[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No, the health workers or patients?

[Assistant] The patients.

[User] They don’t, that one I can’t lie to you whether they follow the treatment prescribed or not, but during the hospital we could try, but when you discharge them you don’t know.

[Assistant] Which means you are not aware if they are adherent to treatment or not?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] And it means the one whom you told me came in after two years and if you did an earlier follow up, they were not able to come back on that follow up date!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] They don’t, that one I can’t lie to you whether they follow the treatment prescribed or not, but during the hospital we could try, but when you discharge them you don’t know.

[Assistant] Which means you are not aware if they are adherent to treatment or not?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] And it means the one whom you told me came in after two years and if you did an earlier follow up, they were not able to come back on that follow up date!

[User] Yes, the challenge which I saw is if you follow in the medications they were taking, you find that they weren’t there. Then if the medication is not there in the hospital then why would you follow up a patient in the village if they are telling you they don’t have money to buy the drugs? Sometimes you find that you need a medication but the patient has to go and buy at the pharmacy, so the challenge begins exactly at the hospital.

[Assistant] So what sort of barriers do the patients commonly state to getting care they need?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] And it means the one whom you told me came in after two years and if you did an earlier follow up, they were not able to come back on that follow up date!

[User] Yes, the challenge which I saw is if you follow in the medications they were taking, you find that they weren’t there. Then if the medication is not there in the hospital then why would you follow up a patient in the village if they are telling you they don’t have money to buy the drugs? Sometimes you find that you need a medication but the patient has to go and buy at the pharmacy, so the challenge begins exactly at the hospital.

[Assistant] So what sort of barriers do the patients commonly state to getting care they need?

[User] The first one is about seeing health workers. In Uganda, seeing a health worker is not easy except if the health worker also left. Coming here, you realize that someone is in line, like that one with a heart failure must go to OPD and yet he has difficulty in breathing, so he is seated in a chair and is going to wait for 5 hours when nobody has seen him. So I think what we have to improve is, I don’t know how we can do it, but it is the health worker to patient relationship or our attitude at places of work. Because, you find that sometimes there are many people and there’s only one person and in some places you find that there are no doctors. Sometimes you find patients have to travel long distances. Leave alone Kampala where there are many health centers, but when you are deep in the village, someone tells you I need to use 20,000shs - 30,000shs on boda to come to the hospital, but then he reaches and there’s a problem getting medication. So he decides, “next time let me try my herbal medicine and see’

[Assistant] Which means we as health workers become barriers to patients coming to seek treatment and our attitude also towards patient management!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes. Like when they have been making tables (kimeeza) and they talk to the patients.

[Assistant] A ‘kimeeza’ is like a political rally!

[User] It’s like a political gathering in the community and they talk a lot of things, but instead of coming to the health unit first and understand such that when you make your ‘kimeeza’, when people bring up something then you react with information on the ground. But for them, they react and make comments without coming on ground to find out what’s happening to the facility. You find that you don’t have things to use but people can’t believe because for them they saw a track bringing in medication, and yet you are telling a patient to go buy something. So it becomes a problem to us to do our work, not only in RHD but generally.

[Assistant] My next question is funding for health care in general and Rheumatic Heart Disease in particular; are you aware of any funding in the health facility for the different health conditions and Rheumatic Heart Disease in particular? Are you aware of any funding in the hospital?

[User] Yeah. Generally, it’s a government hospital where we work so most of the things, the drugs and payment of the workers comes from the government. But we have other stakeholders that help with other things, like for HIV, it is Mildmay. Then there are these non- communicable disease like hypertension and diabetes; I think they are for the Uganda Virus Research Institute. There’s IDI that deals in circumcision in the unit.

[Assistant] IDI is Infectious Disease Institute?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It’s like a political gathering in the community and they talk a lot of things, but instead of coming to the health unit first and understand such that when you make your ‘kimeeza’, when people bring up something then you react with information on the ground. But for them, they react and make comments without coming on ground to find out what’s happening to the facility. You find that you don’t have things to use but people can’t believe because for them they saw a track bringing in medication, and yet you are telling a patient to go buy something. So it becomes a problem to us to do our work, not only in RHD but generally.

[Assistant] My next question is funding for health care in general and Rheumatic Heart Disease in particular; are you aware of any funding in the health facility for the different health conditions and Rheumatic Heart Disease in particular? Are you aware of any funding in the hospital?

[User] Yeah. Generally, it’s a government hospital where we work so most of the things, the drugs and payment of the workers comes from the government. But we have other stakeholders that help with other things, like for HIV, it is Mildmay. Then there are these non- communicable disease like hypertension and diabetes; I think they are for the Uganda Virus Research Institute. There’s IDI that deals in circumcision in the unit.

[Assistant] IDI is Infectious Disease Institute?

[User] Yes, they help us with circumcision but with Rheumatic Heart Disease, it might be there but I haven’t heard about that.

[Assistant] So you have not heard about funding for RHD?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yeah. Generally, it’s a government hospital where we work so most of the things, the drugs and payment of the workers comes from the government. But we have other stakeholders that help with other things, like for HIV, it is Mildmay. Then there are these non- communicable disease like hypertension and diabetes; I think they are for the Uganda Virus Research Institute. There’s IDI that deals in circumcision in the unit.

[Assistant] IDI is Infectious Disease Institute?

[User] Yes, they help us with circumcision but with Rheumatic Heart Disease, it might be there but I haven’t heard about that.

[Assistant] So you have not heard about funding for RHD?

[User] No, I haven’t heard.

[Assistant] So about the healthcare workers, tell me about the numbers; how are the barriers of their numbers, qualifications and the quality of care they provide? How is it a barrier to provision of care? Do they provide the quality of care that’s needed for workers?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, they help us with circumcision but with Rheumatic Heart Disease, it might be there but I haven’t heard about that.

[Assistant] So you have not heard about funding for RHD?

[User] No, I haven’t heard.

[Assistant] So about the healthcare workers, tell me about the numbers; how are the barriers of their numbers, qualifications and the quality of care they provide? How is it a barrier to provision of care? Do they provide the quality of care that’s needed for workers?

[User] Those ones we have.

[Assistant] How about the numbers?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No, I haven’t heard.

[Assistant] So about the healthcare workers, tell me about the numbers; how are the barriers of their numbers, qualifications and the quality of care they provide? How is it a barrier to provision of care? Do they provide the quality of care that’s needed for workers?

[User] Those ones we have.

[Assistant] How about the numbers?

[User] They are few compared to patients. I think because the number of people who are supposed to be in health centers was paused before and people have not taken time to review, for example, our midwifery unit has three qualified midwives to work there, but that’s where you have a post-operative where you have expectant mothers, antenatal care which can get more than 80 mothers a day and a labor suite which can deliver more than 5 mothers a day. So you have a very busy ward. Now if you have three (midwives) and one is at antenatal working on 80 mothers, do you expect her to take the correct thing even if she’s qualified? You have one in post-operative, one in labor suite with two mothers, then who do you think is working at night and who is going to be off? That’s one of the biggest challenges. So when you go to other departments, like I told you, we currently have 2 medical officers in the unit and two clinical officers. We have a theatre which is operating and it’s very busy, then we also have non- communicable diseases. So this means that some units where there are supposed to be a medical officer, you just get a nurse to be there and yet you wanted someone more than a nurse to be there. So we have limited numbers.

[Assistant] So what you are saying is that with the few numbers of health workers, it affects the quality of care you give to the patents. Although they are qualified, they are few and this means that the quality of care they give to patients is poor because of the patient numbers.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Those ones we have.

[Assistant] How about the numbers?

[User] They are few compared to patients. I think because the number of people who are supposed to be in health centers was paused before and people have not taken time to review, for example, our midwifery unit has three qualified midwives to work there, but that’s where you have a post-operative where you have expectant mothers, antenatal care which can get more than 80 mothers a day and a labor suite which can deliver more than 5 mothers a day. So you have a very busy ward. Now if you have three (midwives) and one is at antenatal working on 80 mothers, do you expect her to take the correct thing even if she’s qualified? You have one in post-operative, one in labor suite with two mothers, then who do you think is working at night and who is going to be off? That’s one of the biggest challenges. So when you go to other departments, like I told you, we currently have 2 medical officers in the unit and two clinical officers. We have a theatre which is operating and it’s very busy, then we also have non- communicable diseases. So this means that some units where there are supposed to be a medical officer, you just get a nurse to be there and yet you wanted someone more than a nurse to be there. So we have limited numbers.

[Assistant] So what you are saying is that with the few numbers of health workers, it affects the quality of care you give to the patents. Although they are qualified, they are few and this means that the quality of care they give to patients is poor because of the patient numbers.

[User] Yeah.

[Assistant] So what about the waiting time?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yeah.

[Assistant] So what about the waiting time?

[User] It depends on the unit where you are. As I told you, at the out-patient department it will take some time because you may find two consultation rooms and yet the patients are many. So you have to take a lot of time; there’s no doubt about that. Another challenge is that if you are in other departments, even what to use is a problem! Like I told you that if I need to do something, I need to tell a patient that you go and buy this, and then they say I don’t have money.

[Assistant] So tell me about the health system barriers in regards to medications. You were telling me about medication particularly benzyl penicillin, anti-coagulation and heart failure drugs; do you have them?

[User] Yes, we have. Like for example, benzyl penicillin, but it gets out of stock sometimes. They do bring for us but after sometime we run out of stock.

[Assistant] Which means that they give you a good number to handle your patients? You have no issues with that?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It depends on the unit where you are. As I told you, at the out-patient department it will take some time because you may find two consultation rooms and yet the patients are many. So you have to take a lot of time; there’s no doubt about that. Another challenge is that if you are in other departments, even what to use is a problem! Like I told you that if I need to do something, I need to tell a patient that you go and buy this, and then they say I don’t have money.

[Assistant] So tell me about the health system barriers in regards to medications. You were telling me about medication particularly benzyl penicillin, anti-coagulation and heart failure drugs; do you have them?

[User] Yes, we have. Like for example, benzyl penicillin, but it gets out of stock sometimes. They do bring for us but after sometime we run out of stock.

[Assistant] Which means that they give you a good number to handle your patients? You have no issues with that?

[User] The issue with what?

[Assistant] With all the drugs.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, we have. Like for example, benzyl penicillin, but it gets out of stock sometimes. They do bring for us but after sometime we run out of stock.

[Assistant] Which means that they give you a good number to handle your patients? You have no issues with that?

[User] The issue with what?

[Assistant] With all the drugs.

[User] For the issues, we have. Maybe those of family planning don’t have (issues), but the rest do. For family planning and ARVs, the drugs are ever there.

[Assistant] What about the anti-coagulants?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] The issue with what?

[Assistant] With all the drugs.

[User] For the issues, we have. Maybe those of family planning don’t have (issues), but the rest do. For family planning and ARVs, the drugs are ever there.

[Assistant] What about the anti-coagulants?

[User] I have not seen anti-coagulants in our unit.

[Assistant] Which means that’s a hindrance! Like, when you get an RHD patient there will be no way to provide care without those medications!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] For the issues, we have. Maybe those of family planning don’t have (issues), but the rest do. For family planning and ARVs, the drugs are ever there.

[Assistant] What about the anti-coagulants?

[User] I have not seen anti-coagulants in our unit.

[Assistant] Which means that’s a hindrance! Like, when you get an RHD patient there will be no way to provide care without those medications!

[User] We just refer.

[Assistant] That’s a Health Center IV for goodness’ sake, so for someone to come to the heart Institute, they would have to get the initial care they need before they reach there. Sometimes they get sick in the night, you have those kind of things at least they need they such that they get the care they need.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I have not seen anti-coagulants in our unit.

[Assistant] Which means that’s a hindrance! Like, when you get an RHD patient there will be no way to provide care without those medications!

[User] We just refer.

[Assistant] That’s a Health Center IV for goodness’ sake, so for someone to come to the heart Institute, they would have to get the initial care they need before they reach there. Sometimes they get sick in the night, you have those kind of things at least they need they such that they get the care they need.

[User] Indeed, they get it.

[Assistant] So tell me about diagnostics for example the cardiography and those other types of ...


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We just refer.

[Assistant] That’s a Health Center IV for goodness’ sake, so for someone to come to the heart Institute, they would have to get the initial care they need before they reach there. Sometimes they get sick in the night, you have those kind of things at least they need they such that they get the care they need.

[User] Indeed, they get it.

[Assistant] So tell me about diagnostics for example the cardiography and those other types of ...

[User] First of all, we have the laboratory so it’s good we can do all things. But for these things of culture, we don’t do.

[Assistant] Culture and sensitivity?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Indeed, they get it.

[Assistant] So tell me about diagnostics for example the cardiography and those other types of ...

[User] First of all, we have the laboratory so it’s good we can do all things. But for these things of culture, we don’t do.

[Assistant] Culture and sensitivity?

[User] Yeah, we don’t do. ECG, even a mere ultra sound we don’t, or even the ECG I can't even comment now!

[Assistant] Do you have an Echo Cardiography?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] First of all, we have the laboratory so it’s good we can do all things. But for these things of culture, we don’t do.

[Assistant] Culture and sensitivity?

[User] Yeah, we don’t do. ECG, even a mere ultra sound we don’t, or even the ECG I can't even comment now!

[Assistant] Do you have an Echo Cardiography?

[User] No, we don’t.

[Assistant] Then that’s also a barrier!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yeah, we don’t do. ECG, even a mere ultra sound we don’t, or even the ECG I can't even comment now!

[Assistant] Do you have an Echo Cardiography?

[User] No, we don’t.

[Assistant] Then that’s also a barrier!

[User] Yeah, that’s what I told you that when I get a patient and I feel they need it, I write and tell them to go and do ECG.

[Assistant] So tell me about the health information system at the hospital; how are those systems interlinked? Okay, tell me how the medical records system is generally. How is your record keeping? Do you have a register where you keep them or an electric way of saving information?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No, we don’t.

[Assistant] Then that’s also a barrier!

[User] Yeah, that’s what I told you that when I get a patient and I feel they need it, I write and tell them to go and do ECG.

[Assistant] So tell me about the health information system at the hospital; how are those systems interlinked? Okay, tell me how the medical records system is generally. How is your record keeping? Do you have a register where you keep them or an electric way of saving information?

[User] I think record keeping is good because they particularly have a person who is supposed to do that in the unit, and then every unit has a book in which they record each and every patient they see all their demographics, diagnosis and treatment they have given and the registration numbers of a patient. Then data is got by that records person, summarized, saved electronically and then at the end of the month, he has to give a summary of what the patients we have in each unit and conditions, and then sends to the district. So I think the record system is not a big issue.

[Assistant] You said every different unit has a book where they register the patients!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yeah, that’s what I told you that when I get a patient and I feel they need it, I write and tell them to go and do ECG.

[Assistant] So tell me about the health information system at the hospital; how are those systems interlinked? Okay, tell me how the medical records system is generally. How is your record keeping? Do you have a register where you keep them or an electric way of saving information?

[User] I think record keeping is good because they particularly have a person who is supposed to do that in the unit, and then every unit has a book in which they record each and every patient they see all their demographics, diagnosis and treatment they have given and the registration numbers of a patient. Then data is got by that records person, summarized, saved electronically and then at the end of the month, he has to give a summary of what the patients we have in each unit and conditions, and then sends to the district. So I think the record system is not a big issue.

[Assistant] You said every different unit has a book where they register the patients!

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Are those different medical systems interrelated or integrated in a way that you are able to access information from the different units?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I think record keeping is good because they particularly have a person who is supposed to do that in the unit, and then every unit has a book in which they record each and every patient they see all their demographics, diagnosis and treatment they have given and the registration numbers of a patient. Then data is got by that records person, summarized, saved electronically and then at the end of the month, he has to give a summary of what the patients we have in each unit and conditions, and then sends to the district. So I think the record system is not a big issue.

[Assistant] You said every different unit has a book where they register the patients!

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Are those different medical systems interrelated or integrated in a way that you are able to access information from the different units?

[User] Yes, you can access information from that unit although I have not seen people trying to access it a lot, but if you want it’s there.

[Assistant] So do you have specific registers for specific conditions? For example, patients who come with hypertension and DM, do you have specific registers for them?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Are those different medical systems interrelated or integrated in a way that you are able to access information from the different units?

[User] Yes, you can access information from that unit although I have not seen people trying to access it a lot, but if you want it’s there.

[Assistant] So do you have specific registers for specific conditions? For example, patients who come with hypertension and DM, do you have specific registers for them?

[User] Yes, like we a have specific register for TB. Like I told, we have non-communicables, so the book is there.

[Assistant] What about registers for acute rheumatic fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease? Do you have those too?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, you can access information from that unit although I have not seen people trying to access it a lot, but if you want it’s there.

[Assistant] So do you have specific registers for specific conditions? For example, patients who come with hypertension and DM, do you have specific registers for them?

[User] Yes, like we a have specific register for TB. Like I told, we have non-communicables, so the book is there.

[Assistant] What about registers for acute rheumatic fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease? Do you have those too?

[User] I don’t think so.

[Assistant] You don’t think so, because you have never seen them?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, like we a have specific register for TB. Like I told, we have non-communicables, so the book is there.

[Assistant] What about registers for acute rheumatic fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease? Do you have those too?

[User] I don’t think so.

[Assistant] You don’t think so, because you have never seen them?

[User] Yes, I have not seen them because I would have seen them if they were there.

[Assistant] Do you have guidelines and protocols for Rheumatic Heart Disease at the hospital?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I don’t think so.

[Assistant] You don’t think so, because you have never seen them?

[User] Yes, I have not seen them because I would have seen them if they were there.

[Assistant] Do you have guidelines and protocols for Rheumatic Heart Disease at the hospital?

[User] No, it’s not there?

[Assistant] So what are your referral pathways in case you have received a patient presenting the symptoms you have described?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No, it’s not there?

[Assistant] So what are your referral pathways in case you have received a patient presenting the symptoms you have described?

[User] When I get a patient, I just refer directly to Uganda Heart Institute.

[Assistant] [laughs]

[User] Because for me I am close, but if I was far I would send to a regional referral hospital. At least it’s in Wakiso where I know you cannot get any disturbances.

[Assistant] Now, I need to know about the local system enablers; what motivates you to come from wherever you come from to work?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] When I get a patient, I just refer directly to Uganda Heart Institute.

[Assistant] [laughs]

[User] Because for me I am close, but if I was far I would send to a regional referral hospital. At least it’s in Wakiso where I know you cannot get any disturbances.

[Assistant] Now, I need to know about the local system enablers; what motivates you to come from wherever you come from to work?

[User] The most important thing is the calling, and when the patients improve, there’s a way it feels in the heart; you feel so happy. Other things are additional but the important thing is seeing the patients feeling better. Because, you can’t treat a baby of four months but if you see the baby who had convulsions and fever improving, you feel so nice. In addition to that, our administration doctor who works for us is a very good man and very welcoming. You have to talk when you have problem, so we work as a community and when at work, you feel like you have reached home. There’s no big issue in the unit.

[Assistant] Which means the leadership at the hospital has enabled you to be able to provide your care!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Because for me I am close, but if I was far I would send to a regional referral hospital. At least it’s in Wakiso where I know you cannot get any disturbances.

[Assistant] Now, I need to know about the local system enablers; what motivates you to come from wherever you come from to work?

[User] The most important thing is the calling, and when the patients improve, there’s a way it feels in the heart; you feel so happy. Other things are additional but the important thing is seeing the patients feeling better. Because, you can’t treat a baby of four months but if you see the baby who had convulsions and fever improving, you feel so nice. In addition to that, our administration doctor who works for us is a very good man and very welcoming. You have to talk when you have problem, so we work as a community and when at work, you feel like you have reached home. There’s no big issue in the unit.

[Assistant] Which means the leadership at the hospital has enabled you to be able to provide your care!

[User] Yeah.

[Assistant] And has the district done the same?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] The most important thing is the calling, and when the patients improve, there’s a way it feels in the heart; you feel so happy. Other things are additional but the important thing is seeing the patients feeling better. Because, you can’t treat a baby of four months but if you see the baby who had convulsions and fever improving, you feel so nice. In addition to that, our administration doctor who works for us is a very good man and very welcoming. You have to talk when you have problem, so we work as a community and when at work, you feel like you have reached home. There’s no big issue in the unit.

[Assistant] Which means the leadership at the hospital has enabled you to be able to provide your care!

[User] Yeah.

[Assistant] And has the district done the same?

[User] Even the district has no big issues. Normally we take long to communicate to the district, but it’s mainly the in-charge who communicates to them if there’s a problem and they will communicate if there’s a way to solve your issues in your place. Even when they are not around, they have been able to solve our problems.

[Assistant] So according to you, do you think the general funding enables you to provide the care that you need to the patients?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yeah.

[Assistant] And has the district done the same?

[User] Even the district has no big issues. Normally we take long to communicate to the district, but it’s mainly the in-charge who communicates to them if there’s a problem and they will communicate if there’s a way to solve your issues in your place. Even when they are not around, they have been able to solve our problems.

[Assistant] So according to you, do you think the general funding enables you to provide the care that you need to the patients?

[User] No, they are not because funds have to be pushed first in training those health workers. Because now, patients with rheumatic heart failure and fevers may be bypassing the health workers but maybe the health workers can’t recognize. So there must be specific funds for training health workers to understand, and also put the diagnostics in place to help the patients because if these two are not there, you might think that you have no rheumatic heart patient in Wakiso when you have like ten of them!

[Assistant] So what you are saying is that to you, the funding is not enough!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Even the district has no big issues. Normally we take long to communicate to the district, but it’s mainly the in-charge who communicates to them if there’s a problem and they will communicate if there’s a way to solve your issues in your place. Even when they are not around, they have been able to solve our problems.

[Assistant] So according to you, do you think the general funding enables you to provide the care that you need to the patients?

[User] No, they are not because funds have to be pushed first in training those health workers. Because now, patients with rheumatic heart failure and fevers may be bypassing the health workers but maybe the health workers can’t recognize. So there must be specific funds for training health workers to understand, and also put the diagnostics in place to help the patients because if these two are not there, you might think that you have no rheumatic heart patient in Wakiso when you have like ten of them!

[Assistant] So what you are saying is that to you, the funding is not enough!

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] So, I was saying the health worker numbers, are they working for you?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No, they are not because funds have to be pushed first in training those health workers. Because now, patients with rheumatic heart failure and fevers may be bypassing the health workers but maybe the health workers can’t recognize. So there must be specific funds for training health workers to understand, and also put the diagnostics in place to help the patients because if these two are not there, you might think that you have no rheumatic heart patient in Wakiso when you have like ten of them!

[Assistant] So what you are saying is that to you, the funding is not enough!

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] So, I was saying the health worker numbers, are they working for you?

[User] No, they don’t. Like I told you, we are few. Someone can come here and say that they are sick or that he left home with severe headache but he has been sitting here.

[Assistant] So you are saying the health care numbers don't enable you to provide the care the way you need to!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] So, I was saying the health worker numbers, are they working for you?

[User] No, they don’t. Like I told you, we are few. Someone can come here and say that they are sick or that he left home with severe headache but he has been sitting here.

[Assistant] So you are saying the health care numbers don't enable you to provide the care the way you need to!

[User] Because, for example, you may go to the unit when the doctor doing the operation hasn’t reviewed the post operatives and yet he has those he operated on back for review, and then they are called to the OPD because sometimes they call you when they have a patient but you sometimes fail to go there because you may find that you have five caesarian sections. So you tell them I will come but by the time it is seven, you have to go home, then you say I didn’t see the patient which they called you for.

[Assistant] Which means the numbers also affect your quality of care; they don’t enable you to provide the kind you want!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No, they don’t. Like I told you, we are few. Someone can come here and say that they are sick or that he left home with severe headache but he has been sitting here.

[Assistant] So you are saying the health care numbers don't enable you to provide the care the way you need to!

[User] Because, for example, you may go to the unit when the doctor doing the operation hasn’t reviewed the post operatives and yet he has those he operated on back for review, and then they are called to the OPD because sometimes they call you when they have a patient but you sometimes fail to go there because you may find that you have five caesarian sections. So you tell them I will come but by the time it is seven, you have to go home, then you say I didn’t see the patient which they called you for.

[Assistant] Which means the numbers also affect your quality of care; they don’t enable you to provide the kind you want!

[User] True.

[Assistant] Do you think the medicine provided to the facility like Health Center IV enable you to provide your work the way you want to as a health worker?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Because, for example, you may go to the unit when the doctor doing the operation hasn’t reviewed the post operatives and yet he has those he operated on back for review, and then they are called to the OPD because sometimes they call you when they have a patient but you sometimes fail to go there because you may find that you have five caesarian sections. So you tell them I will come but by the time it is seven, you have to go home, then you say I didn’t see the patient which they called you for.

[Assistant] Which means the numbers also affect your quality of care; they don’t enable you to provide the kind you want!

[User] True.

[Assistant] Do you think the medicine provided to the facility like Health Center IV enable you to provide your work the way you want to as a health worker?

[User] No. Maybe if you have that benzyl penicillin, you can start somebody on that antibiotic as you refer the patient, or you may give a prophylaxis. When the patient has received treatment from somewhere and they refer to us, we can give that continuous prophylaxis but as I told you, the challenge comes when the drug is not there because the patient can find no drugs on the unit.

[Assistant] So the health information systems, do they enable you to provide the care you need?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] True.

[Assistant] Do you think the medicine provided to the facility like Health Center IV enable you to provide your work the way you want to as a health worker?

[User] No. Maybe if you have that benzyl penicillin, you can start somebody on that antibiotic as you refer the patient, or you may give a prophylaxis. When the patient has received treatment from somewhere and they refer to us, we can give that continuous prophylaxis but as I told you, the challenge comes when the drug is not there because the patient can find no drugs on the unit.

[Assistant] So the health information systems, do they enable you to provide the care you need?

[User] With that one, at least there are no big issues.

[Assistant] So you told me earlier that you don’t have guidelines and protocols of Rheumatic Heart d Disease!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No. Maybe if you have that benzyl penicillin, you can start somebody on that antibiotic as you refer the patient, or you may give a prophylaxis. When the patient has received treatment from somewhere and they refer to us, we can give that continuous prophylaxis but as I told you, the challenge comes when the drug is not there because the patient can find no drugs on the unit.

[Assistant] So the health information systems, do they enable you to provide the care you need?

[User] With that one, at least there are no big issues.

[Assistant] So you told me earlier that you don’t have guidelines and protocols of Rheumatic Heart d Disease!

[User] In the hospital, we don’t have.

[Assistant] Tell me the perception of patient outcomes; do you generally think the patients get the care they need or not.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] In the hospital, we don’t have.

[Assistant] Tell me the perception of patient outcomes; do you generally think the patients get the care they need or not.

[User] They don’t get the care they need.

[Assistant] Why?

[User] Because as I told you, the number of health workers, for example if I operate on a patient I need to monitor him every fifteen minutes. So if I don’t, the patient doesn’t get the care he deserves to get and for sure no one will observe that patient because we are very few. So the patient is at risk; anything can happen when you don't know. Because, imagine coming here and sit for four hours when you have a pneumonia killing you or a heart failure where you can’t breathe! So even if you treat such a patient, he can’t say you have given him the care he deserves. Because, by the time someone leaves their home and comes, he has a problem.

[Assistant] Which means the waiting time for the patients becomes longer!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] They don’t get the care they need.

[Assistant] Why?

[User] Because as I told you, the number of health workers, for example if I operate on a patient I need to monitor him every fifteen minutes. So if I don’t, the patient doesn’t get the care he deserves to get and for sure no one will observe that patient because we are very few. So the patient is at risk; anything can happen when you don't know. Because, imagine coming here and sit for four hours when you have a pneumonia killing you or a heart failure where you can’t breathe! So even if you treat such a patient, he can’t say you have given him the care he deserves. Because, by the time someone leaves their home and comes, he has a problem.

[Assistant] Which means the waiting time for the patients becomes longer!

[User] Yes, the waiting time is a problem and even the interacting time with health personnel becomes very short because of the numbers. As I told you, if you have 180 patients, it is very difficult to sit and listen to that patient properly because as a minimum rule, you are supposed to clerk that patient for 45 minutes, but if you are one and given 180 patients a day, you will see 15 patients. So by the time you see 100 patients, you have given each patient like 3 minutes. So have you examined the patients? No! Because, I may come when I don’t know that I have a heart failure, so it’s you to listen to me and tell me. Despite you treating the fever, it doesn’t mean I have received care. Two, investigations; as I told you, sometimes you want to do common investigations but the patient goes to the laboratory and find that it’s not there, like for an ECG, he has to travel this side just to do it. So I don’t think the patient will get the care they wanted.

[Assistant] So tell me about patients’ safety; are the patients safe with the quality of care you give them?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Because as I told you, the number of health workers, for example if I operate on a patient I need to monitor him every fifteen minutes. So if I don’t, the patient doesn’t get the care he deserves to get and for sure no one will observe that patient because we are very few. So the patient is at risk; anything can happen when you don't know. Because, imagine coming here and sit for four hours when you have a pneumonia killing you or a heart failure where you can’t breathe! So even if you treat such a patient, he can’t say you have given him the care he deserves. Because, by the time someone leaves their home and comes, he has a problem.

[Assistant] Which means the waiting time for the patients becomes longer!

[User] Yes, the waiting time is a problem and even the interacting time with health personnel becomes very short because of the numbers. As I told you, if you have 180 patients, it is very difficult to sit and listen to that patient properly because as a minimum rule, you are supposed to clerk that patient for 45 minutes, but if you are one and given 180 patients a day, you will see 15 patients. So by the time you see 100 patients, you have given each patient like 3 minutes. So have you examined the patients? No! Because, I may come when I don’t know that I have a heart failure, so it’s you to listen to me and tell me. Despite you treating the fever, it doesn’t mean I have received care. Two, investigations; as I told you, sometimes you want to do common investigations but the patient goes to the laboratory and find that it’s not there, like for an ECG, he has to travel this side just to do it. So I don’t think the patient will get the care they wanted.

[Assistant] So tell me about patients’ safety; are the patients safe with the quality of care you give them?

[User] Like in terms of?

[Assistant] Like a patient comes to you with a different diagnosis or symptom for example difficulty in breathing and fevers. When they come to you, are they safe in your hands that they will get the care they need?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, the waiting time is a problem and even the interacting time with health personnel becomes very short because of the numbers. As I told you, if you have 180 patients, it is very difficult to sit and listen to that patient properly because as a minimum rule, you are supposed to clerk that patient for 45 minutes, but if you are one and given 180 patients a day, you will see 15 patients. So by the time you see 100 patients, you have given each patient like 3 minutes. So have you examined the patients? No! Because, I may come when I don’t know that I have a heart failure, so it’s you to listen to me and tell me. Despite you treating the fever, it doesn’t mean I have received care. Two, investigations; as I told you, sometimes you want to do common investigations but the patient goes to the laboratory and find that it’s not there, like for an ECG, he has to travel this side just to do it. So I don’t think the patient will get the care they wanted.

[Assistant] So tell me about patients’ safety; are the patients safe with the quality of care you give them?

[User] Like in terms of?

[Assistant] Like a patient comes to you with a different diagnosis or symptom for example difficulty in breathing and fevers. When they come to you, are they safe in your hands that they will get the care they need?

[User] I think they are because we have qualified staff. The only thing that can change that is the numbers that may not provide services on time. Then absence of medicine because I might diagnose someone with heart failure and difficulty in breathing but I don’t have furosemide to give. That would be the challenge but in terms of safety, when the health workers have the resources to use I think there’s no problem there.

[Assistant] Have you had any preventable death at the hospital?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Like in terms of?

[Assistant] Like a patient comes to you with a different diagnosis or symptom for example difficulty in breathing and fevers. When they come to you, are they safe in your hands that they will get the care they need?

[User] I think they are because we have qualified staff. The only thing that can change that is the numbers that may not provide services on time. Then absence of medicine because I might diagnose someone with heart failure and difficulty in breathing but I don’t have furosemide to give. That would be the challenge but in terms of safety, when the health workers have the resources to use I think there’s no problem there.

[Assistant] Have you had any preventable death at the hospital?

[User] Preventable death from rheumatic or?

[Assistant] Rheumatic Heart Disease and generally.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Preventable death from rheumatic or?

[Assistant] Rheumatic Heart Disease and generally.

[User] So many times.

[Assistant] Why?

[User] You have said preventable or?

[Assistant] Preventable, like patient comes and you as a health worker you think this death would have been prevented.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] So many times.

[Assistant] Why?

[User] You have said preventable or?

[Assistant] Preventable, like patient comes and you as a health worker you think this death would have been prevented.

[User] I hadn’t understood the question. I have not. We have not had that one.

[Assistant] You have not had any preventable death? Like dying according to things that as a health worker you would have been able to treat?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] You have said preventable or?

[Assistant] Preventable, like patient comes and you as a health worker you think this death would have been prevented.

[User] I hadn’t understood the question. I have not. We have not had that one.

[Assistant] You have not had any preventable death? Like dying according to things that as a health worker you would have been able to treat?

[User] There’s one kid who died because of lack of oxygen that time. We wanted oxygen but we didn’t have oxygen, so we had to refer although it was referral without oxygen. We would have put the baby on oxygen and then we refer but we didn’t have oxygen.

[Assistant] Then you lost the baby!


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I hadn’t understood the question. I have not. We have not had that one.

[Assistant] You have not had any preventable death? Like dying according to things that as a health worker you would have been able to treat?

[User] There’s one kid who died because of lack of oxygen that time. We wanted oxygen but we didn’t have oxygen, so we had to refer although it was referral without oxygen. We would have put the baby on oxygen and then we refer but we didn’t have oxygen.

[Assistant] Then you lost the baby!

[User] We lost the baby, even getting an ambulance is a problem because we don’t have a working ambulance.

[Assistant] Do you think patients are dying in the community without presenting to the hospital?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We lost the baby, even getting an ambulance is a problem because we don’t have a working ambulance.

[Assistant] Do you think patients are dying in the community without presenting to the hospital?

[User] I think so.

[Assistant] Why?

[User] I think for me it comes in two things; as I told you, the attitude they have about us. Sometimes they think that even if I go to that place, those people are very rude; you reach there when you are dying but someone says, "Who has sent you there?" If I go to the hospital, there’s no medicine; they just tell me to buy and yet I don’t have money, so why can’t I just die from here? And three, it is the misinformation from local herbalists because they sometimes misinform the public a lot from the TVs. They teach them a lot of things like to just smear this or that once and it disappears, or that one can cure diabetes and hypertension and that by just swallowing two things, your diabetes is gone. So even the patient will remain there taking those herbs.

[Assistant] So as a health worker what in your opinion are the one or two things the ministry of health could do to improve patient outcomes?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I think so.

[Assistant] Why?

[User] I think for me it comes in two things; as I told you, the attitude they have about us. Sometimes they think that even if I go to that place, those people are very rude; you reach there when you are dying but someone says, "Who has sent you there?" If I go to the hospital, there’s no medicine; they just tell me to buy and yet I don’t have money, so why can’t I just die from here? And three, it is the misinformation from local herbalists because they sometimes misinform the public a lot from the TVs. They teach them a lot of things like to just smear this or that once and it disappears, or that one can cure diabetes and hypertension and that by just swallowing two things, your diabetes is gone. So even the patient will remain there taking those herbs.

[Assistant] So as a health worker what in your opinion are the one or two things the ministry of health could do to improve patient outcomes?

[User] One, I think is to improve the health worker attitude towards patients although I don’t know how they would do that. I don’t know if they have to get someone to ... I don’t know, but health workers need to improve their attitude towards patients. And two, it is increasing the number of health workers and what they have to use in health facilities.

[Assistant] Okay. Anything else?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I think for me it comes in two things; as I told you, the attitude they have about us. Sometimes they think that even if I go to that place, those people are very rude; you reach there when you are dying but someone says, "Who has sent you there?" If I go to the hospital, there’s no medicine; they just tell me to buy and yet I don’t have money, so why can’t I just die from here? And three, it is the misinformation from local herbalists because they sometimes misinform the public a lot from the TVs. They teach them a lot of things like to just smear this or that once and it disappears, or that one can cure diabetes and hypertension and that by just swallowing two things, your diabetes is gone. So even the patient will remain there taking those herbs.

[Assistant] So as a health worker what in your opinion are the one or two things the ministry of health could do to improve patient outcomes?

[User] One, I think is to improve the health worker attitude towards patients although I don’t know how they would do that. I don’t know if they have to get someone to ... I don’t know, but health workers need to improve their attitude towards patients. And two, it is increasing the number of health workers and what they have to use in health facilities.

[Assistant] Okay. Anything else?

[User] Maybe also equipping health workers with listening skills, or maybe updating them because someone might have qualified ten years back and has never attended any CMEs and yet things have changed. For him, he is telling you those old things from ten years back! I think to also educate the patients to tell the community which services are available in nearby facilities because sometimes patients don’t know which services are available; they first go to private clinics and from there they are given treatment for malaria for every condition, and that’s when they come to the health facility when they’re badly off and after wasting all the money.

[Assistant] What about the training in Rheumatic Heart Disease?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Mmmm…

[Assistant] If I may take you back in those years before you started living with Peter, were you living only in your parents homestead alone or a big homestead where you could eat in your uncles or aunties or grandmothers or step mothers house or just in your homestead alone?

[User] Just in our homestead alone.

[Assistant] How many houses did the homestead have?

[User] Two houses.

[Assistant] Ahaa, did both houses belong to your father?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Just in our homestead alone.

[Assistant] How many houses did the homestead have?

[User] Two houses.

[Assistant] Ahaa, did both houses belong to your father?

[User] Yes, they belonged to my father.

[Assistant] Ahaa…and how many were you in your family?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Two houses.

[Assistant] Ahaa, did both houses belong to your father?

[User] Yes, they belonged to my father.

[Assistant] Ahaa…and how many were you in your family?

[User] We were four.

[Assistant] Okay. What of the step mother?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, they belonged to my father.

[Assistant] Ahaa…and how many were you in your family?

[User] We were four.

[Assistant] Okay. What of the step mother?

[User] At that time my father was only with my mother.

[Assistant] Ahaa…but two homesteads?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] At that time my father was only with my mother.

[Assistant] Ahaa…but two homesteads?

[User] No, one with two houses.

[Assistant] Two houses?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Ahaa…now may be if we can revisit those years when you were there at home, there are some of the responsibilities that were given to you, You said that you were four children in the family?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No, one with two houses.

[Assistant] Two houses?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Ahaa…now may be if we can revisit those years when you were there at home, there are some of the responsibilities that were given to you, You said that you were four children in the family?

[User] Eeeeh…

[Assistant] Out of the four children, male number was how many and female how many?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Ahaa…now may be if we can revisit those years when you were there at home, there are some of the responsibilities that were given to you, You said that you were four children in the family?

[User] Eeeeh…

[Assistant] Out of the four children, male number was how many and female how many?

[User] Males were three and female one.

[Assistant] Therefore, you were the female child alone?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Eeeeh…

[Assistant] Out of the four children, male number was how many and female how many?

[User] Males were three and female one.

[Assistant] Therefore, you were the female child alone?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Okay. Now, we have different roles assigned to each child. What were the duties of the male children and female child?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Males were three and female one.

[Assistant] Therefore, you were the female child alone?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Okay. Now, we have different roles assigned to each child. What were the duties of the male children and female child?

[User] My two brothers looked after cattle, one of them went to school and I stayed at home.

[Assistant] You therefore remained at home?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Okay. Now, we have different roles assigned to each child. What were the duties of the male children and female child?

[User] My two brothers looked after cattle, one of them went to school and I stayed at home.

[Assistant] You therefore remained at home?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Therefore, it is the male children that looked after the cattle most of the times?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] My two brothers looked after cattle, one of them went to school and I stayed at home.

[Assistant] You therefore remained at home?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Therefore, it is the male children that looked after the cattle most of the times?

[User] Yes. Only one of them attended school.

[Assistant] And the rest looked after cattle?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Therefore, it is the male children that looked after the cattle most of the times?

[User] Yes. Only one of them attended school.

[Assistant] And the rest looked after cattle?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Ahaa... And you told me that your major role was to remain there at home?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes. Only one of them attended school.

[Assistant] And the rest looked after cattle?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Ahaa... And you told me that your major role was to remain there at home?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] So, what were you doing at home?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Ahaa... And you told me that your major role was to remain there at home?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] So, what were you doing at home?

[User] I did all household chores and any other tasks at home.

[Assistant] Like which one now?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] So, what were you doing at home?

[User] I did all household chores and any other tasks at home.

[Assistant] Like which one now?

[User] Like cooking, fetching firewood, milking cows.

[Assistant] What you were doing was girl child’s job?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I did all household chores and any other tasks at home.

[Assistant] Like which one now?

[User] Like cooking, fetching firewood, milking cows.

[Assistant] What you were doing was girl child’s job?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] And what role did the father play?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Like cooking, fetching firewood, milking cows.

[Assistant] What you were doing was girl child’s job?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] And what role did the father play?

[User] She also struggled to look for food and also farming

[Assistant] Fine. And what was mother’s major role too?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] And what role did the father play?

[User] She also struggled to look for food and also farming

[Assistant] Fine. And what was mother’s major role too?

[User] She was doing business in Mwanza and even now she is still there doing her business.

[Assistant] Therefore, she did business?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] She also struggled to look for food and also farming

[Assistant] Fine. And what was mother’s major role too?

[User] She was doing business in Mwanza and even now she is still there doing her business.

[Assistant] Therefore, she did business?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] And has she come back?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] She was doing business in Mwanza and even now she is still there doing her business.

[Assistant] Therefore, she did business?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] And has she come back?

[User] She came then went back.

[Assistant] Ahaa…you said at your home, how many had gone to school?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] And has she come back?

[User] She came then went back.

[Assistant] Ahaa…you said at your home, how many had gone to school?

[User] Just one child.

[Assistant] Who? Is he your younger brother?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] She came then went back.

[Assistant] Ahaa…you said at your home, how many had gone to school?

[User] Just one child.

[Assistant] Who? Is he your younger brother?

[User] Yes, my younger brother.

[Assistant] okay. Are you the eldest?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Just one child.

[Assistant] Who? Is he your younger brother?

[User] Yes, my younger brother.

[Assistant] okay. Are you the eldest?

[User] Mmmm…

[Assistant] Then the rest three are you’re younger than you?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, my younger brother.

[Assistant] okay. Are you the eldest?

[User] Mmmm…

[Assistant] Then the rest three are you’re younger than you?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] So, it is only your last-born brother who is educated?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Mmmm…

[Assistant] Then the rest three are you’re younger than you?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] So, it is only your last-born brother who is educated?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] He attended school up to which level?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] So, it is only your last-born brother who is educated?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] He attended school up to which level?

[User] For now, he is pursuing a Diploma course in Tanga; he wants to be a cashier.

[Assistant] Okay, I appreciate Now what kind of food were you eating when you were living with your parents?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] He attended school up to which level?

[User] For now, he is pursuing a Diploma course in Tanga; he wants to be a cashier.

[Assistant] Okay, I appreciate Now what kind of food were you eating when you were living with your parents?

[User] We were eating ugali, rice, arrowroots, bananas and milk.

[Assistant] That is when you were at your father’s house?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] For now, he is pursuing a Diploma course in Tanga; he wants to be a cashier.

[Assistant] Okay, I appreciate Now what kind of food were you eating when you were living with your parents?

[User] We were eating ugali, rice, arrowroots, bananas and milk.

[Assistant] That is when you were at your father’s house?

[User] Eeeeh…

[Assistant] And which food did you eat daily or you must eat after two days?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We were eating ugali, rice, arrowroots, bananas and milk.

[Assistant] That is when you were at your father’s house?

[User] Eeeeh…

[Assistant] And which food did you eat daily or you must eat after two days?

[User] It is ugali.

[Assistant] And which food do you eat rarely for example when cooked, everybody complains?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Eeeeh…

[Assistant] And which food did you eat daily or you must eat after two days?

[User] It is ugali.

[Assistant] And which food do you eat rarely for example when cooked, everybody complains?

[User] Cassava or kande.

[Assistant] Ahaa…it is okay. If we may continue now, you will find that there is some food that men prefer to eat most and women too like. Do you think there was similar habits in your community here for instance you like a particular meal and men too preferred a different food?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It is ugali.

[Assistant] And which food do you eat rarely for example when cooked, everybody complains?

[User] Cassava or kande.

[Assistant] Ahaa…it is okay. If we may continue now, you will find that there is some food that men prefer to eat most and women too like. Do you think there was similar habits in your community here for instance you like a particular meal and men too preferred a different food?

[User] It was not there.

[Assistant] You mean what was cooked is what they will eat?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Cassava or kande.

[Assistant] Ahaa…it is okay. If we may continue now, you will find that there is some food that men prefer to eat most and women too like. Do you think there was similar habits in your community here for instance you like a particular meal and men too preferred a different food?

[User] It was not there.

[Assistant] You mean what was cooked is what they will eat?

[User] Mmmm.

[Assistant] Not that when certain food is cooked he complains a lot?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It was not there.

[Assistant] You mean what was cooked is what they will eat?

[User] Mmmm.

[Assistant] Not that when certain food is cooked he complains a lot?

[User] No.

[Assistant] Okay. You also told me that you used to cultivate crops?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Mmmm.

[Assistant] Not that when certain food is cooked he complains a lot?

[User] No.

[Assistant] Okay. You also told me that you used to cultivate crops?

[User] Mmmm…

[Assistant] You planted which crops?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No.

[Assistant] Okay. You also told me that you used to cultivate crops?

[User] Mmmm…

[Assistant] You planted which crops?

[User] We grew rice and maize.

[Assistant] What of beans?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Mmmm…

[Assistant] You planted which crops?

[User] We grew rice and maize.

[Assistant] What of beans?

[User] No.

[Assistant] You planted rice and maize alone?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No.

[Assistant] You planted rice and maize alone?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Mmmm.

[User] We bought others.

[Assistant] Which foods did you buy most of the time?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] Mmmm.

[User] We bought others.

[Assistant] Which foods did you buy most of the time?

[User] When you cultivate rice and maize, what we only buy is bananas and cassava. There is no any other food

[Assistant] Mmmm…okay. You know there are other families that get their food from the wild like they kill antelope and eat.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We bought others.

[Assistant] Which foods did you buy most of the time?

[User] When you cultivate rice and maize, what we only buy is bananas and cassava. There is no any other food

[Assistant] Mmmm…okay. You know there are other families that get their food from the wild like they kill antelope and eat.

[User] We do not eat those.

[Assistant] You do not eat meat?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] When you cultivate rice and maize, what we only buy is bananas and cassava. There is no any other food

[Assistant] Mmmm…okay. You know there are other families that get their food from the wild like they kill antelope and eat.

[User] We do not eat those.

[Assistant] You do not eat meat?

[User] We eat cattle and goat meat. We do not eat wild meat

[Assistant] do not you eat hare (rabbit) for example you come across one you kill then eat it?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We do not eat those.

[Assistant] You do not eat meat?

[User] We eat cattle and goat meat. We do not eat wild meat

[Assistant] do not you eat hare (rabbit) for example you come across one you kill then eat it?

[User] No, we do not eat when we kill one we give it to dogs to eat.

[Assistant] What of green vegetables?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We eat cattle and goat meat. We do not eat wild meat

[Assistant] do not you eat hare (rabbit) for example you come across one you kill then eat it?

[User] No, we do not eat when we kill one we give it to dogs to eat.

[Assistant] What of green vegetables?

[User] We do eat.

[Assistant] What of wild vegetables that grow in the bush that you just come across the farm. They just germinate themselves?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No, we do not eat when we kill one we give it to dogs to eat.

[Assistant] What of green vegetables?

[User] We do eat.

[Assistant] What of wild vegetables that grow in the bush that you just come across the farm. They just germinate themselves?

[User] Yes, we use them.

[Assistant] For instance, which vegetables?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, we use them.

[Assistant] For instance, which vegetables?

[User] Amaranth.

[Assistant] Mmmm…any other?

[User] We also have pumpkin leaves that are not grown.

[Assistant] Mum, can you tell me the name of vegetables that you fetch from the wild?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Amaranth.

[Assistant] Mmmm…any other?

[User] We also have pumpkin leaves that are not grown.

[Assistant] Mum, can you tell me the name of vegetables that you fetch from the wild?

[User] They have no name.

[Assistant] I want it in your local language. Just mentioned it that way?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Embogo, Sagoli.

[Assistant] Another one?

[User] Just wild amaranth (esene)

[Assistant] Another one?

[User] Those are the only ones.

[Assistant] Is bitter lettuce (mchunga) also there? Do you know bitter lettuce?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Just wild amaranth (esene)

[Assistant] Another one?

[User] Those are the only ones.

[Assistant] Is bitter lettuce (mchunga) also there? Do you know bitter lettuce?

[User] Eeeeh, we know it I think it is Naedengenyu.

[Assistant] Did you have to buy food at some point?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Those are the only ones.

[Assistant] Is bitter lettuce (mchunga) also there? Do you know bitter lettuce?

[User] Eeeeh, we know it I think it is Naedengenyu.

[Assistant] Did you have to buy food at some point?

[User] Yes, we could buy some days whenever food was lacking in the house.

[Assistant] Okay…now in the past just before you came here, who made the decision of buying food in the household e.g. Food has run out of stock and there is need to buy more. Who decided on buying food? Was it the father or the mother?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Eeeeh, we know it I think it is Naedengenyu.

[Assistant] Did you have to buy food at some point?

[User] Yes, we could buy some days whenever food was lacking in the house.

[Assistant] Okay…now in the past just before you came here, who made the decision of buying food in the household e.g. Food has run out of stock and there is need to buy more. Who decided on buying food? Was it the father or the mother?

[User] Both of them, father and mother sat down and discussed before making a decision.

[Assistant] They did not involve the children?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Both of them, father and mother sat down and discussed before making a decision.

[Assistant] They did not involve the children?

[User] No. The children only waited to eat…that is different with today whereby a child can say, “Dad, today we want to eat this and that”. Therefore, you will have to give in order to serve them right.

[Assistant] Hahaaa…

[User] In the past when parents said yes, it was yes, when they say no, it was no. Today globalization changes have occurred.

[Assistant] it is true changes have occurred. Now, who is tasked with the responsibility of going to buy food in the market? Is it the father, mother or children?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No. The children only waited to eat…that is different with today whereby a child can say, “Dad, today we want to eat this and that”. Therefore, you will have to give in order to serve them right.

[Assistant] Hahaaa…

[User] In the past when parents said yes, it was yes, when they say no, it was no. Today globalization changes have occurred.

[Assistant] it is true changes have occurred. Now, who is tasked with the responsibility of going to buy food in the market? Is it the father, mother or children?

[User] It is the father; mother does not go though she is just involved in planning on which food to buy.

[Assistant] Mmmm…but we have some foodstuffs that are bought by the mother. Which ones are those?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] In the past when parents said yes, it was yes, when they say no, it was no. Today globalization changes have occurred.

[Assistant] it is true changes have occurred. Now, who is tasked with the responsibility of going to buy food in the market? Is it the father, mother or children?

[User] It is the father; mother does not go though she is just involved in planning on which food to buy.

[Assistant] Mmmm…but we have some foodstuffs that are bought by the mother. Which ones are those?

[User] They are just vegetables.

[Assistant] They are just hawked around on bicycles just like bananas?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It is the father; mother does not go though she is just involved in planning on which food to buy.

[Assistant] Mmmm…but we have some foodstuffs that are bought by the mother. Which ones are those?

[User] They are just vegetables.

[Assistant] They are just hawked around on bicycles just like bananas?

[User] Yes, like green vegetables, carrots, onions and okra.

[Assistant] Ahaaa…it is okay. Now let us switch to another topic. In your community, when a child grows up and becomes an adult, how do you know it especially starting with a male child? I mean when he transforms from childhood to adulthood how do you identify that he has grown up to an adult person?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] They are just vegetables.

[Assistant] They are just hawked around on bicycles just like bananas?

[User] Yes, like green vegetables, carrots, onions and okra.

[Assistant] Ahaaa…it is okay. Now let us switch to another topic. In your community, when a child grows up and becomes an adult, how do you know it especially starting with a male child? I mean when he transforms from childhood to adulthood how do you identify that he has grown up to an adult person?

[User] For us, the first thing we look at is reasoning/thinking capacity. For a girl, she is married off but for a boy, he marries then we allocate him some wealth/resources as we watch how he uses it. If he uses it well, we leave him to continue, if he squanders it, we take it back from him.

[Assistant] Now let me here from the mother. When a girl child grows up and becomes an adult woman, what happens next?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, like green vegetables, carrots, onions and okra.

[Assistant] Ahaaa…it is okay. Now let us switch to another topic. In your community, when a child grows up and becomes an adult, how do you know it especially starting with a male child? I mean when he transforms from childhood to adulthood how do you identify that he has grown up to an adult person?

[User] For us, the first thing we look at is reasoning/thinking capacity. For a girl, she is married off but for a boy, he marries then we allocate him some wealth/resources as we watch how he uses it. If he uses it well, we leave him to continue, if he squanders it, we take it back from him.

[Assistant] Now let me here from the mother. When a girl child grows up and becomes an adult woman, what happens next?

[User] Hahaaa…she is married off.

[Assistant] She is married off?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] For us, the first thing we look at is reasoning/thinking capacity. For a girl, she is married off but for a boy, he marries then we allocate him some wealth/resources as we watch how he uses it. If he uses it well, we leave him to continue, if he squanders it, we take it back from him.

[Assistant] Now let me here from the mother. When a girl child grows up and becomes an adult woman, what happens next?

[User] Hahaaa…she is married off.

[Assistant] She is married off?

[User] Eeeh…yes.

[Assistant] Therefore, meaning this is the most crucial thing to do?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Hahaaa…she is married off.

[Assistant] She is married off?

[User] Eeeh…yes.

[Assistant] Therefore, meaning this is the most crucial thing to do?

[User] Yes, she is married off to her husband, or she goes to struggle for her own life

[Assistant] Is there a ceremony?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Eeeh…yes.

[Assistant] Therefore, meaning this is the most crucial thing to do?

[User] Yes, she is married off to her husband, or she goes to struggle for her own life

[Assistant] Is there a ceremony?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] I mean a ceremony that initiates them from childhood to adulthood?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, she is married off to her husband, or she goes to struggle for her own life

[Assistant] Is there a ceremony?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] I mean a ceremony that initiates them from childhood to adulthood?

[User] Yes it is there, we first organize for a traditional dance before she is married off.

[Assistant] Therefore, you make for him a traditional dance?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] I mean a ceremony that initiates them from childhood to adulthood?

[User] Yes it is there, we first organize for a traditional dance before she is married off.

[Assistant] Therefore, you make for him a traditional dance?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] What do you consider when arranging this traditional dance?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes it is there, we first organize for a traditional dance before she is married off.

[Assistant] Therefore, you make for him a traditional dance?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] What do you consider when arranging this traditional dance?

[User] Everything, It is a just a ceremony like any other normal ceremony. You slaughter a cow, you buy drinks and you invite people to come, in those days, it was a must for a neighbour to say that Peter organized a ceremony for his child. It is not like today where daughters are just married off when they have grown up.

[Assistant] It is okay. Now lets us talk about as from the time you had come here to Peter’s home, for how many years have you been here?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] What do you consider when arranging this traditional dance?

[User] Everything, It is a just a ceremony like any other normal ceremony. You slaughter a cow, you buy drinks and you invite people to come, in those days, it was a must for a neighbour to say that Peter organized a ceremony for his child. It is not like today where daughters are just married off when they have grown up.

[Assistant] It is okay. Now lets us talk about as from the time you had come here to Peter’s home, for how many years have you been here?

[User] I have been here for twelve years now.

[Assistant] And for now, what is your main economic activity…do you engage in agriculture, business or what job?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Everything, It is a just a ceremony like any other normal ceremony. You slaughter a cow, you buy drinks and you invite people to come, in those days, it was a must for a neighbour to say that Peter organized a ceremony for his child. It is not like today where daughters are just married off when they have grown up.

[Assistant] It is okay. Now lets us talk about as from the time you had come here to Peter’s home, for how many years have you been here?

[User] I have been here for twelve years now.

[Assistant] And for now, what is your main economic activity…do you engage in agriculture, business or what job?

[User] We do cattle business.

[Assistant] Now if we talk about the type of business you do, the farming you do. If you compare when you were at your parents place and now you have your own home, which time did you harvest in abundance or had many cattle?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We do cattle business.

[Assistant] Now if we talk about the type of business you do, the farming you do. If you compare when you were at your parents place and now you have your own home, which time did you harvest in abundance or had many cattle?

[User] You mean our home and here?

[Assistant] Mmmm.

[User] At our home, we had cattle and here too we have only that here I have to struggle much but at our home, I would eat without struggling that much.

[Assistant] Now may be if we look at the responsibilities of a female and male child in those days and today, do you think it has changed…do you think they still play the same roles today as they used to do in the past given that you are now grown up?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] You mean our home and here?

[Assistant] Mmmm.

[User] At our home, we had cattle and here too we have only that here I have to struggle much but at our home, I would eat without struggling that much.

[Assistant] Now may be if we look at the responsibilities of a female and male child in those days and today, do you think it has changed…do you think they still play the same roles today as they used to do in the past given that you are now grown up?

[User] No it has changed. I say so because life has changed and children concentrate much with school work than other tasks at home.

[Assistant] Ahaaa, it is well. Now let us talk about the male children. What major role do they play?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] At our home, we had cattle and here too we have only that here I have to struggle much but at our home, I would eat without struggling that much.

[Assistant] Now may be if we look at the responsibilities of a female and male child in those days and today, do you think it has changed…do you think they still play the same roles today as they used to do in the past given that you are now grown up?

[User] No it has changed. I say so because life has changed and children concentrate much with school work than other tasks at home.

[Assistant] Ahaaa, it is well. Now let us talk about the male children. What major role do they play?

[User] We do not have any sons at home apart from one who goes to school.

[Assistant] He is in which class at secondary level?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No it has changed. I say so because life has changed and children concentrate much with school work than other tasks at home.

[Assistant] Ahaaa, it is well. Now let us talk about the male children. What major role do they play?

[User] We do not have any sons at home apart from one who goes to school.

[Assistant] He is in which class at secondary level?

[User] he is in form four.

[Assistant] So he hasn’t come back?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We do not have any sons at home apart from one who goes to school.

[Assistant] He is in which class at secondary level?

[User] he is in form four.

[Assistant] So he hasn’t come back?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] he is in boarding school?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] he is in form four.

[Assistant] So he hasn’t come back?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] he is in boarding school?

[User] Yes, he lives there at school in Bagamoyo.

[Assistant] Mmmm…it is fine. Now who looks after cattle?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] he is in boarding school?

[User] Yes, he lives there at school in Bagamoyo.

[Assistant] Mmmm…it is fine. Now who looks after cattle?

[User] We do it ourselves and workers

[Assistant] You have workers?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, he lives there at school in Bagamoyo.

[Assistant] Mmmm…it is fine. Now who looks after cattle?

[User] We do it ourselves and workers

[Assistant] You have workers?

[User] Mmmm.

[Assistant] Therefore, you have workers meant for looking after the cattle?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We do it ourselves and workers

[Assistant] You have workers?

[User] Mmmm.

[Assistant] Therefore, you have workers meant for looking after the cattle?

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] What of the female children? Do you have a female child?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes.

[Assistant] What of the female children? Do you have a female child?

[User] We do have.

[Assistant] Okay.

[User] We have two boys and two girls.

[Assistant] The lastborn is a male?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We do have.

[Assistant] Okay.

[User] We have two boys and two girls.

[Assistant] The lastborn is a male?

[User] Yes. The first born is a male, the second one is a female, third one is a female and the last one is a male, the one who lives there.

[Assistant] Eeeeh that one there. Their job do they work or have any responsibilities?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We have two boys and two girls.

[Assistant] The lastborn is a male?

[User] Yes. The first born is a male, the second one is a female, third one is a female and the last one is a male, the one who lives there.

[Assistant] Eeeeh that one there. Their job do they work or have any responsibilities?

[User] They do not have.

[Assistant] Do you give them responsibilities?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes. The first born is a male, the second one is a female, third one is a female and the last one is a male, the one who lives there.

[Assistant] Eeeeh that one there. Their job do they work or have any responsibilities?

[User] They do not have.

[Assistant] Do you give them responsibilities?

[User] It is not there…they just wait to eat.

[Assistant] Hahaaa…. Now do you feel there is any benefit brought by these changes for instance you said that in the past, the male children used to look after cattle today they do not?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] They do not have.

[Assistant] Do you give them responsibilities?

[User] It is not there…they just wait to eat.

[Assistant] Hahaaa…. Now do you feel there is any benefit brought by these changes for instance you said that in the past, the male children used to look after cattle today they do not?

[User] It is good because children go to school.

[Assistant] Good in which way?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It is not there…they just wait to eat.

[Assistant] Hahaaa…. Now do you feel there is any benefit brought by these changes for instance you said that in the past, the male children used to look after cattle today they do not?

[User] It is good because children go to school.

[Assistant] Good in which way?

[User] It is good because you impart knowledge into someone; you educate him so that he gets to understand how the world moves. Education does not go to waste. When you educate a child, he may end up establishing his own project for example cattle project is there.

[Assistant] It is true.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It is good because children go to school.

[Assistant] Good in which way?

[User] It is good because you impart knowledge into someone; you educate him so that he gets to understand how the world moves. Education does not go to waste. When you educate a child, he may end up establishing his own project for example cattle project is there.

[Assistant] It is true.

[User] Then he writes his own constitution then works on it.

[Assistant] It is true.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It is good because you impart knowledge into someone; you educate him so that he gets to understand how the world moves. Education does not go to waste. When you educate a child, he may end up establishing his own project for example cattle project is there.

[Assistant] It is true.

[User] Then he writes his own constitution then works on it.

[Assistant] It is true.

[User] You know education gets a person from one level to another. An educated person is different from uneducated person.

[Assistant] It is also true.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Then he writes his own constitution then works on it.

[Assistant] It is true.

[User] You know education gets a person from one level to another. An educated person is different from uneducated person.

[Assistant] It is also true.

[User] One can train on agriculture or treating livestock (veterinary) or law.

[Assistant] It is okay, but at the end of the day, you both want to get money?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] One can train on agriculture or treating livestock (veterinary) or law.

[Assistant] It is okay, but at the end of the day, you both want to get money?

[User] Yes, we but do not have many people who are unemployed?

[Assistant] Yes.

[User] But if he is educated, he knows very well that if I cultivate these vegetables, this is what I will get. Isn’t that true?

[Assistant] It is true.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes, we but do not have many people who are unemployed?

[Assistant] Yes.

[User] But if he is educated, he knows very well that if I cultivate these vegetables, this is what I will get. Isn’t that true?

[Assistant] It is true.

[User] We have many people who are educated but not employed. Now if a child is educated, he knows very well that he will do this and that in order to get money. Is it true or false?

[Assistant] It is true.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] But if he is educated, he knows very well that if I cultivate these vegetables, this is what I will get. Isn’t that true?

[Assistant] It is true.

[User] We have many people who are educated but not employed. Now if a child is educated, he knows very well that he will do this and that in order to get money. Is it true or false?

[Assistant] It is true.

[User] Or if I grow these vegetables, how will I get money from it?

[Assistant] It is true, they are not employed.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We have many people who are educated but not employed. Now if a child is educated, he knows very well that he will do this and that in order to get money. Is it true or false?

[Assistant] It is true.

[User] Or if I grow these vegetables, how will I get money from it?

[Assistant] It is true, they are not employed.

[User] But if a person acquires education, he/she knows what she wants in life and he/she uses the knowledge he has and does not guess with education as he does not do guesswork with what he has learnt about. He can even decide to keep few cattle which are healthier than mine.

[Assistant] It is true. But I also understand that the Maasai were teaching each other how to live, how to keep and increase cattle population, how not to sell cattle recklessly?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Or if I grow these vegetables, how will I get money from it?

[Assistant] It is true, they are not employed.

[User] But if a person acquires education, he/she knows what she wants in life and he/she uses the knowledge he has and does not guess with education as he does not do guesswork with what he has learnt about. He can even decide to keep few cattle which are healthier than mine.

[Assistant] It is true. But I also understand that the Maasai were teaching each other how to live, how to keep and increase cattle population, how not to sell cattle recklessly?

[User] Those teachings were there and it was mandatory for any grown up person with brains to receive advice from his parents on how to live as we too passed through the same experience failure to which if he does not listen, he won’t make it in life even if you lack education and even just do not know letter ‘A’ but today most people rush to become a doctor, a professor which was not there in past.

[Assistant] Okay, Now let us look at the changes in food the way you used to eat and today. You know in the past, you ate ugali, milk was abundant, but today you will find people eating chips, chicken.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] But if a person acquires education, he/she knows what she wants in life and he/she uses the knowledge he has and does not guess with education as he does not do guesswork with what he has learnt about. He can even decide to keep few cattle which are healthier than mine.

[Assistant] It is true. But I also understand that the Maasai were teaching each other how to live, how to keep and increase cattle population, how not to sell cattle recklessly?

[User] Those teachings were there and it was mandatory for any grown up person with brains to receive advice from his parents on how to live as we too passed through the same experience failure to which if he does not listen, he won’t make it in life even if you lack education and even just do not know letter ‘A’ but today most people rush to become a doctor, a professor which was not there in past.

[Assistant] Okay, Now let us look at the changes in food the way you used to eat and today. You know in the past, you ate ugali, milk was abundant, but today you will find people eating chips, chicken.

[User] In the past, we did not know these other green vegetables like carrots, cabbages etc. For us in the past we knew ugali and milk only and rice with milk and meat but today, you will find meat prepared with a variety of vegetables unlike in the past where it was just two by one.

[Assistant] Hahaaa…what do you say as to what has contributed to people eating a variety of meals today?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Those teachings were there and it was mandatory for any grown up person with brains to receive advice from his parents on how to live as we too passed through the same experience failure to which if he does not listen, he won’t make it in life even if you lack education and even just do not know letter ‘A’ but today most people rush to become a doctor, a professor which was not there in past.

[Assistant] Okay, Now let us look at the changes in food the way you used to eat and today. You know in the past, you ate ugali, milk was abundant, but today you will find people eating chips, chicken.

[User] In the past, we did not know these other green vegetables like carrots, cabbages etc. For us in the past we knew ugali and milk only and rice with milk and meat but today, you will find meat prepared with a variety of vegetables unlike in the past where it was just two by one.

[Assistant] Hahaaa…what do you say as to what has contributed to people eating a variety of meals today?

[User] It is just brought by globalization (changes in the world)

[Assistant] As life changes, people change too?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] In the past, we did not know these other green vegetables like carrots, cabbages etc. For us in the past we knew ugali and milk only and rice with milk and meat but today, you will find meat prepared with a variety of vegetables unlike in the past where it was just two by one.

[Assistant] Hahaaa…what do you say as to what has contributed to people eating a variety of meals today?

[User] It is just brought by globalization (changes in the world)

[Assistant] As life changes, people change too?

[User] Yes, for instance today if you give a child milk and rice he/she will not eat because he would ask for green vegetables.

[Assistant] Where did they learn this from?