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README.md
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license: cc-by-nc-sa-4.0
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language:
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- en
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path: metadata/chain/M.jsonl
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- split: L
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path: metadata/chain/L.jsonl
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---
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license: cc-by-nc-sa-4.0
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language:
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- en
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path: metadata/chain/M.jsonl
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- split: L
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path: metadata/chain/L.jsonl
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---
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# AudioSpan: Spanning the Duration and Depth of Audio Comprehension
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<p align="center">
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<a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/ARXIV_ID"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Paper-arXiv-b31b1b?style=flat-square&logo=arxiv&logoColor=white" alt="arXiv"></a>
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<a href="https://huggingface.co/datasets/holvan/AudioSpan"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Dataset-AudioSpan-ffd21e?style=flat-square&logo=huggingface&logoColor=000" alt="Hugging Face Dataset"></a>
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<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/License-CC%20BY--NC--SA%204.0-3da639?style=flat-square" alt="License: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0"></a>
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</p>
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## Introduction
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**AudioSpan** is a benchmark for **long-form audio comprehension**, spanning
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diverse durations and cognitive depths.
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<p align="center">
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<img src="figs/audio_span.png" alt="AudioSpan overview" width="100%">
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</p>
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Questions come from two complementary paths:
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- **Native QA**: questions drawn from the audio's natural content.
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- **Anchor QA**: questions built around acoustic anchors planted into the
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audio.
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Each path is scored in its own mode:
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- **Accuracy**: multiple choice questions on native audio, scored by exact
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match.
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- **Rubric**: open-ended questions on native audio, graded by rubric-based
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LLM judges against criteria.
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- **Chain**: multiple-choice question chains on anchor audio; an answer is
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credited only up to the first error in the chain.
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## Quick Start
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Download the release (~18 GB) and work from its root:
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```bash
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pip install -U huggingface_hub
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hf download holvan/AudioSpan --repo-type dataset --local-dir AudioSpan
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cd AudioSpan
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```
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### 1. Prepare Audio Data
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Native recordings and sound events ship as tar archives
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(`audio/audio_native.part*.tar`, `audio/audio_events.tar`; the native parts
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are concatenated automatically). From the release root (the directory with
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`prepare/` and `audio/`), verify them against `audio/CHECKSUMS.sha256` and
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unpack into `audio/`:
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```bash
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# accuracy / rubric: native recordings only
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python prepare/unpack_audio.py --buckets native
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# -> audio/native/*.flac
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# chain: also rebuild the anchor audio from the native recordings and the
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# exact edit recipes in metadata/media/anchor/anchor_manifest.jsonl
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# (needs only ffmpeg)
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python prepare/unpack_audio.py --buckets native,events
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python prepare/prepare_anchor.py
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# -> audio/anchor/*.flac
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```
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(`unpack_audio.py` resolves the release root from its own location; pass
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`--root` if you run it from elsewhere.)
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### 2. Prepare Inference Results
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The questions live in `metadata/{accuracy,rubric,chain}/{S,M,L}.jsonl`; each
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record carries the question, its `audio_path`, and (for multiple choice) the
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four options. Run your model over each record and write one answer per
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question — only `qa_id` and the model's output; ground truth stays in the
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metadata and is joined in by the scorer:
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**accuracy / chain** (multiple choice):
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```json
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{"qa_id": "S_EN_001_P", "answer": "D"}
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```
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**rubric** (open-ended):
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```json
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{"qa_id": "S_EN_001_P", "answer": "The narrator first says HDR at about 06:04 ..."}
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```
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- `answer` — the model's raw output; for multiple choice the scorer
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extracts the option letter (A/B/C/D) from it.
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- Questions missing from your file count as wrong (or score zero).
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### 3. Run Evaluation
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```bash
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# accuracy + chain: stdlib-only, no dependencies
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python evaluate/score.py --mode accuracy --input your_accuracy.jsonl
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python evaluate/score.py --mode chain --input your_chain.jsonl
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# rubric: needs an LLM judge (default: gpt-5.4-2026-03-05; API key from the
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# matching provider env var, e.g. OPENAI_API_KEY; or pass --api-base/--api-key)
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pip install openai tenacity
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export OPENAI_API_KEY="your-api-key-here"
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python evaluate/score_rubric.py --input your_rubric.jsonl
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```
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Both scorers join your answers against the ground truth in `metadata/` by
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`qa_id` — no reference answers needed in your submission.
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## License and Data Use
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AudioSpan is released for **non-commercial research and evaluation**. Our
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artifacts (QA items, rubric criteria, anchor manifests, sound events, and
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evaluation scripts) are under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0; copyright of the source
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recordings remains with their original creators. The recordings are
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included only for evaluation, and downloading the dataset constitutes
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agreement not to redistribute the audio or use it in commercial products.
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## Citation
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If you find AudioSpan useful for your research, please consider citing:
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```bibtex
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@article{huang2026audiospan,
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title = {AudioSpan: Spanning the Duration and Depth of Audio Comprehension},
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author = {Huang, Wen and Chu, Yunfei and Gao, Meng and He, Haolin and Xu, Jin},
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journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:ARXIV_ID},
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year = {2026}
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}
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```
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