Answer: Carol Ann Duffy

Question: Which Scottish playwright wrote the poem "Havisham"?

Context: W. Gordon Smith

Context: W. Gordon Smith (13 December 1928 – 13 August 1996) was a Scottish playwright.

Context: He was born in Edinburgh and lived most of his life there.

Context: He wrote many plays including the one man show, "Jock", made famous by Russell Hunter.

Context: He also wrote the lyrics, "Come By The Hills", set to the tune of the traditional Irish song, "Buachaill o'n Éirne Mé".

Context: In addition he wrote books on the artist, William George Gillies, and on the author, Robert Louis Stevenson and was instrumental in bringing the Scottish arts scene to BBC Scotland.

Context: Paul Morris (writer)

Context: Paul Morris (born 1958) is a Scottish playwright and screenwriter, born in Uddingston, South Lanarkshire.

Context: His early original plays in Scottish theatre include "Three Wee Kings", "Stef, Crabs and Wilsy" and "Transformer", a reworking of Franz Kafka's "The Metamorphosis".

Context: More recently, he has co-written and directed a low-budget comedy feature "Siamese Cop" ("Two Cops One Jacket"), co-written an animated feature "Duck Ugly", produced by Millimages and written an original screenplay "Partiendo Atomos", set in Buenos Aires and directed by John Dickinson.

Context: In 2011 his first novel, "Pa Weathery's Chickens", was published by "Night Publishing".

Context: Ann Marie Di Mambro

Context: Ann Marie Di Mambro (born 18 June 1950) is a Scottish playwright and television screenwriter of Italian extraction.

Context: Her theatre plays have been performed widely; they are also published individually and in collections and are studied in schools for the Scottish curriculum's Higher Drama and English.

Context: Glenn Chandler

Context: Glenn Chandler (born 12 March 1949) is an award-winning Scottish playwright and novelist.

Context: He has written plays for theatre and radio, original screenplays for television and films, television series, and novels.

Context: His best-known work is the Scottish television detective series "Taggart", which is broadcast around the world.

Context: Tom McGrath (playwright)

Context: Tom McGrath (23 October 1940 – 29 April 2009) was a Scottish playwright and jazz pianist.

Context: Margaret Turnbull (screenwriter)

Context: Margaret Turnbull (17 November 1872 – 12 June 1942) was a Scottish playwright and screenwriter.

Context: She wrote for 51 films between 1914 and 1939.

Context: She also wrote novels, such as "The Close Up" (1918), "Alabaster Lamps" (1925) and "The Bride's Mirror" (1934).

Context: She was born in Glasgow, Scotland and died in Yarmouthport, Massachusetts.

Context: She was the sister of producer Hector Turnbull.

Context: She worked for the Famous Players-Lasky studios in Islington, England, and also spent some of her career in Hollywood.

Context: Havisham

Context: "Havisham" is a poem written in 1993 by Carol Ann Duffy.

Context: It responds to Charles Dickens' character "Miss Havisham" from his novel "Great Expectations", looking at Havisham's mental and physical state many decades after being left standing at the altar, when the bride-to-be is in her old age.

Context: It expresses Havisham's anger at her fiancé and her bitter rage over wedding-day trauma and jilted abandonment.

Context: Duffy's use of language is very powerful and passionate.

Context: Throughout the poem oxymorons and juxtaposition such as ""Beloved sweetheart bastard"" and ""Love's hate"" portrays the ambivalence and restless uncertainty of the character, while a sexual fantasy reveals both the unrequited love and the passion that remains within Havisham following the wedding, a devastation from which her heart has never recovered.

Context: Cecil Taylor (playwright)

Context: Cecil Philip Taylor (1929 – 1981), usually credited as C.P. Taylor, was a Scottish playwright.

Context: He wrote almost 80 plays during his 16 years as a professional playwright, including several for radio and television.

Context: He also made a number of documentary programmes for the BBC.

Context: His plays tended to draw on his Jewish background and his Socialist viewpoint, and to be written in dialect.

Context: Andrew Dallmeyer

Context: Andrew Dallmeyer (10 January 1945 - 21 May 2017) was a Scottish playwright, theatre director and actor.

Context: He wrote over 75 plays, including the "Opium Eater" and directed more than 50 productions.

Context: His plays have won a number of awards, including a Scottish BAFTA, and they have been played on BBC Radio.

Context: D C Jackson

Context: Daniel Craig Jackson is a Scottish playwright, born in 1980.

Context: His first full-length play "The Wall" premiered at the Tron Theatre in Glasgow in 2008.

Context: It was produced by Borderline Theatre Company and was nominated for several awards including the Best New Play at the Critics' Awards for Theatre in Scotland and the Saltire Society Scottish First Book of the year.

Context: The sequel "The Ducky" was also produced by Borderline Theatre Company and toured in 2009.

Context: In 2010 he finished his "Stewarton Trilogy" with "The Chooky Brae".

Context: His play My Romantic History' (which starred Iain Robertson) won a Scotsman Fringe First at the 2010 Edinburgh Festival and sold out its run at the Bush Theatre London.

Context: He also took part in the Bush Theatre's 2011 project "Sixty Six Books" where he contributed a piece based upon a book of the King James Bible.

Context: In 2012 Jackson's play The Marriage of Figaro, an adaptation of the stage comedy by Beaumarchais and later opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was premiered at the Royal Lyceum Theatre, Edinburgh.

Context: In 2013 Jackson's play Threeway premiered at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, Edinburgh.

Context: In 2014, another of Jackson's work Kill Johnny Glendenning received its premiere at the Lyceum before transferring to Glasgow's Citizens Theatre.


Answer: skiing and mountaineering

Question: Which two Swiss attractions were the cause of the "grand hotels" in which Jakob Ragaz worked on?

Context: Hotel Grand Chancellor, Hobart

Context: The Hotel Grand Chancellor is a twelve-storey hotel located on the waterfront of Hobart, Tasmania, Australia The hotel opened in 1987 as the Sheraton and has since been taken over by the Grand Hotels International group.

Context: The Grand Chancellor is home to the Restaurant Tasman, the Atrium Bar, Strickland Gallery and Zenica Hairdressing.

Context: The hotel has a pool, a gym and a sauna on site for guest usage.

Context: Jakob Ragaz

Context: Jakob Ragaz (29 September 1846 - 27 May 1922) was a Swiss architect.

Context: He is best known for his work on a series of "grand hotels" built in connection with the Swiss tourism boom during the second half of the nineteenth century.

Context: Langham Hotel, London

Context: The Langham, London is one of the largest and best known traditional style grand hotels in London.

Context: It is in the district of Marylebone on Langham Place and faces up Portland Place towards Regent's Park.

Context: It is a member of the "Leading Hotels of the World" marketing consortium.

Context: Mount Pleasant House (New Hampshire)

Context: Mount Pleasant House was a grand hotel in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, in the area of Bretton Woods.

Context: It was built in 1875 and opened in 1876.

Context: Mount Pleasant House was one of three grand hotels in the area at the time during the early stages of an era of epic hotel building and more came soon after.

Context: The other early grand hotels in Bretton Woods were White Mountain House and Fabyan House.

Context: Dom-Hotel

Context: The Dom-Hotel is a five-star hotel in Cologne, Germany, located on Roncalliplatz in Innenstadt.

Context: The hotel is named after Cologne Cathedral (the "Dom"), which is its direct neighbour.

Context: The hotels is one of the oldest grand hotels in Europe; its location and history make it one of the city's most prominent buildings.

Context: Andrea Perego

Context: Andrea Perego is an Italo-Australian journalist and writer.

Context: After living in Sydney, he is now working on projects in Venice and Berlin.

Context: In Australia he worked as a broadcaster for SBS Radio, doing reports that had wide resonance, such as the one about the murder of two Swiss Guards in the Vatican.

Context: Wentworth by the Sea

Context: The Wentworth by the Sea is a historic grand resort hotel in New Castle, New Hampshire, United States.

Context: It is managed by Marriott as "Wentworth by the Sea, A Marriott Hotel & Spa".

Context: It is one of a handful of the state's surviving Gilded Age grand hotels, and the last located on the seacoast.

Context: G59 – 1st Swiss Horticulture Exhibition

Context: The G59 – 1st Swiss Horticulture Exhibition was the first of two Swiss horticulture exhibitions up until now.

Context: It took place from April 25 to October 11, 1959 in Zurich and covered an area of about 37 acres on the right and left banks of lower Lake Zurich.

Context: The two separate halves of the exposition were connected by commuter ferries and a specially created cable car.

Context: Occidental Hotel

Context: The Occidental Hotel opened in 1861 in San Francisco, California.

Context: It was destroyed in the San Francisco earthquake and subsequent fire of 1906.

Context: It was one of the many hotels named Occidental in the United States, and it was among the few luxury hotels in San Francisco that catered to wealthy travelers.

Context: Operating in the years that roughly coincided with the end of the California Gold Rush and the beginning of silver mining in Nevada, the Occidental Hotel was among the new, grand hotels in San Francisco.

Context: In the exclusive hotel market, along with the Occidental were the Lick House, the Russ House, the Cosmopolitan, the Grand, the Palace, and the Baldwin.

Context: Canada's grand railway hotels

Context: Canada’s railway hotels are a series of five-star grand hotels across the country, each a local and national landmark, and most of which are icons of Canadian history and architecture.

Context: Each hotel was originally built by the Canadian railway companies, or the railways acted as a catalyst for the hotel’s construction.

Context: The hotels were designed to serve the passengers of the country's then expanding rail network and they celebrated rail travel in style.


Answer: Call to Service Award

Question: What reward did the founder of Chick-Fil-A receive?

Context: Liquidity preference

Context: In macroeconomic theory, liquidity preference refers to the demand for money, considered as liquidity.

Context: The concept was first developed by John Maynard Keynes in his book "The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money" (1936) to explain determination of the interest rate by the supply and demand for money.

Context: The demand for money as an asset was theorized to depend on the interest foregone by not holding bonds (here, the term "bonds" can be understood to also represent stocks and other less liquid assets in general, as well as government bonds).

Context: Interest rates, he argues, cannot be a reward for saving as such because, if a person hoards his savings in cash, keeping it under his mattress say, he will receive no interest, although he has nevertheless refrained from consuming all his current income.

Context: Instead of a reward for saving, interest, in the Keynesian analysis, is a reward for parting with liquidity.

Context: According to Keynes, money is the most liquid asset.

Context: Liquidity is an attribute to an asset.

Context: The more quickly an asset is converted into money the more liquid it is said to be.

Context: Lifeshape

Context: Lifeshape is a Christian organization founded by John and Trudy Cathy White, daughter of Chick-Fil-A founder S. Truett Cathy.

Context: Lifeshape was launched in 2003.

Context: The nonprofit supports Lifeshape International, Lifeshape Brasil, and Impact 360 Institute.

Context: Hunted (Left Behind: The Kids)

Context: Hunted is a novel written by Jerry B. Jenkins and Tim LaHaye, who are both Christian authors.

Context: "Hunted" covers titles 35-37 in the series.

Context: It is also the eleventh novel in the twelve book series.

Context: It starts when cruel Bounty Hunters kidnap Judd Thompson Jr., Lionel Washington, and Tom Gowin, planning to bring them to the Global Community and receive a reward.

Context: The fearless Christians escape their kidnappers and flee to a nearby safe house.

Context: Judd and Lionel long to travel to Wisconsin and see their friends again, but the new Bounty Hunters looking for money stop them from going anywhere.

Context: Finally, they come up with a plan to travel to different safe houses on their way to Wisconsin, slowly getting closer to their friends.

Context: Moravian slaves

Context: The Moravian Slaves, a popular story about Christian Missions concerning Johann Leonhard Dober and David Nitschmann, describes how these two young Moravian Brethren from Herrnhut, Germany were called in 1732 to minister to the African slaves on the Caribbean islands of St. Thomas and St. Croix.

Context: Allegedly, when they were told that they would not be allowed to do such a thing, Dober and Nitschmann sold themselves to a slave owner and boarded a ship bound for the West Indies.

Context: As the ship pulled away from the docks, it is said that they called out to their loved ones on shore, "May the Lamb that was slain receive the reward of His suffering!"

Context: Five-choice serial-reaction time task

Context: The Five-choice serial-reaction time task (5CSRTT) is a laboratory behavioral task used in psychological research to assess visuospatial attention and motor impulsivity in animals.

Context: The task takes place within an operant chamber equipped with at least five holes (apertures) that can illuminate, and a food tray to deliver reward.

Context: The 5CSRTT requires the animal (typically a rat, although mice can also be used) to correctly identify which of the five apertures has been briefly illuminated, via a nose poke, in order to receive a sugar reward.

Context: The difficulty of the task is controlled by the length of time the aperture is illuminated: a shorter illumination time requires the animal to pay greater attention, and thus is more difficult (as shown by decreased accuracy).

Context: Between every trial, there is also a short interval wherein the animal must withhold all responses, and any responding during this interval is met with a brief time-out and recorded as a failure of inhibitory control.

Context: George Crumbley

Context: George Crumbley (1923 – September 15, 2009) was the founder of the Peach Bowl, now the Chick-fil-A Bowl.

Context: Milken Educator Award

Context: The Milken Educator Awards is an educator recognition program in the United States that provides unrestricted grants of $25,000 cash to teachers deemed successful, in surprise ceremonies.

Context: Established in 1985 and first presented in 1987, the initiative of the Milken Family Foundation has traveled to schools across the United States presenting awards to over 2,600 teachers, averaging around 30-40 teachers per year.

Context: "Teacher Magazine" nicknamed the program the "Oscars of Teaching."

Context: The award currently gives $25,000 in unrestricted funds to teachers who are early in their career, or mid-career, to reward them "for what they have achieved—and for the promise of what they will accomplish in the future."

Context: Recipients are ambushed at school assemblies or other public events to be publicly celebrated with the surprise announcement of the awards.

Context: For example, in January 2016, a Hawaii high school science teacher was "shocked" to receive the award, given at a school-wide assembly.

Context: WinShape Foundation

Context: The WinShape Foundation is an American charitable organization founded in 1984 by Jeanette Cathy and Truett Cathy, founder of fast-food restaurant chain Chick-fil-A.

Context: WinShape's sister foundation, Lifeshape, was started by the Cathy's daughter and husband, Trudy and John White.

Context: Mining pool

Context: In the context of cryptocurrency mining, a mining pool is the pooling of resources by miners, who share their processing power over a network, to split the reward equally, according to the amount of work they contributed to solving a block.

Context: A "share" is awarded to members of the mining pool who present a valid proof-of-work that their miner solved.

Context: Mining in pools began when the difficulty for mining increased to the point where it could take years for slower miners to generate a block.

Context: The solution to this problem was for miners to pool their resources so they could generate blocks more quickly and therefore receive a portion of the block reward on a consistent basis, rather than randomly once every few years.

Context: Delayed gratification

Context: Delayed gratification, or deferred gratification, is the ability to resist the temptation for an immediate reward and wait for a later reward.

Context: Generally, delayed gratification is associated with resisting a smaller but more immediate reward in order to receive a larger or more enduring reward later.

Context: A growing body of literature has linked the ability to delay gratification to a host of other positive outcomes, including academic success, physical health, psychological health, and social competence.


Answer: Suffolk

Question: What is the name of the county that Cari Roccaro is from?


Answer: Bluebeard's Castle

Question: Which play is set in one act, Bluebeard's Castle or Agrippina?

Context: Senza sangue

Context: Senza sangue (Without blood) an opera in one act by Péter Eötvös with a libretto by Mari Mezei.

Context: It is based on the second part of the novel of the same name by Alessandro Baricco and is intended to be performed jointly with Béla Bartók's one-act "Bluebeard's Castle".

Context: The concert première was given by the Cologne Philharmonic Orchestra on 1 May 2015.

Context: It was premièred in full on 15 May 2016 at the Festival d'Avignon.

Context: It is his tenth opera.

Context: Anne Sofie von Otter, who gave the New York première with the New York Philharmonic, said: "“The piece is not at all easy for the two singers... [It’s] hard to find the pitch; you have to work it into the voice, unless of course you happen to have perfect pitch, which I don’t."

Context: The Long Christmas Dinner

Context: The Long Christmas Dinner is a play in one act written by American novelist and playwright Thornton Wilder in 1931.

Context: In its first published form, it was included in the volume "The Long Christmas Dinner and Other Plays in One Act".

Context: Agrippina (opera)

Context: Agrippina (HWV 6) is an "opera seria" in three acts by George Frideric Handel with a libretto by Cardinal Vincenzo Grimani.

Context: Composed for the 1709–10 Venice "Carnevale" season, the opera tells the story of Agrippina, the mother of Nero, as she plots the downfall of the Roman Emperor Claudius and the installation of her son as emperor.

Context: Grimani's libretto, considered one of the best that Handel set, is an "anti-heroic satirical comedy", full of topical political allusions.

Context: Some analysts believe that it reflects Grimani's political and diplomatic rivalry with Pope Clement XI.

Context: Talley's Folly

Context: Talley's Folly is a 1980 play by American playwright Lanford Wilson, the second in his cycle, "The Talley Trilogy" between his plays "Talley & Son" and "Fifth of July".

Context: Set in an old boathouse near rural Lebanon, Missouri in 1944, it is a romantic comedy following the characters Matt Friedman and Sally Talley as they once and for all settle their feelings for each other.

Context: Wilson received the 1980 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for the work.

Context: The play is unique for Wilson in that it takes place in one act, with no intermission, set in ninety-seven minutes of real time.

Context: There is no set change.

Context: The Happy Journey to Trenton and Camden

Context: The Happy Journey to Trenton and Camden is a one act play by American novelist and playwright Thornton Wilder written in 1931.

Context: It was first published in "The Long Christmas Dinner and Other Plays in One Act" (New York: Coward-McCann, 1931).

Context: Entente Cordiale (opera)

Context: Entente Cordiale is a comic opera in one act by Ethel Smyth with an English-language libretto by Smyth, who describes the work as "a post-war comedy in one act (founded on fact)".

Context: It was first performed by students at the Royal College of Music in London on 22 July 1925.

Context: Das geheime Königreich

Context: Das geheime Königreich ("The Secret Kingdom") is an opera in one act with words and music by Ernst Krenek, his Op.

Context: 50 and the second of three one-acters (with "Der Diktator" and "Schwergewicht, oder Die Ehre der Nation") which premiered on 6 May 1928 at the Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden as part of the Mai-Festwoche Wiesbaden.

Context: It is subtitled "Märchenoper in 1 Akt " (fairy-tale opera in one act) and has been called a satirical fairy-tale opera.

Context: One Act Play (band)

Context: One Act Play is an instrumental rock, post-rock band from Dallas, Texas.

Context: Heavily influenced by and often compared to bands such as Mogwai, Explosions In The Sky, and The Cancer Conspiracy, One Act Play has been known for their impassioned and diverse sound, from simple profound elements of post rock to off-the-wall psychedelic/progressive patterns.

Context: At the Boar's Head

Context: At the Boar's Head is an opera in one act by the English composer Gustav Holst, his op. 42.

Context: Holst himself described the work as "A Musical Interlude in One Act".

Context: The libretto, by the composer himself, is based on Shakespeare's "Henry IV, Part 1" and "Henry IV, Part 2".

Context: Daphne (opera)

Context: Daphne, Op.

Context: 82, is an opera in one act by Richard Strauss, subtitled "Bucolic Tragedy in One Act".

Context: The German libretto was by Joseph Gregor.

Context: The opera is based loosely on the mythological figure Daphne from Ovid's "Metamorphoses" and includes elements taken from "The Bacchae" by Euripides.

Context: The opera premiered at the Semperoper in Dresden on 15 October 1938, originally intended as a double bill with Strauss' "Friedenstag", but as the scale of "Daphne" grew, that idea was abandoned.

Context: The conductor of the first performance was Karl Böhm, to whom the opera was dedicated.


Answer: English

Question: What is the nationality of the author of Fifty Shades Freed?

Context: Fifty Shades Freed (film)

Context: Fifty Shades Freed is an upcoming American erotic romantic drama film directed by James Foley and written by Niall Leonard, based on the novel of same name by E. L. James.

Context: It is the final film in the "Fifty Shades" trilogy, and a sequel to "Fifty Shades of Grey" (2015) and "Fifty Shades Darker" (2017).

Context: The film stars Dakota Johnson and Jamie Dornan as Anastasia Steele and Christian Grey, respectively.

Context: E. L. James

Context: Erika Mitchell (born 7 March 1963), known by her pen name E. L. James, is an English author.

Context: She wrote the bestselling erotic romance trilogy "Fifty Shades of Grey", "Fifty Shades Darker", and "Fifty Shades Freed", along with the companion novel ""; and under "Snowqueen's Icedragon" the Twilight fan fiction "Master of the Universe" that was the basis for the Fifty Shades trilogy.

Context: Fifty Shades (film series)

Context: Fifty Shades is an American film series that consists of three erotic romantic drama films, based on the " Fifty Shades" trilogy by English author E. L. James.

Context: It is distributed by Universal Studios and stars Dakota Johnson and Jamie Dornan as the lead roles Anastasia Steele and Christian Grey, respectively.

Context: Sam Taylor-Johnson directed the first film and initially she was slated to be the director of the sequels as well, however subsequently the second and third films were directed by James Foley.

Context: Fifty Shades Darker (film)

Context: Fifty Shades Darker is a 2017 American erotic romantic drama film directed by James Foley and written by Niall Leonard, based on E. L. James's novel of the same name.

Context: The second film in the "Fifty Shades" film series, it is the sequel to the 2015 film "Fifty Shades of Grey".

Context: The film stars Dakota Johnson and Jamie Dornan as Anastasia Steele and Christian Grey, respectively, with Eric Johnson, Eloise Mumford, Bella Heathcote, Rita Ora, Luke Grimes, Victor Rasuk, Kim Basinger and Marcia Gay Harden in supporting roles.

Context: Robinne Lee

Context: Robinne Lee (born July 16, 1974) is an American actress and author ab.

Context: She made her screen debut in the 1997 independent film "Hav Plenty", and later has appeared in films "National Security" (2003), "Deliver Us from Eva" (2003), "Hitch" (2005), "Seven Pounds" (2008), "Fifty Shades Darker" (2017), and the upcoming "Fifty Shades Freed".

Context: Her first novel will be released by St Martin's Press in June 2017.

Context: Fifty Shades Darker

Context: Fifty Shades Darker is a 2012 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James.

Context: It is the second instalment in the "Fifty Shades" trilogy that traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey.

Context: The first and third volumes, "Fifty Shades of Grey" and "Fifty Shades Freed", were published in 2011 and 2012.

Context: The novel is published by Vintage Books and reached No. 1 on the "USA Today" best seller list.

Context: Fifty Shades Freed

Context: Fifty Shades Freed is the third and final installment of the erotic romance "Fifty Shades Trilogy" by British author E. L. James.

Context: After accepting entrepreneur CEO Christian Grey's proposal in "Fifty Shades Darker", Anastasia Steele must adjust not only to married life but to her new husband's wealthy lifestyle and controlling nature.

Context: The paperback edition was first published in April 2012.

Context: Fifty Shades (novel series)

Context: The "Fifty Shades" trilogy is a series of erotic novels by E. L. James.

Context: The trilogy consists of "Fifty Shades of Grey" (2011), "Fifty Shades Darker" and "Fifty Shades Freed" (2012).

Context: The trilogy traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey.

Context: Fifty Shades of Oy Vey: A Parody

Context: Fifty Shades of Oy Vey: A Parody by E.L. Jamesbergstein is a parody of E.L. James' "Fifty Shades of Grey".

Context: It was published in print and e-book editions by Alfred A. Knish in 2013.

Context: Described on its book jacket as "So erotic, you'll plotz," the comic novel, which follows the outline of the original "Fifty Shades of Grey", tells the story of the relationship between a beautiful young woman, Anatevka Stein, and a portly bagel tycoon, Chaim Silver.

Context: Fifty Shades of Grey

Context: Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2011 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James.

Context: It is the first instalment in the "Fifty Shades" trilogy that traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey.

Context: It is notable for its explicitly erotic scenes featuring elements of sexual practices involving bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadism/masochism (BDSM).

Context: Originally self-published as an ebook and a print-on-demand, publishing rights were acquired by Vintage Books in March 2012.


Answer: 1968

Question: When was the band who composited "Discipline" formed?

Context: Nomeansno

Context: Nomeansno (sometimes stylized as NoMeansNo or spelled No Means No) was a Canadian punk rock band formed in Victoria, British Columbia and later relocated to Vancouver.

Context: They issued ten LPs, one collaborative LP, numerous EPs and singles, and gained an international audience following extensive touring.

Context: Critic Martin Popoff described their music as "the mightiest merger between the hateful aggression of punk and the discipline of heavy metal."

Context: Nomeansno's distinct hardcore punk sound, complex instrumentation, and dark, "savagely intelligent" lyrics inspired subsequent musicians.

Context: They are often considered foundational in the punk jazz and post-hardcore movements, and have been cited as a formative influence on the math rock and emo genres.

Context: Discipline (band)

Context: Discipline is a United States progressive rock band formed in 1987 by singer/songwriter Matthew Parmenter.

Context: Based in Detroit, Michigan the band has released five studio albums, two live albums, a live DVD, and a live concert motion picture.

Context: Discipline may be best known for their 1997 release "Unfolded Like Staircase."

Context: Catholic Discipline

Context: Catholic Discipline was an American punk rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed by "Slash Fanzine" editor Claude Bessy in 1979.

Context: The initial line-up of the band featured Bessy on vocals, Phranc on guitar, Rick Brodey on bass guitar, Richard Meade on keyboards and Craig Lee on drums.


Answer: band

Question: What kind of group does Pinhead Gunpowder and Billie Joe Armstrong have in common?

Context: Pinhead Gunpowder (2008 EP)

Context: Pinhead Gunpowder (also known by fans as the West Side Highway EP) is the second eponymously titled extended play by the American punk rock band Pinhead Gunpowder.

Context: It was released on August 19, 2008, through Recess Records, the group's first release on Recess.

Context: "Pinhead Gunpowder" marked the band's first new release in over 5 years.

Context: The first pressings of the extended play were on green and blue vinyl.

Context: All of the tracks were rereleased on the 2009 compilation "Kick Over the Traces".

Context: Recess Records

Context: Recess Records is an independent record label founded in 1989 with the release of F.Y.P's "Extra Credit", an 11 song 7-inch record.

Context: Label founder Todd Congelliere (frontman for F.Y.P and Toys That Kill) originally created the label as a vehicle to release F.Y.P's material.

Context: Congelliere promoted "Extra Credit" by running classified ads in Berkeley based Maximum Rocknroll fanzine and going to skateboard contests.

Context: He quickly sold his initial pressing of 500 copies.

Context: In between touring the U.S., Europe, and Japan, Congelliere began releasing records for fellow punk rock and DIY bands, eventually having a roster of close to 20 artists on his label.

Context: Pinhead Gunpowder, fronted by Green Day frontman Billie Joe Armstrong, announced in April 2008 that a new 7" single from the band would be released on Recess Records in late May 2008.

Context: Green Day related projects

Context: Since 1991, some members of punk band Green Day have branched out past their "main band" and have started other projects with other musicians and have released full-length albums and several EPs.

Context: Notable related projects of Green Day include Billie Joe Armstrong's Pinhead Gunpowder (which also featured Green Day's other guitarist Jason White), The Frustrators in which Mike Dirnt plays bass, and The Network which many speculate has all three members of Green Day, although under stagenames.

Context: Billie Joe Armstrong

Context: Billie Joe Armstrong (born February 17, 1972) is an American musician, singer, songwriter and actor who is best known as the lead vocalist, primary songwriter, and guitarist of the punk rock band Green Day, which he co-founded with Mike Dirnt.

Context: He is also a guitarist and vocalist for the punk rock band Pinhead Gunpowder and provides lead vocals for Green Day's side projects Foxboro Hot Tubs and The Network.

Context: Jason White (musician)

Context: Jason White (born November 11, 1973) is an American musician, best known as the current touring guitarist for the American punk rock band Green Day.

Context: He has played as a touring member of Green Day since 1999.

Context: However, in 2012, he was promoted to being an official member of the band before demoting himself back to his touring guitarist role in 2016.

Context: He is also the guitarist/vocalist for the Californian punk band Pinhead Gunpowder, lead guitarist/lead vocalist for California, and co-founder of Adeline Records alongside Billie Joe Armstrong.

Context: Carry the Banner

Context: Carry the Banner is the third EP by the Berkeley, California-based punk rock band Pinhead Gunpowder.

Context: Originally released on 10" vinyl in December 1994 through Too Many Records, the EP was reissued on CD by Lookout Records shortly after as the initial vinyl pressing sold out quickly.

Context: It was the group's first release to feature Jason White on guitar/vocals, replacing Sarah Kirsch, who left the band in 1994 due to differences with Billie Joe Armstrong after his main band Green Day signed to major label Reprise Records.

Context: Pinhead Gunpowder

Context: Pinhead Gunpowder is an American punk rock band that formed in East Bay, California, in 1990.

Context: The band currently consists of Aaron Cometbus (drums, lyrics), Bill Schneider (bass), Billie Joe Armstrong (guitar, vocals) and Jason White (guitar, vocals).

Context: The band's name comes from a brand of "high octane" green tea served at the Arcata co-op and discovered by Aaron Cometbus during one of his many dumpster diving adventures.

Context: Compulsive Disclosure

Context: Compulsive Disclosure is the second compilation album by the American punk rock band Pinhead Gunpowder.

Context: It was released on October 21, 2003, through Lookout!

Context: Records.

Context: The album features songs from the group's eponymously titled 2000 EP, the "Dillinger Four / Pinhead Gunpowder" split EP, the "8 Chords, 328 Words" EP and also features re-recorded versions of the songs "2nd Street" and "At Your Funeral" (originally from "Dillinger Four / Pinhead Gunpowder").

Context: "Compulsive Disclosure" was re-released on CD and vinyl through Recess Records on February 12, 2010, with two unreleased tracks, "Salting Agents" and "El Lasso Grappo".

Context: Kick Over the Traces

Context: Kick Over the Traces is a compilation album by the American punk rock band Pinhead Gunpowder.

Context: The album contains tracks from Pinhead Gunpowder releases since the band formed in 1990.

Context: The album was released through Recess Records on June 16, 2009.

Context: The Japanese edition features a second disc recorded live at 924 Gilman Street on February 10, 2008, and features different cover art.

Context: Bill Schneider (musician)

Context: William 'Bill' Schneider (born June 17) is an American musician.

Context: He has played bass in the punk rock band Pinhead Gunpowder since 1990, as well as providing vocals and writing the lyrics to the song "Backyard Flames".

Context: He has also been in many other bands such as The Influents, Monsula and Uranium 9v, Sawhorse and The Skinflutes.

Context: Bill was worked as bass tech during the Nimrod era for Mike Dirnt, Green Day's and as guitar tech on their albums "Nimrod" and "Warning", American Idiot, 21st Century Breakdown, Uno Dos Tres, Revolution Radio and was their day to day manager from 2003-2012 for their "American Idiot" and 21st Century Breakdown tours through Uno Dos Tres.

Context: He also owned "Broken Guitars", a guitar shop in Oakland, California with Billie Joe Armstrong.

Context: Bill Still works on the sidelines with the band as well as in the studio.


Answer: the shootout

Question: What other method of extending an ice hockey game exists other than the one used in the 1932 Allan Cup?

Context: 2008 Allan Cup

Context: The 2008 Allan Cup was the 2008 edition of the Canadian National Championship of Senior ice hockey, and the tournament marked the 100th year that the Allan Cup has been awarded.

Context: The 2008 tournament was hosted by the City of Brantford, Ontario, and the Brantford Blast of the Ontario Hockey Association's Major League Hockey.

Context: The tournament began on April 14, 2008, and concluded April 19, 2008.

Context: 1915 Allan Cup

Context: The 1915 Allan Cup was the Canadian national senior ice hockey championship for the 1914-15 season.

Context: The title was first held by the Melville Millionaires as champions of their league and two challenge wins.

Context: The Millionaires then lost the final Allan Cup challenge to the Winnipeg Monarchs.

Context: The 1915 playoff marked the eighth time the Allan Cup had a champion.

Context: 1918 Allan Cup

Context: The 1918 Allan Cup was the Canadian national senior ice hockey championship for the 1917-18 Senior season.

Context: The final challenge was hosted by the Kitchener Greenshirts and Toronto, Ontario.

Context: The 1918 playoff marked the 11th time the Allan Cup had a champion.

Context: The 1918 Allan Cup also marked the final time the Allan Cup would be awarded through a challenge series.

Context: Warroad Lakers

Context: The Warroad Lakers were an American Senior ice hockey team from Warroad, Minnesota.

Context: The Lakers played in various Manitoba AHA and Thunder Bay AHA senior and intermediate leagues and were granted special eligibility for the Allan Cup and Hardy Cup by the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association.

Context: The Lakers were three-time Allan Cup Canadian National Champions, one-time Allan Cup National Finalists, one-time Hardy Cup Canadian National Champions, and one-time Hardy Cup National Finalists.

Context: Toronto National Sea Fleas

Context: The Toronto National Sea Fleas were a senior men's amateur ice hockey team that won the 1932 Allan Cup, and also represented Canada at the 1933 World Ice Hockey Championships held in Prague, Czechoslovakia where the team lost the final game to the United States in overtime to capture the silver medal for Canada.

Context: Trail Smoke Eaters (senior)

Context: The Trail Smoke Eaters (previously named as the "Trail Hockey Club") were a senior level men's ice hockey team from Trail, British Columbia that played from 1926 to 1987.

Context: They are recognized as being one of the best senior hockey teams in Canadian history.

Context: The Smoke Eaters won their first Allan Cup in 1938; they won the 1939 World Ice Hockey Championships and the 1961 World Ice Hockey Championships; and they won another Allan Cup in 1962.

Context: 1932 Allan Cup

Context: The 1932 Allan Cup was won by the Toronto National Sea Fleas.

Context: This team went on to represent Canada at the 1933 World Ice Hockey Championships held in Prague, Czechoslovakia where the team lost the final game to the United States in overtime to capture the silver medal for Canada.

Context: Allan Cup Hockey West

Context: The Allan Cup Hockey West (ACHW) is a multi-tier Canadian Senior ice hockey league based in Alberta, currently made up of five Senior AAA teams.

Context: The ChHL is one of two Allan Cup eligible ice hockey leagues currently operating in Canada; the other is Ontario's Allan Cup Hockey.

Context: Since the beginning of the 1998-99 season, the Chinook League has produced four Allan Cup National Champions: the 1999 Stony Plain Eagles, and the 2009, 2013 and 2016 Bentley Generals.

Context: The Stony Plain Eagles and the Lacombe Generals are tied for the most playoff championship wins at 10 each.

Context: Stony Plain collected 8 consecutive titles from 1998 to 2005 while the Generals recently earned their 9th consecutive title dating back to 2009.

Context: The two teams met in the championship series for the last two seasons, with the Generals winning the best of seven challenge in 5 games and 6 games respectively.

Context: Allan Cup Hockey

Context: Allan Cup Hockey (ACH) is the top tier Canadian Senior ice hockey league in the province of Ontario.

Context: As a member of the Ontario Hockey Association and Hockey Canada, the league's champion contends for the famed Allan Cup each year.

Context: The league came to its latest incarnation when it lost several teams leaving it with two and as a result it merged with the Eastern Ontario Senior Hockey League in 2008.

Context: In 2011, the league changed its name from Major League Hockey to Allan Cup Hockey.

Context: Hamilton Steelhawks (senior)

Context: The Hamilton Steelhawks are a senior-level ice hockey team based in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Context: The team is a member of the Allan Cup Hockey league of the Ontario Hockey Association, the top tier of senior ice hockey in Ontario, and eligible for the Allan Cup national championship.


Answer: July 22, 1946

Question: When was the actor born who starred in Nambia: The Struggle for Liberation and played Roger Murtaugh in the "Lethal Weapon" film series?

Context: Lethal Weapon 2

Context: Lethal Weapon 2 is a 1989 American buddy cop action comedy film directed by Richard Donner, and starring Mel Gibson, Danny Glover, Joe Pesci, Patsy Kensit, Derrick O'Connor and Joss Ackland.

Context: It is a sequel to the 1987 film "Lethal Weapon" and second installment in the "Lethal Weapon" series.

Context: Ebonie Smith

Context: Ebonie Smith (born Ebonie Michele Smith October 4, 1977) is a former child actress known for her role as Jessica Jefferson in the sitcom "The Jeffersons" from 1984 to 1985.

Context: She was sometimes credited as "Ebony Smith".

Context: Smith also played character M'Lila on the television series "Xena" and portrayed a young La Toya Jackson on the television miniseries "".

Context: She is also known for playing Carrie Murtaugh in the "Lethal Weapon" movies and had recurring roles on "Webster" and "Family Matters".

Context: Lethal Weapon

Context: Lethal Weapon is a 1987 American buddy cop action film directed by Richard Donner, produced by Joel Silver, and written by Shane Black.

Context: It stars Mel Gibson and Danny Glover alongside Darlene Love, Ebonie Smith, Gary Busey, and Mitchell Ryan.

Context: In "Lethal Weapon", a pair of mismatched LAPD detectives – Martin Riggs, a former Green Beret who has become suicidal following the death of his wife, and Roger Murtaugh, a 50-year-old veteran of the force – work together as partners.

Context: Arkham Asylum – Shock Therapy

Context: Arkham Asylum – Shock Therapy is a Vekoma SLC roller coaster located at Warner Bros.

Context: Movie World in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.

Context: When the ride was introduced in 1995, it was themed to the Lethal Weapon film series and was named Lethal Weapon – The Ride.

Context: In 2012, the ride was rethemed to and renamed Arkham Asylum – Shock Therapy.

Context: The ride was the first steel inverted roller coaster at an Australian theme park.

Context: Roger Murtaugh

Context: Roger Murtaugh is a fictional character in the "Lethal Weapon" films, played in all four by Danny Glover.

Context: On February 12, 2016, it was announced that Murtaugh would be played by Damon Wayans Sr. in the pilot for the new Fox Television drama series.

Context: Rene Russo

Context: Rene Marie Russo (born February 17, 1954) is an American actress, producer, and former model.

Context: Russo began her career in the 1970s as a fashion model appearing on several magazine covers including "Vogue" and "Cosmopolitan".

Context: She made her film debut in the 1989 comedy film "Major League".

Context: Later, Russo starred in a number of thrillers and action movies throughout the 1990s including "Mr. Destiny" (1990) and "One Good Cop" (1991).

Context: In the 1990s, she played the leading role on "Lethal Weapon 3" (1992), "In the Line of Fire" (1993), "Outbreak" (1995), "Get Shorty" (1995), "Tin Cup" (1996), "Ransom" (1996), "Lethal Weapon 4" (1998), "The Thomas Crown Affair" (1999) and The Adventures of Rocky and Bullwinkle (2000).

Context: After she starred in the family comedy "Yours, Mine and Ours" in 2005, she took a six-year break from acting.

Context: Danny Glover

Context: Danny Lebern Glover (born July 22, 1946) is an American actor, film director, and political activist.

Context: He is well known for his leading role as Roger Murtaugh in the "Lethal Weapon" film series, "The Color Purple" (1985), "To Sleep with Anger" (1990), "Predator 2" (1990), and "Angels in the Outfield" (1994).

Context: He also has prominent supporting roles in "Silverado" (1985), "Witness" (1985), "Saw" (2004), "Shooter" (2007), "2012" (2009), "Death at a Funeral" (2010), "Beyond the Lights" (2014), and "Dirty Grandpa" (2016).

Context: He has appeared in many other movies, television shows, and theatrical productions, and is an active supporter of various humanitarian and political causes.

Context: Mel Gibson filmography

Context: Mel Gibson, AO, is an American actor, director, producer and screenwriter who made his acting debut on the Australian television drama series "The Sullivans" (1976– 1983).

Context: While a student at the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney, he was given an uncredited role in "I Never Promised You a Rose Garden" and subsequently appeared as a leading actor in the micro budget surf drama "Summer City" (both in 1977).

Context: Gibson rose to prominence during the Australian New Wave cinema movement in the early 1980s, having appeared in his breakthrough role in George Miller's dystopian action film "Mad Max" (1979), portraying the eponymous hero.

Context: He reprised the role in its sequels, "Mad Max 2" (1981) and "Mad Max Beyond Thunderdome" (1985).

Context: He appeared in Peter Weir's war drama "Gallipoli" (1981) and the romantic drama "The Year of Living Dangerously" (1982).

Context: Five years later he played Martin Riggs in the buddy cop action comedy "Lethal Weapon" alongside Danny Glovera role he later reprised in its sequels "Lethal Weapon 2" (1989), "Lethal Weapon 3" (1992), and "Lethal Weapon 4" (1998).

Context: Lethal Weapon (franchise)

Context: Lethal Weapon is an American buddy cop action comedy franchise created by Shane Black that focuses on Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) detectives, Martin Riggs, Roger Murtaugh, and their fast-talking sidekick Leo Getz (who debuts in the second film).

Context: The franchise consists of four films released during the 1980s and 1990s, as well as a television series in 2016.

Context: All four films in the series were directed by Richard Donner and also share many of the same core cast members, while the television series recast the main roles with younger actors instead.

Context: List of Lethal Weapon episodes

Context: "Lethal Weapon" is an American buddy cop action comedy-drama television series that is based on the film series of the same name created by Shane Black.

Context: The series stars Damon Wayans as Roger Murtaugh, a senior Los Angeles Police Department Detective who returns to the force, after recovering from a heart attack, and is partnered with Texas transfer Martin Riggs, played by Clayne Crawford.

Context: Riggs, a Navy SEAL-turned-police officer from El Paso, Texas, moves to Los Angeles after the death of his wife and unborn child, transferring from the El Paso County Sheriff's Office to the LAPD's Robbery-Homicide Division.


Answer: Bury St Edmunds

Question: Ruddles Brewery is owned by a pub retailer and brewer based in what city?

Context: Mill Street Brewery

Context: Mill Street Brewery is a brewery in Toronto, Canada that is a part of Anheuser–Busch InBev.

Context: During its first decade of operation, as an independent brewer, Mill St. won several awards including Golden Tap Awards for Best Toronto Microbrewery ('04-'08) and Best Toronto Beer (for Tankhouse Ale: '04-'07), and was named "Canadian Brewery of the Year" at the Canadian Brewing Awards in 2007, 2008, and 2009.

Context: It was purchased in 2015 by Canadian brewer Labatt Brewing Company, which in turn is owned by the global brewing giant Anheuser–Busch InBev.

Context: Chef & Brewer

Context: Chef & Brewer is a chain of around 127 licensed traditional pub restaurants in the United Kingdom, owned by the Greene King subsidiary, the Spirit Pub Company.

Context: The concept is providing more up market pub food and those in the chain have been re-furbished.

Context: Yakel House and Union Brewery

Context: The Yakel House and Union Brewery are a historic house and brewery complex located at 1421-1431 Pearl St. in Alton, Illinois.

Context: Philip Yakel, a German immigrant, built the brewery soon after coming to America in 1836.

Context: The brewery was the first in Alton and one of the city's earliest successful industries.

Context: Yakel's son George, who eventually ran the brewery alongside his father, built the house in 1863; it was the family's second home at the site.

Context: The brick home features a vernacular design influenced by German architectural tradition.

Context: William Netzhammer, a brewer from St. Louis, purchased the brewery in 1882.

Context: The Netzhammer family ran the brewery until it closed in 1952;, notably, the brewery continued production during Prohibition by making near beer.

Context: Vaux Breweries

Context: Vaux Breweries was a major brewer based in Sunderland, England.

Context: It was listed on the London Stock Exchange.

Context: Ruddles Brewery

Context: Ruddles Brewery (G. Ruddle & Co) was an English brewery.

Context: The brand is now owned by Greene King who still brew beers under the Ruddles name in Suffolk, although the current recipes are not those used at the original brewery.

Context: Greene King

Context: Greene King is the UK's largest pub retailer and brewer.

Context: It is based in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, England.

Context: The company owns pubs, restaurants and hotels.

Context: It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

Context: Castle Rock Brewery

Context: Castle Rock Brewery is a brewery and pub group based in Nottingham, Nottinghamshire.

Context: It was originally set up as a joint venture with Bramcote Brewery.

Context: Bramcote Brewery was wound up and a new company was set up, 50% owned by Tynemill and 50% owned by the previous owners of Bramcote Brewery, on a new site next to Tynemill’s pub, The Vat and Fiddle, located on Queensbridge road close to Nottingham railway station.

Context: The Vat and Fiddle became the ‘Brewery Tap’, serving over 10 real ales at any one time, several of which are Castle Rock's.

Context: John Hair and Son

Context: John Hair and Son was an English brewer based in Melbourne, Derbyshire.

Context: It was founded in 1851 and acquired by Offiler's of Derby in 1954.

Context: The Booth Brewing Co.

Context: The Booth Brewing Co. is a microbrewery headquartered in Seoul, South Korea.

Context: Sunghoo Yang, a former investment analyst, Heeyoon Kim, a former Korean medicine doctor, and Daniel Tudor, a journalist for The Economist founded the brewery in 2015, after operating a pizza pub since 2013 [].

Context: They acquired the brewing facility in Eureka, California, previously owned by Lost Coast Brewery, in 2015.

Context: They are well known for Taedonggang Pale Ale, a collaboration beer with Danish microbrewery Mikkeller, and also for being the second foreign craft brewer to produce beer in their own facility in the United States.

Context: Agnes Bugge

Context: Agnes Bugge (born before 1417) was an English brewer.

Context: Bugge is notable because she was a women who was running a brewery in the 15th/16th century.

Context: Usually wives assisted their husbands and their contribution is never identified in the records.

Context: In Agnes' case her husband was a draper and therefore it becomes clear that it was Agnes who brewed.

Context: This is noted in 1419/20 when the brewers were in dispute with the City of London.

Context: The brewers agreed to create a fighting fund and Stephen paid the largest contribution for his wife's brewery.

Context: Idonea Hatton's husband also made a contribution but in her case they had the brewery jointly.

Context: 19 of the 24 brewery's involved included women but the Bugge's brewery appeared to the only one operated by a woman, although it was noted that 80% of the breweries were run in part by a married woman.

Context: When Stephen died it becomes clear how the law saw the situation as Stephen had to leave Agnes' brewery to her.

Context: Coincidentally it is interesting to note that the funds raised won the case against the city of London.

Context: At that time the Lord Mayor of London was Dick Whittington.


Answer: Belladonna

Question: What is the stage name of the former pornographic actress born in 1981 that co-hosted the 26th AVN Awards?

Context: 16th AVN Awards

Context: The 16th AVN Awards ceremony, organized by "Adult Video News" (AVN) honored the best of 1998 in pornographic movies and took place on January 9, 1999, at Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada.

Context: During the ceremony, AVN presented AVN Awards in 68 categories.

Context: The ceremony, televised by Playboy TV, was produced by Gary Miller and directed by Mark Stone.

Context: Comedian Robert Schimmel returned as host and actresses Alisha Klass, Midori and Serenity co-hosted the award show.

Context: Five weeks earlier in a ceremony held at the Westin Bonaventure in Los Angeles, California, on December 4, 1998, the awards for gay pornographic movies were presented in a new separate ceremony known as the GayVN Awards.

Context: 34th AVN Awards

Context: The 34th AVN Awards, presented by Adult Video News (AVN), honored the best pornographic movies and adult entertainment products of between October 1, 2015 and September 30, 2016 and took place on January 21, 2017 at The Joint in Hard Rock Hotel and Casino, Paradise, Nevada.

Context: During the ceremony, Adult Video News presented AVN Awards (often referred to as the Oscars of porn ) in 117 categories.

Context: Webcam star Aspen Rae and reigning AVN Female Performer of the Year Riley Reid co-hosted the ceremony, each for the first time.

Context: Master of ceremonies was comedian Colin Kane.

Context: 13th AVN Awards

Context: The 13th AVN Awards ceremony, organized by Adult Video News (AVN) honored the best pornographic films of 1995 and took place on January 7, 1996 at the Aladdin Theatre for the Performing Arts in Paradise, Nevada, beginning at 8:15 p.m. PST / 11:15 p.m. EST.

Context: During the ceremony, AVN presented AVN Awards in 97 categories.

Context: The ceremony, taped for broadcast in the United States by Spice Networks, was produced and directed by Gary Miller and Mark Stone.

Context: Comedian Bobby Slayton hosted the show for the first time, alongside actress co-hosts Jenna Jameson and Julia Ann.

Context: Hall of Fame inductees were honored at a gala held a month earlier.

Context: 17th AVN Awards

Context: The 17th AVN Awards ceremony, presented by Adult Video News (AVN), took place January 8, 2000 at the Venetian Hotel Grand Ballroom, at Paradise, Nevada, U.S.A.

Context: During the ceremony, AVN presented AVN Awards (often dubbed the "Academy Awards Of Porn") in 77 categories honoring the best pornographic films released between Oct. 1, 1998 and Sept. 30, 1999.

Context: The ceremony was produced by Gary Miller and directed by Mark Stone.

Context: Adult film star Juli Ashton hosted the show.

Context: 20th AVN Awards

Context: The 20th AVN Awards ceremony, presented by Adult Video News (AVN), took place January 11, 2003 at the Venetian Hotel Grand Ballroom, at Paradise, Nevada, U.S.A.

Context: During the ceremony, AVN presented AVN Awards in nearly 90 categories honoring the best pornographic films released between Oct. 1, 2001 and Sept. 30, 2002.

Context: Comedian Doug Stanhope co-hosted the show for the first time with adult film star Chloe.

Context: 14th AVN Awards

Context: The 14th AVN Awards ceremony, organized by Adult Video News (AVN), took place January 11, 1997 at Riviera Hotel & Casino, Winchester, Nevada, beginning at 7:45 p.m. PST / 10:45 p.m. EST.

Context: During the show, AVN presented AVN Awards (the industry's equivalent of the Academy Awards) in 41 categories honoring the best pornographic films released released between Oct. 1, 1995 and Sept. 30, 1996.

Context: Comedian Bobby Slayton returned as host, with actresses Nici Sterling and Kylie Ireland as co-hosts.

Context: At a pre-awards event held the previous evening, 60 more AVN Awards, mostly for technical achievements, were given out by hostess Dyanna Lauren and comedy ventriloquist Otto of Otto & George, however, the pre-awards event was neither televised nor distributed on VHS tapes as was the main evening’s ceremony.

Context: 24th AVN Awards

Context: The 24th AVN Awards ceremony, presented by Adult Video News (AVN), honored the best pornographic films of 2006 and took place January 13, 2007 at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Paradise, Nevada.

Context: During the ceremony, Adult Video News presented AVN Awards (commonly referred to as the Oscars of porn)) in 119 categories released during the eligibility period, Oct. 1, 2005 to Sept. 30, 2006.

Context: The ceremony, televised in the United States by Playboy TV, was produced and directed by Gary Miller.

Context: Adult film star Jessica Drake hosted for the first time, with comedian Jim Norton, who also co-hosted in 2004.

Context: 15th AVN Awards

Context: The 15th AVN Awards ceremony, organized by Adult Video News (AVN), took place January 10, 1998 at Caesars Palace, in Paradise, Nevada, U.S.A.

Context: During the show, AVN presented AVN Awards (the industry's equivalent of the Academy Awards) in 54 categories honoring the best pornographic films released released between Oct. 1, 1996 and Sept. 30, 1997.

Context: Comedian Robert Schimmel hosted, with adult film actresses Racquel Darrian and Misty Rain as co-hosts.

Context: At a pre-awards cocktail reception held the previous evening, 50 more AVN Awards, mostly for behind-the-scenes achievements, were given out by hosts Nici Sterling and Dave Tyree, however, this event was neither televised nor distributed on VHS tapes as was the main evening's ceremony.

Context: Both events included awards categories for gay movies; the final year the show included both gay and heterosexual awards.

Context: The gay awards were subsequently spun off into a separate show, the GayVN Awards.

Context: 30th AVN Awards

Context: The 30th AVN Awards ceremony, or XXX AVN Awards, was an event during which "Adult Video News" ("AVN") presented its annual AVN Awards to honor the best pornographic movies and adult entertainment products of 2012.

Context: Movies or products released between October 1, 2011 and September 30, 2012 were eligible.

Context: The ceremony was held on January 19, 2013 at The Joint in the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino, Paradise, Nevada.

Context: Comedian April Macie, AVN Hall of Fame inductee Jesse Jane and Asa Akira, who won Female Performer of the Year, hosted the AVN Awards.

Context: The awards show was held immediately after the Adult Entertainment Expo at the same venue.

Context: 26th AVN Awards

Context: The 26th AVN Awards ceremony, presented by Adult Video News (AVN), honored the best pornographic movies of 2008 and took place on January 10, 2009, at the Mandalay Bay Events Center in Paradise, Nevada.

Context: During the ceremony, Adult Video News presented AVN Awards (commonly referred to as Oscars of porn) in 127 categories released between Oct. 1, 2007 and Sept. 30, 2008.

Context: The ceremony, televised in the United States by Showtime, was produced by Gary Miller.

Context: Comedian Thea Vidale hosted the show for the second time, joined on stage by actresses Belladonna and Jenna Haze.


Answer: Roots: The Saga of an American Family

Question: Alex Haley wrote what novel about a man that was born in 1750?

Context: Mama Flora's Family

Context: Mama Flora's Family is a 1997 historical fiction novel by Alex Haley and David Stevens.

Context: The story spans from the 1920s to the 1970s as it follows Flora, a daughter of poor black Mississippi sharecroppers, and her descendants.

Context: Haley died before completing the novel, with Stevens finishing the story line.

Context: George W. Haley

Context: George Williford Boyce Haley (August 28, 1925 – May 13, 2015) was an American attorney, diplomat and policy expert having served under seven presidential administrations.

Context: He was one of two younger brothers to the Pulitzer Prize winner Alex Haley.

Context: Alex Haley's Queen

Context: Alex Haley's Queen (also known as Queen) is a 1993 American television miniseries that aired in three installments on February 14, 16, and 18 on CBS.

Context: The miniseries is an adaptation of the novel "", by Alex Haley and David Stevens.

Context: The novel is based on the life of Queen Jackson Haley, Haley's paternal grandmother.

Context: Alex Haley died in February 1992 before completing the novel.

Context: It was later finished by David Stevens and published in 1993.

Context: Stevens also wrote the screenplay for the miniseries.

Context: Kunta Kinte

Context: Kunta Kinte ( 1750 – 1822; ) is a character in the novel "" by American author Alex Haley.

Context: Haley claimed that Kunta Kinte was based on one of his ancestors: a Gambian man who was born in 1750, enslaved and taken to America and who died in 1822.

Context: Haley said that his account of Kunta's life in "Roots" was a mixture of fact and fiction.

Context: The extent to which Kunta Kinte is based on fact is disputed.

Context: Alex Haley House and Museum

Context: Alex Haley House and Museum State Historic Site is one of the Tennessee Historical Commission's state-owned historic sites and is located in Henning, Tennessee, United States.

Context: It is open to the public and partially funded by an agreement with the Tennessee Historical Commission.

Context: It was originally known as W. E. Palmer House and was the boyhood home of author Alex Haley.

Context: He was buried on the grounds.

Context: The home was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Context: In 2010, the site debuted the state-funded Alex Haley Museum and Interpretive Center which features a museum and interpretive center (designed by architect Louis Pounders) with exhibitions covering Haley's life.

Context: The Autobiography of Malcolm X

Context: The Autobiography of Malcolm X was published in 1965, the result of a collaboration between human rights activist Malcolm X and journalist Alex Haley.

Context: Haley coauthored the autobiography based on a series of in-depth interviews he conducted between 1963 and Malcolm X's 1965 assassination.

Context: The "Autobiography" is a spiritual conversion narrative that outlines Malcolm X's philosophy of black pride, black nationalism, and pan-Africanism.

Context: After the leader was killed, Haley wrote the book's epilogue.

Context: He described their collaborative process and the events at the end of Malcolm X's life.

Context: Simon Haley

Context: Simon Alexander Haley (March 8, 1892 – August 19, 1973) was a professor of agriculture, and father of writer Alex Haley.

Context: He was born in Savannah, Tennessee, to farmer Alexander "Alec" Haley and his wife Queen (Davy) Haley (née Jackson).

Context: Both his parents were born as slaves, and both apparently fathered by white slave owners.

Context: Simon attended Lane College in Jackson, Tennessee, at age 15.

Context: After enlisting in the military during World War I, he married Bertha George Palmer, also a student from Lane.

Context: Simon then finished his master's degree in agriculture at Cornell University.

Context: Bertha died in 1932, and Simon was remarried two years later to professor Zeona Hatcher.

Context: Simon Haley held positions at various southern universities including Alabama A&M just north of Huntsville, Alabama.

Context: He was buried at Little Rock National Cemetery in Little Rock, Arkansas.

Context: Alex Pascall

Context: Alex Pascall, OBE, is a Grenada-born broadcaster, journalist, musician, composer, oral historian and educator.

Context: Based in Britain for over 50 years, he was one of the developers of the Notting Hill Carnival, is a political campaigner and was part of the team behind the birth of Britain's first national black newspaper "The Voice".

Context: Credited with having "established a black presence in the British media", Pascall is most notable as having been one of the first regular Black radio voices in the UK, presenting the programme "Black Londoners" on BBC Radio London for 14 years from 1974.

Context: Initially planned as a test series of six programmes, "Black Londoners" became, in 1978, the first black daily radio show in British history, with prominent guests from the worlds of politics, sport, literature and the arts, including Muhammad Ali, Alex Haley and the Mighty Sparrow.

Context: Roots: The Next Generations

Context: Roots: The Next Generations is an American television miniseries, introduced in 1979, continuing, from 1882 to the 1960s, the fictionalized story of the family of Alex Haley and their life in Henning, Lauderdale County, Tennessee, USA.

Context: (Henning is about 48 miles north of Memphis, which is on the Mississippi River and in the southwest corner of the state, and which was then the largest city in it.)

Context: This sequel to the 1977 miniseries is based on the last seven chapters of Haley's novel entitled "" plus additional material by Haley.

Context: Roots: The Saga of an American Family

Context: Roots: The Saga of an American Family is a novel written by Alex Haley and first published in 1976.

Context: It tells the story of Kunta Kinte, an 18th-century African, captured as an adolescent and sold into slavery in the United States, and later follows his life and the lives of his descendants in the United States down to Haley.

Context: The release of the novel, combined with its hugely popular television adaptation, "Roots" (1977), led to a cultural sensation in the United States, and it is considered to be one of the most important U.S. works of the 20th century.

Context: The novel spent months on "The New York Times" Best Seller List, including 22 weeks in the top spot on that list.

Context: The last seven chapters of the novel were later adapted in the form of a second miniseries, "" (1979).

Context: It stimulated interest in genealogy and appreciation for African-American history.


Answer: BFH

Question: The astronomer who formulated the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis co-authored what landmark paper?

Context: Hans Bethe

Context: Hans Albrecht Bethe (] ; July 2, 1906 – March 6, 2005) was a German and American nuclear physicist who, in addition to making important contributions to astrophysics, quantum electrodynamics and solid-state physics, won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis.

Context: Nucleosynthesis

Context: With the formation of stars, heavier nuclei were created from hydrogen and helium by stellar nucleosynthesis, a process that continues today.

Context: Some of these elements, particularly those lighter than iron, continue to be delivered to the interstellar medium when low mass stars eject their outer envelope before they collapse to form white dwarfs.

Context: The remains of their ejected mass form the planetary nebulae observable throughout our galaxy.

Context: B2FH paper

Context: The BFH paper, named after the initials of the authors of the paper, Margaret Burbidge, Geoffrey Burbidge, William Fowler, and Fred Hoyle, is a landmark paper of stellar physics published in "Reviews of Modern Physics" in 1957.

Context: The formal title of the paper is "Synthesis of the Elements in Stars", but the article is generally referred to only as "BFH".

Context: Fred Hoyle

Context: Sir Fred Hoyle FRS (24 June 1915 – 20 August 2001) was an English astronomer who formulated the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis.

Context: He also held controversial stances on other scientific matters—in particular his rejection of the "Big Bang" theory, a term coined by him on BBC radio, and his promotion of panspermia as the origin of life on Earth.

Context: He also wrote science fiction novels, short stories and radio plays, and co-authored twelve books with his son, Geoffrey Hoyle.

Context: Neutron capture nucleosynthesis

Context: Neutron capture nucleosynthesis describes two nucleosynthesis pathways: the r-process and the s-process, for "rapid" and "slow" neutron captures, respectively.

Context: R-process describes neutron capture in a region of high neutron flux, such as during supernova nucleosynthesis after core-collapse, and yields neutron-rich nuclides.

Context: S-process describes neutron capture that is slow relative to the rate of beta decay, as for stellar nucleosynthesis in some stars, and yields nuclei with stable nuclear shells.

Context: Each process is responsible for roughly half of the observed abundances of elements heavier than iron.

Context: The importance of neutron capture to the observed abundance of the chemical elements was first described in 1957 in the BFH paper.

Context: Boron

Context: Boron is a chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5.

Context: Produced entirely by cosmic ray spallation and supernovae and not by stellar nucleosynthesis, it is a low-abundance element in the Solar system and in the Earth's crust.

Context: Boron is concentrated on Earth by the water-solubility of its more common naturally occurring compounds, the borate minerals.

Context: These are mined industrially as evaporites, such as borax and kernite.

Context: The largest known boron deposits are in Turkey, the largest producer of boron minerals.

Context: Alastair G. W. Cameron

Context: Alastair G. W. (Graham Walter) Cameron (21 June 1925 in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada – 3 October 2005 in Tucson, Arizona, USA) was a Canadian astrophysicist and space scientist who was an eminent staff member of the Astronomy department of Harvard University.

Context: Cameron, the son of a Canadian biochemist, was born in Winnipeg.

Context: He earned his undergraduate degree from the University of Manitoba, and a doctorate from the University of Saskatchewan in 1952.

Context: In 1959 he emigrated to the USA, where he held academic positions at the California Institute of Technology, the Goddard Institute for Space Studies, and at Yeshiva University.

Context: In 1973 he became a professor of astronomy at Harvard University and remained there for 26 years.

Context: From 1976 to 1982 he was chairman of the Space Science Board of the National Academy of Sciences.

Context: He pioneered the theory of stellar nucleosynthesis – the production of chemical elements in stars.

Context: He was also the first to theorize that the formation of the Moon was the result of an extraterrestrial impact on the early Earth by an object at least the size of Mars.

Context: George Gamow

Context: George Gamow (March 4 [O.S. February 20] 1904 August 19, 1968), born Georgiy Antonovich Gamov (Russian: Гео́ргий Анто́нович Га́мов ; ] ), was a theoretical physicist and cosmologist.

Context: He was an early advocate and developer of Lemaître's Big Bang theory.

Context: He discovered a theoretical explanation of alpha decay via quantum tunneling, and worked on radioactive decay of the atomic nucleus, star formation, stellar nucleosynthesis and Big Bang nucleosynthesis (which he collectively called nucleocosmogenesis), and molecular genetics.

Context: John A. Eddy

Context: John Allen "Jack" Eddy (March 25, 1931 – June 10, 2009) was an American astronomer who published professionally under the name John A. Eddy but much of the content referencing him can be found under his nickname Jack which he preferred to use.

Context: In 1976 Dr. Eddy published a landmark paper in Science titled "The Maunder Minimum" where, using the Nineteenth Century works of Edward W. Maunder and Gustav Spörer, he identified a 70-year period from 1645 to 1715 as a time when solar activity all but stopped.

Context: In making the case for the anomaly, he gathered and interpreted data from a wide variety of sources, including first-hand accounts from extant historical observations of the Sun going back to the telescopic observations of Galileo and other contemporary scientists of the 17th and early 18th centuries; from historical reports of the aurora borealis observed in past centuries in Europe and the New World; from visual observations of sunspots seen with the unaided eye at sunrise and sunset in dynastic records from the Orient; from existing descriptions of the eclipsed Sun; and from measurements of carbon-14 in dated tree-rings.

Context: In the last of these, which can be used as a proxy indicator of solar activity, he found evidence of other similar periods of solar quiescence in the distant past, the most recent an even longer 90-year span, from about 1460 until 1550, which he named the Spörer Minimum.

Context: Both the Maunder and Spörer minima fell during the coldest parts of the Little Ice Age, which suggested a meaningful connection between the longer term behavior of the Sun and of the Earth’s mean surface temperature.

Context: In advancing the theory that the Sun is a variable star Eddy observed: "It has long been thought that the Sun is a constant star of regular and repeatable behavior.

Context: Measurements of the radiative output, or solar constant, seem to justify the first assumption, and the record of periodicity in sunspot numbers is taken as evidence of the second.

Context: Both records, however, sample only the most recent history of the Sun."

Context: Stellar nucleosynthesis

Context: Stellar nucleosynthesis is the process by which the natural abundances of the chemical elements within stars change due to nuclear fusion reactions in the cores and their overlying mantles.

Context: Stars are said to evolve (age) with changes in the abundances of the elements within.

Context: Core fusion increases the atomic weight of elements and reduces the number of particles, which would lead to a pressure loss except that gravitation leads to contraction, an increase of temperature, and a balance of forces.

Context: A star loses most of its mass when it is ejected late in the star's lifetime, thereby increasing the abundance of elements heavier than helium in the interstellar medium.

Context: The term supernova nucleosynthesis is used to describe the creation of elements during the evolution and explosion of a pre-supernova star, a concept put forth by Fred Hoyle in 1954.

Context: A stimulus to the development of the theory of nucleosynthesis was the discovery of variations in the abundances of elements found in the universe.

Context: Those abundances, when plotted on a graph as a function of atomic number of the element, have a jagged sawtooth shape that varies by factors of tens of millions.

Context: This suggested a natural process that is not random.

Context: Such a graph of the abundances can be seen at History of nucleosynthesis theory article.

Context: Of the several processes of nucleosynthesis, stellar nucleosynthesis is the dominating contributor to elemental abundances in the universe.


Answer: dream pop influence

Question: The 2015 MTV Video Music Awards pre-show premiered the music video for a love ballad with a prominent what?

Context: Taylor Swift videography

Context: American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift has released four video albums and has appeared in thirty-eight music videos, five films and three television shows.

Context: From her eponymous debut album (2006), she released music videos for the singles "Tim McGraw", "Teardrops on My Guitar", "Our Song", and "Picture to Burn", all directed by Trey Fanjoy and released from 2006–08.

Context: For the second of these, she earned an MTV Video Music Award for Best New Artist nomination.

Context: She followed with three other music videos in 2008—"Beautiful Eyes" from her extended play of the same name, "Change" from the "AT&T Team USA Soundtrack" and "Love Story" from her second album "Fearless" (2008).

Context: The latter was nominated for two awards at the 2009 CMT Music Awards—Video of the Year and Female Video of the Year.

Context: For the video of "You Belong with Me" she won Best Female Video at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards.

Context: During her acceptance speech, she was interrupted by rapper Kanye West, which sparked controversy and received much media attention.

Context: MTV Video Music Award for Best Dance Video

Context: The MTV Video Music Award for Best Dance Video was first awarded in 1989, and it was one of the original four genre categories that were added to the MTV Video Music Awards that year.

Context: With a revamp of the awards in 2007, the category was cut out along with several others, yet it returned for the 2008 awards, where it was given a new name: Best Dancing in a Video.

Context: In 2009 the award for Best Dancing was again eliminated from the VMAs, but it was revived again in 2010 as Best Dance Music Video.

Context: The following year, though, the award was once again absent from the category list.

Context: Once again, the award was revived in 2012, this time under the name of Best Electronic Dance Music Video, celebrating the rise in popularity of EDM throughout the year.

Context: It was again eliminated for the 2013 awards.

Context: On July 17, 2014, MTV brought the category back, this time renaming it the MTV Clubland Award for the 2014 Awards.

Context: The pattern of awarding the moonman every other year continued in 2016 where the award was renamed Best Electronic Video.

Context: List of Good Charlotte awards and nominations

Context: Good Charlotte's songs and albums have received recognition at the MTV Australia Awards, the MTV Europe Music Awards, and the MTV Video Music Awards. "

Context: The Anthem" is the second single from the band's second album "The Young and the Hopeless".

Context: The song was awarded the "Best Rock Video" award from the MTV Video Music Awards Japan and the "Peoples Choice: Favorite International Group" award from the MuchMusic Video Awards.

Context: The band itself has received awards including "Fave International Band" at the Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards, "Best International Group" at the NRJ Music Awards, and "Best International Rock Act" at the TMF Awards.

Context: As of July 2008, Good Charlotte has received eight awards from twenty nominations.

Context: America's Best Dance Crew (season 8)

Context: America’s Best Dance Crew All-Stars: Road to the VMAs was the eighth season of the competitive dance reality television series "America's Best Dance Crew".

Context: The revival of the series was announced by MTV on January 10, 2015, following the show's cancellation in 2012.

Context: The season, which premiered on July 29, 2015, was hosted by television presenter Jason Dundas.

Context: The season consisted of six "Video Music Award"–themed episodes; the winner was crowned in a live episode finale airing before the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards.

Context: Hip hop artist T-Pain, recording artist Teyana Taylor, and Broadway performer Frankie Grande formed the new judging panel.

Context: First of the Year (Equinox)

Context: "First of the Year (Equinox)" is a song by American electronic music producer Skrillex.

Context: It was released on June 7, 2011 as the lead single from his third EP, "More Monsters and Sprites".

Context: The song has since become a moderate commercial success, peaking within the charts of the United States, Australia, Canada, Norway and Sweden.

Context: A music video directed by Tony Truand, produced by HK Corp, premiered on August 10, 2011, and was nominated at the 54th Grammy Awards for Best Short Form Music Video.

Context: The music video was nominated for the MTV Video Music Award for Best Electronic Dance Music Video and it won the award for Best Visual Effects in a Video at 2012 MTV Video Music Awards.

Context: The MTV Video Music Award for Best Alternative Video (also known as Best Alternative Music Video) was first given out at the 1991 MTV Video Music Awards.

Context: Prior to the award being called Best Alternative Video, this award was known as MTV Video Music Award for Best Post-Modern Video in 1989 and 1990.

Context: The last of this award was given out in 1998 to Green Day for their song "Good Riddance (Time of Your Life)".

Context: After the award's discontinuation, artists and videos who would have normally been eligible for this award became eligible for other genre categories, including Best Rock Video.

Context: 2015 MTV Video Music Awards

Context: The 2015 MTV Video Music Awards were held on August 30, 2015.

Context: The 32nd installment of the event was held at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, California, and hosted by Miley Cyrus.

Context: Taylor Swift led the nominations with a total of ten, followed by Ed Sheeran, who had six., bringing his total number of mentions to 13.

Context: Swift's "Wildest Dreams" music video premiered during the pre-show.

Context: Cyrus also announced and released her studio album "Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz", right after her performance at the end of the show.

Context: During his acceptance speech, Kanye West announced that he would be running for the 2020 U.S. Presidential Election.

Context: Taylor Swift won the most awards with four, including Video of the Year and Best Female Video.

Context: The VMA trophies were redesigned by Jeremy Scott.

Context: Lady Gaga videography

Context: American singer Lady Gaga has released three video albums and has been featured in twenty-eight music videos.

Context: From her debut album "The Fame" (2008), she released music videos for the singles "Just Dance", "Poker Face", "LoveGame" and "Paparazzi".

Context: In the latter, she portrays a doomed starlet taking revenge on her lover.

Context: She reissued her first album as "The Fame Monster" (2009), preceded by a music video for the lead single "Bad Romance", which won a Grammy Award for Best Music Video and seven MTV Video Music Awards, including Video of the Year in 2010.

Context: The following year, Jonas Åkerlund directed the music video for "Telephone"—a continuation of "Paparazzi"—which was shot as a short film.

Context: The video received an MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year nomination, and was named the Best Music Video of the Decade by "Billboard" in January 2015.

Context: For her 2010 video "Alejandro", Gaga received positive review from critics, though she was criticized by the Catholic League that alleged blasphemy.

Context: MTV Video Music Brazil

Context: The MTV Video Music Brazil awards (originally Video Music Awards Brazil), more commonly known as VMB, were MTV Brasil's annual award ceremony, established in 1995.

Context: MTV viewers picked the winners for most categories since 2001.

Context: Unlike in the MTV Video Music Awards, the most important category at the MTV Video Music Brazil was the Viewer's Choice, not the Video of the Year; both of these categories merged in 2005.

Context: In 2007, the awards have faced a major rebranding, with several categories extinguished (most notably the specific genre divisions) and even the trophies' design changed; from this year on, the awards were no longer focused on music videos, but on the artists, and the most important category became the Artist of the Year.

Context: However, the Video of the Year category existed to award the best music video.

Context: Kelly Clarkson videography

Context: American singer Kelly Clarkson has released two video albums and has appeared in thirty-seven music videos.

Context: In 2002, she made her debut music video appearance for the video "Before Your Love", which was immediately released after winning the premiere season of the television series competition "American Idol".

Context: A accompanying video for "Before Your Love"'s companion single "A Moment Like This" was also issued later that year.

Context: From her debut album "Thankful" (2003), Clarkson released music videos for the singles "Miss Independent", "Low", and "The Trouble with Love Is", the foremost of which earned her three MTV Video Music Award nominations, including Best New Artist in a Video.

Context: "Thankful" was immediately followed by the release of Clarkson's debut video album "Miss Independent" that same year.

Context: In 2004, a music video for her single "Breakaway" was released to promote the Disney feature film "".

Context: Clarkson's sophomore studio album "Breakaway" (2004) issued accompanying music videos for its singles "Since U Been Gone", "Behind These Hazel Eyes", "Because of You", "Walk Away", and an additional live video for "Breakaway".

Context: The videos for "Since U Been Gone" and "Because of You" earned a total of three MTV Video Music Awards and a MuchMusic Video Award.

Context: Clarkson's second video album "Behind Hazel Eyes" was released in 2005 as a companion piece to "Breakaway".


Answer: Chief of Protocol

Question: What government position was held by the woman who portrayed Corliss Archer in the film Kiss and Tell?

Context: A Kiss for Corliss

Context: A Kiss for Corliss is a 1949 American comedy film directed by Richard Wallace and written by Howard Dimsdale.

Context: It stars Shirley Temple in her final starring role as well as her final film appearance.

Context: It is a sequel to the 1945 film "Kiss and Tell".

Context: "A Kiss for Corliss" was retitled "Almost a Bride" before release and this title appears in the title sequence.

Context: The film was released on November 25, 1949, by United Artists.

Context: Lord High Treasurer

Context: The post of Lord High Treasurer or Lord Treasurer was an English government position and has been a British government position since the Acts of Union of 1707.

Context: A holder of the post would be the third-highest-ranked Great Officer of State, below the Lord High Steward and the Lord High Chancellor.

Context: Meet Corliss Archer (TV series)

Context: Meet Corliss Archer is an American television sitcom that aired on CBS (July 13, 1951 - August 10, 1951) and in syndication via the Ziv Company from April to December 1954.

Context: The program was an adaptation of the radio series of the same name, which was based on a series of short stories by F. Hugh Herbert.

Context: Village accountant

Context: The Village Accountant (variously known as "Patwari", "Talati", "Patel", "Karnam", "Adhikari", "Shanbogaru","Patnaik" etc.) is an administrative government position found in rural parts of the Indian sub-continent.

Context: The office and the officeholder are called the "patwari" in Telangana, Bengal, North India and in Pakistan while in Sindh it is called "tapedar".

Context: The position is known as the "karnam" in Andhra Pradesh, "patnaik" in Orissa or "adhikari" in Tamil Nadu, while it is commonly known as the "talati" in Karnataka, Gujarat and Maharashtra.

Context: The position was known as the "kulkarni" in Northern Karnataka and Maharashtra.

Context: The position was known as the "shanbogaru" in South Karnataka.

Context: Joseph Kalite

Context: Joseph Kalite (died 24 January 2014) was a Central African politician.

Context: As a government minister he either held the housing or health portfolio.

Context: Kalite, a Muslim, was reported to be killed by anti-balaka outside the Central Mosque in the capital Bangui during the Central African Republic conflict.

Context: He was killed with machetes on the day in Bangui after interim president Catherine Samba-Panza took power.

Context: At the time of the attack Kalite held no government position, nor did he under the Séléka rule.

Context: He was reported to have supported the rule of Séléka leader Michel Djotodia.

Context: Charles Craft

Context: Charles Craft (May 9, 1902 – September 19, 1968) was an English-born American film and television editor.

Context: Born in the county of Hampshire in England on May 9, 1902, Craft would enter the film industry in Hollywood in 1927.

Context: The first film he edited was the Universal Pictures silent film, "Painting the Town".

Context: Over the next 25 years, Craft would edit 90 feature-length films.

Context: In the early 1950s he would switch his focus to the small screen, his first show being "Racket Squad", from 1951–53, for which he was the main editor, editing 93 of the 98 episodes.

Context: He would work on several other series during the 1950s, including "Meet Corliss Archer" (1954), "Science Fiction Theatre" (1955–56), and "Highway Patrol" (1955–57).

Context: In the late 1950s and early 1960s he was one of the main editors on "Sea Hunt", starring Lloyd Bridges, editing over half of the episodes.

Context: His final film work would be editing "Flipper's New Adventure" (1964, the sequel to 1963's "Flipper".

Context: When the film was made into a television series, Craft would begin the editing duties on that show, editing the first 28 episodes before he retired in 1966.

Context: Craft died on September 19, 1968 in Los Angeles, California.

Context: Meet Corliss Archer

Context: Meet Corliss Archer, a program from radio's Golden Age, ran from January 7, 1943 to September 30, 1956.

Context: Although it was CBS's answer to NBC's popular "A Date with Judy", it was also broadcast by NBC in 1948 as a summer replacement for "The Bob Hope Show".

Context: From October 3, 1952 to June 26, 1953, it aired on ABC, finally returning to CBS.

Context: Despite the program's long run, fewer than 24 episodes are known to exist.

Context: Janet Waldo

Context: Janet Marie Waldo (February 4, 1920 – June 12, 2016) was an American radio and voice actress.

Context: She is best known in animation for voicing Judy Jetson, Nancy in "Shazzan", Penelope Pitstop, and Josie in "Josie and the Pussycats", and on radio as the title character in "Meet Corliss Archer".

Context: Kiss and Tell (1945 film)

Context: Kiss and Tell is a 1945 American comedy film starring then 17-year-old Shirley Temple as Corliss Archer.

Context: In the film, two teenage girls cause their respective parents much concern when they start to become interested in boys.

Context: The parents' bickering about which girl is the worse influence causes more problems than it solves.

Context: The office of Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs was a British Government position, created in 2003.

Context: Certain functions of the Lord Chancellor which related to the Lord Chancellor's Department were transferred to the Secretary of State.

Context: At a later date further functions were also transferred to the Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs from the First Secretary of State, a position within the government held by the Deputy Prime Minister.


Answer: Ant-Man

Question: Name the movie that was cowritten by Paul Rudd and the director of the 2011 British science fiction horror comedy film written and directed by Joe Cornish and starring John Boyega, Nick Frost, Jodie Whittaker and Luke Treadaway.

Context: You Instead

Context: You Instead (alternate U.S. title Tonight You're Mine) is a 2011 British "Rock 'n' roll romantic comedy" written by Thomas Leveritt and directed by David Mackenzie.

Context: The film stars Luke Treadaway, Natalia Tena, Gavin Mitchell and Alastair Mackenzie.

Context: Set at T in the Park music festival and shot by Sigma Films, two feuding rock stars are handcuffed together at a festival where they are due to perform.

Context: Attack the Block

Context: Attack the Block is a 2011 British science fiction horror comedy film written and directed by Joe Cornish and starring John Boyega, Nick Frost, Jodie Whittaker and Luke Treadaway.

Context: It was the film debut of Cornish, Boyega and future Academy Award-winning composer Steven Price.

Context: Ant-Man (film)

Context: Ant-Man is a 2015 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics characters of the same name: Scott Lang and Hank Pym.

Context: Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the twelfth film of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU).

Context: The film was directed by Peyton Reed, with a screenplay by the writing teams Edgar Wright and Joe Cornish, and Adam McKay and Paul Rudd, and stars Rudd, Evangeline Lilly, Corey Stoll, Bobby Cannavale, Michael Peña, Tip "T.I." Harris, Anthony Mackie, Wood Harris, Judy Greer, David Dastmalchian, and Michael Douglas.

Context: In "Ant-Man", Lang must help defend Pym's Ant-Man shrinking technology and plot a heist with worldwide ramifications.

Context: Paul (film)

Context: Paul is a 2011 science fiction road comedy film directed by Greg Mottola and written by and starring Simon Pegg and Nick Frost.

Context: The film is about two science fiction geeks who meet an extraterrestrial being, voiced by Seth Rogen, with a sarcastic manner and an appetite for alcohol and cigarettes.

Context: They help the alien escape the FBI agents pursuing him, so he is able to return to his home planet.

Context: The film contains numerous references to other science fiction films, especially those of Steven Spielberg, as well as to general science fiction fandom.

Context: Joe Cornish

Context: Joseph Murray Cornish (born 20 December 1968) is an English comedian, television and radio presenter, film director, writer and actor, who together with his long-time comedy partner, Adam Buxton, forms the comedy duo Adam and Joe.

Context: In 2011, Cornish released his directorial debut "Attack the Block".

Context: He has also co-written "", with Steven Moffat and Edgar Wright, and "Ant-Man", with Wright, Adam McKay and Paul Rudd.

Context: Brothers of the Head

Context: Brothers of the Head is a 2005 mockumentary featuring the story of Tom and Barry Howe (Harry and Luke Treadaway respectively), conjoined twins living in the United Kingdom.

Context: It was based on the 1977 novel of the same name by science fiction writer Brian Aldiss.

Context: Consuming Passion

Context: Consuming Passion is a 2008 British drama which features three interwoven stories celebrating the centenary of the publishing house Mills and Boon.

Context: Each of the stories concerns a central female character who is somehow connected with the publisher.

Context: It was shown for the first time on BBC Four at 9:00 p.m. on Sunday 2 November 2008, and starred Emilia Fox, Jodie Whittaker, Olivia Colman and Daniel Mays.

Context: It was written by Emma Frost and directed by Dan Zeff.

Context: Hello Carter

Context: Hello Carter is a 2013 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Anthony Wilcox and starring Charlie Cox and Jodie Whittaker.

Context: The film is based on Wilcox's 2011 short film of the same name.

Context: It is also Wilcox's directorial debut.

Context: Public Sex (film)

Context: Public Sex (Original title: Dogging: A Love Story) is a British romantic comedy film released in 2009 starring Luke Treadaway, Kate Heppell, Justine Glenton, and Richard Reddell, directed by Simon Ellis and written by Michael Groom and Brock Norman Brock.

Context: The film was originally titled "Dogging: A Love Story", but the title was changed to "Public Sex" when released in the United States.

Context: The Adventures of Tintin (film)

Context: The Adventures of Tintin, known as The Adventures of Tintin: The Secret of the Unicorn outside North America, is a 2011 3D motion capture computer-animated mystery adventure comedy film based on "The Adventures of Tintin", the comics series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé.

Context: Directed by Steven Spielberg, produced by Peter Jackson, and written by Steven Moffat, Edgar Wright and Joe Cornish, the film is based on three of Hergé's albums: "The Crab with the Golden Claws" (1941), "The Secret of the Unicorn" (1943), and "Red Rackham's Treasure" (1944).

Context: The cast includes Jamie Bell, Andy Serkis, Daniel Craig, Nick Frost and Simon Pegg.