ipho-lean / lean_problems /Y2024.lean
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/-
Copyright (c) 2026 Humanize/Codex. All rights reserved.
Released under Apache 2.0 license as described in the file LICENSE.
Authors: Humanize/Codex
-/
import Mathlib
/-!
Algebraic answer claims for the IPhO 2024 theory problems. The definitions
record the official closed-form or numerical answers from the HF JSONL source;
the named theorems expose one answer statement for each source row.
-/
namespace Ipho20212023Archon.Problems.Y2024
noncomputable section
def fourthRoot (x : ℝ) : ℝ := Real.sqrt (Real.sqrt x)
def closedInterval (lo hi x : ℝ) : Prop := lo ≀ x ∧ x ≀ hi
section Problem1
def solarConstant (sigma TS RS d : ℝ) : ℝ := sigma * TS ^ 4 * (RS / d) ^ 2
def solarConstantNumerical : ℝ := 1350
theorem IPhO_2024_1_A_1 (sigma TS RS d : ℝ) :
(solarConstant sigma TS RS d, solarConstantNumerical) =
(sigma * TS ^ 4 * (RS / d) ^ 2, 1350) := by
sorry
def radiativeEquilibriumTemperature (S0 sigma : ℝ) : ℝ :=
fourthRoot (S0 / (4 * sigma))
def radiativeEquilibriumTemperatureFromSun (RS d TS : ℝ) : ℝ :=
Real.sqrt (RS / (2 * d)) * TS
def radiativeEquilibriumTemperatureNumerical : ℝ := 278
theorem IPhO_2024_1_A_2 (S0 sigma RS d TS : ℝ) :
(radiativeEquilibriumTemperature S0 sigma,
radiativeEquilibriumTemperatureFromSun RS d TS,
radiativeEquilibriumTemperatureNumerical) =
(fourthRoot (S0 / (4 * sigma)), Real.sqrt (RS / (2 * d)) * TS, 278) := by
sorry
def planckPeakAuxiliary (x : ℝ) : ℝ := 5 * (1 - Real.exp (-x)) - x
theorem IPhO_2024_1_A_3 (x : ℝ) :
planckPeakAuxiliary x = 5 * (1 - Real.exp (-x)) - x := by
sorry
def wienPeakX : ℝ := 496 / 100
def wienConstantNmK : ℝ := 2890000
theorem IPhO_2024_1_A_4 :
closedInterval (496 / 100) (497 / 100) wienPeakX ∧
closedInterval (2890000 : ℝ) 2900000 wienConstantNmK := by
sorry
def sunPeakWavelengthNm : ℝ := 501
def earthPeakWavelengthNm : ℝ := 10400
theorem IPhO_2024_1_A_5 :
closedInterval (501 : ℝ) 502 sunPeakWavelengthNm ∧
earthPeakWavelengthNm = 10400 := by
sorry
def spectralFluxRatioByTemperature (d RS TE TS : ℝ) : ℝ :=
(d / RS) ^ 2 * (TE / TS) ^ 5
def spectralFluxRatioByWavelength (d RS lambdaS lambdaE : ℝ) : ℝ :=
(d / RS) ^ 2 * (lambdaS / lambdaE) ^ 5
def spectralFluxRatioNumerical : ℝ := 12 / 1000
theorem IPhO_2024_1_A_6 (d RS TE TS lambdaS lambdaE : ℝ) :
spectralFluxRatioByTemperature d RS TE TS =
(d / RS) ^ 2 * (TE / TS) ^ 5 ∧
spectralFluxRatioByWavelength d RS lambdaS lambdaE =
(d / RS) ^ 2 * (lambdaS / lambdaE) ^ 5 ∧
closedInterval (120 / 10000) (121 / 10000) spectralFluxRatioNumerical := by
sorry
def oneLayerSurfaceTemperature (rA S0 sigma : ℝ) : ℝ :=
fourthRoot (((1 - rA) * (S0 / 2)) / sigma)
def oneLayerAtmosphereTemperature (rA S0 sigma : ℝ) : ℝ :=
fourthRoot (((1 - rA) * (S0 / 4)) / sigma)
def oneLayerSurfaceTemperatureNumerical : ℝ := 307
def oneLayerAtmosphereTemperatureNumerical : ℝ := 258
theorem IPhO_2024_1_B_1 (rA S0 sigma : ℝ) :
(oneLayerSurfaceTemperature rA S0 sigma,
oneLayerAtmosphereTemperature rA S0 sigma,
oneLayerSurfaceTemperatureNumerical,
oneLayerAtmosphereTemperatureNumerical) =
(fourthRoot (((1 - rA) * (S0 / 2)) / sigma),
fourthRoot (((1 - rA) * (S0 / 4)) / sigma), 307, 258) := by
sorry
def effectiveAlbedo (rA rE : ℝ) : ℝ :=
rA + ((1 - rA) ^ 2 * rE) / (1 - rA * rE)
def effectiveAlbedoNumerical : ℝ := 313 / 1000
theorem IPhO_2024_1_B_2 (rA rE : ℝ) :
effectiveAlbedo rA rE =
rA + ((1 - rA) ^ 2 * rE) / (1 - rA * rE) ∧
effectiveAlbedoNumerical = 313 / 1000 := by
sorry
def greySurfaceTemperature (alpha epsilon S0 sigma : ℝ) : ℝ :=
fourthRoot (((1 - alpha) * S0) / (2 * sigma * (2 - epsilon)))
def greyEmissivityNumerical : ℝ := 81 / 100
theorem IPhO_2024_1_B_3 (alpha epsilon S0 sigma : ℝ) :
greySurfaceTemperature alpha epsilon S0 sigma =
fourthRoot (((1 - alpha) * S0) / (2 * sigma * (2 - epsilon))) ∧
closedInterval (807 / 1000) (811 / 1000) greyEmissivityNumerical := by
sorry
def greySurfaceTemperatureDerivative (alpha epsilon S0 sigma : ℝ) : ℝ :=
(1 / 4) * fourthRoot (((1 - alpha) * S0) / (2 * sigma * (2 - epsilon))) *
(1 / (2 - epsilon))
def onePercentGreyTemperatureIncrease : ℝ := 49 / 100
theorem IPhO_2024_1_B_4 (alpha epsilon S0 sigma : ℝ) :
greySurfaceTemperatureDerivative alpha epsilon S0 sigma =
(1 / 4) * fourthRoot (((1 - alpha) * S0) / (2 * sigma * (2 - epsilon))) *
(1 / (2 - epsilon)) ∧
closedInterval (487 / 1000) (492 / 1000) onePercentGreyTemperatureIncrease := by
sorry
def coupledEmissivity (TE TA sigma alpha S0 : ℝ) : ℝ :=
(sigma * TE ^ 4 - (1 - alpha) * (S0 / 4)) /
(sigma * (TE ^ 4 - TA ^ 4))
def conductiveCoefficient (TE TA sigma alpha S0 : ℝ) : ℝ :=
((2 * TA ^ 4 - TE ^ 4) * (sigma * TE ^ 4 - (1 - alpha) * (S0 / 4))) /
((TE ^ 4 - TA ^ 4) * (TE - TA))
def coupledEmissivityNumerical : ℝ := 85 / 100
def conductiveCoefficientNumerical : ℝ := 36 / 100
theorem IPhO_2024_1_B_5 (TE TA sigma alpha S0 : ℝ) :
coupledEmissivity TE TA sigma alpha S0 =
(sigma * TE ^ 4 - (1 - alpha) * (S0 / 4)) /
(sigma * (TE ^ 4 - TA ^ 4)) ∧
conductiveCoefficient TE TA sigma alpha S0 =
((2 * TA ^ 4 - TE ^ 4) * (sigma * TE ^ 4 - (1 - alpha) * (S0 / 4))) /
((TE ^ 4 - TA ^ 4) * (TE - TA)) ∧
closedInterval (847 / 1000) (852 / 1000) coupledEmissivityNumerical ∧
closedInterval (357 / 1000) (366 / 1000) conductiveCoefficientNumerical := by
sorry
def coupledSensitivityEquationOne (epsilon TE TA dTE dTA : ℝ) : Prop :=
epsilon * (1 / (TE - TA) + 4 * TE ^ 3 / (2 * TA ^ 4 - TE ^ 4)) * dTE =
1 + epsilon * (8 * TA ^ 3 / (2 * TA ^ 4 - TE ^ 4) + 1 / (TE - TA)) * dTA
def coupledSensitivityEquationTwo
(epsilon TE TA sigma alpha S0 dTE dTA : ℝ) : Prop :=
1 + epsilon *
(4 * TE ^ 3 / (TE ^ 4 - TA ^ 4) -
4 * sigma * TE ^ 3 / (sigma * TE ^ 4 - (1 - alpha) * (S0 / 4))) * dTE =
(4 * TA ^ 3 / (TE ^ 4 - TA ^ 4)) * epsilon * dTA
def coupledOnePercentTemperatureIncrease : ℝ := 525 / 1000
theorem IPhO_2024_1_B_6 (epsilon TE TA sigma alpha S0 dTE dTA : ℝ) :
(coupledSensitivityEquationOne epsilon TE TA dTE dTA ↔
epsilon * (1 / (TE - TA) + 4 * TE ^ 3 / (2 * TA ^ 4 - TE ^ 4)) * dTE =
1 + epsilon *
(8 * TA ^ 3 / (2 * TA ^ 4 - TE ^ 4) + 1 / (TE - TA)) * dTA) ∧
(coupledSensitivityEquationTwo epsilon TE TA sigma alpha S0 dTE dTA ↔
1 + epsilon *
(4 * TE ^ 3 / (TE ^ 4 - TA ^ 4) -
4 * sigma * TE ^ 3 / (sigma * TE ^ 4 - (1 - alpha) * (S0 / 4))) *
dTE =
(4 * TA ^ 3 / (TE ^ 4 - TA ^ 4)) * epsilon * dTA) ∧
closedInterval (521 / 1000) (528 / 1000) coupledOnePercentTemperatureIncrease := by
sorry
end Problem1
section Problem2
def ringElectricField (lambda eps0 R x y z : ℝ) : ℝ Γ— ℝ Γ— ℝ :=
(-(lambda * x) / (4 * eps0 * R ^ 2),
-(lambda * y) / (4 * eps0 * R ^ 2),
lambda * z / (2 * eps0 * R ^ 2))
def ringOscillationFrequency (Q lambda eps0 R m : ℝ) : ℝ :=
Real.sqrt (Q * lambda / (4 * eps0 * R ^ 2 * m))
theorem IPhO_2024_2_A_1 (lambda eps0 R x y z Q m : ℝ) :
(ringElectricField lambda eps0 R x y z,
ringOscillationFrequency Q lambda eps0 R m,
ringOscillationFrequency Q lambda eps0 R m) =
((-(lambda * x) / (4 * eps0 * R ^ 2),
-(lambda * y) / (4 * eps0 * R ^ 2),
lambda * z / (2 * eps0 * R ^ 2)),
Real.sqrt (Q * lambda / (4 * eps0 * R ^ 2 * m)),
Real.sqrt (Q * lambda / (4 * eps0 * R ^ 2 * m))) := by
sorry
def paulTrapK (Q lambda0 eps0 R m : ℝ) : ℝ :=
Real.sqrt (Q * lambda0 / (2 * eps0 * R ^ 2 * m))
def paulTrapA (Q u eps0 R m Omega : ℝ) : ℝ :=
Q * u / (2 * eps0 * R ^ 2 * m * Omega ^ 2)
theorem IPhO_2024_2_A_2 (Q lambda0 eps0 R m u Omega : ℝ) :
(paulTrapK Q lambda0 eps0 R m, paulTrapA Q u eps0 R m Omega) =
(Real.sqrt (Q * lambda0 / (2 * eps0 * R ^ 2 * m)),
Q * u / (2 * eps0 * R ^ 2 * m * Omega ^ 2)) := by
sorry
def rapidCoordinateAcceleration (p a Omega t : ℝ) : ℝ :=
p * a * Omega ^ 2 * Real.cos (Omega * t)
def rapidCoordinateSolution (p a Omega t : ℝ) : ℝ :=
-p * a * Real.cos (Omega * t)
theorem IPhO_2024_2_A_3 (p a Omega t : ℝ) :
(rapidCoordinateAcceleration p a Omega t, rapidCoordinateSolution p a Omega t) =
(p * a * Omega ^ 2 * Real.cos (Omega * t), -p * a * Real.cos (Omega * t)) := by
sorry
def slowCoordinateAcceleration (k a Omega p : ℝ) : ℝ :=
(k ^ 2 - a ^ 2 * Omega ^ 2 / 2) * p
def paulTrapStable (Omega k a : ℝ) : Prop := Omega > Real.sqrt 2 * k / a
theorem IPhO_2024_2_A_4 (k a Omega p : ℝ) :
slowCoordinateAcceleration k a Omega p =
(k ^ 2 - a ^ 2 * Omega ^ 2 / 2) * p ∧
(paulTrapStable Omega k a ↔ Omega > Real.sqrt 2 * k / a) := by
sorry
def paulTrapKNumerical : ℝ := 200000
def paulTrapOmegaMinNumerical : ℝ := 7000000
theorem IPhO_2024_2_A_5 :
(paulTrapKNumerical, paulTrapOmegaMinNumerical) = (200000, 7000000) := by
sorry
def naturalLinewidth (tau : ℝ) : ℝ := 1 / tau
theorem IPhO_2024_2_B_1 (tau : ℝ) :
naturalLinewidth tau = 1 / tau := by
sorry
def photonCollisionRatePlus (sL alpha omegaL v c : ℝ) : ℝ :=
sL + alpha * omegaL * (v / c)
def photonCollisionRateMinus (sL alpha omegaL v c : ℝ) : ℝ :=
sL - alpha * omegaL * (v / c)
def momentumAbsorptionPlus (sPlus hbar kPlus : ℝ) : ℝ := sPlus * (-hbar * kPlus)
def momentumAbsorptionMinus (sMinus hbar kMinus : ℝ) : ℝ := sMinus * (hbar * kMinus)
def opticalMolassesForce (alpha hbar kL v : ℝ) : ℝ := -(2 * alpha * hbar * kL ^ 2) * v
theorem IPhO_2024_2_B_2 (sL alpha omegaL v c sPlus sMinus hbar kPlus kMinus kL : ℝ) :
(photonCollisionRatePlus sL alpha omegaL v c,
photonCollisionRateMinus sL alpha omegaL v c,
momentumAbsorptionPlus sPlus hbar kPlus,
momentumAbsorptionMinus sMinus hbar kMinus,
opticalMolassesForce alpha hbar kL v) =
(sL + alpha * omegaL * (v / c),
sL - alpha * omegaL * (v / c),
sPlus * (-hbar * kPlus),
sMinus * (hbar * kMinus),
-(2 * alpha * hbar * kL ^ 2) * v) := by
sorry
def recoilHeatingPower (hbar kL m tau : ℝ) : ℝ := hbar ^ 2 * kL ^ 2 / (m * tau)
theorem IPhO_2024_2_B_3 (hbar kL m tau : ℝ) :
recoilHeatingPower hbar kL m tau = hbar ^ 2 * kL ^ 2 / (m * tau) := by
sorry
def opticalCoolingPower (alpha hbar kL v : ℝ) : ℝ := -2 * alpha * hbar * kL ^ 2 * v ^ 2
def equilibriumMeanSquareVelocity (hbar Gamma alpha m : ℝ) : ℝ :=
hbar * Gamma / (2 * alpha * m)
def dopplerTemperature (hbar Gamma alpha kB : ℝ) : ℝ :=
hbar * Gamma / (2 * alpha * kB)
theorem IPhO_2024_2_B_4 (alpha hbar kL v Gamma m kB : ℝ) :
(opticalCoolingPower alpha hbar kL v,
equilibriumMeanSquareVelocity hbar Gamma alpha m,
dopplerTemperature hbar Gamma alpha kB) =
(-2 * alpha * hbar * kL ^ 2 * v ^ 2,
hbar * Gamma / (2 * alpha * m),
hbar * Gamma / (2 * alpha * kB)) := by
sorry
def dopplerTemperatureNumerical : ℝ := 2 / 10000
theorem IPhO_2024_2_B_5 :
dopplerTemperatureNumerical = 2 / 10000 := by
sorry
end Problem2
section Problem3
def binaryEffectivePotential (M1 M2 G a x y : ℝ) : ℝ :=
-G * M1 / Real.sqrt ((x + M2 / (M1 + M2) * a) ^ 2 + y ^ 2) -
G * M2 / Real.sqrt ((x - M1 / (M1 + M2) * a) ^ 2 + y ^ 2) -
(1 / 2) * (G * (M1 + M2) / a ^ 3) * (x ^ 2 + y ^ 2)
theorem IPhO_2024_3_A_1 (M1 M2 G a x y : ℝ) :
binaryEffectivePotential M1 M2 G a x y =
-G * M1 / Real.sqrt ((x + M2 / (M1 + M2) * a) ^ 2 + y ^ 2) -
G * M2 / Real.sqrt ((x - M1 / (M1 + M2) * a) ^ 2 + y ^ 2) -
(1 / 2) * (G * (M1 + M2) / a ^ 3) * (x ^ 2 + y ^ 2) := by
sorry
def rocheOverflowRatio : ℝ := 36 / 100
theorem IPhO_2024_3_A_3 :
rocheOverflowRatio = 36 / 100 := by
sorry
def binarySeparationRate (beta a M1 M2 : ℝ) : ℝ :=
-2 * beta * a * (1 / M1 - 1 / M2)
def binaryPeriodRate (beta a G M M1 M2 : ℝ) : ℝ :=
-6 * Real.pi * Real.sqrt (a ^ 3 / (G * M)) * beta * (1 / M1 - 1 / M2)
theorem IPhO_2024_3_A_4 (beta a G M M1 M2 : ℝ) :
(binarySeparationRate beta a M1 M2, binaryPeriodRate beta a G M M1 M2) =
(-2 * beta * a * (1 / M1 - 1 / M2),
-6 * Real.pi * Real.sqrt (a ^ 3 / (G * M)) * beta * (1 / M1 - 1 / M2)) := by
sorry
def accretionDiscTemperature (G M1 beta sigma r : ℝ) : ℝ :=
fourthRoot (G * M1 * beta / (8 * Real.pi * sigma * r ^ 3))
theorem IPhO_2024_3_A_5 (G M1 beta sigma r : ℝ) :
accretionDiscTemperature G M1 beta sigma r =
fourthRoot (G * M1 * beta / (8 * Real.pi * sigma * r ^ 3)) := by
sorry
def accretionDiscTemperatureNumerical : ℝ := 9000
theorem IPhO_2024_3_A_6 :
accretionDiscTemperatureNumerical = 9000 := by
sorry
def maximumPostExplosionVelocity (G M1p M2 a : ℝ) : ℝ :=
Real.sqrt (2 * G * (M1p + M2) / a)
def minimumPostExplosionMass (M1 M2 : ℝ) : ℝ := (M1 - M2) / 2
theorem IPhO_2024_3_A_7 (G M1p M2 a M1 : ℝ) :
(maximumPostExplosionVelocity G M1p M2 a, minimumPostExplosionMass M1 M2) =
(Real.sqrt (2 * G * (M1p + M2) / a), (M1 - M2) / 2) := by
sorry
def centralGravity (G rhoC r : ℝ) : ℝ := -(4 * Real.pi * G * rhoC * r) / 3
theorem IPhO_2024_3_B_1 (G rhoC r : ℝ) :
centralGravity G rhoC r = -(4 * Real.pi * G * rhoC * r) / 3 := by
sorry
def stellarH1 (rho r gamma : ℝ) : ℝ := r ^ 2 * Real.rpow rho (gamma - 2)
def stellarH2 (G K gamma r : ℝ) : ℝ := 4 * Real.pi * G * r ^ 2 / (K * gamma)
theorem IPhO_2024_3_B_2 (rho r gamma G K : ℝ) :
(stellarH1 rho r gamma, stellarH2 G K gamma r) =
(r ^ 2 * Real.rpow rho (gamma - 2), 4 * Real.pi * G * r ^ 2 / (K * gamma)) := by
sorry
def stellarLengthScale (G pc rhoC : ℝ) : ℝ := Real.sqrt pc / (Real.sqrt G * rhoC)
theorem IPhO_2024_3_B_3 (G pc rhoC : ℝ) :
stellarLengthScale G pc rhoC = Real.sqrt pc / (Real.sqrt G * rhoC) := by
sorry
def dimensionlessA1 (u x gamma : ℝ) : ℝ := x ^ 2 * Real.rpow u (gamma - 2)
def dimensionlessA2 (x gamma : ℝ) : ℝ := 4 * Real.pi * x ^ 2 / gamma
theorem IPhO_2024_3_B_4 (u x gamma : ℝ) :
(dimensionlessA1 u x gamma, dimensionlessA2 x gamma) =
(x ^ 2 * Real.rpow u (gamma - 2), 4 * Real.pi * x ^ 2 / gamma) := by
sorry
def gammaTwoProfileF (x : ℝ) : ℝ :=
Real.sin (Real.sqrt (2 * Real.pi) * x) / Real.sqrt (2 * Real.pi)
theorem IPhO_2024_3_B_5 (x : ℝ) :
gammaTwoProfileF x =
Real.sin (Real.sqrt (2 * Real.pi) * x) / Real.sqrt (2 * Real.pi) := by
sorry
def stellarGammaNumerical : ℝ := 167 / 100
theorem IPhO_2024_3_B_6 :
closedInterval (164 / 100) (170 / 100) stellarGammaNumerical := by
sorry
def perturbedDensity (rho epsilon : ℝ) : ℝ := rho * (1 - 3 * epsilon)
def perturbedGravity (g epsilon : ℝ) : ℝ := g * (1 - 2 * epsilon)
theorem IPhO_2024_3_B_7 (rho g epsilon : ℝ) :
(perturbedDensity rho epsilon, perturbedGravity g epsilon) =
(rho * (1 - 3 * epsilon), g * (1 - 2 * epsilon)) := by
sorry
def shellAcceleration (gTilde K gamma rhoTilde densityGradient : ℝ) : ℝ :=
gTilde - K * gamma * Real.rpow rhoTilde (gamma - 2) * densityGradient
theorem IPhO_2024_3_B_8 (gTilde K gamma rhoTilde densityGradient : ℝ) :
shellAcceleration gTilde K gamma rhoTilde densityGradient =
gTilde - K * gamma * Real.rpow rhoTilde (gamma - 2) * densityGradient := by
sorry
def radialPerturbationAcceleration (G rhoC gamma epsilon : ℝ) : ℝ :=
-(4 * Real.pi * G * rhoC / 3) * (3 * gamma - 4) * epsilon
def stableGammaMinimum : ℝ := 4 / 3
def stellarOscillationFrequency (G rhoC gamma : ℝ) : ℝ :=
Real.sqrt ((4 * Real.pi * G * rhoC / 3) * (3 * gamma - 4))
theorem IPhO_2024_3_B_9 (G rhoC gamma epsilon : ℝ) :
(radialPerturbationAcceleration G rhoC gamma epsilon,
stableGammaMinimum,
stellarOscillationFrequency G rhoC gamma) =
(-(4 * Real.pi * G * rhoC / 3) * (3 * gamma - 4) * epsilon,
4 / 3,
Real.sqrt ((4 * Real.pi * G * rhoC / 3) * (3 * gamma - 4))) := by
sorry
end Problem3
end
end Ipho20212023Archon.Problems.Y2024