| | """ |
| | =================== |
| | Anatomy of a figure |
| | =================== |
| | |
| | This figure shows the name of several matplotlib elements composing a figure |
| | """ |
| |
|
| |
|
| | import matplotlib.pyplot as plt |
| | import numpy as np |
| |
|
| | from matplotlib.patches import Circle |
| | from matplotlib.patheffects import withStroke |
| | from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator, MultipleLocator |
| |
|
| | royal_blue = [0, 20/256, 82/256] |
| |
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| | |
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|
| | np.random.seed(19680801) |
| |
|
| | X = np.linspace(0.5, 3.5, 100) |
| | Y1 = 3+np.cos(X) |
| | Y2 = 1+np.cos(1+X/0.75)/2 |
| | Y3 = np.random.uniform(Y1, Y2, len(X)) |
| |
|
| | fig = plt.figure(figsize=(7.5, 7.5)) |
| | ax = fig.add_axes([0.2, 0.17, 0.68, 0.7], aspect=1) |
| |
|
| | ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(1.000)) |
| | ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(4)) |
| | ax.yaxis.set_major_locator(MultipleLocator(1.000)) |
| | ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(AutoMinorLocator(4)) |
| | ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter("{x:.2f}") |
| |
|
| | ax.set_xlim(0, 4) |
| | ax.set_ylim(0, 4) |
| |
|
| | ax.tick_params(which='major', width=1.0, length=10, labelsize=14) |
| | ax.tick_params(which='minor', width=1.0, length=5, labelsize=10, |
| | labelcolor='0.25') |
| |
|
| | ax.grid(linestyle="--", linewidth=0.5, color='.25', zorder=-10) |
| |
|
| | ax.plot(X, Y1, c='C0', lw=2.5, label="Blue signal", zorder=10) |
| | ax.plot(X, Y2, c='C1', lw=2.5, label="Orange signal") |
| | ax.plot(X[::3], Y3[::3], linewidth=0, markersize=9, |
| | marker='s', markerfacecolor='none', markeredgecolor='C4', |
| | markeredgewidth=2.5) |
| |
|
| | ax.set_title("Anatomy of a figure", fontsize=20, verticalalignment='bottom') |
| | ax.set_xlabel("x Axis label", fontsize=14) |
| | ax.set_ylabel("y Axis label", fontsize=14) |
| | ax.legend(loc="upper right", fontsize=14) |
| |
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|
| | def annotate(x, y, text, code): |
| | |
| | c = Circle((x, y), radius=0.15, clip_on=False, zorder=10, linewidth=2.5, |
| | edgecolor=royal_blue + [0.6], facecolor='none', |
| | path_effects=[withStroke(linewidth=7, foreground='white')]) |
| | ax.add_artist(c) |
| |
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| | |
| | |
| | |
| | for path_effects in [[withStroke(linewidth=7, foreground='white')], []]: |
| | color = 'white' if path_effects else royal_blue |
| | ax.text(x, y-0.2, text, zorder=100, |
| | ha='center', va='top', weight='bold', color=color, |
| | style='italic', fontfamily='monospace', |
| | path_effects=path_effects) |
| |
|
| | color = 'white' if path_effects else 'black' |
| | ax.text(x, y-0.33, code, zorder=100, |
| | ha='center', va='top', weight='normal', color=color, |
| | fontfamily='monospace', fontsize='medium', |
| | path_effects=path_effects) |
| |
|
| |
|
| | annotate(3.5, -0.13, "Minor tick label", "ax.xaxis.set_minor_formatter") |
| | annotate(-0.03, 1.0, "Major tick", "ax.yaxis.set_major_locator") |
| | annotate(0.00, 3.75, "Minor tick", "ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator") |
| | annotate(-0.15, 3.00, "Major tick label", "ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter") |
| | annotate(1.68, -0.39, "xlabel", "ax.set_xlabel") |
| | annotate(-0.38, 1.67, "ylabel", "ax.set_ylabel") |
| | annotate(1.52, 4.15, "Title", "ax.set_title") |
| | annotate(1.75, 2.80, "Line", "ax.plot") |
| | annotate(2.25, 1.54, "Markers", "ax.scatter") |
| | annotate(3.00, 3.00, "Grid", "ax.grid") |
| | annotate(3.60, 3.58, "Legend", "ax.legend") |
| | annotate(2.5, 0.55, "Axes", "fig.subplots") |
| | annotate(4, 4.5, "Figure", "plt.figure") |
| | annotate(0.65, 0.01, "x Axis", "ax.xaxis") |
| | annotate(0, 0.36, "y Axis", "ax.yaxis") |
| | annotate(4.0, 0.7, "Spine", "ax.spines") |
| |
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| | |
| | fig.patch.set(linewidth=4, edgecolor='0.5') |
| | plt.show() |
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