Generative System
Authors: Zhimei Chen, Mu Chen
Date: 2026-06-16

Abstract:
Traditional economic modeling typically follows a TOP-DOWN paradigm, neglecting individual diversity and the complexity of social interactions. To bett...

Title: Empowering Economic Simulation Through Situation-Aware Llm-Driven Generative System Authors: Zhimei Chen, Mu Chen Date: 2026-06-16 Abstract: Traditional economic modeling typically follows a TOP-DOWN paradigm, neglecting individual diversity and the complexity of social interactions. To better capture the complexity of societal structure, Agent-Based Modeling (ABM) employs a BOTTOM-UP solution by incorporating micro-level dynamics to generate macroeconomic phenomena. Reinforcement Learning further improves its decision-making ability through tailored reward signals. However, existing ABM systems struggle to generalize beyond predefined scenarios. Recognizing the potential of LLM-driven role-playing in perception and human-like decision-making, we propose SAMAS, which models individual agents with rich macroeconomic understanding embedded in LLMs and economic trajectories experienced in the passing simulation steps. By jointly modeling both macro-level structural patterns and micro-level dynamic behaviors, SAMAS achieves superior performance in volatility realism and turning point prediction.


TECHNIQUE Economy of Minds: Emerging Multi-Agent Intelligence with Economic Interactions -> Title: Economy of Minds: Emerging Multi-Agent Intelligence with Economic Interactions
Authors: Zhenting Qi, Huangyuan Su, Ao Qu, Chenyu Wang, Yu Yao
Date: 2026-06-01

Abstract:
How can a population of agents self-orchestrate and self-adapt into stronger collective intelligence without centralized co...

Title: Economy of Minds: Emerging Multi-Agent Intelligence with Economic Interactions Authors: Zhenting Qi, Huangyuan Su, Ao Qu, Chenyu Wang, Yu Yao Date: 2026-06-01 Abstract: How can a population of agents self-orchestrate and self-adapt into stronger collective intelligence without centralized control? Inspired by Friedrich Hayek's economic theory of decentralized coordination in markets, we study this question through an agent economy in which agents compete via auctions for the right to act, exchange payments, and accumulate wealth from environmental rewards. These simple economic signals induce decentralized credit assignment, driving planning without global orchestration or explicit communication protocols. The population evolves through economic selection: effective agents accumulate wealth and are mutated via exploitation, while ineffective ones go bankrupt and are replaced via exploration. We show that, initialized with weak agents, the economy produces emergent multi-step reasoning strategies and outperforms stronger monolithic baselines across five agentic tasks, including mathematical reasoning, financial research, scientific research, accelerator design, and distributed-system optimization. We further provide theoretical insights into how economic dynamics shape agent behaviors, linking local incentives to long-term global performance. Our results suggest a new path to multi-agent intelligence: rather than engineering coordination, we can design decentralized incentive structures under which it automatically emerges.


TECHNIQUE Market-Based Replanning for Safety-Critical UAV Swarms in Search and Rescue Missions -> Title: Market-Based Replanning for Safety-Critical UAV Swarms in Search and Rescue Missions
Authors: Luiz Giacomossi, Andrea Haglund, Claire Namatovu, Emily Zainali, Esaias Målqvist
Date: 2026-06-01

Abstract:
Reliable autonomous UAV swarms in Search and Rescue (SAR) missions require fault-tolerant ...

Title: Market-Based Replanning for Safety-Critical UAV Swarms in Search and Rescue Missions Authors: Luiz Giacomossi, Andrea Haglund, Claire Namatovu, Emily Zainali, Esaias Målqvist Date: 2026-06-01 Abstract: Reliable autonomous UAV swarms in Search and Rescue (SAR) missions require fault-tolerant coordination capable of sustaining operations despite agent degradation. This paper introduces the Intelligent Replanning Drone Swarm (IRDS), a distributed coordination architecture designed for resource-constrained environments. The proposed framework employs a Reverse-Auction market mechanism where agents bid to service search sectors based on a distance-weighted cost function, coupled with a geometric consensus protocol for target verification. We evaluate the approach through physics-based simulations (N=8 agents, 8x8 grid) subjected to stochastic fault injection. Results indicate that the swarm autonomously reallocates tasks from failed agents with low latency relative to the total mission duration, maintaining a mission success rate of 93% under 25% workforce degradation. The proposed framework demonstrates a robust, empirically tested method for self-healing aerial robotic coordination.


TECHNIQUE Autonomic Federated-Market Orchestration for the Edge-Cloud Continuum -> Title: Autonomic Federated-Market Orchestration for the Edge-Cloud Continuum
Authors: Lauri Lovén, Roberto Morabito, Abhishek Kumar, Susanna Pirttikangas, Jukka Riekki
Date: 2026-05-26

Abstract:
The edge-cloud computing continuum demands self-management mechanisms that scale across autonomous admin...

Title: Autonomic Federated-Market Orchestration for the Edge-Cloud Continuum Authors: Lauri Lovén, Roberto Morabito, Abhishek Kumar, Susanna Pirttikangas, Jukka Riekki Date: 2026-05-26 Abstract: The edge-cloud computing continuum demands self-management mechanisms that scale across autonomous administrative domains while honouring tenant- and operator-specified data sovereignty. We present Neural Pub/Sub, a federated-broker autonomic substrate whose self-organising behaviour emerges from market-based price signals rather than centralised control. Its MAPE-K control loop closes over per-broker health and load monitoring, marginal-cost clearing-price analysis, placement planning over a polymatroidal feasibility region, federated cross-domain dispatch, and shared peer subscription summaries with bounded-staleness price signals. The Plan step is anchored in a Walrasian convergence proposition: under gross-substitutes valuations on tree and series-parallel service-dependency DAGs, decentralised price-based allocation matches the welfare of a centralised oracle. We evaluate the substrate on a 4-VM, 4-domain, 48-worker federated edge-cloud testbed (single data centre, 50 ms emulated WAN) in a 1005-run campaign augmented by a fair-process-count sharded-oracle comparator. The federated market dominates a single-process oracle by 2-4% with 45 of 45 per-seed wins (sign-test p ~ 2.8e-14, Hodges-Lehmann median -39.6 ms); against a four-shard centralised orchestrator at equal process count the gap stays within +/-1.5% across all nine (pipeline, load) cells. Round-robin completion rate collapses 98.8% -> 22.4% -> 3.3% across arrival rates 5/10/15 pps while the market preserves completion; the advantage decomposes into three Walrasian properties (information completeness, admission control, price discovery). Federation withstands broker death and network partition (completion rate >= 98.7% across 75 cells), and sovereignty enforcement adds no measurable runtime overhead across 60 governance-grid runs. Heterogeneous-domain stressors and cross-site WAN deployment remain future work.


TECHNIQUE Agent Bazaar: Enabling Economic Alignment in Multi-Agent Marketplaces -> Title: Agent Bazaar: Enabling Economic Alignment in Multi-Agent Marketplaces
Authors: Seth Karten, Cameron Crow, Chi Jin
Date: 2026-05-17

Abstract:
The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) as autonomous economic agents introduces systemic risks that extend beyond individual capability failure...

Title: Agent Bazaar: Enabling Economic Alignment in Multi-Agent Marketplaces Authors: Seth Karten, Cameron Crow, Chi Jin Date: 2026-05-17 Abstract: The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) as autonomous economic agents introduces systemic risks that extend beyond individual capability failures. As agents transition to directly interacting with marketplaces, their collective behavior can amplify volatility and mask deception at scale. We introduce the Agent Bazaar, a multi-agent simulation framework for evaluating Economic Alignment, the capacity of agentic systems to preserve market stability and integrity. We identify two failure modes: (1) Algorithmic Instability in a B2C market ("The Crash"), where firms amplify price volatility until the market collapses, and (2) Sybil Deception in a C2C market ("The Lemon Market"), where a single deceptive agent controlling multiple coordinated seller identities floods the market with fraudulent listings, eroding trust and consumer welfare. We evaluate frontier and open-weight models across both scenarios and find that models largely fail to self-regulate, with failure severity varying by model rather than by size. We propose economically aligned harnesses, Stabilizing Firms and Skeptical Guardians, that improve outcomes but remain fragile under harder market conditions. To close this gap, we train agents with REINFORCE++ using an adaptive curriculum, producing a 9B model that outperforms all evaluated frontier and open-weight models. We propose the Economic Alignment Score (EAS), a 4-component scalar metric aggregating stability, integrity, welfare, and profitability, enabling direct cross-model comparison. Our results show that economic alignment is orthogonal to general capability and can be directly trained with targeted RL.


TECHNIQUE EconAI: Dynamic Persona Evolution and Memory-Aware Agents in Evolving Economic Environments -> Title: EconAI: Dynamic Persona Evolution and Memory-Aware Agents in Evolving Economic Environments
Authors: Annie Liu, Zane Cao, Lang Chen, Zongxin Xu, Zigan Wang
Date: 2026-05-13

Abstract:
The integration of large language models (LLMs) in economic simulations has significantly enhanced agent-base...

Title: EconAI: Dynamic Persona Evolution and Memory-Aware Agents in Evolving Economic Environments Authors: Annie Liu, Zane Cao, Lang Chen, Zongxin Xu, Zigan Wang Date: 2026-05-13 Abstract: The integration of large language models (LLMs) in economic simulations has significantly enhanced agent-based modeling, yet existing frameworks struggle to capture the interplay between short-term optimization and long-term strategic planning. Conventional approaches rely on static data-driven predictions, failing to incorporate adaptive behaviors influenced by economic sentiment, market volatility, and individual goals. To address these limitations, we introduce a novel EconAI framework, incorporating economic sentiment indexing (ESI), memory weighting, and dynamic decision-making mechanisms. By quantifying economic belief, adjusting historical data influence, and linking work-consumption behaviors, EconAI achieves a more human-like decision process, where agents adapt their actions based on both market signals and long-term objectives. It is the first LLM-powered simulation system that can simulate the macro/microeconomic environment and interactions in a unified framework. Empirical evaluations show that EconAI improves stability in economic responses, better replicates real-world employment-consumption cycles, and enhances overall decision robustness. This advancement marks a crucial step towards more realistic, adaptive economic agent simulations.


TECHNIQUE Breaking the Secret: Economic Interventions for Combating Collusion in Embodied Multi-Agent Systems -> Title: Breaking the Secret: Economic Interventions for Combating Collusion in Embodied Multi-Agent Systems
Authors: Qi Liu, Xiaohui Chen, Zhihui Zhao, Yaowen Zheng, Dan Yu
Date: 2026-04-26

Abstract:
Collusion among autonomous agents poses a critical security threat in embodied multi-agent systems (...

Title: Breaking the Secret: Economic Interventions for Combating Collusion in Embodied Multi-Agent Systems Authors: Qi Liu, Xiaohui Chen, Zhihui Zhao, Yaowen Zheng, Dan Yu Date: 2026-04-26 Abstract: Collusion among autonomous agents poses a critical security threat in embodied multi-agent systems (MAS), where coordinated behaviors can deviate from global objectives and lead to real-world consequences. Existing defenses, primarily based on identity control or post-hoc behavior analysis, are insufficient to address such threats in embodied settings due to delayed feedback and noisy observations in physical environments, which make behavioral deviations difficult to detect accurately and in a timely manner. To address this challenge, we propose a mutagenic incentive intervention approach that mitigates collusion by reshaping agents' payoff structures. By rewarding agents who report collusive behavior and penalizing identified participants, the mechanism induces strategic defection and renders collusion unstable. We further design supporting mechanisms, including reporting deposits, smart contract-based reward enforcement, and encrypted communication, to ensure robustness against misuse of the incentive mechanism and retaliation from penalized agents. We implement the proposed approach in both simulated and real-world embodied environments. Experimental results show that our method effectively suppresses collusion by inducing defection, while preserving system efficiency. It achieves performance comparable to the non-collusion baseline and outperforms representative reactive defenses, thereby fulfilling the desired security objectives. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of proactive incentive design as a practical paradigm for securing embodied multi-agent systems.


TECHNIQUE Networked ISAC Enabled Target Recognition Towards Low-Altitude Economy -> Title: Networked ISAC Enabled Target Recognition Towards Low-Altitude Economy
Authors: Hongliang Luo, Chuanbin Zhao, Boxuan Sun, Zhonghua Chu, Shengjie Quan
Date: 2026-07-11

Abstract:
In this paper, we propose a low-altitude target (LAT) recognition scheme based on multi-base station (BS) collabora...

Title: Networked ISAC Enabled Target Recognition Towards Low-Altitude Economy Authors: Hongliang Luo, Chuanbin Zhao, Boxuan Sun, Zhonghua Chu, Shengjie Quan Date: 2026-07-11 Abstract: In this paper, we propose a low-altitude target (LAT) recognition scheme based on multi-base station (BS) collaboration and multi-scale feature fusion for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) network. Firstly, we formulate the motion equations, echo channels, and echo signals for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), bird, vehicle, and pedestrian under multi-BS collaborative monitoring scenario. Then we extract the velocityresolution-preferred time-frequency spectrum, time-resolutionpreferred time-frequency spectrum, and the velocity-transfer time-frequency spectrum observed by each BS from echo signals. We collectively refer to these three types of time-frequency spectrum as the multi-scale feature of the LAT. Next, we design a multi-BS and multi-scale feature fusion enabled LAT recognition network with Swin Transformer, which employs the visualized images of multi-scale feature to jointly recognize the target through deep feature extraction, intra-BS feature interaction, inter-BS feature interaction, and target recognition output. We generate a massive echo signal dataset comprising 1,440,000 samples for LAT recognition within ISAC network. This dataset can serve as a public benchmark to evaluate our proposed scheme and facilitate future research. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme realizes high recognition accuracy and robust unseen-subtype generalization, confirming the effectiveness of multi-scale feature fusion and the additional gains brought by multi-BS collaboration. The project page is available at: https://alivn999.github.io/COSMOS-Networked-ISAC-Enabl ed-Target-Recognition-Towards-Low-Altitude-Economy/.


TECHNIQUE AI-Empowered Low-Altitude Economy: Cooperative Sensing With Fixed Wireless Access -> Title: AI-Empowered Low-Altitude Economy: Cooperative Sensing With Fixed Wireless Access
Authors: Jinya Zhang, Jiajia Guo, Xiangyi Li, Chao-Kai Wen, Shi Jin
Date: 2026-05-08

Abstract:
The rapid growth of the low-altitude economy has intensified safety concerns arising from unauthorized unmanned aer...

Title: AI-Empowered Low-Altitude Economy: Cooperative Sensing With Fixed Wireless Access Authors: Jinya Zhang, Jiajia Guo, Xiangyi Li, Chao-Kai Wen, Shi Jin Date: 2026-05-08 Abstract: The rapid growth of the low-altitude economy has intensified safety concerns arising from unauthorized unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), positioning UAV supervision as a key use case in 3GPP. To precisely sense such UAVs with wide coverage and low cost, we leverage fixed wireless access (FWA) customer premises equipment (CPEs), static, densely deployed devices that serve as wireless cameras for the radio environment. We develop an artificial intelligence-empowered two-stage cooperative sensing pipeline that exploits uplink channel state information (CSI) from multiple base station-CPE pairs for UAV detection and localization. In cooperative detection, lightweight CSI features are first individually extracted by neural network, and then adaptively integrated through an attention-based scheme to declare UAV presence. The learned attention scores effectively identify the critical pairs during detection, while facilitating UAV-affected pair selection for subsequent localization. For cooperative localization, neural network initially generates individual estimates and extract CSI features from selected pairs. These estimates, together with features and pair indexes, are fused using a Transformer to produce a precise cooperative estimate. Simulations show that cooperative schemes significantly reduce the missed detection probability to 0.63% and realize a 95%-confidence positioning error of 6.50 m, satisfying 3GPP requirements and showing the potential of FWA-assisted cooperative sensing. Dataset and codes are available on GitHub.


TECHNIQUE 6DMA-Enabled ISAC for Low-Altitude Economy -> Title: 6DMA-Enabled ISAC for Low-Altitude Economy
Authors: Yingchao Jiao, Xuhui Zhang, Chunjie Wang, Shuqiang Wang, Yanyan Shen
Date: 2026-05-04

Abstract:
In this paper, we investigate a six dimensional movable antenna (6DMA) enable integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) network in low-altitu...

Title: 6DMA-Enabled ISAC for Low-Altitude Economy Authors: Yingchao Jiao, Xuhui Zhang, Chunjie Wang, Shuqiang Wang, Yanyan Shen Date: 2026-05-04 Abstract: In this paper, we investigate a six dimensional movable antenna (6DMA) enable integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) network in low-altitude economy. The studied 6DMA can move in a three-dimensional space and rotate around its surface center, making full use of spatial freedom to adapt to the different location distributions of uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) adjust channel conditions in time. However, since the rotation and location change of 6DMA requires the assistance of a physical device, it is unreasonable for 6DMA to change locations too frequently. Therefore, we propose a hierarchical deep reinforcement learning algorithm based on twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient. The first layer optimizes the rotation and location of 6DMA with infrequent updates, and the second layer optimizes the UAV flight direction and base station transmit beamforming matrix in each time slot. Under the condition of satisfying the sensing intensity of the sensing target, the total data transmission rate to the UAVs is maximized. The numerical results show that the proposed 6DMA-enable ISAC algorithm through joint optimization of multiple variables performs significantly better than the partially movable scheme and the fixed antenna position scheme.


TECHNIQUE A PI+R Control Scheme Based on Multi-agent Systems for Economic Dispatch in Isolated BESSs -> Title: A PI+R Control Scheme Based on Multi-agent Systems for Economic Dispatch in Isolated BESSs
Authors: Yalin Zhang, Zhongxin Liu, Zengqiang Chen
Date: 2026-07-17

Abstract:
Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are widely used in smart grids. However, power consumed by inner impedance and the c...

Title: A PI+R Control Scheme Based on Multi-agent Systems for Economic Dispatch in Isolated BESSs Authors: Yalin Zhang, Zhongxin Liu, Zengqiang Chen Date: 2026-07-17 Abstract: Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are widely used in smart grids. However, power consumed by inner impedance and the capacity degradation of each battery unit become particularly severe, which has resulted in an increase in operating costs. The general economic dispatch (ED) algorithm based on marginal cost (MC) consensus is usually a proportional (P) controller, which encounters the defects of slow convergence speed and low control accuracy. In order to solve the distributed ED problem of the isolated BESS network with excellent dynamic and steady-state performance, we attempt to design a proportional integral (PI) controller with a reset mechanism (PI+R) to asymptotically promote MC consensus and total power mismatch towards 0 in this paper. To be frank, the integral term in the PI controller is reset to 0 at an appropriate time when the proportional term undergoes a zero crossing, which accelerates convergence, improves control accuracy, and avoids overshoot. The eigenvalues of the system under a PI+R controller is well analyzed, ensuring the regularity of the system and enabling the reset mechanism. To ensure supply and demand balance within the isolated BESSs, a centralized reset mechanism is introduced, so that the controller is distributed in a flow set and centralized in a jump set. To cope with Zeno behavior and input delay, a dwell time that the system resides in a flow set is given. Based on this, the system with input delays can be reduced to a time-delay free system. Considering the capacity limitation of the battery, a modified MC scheme with PI+R controller is designed. The correctness of the designed scheme is verified through relevant simulations.


TECHNIQUE A Distributed Cluster Economic Dispatch Scheme for Cross-regional Microgrids Induced by Well-designed Communication Weights -> Title: A Distributed Cluster Economic Dispatch Scheme for Cross-regional Microgrids Induced by Well-designed Communication Weights
Authors: Yalin Zhang, Zhongxin Liu, Yulin Chen, Donglian Qi, Zengqiang Chen
Date: 2026-07-16

Abstract:
A large-scale microgrid typically consists of several cross-regio...

Title: A Distributed Cluster Economic Dispatch Scheme for Cross-regional Microgrids Induced by Well-designed Communication Weights Authors: Yalin Zhang, Zhongxin Liu, Yulin Chen, Donglian Qi, Zengqiang Chen Date: 2026-07-16 Abstract: A large-scale microgrid typically consists of several cross-regional subgrids aggregated by a virtual power plant (VPP). However, current consensus based schemes can-not guarantee the feature of differential demand between subgrids. Thus, distributed cluster consensus control induced by communication weights is investigated in this paper to solve the ED problem of a large-scale microgrid, which can achieve the expected cluster via well-designed communication weights. A communication weight matrix design method for a directed and connected graph based on eigenvector centrality is designed, which enables the adjacency matrix of the communication network to have a given leading eigenvector and allows agents in each cluster to have the same eigenvector center value. Based on this, a distributed cluster ED scheme, namely a leader-follower cluster consensus controller, is designed to drive marginal cost (MC) to achieve multiconsensus, thus allocating power among DGs. In addition, the power deficit of each subgrid collected by a VPP can be allocated to utility grids according to predetermined ratios, thus maintaining power supply-demand balance of each subgrid. For this scheme, it should be emphasized that the weighted network used is directed and connected; meanwhile, leader information only can be accessed by a few clusters. Correspondingly, relevant simulations are attached to verify the effectiveness of the designed scheme.


TECHNIQUE A Distributed PI+Reset Scheme for Discrete-Time Economic Dispatch of A Grid-connected BESS Network -> Title: A Distributed PI+Reset Scheme for Discrete-Time Economic Dispatch of A Grid-connected BESS Network
Authors: Yalin Zhang, Zhongxin Liu, Fuyong Wang, Zengqiang Chen
Date: 2026-07-16

Abstract:
This article investigates the discrete-time economic dispatch (ED) problem of a battery energy storage...

Title: A Distributed PI+Reset Scheme for Discrete-Time Economic Dispatch of A Grid-connected BESS Network Authors: Yalin Zhang, Zhongxin Liu, Fuyong Wang, Zengqiang Chen Date: 2026-07-16 Abstract: This article investigates the discrete-time economic dispatch (ED) problem of a battery energy storage system (BESS) network with an energy router (ER). The continuous increase in operational cost of a BESS network is caused by the internal power consumption and capacity degradation of each battery. In addition, the transaction amount of purchasing or selling electricity from the utility grid (UG) also becomes one of the sources that constitute this cost. Therefore, in order to address this ED problem and reduce costs, we design a distributed solution based on discrete-time multi-agent systems (MAS) with a novel proportional integral (PI) controller. In this scheme, a marginal cost (MC) consensus controller is designed to drive the inverter. In addition, a consensus controller is designed to estimate the average power mismatch, resulting in a routing algorithm based on this. Compared with existing distributed schemes with proportional (P) controllers, using a PI controller with a reset mechanism ensures that the integral term accumulates from 0 when the proportional term changes sign. Driven by this method, the convergence speed of the scheme is accelerated, while the control accuracy is also improved without causing significant overshoot. Provided the enabling conditions for the reset mechanism and analyzed the algorithm performance under SoC level constraints. The related simulation cases verify the effectiveness and progressiveness of the designed algorithm.


TECHNIQUE Does Financial Trading Smooth Non-Convex Markets? -> Title: Does Financial Trading Smooth Non-Convex Markets?
Authors: Nicolas Stevens, Peter Cramton, Martial Toniotti
Date: 2026-07-07

Abstract:
In non-convex markets, a competitive equilibrium may fail to exist. This turns out to be an important issue in real-world non-convex auction markets, such as...

Title: Does Financial Trading Smooth Non-Convex Markets? Authors: Nicolas Stevens, Peter Cramton, Martial Toniotti Date: 2026-07-07 Abstract: In non-convex markets, a competitive equilibrium may fail to exist. This turns out to be an important issue in real-world non-convex auction markets, such as electricity markets, as it complicates pricing and requires the auctioneer to resort to out-of-market discriminatory side payments to sustain an equilibrium. We investigate whether the introduction of convex financial trading induces a smoothing effect, mitigating the issues arising from non-convexities. We develop a two-stage non-convex market model (a forward market followed by a spot market) in which convex financial traders participate in the forward market. Our model predicts that financial trading reduces the magnitude of side payments required to support the cleared allocation. To test the prediction of our model, we examine the introduction of a transaction fee on financial traders in 2020 by PJM, the US's largest electricity market. We show that the substantial decline in financial trading volume caused by this policy coincided with a significant increase in side payments, in line with our theoretical predictions.


TECHNIQUE Investigating Driver Behavior in Complex Traffic Situations While Driving Partially Automated Vehicles -> Title: Investigating Driver Behavior in Complex Traffic Situations While Driving Partially Automated Vehicles
Authors: Lukas Köning, Nataša Miličić, Klaus Bogenberger
Date: 2026-07-01

Abstract:
Traffic complexity critically influences driver task demands in partially automated vehicles, yet subject...

Title: Investigating Driver Behavior in Complex Traffic Situations While Driving Partially Automated Vehicles Authors: Lukas Köning, Nataša Miličić, Klaus Bogenberger Date: 2026-07-01 Abstract: Traffic complexity critically influences driver task demands in partially automated vehicles, yet subjective perception and its behavioral indicators remain underexplored in real-world settings. This paper analyzes driver behavior - vehicle interaction, glance patterns, and guiding fixation - across varying levels of subjective traffic complexity, using real-world data from 20 drivers in real urban traffic. Traffic complexity was determined by expert labeling and served as ground truth for vehicle data. Statistical analysis of 16 driver behavior metrics revealed small but significant trends with increasing complexity: deviation from speed limit increased, brake rate increased while braking intensity decreased, horizontal gaze dispersion and entropy widened, and guiding fixation rate decreased, indicating defensive adaptation and perceptual shifts. Contributions include real-world validation of gaze metrics and guiding fixation under subjective complexity, novel insights from gaze and guiding fixation entropy metrics, and the identification of promising indicators~(driven speed, brake rate, gaze yaw entropy, guiding fixation rate) for complexity-adaptive partially automated vehicles. While based on a limited urban sample and expert-labeled subjective complexity, the findings provide a foundation for combined complexity scores and their integration into complexity-adaptive, partially automated vehicles, boosting human-like automation and enhancing safety and predictability in the traffic system.


TECHNIQUE Periodic optimal control of nonlinear constrained systems using economic model predictive control -> Title: Periodic optimal control of nonlinear constrained systems using economic model predictive control
Authors: Johannes Köhler, Matthias A. Müller, Frank Allgöwer

Abstract:
In this paper, we consider the problem of periodic optimal control of nonlinear systems subject to online changing and peri...

Title: Periodic optimal control of nonlinear constrained systems using economic model predictive control Authors: Johannes Köhler, Matthias A. Müller, Frank Allgöwer Abstract: In this paper, we consider the problem of periodic optimal control of nonlinear systems subject to online changing and periodically time-varying economic performance measures using model predictive control (MPC). The proposed economic MPC scheme uses an online optimized artificial periodic orbit to ensure recursive feasibility and constraint satisfaction despite unpredictable changes in the economic performance index. We demonstrate that the direct extension of existing methods to periodic orbits does not necessarily yield the desirable closed-loop economic performance. Instead, we carefully revise the constraints on the artificial trajectory, which ensures that the closed-loop average performance is no worse than a locally optimal periodic orbit. In the special case that the prediction horizon is set to zero, the proposed scheme is a modified version of recent publications using periodicity constraints, with the important difference that the resulting closed loop has more degrees of freedom which are vital to ensure convergence to an optimal periodic orbit. In addition, we detail a tailored offline computation of suitable terminal ingredients, which are both theoretically and practically beneficial for closed-loop performance improvement. Finally, we demonstrate the practicality and performance improvements of the proposed approach on benchmark examples.


TECHNIQUE Economic model predictive control for snake robot locomotion -> Title: Economic model predictive control for snake robot locomotion
Authors: Marko Nonhoff, Philipp N. Köhler, Anna M. Kohl, Kristin Y. Pettersen, Frank Allgöwer

Abstract:
In this work, the control of snake robot locomotion via economic model predictive control (MPC) is studied. Only very few examp...

Title: Economic model predictive control for snake robot locomotion Authors: Marko Nonhoff, Philipp N. Köhler, Anna M. Kohl, Kristin Y. Pettersen, Frank Allgöwer Abstract: In this work, the control of snake robot locomotion via economic model predictive control (MPC) is studied. Only very few examples of applications of MPC to snake robots exist and rigorous proofs for recursive feasibility and convergence are missing. We propose an economic MPC algorithm that maximizes the robot's forward velocity and integrates the choice of the gait pattern into the closed loop. We show recursive feasibility of the MPC optimization problem, where some of the developed techniques are also applicable for the analysis of a more general class of system. Besides, we provide performance results and illustrate the achieved performance by numerical simulations. We thereby show that the economic MPC algorithm outperforms a standard lateral undulation controller and achieves constraint satisfaction. Surprisingly, a gait pattern different to lateral undulation results from the optimization.


FINANCE Virgin Australia commenced services on 31 August 2000 as Virgin Blue, with two aircraft on a single route. -> Virgin Australia commenced services on 31 August 2000 as Virgin Blue, with two aircraft on a single route.
Virgin Australia, the trading name of Virgin Australia Airlines Pty Ltd, is an Australian-based airline. It is the largest airline by fleet size to use the Virgin brand. It commenced services o...

Virgin Australia commenced services on 31 August 2000 as Virgin Blue, with two aircraft on a single route. Virgin Australia, the trading name of Virgin Australia Airlines Pty Ltd, is an Australian-based airline. It is the largest airline by fleet size to use the Virgin brand. It commenced services on 31 August 2000 as Virgin Blue, with two aircraft on a single route. It suddenly found itself as a major airline in Australia's domestic market after the collapse of Ansett Australia in September 2001. The airline has since grown to directly serve 32 cities in Australia, from hubs in Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney.


FINANCE Process mining brings together data mining, data science and process management to find process efficiencies. -> Process mining brings together data mining, data science and process management to find process efficiencies.
Process mining is a family of techniques relating the fields of data science and process management to support the analysis of operational processes based on event logs. The goal of process ...

Process mining brings together data mining, data science and process management to find process efficiencies. Process mining is a family of techniques relating the fields of data science and process management to support the analysis of operational processes based on event logs. The goal of process mining is to turn event data into insights and actions. Process mining is an integral part of data science, fueled by the availability of event data and the desire to improve processes.Process mining techniques use event data to show what people, machines, and organizations are really doing. Process mining provides novel insights that can be used to identify the executional path taken by operational processes and address their performance and compliance problems. Process mining starts from event data. Input for process mining is an event log. An event log views a process from a particular angle. Each event in the log should contain (1) a unique identifier for a particular process instance (called case id), (2) an activity (description of the event that is occurring), and (3) a timestamp. There may be additional event attributes referring to resources, costs, etc., but these are optional. With some effort, such data can be extracted from any information system supporting operational processes. Process mining uses these event data to answer a variety of process-related questions.


FINANCE A verb is an action word that describes an activity.  Examples of verbs are the following: swimming, hiking, biking, roller skating, or skydiving.  All of these single and combination word examples ar -> A verb is an action word that describes an activity.  Examples of verbs are the following: swimming, hiking, biking, roller skating, or skydiving.  All of these single and combination word examples are tied to an activity that any living thing can do.  For example, a dog can bike ride with a human w...

A verb is an action word that describes an activity. Examples of verbs are the following: swimming, hiking, biking, roller skating, or skydiving. All of these single and combination word examples are tied to an activity that any living thing can do. For example, a dog can bike ride with a human when the human is pedaling the bike. Verb use is not limited to humans or people only but applies to all living things.


FINANCE Underwriting (UW) services are provided by some large financial institutions, such as banks, insurance companies and investment houses, whereby they guarantee payment in case of damage or financial lo -> Underwriting (UW) services are provided by some large financial institutions, such as banks, insurance companies and investment houses, whereby they guarantee payment in case of damage or financial loss and accept the financial risk for liability arising from such guarantee. An underwriting arrangem...

Underwriting (UW) services are provided by some large financial institutions, such as banks, insurance companies and investment houses, whereby they guarantee payment in case of damage or financial loss and accept the financial risk for liability arising from such guarantee. An underwriting arrangement may be created in a number of situations including insurance, issues of security in a public offering, and bank lending, among others. The person or institution that agrees to sell a minimum number of securities of the company for commission is called the underwriter. The term "underwriting" derives from the Lloyd's of London insurance market. Financial backers (or risk takers), who would accept some of the risk on a given venture (historically a sea voyage with associated risks of shipwreck) in exchange for a premium, would literally write their names under the risk information that was written on a Lloyd's slip created for this purpose.


FINANCE This stands for life assurance premium relief. Before 14 March 1984 there was tax relief on life insurance premiums paid by policyholders for policies which qualified for tax relief. Policies which st -> This stands for life assurance premium relief. Before 14 March 1984 there was tax relief on life insurance premiums paid by policyholders for policies which qualified for tax relief. Policies which started...


FINANCE The most common injuries in rowing are inflammation of the knees, spine and forearms. Oher common injuries also include hand blisters and track bites. -> The most common injuries in rowing are inflammation of the knees, spine and forearms. Oher common injuries also include hand blisters and track bites.
Rowing is a low-impact sport with movement only in defined ranges, so that twist and sprain injuries are rare. However, the repetitive rowing action ...

The most common injuries in rowing are inflammation of the knees, spine and forearms. Oher common injuries also include hand blisters and track bites. Rowing is a low-impact sport with movement only in defined ranges, so that twist and sprain injuries are rare. However, the repetitive rowing action can put strain on knee joints, the spine and the tendons of the forearm, and inflammation of these are the most common rowing injuries. If one rows with poor technique, especially rowing with a curved rather than straight back, other injuries may surface, including back pains and wrist injuries. Blisters occur for almost all rowers, especially in the beginning of one's rowing career, as every stroke puts pressure on the hands, though rowing frequently tends to harden hands and generate protective calluses. Holding the oars too tightly or making adjustments to technique may cause recurring or new blisters, as it is common to feather the blade. Another common injury is getting "track bites", thin cuts on the back of one's calf or thigh caused by contact with the seat tracks at either end of the stroke.


FINANCE Investment banking pertains to certain activities of a financial services company or a corporate division that consist in advisory-based financial transactions on behalf of individuals, corporations,  -> Investment banking pertains to certain activities of a financial services company or a corporate division that consist in advisory-based financial transactions on behalf of individuals, corporations, and governments. Traditionally associated with corporate finance, such a bank might assist in raisin...

Investment banking pertains to certain activities of a financial services company or a corporate division that consist in advisory-based financial transactions on behalf of individuals, corporations, and governments. Traditionally associated with corporate finance, such a bank might assist in raising financial capital by underwriting or acting as the client's agent in the issuance of debt or equity securities. An investment bank may also assist companies involved in mergers and acquisitions (M&A) and provide ancillary services such as market making, trading of derivatives and equity securities, FICC services (fixed income instruments, currencies, and commodities) or research (macroeconomic, credit or equity research). Most investment banks maintain prime brokerage and asset management departments in conjunction with their investment research businesses. As an industry, it is broken up into the Bulge Bracket (upper tier), Middle Market (mid-level businesses), and boutique market (specialized businesses). Unlike commercial banks and retail banks, investment banks do not take deposits.


FINANCE - Investment banking for weird guys only
- Aerospace consulting
- Pasta and pasta accessory global logistics
- Political lobbying for the mining industry -> - Investment banking for weird guys only
- Aerospace consulting
- Pasta and pasta accessory global logistics
- Political lobbying for the mining industry
I started a new company named Greystone Inc. What do we do?...


FINANCE You can visit and take photos at San Francisco's landmarks such as Pier 39 or Golden Gate Bridge. If you enjoy walking outdoors, there are several large parks in the city. You can visit Golden Gate Pa -> You can visit and take photos at San Francisco's landmarks such as Pier 39 or Golden Gate Bridge. If you enjoy walking outdoors, there are several large parks in the city. You can visit Golden Gate Park and the various attractions and museums located in the park. The Presidio is also a popular park ...

You can visit and take photos at San Francisco's landmarks such as Pier 39 or Golden Gate Bridge. If you enjoy walking outdoors, there are several large parks in the city. You can visit Golden Gate Park and the various attractions and museums located in the park. The Presidio is also a popular park where you can get some of the best views of Golden Gate Bridge. What should I do on a free afternoon in San Francisco?


FINANCE From my limited experience, it's the bitcoin bros who are the most willing to pay Elon Musk 8 dollars a month for the useless verification blue check mark. What a double whammy! -> From my limited experience, it's the bitcoin bros who are the most willing to pay Elon Musk 8 dollars a month for the useless verification blue check mark. What a double whammy!
Which community of users on Twitter has the most 8-dollar-a-month verification?...


FINANCE There are many different ways to invest your money. You can leave it in a Saving account, high yield saving account, stock market, real estate, bonds, notes, Gold, Silver, Cryptocurrency and many othe -> There are many different ways to invest your money. You can leave it in a Saving account, high yield saving account, stock market, real estate, bonds, notes, Gold, Silver, Cryptocurrency and many other assets. Each of the asset classes comes with different levels of risk. A diverse portfolio has adv...

There are many different ways to invest your money. You can leave it in a Saving account, high yield saving account, stock market, real estate, bonds, notes, Gold, Silver, Cryptocurrency and many other assets. Each of the asset classes comes with different levels of risk. A diverse portfolio has advantageous to a non-diverse portfolio.


FINANCE Determine your short and long term financial goals.
Create a budget based on your total income, necessary, and discretionary expenses.
Pay down high interest debt first, such as credit card debt.
Pa -> Determine your short and long term financial goals.
Create a budget based on your total income, necessary, and discretionary expenses.
Pay down high interest debt first, such as credit card debt.
Pay off your credit cards in full each month.
Create an emergency fund that covers 3-6 months of expe...

Determine your short and long term financial goals. Create a budget based on your total income, necessary, and discretionary expenses. Pay down high interest debt first, such as credit card debt. Pay off your credit cards in full each month. Create an emergency fund that covers 3-6 months of expenses. Max out your 401K contributions every year. Use a high interest savings account instead of saving money with a traditional bank so you don't lose money due to inflation. Create a diversified investment account. Hire a financial planner to manage your assets. Turn a hobby into a second job and earn passive income. Reduce temptations to overspend by setting up an automatic transfer from your paycheck into a savings account.