Answer: Clark County

Question: What city is the flying component of the United States Air Force 432d Wing stationed in

Context: 2d Operations Group

Context: The 2d Operations Group (2 OG) is the flying component of the United States Air Force 2d Bomb Wing, assigned to the Air Force Global Strike Command Eighth Air Force.

Context: The group is stationed at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana.

Context: 92d Operations Group

Context: The 92d Operations Group (92 OG) is the flying component of the 92d Air Refueling Wing, assigned to the United States Air Force Air Mobility Command Eighteenth Air Force.

Context: The group is stationed at Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington.

Context: 380th Expeditionary Operations Group

Context: The 380th Expeditionary Operations Group (380 EOG) is the operational flying component of the United States Air Force 380th Air Expeditionary Wing.

Context: It is a provisional unit stationed at Al Dhafra Air Base, United Arab Emirates, and is assigned to the United States Air Forces Central component of Air Combat Command (ACC).

Context: 432d Wing

Context: The 432d Wing is a United States Air Force unit assigned to Air Combat Command, stationed at Creech Air Force Base, Nevada.

Context: The group operates unmanned reconnaissance aircraft which provide real-time reconnaissance, surveillance, and precision attack against fixed and time-critical targets.

Context: The 432d Air Expeditionary Wing is a provisional unit assigned to Air Combat Command and is the designation for components of the 432d Wing when deployed into combat areas as part of the Global War on Terror.

Context: 67th Cyberspace Wing

Context: The 67th Cyberspace Wing is a United States Air Force wing stationed at Lackland Air Force Base, Texas.

Context: It was activated in October 1993 as a military intelligence unit and is assigned to Twenty-Fourth Air Force.

Context: The wing was first activated at March Field as the 67th Reconnaissance Wing as part of the wing base organization system.

Context: However, only its 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Group ever became operational and it relied on another wing for support.

Context: It was inactivated in the 1949 Truman reductions in the Department of Defense budget.

Context: 22d Operations Group

Context: The 22d Operations Group is the operational flying component of the United States Air Force 22d Air Refueling Wing.

Context: It is stationed at McConnell Air Force Base, Kansas, and is part of Air Mobility Command (AMC)'s Eighteenth Air Force.

Context: 432d Operations Group

Context: The 432d Operations Group is the flying component of the United States Air Force 432d Wing, stationed at Creech Air Force Base, Nevada.

Context: 3d Operations Group

Context: The 3d Operations Group is the operational flying component of the United States Air Force 3d Wing.

Context: It is stationed at Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska, and is assigned to Pacific Air Forces' Eleventh Air Force.

Context: 1st Operations Group

Context: The 1st Operations Group (1 OG) is the flying component of the 1st Fighter Wing, assigned to the USAF Air Combat Command.

Context: The group is stationed at Langley Air Force Base, Virginia.

Context: The 1st Operations Group is the oldest major air combat unit in the United States Air Force, being the successor organization of the 1st Pursuit Group.

Context: The 1st Pursuit Group was the first air combat group formed by the Air Service, American Expeditionary Force, on 5 May 1918.

Context: 437th Operations Group

Context: The 437th Operations Group (437 OG) is an active United States Air Force unit.

Context: It is the flying component of the Twenty-First Air Force 437th Airlift Wing, stationed at Charleston Air Force Base, South Carolina.


Answer: Viscount Cranborne

Question: William Pery served as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard under the lord who served in what position from 1865 to 1868?

Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury

Context: Earl of Aylesford

Context: Earl of Aylesford, in the County of Kent, is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain.

Context: It was created in 1714 for the lawyer and politician Heneage Finch, 1st Baron Guernsey.

Context: He had already been created Baron Guernsey in the Peerage of England in 1703.

Context: Finch was the younger son of Heneage Finch, 1st Earl of Nottingham and the great-grandson of Elizabeth Heneage, 1st Countess of Winchilsea.

Context: Lord Aylesford's eldest son, the second Earl, represented Maidstone and Surrey in Parliament.

Context: In 1712, he married Mary Fisher, daughter of Sir Clement Fisher, 3rd Baronet.

Context: Through this marriage Packington Hall in Warwickshire came into the Finch family.

Context: Their son, the third Earl, sat as a Member of Parliament for Leicestershire and Maidstone.

Context: His eldest son, the fourth Earl, represented Castle Rising and Maidstone in the House of Commons, and after entering the House of Lords on his father's death, served as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard from 1783 to 1804 and as Lord Steward of the Household from 1804 to 1812.

Context: Yeomen of the Guard

Context: The Queen's Body Guard of the Yeomen of the Guard are a bodyguard of the British Monarch.

Context: The oldest British military corps still in existence, it was created by King Henry VII in 1485 at the Battle of Bosworth.

Context: As a token of this venerability, the Yeomen still wear red and gold uniforms of Tudor style.

Context: There are 60 Yeomen of the Guard (plus six officers), drawn from retired members of the British Army, Royal Marines and Royal Air Force, but traditionally not the Royal Navy.

Context: This ban on Royal Navy Personnel was lifted in 2011 and two sailors joined the ranks of the Yeomen of the Guard.

Context: However, the role of the Captain of the Queen's Body Guard of the Yeomen of the Guard is a political appointment — the captain is always the government Deputy Chief Whip in the House of Lords.

Context: George Percy, 5th Duke of Northumberland PC (22 June 1778 – 22 August 1867), styled Lord Lovaine between 1790 and 1830 and known as The Earl of Beverley between 1830 and 1865, was a British Tory politician.

Context: He served as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard under Sir Robert Peel between 1842 and 1846.

Context: He succeeded to the title on 12 February 1865, after the death of Algernon Percy, 4th Duke of Northumberland whose wife Eleanor Percy, Duchess of Northumberland had borne no children.

Context: John Kerr, 7th Marquess of Lothian

Context: John William Robert Kerr, 7th Marquess of Lothian {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (1 February 1794 – 14 November 1841), styled Lord Newbottle until 1815 and Earl of Ancram from 1815 to 1824, was a Scottish Tory politician.

Context: He served briefly as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard under Sir Robert Peel between September and November 1841.

Context: Baron Berkeley of Stratton

Context: Baron Berkeley of Stratton, in the County of Cornwall, was a title in the Peerage of England.

Context: It was created in 1658 for John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton, a Royalist supporter during the English Civil War, of the Bruton branch of the Berkeley family.

Context: He was a descendant of Sir Maurice de Berkeley (14th century), younger son of Maurice de Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley (see Baron Berkeley).

Context: Charles Berkeley, 2nd Viscount Fitzhardinge, was his brother and Charles Berkeley, 1st Earl of Falmouth, his nephew.

Context: Lord Berkeley of Stratton's second son, the third Baron (who succeeded his elder brother), was an Admiral in the Royal Navy.

Context: He died without surviving children and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourth Baron.

Context: He was a politician and served as First Lord of Trade between 1714 and 1715.

Context: On his death the title passed to his eldest son, the fifth Baron.

Context: He was also a politician and held office as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard and Captain of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-Pensioners.

Context: He was childless and the title became extinct on his death in 1775.

Context: Henry Cadogan, 4th Earl Cadogan

Context: Henry Charles Cadogan, 4th Earl Cadogan PC (15 February 1812 – 8 June 1873), styled Viscount Chelsea between 1820 and 1864, was a British diplomat and Conservative politician.

Context: He served as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard between 1866 and 1868.

Context: William Pery, 3rd Earl of Limerick

Context: William Hale John Charles Pery, 3rd Earl of Limerick KP, PC, DL, JP (17 January 1840 – 8 August 1896), styled Viscount Glentworth until 1866, was an Irish peer and Conservative politician.

Context: He served as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard under Lord Salisbury between 1889 and 1892 and again between 1895 and his death in 1896.

Context: In 1892 he was made a Knight of the Order of St Patrick.

Context: William Street, Limerick

Context: William Street (Irish: "Sráid Liam" ) is one of the main thoroughfares of central Limerick City, Ireland.

Context: The street starts at a junction with O'Connell Street (Limerick's main thoroughfare) and continues in a south-east direction.

Context: The street is named after William Pery, 1st Baron Glentworth a relation of Edmund Sexton Pery who is credited with the development of the present day Limerick City Centre area known as Newtown Pery.

Context: William Monson, 1st Viscount Oxenbridge

Context: William John Monson, 1st Viscount Oxenbridge PC (18 February 1829 – 16 April 1898), known as The Lord Monson between 1862 and 1886, was a British Liberal politician.

Context: He served as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard between 1880 and 1885 and in 1886 under William Ewart Gladstone.

Context: Henry Fox-Strangways, 3rd Earl of Ilchester

Context: Henry Stephen Fox-Strangways, 3rd Earl of Ilchester PC (21 February 1787 – 8 January 1858), styled Lord Stavordale from birth until 1802, was a British peer and Whig politician.

Context: He served as Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard under Lord Melbourne from 1835 to 1841.


Answer: located in Olathe, Kansas

Question: Where is the school that Tyler Kalinoski went to located?

Context: East Haven High School

Context: East Haven High School is located at 35 Wheelbarrow Lane in East Haven, Connecticut.

Context: (It was located at 200 Tyler Street until September 1997.)

Context: It is a co-educational public school serving grades nine through twelve.

Context: Its school colors are blue and gold and its mascot is the yellow jacket.

Context: The school is part of the Southern Connecticut Conference for athletics.

Context: East Haven High School is also known for its marching band.

Context: Tyler Consolidated High School

Context: Tyler Consolidated High School (TCHS) is a public secondary school in Sistersville, West Virginia, United States.

Context: It is part of the Tyler County Schools district and is located at 1993 Silver Knight Drive.

Context: The school was formed in 1993 when students from Sistersville High School and Tyler County High School consolidated to form one county high school.

Context: Tyler Kalinoski

Context: Tyler Kalinoski (born December 19, 1992) is an American basketball player for Antwerp Giants in the Belgian League.

Context: Kalinoski was a McDonald’s All-American nominee as a senior at Olathe East High School in Kansas and completed his college career for the Davidson Wildcats.

Context: He was named Atlantic 10 Conference Men's Basketball Player of the Year in 2015.

Context: Harvest Time Christian Academy

Context: Harvest Time Christian Academy is a coeducational, private school located in Tyler, Texas.

Context: Founded in 2010 as a Christian ministry of the Harvest Time Church of Tyler, the school accepts students from Pre-K to 12th grade.

Context: Woodville High School (Texas)

Context: Woodville High School is a public high school located in the city of Woodville, Texas in Tyler County, United States and classified as a 3A school by the UIL.

Context: It is a part of the Woodville Independent School District located in central Tyler County.

Context: In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

Context: Calvin Tyler Scott

Context: Calvin Tyler Scott is a Canadian basketball player for the UPEI Panthers.

Context: Tyler Scott was born and raised in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Context: Tyler Scott attended Halifax West High School and was the top scorer for the Halifax West Warriors.

Context: After graduating from Halifax West, Tyler Scott attended Lee Academy, a prep school in Maine.

Context: After Lee Academy, Tyler Scott went to Acadia University in New Minas, where he averaged 11.7 points per game, after realizing Acadia wasn't where he felt 100% comfortable he committed to UPEI with Tim Kendrick.

Context: At UPEI Tyler Scott went on to average 23 points per game in his first year and became a first team all Canadian and during his second and third year at UPEI, Tyler Scott was named second team all star and was 2nd in scoring in the AUS and 1st in scoring in his 5th year.

Context: On February 26, 2017, Tyler Scott made it into top 5 AUS scoring of all time.

Context: During his 5th year Tyler Scott also passed 1700 career points.

Context: Tyler School of Art

Context: The Stella Elkins Tyler School of Art, also known as Tyler School of Art, is an art school at Temple University.

Context: The school was founded by sculptors Stella Elkins Tyler (of the Elkins/Widener family) and Boris Blai on a separate 14-acre estate in Elkins Park.

Context: In 2009, Tyler opened the doors to a new facility located on Temple's Main Campus.

Context: An allocation of $61.5 million from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania provided the cornerstone financial support for the new 255,000 square foot building, designed by award-winning architect Carlos Jimenez.

Context: Middlebourne Historic District

Context: Middlebourne Historic District is a national historic district located at Middlebourne, Tyler County, West Virginia.

Context: It encompasses 88 contributing buildings that include the civic, commercial, and residential core of Middlebourne.

Context: Most of the buildings in the district date from the late-19th and early-20th century in popular architectural styles, such as Queen Anne and Classical Revival.

Context: The two oldest are the Federal-style Quinif House (1805) and Gorrell-Wetzel House (1807).

Context: Other notable buildings include the Tyler County High School (1907), First National Bank (1902), Smith's Drug Store (c. 1890), Nadene Theater (c. 1920), The Powell-Shore House (c. 1898-99; the town's best example of Queen Anne Architecture), the Weekley House (c. 1905), the Huth-Fletcher House (1895), and United Methodist Church and Parsonage (1910).

Context: Also located in the district is the separately listed Tyler County Courthouse and Jail (1854, 1874, 1922).

Context: Council Rock High School North

Context: Council Rock High School North is a high school located in Newtown, Bucks County, Pennsylvania.

Context: It is a part of the Council Rock School District.

Context: The school is located across from Newtown Middle School (formerly Newtown Junior High) and Tyler State Park, and near Bucks County Community College.

Context: The current student population is 2259 for grades 9-12.

Context: Kevin Lockett

Context: Kevin Eugene Lockett (born September 4, 1974) is a former American football wide receiver and punt returner in the National Football League for the Kansas City Chiefs, Washington Redskins, Jacksonville Jaguars and New York Jets.

Context: He played college football at Kansas State University where he was a football and Academic All-American.

Context: He went to high school at Booker T. Washington High School in Tulsa.

Context: His younger brother Aaron and son Tyler also played football at Kansas State and Tyler was later drafted by the Seattle Seahawks.


Answer: Detroit Lions and the Los Angeles Rams

Question: Which two teams did the the head coach of The 2007 San Diego State Aztecs play for professionally?

Context: The 2016 San Diego State Aztecs football team represented San Diego State University in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season.

Context: The Aztecs were led by sixth-year head coach Rocky Long and played their home games at Qualcomm Stadium.

Context: They were members of the West Division of the Mountain West Conference.

Context: They finished the season 11–3, 6–2 in Mountain West play to be champions of the West Division.

Context: They represented the West Division in the Mountain West Championship Game where they defeated Wyoming to be crowned Mountain West champions for the second consecutive year.

Context: They were invited to the Las Vegas Bowl where they defeated Houston.

Context: The 2013 San Diego State Aztecs football team represented San Diego State University in the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season.

Context: The Aztecs were led by third-year head coach Rocky Long and played their home games at Qualcomm Stadium.

Context: They finished the season 8–5, 6–2 in Mountain West play to finish in second place in the West Division.

Context: They were invited to the Famous Idaho Potato Bowl where they defeated Buffalo.

Context: Viejas Arena

Context: Viejas Arena at Aztec Bowl (formerly named Cox Arena), located on the San Diego State University (SDSU) campus in San Diego, California, is the home of the San Diego State Aztecs men's basketball and women's basketball teams.

Context: Viejas Arena opened its doors to the campus and community in July 1997 and seats 12,414 for basketball and up to 12,845 for concerts.

Context: The facility also hosts SDSU's commencement ceremonies.

Context: Previously, the Aztecs played at Peterson Gymnasium also on the SDSU campus.

Context: However, the men's basketball team played most of their home games at the San Diego Sports Arena prior to Viejas Arena's construction.

Context: San Diego State Aztecs men's soccer

Context: The San Diego State Aztecs men's soccer team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of San Diego State University in San Diego, California, United States.

Context: The team is an associate member of the Pac-12 Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I.

Context: San Diego State's first men's soccer team was fielded in 1968.

Context: The team plays its home games at SDSU Sports Deck in San Diego.

Context: The Aztecs are coached by Lev Kirshner.

Context: The 2014 San Diego State Aztecs football team represented San Diego State University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FBS football season.

Context: The Aztecs were led by fourth-year head coach Rocky Long and played their home games at Qualcomm Stadium.

Context: San Diego State finished the season 7–6, 5–3 in Mountain West play to finish in a share for first place in the West Division.

Context: However, due to Mountain West tiebreaker rules, because of their head to head loss to Fresno State they were not considered division co–champions.

Context: They were invited to the Poinsettia Bowl where they lost to Navy 16–17.

Context: The 2012 San Diego State Aztecs football team represented San Diego State University in the 2012 NCAA Division I FBS football season.

Context: The Aztecs were led by second-year head coach Rocky Long and played their home games at Qualcomm Stadium.

Context: This was San Diego State's 14th season in the Mountain West Conference.

Context: The 2017 San Diego State Aztecs football team represents San Diego State University in the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season.

Context: The Aztecs are led by seventh-year head coach Rocky Long and play their home games at SDCCU Stadium.

Context: SDSU is a member of the Mountain West Conference in the West Division.

Context: San Diego State Aztecs baseball

Context: The San Diego State Aztecs baseball team is the college baseball program that represents the San Diego State University.

Context: Along with the university's other athletic teams, the baseball team became a member of the Mountain West Conference during the 1999–00 academic year.

Context: Previously, the baseball program competed in the Western Athletic Conference.

Context: The Aztecs play in Tony Gwynn Stadium, on the SDSU campus in San Diego, California.

Context: From 2003 until his death in 2014, Tony Gwynn was the program's head coach.

Context: The 1970 San Diego State Aztecs football team represented San Diego State College during the 1970 NCAA University Division football season as a member of the Pacific Coast Athletic Association.

Context: The team was led by head coach Don Coryell, in his tenth year, and they played their home games at San Diego Stadium in San Diego, California.

Context: They finished the season as co-champions of the conference, with a record of nine wins and two losses (9–2, 5–1 PCAA).

Context: The 2007 San Diego State Aztecs football team represented San Diego State University in the 2007 NCAA Division I FBS college football season.

Context: The Aztecs, led by head coach Chuck Long, played their home games at the Qualcomm Stadium.

Context: They finished with a record of 4–8 (3–5 MWC).


Answer: Planet Terror

Question: What is the name of the film starring Rose McGowan and features the character Earl McGraw's daughter?

Context: The Pastor's Wife (film)

Context: The Pastor's Wife is a 2011 biographical television film, starring Rose McGowan as Mary Winkler and based on the true crime book of the same title by author Diane Fanning.

Context: It premiered on Saturday, November 5, at 8 pm ET/PT on the Lifetime Network.

Context: Scream (1996 film)

Context: Scream is a 1996 American slasher film written by Kevin Williamson and directed by Wes Craven.

Context: The film stars David Arquette, Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, Matthew Lillard, Rose McGowan, Skeet Ulrich, and Drew Barrymore.

Context: Released on December 20, 1996, "Scream" follows the character of Sidney Prescott (Campbell), a high school student in the fictional town of Woodsboro, California, who becomes the target of a mysterious killer known as Ghostface.

Context: The film combined black comedy and "whodunit" mystery with the violence of the slasher genre to satirize the clichés of the horror film genre popularized in films such as "Halloween" and "Friday the 13th".

Context: The film was considered unique at the time of its release for featuring characters who were aware of real world horror films and openly discussed the clichés that "Scream" attempted to subvert.

Context: Emotional Technology

Context: Emotional Technology is the fourth studio album by electronica artist BT.

Context: Transitioning towards a poppier sound, the album features some of BT's well-known hits, including "Somnambulist", "The Force of Gravity" and "Superfabulous".

Context: "Somnambulist", also known as "Simply Being Loved", holds the Guinness World Record for most vocal edits in a single track, with 6,178 in the album version.

Context: The album features vocal performances by JC Chasez, Rose McGowan, and Transeau himself, among others.

Context: Earl and Edgar McGraw

Context: Earl McGraw and his son Edgar McGraw are two fictional characters played by Michael Parks and James Parks.

Context: They appear in several feature films by Robert Rodriguez and Quentin Tarantino, including the "From Dusk till Dawn" franchise, "", and in various works from the "Grindhouse" project.

Context: Despite being killed off in his first appearance in "From Dusk till Dawn", various characters named Earl and Edgar have returned in several other films from Rodriguez and Tarantino.

Context: Talking with a heavy Texas accent and delivering profanity laden dialogue, the Earl character often serves as comic relief.

Context: He and Edgar are consistently portrayed as Texas Rangers.

Context: Edgar is portrayed by James Parks, the real-life son of Michael Parks.

Context: Earl has a daughter who is introduced in the "Grindhouse" films, named Dakota, played by Marley Shelton, who plays a large role in "Planet Terror".

Context: Dakota also appears in the portrayed by Nicky Whelan.

Context: Conan the Barbarian (2011 film)

Context: Conan the Barbarian is a 2011 American sword and sorcery film based on the character of the same name created by Robert E. Howard.

Context: The film is a new interpretation of the "Conan" mythology, and is not related to the films featuring Arnold Schwarzenegger.

Context: It stars Jason Momoa in the title role, alongside Rachel Nichols, Rose McGowan, Stephen Lang, Ron Perlman, and Bob Sapp with Marcus Nispel directing.

Context: Amy Blue

Context: Amy Blue is a British alternative rock band composed of Simon Chatterton (guitar), JP Rutter (guitar), Lex Sampson (drums) and Tom Parr (bass).

Context: The group's name was inspired by Rose McGowan's character in the 1995 Gregg Araki movie "The Doom Generation".

Context: Devil in the Flesh (1998 film)

Context: Devil in the Flesh is a 1998 American thriller film starring Rose McGowan.

Context: The film was also released under the title "Dearly Devoted".

Context: It was co-scripted by Kelly Carlin-McCall but is not based on the twice-filmed Raymond Radiguet novel "Le Diable au corps" ("The Devil in the Flesh").

Context: Paige Matthews

Context: Paige Matthews is a fictional character from the American television series "Charmed", played by Rose McGowan from October 4, 2001 until May 21, 2006.

Context: The character was created by executive producer Brad Kern as a replacement for lead character Prue Halliwell, following the departure of actress Shannen Doherty.

Context: Paige is introduced in season four as the fiercely independent younger half-sister of the show's remaining female leads, sisters Piper (Holly Marie Combs) and Phoebe Halliwell (Alyssa Milano).

Context: Like her sisters, Paige is a witch, and more specifically, one of the "Charmed Ones"—three of the most powerful witches of all time.

Context: Paige is introduced as the secret love child of the Halliwell sisters' mother Patty (Finola Hughes) and her "whitelighter" (guardian angel) Sam Wilder (Scott Jaeck), making Paige both a witch and whitelighter.

Context: She was given up at birth and raised by her adoptive parents.

Context: The Doom Generation

Context: The Doom Generation is a 1995 American dark comedy film written and directed by Gregg Araki.

Context: It stars James Duval, Rose McGowan, and Johnathon Schaech.

Context: The film follows two troubled teenage lovers Amy Blue (McGowan) and Jordan White (Duval) who pick up a young handsome drifter named Xavier Red (Schaech).

Context: After he accidentally kills a store's clerk, the trio embarks on a journey full of sex, violence, and people from Amy's past.

Context: Billed as "A Heterosexual Movie by Gregg Araki", "The Doom Generation" is the second film in the director's trilogy known as the "Teenage Apocalypse Trilogy", the first being "Totally Fucked Up" (1993) and the last one "Nowhere" (1997).

Context: The characters of Amy Blue and Jordan White are based on the Mark Beyer comic strip "Amy and Jordan".

Context: Dead Awake (2010 film)

Context: Dead Awake is a 2010 mystery film starring Nick Stahl, Rose McGowan, and Amy Smart.

Context: The film was previously titled "Dylan's Wake".


Answer: yes

Question: Are both Arizona v. United States and Reynolds v. United States Supreme Court cases?

Context: List of United States state supreme court cases

Context: Every year, each of the 50 United States state supreme courts decides hundreds of cases.

Context: Of those cases dealing with state law, a few significantly shape or re-shape the law of their state or are so influential that they later become models for decisions of other states or the federal government, or are noted for being rejected by other jurisdictions.

Context: The same is true of those cases involving a federal question, except that these may be appealed to the United States Supreme Court.

Context: This list contains notable final decisions of these courts – those that were not subject to appeal, or from which no appeal was taken, or from which an appeal was taken but certiorari was denied.

Context: Appealed decisions that are notable primarily because of later actions of the U.S. Supreme Court covered in the listings of U.S. Supreme Court cases.

Context: The decisions are listed in chronological order.

Context: Arizona v. Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc., 570 U.S. ___ (2013) , is a 2012-term United States Supreme Court case revolving around Arizona's unique voter registration requirements, including the necessity of providing documentary proof of citizenship.

Context: In a 7-2 decision, the Supreme Court held that Arizona's registration requirements were unlawful because they were preempted by federal voting laws.

Context: Hollingsworth v. Perry

Context: Hollingsworth v. Perry refers to a series of United States federal court cases that legalized same-sex marriage in the State of California.

Context: The case began in 2009 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, which found that banning same-sex marriage violates equal protection under the law.

Context: This decision overturned ballot initiative Proposition 8, which had banned same-sex marriage.

Context: After the State of California refused to defend Proposition 8, the official sponsors of Proposition 8 intervened and appealed to the Supreme Court.

Context: The case was litigated during the governorships of both Arnold Schwarzenegger and Jerry Brown, and was thus known as Perry v. Schwarzenegger and Perry v. Brown, respectively.

Context: As "Hollingsworth v. Perry", it eventually reached the United States Supreme Court, which held that, in line with prior precedent, the official sponsors of a ballot initiative measure did not have Article III standing to appeal an adverse federal court ruling when the state refused to do so.

Context: Spaziano v. Florida

Context: Spaziano v. Florida, was two United States Supreme Court cases dealing with the imposition of the death penalty.

Context: In the first case, 454 U.S. 1037 (1981), the Supreme Court, with two dissents, refused Spaziano's petition for certiorari.

Context: However, the Florida Supreme Court would reverse Spaziano's death sentence based on the judge's receipt of a confidential report which was not received by either party.

Context: On remand, the judge reimposed the death penalty and the Florida Supreme Court upheld the sentence.

Context: In the second case, 468 U.S. 447 (1984) the Court heard Spaziano's appeal of his death sentence.

Context: Arizona v. California

Context: Arizona v. California is a set of United States Supreme Court cases, all dealing with disputes over water distribution from the Colorado River between the states of Arizona and California.

Context: It also covers the amount of water that the State of Nevada receives from the river as well.

Context: Legal Tender Cases

Context: The Legal Tender Cases were a series of United States Supreme Court cases in the latter part of the nineteenth century that affirmed the constitutionality of paper money.

Context: In the 1869 case of "Hepburn v. Griswold", the Court had held that declaring paper notes to be legal tender in payment of debts existing prior to the Legal Tender Act of 1862 violated the United States Constitution.

Context: In the "Legal Tender Cases", the Court overruled "Hepburn", beginning with "Knox v. Lee" and "Parker v. Davis" in 1871, and then "Juilliard v. Greenman" in 1884.

Context: Evans v. Jordan

Context: Evans v. Jordan, 13 U.S. 199 (1815) , was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that someone who had copied a patented invention after the patent had expired, and before the patent was restored by a private bill, would be liable for damages for patent infringement for any use continuing after the patent was restored.

Context: It was the second published Supreme Court decision on patent law, and the first of four Supreme Court cases dealing with the Oliver Evans flour mill patent.

Context: Like other Supreme Court patent cases prior to "Evans v. Eaton", however, this case did not deal with substantive patent law, but only with issues of statutory construction and infringement liability.

Context: Stephen Halbrook

Context: Stephen P. Halbrook is a Senior Fellow at the Independent Institute and an author and lawyer known for his litigation on behalf of the National Rifle Association.

Context: He has written extensively about the original meanings of the Second Amendment and the Fourteenth Amendment (the latter as applied to Second Amendment rights).

Context: He has argued and won three cases before the US Supreme Court: "Printz v. United States", "United States v. Thompson-Center Arms Company", and "Castillo v. United States".

Context: He has also written briefs in many other cases, including the Supreme Court cases "Small v. United States" (pertaining to the Gun Control Act of 1968) and "McDonald v. Chicago".

Context: In "District of Columbia v. Heller", he wrote a brief on behalf of the majority of both houses of Congress.

Context: More broadly, his decades of research on the Second Amendment contributed to the intellectual foundation of the "Heller" decision.

Context: He has written many books and articles on the topic of gun control, some of which have been cited in Supreme Court opinions ("Heller", "McDonald", "Printz v. United States").

Context: He has testified before congress on multiple occasions.

Context: Halbrook’s most important scholarly contribution, however, was the book "That Every Man Be Armed", originally published in 1986.

Context: The book was the most thorough analysis of the legal history and original intent of the Second Amendment.

Context: Chy Lung v. Freeman

Context: Chy Lung v. Freeman, 92 U.S. 275 (1876) was a United States Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court ruled that the power to set rules surrounding immigration, and to manage foreign relations, rested with the United States Federal Government, rather than with the states.

Context: The case has been cited in other Supreme Court cases related to government authority on matters relating to immigration policy and immigration enforcement, most recently in "Arizona v. United States" (2012).

Context: Criminal law in the Waite Court

Context: During the tenure of Morrison Waite as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (March 4, 1874 through March 23, 1888), the Supreme Court heard an unprecedented volume and frequency of criminal cases.

Context: In just fourteen years, the Court heard 106 criminal cases, almost as many cases as the Supreme Court had heard in the period from its creation to the appointment of Waite as Chief Justice.

Context: Notable cases include "United States v. Cruikshank" (1875), "United States v. Reese" (1875), "Reynolds v. United States" (1878), "Wilkerson v. Utah" (1879), the "Trade-Mark Cases" (1879), "Strauder v. West Virginia" (1880), "Pace v. Alabama" (1883), "United States v. Harris" (1883), "Ex parte Crow Dog" (1883), "Hurtado v. California" (1884), "Clawson v. United States" (1885), "Yick Wo v. Hopkins" (1886), "United States v. Kagama" (1886), "Ker v. Illinois" (1886), and "Mugler v. Kansas" (1887).


Answer: King Edward

Question: Who is the father of the king that defeated the The forces of Olaf and Constantine

Context: Olaf Guthfrithson

Context: Olaf Guthfrithson (Old Norse: "Óláfr Guðrøðsson" ; ; Old Irish: "Amlaíb mac Gofraid" ; died 941) was a Viking leader who ruled Dublin and Viking Northumbria in the 10th century.

Context: He was the son of Gofraid ua Ímair and great-grandson of Ímar, making him one of the Uí Ímair.

Context: Olaf succeeded his father as King of Dublin in 934 and succeeded in establishing dominance over the Vikings of Limerick when he captured their king, Amlaíb Cenncairech, in 937.

Context: That same year he allied with Constantine II of Scotland in an attempt to reclaim the Kingdom of Northumbria which his father had ruled briefly in 927.

Context: The forces of Olaf and Constantine were defeated by the English led by Æthelstan at the Battle of Brunanburh.

Context: Constantine the Great

Context: Constantine the Great (Latin: "Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus Augustus" ; Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ Μέγας ; 27 February 272 AD – 22 May 337 AD), also known as Constantine I or Saint Constantine (in the Orthodox Church as Saint Constantine the Great, Equal-to-the-Apostles), was a Roman Emperor of Illyrian-Greek origin from 306 to 337 AD.

Context: He was the son of Flavius Valerius Constantius, a Roman Army officer, and his consort Helena.

Context: His father became "Caesar", the deputy emperor in the west, in 293 AD.

Context: Constantine was sent east, where he rose through the ranks to become a military tribune under Emperors Diocletian and Galerius.

Context: In 305, Constantius raised himself to the rank of "Augustus", senior western emperor, and Constantine was recalled west to campaign under his father in Britannia (Britain).

Context: Constantine was acclaimed as emperor by the army at Eboracum (modern-day York) after his father's death in 306 AD, and he emerged victorious in a series of civil wars against Emperors Maxentius and Licinius to become sole ruler of both west and east by 324 AD.

Context: Olaf II of Denmark

Context: Olaf II Haakonsson (1370 – 23 August 1387) was King of Denmark as Olaf II (1376–1387) and King of Norway as Olaf IV (1380–1387).

Context: Olaf was son of King Haakon VI of Norway and the grandson of King Magnus IV of Sweden.

Context: His mother was Queen Margaret I of Denmark which made him the grandson of King Valdemar IV of Denmark.

Context: In addition to his claim on the thrones of Denmark and later Norway, he was in the direct succession line to the throne of Sweden (but for the interposition of Albert of Mecklenburg).

Context: Levan of Imereti

Context: Levan (Georgian: ლევანი ) (1573–1590), of the Bagrationi Dynasty, was a king of Imereti from 1585 to 1588.

Context: He succeeded on the death of his father, George II, in 1585 when he was twelve years old.

Context: With his ascend to the throne, Leon faced a revolt by his own uncle, Constantine, who defied the royal authority and took control of Upper Imereti.

Context: Leon made an alliance with the Mingrelian prince Mamia IV Dadiani, married his sister Marekhi, and forced Constantine to surrender in 1587.

Context: A year later, Imereti was invaded by Simon I, the resurgent king of Kartli in eastern Georgia, who sought to reunify all Georgian lands under his crown.

Context: Leon was forced to flee to the highland province of Lechkhumi, but was soon able to resume the throne after Simon had to return to Kartli.

Context: However, Leon soon quarreled with his brother-in-law Mamia IV Dadiani who defeated the king and imprisoned him at Fort Shkheti, Mingrelia, where he died in 1590.

Context: Constantine Doukas (usurper)

Context: Constantine Doukas (or Doux) (Greek: ) (died 913) was a prominent Byzantine general.

Context: In 904, he stopped the influential eunuch court official Samonas from defecting to the Arabs.

Context: In return, Samonas manipulated his father, Andronikos Doukas, into rebelling and fleeing to the Abbasid court in 906/7.

Context: Constantine followed his father to Baghdad , but soon escaped and returned to Byzantium, where he was restored by Leo VI the Wise to favour and entrusted with high military offices.

Context: Upon the death of the Emperor Alexander, Constantine with the support of several aristocrats unsuccessfully tried to usurp the throne from the young Constantine VII, but was killed in a clash with supporters of the legitimate emperor.

Context: Separate Saga of St. Olaf

Context: The Separate (or Independent) Saga of St. Olaf "(Olav den helliges saga") is one of the kings' sagas.

Context: It was written about King Olaf II of Norway ("Olaf Haraldsson"), later Saint Olaf ("Olav den Hellige"), patron saint of Norway.

Context: Constantine II of Scotland

Context: Constantine, son of Áed (Medieval Gaelic: "Constantín mac Áeda"; Modern Gaelic: "Còiseam mac Aoidh", known in most modern regnal lists as Constantine II; died 952) was an early King of Scotland, known then by the Gaelic name "Alba".

Context: The Kingdom of Alba, a name which first appears in Constantine's lifetime, was in northern Great Britain.

Context: The core of the kingdom was formed by the lands around the River Tay.

Context: Its southern limit was the River Forth, northwards it extended towards the Moray Firth and perhaps to Caithness, while its western limits are uncertain.

Context: Constantine's grandfather Kenneth I of Scotland (Cináed mac Ailpín, died 858) was the first of the family recorded as a king, but as king of the Picts.

Context: This change of title, from king of the Picts to king of Alba, is part of a broader transformation of Pictland and the origins of the Kingdom of Alba are traced to Constantine's lifetime.

Context: St. Olaf Band

Context: The St. Olaf Band, an ensemble of approximately 90 musicians, is the touring concert band of St. Olaf College, Northfield, Minnesota.

Context: The band was founded in 1891, and holds the honor of being the first music organization established at St. Olaf.

Context: F. Melius Christiansen assumed leadership of the band in 1903.

Context: In 1906, Christiansen took the St. Olaf Band on tour to Norway to play for King Haakon VII, making it the first college music ensemble to conduct a tour abroad.

Context: Prince Constantine of Imereti (1789–1844)

Context: Constantine (Georgian: კონსტანტინე , "Konstantine"; Russian: Константин Давидович Имеретинский , "Konstantin Davidovich Imeretinsky") (4 July 1789 – 3 May 1844) was a Georgian royal prince ("batonishvili"), belonging to the Imereti branch of the Bagrationi dynasty.

Context: A son of King David II of Imereti, Constantine was recognized as heir apparent by Solomon II, who had supplanted his father.

Context: Constantine's succession to the throne of Imereti was precluded by the Russian annexation of that country in 1810.

Context: Constantine subsequently entered the Russian Imperial military service, where he rose to the rank of Major-General.

Context: Constantine Bay

Context: Constantine Bay (Cornish: Eglos Costentin , meaning "church of St Constantine") is a village and beach on the Atlantic coast of north Cornwall, England, United Kingdom.

Context: It is situated approximately three miles (5 km) west of Padstow and is in the parish of St Merryn.

Context: The beach is popular with surfers and has lifeguard patrols in the summer.

Context: Constantine Bay is named after Saint Constantine, a 6th-century Cornish saint possibly identified with a minor British king Constantine.

Context: St Constantine's Well, an historic site, is accessible by public right of way on Trevose Golf Club's golf course.

Context: The area was a favourite holiday location of Margaret Thatcher during her premiership and also of former Prime Minister David Cameron.


Answer: Niger–Congo

Question: The people for whom pap is a staple food speak a language that is a major branch of what language family?

Context: Apurinã language

Context: Apurinã (Ipurina) is a Southern Maipurean language spoken by the Apurinã people of the Amazon basin.

Context: It has an active–stative syntax.

Context: Apurinã is a Portuguese word used to describe the Popikariwakori people and the language they speak (Facundes 34, 2000).

Context: Apurinã indigenous communities are predominantly found along the Purus river in the Northwestern Amazon region in Brazil, in the Amazonas state (Pickering 2, 2009).

Context: Its population is currently spread over twenty-seven different indigenous lands along the Purus river (Apurinã PIB).

Context: with an estimated population of 9,500 people in total.

Context: It is predicted however that less than 30% of the Apurinã population is able to speak the language fluently (Facundes 35, 2000).

Context: A definite number of speakers cannot be firmly determined due to a regional scattered presence of its people.

Context: The spread of Apurinã speakers to different regions was due initially to conflict or disease, which consequently led natives to lose the ability to speak the language due to lack of practice and interactions with other communities.

Context: Secondly, as a consequence of violence and oppression towards indigenous people, some natives and descendants choose to not identify themselves as indigenous further reducing the number of people that are categorized as speaking the language (Facundes 23, 2000).

Context: The consequence of this low transmission and cultivation of the language results is the risk of endangerment.

Context: The endangerment level of Apurinã is currently at level 3 (Facundes 4, 2000), meaning that although adults still speak the language, children are no longer being exposed to it and are being taught Portuguese or Spanish instead.

Context: This could consequently lead to a further reduction in the number of people that speak the language over the years and eventually lead it go become extinct.

Context: Sadza

Context: Sadza in Shona (isitshwala in isiNdebele, or pap, vuswa or bogobe in South Africa, or nsima in Chichewa language, or Ugali in East Africa) or phaletšhe in Botswana, is a cooked cornmeal that is the staple food in Zimbabwe and other parts of Southern Africa.

Context: Staple food

Context: A staple food, or simply a staple, is a food that is eaten routinely and in such quantities that it constitutes a dominant portion of a standard diet for a given people, supplying a large fraction of energy needs and generally forming a significant proportion of the intake of other nutrients as well.

Context: The staple food of a specific society may be eaten as often as every day or every meal, and most people live on a diet based on just a small number of staples.

Context: Laomian language

Context: Laomian (also known as Bisu, Guba or Lawmeh) is a Sino-Tibetan language and is a Chinese derivation of the Lahu name Lawmeh.

Context: Laomian is closely related to the Bisu language, is spoken in Laomian Dazhai 老缅大寨, Zhutang Township 竹塘乡, Lancang County, Yunnan.

Context: There are 4,000 speakers (out of 5,000 ethnic members) in central Lancang County, Yunnan (Bradley 2007), and fewer than 1,000 Laopin speakers, which may not be included in these numbers.

Context: It's language family consists of Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Ngwi-Burmese, Ngwi, Southern, Bisoid, Bisu-Pyen-Laomian, Bisu, Pyen, and Laomian.

Context: It is mostly spoken in China in the Southwestern areas of Yunnan Province that joins Thailand and Myanmar.

Context: Speakers of Laomian that live in areas with different ethnic groups mostly speak Laomian in their home, while using the main local ethnic language in public.

Context: The average age of Laomian speakers is increasing into the sixties to seventies in areas of heterogeneous communities because children are learning the main local language.

Context: The domination of Chinese language has had a major impact on the villages of the Laomian people due to the increasing amount of people who can speak multiple languages.

Context: Indo-Iranians

Context: Indo-Iranian peoples, also known as Indo-Iranic peoples by scholars, and sometimes as Arya from their self-designation, were an ethno-linguistic group who brought the Indo-Iranian languages, a major branch of the Indo-European language family, to major parts of Eurasia.

Context: Papeda (food)

Context: Papeda or bubur sagu, is sago congee, the staple food of native people in Maluku and Papua.

Context: It is commonly found in eastern Indonesia, as the counterpart of central and western Indonesian cuisines that favour rice as their staple food.

Context: Pap (food)

Context: Pap , also known as mieliepap (Afrikaans for maize porridge) in South Africa or Sadza in Shona or Isitshwala in Isindebele language in Zimbabwe, or Ogi/ Akamu in Nigeria or phaletšhe in Botswana is a traditional porridge/polenta made from mielie-meal (ground maize) and a staple food of the Bantu peoples of Southern Africa (the Afrikaans word "pap" is taken from Dutch and simply means "porridge").

Context: Many traditional Southern Africa dishes include pap, such as smooth maize meal porridge (also called "slap pap" or soft porridge), pap with a very thick consistency that can be held in the hand ("stywe pap" or firm porridge) and a more dry crumbly phuthu pap.

Context: Phuthu dishes are usually found in the coastal areas of South Africa.

Context: Bantu peoples

Context: Bantu peoples is used as a general label for the 300–600 ethnic groups in Africa who speak Bantu languages.

Context: They inhabit a geographical area stretching east and southward from Central Africa across the African Great Lakes region down to Southern Africa.

Context: Bantu is a major branch of the Niger–Congo language family spoken by most populations in Africa.

Context: There are about 650 Bantu languages by the criterion of mutual intelligibility, though the distinction between language and dialect is often unclear, and "Ethnologue" counts 535 languages.

Context: Quechuan languages

Context: Quechua , also known as runa simi ("people's language"), is an indigenous language family, with variations spoken by the Quechua peoples, primarily living in the Andes and highlands of South America.

Context: Derived from a common ancestral language, it is the most widely spoken language family of indigenous peoples of the Americas, with a total of probably some 8–10 million speakers.

Context: Approximately 13% of Peruvians speak Quechua.

Context: It is perhaps most widely known for being the main language of the Inca Empire, and was disseminated by the colonizers throughout their reign.

Context: Plakali

Context: Plakali is a staple food mainly prepared by the Ahanta and Nzema peoples of the Western region of Ghana.

Context: It consists of cassava dough cooked in hot water, and it is similar to banku, another Ghanaian staple food.

Context: Plakali is eaten with palm nut or groundnut soup.


Answer: Scotch Collie

Question: Which dog's ancestors include Gordon and Irish Setters: the Manchester Terrier or the Scotch Collie?

Context: Scotch Collie

Context: The Scotch Collie is a landrace breed of dog which originated from the highland regions of Scotland.

Context: The breed consisted of both the long-haired (now known as Rough) Collie and the short-haired (now known as Smooth) Collie.

Context: It is generally believed to have descended from a variety of ancient herding dogs, some dating back to the Roman occupation, which may have included Roman Cattle Dogs, Native Celtic Dogs and Viking Herding Spitzes.

Context: Other ancestors include the Gordon and Irish Setters.

Context: Collie

Context: The collie is a distinctive type of herding dog, including many related landraces and standardised breeds.

Context: The type originated in Scotland and Northern England.

Context: The collie is a medium-sized, fairly lightly built dog, with a pointed snout.

Context: Many types have a distinctive white pattern over the shoulders.

Context: Collies are very active and agile, and most types of collies have a very strong herding instinct.

Context: Collie breeds have spread through many parts of the world (especially Australia and North America) and have diversified into many varieties, sometimes with mixture from other dog types.

Context: Some collie breeds have remained as working dogs, used for herding cattle, sheep and other livestock, while others are kept as pets, show dogs or for dog sports, in which they display great agility, stamina and trainability.

Context: While the AKC has a breed they call "Collie", in fact collie dogs are a distinctive type of herding dog including many related landraces and formal breeds.

Context: There are usually major distinctions between show dogs and those bred for herding trials or dog sports.

Context: They typically display great agility, stamina and trainability and more importantly sagacity.

Context: Viol

Context: The viol , viola da gamba ] , or (informally) gamba, is any one of a family of bowed, fretted and stringed instruments with hollow wooden bodies and pegboxes where the tension on the strings can be increased or decreased to adjust the pitch of each of the strings.

Context: Frets on the viol are usually made of gut, tied on the fingerboard around the instrument's neck, to enable the performer to stop the strings more cleanly.

Context: Frets improve consistency of intonation and lend the stopped notes a tone which better matches the open strings.

Context: Viols first appeared in Spain in the mid to late 15th century and were most popular in the Renaissance and Baroque (1600-1750) periods.

Context: Early ancestors include the Arabic "rebab" and the medieval European vielle, but later, more direct possible ancestors include the Venetian "viole" and the 15th- and 16th-century Spanish "vihuela", a 6-course plucked instrument tuned like a lute (and also like a present-day viol) that looked like but was quite distinct from (at that time) the 4-course guitar (an earlier chordophone).

Context: Toy Manchester Terrier

Context: The Toy Manchester Terrier is a breed of dog, categorized as a terrier.

Context: The breed was bred down in size in North America from the Manchester Terrier, and is placed in the Toy Group by the American Kennel Club and the Canadian Kennel Club (the Manchester Terrier is placed in the Terrier Group.)

Context: Neither the Fédération Cynologique Internationale nor The Kennel Club recognize a Toy variety of the Manchester Terrier.

Context: Irish Red and White Setter

Context: The Irish Red and White Setter () is a breed of dog, more specifically a setter.

Context: As with all the setters and the Pointer, it is classified as a gundog in the UK and is included in the sporting group in America and Canada.

Context: It is virtually identical in use and temperament to the related Irish Setter and its other setter cousins, the Gordon and English setters, but is more often found as a working gun dog.

Context: English Setter

Context: The English Setter is a medium size breed of dog.

Context: It is part of the Setter family, which includes the red Irish Setters, Irish Red and White Setters, and black-and-tan Gordon Setters.

Context: The mainly white body coat is of medium length with long silky fringes on the back of the legs, under the belly and on the tail.

Context: The coat features flecks of colour, and the different colour varieties are referred to as belton.

Context: Russkiy Toy

Context: The Russian Toy (also known as the Russian Toy Terrier, and in Russia as the Russkiy Toy, Toychik,Russian: Русский той, Тойчик ) is a very small breed of dog originally bred in Russia from the English Toy Terrier which is known today as the Manchester Terrier.

Context: There are two types of coats in the breed: smooth coat and long coat.

Context: The smooth-coated variety was previously known as the Russian Toy Terrier and long-coated as the Moscow Long Haired Toy Terrier.

Context: Both were brought together under the same Russian Toy Terrier name in 1988 and the "Terrier" was dropped from the name when the breed was added in 2006 to the official list of breeds registered with the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and has been registered in the Foundation Stock Service of the American Kennel Club since 2008, allowed to compete in AKC companion events since 2010.

Context: The first official breed standard of the two varieties was written in 1966 in Russia.

Context: Teddy Roosevelt Terrier

Context: The Teddy Roosevelt Terrier is a small to medium-sized American hunting terrier.

Context: Lower-set with shorter legs, more muscular, and heavier bone density than its cousin the American Rat Terrier.

Context: There is much diversity in the history of the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier breed and it shares a common early history with the American Rat Terrier, Fox Paulistinha and Tenterfield Terrier.

Context: It is said the Rat Terrier background stems from the terriers or other dogs that were brought over by early English and other working class immigrants.

Context: Since the breed was a farm, hunting and utility dog there was little to no planned breeding other than breeding dogs with agreeable traits to each other in order to produce the desired work ethic in the dog.

Context: It is assumed that the Feist (dog), Bull Terrier, Smooth Fox Terrier, Manchester Terrier, Whippet, Italian Greyhound, the now extinct English White Terrier, Turnspit dog and or Wry Legged Terrier all share in the Teddy Roosevelt Terrier's ancestry.

Context: These early Ratting Terriers were then most likely bred to the Beagle or Beagle cross bred dogs (for increased scenting ability) and other dogs.

Context: Maximizing the influences from these various breeds provides the modern Teddy Roosevelt Terrier with a keen sense of awareness and prey drive, an acute sense of smell and a very high intellect.

Context: Although they tend to be aloof with strangers they are devoted companion dogs with a strong desire to please and be near their owners side at all times.

Context: Feist (dog)

Context: A Feist is a small hunting dog, descended from the terriers brought over to the United States by English miners and other working class immigrants.

Context: These terriers probably included crosses between the Smooth Fox Terrier, the Manchester Terrier and the now extinct English White Terrier.

Context: These dogs were used as ratters, and gambling on their prowess in killing rats was a favorite hobby of their owners.

Context: Some of these dogs have been crossed with Whippets or Italian Greyhounds (for speed) and Beagles (for hunting ability) - extending the family to include a larger variety of purpose than the original ratter, or Rat Terrier.

Context: Florence Nagle

Context: Florence Nagle (26 October 1894 – 30 October 1988) was a trainer and breeder of racehorses, a breeder of pedigree dogs, and an active feminist.

Context: Nagle purchased her first Irish Wolfhound in 1913, and went on to own or breed twenty-one United Kingdom Champions.

Context: Best in Show at Crufts in 1960 was awarded to Sulhamstead Merman, who was bred, owned and exhibited by Nagle.

Context: She also competed successfully in field trials with Irish Setters, from the 1920s until the mid-1960s resulting in eighteen Field Trial Champions.

Context: The male dog who was a linchpin in the 1970s revival of the Irish Red and White Setter breed was descended from one of Nagle's Irish Setters.


Answer: Hopi

Question: Arizona State Route 51 (SR 51) is named after a Native American woman belonging to what tribe?

Context: Nevada State Route 51 (1960s)

Context: State Route 51 is the previous designation for parts of State Routes 225 and 278.

Context: It was renumbered from SR 43 and parts of SR 11 and SR 20 to match with Idaho State Route 51.

Context: Old SR 51 was renumbered to SR 93.

Context: California State Route 244

Context: State Route 244 (SR 244) is a short unsigned freeway connection northeast of Sacramento, California, United States.

Context: It connects the junction of Interstate 80 and Interstate 80 Business (State Route 51) with Auburn Boulevard (the old Lincoln Highway - former U.S. Route 40/U.S. Route 99E).

Context: SR 244 was first added to the state highway system in 1959 as Legislative Route 288, and was renumbered as SR 244 in the 1964 renumbering.

Context: Portions of this route have been removed from the system as late as 1994.

Context: Tennessee State Route 51

Context: State Route 51 (SR 51) is a rural secondary north–south state highway that traverses part of northwestern Clay County in Middle Tennessee.

Context: It is 1.91 mi long.

Context: Pennsylvania Route 51

Context: Pennsylvania Route 51 (PA 51) is a major state highway in Western Pennsylvania.

Context: It runs for 89 mi from Uniontown to the Ohio state line near Darlington, where it connects with Ohio State Route 14.

Context: Route 51 is the termination point for Pennsylvania Route 43, Pennsylvania Route 48 and Pennsylvania Route 88.

Context: Century III Mall is located on this road in West Mifflin.

Context: The Route is a major connection from Uniontown and the rest of Fayette County to Pittsburgh.

Context: Virginia State Route 51

Context: State Route 51 (SR 51) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.

Context: Known as Westover Drive, the state highway runs 6.20 mi between a pair of intersections with U.S. Route 58 Business (US 58 Business) in Pittsylvania County west of Danville and within Danville.

Context: SR 51 is the original alignment of US 58 through the western part of Danville.

Context: Georgia State Route 51

Context: State Route 51 (SR 51) is a 63.6 mi state highway that travels west-to-east through portions of Hall, Banks, Franklin, and Hart counties in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia.

Context: The highway connects Lula with Lake Hartwell, via Homer, Carnesville, and Hartwell.

Context: Arizona State Route 51

Context: Arizona State Route 51 (SR 51), also known as the Piestewa Freeway, is a numbered state highway in Phoenix, Arizona.

Context: It connects Interstate 10 just outside Downtown Phoenix with Loop 101 on the north side of Phoenix, making it one of the area's major freeways.

Context: It is a largely north–south route and is known for traversing the Piestewa Peak Recreation Area.

Context: The peak was named after Lori Piestewa, the first Native American woman to die in combat in the U.S. Military.

Context: Prior to this time, the freeway was known as the Squaw Peak Parkway, a name considered offensive by many Native Americans.

Context: Rapid growth and increased traffic demand on the east side of Metro Phoenix made the Piestewa Freeway necessary.

Context: Mini Stack

Context: The Mini Stack is the freeway interchange among Interstate 10, State Route 51, and Loop 202 in Phoenix, Arizona, United States, located northeast of downtown.

Context: Reconstructed in 2004 to its current setup, the interchange, which is the busiest in the state of Arizona with over 300,000 vehicles per day, provides full directional access between the three freeways as well as HOV lane connections for southbound SR 51 to eastbound I-10, westbound I-10 to northbound SR 51, westbound Loop 202 to westbound I-10, and eastbound I-10 to eastbound Loop 202.

Context: Alabama State Route 51

Context: State Route 51 (SR 51) is a 114.183 mi state highway in the southeastern and east-central parts of the U.S. state of Alabama.

Context: The southern terminus of the highway is at an intersection with U.S. Route 84 (US 84) near New Brockton.

Context: The northern terminus of the highway is at an interchange with I-85/US 29/US 280 at Opelika.

Context: Ohio State Route 51

Context: State Route 51 (SR 51) is a northwest-southeast highway (signed north-south) in northwest Ohio.

Context: Its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 20 just south of Elmore, Ohio, and its northern terminus is at its interchange, along with State Route 184, at U.S. Route 23 in Sylvania, Ohio.

Context: Before an ODOT signage project in 2010, the northern (western) portion of the route, from its northern (western) terminus to the Maumee River was signed as an east-west route.

Context: The portion from the Maumee to its southern (eastern) terminus was signed north-south.

Context: ODOT has now signed all portions as north-south.


Answer: "Dr. Death" Steve Williams

Question: Which wrestler, who died in 2009, featured on the wrestling show Starrcade?

Context: Starrcade (1984)

Context: Starrcade (1984) was a major professional wrestling show broadcast live on closed-circuit television that took place on November 22, 1984.

Context: The show was promoted by Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP) under the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) banner and took place at the Greensboro Coliseum in Greensboro, North Carolina.

Context: The main event of the show was billed as "the Million Dollar Challenge" as the storyline was that the winner of the match would not only win the NWA World Heavyweight Championship but also win a $1,000,000 purse, part of the illusion that professional wrestling was a legitimate sporting competition.

Context: The main event saw champion "The Nature Boy" Ric Flair defend the championship against long time rival "The American Dream" Dusty Rhodes, with boxer Joe Frazier acting as the special guest referee for the match.

Context: The show also saw the championship matches for the NWA United States Championship, NWA World Television Championship, NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship, NWA Brass Knuckles Championship and NWA Mid-Atlantic Heavyweight Championship.

Context: Quicksilver (wrestler)

Context: Richard "Rick" Clements is a retired American professional wrestler better known by his ring name Quicksilver.

Context: He was based out of the California independent circuit, working for promotions such as Alternative Wrestling Show, Revolution Pro Wrestling, Southern California Championship Wrestling and Battle Ground Pro Wrestling but also worked for major East Coast indy promotions such as Jersey All Pro Wrestling and CZW.

Context: He is best known for his appearances with Pro Wrestling Guerrilla.

Context: Starrcade (1997)

Context: Starrcade (1997) was the fifteenth annual Starrcade professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event.

Context: It was the tenth Starrcade event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and it took place on December 28, 1997 from the MCI Center in Washington, D.C.

Context: It featured the ongoing storyline between WCW and the New World Order (nWo) organization.

Context: Starrcade

Context: Starrcade is a recurring professional wrestling event, originally broadcast via closed-circuit television and eventually broadcast via pay-per-view television, held from 1983 to 2000 by the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) and later World Championship Wrestling (WCW).

Context: Starrcade was regarded by the NWA and WCW as their flagship event of the year, much in the same vein that its rival, the World Wrestling Federation, regarded WrestleMania.

Context: As a result, the buildup to each Starrcade featured the largest feuds of the promotion.

Context: WCW/New Japan Supershow

Context: WCW/New Japan Supershow was an annual professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) jointly promoted by American Atlanta, Georgia based World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and the Japanese New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW) wrestling promotions.

Context: It was held in 1991, 1992 and 1993, and was promoted as "Starrcade" in Japan, but not billed as such in the United States due to WCW already having a show called "Starrcade" held each year in December.

Context: The show would be taped in Japan and then edited and aired in North America at a later date in WCW.

Context: The last two of this three events were also the two first January 4 Dome Show.

Context: Starrcade (1996)

Context: Starrcade (1996) was the fourteenth annual Starrcade professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event.

Context: It was the ninth Starrcade event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and it took place on December 29, 1996 from the Nashville Municipal Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee.

Context: The event featured the New World Order (nWo) stable, which formed in July.

Context: Human Tornado

Context: Craig Williams (born May 1, 1983), better known by his ring name, Human Tornado, is an American professional wrestler.

Context: His character was that of a stereotypical 1970s blaxploitation street pimp.

Context: He performed primarily on the Californian independent circuit, most prominently for Pro Wrestling Guerrilla (PWG), Empire Wrestling Federation, and Alternative Wrestling Show.

Context: In addition, he also performed for Ring of Honor, Combat Zone Wrestling, Jersey All Pro Wrestling, and the short-lived MTV promotion Wrestling Society X.

Context: Starrcade (1983)

Context: Starrcade (1983) was the first annual Starrcade professional wrestling event.

Context: It was produced under the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) banner by Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP).

Context: The event took place on November 24, 1983 at the Greensboro Coliseum in Greensboro, North Carolina and was broadcast on closed-circuit television around the Southern United States.

Context: Eight professional wrestling matches were featured.

Context: Starrcade (1994)

Context: Starrcade (1994): Triple Threat was a major professional wrestling show, broadcast on pay-per-view (PPV) that took place on December 27, 1994 from the Nashville Municipal Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee.

Context: The show was produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and was the 12th overall show under that banner since its inception in 1983.

Context: The main event of the show was WCW World Heavyweight Champion Hulk Hogan defending the title against his former friend-turned-rival The Butcher.

Context: The show also included Jim Duggan defending the WCW United States Championship against Vader and Johnny B. Badd defending the WCW World Television Championship against Arn Anderson.

Context: Starrcade (1992)

Context: Starrcade (1992): BattleBowl/The Lethal Lottery II was a major annual professional wrestling show, broadcast on pay-per-view (PPV) that took place on December 28, 1992, from The Omni in Atlanta, Georgia.

Context: The show was produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and was the 10th overall show under that banner since its inception in 1983.

Context: The focus of the show was the second ever "Lethal Lottery" / "Battle Bowl" tournament where randomly paired tag teams competed for a spot in the Battle Bowl battle royal at the end of the night.

Context: The show also saw Ron Simmons defend the WCW World Heavyweight Championship against "Dr. Death" Steve Williams, the team of Shane Douglas and Ricky Steamboat putting the WCW World Tag Team Championship on the line against the team of Brian Pillman and Barry Windham and Masahiro Chono defend the NWA World Heavyweight Championship against The Great Muta.

Context: In addition Sting faced off against Vader in the finals of the ""King of Cable"" tournament.


Answer: Rockstar San Diego

Question: Paul DeBoy is known for an appearance in the Western action-adventure game developed by which company?

Context: Higemaru Makaijima - Nanatsu no Shima Daibōken

Context: Higemaru Makaijima (魔界島 七つの島大冒険 , "Makaijima Nanatsu no Shima Daibōken" , lit.

Context: Hell Island: Great Adventure of 7 Islands) is an action-adventure game developed for the Famicom and MSX home computer, and released by Capcom in 1987.

Context: It is a sequel to a 1984 arcade game developed by Capcom known as "Pirate Ship Higemaru".

Context: Neither the arcade game, nor this adventure adaptation were released outside Japan, although a prototype exists for a canceled North American NES release, where it was to be renamed ""Makai Island"".

Context: Red Dead Redemption

Context: Red Dead Redemption is a Western action-adventure video game developed by Rockstar San Diego and published by Rockstar Games.

Context: It was released for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles in May 2010.

Context: It is the second title in the "Red Dead" franchise, after 2004's "Red Dead Revolver".

Context: The game, set during the decline of the American Frontier in the year 1911, follows John Marston, a former outlaw whose wife and son are taken hostage by the government in ransom for his services as a hired gun.

Context: Having no other choice, Marston sets out to bring the three members of his former gang to justice.

Context: Red Dead Redemption II

Context: Red Dead Redemption II is an upcoming western action-adventure video game developed and published by Rockstar Games for release on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One in Q2 2018.

Context: The game is a prequel to the 2010 title "Red Dead Redemption" and will be the third entry in the "Red Dead" series.

Context: It follows outlaw Arthur Morgan, a member of the Dutch van der Linde gang.

Context: Rise of the Kasai

Context: Rise of the Kasai is an action-adventure game developed by BottleRocket Entertainment and published by Sony Computer Entertainment America exclusively for PlayStation 2.

Context: The game serves as a followup to the 2002 action-adventure game "The Mark of Kri".

Context: On March 8, 2016 It was re-released on the PlayStation 4.

Context: Rugrats: Royal Ransom

Context: Rugrats Royal Ransom is a 2002 action-adventure game developed by Avalanche Software and published by THQ for the PlayStation 2 and GameCube.

Context: The game was released on November 26, 2002, and is based on the "Rugrats" television series, which ran from 1991 to 2004 on Nickelodeon.

Context: The game's plot is loosely based on "".

Context: It is also the first and only Rugrats video game on the PlayStation 2 and Nintendo GameCube, as well as the last Rugrats video game on home consoles.

Context: Romancia

Context: Romancia (ロマンシア ) , also known as Dragon Slayer Jr., is an action-adventure game developed by Nihon Falcom in 1986 for the PC-8801, PC-9801, MSX, and Sharp X1 computers.

Context: A later Famicom version was developed by Compile and published by Tokyo Shoseki.

Context: An enhanced remake was released for Windows in 1999 by Unbalance.

Context: It is the third in the "Dragon Slayer" series, preceded by "" and followed by "Dragon Slayer IV".

Context: "Romancia" is a simpler and brightly colored game in comparison to the other "Dragon Slayer" titles, hence the name "Dragon Slayer Jr."

Context: Paul DeBoy

Context: Paul DeBoy (born September 14, 1955 in Baltimore, Maryland) is an American actor.

Context: He is best known for appearances in "A Dirty Shame" as Wendell Doggett, "Red Dead Redemption" as Jimmy Saint, "Haber" as Bernhard Moritz and for episodes of "Law & Order" and "Law & Order Trial by Jury".

Context: DeBoy is a member of Naked Angels Tuesdays@9.

Context: Undead Nightmare

Context: Undead Nightmare is an expansion pack to the 2010 video game "Red Dead Redemption".

Context: As a standalone episode, it adds a zombie horror-themed single-player campaign, two multiplayer modes, and cosmetic additions to the environments and characters of the open world Western action-adventure game.

Context: The alternate timeline story follows the returning protagonist and former outlaw John Marston as he seeks to find the cause and cure for a zombie plague that has infected his wife and son.

Context: Marston liberates towns overrun by the undead and assists other non-playable characters with quests along the way.

Context: The Legend of Kage 2

Context: The Legend of Kage 2 (影之伝説 , Kage no Densetsu 2 ) is a Japanese action-adventure game developed by Lancarse for the Nintendo DS, and published by Taito in 2008.

Context: Taito's parent company, Square Enix, published a North American localization of the game later that year.

Context: "The Legend of Kage 2" is the sequel to "The Legend of Kage" (1985), an arcade game developed and distributed by Taito.

Context: Red Dead Revolver

Context: Red Dead Revolver is a 2004 western action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by Rockstar San Diego, published by Rockstar Games and distributed by Take-Two Interactive for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox.

Context: It is the first game in the "Red Dead" series.


Answer: Tommy

Question: What song from the fourth studio album made by The Who reached No.4 on the UK charts and No. 19 o nthe U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100?

Context: Far East Movement

Context: Far East Movement (abbreviated FM) is an American hip hop and electronic music group based in Los Angeles.

Context: The group formed in 2003 and consists of Kev Nish (Kevin Nishimura), Prohgress (James Roh) and DJ Virman (Virman Coquia).

Context: Their single "Like a G6", featuring pop-rap duo The Cataracs and singer Dev hit number one on both the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart and on the iTunes chart in late October 2010, making them the first Asian-American group to earn a number one hit on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart.

Context: Among their other chart toppers are: "Rocketeer" featuring Ryan Tedder of One Republic (peaked at #7 on Billboard), "Turn Up the Love" (#2 on the UK Charts), and their 2012 remix to the song "Get Up (Rattle)" by the Bingo Players, also hit #1 on the UK Charts.

Context: B*Witched discography

Context: The discography of B*Witched, an Irish pop girl group, consists of two studio album, one extended play and one compilation.

Context: The group released their debut single "C'est la Vie" on 25 May 1998.

Context: Despite mixed reviews, it reached Number 1 on the UK charts, making them the youngest female group ever to do so, and also made Number 9 in the US.

Context: Subsequent singles "Rollercoaster", "To You I Belong" and "Blame It on the Weatherman" also topped the UK charts.

Context: The group's debut album, "B*Witched", was released in October 1998, reaching Number 3 in the UK charts and was certified Double Platinum in the UK and Platinum in the US.

Context: B*Witched's second album, "Awake and Breathe", released almost exactly a year after their debut, peaked at Number 5 on the charts and was certified Platinum.

Context: Singles from the album were less successful than earlier releases ("Jesse Hold On" reached Number 4, "I Shall Be There" Number 13 and "Jump Down" Number 16 in the UK).

Context: The latter two appeared on their new American EP, "Across America 2000", along with live tracks and the earlier cover of "Does Your Mother Know".

Context: However, in September 2002, the group officially split when O'Carroll decided to leave the band.

Context: Train discography

Context: American pop rock band Train has released ten studio albums, two live albums, one video album, four extended plays, 30 singles, four promotional singles, and 26 music videos.

Context: The band independently released their eponymous debut studio album in 1996, two years after their formation.

Context: In February 1998, the band signed to Aware Records and Columbia Records and re-released the album under the two labels.

Context: Three singles were released from "Train"; the album's second single, "Meet Virginia", peaked at number 20 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100.

Context: The album peaked at number 76 on the US "Billboard" 200 and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Context: In the period following the release of "Train", producer Brendan O'Brien started working with the band in a partnership that would last for three albums.

Context: The band released their second studio album "Drops of Jupiter" in March 2001; it was preceded by the release of its lead single, "Drops of Jupiter (Tell Me)".

Context: The single became a commercial success, peaking at number five on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 and also becoming a top ten hit in Australia, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.

Context: "Drops of Jupiter (Tell Me)" also won an award for Best Rock Song at the 44th Grammy Awards.

Context: The album peaked at number six on the "Billboard" 200, earning a double platinum certification from the RIAA. "

Context: She's on Fire", the third single from "Drops of Jupiter", achieved moderate success in Australia and the UK.

Context: Train's third studio album, "My Private Nation", was released in June 2003.

Context: It peaked at number six on the "Billboard" 200 and was certified platinum by the RIAA.

Context: The album's first two singles, "Calling All Angels" and "When I Look to the Sky", peaked at numbers 19 and 74 respectively on the "Billboard" Hot 100.

Context: The band released their fourth studio album "For Me, It's You" in January 2006.

Context: The album peaked at number 10 on the "Billboard" 200 and spawned three singles.

Context: Danity Kane discography

Context: The discography of Danity Kane, an American R&B group, consists of two studio album, five singles, and four music videos. Danity Kane were formed in 2005 during the third season of the reality television series "Making the Band", and consisted of Aubrey O'Day, Wanita "D. Woods" Woodgett, Shannon Bex, Dawn Richard, and Aundrea Fimbres.

Context: The group disbanded in January 2009 during the fourth season of "Making the Band".

Context: The group released their self titled debut album in August 2006.

Context: The album reached number one on the United States "Billboard" 200 and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

Context: Danity Kane's debut single, "Show Stopper", which featured rapper Yung Joc, reached number eight on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100. "

Context: Ride for You", their second single, reached number 78 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. "

Context: Welcome to the Dollhouse", Danity Kane's second album, was released in March 2008.

Context: It reached number one on the "Billboard" 200 and was certified gold by the RIAA.

Context: The album's lead single, "Damaged", reached number ten on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and was certified platinum by the RIAA.

Context: The group's fifth single, "Bad Girl", featured Missy Elliott and reached number 110 on the "Billboard" Hot 100.

Context: Jeremih

Context: Jeremy Felton (born July 17, 1987), better known by his mononym Jeremih ( ), is an American singer, songwriter, rapper and record producer.

Context: In 2009, he signed a record deal with Def Jam Recordings.

Context: Jeremih's commercial debut single, "Birthday Sex", peaked at number four on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 chart.

Context: His self-titled debut album reached number six on the US "Billboard" 200 chart.

Context: Jeremih's success continued with the release of his second album, "All About You", led by the single "Down on Me", which also reached the top five of the "Billboard" Hot 100.

Context: In 2014, his single "Don't Tell 'Em" became his third top-ten hit on the "Billboard" Hot 100.

Context: After multiple delays, Jeremih released his third studio album, "Late Nights" in 2015.

Context: He announced that he is working on a joint album with PartyNextDoor called "Late Night Party".

Context: He is also working on his fourth studio album, "Later That Night".

Context: Cars (song)

Context: "Cars" is a 1979 song by British artist Gary Numan, released as a single from the album "The Pleasure Principle".

Context: It reached the top of the charts in several countries, and today is considered a new wave staple.

Context: In the UK charts, it reached number 1 in 1979, and in 1980 hit number 1 in Canada two weeks running on the "RPM" national singles chart and rose to number 9 on the US "Billboard" Hot 100.

Context: Though Numan had a string of hits in the UK, "Cars" was his only song in the US Hot 100.

Context: It debuted on the American Top 40 on 29 March 1980 and spent a total of 17 weeks in the AT40, peaking at #9.

Context: "Cars" was released under the 'Atco' label, with the catalogue number of 7211.

Context: Lil Wayne singles discography

Context: American rapper Lil Wayne has released 200 singles – including 44 as a lead artist – and twelve promotional singles. Lil Wayne attained his first singles chart entry in 1999 as a featured artist on Hot Boys member Juvenile's single "Back That Azz Up", which peaked at number 19 on the United States "Billboard" Hot 100 and became a top ten hit on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and Hot Rap Songs charts.

Context: Wayne later released his debut solo studio album "Tha Block Is Hot" in November 1999.

Context: Its title track and lead single, which features B.G. and Juvenile, reached number 65 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. "

Context: Lights Out" followed in December 2000 and produced the singles "Get Off the Corner", "Everything" and "Shine". "

Context: Way of Life", the lead single from Wayne's third studio album "500 Degreez", peaked at number 71 on the Hot 100 and became a top 20 hit on the Hot Rap Songs chart.

Context: In 2004, Wayne was featured on the single "Soldier" by American girl group Destiny's Child, which became his first top ten hit on the Hot 100 and enjoyed commercial success internationally.

Context: Martina McBride discography

Context: The discography of American country artist Martina McBride consists of thirteen studio albums, one live album, four compilation albums, two video albums, three additional albums, forty five music videos, fifty one singles, sixteen other charting songs, and forty five album appearances.

Context: In 1991, she signed a recording contract with RCA Records, launching her debut studio album "The Time Has Come" in 1992.

Context: In September 1993, her second studio album "The Way That I Am" was issued.

Context: Its lead single "My Baby Loves Me" reached number two on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs chart, becoming her breakthrough hit.

Context: The third single "Independence Day" peaked in the top twenty and became McBride's signature song.

Context: The song's success elevated sales of "The Way That I Am" to platinum status from the Recording Industry Association of America. "

Context: Wild Angels" was released in September 1995 and reached number seventeen on the "Billboard" Top Country Albums chart.

Context: The album's title track became McBride's first song to top the Hot Country Songs list.

Context: McBride's fourth studio album "Evolution" was released in August 1997 and is her best-selling album to date, certifying three times platinum in the United States.

Context: The album spawned six singles which all became major hits including, "A Broken Wing", "Wrong Again", and "Whatever You Say".

Context: After releasing a holiday album, McBride's fifth studio album "Emotion" was issued in September 1999.

Context: The lead single "I Love You" topped the Hot Country Songs list, while also reaching minor positions on the Adult Contemporary and "Billboard" Hot 100 charts.

Context: List of songs recorded by Kesha

Context: American singer Kesha made her international debut in early 2009 featuring on the Flo Rida single, "Right Round", which reached number one in the United States on the "Billboard" Hot 100 and topped the charts in five other countries.

Context: Kesha's debut album, "Animal", released in January 2010, topped the Canadian and American charts, debuting at number one in its first week on the "Billboard" 200.

Context: The album's lead single, and Kesha's solo debut single, "Tik Tok", was released in August 2009 and reached number one in eleven countries and spent nine consecutive weeks on top of the "Billboard" Hot 100.

Context: Since its release in 2009, the song has sold 15 million copies worldwide, therefore making it the best-selling digital single of all time.

Context: The album spawned three more hit singles, "Blah Blah Blah", "Your Love Is My Drug" and "Take It Off".

Context: She topped eight charts on the 2010 "Billboard" Year-End Chart, including Top New Artists, Hot 100 Songs and Hot 100 Artists.

Context: Ain't Love a Bitch

Context: "Ain't Love a Bitch" is a song written by Gary Grainger and Rod Stewart.

Context: Stewart released it on his 1978 album "Blondes Have More Fun", and it was one of four songs on the album co-written by Stewart and Grainger.

Context: The song was released as a single in 1979, reaching #11 on the UK charts, and #22 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart in the United States.

Context: It spent 8 weeks on the UK charts and 6 weeks on the US charts.

Context: The song also reached the Top Ten in several countries, including Ireland.

Context: "Billboard" magazine placed Stewart #7 on its list of the Top Single Artists of 1979 on the strength of "Ain't Love a Bitch" and its predecessor, "Da Ya Think I'm Sexy?


Answer: 8 miles

Question: Southern California Logistics Airport is how many miles northwest of Victorville, California?

Context: The Federal Correctional Complex, Victorville (FCC Victorville) is a United States federal prison complex located in the Victor Valley of the Mojave Desert, in San Bernardino County, southern California.

Context: It is on part of the former George Air Force Base (1941−1992) near Victorville, approximately 85 mi northeast of Downtown Los Angeles.

Context: Abby Lee Miller is currently serving time there.

Context: ARCO

Context: Atlantic Richfield Company (ARCO) is an American oil company with operations in the United States, Indonesia, the North Sea, and the South China Sea.

Context: It has more than 1,300 gas stations in the western part of the United States.

Context: ARCO was formed by the merger of East Coast–based Atlantic Refining and California-based Richfield Oil Corporation in 1966.

Context: A merger in 1969 brought in Sinclair Oil Corporation.

Context: It became a subsidiary of UK-based BP plc in 2000 through its BP West Coast Products LLC (BPWCP) affiliate.

Context: On August 13, 2012, it was announced that Tesoro would purchase ARCO and its refinery for $2.5 billion.

Context: However, the deal came under fire due to increasing fuel prices.

Context: Many activists urged state and federal regulators to block the sale due to concerns that it would reduce competition and could lead to higher fuel prices at ARCO stations (ARCO stations make up more than half of all stations with the lowest fuel prices in California).

Context: On June 3, 2013, BP sold ARCO and the Carson Refinery to Tesoro for $2.5 billion.

Context: BP sold its Southern California terminals (Vinvale, Colton, San Diego, Hathaway, and Hynes) to Tesoro Logistics LP, including the Carson Storage Facility.

Context: BP will continue to own the ampm brand and sell it to Tesoro for Southern California, Arizona, and Nevada.

Context: BP exclusively licensed the ARCO rights from Tesoro for Northern California, Oregon, and Washington.

Context: Path 61

Context: Path 61 or the Lugo - Victorville 500 kV Line is a relatively short AC 500 kV power line that runs from Southern California Edison's (SCE) Lugo substation southwest of Hesperia to Los Angeles Department of Water and Power's (LADW&P) Victorville substation north of Victorville, California.

Context: The line is an important connection between two out of the four parts that make up the massive Path 46 transmission system in southeast California since the line allows power flow to be rerouted on Path 46 when necessary.

Context: Half of the length of the 500 kV power line is owned by SCE to the south and LADW&P to the north.

Context: The entire line is located in the Mojave Desert and the High Desert regions of California.

Context: George Air Force Base

Context: George Air Force Base is a former United States Air Force base located within the city limits, 8 miles northwest, of central Victorville, California, about 75 miles northeast of Los Angeles, California.

Context: DARPA Grand Challenge (2007)

Context: The third driverless car competition of the DARPA Grand Challenge, was commonly known as the DARPA Urban Challenge.

Context: It took place on November 3, 2007 at the site of the now-closed George Air Force Base (currently used as Southern California Logistics Airport), in Victorville, California (Google map), in the West of the United States.

Context: Discovery's Science channel followed a few of the teams and covered the Urban Challenge in its Robocars series.

Context: Canoas Creek (Fresno County, California)

Context: Canoas Creek formerly known as Arroyo de Las Canoas (Creek of the Troughs) is a creek in Fresno County, California.

Context: Its source is on the north slope of Black Mountain, 1.25 miles west of Zwang Peak in the Diablo Range.

Context: Its course in its canyon, runs almost directly northeast through Reef Ridge and the Kreyenhagen Hills, from which it flows north northeast into the Kettleman Plain where it turns north northwest 4.6 miles northwest of Avenal near the Kettleman Hills to terminate in the Kettleman Plain, 7.1 miles northwest of Avenal and 3000 feet east of Zapato Chino Creek.

Context: Rincon Oil Field

Context: The Rincon Oil Field is a large oil field on the coast of southern California, about ten miles northwest of the city of Ventura, and about 20 miles east-southeast of the city of Santa Barbara.

Context: It is the westernmost onshore field in a series of three fields which follow the Ventura Anticline, an east-west trending feature paralleling the Transverse Ranges.

Context: Discovered in 1927, the oil field is ranked 36th in California by size of recoverable oil reserves, and while mostly depleted – now having, by California Department of Conservation estimates, only about 2.5% of its original oil – it remains productive, with 77 wells active at the beginning of 2008.

Context: Oil produced in the field flows through the M-143 pipeline, which parallels U.S. Highway 101 southeast to the Ventura Pump Station, at which point it joins a Tosco pipeline which carries it to Los Angeles area refineries.

Context: As of 2009, the primary operators of the field were Occidental Petroleum for the onshore portion, and Greka Energy for the offshore portion.

Context: The offshore part of the field is operated mainly from Rincon Island.

Context: Southern California Logistics Airport

Context: Southern California Logistics Airport (IATA: VCV, ICAO: KVCV) , also known as Victorville Airport, is a public airport located in the city of Victorville in San Bernardino County, California, approximately 20 mi north of San Bernardino.

Context: Prior to its civil usage, the facility was George Air Force Base, from 1941 to 1992 a United States Air Force flight training facility.

Context: Thursford

Context: Thursford is a village and a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk.

Context: The village is 16.3 miles southwest of Cromer, 24.5 miles northwest of Norwich and 121 miles north-east of London.

Context: The village lies 6.9 miles northwest of the nearby town of Fakenham.

Context: The nearest railway station is at Sheringham for the Bittern Line which runs between Sheringham, Cromer and Norwich.

Context: The nearest airport is Norwich International Airport.

Context: The village once had its own Thursford railway station which is now closed.

Context: It is a proposed stop on the Norfolk Orbital Railway.

Context: North Fire

Context: The North Fire was a wildfire that occurred in the Mojave Desert near the towns of Victorville and Hesperia, north of San Bernardino and south of Bakersfield, California.

Context: The fire began on July 17, 2015.

Context: The areas most impacted were adjacent to Interstate 15, where the Cajon Pass passes through the San Bernardino National Forest.

Context: The fire spread to 4,250 acres, and burned homes and other buildings, as well as numerous vehicles stranded on the interstate.

Context: Seventy-four passenger vehicles and trucks were burned along the highway or in neighboring communities due to the fire.

Context: The fire closed Interstate 15, the main highway connecting Southern California with Las Vegas, Nevada, during the first day of the blaze.