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ODesign / data /src /model /modules /transformer.py
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# Copyright 2024 ByteDance and/or its affiliates.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

from functools import partial
from typing import Optional, Union

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F

from src.api.model_interface import PairFormerInput, DiffusionInput

from src.model.modules.primitives import (
    AdaptiveLayerNorm,
    Attention,
    BiasInitLinear,
    DropPath,
    LinearNoBias,
    broadcast_token_to_local_atom_pair,
    rearrange_qk_to_dense_trunk,
)
from src.model.modules.feature_dims import ATOMATTNENC_DIMS
from src.utils.model.misc import (
    aggregate_atom_to_token,
    broadcast_token_to_atom,
    permute_final_dims,
)
from src.utils.openfold_local.model.primitives import LayerNorm
from src.utils.openfold_local.utils.checkpointing import checkpoint_blocks


class AttentionPairBias(nn.Module):
    """
    Implements Algorithm 24 in AF3
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        has_s: bool = True,
        create_offset_ln_z: bool = False,
        n_heads: int = 16,
        c_a: int = 768,
        c_s: int = 384,
        c_z: int = 128,
        biasinit: float = -2.0,
        cross_attention_mode: bool = False,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Args:
            has_s (bool, optional):  whether s is None as stated in Algorithm 24 Line1. Defaults to True.
            create_offset_ln_z (bool, optional): the value of create_offset for the LayerNorm applied to z. Defaults to False.
            n_heads (int, optional): number of attention-like head in AttentionPairBias. Defaults to 16.
            c_a (int, optional): the embedding dim of a(single feature aggregated atom info). Defaults to 768.
            c_s (int, optional):  hidden dim [for single embedding]. Defaults to 384.
            c_z (int, optional): hidden dim [for pair embedding]. Defaults to 128.
            biasinit (float, optional): biasinit for BiasInitLinear. Defaults to -2.0.
            cross_attention_mode (bool, optional): If cross_attention_model = True, the adaptive layernorm will be applied
                to query and key/value seperately.
        """
        super(AttentionPairBias, self).__init__()
        assert c_a % n_heads == 0
        self.n_heads = n_heads
        self.has_s = has_s
        self.create_offset_ln_z = create_offset_ln_z
        self.cross_attention_mode = cross_attention_mode
        if has_s:
            # Line2
            self.layernorm_a = AdaptiveLayerNorm(c_a=c_a, c_s=c_s)
            if self.cross_attention_mode:
                self.layernorm_kv = AdaptiveLayerNorm(c_a=c_a, c_s=c_s)
        else:
            self.layernorm_a = LayerNorm(c_a)
            if self.cross_attention_mode:
                self.layernorm_kv = LayerNorm(c_a)

        # Line 6-11
        self.local_attention_method = "local_cross_attention"
        self.attention = Attention(
            c_q=c_a,
            c_k=c_a,
            c_v=c_a,
            c_hidden=c_a // n_heads,
            num_heads=n_heads,
            gating=True,
            q_linear_bias=True,
            local_attention_method=self.local_attention_method,
            zero_init=not self.has_s,  # Adaptive zero init
        )
        self.layernorm_z = LayerNorm(c_z, create_offset=self.create_offset_ln_z)
        # Alg24. Line8 is scalar, but this is different for different heads
        self.linear_nobias_z = LinearNoBias(in_features=c_z, out_features=n_heads)

        # Line 13
        if self.has_s:
            self.linear_a_last = BiasInitLinear(
                in_features=c_s, out_features=c_a, bias=True, biasinit=biasinit
            )

    def local_multihead_attention(
        self,
        q: torch.Tensor,
        kv: torch.Tensor,
        z: torch.Tensor,
        n_queries: int = 32,
        n_keys: int = 128,
        inplace_safe: bool = False,
        chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """Used by Algorithm 24, with beta_ij being the local mask. Used in AtomTransformer.
        Args:
            q (torch.Tensor): query embedding
                [..., N_atom, c_a]
            kv (torch.Tensor): key/value embedding
                [..., N_atom, c_a]
            z (torch.Tensor): atom-atom pair embedding, in trunked dense shape. Used for computing pair bias.
                [..., n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys, c_z]
            n_queries (int, optional): local window size of query tensor. Defaults to 32.
            n_keys (int, optional): local window size of key tensor. Defaults to 128.
            inplace_safe (bool): Whether it is safe to use inplace operations. Defaults to False.
            chunk_size (Optional[int]): Chunk size for memory-efficient operations. Defaults to None.
        Returns:
            torch.Tensor: the updated a from AttentionPairBias
                [..., N_atom, c_a]
        """

        assert n_queries == z.size(-3)
        assert n_keys == z.size(-2)
        assert len(z.shape) == len(q.shape) + 2

        # Multi-head attention bias
        bias = self.linear_nobias_z(
            self.layernorm_z(z)
        )  # [..., n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys, n_heads]
        bias = permute_final_dims(
            bias, [3, 0, 1, 2]
        )  # [..., n_heads, n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys]

        # Line 11: Multi-head attention with attention bias & gating (and optionally local attention)
        q = self.attention(
            q_x=q,
            kv_x=kv,
            trunked_attn_bias=bias,
            n_queries=n_queries,
            n_keys=n_keys,
            inplace_safe=inplace_safe,
            chunk_size=chunk_size,
        )
        return q

    def standard_multihead_attention(
        self,
        q: torch.Tensor,
        kv: torch.Tensor,
        z: torch.Tensor,
        inplace_safe: bool = False,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """Used by Algorithm 7/20
        Args:
            q (torch.Tensor): the query embedding
                [..., N_token, c_a]
            kv (torch.Tensor): the key/value embedding
                [..., N_token, c_a]
            z (torch.Tensor): pair embedding, used for computing pair bias.
                [..., N_token, N_token, c_z]
            inplace_safe (bool): Whether it is safe to use inplace operations. Defaults to False.
        Returns:
            torch.Tensor: the updated a from AttentionPairBias
                [..., N_token, c_a]
        """

        # Multi-head attention bias
        bias = self.linear_nobias_z(self.layernorm_z(z))
        bias = permute_final_dims(bias, [2, 0, 1])  # [..., n_heads, N_token, N_token]

        # Line 11: Multi-head attention with attention bias & gating (and optionally local attention)
        q = self.attention(q_x=q, kv_x=kv, attn_bias=bias, inplace_safe=inplace_safe)

        return q

    def forward(
        self,
        a: torch.Tensor,
        s: torch.Tensor,
        z: torch.Tensor,
        n_queries: Optional[int] = None,
        n_keys: Optional[int] = None,
        inplace_safe: bool = False,
        chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """Details are given in local_forward and standard_forward"""
        # Input projections
        if self.has_s:
            a = self.layernorm_a(a=a, s=s)
        else:
            a = self.layernorm_a(a)

        if self.cross_attention_mode:
            if self.has_s:
                kv = self.layernorm_kv(a=a, s=s)
            else:
                kv = self.layernorm_kv(a)
        else:
            kv = None

        # Multihead attention with pair bias
        if n_queries and n_keys:
            a = self.local_multihead_attention(
                a,
                kv if self.cross_attention_mode else a,
                z,
                n_queries,
                n_keys,
                inplace_safe=inplace_safe,
                chunk_size=chunk_size,
            )
        else:
            a = self.standard_multihead_attention(
                a,
                kv if self.cross_attention_mode else a,
                z,
                inplace_safe=inplace_safe,
            )

        # Output projection (from adaLN-Zero [27])
        if self.has_s:
            if inplace_safe:
                a *= torch.sigmoid(self.linear_a_last(s))
            else:
                a = torch.sigmoid(self.linear_a_last(s)) * a

        return a


class DiffusionTransformerBlock(nn.Module):
    """
    Implements Algorithm 23[Line2-Line3] in AF3
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        c_a: int,  # could be 128 or 768 in AF3
        c_s: int,  # could be c_s or c_atom
        c_z: int,  # could be c_z or c_atompair
        n_heads: int,  # could be 16 or 4 or ... in AF3
        biasinit: float = -2.0,
        drop_path_rate: float = 0.0,
        cross_attention_mode: bool = False,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Args:
            c_a (int, optional): single embedding dimension.
            c_s (int, optional): single embedding dimension.
            c_z (int, optional): pair embedding dimension.
            n_heads (int, optional): number of heads for DiffusionTransformerBlock.
        """
        super(DiffusionTransformerBlock, self).__init__()
        self.n_heads = n_heads
        self.c_a = c_a
        self.c_s = c_s
        self.c_z = c_z
        self.attention_pair_bias = AttentionPairBias(
            has_s=True,
            create_offset_ln_z=False,
            n_heads=n_heads,
            c_a=c_a,
            c_s=c_s,
            c_z=c_z,
            biasinit=biasinit,
            cross_attention_mode=cross_attention_mode,
        )
        self.conditioned_transition_block = ConditionedTransitionBlock(
            n=2, c_a=c_a, c_s=c_s, biasinit=biasinit
        )
        self.drop_path = (
            DropPath(drop_path_rate) if drop_path_rate > 0.0 else nn.Identity()
        )

    def forward(
        self,
        a: torch.Tensor,
        s: torch.Tensor,
        z: torch.Tensor,
        n_queries: Optional[int] = None,
        n_keys: Optional[int] = None,
        inplace_safe: bool = False,
        chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            a (torch.Tensor): the single feature aggregate per-atom representation
                [..., N, c_a]
            s (torch.Tensor): single embedding
                [..., N, c_s]
            z (torch.Tensor): pair embedding
                [..., N, N, c_z] or [..., n_block, n_queries, n_keys, c_z]
            n_queries (int, optional): local window size of query tensor. If not None, will perform local attention. Defaults to None.
            n_keys (int, optional): local window size of key tensor. Defaults to None.
            inplace_safe (bool): Whether it is safe to use inplace operations. Defaults to False.
            chunk_size (Optional[int]): Chunk size for memory-efficient operations. Defaults to None.
        Returns:
            torch.Tensor: the output of DiffusionTransformerBlock
                [..., N, c_a]
        """
        attn_out = self.drop_path(
            self.attention_pair_bias(
                a=a,
                s=s,
                z=z,
                n_queries=n_queries,
                n_keys=n_keys,
                inplace_safe=inplace_safe,
                chunk_size=chunk_size,
            )
        )
        if inplace_safe:
            attn_out += a
        else:
            attn_out = attn_out + a
        ff_out = self.drop_path(self.conditioned_transition_block(a=attn_out, s=s))
        out_a = ff_out + attn_out
        # Avoid s/z to be deleted by torch.utils.checkpoint
        return out_a, s, z


class DiffusionTransformer(nn.Module):
    """
    Implements Algorithm 23 in AF3
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        c_a: int,  # could be 128 or 768 in AF3
        c_s: int,  # could be c_s or c_atom
        c_z: int,  # could be c_z or c_atompair
        n_blocks: int,  # could be 3 or 24 in AF3
        n_heads: int,  # could be 16 or 4 or ... in AF3
        cross_attention_mode: bool = False,
        drop_path_rate: float = 0.0,  # drop skip connection path
        blocks_per_ckpt: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Args:
            c_a (int): single embedding dimension.
            c_s (int): single embedding dimension.
            c_z (int): pair embedding dimension.
            n_blocks (int): number of blocks in DiffusionTransformer.
            n_heads (int): number of heads in attention.
            blocks_per_ckpt: number of DiffusionTransformer blocks in each activation checkpoint
        """
        super(DiffusionTransformer, self).__init__()
        self.n_blocks = n_blocks
        self.n_heads = n_heads
        self.c_a = c_a
        self.c_s = c_s
        self.c_z = c_z
        self.blocks_per_ckpt = blocks_per_ckpt

        self.blocks = nn.ModuleList()
        drop_path_rates = [
            drop_path_value.item()
            for drop_path_value in torch.linspace(0, drop_path_rate, n_blocks)
        ]
        for i in range(n_blocks):
            block = DiffusionTransformerBlock(
                n_heads=n_heads,
                c_a=c_a,
                c_s=c_s,
                c_z=c_z,
                cross_attention_mode=cross_attention_mode,
                drop_path_rate=drop_path_rates[i],
            )
            self.blocks.append(block)

    def _prep_blocks(
        self,
        n_queries: Optional[int] = None,
        n_keys: Optional[int] = None,
        inplace_safe: bool = False,
        chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
        clear_cache_between_blocks: bool = False,
    ):
        blocks = [
            partial(
                b,
                n_queries=n_queries,
                n_keys=n_keys,
                inplace_safe=inplace_safe,
                chunk_size=chunk_size,
            )
            for b in self.blocks
        ]

        def clear_cache(b, *args, **kwargs):
            torch.cuda.empty_cache()
            return b(*args, **kwargs)

        if clear_cache_between_blocks:
            blocks = [partial(clear_cache, b) for b in blocks]
        return blocks

    def forward(
        self,
        a: torch.Tensor,
        s: torch.Tensor,
        z: torch.Tensor,
        n_queries: Optional[int] = None,
        n_keys: Optional[int] = None,
        inplace_safe: bool = False,
        chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            a (torch.Tensor): the single feature aggregate per-atom representation
                [..., N, c_a]
            s (torch.Tensor): single embedding
                [..., N, c_s]
            z (torch.Tensor): pair embedding
                [..., N, N, c_z]
            n_queries (int, optional): local window size of query tensor. If not None, will perform local attention. Defaults to None.
            n_keys (int, optional): local window size of key tensor. Defaults to None.
        Returns:
            torch.Tensor: the output of DiffusionTransformer
                [..., N, c_a]
        """
        if z.shape[-2] > 2000 and (not self.training):
            clear_cache_between_blocks = True
        else:
            clear_cache_between_blocks = False
        blocks = self._prep_blocks(
            n_queries=n_queries,
            n_keys=n_keys,
            inplace_safe=inplace_safe,
            chunk_size=chunk_size,
            clear_cache_between_blocks=clear_cache_between_blocks,
        )
        blocks_per_ckpt = self.blocks_per_ckpt
        if not torch.is_grad_enabled():
            blocks_per_ckpt = None
        a, s, z = checkpoint_blocks(
            blocks, args=(a, s, z), blocks_per_ckpt=blocks_per_ckpt
        )
        del s, z
        return a


class AtomTransformer(nn.Module):
    """
    Implements Algorithm 7 in AF3
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        c_atom: int = 128,
        c_atompair: int = 16,
        n_blocks: int = 3,
        n_heads: int = 4,
        n_queries: int = 32,
        n_keys: int = 128,
        blocks_per_ckpt: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> None:
        """Performs local transformer among atom embeddings, with bias predicted from atom pair embeddings
        Args:
            c_atom int: embedding dim for atom feature. Defaults to 128.
            c_atompair int: embedding dim for atompair feature. Defaults to 16.
            n_blocks (int, optional): number of block in AtomTransformer. Defaults to 3.
            n_heads (int, optional): nubmer of heads in attention. Defaults to 4.
            n_queries (int, optional): local window size of query tensor. If not None, will perform local attention. Defaults to 32.
            n_keys (int, optional): local window size of key tensor. Defaults to 128.
            blocks_per_ckpt: number of AtomTransformer/DiffusionTransformer blocks in each activation checkpoint
                Size of each chunk. A higher value corresponds to fewer
                checkpoints, and trades memory for speed. If None, no checkpointing
                is performed.
        """
        super(AtomTransformer, self).__init__()
        self.n_blocks = n_blocks
        self.n_heads = n_heads
        self.n_queries = n_queries
        self.n_keys = n_keys
        self.c_atom = c_atom
        self.c_atompair = c_atompair
        self.diffusion_transformer = DiffusionTransformer(
            n_blocks=n_blocks,
            n_heads=n_heads,
            c_a=c_atom,
            c_s=c_atom,
            c_z=c_atompair,
            cross_attention_mode=True,
            blocks_per_ckpt=blocks_per_ckpt,
        )

    def forward(
        self,
        q: torch.Tensor,
        c: torch.Tensor,
        p: torch.Tensor,
        inplace_safe: bool = False,
        chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            q (torch.Tensor): atom single embedding
                [..., N_atom, c_atom]
            c (torch.Tensor): atom single embedding
                [..., N_atom, c_atom]
            p (torch.Tensor): atompair embedding in dense block shape.
                [..., n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys, c_atompair]
        Returns:
            torch.Tensor: the output of AtomTransformer
                [..., N_atom, c_atom]
        """
        n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys = p.shape[-4:-1]

        assert n_queries == self.n_queries
        assert n_keys == self.n_keys
        return self.diffusion_transformer(
            a=q,
            s=c,
            z=p,
            n_queries=self.n_queries,
            n_keys=self.n_keys,
            inplace_safe=inplace_safe,
            chunk_size=chunk_size,
        )


class ConditionedTransitionBlock(nn.Module):
    """
    Implements Algorithm 25 in AF3
    """

    def __init__(self, c_a: int, c_s: int, n: int = 2, biasinit: float = -2.0) -> None:
        """
        Args:
            c_a (int, optional): single embedding dim (single feature aggregated atom info).
            c_s (int, optional):  single embedding dim.
            n (int, optional): channel scale factor. Defaults to 2.
        """
        super(ConditionedTransitionBlock, self).__init__()
        self.c_a = c_a
        self.c_s = c_s
        self.n = n
        self.adaln = AdaptiveLayerNorm(c_a=c_a, c_s=c_s)
        self.linear_nobias_a1 = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=c_a, out_features=n * c_a, initializer="relu"
        )
        self.linear_nobias_a2 = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=c_a, out_features=n * c_a, initializer="relu"
        )
        self.linear_nobias_b = LinearNoBias(in_features=n * c_a, out_features=c_a)
        self.linear_s = BiasInitLinear(
            in_features=c_s, out_features=c_a, bias=True, biasinit=biasinit
        )

    def forward(self, a: torch.Tensor, s: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            a (torch.Tensor): the single feature aggregate per-atom representation
                [..., N, c_a]
            s (torch.Tensor): single embedding
                [..., N, c_s]
        Returns:
            torch.Tensor: the updated a from ConditionedTransitionBlock
                [..., N, c_a]
        """
        a = self.adaln(a, s)
        b = F.silu((self.linear_nobias_a1(a))) * self.linear_nobias_a2(a)
        # Output projection (from adaLN-Zero [27])
        a = torch.sigmoid(self.linear_s(s)) * self.linear_nobias_b(b)
        return a


class AtomAttentionEncoder(nn.Module):
    """
    Implements Algorithm 5 in AF3
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        has_coords: bool,
        c_token: int,  # 384 or 768
        c_atom: int = 128,
        c_atompair: int = 16,
        c_s: int = 384,
        c_z: int = 128,
        n_blocks: int = 3,
        n_heads: int = 4,
        n_queries: int = 32,
        n_keys: int = 128,
        blocks_per_ckpt: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Args:
            has_coords (bool): whether the module input will contains coordinates (r_l).
            c_token (int): token embedding dim.
            c_atom (int, optional): atom embedding dim. Defaults to 128.
            c_atompair (int, optional): atompair embedding dim. Defaults to 16.
            c_s (int, optional):  single embedding dim. Defaults to 384.
            c_z (int, optional): pair embedding dim. Defaults to 128.
            n_blocks (int, optional): number of blocks in AtomTransformer. Defaults to 3.
            n_heads (int, optionall): number of heads in AtomTransformer. Defaults to 4.
            blocks_per_ckpt: number of AtomAttentionEncoder/AtomTransformer blocks in each activation checkpoint
                Size of each chunk. A higher value corresponds to fewer
                checkpoints, and trades memory for speed. If None, no checkpointing
                is performed.
        """
        super(AtomAttentionEncoder, self).__init__()
        self.has_coords = has_coords
        self.c_atom = c_atom
        self.c_atompair = c_atompair
        self.c_token = c_token
        self.c_s = c_s
        self.c_z = c_z
        self.n_queries = n_queries
        self.n_keys = n_keys
        self.local_attention_method = "local_cross_attention"

        self.input_feature_dims = ATOMATTNENC_DIMS
        self.linear_no_bias_ref_pos = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=3, out_features=self.c_atom, precision=torch.float32
        )  # use high precision for ref_pos
        self.linear_no_bias_ref_charge = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=1, out_features=self.c_atom
        )
        self.linear_no_bias_f = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=sum(self.input_feature_dims.values()), out_features=self.c_atom
        )
        self.linear_no_bias_d = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=3, out_features=self.c_atompair, precision=torch.float32
        )
        self.linear_no_bias_invd = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=1, out_features=self.c_atompair
        )
        self.linear_no_bias_v = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=1, out_features=self.c_atompair
        )

        if self.has_coords:
            self.layernorm_s = LayerNorm(self.c_s, create_offset=False)
            self.linear_no_bias_s = LinearNoBias(
                in_features=self.c_s,
                out_features=self.c_atom,
                initializer="zeros",
                precision=torch.float32,
            )
            # Line10
            self.layernorm_z = LayerNorm(
                self.c_z, create_offset=False
            )  # memory bottleneck
            self.linear_no_bias_z = LinearNoBias(
                in_features=self.c_z,
                out_features=self.c_atompair,
                initializer="zeros",
                precision=torch.float32,
            )
            # Line11
            self.linear_no_bias_r = LinearNoBias(
                in_features=3, out_features=self.c_atom, precision=torch.float32
            )
        self.linear_no_bias_cl = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=self.c_atom, out_features=self.c_atompair
        )
        self.linear_no_bias_cm = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=self.c_atom, out_features=self.c_atompair
        )
        self.small_mlp = nn.Sequential(
            nn.ReLU(),
            LinearNoBias(
                in_features=self.c_atompair,
                out_features=self.c_atompair,
                initializer="relu",
            ),
            nn.ReLU(),
            LinearNoBias(
                in_features=self.c_atompair,
                out_features=self.c_atompair,
                initializer="relu",
            ),
            nn.ReLU(),
            LinearNoBias(
                in_features=self.c_atompair,
                out_features=self.c_atompair,
                initializer="zeros",
            ),
        )
        self.atom_transformer = AtomTransformer(
            n_blocks=n_blocks,
            n_heads=n_heads,
            c_atom=c_atom,
            c_atompair=c_atompair,
            n_queries=n_queries,
            n_keys=n_keys,
            blocks_per_ckpt=blocks_per_ckpt,
        )
        self.linear_no_bias_q = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=self.c_atom, out_features=self.c_token
        )

    def forward(
        self,
        input_data: PairFormerInput | DiffusionInput,
        r_l: torch.Tensor = None,
        s: torch.Tensor = None,
        z: torch.Tensor = None,
        inplace_safe: bool = False,
        chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]:
        """
        Args:
            input_data (PairFormerInput): input meta feature dict
            r_l (torch.Tensor, optional): noisy position.
                [..., N_sample, N_atom, 3] if has_coords else None.
            s (torch.Tensor, optional): single embedding.
                [..., N_sample, N_token, c_s] if has_coords else None.
            z (torch.Tensor, optional): pair embedding
                [..., N_sample, N_token, N_token, c_z] if has_coords else None.
        Returns:
            tuple[torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor, torch.Tensor]: the output of AtomAttentionEncoder
            a:
                [..., (N_sample), N_token, c_token]
            q_l:
                [..., (N_sample), N_atom, c_atom]
            c_l:
                [..., (N_sample), N_atom, c_atom]
            p_lm:
                [..., (N_sample), N_atom, N_atom, c_atompair]
        """

        if self.has_coords:
            assert r_l is not None
            assert s is not None
            assert z is not None

        atom_to_token_idx = input_data.atom_to_token_idx
        # Create the atom single conditioning: Embed per-atom meta data
        # [..., N_atom, C_atom]
        batch_shape = input_data.ref_pos.shape[:-2]
        N_atom = input_data.ref_pos.shape[-2]
        c_l = self.linear_no_bias_ref_pos(
            input_data.ref_pos
        ) + self.linear_no_bias_ref_charge(
            # use arcsinh for ref_charge
            torch.arcsinh(input_data.ref_charge).reshape(
                *batch_shape, N_atom, 1
            )
        )
        if inplace_safe:
            c_l += self.linear_no_bias_f(
                torch.cat(
                    [
                        input_data[name].reshape(
                            *batch_shape, N_atom, self.input_feature_dims[name]
                        )
                        for name in self.input_feature_dims
                    ],
                    dim=-1,
                ).to(dtype=c_l.dtype)
            )
            c_l *= input_data.ref_mask.reshape(*batch_shape, N_atom, 1)
        else:
            c_l = c_l + self.linear_no_bias_f(
                torch.cat(
                    [
                        input_data[name].reshape(
                            *batch_shape, N_atom, self.input_feature_dims[name]
                        )
                        for name in self.input_feature_dims
                    ],
                    dim=-1,
                ).to(dtype=c_l.dtype)
            )
            c_l = c_l * input_data.ref_mask.reshape(*batch_shape, N_atom, 1)

        # Line2-Line4: Embed offsets between atom reference positions

        # Prepare tensors in dense trunks for local operations
        q_trunked_list, k_trunked_list, pad_info = rearrange_qk_to_dense_trunk(
            q=[input_data.ref_pos, input_data.ref_space_uid],
            k=[input_data.ref_pos, input_data.ref_space_uid],
            dim_q=[-2, -1],
            dim_k=[-2, -1],
            n_queries=self.n_queries,
            n_keys=self.n_keys,
            compute_mask=True,
        )

        # Compute atom pair feature
        d_lm = (
            q_trunked_list[0][..., None, :] - k_trunked_list[0][..., None, :, :]
        )  # [..., n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys, 3]
        v_lm = (
            q_trunked_list[1][..., None].int() == k_trunked_list[1][..., None, :].int()
        ).unsqueeze(
            dim=-1
        )  # [..., n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys, 1]
        p_lm = (self.linear_no_bias_d(d_lm) * v_lm) * pad_info[
            "mask_trunked"
        ].unsqueeze(
            dim=-1
        )  # [..., n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys, C_atompair]

        # Line5-Line6: Embed pairwise inverse squared distances, and the valid mask
        if inplace_safe:
            p_lm += (
                self.linear_no_bias_invd(1 / (1 + (d_lm**2).sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True)))
                * v_lm
            )
            p_lm += self.linear_no_bias_v(
                v_lm.to(dtype=p_lm.dtype)
            )  # not multipling v_lm
        else:
            p_lm = (
                p_lm
                + self.linear_no_bias_invd(
                    1 / (1 + (d_lm**2).sum(dim=-1, keepdim=True))
                )
                * v_lm
            )
            p_lm = p_lm + self.linear_no_bias_v(
                v_lm.to(dtype=p_lm.dtype)
            )  # not multipling v_lm

        # Line7: Initialise the atom single representation as the single conditioning
        # q_l = c_l.clone()

        # If provided, add trunk embeddings and noisy positions
        n_token = None
        if r_l is not None:
            N_sample = r_l.size(-3)

            # Broadcast the single and pair embedding from the trunk
            n_token = s.size(-2)
            c_l = c_l.unsqueeze(dim=-3) + broadcast_token_to_atom(
                x_token=self.linear_no_bias_s(self.layernorm_s(s)),
                atom_to_token_idx=atom_to_token_idx,
            )  # [..., N_sample, N_atom, c_atom]

            p_lm = (
                p_lm.unsqueeze(dim=-5)
                + broadcast_token_to_local_atom_pair(
                    z_token=self.linear_no_bias_z(self.layernorm_z(z)),
                    atom_to_token_idx=atom_to_token_idx,
                    n_queries=self.n_queries,
                    n_keys=self.n_keys,
                    compute_mask=False,
                )[0]
            )  # [..., N_sample, n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys, c_atompair]

            # Add the noisy positions
            # Different from paper!!
            q_l = c_l + self.linear_no_bias_r(r_l)  # [..., N_sample, N_atom, c_atom]
        else:
            q_l = c_l.clone()

        # Add the combined single conditioning to the pair representation
        c_l_q, c_l_k, _ = rearrange_qk_to_dense_trunk(
            q=c_l,
            k=c_l,
            dim_q=-2,
            dim_k=-2,
            n_queries=self.n_queries,
            n_keys=self.n_keys,
            compute_mask=False,
        )
        if inplace_safe:
            p_lm += self.linear_no_bias_cl(F.relu(c_l_q[..., None, :]))
            p_lm += self.linear_no_bias_cm(F.relu(c_l_k[..., None, :, :]))
            p_lm += self.small_mlp(p_lm)
        else:
            p_lm = (
                p_lm
                + self.linear_no_bias_cl(F.relu(c_l_q[..., None, :]))
                + self.linear_no_bias_cm(F.relu(c_l_k[..., None, :, :]))
            )  # [..., (N_sample), n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys, c_atompair]

            # Run a small MLP on the pair activations
            p_lm = p_lm + self.small_mlp(p_lm)
        
        # Cross attention transformer
        q_l = self.atom_transformer(
            q_l, c_l, p_lm, chunk_size=chunk_size
        )  # [..., (N_sample), N_atom, c_atom]

        # Aggregate per-atom representation to per-token representation
        a = aggregate_atom_to_token(
            x_atom=F.relu(self.linear_no_bias_q(q_l)),
            atom_to_token_idx=atom_to_token_idx,
            n_token=n_token,
            reduce="mean",
        )  # [..., (N_sample), N_token, c_token]
        if (not self.training) and (a.shape[-2] > 2000 or q_l.shape[-2] > 20000):
            torch.cuda.empty_cache()
        return a, q_l, c_l, p_lm


class AtomAttentionDecoder(nn.Module):
    """
    Implements Algorithm 6 in AF3
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        n_blocks: int = 3,
        n_heads: int = 4,
        c_token: int = 384,
        c_atom: int = 128,
        c_atompair: int = 16,
        n_queries: int = 32,
        n_keys: int = 128,
        blocks_per_ckpt: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Args:
            n_blocks (int, optional): number of blocks for AtomTransformer. Defaults to 3.
            n_heads (int, optional): number of heads for AtomTransformer. Defaults to 4.
            c_token (int, optional): feature channel of token (single a). Defaults to 384.
            c_atom (int, optional): embedding dim for atom embedding. Defaults to 128.
            c_atompair (int, optional): embedding dim for atom pair embedding.
            blocks_per_ckpt: number of AtomAttentionDecoder/AtomTransformer blocks in each activation checkpoint
                Size of each chunk. A higher value corresponds to fewer
                checkpoints, and trades memory for speed. If None, no checkpointing
                is performed.
        """
        super(AtomAttentionDecoder, self).__init__()
        self.n_blocks = n_blocks
        self.n_heads = n_heads
        self.c_token = c_token
        self.c_atom = c_atom
        self.c_atompair = c_atompair
        self.n_queries = n_queries
        self.n_keys = n_keys
        self.linear_no_bias_a = LinearNoBias(in_features=c_token, out_features=c_atom)
        self.layernorm_q = LayerNorm(c_atom, create_offset=False)
        self.linear_no_bias_out = LinearNoBias(
            in_features=c_atom, out_features=3, precision=torch.float32
        )
        self.atom_transformer = AtomTransformer(
            n_blocks=n_blocks,
            n_heads=n_heads,
            c_atom=c_atom,
            c_atompair=c_atompair,
            n_queries=n_queries,
            n_keys=n_keys,
            blocks_per_ckpt=blocks_per_ckpt,
        )

    def forward(
        self,
        input_data: DiffusionInput,
        a: torch.Tensor,
        q_skip: torch.Tensor,
        c_skip: torch.Tensor,
        p_skip: torch.Tensor,
        inplace_safe: bool = False,
        chunk_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        Args:
            input_feature_dict (dict[str, Union[torch.Tensor, int, float, dict]]): input meta feature dict
            a (torch.Tensor): the single feature aggregate per-atom representation
                [..., N_token, c_token]
            q_skip (torch.Tensor): atom single embedding
                [..., N_atom, c_atom]
            c_skip (torch.Tensor): atom single embedding
                [..., N_atom, c_atom]
            p_skip (torch.Tensor): atompair single embedding
                [..., n_blocks, n_queries, n_keys, c_atompair]
        Returns:
            torch.Tensor: the updated nosiy coordinates
                [..., N_atom, 3]
        """
        # Broadcast per-token activiations to per-atom activations and add the skip connection
        q = (
            broadcast_token_to_atom(
                x_token=self.linear_no_bias_a(a),  # [..., N_token, c_atom]
                atom_to_token_idx=input_data.atom_to_token_idx,
            )  # [..., N_atom, c_atom]
            + q_skip
        )

        # Cross attention transformer
        q = self.atom_transformer(
            q, c_skip, p_skip, inplace_safe=inplace_safe, chunk_size=chunk_size
        )

        # Map to positions update
        r = self.linear_no_bias_out(self.layernorm_q(q))

        return r