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license: apache-2.0
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``
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---
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license: apache-2.0
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task_categories:
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- question-answering
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- text-generation
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language:
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- en
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- zh
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tags:
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- economics_and_finance
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- healthcare_and_medicine
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- industry
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- law
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- natural_science
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pretty_name: $OneMillion-Bench
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size_categories:
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- n<1K
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---
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# $OneMillion-Bench
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A bilingual (Global/Chinese) realistic expert-level benchmark for evaluating language agents across **5 professional domains**. The benchmark contains **400 entries** with detailed, weighted rubric-based grading criteria designed for fine-grained evaluation of domain expertise, analytical reasoning, and instruction following.
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## Dataset Structure
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Each subdirectory is a **Hugging Face subset** (configuration), and all data is in the **`test`** split.
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```
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$OneMillion-Bench/
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├── economics_and_finance/
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│ └── test.json # 80 entries (40 EN + 40 CN, distinct questions)
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├── healthcare_and_medicine/
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│ └── test.json # 80 entries (40 matched EN-CN pairs)
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├── industry/
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│ └── test.json # 80 entries (40 matched EN-CN pairs)
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├── law/
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│ └── test.json # 80 entries (40 EN + 40 CN, distinct questions)
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├── natural_science/
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│ └── test.json # 80 entries (40 matched EN-CN pairs)
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└── README.md
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```
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| Subset | Split | Entries |
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|---|---|---|
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| `economics_and_finance` | `test` | 80 |
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| `healthcare_and_medicine` | `test` | 80 |
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| `industry` | `test` | 80 |
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| `law` | `test` | 80 |
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| `natural_science` | `test` | 80 |
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## Domains & Coverage
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| Domain | Categories | Example Subcategories | Bilingual Mode |
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|---|---|---|---|
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| **Economics & Finance** | Investing, FinTech, Banking, Insurance, M&A | Equities, VC/PE, Cryptocurrency, Commodities | Separate questions per language |
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| **Healthcare & Medicine** | Clinical Medicine, Basic Medicine, Pharma & Biotech | Hepatobiliary Surgery, Oncology, Nephrology, Dentistry | Matched translation pairs |
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| **Industry** | Telecommunications, ML, Architecture, Semiconductors | Backend Dev, Chemical Engineering, Chip Design | Matched translation pairs |
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| **Law** | Civil, Criminal, International, Corporate, IP, Labor | Contract Disputes, Criminal Defense, Copyright, M&A | Separate questions per language |
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| **Natural Science** | Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Mathematics | Organic Chemistry, Condensed Matter, Molecular Biology | Matched translation pairs |
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## Entry Schema
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Each entry is a JSON object with 7 fields:
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```jsonc
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{
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"id": "uuid-string", // globally unique identifier
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"case_id": 1, // links bilingual pairs (in matched-pair domains)
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"language": "en", // "en" or "cn" (50/50 split in every file)
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"system_prompt": "", // reserved (empty across all entries)
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"question": "...", // expert-level evaluation prompt
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"tags": {
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"topics": [ // 3-level taxonomy
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"Domain", // e.g. "Economics and Finance"
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"Category", // e.g. "Investing"
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"Subcategory" // e.g. "Equities"
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],
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"time_sensitivity": {
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"time_sensitivity": "Time-agnostic", // or "Weakly/Strongly time-sensitive"
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"year_month": "NA", // "YYYY-MM" when time-sensitive
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"day": "NA" // "DD" when applicable
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}
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},
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"rubrics": [ // weighted grading criteria (11-37 per entry)
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{
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"rubric_number": 1,
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"rubric_detail": "...", // specific grading criterion
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"rubric_weight": 5, // positive = reward, negative = penalty
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"rubric_label": "..." // category (see below)
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}
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]
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}
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```
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### Rubric Labels
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| Label | Role | Typical Weight |
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|---|---|---|
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| Factual Information | Tests factual accuracy | +3 to +5 |
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| Analytical Reasoning | Assesses depth of analysis | +3 to +5 |
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| Structure and Formatting | Evaluates output organization | -2 to -4 (penalty) |
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| Instructions Following | Checks compliance with task constraints | mixed |
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## Quick Start
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```python
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import json
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# Load a subset (test split)
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with open("natural_science/test.json") as f:
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data = json.load(f)
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# Filter English entries
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en_entries = [e for e in data if e["language"] == "en"]
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# Iterate with rubrics
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for entry in en_entries[:1]:
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print(f"Topic: {' > '.join(entry['tags']['topics'])}")
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print(f"Question: {entry['question'][:200]}...")
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print(f"Rubrics ({len(entry['rubrics'])}):")
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for r in entry["rubrics"][:3]:
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print(f" [{r['rubric_weight']:+d}] {r['rubric_label']}: {r['rubric_detail'][:80]}...")
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```
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Example output:
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```
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Topic: Natural Sciences > Chemistry > Organic Chemistry
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Question: You are an expert in organic chemistry. A graduate student is researching ...
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Rubrics (18):
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[+5] Factual Information: Correctly identifies the primary reaction mechanism ...
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[+4] Analytical Reasoning: Provides a coherent comparison of thermodynamic vs ...
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[-3] Structure and Formatting: Response lacks clear section headings or logica...
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```
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## Evaluation
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Score a model response by summing the weights of satisfied rubrics:
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```python
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def score(response: str, rubrics: list, judge_fn) -> dict:
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"""
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judge_fn(response, rubric_detail) -> bool
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"""
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total, earned = 0, 0
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for r in rubrics:
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met = judge_fn(response, r["rubric_detail"])
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if met:
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earned += r["rubric_weight"]
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if r["rubric_weight"] > 0:
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total += r["rubric_weight"]
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return {"score": earned, "max_possible": total, "pct": earned / total if total else 0}
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```
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## License
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Apache 2.0
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