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Do you know what's difficult? Going to a networking event and having to explain what you're passionate about. Especially when your passion is along the lines of societal change. If you're passionate about the racial controversies plaguing our day to day, you're accused of being racist, supporting a racial divide (that some people are too stupid enough to see already exists), and your words become quickly twisted into statements of prejudice and hatred. Or if you share my passion, mental health awareness and radical self-love, you're automatically a kook.
Nope, I wasn't a kook. I was a fad.
A blank stare is all I could give her. I wanted to reply, "Yes, just like those, you ignorant turd," but it's 2016, and I have a business to run, and Aunty Oprah would never answer that way. But she did bring up a point I've been trying to ignore for the past year.
In the year 2015, community websites, and bandwagon bloggers, and money hungry "coaches", decided to turn self-care and self-love into a fad for the sake of viewership and "do-it-for-the-internet" care.
Yes. I said it. And though it has increased awareness, and encouraged more conversations around the forgotten art of putting oneself first, people still don't want to dive deeper into the root cause: Mental Illness. Nobody wants to touch that word. It stains. It causes controversy. It's a rough spot. But it's exactly where we need to go. Like yesterday.
In 2015, bandwagon bloggers, & "coaches", turned self-care and self-love into a fad.
And a blank stare is all she could give me. Clearly our conversation was over. Just as quickly as this self-care and self-love fad will be. Because these churned out quick lists of "Self-Care" won't tell you that more than 800,000 people commit suicide every year and that twice as many attempt it. They won't explain to you that depression and anxiety are the most common mental illnesses, and only a third of the 40 plus million people that have been diagnosed get treated. They also won't explain to you that most cases are formed in the adolescent years, and sometimes could have been prevented. And they certainly won't touch upon that there is a large number of little girls who have determined by the tender age of 9 that they are not pretty. I'm choosing to go beneath the surface of these tabooed issues because, there are twice as many women being diagnosed than men, and lord knows how many that are silently suffering due to a lack of mental health education and due to embarrassment and shame.
What Certified 10 is doing, and what many other organizations are doing are tackling the problems beneath the easy checklists. We're coming for the stigma. Don't lump us into a category of businesses and people who don't believe in the words and actions they're putting forth, and are barely scraping the surface. Mental Health Awareness, building a young woman's unbreakable belief system, reprogramming the way a society thinks? That is not a fad.
This is about opening the world to a conversation that is desperately needed. It's about raising awareness and getting our family members and friends the help they need, whether it be therapy, medication, or simply a listening ear. It's about those silently suffering because of their fear of the word "crazy" and what that label does to one's career, love-life… life in general. It's about creating a community where "me too" is proudly announced, and "I feel alone" is diminished. It's about less judging and more understanding, and realizing that there are many us that stand in the midst of you who have at some point not wanted to live another day. It's about options. Options outside of taking ones life and options outside of ignoring the problem.
It is more than just some short-lived craze. Much more.
So please, for the love of God, do not confuse my fire, my passion, and my purpose for an only here for the moment fad. Please and thank you.
10 day writing challenge. Word of the day: IGNITE.
I loved the passion behind this!!
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Rachel Dolezal identifies as a black woman, even though she was born a white woman to evangelicals. If Caitlyn Jenner can be considered a woman, why can't Rachel Dolezal be black?
Rachel Dolezal, may have been born a white woman but by the time she was heading a local chapter of the NAACP in Washington state she identified as a black woman. She tells her story in her memoir In Full Color about finding belonging in the black community; and if Caitlyn Jenner can be a woman, the argument can certainly be made that Rachel can be black.
After all the accomplished artist and dedicated civil rights activist before setting off a media firestorm in 2015 had married a black man, beared his children, specialized in doing black hair, but most of all actually had studied the culture and made life choices aligned with support for the black community, which she showcases in her artwork.
Ryan Glover: One of the points you make in the book is that just because a family adopts black children doesn't mean they aren't racist as in the case of your own parents. Why do you think that many white people such as your parents portray a righteous image but seem oblivious to their own overt racism?
Rachel Dolezal: I can't really defend that. I don't know. It kind of boggles the mind right? Why would you say you have God on your side and your being abusive. Even following serial killers, it's a lot of really evil people in the world that thought they were doing God's work. Even the Klan or the Aryan Nation their white supremacy beliefs is that man was was made perfect in the Garden of Eden. A lot of white supremacist foundations were connected with Christianity.
Ryan Glover: You point out early on noticing the issues of colorism with the way your parents treated your adopted brother. Did you ever consider the idea that you would receive more favorable treatment by identifying as black?
Rachel Dolezal: Colorism does play out within the black community for sure. I would say I got the experience of a light skinned black woman or a mixed biracial "redbone" and I talk about all the things I was seen as in Mississippi. I didn't date my whole time in college and part of the reason was knowing it was so much emotion surrounding that colorism world within the circle of women.
Ryan Glover: I was struck by the harassment you detail in the book from white supremacists due to your civil rights work. Do you feel it was a white-supremacist agenda in the way the media has typically portrayed you?
Rachel Dolezal: Definitely. The story broke from that Idaho newspaper, the same area that is a stronghold of white supremacy!!
Ryan Glover: What does being a black woman mean to you?
Rachel Dolezal: Being black in my definition is being human because we all come from a black woman!! The human race started with a black woman and if society would own and honor that, we could start the view that we are one human race!!
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Gloucestershire Arts & Crafts Centre 47 Westgate Street, Gloucester GL1 2NW
Contact us 01452 307161 info@glosartscrafts.co.uk
A Message from our Founder Helen Lomberg about what makes us rather unique:
"I set up the Gloucestershire Arts and Crafts Centre in April 2010 as a Not-For-Profit Company, with the help and encouragement of many local Artists and Creatives.
I wanted to find a way of offering customers the choice of buying beautiful local handmade work when they were out doing their shopping, instead of only the mass produced imported items offered in most High Street shops.. To do so at an affordable price - without the huge mark ups charged by galleries, making the work out of reach for most pockets, was the challenge. Also, how do we pass on such techniques and skills, to share the joy and resilience of creativity? I wanted to find a way to do that too. The idea was to share all the jobs needed to run such a shop, between us, so that the normal overheads were kept at a minimum. We run in as collaborative a way as possible, making a unique atmosphere, where customers can meet makers, and feel encouraged to explore their own creativity."
The Gloucestershire Arts and Crafts Centre opened in April 2010, located in the Lock Warehouse in the Gloucester Docks. In September 2011 plans began to change the Warehouse into flats and so we moved to College Street, a beautiful location beside the Cathedral. After 3 years trading in this beautiful location, our lease ran out and we looked around for the location for the third home for our Centre, and discovered the gorgeous premises in College Court, just around the corner. Then in November 2019 we moved to 47 Westgate Street.
Our shop is entirely run by, and filled with the work of Gloucestershire artists and makers. We pride ourselves on our 'localness'! You can visit the shop and the person inside will be one of the makers who may even be working on a piece at the time, so you can ask lots of questions and find out how a craft is done. We have workshops run by the artists so you can have a go at making something yourself.
So what now? How are we taking the project forward after successfully trading in Gloucester for over Ten Tears? How do we make ourselves even more resilient to shocks such as Covid 19? After trading for 10 Years in Gloucester, we calculated that we had spent over £150,000 in rent to various city landlords. During that time, we had endured heating systems which did not work, tenancies that were abruptly ended, damp walls and persistent leaks. We also couldn't afford to trade in the city's busiest Streets..
What if there was another way? We have been investigating buying our own premises. We are currently in the process of buying 47 Westgate Street between us, so we can fix the rent at an sustainable level. We want to keep the building in good repair for the pleasure of it's users and our customers and visitors to our Beloved Historic City. We aim to fit Solar Panels and restore natural lighting and our trademark 'flower bed', to trade in as Environmentally sensitive way as we can. We welcome your continued interest and custom in the months and years ahead."
Now for the first time we are selling some of our artists work on-line from this website.
Designed by Mithra Designs
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Nenita Weather
, Northern Samar, PH
Time in Nenita is Thu 28th Jan 11:35 am |
Nenita Current weather report
Weather today in Nenita, Philippines is going to be Heavy rain with a maximum temperature of 26°c and minimum temperature of 24°c. Expected precipitation falling is 21.30 mm.
17 km/h NE
Weather tomorrow in Nenita, Philippines is going to be Moderate rain with a maximum temperature of 24°c and minimum temperature of 24°c. Expected precipitation falling is 17.30 mm.
23 km/h NNE
Weather in Nenita, Philippines
Today's weather is turning out to be heavy rain. The visibility is going to be around 8 km i.e. 4 miles and an atmospheric pressure of 1011 mb . The daytime temperature is going to reach 26 °c and the temperature is going to dip to 24 °c at night. We expect around 21.3 mm of precipitation to fall and cloud covering 69% of the sky, the humidity will be around 89%.
Tomorrow weather is forecasted to be moderate rain. The visibility is going to be around 9 km i.e. 5 miles and an atmospheric pressure of 1012 mb. The daytime temperature is going to reach 24 °c and the temperature is going to dip to 24 °c at night. We expect around 17.3 mm of precipitation to fall and cloud covering 90% of the sky, the humidity will be around 88%.
On Saturday weather will be moderate rain with daytime temperature reaching 26 °c. Night time temperature are expected to be 19 °c.We expect around 18.2 mm of precipitation to fall. The visibility is going to be around 9 km i.e. 5 miles and an atmospheric pressure of 1013 mb. We expect around 18.2 mm of precipitation to fall and cloud covering 74% of the sky, the humidity will be around 85%.
Book flights and hotels for Nenita
Please also visit Nenita Historical Weather, Weather widget and Weather Charts pages. Historical or past weather forecast page provides historical weather forecast from 1st July, 2008 till now in 3 hourly interval. Text weather page will allow you to get a weather text summary for next 14 days and weather chart page displays weather pattern like temperature, wind speed, gust, pressure, etc. in graphical mode for next 14 days. We hope you like it.
Looking to buy past/historical weather for Nenita, please visit Historical Weather Data section.
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Q: Value of User field changed after copying to another list cross Site Collections The value of owner field of a document is beeing changed when I copy a document from a library to another library which belongs to another site collection than the original library. I copy the document by opening libraries in Explorer view and copy paste the document. the value of owner field which is a custom site column is changed from domain\user1 to domain\members group.
A: This is because User field value uses IDs that are Site Collection specific. There is a hidden list at the root of each site collection where one row per user is created the first time the user is introduced in that Site Collection (e.g., user adds some content). List is located at /_catalogs/users/simple.aspx. List contains ID for each item (as with every list in SharePoint), which is a running integer from 1. SharePoint uses that ID when binding users to items within that Site Collection.
Apparently when a user with that ID isn't found in the destination Site Collection, SharePoint changes the person field in the copied item to something that exists for sure.
See this answer for few ways you can force sync the hidden User Information lists across site collections before you copy any items.
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We do not automatically cover winter sports in our policies, as that would drive up our prices, and we aim to keep our premiums as affordable as possible. We offer the option of adding winter sports insurance, at competitive rates, which will include cover for your ski equipment and pre-booked ski passes, and unlimited medical cover. There are limits and exclusions, so please check the product disclosure statement and search for key words (ctrl+F).
We provide competitive travel insurance for those travelling to Europe, and you can choose from a One-Trip, Multi-Trip, Backpackers or Cruise policy; we cover all sorts of travellers up to the age of 100, with all medical conditions considered.
1. Do you cover us if the slopes don't open?
Our Silver If all the lift systems are closed at your pre-booked resort for more than 12 hours while you are there, as a result of snow or high winds, then yes, you are covered.
3. Do you cover snow boarding?
With winter sports cover, you are covered for medical expenses related to snowboarding, but we don't cover permanent disablement or personal liability for this activity.
5. Do you cover my equipment if gets damaged?
With winter sports cover, items such as ski, poles, ski boots and bindings, ski helmets, snowboards and bindings are covered up to up to $600 per item/set, up to $1250 in total. We don't cover equipment that's damaged while in use.
7. Does having the winter sports cover, cover me for anything that can go wrong on my trip related to winter sports?
2. If I don't pay the additional premium am I covered for medical expenses?
You will need to add the winter sports cover option to be covered for medical expenses you may incur as a result of participating in winter sports activities.
4. Do you cover off-piste skiing?
Yes, off-piste skiing is covered provided you are with a professional snow sports instructor who has a backcountry and mountain safety qualification (mandatory for level 4 instructors).
6. Does your insurance cover damage to a rental car?
Our Silver and Gold policies cover your rental car excess up to $4000. However, you need to make sure that the rental car is insured (confirmed by the rental company), as we do not pay for full damages to a rental car, only your excess. Please note, motorbikes are excluded.
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January 28, 1929 – Two hundred passengers are shaken up, and forty-two are injured as a Rock Island commuter train crashes through the bumper at the La Salle Street station, the second serious train accident of the week. Four days earlier a passenger died and 39 others were injured when two Chicago and Northwestern passenger trains collided near Lake Street. In the Rock Island crash the vice-president of the railroad blames the cause of the accident on the engineer's failure to have his train, made up of seven steel coaches, under control as it entered the station. The engineer, J. Boyd, maintains that fog and steam inside the train shed clouded his view and that the wheels of the train slipped on the tracks as he applied the brakes.
January 28, 1901 -- WARNING . . . This one is not for the faint of heart, but it does demonstrate that in the days before O.S.H.A. danger was constantly lurking and peril was always at hand. It happened that Dr. B. L. Reise was administering vaccinations to women at the Young Woman's Christian Association Building on Michigan Avenue. Miss Stella Thomas of Burlington, Iowa, seeing that she would have to wait for some time because of the length of the line, headed for her room. There is speculation that the sight of the injections was disquieting to her, and as the elevator approached the fifth floor, Miss Thomas fainted and fell to the floor of the car in such a way that her head extended through the grate of the elevator's door and was caught between the bottom of the elevator car and the lower portion of the fifth floor. Miss Thomas, who had come to Chicago just three weeks earlier to enter the Sherwood Musical College in the Fine Arts Building, died within minutes. The second building from the middle left (next to the mansion on the corner) in the 1901 photo above is the YWCA building where the accident occurred.
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Today we're highlighting Syringa Hospital & Clinics in Grangeville, Idaho. Syringa Hospital & Clinics recruited a family medicine physician assistant through 3RNet! Congrats!
Tell us a bit about Syringa Hospital & Clinics.
Syringa Hospital & Clinics is comprised of an acute care, 15-bed Critical Assess Hospital (CAH) with an attached Rural Hospital Clinic (RHC) specializing in Family Medicine located in beautiful North Central Idaho. In addition to the Grangeville clinic there is also a clinic in Kooskia, Idaho. The facility employs approximately 160 Full and Part Time Employees who are "dedicated to providing the quality healthcare our patients deserve".
Our scope of services includes 24-hour ER services and ambulance, Inpatient and Outpatient Med/Surg, Physical Therapy, Swingbed Care, Obstetrics with two LDR rooms, Lab, Radiology, and Hospice care. Our radiology services include Ultrasound, CT and mobile MRI and Mammography. A surgeon travels from Lewiston to Syringa twice a month to perform minor surgeries including laparoscopic procedures.
What makes your community a great place to live and work?
Located at the edge of the Bitterroot Mountains to the south and the Camas Prairie to the north, Grangeville is located in beautiful Idaho County which has a population of 16,000 residents. The community of Grangeville and outskirts has approximately 3,800 residents and with an elevation of 3,500 feet, features warm summer days, mild winters and four seasons of outdoor recreation. Five major rivers cut through this diverse landscape offering a variety of seasonal recreation including world class fishing, hunting and superb whitewater rafting. Two national forests are right in your backyard with bird and game hunting, hiking, 4-wheeling, mountain biking and camping opportunities just minutes from town.
We opened our family medicine clinic in the spring of 2006 with one provider. With the resources of organizations like 3RNet we were able to build that provider base to where we are today with four full time physicians and three midlevel providers. 3RNet allows us to post positions for providers and get the same national exposure as other sites without the cost. Regardless of whether a provider is recruited directly from the site, Syringa benefits from the high profile and national outreach of the site.
Finding qualified candidates to fill all the needed positions in a rural setting is always difficult but Syringa has managed to recruit a robust medical staff as well as support personnel by offering a family centered work environment. Balancing the needs of the organization with the needs of a small community is also difficult. Our providers live and work right beside their family and neighbors making it challenging to "get away from work". They also have to provide night and weekend on call for the ER while working full time in the clinic. Offering flexible work opportunities, generous time off benefits, CME opportunities and other perks help with avoiding clinician burnout. Overstaffing with providers is another way to avoid burnout and turnover so that more providers are sharing the burden. The facility has to be willing to make that sacrifice as physicians are so highly compensated and not all small facilities can afford to do that.
The best advice I can offer a facility when recruiting is to be completely upfront about what a rural practice really looks like. Many providers think they want to "do it all" but then realize that to keep a healthy personal and work balance they really can't do it all without being willing to let others share the load. This may mean they give up some compensation incentives, but in the long run they will be better providers and stay in the community longer. That is the end goal for all facilities – hire the best fit and keep them in the community to build that rapport and trust with patients.
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Старый Ярычев () — село в Новоярычевской поселковой общине Львовского района Львовской области Украины.
Население по переписи 2001 года составляло 1746 человек. Занимает площадь 2,1 км². Почтовый индекс — 80463. Телефонный код — 3254.
Ссылки
Старый Ярычев на сайте Верховной рады Украины
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Todd and his wife Michelle moved to Tauranga in 1999 and have 2 children, Aleisha and Josh. Todd worked in hospital medicine for over 4 years, with a particular interest in paediatrics, emergency medicine and cardiology, then moved into general practice at Fifth Avenue in 2003. He undertook vocational training in General Practice in 2004 and has been a partner at Fifth Avenue since 2005. Todd enjoys all aspects of general practice and family medicine and has a particular interest in paediatrics (children's health) and skin cancer medicine and surgery. Skin cancer management has become a special interest of Todd's' and through 2013 and 2014 he has undertaken post graduate diplomas in both skin cancer medicine and in dermoscopy (skin cancer diagnosis) through the Skin Cancer College of Australasia allowing him to undertake more advanced types of skin cancer surgery including skin flaps and grafts. Todd also offers a range of procedures including "No Scalpel Vasectomy", ingrown toe nails and joint and carpal tunnel injections. Dr Todd Hulbert has completed a Diploma of Dermoscopy (skin cancer detection) and a Diploma of Skin Cancer Medicine and Surgery, and is available for patients registered at Fifth Avenue Family Practice for skin cancer detection and management.
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You can bet, when those vacationing at Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, heard Florence was on the way, they got out of the way.
Some of those who call Myrtle Beach home didn't have that option. Or, at least, decided they didn't.
As The Guardian reports, 23% of them have income below the poverty level. They got it that they aren't able or perhaps willing to pay for a motel, perhaps for days and days. They feel they have no choice but to ride out the monster act of god. Their vehicles are parked on the street, not a garage. So, they are hoping for the best for that too.
Others who didn't follow the vacationers out believe their home is where they should be. In a sense it's a voodoo mindset. If they are inside, the evils of the outside won't dare enter.
The maternal part of my family, immigrants from Poland, thought that way. Their lives were ruled by old world hocus-pocus.
The adults and we pre-school children hunkered down in a flimsy bungalow during a brutal hurricane at the end of the 1940s. Mostly everyone else had fled Staten Island, New York.
The matriarch - my grandmother - lit candles and chanted. And that was that.
Maybe she had cast a spell which kept the ocean from engulfing us. But the odds were that we could have been swallowed by the sea. Somehow I understood that. Later I never stepped into the ocean or enjoyed a ride on a friend's boat.
More importantly, I was left with a curiosity about how human beings regard danger. By time I was 11 I regarded my family's assessment of it as constituting negligence.
For years I argued with my younger sister Anne that we should have gone to child protective services to become safe. She only smirked. Yeah, she would reply, and be put in a foster home and be molested.
How many children will emerge from the days of Florence recognizing that those legally responsible for protecting them didn't know how or couldn't give a damn? They could be among the families staying put in Myrtle Beach. Florence could produce a non-war generation of PTSD.
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Musical – forma teatralna, łącząca muzykę, piosenki, dialogi i taniec. Ładunek emocjonalny dzieła – humor, patos, miłość, gniew – podobnie jak sama opowieść, jest wyrażany poprzez słowa, muzykę, ruch i aspekty techniczne przedstawienia, tworząc jedną, spójną całość. Od początków XX wieku produkcje teatru muzycznego są nazywane po prostu "musicalami". Wcześniejszą podobną do musicalu formą widowiska była extravaganza.
Musicale są wykonywane na całym świecie. Mogą być wystawiane na wielkich scenach, jak wysokobudżetowe produkcje teatrów na West Endzie w Londynie czy Broadwayu w Nowym Jorku lub w mniejszych teatrach awangardowych, na Off-Broadwayu lub jako produkcje lokalne, wyjazdowe, w amatorskich grupach szkolnych, teatrach i innych przestrzeniach wykonawczych. Oprócz Wielkiej Brytanii i Ameryki Północnej istnieją inne dobrze działające sceny musicalowe w wielu krajach Europy, Ameryki Łacińskiej, Australii i Azji.
Definicja
Współczesny musical jest formą eklektyczną i wielotworzywową. Korzysta z różnych gatunków muzycznych (od hard rocka przez jazz, calypso, rap aż do muzyki poważnej) i różnych rodzajów tańca (od baletu klasycznego po taniec współczesny i stepowanie). W produkcjach musicalowych na porządku dziennym jest użycie efektownych i monumentalnych dekoracji, technik multimedialnych i pełnego nagłośnienia akustycznego. W musicalach występują różnorodne typy orkiestr – od niewielkich combo (np. Grease, Chicago, Rent), aż po duże orkiestry musicalowe (np. Miss Saigon, Taniec wampirów, Upiór w operze).
Musicale mają różny czas trwania. Wahają się od krótkich, jednoaktowych przedstawień, do wielu aktów i kilku godzin trwania (lub nawet przedstawień wielospektaklowych); jednakże większość musicali trwa od półtorej do 3 godzin. Musicale są zazwyczaj przedstawiane w dwóch aktach z jednym, 10-20-minutowym antraktem. Pierwszy akt jest najczęściej dłuższy od drugiego, wprowadza wszystkie główne postaci i większość warstwy muzycznej, często kończy się wstępem do konfliktu dramatycznego czy komplikacji fabuły. Drugi akt może wprowadzać kilka piosenek, jednak zazwyczaj tylko przywołuje ważne tematy muzyczne i rozwiązuje konflikty dramatyczne. Musical fabularny (ang. book musical) jest na ogół konstruowany na podstawie 4 do 6 głównych tematów muzycznych, które powracają w późniejszych etapach spektaklu, choć czasem może zawierać zbiór piosenek niezwiązanych ze sobą muzycznie w sposób bezpośredni. Dialogi mówione generalnie występują pomiędzy utworami muzycznymi, choć może mieć zastosowanie "dialog śpiewany", bądź recytatyw, zwłaszcza w musicalach śpiewanych w całości, jak Jesus Christ Superstar, Les Misérables i Evita. W ostatnich dekadach na Broadwayu i West Endzie wystawiono kilka krótszych musicali jednoaktowych.
Fabuła musicalu może być pomysłem własnym jednoaktowych autora lub adaptacją powieści (Wicked i Man of La Mancha), sztuki teatralnej (Hello, Dolly!), klasycznej legendy (Camelot), wydarzenia historycznego (Evita), czy też filmu (The Producers i Hairspray). Z drugiej strony wiele spośród popularnych teatralnych produkcji musicalowych zostało zaadaptowanych na film muzyczny, jak na przykład The Sound of Music, West Side Story, My Fair Lady, czy Chicago.
Musical fabularny
Musical XX wieku – musical fabularny (ang. book musical) definiuje się jako spektakl muzyczny, w którym piosenki i taniec są w pełni zintegrowane, tworząc dobrze napisaną historię z poważną dramaturgią, który jest zdolny do wywołania nie tylko śmiechu, ale i innych prawdziwych emocji.
Trzy główne składniki musicalu fabularnego to muzyka, teksty piosenek i scenariusz (ang. book). Pojęcie scenariusz odnosi się w musicalu do historii, rozwoju postaci, struktury dramatycznej wraz z dialogami mówionymi. Scenariusz może się jednak odnosić do dialogów i tekstów piosenek jednocześnie, używa się wówczas (na wzór opery) określenia libretto (wł. "mała książka"). Muzyka i teksty piosenek tworzą partyturę musicalu. Interpretacja musicalu przez kierownictwo artystyczne poszczególnych produkcji silnie wpływa na sposób jego prezentowania. W jego skład wchodzą: reżyser, kierownik muzyczny/dyrektor artystyczny, zwykle choreograf, a czasem także i orkiestrator. Musical kształtowany jest także przez techniczne jego aspekty, jak scenografia, kostiumy, rekwizyty, oświetlenie sceniczne i dźwięk, które zwykle ulegają zmianom w kolejnych produkcjach. Niektóre słynne elementy produkcji mogą jednak zostać zachowane z oryginału, jak na przykład choreografia Boba Fosse'a w musicalu Chicago.
W musicalu fabularnym najbardziej dramatyczne momenty wyraża się poprzez śpiew. Funkcjonuje zasada: "gdy emocje stają się zbyt silne, by je wypowiedzieć, zaśpiewaj; kiedy są zbyt silne, by je wyśpiewać, zatańcz." W musicalu fabularnym piosenka jest skrojona dla danej postaci i jej pozycji dramaturgicznej; były jednakże okresy w historii musicalu (np. od 1890 do 1920 roku), kiedy integracja opowieści z muzyką była osłabiona. Krytyk New York Times, Ben Brantley określił ideał piosenki musicalowej recenzując wznowienie musicalu Gypsy z 2008 roku: "Piosenki są idealnie scalone z postaciami, zdarza się to w tych rzadkich momentach, kiedy musicalom udaje się sięgnąć celów, dla których w ogóle istnieją". Zwykle znacznie mniej słów wyśpiewuje się w trakcie 5-minutowej piosenki, niż pada ich w 5-minutowym dialogu. Jako że musical generalnie poświęca więcej czasu muzyce, niż dialogom, jest mniej czasu na rozwój dramatu w musicalu, niż w zwykłej sztuce o podobnym czasie trwania. Pisarze są więc zmuszeni dokonać trudnej sztuki rozwoju postaci i fabuły wewnątrz skompresowanej natury musicalu.
Opera – różnice i podobieństwa
Musical jest powiązany z inną formą teatralną, operą. Obie formy zwykle odróżnia się na podstawie kilku czynników. W musicalu kładzie się większy nacisk na dialogi mówione (choć niektóre z musicali są w całości akompaniowane, bądź śpiewane); z drugiej strony, niektóre opery, jak np. "Czarodziejski flet" i większość operetek zawiera dialogi bez akompaniamentu; na taniec (wykonywany zarówno przez wiodących wykonawców, jak i chór); na użycie różnych gatunków muzyki popularnej (lub chociażby popularnych stylów śpiewania); unikanie użycia typowych konwencji operowych.
Musical jest prawie zawsze wykonywany w języku ojczystym jego odbiorców. Musicale wyprodukowane w Londynie i Nowym Jorku, są zawsze śpiewane po angielsku, nawet jeśli oryginalnie zapisano je w innym języku ("Les Misérables", stworzony w oryginale po francusku światową karierę zrobił w wersji anglojęzycznej). Podobnie sytuacja wygląda w polskiej praktyce musicalowej, gdzie wszystkie musicale wystawiane na scenach polskich tłumaczy się na język polski.
Podczas gdy śpiewak operowy jest przede wszystkim śpiewakiem, i dopiero w drugiej kolejności aktorem (i rzadko kiedy musi tańczyć), wykonawca musicalowy jest często przede wszystkim aktorem, a dopiero później śpiewakiem i tancerzem. Osobę, która doskonale opanowała te 3 umiejętności nazywa się w krajach anglojęzycznych "triple threat". Kompozytorzy muzyki musicalowej ustalając wokalne uwarunkowania ról zwykle biorą pod uwagę wykonawców. Współcześnie teatry wystawiające musicale stosują skale głosu aktorów w sposób, który w kontekście opery byłby dezaprobowany, czy nawet niedopuszczalny.
Aspekt ekonomiczny
Produkcja musicalu, w szczególności na Broadwayu i West Endzie to złożone przedsięwzięcie finansowe. Przypomina strukturę przedsiębiorstwa, które zakładane jest w celu wyprodukowania musicalu, zatrudniającego wiele dziesiątek pracowników. Przystępując do produkcji w USA producent zobowiązany jest zawrzeć umowy z organizacjami zrzeszającymi dramatopisarzy, aktorów, reżyserów, choreografów, dekoratorów, oświetlaczy, dźwiękowców i garderobianych. Właściciel sceny, na której wystawiany będzie spektakl musi podpisać umowy ze związkami pracowników technicznych sceny (IATSE), kasjerów, woźnych i sprzątaczy, operatorów ciężkiego sprzętu, odźwiernych i bileterów.
Producent najczęściej jest jedynie organizatorem – fundusze pozyskuje od inwestorów, a w razie odniesienia przez spektakl sukcesu ma swój udział w zyskach. Przedstawienia na Broadwayu są finansowane zwykle więcej niż przez jednego inwestora, na zasadach spółki z o.o. (limited partnership). W przeszłości, gdy koszty produkcji spektaklu muzycznego były znacznie niższe, w teatr inwestowali przeciętni obywatele – na zasadach lokaty czasem przynoszącej zysk, a zawsze dającej dreszcz emocji. W drugiej połowie lat 70. wystawienie musicalu kosztowało przeciętnie między 750 a 1 mln dolarów, na początku lat 80. koło 1,5 mln dolarów aż do ustanowienia rekordu przez musical Cats (5 mln dolarów).
Rzadko zdarza się, aby produkcja została sfinansowana w całości przez jednego inwestora. My Fair Lady został w całości sfinansowany przez stację CBS (400 tys. dolarów); w Annie (kosztującym 800 tys. dolarów) wniosła 100-tysięczny wkład wytwórnia filmowa Columbia.
Historia
Musical jest jedyną rdzennie amerykańską formą teatralną, która dzięki Stanom Zjednoczonym stała się popularna na całym świecie. U źródeł musicalu leżą przede wszystkim gatunki takie jak: wodewil, rewia, burleska i minstrel show. W latach 20. XX wieku teatr amerykański zyskuje swoją odrębną tożsamość (kształtuje się dramat amerykański). Po tym, jak w 1924 pojawił się pierwszy utwór George'a Gershwina "Lady Be Good", w 1943 powstał pierwszy musical fabularny (badacze określają go jako pierwszy prawdziwy musical) Oklahoma! Rodgersa i Hammersteina.
Musical filmowy
Musical filmowy to odmiana filmu muzycznego, w której "muzyka, piosenka i taniec stanowią dominantę dramaturgiczną dzieła".
Zobacz też
Broadway
West End
Ten cały musical
Przypisy
Linki zewnętrzne
The Cyber Encyclopedia of Musical Theatre, TV and Film
musical.pl – O musicalach – po polsku – najstarsza istniejąca polska witryna o musicalach
Moje-Musicale.pl
Muzyka
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As Patient Numbers Surge, Hospitals Are Missing Staff To Help Them
Published August 21, 2021 at 6:39 AM MDT
Number of U.S. hospitals are running short of human resources, staff, just as patient loads surged this summer because of the delta variant of the coronavirus.
MELISSA WISE: We had four nurses who had to call in because they were ill themselves. And so while four doesn't sound like a big number, when you take four out of nine people who are supposed to be there to provide care, it has a tremendous impact.
SIMON: Melissa Wise is the nursing director of ICU and medicine at Our Lady of the Angels Hospital in Bogalusa, La. She usually manages 80 or so other nurses, but with some out sick and larger hospitals too overwhelmed to accept transfers, Melissa Wise pitched in to record vitals, give meds, check and keep charts on the rising number of patients.
WISE: We're not going to turn a patient away, but I think that if you ask any health care provider in this area, they will tell you that we are struggling to provide the quality of care that our patients in the United States typically receive.
WISE: A lot of days, it's just a matter of we can't see past today 'cause you're so overwhelmed with what the patients need in order to get to the best outcome that you can that sometimes you can only move minute to minute.
WISE: I will say that God has sustained us through this, and he does continue to give strength and energy that you're not quite sure you can muster. But one of the main things that I'm doing right now when I'm not at the bedside is actually constantly rounding on the units to support our staff.
WISE: You can look in their faces and see the defeat and the weariness that they're experiencing right now. What I have tried to do this entire year and a half that I feel like has been so critical is to make sure that their care and their family care is very important. And so when they've had events, be it a vacation or, you know, a couple of days off, whatever normalcy that they could bring to their life, we have done everything humanly possible to make sure they weren't scheduled for those shifts. And so I really think while we're all at some level of burnout, I believe the fact that we have been very attentive to making sure that they've had some time off has allowed them to endure this a little longer.
SIMON: And among those Melissa Wise has had to worry about is her 21-year-old daughter, a new nurse who's working at the hospital, and, in a twist of fate, her husband.
WISE: I had actually worked probably a 13- or 14-hour shift and got home around 9 o'clock one evening. And my husband and I went to bed at 10, and he made the comment that his foot and leg were going numb, and then it moved to his left arm and then to the left side of his face. So I immediately knew what that meant. And so we got into the car and came to the hospital, and it was determined that he did have a stroke. That diagnosis is an absolute automatic admission.
And at that point, of course, almost every patient in our ER and probably 90% of the patients in our inpatient beds are COVID-positive, and my husband was not. And so we were going to have to stay in the ER because there were no beds available in the hospital. So the physician and I had quite an extensive conversation, and we made the decision to just take him home, and I would stay home the following day to do all of the things that we would normally do in the hospital. And he has continued over the two weeks to recover. The outcome could've been much worse 'cause strokes do not always end well, as you know.
WISE: I do have a T-shirt on, and I'll tell you what it says. Our work is love made visible. And I see this over and over and over in our medical team that everything we're doing, love is shining through our actions. When we do have a bad moment or a bad day, we have to lift each other up in order to best get through this period.
SIMON: Melissa Wise - she's nursing director of ICU and medicine at Our Lady of the Angels Hospital in Bogalusa, La.
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This entry was posted on Wednesday, February 13th, 2019 at 4:09 am and is filed under Uncategorized. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
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Approximately 10% of patients following a variety of surgeries develop chronic postsurgical pain. Reducing chronic postoperative pain is especially important to reconstructive surgeons because common operations such as breast and limb reconstruction have even higher risk for developing chronic postsurgical pain. Animal studies of posttraumatic nerve injury pain demonstrate that there is a critical time frame before and immediately after nerve injury in which specific interventions can reduce the incidence and intensity of chronic neuropathic pain behaviors-so called "preventative analgesia.o" In animal models, perineural local anesthetic, systemic intravenous local anesthetic, perineural clonidine, systemic gabapentin, systemic tricyclic antidepressants, and minocycline have each been shown to reduce pain behaviors days to weeks after treatment. The translation of this work to humans also suggests that brief perioperative interventions may protect patients from developing new chronic postsurgical pain. Recent clinical trial data show that there is an opportunity during the perioperative period to dramatically reduce the incidence and severity of chronic postsurgical pain. The surgeon, working with the anesthesiologist, has the ability to modify both early and chronic postoperative pain by implementing an evidence-based preventative analgesia plan. Copyright © 2013 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
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The Tiger Tail residence in Palm Springs, California was purchased by a development group that wanted to take this home from the 70's and modernize it for today's market. Utilizing conventional methods would require that everything, but the frame would need to be demolished, but with the SEMCO X-Bond Seamless Stone, SEMCO was able to provide a modern finish directly over the existing surfaces. Reducing the construction duration and cost for renovation.
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#ifndef ZENUATICS_MTX_H
#define ZENUATICS_MTX_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C"
{
#endif
typedef int BOOL;
#ifndef FALSE
#define FALSE (0)
#endif
#ifndef TRUE
#define TRUE (1)
#endif
/// \brief A complex data struct.
typedef struct
{
double re; //!< The real part.
double im; //!< The imaginary part.
} stComplex;
/// \brief The deep level matrix struct. The matrix is either real or complex.
typedef struct
{
unsigned nrows; //!< The number of rows in the matrix.
unsigned ncols; //!< The number of columns in the matrix.
BOOL isReal; //!< This indicates if is the matrix real or complex.
double **data; //!< This is a pointer to an array of double column vectors.
stComplex **cplx; //!< Thsi is a pointer to an array of complex column vectors.
char *comment; //!< This is a comment string (if applicable).
} MTX;
/// \brief This function must be called first by users of cmatrix!
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Initialize_MTXEngine();
/// \brief This function is used to set if matrices that are single
/// elements (1x1) are treated as scalars for math operations
/// or whether the regular matrix rules apply. THIS IS ENABLED
/// BY DEFAULT.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Enable1x1MatricesForTreatmentAsScalars(BOOL enable);
/// \brief Is this a null matrix?
///
/// \return TRUE if the matrix is null, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_isNull(const MTX *M);
/// \brief Are matrices A & B conformal for multiplication, real * real
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_isConformalForMultiplication(const MTX *A, const MTX *B);
/// \brief Are matrices A & B conformat for addition/subtraction, real + real
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_isConformalForAddition(const MTX *A, const MTX *B);
/// \brief Is this a square matrix?
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_isSquare(const MTX *A);
/// \brief are A and B the same size?
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_isSameSize(const MTX *A, const MTX *B);
/// \brief Initialize a MTX matrix struct to appropriate zero values. This must always be called for proper operation!
/// \code
/// MTX matrix;
/// MTX_Init( &matrix );
/// \endcode
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Init(MTX *M);
/// \brief Set the matrix comment string
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SetComment(MTX *M, const char *comment);
/// \brief Clear the matrix data from memory if dynamically allocated. Zero the struct members.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Free(MTX *M);
/// \brief Allocate matrix data (set to zero).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Calloc(MTX *M, const unsigned nrows, const unsigned ncols, const BOOL isReal);
/// \brief Allocate matrix data (not set to zero).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Malloc(MTX *M, const unsigned nrows, const unsigned ncols, const BOOL isReal);
/// \brief Set a scalar value in the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SetValue(MTX *M, const unsigned row, const unsigned col, const double value);
/// \brief Set a complex value in the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SetComplexValue(MTX *M, const unsigned row, const unsigned col, const double re, const double im);
/// \brief Matrix M = Re + Im*i, where Re and Im are real matrices.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Complex(MTX *M, const MTX *Re, const MTX *Im);
/// \brief Set the specified column in Matrix M to Re + Im*i, where Re and Im are real matrices.
/// The dimensions of M must already be valid.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SetComplexColumn(MTX *M, const unsigned col, const MTX *Re, const MTX *Im);
/// \brief Convert a real matrix to a complex matrix
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ConvertRealToComplex(MTX *M);
/// \brief Convert a complex marix to a real matrix using only the imaginary component A = real(B).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ConvertComplexToReal(MTX *M);
/// \brief Convert a complex marix to a real matrix using only the imaginary component A = imag(B).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ConvertComplexToImag(MTX *M);
/// \brief Extract the real component of matrix M.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Real(const MTX *M, MTX *Re);
/// \brief Check if the matrix contains only real values.
/// Alter the matrix if it is stored as complex and only has real values.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_isReal(MTX *M, BOOL *isReal);
/// \brief Extract the real component of column col of matrix M.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RealColumn(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, MTX *Re);
/// \brief Extract the imaginary component of matrix M.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Imag(const MTX *M, MTX *Im);
/// \brief Extract the imaginary component of column col of matrix M.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ImagColumn(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, MTX *Im);
/// \brief If M is a real matrix, Magnitude is a copy.
/// If M is a complex matrix, Magnitude is a real matrix = sqrt( re*re + im*im ).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Magnitude(const MTX *M, MTX *Magnitude);
/// \brief If M is a real matrix, Phase is a zero matrix.
/// If M is a complex matrix, Phase is a real matrix = atan2(im,re).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Phase(const MTX *M, MTX *Phase);
/// \brief If M is a real matrix, nothing is done.
/// If M is a complex matrix, the conjugate is set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Conjugate(MTX *M);
/// \brief Remove a single column from the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RemoveColumn(MTX *M, const unsigned col);
/// \brief remove all the columns 'after' the column index given.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RemoveColumnsAfterIndex(MTX *dst, const unsigned col);
/// \brief insert a column into another matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_InsertColumn(MTX *dst, const MTX *src, const unsigned dst_col, const unsigned src_col);
/// \brief Add a column to the Matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_AddColumn(MTX *dst, const MTX *src, const unsigned src_col);
/// \brief Combine two matrices with the same nrows, A becomes A|B,
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Concatonate(MTX *dst, const MTX *src);
/// \brief A becomes A|0|0|0|.. etc
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_AddZeroValuedColumns(MTX *dst, const unsigned nr_new_cols);
/// \brief Redimension the matrix, original data is saved in place, new data is set to zero.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Redim(MTX *dst, const unsigned nrows, const unsigned ncols);
/// \brief Resize the matrix, original data is lost, new data is set to zero, must specify if the matrix is real or complex.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Resize(MTX *dst, const unsigned nrows, const unsigned ncols, const BOOL isReal);
/// \brief Copy the src data to dst matrix, resize dst if possible & necessary.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Copy(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Copy the src matrix data [m cols x n rows] to dst vector [1 col x m*n rows], resize dst if possible & necessary.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_CopyIntoColumnWiseVector(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Set the dst matrix from the static 'c' style matrix indexed by mat[i*ncols + j].
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SetFromStaticMatrix(MTX *dst, const double mat[], const unsigned nrows, const unsigned ncols);
/// \brief Copy the src data in column col to dst matrix, resize dst if possible & necessary.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_CopyColumn(const MTX *src, const unsigned col, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Copy the src data in row, row, to dst matrix, resize dst if possible & necessary.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_CopyRow(const MTX *src, const unsigned row, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Copy the src data in row 'row' (1xn) to dst matrix (nx1), resize dst if possible & necessary.
/// dst becomes (nx1).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_CopyRowIntoAColumnMatrix(const MTX *src, const unsigned row, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Insert a submatrix (src) into dst, starting at indices dst(row,col).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_InsertSubMatrix(MTX *dst, const MTX *src, const unsigned dst_row, const unsigned dst_col);
/**
\brief Extract a submatrix (dst) from this matrix from (inclusive)
the rows and columns specified.
\code
MTX A;
MTX B;
BOOL result;
MTX_Init( &A );
MTX_Init( &B );
result = MTX_SetFromMatrixString( &A, "[1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9]" );
result = MTX_ExtractSubMatrix( &A, &B, 1, 0, 2, 2 );
// B == [4 5 6; 7 8 9]
\endcode
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_ExtractSubMatrix(
const MTX* src, //!< The source matrix.
MTX* dst, //!< The destination matrix to contain the submatrix.
const unsigned from_row, //!< The zero-based index for the from row.
const unsigned from_col, //!< The zero-based index for the from column.
const unsigned to_row, //!< The zero-based index for the to row.
const unsigned to_col //!< The zero-based index for the to column.
);
/// \brief Zero the entire matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Zero(MTX *dst);
/// \brief Zero all elements in a specified column.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ZeroColumn(MTX *dst, const unsigned col);
/// \brief Zero all elements in a specified row.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ZeroRow(MTX *dst, const unsigned row);
/// \brief Fill the matrix with the given value.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Fill(MTX *dst, const double value);
/// \brief Fill the matrix with the given complex value.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FillComplex(MTX *dst, const double re, const double im);
/// \brief Fill the matrix column with the given value.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FillColumn(MTX *dst, const unsigned col, const double value);
/// \brief Fill the matrix column with the given complex value.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FillColumnComplex(MTX *dst, const unsigned col, const double re, const double im);
/// \brief Fill the matrix row with the given value.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FillRow(MTX *dst, const unsigned row, const double value);
/// \brief Fill the matrix row with the given complex value.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FillRowComplex(MTX *dst, const unsigned row, const double re, const double im);
/// \brief Reverse the order of elements of a column.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FlipColumn(MTX *M, const unsigned col);
/// \brief Reverse the order of elements of a row.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FlipRow(MTX *M, const unsigned row);
/// \brief Set the matrix to an identity.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Identity(MTX *dst);
/// \brief Force this square matrix to be symmetric
/// by M = (M + T.())/2 using minimal operations.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ForceSymmetric(MTX *M);
/// \brief Transpose the matrix src into the matris dst.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Transpose(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Transpose the matrix as an inplace operation.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_TransposeInplace(MTX *M);
/// \brief Round the matrix elements to the specified precision.\n
/// e.g. precision = 0 1.8 -> 2\n
/// e.g. precision = 1, 1.45 -> 1.5\n
/// e.g. precision = 2 1.456 -> 1.46\n
/// e.g. precision = 3, 1.4566 -> 1.457\n
/// precision has a maximum of 32. After which no rounding occurs.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Round(MTX *M, const unsigned precision);
/// \brief Round the matrix elements to the nearest integers towards minus infinity.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Floor(MTX *M);
/// \brief Round the matrix elements to the nearest integers towards infinity.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Ceil(MTX *M);
/// \brief Round the matrix elements to the nearest integers towards zero.
/// Sometimes known as trunc().
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Fix(MTX *M);
/// \brief Set the destination matrix to be 1.0 minus the source matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_OneMinus(const MTX* src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Determine the matrix file delimiter and if a comment line is available.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_DetermineFileDelimiter(
const char *path, //!< path to the input file
char *delimiter, //!< delimiter, 'b' is binary
BOOL *hasComment, //!< BOOL to indicate if a comment line is present
char **comment //!< pointer to a string to store the comment line, *comment memory must be freed later.
);
/// \brief Determine the size of a file.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_DetermineFileSize(const char *path, unsigned *size);
/// \brief Determine the number of columns in the data string provided.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_DetermineNumberOfColumnsInDataString(const char *datastr, unsigned *ncols);
/// \brief Determine the number of columns in the complex data string provided.
/// The delimiter is needed, 'w' indicates whitespace.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_DetermineNumberOfColumnsInDataStringCplx(const char *datastr, const char delimiter, unsigned *ncols);
/// \brief Read a real-only matrix from a file (ASCII formatted, any common delimiters).
/// This function will also read in MTX BINARY formatted files.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ReadFromFileRealOnly(MTX *M, const char *path);
/// \brief Read either a real or complex matrix from a file (ASCII formatted, any common delimiters).
/// This function will also read in MTX BINARY formatted files.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ReadFromFile(MTX *M, const char *path);
/// \brief Set the matrix from a matrix string.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SetFromMatrixString(MTX *M, const char *strMatrix);
/// \brief Convert a value to a string with the specified width and precision.
/// analogous to sprintf( ValueBuffer, "%'blank''-'width.precision'g'", value );
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ValueToString(
const double value, //!< The double value to output.
const unsigned width, //!< The width of the field.
const unsigned precision, //!< The precision, %g style.
const BOOL isReal, //!< The the value the real part or the imaginary part.
const BOOL alignLeft, //!< Align the output left (for real data only).
char *ValueBuffer, //!< The output buffer.
const unsigned ValueBufferSize //!< The size of the output buffer.
);
/// \brief Print the matrix to a file with specifed width and precision.
/// MTX_PrintAutoWidth is recommended over this function, "%'blank''-'width.precision'g'".
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Print(const MTX *M, const char *path, const unsigned width, const unsigned precision, const BOOL append);
/// \brief Print the matrix to a buffer of maxlength with specifed width and precision.
/// MTX_PrintAutoWidth is recommended over this function, "%'blank''-'width.precision'g'".
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Print_ToBuffer(const MTX *M, char *buffer, const unsigned maxlength, const unsigned width, const unsigned precision);
/// \brief Print the matrix to a file with automatically determined column width.
/// and the specified precision, uses "%'blank''-'autowidth.precision'g'".
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PrintAutoWidth(const MTX *M, const char *path, const unsigned precision, const BOOL append);
/// \brief Print the matrix to stdout with automatically determined column width.
/// and the specified precision, uses "%'blank''-'autowidth.precision'g'".
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PrintStdoutAutoWidth(const MTX *M, const unsigned precision);
/// \brief Print the matrix to a buffer of maxlenth with automatically determined column width.
/// and the specified precision, uses "%'blank''-'autowidth.precision'g'".
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PrintAutoWidth_ToBuffer(const MTX *M, char *buffer, const unsigned maxlength, const unsigned precision);
/// \brief Print the matrix to a file with specifed precision and delimiter.
/// Use MTX_PrintAutoWidth if print using whitespace as a delimiter is required, uses "%.precision'g'"
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PrintDelimited(const MTX *M, const char *path, const unsigned precision, const char delimiter, const BOOL append);
/// \brief Print the matrix to a file with specifed precision and delimiter.
/// Use MTX_PrintAutoWidth if print using whitespace as a delimiter is required, uses "%.precision'g'".
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PrintDelimited_ToBuffer(const MTX *M, char *buffer, const unsigned maxlength, const unsigned precision, const char delimiter);
/// \brief Print a row to a string buffer.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PrintRowToString(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, char *buffer, const unsigned maxlength, const int width, const int precision);
////
// Math operations
/// \brief Adds a scalar double to matrix M, ie: M += 5.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Add_Scalar(MTX *M, const double scalar);
/// \brief Adds a scalar complex to matrix M, ie: M += (5 + 3i).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Add_ScalarComplex(MTX *M, const double re, const double im);
/// \brief Subtracts a scalar double from matrix M, ie: M -= 5.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Subtract_Scalar(MTX *M, const double scalar);
/// \brief Subtracts a scaler complex from matrix M, ie: M -= (5+3i).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Subtract_ScalarComplex(MTX *M, const double re, const double im);
/// \brief Multiply M with a double scalar inplace, ie: M *= 5.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Multiply_Scalar(MTX *M, const double scalar);
/// \brief Multiply M with a complex scalar inplace, ie: M *= (5+3i).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Multiply_ScalarComplex(MTX *M, const double re, const double im);
/// \brief Divide M by scaler double inplace, ie: M /= 5.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Divide_Scalar(MTX *M, const double scalar);
/// \brief Divide M by scaler complex inplace, ie: M /= (5+3i).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Divide_ScalarComplex(MTX *M, const double re, const double im);
/// \brief Change the sign of all the data in the matrix. M *= -1.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Negate(MTX *M);
/// \brief Computes the absolute value of each element in the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Abs(MTX *M);
/// \brief Compute the arc-cosine of each element of the matrix inplace.
/// Complex results are obtained if elements are greater than abs(1).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_acos(MTX *M);
/// \brief Compute the phase angle in radians of the elements in the matrix.
/// If all elements are real, the results are 0.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_angle(MTX *M);
/// \brief Compute the arc-sine of each element of the matrix inplace.
/// Complex results are obtained if elements are greater than abs(1).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_asin(MTX *M);
/// \brief Computes the value^2 of each element in the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Sqr(MTX *M);
/// \brief Computes the sqrt(value) of each element in the matrix.
/// A real matrix is converted to complex if any elements are negative.
/// e.g. sqrt(-1) = -i.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Sqrt(MTX *M);
/// \brief If real, computes the exp(value) of each element in the matrix.
/// If complex, computes exp(M) = exp(real)*(cos(imag)+i*sin(imag)).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Exp(MTX *M);
/// \brief Create an indentity matrix with nrows and ncols.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Eye(MTX *M, const unsigned nrows, const unsigned ncols);
/// \brief Computes the natural logarithm, ln(value) of each element in the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Ln(MTX *M);
/// \brief Raise all elements in src^(power_re + power_im*i) and store in dst.
/// If power is just real, power_im = 0.0.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Pow(const MTX *src, MTX *dst, const double power_re, const double power_im);
/// \brief Raise all elements in src^(power_re + power_im*i).
/// If power is just real, power_im = 0.0.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PowInplace(MTX *src, const double power_re, const double power_im);
/// \brief Computes the arctan, atan(value) of each element in the matrix
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_atan(MTX *M);
/// \brief Add +1.0 to all elements, e.g. M++.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Increment(MTX *M);
/// \brief Subtract 1.0 from all elements, e.g. M--.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Decrement(MTX *M);
/// \brief Add A += B, inplace.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Add_Inplace(MTX *A, const MTX *B);
/// \brief Subtract A -= B, inplace.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Subtract_Inplace(MTX *A, const MTX *B);
/// \brief Multiply A = B*A, inplace.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PreMultiply_Inplace(MTX *A, const MTX *B); // A = B*A
/// \brief Multiply A = tranpose(B)*A, inplace.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_TransposePreMultiply_Inplace(MTX *A, const MTX *B); // A = tranpose(B)*A
/// \brief Multiply A = A*B, inplace.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PostMultiply_Inplace(MTX *A, const MTX* B); // A = A*B
/// \brief Multiply A = A*transpose(B), inplace.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PostMultiplyTranspose_Inplace(MTX *A, const MTX* B); // A = A*tranpose(B)
/// \brief Dot multiply A .*= B, inplace (A.data[col][row] = A.data[col][row]*B.data[col][row]).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_DotMultiply_Inplace(MTX *A, const MTX *B);
/// \brief Dot divide A ./= B, inplace (A.data[col][row] = A.data[col][row]/B.data[col][row]).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_DotDivide_Inplace(MTX *A, const MTX *B);
/// \brief Add A = B+C.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Add(MTX *A, const MTX *B, const MTX *C);
/// \brief Subtract A = B-C.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Subtract(MTX *A, const MTX *B, const MTX *C);
/// \brief Multiply A = B*C.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Multiply(MTX *A, const MTX *B, const MTX *C);
/// \brief Multiply A = transpose(B)*C.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_TransposeMultiply(MTX *A, const MTX* B, const MTX* C);
/// \brief Multiply A = B*transpose(C).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MultiplyTranspose(MTX *A, const MTX* B, const MTX* C); // A = B*transpose(C)
/// \brief Rest if A == B to within the specified tolerance.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_IsEqual(const MTX *A, const MTX *B, const double tolerance, BOOL *isEqual);
/// \brief Add this matrix and an identity matrix. Adds 1.0 to the diagonal even if not square.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_AddIdentity(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Add this matrix and an identity matrix. Adds 1.0 to the diagonal even if not square.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_AddIdentity_Inplace(MTX *src);
/// \brief Subtract an identity matrix from this matrix. Subtracts 1.0 from the diagonal even if not square.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinusIdentity(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Subtract an identity matrix from this matrix. Subtracts 1.0 from the diagonal even if not square.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinusIdentity_Inplace(MTX *src);
/// \brief Subtract this matrix from an identity matrix. Subtracts the diagonal from 1.0 even if not square.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_IdentityMinus(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Subtract this matrix from an identity matrix. Subtracts the diagonal from 1.0 even if not square.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_IdentityMinus_Inplace(MTX *src);
/// \brief Difference and approximte derivative for column col.
/// The Diff is the column difference vector.
/// diff = col[1:N-2] - col[0:N-1].
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnDiff(const MTX *M, MTX *Diff, const unsigned col);
/// \brief Difference and approximate derivative.
/// The Diff matrix is composed of the column difference vectors.
/// for(i=0:M-1){ diff_i = col_i[1:N-2] - col_i[0:N-1] }
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Diff(const MTX *M, MTX *Diff);
////
// Statistics
/// \brief Computes the maximum element in the specified column and its index.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
/// If there are several equal maximum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxColIndex(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *re, double *im, unsigned *row);
/// \brief Computes the maximum element in the specified row and its index.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
/// If there are several equal maximum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxRowIndex(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *re, double *im, unsigned *col);
/// \brief Computes the minimum element in the specified column and its index.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
/// If there are several equal minimum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinColIndex(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *re, double *im, unsigned *row);
/// \brief Computes the minimum element in the specified row and its index.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
/// If there are several equal minimum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinRowIndex(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *re, double *im, unsigned *col);
/// \brief Computes the absolute maximum element in the specified column and its index.
/// If there are several equal maximum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxAbsColIndex(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *value, unsigned *row);
/// \brief Computes the absolue maximum element in the specified row and a its column index.
/// If there are several equal maximum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxAbsRowIndex(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *value, unsigned *col);
/// \brief Computes the absolute minimum element in the specified column and its index.
/// If there are several equal minimum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinAbsColIndex(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *value, unsigned *row);
/// \brief Computes the absolute minimum element in the specified row and its index.
/// If there are several equal minimum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinAbsRowIndex(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *value, unsigned *col);
/// \brief Computes the maximum element in the specified column.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxColumn(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the maximum element in the specified row.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxRow(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the minimum element in the specified column.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinColumn(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the minimum element in the specified row.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinRow(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the absolute maximum element in the specified column.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxAbsColumn(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the absolute maximum element in the specified row.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxAbsRow(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the absolute minimum element in the specified column.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinAbsColumn(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the absolute minimum element in the specified row.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinAbsRow(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the absolute maximum element for the entire matrix and its row and column index.
/// If there are several equal maximum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxAbsIndex(const MTX *M, double* value, unsigned *row, unsigned *col);
/// \brief Computes the maximum element for the entire matrix and its row and column index.
/// If there are several equal maximum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxIndex(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im, unsigned *row, unsigned *col);
/// \brief Computes the absolute maximum element for the entire matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MaxAbs(const MTX *M, double* value);
/// \brief Computes the maximum element for the entire matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Max(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the absolute minimum element for the entire matrix and its row and column index.
/// If there are several equal minimum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinAbsIndex(const MTX *M, double* value, unsigned *row, unsigned *col);
/// \brief Computes the minimum element for the entire matrix and its row and column index.
/// If there are several equal minimum elements, the first index from the beginning is returned.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinIndex(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im, unsigned *row, unsigned *col);
/// \brief Computes the absolute minimum element for the entire matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MinAbs(const MTX *M, double* value);
/// \brief Computes the minimum element for the entire matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Min(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the range of the data in the specified column.
/// Range = MaxVal - MinVal.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnRange(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the range of the data in the specified row.
/// Range = MaxVal - MinVal.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RowRange(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the range of the data in the matrix.
/// Range = MaxVal - MinVal.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Range(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the sum for the specified column.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnSum(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the sum of the absolute values for the specified column.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnSumAbs(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sum for the specified row.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RowSum(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the sum of the data in the matrix .
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Sum(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the sample mean for the specified column.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnMean(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the sample mean for the specified row.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RowMean(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the sample mean for the matrix.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Mean(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the sample standard deviation for the specified column.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnStdev(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sample standard deviation for the specified row.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RowStdev(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sample standard deviation for the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Stdev(const MTX *M, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sample variance for the specified column.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnVar(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sample variance for the specified row.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RowVar(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sample variance for the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Var(const MTX *M, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the norm of the specified column.
/// If real, norm = sqrt( sum( val*val ) ).
/// If complex, norm = sqrt( sum( val*conjugate(val) ) ).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnNorm(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the norm of the specified row.
/// If real, norm = sqrt( sum( val*val ) ).
/// If complex, norm = sqrt( sum( val*conjugate(val) ) ).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RowNorm(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the norm of the matrix.
/// If real, norm = sqrt( sum( val*val ) ).
/// If complex, norm = sqrt( sum( val*conjugate(val) ) ).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Norm(const MTX *M, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sample RMS value for the specified column.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnRMS(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sample RMS value for the specified row.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RowRMS(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sample RMS value for the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RMS(const MTX *M, double *value);
/// \brief Computes the sample skewness value for the specified column.
/// The skewness is the third central moment divided by the cube of the standard deviation.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnSkewness(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *re, double* im);
/// \brief Computes the sample skewness value for the specified row.
/// The skewness is the third central moment divided by the cube of the standard deviation.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_RowSkewness(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *re, double* im);
/// \brief Computes the sample skewness value for the matrix.
/// The skewness is the third central moment divided by the cube of the standard deviation.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Skewness(const MTX *M, double *re, double* im);
/// \brief Computes the sample kurtosis value for the specified column.
/// The kurtosis is the fourth central moment divided by fourth power of the standard deviation.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
/// To adjust the computed kurtosis value for bias, subtract 3 from the real component.
/// Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis.
/// Reference: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Kurtosis.html (kurtosis proper is computed).
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
// g_2 = \frac{m_4}{m_{2}^2} = \frac{n\,\sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \overline{x})^4}{\left(\sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \overline{x})^2\right)^2}.
BOOL MTX_ColumnKurtosis(const MTX *M, const unsigned col, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the sample kurtosis value for the specified row.
/// The kurtosis is the fourth central moment divided by fourth power of the standard deviation.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
/// To adjust the computed kurtosis value for bias, subtract 3 from the real component.
/// Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis.
/// Reference: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Kurtosis.html (kurtosis proper is computed).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
// g_2 = \frac{m_4}{m_{2}^2} = \frac{n\,\sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \overline{x})^4}{\left(\sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \overline{x})^2\right)^2}.
BOOL MTX_RowKurtosis(const MTX *M, const unsigned row, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Computes the sample kurtosis value for the matrix.
/// The kurtosis is the fourth central moment divided by fourth power of the standard deviation.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
/// To adjust the computed kurtosis value for bias, subtract 3 from the real component.
/// Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtosis.
/// Reference: http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Kurtosis.html (kurtosis proper is computed).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
// g_2 = \frac{m_4}{m_{2}^2} = \frac{n\,\sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \overline{x})^4}{\left(\sum_{i=1}^n (x_i - \overline{x})^2\right)^2}.
BOOL MTX_Kurtosis(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im);
////
// Matrix specific
/// \brief Computes the trace of M where M is a square matrix.
/// Trace = Sum of diagonal elements.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Trace(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief Sets the diagonal elements of M into D as a column vector
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Diagonal(const MTX *M, MTX *D);
/// \brief Sorts each column of M in ascending order.
/// If complex, sorts based on magnitude.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SortAscending(MTX *M);
/// \brief Sorts each column of M in descending order.
/// If complex, sorts based on magnitude.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SortDescending(MTX *M);
/// \brief Sorts a specific column in ascending order.
/// If complex, sorts based on magnitude.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SortColumnAscending(MTX *M, const unsigned col);
/// \brief Sorts a specific column in descending order.
/// If complex, sorts based on magnitude.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SortColumnDescending(MTX *M, const unsigned col);
/// \brief Sorts a specific column in ascending order and fills a MTX column vector with the sorted index.
/// The index vector will be resized if index->nrows != M->nrows
/// If complex, sorts based on magnitude.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SortColumnIndexed(MTX *M, const unsigned col, MTX *index);
/// \brief Sorts the entire matrix by a specific column.
/// If complex, sorts based on magnitude.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SortByColumn(MTX *M, const unsigned col);
/// \brief Saves a matrix to the specified file path using a proprietary compressed format.
/// ADVANCED EDITION ONLY!
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SaveCompressed(const MTX *M, const char *path);
/// \brief Loads a binary compressed matrix that was saved using the MTX_SaveCompressed function.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ReadCompressed(MTX *M, const char *path);
/// \brief Get attributes of the compressed file.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_GetCompressedFileAttributes(
const char *path,
unsigned* nrows,
unsigned* ncols,
BOOL* isReal
);
/// \brief Read an ASCII matrix data file and save it using MTX_SaveCompressed.
/// ADVANCED EDITION ONLY!
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_LoadAndSave(const char* infilepath, const char* outfilepath);
/// \brief Read an ASCII matrix data file and save it using MTX_SaveCompressed.
/// This version saves the data to the same base filename and uses the .mtx extension.
/// ADVANCED EDITION ONLY!
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_LoadAndSaveQuick(const char* infilepath);
/// \brief Alter the matrix, M, so that its data is within the startTime to the startTime+duration
/// and compensate for any rollovers in the time system (e.g. GPS time in seconds rolls over
/// at 604800.0 s). This function assumes that time is one of the matrix columns and requires
/// this index, the timeColumn.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_TimeWindow(
MTX* M, //!< Matrix to be altered
const unsigned timeColumn, //!< The column containing time
const double startTime, //!< The specified start time (inclusive)
const double duration, //!< The duration to include
const double rolloverTime); //!< The potential time at which system time rolls over
/// \brief Alter the matrix, M, so that its data is within [startTime endTime].
/// This function assumes that time is one of the matrix columns and requires
/// this index, the timeColumn.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_TimeLimit(
MTX* M, //!< Matrix to be altered
const unsigned timeColumn, //!< The column containing time
const double startTime, //!< The specified start time (inclusive)
const double endTime); //!< The duration to include
/// \brief This function matches matrices in time with specified precision
/// where time is a column of each matrix. This function also
/// allows time to rollover at a specified interval.
///
/// precision 0 = match to whole number \n
/// precision 1 = match to nearest 0.1 \n
/// precision 2 = match to nearest 0.01 \n
/// etc. \n
/// rolloverTime examples \n
/// GPS time of week (s): rolloverTime= 604800.0 \n
/// hours : rolloverTime = 24.0 \n
/// minutes : rolloverTime = 60.0 \n
///
/// The time data must be non-decreasing but the time may rollover
/// by the specified amount.
/// e.g. rolloverTime = 60.0 \n
/// 0,1,2,3,4,...59,60,1,2,5,10,60,1,2,3... \n
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_TimeMatch(
MTX *A, //!< The matrix with interpolation times
const unsigned timeColumnA, //!< The zero based column index for matrix A
MTX *B, //!< The matrix to be interpolated
const unsigned timeColumnB, //!< The zero based column index for matrix B
const unsigned precision, //!< The rounding precision used for time matching, 0 = whole, 1 = 0.1, 2 = 0.01, etc
const double rolloverTime //!< The rollover time, e.g. 60 s for minute based timing, 0.0 means rollovers not allowed
);
/// \brief This function interpolates Matrix B values by the times defined
/// in the column in Matrix A. Time must be increasing but times can
/// rollover with the specified rolloverTime.
///
/// This function returns A and B with the same number of rows and
/// time aligned time columns.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Interpolate(
MTX *A, //!< The matrix with interpolation times
const unsigned timeColumnA, //!< The zero based column index for matrix A
MTX *B, //!< The matrix to be interpolated
const unsigned timeColumnB, //!< The zero based column index for matrix B
const double maxInterpolationInterval, //!< The largest interpolation interval allowed
const double rolloverTime //!< The rollover time, e.g. 60 s for minute based timing, 0.0 means rollovers not allowed
);
/// \brief Compute the inverse, 1.0/x, inplace for each element
/// of the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Inv(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the inplace inverse of the matrix.
/// Uses fast closed form solutions for:
/// Only for: 1x1, 2x2, 3x3
///
/// If the matrix is singular, the original matrix is unchanged.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE if empty or has dimensions larger
/// than 3x3, false if singular or not square
BOOL MTX_InvertInPlaceClosedForm(MTX *M);
/// \brief Compute the inplace inverse of the matrix.
/// Uses fast closed form solutions for:
/// Only for: 1x1, 2x2, 3x3
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE if empty or has dimensions larger
/// than 3x3, false if singular or not square
BOOL MTX_InvertClosedForm(const MTX *M, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Compute the inplace inverse of a matrix.
///
/// The matrix is first tested to determine if it is a symmetric
/// positive-definite matrix. If so, Cholesky decomposition is used
/// to facilitate the inversion of a lower triangular matrix. If the
/// matrix is not symmetric and positive-definite robust inversion
/// using gaussing elimination is attempted.
///
/// 3x3 matrices or smaller dimensions are computed using
/// MTX_InvertInPlaceClosedForm.
///
/// If the matrix is singular, the original matrix is unchanged.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_InvertInPlace(MTX *M);
/// \brief Compute the inverse of a matrix.
///
/// The matrix is first tested to determine if it is a symmetric
/// positive-definite matrix. If so, Cholesky decomposition is used
/// to facilitate the inversion of a lower triangular matrix. If the
/// matrix is not symmetric and positive-definite robust inversion
/// using gaussing elimination is attempted.
///
/// 3x3 matrices or smaller dimensions are computed using
/// MTX_InvertClosedForm.
///
/// If the matrix is singular, the original matrix is unchanged.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Invert(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Perfroms an inplace matrix inverse using Gaussian Elimination methods.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_InvertInPlaceRobust(MTX *M);
/// \brief Computes a moving average using N lead samples and M lagging samples
/// for the specified column and stores it in dst.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ColumnMovAvg(const MTX *src, const unsigned col, const unsigned lead, const unsigned lag, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Computes a moving average using N lead samples and M lagging samples
/// for the matrix and stores it in dst.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_MovAvg(const MTX *src, const unsigned lead, const unsigned lag, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Computes: InvATA = inverse( transpose(A) * A ).
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_ATAInverse(const MTX *A, MTX *InvATA);
/// \brief Compute the inplace inverse of a unit lower triangular matrix.
/// An example unit lower triangular matrix is: \n
/// A = [ 1 0 0; \n
/// -2 2 0; \n
/// 4 -3 3 ]; with \n
/// inv(A) = [ 1 0 0; \n
/// 1 1/2 0; \n
/// -1/3 1/2 1/3 ]; \n
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_LowerTriangularInverseInplace(MTX *src);
/// \brief Computes the determinatnt of the square matrix M.
/// If the matrix is real, only the real value, re is set, im = 0.
/// If the matrix is complex, both re and im are set.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Det(const MTX *M, double *re, double *im);
/// \brief LU factorization.
/// Performs a factorization to produce a unit lower triangular matrix, L,
/// an upper triangular matrix, U, and permutation matrix P so that
/// P*X = L*U.
/// P, L and U are copmuted correctly if IsFullRank is set to true.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_LUFactorization(const MTX *src, BOOL *IsFullRank, MTX *P, MTX *L, MTX *U);
/// \brief Retrieve the elements of the matrix specified by the index vectors.
/// The index vectors must be nx1 real vectors.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_IndexedValues(const MTX *src, const MTX *row_index, const MTX *col_index, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Set the elements of the matrix specified by the index vectors.
/// The index vectors must be nx1 real vectors.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_SetIndexedValues(MTX *dst, const MTX *row_index, const MTX *col_index, const MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the Fast Fourier Transform of each columns in the src matrix and
/// store it in the dst matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FFT(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Compute the inverse Fast Fourier Transform of each columns in the src matrix and
/// store it in the dst matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_IFFT(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Compute the Two-Dimensional Fast Fourier Transform of the src matrix and
/// store it in the dst matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FFT2(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Compute the Two-Dimensional Inverse Fast Fourier Transform of the src matrix and
/// store it in the dst matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_IFFT2(const MTX *src, MTX *dst);
/// \brief Compute the inplace Fast Fourier Transform of each column of the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FFT_Inplace(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the inplace inverse Fast Fourier Transform of each column of the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_IFFT_Inplace(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the inplace two dimensional Fast Fourier Transform of the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_FFT2_Inplace(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the inplace two dimensional inverse Fast Fourier Transform of the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_IFFT2_Inplace(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the sine of each element in the matrix. Assumes elements are radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_sin(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the sin(pi*x)/(pi*) of each element in the matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_sinc(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the hyperbolic sine of each element in the matrix. Assumes elements are radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_sinh(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the inverse hyperbolic sine of each element in the matrix.
/// Results in radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_asinh(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the cosine of each element in the matrix. Assumes elements are radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_cos(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the hyperbolic cosine of each element in the matrix. Assumes elements are radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_cosh(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the inverse hyperbolic cosine of each element in the matrix.
/// Results in radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_acosh(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the tangent of each element in the matrix. Assumes elements are radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_tan(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the hyperbolic tangent of each element in the matrix. Assumes elements are radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_tanh(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the inverse hyperbolic tangent of each element in the matrix.
/// Results in radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_atanh(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the cotangent of each element in the matrix. Assumes elements are radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_cot(MTX *src);
/// \brief Compute the hyperbolic cotangent of each element in the matrix. Assumes elements are radians.
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_coth(MTX *src);
/// \brief Create a column vector [start:increment:end) beginning at start
/// with step size of increment until less than or equal to end.
/// Note that arguments must be real scalars. \n
/// e.g. a = 2:2:9 = [2; 4; 6; 8;] \n
/// e.g. b = 2:-2:-9 = [2; 0; -2; -4; -6; -9;] \n
///
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Colon(MTX *dst, const double start, const double increment, const double end);
/** \brief A very efficient method to remove rows and columns from the matrix.
*
* \code
* MTX A;
* unsigned rows[2];
* unsigned cols[2];
* MTX_Init(&A);
* MTX_Calloc( &A, 4, 4 );
* MTX_Identity( &A );
* A.data[0][0] = 100.0;
* A.data[2][1] = 10.0;
* A.data[1][2] = 20.0;
* // remove the first row and column and the third row and column.
* rows[0] = 0;
* rows[1] = 2;
* cols[0] = 0;
* cols[1] = 2;
* MTX_RemoveRowsAndColumns( &A, 2, (unsigned*)rows, 2 (unsigned*)cols );
* // A is now a 2x2 identity matrix.
* \endcode
*
* \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_RemoveRowsAndColumns(
MTX *src, //!< The pointer to the matrix object.
const unsigned nrows, //!< The number of rows to remove (the length of the rows array).
const unsigned rows[], //!< The array of row indices to remove.
const unsigned ncols, //!< The number of columns to remove (the length of hte cols array).
const unsigned cols[]
);
/**
\brief Sets the matrix as the NxN hilbert matrix. H_ij = 1.0 / (i+j-1.0) for i=1:N, j=1:N.
\code
MTX H;
BOOL result;
MTX_Init( &H );
result = MTX_Hilbert( &H, 3);
// H == "[1 1/2 1/3; 1/2 1/3 1/4; 1/3 1/4 1/5]";
\endcode
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_Hilbert(MTX *src, const unsigned N);
/**
\brief Produce a matrix that is composed of pseudo-random numbers.
Values are elements are standard normal distribution with mean zero,
variance of one and standard of deviation one. N(0,1)
\code
MTX A;
MTX_Init(&A);
MTX_randn( 1000, 1 ); // create a standard-normal distributed random vector of 1000 rows by 1 column.
\endcode
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_randn(
MTX* M,
const unsigned nrows,
const unsigned ncols,
const unsigned seed
);
/**
\brief Produce a matrix that is composed of pseudo-random numbers.
Values are elements are uniform distribution [0,1].
\code
MTX A;
MTX_Init(&A);
MTX_rand( 1000, 1 ); // create a uniformly distributed random vector of 1000 rows by 1 column.
\endcode
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_rand(
MTX* M,
const unsigned nrows,
const unsigned ncols,
const unsigned seed
);
/// \brief Test if a double value is NaN.
BOOL MTX_IsNAN(double value);
/// \brief Test if a double value is +INF.
BOOL MTX_IsPostiveINF(double value);
/// \brief Test if a double value is -INF.
BOOL MTX_IsNegativeINF(double value);
/// \brief A quick plot, to a RLE compressed windows bitmap file, x_column vs y_column of the matrix M.
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_PlotQuick(MTX* M, const char* bmpfilename, const unsigned x_col, const unsigned y_col);
/// \brief These are the supported colors.
typedef enum
{
MTX_WHITE = 0,
MTX_BLACK = 1,
MTX_BLUE = 2,
MTX_GREEN = 3,
MTX_PURPLE = 4,
MTX_MAGENTA = 5,
MTX_DARKBLUE = 6,
MTX_INDIANRED = 7,
MTX_BABYBLUE = 8,
MTX_PAISLYBLUE = 9,
MTX_LIGHTPURPLE = 10,
MTX_DARKPURPLE = 11,
MTX_GREYPURPLE = 12,
MTX_BROWN = 13,
MTX_RED = 14,
MTX_PINK = 15,
MTX_YELLOW = 16,
MTX_ORANGE = 17,
MTX_CYAN = 18,
MTX_LIMEGREEN = 19,
MTX_GREY = 20,
MTX_LIGHTGREY = 21
} MTX_enumColor;
typedef struct
{
MTX* M; //!< A pointer to the series data matrix.
unsigned x_col; //!< The series x data column.
unsigned y_col; //!< The series y data column.
BOOL connected; //!< Are the data points connected.
MTX_enumColor color; //!< The color of the data points/line.
char* label; //!< The series label, NULL if none.
char* units; //!< The series units, NULL if none.
int precision; //!< The number of significant digits in the statistics.
BOOL markOutlierData; //!< Should the outlier data be marked.
} MTX_PLOT_structSeries;
/// \brief A container struct used in MTX_structAxisOptions.
typedef struct
{
BOOL doNotUseDefault;
double val;
} MTX_structAxisSubOption;
/// \brief A container struct for axis options.
typedef struct
{
MTX_structAxisSubOption lowerlimit;
MTX_structAxisSubOption upperlimit;
MTX_structAxisSubOption tickstart;
MTX_structAxisSubOption ticksize;
MTX_structAxisSubOption tickend;
}MTX_structAxisOptions;
/// \brief Plot up to 12 series on one figure directly to an RLE compressed BITMAP file.
/// \return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
BOOL MTX_Plot(
const char* bmpfilename, //!< The output RLE compressed BITMAP filename.
const char* title, //!< The plot title (NULL if not used).
const unsigned plot_height_cm, //!< The plot height in cm.
const unsigned plot_width_cm, //!< The plot width in cm.
const BOOL includeStats, //!< A boolean to indicate if statistics info should be included on the plot.
const BOOL isXGridOn, //!< A boolean to indicate if the x grid lines are on.
const BOOL isYGridOn, //!< A boolean to indicate if the y grid lines are on.
const char* xlabel, //!< The x axis label (NULL if not used).
const char* ylabel, //!< The y axis label (NULL if not used).
const MTX_structAxisOptions x, //!< Limits and ticks for x.
const MTX_structAxisOptions y, //!< Limits and ticks for y.
const MTX_PLOT_structSeries* series, //!< A pointer to an array of series structs.
const unsigned nrSeries //!< The number of series.
);
/**
\brief Swap the contents of matrix A with matrix B.
\code
MTX A,B;
MTX_Init( &A );
MTX_Init( &B );
MTX_Malloc( &A, 2, 2, TRUE );
MTX_Malloc( &B, 1, 1, TRUE );
MTX_Fill( &A, 88.0 );
MTX_Fill( &B, 44.0 );
MTX_Swap( &A, &B );
// A == [44], B == [88 88; 88 88]
MTX_Free( &A );
MTX_Free( &B );
\endcode
\return TRUE if succesful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_Swap(MTX* A, MTX *B);
#ifdef _DEBUG
/* Take a filename and return a pointer to its final element. This
function is called on __FILE__ to fix a MSVC nit where __FILE__
contains the full path to the file. This is bad, because it
confuses users to find the home directory of the person who
compiled the binary in their warrning messages. */
const char * _shortfile(const char *fname);
#define _SHORT_FILE_ _shortfile(__FILE__)
#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1300 /* Windows compilers before VC7 don't have __FUNCTION__ or __LINE__. */
#define MTX_ERROR_MSG( msg ) { const char *themsg = msg; if( themsg != NULL ){ printf( "\n%s, %s\n", _SHORT_FILE_, themsg ); }else{ printf( "\n%s, %s, %d, Unknown Error\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__ ); } }
#else
#define MTX_ERROR_MSG( msg ) { const char *themsg = msg; if( themsg != NULL ){ printf( "\n%s, %s, %d, %s\n", _SHORT_FILE_, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, themsg ); }else{ printf( "\n%s, %s, %d, Unknown Error\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__ ); } }
#endif
#else
const char* _shortfile(const char *fname);
#define _SHORT_FILE_ _shortfile(__FILE__)
#define MTX_ERROR_MSG( msg ) {}
#endif
/// \brief Compute the LDLt decomposition of a square matrix.
/// This method avoids using square roots and can be used
/// for any square, full rank, symmetrical matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if succesful, FALSE otherwise. FALSE if not full rank.
BOOL MTX_LDLt(
MTX* src, //!< src = L*D*Lt
MTX *L, //!< src = L*D*Lt
MTX* d, //!< src = L*D*Lt, d it the vector diagonal of D.
BOOL checkSymmetric //!< Option to enable/disable checking the src matrix for symmetry. Runs faster if the input is known to be symmetric.
);
/// \brief Compute the UDUt decomposition of a square matrix.
/// This method avoids using square roots and can be used
/// for any square, full rank, symmetrical matrix.
///
/// \return TRUE if succesful, FALSE otherwise. FALSE if not full rank.
BOOL MTX_UDUt(
MTX* src, //!< src = U*D*Ut
MTX *U, //!< src = U*D*Ut
MTX* d, //!< src = U*D*Ut, d it the vector diagonal of D.
BOOL checkSymmetric //!< Option to enable/disable checking the src matrix for symmetry.
);
/**
\brief Compute the error function (erf) for all values in the matrix inplace. \n
erf(x) = 2/sqrt(pi) * [integral from 0 to x of]( e^(-t^2) )dt.
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_erf_Inplace(MTX* src);
/**
\brief Compute the inverse error function (erfinv) for all values in the matrix inplace. \n
y = erf(x), compute x given y, i.e. x = erfinv(y).
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_erfinv_Inplace(MTX* src);
/**
\brief Compute the complementary error function (erfc) for all values in the matrix inplace.
erfc(x) = 1 - erf(x) = 2/sqrt(pi) * [integral from x to inf of]( e^(-t^2) )dt.
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_erfc_Inplace(MTX* src);
/**
\brief Compute the inverse complementary error function (erfcinv) for all values in the matrix inplace.
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_erfcinv_Inplace(MTX* src);
/**
\brief Set the index vector so that it contains are the indices of values that are equal
to the value specified with the given tolerance from the column of the src matrix.
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_find_column_values_equalto(
const MTX* src, //!< The source matrix to search.
const unsigned col, //!< The zero-based index of the column which is searched.
MTX* indexVector, //!< This is the index vector corresponding to the equal values in the source matrix.
const double re, //!< The real part of the equal to value.
const double im, //!< The imaginary part of the equal to value.
const double tolerance //!< The search tolerance. e.g. 1.0e-12.
);
/**
\brief Set the index vector so that it contains are the indices of values that are not equal
to the value specified with the given tolerance from the column of the src matrix.
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_find_column_values_not_equalto(
const MTX* src, //!< The source matrix to search.
const unsigned col, //!< The zero-based index of the column which is searched.
MTX* indexVector, //!< This is the index vector corresponding to the values that are not equal in the source matrix.
const double re, //!< The real part of the value.
const double im, //!< The imaginary part of the value.
const double tolerance //!< The search tolerance. e.g. 1.0e-12.
);
/**
\brief Set the index vector so that it contains are the indices of values that are less then
to the value specified with the given tolerance from the column of the src matrix.
Complex matrix values are compared to the value by magnitude (i.e. sqrt(re*re+im*im)).
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_find_column_values_less_than(
const MTX* src, //!< The source matrix to search.
const unsigned col, //!< The zero-based index of the column which is searched.
MTX* indexVector, //!< This is the index vector of the values desired.
const double value //!< The comparison value.
);
/**
\brief Set the index vector so that it contains are the indices of values that are more then
to the value specified with the given tolerance from the column of the src matrix.
Complex matrix values are compared to the value by magnitude (i.e. sqrt(re*re+im*im)).
\return TRUE if successful, FALSE otherwise.
*/
BOOL MTX_find_column_values_more_than(
const MTX* src, //!< The source matrix to search.
const unsigned col, //!< The zero-based index of the column which is searched.
MTX* indexVector, //!< This is the index vector of the values desired.
const double value //!< The comparison value.
);
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif // ZENUATICS_MTX_H
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
}
| 8,730
|
But who is hidden behind Ebulobo ?
Anne was born in Paris in 1967, lived all her childhood in Martinique and in swimsuit but followed her studies in Paris. After a year in History at La Sorbonne, she changed direction and continues her studies in Art School at ESAG first and then the ESDI (Industrial Design School).
Ferdinand was born in Paris in 1969 and did all his studies in the capital. After a while in architecture, he decided to enter l'Académie Charpentier and then the ENSCI (National School of Industrial Creation).
Anne is passionate about creation, toys' world in all its aspects et most of all the meeting of the industrial and the design.
Ferdinand is passionate about achievement, technical means and most of all the evolution of those means in the creation.
After a while working separately, we decided to become associates in order to create the Studio "Lelong Lecomte designers associés" in Paris.
Very quickly we are more and more interested by the children and our creation are made for them.
We even became parents in 1992 and then 1997 !
Thanks to the Studio, we have created several ranges of toys for DJECO, Fnac Eveil & Jeux, FAGOE, Sport France and some design objects for Decathlon, Issey Miyake and even Yves Saint Laurent !
In 2008, we decided to leave all what we were doing in order to create our own design company for children, EBULOBO and develop our own ideas in our way !
The name Ebulobo come from a volcano located in the Flores island in Indonesia. For us, the volcano Ebulobo symbolizes the explosion of ideas, sounds like a balloon and illustrates the small bubbles that can appear from a boiling liquid.
We are fans of children and so we decided to become specialized in toys. The early-learning and the psychomotor development are essential and the first preoccupation of babies when they play.
Ebulobo is conscious that babies don't only play to make fun but also to learn. With the play, babies take their visual, sound and touch-sensitive stimulation up. They also learn about their own coordination and recognition of the forms and colors.
All those learning processes are fondamental for the good development of children.
Ebulobo develop range of products where each toy match a function, a age bracket and is adapted to babies ability.
Each range of toys has a story which tells something special. The characters we create tell their own adventures.
The idea is to associate the adults around babies so they can help them discover the stories. For each range of toys, we create small book which tells the story of the range. By knowing the story, the parents will be able to play with their child. Through story, communication is better !
In addition, Ebulobo's collections are created following the trend and fashion. Anne isn't a real fashionista but loves to follow and use the trend books so Ebulobo can design trendy toys !
Each collection has a message. The Peace and Love collection is about about nature, harmony and organic products. Woodours collection is about the relationship of love between a bear cub and his father !
All Ebulobo's prints are drawn by Anne. We do not buy them, they are home-made !
There is time to create funny characters and collection and a time to make sure our toys are made in accordance with norms of safety.
At each launch of collection, we give products the green light so they meet norms and rules at the european level.
Ebulobo is about overjoyed and great mood creativity which give a great deal of room for imagination and humour !
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 6,101
|
Phnom Kulen National Park
River of a Thousand Lingas
Avoid the Reclining Buddha
The Waterfalls Scam
How to get there but avoid the scam
Nestling in the southern extension of the Dangrek Mountains in the Svay Leu District, 48 kilometres away from Siem Reap rests the Phnom Kulen National Park. One of the most scenic and historically significant locations in the area, the park falls along the journey to Prasat Banteay Srei, making a beautiful natural complement to the intricate manmade wonders of the ancient citadel.
Unfortunately, the waterfalls in the park are 'owned' by a businessman from Siem Reap with 'high' connections, who charges an outrageous $20 to see this natural resource.
But read on to discover how to avoid this scam.
Lingas in the river bed at Phnom Kulen National Park
Blanketed with lush green vegetation and adorned with waterfalls, the mountain slopes gently into a scenic valley at its foot. The grounds are peppered with spots of special note, both natural and manmade in significance. The Chup Preah is a plain in the valley surrounded by cool streams.
One of the most celebrated aspects combining the natural and the manmade is Kbal Spean, or the River of a Thousand Lingas. The sandstone rock bed of this shallow river is carvings of the Shiva phallus and its female counterpart Yoni symbols, interspersed with depictions of reclining Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma gods. This is said to have been done to assist the scared waters in better fertilizing the plains below.
In the Hindu tradition, water flowing over the lingas is sacred and holy, and many Cambodians bottle the water from the downriver waterfalls.
The terrace of Sdach Kamlung is notable for the small ruined temple Preah Thom at its centre, found upstream from one of the waterfalls. One of the most imposing sights is the statue of the reclining Buddha that has been carved out of a giant sandstone boulder and stands at a height of 8 meters. This is flanked by two towering and rare Cham Pa trees.
Although imposing, it is not the biggest Buddha in Cambodia. The reclining Buddha at Prasat Phnom Baset, north of Phnom Penh, is older and bigger. And there is something odd about this Buddha at Phnom Kulen: he is lying on his left side which is an offence against the strict rules of Buddhist iconography; this relief is a fake copy. Preah Thom is a profit-orientated, unfriendly place, with poor food stalls and no toilets. There are a lot of local visitors, mainly on the weekends.
Two magnificent waterfalls are the crowning beauties of the park. One is relatively short, but boasts a width while the other falls from a height of 15 meters. The multi-tiered descent of rock face makes the resulting cascades of white water ever more enchanting and musical. The area at the top of the taller falls is ideal for picnics and a tranquil rest after a day of climbing and sight-seeing.
Unfortunately, a businessman has been given exclusive rights to privately develop this national resource and the guy really wants to raise some revenue, setting an entrance fee charge of $20 (you read that correctly!) for a foreigner to ride up and see the waterfall, which is about 10 km from the ticket checkpoint area.
This site should not be visited, not even when you see the ticket 'promotion' at City Angkor Hotel in Siem Reap where the ticket 'only' costs $12. Guess who the owner of that hotel is? Right, the same 'businessman' that 'owns' the waterfalls! Going there will only support the scam.
So, how to get to Phnom Kulen, but avoid the scam? Drive to Banteay Srey and take the road north for about half an hour. At the junction before the checkpoint you turn right, towards Beng Mealea. After 6.5 km is Wat Prohm Bram Bey ('Eight Brahmas') on the left. Leave your vehicle at a shop on the foot of the concrete stairway. After some 20 minutes easy walk you are at Wat Preah Cup, a sacred spring, (bring a bottle with you) and a swimming pool. The relief shows the Buddha standing between a kneeling elephant and a coiled naga. It looks like a clumsy copy and may be from the 16th century. There is also a shrine for neak ta (local spirits).
Phnom Kulen was used as the final stronghold of the Khmer Rouge regime and before the construction of a private toll road, was relatively inaccessible or slow going, depending on weather conditions. Even now, tourists are warned not to wander off beaten tracks for fear of hidden mines. Some question that the locals are protecting the sanctity of this spot as thousands of Cambodians visit every year without incident.
Angkor Photo Festival
Angkor Half Marathon
Siem Reap Introduction
Landmine Museum & Relief Fund
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
| 135
|
Graphic design is an important skill everyone must master in this "gifting with art" business. With this skill, you can make higher profit margin in selling DIY gifts because customers are happy to pay for the unique design.
DIY is organizing 4-hrs but intensive Graphic Design Course to share all MUST-KNOW skills in popular graphic design software such as Photoshop & Illustrator.
Normal price for this Graphic Design Course is RM500. But DIY is offering at RM0 now. Yes, it is RM0 or F.R.E.E!
INTERESTED IN RESERVING YOUR SEAT IN GRAPHIC DESIGN COURSE? CALL US NOW!
p/s: ONLY FOR FIRST 12 DIY MEMBERS in first come first served basis.
– Visit our DIY showroom in Klang, Bandar Baru Klang.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 265
|
Suede upper block heel sandal, perfect for all day wear. Showcasing a two part design with a front strap and open back with an adjustable buckle fastening. The low block heel and buckle fastening completes this staple style.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 9,568
|
update: my boss sent a chat message I wasn't supposed to see — but it popped up on a shared screen
It's "where are you now?" month at Ask a Manager, and all December I'm running updates from people who had their letters here answered in the past.
Remember the letter-writer whose boss sent a chat message not intended for her — but it popped up on a shared screen? Here's the update.
Thank you so much for everyone's advice. Since the letter was posted a few months after it actually happened, I did some mini-updates in the comments. I am going to summarize those here and then post a further update.
The original comment about long-windedness was definitely about my retired coworker only. He was very well known for it and the boss had shown very public annoyance about it in the past (eye-rolling, complaining behind his back, snapping, etc.). After the message, I did some serious soul searching and asked for feedback from past/present colleagues and personal friends because I just didn't know what had happened to make him say that about me. I trust these people to tell me the truth. I was majorly beating myself up and feeling pretty terrible (anxiety/imposter syndrome anyone?). I do think I could occasionally over-explain something, but not often and certainly not to the level a boss should need to even say something. I think in the end the personality quirk that made my boss dislike me was probably the fact that he is not interested in hearing anybody's opinion unless it agreed with his and, while I was never disrespectful, I occasionally asked questions or voiced concerns such as "that's a good idea, but due to 'niche work factor' can we consider X, Y, or Z" using a collaborative, upbeat tone of voice. I think he disliked anyone not agreeing with him to a 'T' and this fact has since been corroborated with several other colleagues who work on his level.
Ever since that chat message, my boss kept giving Mark more projects despite me asking to be on projects too. Prior to this, I was the point person on most of the projects and I know I did a good job (from feedback from others in the department and several different grandbosses). Between the chat message and the inability to do anything but very basic rote work I was not hired to do, I decided to look at other opportunities. After much research, I decided to go back to school and got accepted into a short-term fellowship.
I was still waffling on attending as it would mean moving away. I decided to tell my boss I was probably leaving as I was about to be sent on expensive training and would have been turning in my notice the day after returning. I did not feel right about it and was worried about my reference if he thought I wasted company money.
In my conversation with him, he told me he would help me make the decision on whether to go to school or work training as he was planning on promoting Mark at the end of the month when we had returned from training. I was kind of stunned since he knew that I was working towards the small promotion and had been being groomed by upper management for a leadership position. I asked him why and he said that Mark was more "hands on." It appears it was in part a setup all along so he could justify giving the promotion to Mark, who is a yes-man.
I really, really did not want to believe sexism was at play, but I think it was to an extent. I had tenure; public, verbal approval for my work from upper management; a leadership fellowship sponsored by my company (which Mark was not invited to); and more relevant education than Mark. These things don't make me automatically deserve the small promotion, and I know this. I was shocked because Mark had never shown desire or drive to be the head of our tiny section (really just a point person) and I had and had asked what I needed to do to get there in performance reviews etc. In the reviews given by my boss, they were glowing and he never gave me anything to improve on despite me asking about areas I could learn and grow to help our company but rather just said it was all good and he didn't know what the future held. It turns out no women under him in any department has ever been promoted despite usually having better work and credentials than their promoted colleagues. So, in the end, he wanted someone who would never ever question him or suggest improvements who also happened to be a man.
On my way out, one of the C suite execs came to ask me why I was leaving as they thought I did fabulous work and they were really sorry to see me go and were going to miss me. I did not tell them the real reason why (though I wish I had in hindsight) as I didn't want to jeopardize my husband's job who also worked under my boss. (We were in completely different departments and he always did good work too so we are 99 % sure none of this had anything to do with that). If it got back to my boss that I had gotten him in trouble he could have made life ugly for my husband in retaliation.
I hate to disappoint all of you (trust me, this is a big life regret for me too), but I never confronted him on it. I sent in this letter too late to use Alison's script and I had already moved on. I ultimately decided not to say something because my boss is the type of person who would have flipped it around on me and gaslighted me. I honestly think he would have denied the message existed. He was not a healthy person.
I took the fellowship and have since completed it. I have a new job that I love with an extremely supportive boss. He wants us to work on professional development and he regularly appreciates our hard work and gives constructive feedback. Additionally, my new company is AWESOME. They truly care about employees as human beings and go above and beyond.
I kept in contact with several people at the company after I left. It turns out Boss got called in by the board for a review shortly after I left. He announced his retirement soon after and took a lower position to "transition out" a few months after that. To the rest of the company he is simply retiring, but I know from some colleagues who are part of the higher up board that he did not willingly retire. In a way I have to thank him because I got an amazing opportunity I never would have considered otherwise and now am working a job I actually love, that challenges and respects me.
You may also like:my boss sent a chat message I wasn't supposed to see — but it popped up on a shared screenI shared a complaint about a coworker with her manager — and then she shared my complaint with that personI saw my employee's X-rated chat
update: my boss sent a chat message I wasn't supposed to see — but it popped up on a shared screen was originally published by Alison Green on Ask a Manager.
Read more: askamanager.org
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
| 6,237
|
Selecting and building procedure codes is faster and easier with Carol J. Buck's 2018 ICD-10-PCS: Professional Edition. Designed by coders for coders, this full-color manual includes all the ICD-10-PCS codes that you need for today's inpatient procedure coding. As coders need extensive knowledge to code with ICD-10-PCS — and to choose from the thousands of possible codes — this edition provides colorful Netter's Anatomy illustrations and tables organized to simplify the process of choosing and building procedure codes. It comes with durable spiral binding, and also includes a companion website with the latest coding news and updates.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 3,154
|
Giving your team a voice is one of the main reasons why a regular all-hands meeting should be run. Still, for many employees, it is just another meeting to sit through.
So, how do you organize an all-hands meeting that your team members will actually look forward to?
We have put together for you this easily digestible, easy-to-read guide, that collects 25 actionable tips on how to organize more engaging all-hands meetings in your company.
They're all tried and tested, either by us or by leaders in the industry.
An all-hands meeting is a space where your employees have the chance to express themselves and have a direct, face-to-face conversation with their leaders. For this to happen, it has to provide them with enough opportunities for engagement and personal interaction.
The first chapter of this guidebook contains a handful of simple tricks on how to engage and energize your team at an all-hands by celebrating and acknowledging their professional and personal highlights.
If your team is spread across the world, an all-hands meeting is a perfect opportunity to engage your remote colleagues and make them feel part of the team. Sometimes, this can be a real challenge.
In the second part of this guide, we have collected some useful tips on tools and facilitation techniques that will help you actively engage your remote team members. Find out how to make it easier for them to participate and help them make the most out of every all-hands meeting.
A good Q&A is probably the most important part of an all-hands meeting. Whether on-site or online, your employees will surely want to ask questions and raise their concerns.
In the last chapter of the guide, you will find tricks to better handle the entire Q&A flow, improve the level of transparency in your company and make sure important issues get discussed.
So, here are our top 25 tips to engage your employees at your next all-hands meeting. View them in a slideshow below or download them as a practical guidebook. We hope you will find them inspiring and instructive.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 9,574
|
Tavern of the Taegeuk Warriors
News and Opinion on all things Korean football
K League Salaries & Club Payrolls: An Analysis (2017)
In the Numbers: Korea's 2018 World Cup Squad
Korean Football Reform
Community Engagement and Marketing
K League Attendance
Military Conscription
Toulon 2018
KNT Stock Watch
Call-ups & Results
Korean Players Abroad
KPA List
Lee Seung-woo
Ki Sung-yueng
Lee Kang-in
Suk Hyun-jun
Koo Ja-cheol
Ji Dong-won
Paik Seung-ho
Lee Chung-yong
Kwon Chang-hoon
Transfer Zone
Lee Jae-sung
Tavern Interview: KICKiT Football
Victory Tour: the Rebirth of the Korean Women's National Team
Victory Tour: The Dreams of the Korean Women's National Team
Tavern Interview: Caitlyn Schrepfer
On Anchor
Roy Ghim
Jae Chee
Jinseok
Nicole Chung
Michael Hyun Welch
Kevin Kim
Chi Soo Park
Roy's Story
Breaking News: Asan Mugunghwa to Disband
November 19, 2018 Michael Welch *Domestic*, K League Challenge 0
Photo Credit: Joongdo Ilbo
What seemed likely to happen a few weeks ago has finally been confirmed by the K League: Asan Mugunghwa FC, the 2018 K League 2 Champions, will not be promoted to K League 1 next season. Instead, Seongnam FC, the K League 2 runners-up, will take the automatic promotion spot in their place. For an understanding of how we got to this point, take a look at my previous article explaining the political causes of this decision here.
What does this mean for the K League?
For the K League, the uncertainty of how the K League 2 promotion system would work has finally been resolved. Seongnam FC, one of the most successful K League clubs, will move back to the top division after 3 seasons in K League 2. The promotion playoffs will feature three teams, starting with the 4th and 5th place playoff between Daejeon Citizen and Gwangju FC. The winner of that match will travel to Busan IPark FC. Finally, the ultimate winner of the playoffs contests a two-legged final with the 11th placed team in the K League 1, currently Incheon United FC (my favorite team). If the K League 1 side wins, they keep their place in the top division in a similar fashion to the Bundesliga's playoff final.
What happens to Asan?
This is really hard for the fans of Asan Mugunghwa FC and its previous iteration, Ansan Mugunghwa FC. 2 years ago, Ansan Mugunghwa FC won the K League 2 (then called the K League Challenge) but were also denied promotion because of their intention to relocate after the season. The relocation then was because the club wanted to be closer to the National Police Academy's main campus. After the relocation, Ansan formed a new citizens club called Ansan Greeners FC, which now competes in the K League 2. It seems like Asan is also planning to go this route. At the moment, Asan and South Chungcheong Province have held policy meetings to work on converting the police team into a citizens team. The Asan fans have organized a "Citizens Club Foundation" to support the move and it is hoped that the team could begin play in the K League 2 as early as next season. It seems that the Asan city government will officially run the team but will get some form of financial support from the South Chungcheong provincial government.
What about the players?
This still seems a bit unclear. There will be 14 players that will not have completed their military duty by the end of the season. This group includes Ju Sejong, currently on national team duty, and Lee Myungjoo, who has played for the national team in the past. What exactly do they do now? Will they have to try to transfer to Sangju Sangmu FC to finish their duty? Will the military grant them a special exemption? We'll have to wait and see on this.
What does this mean for the national team growth?
It's quite simple: it will now be as important as ever for young players to win military exemption. This will obviously heap pressure on the Asian Games and Olympics as never before. With Sangju Sangmu as a player's only remaining option to play professionally during their military duty, competition for spots on that roster will be fierce.
In terms of the KFA itself, it will be interesting to see how exactly they respond to this setback. Will they push the military to start a new team in the K League 2 to replace Asan? Will they lobby the military to reform the system so that there could be more ways to earn an exemption? For example, a possibility worth exploring is what the KFA does if Korea were to lift the Asian Cup this January. On that roster could be players like Ju Sejong, Jung Seunghyun, Park Jisoo, and Suk Hyunjun, none of whom have served their military duty. Would the KFA ask for the military to grant a special exemption to those players on the squad who hadn't previously earned an exemption?
The disbandment of Asan Mugunghwa FC is certainly not good news for the KFA. It will be interesting to see how they plan to respond in the coming months. If you have questions about this situation, get active in the comments!
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About Michael Welch 89 Articles
That Halfie Korean-American who loves football (I mean, soccer).
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Home #Entertainment 'Sri Thyagaraya Gana Sabha' – A 'Treasure Trove Of Telugu Culture' In...
'Sri Thyagaraya Gana Sabha' – A 'Treasure Trove Of Telugu Culture' In Hyderabad
Vishwanath Reddy
The oldest two-storied temple complex – a platform to promote Telugu language – Sri Tyagaraja Gana Sabha. Set in an area of approximately 2,000 sq yards, with one humongous statue of a 32-foot Lord Hanuman greeting you at the entrance, surrounded by trees and music vibrating through its hallways, Sri Thyagaraya Gana Sabha is a cultural treasure chest in itself.
At first glance, it resembles a two-storied temple building as the premises houses a temple of Sri Thyagaraja. But, it has much more to it than just that. "Established in 1966, the organisation's sole aim is to promote Telugu language art and culture throughout," says Bandi Srinivas, Administrative Manager of Sri Thyagaraya Gana Sabha. What started off with just one auditorium now grew to a set of 5. The premises houses two auditoriums with a seating capacity of 100, and two more that can seat 50 people at a time, while the main auditorium is equipped to accommodate a total of 700 people at a stretch.
ALSO READ: Health Is Wealth, But Where Is The Minimum Wealth To Create Health?
When asked about the reason behind naming the organisation after Saint Thyagaraya, he said, "Thyagaraya is one of the most highly-celebrated composers of Carnatic music. His devotion of Lord Rama and the dedication and love he had for music is much talked about. By naming the organisation after him, we hope to hold on to his essence of music and the level of dedication he had."
"Symbolically also, the name gives people a clear idea about the nature of the organisation and the kind of events that take place here," he added.
When asked about the nature of events that the Gana Sabha hosts, Srinivas said, "Mainly, it's music, dance and literature-related events that take place in the premises, like cultural dance shows, mainly Kuchipudi and Bharatanatyam, classical music recitals and performances, and book launches, skits depicting mythology."
ALSO READ: Delegates In The 'TRS Plenary' To Get 'Special Telangana Treat'
But, the organisation has now expanded its horizons and now stage plays of not just mythological origins but also on various other concepts, cultural and annual days of schools, meetings or gatherings of smaller organisations, etc.
An interesting fact about the place is that the entire premises, auditoriums and hallways alike, are filled with oil paintings. While some depict stories from Hindu mythology like Lord Narasimha slaying the demon Hiranyakashyapa, Lord Krishna, along with Radha and his gopikas, a recreation of the Ram-Sita wedding etc., a few others are portraits of musical stalwarts like Thyagaraya, Meera Bai, Annamayya, Muthuswami Dikshitar, Tulasi Das, Bhakta Tukaram, MS Subbulakshmi, and Ghantasala. Yet other portraits show the 23 Bharat Ratna awardees. Apart from these are the portraits of people who were responsible for the growth of Telugu as a language like Sri Krishna Devarayayulu, and Gidugu Ram Murthy.
ALSO READ: Mass Copying And Impersonation Rampant In Osmania University Colleges In Telangana
Explaining the reason behind housing so many oil paintings, Srinivas said, "The reason is a simple one. To inform and educate people, especially the younger generation, about the culture and heritage of the land. We also see it as an excellent opportunity to honour all these extraordinary people for their contributions."
"For programmes that are musical, dance or literary in nature, the mini auditoriums are available free of cost. This is all because of our chairman, Kala VS Janardhan Murthy. Within a short span of time, he has made some commendable changes that only increased the credibility and quality of the services we provided here," he added.
Having said that, the organisation has a lot of ideas in place that require monetary assistance from either the public or government or both and, therefore, is open for donations. #KhabarLive
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Embarking on the journey of building a home is not a decision made lightly, and often the most helpful thing to do is talk to people who have done it all before.
- An informative tutorial about best practices in modular building.
- Assistance with research and planning.
- A tour of our factory to discover how homes are built.
- Access to our display homes and design gallery to view the extensive assortment of standard inclusions and optional upgrades.
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Tennessee Valley Civil War Round Table
Education and Preservation
Little Round Tables
Past Round Tables
Stones River Field Trip, October of 2017
Conferences/Symposium
North Alabama Civil War Generals
The Civil War in Huntsville
Books published prior to 2014
That Furious Struggle: Chancellorsville and the High Tide of the Confederacy, May 1-4, 1863,
by Chris Mackowski and Kristopher D. White
El Dorado Hills: Savas Beatie, 2014
Review by Emil L. Posey
That Furious Struggle by by Chris Mackowski
Chancellorsville is a classic in the study not only of the Civil War and military history in general, but also of leadership, risk-taking, and military tactics.
The First Battle of Manassas (Bull Run) on July 21, 1861, had shown that indeed there would be large-scale, open war between north and south. The Battle of Shiloh (April 6-7, 1862) had shown that the war would be long, hard-fought, and bloody. And as the 1863 campaign season got underway, with major battles already having been fought in all theaters, the war appeared to stretch indefinitely into the future.
Thus the armies of Robert E. Lee the Army of Northern Virginia, and Joseph "Fighting Joe" Hooker the Army of the Potomac faced each other in April-May, 1863, across the Rappahannock River in a thickly-wooded region known as "the Wilderness" west of Fredericksburg. The Army of the Potomac was the Union's premier maneuver force in the Eastern Theater. Steeped in the theories of Antoine-Henri Jomini (as were all that had attended West Point before the war), Union leadership looked to the east (principally Virginia) as the critical theater of war. Several times the Army of the Potomac had sought decisive victory in major set-piece battles. And despite not yet having achieved victory, Major General Hooker intended to have another go at it. As with his predecessors, he was confident of victory (and admittedly, his, was a good plan of maneuver), yet he was just as unsuccessful as they had been. What makes this battle particularly interesting was that General Lee had absented a major portion of his force (First Corps, under Lieutenant General James B. Longstreet) south to Suffolk, Virginia and nearby parts of North Carolina to forage for food and supplies for the Army of Northern Virginia. Thus General Lee and a reduced Army of Northern Virginia faced a reinvigorated AoP and, making great use of Lieutenant General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson, had to execute some truly brilliant tactics to once again defeat it.
Mackowski and White capture the battle with a concise, yet reasonably detailed description of the engagements, supporting movements, and the key personalities, including an excellent description of the wounding of Jackson. The writing is generally crisp and effective, and is supported by maps of sufficient detail to allow the reader to understand the action. There are a large number of photos and diagrams from the time, as well as more current photos of the terrain that will facilitate touring the battlefield, although some of these are dark with resultant loss of detail. The book includes five appendices on related topics, a detailed order of battle for both sides down to regimental and battery level, and a suggested reading list for further study.
All in all, this is a good primer on the campaign. But it is more than that. The book's strength is its battlefield tour guide. Interwoven into the text, it will facilitate the planning of personal and professional tours of all or parts of the battle area, particularly for families with elementary through high school children who want to walk and see the ground over the course of a two or three-day weekend, perhaps with evening readings as a review of the coming day's tour. The Chancellorsville battlefield is a beautiful piece of ground and would make for a great family outing. Mackowski's and White's book would provide an ideal supplement.
Your reviewer is Emil L. Posey, the Interim Vice President as well as the Communications Officer for the TVCWRT. His work history spans almost 45 years, of military and civilian service to our country. He retired from NASA/George C. Marshall Space Flight Center on December 27, 2014. He has a bachelor's degree in Political Science from Hood College, Frederick, Maryland; is a former president of the Huntsville chapter of the National Contract Management Association, and is a life member of the Special Forces Association. He is also a member of Elks Lodge 1648 (Huntsville, AL) and the Tennessee Valley Genealogical Society. He is a dedicated bibliophile, and is a (very) armchair political analyst and military enthusiast.
View Tennessee-Valley-Civil-War-Round-Table-188342877864862's profile on Facebook
View @TVCWRT's profile on Twitter
725 Franklin St. SE
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RT: 2nd Thursday at 6:30pm
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Ру́хань — деревня в Смоленской области России, в Ершичском районе. Расположена в южной части области в 18,5 км к юго-востоку от Ершичей, в 1,5 км к западу от границы с Брянской областью, на правом берегу реки Ипуть. Существовала на карте Рославльского уезда 1790-х годов.
Население — 219 жителей (2019 год). Административный центр Руханского сельского поселения.
Экономика
Средняя школа, 2 магазина.
Достопримечательности
Городище и курганная группа (27 насыпей) в 1,6 км к югу от деревни.
Сельский клуб, живописная природа речки Ипуть
Ссылки
Сведения на сайте областной администрации
Населённые пункты Ершичского района
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MAKE PLANS TO VISIT CAMPUS OR MEET US ON THE ROAD!
We invite you to attend an Open House event or arrange to visit campus to take a tour, attend a class, and start getting to know our community. Check out our schedule of Open House events, or plan to see us when we are on the road at an event near you. It's always a good time to visit us on the river. If you cannot attend an Open House, please contact the Office of Admission to schedule a visit. Explore local lodging and dining options.
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Statutes of Limitations in New Jersey - Tomes & Hanratty, P.C.
If you have been injured in an accident that was caused by the negligence of another party, you may want to consider bringing a personal injury lawsuit against the liable party. Sometimes, people hesitate to bring a lawsuit for an extended period of time after the accident out of fear that they cannot afford the legal fees associated or they do not want to cause any trouble. This is especially true if they need to file a claim against a friend or relative. One thing that people don't realize is that personal injury attorneys are often paid on a contingency basis. This means that the attorney is only paid if they recover an award. The payment is often taken out of the award that is recovered.
It is crucial that if you are injured in a personal injury accident and are considering bringing a lawsuit against the negligent party, you do not hesitate for too long. Anyone who wishes to bring a lawsuit is subject to the statutes of limitations. This is simply a deadline by which individuals must file their lawsuit. In New Jersey, an injured party has to file a claim within two years of the date of the accident. If you fail to do so within that time frame, the state will not allow you to bring a lawsuit. If you simply don't file a claim, you may be subject to very significant financial burdens that could have been eased by compensation obtained during the case.
It is also important to be aware that if you were injured due to the negligence of a municipality, you may be required to file a Notice of Claim. This is a similar concept to the statutes of limitations but it is just to notify a municipality that you plan to bring a lawsuit. An experienced personal injury attorney can help you determine whether this is applicable to your case.
If you have been the victim of another party's negligence in New Jersey, contact our firm today for quality legal guidance when it matters most. Our firm is prepared to compassionately and effectively help you navigate the legal process and recover an award on your behalf.
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Cloud contact center solutions are no longer the wave of the future. They are the wave of today.
Widespread adoption is well underway, and cloud contact centers are revolutionizing the customer service capabilities of companies of all sizes. Smaller organization especially now have access to full contact center functionality just like large enterprises, and at a price point they can afford.
Regardless of the size of your contact center or whether you are using a premise or cloud contact center solution, compliance requirements remain the same, and so does the risk associated with violating these regulations. When your contact center agents, sales reps, collectors or support representatives speak with customers, prospects or payers on the telephone, they are subject to a variety of rules which must be followed, or your organization can face substantial fines and penalties. With Europe's GDPR and MiFID II privacy regulations, for example, one violation can cost your organization 4% and 10% of worldwide annual revenue, respectively. A single violation of PCI-DSS in the U.S. can result in lost credit card merchant capabilities, which can easily cripple an organization.
Take a short expedition through these key findings, intertwined with unique comics, to bring a smile to your face as you learn about the latest cloud adoption trends.
European governmental regulation which stipulates when an organization can and cannot record a call. For instance, you may record during the fulfillment of a contract; imposed by the European Commission.
United States industry regulation which mandates what can and cannot be stored in a telephone recording. For example, a customer's credit card or pin number cannot be captured in a call recording; imposed by leading U.S. credit card companies.
United States governmental regulation which mandates which private health information must be left out of a call recording and cannot be stored; imposed by the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services.
United States regulation which stipulates what information must be disclosed by the agent, such as the identity of the seller and that the call is a sales call; imposed by U.S. Federal Trade Commission.
Unites States regulation which regulates which pieces of information a mortgage broker or credit union must disclose to prospects and customers, such as the full terms of the proposed loan and all the specifics surrounding the interest rate; imposed by U.S. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
Contact Centers which fall under one or more of these regulations can benefit greatly from deploying robust call recording functionality within their cloud contact center environment. Compliance call recording helps managers monitor what is and is not being said on the telephone and allows quality supervisors to review calls with agents to ensure proper compliance. Compliance call recording (aka Total Recording) captures every single call the contact center makes and stores these interactions securely for later recall and replay when necessary to resolve a dispute or prove compliance.
Kevin has been working in the contact center field for 15 years, helping companies like OrecX address the growing and diverse needs of customers across all industries.
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Sweet Potato Toast Bruschetta! This is one of the easiest and tastiest appetizer recipes I've made in a long time. The crazy part is that you cook the sweet potato slices in your toaster. Whaaaat?
Sweet potato toast is blowing up the internet. Okay, that's a bit of hyperbole, it's not really blowing up the WWW, but it is popping up all over Pinterest. I've been meaning to post this recipe for a few weeks, but other things, like this, and this, got in the way. Two sweet posts in a row is unusual for me, and now it's out of my system. Today it's back to healthy, colorful, and easy treats. Sound good?
If you haven't seen toast made out of sweet potato slices, you're probably wondering how do you make toast out of a potato, am I right? That was my first thought when I started seeing this idea on Pinterest. My second thought was that it would ruin my toaster because the sugar would drip all over the bottom of it. However, curiosity got the best of me, and I had to take that risk. I'm so happy that I did, because this is one of the easiest ways to make sweet potatoes, and, it didn't do any harm to my beloved appliance.
The thin slices of sweet potato take about three (3 minute) cycles to toast to a soft, yet firm texture. They turned out roasted, with a few blackened caramelized spots on them. They were solid enough to hold other ingredients on top, and soft enough to eat without a fight. I have to admit, I was skeptical when I first heard about them, but now I'm a convert.
This easy sweet potato bruschetta recipe took me about 15 minutes to whip up. All you'll need to do is peel and slice a large sweet potato. I sliced the pieces about a half an inch thick lengthwise. Once they're sliced, put as many as will fit into your toaster and toast them until they're easily pierced with a fork, yet firm enough to stay together when you put toppings on them. When they're almost done they'll most likely have started to brown in spots.
While the sweet potato slices are toasting, make the shallot, spinach, and garlic topping.
Top the toasts with the topping and sprinkle a bit of vegan ricotta cheese (I used Kite Hill), sea salt, and pepper on top, and enjoy a savory and healthy snack.
This is definitely the kind of appetizer that I will serve at my next get together, it's also great for a quick lunch or afternoon snack. If you want to make a big batch at once you can put the sweet potato slices on a cookie sheet and roast in a 400° oven for approximately 15 minutes. Make sure you flip them mid-way through roasting.
Give this easy, vibrant, and delicious savory sweet potato toast recipe a try, and let me know what you think. I'd love to hear from you.
An easy, gluten-free, healthy, and delicious appetizer.
Peel and slice the sweet potato lengthwise into 1/2 inch thick pieces.
Toast in your toaster until they're easy to pierce with a fork, yet firm enough to hold other ingredients.Approximately 8 to 10 minutes.
While the potatoes are toasting, heat the oil in a large skillet on medium heat. When the oil is hot add the shallots and cook until they're caramelized. Approximately 5 minutes. Add the spinach and garlic and cook until the spinach turns a dark green and begins to wilt. Approximately 2 minutes.
Top the sweet potato toast with the shallot and spinach mixture and grind sea salt and black pepper on top to taste. Sprinkle with vegan ricotta.
If you want to make a large batch you can roast the sweet potatoes in a 400° oven for approximately 15 minutes. Flip once while roasting. Double or triple the topping ingredients depending on how much you're making.
I love the versatility of this!
Little Miss Sunshine up there...do you always rain on people's parades!? I have never before heard of or seen this way of serving up sweet potatoes and I am sure to give it a try. Always looking for new and creative ways of preparing the foods I eat a lot of differently Thanks for this post, LINDA!
Thank you, Elizabeth! I'm happy to help. I used up three sweet potatoes in the last four days, each day I top them with something different. I'm loving this way of preparing them. I don't think Rebecca meant any disrespect, it's just not her cup of tea.
Such a cool idea to switch up the sweet potatoes instead of bread! Looks delicious!
I think so too. :) Thanks Mary Ellen.
This is so interesting and looks wonderful, thanks! I have not tried Kite Hill products yet and clearly I need to!
It's a great way to make sweet potatoes if you're in a hurry. No need to bake or boil. Kite Hill and Treeline are two of my favorite vegan cheese brands.
I am overall not a huge sweet potato fan but I love it in french fries and roasted! It's just too "wet" for me in other forms, so I could totally get on board with it as toast! I love the caramelized onion and spinach topping too. Some of my favorites!
I love them, but I can totally see what you mean about them being "wet." I think you'd like them prepared this way. Thanks, Sophia!
I think this is a great trend! I love the idea of packing more veggies in the day. These would be fun for breakfast, too.
I've never thought to put sweet potatoes in the toaster oven, but great idea. Love a good time saver!
Yum! We enjoy potato and sweet potato slices like this often. I call the planks, but your bruschetta name is WAY more elegant :) And that topping looks to die for!
Ooh these look so good! Any excuse to spring for Kite Hill ricotta!
Thank you, Becky! I spring for Kite Hill at least once a month, the best!
Love this idea! So many people these days are looking for bread alternatives and what could be better than replacing it with a superfood. I think this would be a big party hit!
Learned new way of eating sweet potatoes:) Thanks for the recipe.
I am a huge lover of all things sweet potato so really need to try this. I had no idea it would cook so quickly in the toaster. Perfect for a quick lunch. I might even try it tomorrow!
I still haven't tried sweet potato toast. That needs to change very soon!
I've never seen anyone actually toast their sweet potato slices but I just think thats a great idea. How creative and what a healthier option.
Oh yum, these sound delicious! I have heard about toasting sweet potato slices in the toaster, but have yet to try it - will have to now!!
Do it! :) I put peanut butter and cinnamon on them the other day for breakfast, SO good.
oh wow! I had no idea sweet potato toast was becoming a thing! I've been having it for the past 2 months when i was trying to avoid gluten...at least twice for breakfast every week and love it! So much that i have a simple recipe coming...but I've only ever had my simple combo...so looks like i'll have to try this recipe soon! Looks delicious with the greens!
What a terrific recipe! It's great to have a bruschetta option for us gluten free peeps. Plus it's a delicious way to get your beta carotene and fiber, not to mention the terrific pop of orange color. Sure beats the pale white bread! Thanks!!
This is such an easy recipe and looks so tasty, Linda! I need to get on the sweet potato toast train! YUM!
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With almost all the major cellphone and PDA manufacturers offering state-of-the-art wireless networking services these days you're never really THAT away from the cyberspace. But there still are unfortunate times when your service provider's connectivity just gives way and if you have luck as sucky as mine, it probably happens when you need it the most. That's why I'm just so much in love with this wonderful new WIFI Desk from LIFEGOODS. The basic function of the desk is to provide users a petite semi-private space where they can take a break, take notes or even check their email and that too in the middle of a public space. It's much better than having to lug around a laptop and it also rids you of locating cyber cafes or worse still, trying to find a strong connection on your cellphone or PDA. The thing exists for the time being as a concept only, but I certainly see the potential of it becoming a reality soon.
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CaloriesCount.com Gives Sarah a New Lease on Life!
Despite gaining nearly 50 pounds in the three years following her college graduation, it was a late night health scare that served as Sarah's wake up call.
After waking up in pain and unable to breathe, Sarah immediately made an appointment with a doctor. Her diagnosis? Severe acid reflux. With her cholesterol hovering over the 250 mark – and a family history of chronic heartburn and early heart disease – Sarah decided it was time to change her unhealthy ways.
"I was tired of being overweight and this was the motivation I needed to kick my depression," said Sarah, now 27. "I signed up for CaloriesCount.com the day I had my doctor's appointment and never looked back."
A quick search for an online weight loss support site led her to CaloriesCount.com. And in the 17 months since she joined, she's shed nearly 60 pounds, has gone from a size 14-16 to a comfortable size 6 and now weighs a healthy 135 pounds.
Sarah religiously keeps a food diary, something she started early in her weight loss efforts. Her favorite part of the program, though, has been the message boards. The online support group, she says, has been instrumental in her success. "We sign in every day and check in with each other. And we have a weekly weigh-in. It's very helpful."
Since joining CaloriesCount.com, Sarah has also lowered her cholesterol and through portion control, has been able cut down on her heartburn and acid reflux episodes. She has also discovered an aptitude for cooking – whipping up appetizing meals and finding ways to modify recipes in order to reduce calories.
Although she no longer dreads trying on clothes, Sarah said her svelte shape is only one part of her success story. Actually, a sunnier, improved attitude has been the best outcome of her weight loss experience. Unlike many, Sarah never battled weight as a youth. Instead, it wasn't until her early 20s that the pounds started piling on. She attributes the weight gain to depression.
"The three years that I was overweight were probably the worst of my life," she said. "I didn't have as much energy. I was crankier and I was depressed. The depression made me gain weight, and gaining weight made me depressed, so I think it was a horrible, vicious cycle. I now have a body I didn't even know I could have. I have so much more energy and I'm happier."
What is her advice to others? Be patient, Sarah says. Use the tools available at CaloriesCount.com and don't blow off exercise.
Sarah's beginning exercise regimen consisted of hitting the gym every other day. She started with 25 minutes of cardio and 20 minutes of lifting. Today however, she hits the gym five or six times a week, combining 40 or more minutes of cardio with at least 30 minutes of weights. On the days she doesn't make it to the fitness center, she takes long walks or does Pilates at home.
Weight loss and physical fitness, Sarah warns, will not happen overnight. "Many people want results immediately and if they don't see them, they give up. Remember that it took you a long time to get where you are and it will take longer to undo it. Finally, you must find a way to fit exercise into your daily routine. It's important for your health and your success."
Throughout her CaloriesCount.com membership Sarah has experienced various weight loss and health-related milestones. However, Sarah said one of the biggest accomplishments was fitting into a size 8 wedding dress in time for her October 2006 nuptials. "I wanted to look good. And I did!"
The staff at CaloriesCount.com is glad we could help give Sarah a wonderful wedding gift – the best gift of all, the gift of health!
Read More Testimonials from CaloriesCount.com Members
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
| 9,969
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Hey! It's throw back Thursday so I'm reaching back to a class we did in 2014 when a student wanted to do Marty from Madagascar. Our next fabulous cake sculpting class starts on November 4th here in our shop near Seattle. It's 2 weeks of sculpting fun!!!!! Email us at cakes@mikesamazingcakes.com for all the details.
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 5,180
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Who is responsible for the mystery apology seen by thousands of drivers a day at a busy Manchester roundabout?
The scrawled message on sheet has sparked a lot of speculation
Beth Abbit
This apology has been scrawled on a white sheet and attached to a roundabout in Wythenshawe
This mystery sign has appeared on a Manchester roundabout.
The large stained white sheet has been scrawled with the words 'I love you and I'm so sorry x'.
It has been attached to railings and placed on the Sharston roundabout, just off the M56 in Wythenshawe.
This apology has been scrawled on a white sheet and attached to a roundabout in Wythenshawe. Picture by Mark Andrew.
It is not known who created the banner, which appears to have been fashioned from a white bedsheet.
Even less is known about the reason for the apologetic declaration, which has drawn the attention of passing drivers.
The Sharston roundabout in Wythenshawe
One motorist snapped a picture of the makeshift sign on Wednesday after spotting it as he drove through the south Manchester suburb.
He said: "This sign has appeared on Sharston roundabout on Wythenshawe, just as you come off the motorway.
"It looks like someone is very sorry for maybe what they have done, or worse, what they are going to do. Who knows?"
Are you responsible for the mystery apology? Or was it aimed at you? Let us know by emailing newsdesk@men-news.co.uk, calling us on 0161 211 2323, tweeting us @MENnewsdesk or messaging us on our Facebook page . You can also send us a story tip using the form here .
Sharston
National newsBoy, 10, stabbed in random street attack as he walked with mum in LeicesterPolice are searching for the man who ran up and stabbed the boy, early on Saturday evening
Real Life'I was a single mum, severely overweight, bald, with one boob... I was scared for my children's future'Worsley mum was 'too overweight' for a breast rebuild...now she's four and a half stone lighter thanks to Slimming World
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
| 107
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"Suggestion Schemes" are being operated in many progressive industrial undertakings in the country for the last several years. These " Schemes" operate on plant wide basis. Good suggestions leading to outstanding achievement or good performance on the part of workers in increasing productivity, quality, safety, working conditions, import substitution etc. are suitably rewarded by the Management at the enterprise level with financial & non-financial incentives including prizes & citation. The quantum of the prize money is generally related to the anticipated annual savings in the cost of production, resulting from the implementation of the suggestion at the plant level.
With the growing tempo of industrialization, it was considered desirable to provide for public recognition of outstanding achievement on the part of the workers, at the national level, so that, the workers could feel that they were accorded a place similar to that of other recipient of Rashtriya Puraskars for outstanding achievements in the other walks of life. The Government of India, Ministry of Labour & Employment has, therefore, instituted Vishwakarma Rashtriya Puraskar Scheme (previously known as Shram Vir National Awards) in the year 1965 for rewarding & recognizing the efforts of workers from the industrial undertakings at the national level. Since then this scheme has been in operation. This scheme is applicable for workers employed in the factories & docks.
The scheme is open to such Industrial Undertakings where Suggestion Schemes in the form of Quality Circles, General Suggestion Scheme, Safety Suggestion Scheme, Kaizen Schemes & Small Group Activities etc. are in operation. Suggestions accepted by the management and adopted during the previous calendar year in respect of any of the following qualify for the consideration of Vishwakarma Rashtriya Puraskar (VRP).
8. Making general working environment safe.
Each year applications are invited in the prescribed format for the grant of awards through advertisement in important national & local newspapers. Respective managements of the organization where these suggestion schemes are in operation are required to send the applications on behalf of the workers. The accepted applications are evaluated by both Internal and External Evaluation Committees consisting of Three Experts in each with specialization in Mech. Engg./Production Engg./ Indust.Engg./ Elect.Engg./Chemical Engg./Ergonomics/Envir. Engg/General Magt. The applications so evaluated by both the Committees are adjudged by a Tripartite Awards Committee appointed by the Ministry of Labour & Employment, Government of India, solely on the basis of their technical ability and expertise. The Tripartite Awards Committee consists of representatives from Government, Employers & Employees.
The VishwaKarma Rashtriya Puraskar (VRP) for each Performance Year will be granted to the awardees by the Hon'ble Union Labour & Employment Minister, Govt. of India at a special function to be held in New Delhi. Usually, the function is held each year on 17th September to coincide with the Vishwakarma Day.
To give recognition to good safety performance on the part of Industrial Establishments and to stimulate and maintain the interest of both the managements and the workers in accident prevention and safety promotion programmes, the Government of India instituted National Safety Awards(NSA) in the year 1965. Initially the NSA was instituted for factories registered under the Factories Act, 1948 which work One million man-hours or more during the contest year. From the year 1971, separate schemes were introduced for factories working less than One million manhours and also for Ports. From the year 1978 two more schemes were introduced for factories working more than one lakh and less than two and half lacs manhours during each year of the contest period. Further, the schemes which existed prior to 1978 were modified in 1978 as per the decision of the Awards Committee specially constituted for this purpose by the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Govt. of India. At present there are twelve schemes whose details are furnished as below. These schemes are operated by the Directorate General Factory Advice Service and Labour Institutes (DGFASLI), Mumbai, under the Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India.
The Schemes I to X are applicable to the Factories registered under the Factories Act, 1948, Construction Sites under the Building & Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and Installations under Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB). The Schemes XI to XII are applicable to establishments under Ports.
(iii) No. of total permanent disabled cases per million manhours worked multiplied by ten.
There is one winner and one runner-up in each of the 15 groups of industries as given in the Schedule which has worked the largest number of manhours, without any fatal/non-fatal accident/total permanent disability during the performance year. Each awardee will be presented with a shield and a certificate of merit.
There is one Winner and one Runner-up in each of the 11 Groups of industries as given in the Schedule which achieve the lowest average weighted accident frequency rate over a period of three preceding consecutive years ending with the performance year. Each awardee will be presented with a shield and a certificate of merit.
There is one winner and one runner-up in each of the 11 groups of industries as given in the Schedule which has worked the largest number of manhours, without any fatal/non-fatal accident/total permanent disability during the performance year. Each awardee will be presented with a shield and a certificate of merit.
FOR FACTORIES/CONSTRUCTION SITES/INSTALLATIONS UNDER AERB, WORKING LESS THAN ONE QUARTER MILLION MANHOURS SUBJECT TO MINIMUM OF ONE LAKH MANHOURS.
FOR FACTORIES/CONSTRUCTION SITES/INSTALLATIONS UNDER AERB, WORKING LESS THAN ONE LAKH MANHOURS SUBJECT TO MINIMUM OF FIFTY THOUSAND MANHOURS.
Provides for the grant of three awards to employer handling any cargo, except bulk oil on board the ship who achieves the lowest average weighted frequency rate of accidents over a period of three consecutive years ending in the performance year. One award is for employers who work a minimum of 1,00,000 man-hours(Group A) during each of the three consecutive years ending in the performance year. The second award is for employers who work a minimum of 50,000 manhours but less than 1,00,000 manhours(Group B) and the third award is for employers who work a minimum of 25,000 manhours but less than 50,000(Group C) manhours during each of the three consecutive years. Under each group a shield is given to the winner and the runner-up. A certificate of merit is also given to the awards winners.
Provides for the grant of three awards for shore employers, including port authorities, who achieve the lowest average weighted frequency rate over a period of three consecutive years ending in the performance year. One award is for employers who work a minimum of 2,50,000 manhours(Group A) during each of the three consecutive years ending in the performance year. The second award is for employers who work a minimum of 1,00,000 manhours but less than 2,50,000 manhours (Group B) and the third award is for employers who work less than 1,00,000 manhours but subject to minimum of 25,000 manhours (Group C) during each of the three consecutive years. Under each group a shield is given to the winner and runner-up. A certificate of merit is also given to the awards winners.
Every year applications are invited in the prescribed form for the grant of the awards through advertisement in important national and regional newspapers. Organisations are required to apply for awards under each scheme as applicable to them. The applications are adjudged by Tripartite Awards Committee constituted for three years by the Ministry of Labour and consisting of not less than five members selected solely on the basis of their experience and technical ability. The decision of the Awards Committee is final with regard to the final result.
The National Safety Awards(NSA) for each Performance Year will be granted to the winners and Runners up by the Hon'ble Labour & Employment Minister, Govt. of India, in a special function to be held in New Delhi. Usually the function is held each year on 17th September to coincide with the Vishwakarma Day.
2. Manufacture of Paper & Paper Products, Publishing, Printing and Reproduction of Recorded Media.
6. Manufacture of Machinery & Equipment other than Electrical Machinery & apparatus.
7. Manufacture of Electrical Machinery and apparatus.
and optical instruments and watches and clocks.
10. Manufacture of Motor Vehicles, Trailers and Semi Trailers.
11. Manufacture of Basic Metals & Fabricated Metal Products Except Machinery & Equipment.
12. Manufacture of Non-Metallic Mineral Products.
13. Manufacture of Food Products and Beverages.
5. Manufacture of Non-Metallic Mineral Products.
6. Manufacture of Food Products & Beverages.
and optical Instruments, Watches and Clocks.
8. Manufacture of Machinery and Equipment except Electrical machinery.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 3,502
|
Q: label not showing text when passing data from Tabbed Page I am new to Xamarin... I have a problem when I want to show a description in a label. I have a listView with different items and when the user clicks in one item the app moves to a Tabbed Page with two main windows one for description and the other one for opinions. Here you have a diagram. photo
I pass the object from the item clicked to the Tabbed Page and from it I pass data to its children. Here is the code
---> Model
public class Item
{
public String name;
public String description;
public Double price;
public int stock;
public List<String> opinions;
public Item(String name, String description ,Double price, int stock, List<String> opinions)
{
this.name = name;
this.description = description;
this.price = price;
this.stock = stock;
this.opinions = opinions;
}
public override string ToString()
{
return this.name + " " + this.price + " $" + this.stock + " ud";
}
}
---> event handler to navigate to the TabPage once an item from listView is clicked.
private async void parent_listView_ItemSelected(object sender, SelectedItemChangedEventArgs e)
{
var item = (Item)e.SelectedItem;
//await Navigation.PushAsync(new TabPage(new Datos(itemList[e.SelectedItemIndex] ), new Opinions(itemList[e.SelectedItemIndex] )));
await Navigation.PushAsync(new TabPage(item));
}
----> How I get the data to the TabPage and send to its children.
public partial class TabPage : TabbedPage
{
Item item;
public TabPage(Item item)
{
InitializeComponent();
this.item = item;
inichildren(item);
}
private void inichildren(Item item)
{
Datos d = new Datos(item);
Opinions o = new Opinions(item);
}
}
---> Finally the Datos class where I am interested in.
public Datos()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
public Datos(Item i)
{
InitializeComponent();
lbl_description.Text = i.description.ToString();
lbl_item_price.Text = i.price.ToString();
}
Everything works fine and even I added some break point to see if I receive the data in Datos class and all labels variables seems to point to the right data. But the thing is that when I initialize the labels in the constructors no data appears on the screen....
I am new to Xamarin and don't have idea why this is happening. Many thanks for your help.
A: if you want to pass data to the child pages via the constructor, you will need to setup the pages in code, not XAML.
private void inichildren(Item item)
{
Datos d = new Datos(item);
Opinions o = new Opinions(item);
// since you are adding the child pages here, remove them from the TabbedPage XAML
this.Children.Add(d);
this.Children.Add(o);
}
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
}
| 1,793
|
Been approved for a DSA Laptop? If you're after a bit more power, a fully blown gaming notebook or something more light and portable we we have a great selection of notebook to choose from below.
Due to high demand we are currently only able to offer a maximum of 2 upgrade quotes per student.
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Here at iansyst we are an Apple Authorised Reseller and have access to the entire range of Apple devices plus all the innovative new accessories to go with them. Give us a call to discuss the options.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 416
|
Welcome About Retreats Heroes Award Our Stories Book Events Shop Inspiration
WelcomeAboutRetreatsHeroes Award
I Can. I Will.
Our StoriesBookEventsShopInspiration
Weekly Feature: Shruthi of Holiday at See
"Traveling leaves you speechless, then turns you into a storyteller. It gives you home in a thousand strange places, then leaves you a stranger in your own land."
— Ibn Battuta
I've been living and traveling in a 1987 Westfalia Vanagon GL for nearly three years now. My husband and I left Nashville, TN in April 2016 after both of our jobs allowed us the opportunity to work part-time and remote. We cruised around the United States, Canada and Mexico for about a year, took three months off and then set our sights on South America.
From July 2017 to January 2019, we drove the South American continent from Cartagena, Colombia to Ushuaia, Argentina before ending our trip in Montevideo, Uruguay. It was the most incredible and personal growth-inducing experience we've ever had! Next, we're planning on exploring more of Mexico, Guatemala and Belize before returning to the Western United States to revisit all of the places we loved and didn't get enough of.
Who or what inspired you to choose independent vehicle travel as your mode or transportation?
Peter has owned the van for over a decade now so having a mobile living-friendly vehicle already made the decision very easy for us. In 2015, we flew to Argentina to visit our friends Katie and Greg of Crepe Attack and stayed with them in their Westy for ten days while driving from Puerto Madryn to Buenos Aires. It was such a fun and inspiring experience that on the plane back to the United States, we made a pact to return to South America in our van.
Everyone always asks a traveller what their favourite country is. Do you have a favourite country? If not, what is a place that is special to you?
I honestly loved each country we drove through but Colombia and Argentina both hold a special place in my heart. Colombia stands out for me because that's where our South American travels began. It's an absolutely beautiful country with absolutely beautiful people. I was floored by how vibrant, exotic and delicious everything was! Argentina was the first South American country I ever visited and I fell totally in love with it from the start. Again, the people are what make Argentina so special to me — it's such a big and diverse country. My favorite parts of Argentina are the Northwest Corner, which is like the Wild West and Patagonian Argentina. The areas around Cafayate and El Chaltén were stunning!
I'm a badass woman because ....
I'm a badass woman because I am what I choose to be. I'm constantly chasing what holds meaning and truth for me. In my opinion, that's what life is all about: filling your soul with what makes you feel alive and overflowing that goodness into the world.
What do you think is the biggest challenge for women overlanders?
Shaving our legs! Peeing in public! Kidding. I think the biggest challenge for women overlanders is continuing to break stereotypes and limitations imposed on us by society. Yes, it's a challenge but it's amazing to know that so many women are already living lives which serve as examples of breaking the mold. Women Overlanding the World is such an important space for women to support each other in their travels and everything that they're working through in their lives. More specifically for women who were raised in cultures which are oppressive (like me), the challenge is to unlearn so many of the things we've been taught about ourselves and our place in the world. In the culture I was raised in, it's not exactly normal for Indian women to live and travel in their vehicles with or without their partners.
Traveling has taught me ....
that I can do anything I want to and that I'm more capable than I realize sometimes. I never thought that I'd go to essentially live in Spanish-speaking countries without knowing the language and emerge with a new sense of home that I found in those countries and the Spanish language.
Overlanding sucks sometimes because...
it's addictive. I constantly think that maybe if I just visit this one other place, that my travel bug will be satiated. That couldn't be far from the truth. With every new country I visit, the desire just gets stronger. I love looking at maps while dreaming of all of the places I have yet to visit and before I know it, I realize that I've pretty much pointed to every part of the world.
What is a simple life hack that you've discovered while on the road?
I would say that during my time in Bolivia, I rediscovered an important life hack: the hot water bottle. We happened to be there in the dead of winter and I think that was the longest we've been as cold as we were. I didn't have a real hot water bottle, but I began heating up water on the stove and filling my Nalgene to put in my sleeping bag at bedtime. It made such a HUGE difference in keeping me warm enough to fall asleep and it made getting into a freezing cold bed much more bearable.
You can find Shruthi online at:
Holiday at See Website
Facebook and Instagram
For more daily inspiration, follow Women Overlanding the World on Instagram:
Richard Giordano February 25, 2019
Weekly Feature: Ann of @annandlotusthetruck
Richard Giordano March 1, 2019
Weekly Feature: Steph of GrizzlynBear Overland
AboutBookRetreatsEventsShopPrivacy Policy
5305 RIVER RD N STE B KEIZER OR 97303
Designed by Karin
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
| 3,944
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Yesterday, I did a fun post describing the Seven Types of Employees You Meet at Best Buy, complete with illustrations by Dan Meth. And now, Best Buy has responded. And they've been spying on me.
You'll find this guy on his couch, sporting an ironic t-shirt with a delivery-food stain of some kind. He "commuted" minutes earlier by rolling out of bed and over to his laptop in his shoebox-sized Brooklyn (Williamsburg) apartment littered with empty Redbull cans. He came to Gizmodo 9 months ago after deciding that "traditional media" wasn't edgy enough (read: required pants and didn't like it when he powered down walls of TVs). He only puts on pants in order to put electronics down them, and he gets very upset if you mess with his Star Wars legos. He genuinely believes that the hot PR girl is into him and not just trying to get a post. He overuses the word "fail."
Click to viewOK, so I might commute from my bed to my desk, sure. And yeah, I order a lot of delivery. But I live in Prospect Heights, Brooklyn, not Williamsburg! And PR girls love me because I'm charming! Go ahead, ask any of them! Also, I don't wear glasses. Fail, Best Buy. Major fail.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 7,044
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available as a separate app.
Need a deleted item back?
Installed on any number of off-site computers, your staff or volunteers can each enter book and media information at home or the office. Easily "Merge" their data onto the library computer. With several folks sharing the work, your collection will be up-to-date in no time. "HomeWork" even includes the ability to import MARC records using the qLOC feature. Use 'Authorities' to assure consistent entry.
NOTE: Changes to the Library of Congress web catalog may require LOC Pick revisions. A modest cost for these updates may be imposed.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 4,884
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Up for your consideration is this absolutely stunning VINTAGE 14K Emerald Quartz Pendant. This Dazzling Gem is well over a Carat and is simply beautifully cut. Sparkling from every angle. It is guaranteed 14K, I have photos of the hallmark..so please zoom in. Please look at my other sales for more beautiful pieces. This pendant is sure to catch a lot of attention. Thank you for looking. The winning buyer will pay a flat rate shipping of $7.50.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 9,528
|
I work as a massage therapist and have recently lost a lot of weight, about fifty pounds. After such sudden weight loss, my skin and muscles have felt flabby and stretched. I tried using the plank pose and sit-ups to tone my stomach, but the results were disappointing. Conscious Breathing Retraining, on the other hand, feel much more effective and have helped me discover muscles I never even knew I had. Sometimes I use the Relaxator for the breathing exercises. At other times, like when I'm driving or watching television, I practice prolonged exhalation and am breathing out for longer than I breathe in.
I have focused on my breathing when doing the Conscious Breathing Retraining, putting my hand on my abdominals and feeling how they slowly expand when breathing in. I just let the air in, all the way down to my stomach, while I count to two or three. Then, when breathing out, I have tried to carefully apply a bit of pressure to expel the air, while counting to six. The excellent result I obtained is one of the reasons that I now want to become a certified breathing instructor. This knowledge feels so important and is so simple to do that I want to pass it on to my massage clients.
Now my breathing works FOR me and for my health, 24 hours a day.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
| 9,813
|
Linkedin Facebook Instagram Envelope
Nurture Every Spark
I Belong Too
Mission Nutrition
Spark Potential
The Firefly Theory
You've Got This
One of 7 Weekly Hampers
INTERNATIONAL AWARENESS
1st Sept - 20th Oct 2021
Celebrate diversity and inclusion in childhood by sharing photos and stories of cuddly toys as unique as the children they bring comfort to.
Post a photo of a comfort toy or blanket that makes life more 'bear-able' on your Instagram Profile. Include its name, story and #IBelongToo on your Instagram Profile and tag a friend and @kinderfli
Open to all countries.
Click here to view Terms and Conditions
Here at Kinderfli we see diversity and differences in children, as something to be held in high regard – not merely tolerated. However, due to the distress physical or neurological 'differences' can cause children living in a world geared towards the 'typical,' inclusive modulatory interventions and supports are needed to prevent children's differences from disabling them and stopping them from reaching their full potential. We have made it our mission to support and empower parents of all children and provide inclusive nutritional and lifestyle solutions to nurture every spark.
Alda Smith, The Firefly Theory
Neurological, mental and immune conditions and differences in children represent a significant and growing challenge.
of children experience mental health conditions
According to the World Health Organisation, 10-20% of all children experience what is still classified as mental health conditions such as behavioural disorders (e.g., ADHD); developmental and learning disorders (e.g.,dyspraxia DCD, dyslexia and autism spectrum disorder); and emotional disorders (e.g.,anxiety and depression).
the world population suffers from allergies.
children and adolescents are diagnosed with cancer
Each year, approximately 400,000 children and adolescents are diagnosed with cancer, which, despite an 80% cure rate, is still the leading cause of death in children from high-income countries.
Why are the numbers growing?
Why do we see so many co-occurring conditions in children? Why, despite so many medical advances, do we still not have any concrete answers? How can we prevent disease or support differences in such a way that it does not disable children or their carers?
We at Kinderfli believe the most significant driving forces behind the escalation in the number of children whose potential is not optimised are:
Changes in our diets and lifestyles.
The lack of child development and health literacy to adequately deal with these changes.
The absence of an accepted 'universal truth' in optimising neurological development and immune priming in children.
The lack of research focusing on the 'invisible' parts of the human body.
Shortages in appropriate, collaborative support and solutions.
Access to, or selecting appropriate support can also be difficult and overwhelming for parents.
The Firefly Theory boils dysfunction and illness down to the universal idea that if one or more of the ESH-Triangle pillars are negatively affected by lifestyle, diet and/or environmental factors, our children's health and development can suffer.
The Firefly Theory - A child's energy system health (ESH) is upheld by three key, co dependent pillars:
Receive support, updates and exclusive offers right ot your inbox.
Kinderfli helps a growing population of neuro-diverse children reach their full potential – making the healthy choice also the easy one for parents.
About The Firefly Theory
IGNITE! The Firefly Theory Book
COPYRIGHT © 2021 Kinderfli
Brand and Web Design by Studio Stratos
This campaign is not sponsored, endorsed or administered by, or associated with Instagram
Kinderfli Healthcare Pty is hosting this campaign
This campaign will run from 27 Aug – 30 Oct 2021
By entering, entrants confirm that they are 13+ years of age, release Instagram of responsibility, and agree to Instagram's terms of use
For privacy and safety reasons we encourage you to only post photos of the comfort toys and not to share personal identifiable information
Only comfort toys of children between the ages of 0 and 12 can be entered
Hampers can be won in a weekly world-wide lucky draw (to be announced on social media and delivered to winners)
Photography session winners will be selected on merit on 31 October 2021 – i.e. the most inspiring toys and stories. The judges' decision is final.
The Participant shall defend, indemnify and hold the Host and its Collaborators harmless from and against any and all claims, actions, damages, expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees), losses or liabilities incurred by or asserted against the Participant or any of its Indemnitees for injury (including death) to persons or damage or destruction to property and any and all fees, costs or penalties incurred by the participant or any of its Indemnitees, to the extent that such claims, actions, damages, expenses, losses, liabilities, fees, costs or penalties are caused by or arise out of the Host's Misperformance – granted that the Host will do everything within reason to ensure safety.
Join our newsletter to receive additional support for nutrition, health and parenting to support your child's development.
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
| 4,084
|
SEARCH OUR BUSINESS DIRECTORY ->
Lahey & Walker
Lahey & WalkerJackie2022-01-13T15:33:11+10:00
Lahey and Walker Pty Ltd has served Beaudesert and the surrounding areas since 1954. Family owned and one of the oldest businesses in the area, it is still run by the original family. There have now been 4 generations of family members working in the business. We can also boast that some of our current customers have been with us since 1954.
We employ 32 Beaudesert people who live and work in the beautiful Scenic Rim area. Several of these staff members have been with the company for over 20 years, so customers know they are benefiting from a wealth of experience and knowledge.
At Lahey and Walker we own a fleet of bulk fuel delivery vehicles which operate out of our Depot at 162 Brisbane Street Beaudesert. These trucks deliver fuel and lubes to farms and commercial customers in the areas covering north to Park Ridge, south to the NSW border, west to Boonah and east to Tamborine Mountain.Our company also operates three retail sites in Beaudesert and one site in nearby Canungra.
Contact Name(s)
162 Brisbane St,
Beaudesert QLD 4285
https://www.laheyandwalker.com.au
https://www.facebook.com/ampolbeaudesert
https://www.facebook.com/Ampol-Canungra-416865442236855
President: David Kassulke
Vice President: Mike Townsend
Minutes Secretary: Lesley Turton
minutes@beaudesertchamber.com.au
Correspondence Secretary: Vanessa Skinner
secretary@beaudesertchamber.com.au
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"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
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| 5,910
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Nestled against the beautiful Rocky Mountains in Gallatin Valley and just minutes from Gallatin Field, Montana State University, and the Museum of the Rockies, the Holiday Inn® Bozeman is the area's premier full service hotel and conference center. With easy access to and from Interstate 90, you'll be able to find everything that you need, for business or pleasure, right near our property.Guests staying at our hotel in Bozeman, MT will love the nearby world-class fly fishing on the Yellowstone, Gallatin, Madison, and Jefferson Rivers. Skiing is available at Moonlight Basin, Bridger Bowl, and Big Sky Resort. In addition Montana State University hosts exciting sporting events and performances throughout the year. Our facility is ideal for business travelers as we offer a complimentary 24 hour Business Center and free Internet access. Our Conference Center boasts over 6,400-square feet of meeting space perfect for conventions, banquets, trade shows, company meetings, and social events. At the Holiday Inn Bozeman patrons enjoy the best amenities such as a complete fitness center, Bozeman's largest indoor pool and Jacuzzi, and award winning service. Our on-site restaurant, 3 Rivers serves mouthwatering Montana cuisine, and the Dry Fly Saloon, our lounge, offers daily food and drink specials. Don't forget that we are pet friendly too! Stay with us and find out why we're one of the finest hotels in Bozeman, MT.
The Holiday Inn Bozeman has the largest indoor pool of any hotel in the Gallatin Valley!The Museum of the Rockies, located just 10 minutes away from the hotel, offers numerous activities for children. The museum is home to Jack Horner and his famous finds.
Complimentary parking for cars, trucks, recreational vehicles and buses.
We are pleased to be one of the only pet friendly hotels in Bozeman and accept pets without a fee or deposit.
We would like to say happy Easter to all our Friends and Family and IHG Members!
Thank you for your service to all active and retired Military. We would like to extend you a 20% off discount through Memorial Day weekend.
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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| 510
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We report on mycobacteriosis in an imported tropical ornamental fish Macropodus opercularis commonly known as the paradise fish. Mass mortality occurred in paradise fish imported to Korea from Southeast Asia in 2008. The affected fish did not show any outward clinical signs, but enlargement of the spleen, kidneys, and liver was observed on dissection. Histopathological examination revealed numerous granulomas in the spleen, and acid-fast bacilli were observed in the centers of the granulomas. About 65% of spleen DNA samples were PCR positive using mycobacteria-specific primers targeting the 16S rRNA and hsp65 genes. The nucleotide identities of the 16S rRNA and hsp65 genes with those of Mycobacterium marinum were 99.5% and 99.4%, respectively. Although the bacterium was not cultured, the molecular diagnosis and histopathological findings were consistent with mycobacteriosis in paradise fish.
Mycobacteria are pleomorphic, aerobic, Gram-positive, acid-fast, non-motile rods, 0.2-0.6 μm in diameter and 1-10 μ m long in the genus Mycobacterium , the only genus in the family Mycobacteriaceae (Gauthier and Rhodes, 2009). The Mycobacterium comprises obligate pathogens that cause serious human and animal diseases, opportunistic pathogens, and saprophytic species (Bland et al., 2005).
Piscine mycobacteriosis is a systemic infectious disease that is typically a subacute to chronically progressive condition caused by different Mycobacterium species, including Mycobacterium marinum , M. fortuitum , M. chelonae , and M. abscessus (Kusunoki and Ezaki, 1992; Decostere et al., 2004). More recently, additional mycobacterial species have been implicated as the causes of mycobacterial infections, including M. shottsii , M. montefiorense , and M. haemophilum (Levi et al., 2003; Rhodes et al., 2003; Whipps et al., 2007). Although mycobacteriosis is usually a chronic disease and may not produce external lesions, the internal lesions typically include enlargement and typical grey or white nodules of the spleen, kidneys, and liver (Chinabut, 1999; Gauthier and Rhodes, 2009).
This study reports on mycobacteriosis in an imported tropical ornamental fish, Macropodus opercularis , commonly known as the paradise fish.
Forty paradise fish (body weight, 1.8 ± 0.4 g) were bought from an ornamental fish wholesaler in Korea in June 2008. After 2 days of acclimation, the first fish death was recorded, and all of the fish died by July (cumulative mortality rate, approximately 100% per month). Few of the diseased fish showed any external signs, but enlargement of the spleen and discoloration of the liver were observed after postmortem examination. Moribund and freshly killed fish were examined using histopathology and microbial cultures after euthanasia with excessive 2-phenoxyethanol (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA). The gill and body surfaces were examined microscopically for the presence of parasites.
The spleen was collected from five moribund fish and fixed immediately in 10% neutral buffered formalin. After fixation, standard histological procedures were used for tissue dehydration and paraffin embedding. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN).
The liver, kidney, and spleen of moribund and freshly killed fish were inoculated into tryptone soy agar (TSA; Difco, Sparks, MD, USA) and incubated at 30℃ for 72 h. Frozen kidney and spleen tissues were homogenized in sterile 0.85% saline (w/v), decontaminated with 0.35% hexadecylpyridinium chloride for 30 min, and then centrifuged at 2,800 g for 30 min (Corner and Trajstman, 1988). The supernatant was removed, and the sediment was washed twice with 1 mL of sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The sediments were inoculated on Middlebrook 7H10 (Difco), and the medium was incubated aerobically at 30℃ and checked daily for 2 months. Before decontamination, samples were also cultured in TSA (Difco) to detect common bacterial fish pathogens and incubated for 72 h at 30℃.
For PCR, genomic DNA was extracted from frozen spleen stored at –80℃ using an AccuPrep Genomic DNA purification kit (Bioneer, Daejeon, Korea). Molecular detection of Mycobacterium species was based on 16S ribosomal DNA (16S rRNA) and 65-kDa heat-shock protein-encoding gene ( hsp65 ) sequences. The primers for the 16S rRNA (T39 and T13; PCR product size, 924 bp) (Talaat et al., 1997) and hsp65 (Tb11 and Tb12; PCR product size, 441 bp) (Aranaz et al., 2008) genes were used for amplification and sequencing. The DNA was amplified with an initial 5-min denaturation at 95℃, followed 166by 35 cycles of 94℃ for 30 s, 55℃ (for 16S rRNA) or 58℃ (for hsp65 ) for 30 s, and 72℃ for 1 min, with a final 5-min extension at 72℃. The sequencing reactions were carried out with a BigDye terminator ver.1 cycle sequencing kit (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA), and the products were sequenced on an ABI PRISM 3130xl Genetic Analyzer (Applied Biosystems). 16S rRNA and hsp65 DNA sequences for Mycobacterium species available from GenBank plus our sequences were aligned using ClustalX ver. 1.83 (Thompson et al., 1997). Phylogenetic trees were obtained using the neighbor-joining method with Kimura's two-parameter distance correction model with 1,000 bootstrap replications using MEGA ver. 4 (Tamura et al., 2007).
Granulomas 20-57 μm in diameter were observed in the H&E-stained spleen sections of all individuals examined ( Fig. 1 A). Numerous granulomas appeared in the splenic pulp and sheathed tissue ( Fig. 1 A and 1 B). Severe necrosis was observed in the central eosinophilic area of the granulomas, surrounded by extensive fibrous infiltration containing several layers of epithelioid cells ( Fig. 1 B). When stained with ZN, numerous acid-fast bacilli were found in the centers of the granulomas in the spleen ( Fig. 2 ).
Two fast-growing bacteria, Citrobacter freundii and Pseudomonas sp., grew on TSA, but they were isolated from one fish only. Histopathological examination led us to suspect mycobacteriosis, so we attempted bacterial isolation using Middlebrook 7H10 from frozen paradise fish tissue. However, no mycobacterial growth was observed after incubation for 2 months.
Histopathology of mycobacteriosis in Macropodus opercularis. (A) Numerous granulomas are present in spleen of diseased fish. G, granulomas. (B) Higher magnification of a square in (A) showing granuloma morphology. Fibrosis (FI) of the granulation tissue containing epithelioid cells. N, necrotic core; L, lymphocyte. Haematoxylin-eosin stain. Scale bars: A = 200 μm, B = 50 μm.
Mycobacteria infecting Macropodus opercularis. Ziehl-Neelsen stain of a section from spleen of diseased fish. Numerous acid-fast bacilli are present in the center of granuloma. Scale bar = 10 μm.
Several Mycobacterium species have been identified as ornamental fish pathogens (Lescenko et al., 2003). The paradise fish is also susceptible to Mycobacterium infection. For example, Gómez (2008) found granulomatous inflammation and numerous acid-fast bacteria in tissue sections of granulomas from a diseased paradise fish, but the causative agent was not confirmed at the species level. Additionally, Marcì et al. (2008) reported M. fortuitum infection in severely emaciated paradise fish, with ascites and granulomas of various sizes in the internal organs. In our study, the 16S rRNA and hsp65 gene analysis show that the amplified genes were related most closely to M. marinum . However, it is difficult to distinguish among M. marinum , M. shottsii , M. pseudoshottsii , and M. ulcerans using 16S rRNA and hsp65 gene sequences (Adekambi and Drancourt, 2004). Additional research to identify the Mycobacterium sp. infecting the paradise fish is needed.
We could not culture Mycobacterium sp. from paradise fish, as freezing the spleens and kidneys affected the viability of the mycobacteria, resulting in negative cultures on Middlebrook 7H10. Although bacterial isolation is considered the gold standard for diagnosing bacterial disease, the isolation of mycobacteria from field samples is generally problematic and sometimes not even attempted because mycobacteria are slow-growing fastidious organisms, and isolation can be adversely affected by other microbial contamination (Pate et al., 2005). Instead, mycobacteria have been detected by amplifying various target genes, such as 16S rRNA, IS 986 , IS 611 , and hsp65 (Kolk et al., 1992; Telenti et al., 1993; Kox et al., 1995; Noordhoek et al., 1995), and PCR has been used to detect mycobacterial infection in several studies (Frevel et al., 1999; Astrofsky et al., 2000). In our study, PCR amplification targeting the 16S rRNA and hsp65 genes was carried out, and more than 60% of the examined fish showed positive reactions for both genes. However, the sensitivities of the 16S rRNA and hsp65 PCR primers may differ, and the hsp65 PCR primers may have been more sensitive than the 16S rRNA PCR primers in this study.
Although mycobacteriosis was confirmed in imported paradise fish, the etiological agent of the mass mortality is unclear, as Mycobacterium sp. was detected only in about 65% of the fish by PCR, and megalocytivirus (10%, four of 40 fishes) and reovirus (30%, three of 10 fishes) were also detected in the diseased paradise fish by PCR (data not shown). Further studies of the pathogenicity in paradise fish are necessary. However, our results suggest that mass mortality in paradise fish was caused by multiple infections with Mycobacterium sp., megalocytivirus, and reovirus.
Neighbor-joining analysis of Mycobacterium species 16S rRNA (A) and hsp65 (B) sequences from GenBank.
small freshwater labyrinth fish found in ditches and paddy fields in Southeast Asia (Man and Hodgkiss, 1981). Paradise fish are imported into Korea from Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam (National Fisheries Products Quality Inspection Service, personal communication), but there are no clear guidelines or checks on paradise fish suspected of having mycobacteriosis. This is made more difficult given the lack of obvious signs of sickness in diseased fish. In this study, it is likely that the paradise fish monitored were infected before importation to Korea, as mortality occurred during the acclimation period, and mycobacteriosis is generally a chronic, slowly developing disease.
In conclusion, we confirmed the presence of mycobacteriosis in paradise fish imported from Southeast Asia into Korea. Considering the broad host spectrum of Mycobacterium sp. and increasing global international trade in ornamental fish, stricter quarantine inspection guidelines are necessary to reduce the risk of mycobacteriosis in fish in Korea.
The current work was supported by the Technology Development Program for Fisheries, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea.
Man SH , Hodgkiss IJ 1981 Hong Kong Freshwater Fishes. Urban Council, Wishing Printing Company Hong Kong, CH.
HJ Han , JH Kim , CH Jeon , WS Kim , DH Kim , SJ Jung , and MJ Oh , "Molecular and Histopathological Evidence of Mycobacteriosis in Paradise Fish Macropodus opercularis Imported into Korea", Fisheries and aquatic sciences, vol. 3, no. 3, Sep 2013.
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{
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HOME • META SEARCH • TRANSLATE
National Vital Statistics System Information
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Vital_Statistics_System
Table of Contents ⇨
The National Vital Statistics System (NVSS) is an inter-governmental system of sharing data on the vital statistics of the population of the United States. It involves coordination between the different state health departments of the US states and the National Center for Health Statistics, a division of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [1]
1 Data and publications
2 Related programs
3 Reception and impact
3.1 Academic research
3.2 Use as a standard source
Data and publications
The National Vital Statistics System includes the following data sets and publications: [1]
Vital Statistics of the United States: [2] The data set goes back to 1890.
National Vital Statistics Report: [3] This is a monthly report that goes back to January 1998. The earlier version of this report, called the Monthly Vital Statistics Report, goes back to July 1964. [4]
Other reports [5]
All data is accessible online on the NVSS website.
The following programs are related to the National Vital Statistics System: [1]
Linked Birth and Infant Death Data Set
National Survey of Family Growth
Matched Multiple Birth Data Set
National Death Index
National Maternal and Infant Health Survey
National Mortality Followback Survey
Reception and impact
Data from the National Vital Statistics System has been cited in academic research on many topics, including births [6] [7] and homicides. [8]
A paper by Weed for Population Index described the history of NVSS and how to prepare it for the next century. [9]
Use as a standard source
Libraries and other link collections have pointed to the NVSS as an official data source for the vital statistics of the United States. [10]
^ a b c "About the National Vital Statistics System". National Vital Statistics System. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
^ "Vital Statistics of the United States". National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
^ "National Vital Statistics Reports". National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
^ "Monthly Vital Statistics Reports". National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
^ "Products". National Center for Health Statistics. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
^ "Are preterm births on the decline in the United States? Recent data from the National Vital Statistics System". NCHS Data Brief. 39: 1–8. 2010. PMID 20604990.
^ "Recent Trends in Cesarean Delivery in the United States" (PDF). NCHS Data Brief. 35. March 2010. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
^ Wiersema, Brian; Loftin, Colin; McDowall, David (November 2000). "A Comparison of Supplementary Homicide Reports and National Vital Statistics System Homicide Estimates for U.S. Counties". Homicide Studies. doi: 10.1177/1088767900004004002.
^ Weed, James A. (Winter 1995). "Vital Statistics in the United States: Preparing for the Next Century". Population Index. Office of Population Research, Princeton University. pp. 527–539. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
^ "National Vital Statistics System". Indiana University Bloomington. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=National_Vital_Statistics_System&oldid=799826195"
Statistical organizations in the United States
National statistical services
Federal Statistical System of the United States
Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia
NATIONAL VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEM
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
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| 1,793
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Everfair, in love and war
Paul Constant
You're either the kind of reader who digs books that have maps and family trees in the first few pages, or you're not. Some readers — and for the sake of full disclosure, this is where my loyalties lie — tend to barrel through books all sharklike, never turning back or stopping. Others prefer to take their time; these are the people who love the luxury of flipping back and forth, consulting the character lists in the front of the book and thumbing over to the glossary in the back as needed.
Sci-fi author and Seattle Times book critic Nisi Shawl's first novel Everfair has a historical map of its titular fictional African nation in the front, alongside a list of "Some Notable Characters." Shawl practically insists that readers take their time with the story of Everfair. This is a novel that turned me, at least temporarily, into one of those slow and circuitous readers; not only did I keep a thumb permanently parked in the character list for easy reference but I also found myself reading the book with my phone in my hand, Googling historical context and researching Shawl's influences on multiple occasions per chapter.
Everfair is a novel that is profoundly interested in justice, and Shawl is struggling to change the course of not one but two seemingly unstoppable rivers. Not only is Everfair an alternative history that attempts to address (and in some small way redress) the genocidal actions of King Leopold in the Belgian Congo at the dawn of the 20th century, but Shawl is also wrestling with the tendency toward colonialism inherent in the science fiction subgenre called steampunk.
It's okay if you don't know either the history of the Belgian Congo or the traditions of steampunk; Everfair will teach you as you read. The book skips along thirty years of history encompassing the end of the Victorian age and the churning chaos surrounding World War I, following a large cast (and with chapters from nearly a dozen different perspectives) through the creation and birthing pains of the nation of Everfair, which is constructed from an uneasy alliance of African-Americans, Congolese, East Asians, and British members of the socialist Fabian Society. Though it's steeped in what must have been years of research into the geopolitical context of the time, Everfair is not a realistic novel. People get around via blimps called "aircanoes," some characters appear to have psychic powers, and technology rapidly diverges from the familiar Industrial Age inventions of our timeline.
If this all sounds incredibly ambitious, that's because it is. I could easily imagine Everfair taking up the same shelf-space as Neal Stephenson's sprawling Baroque Cycle. But rather than indulging the bloat that has tripped up the sci-fi genre of late, Shawl has trimmed an epic that could span multiple volumes into less than 400 pages. And that economy comes at a price: aside from the ostensible protagonist, a woman named Lisette Toutournier who is loosely based on the French novelist Colette, many of the other characters lack complexity. Chapters leap ahead by days, months, and even years in a skipping-stone narrative structure that necessarily omits many motivations and actions from the story.
But given a choice between a small book crammed full of too much ambition or a gigantic book that indulges in unnecessary world-building, I'd always choose the former. And no critic would ever be able to accuse Shawl of leaving something out of Everfair due to a lack of thoughtfulness; the depth of care and consideration that she has put into this world cannot be overpraised.
Too, the amount of life in this book is overwhelming. The characters are horny and brainy. They fall in love; they settle for less romance than they deserve. They make capricious choices; they are selfless and brave. Everfair is not dystopian by nature — it's a book about a daring few people trying to save as many lives as possible from the brutal industrial churn of colonialism, which means it is built on hope. But it isn't a utopian novel, either. Shawl understands that governments, like stories, are engines that run on conflict, so while characters in the book are idealistic, the story forces them to measure their idealism up against circumstances beyond their control.
Alternative histories have taken root in fiction over the last decade or so. From Michael Chabon's The Yiddish Policeman's Union to Philip Roth's The Plot Against America to Colson Whitehead's The Underground Railroad, novelists are using fiction to explore roads not taken and to vindicate those who could not write the history books for themselves. With Everfair, Shawl is melding the alternative history with the imaginative vigor of science fiction. In that way, she's doing more than dwelling in the choices of the past. She's promoting her ideas — of tolerance, of revolution, of freedom — and she's telling us something that we desperately need to hear: if we are unhappy with the choices we are making right now, it is within our power to build a better world.
Books in this review:
Everfair
by Nisi Shawl
Buy on IndieBound
Paul is a co-founder of The Seattle Review of Books. He has written for The Progressive, Newsweek, Re/Code, the Utne Reader, the Los Angeles Times, the Seattle Times, the New York Observer, and many North American alternative weeklies. Paul has worked in the book business for two decades, starting as a bookseller (originally at Borders Books and Music, then at Boston's grand old Brattle Bookshop and Seattle's own Elliott Bay Book Company) and then becoming a literary critic. Formerly the books editor for the Stranger, Paul is now a fellow at Civic Ventures, a public policy incubator based out of Seattle.
Follow Paul Constant on Twitter: @paulconstant
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by Marian Blue
The man show
The Sexiest Man Alive
by Amber Nelson
Accidentally honest
The Shame of Losing
by Sarah Cannon
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{
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Need a writer? Hire Admin!
A thus far little-known fact about Admin (i.e...me) is that IRL, I'm a freelance writer. I have experience writing for education, marketing, correspondence, press releases, grants, op-ed, fiction, humor, poetry, essay, SEO and so on. I have written for a variety of industries, including professional services, insurance, finance, health services, and higher education. Like my titles? My random stories and notes to posters? You'll love my professional work too.
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And now this shameless plug is over. On with the secrets!
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
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Immigration Debate Brings Strange Bedfellows—And New Hope—to Washington
Republican Senator John McCain is teaming up with Democrats and a formerly antagonistic union to promote comprehensive reform.
By Caroline Kelley July 31, 2013
J. Scott Applewhite / ASSOCIATED PRESS
Sidelined Obama Faces Impossible Task on Immigration
No Easy Path Forward As House Republicans Meet On Immigration
Self-Interest Could Sink Immigration Reform
"It's nice to be back here amongst old friends and enemies," Senator John McCain said Tuesday morning as he opened a discussion on immigration at the Washington headquarters of the union powerhouse American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO). His comment earned a trickle of awkward laughter from the audience, which included congressional staff members, some undocumented Hispanic youth known as "Dreamers" and a slew of reporters eager to watch the Republican make a begrudging alliance with organized labor.
Widespread confusion over how the House of Representatives will handle pending immigration reform legislation has launched an all-lobbyists-on-deck scramble for influence on the Hill. Delegates from Silicon Valley to the cantaloupe fields of Texas are descending on Washington to weigh in, and McCain is putting aside his history with the AFL-CIO to join the fray. He discussed the importance of creating a path to citizenship for undocumented immigrants with labor-friendly congressman Xavier Becerra on Tuesday.
"Treat your opponents, those who disagree with you, treat them with respect," said McCain, who was criticized by the AFL-CIO as an opponent of worker's rights during the 2008 election and 2007's immigration reform debate. The federation of unions spends big bucks promoting Democratic candidates. After endorsing Barack Obama for President in June 2008, they used roughly $53 million of their $200 million campaign budget to run "grass roots mobilization" plugging McCain's competitor. The group even launched a website, www.mccainrevealed.org (now deleted), which attacked the Senator's voting record and his ties to George W. Bush.
The AFL-CIO also worked against McCain's efforts to pass comprehensive immigration reform in 2007. Although Democrats controlled the House when their bill hit the floor, McCain and Senate ally Ted Kennedy were unable to satisfy the labor lobby's demands, which were supported by then-Senator Obama. The primary concern for labor groups was guest worker programs: initiatives that allow foreigners to reside and work in the United States during labor shortages. Such programs would have won the support of big business and the GOP, but the AFL-CIO worried that immigrants brought into the country under such initiatives would be paid less than the median wage in their respective industries. Ultimately, intra-party disagreement caused the 2007 bill to fail.
But 2013 is different, say labor groups and their congressional allies. In March, AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka struck a deal with Democratic Senator Chuck Schumer and Thomas J. Donohue, head of the business lobby Chamber of Commerce. The alliance helped secure support for bipartisan legislation later passed by the Senate. Via conference call, Schumer announced a compromise on divisive guest worker programs. He assured organizers that under the new bill, guest workers would be paid the highest prevailing industry wage as determined by the Labor Department. "This issue has always been the deal breaker on immigration, but not this time."
Former McCain adviser Douglas Holtz-Eakin, who touted the economic benefits of immigration during a panel at the AFL-CIO on Tuesday, started his discussion by reflecting on fickle Washington allegiances. "I don't think I've ever been more flattered than by the kind of words of Congressman Becerra and my former boss John McCain about my work. But I will tell you that when I was head of the CBO neither of them had a word to say about it. So, time heals all wounds and let us hope that we can get over the wounds of the past efforts on this topic and we can get something done this year."
Whether or not Tuesday's discussion helped push immigration reform toward passage in the Republican House—it likely didn't—the gathering demonstrated that the issue has created powerful, if unconventional, coalitions in Washington. After his Democratic counterpart shared a moving story about his former job as a construction worker, McCain joked, "Congressmen Becerra went from an honest line of work into politics."
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{
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Q: ValueError when using random.choices I keep getting ValueError: The number of weights does not match the population.
I've tried so many different things to get this to work I keep getting a ValueError: The number of weights does not match the population
I cannot figure out why I just want weighted distribution. Any help is appreciated!
import random
import time
def get_random_unicode(length, w):
try:
get_char = unichr
except NameError:
get_char = chr
# Update this to include code point ranges to be sampled
include_ranges = [( 0x0030, 0x0039),(0x30A0,0x30FF)]
alphabet = [
get_char(code_point) for current_range in include_ranges
for code_point in range(current_range[0], current_range[1] + 1)
]
new_w = w
while len(new_w) < len(alphabet):
print(len(new_w))
new_w = new_w + [1]
print(len(alphabet) == len(new_w))
print(f"weights length: {len(new_w)}\nalphabet length: {len(alphabet)}")
return random.choices(str(alphabet), weights=new_w, k=length)
start_time = time.time()
#while (time.time() - start_time) < 5:
# print(get_random_unicode(random.randint(1,50),[10,10]),end=" ")
print(get_random_unicode(5,[10,10]),end=" ")
A: The issue is that str(alphabet) results in a string that is much longer than alphabet, and yet new_w is only as long as alphabet.
For example:
a = 'blah123'
print(a,'len:',len(a)) # output: blah123 len: 7
b = list('blah123')
print(b,'len:',len(b)) # output: ['b', 'l', 'a', 'h', '1', '2', '3'] len: 7
c = str(b)
print(c,'len:',len(c)) # output: ['b', 'l', 'a', 'h', '1', '2', '3'] len: 35
Converting a list into a string includes all the brackets, quotation marks, spaces and commas. Whatever you think str(alphabet) is doing, I think you need to re-evaluate your assumptions.
A: By using str(alphabet) you are serializing alphabet which is list of 1-char strings to something like JSON string "['ヺ', '・', 'ー', 'ヽ', 'ヾ', 'ヿ']" and it is way longer then length of alphabet list.
Both list and str types are sequences, which random.choices receive without complaining. Since you already have alphabet, you don't need to convert it to string.
You probably want:
return random.choices(''.join(alphabet), weights=new_w, k=length)
or:
return ''.join(random.choices(alphabet), weights=new_w, k=length))
A: You are turning list results into a string like:
txt = 'hello'
print(len(txt)) # 5
# hello
# ^^^^^
# |||||
# 12345
list = list(txt)
print(len(list)) # 5
# ['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']
# ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
# | | | | |
# 1 2 3 4 5
str_again = str(list)
print(len(str_again)) # 25
# ['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']
# ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
# |||||||||||||||||||||||||
# 123456789................
To prove this:
print(str_again[:8])
# ['h', 'e
|
{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaStackExchange"
}
| 6,258
|
These folks give countless hours to keep GMARA running and make our events awesome.
GMARA is 100% volunteer-run. We appreciate your thanks!
Way back in 2002 Chris saw the Eco-challenge on TV and decided it would be fun to give that sport a shot. 15+ years later, we're still doing this thanks to his leadership. Chris is a frequent course designer and race director as well as the person who keeps the organization going.
When he's not outside with his family, Chris helps navigate at Dealer.com in Burlington VT.
Tim is one of the founding board members, a racer, director, and the original graphic designer (inventor of the "gearflake"). Lately, he's been spending most of his time trying to cross that uphill tyrolean from Frigid 2012.
When he's not stuck on a rope over a ravine, Tim spends time at a well-known chip design company and organizes fabulous events for Back to Black VT.
Shawn coordinates the checkbooks, cameras, checklists, code, checkpoints, courses, communication, anything starting with the letter C. When he's not working behind the scenes to keep GMARA running, Shawn spends time with his wife and daughters.
Like many GMARA volunteers, he also donates time to IBM in exchange for stress and money.
Colin makes races happen – scouting course, laminating checkpoint tags, picking up 35 gallons of water, hanging flags, collecting paperwork, moving bikes, analyzing post-race results, taking photos, talking to sponsors, staffing TAs… without him these races would be a mess.
Colin was co-director of the 2014 Bitter Pill. He spends his free time alternating between volleyball and knee surgery.
Jen raced for many years before getting distracted by the volunteer side of the shop. Now, she tirelessly promotes GMARA to sponsors and community organizations. She directed her first Frigid Infliction in 2014!
Whether tackling race promotion on social media and online calendars, coordinating with sponsors, scouting and setting course, or pushing for more exciting post-race menus, Charlotte has quickly become essential to GMARA operations. When things start falling through the cracks, she's there to pick them up.
During indoor hours she manages the Binter Center for Parkinson's Disease & Movement disorders and is on the board of the APDA VT chapter.
If you've raced with GMARA, chances are good that John checked your gear or checked you in at a TA. He has volunteered at more events than anyone except Chris. He knows how a GMARA race runs, inside and out, from timing to tyroleans. He deserves a custom hat.
Graham is a racer (a member of the legendary "Wet Yeti Contest"), race director, and primary course designer for many Frigid Inflictions. Graham spends his nights and weekends in Rochester, VT scouting course for a future event in the Green Mountain National Forest. During the days, he loans his brain to Global Foundries as a Copper CMP process engineer.
Kate has skills that the rest of us lack, like being able to write a paragraph without 3000 commas. We appreciate the help with press releases and easily parseable text.
Eli is a founding board member. He used to race more often, now he mostly handles GMARA's legal work, makes sure we pay our taxes and keep our insurance up to date.
Eli is a founding partner at The Moulton Law Group, providing legal services for businesses.
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Home » News » Timipre Sylva, 'Ajegunle boy', returns to familiar terrain in petroleum ministry
Timipre Sylva, 'Ajegunle boy', returns to familiar terrain in petroleum ministry
On August 21, 2019 5:13 pmIn Newsby Emmanuel Okogba
By Michael Eboh
Timipre Sylva, the newly appointed Minister of State for Petroleum Resources, appears to be returning to a terrain he had traversed before.
Timipre Sylva
In 2002, Sylva was appointed Special Assistant to Dr. Edmund Daukoru, the then Minister of State of Petroleum Resources, and he's returning to the terrain 17 years after; but this time, as Minister of State for Petroleum Resources, the same position of his former principal.
In a brief ceremony, Wednesday, after his swearing-in, organized by the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Petroleum Resources, Sylva, who was born July 7, 1964 in Okpoma, then in Rivers State, but presently in Brass Local Government Area of Bayelsa State, was heard telling some directors and heads of parastatals, "I am back."
At the brief welcome ceremony held at the petroleum ministry, he promised to reposition the petroleum ministry after concluding his familiarization briefing and chart a way forward for the industry.
He said President Muhammadu Buhari had asked to meet with him, with a view to giving him certain mandate, noting that afterwards, he would be meeting with Directors and Heads of parastatal in the ministry.
"I know we have a very competent management in the Nigerian Petroleum Corporation, NNPC, Petroleum Technology Development Fund, PTDF, Department for Petroleum Resources, DPR and the Nigerian Content Development and Monitoring Board, NCDMB. I would like to take some briefing from all of you, after which I would make some proper response."
READ ALSO: Profile of Minister of Education, Mallam Adamu Adamu
Sylva, who studied English Language/Linguistics at the University of Port Harcourt and did his mandatory National Youth Service Corps, NYSC, programme at Shell Petroleum Development Company at Warri, Delta State, was a shining star of the renowned ghetto city of Ajegunle.
He completed his primary education at Ajeromi Central School I in Olodi-Apapa, Ajegunle in Lagos in 1976, after a brief stint at St. Paul's Anglican Primary School, Okpoma. He later moved to Government Secondary School, Brass from 1976 – 1981 for his secondary education.
His working career started with the National Minority Business Council, Port Harcourt, after which he was elected to represent his people at the Rivers State House of Assembly between 1991 and 1992 on the platform of the National Republican Convention, NRC.
He was later instrumental to the setting up of the United Nigeria Congress Party, UNCP, where he served as the State Financial Secretary.
He later left politics to return to private business, but soon came out, as he joined the Peoples Democratic Party, PDP, at the inception of the Fourth Republic in 1999. He was appointed Political Advisor to then Governor of Bayelsa State, Chief Diepreye Alamieyeseigha, and then Special Assistant to former Minister of State for Petroleum Resources, Dr. Edmund Daukoru, after resigning as an aide to the former governor in 2002.
Sylva was also a member of the Governing Council of Federal University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, until 2004.
He was later elected Executive Governor of Bayelsa State, from May 29, 2007 till April 16, 2008 when the Appeal Court nullified Sylva's election.
In the re-run election in May 2008, Sylva was once again re-elected and he governed Bayelsa State from May 27, 2008 to January 27, 2012.
Emmanuel Okogba
View all posts by Emmanuel Okogba →
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Ministerial oaths taking: Buhari's full speech
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Q: The complement of any projective hyperplane is an affine variety Studying algebraic geometry I'm in trouble with an assumption that my teacher uses:
Let $n\geq 1$ and $\mathbb{P}^n$ be the projective n-dimensional space; suppose $H$ is the projective hyperplane in $\mathbb{P}^n$ defined by $$\sum_{i=0}^{n}a_i T_i,$$
i.e. $H=\{(u_0:\cdots:u_n) \in \mathbb{P}^n \,:\, \sum_{i=0}^{n}a_i u_i=0\}$.
Then $\mathbb{P}^n\setminus H$ (endowed with the induced Zariski topology of $\mathbb{P}^n$) is an affine variety.
I know that if $H=\{(u_0:\cdots:u_n) \in \mathbb{P}^n \,:\, u_0=0\}$, then the open subset of $\mathbb{P}^n$, $\mathbb{A}_{0}^{n}=\mathbb{P}^n\setminus H$ is an affine variety isomorphic to the affine space $\mathbb{A}^n$ trough the map $i_0: \mathbb{A}_{0}^{n} \longmapsto \mathbb{A}^n$ such that $i_0((u_0:\cdots:u_n))=(u_1/u_0,...,u_n/u_0)$ for all $(u_0:\cdots:u_n) \in \mathbb{A}_{0}^{n}$.
So it suffices to show that given any hyperplane $H$ in $\mathbb{P}^n$, then the complementary $\mathbb{P}^n\setminus H$ is isomorphic to $\mathbb{A}_{0}^{n}$.
Any hint to construct this isomorphism? Is it possible otherwise to construct an isomorphism $f: \mathbb{P}^n \longmapsto \mathbb{P}^n$ that sends $H$ to $\mathbb{A}_{0}^{n}$??
Thanks in advance!
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Indian Law Bulletins | Federal Courts | New Mexico v. Department of Interior
Only the Westlaw citation is currently available.
Tenth Circuit.
State of NEW MEXICO, Plaintiff-Appellee,
DEPARTMENT OF the INTERIOR; Ryan Zinke, in his official capacity as Secretary of the Interior,* Defendants-Appellants,
Pueblo of Pojoaque, a federally-recognized Indian Tribe, Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.
Nos. 14-2219 & 14-2222
Filed April 21, 2017
J. David Gunter II, U.S. Department of Justice, Environment & Natural Resources Div., Washington, D.C. (John C. Cruden, Assistant Attorney General, Steven Miskinis and Yosef M. Negose, U.S. Department of Justice, Environment & Natural Resources Div., Washington, D.C., with him on the briefs), for Defendants-Appellants.
Steffani A. Cochran, Pueblo of Pojoaque Legal Department, Santa Fe, New Mexico, and Scott Crowell, Crowell Law Offices, Sedona, Arizona, for Intervenor Defendant-Appellant.
Eric D. Miller, Perkins Coie, Seattle, Washington (Jennifer A. MacLean, Perkins Coie, Washington, D.C., and Jeremiah L. Ritchie, Office of the Governor, Santa Fe, New Mexico, with him on the briefs), for Plaintiff-Appellee.
Before HOLMES, McHUGH, and MORITZ, Circuit Judges.
HOLMES, Circuit Judge.
*1 The State of New Mexico ("the State" or "New Mexico") brought suit against the Department of the Interior ("DOI") to challenge its authority to promulgate the regulations found at 25 C.F.R. § 291 et seq. ("Part 291"). The challenged regulations concern the process under which Indian tribes and states negotiate compacts to allow gaming on Indian lands. Congress established in the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act ("IGRA"), 25 U.S.C. § 2701 et seq., that states have a duty to negotiate in good faith with tribes regarding compacts and that tribes could enforce this duty by bringing suit in federal court. As the Supreme Court would later decide, however, Congress lacked the authority to make states subject to suit by Indian tribes in federal court. Seminole Tribe of Fla. v. Florida, 517 U.S. 44, 116 S.Ct. 1114, 134 L.Ed.2d 252 (1996). However, the Court left intact the bulk of IGRA, and Congress has not amended it in the intervening years.
More specifically, IGRA provides that when a tribe believes a state has failed to negotiate in good faith, the tribe may sue in federal court to, inter alia, obtain an order enjoining a state to negotiate a gaming compact and potentially subjecting the state to court-ordered mediation or the issuance of gaming procedures by the Secretary of the Interior ("the Secretary") without the state's consent. However, the Supreme Court, in Seminole Tribe, made clear that a state can invoke sovereign immunity in response to such a suit, thus effectively sidestepping the process that IGRA contemplates. See id. at 47, 116 S.Ct. 1114 ("We hold that notwithstanding Congress' clear intent to abrogate the States' sovereign immunity, the Indian Commerce Clause [U.S. Const. art. I, § 8, cl. 3] does not grant Congress that power, and therefore [25 U.S.C.] § 2710(d)(7) cannot grant jurisdiction over a State that does not consent to be sued."). In response to Seminole Tribe, DOI promulgated Part 291 to allow the Secretary to prescribe gaming regulations for a tribe following the dismissal of a tribe's suit against a state on sovereign-immunity grounds.
As relevant here, the Part 291 process was implicated after the Pueblo of Pojoaque tribe ("the Pojoaque" or "the Tribe") sued New Mexico under IGRA and the State asserted sovereign immunity. Following the dismissal of the case on sovereign-immunity grounds, the Pojoaque asked the Secretary to prescribe gaming procedures pursuant to Part 291. Before the Secretary did so, New Mexico filed the present suit, seeking a declaration that the Part 291 regulations are not a valid exercise of the Secretary's authority. The Pojoaque intervened.
The district court granted New Mexico's motion for summary judgment and denied that of DOI, holding that the Part 291 regulations are invalid and barring the Secretary from taking any further action on the Pojoaque's request for the issuance of gaming procedures under them. DOI and the Pojoaque now appeal from this order; they challenge the State's standing, the ripeness of the dispute, and the district court's holding that Part 291 is an invalid exercise of the Secretary's authority. Exercising our jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1291, we conclude that the dispute is justiciable and affirm the district court's judgment.
*2 In 1987, the Supreme Court held that states lack regulatory authority over gaming activities on Indian land except where Congress has expressly provided for such authority. California v. Cabazon Band of Mission Indians, 480 U.S. 202, 207, 107 S.Ct. 1083, 94 L.Ed.2d 244 (1987). Following this ruling, Congress enacted IGRA, 25 U.S.C. § 2701 et seq., which gives states a role in the regulation of Indian gaming. The act divides gaming into three classes. See 25 U.S.C. § 2703. The present case concerns Class III gaming, which includes the most lucrative forms of gaming. 25 U.S.C. § 2703(8); see Seminole Tribe, 517 U.S. at 48, 116 S.Ct. 1114 ("Class III gaming ... includes such things as slot machines, casino games, banking card games, dog racing, and lotteries."). Under IGRA, Class III gaming activities "shall be lawful on Indian lands only if such activities are conducted in conformance with a Tribal-State compact entered into by the Indian tribe and the State [where the gaming is located] ... that is in effect." 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(1)(C). An Indian tribe desiring such a compact "shall request the State ... to enter into negotiations for the purpose of entering into a Tribal-State compact governing the conduct of gaming activities. Upon receiving such a request, the State shall negotiate with the Indian tribe in good faith to enter into such a compact." 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(3)(A).
This case concerns how the process unfolds in the event that these negotiations do not commence following a tribe's request or are unsuccessful. The statute provides that if no agreement is reached within 180 days of a tribe's request for negotiation, the tribe may initiate a "cause of action ... arising from the failure of [the] State to enter into negotiations with the Indian tribe for the purpose of entering into a Tribal-State compact ... or to conduct such negotiations in good faith." 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(A)(i) and (B)(i). It further provides that federal district courts shall have jurisdiction over such a suit. 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(A)(i). If the district court in which a suit is filed finds that the state has failed to negotiate in good faith, "the court shall order the State and the Indian Tribe to conclude such a compact within a 60-day period." 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(B)(iii). If the parties fail to reach an agreement within sixty days, the statute outlines a process under which the tribe and the state each would submit a proposed compact to a mediator, and the mediator would select one. 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(B)(iv). At that point, the state may consent to the selected compact or it may decline to do so. If the state does not consent, the mediator is required to notify the Secretary, who "shall prescribe, in consultation with the Indian tribe, procedures ... consistent with the proposed compact selected by the mediator ... under which Class III gaming may be conducted." 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(B)(vii)(I) to (II).
The Supreme Court's ruling in Seminole Tribe complicated the process outlined above. In that case, the Court held, in the context of the Indian Commerce Clause, that "the Eleventh Amendment prevents congressional authorization of suits by private parties against unconsenting States," and therefore a case against a state concerning whether it has failed to negotiate with a tribe in good faith cannot proceed unless the state has statutorily or otherwise waived its sovereign immunity or fails to assert its immunity as a defense.1 517 U.S. at 72, 116 S.Ct. 1114. However, states still retain the obligation to negotiate in good faith under 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(3)(A).
Following Seminole Tribe, DOI issued the Part 291 regulations to provide an alternative administrative remedial scheme that applies when a state asserts sovereign immunity in a § 2710(d)(7) suit. 25 C.F.R. § 291.1. Under these regulations, when a district court dismisses a suit following a state's assertion of sovereign immunity, the tribe "may ask the Secretary to issue Class III gaming procedures" by submitting proposed procedures.2 25 C.F.R. §§ 291.3, 291.4. Upon receipt of such a request, the Secretary must "notify the Indian tribe in writing whether the Indian tribe meets the eligibility requirements in § 291.3." 25 C.F.R. § 291.6. If the tribe meets those requirements, which are not directly at issue here, then the Secretary is required to submit the tribe's proposed procedures to the state, which then has sixty days to comment on the proposal. 25 C.F.R. § 291.7(a), (b). The Secretary "will also invite the [state] to submit an alternative proposal." 25 C.F.R. § 291.7.
*3 The nature of the remainder of the process depends on whether the state submits its own proposal. In cases in which the state declines to do so by the end of the sixty-day comment period, the regulations set forth a process under which the Secretary ultimately approves the tribe's proposal, and accordingly issues "Secretarial Procedures" allowing gaming on the tribe's land, or disapproves the tribe's proposal for one of seven reasons listed in Section 291.8(a). See 25 C.F.R. § 291.8. On the other hand, if the state submits an alternative proposal within the sixty-day period, the Secretary must appoint a mediator to "convene a process to resolve differences between the two proposals." 25 C.F.R. § 291.9(b). The mediator is charged with "select[ing] from the two proposals the one that best comports with the terms of IGRA and any other applicable Federal law. The mediator must submit the proposal selected to the Indian tribe, the State, and the Secretary." 25 C.F.R. § 291.10(b). Following the mediator's decision, the Secretary must either approve the chosen proposal, and issue Secretarial Procedures, or disapprove it for one of the seven reasons listed in Section 291.11(b) (which mirror those found in Section 291.8(a)). 25 C.F.R. § 291.11(a) and (b). If the proposal is not approved at this stage, then the Secretary "must prescribe appropriate [Secretarial Procedures] within 60 days under which Class III gaming may take place that comport with the mediator's selected proposal as much as possible, the provisions of IGRA, and the relevant provisions of the laws of the State." 25 C.F.R. § 291.11(c).
The genesis of this case is the Pojoaque's attempt to negotiate a Class III gaming compact with New Mexico. More than 180 days after the Pojoaque submitted a request to negotiate with the State, the Tribe brought suit under IGRA in federal district court, seeking a declaration that New Mexico had failed to negotiate in good faith. New Mexico asserted sovereign immunity, and the court dismissed the case on that basis. The Pojoaque then asked the Secretary to initiate the Part 291 process and issue Class III gaming procedures. The Secretary subsequently informed New Mexico that DOI had determined, pursuant to 25 C.F.R. § 291.6, that the Pojoaque had met the eligibility requirements of the Part 291 regulations; the Secretary thus invited the State to comment on the Pojoaque's proposal or submit an alternative proposal within sixty days.
Before the end of the sixty-day period, New Mexico filed this case against the Secretary, seeking a declaration that the Part 291 regulations are invalid and an order enjoining DOI from developing Secretarial Procedures for the Pojoaque pursuant to the regulations. The Tribe filed a motion to intervene; the district court granted it, but only on a permissive basis, pursuant to Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 24(b). More specifically, the court allowed the Tribe "to intervene as a defendant ... and join in the other Defendants' motion for summary judgment on the purely legal question of [the regulations'] validity." Aplee.'s Supp. App. at 71–72. New Mexico then filed a motion for a preliminary injunction, which the district court denied. Following the denial of its motion, the State submitted comments and an alternative proposal to the Secretary. See Aplee.'s Br. at 14.3
The State, and the Secretary joined by the Pojoaque, subsequently moved for summary judgment. The district court granted New Mexico's motion and denied that of the Secretary, which also effectively denied the Tribe relief. The court ruled that (1) New Mexico had standing to bring suit, (2) its challenge was ripe for judicial review, (3) the Part 291 regulations were not a valid exercise of the Secretary's power under IGRA, and (4) Seminole Tribe did not require the court to hold any additional IGRA provisions invalid, an issue that the Pojoaque had raised in its memorandum in support of the Secretary's motion. The court thus barred the Secretary and DOI "from taking any further action to enforce 25 C.F.R. § 291 et seq." Aplts.' App. at 66. The Secretary and the Pojoaque now appeal.
On appeal, DOI and the Pojoaque contend that (1) New Mexico lacks standing to challenge the Part 291 regulations, (2) the State's claim is not ripe, and (3) the regulations are a valid exercise of the Secretary's authority under IGRA. The Pojoaque further asserts that if we were to conclude that Part 291 is invalid, we should undertake a severability analysis and, in light of the Supreme Court's decision in Seminole Tribe, strike down additional portions of IGRA because IGRA's jurisdiction-granting clause is not severable. Below, we first determine that New Mexico has standing and its claim is ripe; thus, we may properly exercise jurisdiction. Next, we conclude that the Part 291 regulations are not a valid exercise of the Secretary's authority; specifically, they are invalid because they are foreclosed by IGRA's unambiguous text. Lastly, we determine that the severability issue raised by the Pojoaque is properly before us but that the jurisdiction-granting clause is severable. We thus affirm the district court's grant of New Mexico's motion for summary judgment and its denial of the Secretary's motion for summary judgment.
*4 DOI first contends that New Mexico lacks standing.4 "The constitutional requirements for standing are (1) an injury in fact, (2) a causal connection between the injury and the challenged act, and (3) a likelihood that the injury will be redressed by a favorable decision." Roe No. 2 v. Ogden, 253 F.3d 1225, 1228–29 (10th Cir. 2001) (citing Vt. Agency of Nat. Res. v. United States ex. rel. Stevens, 529 U.S. 765, 771, 120 S.Ct. 1858, 146 L.Ed.2d 836 (2000)). Before us, DOI challenges New Mexico's standing only on the basis of the first requirement, arguing that the State has suffered no injury in fact. The district court rejected this argument, finding that the State had demonstrated an injury sufficient for standing purposes. We review this finding de novo, see Roe No. 2, 253 F.3d at 1228, and conclude that New Mexico has demonstrated an injury in fact on two independent bases: first, it has suffered a procedural injury in that the Part 291 regulations have stripped New Mexico of certain procedural protections or benefits conferred by IGRA; and, second, it has been subjected by DOI to a harmful forced choice regarding whether to participate in the allegedly unlawful Part 291 process. Our confidence in our holding on both fronts, moreover, is bolstered by our recognition that, as a state, New Mexico is entitled to special solicitude on the issue of standing.
New Mexico has standing because it has suffered a procedural injury. The Supreme Court has recognized that, for standing purposes, a party's injury may be a procedural one "so long as the procedures in question are designed to protect some threatened concrete interest of [the party] that is the ultimate basis of [its] standing." Lujan v. Defs. of Wildlife, 504 U.S. 555, 573 n.8, 112 S.Ct. 2130, 119 L.Ed.2d 351 (1992); see also Summers v. Earth Island Inst., 555 U.S. 488, 496, 129 S.Ct. 1142, 173 L.Ed.2d 1 (2009) (recognizing that standing may be grounded in "a procedural right [that a person has been accorded] to protect his concrete interests" (quoting Lujan, 504 U.S. at 572 n.7, 112 S.Ct. 2130)); WildEarth Guardians v. EPA, 759 F.3d 1196, 1205 (10th Cir. 2014) (noting that, to demonstrate an injury in fact, a plaintiff need only show that the procedures at issue "are designed to protect some threatened concrete interest of [the person] that is the ultimate basis of standing" (alteration in original) (quoting S. Utah Wilderness All. v. Office of Surface Mining Reclamation & Enf't, 620 F.3d 1227, 1234 (10th Cir. 2010))). To establish standing in such circumstances, a plaintiff "need show only that compliance with the procedural requirements could have better protected its concrete interests," WildEarth Guardians, 759 F.3d at 1205, and thus that the procedural violation created a "risk of real harm," Spokeo, Inc. v. Robins, ––– U.S. ––––, 136 S.Ct. 1540, 1549, 194 L.Ed.2d 635 (2016). Further, the Court observed in Lujan that " 'procedural rights' are special: The person who has been accorded a procedural right to protect his concrete interests can assert that right without meeting all the normal standards for redressability and immediacy." Lujan, 504 U.S. at 572 n.7, 112 S.Ct. 2130 ("Thus, under our case law, one living adjacent to the site for proposed construction of a federally licensed dam has standing to challenge the licensing agency's failure to prepare an environmental impact statement, even though he cannot establish with any certainty that the statement will cause the license to be withheld or altered, and even though the dam will not be completed for many years.").
We have frequently found standing based on a procedural injury in cases in which environmental groups have alleged that an agency failed to follow the required procedures in taking an action that negatively impacted members' concrete interest in protecting and enjoying the affected land. See, e.g., WildEarth Guardians, 759 F.3d at 1205 (concluding that the failure of the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") to consult with another federal regulatory agency before issuing a federal implementation plan was a procedural injury that supported standing because adherence to procedural requirements could have better protected plaintiff members' concrete interest in enjoyment of land); S. Utah Wilderness All., 620 F.3d at 1235 (concluding that plaintiff had standing to challenge Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement's failure to prepare a recommendation to DOI regarding a private party's mining plan because this procedural injury affected plaintiff's concrete interest in protecting the area where mining was to take place); see also Summers, 555 U.S. at 497, 129 S.Ct. 1142 (suggesting that plaintiffs would have had standing based on procedural injury had they been denied the opportunity to file comments on a Forest Service plan that would have impinged on their concrete interest in observing nature in the specific area affected).
*5 In addition to environmental cases, courts have also relied on the procedural-injury doctrine in other contexts in which statutorily mandated procedures were designed to protect plaintiffs' interests. See, e.g., Parsons v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 801 F.3d 701, 712–13 (6th Cir. 2015) (concluding that "Juggalos," fans of the Insane Clown Posse musical group, had standing where they alleged that the National Gang Intelligence Center had violated the Administrative Procedure Act ("APA") in issuing a report on gang activity without adhering to required procedures, thus causing them to be discussed in a report, which in turn caused concrete harm to their reputational interests); Beeman v. TDI Managed Care Servs., Inc., 449 F.3d 1035, 1039–40 (9th Cir. 2006) (holding that plaintiff pharmacies "ma[d]e out a procedural injury: the failure on the part of the [Pharmacy Benefit Managers] to follow the statutory procedures requiring [that] they conduct studies and provide them to third parties," a failure that threatened the pharmacies' interest in the outcome of future third-party payor decisions).
In this vein, New Mexico has demonstrated a procedural injury sufficient for Article III standing in the present case. Specifically, New Mexico asserts that the Part 291 regulations deprive it of a procedural right that IGRA accords states—specifically, the right to a judicial finding that it has failed to negotiate in good faith, before a mediator or the Secretary are authorized to become involved in defining the terms under which Class III gaming can be conducted within its borders. See 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(B)(iii)–(vii) (outlining the process under which a tribe may ask the Secretary to prescribe gaming procedures following a judicial finding that a state has failed to negotiate in good faith). Indeed, absent a judicial finding that a state has not negotiated in good faith, a tribe cannot secure Class III gaming under the regime of IGRA without directly engaging with a state and hammering out the terms of a compact. See Texas v. United States, 497 F.3d 491, 494 (5th Cir. 2007) ("If the court finds the state negotiated in good faith, the tribe's proposal [for Class III gaming] fails"); id. at 508 ("IGRA allows Class III gaming to be imposed by the Secretary following exhaustion of the judicial good-faith/mediation process...."). This procedural right is designed to protect the State's interest in helping to shape without federal interference the terms under which the Pojoaque may conduct Class III gaming within its territory. Even DOI recognizes that the State's interest in such gaming terms is not insubstantial or speculative. See Aplt. DOI's Opening Br. at 22 ("[T]he State's concrete interest lies in the terms on which a tribe may (or may not) conduct gaming—for example, the types of gaming allowed or whether the tribe will rely on the State for particular services."). It is clear to us that the loss of this procedural right—which the Part 291 regulations would allegedly effect—at least threatens this concrete interest by fundamentally changing the process under which a state and a tribe negotiate a compact and, more specifically, altering the circumstances under which the tribe may bypass the state and seek relief from DOI. See Texas, 497 F.3d at 508 ("Under the Secretarial procedures, however, it matters not that a state undertook good-faith negotiations with the tribe: The Secretary may prescribe Class III gaming irrespective of a state's good faith."). This substantial risk to this interest establishes the requisite injury in fact for standing purposes. See Spokeo, 136 S.Ct. at 1549 (noting that a procedural violation may amount to an injury in fact where it creates a "risk of real harm"). We therefore conclude that New Mexico has demonstrated that it has suffered a procedural injury as a result of the Part 291 regulations.
The validity of this conclusion is underscored by the D.C. Circuit's analysis in Delaware Dep't of Nat. Res. & Envtl. Control v. Fed. Energy Regulatory Comm'n, 558 F.3d 575 (D.C. Cir. 2009), which discusses the Fifth Circuit's reasoning in Texas v. United States, a case in which Texas challenged the Part 291 regulations on the same basis that New Mexico has here and the court held that Texas had standing to do so.5 Although the Fifth Circuit's opinion did not explicitly characterize the injury that Texas had suffered as a procedural one, in later interpreting its injury-in-fact ruling, the D.C. Circuit commented that
*6 the key to the court's conclusion that Texas had suffered an injury-in-fact was that Texas had been deprived of an alleged statutory procedural protection—a court finding on whether Texas had negotiated in bad faith—that bore on the likelihood of an ultimate concrete injury, i.e., the Secretary's approval of an Indian gaming proposal.
Delaware Dep't of Nat. Res. & Envtl. Control, 558 F.3d at 579. Thus, the D.C. Circuit reasoned, the injury that prompted the Texas court to find standing was the procedural injury to Texas of being deprived of a bad-faith finding. This characterization of Texas aligns perfectly with our conclusion that New Mexico has suffered a procedural injury sufficient to support standing in the present case by being deprived of a judicial determination regarding its alleged failure to negotiate in good faith.
Here, New Mexico has a procedural right to a judicial determination of bad faith followed by the statutory mediation process. That process is designed to protect a state's economic and other interests in the regulation of Class III gaming on tribal land, and the circumvention of the statutory process threatens to harm those interests by allowing the issuance of gaming procedures without the state's consent. This deprivation of a procedural right designed to protect a concrete interest is sufficient to establish standing.
In addition to the procedural injury discussed above, we alternatively conclude that New Mexico has suffered an injury because the Part 291 regulations have imposed a forced choice on it: At the end of the process that the regulations contemplate, the Secretary will necessarily issue procedures that will govern the Tribe's Class III gaming activities in New Mexico; if New Mexico wants to have any input into the content of those procedures, it is forced (i.e., compelled) to participate in the Part 291 process, even though it deems that process unlawful, thereby suffering a cognizable injury for standing purposes. Put another way, the Part 291 regulations injure New Mexico by forcing it to choose between participating in a process it considers unlawful and forgoing any benefit from that allegedly unlawful process—viz., the benefit of being able to offer input, presumably beneficial to its interests, relating to the content of those procedures. See Thomas v. Union Carbide Agric. Prods. Co., 473 U.S. 568, 582, 105 S.Ct. 3325, 87 L.Ed.2d 409 (1985) ( "[A]ppellees clearly have standing to contest EPA's issuance of follow-on registrations pursuant to what they contend is an unconstitutional statutory provision. They allege an injury from EPA's unlawful conduct—the injury of being forced to choose between relinquishing any right to compensation from a follow-on registrant or engaging in an unconstitutional [arbitral] adjudication."); Texas, 497 F.3d at 497 ("Texas's only alternative to participating in this allegedly invalid process is to forfeit its sole opportunity to comment upon Kickapoo gaming regulations, a forced choice that is itself sufficient to support standing.").
*7 In concluding that Texas had been subjected to a forced-choice injury, Chief Judge Jones stressed that "[t]he alleged injury is not hypothetical because the Secretarial Procedures have already been applied to Texas." 497 F.3d at 497. In this regard, the judge observed: "The Kickapoo Tribe submitted a Class III gaming application to the [DOI], the Secretary notified Texas and the tribe that the application met the relevant eligibility requirements, and the Secretary invited Texas to comment on the proposal and submit an alternative proposal." Id. As noted supra, New Mexico has confronted essentially the same scenario, and we concur with Chief Judge Jones's reasoning in holding that this renders New Mexico's alleged injury (resulting from a forced choice) concrete and non-conjectural; it is an independently sufficient injury for standing purposes.
The soundness of this conclusion, moreover, is underscored by the Court's observation in Lujan regarding the nature of the alleged injury for standing purposes that is effected where the plaintiff is the target of the government's action: "When the suit is one challenging the legality of government action or inaction ... [and] the plaintiff is himself an object of the action (or forgone action) at issue ..., there is ordinarily little question that the action or inaction has caused [the plaintiff] injury...." Lujan, 504 U.S. at 561–62, 112 S.Ct. 2130; see Texas, 497 F.3d at 498 (quoting the same passage of Lujan to support a like proposition). There is no doubt that New Mexico is the object of the government's forced-choice action; under Lujan's reasoning, that means ordinarily New Mexico will have suffered an injury from that action. And, based on our analysis supra, we believe that is so, and this injury under the circumstances here is sufficient for standing purposes.
In reaching these standing conclusions, we are mindful of the Supreme Court's statement in Massachusetts v. EPA that states are "entitled to special solicitude in our standing analysis." 549 U.S. 497, 520, 127 S.Ct. 1438, 167 L.Ed.2d 248 (2007). We have previously recognized that Massachusetts requires that a state be afforded some special consideration when analyzing its standing to bring suit, despite "the lack of guidance on how lower courts are to apply the special solicitude doctrine to standing questions." Wyoming v. U.S. Dep't of Interior, 674 F.3d 1220, 1238 (10th Cir. 2012); see also New Mexico ex rel. Richardson v. Bureau of Land Mgmt., 565 F.3d 683, 696 n.13 (10th Cir. 2009) (noting that consideration of special solicitude supported conclusion that state had standing); Utah ex rel. Div. of Forestry, Fire & State Lands v. United States, 528 F.3d 712, 721 (10th Cir. 2008) (same); cf. Texas v. United States, 809 F.3d 134, 162 (5th Cir. 2015) ("[O]ur determination that Texas has standing is based in part on the 'special solicitude' we afford it under Massachusetts v. EPA...."), aff'd by an equally divided court, ––– U.S. ––––, 136 S.Ct. 2271, 195 L.Ed.2d 638 (2016). Thus the Supreme Court's direction that we give states special solicitude in analyzing standing provides further support for each basis establishing New Mexico's standing.
In sum, we conclude that the State has demonstrated injury in fact, and we therefore reject DOI's challenge to its standing to bring the present case.
We turn next to DOI's argument that the present case is not ripe for review because the Secretary has not yet prescribed any gaming procedures for the Pojoaque and may never do so. The district court found that New Mexico's claim was ripe. Reviewing this determination de novo, Utah v. U.S. Dep't of Interior, 535 F.3d 1184, 1191 (10th Cir. 2008), we agree.
"The ripeness doctrine aims to prevent the courts, through avoidance of premature adjudication, from entangling themselves in abstract disagreements." Rural Water Dist. No. 2 v. City of Glenpool, 698 F.3d 1270, 1275 (10th Cir. 2012). "In evaluating ripeness the 'central focus is on whether the case involves uncertain or contingent future events that may not occur as anticipated, or indeed may not occur at all.' " Initiative & Referendum Inst. v. Walker, 450 F.3d 1082, 1097–98 (10th Cir. 2006) (quoting New Mexicans for Bill Richardson v. Gonzales, 64 F.3d 1495, 1499 (10th Cir. 1995)). Specifically, in considering the ripeness of challenges to federal agency action, we have considered four factors: "(1) whether the issues involved are purely legal, (2) whether the agency's action is final, (3) whether the action has or will have an immediate impact on the petitioner, and (4) whether resolution of the issue will assist the agency in effective enforcement and administration." Qwest Commc'ns Int'l, Inc. v. FCC, 398 F.3d 1222, 1231–32 (10th Cir. 2005); accord Mobil Expl. & Producing U.S., Inc. v. Dep't of Interior, 180 F.3d 1192, 1197 (10th Cir. 1999). Applying these factors, we agree with the district court that this case is ripe for review.
*8 Beginning with the first factor, the parties agree—as do we—that the issues in this appeal are purely legal. New Mexico challenges the Secretary's authority to promulgate and enforce the Part 291 regulations as a matter of law; thus, the resolution of the merits of the parties' dispute depends entirely on legal matters. Turning to the second factor, we think it clear that the relevant agency action—DOI's promulgation of the Part 291 regulations—is final. As the Fifth Circuit explained in Texas, "[t]he challenged [regulations] are a 'final agency action,' as they are final rules that were promulgated through a formal, notice-and-comment rulemaking process after announcement in the Federal Register." 497 F.3d at 499 (citing Abbott Labs. v. Gardner, 387 U.S. 136, 150–51, 87 S.Ct. 1507, 18 L.Ed.2d 681 (1967), abrogated on other grounds by Califano v. Sanders, 430 U.S. 99, 97 S.Ct. 980, 51 L.Ed.2d 192 (1977)); see also Toilet Goods Ass'n, Inc. v. Gardner, 387 U.S. 158, 162, 87 S.Ct. 1520, 18 L.Ed.2d 697 (1967) ("[T]here can be no question that this regulation—promulgated in a formal manner after notice and evaluation of submitted comments—is a 'final agency action' under [the APA]."); Nat'l Mining Ass'n v. Jackson, 768 F.Supp.2d 34, 46 (D.D.C. 2011) (noting, as to agency's argument that its actions could not be final until it granted or denied any permit it had subjected to the challenged process, that the agency had "misse[d] the point of the plaintiff's claim: that the process itself [was] unlawful, and not simply any decisions that may result from the application of that process"). Because the regulations that New Mexico challenges here have been promulgated through a formal rule-making process, we conclude that the relevant agency action is final.6
Moving on to the third factor, our next consideration centers on whether the agency's action—promulgating the Part 291 regulations—has had or will have an immediate impact on New Mexico. The State argues that the regulations have had a direct impact: relying on the Fifth Circuit's analysis in Texas, New Mexico contends that it has been "forced to choose one of two undesirable options: participate in an allegedly invalid process that eliminates a procedural safeguard promised by Congress, or eschew the process with the hope of invalidating it in the future, which risks the approval of gaming procedures in which the state had no input." Aplee.'s Br. at 35 (quoting Texas, 497 F.3d at 499). We agree. Indeed, in light of our standing reasoning supra, and our resulting conclusion that New Mexico has suffered a cognizable injury because of the forced choice imposed on it by DOI, we have no difficulty determining that the impact of the agency's regulations has already been felt by New Mexico. Cf. Initiative & Referendum Inst., 450 F.3d at 1097 ("Standing and ripeness are 'closely related in that each focuses on whether the harm asserted has matured sufficiently to warrant judicial intervention.' " (quoting Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians v. Nielson, 376 F.3d 1223, 1234 (10th Cir. 2004))). We are thus satisfied that New Mexico has already been impacted by the Part 291 regulations, and therefore the third ripeness factor also weighs in the State's favor.
Lastly, as for the fourth factor in the ripeness analysis, a decision from our court on whether DOI may subject states to the Part 291 process will patently assist the agency's administration of the tribal-state compacting process. DOI argues that a ruling would not have such an effect because it has yet to prescribe gaming regulations for any tribe under Part 291. But, again here, the critical point is that New Mexico challenges DOI's authority to engage in the Part 291 process at all, not just to prescribe gaming procedures at its end. Moreover, "[n]othing would be gained by postponing a decision, and the public interest would be well served by a prompt resolution" of the validity of DOI's regulatory scheme. Union Carbide, 473 U.S. at 582, 105 S.Ct. 3325. We thus conclude that this final factor also supports the conclusion that the dispute before us is ripe.
*9 All four factors in the ripeness analysis weigh in favor of the case being ripe for adjudication. Furthermore, other courts have similarly found that plaintiffs have demonstrated ripeness in cases in which they have been subjected to an administrative process, even where that process is still ongoing. See, e.g., Middle S. Energy, Inc. v. Ark. Pub. Serv. Comm'n, 772 F.2d 404, 410–11 (8th Cir. 1985) ("[The plaintiff] challenges not the state's ultimate substantive decision but its authority to even conduct the contemplated [administrative] proceeding. It can hardly be doubted that a controversy sufficiently concrete for judicial review exists when the proceeding sought to be enjoined is already in progress."); Nat'l Mining Ass'n, 768 F.Supp.2d at 46 (finding that plaintiffs' claim was ripe where they challenged an EPA permitting process, despite fact that they had yet to be granted or denied any permit through that process). In sum, New Mexico's challenge to the Part 291 regulations is ripe: its challenge does not invite our involvement in an abstract disagreement, but rather seeks a resolution of a concrete dispute concerning final regulations issued by DOI that have already had an impact on the State.
Having established that New Mexico has standing to challenge the Part 291 regulations and that the dispute is ripe, we now ask whether the regulations are a valid exercise of DOI's authority under IGRA. Reviewing the district court's conclusion de novo, Clements v. Serco, Inc., 530 F.3d 1224, 1227 (10th Cir. 2008), we conclude that they are not.
In determining whether an agency's regulations are valid under a particular statute, as the Supreme Court's decision in Chevron instructs, we begin with the question of whether the statute unambiguously addresses the "precise question at issue." Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, 467 U.S. 837, 842, 104 S.Ct. 2778, 81 L.Ed.2d 694 (1984); accord United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians of Okla. v. U.S. Dep't of Hous. & Urban Dev., 567 F.3d 1235, 1239–40 (10th Cir. 2009); see also Keller Tank Servs. II, Inc. v. Comm'r, 848 F.3d 1251, 1269 (10th Cir. 2017) (noting that "[t]he Chevron-deference analysis proceeds in two steps," and explicating them both). "If Congress has spoken directly to the issue, that is the end of the matter; the court, as well as the agency, must give effect to Congress's unambiguously expressed intent." Keetoowah Band, 567 F.3d at 1240 (emphasis added). However, if the statute is silent or ambiguous as to the precise question at issue, a court must determine whether to afford the agency's interpretation Chevron deference. Id. Such deference is appropriate if " 'Congress delegated authority to the agency generally to make rules carrying the force of law' and the agency's interpretation of the statute was issued pursuant to that authority." Carpio v. Holder, 592 F.3d 1091, 1096–97 (10th Cir. 2010) (quoting United States v. Mead Corp., 533 U.S. 218, 226–27, 121 S.Ct. 2164, 150 L.Ed.2d 292 (2001)). If these conditions are satisfied, then we defer to the agency's interpretation of the statute as long as it is not "arbitrary, capricious, [n]or manifestly contrary to the statute," id. at 1096 (alteration in original) (quoting Herrera–Castillo v. Holder, 573 F.3d 1004, 1007 (10th Cir. 2009)).
We thus begin our analysis by defining the precise question and then considering whether Congress unambiguously addressed that question.
We begin by determining whether IGRA unambiguously answers the precise question at issue here. As other courts have recognized, "the resolution of this threshold inquiry will be at least influenced, if not determined, by how broadly we frame the 'precise question.' " Bank of Am., N.A. v. FDIC, 244 F.3d 1309, 1316 (11th Cir. 2001); see also Cent. States Motor Freight Bureau, Inc. v. Interstate Commerce Comm'n, 924 F.2d 1099, 1112 (D.C. Cir. 1991) (Silberman, J., dissenting) ("I think it very important to be said, that if the [court were to] read the 'precise question at issue' too broadly the Supreme Court's decision in Chevron can be undermined and appropriate deference to an agency interpretation would thereby be avoided.").
*10 Here, the parties dispute how to frame the precise question addressed by the Part 291 regulations. On one hand, New Mexico urges us to adopt the framing used by the district court—viz., the precise question at issue is "whether IGRA has spoken to the situations where the Secretary may adopt regulations allowing a Tribe to conduct gaming activities without a compact with the State." Aplts.' App. at 60. Under this framing of the question, the district court found that IGRA was unambiguous because the statute makes clear that the Secretary may only adopt such regulatory procedures after a federal court finds that the State has failed to negotiate in good faith and has ordered mediation between the parties. On the other hand, DOI argues that the question before us is whether the Secretary may prescribe gaming procedures for a tribe when a state asserts its sovereign immunity from a tribe's suit, resulting in the suit's dismissal. As explained below, we ultimately settle on a framing closer to the one the district court adopted.
Although Chevron itself does not offer much discussion on how to frame the precise question at issue in a given case, the Supreme Court later described the step-one inquiry as whether "the statute is silent or ambiguous with respect to the specific issue addressed by the regulation." K Mart Corp. v. Cartier, Inc., 486 U.S. 281, 291, 108 S.Ct. 1811, 100 L.Ed.2d 313 (1988) (emphasis added); see Chevron, 467 U.S. at 837, 104 S.Ct. 2778 (suggesting that the step-one analysis involves asking "if the statute is silent or ambiguous with respect to the specific issue"). Thus, in K Mart, the Court indicated that, at Chevron step one, courts should frame a question that correlates to the specific problem the regulation is designed to address or answer. And, later cases from the Court reflect adherence to this approach. See Mayo Found. for Med. Educ. & Research v. United States, 562 U.S. 44, 52, 131 S.Ct. 704, 178 L.Ed.2d 588 (2011) (evaluating a regulation characterizing medical residents as employees, rather than as students exempt from the Federal Insurance Contributions Act ("FICA"), and holding that the statute did "not define the term 'student,' and does not otherwise attend to the precise question whether medical residents are subject to FICA" (emphasis added)); see also Harbert v. Healthcare Servs. Grp., Inc., 391 F.3d 1140, 1148 (10th Cir. 2004) (finding, where regulation defined term "worksite," that the precise question at issue was "whether Congress expressed a clear intent with respect to the meaning of 'worksite' for an employee who is jointly employed" (emphasis added)).
However, we recognize that, in directly speaking to the specific regulatory question or problem, Congress need not "explicitly delineate everything an agency cannot do." Contreras-Bocanegra v. Holder, 678 F.3d 811, 818 (10th Cir. 2012) (en banc) ("Chevron does not require Congress to explicitly delineate everything an agency cannot do before we may conclude that Congress has directly spoken to the issue. Such a rule would 'create an "ambiguity" in almost all statutes, necessitating deference to nearly all agency determinations.' " (quoting Prestol Espinal v. Attorney Gen., 653 F.3d 213, 220 (3d Cir. 2011))); see also Prestol Espinal, 653 F.3d at 221 ("[A] 'statute's silence on a given issue does not confer gap-filling power on an agency unless the question is in fact a gap—an ambiguity tied up with the provisions of the statute.' " (quoting Lin-Zheng v. Attorney Gen., 557 F.3d 147, 156 (3d Cir. 2009) (en banc))).
The Part 291 regulations prescribe the conditions under which the Secretary can issue Class III gaming procedures for a tribe that is unable to enter into a compact with a state. More specifically, they address the situation where a tribe's compact negotiations with a state under IGRA have failed and the state has invoked sovereign immunity to the tribe's IGRA lawsuit. See 25 C.F.R. § 291.1. They expressly present the question of "[w]hen may an Indian tribe ask the Secretary to issue Class III gaming procedures?" See 25 C.F.R. § 291.3. And they answer that a tribe may ask the Secretary to issue procedures when (1) it has submitted a written request to negotiate to the state; (2) the negotiations have been unsuccessful after 180 days from the receipt of the request; (3) the tribe sued the state, alleging bad faith; (4) the state raised the Eleventh Amendment as a defense; and (5) the court dismissed the case on that basis. Id. Though Congress did not envision the holding of Seminole Tribe, we conclude that it has spoken in IGRA to the specific question that Part 291 is designed to address: that is, when is the Secretary authorized to issue Class III gaming procedures for a tribe that has been unable to enter into a compact with a state?
*11 Thus, we begin our Chevron inquiry by asking when (i.e., under what circumstances) can the Secretary issue Class III gaming procedures for a tribe that has been unable to enter into a compact with a state—for example, as most relevant here, because the state has invoked sovereign immunity to the tribe's IGRA lawsuit. As the Supreme Court's opinion in Seminole Tribe makes clear, at the time it drafted IGRA, Congress did not contemplate that it lacked the authority to make states subject to suit under 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7). See Seminole Tribe, 517 U.S. at 76, 116 S.Ct. 1114 ("Nor are we free to rewrite the statutory scheme in order to approximate what we think Congress might have wanted had it known that § 2710(d)(7) was beyond its authority." (emphasis added)). Yet, despite Congress's failure to foresee the Court's ruling in Seminole Tribe, it spoke clearly in crafting a detailed remedial scheme that tightly circumscribed when the Secretary could issue Class III gaming procedures absent a compact. Notably, Congress established a judicial finding of bad faith negotiation by the state as a precondition for the issuance of such procedures.
In conducting our Chevron step-one analysis, we "[e]mploy [ ] traditional tools of statutory construction." INS v. Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. 421, 446, 107 S.Ct. 1207, 94 L.Ed.2d 434 (1987); accord Chevron, 467 U.S. at 843 n.9, 104 S.Ct. 2778; De Niz Robles v. Lynch, 803 F.3d 1165, 1173 (10th Cir. 2015) ("[T]o reach Chevron step two the agency must first establish that traditional tools of statutory interpretation fail to reveal 'what the law has always meant.' "). "These tools include examination of the statute's text, structure, purpose, history, and relationship to other statutes." Am. Fed'n of Gov't Emps., Local 1592 v. Fed. Labor Relations Auth., 836 F.3d 1291, 1295 (10th Cir. 2016) (quoting Harbert, 391 F.3d at 1147); see Keller, 848 F.3d at 1269 ("The 'plainness or ambiguity of statutory language is determined by reference to the language itself, the specific context in which that language is used, and the broader context of the statute as a whole.' If the statute is not ambiguous, our inquiry ends there." (citation omitted) (quoting Robinson v. Shell Oil Co., 519 U.S. 337, 340, 341, 117 S.Ct. 843, 136 L.Ed.2d 808 (1997))). Thus, we read statutory language in context because "[t]he meaning—or ambiguity—of certain words or phrases may only become evident when placed in context." FDA v. Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp., 529 U.S. 120, 132, 120 S.Ct. 1291, 146 L.Ed.2d 121 (2000). We also "must be guided to a degree by common sense as to the manner in which Congress is likely to delegate a policy decision of such economic and political magnitude to an administrative agency."7 Id. at 133, 120 S.Ct. 1291 (citing MCI Telecomms. Corp v. AT&T Co., 512 U.S. 218, 231, 114 S.Ct. 2223, 129 L.Ed.2d 182 (1994)). We begin with an examination of IGRA's text and structure.
*12 Here, unlike in Chevron—where the Court held that the broad language of the Clean Air Act did not foreclose the EPA's interpretation, see 467 U.S. at 861, 104 S.Ct. 2778—the text of IGRA is explicit. Indeed, its remedial process is so specific and detailed as to verge on the mechanical. There's simply no play in the joints of this scheme that would permit the Secretary to issue gaming procedures outside of the narrow circumstances prescribed by Congress.
"Regardless of how serious the problem an administrative agency seeks to address, ... it may not exercise its authority 'in a manner that is inconsistent with the administrative structure that Congress enacted into law.' " Brown & Williamson, 529 U.S. at 125, 120 S.Ct. 1291 (quoting ETSI Pipeline Project v. Missouri, 484 U.S. 495, 517, 108 S.Ct. 805, 98 L.Ed.2d 898 (1988)). In IGRA, Congress created an administrative structure that assigns federal courts—not DOI—primary responsibility for facilitating tribal-state compacts. The statute envisions a role for DOI only after: (1) a tribe sues a state 180 days after it first requested negotiations; (2) a court has made a finding of bad faith on the part of the state; (3) following such a finding, the parties fail to conclude a compact within sixty days, as directed by the court; and (4) after such failure and the court's appointment of a mediator, the state fails to consent to a mediator-proposed compact within sixty days of its being proposed. See 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(B).
Furthermore, even where all of these steps have been met, the Secretary's role is limited: "the Secretary shall prescribe, in consultation with the Indian tribe, procedures ... which are consistent with the proposed compact selected by the [court-appointed] mediator ..., the provisions of this chapter, and the relevant provisions of the laws of the State." 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(B)(vii)(I). Notably, Congress has narrowly circumscribed the Secretary's authority in prescribing procedures by cross-referencing previous steps in the judicial remedial process. Accepting DOI's arguments would sweep away these statutory requirements.
To be sure, once the process has reached the point where the Secretary is statutorily authorized to prescribe procedures, there arguably could be more than one permissible reading of the Secretary's authority—for example, regarding what it means to adopt procedures "consistent with the proposed compact." Id. But there is no ambiguity as to when the Secretary's authority is triggered. Part 291 attempts an end run around this clear statutory language by purporting to empower the Secretary to step in without a finding of bad faith if a state asserts sovereign immunity and that assertion results in dismissal of the suit. 25 C.F.R. § 291.3. At bottom, the Secretary is attempting to rewrite IGRA.
In MCI Telecommunications Corp. v. AT&T Co., the Supreme Court struck down the Federal Communications Commission's ("FCC") attempt to fundamentally alter a statutory scheme of regulation, even though Congress had expressly delegated to the FCC broad power to "modify any requirement" of the statutory provision at issue. See 47 U.S.C. § 203(b)(2); 512 U.S. at 234, 114 S.Ct. 2223. The Court reasoned that the statute's "modify" language cannot mean "to change fundamentally," 512 U.S. at 227, 114 S.Ct. 2223, and that the FCC had embarked on "a fundamental revision of the statute, changing it from a [statutorily mandated] scheme of rate regulation in long-distance common-carrier communications to a scheme of rate regulation only where effective competition does not exist," id. at 231–32, 114 S.Ct. 2223. The Court struck down this attempted rewrite, characterizing it as "effectively the introduction of a whole new regime of regulation (or of free-market competition), which may well be a better regime but is not the one that Congress established." Id. at 234, 114 S.Ct. 2223. We find ourselves in a similar place.
*13 The remedial scheme adopted by DOI differs from that created by Congress in fundamental ways. First, IGRA requires a finding by a federal court that a state failed to negotiate in good faith, 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(A), whereas Part 291 has no such requirement, 25 C.F.R. § 291.3. Furthermore, under the statute, if a tribe and state fail to reach an agreement within sixty days of being ordered to do so by the court, the court must appoint a mediator. 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(B)(iv). Under the regulations, on the other hand, the Secretary must appoint a mediator only if a state submits an alternative proposal. 25 C.F.R. § 291.9. These differences are important, but they actually pale in comparison to the outcomes possible under each regime.
Irrespective of a state's good faith in bargaining, Part 291 guarantees to tribes the issuance of procedures for Class III gaming. See Texas, 497 F.3d at 508 ("Under the Secretarial Procedures ... it matters not that a state undertook good-faith negotiations with the tribe: The Secretary may prescribe Class III gaming irrespective of a state's good faith."). "This result contravenes the plain language of IGRA," id. which allows for the possibility that a state will be able to carry its burden to show good faith, resulting in either a return to the negotiation table or the end of the road for a tribe's attempt to obtain a compact or procedures permitting gaming. See id. at 494 ("If the court finds the state negotiated in good faith, the tribe's proposal fails."). Thus, Part 291 completely upsets IGRA's "carefully crafted and intricate remedial scheme." Seminole Tribe, 517 U.S. at 73–74, 116 S.Ct. 1114. Indeed, Part 291 is similar to the rule invalidated in MCI in that it fundamentally alters a statutory regulatory scheme. Compare 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7)(B)(ii)–(iii) (requiring additional efforts to negotiate a tribal-state compact only after a judicial determination that the state failed to negotiate in good faith), with 25 C.F.R. §§ 291.7–.9, 291.11 (providing for the issuance of procedures permitting Class III gaming in every instance).
Congress has not delegated to the Secretary express authority to make such fundamental alterations to IGRA's statutory requirements. At best, DOI's authority to issue the regulations in question rests on its "general authority" under 25 U.S.C. §§ 2, 9, combined with the specific mandates in IGRA itself. See Aplt. DOI's Opening Br. at 46. In this regard DOI's position is even weaker than that of the FCC in MCI: DOI has no express authority to "modify any requirement," 512 U.S. at 225, 114 S.Ct. 2223, of the statutory scheme established by Congress in IGRA. The absence of such an express delegation of authority is conspicuous.
Moreover, "we must be guided to a degree by common sense as to the manner in which Congress is likely to delegate a policy decision of such economic and political magnitude to an administrative agency." Brown & Williamson Tobacco, 529 U.S. at 133, 120 S.Ct. 1291. We are confident that Congress did not intend to implicitly delegate such authority to the Secretary given the "significant governmental interests" of competing sovereigns—including the powerful economic interests involved in the regulation of Class III gaming—that it attempted to balance in IGRA. The balancing of such important interests is not "the kind of highly technical, specialized interstitial matter that Congress often does not decide itself, but delegates to specialized agencies to decide." Zuni Pub. Sch. Dist. No. 89 v. Dep't of Educ., 550 U.S. 81, 90, 127 S.Ct. 1534, 167 L.Ed.2d 449 (2007). Had Congress intended to give such power to the Secretary, we believe that it would have done so in a clear manner; instead, it undertook to balance those interests itself in IGRA. See Whitman v. Am. Trucking Ass'ns, 531 U.S. 457, 468, 121 S.Ct. 903, 149 L.Ed.2d 1 (2001) ("Congress, we have held, does not alter the fundamental details of a regulatory scheme in vague terms or ancillary provisions—it does not, one might say, hide elephants in mouseholes." (citing MCI, 512 U.S. at 231, 114 S.Ct. 2223; Brown & Williamson Tobacco, 529 U.S. at 159–60, 120 S.Ct. 1291)). We find implausible the Secretary's assertion of implicit power to create an alternative to the explicit and detailed remedial scheme that IGRA prescribes. On the contrary, IGRA expressly forecloses the procedures adopted by DOI in Part 291.
*14 DOI argues that "Congress drew a map in which all roads lead to some kind of gaming procedures." Aplt. DOI's Opening Br. at 34. In particular, DOI relies on IGRA's legislative history, which it characterizes as "clearly establish[ing] that Congress's foremost goal was to ensure that tribes would have access to gaming procedures, and the specific process it formulated under Section 2710(d)(7) was in aid of that ultimate goal." Id. at 36. In addressing DOI's argument, we assume arguendo that an inquiry into legislative history is generally appropriate at Chevron step one and, more specifically, that it is appropriate even where the statute's text and structure evince Congress's intent with crystalline clarity, as here. Compare Vill. of Barrington v. Surface Trans. Bd., 636 F.3d 650, 666 (D.C. Cir. 2011) (stating, "we would be uncomfortable relying on such legislative history at Chevron step one"), and Phillips Petroleum Co. v. Lujan, 4 F.3d 858, 861 (10th Cir. 1993) ("The best evidence of Congressional intent is the text of the statute itself and where the language is unambiguous, our inquiry is complete."), with Cardoza-Fonseca, 480 U.S. at 432 n.12, 107 S.Ct. 1207 (1987) ("[T]he plain language of this statute appears to settle the question before us. Therefore, we look to the legislative history to determine only whether there is 'clearly expressed legislative intention' contrary to that language, which would require us to question the strong presumption that Congress expresses its intent through the language it chooses."), and id. at 446, 107 S.Ct. 1207 (discussing Chevron and stating that "[e]mploying traditional tools of statutory construction, we have concluded that Congress did not intend the two [statutory] standards to be identical"), and Nat. Res. Def. Council, Inc. v. Browner, 57 F.3d 1122, 1127 (D.C. Cir. 1995) ("Where the terms of a statute are unambiguous, further judicial inquiry into the intent of the drafters is generally unnecessary.... Reference to statutory design and pertinent legislative history may often shed new light on congressional intent, notwithstanding statutory language that appears 'superficially clear.' " (emphases added) (citations omitted) (quoting Am. Scholastic TV Programming Found. v. FCC, 46 F.3d 1173, 1180 (D.C. Cir. 1995)). However, having examined the legislative history, we conclude that it actually undermines DOI's position.
Significantly, DOI is unable to cite to any evidence from the legislative history that substantiates its claim that Congress intended for IGRA's negotiations process to invariably result in the issuance of Class III gaming procedures. DOI concedes that IGRA attempts to balance the competing interests of states and tribes "on the basis of 'equal sovereign[ty]' between" them. Aplt. DOI's Opening Br. at 36 (alteration in original) (quoting S. Rep. No. 100-446, at 13 (1988), as reprinted in 1988 U.S.C.C.A.N. at 3083). In this regard, recognizing "the need to provide some incentive for States to negotiate with tribes in good faith," Congress chose "as the least offensive option, to grant tribes the right to sue a State if a compact is not negotiated and chose to apply the good faith standard." S. Rep. No. 100-446, at 13–14 (1988), as reprinted in 1988 U.S.C.C.A.N. at 3084. This system of voluntary negotiation, fortified by the states' duty to bargain in good faith, aims to strike an appropriate balance between equal sovereigns. Equal bargaining cannot be had, however, where the parties know that, absent an agreement, one side will nevertheless obtain its fundamental goals; yet, this is precisely the situation that the Part 291 regulations prescribe, where ultimately the tribe will secure gaming procedures. Such an arrangement fundamentally alters the bargaining power of the parties and undoes Congress's delicate balancing of the competing state and tribal interests at stake—making Part 291 a far cry from the "least offensive option."
In IGRA, Congress effectively asserted that "in the final analysis, it is the responsibility of the Congress, consistent with its plenary power over Indian affairs, to balance competing policy interests and to adjust, where appropriate, the jurisdictional framework for regulation of gaming on Indian lands." S. Rep. No. 100-446, at 3 (1988), as reprinted in 1988 U.S.C.C.A.N. at 3072. In light of our reading of IGRA's statutory text, structure, and history—fortified by our common-sense assessment of the importance of the sovereign and economic interests at stake—we hold that Congress has spoken in IGRA to the specific issue addressed by the Part 291 regulations, and it has thus effectively foreclosed DOI's attempt to craft a parallel remedial scheme.
DOI offers two arguments that attempt to inject ambiguity into IGRA's otherwise unambiguous text. First, DOI argues that "[c]ourts that have examined potential conflicts within a statute, including conflicts between statutory language and Congress's unambiguously expressed purpose, have held that those conflicts demonstrate an ambiguity that requires agency interpretation." Aplt. DOI's Opening Br. at 38. But the cases that DOI cites do not support this assertion. Scialabba v. Cuellar de Osorio, ––– U.S. ––––, 134 S.Ct. 2191, 189 L.Ed.2d 98 (2014), dealt, not with tension between statutory purpose and text, but rather with the tension between the text of two parts of the same provision. Id. at 2203 ("And § 1153(h)(3) does not speak unambiguously to the issue here—or more precisely put, it addresses that issue in divergent ways. We might call the provision Janus-faced. Its first half looks in one direction, toward the sweeping relief the respondents propose.... But ... the section's second half looks another way, toward a remedy that can apply to only a subset of those beneficiaries...."). Similar textual situations are present in the other cases DOI cites. See Nat'l Ass'n of Home Builders v. Defs. of Wildlife, 551 U.S. 644, 647, 127 S.Ct. 2518, 168 L.Ed.2d 467 (2007) (finding ambiguity because the EPA could not "simultaneously obey the differing mandates of [Endangered Species Act] § 7(a)(2) and [Clean Water Act] § 402(b)"); Lorenzo v. Mukasey, 508 F.3d 1278, 1283 (10th Cir. 2007) (addressing conflict between two provisions of the Immigration and Naturalization Act). DOI's citation to Brown & Williamson Tobacco's recitation of the familiar canon that statutory language should be read in context fails to establish that tensions between statutory text and perceived legislative purpose create interpretive space for an agency to fill. Further, as explained supra, DOI is mistaken in asserting that, in IGRA, Congress intended for the process to always result in permitting Class III gaming—IGRA's text and history do not bear that out.
*15 Second, DOI argues "that a subsequent court decision can reveal ambiguity in a statute." Aplt. DOI's Opening Br. at 40. In support of this position, DOI cites three cases from our sister circuits. All of these cases involved the Commissioner of Social Security's administration of the Coal Act, 26 U.S.C. § 9701 et seq.—less commonly known as the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act—a regulatory scheme designed in part "to identify the coal operators most responsible for benefit plan liabilities and to enlist them to provide benefits to retirees" who might otherwise not receive benefits. See, e.g., Pittston Co. v. United States, 368 F.3d 385, 390–92 (4th Cir. 2004). The Coal Act did so by requiring the Commissioner to assign retirees to an operator remaining in business and signatory to a relevant coal wage agreement. See 26 U.S.C. § 9706(a). Three such categories of operators were enumerated, with the second serving as a fallback in case no operator fell under the first category with respect to that retiree, and the third category serving as a fallback in case the retiree could not be assigned under the first or second categories. Id.
In Eastern Enterprises v. Apfel, 524 U.S. 498, 118 S.Ct. 2131, 141 L.Ed.2d 451 (1998), however, the Supreme Court struck down the application of the third category to certain operators, based on the severe retroactive liability imposed on them. Id. at 536–37, 118 S.Ct. 2131. In response, the Commissioner made assignments under the third category to a more limited universe of employers, resulting in a greater number of assignments and therefore an increase in pension liability to some operators. E.g., Pittston Co., 368 F.3d at 401–02. Three circuits—the Fourth, Sixth, and Eleventh—upheld this administrative action. U.S. Steel Corp. v. Astrue, 495 F.3d 1272, 1288–89 (11th Cir. 2007); Sidney Coal Co. v. Soc. Sec. Admin., 427 F.3d 336 (6th Cir. 2005); Pittston Co., 368 F.3d at 403.
The theory relied on in these cases, and by DOI here, is that cases such as Eastern Enterprises and Seminole Tribe reveal ambiguity latent in a statute from the date of its enactment, as courts do not create but rather find the law, and Congress's action contrary to the Constitution is a nullity. See Texas, 497 F.3d at 515–16 (Dennis, J., dissenting) (analyzing these cases and stating, "The Supreme Court does not create law, it discovers it—and the Supreme Court did not create the gap in this case, but merely declared its existence. Congress itself created the gap or ambiguity by mistakenly overestimating its powers and passing a statute that could not be constitutionally applied as Congress intended."); Aplt. DOI's Opening Br. at 40–44. As this argument goes, in passing a regulatory regime unconstitutional in part, Congress has implicitly left a gap that the agency charged with the statute's administration can fill. As an initial matter, we agree with the opinion of Chief Judge Jones in Texas that the extracircuit cases that DOI cites are distinguishable from this case. The Court's decision in Eastern Enterprises did not completely strike down the third Coal Act category but merely narrowed it and the administrator attempted to carry out the statutory command in light of the Court's holding, rather than circumventing the Coal Act. See Texas, 497 F.3d at 505 n.13.
But we discern an even more fundamental reason to reject DOI's argument; it confuses unconstitutionality with ambiguity. The Supreme Court has consistently described Chevron as creating a presumption that Congress intends statutory ambiguity to be resolved by the agency entrusted with a statutes' administration:
Chevron is rooted in a background presumption of congressional intent: namely, "that Congress, when it left ambiguity in a statute" administered by an agency, "understood that the ambiguity would be resolved, first and foremost, by the agency, and desired the agency (rather than the courts) to possess whatever degree of discretion the ambiguity allows." Chevron thus provides a stable background rule against which Congress can legislate: Statutory ambiguities will be resolved, within the bounds of reasonable interpretation, not by the courts but by the administering agency. Congress knows to speak in plain terms when it wishes to circumscribe, and in capacious terms when it wishes to enlarge, agency discretion.
*16 City of Arlington v. FCC, ––– U.S. ––––, 133 S.Ct. 1863, 1868, 185 L.Ed.2d 941 (2013) (citations omitted). As this language from City of Arlington suggests, Chevron deference is tied to statutory interpretation and statutory text, and thereby to congressional intent as filtered through the requirements of bicameralism and presentment. Thus, we are required to apply Chevron deference to a permissible agency interpretation of a statute that is silent or ambiguous on the specific question at issue.
Chevron does not, however, contemplate that a judicial decision, like Seminole Tribe, could turn a clear, unambiguous statute into an ambiguous one, by declaring a portion of it unconstitutional. The Supreme Court has never held that, in crafting a partially unconstitutional regulatory regime, Congress has necessarily delegated to the relevant administrative agency the power to fundamentally revise that regime in order to work around an area that had been declared unconstitutional. Such a background presumption as DOI urges would turn our constitutional order on its head. As one of our former colleagues has pithily stated, "When the political branches disagree with a judicial interpretation of existing law, the Constitution prescribes the appropriate remedial process. It's called legislation." Gutierrez-Brizuela v. Lynch, 834 F.3d 1142, 1151 (10th Cir. 2016) (Gorsuch, J., concurring). As applied here, this proposition means to us that the power to remedy the defects in IGRA's remedial scheme lies not with DOI, but with Congress.8
Thus, the unconstitutionality of IGRA's jurisdiction-granting provision does not render the enactment any less clear than the text was when Congress passed it and the President signed it. And, as demonstrated above, Congress has spoken clearly in IGRA regarding the circumstances in which the Secretary can issue Class III gaming procedures to a tribe that has not entered into a compact with a state. "Congress knows to speak in plain terms when it wishes to circumscribe, and in capacious terms when it wishes to enlarge, agency discretion." City of Arlington, 133 S.Ct. at 1868. In IGRA, Congress spoke in plain rather than capacious terms. That it mistook the extent of its power under the Constitution does not thereby evince an agency delegation. The unconstitutionality of a provision does not make the language of IGRA more or less plain or capacious. While executive agencies may well wield "[t]he power of executing the laws," which "necessarily includes both authority and responsibility to resolve some questions left open by Congress that arise during the law's administration" that emphatically "does not include a power to revise clear statutory terms that turn out not to work in practice." Util. Air Regulatory Grp. v. EPA, ––– U.S. ––––, 134 S.Ct. 2427, 2446, 189 L.Ed.2d 372 (2014). Part 291 is just such an attempt at statutory revision by administrative rulemaking.
*17 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
In sum, we hold that IGRA unambiguously forecloses the Part 291 regulations. Accordingly, we do not proceed to Chevron step two. The Part 291 regulations are invalid and unenforceable.
Lastly, we turn to the primary argument asserted in the Pojoaque's brief—namely, that the Supreme Court's decision in Seminole Tribe requires us to strike down additional provisions of IGRA under a severability analysis. In Seminole Tribe, the Supreme Court expressly declined to consider the extent to which the portion of the statute concerning Class III gaming procedures remained intact following its holding that Congress lacked authority to make states subject to suits brought by tribes under 25 U.S.C. § 2710(d)(7). See 517 U.S. at 76 n.18, 116 S.Ct. 1114 ("We do not here consider, and express no opinion upon, that portion of the decision below that provides a substitute remedy for a tribe bringing suit." (citing Seminole Tribe of Fla. v. Florida, 11 F.3d 1016, 1029 (11th Cir. 1994) ("The final question we must resolve is whether all provisions for state involvement in [C]lass III gaming also fail, as the tribes contend. We hold that they do not."))). The Pojoaque argue that we should now take up this issue and strike down other provisions of IGRA because the jurisdiction-granting clause at issue in Seminole Tribe is not severable. We first address New Mexico's objections to our reaching the merits of the Tribe's contentions.
New Mexico argues that, in the district court, the Pojoaque "agree[d] to limit its proposed argument for summary judgment to the narrow legal question of whether the [DOI] had authority to promulgate the [Part 291 regulations]," and the court granted the Tribe permissive intervention on the condition that it honor that agreement. Aplee.'s Supp. App. at 71; see Aplee.'s Br. at 69; see also 7C CHARLES ALAN WRIGHT & ARTHUR R. MILLER, FEDERAL PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE § 1922 (3d ed. 1998) ("Since the trial court has full discretion to grant or deny an application for permissive intervention under Rule 24(b), it may if it chooses impose conditions on its grant of the application." (footnote omitted)). Second, New Mexico argues that its complaint focused exclusively on the validity of the Part 291 regulations and that neither DOI nor the Pojoaque filed or sought to file a responsive pleading to inject into this action a severability challenge to the balance of IGRA's provisions. Therefore, New Mexico reasons that this challenge is not properly before us.
Neither of these arguments is ultimately persuasive. We address them in turn. Regarding the district court's limitation of the Pojoaque's arguments for purposes of the summary judgment briefing below, the context shows that the court was focused on barring the Tribe from raising the question of whether New Mexico had negotiated in good faith—an issue the Tribe wished to litigate. See Aplee.'s Supp. App. at 71–72. That understanding of the limitation imposed is reflected in the district court's decision to undertake an analysis of the severability issue in its order. See Aplts.' App. at 64–66. Nor does it appear from New Mexico's briefing or the appendices filed with this court that New Mexico objected on the ground of this limitation to the Pojoaque's injection of the severability issue into the district court litigation.
*18 As to the argument that the Pojoaque are limited to litigating the issues raised in the pleadings, a similar failure to object decides the issue. Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 15(b) permits amendment during or after trial to conform to the evidence via two mechanisms. First, an issue may be tried by express or implied consent, if no objection is made. See Green Country Food Mkt., Inc. v. Bottling Grp., LLC, 371 F.3d 1275, 1280 (10th Cir. 2004). When the opposing party fails to object, or itself introduces evidence on the issue (except for evidence relevant to an issue already in the case), then it has impliedly consented to amendment. Id. Second, if the opposing party objects, Rule 15(b) requires the party wishing to inject the new issue to move to amend the pleading; if that party does so, then the court should liberally grant amendment unless the opposing party makes a sufficient showing of prejudice. See id. at 1280–81.
Although Rule 15(b) contemplates that this process will occur at trial, we have recognized such "constructive amendment" may also take place at the summary judgment stage. See Ahmad v. Furlong, 435 F.3d 1196, 1202–04 (10th Cir. 2006) (holding that district court erred by precluding defendant from constructively amending through briefing on summary judgment to add an affirmative defense); see McBeth v. Himes, 598 F.3d 708, 716 (10th Cir. 2010) (holding that First Amendment retaliation claim not in plaintiff's complaint or summary judgment briefing but addressed by district court was properly before us because defendant did not object or argue that he was prejudiced and plaintiff had raised a Sixth Amendment retaliation claim in her summary judgment briefing); cf. Green Country Food Mkt., 371 F.3d at 1280–81 (affirming district court's refusal under Rule 15(b) to consider an issue not presented in complaint and raised only in summary judgment briefing, but only because opposing party objected and plaintiff did not move to amend). These cases control.
Here, there is no evidence that the State objected to the Tribe's injection of this issue into the litigation, nor was any argument presented to the district court or this court that the State was thereby prejudiced. Indeed, inspection of the district court's docket shows that the State affirmatively engaged the issue in their summary judgment briefing. See Opposition to Federal and Intervenor Defendants' Motions for Summary Judgment at 22–23, New Mexico v. Dep't of the Interior, No. 14-cv-695-JAP/SCY (D.N.M. Oct. 6, 2014), ECF No. 41.9 Because the State failed to object below or argue that it was prejudiced by having to address the Tribe's severability argument, the district court did not abuse its discretion by considering the argument, and we proceed to the merits of it now.
Generally, "[a] court should refrain from invalidating more of the statute than is necessary." Alaska Airlines, Inc. v. Brock, 480 U.S. 678, 684, 107 S.Ct. 1476, 94 L.Ed.2d 661 (1987). When one provision of an enactment is struck down, "[u]nless it is evident that the Legislature would not have enacted those provisions which are within its power, independently of that which is not, the invalid part may be dropped if what is left is fully operative as a law." Id. (quoting Buckley v. Valeo, 424 U.S. 1, 108, 96 S.Ct. 612, 46 L.Ed.2d 659 (1976) (per curiam)); see also Nat'l Fed'n of Indep. Bus. v. Sebelius (NFIB), 567 U.S. 519, 132 S.Ct. 2566, 2607, 183 L.Ed.2d 450 (2012) ("[W]e seek to determine what Congress would have intended in light of the Court's constitutional holding." (quoting United States v. Booker, 543 U.S. 220, 246, 125 S.Ct. 738, 160 L.Ed.2d 621 (2005))). In the past, this court has always applied this standard.10 See Kikumura v. Hurley, 242 F.3d 950, 959–60 (10th Cir. 2001); Cache Valley Elec. Co. v. Utah Dep't of Transp., 149 F.3d 1119, 1123 (10th Cir. 1998). The Supreme Court has sometimes framed this inquiry as "[w]ould the legislature have preferred what is left of its statute to no statute at all?" Ayotte v. Planned Parenthood of N. New Eng., 546 U.S. 320, 330, 126 S.Ct. 961, 163 L.Ed.2d 812 (2006); see also Booker, 543 U.S. at 249, 125 S.Ct. 738 ("We then compare our own remedy to the total invalidation of the statute, and conclude that Congress would have preferred our remedy.").
*19Additionally, it is well-established that "[t]he inquiry is eased when Congress has explicitly provided for severance by including a severability clause in the statute." Alaska Airlines, 480 U.S. at 686, 107 S.Ct. 1476. A severability clause "creates a presumption that Congress did not intend the validity of the statute in question to depend on the validity of the constitutionally offensive provision." Id. This presumption can be overcome only by "strong evidence": "[U]nless there is strong evidence that Congress intended otherwise, the objectionable provision can be excised from the remainder of the statute." Id. IGRA includes a severability clause. See 25 U.S.C. § 2721.
As a preliminary matter, the Tribe asks that, if we find that Congress would not have passed IGRA in the absence of the ability to subject states to suits brought by tribes, we should engage in an elaborate editing of IGRA such that the Part 291 regulations could be upheld. See Aplt. Pueblo of Pojoaque's Opening Br. at 25–27 (offering an edited version of IGRA's remedial provisions). Just as we have held that it is not the place of the executive branch to rewrite legislative enactments, so too it is ordinarily not the task of the judiciary to rewrite a statute. See PCAOB, 561 U.S. at 509–10, 130 S.Ct. 3138 ("In theory, perhaps, the Court might blue-pencil a sufficient number of the Board's responsibilities so that its members would no longer be 'Officers of the United States.' Or we could restrict the Board's enforcement powers, so that it would be a purely recommendatory panel. Or the Board members could in future be made removable by the President, for good cause or at will. But such editorial freedom—far more extensive than our holding today—belongs to the Legislature, not the Judiciary."); Ayotte, 546 U.S. at 329, 126 S.Ct. 961 ("[M]indful that our constitutional mandate and institutional competence are limited, we restrain ourselves from 'rewrit[ing] state law to conform it to constitutional requirements' even as we strive to salvage it." (alteration in original) (quoting Virginia v. Am. Booksellers Ass'n, Inc., 484 U.S. 383, 397, 108 S.Ct. 636, 98 L.Ed.2d 782 (1988))). We will not engage in such judicial editing of a statute. IGRA's jurisdiction-granting clause falls alone or it falls with all of IGRA. We turn to whether strong evidence shows that Congress would not have passed IGRA without that clause, looking to whether Congress would prefer no IGRA to its current state and whether, in its current state, it is capable of operating consistently with Congress's intent.
As should be clear from our description, supra, of IGRA's remedial scheme, the provision permitting tribes to hale states into court is important. Congress had difficulty finding a proper incentive to bring states to the negotiation table. See S. Rep. No. 100-446, at 13 (1988), as reprinted in 1988 U.S.C.C.A.N. at 3083 ("The practical problem in formulating statutory language to accomplish the desired result is the need to provide some incentive for States to negotiate with tribes in good faith because tribes will be unable to enter into such gaming unless a compact is in place. That incentive for the states has proved elusive."). Congress considered a judicially enforced duty of good-faith negotiation as the "least offensive option," which would "best ... encourage States to deal fairly with tribes as sovereign governments." Id. at 14, as reprinted in 1988 U.S.C.C.A.N. at 3084. Absent this mechanism, recalcitrant states need not fear being forced into a compact, and tribes, having lost their best alternative to a negotiated agreement, have seen their bargaining position diminished. However, as even the Pojoaque must concede, Seminole Tribe does not so completely stymie Congress's intent in IGRA.11
*20 The Pojoaque concede at least three situations in which IGRA could function largely as intended. See Aplt. Pueblo of Pojoaque's Opening Br. at 35; Aplt. Pueblo of Pojoaque's Reply Br. at 22. First, at least one state, California, has categorically waived by statute its sovereign immunity as to IGRA claims. See Rincon Band of Luiseno Mission Indians v. Schwarzenegger, 602 F.3d 1019, 1026 (9th Cir. 2010). Second, a state may simply choose not to raise an otherwise available sovereign-immunity defense, as the Pojoaque concede occurred in Northern Arapaho v. Wyoming, 389 F.3d 1308, 1313 (10th Cir. 2004) (reaching and deciding the merits of whether the state negotiated in good faith). Third, the United States may sue on behalf of a tribe in its role as trustee, sidestepping the sovereign immunity defense. See United States v. Spokane Tribe of Indians, 139 F.3d 1297, 1301 (9th Cir. 1998); see also Arizona v. California, 460 U.S. 605, 614, 103 S.Ct. 1382, 75 L.Ed.2d 318 (1983) (permitting intervention by Indian tribes against states where the United States had already intervened on the tribes' behalf against the states and recalling that "[n]othing in the Eleventh Amendment 'has ever been seriously supposed to prevent a state's being sued by the United States' " (quoting United States v. Mississippi, 380 U.S. 128, 140, 85 S.Ct. 808, 13 L.Ed.2d 717 (1965))). The Pojoaque concede that this third possibility "may indeed save the statute." Aplt. Pueblo of Pojoaque's Reply Br. at 22. And tribes may even be able to sue the United States to compel it to bring meritorious IGRA suits against states. See Spokane Tribe, 139 F.3d at 1301 n.5 (citing Chemehuevi Indian Tribe v. Wilson, 987 F.Supp. 804 (N.D. Cal. 1997)). Thus, it appears that IGRA remains capable of functioning largely as Congress intended it to.
Despite conceding that the United States' ability to bring IGRA suits against the states "may indeed save the statute," the Tribe argues that "allowing for the Part 291 regulation under severance analysis more closely tracks Congress' [s] intent." Aplt. Pueblo of Pojoaque's Reply Br. at 22. But this argument depends on (1) the selective editing of the statute that we have already rejected, and (2) an understanding of IGRA's purpose and text that we have also rejected. The Tribe also argues that this just isn't the manner in which "Congress intended for states to be burdened." Id. That isn't clear, insofar as "[w]e assume that Congress knows the law and legislates in light of federal court precedent." In re Antrobus, 519 F.3d 1123, 1125 (10th Cir. 2008) (quoting Bd. of Cty. Comm'rs v. EEOC, 405 F.3d 840, 845 (10th Cir. 2005)). We can safely assume that Congress understood that it was also possible for the United States to bring an IGRA claim on a tribe's behalf.
Ultimately, the severability question is a close one. On one side, the centrality of the ability of tribes to sue states weighs against severability. On the other, IGRA may nonetheless function largely as intended, cutting in favor of severability. Here, the presumption established by the severability clause is important. In light of Congress's express inclusion of a severability clause and the ways in which IGRA may continue to function largely as intended, we hold that the jurisdiction-granting provision is severable from the rest of IGRA. We cannot say that it is clear that Congress would prefer no legislation to IGRA as it stands after Seminole Tribe. We decline to strike down the rest of IGRA.
For the foregoing reasons, we AFFIRM the district court's judgment.
Pursuant to Fed. R. App. P. 43(c)(2), Ryan Zinke, who is the current Secretary of the Interior, is automatically substituted for Sally Jewell as Defendant in this case.
See, e.g., Rincon Band of Luiseno Mission Indians v. Schwarzenegger, 602 F.3d 1019, 1026 (9th Cir. 2010); Northern Arapaho v. Wyoming, 389 F.3d 1308, 1313 (10th Cir. 2004).
Note that the regulations do not require any finding that the state failed to negotiate in good faith, only that the case was dismissed after the state asserted sovereign immunity.
In a letter to the State, the Secretary opined that New Mexico could participate in the Part 291 process "under protest" and without waiving "its rights to challenge a decision that might result in issuance of gaming procedures for the Pueblo." Aplee.'s Supp. App. at 2.
For convenience, we refer throughout this opinion to the positions advanced in DOI's briefs as DOI's arguments; however, the Pojoaque join DOI's briefs in full. The Tribe also separately advances severability arguments addressed infra in Part II.D.
In Texas, a panel of the Fifth Circuit issued three separate opinions. First, Chief Judge Jones, writing in part for herself and in part for the court, held that Texas had standing and that the dispute was ripe for review. 497 F.3d at 495–99. Next, she argued that the Part 291 regulations were invalid under Chevron step one, though she also stated that, even reaching step two, the regulations were impermissible. Id. at 499–511; see generally Chevron, U.S.A., Inc. v. Nat. Res. Def. Council, 467 U.S. 837, 842–43, 104 S.Ct. 2778, 81 L.Ed.2d 694 (1984). Judge King joined the chief judge's opinion as to the justiciability issues, but would have found the statute ambiguous in light of Seminole Tribe, though she concurred that the regulations still should be invalidated but under Chevron step two. 497 F.3d at 511–12. Judge Dennis dissented, arguing that the statute was ambiguous and that the regulations should be upheld under Chevron step two. Id. at 513–26. We find most persuasive the opinion of Chief Judge Jones. In particular, we depart, infra, from the position of the concurrence and dissent that IGRA is ambiguous.
In discussing the second factor of the ripeness inquiry, the parties—in line with the district court's analysis—focus on DOI's determination that the Pojoaque are eligible to participate in the Part 291 process. This determination is undoubtedly a final agency action, see 25 C.F.R. § 291.6(b) ("The Secretary's eligibility determination is final for the Department."), and DOI does not argue otherwise. But DOI maintains that the State's claim will not be ripe until the agency actually promulgates gaming procedures for the Pojoaque. This focus on the act of issuing procedures, however, is misplaced. New Mexico challenges the regulations themselves, and, accordingly, their promulgation constitutes the relevant agency action for ripeness purposes.
The Court explained in Brown & Williamson Tobacco that this analysis is applicable to Chevron step one and can constitute evidence of clear Congressional intent:
Finally, our inquiry into whether Congress has directly spoken to the precise question at issue is shaped, at least in some measure, by the nature of the question presented. Deference under Chevron to an agency's construction of a statute that it administers is premised on the theory that a statute's ambiguity constitutes an implicit delegation from Congress to the agency to fill in the statutory gaps. See Chevron, [467 U.S. at 844, 104 S.Ct. 2778]. In extraordinary cases, however, there may be reason to hesitate before concluding that Congress has intended such an implicit delegation. Cf. Breyer, Judicial Review of Questions of Law and Policy, 38 ADMIN. L. REV. 363, 370 (1986) ("A court may also ask whether the legal question is an important one. Congress is more likely to have focused upon, and answered, major questions, while leaving interstitial matters to answer themselves in the course of the statute's daily administration.").
As in MCI [Telecomm. Corp. v. AT&T Co., 512 U.S. 218, 114 S.Ct. 2223, 129 L.Ed.2d 182 (1994) ], we are confident that Congress could not have intended to delegate a decision of such economic and political significance to an agency in so cryptic a fashion. To find that the FDA has the authority to regulate tobacco products, one must not only adopt an extremely strained understanding of "safety" as it is used throughout the Act—a concept central to the FDCA's regulatory scheme—but also ignore the plain implication of Congress' subsequent tobacco-specific legislation. It is therefore clear, based on the FDCA's overall regulatory scheme and the subsequent tobacco legislation, that Congress has directly spoken to the question at issue and precluded the FDA from regulating tobacco products.
529 U.S. at 159–61, 120 S.Ct. 1291 (emphasis added).
In its reply brief, DOI underscores that "[t]he ambiguity lies in Section 2710(d)(7)(B)(vii), which authorizes the Secretary to prescribe gaming procedures for a tribe." Reply Br. at 14. DOI contends that, although IGRA authorizes it to prescribe procedures when, as here, the State has not consented to the proposed compact, and constrains how it should do so, by obliging it to seek to be consistent with the proposed compact drawn up by the court-appointed mediator, "Congress simply failed to specify how the Secretary must exercise her authority in the absence of a mediator." Id. at 14–15. In this regard, DOI notes that it is a state's act of invoking sovereign immunity in a tribe's IGRA lawsuit that causes "the IGRA process [to be] cut short before a mediator is appointed." Id. at 14. We are not given pause by DOI's contention. It is simply another way of asserting that Seminole Tribe, by allowing the states to successfully invoke sovereign immunity, has created an ambiguity in IGRA—a position that we reject here.
See, e.g., Milligan-Hitt v. Bd. of Trs. of Sheridan Cty. Sch. Dist. No. 2, 523 F.3d 1219, 1231 (10th Cir. 2008) ("The record on appeal comprises all of 'the original papers and exhibits filed in the district court; ... the transcript of proceedings if any; ... and a certified copy of the docket entries prepared by the district clerk.' ... We sometimes refer to this appendix colloquially as the record on appeal, but technically it is not." (footnote and citations omitted) (quoting Fed. R. App. P. 10(a))).
The Tribe argues that Alaska Airlines creates a two-prong test where we must ask both whether the statute will operate consistently with congressional intent and whether Congress would have adopted the statute without the unconstitutional provision. Aplt. Pueblo of Pojoaque's Opening Br. at 10–12. Its authority for this assertion is primarily NFIB's dissent. See id. at 10 (citing NFIB, 132 S.Ct. 2566 (Scalia, J., dissenting)). The dissent argued that this statutory functionality inquiry was the first step in a "two-part guide as the framework for severability analysis." Id. at 2668. At the same time, however, Justice Scalia implied that often the functionality inquiry is simply a proxy for the legislative intent inquiry. See id. at 2669 ("In the ordinary course, if the remaining provisions cannot operate according to the congressional design, (the first inquiry), it almost necessarily follows that Congress would not have enacted them (the second inquiry). This close interaction may explain why the Court has not always been precise in distinguishing between the two. There are, however, occasions in which the severability standard's first inquiry (statutory functionality) is not a proxy for the second inquiry (whether the Legislature intended the remaining provisions to stand alone)."). Justice Scalia, together with the other dissenters, would have relied on the independence of the first inquiry to hold that the rest of the ACA must fall along with the individual mandate and the provision cutting off Medicaid funds to states that chose not to adopt the expansion. See id. at 2671–77. As far as we can tell, however, the Court has never held squarely that the statutory functionality inquiry is independent of the legislative intent question, though it has on occasion employed it. See Alaska Airlines, 480 U.S. at 685, 107 S.Ct. 1476; cf. Free Enter. Fund v. Pub. Co. Accounting Oversight Bd. (PCAOB), 561 U.S. 477, 509, 130 S.Ct. 3138, 177 L.Ed.2d 706 (2010) ("The Sarbanes-Oxley Act remains 'fully operative as a law' with these tenure restrictions excised." (quoting New York v. United States, 505 U.S. 144, 186, 112 S.Ct. 2408, 120 L.Ed.2d 120 (1992))). Thus, we do not consider the statutory functionality inquiry as separate from the "touchstone" criterion of legislative intent. NFIB, 132 S.Ct. at 2607 (Roberts, C.J.); accord Ayotte, 546 U.S. at 330, 126 S.Ct. 961.
The Tribe urges us to consider as evidence statements by Senator Inouye made after the passage of IGRA. See Aplt. Pueblo of Pojoaque's Opening Br. at 19–20. We decline to consider these statements, for two reasons. First, we have recently been reminded that "statements by individual legislators rank among the least illuminating forms of legislative history." NLRB v. SW Gen., Inc., ––– U.S. ––––, 137 S.Ct. 929, 943, ––– L.Ed.2d –––– (2017). Further, and dispositive for this question, the Supreme Court has held that "[p]ost-enactment legislative history (a contradiction in terms) is not a legitimate tool of statutory interpretation. Real (pre-enactment) legislative history is persuasive to some because it is thought to shed light on what legislators understood an ambiguous statutory text to mean when they voted to enact it into law. But post-enactment legislative history by definition 'could have had no effect on the congressional vote.' " Brausewitz v. Wyeth LLC, 562 U.S. 223, 242, 131 S.Ct. 1068, 179 L.Ed.2d 1 (2011) (citations omitted) (quoting District of Columbia v. Heller, 554 U.S. 570, 605, 128 S.Ct. 2783, 171 L.Ed.2d 637 (2008)).
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College Preparation and Programming
Apex Soccer takes pride in developing Pre Season and Maintenance programs for High School and College programs across the state of Connecticut. Soccer specific testing on the athletes will allow coaches and players to have an understanding of areas of strength and weakness, via baseline recordings. Testing will comprise of speed assessments using the latest laser technology that records times to 1/100th of a second and vertical leaps recorded using pressure sensitive mats.
The latest video analysis software will be on hand to record players in the game and their individual technique all being monitored and assessed by Apex Soccer's trained staff.
Western Connecticut State University Women's Soccer is just one program that Apex Soccer partner with. Coach Mingachos spoke about why he chose Apex for such a crucial part of the season " Apex Soccer's method of measuring the physical and technical parts our players game and making the information so readily available for the coaches and players is invaluable to us."
Please contact Apex Soccer for further information:
Info@apexsoccerct.com
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Cleanliness badge
Meeting Facility
Holiday Inn Express London - Swiss Cottage, an IHG Hotel
This property is closed from May 1 2021 to April 30 2022 (dates subject to change).
With a stay at Holiday Inn Express London - Swiss Cottage, an IHG Hotel, you'll be centrally located in London, within a 5-minute drive of Regent's Park and Primrose Hill. This hotel is 3 mi (4.8 km) from Marble Arch and 3 mi (4.8 km) from Oxford Street.
Make yourself at home in one of the 79 air-conditioned rooms featuring flat-screen televisions. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and satellite programming is available for your entertainment. Bathrooms have showers and hair dryers. Conveniences include phones, as well as desks and coffee/tea makers.
Important: This property has restrictions in place for non-essential travel. Please see check-in details.
Make use of convenient amenities such as complimentary wireless Internet access, a television in a common area, and tour/ticket assistance.
Wheelchair accessible path of travel
Front desk staff will greet guests on arrival. For more details, please contact the property using the information on the booking confirmation. The credit card used to book the reservation must be presented by the cardholder at check-in along with matching photo identification.
The name on the credit card used at check-in to pay for incidentals must be the primary name on the guestroom reservation
Safety features at this property include a carbon monoxide detector, a fire extinguisher, a smoke detector, a security system, a first aid kit, and window guards
Grab a bite from the snack bar/deli serving guests of Holiday Inn Express London - Swiss Cottage, an IHG Hotel. Wrap up your day with a drink at the bar/lounge. A complimentary buffet breakfast is served daily from 6:30 AM to 9:30 AM.
Featured amenities include a 24-hour business center, a 24-hour front desk, and multilingual staff. Self parking (subject to charges) is available onsite.
Hampstead Heath - 1.7 km / 1.1 mi
Primrose Hill - 2 km / 1.3 mi
ZSL London Zoo - 2.7 km / 1.7 mi
Regent's Park - 3.3 km / 2 mi
Baker Street - 3.3 km / 2.1 mi
Madame Tussauds Wax Museum - 3.9 km / 2.4 mi
Tottenham Court Road - 4.6 km / 2.9 mi
Oxford Street - 4.7 km / 2.9 mi
Marble Arch - 4.7 km / 2.9 mi
Selfridges - 4.7 km / 2.9 mi
Park Lane - 4.7 km / 2.9 mi
Grosvenor Square - 5 km / 3.1 mi
Bond Street - 5.2 km / 3.2 mi
Regent Street - 5.3 km / 3.3 mi
Hyde Park - 5.5 km / 3.4 mi
Heathrow Airport (LHR) - 31.2 km / 19.4 mi
London City Airport (LCY) - 38.6 km / 24 mi
Gatwick Airport (LGW) - 105.6 km / 65.6 mi
Luton Airport (LTN) - 48.6 km / 30.2 mi
Stansted Airport (STN) - 64.4 km / 40 mi
The preferred airport for Holiday Inn Express London - Swiss Cottage, an IHG Hotel is Heathrow Airport (LHR).
Social distancing measures are in place; staff at the property wear personal protective equipment; a shield is in place between staff and guests in main contact areas; periodic temperature checks are conducted on staff; temperature checks are available to guests; guests are provided with hand sanitizer; cashless payment methods are available for all transactions.
Contactless check-in is available.
Individually-wrapped food options are available for breakfast and through room service.
This property affirms that it follows the cleaning and disinfection practices of We're Good To Go (UK) and Clean Promise (IHG).
COVID-19 - Essential Workers Only - YES
Property follows regional sanitization guidelines We're Good To Go (UK)
Property follows a brand or regulatory agency's sanitization guidelines Clean Promise (IHG)
Individually-wrapped food options are available through room service
Guest accommodation is sealed after cleaning
Electrostatic spray is used for disinfection
Cashless transactions are available
Food service has been amended for enhanced safety
Deposit: GBP 50.00 per stay
Self parking fee: GBP 20 per day
152-156 Finchley Road, London, NW3 5HS, United Kingdom
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Claire Chase, Flute
Circle of Sounds
Toccata e Fuga
For Philip Guston
Song Of The Earth
Density 2036
Density 2036: part i
Density 2036: part ii
Density 2036: part iii
Density 2036: part iv
Density 2036: part v ("Pan")
Density 2036: part vi
Ensemble Evolution
Banff: Claire Chase and Steven Schick, with special guests Tyshawn Sorey and Levy Lorenzo
Banff Centre for Arts and Creativity (map)
8PM, BENTLEY CONCERT HALL
Claire Chase and Steven Schick, with special guests Tyshawn Sorey and Levy Lorenzo
Getting started with a bang is the EVO way! From the sheer electricity of our special guest Tyshawn Sorey on stage with Claire Chase in their raucous duo Bertha's Lair, to the inward gaze of Phyllis Chen's haunting Roots of Interior - a duet for flutist and her heartbeat - this program explores the outer edges of the newest music.
An Empty Garlic by Du Yun - who is a founding member of ICE and the first Asian-American woman to win the Pulitzer Prize in Music - explores new timbral spaces and blends new sounds for the bass flute with provocative narrativity. Steven Schick contributes Here and There by the experimentalist Roger Reynolds, his new setting of texts by Samuel Beckett for speaking solo percussionist. We finish together with our favorite composer Pauline Oliveros, who has been with us at every EVO concert over the past three summers, in spirit. This is an outward-bound program that patrols the hidden spaces of sound and psyche!
Marcos Balter (b. 1974) Soliloquy (2018)
Du Yun (b. 1977) An Empty Garlic (2014)
Claire Chase, bass flute
Phyllis Chen (b. 1979) Roots of Interior (2019)
for flute and heartbeat (10 mins)
Tyshawn Sorey (b. 1980) Bertha's Lair (2016, rev. 2019)
for flutes and percussion
Claire Chase, flutes; Tyshawn Sorey, percussion
Roger Reynolds (b.1934) Here and There (2019)
Steven Schick
Pauline Oliveros (1932-2016) Old Sound New Sound Borrowed Sound Blue (1994)
Steven Schick, Claire Chase
Banff: Matana Roberts, Liza Lim, Tyshawn Sorey, Lisa Harris, Aiyun Huang International Contemporary Ensemble
FACULTY RECITAL
7:30PM, ROLSTON RECITAL HALL
Matana Roberts, Liza Lim, Tyshawn Sorey, Lisa Harris, Aiyun Huang
International Contemporary Ensemble
Ode to Gust Burns by the indomitable Tyshawn Sorey and played by an ensemble of ICE superstars kicks off a kaleidoscopic faculty concert that ranges from the intimacy of two brief but colorful duos by Australian composer Liza Lim to the international musings (from New York to Copenhagen) of Sorey in partnership with the extraordinary violinist, Jennifer Curtis. We highlight Lisa Harris, vocalist and composer in a new work for herself and our ICE faculty.
Do not miss a new work by returning faculty member Matana Roberts, who inspired and amazed us in 2018 with her artistry as saxophonist and composer. She gives full voice to music that resonates from the enormous space of her imagination and reaches across all boundaries. With the extraordinary talent on stage, this evening will be more of a launching pad than a concert. Buckle up!
Tyshawn Sorey (b. 1980) Ode to Gust Burns (2012)
Cory Smythe, Dan Lippel,
Ross Karre, Rebekah Heller
Liza Lim (b. 1966) Inguz (Fertility) (1996)
Josh Rubin, Katinka Kleijn
Liza Lim Ming Qi (Bright Vessel) (2000),
James Austin Smith, Aiyun Huang
Lisa Harris New Work (2019)
Lisa Harris, Daniel Lippel,
Jennifer Curtis, Katinka Kleijn
Tyshawn Sorey NY/Copenhagen (2013)
Jennifer Curtis, Tyshawn Sorey
Matana Roberts (b. 1975) New Work (2019)
Banff: PARTICIPANT THROW-DOWN
WEDNESDAY, JUNE 26: PARTICIPANT THROW-DOWN
Join us for a Banff staple: the throw-down, featuring the passion projects of our participants. They're informal, self-directed, fresh and fabulous.
Banff: PARTICIPANT COMPOSERS ENCOUNTER
THURSDAY, JUNE 27: PARTICIPANT COMPOSERS ENCOUNTER
8PM, BENTLEY RECITAL HALL
In addition to everything else it does, EVO is an incubator of new ideas. Poke your head into the middle of the process in our Composers' Encounter, where just-completed works, works-in-progress, and even new shiny ideas are tried for the very first time.
Banff: TYSHAWN SOREY PORTRAIT
TYSHAWN SOREY PORTRAIT
Rolston Hall will quake in this dynamic portrait of Tyshawn Sorey—though dynamic doesn't really begin to describe the molten talent of Tyshawn Sorey, as composer, percussionist, conductor, pianist and musical thinker!
Intimacy comes in Sorey's tribute to composer Fred Lehrdal, which shares the stage with electrifying Auto-schediasms, a wild ride featuring Tyshawn in a virtuoso display of conduction that will include all of the participants of Ensemble Evolution, a handful of batons, and 45 minutes of dizzying creativity.
Tyshawn Sorey (b. 1980) For Fred Lehrdal (2018)
for vibraphone, piano, viola
Tyshawn Sorey Auto-schediasms (2019)
feat. faculty + participants
Banff: HOW FORESTS THINK
SATURDAY, JUNE 29: HOW FORESTS THINK
WITH SPECIAL GUEST SPEAKER, EDUARDO KOHN
Dominating the Banff skyline is the boreal forest—ringing the world in the largest connected intelligent organism on the planet. Taking inspiration from Eduardo Kohn's provocative book, "How Forests Think," Liza Lim explores the idea of the communal intelligence of forests and the way that illuminates human interactions in a chaotic world in her stunning eponymous setting of Kohn's ideas for ensemble with sheng solo. The virtuoso Wu Wei joins as soloist.
Daring musical textures probe important questions of identity and politics in George Lewis's Will to Adorn, a musical essay inspired by writer and anthropologist, Zora Neale Hurston, whose description of "decorating a decoration" prompted Lewis's exuberant musical embellishments. The sonic and cultural richness of this program is completed by a new work by EVO faculty member and iconic saxophonist, Matana Roberts.
George Lewis (b. 1952) The Will to Adorn (2011)
Liza Lim (b. 1966) How Forests Think (2016)
Banff: Faculty Recital
Featuring Alvin Lucier, Peter Evans, Mazz Swift, Levy Lorenzo, International Contemporary Ensemble
Another star-studded faculty concert featuring the eloquent violinist/composer/improviser Mazz Swift, trumpet legend Peter Evans, technology wizard Levy Lorenzo, composer Miya Masaoko and newly arriving members of ICE. The second half of this concert will be devoted to the great Alvin Lucier. You can be sure it will be amazing!
WEDNESDAY, JULY 3: PARTICIPANT THROW-DOWN
Banff: Soundlines
SOUNDLINES
Catalytic energies abound with Miya Masaoka in a Banff Centre commission for members of the International Contemporary Ensemble and participants of Ensemble Evolution. It's a new piece so we don't know what we'll be hearing. But Miya's work spans a gamut from amplified leaves and electronically activated glass bottles to a string quartet and partnerships with the world's most exciting improvisers. Whatever she offers will be vibrant, colorful and unexpected!
Every time we work with George Lewis, we come away inspired. A pioneer as an improvising trombonist, a designer of real-time electronic instruments, writer, scholar and composer: George is a living embodiment of the 21st century musician! In Soundlines, his work for ensemble with soloist Steven Schick, he explores sound, color, choreography and, above all new musical territory. The program will be rounded out by the intrepid improvisers of EVO.
Miya Masaoka (b. 1958) New Work, Banff Centre Commission
George Lewis (b. 1952) Soundlines (2019)
Steven Schick with EVO participants
New works by EVO Improv Groups, led by Peter Evans, Mazz Swift, Levy Lorenzo and Cory Smythe
Banff: PORTRAIT OF ALVIN LUCIER
SATURDAY, JULY 6: PORTRAIT OF ALVIN LUCIER
On this special evening, we celebrate one of the greatest artists of our time, the roshi of American experimentalists, Alvin Lucier, with a program of Lucier's most profound compositions, including a new work commissioned by Banff Centre. Alvin has spent his life writing love songs for the open mind. Experience them in the shadow of Sacred Buffalo Guardian Mountain.
Miranda Cuckson, Wilfrido Terrazas, Reut Regev, Cris Derksen, Yvette Janine Jackson
Miranda Cuckson, Wilfrido Terrazas and Reut Regev make their instruments into vehicles for the exploration of distant musical spaces. And if you still think of these instruments as the genteel instruments of classical music aristocracy, get ready to be completely upended. With them, you are invited to explore an extraordinary range of styles, historical periods, levels of virtuosity, and just-down-to-it artistry. Join us in the second half of the concert for a radio play in the dark by Yvette Janine Jackson, whose newest work will be premiered later in the week.
WEDNESDAY, JULY 10: PARTICIPANT THROW-DOWN
Banff: PARTICIPANT COMPOSERS SHOWCASE
FRIDAY, JULY 12: PARTICIPANT COMPOSERS SHOWCASE
Featuring world premieres of works by our stellar Ensemble Evolution participant composers Lisa Atkinson, Gabriel Champagne, Liam McGill, and Kristina Wolfe.
Banff: EVO ARCADES/OPEN STUDIOS NOON-3PM
EVO ARCADES/OPEN STUDIOS 3PM-6PM
Continuing an EVO tradition, we'll offer an exciting set of simultaneous performances we called the ARCades. Nearly every space on the Music and Sound building will host performances - including new work by our participants collaborators, and some much loved traditional repertory. Poke your head into a room to sample something new, then move on when the spirit moves.
Banff: FINAL PERFORMANCE
FINAL PERFORMANCE
Yvette Janine Jackson, Julius Eastman, Pauline Oliveros, IONE
Faculty + participants
So it goes, it must be said. Ensemble Evolution says farewell in style with a program of new music for the sojourning soul, featuring the world premiere of Yvette Janine Jackson's Banff Centre commission for an ensemble of ICE faculty members and EVO participants (including a full set of marching percussion instruments!), alongside Julius Eastman's 'Gay Guerrilla,' an EVO tradition. With the wind at our backs, and in the company of a family of fellow musicians, we sail away on the luminous sounds of Pauline Oliveros, in a performance of her 1971 Tuning Meditation led by IONE, our distinguished guest.
Face the Music: Critical Mass with Claire Chase & Tri-Centric Foundation
(Le) Poisson Rouge (map)
Tickets & Info Here!
Kaufman Music Center's Face the Music is the country's only teen program dedicated to studying and performing post-genre music by trailblazing contemporary composers. Praised for "stunning performances" by the New York Times, Face the Music features a collection of ensembles including a chamber orchestra, a jazz big-band, an improvisation collective, string quartets, and mixed chamber-ensembles, all dedicated to studying and performing experimental, new-classical, new-jazz and avant-garde music written exclusively by living composers.
Marina Piccinini International Masterclasses
Thu, May 23, 2019 7:30 PM 19:30 Mon, May 27, 2019 8:30 PM 20:30
New World Center (map)
Claire joins the faculty at Marina Piccinini's MPIM and will give masterclasses and a performance of music by Felipe Lara, Marcos Balter and Pauline Oliveros.
CONCERT FOR PAULINE
Kingston City Hall, Common Council Chambers (map)
Free & Open To The Public!
This event will be an amazing gathering of more than 25 local and international musicians and composers converging for the joyous occasion. Musician composer and humanitarian, Pauline Oliveros (1932-2016), left us too soon, but her music and her spirit continue on.
Concert Artists Guild 2019 Rite of Spring Gala
Tribeca Rooftop (map)
Tickets Here!
Claire is the honoree at this year's CAG gala!
Curtis Institute of Music Commencement Speech
Curtis Institute of Music (map)
Claire will give the commencement speech to the graduating class of the Curtis Institute, and will also receive an Honorary Doctorate. (more info coming soon)
Performance - PERLE NOIRE: MEDITATIONS FOR JOSÉPHINE
Oberon (map)
Tickets are free, but reservations are required. For more information, visit Harvard University Music Department. Tickets available April 1st at Oberon, 2 Arrow Street, Cambridge. Tickets valid only until 9:45.
Honoring the brilliance, daring, courage, and tragedies of Josephine Baker. Conceived by Peter Sellars, featuring soprano Julia Bullock, with original music by Tyshawn Sorey and texts by Claudia Rankine. With the International Contemporary Ensemble.
Alice Teyssier, flutes
Ryan Muncy, saxophone
Rebekah Heller, bassoon
Jennifer Curtis, violin
Daniel Lippel, guitar
Talk - Perle Noire: Meditations for Joséphine
Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts (map)
This is a talk. The May 3rd performance Perle Noire: Meditations for Joséphine is presented at the Oberon. Tickets are free, but reservations are required. For more information, visit Harvard University Music Department.
In conjunction with Perle Noire: Meditations for Joséphine presented by Harvard University Music Department, is a talk at the Carpenter Center Bookshop on May 2 with curator Naomi Beckwith, vocalist Julia Bullock, director Peter Sellars, composer Tyshawn Sorey will speak about Perle Noire its unique and poignant take on the iconic Josephine Baker and her brilliance, public courage, and private tragedies.
Conceived by Peter Sellars, with original music by Tyshawn Sorey and texts by Claudia Rankine, Perle Noire: Meditations for Joséphine is an 85-minute, staged, one-act song-cycle featuring Julia Bullock as vocal soloist and living embodiment of the spirit of Joséphine Baker. Composer Tyshawn Sorey is joined by the International Contemporary Ensemble in an instrumental sextet that weaves composed music and improvisation together to create a seamless interplay between song, spoken word, dance, and contemplative instrumental interludes.
Civitella Ranieri Foundation Gala
The National Arts Club (map)
Free Admission - Register Here!
Claire joins past and present Civitella Fellows for this celebration of the Foundation's work, performing work for solo flute by former Fellows Felipe Lara, Pauline Oliveros and Eve Beglarian.
Nineteen Hertz
Holden Chapel (map)
Free Admission!
Claire's student Jessica Shand, a flutist and mathematician at Harvard, gives a recital of new work, featuring the world premiere of a new work by Liam McGill for piccolo and contrabass with Jessica and Claire.
Material+Visual Worlds Transdisciplinary Area of Excellence presents Claire Chase, flute
Binghamton University (map)
Two events
Claire Chase is a soloist, collaborative artist, curator and advocate for new and experimental music. Over the past decade she has given the world premieres of hundreds of new works for the flute in performances throughout the Americas, Europe and Asia, and she has championed new music throughout the world by building organizations, forming alliances, pioneering commissioning initiatives and supporting educational programs that reach new audiences. She was named a MacArthur Fellow in 2012, and in 2017, was awarded the Avery Fisher Prize.
This concert will be held at 6 p.m. Thursday, April 11 in FA-Casadesus Recital Hall. This concert is free, open to the public and sponsored by the Binghamton University Music Department. For more information, call (607) 777-2592, visit us at music.binghamton.edu or become a fan on Facebook.
Performance of Anthony Cheung's Real Book of Fake Tunes with the Bergamot Quartet
Spectrum (map)
Spectrum calendar
Tickets: $15 ($10 students/seniors), available at door only.
Music on the Square: Performance of Anthony Cheung's Real Book of Fake Tunes with the Bergamot Quartet
Church on the Square (map)
Church On The Square calendar
Tickets: $15 ($10 students/seniors) available at the door only, cash or credit card
Peabody String Sinfonia Coaching
Centre Street Performance Studio (map)
The Peabody String Sinfonia is a student-run, volunteer-based, conductorless string orchestra with a mission of bringing joy, kinship, connection, and a high quality of music to people in challenging circumstances in the city of Baltimore.
Composer Portraits - Tyshawn Sorey
Miller Theatre (map)
Tyshawn Sorey is a visionary artist who is erasing the lines of musical preconceptions. The 2017 MacArthur Fellow has a wide-ranging creative practice, embracing the roles of composer, conductor, multi-instrumentalist, scholar, and educator. This Portrait features two new works, written for ensembles with which Sorey has close ties.
Claire joins Tyshawn for a reprise of his Density 2036 work "Bertha's Lair" for flutes and drums, and she joins her longtime collaborative partner Joshua Rubin, clarinetist, for a new duo for flute and contrabass clarinet.
Sound Series: A Night of Deep Listening, featuring Joe McPhee, Claire Chase, and Peter Evans
The Andy Warhol Museum (map)
Organized in collaboration with Carnegie International, 57th Edition, 2018, this evening program is a musical synthesis of the exhibition-within-the-International-exhibition Dusty Groove II: Space Is a Diamond. Working in collaboration, John Corbett, Jim Dempsey, and artist Josiah McElheny have presented a gallery of artifacts anchored by sculptural portraits of four maverick musicians of the twentieth century: John Cage, Pauline Oliveros, Harry Partch, and Sun Ra, plus an homage to the "cosmic explorations" of the twenty-first century musical visionary, Joe McPhee. The performance brings together Joe McPhee himself, with Claire Chase, and Peter Evans, three giants of contemporary of music, in turn inspired by these four historical figures, and a revival of composer Lucia Dlugoszewski's "Space is a Diamond", performed for the first time in over 40 years.
to Mar 2
Claire Chase: Density 2036, part vi
Fri, Mar 1, 2019 8:00 PM 20:00 Sat, Mar 2, 2019 10:00 PM 22:00
The Kitchen (map)
Two Concerts
For the sixth year of Density 2036, her 23-year project to commission an entirely new body of repertory for solo flute each year until the 100th anniversary of Edgard Varèse's groundbreaking 1936 flute solo, Density 21.5, Claire Chase premieres new works by Olga Neuwirth, Phyllis Chen, Pamela Z, and Sarah Hennies, featuring Constellation Chor. She will also be joined by instrumentalist and composer Tyshawn Sorey for a reprise of their collaboration from Density, part iv.
The Hermitage Artist Residency
Mon, Jan 28, 2019 1:00 PM 13:00 Mon, Feb 18, 2019 2:00 PM 14:00
Claire is a fellow at The Hermitage in January and February, working intensively on the Density 2036 project and with members of the International Contemporary Ensemble on various collaborative projects.
SoundState - The Next Generation: Music of Today
Purcell Room (Southbank Centre) (map)
*part of a concert series*
Take in gripping music by two composers, Dai Fujikura and Andrew Norman, who are fast becoming the leading lights of their generation. Claire Chase plays Fujikura's tour de force flute concerto with the London's Philharmonia Orchestra with rising star conductor Dalia Stasevska.
soundstate - Density 2036
Queen Elizabeth Hall (map)
Visionary and virtuosic flute player Claire Chase performs new music, part of a 22-year project building a radical body of work for her instrument.
Density 2036 challenges today's most creative artists to write new and exciting work for Chase to perform. The project takes its name from Edgar Varèse's path-breaking Density 21.5, and culminates in a 24-hour marathon in 2036 – the centenary of the premiere of Varèse's composition.
This is the first time these new works have been heard in London.
soundstate - Extracts of Pan: Community Workshop with Claire Chase
Royal Festival Hall (map)
Free Concert
Get a taste of the limelight by performing alongside visionary artist, flautist and composer Claire Chase in Queen Elizabeth Hall.
Learn directly from the performer, educator, collaborative artist and new music advocate in this workshop, and perform alongside her during Density 2036 in Queen Elizabeth Hall on 18 January.
Composed by Marcos Balter, Pan – part performance, part ritual – puts Chase's virtuosic flute playing at the heart of an electronic soundscape inspired by the mythic demigod. During the performance, she is surrounded on stage by members of a purpose-built musical community – which could include you.
You don't need any experience in reading music, playing an instrument or singing. This opportunity is open to everyone who can attend this workshop and commit to the evening performance.
SoundState Festival
Wed, Jan 16, 2019 1:00 PM 13:00 Sun, Jan 20, 2019 5:30 PM 17:30
Southbank Centre (map)
Bringing together an unrivalled concentration of global creativity, SoundState celebrates the artists who are defining what it means to make new music in the 21st century.
Our three featured artists – Claire Chase, Du Yun and Rebecca Saunders – lead an international line-up from Iran, Turkey, Pakistan, Slovenia, Sweden, Germany and beyond, across five nights of cross-boundary sounds and cutting-edge music.
Experience groundbreaking performances by Ensemble Modern, Resident Orchestras London Philharmonic Orchestra, Philharmonia Orchestra and London Sinfonietta, and Associate Orchestra Aurora Orchestra, plus more.
to Jan 6
Residency at Mount Tremper Arts
Sun, Dec 30, 2018 1:00 PM 13:00 Sun, Jan 6, 2019 9:00 PM 21:00
Mount Tremper Arts (map)
Claire is in residence at Mount Tremper Arts workshopping Density 2019 material by Phyllis Chen, Pamela Z, Olga Neuwirth and Sarah Hennies.
MUS 172R — The 21st Century Flute
Free and open to the public.
Will feature four world premieres and a rare performance of Julius Eastman's "Gay Guerrilla."
Olga Neuwirth concerto in Hamburg
Elbphilharmonie (map)
Claire will be performing Olga Neuwirth's flute concerto, "Aello – ballet mécanomorphe."
Du Yun Composer Portrait at Miller Theatre
Miller Theatre (Columbia University) (map)
The 2017 recipient of the Pulitzer Prize in Music for her opera Angel's Bone, Du Yun is a multifaceted artist—composer, multi-instrumentalist, performance artist, and curator. Her music is adventurous and daring; it embraces orchestral, theatrical, pop music, storytelling, cabaret, and visual arts influences, and reflects her social activism. She avidly collaborates with International Contemporary Ensemble, of which she was a founding member, for an evening of recent works.
ALBUM RELEASE EVENT WITH NATHAN DAVIS AT NYPL
New York Public Library For the Performing Arts (map)
Join us as we celebrate the album release of Nathan Davis's Hagoromo on Tundra Records! Recorded live at BAM's Next Wave Festival in 2015, this album showcases ICE with the Brooklyn Youth Chorus, conducted by Nicholas DeMaison.
New York Public Library for the Performing Arts
Vincent Astor Gallery Amsterdam Avenue entrance between 65th and 66th Streets
Solo recital with special guests Phyllis Chen and Tyshawn Sorey
Harvard University (Holden Chapel) (map)
New flute works by Phyllis Chen, Hans Tutchku, George Lewis, Du Yun, and Tyshawn Sorey
to Oct 6
Pan comes to Chicago!
Fri, Oct 5, 2018 7:00 PM 19:00 Sat, Oct 6, 2018 3:00 PM 15:00
Garfield Park Fieldhouse (map)
Project&'s Pan comes to Chicago on October 5th & 6th. Pan is a participatory opera about the titular Greek god for flute, with live electronics, and a large ensemble of players participants from across and among communities in which it is staged. It will be performed at the Garfield Park Field House on the west side of the city in partnership with the Chicago Park District.
JULIUS EASTMAN: GAY GUERRILLA IN HARVARD YARD
Harvard Yard (map)
Ticket Info Forthcoming
Claire Chase's MUSIC 185R class - a multi-practice ensemble of 20 Harvard students - responds to Teresita Fernandez's stunning "Autumn...(Nothing Personal)" exhibition with a performance of Julius Eastman's iconic 1979 "Gay Guerrilla" for open ensemble. Prof. Chase and her ensemble will be joined by special guests from Boston, Banff and beyond.
Claire Chase With Roomful Of Teeth
Mass MoCA (map)
Roomful of Teeth, the ensemble of Grammy Award-winning vocal titans led by Williams College professor Brad Wells, returns to its summer home at MASS MoCA creating new works and honing techniques. Teeth's residency culminates in unforgettable performances, this year to include Richard Beaudoin's Another Woman of Another Kind featuring Clair Chase and a new arrangement of David Lang's Little Match Girl Passion. Get tickets early for this one.
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WIMMERA Health Care Group hopes Speech Pathology Week will highlight the importance of building greater communication accessibility in the region. The week started on Sunday and runs until Saturday, and has the theme Communication access is communication for all. Speech Pathology Australia has called for greater action to ensure Australians with a communication disability are able to fully participate in community life, whether in social, educational or sporting areas. Health care group chief speech pathologist Brooke Pay said communication access worked in the same way as mobility or wheelchair access, by removing barriers for people with communication disorders and providing extra support. "Communication is a basic human right and Australia needs to do more to achieve communication access for those with a communication disability," she said. "Communication, by definition, involves at least two people. People with communication difficulties often experience communication barriers to their full participation in community life. This might lead to social and emotion isolation. "When people are denied a voice for political reasons, we take action. When they are denied for accessibility reasons, it often goes unnoticed. Nonetheless, we all have a responsibility to uphold others' right to communicate in daily life in order to enhance equality, justice and human dignity." Speech Pathology Australia estimates there are 1.2 million people in the country with a communication disability. Ms Pay said those with a communication disability communicated with others using a variety of techniques, including word-based or picture-based communication boards or books, signs and gestures, and spelling. She said technology played a vital role in keeping these people engaged with their family, friends and others in their community. Technologies include electronic communication and speech generating devices, voice amplification, and computer access aids, including eye-gaze mouse control and head tracking devices. Ms Pay said communities needed to be accessible to everyone, including people with communication difficulties, physical disabilities, reading difficulties, vision impairment, hearing impairment and intellectual disabilities. "When we create communication accessible communities, everyone gets the message," she said.
Horsham's Tyrese Douglas, 4, with speech pathologist Mollie Quin.
WIMMERA Health Care Group hopes Speech Pathology Week will highlight the importance of building greater communication accessibility in the region.
The week started on Sunday and runs until Saturday, and has the theme Communication access is communication for all.
Speech Pathology Australia has called for greater action to ensure Australians with a communication disability are able to fully participate in community life, whether in social, educational or sporting areas.
Health care group chief speech pathologist Brooke Pay said communication access worked in the same way as mobility or wheelchair access, by removing barriers for people with communication disorders and providing extra support.
"Communication is a basic human right and Australia needs to do more to achieve communication access for those with a communication disability," she said.
"Communication, by definition, involves at least two people. People with communication difficulties often experience communication barriers to their full participation in community life. This might lead to social and emotion isolation.
Speech Pathology Australia estimates there are 1.2 million people in the country with a communication disability.
Ms Pay said those with a communication disability communicated with others using a variety of techniques, including word-based or picture-based communication boards or books, signs and gestures, and spelling.
She said technology played a vital role in keeping these people engaged with their family, friends and others in their community.
Technologies include electronic communication and speech generating devices, voice amplification, and computer access aids, including eye-gaze mouse control and head tracking devices.
Ms Pay said communities needed to be accessible to everyone, including people with communication difficulties, physical disabilities, reading difficulties, vision impairment, hearing impairment and intellectual disabilities.
"When we create communication accessible communities, everyone gets the message," she said.
Discuss "Wimmera health group spreads communication message"
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Ramiro Braian Luna (General Rodríguez, Buenos Aires; 21 de julio de 1995) es un futbolista argentino. Juega de volante y su equipo actual es Arsenal, de la Liga Profesional de Fútbol.
Carrera
Leandro N. Alem
Con 18 años, Luna llegó al primer equipo de Leandro N. Alem.
En el club estuvo desde 2013 hasta 2019, dónde convirtió 15 goles en 131 partidos.
Midland
En 2019, Luna se convirtió en refuerzo de Midland, equipo de la Primera C. Jugó 26 partidos y convirtió un gol.
Arsenal
Tras realizar buenas actuaciones en el ascenso, el volante se convirtió en refuerzo de Arsenal, de la Primera División. Su debut fue el 14 de noviembre en la victoria por 0-2 a Racing. Meses más tarde le convirtió 2 goles a Independiente.
Clubes
Referencias
Enlaces externos
Ficha en Soccerway
Ficha en Transfermarkt
Ficha en BDFA
Futbolistas de Argentina
Futbolistas de General Rodríguez
Futbolistas de la provincia de Buenos Aires
Futbolistas del Club Deportivo y Mutual Leandro N. Alem
Futbolistas del Club Atlético Ferrocarril Midland
Futbolistas del Arsenal Fútbol Club
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CBE lays out refund strategy in wake of COVID-19 cancellations
Sammy Hudes
Apr 03, 2020 • Last Updated April 3, 2020 • 3 minute read
The exterior of the Calgary Board of Education building was photographed on Tuesday, February 4, 2020. Gavin Young/Postmedia
The Calgary Board of Education has announced it is in the process of refunding school, transportation and field trip fees to parents due to cancellations caused by the novel coronavirus pandemic.
Fees paid for noon supervision, as well as transportation, between March 16 and June 30, will be refunded starting next month, the school district stated in an email to parents on Friday.
Reimbursements for payments over credit and debit card will be rolled out over a few weeks in May, while those who paid through other methods should expect the school board to be in touch about an alternative refund process, it said.
"We are working as fast as we can to return funds paid for the period of March 16-June 30, 2020," stated the email to families. "We understand many of our families have lost income and need access to these refunds.
"Refunding fees for so many families has never been done before. While we finalize our processing and refund options, we and our business partners are also facing the same issues as many Canadians. The need for social distancing, self isolation and global transitioning to a work from home model means a longer response time for us and all of our partners."
Refunds for fees charged at the school level will take longer to process, "due to the complexity of the work," according to the CBE.
It said its finance team is working with school principals to determine refunds based on goods and activities provided and fees paid by parents. It expects to reimburse parents by June.
"Please refrain from contacting the school regarding refunds until this time," stated the email. "Further information will be shared by your school principal as soon as it becomes available."
Meanwhile, fees paid for all field trips (including in Calgary, out of Calgary, out of Alberta and out of Canada) could take months.
CBE support staff face layoffs upon spring break return
Alberta cancels all K-12 classes over COVID-19 fears; schools explore alternatives
All city-organized public events in Calgary cancelled up to June 30
The CBE is working with tour operators, service providers and its insurance providers regarding travel claims. The school district plans to submit a claim on behalf of parents for each trip.
"The first steps are to work with the tour operators and service providers to determine what the refundable and non-refundable fees are for each trip," stated the CBE. "Once that has been determined then schools are compiling all of the data and documents necessary to submit an insurance claim."
As insurance providers are dealing with multiple claims from other school boards, it's not yet clear when refunds will be distributed.
"Thank you for your understanding as we work to return funds to you as quickly as we can," the CBE told families.
"We will send another fees update near the end of April with more information and timelines."
CBE trustee chair Marilyn Dennis. Photo by Azin Ghaffari /Postmedia
In mid-March, the province announced all school classes would be cancelled until further notice due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, K-12 schools remained open, with teachers and staff expected to continue educating their students in an alternative way so they could receive a final mark for the current academic year.
On Friday, all public events scheduled up to June 30 in Calgary were cancelled .
That means all public rentals of CBE spaces have also been cancelled through the end of June in accordance with the city's announcement, a spokeswoman for the school district confirmed.
The CBE is also reviewing whether events like graduation ceremonies will still take place.
"The decision will be made based on the best information available from AHS and in alignment with Alberta Education," Megan Geyer said in an email.
"We know these are significant celebrations for students, families and schools. In the event that they must be cancelled, we will look for different ways to celebrate."
The Calgary Catholic School District says it is currently assessing the situation surrounding graduation ceremonies and would provide an update to families soon following the city's announcement.
"Thus far we had put any deposits on hold and were waiting to see how the situation evolved," a spokeswoman said in an email.
shudes@postmedia.com
Twitter: @SammyHudes
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Leading UK experts in all aspects of bird and pigeon control. Complete Bird Control caters to the domestic and commercial markets, assisting homeowners, commercial businesses, local authorities and housing services alike with all bird problems.
For years, our team of experts have strived to provide our customers with a highly effective, time-conscious service, that promptly resolves your bird problems. We deliver professional bird and pigeon control advice and deterrents.
From the moment you take advantage of our free surveys and quotations you can experience complete peace of mind. All of our work is guaranteed, we are fully insured and you'll always receive a method assessment and site specific risk assessments.
With offices situated in Birmingham, Bristol, London and Manchester, our bird control services are accessible from anywhere in the UK, meaning you're never alone with your bird problems.
For years we have honed our skills and mastered our craft, acquiring years of industry knowledge and expertise to enable us to bring about fast, affordable and effective resolutions.
Our goal is to provide you with humane solutions that will naturally deter and prevent the build-up of unwanted flocks of bird, seagulls and pigeons. From the installation of bird and pigeon spikes to the decontamination of buildings; we can help stop infestations, eliminate health risks, and prevent building damage, accidents and noise pollution.
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Q: Reading a Unicode file in C and passing contents as ASCII via sockets I've being trying to figure this out, but nothing seems to work. We have an application
that reads thousands of transactions files using the normal "fopen fgets etc", which we parse using normal C functions "strstr, strchr, etc" and return back a normalized char *.
However, now we need to read some files that are in Unicode (from Windows) and I am having a lot of trouble. From what I am working on, I only receive a FP (file pointer) without knowing if the FP points to a normal ascii file or Unicode and I need to send back to the application as char *.
I also can not run command line tools to manually convert the whole file, because we are tailing it for new entries.
I tried using WideCharToMultiByte, mbsrtowcs, but it seems that after I read the file using fgets, and pass to them, the return is always empty (0 bytes). Anyone have any example on how to do it properly? The online docs/manuals for these functions all miss good examples.
Thanks!
A: I don't have the full answer, but part of the problem is determining the character encoding. Normally unicode format files created in windows will start with a byte-order-mark (BOM) - the unicode character U+FEFF. This can be used to determine what the encoding is, if one is found.
If you have a string encoded using say UTF16, this will have any number of embedded NULL bytes, you cannot use the normal ASCII versions of the string functions (strlen and so on), as they will see the NULL bytes as the end of string marker. Your standard library will have unicode enabled versions that you should use.
A: That's one of the problems with character encodings -- either you have to assume that it's in some encoding, you have to get that information from inside the data or from metadata, or you have to detect that.
On Windows, it's common to use byte-order mark at the beginning of file, but this violates many practices and breaks a lot of things -- so it's not common in unix world.
There's a bunch of libraries devoted just for that -- unicode and character encodings. Most popular are iconv and ICU.
A: A few points:
If you can be sure that the UNICODE files have a Byte Order Mark (BOM) you can look out for that. However UNICODE files are not required to have a BOM, so it depends on where they come from.
If the file is UNICODE, you cannot read it with fgets() you need to use fgetws() or fread(). UNICODE characters may have zero bytes (bytes with a value of zero) which will confuse fgets().
The zero bytes can be your friend. If you read in a lump of the file using fread(), and discover embedded zero bytes, it is likely that you have UNICODE. However the reverse is not true -- the absence of zero bytes does not prove that you have ASCII. English letters in UNICODE will have zero bytes, but many other languages (e.g. Chinese) will not.
If you know what language the text is in, you can test for characters that are not valid in that language -- but it is a bit hit and miss.
In the above, I am using "UNICODE" in the Windows way -- to refer to UTF16 with Intel byte ordering. However in the real world you could get UTF8 or UTF32 and you might get non-Intel byte ordering. (Theoretically you could get UTF7, but that is pretty rare).
If you have control over the input files, you can insist that they have BOMs, which makes it easy.
Failing that, if you know the language of the files you can try to guess the encoding, but that is less than 100% reliable. Otherwise, you might need to ask the operator (if there is one) to specify the encoding.
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Biolux® is an exclusive Interlux technology for keeping the bottoms of boats clean by eliminating the collection of slime. The unique Biolux® delivery system incorporates organic boosting biocides with powerful anti-fouling agents such as cuprous oxide. Biolux® Technology is used in Micron® Extra, Ultra®, Trilux® 33, Trilux® Prop & Drive, Micron® Optima, VC® 17m Extra and new Micron® 66®. This system is over 240 times more effective against algae than copper. These new bottom paints therefore offer the strongest protection ever developed against the full spectrum of fouling shells, weeds and slime.
You can use our Paint Estimator to determine how much paint is required. Just enter the type and dimensions of your boat, the product you're using and the number of coats required, and you'll receive a helpful estimate.
We'll help you calculate how much paint is needed.
What is the underwater area?
Recommended no. of coats: ?
How many coats do you want to apply?
If you put less than the minimum recommended numbers of coats, it may affect the performance of the coating.
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| 8,892
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Go or stay? That is the question for disenchanted Liberals pondered by The Spectator earlier this month.
Nationals' supporters may well also be pondering this question following the tragic personal-but-public Canberra soap opera embroiling the government.
But if good people leave the Coalition parties for the likes of Australian Conservatives, does that just leave the bad guys in charge? That is, in essence, the conundrum.
Watching in disbelief the PC-driven drift to the Left, many conservatives are worried that the barbarians are at the gates of the Liberal and National Parties.
There is a case that the barbarians have actually been running the show for some time.
The real issue is not whether conservatives are leaving the Coalition parties but that the power brokers in the Coalition parties have left conservatives.
In the post-Howard years, it is clear to me that conservatives within the Liberal and National parties are marginalised more and more.
It is generally the Christopher Pyne "winners' circle" types who call the shots.
It might be a Michael Photios in New South Wales, a George Brandis in Queensland or a Julie Bishop in WA.
Conservatives more often than not yield and make compromises. They accept pre-selection results which send anti-conservatives to Canberra.
This acquiescence is rewarded when "moderates" like Christopher Pyne advocate for "Safe Schools" or five "rebel" MPs threaten to cross the floor unless the government breaks its election promise on marriage.
If conservatives acted like this, there would be hell to pay. But Coalition moderates get away with bad behaviour without even such as a wet lettuce leaf across the knuckles.
As The Spectator itself noted, the Liberals have drifted from the Centre-Right to the soggy centre under Malcolm Turnbull's leadership.
As The Spectator also noted, Australian Conservatives does not intend to win by making Coalition governments lose.
One Nation tried this and succeeded at the Queensland election.
The Democratic Labor Party succeeded in its quest to punish Labor by keeping it off the treasury benches for 23 years.
So won't Australian Conservatives simply do the same to the Liberals?
This is where it is worth looking at what has been occurring on the Left of politics for the past 30 years.
Despite Labor's faux attempts to distance itself from them, the Greens have never cost Labor government.
And while Labor has demanded that the Coalition preference One Nation last as a point of principle, Labor has never taken this position with the Greens.
So toxic are the Greens to the national interest, the moral case for always preferencing them last is overwhelming.
While it is unlikely Australian Conservatives will ever preference a Trent Zimmerman or Warren Entsch, we will preference conservative-leaning candidates who will overwhelmingly be Coalition candidates.
Conservative voters can use the preference system to vote conservative without bringing the house down. The Greens have never kept Labor from winning government. But they have had disproportionate influence.
On many issues now, the Greens and Labor are joined at the hip. That would have been unthinkable 20 years ago.
Maybe the day will come when this happens on the centre-right.
Australian Conservatives is not a populist party or a protest party. It can shape Coalition Governments and help stop the mission drift.
We may well be the only thing that saves the Coalition from itself.
So conservatives can go or stay in the confidence that the existence of a better way will not deliver government to Labor.
Australian Conservatives is the leaven needed to ensure common sense does not perish from the earth.
Lyle Shelton is federal communications director for the Australian Conservatives.
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3D-printed Lithium-ion Battery Could Power Electric Vehicles, Drones
Jean Thilmany
Electrical Equipment and Appliance Manufacturing Energy
We rely on lithium-ion batteries every day to charge our smartphones, laptops, and many other electronics. One day they could power our electric vehicles. But the energy-storage capacity of lithium-ion batteries has struggled to keep up with the surging demands for their use.
Now, engineers at Carnegie Mellon University say they've found a way to significantly extend lithium-ion battery life by using a new method to print 3-D electrodes.
The lattice printing 3-D method could not only extend battery life, it could serve to create batteries made from materials like silicon, which would give the batteries faster recharging times and, when used in electric cars, longer range time. The low-weight and high-energy-capacity batteries the printing method create could also power small, light devices, like drones.
For You: Making the Next-Generation Lithium-Ion Batteries Safer, Longer-Lasting
All batteries contain two metal electrodes, a negatively charged anode and the positively charged cathode, separated by a substance called the electrolyte. A lithium-ion battery, or Li-ion battery, is a rechargeable battery in which lithium ions move from the negative electrode to the positive electrode during discharge, and then move back when charging
Lithium-ion battery electrodes 3-D printed with a lattice provides channels for lithium to move effectively into the electrode. Image: Rahul Panat / Carnegie Mellon University
The Carnegie Mellon team's electrodes are printed using Aerosol Jet technology, which assembles droplets one-by-one to create electrodes with lattice-like, interlaced structures with complex geometries that can be created using the current electrode-printing methods, said Rahul Panat, associate professor of mechanical engineering at the university.
Right now, lithium-ion battery electrodes are 3-D printed through an extrusion method that lays down "fingers" of the material one atop the other to form a solid block of material. Lithium has a hard time penetrating that solid block to charge the electrode, Panat said.
"Lithium has to penetrate throughout volume of electrode for it to be fully utilized," he said. "In today's commercially available batteries, you have about 30 to 50 percent of the lithium used."
The chemical, on the other hand, can easily diffused throughout the channels and pores of the latticed electrode to completely saturate the electrode. The researchers have found that lithium saturates 100 percent of the battery's electrode when it's printed using their technique.
A 3-D printed, latticed electrode can make for a smaller battery that still carries the same charging capability of its larger, solid-electrode counterpart.
Prof. Rahul Panat, Carnegie Mellon University
Panut worked with Jonghyun Park, an assistant professor of aerospace engineering at Missouri University of Science and Technology to develop the new printing method.
Because it has more energy storage capacity, the latticed electrode can be used to make a smaller battery that still carries the same charging capability of its larger, solid-electrode counterpart.
"Or it could make the same-size battery that would hold much more charge," Panat said.
Another benefit of the new process is that electrodes could now be created from widely available materials like silicone and oxide, which can store five to ten times more energy than the graphite lithium-ion batteries used today, Panat said. But that poses its own set of problems.
Because silicon can hold 10 times more lithium atoms, it expands significantly when charged.
"In the very first charging cycle, the silicon-electrode battery inside the test vehicle would expand to three times its original volume and crack. The battery would be dead," Panat said. "The very fact these materials can hold more lithium becomes the reason for their cracking. It's ironic. So stress relief is extremely important."
To overcome that, the team added channels and pillars to the electrodes, which keep the battery from expanding. The lithium saturates the electrode, so it has no need to expand.
The new electrode-printing method could be commercialized in about four years, Panat said.
"Right now, we're evaluating different materials, different use conditions, and looking at how many recharge cycles these batteries would work for," he said.
Jean Thilmany is a freelance writer in St. Paul who frequently writes on engineering topics.
Read More: Battery CapacityGets a Boost 4D Printing Advances Additive Manufacturing Building Better Batteries
California Looks to Develop Its Lithium Valley
Geothermal brines contain enough of lithium to meet the world's demand. Companies are working to extract the metal and make batteries in the Imperial Valley.
On Track to a Hydrogen-Powered Locomotive
The North American rail freight fleet has approximately 25,000 locomotives in service. A solution being designed in partnership between the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Argonne National Laboratory, and Wabtec, a U.S. manufacturer of locomotives hopes to create a hydrogen-powered version that could reduce an estimated 5.6 million pounds of carbon dioxide per year.
Fortifying Puerto Rico's Power Grid
Puerto Rico's power grid was destroyed during Hurricane Maria. DOE planners are studying how people use electricity or move off of the grid in planning how to fortify the infrastructure as the island transitions to renewable power sources.
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Kicks-Crew.com accept PayPal.com Secured Payments (Credit Card, Bank).
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Die Karlskaserne war ein militärisch genutztes Gebäude in Freiburg im Breisgau, das aus der vorderösterreichischen Zeit der Stadt unter Maria Theresia stammte. Die Kaserne lag am Ostende des heutigen Europaplatzes und dem Nordende der Kaiser-Joseph-Straße und wurde im Zweiten Weltkrieg zerstört. Heute steht davon lediglich wieder der Westflügel, in dem das Amt für Kinder, Jugend und Familie (AKi) der Stadt untergebracht ist.
Geschichte
Nach dem Verlust der Festung Breisach im Westfälischen Frieden an Frankreich bauten die Österreicher ab 1651 Freiburg zu einem militärischen Stützpunkt aus und errichteten eine Kaserne in der Nähe des Christoffeltors nahe der mittelalterlichen Stadtmauer. Geholfen hat es nicht, denn bereits 1677 eroberte François de Créquy die Stadt für die Krone Frankreichs. Unter französischer Herrschaft mussten Mauer und Kaserne einer modernen Festungsanlage Vaubans weichen. Die Franzosen bauten auch eine neue Kaserne. Nachdem jedoch im Vorfrieden von Breslau und dem Frieden von Dresden Freiburg wieder habsburgisch geworden war, schleiften sie 1745, bevor sie die Stadt verließen, das Gebäude.
Im Jahre 1773 beauftragten die breisgauischen Landstände Leonhard Wippert, die Kaserne neu zu errichten. Den Namen Karlskaserne erhielt der Bau nach Erzherzog Karl Ludwig Johann Joseph Laurentius v. Österreich, dem Befreier Freiburgs, der 1796 die französischen Revolutionstruppen aus der Stadt vertrieben hatte.
Nach dem Sieg 1870/71 über Frankreich benannte die Stadt den Platz vor der Karlskaserne nach Kaiser Wilhelm I. und bestimmte ihn als Standplatz für das Siegesdenkmal, welches 1876 in Anwesenheit seiner Majestät eingeweiht wurde. 1962 wurde es nach Westen versetzt und der offiziell namenlose Platz zu einem autogerechten Verkehrsknoten umgebaut. In der Bevölkerung hieß der Platz Siegesdenkmal, wie auch die Haltestellen von Straßenbahn und Bus. Seit Ende 2018, nachdem das Siegesdenkmal wieder fast an seinen alten Platz vor dem Bau versetzt worden war, heißt der Platz offiziell Europaplatz.
Der Karlsplatz und das Gelände des heutigen Stadtgartens dienten als Exerzier- und Übungsplätze. Auch Jahrmärkte und Messen fanden dort statt. Als die Stadt stark wuchs, wurde 1887 der Exerzierplatz auf den heutigen Flugplatz Freiburg verlegt. Am alten Ort, südlich der 1854 von Friedrich Eisenlohr errichteten Kunst- und Festhalle, wurde der Stadtgarten als Naherholungsgebiet eingerichtet. Der Bereich um die Hermannstraße und Erasmusstraße wurde ebenfalls aus dem Kasernenbereich ausgegliedert und bebaut.
Seit 1866 war das 5. Badische Infanterieregiment Nr. 113 in der Karlskaserne stationiert. An die Gefallenen der "113er" erinnerten 18 Bronzetafeln, die 1874 an den Säulen des Gitters vor der Kaserne angebracht wurden. Diese wurden 1972 auf dem Alten Friedhof aufgestellt. Das Gittertor mit Bekrönung sowie ein Gitterabschnitt wurden 1997 im Hof des Wentzingerhauses aufgestellt.
Als 1906 die Rempartkaserne abgebrochen wurde, um dort das Kollegiengebäude I der Universität zu errichten, wurde die Karlskaserne durch Neu- und Anbauten erweitert, u. a. durch die nahe gelegene Erbgroßherzog-Friedrich-Kaserne im Stadtteil Neuburg.
Die militärische Nutzung endete 1919. Das Gebäude ging in städtischen Besitz über und wurde als Verwaltungsgebäude genutzt, zuletzt als Sitz der NSDAP-Kreisleitung. Während des Luftangriffs auf Freiburg am 27. November 1944, wurde die Kaserne stark zerstört. 1950/51 wurde der Westflügel des Gebäudes, das ursprüngliche Hauptgebäude, in leicht vereinfachter Form, aber unter Beibehaltung der 21-achsigen Fensterfront, wiedererrichtet und zunächst von der Oberpostdirektion Freiburg im Breisgau genutzt. Nachdem diese Behörde 1975 in ein neues Gebäude im Westen der Stadt umgezogen war, wurde die ehemalige Kaserne als Dienstgebäude des städtischen Sozial- und Jugendamts genutzt; nach einer Neuordnung der Verwaltung ist hier das Amt für Kinder, Jugend und Familie (AKI) untergebracht.
Gebäude
Das symmetrische, mit der Fassade nach Westen gerichtete viergeschossige Gebäude mit 21 Fensterachsen ist schlicht gehalten. Der Mittelteil mit drei Fensterachsen ist leicht nach vorne gesetzt und ebenso wie die drei äußeren Fensterachsen durch Lisenen abgesetzt. Gegenüber dem Vorgängerbau ist das vierte Vollgeschoss etwas niedriger als beim Ursprungsgebäude, dafür wurden im Dach über die ganze Breite Dachgauben eingebaut. Der Giebel über dem Mittelteil entstand erst nach 1826, um die Uhr des in der Nähe gestandenen und kurz zuvor abgebrochenen Christophstors aufzunehmen. Auch die schmiedeeisernen Aufhängung für das Glöckchen in Form eines doppelten L wurde übernommen. Die Bourbonenlilie auf der Krone wurde durch ein Kreuz ersetzt, so widmete man das ursprüngliche Initial des französischen Königs Ludwig XIV. dem badischen Großherzog Ludwig II.
Über dem Haupteingang des Gebäudes findet sich als einziger Fassadenschmuck eine Wappenkartusche aus drei Wappenschilden. Sie symbolisiert die Breisgauischen Landstände als Bauherren der Kaserne. Oben steht der die Welt erhaltende Christus für den Prälatenstand, der ein Viertel der Baukosten zu tragen hatte. Dazu gehörten die Äbte und Äbtissinnen der Klöster St. Blasien, Schuttern, St. Peter, Tennenbach, Adelhausen und Günterstal. Unten links kämpft der Heilige Georg, der die Ritterschaft und den Adel repräsentiert, die ebenfalls ein Viertel zu tragen hatten. Die zweite Hälfte der Baukosten trug der dritte Stand, der durch ein geviertes Wappen repräsentiert wird. Er enthält die Einzelwappen der Städte Freiburg im Breisgau (Kreuz), Breisach (Adler), Neuenburg (Schrägrechtsbalken) und Waldshut (Waldhüter). Freiburg hatte die Präsidentschaft inne und erhielt daher den wichtigsten Platz auf dem Wappen. Diese drei Wappen befanden sich ebenfalls auf den drei Säulen vor dem Freiburger Münster. Inzwischen ist jedoch nur noch das Wappen des dritten Standes an der rechten Säule zu erkennen.
Vor dem Gebäude befand sich über die ganze Breite ein Lanzengitter, das erhalten ist, aber nicht wieder angebracht wurde, sondern eingelagert ist.
Zukunft
Nach einer Machbarkeitsstudie aus dem Jahre 2011, die zu dem Ergebnis kam, dass der Bau eines neuen Rathauses sich rechnet, wenn unter anderem die Karlskaserne verkauft wird, wurde der erste Bauabschnitt des Rathauses im Stühlinger 2017 fertig gestellt. Ende Juli 2021 beschloss der Gemeinderat den Bau des zweiten Gebäudes, in dem das Amt für Kinder, Jugend und Familie unterkommen soll. Mehrere Fraktionen wehren sich gegen einen Verkauf dieses historischen Gebäudes. Daraufhin teilte Anfang Oktober 2021 die Stadt mit, dass der Bau nun nicht verkauft, sondern im Erbbaurecht vergeben werden soll.
Literatur
Peter Kalchthaler: Freiburg und seine Bauten, ein kunsthistorischer Stadtrundgang. Promo Verlag, Freiburg 2006, ISBN 3-923288-45-X.
Peter Untucht: Freiburg und die Regio. DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2007, ISBN 978-3-7701-7338-9.
Wolfgang Herterich: Freiburg als Garnisonsstadt 1866 bis 1919. In: Freiburger Almanach. 45 (1994), S. 87–93.
Einzelnachweise
Weblinks
Bauwerk in Freiburg im Breisgau
Erbaut im 17. Jahrhundert
Ehemalige Kaserne in Baden-Württemberg
Karl von Österreich-Teschen als Namensgeber
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Thomas William Lamont Jr. (September 30, 1870 – February 2, 1948) was an American banker.
Early life
Lamont was born in Claverack, New York. His parents were Thomas Lamont, a Methodist minister, and Caroline Deuel Jayne. Since his father was a minister, they moved around Upstate New York a lot and they were not very wealthy. He graduated from Phillips Exeter Academy in 1888, where he was editor of the school newspaper, The Exonian, as well as the school yearbook and literary magazine. He then attended Harvard College.
Early career
At Harvard, he became first freshman editor of The Harvard Crimson, which helped him pay off some of his tuition. He graduated cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1892. He met his wife, Florence Haskell Corliss, at the 1890 Harvard commencement. He started working under the city editor for the New York Tribune two days after he graduated from Harvard in 1892. He married Florence on October 31, 1895 in Englewood, New Jersey.
He also worked for the Albany Evening Journal, Boston Advertiser, Boston Herald, and New York Tribune, which paid only $25, while he was at Harvard.
At the Tribune, he received many promotions, including night editor and helping the financial editor, which gave him his first taste of the financial world. He left journalism because of the low pay and went into business
He began working in business for Cushman Bros., which later became Lamont, Corliss, and Company, and turned it into a successful importing and marketing firm. It was an advertising agency that worked for food corporations. The company was in a bad financial status, but Lamont fixed it, and the company changed its name to Lamont, Corliss, and Company. He was partners with his brother-in-law, Corliss. His banking caught the attention of banker Henry P. Davison, who asked Thomas to join the new Bankers Trust. He started as secretary and treasurer and then moved up to being Vice President and then was promoted to director. He rose to the vice presidency of the First National Bank.
He was a member of the Jekyll Island Club on Jekyll Island, Georgia. There, along with J. P. Morgan Jr. and a few others, they secretly made a plan in 1910 for a central bank, similar to the Federal Reserve System.
In 1918, he purchased the New York Evening Post, of which his brother, Hammond, had been managing editor a decade earlier, from Oswald Garrison Villard. After failing to make a profit, he sold the paper in January, 1922 to a syndicate that was headed by the paper's editor, Edwin F. Gay.
J. P. Morgan
On January 1, 1911, he became a partner of J.P. Morgan & Co., following Davison to the company.
World War I
The company had also started an improvised system so that the Allies could buy supplies from them. In 1917, he joined the Liberty Loan Committee, which helped the treasury sell war bonds to Americans. He also served unofficially as an advisor to a mission to the Allies, led by Edward M. House, as requested by President Woodrow Wilson.
Lamont not only advised the other countries but also went to them. Right before he was going to go to Europe, the Bolsheviks took power in Russia. He and the head of the American Red Cross, William B. Thompson, along with the approval of the British prime minister, Lloyd George, tried to convince America to aid the Bolsheviks so that Russia would stay in the war. However, they were unsuccessful.
Peace negotiations
Both he and Norman H. Davis were appointed as representatives of the Treasury Department to the Paris Peace Conference and had to determine what Germany had to pay in reparations. He drew up the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan to reduce the amount paid by Germany.
Influence
In the interwar period, he was a spokesman for J.P. Morgan because J.P. Morgan Jr. was retiring. He handled the press and defended the firm during hearings like the those of Arsene Pujo that investigated powerful Wall Street bankers.
He was one of the most important agents for the Morgan investments abroad. A member of the Council of Foreign Relations, he was an unofficial advisor to the Wilson, Herbert Hoover, and Franklin Roosevelt administrations. Hoover contacted Lamont about his proposal for a debt repayment moratorium in the 1931 financial crisis. This also has important implications for later events such as his 1932 election campaign.
Japan
Lamont later undertook a semiofficial mission to Japan in 1920 to protect American financial issues in Asia. However, he did not aggressively challenge Japanese efforts to build a sphere of influence in Manchuria; indeed, he supported Japan's non-militaristic politics until late into the 1930s.
Ron Chernow won the National Book Award for his book The House of Morgan in which he claimed that Lamont had authored the infamous Japanese response to deceive the world about the Mukden incident, which was used as a pretext for Japan's invasion of Manchuria. That defied the expressed position of US government and the League of Nations that Japan, not China, was the aggressor.
Mexico
Lamont was the chairman of the International Committee of Bankers on Mexico for which he successfully negotiated the De la Huerta-Lamont Treaty. He continued to chair the committee into the 1940s by a series of renegotiations of Mexico's foreign debt.
Italy
In 1926, Lamont, self-described as "something like a missionary" for Italian fascism, secured a $100 million loan for Benito Mussolini. Despite his early support, Lamont believed the Second Italo-Abyssinian War begun in 1935 was outrageous.
On September 20, 1940, the fascist police shocked Lamont by arresting Giovanni Fummi, J.P. Morgan & Co.'s leading representative in Italy. Lamont worked to secure Fummi's release. Fummi was released on October 1 and went to Switzerland.
Wall Street crash
On Black Thursday in 1929, Lamont was acting head of J.P. Morgan & Co.
Five days prior to the Crash, President Herbert Hoover had contacted Lamont with concerns about the rampant market manipulation by Wall Street insiders, and the systemic risk it presented to the stock market. Lamont reassured the President that there was no cause for concern, and no need for government intervention, saying "The future appears brilliant!"
The market crashed the following Thursday. In an attempt to stop the panic, Lamont organized Wall Street firms to inject confidence back into the stock market through massive purchases of blue chip stocks. The effort failed, and stocks ultimately lost a quarter of their value that week. After the crash unfolded, the Senate Banking Committee found that J.P. Morgan (headed by Lamont), had maintained a "preferential stock list", to allow for liquidation of stocks during the crash at prices premium to actual market value. Politicians, including Calvin Coolidge, and family members of prominent bankers, were on the list.
As chairman
Following the reorganization of J.P. Morgan & Co. in 1943, Lamont was elected chairman of the board of directors, after Morgan Jr. died, becoming the first non Morgan after George Peabody to chair the bank.
Charitable work
Lamont became a generous benefactor of Harvard and Exeter once he had amassed a fortune, notably by funding the building of Lamont Library. At the end of World War II, Lamont made a very substantial donation toward restoring Canterbury Cathedral in England. His widow, Florence Haskell Corliss donated Torrey Cliff, their weekend residence overlooking the Hudson River in Palisades, New York, to Columbia University. It is now the site of the Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory.
Upon Florence's death, a bequest established the Lamont Poetry Prize.
Death
Lamont died in Boca Grande, Florida, in 1948.
Personal life
In 1895, Lamont married Florence Haskell Corliss. Born Englewood, NJ in 1873, Florence graduated from Smith College in 1893 and received an M.A. in Philosophy from Columbia University. Thomas and Florence had 4 children. Their son, Corliss, was a philosophy professor at Columbia University and an avowed socialist. Another son, Thomas Stilwell Lamont, was later vice-chairman of Morgan Guaranty Trust and a fellow of the Harvard Corporation.
One of his grandsons, Lansing Lamont, was a reporter with Time from 1961 to 1974. He published several books, including You Must Remember This: A Reporter's Odyssey from Camelot to Glasnost about his experiences covering the important events of the time, including the assassination of Robert F. Kennedy. Another grandson, Thomas William Lamont II, served in the submarine service on the and died when the submarine sank in April 1945.
One of his great-grandsons, Ned Lamont, was elected governor of Connecticut in 2018.
In popular culture
Lamont is a major character in Nomi Prins' novel Black Tuesday (2011) and in Kit Holland's Soul Slip Peak (2013).
Works
Henry P. Davison; the record of a useful life Harper & Brothers, New York and London, 1933.
My boyhood in a parsonage, some brief sketches of American life toward the close of the last century Harper & Brothers, New York and London, 1946.
Across world frontiers, Harcort Brace & Co., New York, 1951.
References
Further reading
Jones, Kenneth Paul, ed. U.S. Diplomats in Europe, 1919–41 (ABC-CLIO. 1981) online on Lamont's role in Europe, pp 5–24.
Lamont, Edward M. The Ambassador from Wall Street. The Story of Thomas W. Lamont, J.P. Morgan's Chief Executive. A Biography. Lanham MD: Madison Books, 1994.
Lundberg, Ferdinand. America's Sixty Families. New York: Vanguard Press, 1937.
Archives and records
Thomas W. Lamont papers at Baker Library Special Collections, Harvard Business School.
Lamont-Corliss Family Papers, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
External links
1870 births
1948 deaths
American bankers
Boston Daily Advertiser people
The Harvard Crimson people
Harvard College alumni
House of Morgan
JPMorgan Chase people
t
People from Claverack, New York
Philanthropists from New York (state)
Phillips Exeter Academy alumni
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This book is amazing. Simply amazing. Long-time Lone Ranger fans will appreciate that Mr. Hopkins keeps the characters intact here, while putting a more adult spin on the legend. This is what the movie should be like. Sadly, Howard is no longer with us, but this book is, arguably, his crowning achievement in his excellent body of work. I encourage anyone who loves a good Western and the character of The Lone Ranger to go purchase this book immediately!
Great theme and good reading. However, after a consistent pace, the ending was way too rushed. Too mature for children.
In an attempt to take away some of the straight shooter, super clean heroics of the original, the character becomes somewhat pointless to the story. I found myself at the end of the story asking what the Lone Ranger really did here and the answer is not much.
I'll have to go with the negative reviews on this one. Vendetta was mildly enjoyable but ultimately unsatisfying.
The villainness was the most interesting character. She was the kind of sociopathic serial killer we see in modern fiction, but not in Westerns. She'd sleep with anyone, then kill him (or anyone) if he looked at her wrong.
The Lone Ranger and Tonto seem two-dimensional to me, at best. At least Tonto is more or less a full partner to the Ranger, not a sidekick. Still, it's the Ranger's story, so Tonto gets less exposure, as usual.
Apparently this Tonto is the original Potawatomi version. He does have a couple of good moments.
At one point, they're sitting by a campfire at night. The Ranger asks Tonto what he sees in the flames, leading to this exchange:TONTO: I see ghosts, Kemosabe.
TONTO: The ghosts of the Bodéwadmi, the keepers of the fire. They ride with frozen thunder across the black sky forest, the way they once rode the trails and plains. Proud. Free. The world closed in on them and now they are nearly gone. I feel their isolation, their separation from the soil and the lands. They scream their silent pleas to Kichimanido.This may be the longest speech Tonto has ever uttered. It's also the first time I recall his referring to his particular culture, not a generic culture. It's noteworthy for both reasons.
A posting explains that Bodéwadmi is the Indian version of the Anglicized name "Potawatomi." So Tonto is really talking like a Potawatomi, for once.
On August 29, 1821, the Bode wad mi, Odawa and Ojibwa ("The People of the Three Fires") held council with representatives of the United States government and signed a treaty, which left them only five reservations, and certain land grants in Michigan. Many were moved to Oklahoma and Kansas territories. Those who would not leave were driven out by military force or hid away from the government. Small bands traveled to Northeast Wisconsin, the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and Canada.
All of the Anishinabe (Bode wad mi, Ojibwa and Odawa) lived in the eastern part of North America. After various wars and migrations, the tribes moved to the Great Lakes Area. The oldest brother, Chippewa (Ojibwa), was given the responsibility of Keeper of the Faith. The middle brother, Ottawa (Odawa), was the Keeper of the Trade, and the youngest brother, Potawatomi, was responsible for keeping the Sacred Fire; hence the name, "Keeper of the Fire."
Long ago, the Potawatomi depended on nature to survive. They lived a nomadic life. They hunted, fished, grew crops and gathered food to eat. After they were forced onto reservations, they lived through years of poverty. At times during the early 1900s, they hardly had enough to eat.
The early Potawatomi people were a part of the Eastern Woodlands group of Native Americans. By many accounts, the people were fairly short with a stocky build. They were a fun-loving people who enjoyed practical jokes. Women were modest in both the clothes they wore and in their actions. The men and women both normally wore their hair long. During times of war, the men shaved their heads except for a small scalp lock on top. Women usually wore their hair in a single braid down their backs.
The Potawatomi's love of nature and family was at the center of their way of life. This is evident throughout their early history, through their spiritual lives, and in all other areas of their village life such as their food, clothes, homes, tools, and transportation.
The Potawatomi people wore clothing that was very simple. During the summer, the men often wore clothes made out of red or blue cloth. In the winter some wore decorated buffalo robes. To keep warm during the winter, men wore leggings made of buckskin or cloth. They also wore these for special dances. When playing games like lacrosse, men wore breechcloths and deerskin moccasins.
After the hunters returned with the animals they had killed, the hides would be removed and then women would prepare the hides so that clothing could be made from them. Much of the Potawatomi clothing was made from these hides.
Women wore knee length dresses with petticoats underneath. They sometimes wore bonnets or scarves on their heads. They made their skirts and sleeveless dresses so that they draped over their shoulders and were held in place by a belt at their waist. If they needed to sew pieces together, they used thread made from plant fibers or strips of hide tied in place. These clothes were often decorated with different designs using porcupine quills or beads.
Men and women greased their hair and painted their skin for special occasions. Men tattooed their bodies with different designs.
You can see that Tonto doesn't look much like this description of Potawatomi men. But the main point is that the Potawatomi have a distinct culture that isn't Lakota, Apache, or anything else. And for the most part, the original Tonto and this Tonto aren't wildly inconsistent with Potawatomi culture.
Alternate spellings: Gichi Manidoo, Gchi Mnidoo, Kichi Manido, etc.
Gitchi Manitou is the great creator god of the Anishinaabe and many neighboring Algonquian tribes. The name literally means Great Spirit, a common phrase used to address God in many Native American cultures.
As in other Algonquian tribes, the Great Spirit is abstract, benevolent, does not directly interact with humans, and is rarely if ever personified in Anishinabe myths--originally, Gitchi Manitou did not even have a gender (although with the introduction of English and its gender-specific pronouns, Gitchi Manitou began to be referred to as "he.") It is Gitchi Manitou who created the world, though some details of making the world as we know it today were delegated to the culture hero Nanabozho. "Gitchi Manitou" (or one of its many variant spellings) was used as a translation for "God" in early translations of the Bible into Ojibway, and today many Ojibway people consider Gitchi Manitou and the Christian God to be one and the same.
Gitchi Manitou is the great creator god of the Anishinaabe and many neighboring Algonquian tribes. The name literally means Great Spirit, a common phrase used to address God in many Native American cultures.I'm not sure Tonto has ever referred to the "Great Spirit" or "Creator" before. I'm pretty sure he's never referred to Gitchi Manitou before. So that's another first.
There's even a partial explanation for what Tonto is doing in Texas. His people were driven into Oklahoma and from there he roamed the Southwest. None of this is in the Lone Ranger mythos, but we can imagine it.
That one paragraph is about all the culture Tonto expresses, so it isn't much. But compared to other versions of Tonto, it's a step forward.
As you can see from the quote above, Tonto's speech is more or less normal. Later, he notes how he speaks "Tonto style" intentionally--to fool the white man into thinking he's dumb. That's a brilliant explanation of Tonto's speech pattern. All future creators of Lone Ranger stories should adopt it immediately if they feel the need to make Tonto sound "tonto" (Spanish for "dumb").
Unfortunately, the villainess captures Tonto and uses him to lure the Ranger. It isn't Tonto's fault; he's rescuing someone in a hotel room when she stumbles across him. But we end up in the same place as so many other Westerns--with the white man as the hero who has to save his Native friend, sidekick, or maiden.
In short, I'd give this book about a 7.0 of 10. Unless you're a Lone Ranger fan, you can safely skip it.
For more on Tonto, see Skyhawk: Depp Dishonored Indians and 33 Tonto Comic-Book Covers.
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It is important to look out for you pets during the warmer months so that they don't suffer from dehydration or heatstroke. Here are five ways to keep your pets cool this Summer.
Ensure that they have access to fresh, clean water every day. Dogs are known for overturning or splashing around water bowls to keep cool, therefore, you will need to refill their dish regularly. Purchase a kid's shell pool for an easy solution. Make sure your pets have access to plenty of shade throughout the day. If you can keep your house cool with air-conditioning, fans and open windows then let them inside.
Under no circumstances should you ever leave your pets in the car. Even on cloudy days, the temperature inside a vehicle can increase quickly - even with the windows down. An increase in body temperature, by one or two degrees, can be fatal for an animal. A dog's average internal temperature is between 38 and 39 degrees Celsius. If their temperature rises to 40 degrees, your dog needs to see a vet. For temperatures at 41 degrees, your dog will begin to experience organ failure and brain damage.
As cold-blooded animals, snakes love the warm weather. Therefore, if you are walking your dog through bushland or national parks be mindful and avoid contact with snakes. Stay up-to-date with first aid knowledge just in case your dog is bitten. Snakes generally prefer the cover of scrub and long grass, if sections of your background match this description it may be best to mow the lawn and clear debris. Get an understanding of the snakes found in your local area and the symptoms that occur following a bite – some symptoms are less obvious than others.
Summer is a great time to host a get-together with friends. However, your pet may not be as supportive of the idea. Hosting a party often results in your house being filled with loud music and people. Animals will often become nervous and seek solitude — often cats will disappear for days. Creating a quiet nook for your pet will assist in keeping them calm and relaxed.
If you are planning trips away organise to stay at pet-friendly accommodation. Many booking sites will have a filter in the search bar for pet-friendly accommodation, so instead of paying for a kennel, allow your furry friend to tag along.
Be mindful of local wildlife too. Keep a dish of water out the back or high up in a tree to help the native animals stay hydrated. If you spot any wildlife looking like they may be struggling or heat-stressed call your local RSPCA or wildlife group for help.
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British Red Cross briefing on intensifying UK heatwaves
« Go to news archive
by the Climate Centre
The UK is getting hotter, says the British Red Cross. As a result of climate change, heatwaves are longer and more extreme, and many people's health and well-being are suffering as a result – older people, city-dwellers, and those with underlying health conditions are among those most at risk.
Yet polling shows that a quarter of people in the UK believe heatwaves are not hot enough to be a risk, even though a record 2,556 excess deaths were recorded in England alone last summer.
To minimize heat impacts, the National Society says, it is essential to build public awareness of the heat hazard, particularly those most at risk, ensure emergency-response systems are equipped with the skills and resources to reach those most vulnerable in the lead-up to extreme heat, and invest in climate adaptation the national level.
Now a new BRC report – Feeling the heat – offers practical support to keep safe before and during a heatwave through a special checklist and advice on related first aid.
The research highlights
a 'perception gap' in the UK
on the health impacts of heat
It summarizes trends, consequences and solutions relating to extreme heat in the UK, and draws on existing literature, expert interviews, and a survey of 2,000 British adults exploring public awareness of the issue.
It also makes policy recommendations for "a human-centred approach to working with and supporting communities and those…most vulnerable to heat".
The BRC adds: "Impacts of heatwaves can be serious, but they are also preventable and they don't need to be deadly.
"However, the research highlights a 'perception gap' in the UK on the health impacts of heat, and suggests more work is needed to inform people about the risk of extreme heat…".
'Call to arms'
The report is part of a British Red Cross strategy to develop insights on climate policy and build momentum in the run-up to COP 26 in Glasgow.
It should serve as "a call to arms to start building and adapting our homes, hospitals, care homes, offices, infrastructure and transport networks to minimize the [heat] risk," media reports quoted Chris Stark, Chief Executive of the UK's independent Climate Change Committee, as saying.
The BRC is seeking to raise awareness of the impact climate change is having now on communities in the UK and around the world, and to offer support and solutions to the public and policy-makers.
The new brief includes a recommendation that UK government should prioritize "planning, response, recovery and learning, and the needs of the most vulnerable" in the areas of resilience, adverse weather, and related health issues.
It was issued shortly before the 2021 State of the Climate report which showed the UK is already experiencing disruptive climate change with increased rainfall, sunshine and heat.
The year 2020 was the third warmest, the fifth wettest and the eighth sunniest on record – the first time a single year has seen all variables in the top ten.
(Infographic: BRC)
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Internships and junior researchers
Terms and conditions & ANBI
Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre 2021
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
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Lots of well researched sailors out there, many happy with the boat they can afford or find themselves with at the moment. That's me, but dreaming is free! What boat would you choose and why? Lets break it up a little, say <100k, <200k, <500k and "If money were no object . ." List your reasonings and relevant research and links, if any - this could be informative on many levels - I'll kick off with a "If money were no object" . . . a recent build Passport 456 . . over to you guys . . . .
If I was world cruising and had $100K to spend I would buy a Westsail 32, $200k a Westsail 32 and sail longer, and $500k to spend a Westsail 32 and never come back. If money were no object I would fly to the places I wanted to sail and charter.
If on the other hand I was running up and down the coast spending only a couple of weeks or a month at a time I would want a Farrier Tri (or something like it). Limited time demands more speed.
A brand spanking new 50 to 60 foot Swan, Oyster, Amel, Hylas, something semi-custom or better yet a custom one off design. This is a fantasy after all and any of the above would keep my better half smiling.
Shorthand and single hand cruising are the key factors. While large boats have fabulous accommodation plans they all require more muscle and or all electrics to do everything... including mooring, docking, trimming and so forth.
Since getting something bigger would mean winning the lotto and it is unlikely, I know longer look at boats with envy that I can't own.
But, I wouldn't get a boat larger than the mid 40s in length for the reasons above.
I also am partial to aft cockpits and lower maintenance exteriors, so no teak decks, but I do like brightwork and some teak. Below I would like an all sapelle or teak interior, no fabric headliners, and an en suite owner's cabin which means a second head. I prefer pretty traditional layouts, but like some of the visibility in the newer coach roof designs I see around.
I saw a gorgeous Passport in Newport recently, but not below decks. I don't need lots of cabins for guests and would prefer and office or a workshop.
A shallow enough draft, but no center board for crusing and of course a fast hull.
Fantasy boat? Money no object?
I'll have an 80' or so custom built Hinkley with my input into the entire build process. Im sure we could come up with an acceptable sailing solution.
It's a fantasy and unlike reality I will score serious points with my bride. So I'll stick with big and beautiful and just include a crew in my fantasy to do the hard work.
Apart from self cleaning / self maintaining.........I don't really fantasise about much else for cruising off into the WBY (apart from this being a good way off into the future, probably more due to ignorance and lack of imagination than having found the perfect boat!).
Something like an Orkney Longliner (19 foot) that sails would be great.......more than seaworthy enuf to Island hop in rough weather under power, just needs sails for passing the afternoon when I was not going anywhere / I did not feel like whizzing around in circles / burning up fuel.
The best fantasy would be, a boat that requires no maintenance and has no on going cost. But that is such pure fantasy, I don't even think the word fantasy justifies it.
The more achievable fantasy would be, say an 80-100fter and can still be single handed. Oh and calms the storms before it. Oh wait, that would be God. I'll just stick with the single hander 80 then.
Westsail 32? are you mental?
If Money were no object. I don't think I would go over 47'. I would install a bow thruster. I would keep it simple enough that I could maintain it but hire out some of the things that I don't like to do. It would be fractional rigged with boom furling main. Low Aspect Fin Keel and skeg rudder. Farr or Frers design. Medium Displacement. Hard Dodger. Actually the boat that Nigel Caulder had drawn up in his book looks pretty appealing. There would have to be room to work on whatever needs to be worked on especially the engine room. Oh yeah then I would install the magic switch that would beam to a place where I was upwind of my destination with 85 degree air and water temp 12 to 15 apparent off the starboard quarter . . .
Contessa 35 or a Hinckley about the same size. No more than 36' thanks.
A custom 35' cutter probably much akin to a Crealock 37. Or maybe a yawl, if I'm feeling romantic enough. Or gaff if I'm feeling too romantic. And the only damn bright work on deck would be the companionway dropboards. Maybe.
Either that or a brilliantly finished Wenda, with a small fortune set aside for keeping her pretty.
No, just makng the point that, personally, money is not the object. The boats you love are the boats you love. I wouldn't divorce my wife for a movie starlette either. If not specifically the "Wetsnail" maybe something like Skipr and Amgine are talking about.
something in the 45' range with no upkeep, no breakdowns, no maintnance and about 4 Hooters girls to crew while I sit in the cockpit giving advice.
Luckely my wife does not visit this forum.
I'm reminded of the comment about heaven for a sailor being good boat and star to steer her by, and every so often a storm to contend with.
My fantasy boat is big enough and designed to go wherever I could fantasize about going, but small enough that I could clean up and paint the bottom in a weekend and not feel like a slave. I guess even in my dreams I want only enough and no more.
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
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The 2017 edition of the Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) World Congress came to a successful conclusion this fall, with more than 1,300 delegates from around the world sharing their latest research and technology advancements in Dublin.
As a proud supporter of the meeting and a member of the HUPO industry advisory board, the Waters team was honored to sponsor a special gala dinner featuring a keynote talk by former U.S. Vice President Joe Biden to key stakeholders in proteomics research.
Former VP Joe Biden with Roy Martin of Waters at HUPO World Congress.
Vice President Biden gave a passionate address, reminding us of "the urgency of now" and impressing upon the scientific community how what's happening in cancer research is already affecting many, many lives. He described the challenges and successes he's experienced both in government and now with the Biden Cancer Initiative to remove obstacles to progress – including improving data access and providing more computational resources.
Mr. Biden is noted for his efforts in promoting cooperation between public and private entities and between government agencies and scientists; similar (but much larger) to many of our efforts at Waters to enable our customers. Providing comprehensive, accurate data to the proteomic and now the proteogenomic community drives developments at Waters. We are proud to be a sponsor of HUPO and of the greater effort to understand and fight cancer.
Also at HUPO World Congress this year, Waters showcased recent work done using SONAR, the data-independent MS acquisition mode that collects quantitative MS/MS data on the Xevo G2-XS QTof mass spectrometer, as well as a new version of Progenesis QI Software for Proteomics (QI.P).
As part of our program to allow third-party software solutions better access to our raw data, we showcased SONAR's compatibility with both Biognosys' Spectronaut Pulsar as well as a version of OpenSWATH. Hannes Rost, the software developer behind OpenSWATH, presented a talk in HUPO's new technologies session demonstrating SONAR's superior performance over a typical SWATH data set.
Waters also made a joint announcement with Biognosys during the meeting that we are now co-marketing a proteomics workflow that combines SONAR, Progenesis QI.P, and Spectronaut Pulsar. The improved data quality of SONAR allows for a truly qual/quan data file that is perfectly compatible with multiple data analysis solutions. Adding Biognosys' Spectronaut Pulsar opens up new ways to analyze the same SONAR raw data file.
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
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From left, Anna Caplan, Grace Calvet, Liza Tregillus and Becca Heath, sitting in front of Durango High School, talk about plans to train teenagers with health challenges to be peer mentors. Caplan, Calvet and Heath all participated in the Peer Mentor Project. As members of the group, teens learn to mentor others with health challenges.
Emmie Best was diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes when she was 7 years old, and at first, she had trouble accepting her diagnosis or telling anyone about it.
"The first thing I thought someone would assume is, 'Oh well, she's fat. She's overweight. She's done this to herself,'" she said.
Meeting with other young people with diabetes and chronic diseases helped her accept the diagnosis and prepare her to mentor her sister, she said at a recent gathering of older members of the Peer Mentor Project.
"Yeah, I have to deal with this for the rest of my life, but so does she, so does he, and we all can help each other find ways to cope," she said. Best and the members she met with have all graduated from high school, but they expect to help train a new group of peer mentors in June.
The Peer Mentor Project was formed about 10 years ago and brings together kids across the region with a variety of different diagnoses, including autism, anxiety and depression, epilepsy, traumatic brain injuries and diabetes. The group was organized by Liza Tregillus, who was working as a regional social worker for San Juan Basin Public Health at the time. She has continued to work with peer groups and finds that the gatherings help show teens that their health differences can be an asset.
Peer mentors Henry Tregillus, Joe Scott and Jack Meigs all have challenging health conditions and, as teenagers, learned to mentor others with similar challenges. Tregillus has epilepsy and didn't want anyone to know about it in high school. "I found out later that people kind of like hearing about (it), which is not something I even remotely considered back then," he said.
"When teens who have challenging health conditions are put in a leadership role, it takes them out of feeling like a victim or a patient or 'poor me' to 'I'm so cool,'" she said.
The group typically meets once a month, and mentors can be asked to meet with other young people who have similar conditions. The group has also held community education events to teach fellow students about their conditions. But it's up to the group how much time the members want to dedicate to the project and if they want to hold events, Tregillus said.
Support groups for parentsTregillus, who is a parent, youth coach and play therapist, runs similar peer-mentoring groups for parents of children with chronic health challenges.
Members of those groups helped fund Cafe au Play, a nonprofit co-founded by Tregillus, which offers nontraditional child care and serves as a meeting space for all the peer groups. She works with parents of children who have autism, epilepsy, diabetes and those with children younger than 4 who have developmental delays. She also runs a lactation support group, a prenatal yoga group, a group for parents with twins and triplets, among others. She is also going to start a group for parents of children with mental health challenges.
"I love being the little sheep dog getting these parents together," Tregillus said.
Lois O'Dell is parenting a child with autism and found the parent group helped her learn what to expect as her son aged and find resources in Durango, such as counselors, to help him.
"It's kind of like a scavenger hunt or a treasurer hunt to try to put the pieces together," she said.
It's also helped her keep from feeling like "an island out in the sea," she said.
Training new mentorsTregillus recently considered disbanding the youth mentoring program because recruiting students can be difficult. Then she was contacted by a Durango High School student interested in serving students with anxiety and depression. The request prompted Tregillus to train a new group of peer mentors this June with Becca Heath, a former peer mentor and a student studying for her master's degree in social work.
Anxiety and depression are common among teens with chronic health conditions and being part of the group has helped them overcome feelings of isolation, they said.
"We're all different and we all know that, but we're all different in a way that we can relate to each other," said peer mentor Anna Caplan, who has a heart condition, scoliosis and a variety of other health conditions.
Those interested in the Peer Mentor Project can contact Liza Tregillus at 749-9607 or lizatip@gmail.com.
The group welcomes teens with diabetes, anxiety and depression, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, hearing loss, paralysis, spinal problems, Asperger's and other chronic health challenges.
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
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module SSLHelper
def ssl_query
@ssl_query ||= if Puma.jruby?
@keystore = File.expand_path "../../../examples/puma/keystore.jks", __FILE__
@ssl_cipher_list = "TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA,TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256"
"keystore=#{@keystore}&keystore-pass=blahblah&ssl_cipher_list=#{@ssl_cipher_list}"
else
@cert = File.expand_path "../../../examples/puma/cert_puma.pem", __FILE__
@key = File.expand_path "../../../examples/puma/puma_keypair.pem", __FILE__
"key=#{@key}&cert=#{@cert}"
end
end
end
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaGithub"
}
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The state-owned transmission company is seeking regulatory approval for its maintenance and upgrade programme for the five years starting April 2020. Photo: Lynn Grieveson.
National grid operator Transpower is being challenged to seek further efficiencies so that it can complete almost $90 million of work in coming years it may otherwise defer due to potential shortages of skilled contractors.
The state-owned transmission company is seeking regulatory approval for its maintenance and upgrade programme for the five years starting April 2020.
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
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[From The Times, Monday, November 13, 1854.]
COLIN CAMPBELL'S REPORT OF THE ATTACK ON BALAKLAVA.
Camp Battery No. 4, Balaklava, Oct. 27.
Sir,-I have the honor to inform you that on the morning the 25th inst., about 7 o'clock, the Russian force which has been, as I already reported, for sometime among the hills on our right front, debouched into the open ground in front of the redoubts Nos. 1, 2, and 3, which were occupied by Turkish infantry and artillery and were armed with 7 12-pounders (iron). The enemy's forces consisted of the 18 or 19 battalions of infantry, from 30 to 40 guns, and a large body of cavalry. They attack was made against No. 1 redoubt by a cloud of skirmishers, supported by 8 battalions of infantry and 16 guns. The Turkish troops in No. 1 persisted as long as they could, and then retired, and they suffered considerable loss in their retreat. The attack was followed by the successive abandonment of Nos. 2, 3, and 4 redoubts by the Turks, as well as of the other posts held by them in our front. The guns, however, in Nos. 2, 3, and 4 were spiked. The garrisons of these redoubts retired, and some of them formed on the right, and some on the left flank of the 93d Highlanders, which was posted in front of No. 4 battery and the village of Kadikoi. When the enemy had taken possession of these redoubts, their artillery advanced with a large mass of cavalry, and their guns ranged to the 93d Highlanders, which, with 100 invalids under Lieutenant-Colonel Daveney in support, occupied very insufficiently, from the smallness of their numbers, the slightly-rising ground in front of No. 4 battery. As I found that round shot and shell began to cause some casualties among the 93d Highlanders and the Turkish Battalions on their right and left flank, I made them retire a few paces behind the crest of the hill. During this period our batteries on the hills, manned by the Royal Marine Artillery and the Royal Marines, made most excellent practice on the enemy's cavalry, which came over the hill ground in front. One body of them, amounting to about 400 men, turned to their left, separating themselves from those who attacked Lord Lucan's Division, and charged the 93d Highlanders, who immediately advanced to the crest of the hill and opened their fire which forced the Russian cavalry to give way and turn to their left, after which they made an attempt to turn the right flank of the 93d, having observed the flight of the Turks who were placed there, upon which the Grenadiers of the 93d, under Captain Ross, were wheeled up to the their right and fired on the enemy, which manoeuver completely discomfited them.
During the rest of the day the troops under my command received no further molestation from the Russians. I beg to call Lord Raglan's attention to the gallantry and eagerness of the 93d Highlanders under Lieutenant Colonel Ainslie, of which his Lordship was an eye-witness; as well as the admirable conduct of Captain Barker of the field-battery under his orders, who made most excellent practice against the Russian cavalry and artillery while within range.
I have, &c., COLIN CAMPBELL,
Brigadier-General Estcourt, Adjutant-General.
[Transcribed by Mark Conrad, 2003.]
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
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«Крила холопа» — радянський художній фільм 1926 року. Картина поставлена режисером Юрієм Таричем за однойменною повістю Костянтина Шильдкрета, сценарій доопрацьовував Віктор Шкловський. Прем'єра фільму відбулася 16 листопада 1926 року. Міжнародна англійська назва: «The Wings of a Serf». «Крила холопа» демонструвався за кордоном, у тому числі в США, Німеччині та Франції.
Сюжет
XVI століття. Царювання Івана Грозного. У селі боярина Лупатова живе кріпак Никишка, талановитий винахідник, який мріє про польоти. З цією метою він майструє саморобні крила, на яких людина зможе злетіти в небо. Він показує свій винахід кріпачці Фімі, в яку закоханий. У цей час в сусідньому маєтку у боярина Курлятєва ламається механічний годинник, і він під час одного з набігів захоплює механіка-самородка і його кохану і насильно вивозить до себе. Дізнавшись про диявольський на його думку винахід Никишки, боярин катує холопа, а Фіму спокушає, заманивши в боярські покої. Лупатов подає цареві чолобитну зі скаргою на самоуправство Курлятєва, і Іван Грозний, який затаїв давню образу на знатного боярина, відправляє до того опричників, які учиняють розгром в будинку боярина, а його кріпаків відвозять до царя в Олександрівську слободу. Цар займається торгівлею льоном і тримає на царевому дворі колесо для його обробки, яке раптово ламається. Ніхто не може його полагодити — виходить тільки у Никишки. Цариця Марія Темрюківна запитує у кріпака, чого той хоче за полагодження колеса, і Никишка відповідає, що бажає побудувати крила для польоту людини. Дізнавшись про задум холопа, цар вирішує порадувати іноземних гостей і наказує Никишці влаштувати показовий політ. На святий тиждень при скупченні народу у Никишки виходить полетіти, але Іван Грозний забороняє диявольський винахід, а самого холопа садить у в'язницю. Однак гарний кріпак сподобався Марії Темрюківні, і вона допомагає Никишці втекти. Про це дізнається Іван Грозний, приходить в спальню цариці і душить її. Никишка гине при спробі втечі.
У ролях
Леонід Леонідов — цар Іван Грозний
Сафіят Аскарова — Марія Темрюківна, друга дружина Івана Грозного
Микола Вітовтов — князь Друцькой
Іван Клюквін — Никишка
Володимир Корш — царевич Іван
Микола Прозоровський — Федір Басманов
Іван Качалов — Малюта Скуратов
Софія Гаррель — Фіма, наречена Никишки, кріпачка
Тетяна Баришева — дівчина
Олександр Жуков — Васька Грязнов
Іван Арканов — князь Курлятєв
Василь Макаров — Лупатов
Костянтин Єфімов — митрополит
Василь Бокарєв — епізод
В. Вірська — княжна Курлятєва
Аріадна Дзюбіна — Хаят, черкеска
Мстислав Котельников — Івашка, брат Фіми
В. Курганов — Афанасій Вяземський
Клавдія Чєбишова — княгиня Курлятєва
О. Британ — епізод
В. Снежинська — епізод
Василь Савицький — епізод
Леонід Данилов — епізод
Лев Іванов — стрілець
Галина Малиновська — дружина Івашки
Микола Трофімов — ''холоп
Катерина Малолєтнова — епізод
Знімальна група
Режисери — Леонід Леонідов, Юрій Тарич
Сценаристи — Юрій Тарич, Костянтин Шильдкрет, Віктор Шкловський
Оператор — Михайло Владимирський
Художник — Володимир Єгоров
Посилання
Фільми СРСР 1926
Фільми-драми СРСР
Історичні фільми СРСР
Фільми Юрія Тарича
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaWikipedia"
}
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Lumigon T3 image leaked, reveals dual rear cameras
Lumigon is hard at work on what is likely going to be the T3. Effectively the fourth generation smartphone from the Danish company after the T1, T2 and T2 HD, the Lumigon T3 has just surfaced in a single leaked image.
The most intriguing bit about the photo is the dual camera setup on the back. In between the two lenses one can spot a tiny window, which could be a laser autofocus unit. There isn't another element in the photo, which could pass for a flash though, so the window might be that instead.
Other than that, the T3 stays true to the original concept for premium build (by the looks of it), and keeps the stainless steel frame of the predecessor. The hardware shutter release button has also been carried over from previous generations.
In terms of specs, the T3 is rumored to pack a Mediatek Helio X10 chipset with an octa-core CPU and 3GB of RAM. Android 5.1 Lollipop is the OS it will be running when it launches, and that may even happen by the end of the year.
["source-gsmarena"]
Lumigon T3 image leaked reveals dual rear cameras 2016-01-15
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
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Adrian Streather is an international automotive writer, and the author of Porsche 911 (964): Enthusiast's Companion: 1989-1994 by Bentley Publishers, which is dedicated to the revolutionary Porsche 911s built between 1989 and 1994. His second book, also on Porsche (911SC series) will be released in 2004 and a further 4 books, including one on the BMW M3, are in the pipeline.
74 times in the past 99 years, in March in Switzerland there has been a Geneva Auto Salon or motor show. The Geneva Auto Salon gives automobile manufacturers the opportunity to display their products for the first time to the world, to Europe or just to Switzerland. The most popular of the exhibits are always the new performance models of any range. This article covers just a small selection of performance cars that were on display at the 74th Geneva Auto Salon in 2004. They range from the affordable to needing to win the lottery just to make the down payment. There is something for all tastes from the practical to the realm of fantasy for mere mortals like us.
All images and trademarks are the property of their respective owners. No part of this website may be reproduced without the explicit permission of the owner of this site.
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaC4"
}
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GrayArea Festival 2020
Gray Area Fest ival 2020
Radical Simulation - Sep 23-28
Newton Harrison
Newton Harrison received his BFA and MFA from the Yale school of Art in 1965. He was a professor at UC San Diego from 1967-1993 when he took early retirement. He is presently a research professor at UC Santa Cruz and a founding director of the Center for the Study of the Force Majeure. He has collaborated with his wife Helen Mayer Harrison from 1970-2015 and is well recognized as one of the few generators of the genre called art and ecology or art and science. He has written extensively and been published in all major journals and many books. He has exhibited in museums and public venues in the United States and Europe, often being commissioned to do large-scale works by the European Union and diverse government agencies. Their work has shown at international venues such as the Venice Biennale, Sao Paulo Biennale and Documenta 8. For prizes, awards and commission see: http://theharrisonstudio.net/
http://www.centerforforcemajeure.org/
info@grayarea.org
Gray Area / Grand Theater
2665 Mission Street
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
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Andreas von Bismarck (1979-2019)
@terrot
Sad to report the death of Andreas von Bismarck, the CEO of Terrot, a knitting machine manufacturer in Chemnitz, Germany.
Andreas was died unexpectedly on October 31. He was 40 years old.
He was a founding member of the association, Economy for a Cosmopolitan Saxony.
Andreas was named as Managing director of Terrot on February 22, 2008. According to Terrot's official press release, Andreas "modernized the company with great success and prudence and brought it to commercial success."
@Stig Nielsen
After his military service with 2nd Military Batallion in Berchtesgaden, he studied business and law at Georg-August University and Humbolt University in Berlin. He was also the Business Director of the Kira Auguste Prinzessin von Preußen Musik und Kultur Stiftung, which was founded after the death of his mother-in-law, Princess Kira of Prussia (1943-2004), the fourth child and second daughter of Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia and Grand Duchess Kira Kirillovna of Russia.
Andreas Felix Paul von Bismarck was born at Munich on January 31, 1979. He was the son of the late Hans Maximilian Günther von Bismarck and Cornelie Enole Dorothee von Schwerin. He is survived by his wife, Kira-Marina Liepsner, whm he married in 2005, and their two daughters, Luise, 17, and 12-year-old Sophie, along with his mother and his sister, Ines.
Posted by Marlene Eilers Koenig at Tuesday, November 05, 2019
The Badens
a soiree at the Philharmonie for descendants of Ch...
The 100th anniversary of Grand Duchess Charlotte's...
Carl Eduard and Victoria Adelheid in 1933
Andrew to give up all patronages
Victoria plans match for grandson
Princess Maria Isabella to be honored at Imperial ...
Charlotte dies unhonored
Breaking News: Andrew to Step down from official ...
The Fallout begins for the Duke of York
The Duke of York talks - and it is not a good thin...
The Duchess of Cambridge at the opening of the Noo...
A baby for the Hereditary Prince and Princess of L...
Flora Ogilvy to marry Tim Vesterberg
Earl of Dalhousie puts castle up for sale
Earl of Southesk engaged to marry
Victoria and Albert at Osborne
The marriage of Grand Duchess Charlotte of Luxembo...
Another nice mail call
HRH Princess Armgard von Preussen
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{
"redpajama_set_name": "RedPajamaCommonCrawl"
}
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Home NewsEtihad Airways to resume flights to the Maldives from July 16
Etihad Airways to resume flights to the Maldives from July 16
July 1, 2020| News| IMTM
Etihad Airways is to resume its flight operations to the Maldives from July 16.
United Arab Emirates carrier has stated on their website, that they are planning to operate flights to more than 40 worldwide destinations throughout the month of July, and are working closely with the UAE Government and global aviation authorities to increase their network in the future.
In addition to the Maldivian capital, Etihad Airways has announced the following destinations to resume its operations.
The airline has also stated that passengers have the flexibility to change their travel plans and all change fees for flights booked before 31 August 2020 has been removed, for travel until 30 November 2020. Moreover, passengers can check-in and choose their seats online around 30 hours before departure.
Due to government restrictions, passengers are only be permitted to carry a personal item onboard, such as a handbag, backpack, or laptop bag, which can weigh up to 5kg. Remaining cabin baggage can be checked in for free, and are applied to tickets in Economy, Business and First class.
The airline has implemented an extensive sanitization and customer safety program and is practicing the highest standards of hygiene at every part of the customer journey.
Strict isolation measures are in place across the UAE with self-isolate for 14 days. Moreover, temperature screening is in operation at Abu Dhabi airport and passengers are advised to always maintain two meters apart from each other.
It is also mandatory for all guests to wear a face mask when they travel.
Due to COVID-19 restrictions, Abu Dhabi is closed and reopen as soon as possible.
Etihad Airways has also introduced a specially trained team of Wellness Ambassadors, to safeguard the health and safety of their passengers.
#covid-19 #etihad #iamwithIMTM #IMTM #imtmonline #maldives #Maldivestourismindustry #Travelnews #traveltomorrow #visitmaldives #visitmaldiveslater
Last modified: July 1, 2020
The Maldives: Reopening dates of resorts
Maldivian resumes domestic travel & connects north and south with a new direct flight
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A trip to Bangkok is not complete without cruising the majestic Chao Phraya River - the longest river in Thailand stretching 370 kilometers. You have an option to take either the day cruise or the night cruise and I chose the latter because my friends who have been there said that it is better... and they are right. So, here are some of the pics I have taken aboard MV Princess.
The cruise departed and arrived at River City and lasted for a couple of hours. A river cruise in Bangkok provides a very different perspective of life in the city on the banks of the Chao Phraya River, an aspect you can't get from the usual Bangkok city tour. It is perfect for sight-seeing while cuddling with your loved one.
Who is the guy in the last picture? Is that you?
just loved the "Rama viii bridge"..
you're right, the night river cruise is so much more amazing! i went on the river cruise with friends in 2005 but that was during the daytime. don't you think we can also have the same kind of cruise along the pasig if the river and the esteros are also clean?
salamat sa pagpost nyan. that really made me feel good anyhow.
@ towr - it wasn't me, the cute couple i think is Indian. thnx for dropping by.
@ sidney - chao sounds good lolz. its nice to view a awesome place with someone isn't it?
@ shades - the bridge was built in honor of a king. we passed under the bridge twice and it was really amazing.
@ carlotta - hmm let me see. if ever we have the same cruise in pasig river, the only thing we will see in the riverbank will be factories.
we have a wonderful river in bohol. loboc river. i have featured that river in this blog last year.
@ cedeux - you're welcome. i am glad these pics somehow made you feel better.
great shots! i took the day cruise when i visited Bangkok a few years ago...it looks magical at night, specially the Rama VIII Bridge!
Thanks for your nice comment on Only Photos.
Lovely colours on those nocturn landscapes.
The first photo is just so majestic. Wat means temple right?
WoW...some very beautifully captured shots with lovely lighting & the colours...simply love the night shots & the entire place...Excellent!
@ luna miranda - i agree, the rama bridge was spectacular. we passed below it twice and it felt like we were at the end of the rainbow. spectacular.
@ sonia - your very welcome. thanks for appreciating the pics.
@ quintarantino - if not for the work that accompanied the trip, it will be more fun. but i guess i made the most of my stay there.
@ joe - yup. wat means temple. there are more than 3 thousand temples in bangkok and some within a kilometer of each other so thai officials ordered to stop the construction of any more temples.
@ dodong flores - i'll get a IS lens next time. i am planning to purchase a wide-angled lens (10mm-28mm).
you will enjoy bangkok. every corner in there is photo-worthy and you will not run-out of temples and shrines to shoot.
i was lucky to have stayed in the overpass where i got a good view of the parade. but i had to come early thou.
@ flyingstars - thank you. anyone with a dslr will surely have the same shots or better. just really an amazing river.
Photos are all right though the blurs are quite obvious. Guess it happens when there's motion while capturing night scenes w/o a tripod.
@ kegler - every food i tried in bangkok is spicy and hot - from the soup to the desserts, i never tried hot and spicy food for almost a week since i got home.
bangkok also has some funny-sounding name when translated to filipino, i.e., we shopped at a shoe store named "nawarat" and went to "luang pho to" temple.
@ kyels - ryt. moving boat without a tripod and not using an IS lens.
@ panyero aryo - biznes with plesyur nyero, sinisingit lang literally ang shooting.
@ mari - thanx for appreciating.
astig! gala ka rin pala at mahilig sa photography!
I just love the night shots of the temples. How wonderful.
Pano magpabook for the River Cruise? Saan magpapabook and how much?
And thanks for your comments at Blogtrotter.
@ coldman - thanx for passing by. link din kta.
@ carol - cruising the river at night has been one of my most amazing experience in bangkok.
@ anonymous - we booked the cruise in travel agents at our hotel's lobby and it cost 1 thousand baht.
ANOTHER VIRUS! Pls refrain from clicking fenrizar's links.
@ gmg - thanks gil. your bangkok pics ain't bad, in fact i loved it as it gave us a different perspective of the city.
@ kris jasper - di ako yun, i think indian couple yun. i like it coz it also showed the flag of thailand.
Shame we didn't get to do that when we visited. Not enough time. Perhaps when we visit again.
I have been so busy with life that I am just now catching up here... and wow! You have been to some awesome places!!
@ reign - wow. thanx for appreciating the pics. i guess i am just lucky to have this opportunity to visit a really picturesque river.
@ joy - no worries dear. i am just glad you got to check my posts even if not on a regular basis.
@ rochelle - GOD is good. HE allows me to have a nice job that travels well.
it was nice to see those temples ive been to last 2004..and their names as well.
A marvelous trip Attorney. Hope I can go there someday.
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VSCO Girls are the New "It" Influencers
Issue 191 | August 19, 2019
What do scrunchies, Birkenstocks, and puka shell necklaces all have in common? Together, they're the formula for the ultimate "VSCO girl," a new style / social media persona popularized by influencers and other social media users. The name is derived from VSCO, a photo editing app that provides filters and presets to maximize the aesthetic of an image for social.
VSCO girls are more than just a style / social media persona; they're a very specific subset of white, upper class Gen Z girls, mostly interested in high end brands. The Internet, in typical Internet fashion, jumped at the chance to create memes and tutorials on what it means to be VSCO girl. These have gone viral on many social platforms, with an emphasis on TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram. In fact, the hashtag #vscogirl on Instagram has now racked up over 1.2 million uses worldwide.
While the VSCO girl is a target for mockery, she's also a trendsetter. She has the power to revive brands and spread new trends in a similar way that traditional influencers do. Brands should pay close attention to the trends that these VSCO girls are gravitating towards. They just might step in and reposition a brand faster than you can say, "and I oop!" (the VSCO girl catch phrase). If they do, brands should find ways to lean into it and capitalize off the trends. Hear more about this from GLOW's Jr. Art Director, Natalie Dallenbach here.
© 2021 by Alison Gips.
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From the Northeast USA to the mines of Peru to the ports of the Caribbean, PSG specializes in engaging communities, exploring, educating and moving public opinion. PSG is frequently hired for projects far away and close to home. We have worked in thirty states, one U.S. Territory and three countries, and have worked on projects and campaigns totaling in the billions of dollars in investment.
© 2023 Public Strategy Group, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 7,864
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Coffee with a Cop is a national initiative supported by the United States Department of Justice, Office of Community Oriented Policing Services. The program aims to advance the practice of community policing through improving relationships between police officers and community members one cup of coffee at a time! Purcellville police officers join community members in an informal, neutral space to meet each other, discuss community issues, build relationships, and of course share a cup of coffee or tea. All community members are invited to attend. The event begins at 10:00 AM on April 9, 2019, at Carver Center in Purcellville. If you have questions about this event, please contact the Purcellville Police Department at 540.338.7422.
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{
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| 7,974
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Distriktssekreterare var en högre järnvägstjänsteman, som inom ett av Statens Järnvägars fem distrikt, hade som åliggande att bland annat uppsätta av distriktsförvaltningen beslutade skrivelser och övriga expeditioner.
Källor
SAOB: Distrikt
Sveriges järnvägshistoria
Järnvägsyrken
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| 3,146
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Photos: Community School at St. John Neumann football
Photos from Community School at St. John Neumann football
Photos: Community School at St. John Neumann football Photos from Community School at St. John Neumann football Check out this story on naplesnews.com: https://www.naplesnews.com/picture-gallery/sports/high-school/football/2018/10/20/photos-community-school-st-john-neumann-football/1703445002/
St. John Neumann defeated Community School, 48-0, at home on Friday, Oct. 19, 2018. Mark McDaniels/Special to the Naples Daily News
St. John Neumann defeated Community School, 48-0, at home on Friday, Oct. 19, 2018. Mark McDanewss/Special to the Naples Daily News
St. John Neumann defeated Community School, 48-0, at home on Friday, Oct. 19, 2018.
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| 2,128
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To make sure you get the best deal we'll show you great prices from all of our drivers, including MH Express , if they're available on the day of your move.
Have a question for MH Express ? No problem, send them a message and they'll email you back as soon as possible. If you have a more general question you might find it answered in the FAQ, or you always contact one of our brilliant customer service team.
* MH Express won't be able to see your email address.
Matt was nice and helpful. On the journey, we chatted and laughed a bit. Overall, my move went smoothly.
Great guy, very good driver and ver very helpful. Can only recommend Matt for the future!
Matt is brilliant. Thank you so much.
Great price, the driver has done beyond his capacity to ensure everything is being done to the best of his ability.
I would %100 recommend him to above everyone out there.
My previous driver from Shift cancelled my move and it took me 2 hours to get an official response from them. Matt from MH Express saved the day by going out of his way to move me. He was polite, helpful, and easy-going and I would recommend him to anyone.
Very friendly and professional, the move was quick and hassle free!
Driver from MH Express came within the the hour as the other company (Carolina Trans) bailed at the last minute. Matt from MH Express was respectful, careful with my goods. Highly recommended.
I would just like to say a massive thank you to Matt. He was absolutely amazing - extremely helpful and kind. He made a very stressful day into such a breeze. His van is huge with plenty of straps and blankets meaning none of our stuff got damaged. He's an absolute legend and we would recommend him to anyone wanting to move homes or move things safely. Thanks again Matt!
The driver is very nice and the van is quite big, much bigger than my expectations.
The driver came even earlier than agreed, promptly offered to help and was very courteous. Would highly recommend him.
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| 6,649
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Everton Takeover
By Guest Account
Everton NewsEverton Opinion
By @pbsportswriter
EVERTON is going to be sold. As hard as that is to believe, all the signs point to a takeover happening. Depending on who you believe, it could even happen by the end of the month.
Working out who to believe is basically my job. Sometimes I get it right. Sometimes I get it wrong.
It's a lot harder, and a lot more frustrating for fans thirsty for news, when those in the know are bound by non-disclosure agreements. But bear this in mind. Everyone leaks. And all clubs brief.
Having been here many times before, it's impossible to say with 100 per cent certainty who will end up owning Everton, or when.
But John Moores and Charles Noell are the first people in years to have gone as far down the road as this. In fact, they could be the only people ever to have got this close to buying out Bill.
There is also a confidence coming from everyone I've spoken to about them which makes it hard to doubt the deal will get done, if it isn't already.
I haven't written much about any rival interest because, while I've heard plenty about another US consortium, and a group from China, neither of them have an agreement in place with Everton.
And let's face it, Moores is a pretty interesting character. I get the feeling most Evertonians are wary of the man, which is an understandable response to someone you've never come across before.
But without knowing exactly what is on the table from each of the interested parties it is difficult to make an informed decision on the merits of one potential owner over another.
And if you've decided you don't like what you read about Moores just from what I've written about him, then maybe you're being too hasty.
After all, the man hasn't yet had much of a chance to tell his side of the story, or make his intentions clear.
In addition, sometimes how a story is angled depends on who does, and who doesn't, allow you to quote them and how much of what they say is safe to publish.
Personally, I'm keeping an open mind because I think whoever ends up owning Everton deserves a chance to prove they can do a good job of it.
Moores has won plenty of doubters over before. One council member in San Diego who initially opposed his plan for a new stadium in the city is now one of his biggest allies.
But I'll admit, there are two pictures being painted of Moores that don't seem to tie up.
Is he the ruthless investor making money at the expense of the public, who is only in it for a decent profit and is so sensitive to criticism he can order a plaque in his honour taken down because he didn't like what a student newspaper once wrote about him?
Or is he the generous philanthropist whose mum used to read him compassionate Bible stories and who, as a result, has given millions to good causes, rescued a baseball team and two Universities, made a spectacular success of redeveloping a run-down area of a big city, and whose main motivation is to fulfil a lifelong dream of owning a football club?
The truth, as always, is probably somewhere in between.
He spent 18 years as owner of the San Diego Padres, who were widely regarded as a basket case before he took over from Tom Werner, now chairman of Liverpool.
In that time he took them to the World Series for only the second time in their 47-year history. Four of the only five West Division titles they have ever won came during his time as owner.
One US journalist told me that's like taking Watford and turning them into repeated contenders for the Premier League title.
It may not have ended in San Diego quite how Moores wished. Those who were there when he finally said goodbye say there were tears in his eyes.
But he had just been through a messy divorce from his childhood sweetheart, who shared 50 per cent of his majority shareholding in the team, making a sale almost inevitable.
So those who say he has unfinished business as an owner may have a point. But there is almost certainly more than one reason why he wants to buy Everton.
When he bought the Padres, he said: "I did it to have fun. My goal is to stabilise the club financially so that it can be competitive on the field and accepted in the community. We're here for the long haul, and it helps that we're using my money and not someone else's. We can look at it from a longer viewpoint than someone who's borrowed money from investors expecting a quick return."
If all of that applies to Everton, it doesn't sound too bad.
Fridge Magnet Bottle Opener – UK Only – SOLD OUT
Goodison Park Map
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Montreux Grand Prix 2014. A Successful 80th anniversary
Sebastien Eich
Montreux, in the heart of the Swiss Riviera and on the shores Lake Geneva, hosted from the 4th to the 7th September the 80th Montreux Grand Prix.
Around 150 extraordinary cars dating from the pre-wars years to the 80's were exposed and admired by 30.000 crowd.
They rode on the mountains during the historic Montreux Rally in Gruyere and raced the famous "Revival Montreux Caux".
An incredible circuit was reproduced on the streets of the city, very similar to the one of 1934.
Many families were here to hear motors sounds, sit in exhibition runs and elegance contest.
French pilot Sebastien Loeb, 9 times World Rally Champion, was invited with Guy Frequelin, vice world champion with Jean Todt and owner of Citroen Sport.
They enjoy spectators making many "Doughnuts" with the Citroen DS3 WRC.
Most remarkables cars were:
– Alfa Romeo 1924 that belonged to Enzo Ferrari
– Alfa Romeo owned by Fangio
– March 712M 1971 owned by the Frank Williams Team
– 5 F1 Ferraris including those of Michel Schumacher (2005), Nikki Lauda, Jacky Ickx and Alain Prost…
This event was greatly organized by Ezio Vialmin and its committee. Luxury cars brands like Ferrari, Maserati and also by the Swiss watch Brand Hublot (LVMH Group) were associated for the success of this edition.
Info sourced by the author for Luxuryactivist.com. All content is copyrighted with no reproduction rights available.
The Monaco Grand Prix 2017: An Action Packed Weekend
British Grand Prix 2017 Guide
Gears, Glitz and Glam at the Monaco Grand Prix 2017
Le Spa by Sisley at Le Richemond Geneva
2019 Monaco Grand Prix highlights, on and off the track
Modena Cars SA in Geneva adds Ferrari Classiche badge to their service portfolio
Sebastien Eich is passionate about Swiss watch-making and throughout the years he gathered a tremendous amount of knowledge about the beautiful art of creating a watch. Based in Switzerland, the mother land of watch-making, he has exclusive access to Brands and events. He shares all of it here for the great pleasure of sharing.
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Welcome to Shakespeare on Screen in Francophonia
Impulsed by the IRCL since 2008, the "Shakespeare on Screen in Francophonia" program stems from a wider study initiated in Italy by Mariangela Tempera on Shakespeare on European screens.
The team of Montpellier researchers, in partnership with international scholars, is working at referencing and analyzing Shakespeare adaptations and allusions on cinema and television screens in French-speaking countries. Although the films currently under study have mostly been produced in France, the program also aims to cover films from other French-speaking countries in the medium to long term.
While adaptations are easily identifiable and fairly limited, allusions are more complex. Explicit or implicit, verbal or visual, cursory or pregnant with meaning, allusion has a protean nature, and referencing is a fathomless task. Besides a long exploratory work, it requires the forging of critical tools adapted to the establishment of a typology of intertextual allusions.
The website provides detailed film data, circumstantial descriptions and extensive analyses, focusing on a single work, explored from one or more angles, or inviting the reader to peregrinate across several films by a given author.
It addresses the international research community and film enthusiasts and displays several access modes such as browsing allowing the visitor to pick his way through the database from either a list of Shakespeare plays or film titles, or simple or cross-database searching by play, film title, film director, etc. to meet more specific needs.
Several annual seminars and one-day conferences contribute to the impetus of the project, stimulating reflection on methodology, helping feed the database and the publication section containing articles by international scholars.
This project led by the Institute for Research on the Renaissance, the Neo-classical Age and the Enlightenment (IRCL) is funded by the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) and University Montpellier 3.
On your first visit, we suggest you begin with How to use and cite.
Submissions of reviews and articles should be sent to patricia.dorval@univ-montp3.fr and nathalie.vienne-guerrin@univ-montp3.fr.
All feedback is most welcome. Do not hesitate to contact us for questions or suggestions.
General Editors: Nathalie Vienne-Guerrin & Patricia Dorval
François Amy de la Bretèque, University Montpellier III, RIRRA 21, France
Victoria Bladen, University of Queensland, Australia
Clara Calvo, University of Murcia, Spain
Patricia Dorval, University Montpellier III, IRCL, France
Jennifer Drouin, University of Alabama, U.S.A.
Sarah Hatchuel, University of Le Havre, GRIC, France
Tony Howard, University of Warwick, G.-B.
Alexa Huang, George Washington University, Washington D.C., U.S.A.
Douglas M. Lanier, University of New Hampshire, U.S.A.
Nathalie Vienne-Guerrin, University Montpellier III, IRCL, France
Webmaster: Patricia Dorval
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| 4,793
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Haga är den stadsdel i Umeå som är belägen närmast norr om centrum. Det är en av Umeås äldsta stadsdelar, vars södra delar (närmast centrum) domineras av villabebyggelse från 1940-talet, medan det längre norrut finns ett varierat utbud av två- och trevånings hyres- och bostadsrättshus från sent 1940-tal och framåt. Haga och stadsdelen Sandbacka räknas ofta ihop, under benämningen Haga/Sandbacka, eller ibland lite felaktigt bara Haga.
Geografi
Haga avgränsas i norr mot stadsdelen Sandbacka av gatan Sandaparken och i väst av länsväg 503 (tidigare E4) och det före detta regementsområdet för I20 (Västerbottens regemente), som numera hyser Umestans företagspark. I söder gränsar Haga mot järnvägen (Botniabanan), där gång- och cykeltunneln mot centrum domineras av konstverket Lev!. I öster finns friluftsområdet Gammlia och naturparken Stadsliden: vid dess kant ligger Umeå Sporthall (Gammliahallen) och Umeå Energi Arena (före detta Gammliavallen) – hemmaplan för fotbollslagen Umeå IK och Umeå FC.
Stadsdelen korsas i nord-sydlig riktning av Östra Kyrkogatan och i öst-västlig riktning av Hissjövägen (Länsväg 363). Dessutom sträcker sig ett genomgående parkstråk från Hagaskolan i nordväst längs Djupbäcken, först i sydostlig riktning och sedan rakt söderut fram till järnvägen och Järnvägsallén/Holmsundsvägen.
Historia
När Umeå efter stadsbranden 1888 fick en ny stadsplan (1998) – där den tidigare så brokiga stadskärnan indelades i färre och större kvarter och bebyggdes med mer "stadsmässiga" hus – rymdes inte längre hela stadsbefolkningen i centrala Umeå. Tomtpriserna ökade och människor med lägre inkomst fick söka sig till stadens utkanter. Ett av de områden där "oreglerad bebyggelse" växte fram var Haga, som kom att betraktas som Umeås första förstad.
Hagas äldsta, västra del ligger direkt norr om Umeå centrum. Före stadsbranden fanns där bara någon enstaka jordbruksfastighet och ett antal lador, men redan 1893 redovisas ett 40-tal fastighetsägare på Haga, huvudsakligen längs befintliga kommunikationsleder som den gamla landsvägen mot Ersmark (nuvarande Generalsgatan). Vid slutet av 1800-talet fanns också ett antal byggnader på Fredrikshög – ett område öster om Östra Kyrkogatan som idag motsvaras av bland annat kvarteret Focken vid Fredrikshögsgatan – som från 1930-talet kom att ingå i Haga.
Arbetare, hantverkare och fattiga
Befolkningen utgjordes vid denna tid främst av arbetare, enklare hantverkare och gårdsägare (jordbrukare). Husen var vanligtvis en- eller tvåfamiljshus av trä med omgivande trädgård. Ända fram till 1920-talet låg Haga utanför stadsplanelagt område, vilket gjorde stadsdelen till något av stadsbornas "avstjälpningsplats – där förlades stadens sopförbränningsanläggning, förorenande industriverksamhet som garveri och fattigstugan, Hagagården. Den kommunala servicen var också länge eftersatt. Centrala Umeå fick elektricitet åren 1892–1899, men Haga fick vänta till 1903, och även utbyggnaden av vatten- och avloppsnät släpade efter.
Järnvägsarbetare och militärer
När järnvägen nådde Umeå 1896 slog sig många järnvägsarbetare ned på det närbelägna Haga. Nya inflyttare följde på etableringen av Dragonregementet (1998) och Västerbottens regemente (1908) – vilket ännu idag kan spåras i kvartersnamn som Banvakten och Konduktören och på gatunamn som Bangatan, Kaptensgatan och Majorsgatan. En ny landsväg byggdes norrut, Mickelsträskvägen (nuvarande Östra Kyrkogatan).
År 1914 tillkallades arkitekt Per Olof Hallman från Överintendentsämbetet för att planlägga förstäderna Haga, Öbacka och Öppen plats (ett område Väst på stan), och hans planförslag för Haga godkändes 1922. Hallman bröt mot det vanliga rutnätssystemet och införde en mer kontinental stil, med ett friare kvarters- och gatunät som utgick från den naturliga terrängen, befintliga gator (som Korsgatan och Generalsgatan) och befintliga byggnader som de egnahemstomter som 1919 upplåtits vid det så kallade Sandahemmanet vid nuvarande Armbågakroken. Värt att notera är att Haga-området så sent som 1924 användes för renkapplöpningar och som vinterbete för renar från Rans sameby i Ammarnästrakten.
Ett centrum anlades vid Hagaplan, och kring Djupbäcken anlades ett grönområde med "brandavskiljande" syfte, Hagaparken. Ursprungsplanen föreskrev öppen trähusbebyggelse med högst två våningar, men när Östra Haga byggdes under 1930-talet tilläts även inredd vind. Vid det laget hade antalet fastigheter ökat till ett hundratal. Med förtätningen blev jordbrukarna färre, men järnvägsanställda och militärer allt fler. Hagabor skaffade extrainkomster via "Rum för resande", det byggdes kaféer och småskola – och 1925 invigdes Umeås nya arena för fotboll och friidrott, Gammliavallen.
Bostadsbrist och barnrikehus
Umeå befolkning ökade nu snabbt, från knappt 4 000 år 1900 till drygt 13 000 i slutet av 1930-talet, och med ökande bostadsbrist började staden planera för nybyggande på Haga. 1939 beslöt fullmäktige att upplåta tre kvarter vid Hagaparken för att bygga egnahem för barnrika familjer, och 28 små enplanshus byggdes. År 1942 antogs stadsarkitekt Kjell Wretlings nya stadsplan – som nu omfattade även området öster och norr om Hagaparken, samt Sandbacka upp till kvarteren ovanför Norra kyrkogården.
År 1946 stod HSB:s första fyra trevåningshus, i betong med slätputsade fasader, klara på Stenmarksvägen i kvarteret Huggaren på Haga. Nästa stora projekt var Gustav Garvares gata, som sträcker sig mellan Hagaparken och den nya Sandaparken. På Gustav Garvares uppförde HSB och Riksbyggen åren 1947–49 åtta trevåningshus i betong med 133 moderna lägenheter – med badrum och balkong, parkettgolv i vardagsrummen, elspis och kylskåp – främst avsedda för barnfamiljer och äldre. Nu gjorde också samhällsservicen entré, med mjölkaffär, charkuteriaffär, färghandel och fiskaffär (synliga på bilden till höger).
I Hagaparken mot Hissjövägen byggdes 1952 Umeå första friliggande förskola, ritad av arkitekt Bruno Mathsson. 1954 stod folkskolan Hagaskolan färdig, med 12 klassrum, 4 specialrum och plats för 338 elever.
Det beslöts att folkparken skulle flyttas från Erikslund (östra delen av vad som nu blivit Sandaparken) till det nya idrotts- och industriområdet vid Rothoffsvägen nedanför Gammlia, intill Gammliavallen. Hösten 1958 utökades området med Umeås första fullstora sporthall, Gammliahallen, som inte bara blev en arena för sport utan också för danser och musikarrangemang – inte minst för den jazzfestival som fick sin premiär 1968. Två år senare, 1970, invigdes där också en ny simhall).
Stadsdelen växer mot norr
Haga utvidgades också österut mot Stadsliden. Längs gatan Skogsbrynet i västra kanten av Gammliaskogen byggdes 1948–1950 1,5-plansvillor i trä, puts eller tegel, med utsikt över staden. När stenkrossanläggningen vid gatans sydligaste del avvecklades i slutet av 1950-talet byggdes fem punkthus i åtta våningar, inflyttningsklara 1962.
Sedan E4 fått ny sträckning genom Umeå i Västra Esplanadens fortsättning mellan militärområdet och Haga, utvidgades området i början av 1970-talet ytterligare. På Sandabrånet, norr om Hagaskolan, byggdes flerbostadshus, radhus och kedjehus, vanligtvis i gult tegel. Just radhusbyggande präglade årtiondet, och många sådana byggdes för att ersätta äldre småhus och småindustri. Inför bostadsmässan Bo 87 byggdes området Sandahöjd vid Stadslidens högt placerade utlöpare mot norr – som tidigare hyst Umeå camping – där två punkthus nu utgör ett landmärke i staden.
Andra associationer
Haga blev under några år riksbekant på grund av den serie överfallsvåldtäkter som inleddes där 1998 av den så kallade Hagamannen.
Källor
Externa länkar
Umea.se:s webbplats om Haga
Stadsdelar i Umeå
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