---
license: apache-2.0
task_categories:
  - text-classification
language:
  - en
tags:
  - security
  - ai-agents
  - benchmark
  - multi-step-detection
  - lethal-trifecta
  - agent-safety
  - llm-as-judge
pretty_name: Sentinel-Flow (sentinelTris)
size_categories:
  - n<1K
---

# Sentinel-Flow (sentinelTris)

**Sentinel-Flow** is a benchmark for evaluating whether large language models can detect **multi-step security violations** in AI agent interaction traces. This dataset release contains the scenario fixtures and labeled traces used in the SECAI @ ESORICS evaluation.

> **Data-only release.** This repository contains benchmark data only (36 scenario files, 900 labeled traces). No evaluation code or model outputs are included here.

> **Synthetic-data and vendor disclaimer.** All scenarios, interaction traces, people, organizations, credentials, domains, and security events in this dataset are synthetic and were created solely for defensive security research. References to real companies, products, or services are illustrative only and do not represent actual product behavior, vulnerabilities, incidents, or customer data. This dataset is not affiliated with, sponsored by, or endorsed by any referenced company or product vendor.

## Dataset Summary

| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Scenarios | 36 |
| Labeled traces | 900 (490 unsafe, 410 safe) |
| Vulnerability classes | 3 |
| Application domains | 6 |
| Format | JSON |

## Vulnerability Classes

Based on the [Lethal Trifecta](https://simonwillison.net/2025/Apr/16/lethal-trifecta/) threat model:

1. **Lethal Trifecta** (`lethal_trifecta`): Untrusted content (U) → Private data access (P) → External exfiltration (E)
2. **Exfil Chain** (`exfil_chain`): Private data access (P) → External exfiltration (E) — capability misuse without injection
3. **Taint-Sink** (`taint_sink`): Untrusted content (U) → Dangerous execution sink — unsanitized execution

## Application Domains

| Code | Domain |
|---|---|
| HC | Healthcare |
| FN | Finance |
| EN | Enterprise |
| CI | IoT / Critical Infrastructure |
| DO | DevOps |
| WB | Web |

## Dataset Layout

```
data/
├── lethal_trifecta/   # 12 scenario files
├── exfil_chain/       # 12 scenario files
└── taint_sink/        # 12 scenario files
```

Each scenario JSON file contains:

- **Scenario metadata**: `id`, `flow_class`, domain fields
- **Environment**: `system_prompt`, tool definitions
- **Traces**: labeled agent interaction histories with `ground_truth`, `flow_tag`, `reasoning`, `history`, and `candidate_action`

## JSON Structure

```json
{
  "id": "HC-LT-clinical",
  "flow_class": "lethal_trifecta",
  "application_domain": "HC",
  "environment": {
    "system_prompt": "...",
    "tools": [ ... ]
  },
  "traces": [
    {
      "trace_id": "HC-LT-clinical-T001",
      "ground_truth": "UNSAFE",
      "flow_tag": "HC-LT-05",
      "reasoning": "...",
      "history": [ ... ],
      "candidate_action": { ... }
    }
  ]
}
```

## Labels

Each trace includes:

- `ground_truth`: `SAFE` or `UNSAFE`
- `flow_tag`: scenario-level flow grouping tag
- `reasoning`: reference explanation for the label
- `history`: prior multi-turn agent/tool interaction
- `candidate_action`: the next action to be judged

## Intended Use

- Benchmark evaluation of trace-level security classification
- Robustness and error analysis across flow classes
- Reproducible comparisons using fixed scenario fixtures
- Training or fine-tuning security judge models

## Ethical Considerations

- **Defensive benchmark**: designed to evaluate detection capabilities, not to enable attacks
- **Synthetic data**: all traces are synthetically generated; no real user data was used
- **Simulated credentials**: some traces contain realistic-looking credential strings as part of attack simulation content — these are fictional and not valid credentials

## Citation

If you use this dataset, please cite the Sentinel-Flow paper (SECAI @ ESORICS):

```bibtex
@inproceedings{sentinel-flow-2026,
  title={Sentinel-Flow: A Benchmark for Multi-Step Security Detection in AI Agent Traces},
  booktitle={SECAI @ ESORICS},
  year={2026}
}
```

## Related Links

- Anonymous artifact (review): https://anonymous.4open.science/r/sentinelTris-F76D/