[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] presence of enough water leads to availability of food, water is directly proportion to enough food

[Assistant] are there any changes on the climate?

[User] there always changes in whether the rainy season may begin earlier or delays, for example in this year last month we had rain for two days unlike other years there is usually no rain in September, usually it is raining in December and April mostly

[Assistant] are there any major changes in the weather conditions in the society?

[User] there are changes, example last year we were lazy and did not invest in farming but this year its different most of us have cultivated and the weather is good

[Assistant] can you compare the availability of rain for the current years?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] there always changes in whether the rainy season may begin earlier or delays, for example in this year last month we had rain for two days unlike other years there is usually no rain in September, usually it is raining in December and April mostly

[Assistant] are there any major changes in the weather conditions in the society?

[User] there are changes, example last year we were lazy and did not invest in farming but this year its different most of us have cultivated and the weather is good

[Assistant] can you compare the availability of rain for the current years?

[User] last year there were less rain unlike this year where by it has been raining a lot and people harvested a lot.

[Assistant] what about sunny season? Has it been too hot?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] there are changes, example last year we were lazy and did not invest in farming but this year its different most of us have cultivated and the weather is good

[Assistant] can you compare the availability of rain for the current years?

[User] last year there were less rain unlike this year where by it has been raining a lot and people harvested a lot.

[Assistant] what about sunny season? Has it been too hot?

[User] unlike last year, this year the weather is good it’s not too hot like the previous years.

[Assistant] how have the changes affected the society?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] last year there were less rain unlike this year where by it has been raining a lot and people harvested a lot.

[Assistant] what about sunny season? Has it been too hot?

[User] unlike last year, this year the weather is good it’s not too hot like the previous years.

[Assistant] how have the changes affected the society?

[User] due to the sunny season many people got sick they had to go for treatment in the hospital.

[Assistant] how did it affect feeding areas for cattle?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] unlike last year, this year the weather is good it’s not too hot like the previous years.

[Assistant] how have the changes affected the society?

[User] due to the sunny season many people got sick they had to go for treatment in the hospital.

[Assistant] how did it affect feeding areas for cattle?

[User] cattle’s experienced a lot of hardship since there was no enough grass that being the fact they ate until soil and this affected their health hence there was loss of cattle.

[Assistant] what about the availability of water and food?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] due to the sunny season many people got sick they had to go for treatment in the hospital.

[Assistant] how did it affect feeding areas for cattle?

[User] cattle’s experienced a lot of hardship since there was no enough grass that being the fact they ate until soil and this affected their health hence there was loss of cattle.

[Assistant] what about the availability of water and food?

[User] food is available in the market

[Assistant] what about source of water, how have the changes affected sources of water?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] cattle’s experienced a lot of hardship since there was no enough grass that being the fact they ate until soil and this affected their health hence there was loss of cattle.

[Assistant] what about the availability of water and food?

[User] food is available in the market

[Assistant] what about source of water, how have the changes affected sources of water?

[User] there is no change in the sources of water

[Assistant] What kinds of jobs are done by members of the family? That is what does the father do and mother too?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] food is available in the market

[Assistant] what about source of water, how have the changes affected sources of water?

[User] there is no change in the sources of water

[Assistant] What kinds of jobs are done by members of the family? That is what does the father do and mother too?

[User] every family has its own way of doing things, in some families the head of the family that is father involve himself in business of selling cattle, at times the business may be bad it leads to mothers to participate in selling chapatti and buns to assist in covering expenses of the family.

[Assistant] what do people cultivate when the weather is not conducive?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] there is no change in the sources of water

[Assistant] What kinds of jobs are done by members of the family? That is what does the father do and mother too?

[User] every family has its own way of doing things, in some families the head of the family that is father involve himself in business of selling cattle, at times the business may be bad it leads to mothers to participate in selling chapatti and buns to assist in covering expenses of the family.

[Assistant] what do people cultivate when the weather is not conducive?

[User] it depends with the season, it maybe maize, rice they only consider the right season.

[Assistant] apart from livestock keeping, what do people do?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] every family has its own way of doing things, in some families the head of the family that is father involve himself in business of selling cattle, at times the business may be bad it leads to mothers to participate in selling chapatti and buns to assist in covering expenses of the family.

[Assistant] what do people cultivate when the weather is not conducive?

[User] it depends with the season, it maybe maize, rice they only consider the right season.

[Assistant] apart from livestock keeping, what do people do?

[User] they involve themselves with small business, or help other people and earn some income. They help them with activities like collecting firewood, washing dishes and even washing clothes. They get paid by doing those activities.

[Assistant] are there people who go to town to look for jobs?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] it depends with the season, it maybe maize, rice they only consider the right season.

[Assistant] apart from livestock keeping, what do people do?

[User] they involve themselves with small business, or help other people and earn some income. They help them with activities like collecting firewood, washing dishes and even washing clothes. They get paid by doing those activities.

[Assistant] are there people who go to town to look for jobs?

[User] yes people usually go to town to look for jobs for example the youth

[Assistant] are there other people who go apart from the youth?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] they involve themselves with small business, or help other people and earn some income. They help them with activities like collecting firewood, washing dishes and even washing clothes. They get paid by doing those activities.

[Assistant] are there people who go to town to look for jobs?

[User] yes people usually go to town to look for jobs for example the youth

[Assistant] are there other people who go apart from the youth?

[User] women usually go too, they go to work as waiters in bar

[Assistant] do people involve themselves in small business?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] yes people usually go to town to look for jobs for example the youth

[Assistant] are there other people who go apart from the youth?

[User] women usually go too, they go to work as waiters in bar

[Assistant] do people involve themselves in small business?

[User] yes they do, some sell onions, tomatoes, buns, chapatti, soda

[Assistant] where do people get food if there is scarcity of food?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] women usually go too, they go to work as waiters in bar

[Assistant] do people involve themselves in small business?

[User] yes they do, some sell onions, tomatoes, buns, chapatti, soda

[Assistant] where do people get food if there is scarcity of food?

[User] people get their food in the market; one should have cash to buy the items. They get the cash through business or working for other people.

[Assistant] what about milk supply?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] yes they do, some sell onions, tomatoes, buns, chapatti, soda

[Assistant] where do people get food if there is scarcity of food?

[User] people get their food in the market; one should have cash to buy the items. They get the cash through business or working for other people.

[Assistant] what about milk supply?

[User] milk supply depends on the weather condition, during sunny season the supply is less unlike rainy season, animals produce a lot of milk since they are fed well.

[Assistant] which group of people faces more challenges than the other in facing the changes? Is it men or women?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] people get their food in the market; one should have cash to buy the items. They get the cash through business or working for other people.

[Assistant] what about milk supply?

[User] milk supply depends on the weather condition, during sunny season the supply is less unlike rainy season, animals produce a lot of milk since they are fed well.

[Assistant] which group of people faces more challenges than the other in facing the changes? Is it men or women?

[User] men usually face more challenges since they are the head of the family and that being the fact they have to provide for their families

[Assistant] do the conflicts bring about scarcity of food?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] milk supply depends on the weather condition, during sunny season the supply is less unlike rainy season, animals produce a lot of milk since they are fed well.

[Assistant] which group of people faces more challenges than the other in facing the changes? Is it men or women?

[User] men usually face more challenges since they are the head of the family and that being the fact they have to provide for their families

[Assistant] do the conflicts bring about scarcity of food?

[User] I don’t think so since foods are found in the market, so I cannot say they do, they don’t it depends on where the food is found.

[Assistant] do the conflicts between peasants and farmers increase or decreases?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] men usually face more challenges since they are the head of the family and that being the fact they have to provide for their families

[Assistant] do the conflicts bring about scarcity of food?

[User] I don’t think so since foods are found in the market, so I cannot say they do, they don’t it depends on where the food is found.

[Assistant] do the conflicts between peasants and farmers increase or decreases?

[User] in this village there is great understanding between farmers and peasants, I believe there are no conflicts between them peasants usually take their cattle to the river to drink water without any problem.

[Assistant] you told me when the living conditions are bad men do more work which are hard compared to women, what type of works do they do?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I don’t think so since foods are found in the market, so I cannot say they do, they don’t it depends on where the food is found.

[Assistant] do the conflicts between peasants and farmers increase or decreases?

[User] in this village there is great understanding between farmers and peasants, I believe there are no conflicts between them peasants usually take their cattle to the river to drink water without any problem.

[Assistant] you told me when the living conditions are bad men do more work which are hard compared to women, what type of works do they do?

[User] there is no enough food in the family, no money still the family needs to eat; I may help in attaining the needs of the family though the father has to work more to provide for his family.

[Assistant] is there time whereby you move your cattle from one area to the other?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] in this village there is great understanding between farmers and peasants, I believe there are no conflicts between them peasants usually take their cattle to the river to drink water without any problem.

[Assistant] you told me when the living conditions are bad men do more work which are hard compared to women, what type of works do they do?

[User] there is no enough food in the family, no money still the family needs to eat; I may help in attaining the needs of the family though the father has to work more to provide for his family.

[Assistant] is there time whereby you move your cattle from one area to the other?

[User] yes

[Assistant] who does the work of moving the cattle?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] there is no enough food in the family, no money still the family needs to eat; I may help in attaining the needs of the family though the father has to work more to provide for his family.

[Assistant] is there time whereby you move your cattle from one area to the other?

[User] yes

[Assistant] who does the work of moving the cattle?

[User] That depends on the family, the head of the family that is the father may move the cattle or if there are youth in the family they may move the cattle from one area to the other.

[Assistant] where do people get food when they have moved their cattle to another area?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] yes

[Assistant] who does the work of moving the cattle?

[User] That depends on the family, the head of the family that is the father may move the cattle or if there are youth in the family they may move the cattle from one area to the other.

[Assistant] where do people get food when they have moved their cattle to another area?

[User] I think the head of the family provides for his family but I cannot comment on that since I have not moved my cattle.

[Assistant] what about the society?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] That depends on the family, the head of the family that is the father may move the cattle or if there are youth in the family they may move the cattle from one area to the other.

[Assistant] where do people get food when they have moved their cattle to another area?

[User] I think the head of the family provides for his family but I cannot comment on that since I have not moved my cattle.

[Assistant] what about the society?

[User] what I know is the father and his children may move but the father leaves enough food for the people remaining, and the father moves from one area to the other that is visits his home and the area he is keeping the cattle.

[Assistant] what about the milk supply?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I think the head of the family provides for his family but I cannot comment on that since I have not moved my cattle.

[Assistant] what about the society?

[User] what I know is the father and his children may move but the father leaves enough food for the people remaining, and the father moves from one area to the other that is visits his home and the area he is keeping the cattle.

[Assistant] what about the milk supply?

[User] usually the moving cattle don’t produce enough milk, so there is poor supply of milk until when the cattle return home during its rainy season.

[Assistant] what other activities do people do apart from farming and livestock keeping?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] what I know is the father and his children may move but the father leaves enough food for the people remaining, and the father moves from one area to the other that is visits his home and the area he is keeping the cattle.

[Assistant] what about the milk supply?

[User] usually the moving cattle don’t produce enough milk, so there is poor supply of milk until when the cattle return home during its rainy season.

[Assistant] what other activities do people do apart from farming and livestock keeping?

[User] men or women?

[Assistant] let’s start with men


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] usually the moving cattle don’t produce enough milk, so there is poor supply of milk until when the cattle return home during its rainy season.

[Assistant] what other activities do people do apart from farming and livestock keeping?

[User] men or women?

[Assistant] let’s start with men

[User] Able men involve themselves in several activities; youth involve themselves in business of selling cattle

[Assistant] any other activities


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] men or women?

[Assistant] let’s start with men

[User] Able men involve themselves in several activities; youth involve themselves in business of selling cattle

[Assistant] any other activities

[User] for us women we involve ourselves in sewing, selling accessories

[Assistant] How about selling charcoal?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Able men involve themselves in several activities; youth involve themselves in business of selling cattle

[Assistant] any other activities

[User] for us women we involve ourselves in sewing, selling accessories

[Assistant] How about selling charcoal?

[User] in our society majority do not involve themselves in that activity

[Assistant] what about mining?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] for us women we involve ourselves in sewing, selling accessories

[Assistant] How about selling charcoal?

[User] in our society majority do not involve themselves in that activity

[Assistant] what about mining?

[User] I have never seen that in this village maybe it’s done in other villages

[Assistant] you told me that in this village people involve themselves in business, what do other do?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I have never seen that in this village maybe it’s done in other villages

[Assistant] you told me that in this village people involve themselves in business, what do other do?

[User] the ones who are able do business and the ones who are incapable they just stay at home. Their children take care of their old parents; they get profit from their business and add the number of their cattle

[Assistant] what else?

[User] they buy land and build houses

[Assistant] are those the benefits of doing business?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] the ones who are able do business and the ones who are incapable they just stay at home. Their children take care of their old parents; they get profit from their business and add the number of their cattle

[Assistant] what else?

[User] they buy land and build houses

[Assistant] are those the benefits of doing business?

[User] yes

[Assistant] what about disadvantages?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] they buy land and build houses

[Assistant] are those the benefits of doing business?

[User] yes

[Assistant] what about disadvantages?

[User] people who don’t involve themselves in doing anything usually get loss, no income

[Assistant] I would like to know major problems in livestock keeping? And what about those who go to school, what do they do after school?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] yes

[Assistant] what about disadvantages?

[User] people who don’t involve themselves in doing anything usually get loss, no income

[Assistant] I would like to know major problems in livestock keeping? And what about those who go to school, what do they do after school?

[User] after finishing school some get employed, some are teachers, some are just at home. It depends on their educational level

[Assistant] what about traditions?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] after finishing school some get employed, some are teachers, some are just at home. It depends on their educational level

[Assistant] what about traditions?

[User] do you mean in this village?

[Assistant] yes

[User] I have not seen

[Assistant] do conflicts cause changes in the village


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] do you mean in this village?

[Assistant] yes

[User] I have not seen

[Assistant] do conflicts cause changes in the village

[User] no, I don’t think so

[Assistant] do visitors bring about any changes in the village that is development?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I have not seen

[Assistant] do conflicts cause changes in the village

[User] no, I don’t think so

[Assistant] do visitors bring about any changes in the village that is development?

[User] I have not seen any visitors here.

[Assistant] I would like to know the activities done by women in different season and how these activities have affected a family as whole?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] no, I don’t think so

[Assistant] do visitors bring about any changes in the village that is development?

[User] I have not seen any visitors here.

[Assistant] I would like to know the activities done by women in different season and how these activities have affected a family as whole?

[User] I usually come do the business after making sure all the necessary needs of the family are met, so my family is not affected in any way with what I do

[Assistant] who looks after the cattle when you are not around?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I have not seen any visitors here.

[Assistant] I would like to know the activities done by women in different season and how these activities have affected a family as whole?

[User] I usually come do the business after making sure all the necessary needs of the family are met, so my family is not affected in any way with what I do

[Assistant] who looks after the cattle when you are not around?

[User] my children usually look after the cattle with their wives, some take the cattle to be fed, and the remaining stay at home making sure they cook and serve the family

[Assistant] what about in other societies?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I usually come do the business after making sure all the necessary needs of the family are met, so my family is not affected in any way with what I do

[Assistant] who looks after the cattle when you are not around?

[User] my children usually look after the cattle with their wives, some take the cattle to be fed, and the remaining stay at home making sure they cook and serve the family

[Assistant] what about in other societies?

[User] we differ so it depends on each family, some leave for a week, they make sure the necessities are available to feed the family for the whole week.

[Assistant] do people move to other village or do visitors come to stay?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] my children usually look after the cattle with their wives, some take the cattle to be fed, and the remaining stay at home making sure they cook and serve the family

[Assistant] what about in other societies?

[User] we differ so it depends on each family, some leave for a week, they make sure the necessities are available to feed the family for the whole week.

[Assistant] do people move to other village or do visitors come to stay?

[User] some leave but only for a while the families are left behind.

[Assistant] what group of people usually moves from one area to the other oftenely?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] we differ so it depends on each family, some leave for a week, they make sure the necessities are available to feed the family for the whole week.

[Assistant] do people move to other village or do visitors come to stay?

[User] some leave but only for a while the families are left behind.

[Assistant] what group of people usually moves from one area to the other oftenely?

[User] the ones who keep the cattle are the ones who move.

[Assistant] are there people who move for good to a new area?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] some leave but only for a while the families are left behind.

[Assistant] what group of people usually moves from one area to the other oftenely?

[User] the ones who keep the cattle are the ones who move.

[Assistant] are there people who move for good to a new area?

[User] there are none, but in few cases if a family is not well-off they may decide to move or maybe the head of the family has passed away the relatives may decide to move the family to another area.

[Assistant] are there people who move to other area to go study?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] the ones who keep the cattle are the ones who move.

[Assistant] are there people who move for good to a new area?

[User] there are none, but in few cases if a family is not well-off they may decide to move or maybe the head of the family has passed away the relatives may decide to move the family to another area.

[Assistant] are there people who move to other area to go study?

[User] yes, children go to study other areas.

[Assistant] what about men?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] there are none, but in few cases if a family is not well-off they may decide to move or maybe the head of the family has passed away the relatives may decide to move the family to another area.

[Assistant] are there people who move to other area to go study?

[User] yes, children go to study other areas.

[Assistant] what about men?

[User] only religious people go to study to become pastors

[Assistant] what about women?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] yes, children go to study other areas.

[Assistant] what about men?

[User] only religious people go to study to become pastors

[Assistant] what about women?

[User] most women do not go in exception of a few who attend seminars

[Assistant] what about youth?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] only religious people go to study to become pastors

[Assistant] what about women?

[User] most women do not go in exception of a few who attend seminars

[Assistant] what about youth?

[User] most youth go to study and in some cases they usually say they are going to look for jobs rather the reason for them to leave is to go study.

[Assistant] so they usually go and return?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] most women do not go in exception of a few who attend seminars

[Assistant] what about youth?

[User] most youth go to study and in some cases they usually say they are going to look for jobs rather the reason for them to leave is to go study.

[Assistant] so they usually go and return?

[User] yes they do

[Assistant] what about livestock keepers?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] most youth go to study and in some cases they usually say they are going to look for jobs rather the reason for them to leave is to go study.

[Assistant] so they usually go and return?

[User] yes they do

[Assistant] what about livestock keepers?

[User] as I said earlier during dry season they usually move their cattle in search for food.

[Assistant] how have these changes affected the society when people move?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] yes they do

[Assistant] what about livestock keepers?

[User] as I said earlier during dry season they usually move their cattle in search for food.

[Assistant] how have these changes affected the society when people move?

[User] I have not seen how the society is affected

[Assistant] what about people who come here?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] as I said earlier during dry season they usually move their cattle in search for food.

[Assistant] how have these changes affected the society when people move?

[User] I have not seen how the society is affected

[Assistant] what about people who come here?

[User] lately I have not seen but a while ago visitors used to come, before when a woman or a girl is married and they separate with the husband they usually come visit or to stay, and some usually come to bury his husband or their parent and stay

[Assistant] for those who visit, do they change the society?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I have not seen how the society is affected

[Assistant] what about people who come here?

[User] lately I have not seen but a while ago visitors used to come, before when a woman or a girl is married and they separate with the husband they usually come visit or to stay, and some usually come to bury his husband or their parent and stay

[Assistant] for those who visit, do they change the society?

[User] changes are when they leave with health weakness and goes maybe after being taken good care by the family member and the weather was good in that place in that time

[Assistant] how about nutrition?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] lately I have not seen but a while ago visitors used to come, before when a woman or a girl is married and they separate with the husband they usually come visit or to stay, and some usually come to bury his husband or their parent and stay

[Assistant] for those who visit, do they change the society?

[User] changes are when they leave with health weakness and goes maybe after being taken good care by the family member and the weather was good in that place in that time

[Assistant] how about nutrition?

[User] it depends with the family, some take boiled milk some take raw, some take roasted meat some take boiled so it depends on every family

[Assistant] what changes are brought by those who go to study away from home?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] changes are when they leave with health weakness and goes maybe after being taken good care by the family member and the weather was good in that place in that time

[Assistant] how about nutrition?

[User] it depends with the family, some take boiled milk some take raw, some take roasted meat some take boiled so it depends on every family

[Assistant] what changes are brought by those who go to study away from home?

[User] do you mean changes of the body, habit or health?

[Assistant] all changes like habit


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] it depends with the family, some take boiled milk some take raw, some take roasted meat some take boiled so it depends on every family

[Assistant] what changes are brought by those who go to study away from home?

[User] do you mean changes of the body, habit or health?

[Assistant] all changes like habit

[User] some children leave the society when they are considered they cannot cope with others but when they come back they behave well. They help the elders on the way, they greet the elders well

[Assistant] when children come home how do you live?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] do you mean changes of the body, habit or health?

[Assistant] all changes like habit

[User] some children leave the society when they are considered they cannot cope with others but when they come back they behave well. They help the elders on the way, they greet the elders well

[Assistant] when children come home how do you live?

[User] we live well

[Assistant] how do you adapt with change in number?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] some children leave the society when they are considered they cannot cope with others but when they come back they behave well. They help the elders on the way, they greet the elders well

[Assistant] when children come home how do you live?

[User] we live well

[Assistant] how do you adapt with change in number?

[User] we live well children become happy with presence of every member

[Assistant] when people are away what changes occur in the society?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] we live well

[Assistant] how do you adapt with change in number?

[User] we live well children become happy with presence of every member

[Assistant] when people are away what changes occur in the society?

[User] when people are few in number, so the situation is not that good.

[Assistant] what about nutrition?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] we live well children become happy with presence of every member

[Assistant] when people are away what changes occur in the society?

[User] when people are few in number, so the situation is not that good.

[Assistant] what about nutrition?

[User] also incase of nutrition people do not eat well.

[Assistant] are there conflicts between farmers and livestock keepers?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] when people are few in number, so the situation is not that good.

[Assistant] what about nutrition?

[User] also incase of nutrition people do not eat well.

[Assistant] are there conflicts between farmers and livestock keepers?

[User] lately there are no conflicts it just occurred once

[Assistant] when was it?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] also incase of nutrition people do not eat well.

[Assistant] are there conflicts between farmers and livestock keepers?

[User] lately there are no conflicts it just occurred once

[Assistant] when was it?

[User] two years ago

[Assistant] Are there conflicts between visitors and people whore are born here?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] lately there are no conflicts it just occurred once

[Assistant] when was it?

[User] two years ago

[Assistant] Are there conflicts between visitors and people whore are born here?

[User] There are none

[Assistant] Are there any conflicts which you have observed?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] two years ago

[Assistant] Are there conflicts between visitors and people whore are born here?

[User] There are none

[Assistant] Are there any conflicts which you have observed?

[User] It’s just that one between farmers and livestock keepers

[Assistant] How do you solve such a conflict?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] There are none

[Assistant] Are there any conflicts which you have observed?

[User] It’s just that one between farmers and livestock keepers

[Assistant] How do you solve such a conflict?

[User] The government usually intervenes and solves the conflict

[Assistant] When do these conflicts occur?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It’s just that one between farmers and livestock keepers

[Assistant] How do you solve such a conflict?

[User] The government usually intervenes and solves the conflict

[Assistant] When do these conflicts occur?

[User] During dry season

[Assistant] What causes these conflicts?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] The government usually intervenes and solves the conflict

[Assistant] When do these conflicts occur?

[User] During dry season

[Assistant] What causes these conflicts?

[User] I think dry season causes this; if your cattle are at home and fed well you cannot move them to another area so people’s farms are safe. Conflicts occur when the cattle feed themselves on people’s farms.

[Assistant] How have these conflicts affected livestock keepers?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] During dry season

[Assistant] What causes these conflicts?

[User] I think dry season causes this; if your cattle are at home and fed well you cannot move them to another area so people’s farms are safe. Conflicts occur when the cattle feed themselves on people’s farms.

[Assistant] How have these conflicts affected livestock keepers?

[User] The livestock keepers are affected, conflicts are not good.

[Assistant] And what about the farmers


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I think dry season causes this; if your cattle are at home and fed well you cannot move them to another area so people’s farms are safe. Conflicts occur when the cattle feed themselves on people’s farms.

[Assistant] How have these conflicts affected livestock keepers?

[User] The livestock keepers are affected, conflicts are not good.

[Assistant] And what about the farmers

[User] It has affected both sides a lot since these conflict causes the two sides to kill each other which is not a good thing.

[Assistant] Are the feeding areas affected?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] The livestock keepers are affected, conflicts are not good.

[Assistant] And what about the farmers

[User] It has affected both sides a lot since these conflict causes the two sides to kill each other which is not a good thing.

[Assistant] Are the feeding areas affected?

[User] They are not affected

[Assistant] How have these conflicts affected the responsibilities of men and women?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] They are not affected

[Assistant] How have these conflicts affected the responsibilities of men and women?

[User] Yes it has affected as you can see

[Assistant] How?

[User] Due to the fact when people fight it’s not a good thing, it affects us.

[Assistant] How do these conflicts affect the availability of food in different families?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes it has affected as you can see

[Assistant] How?

[User] Due to the fact when people fight it’s not a good thing, it affects us.

[Assistant] How do these conflicts affect the availability of food in different families?

[User] Yes they affect a lot if the markets are within the range of areas of conflicts we cannot go there.

[Assistant] What means do you use to avoid the conflicts?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Due to the fact when people fight it’s not a good thing, it affects us.

[Assistant] How do these conflicts affect the availability of food in different families?

[User] Yes they affect a lot if the markets are within the range of areas of conflicts we cannot go there.

[Assistant] What means do you use to avoid the conflicts?

[User] The government does all of the work of solving the conflicts.

[Assistant] Am almost winding up, I only have few questions left.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Yes they affect a lot if the markets are within the range of areas of conflicts we cannot go there.

[Assistant] What means do you use to avoid the conflicts?

[User] The government does all of the work of solving the conflicts.

[Assistant] Am almost winding up, I only have few questions left.

[User] Continue

[Assistant] I would like to know the areas where by people learn about nutrition?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] The government does all of the work of solving the conflicts.

[Assistant] Am almost winding up, I only have few questions left.

[User] Continue

[Assistant] I would like to know the areas where by people learn about nutrition?

[User] Clinic, they teach how to feed children, we get a lot of knowledge there

[Assistant] How do the knowledge been useful to them?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Continue

[Assistant] I would like to know the areas where by people learn about nutrition?

[User] Clinic, they teach how to feed children, we get a lot of knowledge there

[Assistant] How do the knowledge been useful to them?

[User] When one acquires the knowledge and uses it she looks at the outcome, which is the child’s health

[Assistant] Is there any other area where they acquire the knowledge?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Clinic, they teach how to feed children, we get a lot of knowledge there

[Assistant] How do the knowledge been useful to them?

[User] When one acquires the knowledge and uses it she looks at the outcome, which is the child’s health

[Assistant] Is there any other area where they acquire the knowledge?

[User] I only know at the clinic

[Assistant] How have the information about food and health helped in our societies?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] When one acquires the knowledge and uses it she looks at the outcome, which is the child’s health

[Assistant] Is there any other area where they acquire the knowledge?

[User] I only know at the clinic

[Assistant] How have the information about food and health helped in our societies?

[User] if you listen to what you’re told you will get the benefits.

[Assistant] where would you love to be taught about all these information abot nutrition?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] if you listen to what you’re told you will get the benefits.

[Assistant] where would you love to be taught about all these information abot nutrition?

[User] wherever necessary

[Assistant] like where?

[User] anywhere

[Assistant] do you mean like in schools?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] wherever necessary

[Assistant] like where?

[User] anywhere

[Assistant] do you mean like in schools?

[User] we would love to

[Assistant] what about in church?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] anywhere

[Assistant] do you mean like in schools?

[User] we would love to

[Assistant] what about in church?

[User] we would love to

[Assistant] and health institution?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] we would love to

[Assistant] and health institution?

[User] we would love to

[Assistant] radio stations

[User] we would love to

[Assistant] who do you prefer to teach you?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
We are currently eating stiff porridge, vegetables, beans, meat and milk as well as rice.

I mostly eat stiff porridge, this is our staple food. In the past years, we used to drink milk as our staple food and we used to eat stiff porridge only during summer season.

We really depend on stiff porridge as our staple food, we also use beans and vegetables as well as milk as part of our meals.

[Assistant] Which kind of vegetables do you always eat?

[User]
Pigeon peas leaves and pumpkin leaves.

We also eat green gram, cassava leaves, etc.

I eat stiff porridge, rice, vegetables such as pumpkin leaves, milk, fermented milk, sweet potato leaves.

Our staple food is stiff porridge and the main relish during rain season is milk, but this season we have beans, pigeon peas, sweet potato leaves, amaranth leaves, meat, etc.

We normally prepare two meals per day, in the morning and evening; we eat stiff porridge and milk. We do not have lunch.

[Assistant] What was your staple food in the past years

[User]
Our staple food was meat; we did not mix meat with other foods because we were afraid of stomach aches.

At our young ages, we did not eat stiff porridge, we had few cows but we used to eat cow blood and cow milk.

At our young ages, we used to eat cow meat, cow blood, cracked and cooked maize and milk.

At our young ages we most depended on milk and cow blood which is boiled and flavored with little salt, then it is cooled and eaten. As time passed, we started eating stiff porridge which was grounded on stones.

[Assistant] Ok, elaborate more on the flour grounded by stones.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
Pigeon peas leaves and pumpkin leaves.

We also eat green gram, cassava leaves, etc.

I eat stiff porridge, rice, vegetables such as pumpkin leaves, milk, fermented milk, sweet potato leaves.

Our staple food is stiff porridge and the main relish during rain season is milk, but this season we have beans, pigeon peas, sweet potato leaves, amaranth leaves, meat, etc.

We normally prepare two meals per day, in the morning and evening; we eat stiff porridge and milk. We do not have lunch.

[Assistant] What was your staple food in the past years

[User]
Our staple food was meat; we did not mix meat with other foods because we were afraid of stomach aches.

At our young ages, we did not eat stiff porridge, we had few cows but we used to eat cow blood and cow milk.

At our young ages, we used to eat cow meat, cow blood, cracked and cooked maize and milk.

At our young ages we most depended on milk and cow blood which is boiled and flavored with little salt, then it is cooled and eaten. As time passed, we started eating stiff porridge which was grounded on stones.

[Assistant] Ok, elaborate more on the flour grounded by stones.

[User] Sorghum seeds were prepared and grounded on stones to produce flour. This was done by women in most cases.

[Assistant] Why were you not eating stiff porridge by then?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
Our staple food was meat; we did not mix meat with other foods because we were afraid of stomach aches.

At our young ages, we did not eat stiff porridge, we had few cows but we used to eat cow blood and cow milk.

At our young ages, we used to eat cow meat, cow blood, cracked and cooked maize and milk.

At our young ages we most depended on milk and cow blood which is boiled and flavored with little salt, then it is cooled and eaten. As time passed, we started eating stiff porridge which was grounded on stones.

[Assistant] Ok, elaborate more on the flour grounded by stones.

[User] Sorghum seeds were prepared and grounded on stones to produce flour. This was done by women in most cases.

[Assistant] Why were you not eating stiff porridge by then?

[User]
At our young ages, there was no enough maize, that's why we did not get much interested in eating stiff porridge.

Another reason why we did not eat stiff porridge at our young ages, it is because there were no milling machines, maize grains were crushed in the mortal and grounded on the stones, but nowadays we eat stiff porridge because there are a lot of milling machines, a lot of maize flour and everybody is able to afford.

[Assistant] How many meals did you get to prepare in your households per day at your young age and nowadays?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Sorghum seeds were prepared and grounded on stones to produce flour. This was done by women in most cases.

[Assistant] Why were you not eating stiff porridge by then?

[User]
At our young ages, there was no enough maize, that's why we did not get much interested in eating stiff porridge.

Another reason why we did not eat stiff porridge at our young ages, it is because there were no milling machines, maize grains were crushed in the mortal and grounded on the stones, but nowadays we eat stiff porridge because there are a lot of milling machines, a lot of maize flour and everybody is able to afford.

[Assistant] How many meals did you get to prepare in your households per day at your young age and nowadays?

[User]
At our young ages we used to have two meals, morning meals and dinner meals, but nowadays we prepare three meals, breakfast, lunch and dinner.

At our young ages our grandfathers did not till the land and grow crops and many farmers lived far away from our homes, so we used to eat cracked and cooked maize but sometimes we cooked uncrushed maize grains because of scattered settlements.

At our young ages, most farmers practised subsistent farming and not commercial farming, we maasai people are pastoralists and not farmers or crop cultivators, for that case our food depended on livestock products and nothing else, so when we came to interact with other people from different ethnic groups, we learned to crush maize grains on the mortal, we came to know how to prepare cracked and cooked maize. At this time many people decided to practice commercial farming and we started interacting with other people and learned to eat other foods such as fish, rice, etc. This was globalization which brought us together.

[Assistant] What do you mean by globalization?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
At our young ages, there was no enough maize, that's why we did not get much interested in eating stiff porridge.

Another reason why we did not eat stiff porridge at our young ages, it is because there were no milling machines, maize grains were crushed in the mortal and grounded on the stones, but nowadays we eat stiff porridge because there are a lot of milling machines, a lot of maize flour and everybody is able to afford.

[Assistant] How many meals did you get to prepare in your households per day at your young age and nowadays?

[User]
At our young ages we used to have two meals, morning meals and dinner meals, but nowadays we prepare three meals, breakfast, lunch and dinner.

At our young ages our grandfathers did not till the land and grow crops and many farmers lived far away from our homes, so we used to eat cracked and cooked maize but sometimes we cooked uncrushed maize grains because of scattered settlements.

At our young ages, most farmers practised subsistent farming and not commercial farming, we maasai people are pastoralists and not farmers or crop cultivators, for that case our food depended on livestock products and nothing else, so when we came to interact with other people from different ethnic groups, we learned to crush maize grains on the mortal, we came to know how to prepare cracked and cooked maize. At this time many people decided to practice commercial farming and we started interacting with other people and learned to eat other foods such as fish, rice, etc. This was globalization which brought us together.

[Assistant] What do you mean by globalization?

[User] Globalization accelerates the exposure of different issues to different people and their exact meanings, so many people changed their thinking and decided to extend their activities, and for instance most families started practicing commercial farming so as to maintain their families.

[Assistant] What has brought changes in foods which you used to eat at your young ages and foods which you are currently eating?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Globalization accelerates the exposure of different issues to different people and their exact meanings, so many people changed their thinking and decided to extend their activities, and for instance most families started practicing commercial farming so as to maintain their families.

[Assistant] What has brought changes in foods which you used to eat at your young ages and foods which you are currently eating?

[User]
It is because at our young ages we lacked diet and nutrition education, but when we came to be educated about diets and nutrition issues, we got to know the importance of different food items such as rice, maize, sorghum, vegetables, etc. If we did not get diet and nutrition education I think we would remain eating meat, cow blood and milk.

Most of the maasai started going to school in 1970s-1980s, the standard seven and college students helped us much in understanding the importance of different food nutrients. Another factor is social interaction between maasai and other people from different tribes, this also enabled us to change our diets.

If it was not drought the maasai would remain eating meat, cow blood and milk, but due to drought most maasai have changed their way of eating and adapted to eat new types of foods.

[Assistant] Thanks, you mentioned diet and nutrition education, provision of formal education, aridity and social interaction, what else has brought changes in your way of eating?

[User]
Another factor is familiarity among the maasai, most maasai became familiar with new types of foods prepared by people of different tribes.

We came to be educated on what is good and bad, when we got educated and understood most of the things, we decided to put into practice.

Another factor is mobility, the tendency of shifting from one place to another, so when we shift to another place we learn new things in the new settlement area, just we came to eat many kinds of food.

The basic factor relies on educated people who went to school in 1970s, they came back to our societies and educated us more about diet and food nutrition.

[Assistant] What about the people who shift from other places to your village? What do they learn?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
It is because at our young ages we lacked diet and nutrition education, but when we came to be educated about diets and nutrition issues, we got to know the importance of different food items such as rice, maize, sorghum, vegetables, etc. If we did not get diet and nutrition education I think we would remain eating meat, cow blood and milk.

Most of the maasai started going to school in 1970s-1980s, the standard seven and college students helped us much in understanding the importance of different food nutrients. Another factor is social interaction between maasai and other people from different tribes, this also enabled us to change our diets.

If it was not drought the maasai would remain eating meat, cow blood and milk, but due to drought most maasai have changed their way of eating and adapted to eat new types of foods.

[Assistant] Thanks, you mentioned diet and nutrition education, provision of formal education, aridity and social interaction, what else has brought changes in your way of eating?

[User]
Another factor is familiarity among the maasai, most maasai became familiar with new types of foods prepared by people of different tribes.

We came to be educated on what is good and bad, when we got educated and understood most of the things, we decided to put into practice.

Another factor is mobility, the tendency of shifting from one place to another, so when we shift to another place we learn new things in the new settlement area, just we came to eat many kinds of food.

The basic factor relies on educated people who went to school in 1970s, they came back to our societies and educated us more about diet and food nutrition.

[Assistant] What about the people who shift from other places to your village? What do they learn?

[User] They always learn to eat what we normally eat in our place.

[Assistant] What are the changes which have occurred in food preparation system?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
Another factor is familiarity among the maasai, most maasai became familiar with new types of foods prepared by people of different tribes.

We came to be educated on what is good and bad, when we got educated and understood most of the things, we decided to put into practice.

Another factor is mobility, the tendency of shifting from one place to another, so when we shift to another place we learn new things in the new settlement area, just we came to eat many kinds of food.

The basic factor relies on educated people who went to school in 1970s, they came back to our societies and educated us more about diet and food nutrition.

[Assistant] What about the people who shift from other places to your village? What do they learn?

[User] They always learn to eat what we normally eat in our place.

[Assistant] What are the changes which have occurred in food preparation system?

[User]
There are some changes in food preparation system, for instance nowadays food preparation has become easy unlike it was in the past years, this is because currently there are a lot of modern and improved cooking and other utensils.

In food preparation system , there are some changes, for instance at our young ages, we used to share the same milk calabash during meal time, but nowadays every person uses his/her own cup of milk during meals. When we got visitors at our young ages, we used to prepare a single pan of food for the visitors because by then there were few utensils.

[Assistant] Tell me the comparison which exists between food preparation / cooking at your young ages and nowadays?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] They always learn to eat what we normally eat in our place.

[Assistant] What are the changes which have occurred in food preparation system?

[User]
There are some changes in food preparation system, for instance nowadays food preparation has become easy unlike it was in the past years, this is because currently there are a lot of modern and improved cooking and other utensils.

In food preparation system , there are some changes, for instance at our young ages, we used to share the same milk calabash during meal time, but nowadays every person uses his/her own cup of milk during meals. When we got visitors at our young ages, we used to prepare a single pan of food for the visitors because by then there were few utensils.

[Assistant] Tell me the comparison which exists between food preparation / cooking at your young ages and nowadays?

[User]
There is slight difference in food preparation / cooking when you compare the two periods. In the past years there was no frying of foods between there was scarcity of required items such as cooking oil, we normally used ghee. We knew how to fry meat but not vegetables, but nowadays most of food items are fried.

At our young ages we used to prepare stiff porridge and 'kididio' as our meal. 'kididio' was boiled maize flour in water and mixed with salt. It was used with stiff porridge.

At our young ages nobody used to boil milk or drinking water but nowadays, milk and drinking water are boiled for health purpose.

[Assistant] Among the factors you have mentioned about diet and nutrition issues, what is the first and last factor?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No.

[Assistant] Ok, tell me the importance of milk among the maasai people?

[User]
We maasai people do eat and drink milk in high quantities because it is our traditional food, if we do not get milk to drink we really feel harassed, thus milk is a very important food item to us, milk can stand alone and taken as a balanced diet.

We drink milk because it builds our bodies. Most of our children like to drink milk, sometimes they cannot eat any other food without milk and if the child does not drink milk, its stomach swells but if the child drinks only milk, the child becomes healthier. That's why we like milk very much.

We maasai people do not depend on any other oil apart from ghee which is milk product, most young kids are also fed with ghee to improve their growth.

[Assistant] Which group enjoys the role played by milk between the young children and aldermen?

[User]
It is a group of children

If the children lack milk, they start crying, even if they have eaten other foods and become satisfied. Even for the case of elders, if you eat stiff porridge and get satisfied but if you have not taken milk, you do not feel happy.

[Assistant] Do children get milk nowadays?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
We maasai people do eat and drink milk in high quantities because it is our traditional food, if we do not get milk to drink we really feel harassed, thus milk is a very important food item to us, milk can stand alone and taken as a balanced diet.

We drink milk because it builds our bodies. Most of our children like to drink milk, sometimes they cannot eat any other food without milk and if the child does not drink milk, its stomach swells but if the child drinks only milk, the child becomes healthier. That's why we like milk very much.

We maasai people do not depend on any other oil apart from ghee which is milk product, most young kids are also fed with ghee to improve their growth.

[Assistant] Which group enjoys the role played by milk between the young children and aldermen?

[User]
It is a group of children

If the children lack milk, they start crying, even if they have eaten other foods and become satisfied. Even for the case of elders, if you eat stiff porridge and get satisfied but if you have not taken milk, you do not feel happy.

[Assistant] Do children get milk nowadays?

[User]
They get milk in small quantities.

Some households do not get to feed their children because they have shifted their cattle to other places, so they do not have source of milk.

For the case of maasai people, milk is a traditional and tribal food, for that case, if milk is not available for the maasai, they really feel harassed because most children experience malnutrition symptoms, they swell stomach. We always eat stiff porridge and other foods during summer or dry season but when it is rain season we depend on milk as our main food.

[Assistant] What do you do to ensure the availability of milk during dry season?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
It is a group of children

If the children lack milk, they start crying, even if they have eaten other foods and become satisfied. Even for the case of elders, if you eat stiff porridge and get satisfied but if you have not taken milk, you do not feel happy.

[Assistant] Do children get milk nowadays?

[User]
They get milk in small quantities.

Some households do not get to feed their children because they have shifted their cattle to other places, so they do not have source of milk.

For the case of maasai people, milk is a traditional and tribal food, for that case, if milk is not available for the maasai, they really feel harassed because most children experience malnutrition symptoms, they swell stomach. We always eat stiff porridge and other foods during summer or dry season but when it is rain season we depend on milk as our main food.

[Assistant] What do you do to ensure the availability of milk during dry season?

[User]
As a father, I will move to the place where cows are grazing so as to obtain some little milk for the children.

If all cows have been shifted to other far places, then we obtain milk from goats so as to make sure our children get some milk to drink.

[Assistant] What is the importance of cow blood/How do you use?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
They get milk in small quantities.

Some households do not get to feed their children because they have shifted their cattle to other places, so they do not have source of milk.

For the case of maasai people, milk is a traditional and tribal food, for that case, if milk is not available for the maasai, they really feel harassed because most children experience malnutrition symptoms, they swell stomach. We always eat stiff porridge and other foods during summer or dry season but when it is rain season we depend on milk as our main food.

[Assistant] What do you do to ensure the availability of milk during dry season?

[User]
As a father, I will move to the place where cows are grazing so as to obtain some little milk for the children.

If all cows have been shifted to other far places, then we obtain milk from goats so as to make sure our children get some milk to drink.

[Assistant] What is the importance of cow blood/How do you use?

[User]
We drink and eat cow blood so as to increase blood in our bodies because when we take cow blood mixed with milk, then blood and milk enters the blood vessels directly, it does not stay in the stomach.

Cow blood is purposely for health issues; it improves and maintains body organs health, more especially body blood content.

[Assistant] At what time do you drink blood?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
As a father, I will move to the place where cows are grazing so as to obtain some little milk for the children.

If all cows have been shifted to other far places, then we obtain milk from goats so as to make sure our children get some milk to drink.

[Assistant] What is the importance of cow blood/How do you use?

[User]
We drink and eat cow blood so as to increase blood in our bodies because when we take cow blood mixed with milk, then blood and milk enters the blood vessels directly, it does not stay in the stomach.

Cow blood is purposely for health issues; it improves and maintains body organs health, more especially body blood content.

[Assistant] At what time do you drink blood?

[User] Sometimes we drink it soon after slaughtering the cow, it means we drink it when it is still fresh.

[Assistant] Who drinks cow blood in larger quantities between men and women?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
We drink and eat cow blood so as to increase blood in our bodies because when we take cow blood mixed with milk, then blood and milk enters the blood vessels directly, it does not stay in the stomach.

Cow blood is purposely for health issues; it improves and maintains body organs health, more especially body blood content.

[Assistant] At what time do you drink blood?

[User] Sometimes we drink it soon after slaughtering the cow, it means we drink it when it is still fresh.

[Assistant] Who drinks cow blood in larger quantities between men and women?

[User]
It is men who drink cow blood more than women. In some circumstances when a woman has shortage of body blood, then she will have to drink cow blood.

When a person goes to the Hospital and he/she is found to have blood shortage in her body, then instead of buying human blood in the hospital, we use cow blood to increase body blood content.

[Assistant] Ok, to what extent do you still use cow blood?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Sometimes we drink it soon after slaughtering the cow, it means we drink it when it is still fresh.

[Assistant] Who drinks cow blood in larger quantities between men and women?

[User]
It is men who drink cow blood more than women. In some circumstances when a woman has shortage of body blood, then she will have to drink cow blood.

When a person goes to the Hospital and he/she is found to have blood shortage in her body, then instead of buying human blood in the hospital, we use cow blood to increase body blood content.

[Assistant] Ok, to what extent do you still use cow blood?

[User]
We still use cow blood though in small quantities.

Use of cow blood has decreased among the maasai people.

Nowadays we do drink cow blood when we slaughter cows but in normal cases we use blood if a person falls sick.

Among the maasai, the aldermen have not stopped or abandoned the use of cow blood, only the youths who have gone to school are the ones who seem to have abandoned this tradition.

[Assistant] Ok, in which circumstances do you use cow blood?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
It is men who drink cow blood more than women. In some circumstances when a woman has shortage of body blood, then she will have to drink cow blood.

When a person goes to the Hospital and he/she is found to have blood shortage in her body, then instead of buying human blood in the hospital, we use cow blood to increase body blood content.

[Assistant] Ok, to what extent do you still use cow blood?

[User]
We still use cow blood though in small quantities.

Use of cow blood has decreased among the maasai people.

Nowadays we do drink cow blood when we slaughter cows but in normal cases we use blood if a person falls sick.

Among the maasai, the aldermen have not stopped or abandoned the use of cow blood, only the youths who have gone to school are the ones who seem to have abandoned this tradition.

[Assistant] Ok, in which circumstances do you use cow blood?

[User] Cow blood is mostly used when a person loses much blood may be due to accidents, fighting or delivery among women

[Assistant] How do you think about the habit of abandoning the use of cow blood among your sons and daughters?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
We still use cow blood though in small quantities.

Use of cow blood has decreased among the maasai people.

Nowadays we do drink cow blood when we slaughter cows but in normal cases we use blood if a person falls sick.

Among the maasai, the aldermen have not stopped or abandoned the use of cow blood, only the youths who have gone to school are the ones who seem to have abandoned this tradition.

[Assistant] Ok, in which circumstances do you use cow blood?

[User] Cow blood is mostly used when a person loses much blood may be due to accidents, fighting or delivery among women

[Assistant] How do you think about the habit of abandoning the use of cow blood among your sons and daughters?

[User]
We are trying to enable our sons and daughters get used and familiar to the use of cow blood.

When they come from secondary schools, they find cow blood at home and some do drink it.

Some of our school sons and daughters, when they come back from schools, we slaughter goats and prepare soup with blood, so they get forced to eat them.

Some parents do try their best to educate their sons and daughters to continue eating livestock products because of their importance in human body.

[Assistant] Apart from accidents and baby delivery, in which circumstances do you use cow blood?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Cow blood is mostly used when a person loses much blood may be due to accidents, fighting or delivery among women

[Assistant] How do you think about the habit of abandoning the use of cow blood among your sons and daughters?

[User]
We are trying to enable our sons and daughters get used and familiar to the use of cow blood.

When they come from secondary schools, they find cow blood at home and some do drink it.

Some of our school sons and daughters, when they come back from schools, we slaughter goats and prepare soup with blood, so they get forced to eat them.

Some parents do try their best to educate their sons and daughters to continue eating livestock products because of their importance in human body.

[Assistant] Apart from accidents and baby delivery, in which circumstances do you use cow blood?

[User] We also use cow blood if a person falls sick or he/she has fever.

[Assistant] To what extent do the current youths drink cow blood compared to youths at your young ages?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
We are trying to enable our sons and daughters get used and familiar to the use of cow blood.

When they come from secondary schools, they find cow blood at home and some do drink it.

Some of our school sons and daughters, when they come back from schools, we slaughter goats and prepare soup with blood, so they get forced to eat them.

Some parents do try their best to educate their sons and daughters to continue eating livestock products because of their importance in human body.

[Assistant] Apart from accidents and baby delivery, in which circumstances do you use cow blood?

[User] We also use cow blood if a person falls sick or he/she has fever.

[Assistant] To what extent do the current youths drink cow blood compared to youths at your young ages?

[User]
The current youths do not like to use cow blood because they have adapted swahili norms, they no longer like to cling on maasai norms.

Sometimes when youths are taken to health centers, it may happen that he/she has shortage of body blood because most of them do not drink cow blood, we used to drink cow blood during our youth hood that's why we did not experience shortage of blood in our bodies. Moreover at our young ages, we used to drink some blood which is mixed with herbs so as to cure infections and diseases as well as to maintain body health

[Assistant] What else has forced the current youths to abandon drinking cow blood?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We also use cow blood if a person falls sick or he/she has fever.

[Assistant] To what extent do the current youths drink cow blood compared to youths at your young ages?

[User]
The current youths do not like to use cow blood because they have adapted swahili norms, they no longer like to cling on maasai norms.

Sometimes when youths are taken to health centers, it may happen that he/she has shortage of body blood because most of them do not drink cow blood, we used to drink cow blood during our youth hood that's why we did not experience shortage of blood in our bodies. Moreover at our young ages, we used to drink some blood which is mixed with herbs so as to cure infections and diseases as well as to maintain body health

[Assistant] What else has forced the current youths to abandon drinking cow blood?

[User]
Another reason is the modern education which has changed their mind set about cow blood; they claim that fresh cow blood is not good and not safe.

Another factor is penetration of Christianity religion which teaches people not to drink fresh cow blood instead they should drink Jesus Blood which saves people.

[Assistant] Ok, thanks. How have changes in diet and nutrition affected the maasai tribe?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
The current youths do not like to use cow blood because they have adapted swahili norms, they no longer like to cling on maasai norms.

Sometimes when youths are taken to health centers, it may happen that he/she has shortage of body blood because most of them do not drink cow blood, we used to drink cow blood during our youth hood that's why we did not experience shortage of blood in our bodies. Moreover at our young ages, we used to drink some blood which is mixed with herbs so as to cure infections and diseases as well as to maintain body health

[Assistant] What else has forced the current youths to abandon drinking cow blood?

[User]
Another reason is the modern education which has changed their mind set about cow blood; they claim that fresh cow blood is not good and not safe.

Another factor is penetration of Christianity religion which teaches people not to drink fresh cow blood instead they should drink Jesus Blood which saves people.

[Assistant] Ok, thanks. How have changes in diet and nutrition affected the maasai tribe?

[User] The changes in diet and nutrition system has not affected much the maasai tribe.

[Assistant] Do you experience land conflicts between livestocks keepers and crop cultivation in Mela?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
Another reason is the modern education which has changed their mind set about cow blood; they claim that fresh cow blood is not good and not safe.

Another factor is penetration of Christianity religion which teaches people not to drink fresh cow blood instead they should drink Jesus Blood which saves people.

[Assistant] Ok, thanks. How have changes in diet and nutrition affected the maasai tribe?

[User] The changes in diet and nutrition system has not affected much the maasai tribe.

[Assistant] Do you experience land conflicts between livestocks keepers and crop cultivation in Mela?

[User] No we have not experienced such kind of conflicts in Mela because we try to understand each other or sometimes if cows do invade farms and consume some crops, we just settle the situation as quickly as possible and continue with our lives.

[Assistant] How can you live without such kind of conflicts while there is more than one tribe here?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] The changes in diet and nutrition system has not affected much the maasai tribe.

[Assistant] Do you experience land conflicts between livestocks keepers and crop cultivation in Mela?

[User] No we have not experienced such kind of conflicts in Mela because we try to understand each other or sometimes if cows do invade farms and consume some crops, we just settle the situation as quickly as possible and continue with our lives.

[Assistant] How can you live without such kind of conflicts while there is more than one tribe here?

[User]
We have witnessed some fatal conflicts in other villages due to livestock invasion in crop farms, we do not like such kind of conflicts to happen in our area, we also try our best to maintain and keep good relationship and neighborhood among us, and we help each other in different circumstances.

Moreover there is leadership for the group of livestock keepers and crop cultivators, so the leaders from both groups try their best to educate and caution their people about land conflicts, most of us understand this and thus we avoid unnecessary conflicts.

[Assistant] Which year did you experience conflicts between livestock keepers and crop cultivators in Mela?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] No we have not experienced such kind of conflicts in Mela because we try to understand each other or sometimes if cows do invade farms and consume some crops, we just settle the situation as quickly as possible and continue with our lives.

[Assistant] How can you live without such kind of conflicts while there is more than one tribe here?

[User]
We have witnessed some fatal conflicts in other villages due to livestock invasion in crop farms, we do not like such kind of conflicts to happen in our area, we also try our best to maintain and keep good relationship and neighborhood among us, and we help each other in different circumstances.

Moreover there is leadership for the group of livestock keepers and crop cultivators, so the leaders from both groups try their best to educate and caution their people about land conflicts, most of us understand this and thus we avoid unnecessary conflicts.

[Assistant] Which year did you experience conflicts between livestock keepers and crop cultivators in Mela?

[User] We have never experience land conflicts between livestock keepers and crop cultivators in Mela.

[Assistant] Where do you get education about diet, nutrition and health issues in this community?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
We have witnessed some fatal conflicts in other villages due to livestock invasion in crop farms, we do not like such kind of conflicts to happen in our area, we also try our best to maintain and keep good relationship and neighborhood among us, and we help each other in different circumstances.

Moreover there is leadership for the group of livestock keepers and crop cultivators, so the leaders from both groups try their best to educate and caution their people about land conflicts, most of us understand this and thus we avoid unnecessary conflicts.

[Assistant] Which year did you experience conflicts between livestock keepers and crop cultivators in Mela?

[User] We have never experience land conflicts between livestock keepers and crop cultivators in Mela.

[Assistant] Where do you get education about diet, nutrition and health issues in this community?

[User]
We have got education about diet and health through seminars and trainings which are offered to our homes, this education is provided by certain organization.

Sometimes we get education about diet and health issues from SUA experts; they visit us to our homes and conduct such seminars and trainings. We also have PERAM organization which also provides such kind of education.

[Assistant] Who else provides education to you apart from SUA and PERAM experts?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We have never experience land conflicts between livestock keepers and crop cultivators in Mela.

[Assistant] Where do you get education about diet, nutrition and health issues in this community?

[User]
We have got education about diet and health through seminars and trainings which are offered to our homes, this education is provided by certain organization.

Sometimes we get education about diet and health issues from SUA experts; they visit us to our homes and conduct such seminars and trainings. We also have PERAM organization which also provides such kind of education.

[Assistant] Who else provides education to you apart from SUA and PERAM experts?

[User] We also get education from our fellow neighours who have been trained to do so from other organizations.

[Assistant] Where do women get diet and nutrition education?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
We have got education about diet and health through seminars and trainings which are offered to our homes, this education is provided by certain organization.

Sometimes we get education about diet and health issues from SUA experts; they visit us to our homes and conduct such seminars and trainings. We also have PERAM organization which also provides such kind of education.

[Assistant] Who else provides education to you apart from SUA and PERAM experts?

[User] We also get education from our fellow neighours who have been trained to do so from other organizations.

[Assistant] Where do women get diet and nutrition education?

[User] They also get from the people we have mentioned above and from the clinic for maternal and child care.

[Assistant] What is the impact of diet and nutrition education?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We also get education from our fellow neighours who have been trained to do so from other organizations.

[Assistant] Where do women get diet and nutrition education?

[User] They also get from the people we have mentioned above and from the clinic for maternal and child care.

[Assistant] What is the impact of diet and nutrition education?

[User] Provision of diet and nutrition education is very good.

[Assistant] How should it be provided?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] They also get from the people we have mentioned above and from the clinic for maternal and child care.

[Assistant] What is the impact of diet and nutrition education?

[User] Provision of diet and nutrition education is very good.

[Assistant] How should it be provided?

[User] I think it should be provided continuously so as to maintain understanding among the people.

[Assistant] How many times do you want to get this education?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Provision of diet and nutrition education is very good.

[Assistant] How should it be provided?

[User] I think it should be provided continuously so as to maintain understanding among the people.

[Assistant] How many times do you want to get this education?

[User]
We should get it at least twice a year.

We should get it at least four times a year.

[Assistant] Where should it be provided? Through churches, schools, magazines, mosques, etc.


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I think it should be provided continuously so as to maintain understanding among the people.

[Assistant] How many times do you want to get this education?

[User]
We should get it at least twice a year.

We should get it at least four times a year.

[Assistant] Where should it be provided? Through churches, schools, magazines, mosques, etc.

[User] It should be provided through households, they can create a schedule, for instance they can create groups of four households and provide education to them, this will make it easy for the people to understand it and get access to it.

[Assistant] Apart from house to house method, where else should this education be provided?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User]
We should get it at least twice a year.

We should get it at least four times a year.

[Assistant] Where should it be provided? Through churches, schools, magazines, mosques, etc.

[User] It should be provided through households, they can create a schedule, for instance they can create groups of four households and provide education to them, this will make it easy for the people to understand it and get access to it.

[Assistant] Apart from house to house method, where else should this education be provided?

[User] The diet and nutrition experts should collaborate with our educated youths in this village so as to simplify the provision of this education.

[Assistant] Which means should they apply in providing this education?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It should be provided through households, they can create a schedule, for instance they can create groups of four households and provide education to them, this will make it easy for the people to understand it and get access to it.

[Assistant] Apart from house to house method, where else should this education be provided?

[User] The diet and nutrition experts should collaborate with our educated youths in this village so as to simplify the provision of this education.

[Assistant] Which means should they apply in providing this education?

[User]
They should use brochures.

They can also use general meetings and gatherings

They should use general meetings to deliver this education because it involves oral teaching.

[Assistant] Do you have any other additional views?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Aridity

[Assistant] What do you mean?

[User] It is because of the rain scarcity

[Assistant] What is caused this?

[User] I t is because of cutting tree and extreme sun during the summer time

[Assistant] What is deference between the past summer time and the present one


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It is because of the rain scarcity

[Assistant] What is caused this?

[User] I t is because of cutting tree and extreme sun during the summer time

[Assistant] What is deference between the past summer time and the present one

[User] It is because of clearing forest for cultivation, the rain has tremendously decreased

[Assistant] When you started specifically experiencing the extreme sun


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I t is because of cutting tree and extreme sun during the summer time

[Assistant] What is deference between the past summer time and the present one

[User] It is because of clearing forest for cultivation, the rain has tremendously decreased

[Assistant] When you started specifically experiencing the extreme sun

[User] Like three years ago

[Assistant] Apart from aridity what else caused the food change


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Like three years ago

[Assistant] Apart from aridity what else caused the food change

[User] The Maasai are eating stiff porridge and fish now, this is because of interaction with Zigua

[Assistant] What else?

[User] I t is because of the food availability and the income, we can now eat chips because of that

[Assistant] What do you mean by food availability?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] I t is because of the food availability and the income, we can now eat chips because of that

[Assistant] What do you mean by food availability?

[User] It is because there are a lot of food available both food from the forest and food in the shops, you can buy NGOGWE

[Assistant] mmh

[User] Also, the income contributes to that you can buy fish for 200Tsh, African eggplant for 300Tsh, tomatoes for 100Tsh and you will bring home for cooking

[Assistant] Why the income has changed now


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It is because there are a lot of food available both food from the forest and food in the shops, you can buy NGOGWE

[Assistant] mmh

[User] Also, the income contributes to that you can buy fish for 200Tsh, African eggplant for 300Tsh, tomatoes for 100Tsh and you will bring home for cooking

[Assistant] Why the income has changed now

[User] I t is because of the farming and also the interaction with other people, this brings development as we exchanged activities and we get money, there are a lot of activities

[Assistant] what else? What about school issue?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Also, the income contributes to that you can buy fish for 200Tsh, African eggplant for 300Tsh, tomatoes for 100Tsh and you will bring home for cooking

[Assistant] Why the income has changed now

[User] I t is because of the farming and also the interaction with other people, this brings development as we exchanged activities and we get money, there are a lot of activities

[Assistant] what else? What about school issue?

[User] It is because when they go to school and town they learn when they come home they implement what they saw

[Assistant] What is that specifically, what are the changes when they come back home?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] It is because when they go to school and town they learn when they come home they implement what they saw

[Assistant] What is that specifically, what are the changes when they come back home?

[User] When they go there they usually see other people eating chicken fish and other food so when they come back they also do that

[Assistant] mhh

[User] Even the local school we have contribute to that, they saw people eating tea with Mandazi, so when they come back they do the same

[Assistant] What about the changes of customs and tradition? I mean for instance when a woman gave birth they used to slaughter cow and her well with that food, I mean that


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] When they go there they usually see other people eating chicken fish and other food so when they come back they also do that

[Assistant] mhh

[User] Even the local school we have contribute to that, they saw people eating tea with Mandazi, so when they come back they do the same

[Assistant] What about the changes of customs and tradition? I mean for instance when a woman gave birth they used to slaughter cow and her well with that food, I mean that

[User] When they go to school they change the way they dress they don’t dress as in our tradition

[Assistant] what are the activities that were used to be performed by the women but now men


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Even the local school we have contribute to that, they saw people eating tea with Mandazi, so when they come back they do the same

[Assistant] What about the changes of customs and tradition? I mean for instance when a woman gave birth they used to slaughter cow and her well with that food, I mean that

[User] When they go to school they change the way they dress they don’t dress as in our tradition

[Assistant] what are the activities that were used to be performed by the women but now men

[User] when the women are not around we do cooking activities, we wash clothes

[Assistant] what other activities


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] When they go to school they change the way they dress they don’t dress as in our tradition

[Assistant] what are the activities that were used to be performed by the women but now men

[User] when the women are not around we do cooking activities, we wash clothes

[Assistant] what other activities

[User] They were not cultivating but they do now

[Assistant] How that is contributed to food change?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] when the women are not around we do cooking activities, we wash clothes

[Assistant] what other activities

[User] They were not cultivating but they do now

[Assistant] How that is contributed to food change?

[User] We normally finish weeding early than in the past,

[Assistant] I think you didn’t get me well I mean how these changes have led to food change, The Masai women now go to the market and do petty business, they get money, what they do with that?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] They were not cultivating but they do now

[Assistant] How that is contributed to food change?

[User] We normally finish weeding early than in the past,

[Assistant] I think you didn’t get me well I mean how these changes have led to food change, The Masai women now go to the market and do petty business, they get money, what they do with that?

[User] (QUITE-They didn’t respond on that)

[Assistant] What kind of foods that are available and consumed much?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] We normally finish weeding early than in the past,

[Assistant] I think you didn’t get me well I mean how these changes have led to food change, The Masai women now go to the market and do petty business, they get money, what they do with that?

[User] (QUITE-They didn’t respond on that)

[Assistant] What kind of foods that are available and consumed much?

[User] Is stiff porridge, in this season we eat mostly meat, sardines, milk, fish and beans

[Assistant] what about its availability, did this contributed for these foods to be consumed more


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] (QUITE-They didn’t respond on that)

[Assistant] What kind of foods that are available and consumed much?

[User] Is stiff porridge, in this season we eat mostly meat, sardines, milk, fish and beans

[Assistant] what about its availability, did this contributed for these foods to be consumed more

[User] This made us to change, in the afternoon we eat stiff porridge while in the evening we eat rice

[Assistant] What about the availability of energy (Charcoal and firewood) has contributed to food change?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Is stiff porridge, in this season we eat mostly meat, sardines, milk, fish and beans

[Assistant] what about its availability, did this contributed for these foods to be consumed more

[User] This made us to change, in the afternoon we eat stiff porridge while in the evening we eat rice

[Assistant] What about the availability of energy (Charcoal and firewood) has contributed to food change?

[User] Masai use firewood

[Assistant] What about Zigua?


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] This made us to change, in the afternoon we eat stiff porridge while in the evening we eat rice

[Assistant] What about the availability of energy (Charcoal and firewood) has contributed to food change?

[User] Masai use firewood

[Assistant] What about Zigua?

[User] In the past they were using the firewood but now they changed to charcoal because of problem in firewoo d availability

[Assistant] How that is contributed to food change


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] Masai use firewood

[Assistant] What about Zigua?

[User] In the past they were using the firewood but now they changed to charcoal because of problem in firewoo d availability

[Assistant] How that is contributed to food change

[User] It is changed because, you choose what to cook that is why they are not cooking beans and they cook sardines instead

[Assistant] What else? What about the price


[System] Act as an information elicitation agent for academic interviews.

[User] In the past they were using the firewood but now they changed to charcoal because of problem in firewoo d availability

[Assistant] How that is contributed to food change

[User] It is changed because, you choose what to cook that is why they are not cooking beans and they cook sardines instead

[Assistant] What else? What about the price

[User] T his has an impact because you don’t eat much because of that, if you don’t have enough funds you are supposed to buy flour which is not expensive. However, this time the flour is very expensive compared to rice. Hence people are not consuming much that.

[Assistant] mhh, what about food stereotyping, what food can lead to stereotype?