SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``United States Specialty Crop Export
Opportunities Act of 2007''.

SEC. 2. REGULATION OF EXPORTS OF PLANTS, PLANT PRODUCTS, BIOLOGICAL
              CONTROL ORGANISMS, AND NOXIOUS WEEDS.

    (a) In General.--Subtitle A of title IV of the Agricultural Risk
Protection Act of 2000 (7 U.S.C. 7701 et seq.) is amended by adding at
the end the following new section:

``SEC. 420. REGULATION OF EXPORTS OF PLANTS, PLANT PRODUCTS, BIOLOGICAL
              CONTROL ORGANISMS, AND NOXIOUS WEEDS.

    ``(a) In General.--The Secretary may regulate plants, plant
products, biological control organisms, and noxious weeds for export
purposes.
    ``(b) Duties.--The Secretary shall--
            ``(1) coordinate fruit and vegetable market analyses with
        the private sector and the Administrator of the Foreign
        Agricultural Service; and
            ``(2) make publicly available on an Internet website--
                    ``(A) the status of all export petitions;
                    ``(B) to the greatest extent possible, an
                explanation of the sanitary or phytosanitary issues
                associated with each pending export petition; and
                    ``(C) to the greatest extent possible, information
                on the import requirements of foreign countries for
                fruits and vegetables.
    ``(c) Regulations.--The Secretary may issue regulations to
implement this section.''.
    (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents in section 1(b) of
such Act (7 U.S.C. 1501 note) is amended by inserting after the item
relating to section 419 the following new item:

``Sec. 420. Regulation of exports of plants, plant products, biological
                            control organisms, and noxious weeds.''.

SEC. 3. RESTORATION OF IMPORT AND ENTRY AGRICULTURAL INSPECTION
              FUNCTIONS TO THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.

    (a) Repeal of Transfer of Functions.--Section 421 of the Homeland
Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 231) is repealed.
    (b) Conforming Amendment to Function of Secretary of Homeland
Security.--Section 402 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C.
202) is amended--
            (1) by striking paragraph (7); and
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (8) as paragraph (7).
    (c) Transfer Agreement.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than the effective date
        described in subsection (g), the Secretary of Agriculture and
        the Secretary of Homeland Security shall enter into an
        agreement to effectuate the return of functions required by the
        amendments made by this section.
            (2) Use of certain employees.--The agreement may include
        authority for the Secretary of Agriculture to use employees of
        the Department of Homeland Security to carry out authorities
        delegated to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
        regarding the protection of domestic livestock and plants.
    (d) Restoration of Department of Agriculture Employees.--Not later
than the effective date described in subsection (e), all full-time
equivalent positions of the Department of Agriculture transferred to
the Department of Homeland Security under section 421(g) of the
Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 231(g)) (as in effect on the
day before the effective date described in subsection (g)) shall be
restored to the Department of Agriculture.
    (e) Authority of APHIS.--
            (1) Establishment of program.--The Secretary of Agriculture
        shall establish within the Animal and Plant Health Inspection
        Service a program, to be known as the ``International
        Agricultural Inspection Program'', under which the
        Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
        (referred to in this subsection as the ``Administrator'') shall
        carry out import and entry agricultural inspections.
            (2) Information gathering and inspections.--In carrying out
        the program under paragraph (1), the Administrator shall have
        full access to--
                    (A) each secure area of any terminal for screening
                passengers or cargo under the control of the Department
                of Homeland Security on the day before the date of
                enactment of this Act for purposes of carrying out
                inspections and gathering information; and
                    (B) each database (including any database relating
                to cargo manifests or employee and business records)
                under the control of the Department of Homeland
                Security on the day before the date of enactment of
                this Act for purposes of gathering information.
            (3) Inspection alerts.--The Administrator may issue
        inspection alerts, including by indicating cargo to be held for
        immediate inspection.
            (4) Inspection user fees.--The Administrator may, as
        applicable--
                    (A) continue to collect any agricultural quarantine
                inspection user fee; and
                    (B) administer any reserve account for the fees.
            (5) Career track program.--
                    (A) In general.--The Administrator shall establish
                a program, to be known as the ``import and entry
                agriculture inspector career track program'', to
                support the development of long-term career
                professionals with expertise in import and entry
                agriculture inspection.
                    (B) Strategic plan and training.--In carrying out
                the program under this paragraph, the Administrator, in
                coordination with the Secretary of Agriculture, shall--
                            (i) develop a strategic plan to incorporate
                        import and entry agricultural inspectors into
                        the infrastructure protecting food, fiber,
                        forests, bioenergy, and the environment of the
                        United States from animal and plant pests,
                        diseases, and noxious weeds; and
                            (ii) as part of the plan under clause (i),
                        provide training for import and entry
                        agricultural inspectors participating in the
                        program not less frequently than once each year
                        to improve inspection skills.
    (f) Duties of Secretary.--
            (1) In general.--The Secretary of Agriculture (referred to
        in this subsection as the ``Secretary'') shall--
                    (A) develop standard operating procedures for
                inspection, monitoring, and auditing relating to import
                and entry agricultural inspections, in accordance with
                recommendations from the Comptroller General of the
                United States and reports of interagency advisory
                groups, as applicable; and
                    (B) ensure that the Animal and Plant Health
                Inspection Service has a national electronic system
                with real-time tracking capability for monitoring,
                tracking, and reporting inspection activities of the
                Service.
            (2) Federal and state cooperation.--
                    (A) Communication system.--The Secretary shall
                develop and maintain an integrated, real-time
                communication system with respect to import and entry
                agricultural inspections to alert State departments of
                agriculture of significant inspection findings of the
                Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.
                    (B) Advisory committee.--
                            (i) Establishment.--The Secretary shall
                        establish a committee, to be known as the
                        ``International Trade Inspection Advisory
                        Committee'' (referred to in this subparagraph
                        as the ``committee''), to advise the Secretary
                        on policies and other issues relating to import
                        and entry agricultural inspection.
                            (ii) Model.--In establishing the committee,
                        the Secretary shall use as a model the
                        Agricultural Trade Advisory Committee.
                            (iii) Membership.--The committee shall be
                        composed of members representing--
                                    (I) State departments of
                                agriculture;
                                    (II) directors of ports and
                                airports in the United States;
                                    (III) the transportation industry;
                                    (IV) the public; and
                                    (V) such other entities as the
                                Secretary determines to be appropriate.
            (3) Report.--Not less frequently than once each year, the
        Secretary shall submit to Congress a report containing an
        assessment of--
                    (A) the resource needs for import and entry
                agricultural inspection, including the number of
                inspectors required;
                    (B) the adequacy of--
                            (i) inspection and monitoring procedures
                        and facilities in the United States; and
                            (ii) the strategic plan developed under
                        subsection (e)(5)(B)(i); and
                    (C) new and potential technologies and practices,
                including recommendations regarding the technologies
                and practices, to improve import and entry agricultural
                inspection.
            (4) Funding.--The Secretary shall pay the costs of each
        import and entry agricultural inspector employed by the Animal
        and Plant Health Inspection Service--
                    (A) from amounts made available to the Department
                of Agriculture for the applicable fiscal year; or
                    (B) if amounts described in subparagraph (A) are
                unavailable, from amounts of the Commodity Credit
                Corporation.
    (g) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section take
effect on the date that is 180 days after the date of enactment of this
Act.

SEC. 4. REPORTS OF TRADE ADVISORY COMMITTEES.

    Whenever the Agricultural Policy Committee on Trade or the
Agricultural Technical Advisory Committee on Trade in Fruits and
Vegetables, established under section 135 of the Trade Act of 1974,
provides any recommendations to the United States Trade Representative,
that committee shall at the same time provide those recommendations to
the Committee on Agriculture and the Committee on Ways and Means of the
House of Representatives and to the Committee on Agriculture and the
Committee on Finance of the Senate.

SEC. 5. REPORT ON FOREIGN AGRICULTURAL SERVICE STAFFING LEVELS FOR
              MONITORING OTHER COUNTRIES' COMPLIANCE WITH TRADE
              AGREEMENTS.

    Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act,
the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit to Congress a report--
            (1) evaluating the ability of the Foreign Agricultural
        Service to adequately monitor other countries' compliance with
        the terms of the Uruguay Round Agreements and the terms of
        other agreements (including NAFTA and other bilateral
        agreements) to ensure that the United States realizes the full
        benefits of these agreements as they relate to agricultural
        commodities; and
            (2) containing the recommending of the Secretary regarding
        whether current vacancies in the monitoring office of the
        Foreign Agricultural Service should be filled.

SEC. 6. FEASIBILITY REPORT REGARDING EXPORT INDEMNIFICATION FOR
              UNSUBSIDIZED COMMODITIES.

    Not later than January 1, 2008, the Secretary of Agriculture shall
submit to Congress a report evaluating the feasibility and cost of
establishing an indemnity program for exporters of articles classified
under chapters 7 and 8 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United
States that will provide compensation to those exporters when they
comply fully with United States export and foreign country import
requirements for the articles, but the articles are wrongfully denied
entry into the foreign country.

SEC. 7. TREATMENT OF UNSUBSIDIZED COMMODITIES UNDER AGREEMENT ON
              AGRICULTURE.

    The United States Trade Representative shall propose in the Doha
Round of negotiations conducted under the auspices of the World Trade
Organization that all articles classified under chapters 7 and 8 of the
Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States be excluded from
coverage under article 13 of the Agreement on Agriculture referred to
in section 101(d)(2) of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C.
3511(d)(2)).

SEC. 8. SPECIAL EXPORT CREDIT GUARANTEE PROGRAM.

    The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish and maintain a program
of export credits that is, as nearly as may be, identical to the
program administered under sections 1493.400 through 1493.530 of title
7, Code of Federal Regulations, except that--
            (1) either an exporter to, or an importer in, a foreign
        place shall be eligible for a credit guarantee;
            (2) the guarantee shall be for a period of 45 days
        beginning on the date of issuance of the guarantee; and
            (3) the cost of the guarantee shall not exceed 45 cents for
        each $100 of coverage purchased.

SEC. 9. AUTHORIZATION LEVELS FOR EMERGING MARKET CREDIT PROGRAM.

    Section 1542 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act
of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5622 note) is amended--
            (1) in subsections (a) and (d)(1)(A)(i) by striking
        ``2007'' and inserting ``2013''; and
            (2) in subsections (a) and (d) (1)(H) by striking
        $10,000,000'' and inserting ``$20,000,000''.

SEC. 10. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) NAFTA.--The term ``NAFTA'' means the North American
        Free Trade Agreement.
            (2) Uruguay round agreements.--The term ``Uruguay Round
        Agreements'' means the agreements referred to in section 101(d)
        of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (19 U.S.C. 3511(d)).


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``United States-Afghanistan Status of
Forces Agreement (SOFA) Act of 2011''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Al Qaeda, a terrorist organization using Afghanistan as
        a base of operations, attacked the United States on September
        11, 2001, killing nearly 3,000 people in New York,
        Pennsylvania, and Virginia.
            (2) Congress passed and the President signed the
        Authorization for Use of Military Force (Public Law 107-40; 50
        U.S.C. 1541 note) on September 18, 2001.
            (3) The United States initiated Operation Enduring Freedom
        to combat Al Qaeda and prevent the Taliban regime in
        Afghanistan from providing Al Qaeda with safe harbor.
            (4) The Taliban was removed from power and the United
        States concluded security agreements with the newly formed
        Afghan government.
            (5) Al Qaeda no longer has a major or relevant presence in
        Afghanistan.
            (6) The United States and Afghanistan has exchanged notes,
        signed agreements, and issued ``joint declarations'' on various
        topics, but have not entered into a bilateral agreement on the
        status of forces.
            (7) A status of forces agreement with Afghanistan would not
        expressly authorize the United States to carry out military
        operations in Afghanistan but would recognize that such
        operations are ongoing.
            (8) The United States is currently party to more than 100
        agreements on the status of forces.
            (9) A status of forces agreement may be a multilateral or
        bilateral agreement addressing the status of United States
        Armed Forces while present in a foreign country.
            (10) Status of forces agreements may include--but are not
        limited to--how the domestic laws of the foreign jurisdiction
        shall be applied to United States personnel and contractors
        while in that country.
            (11) In a similar agreement, parties have pledged to work
        cooperatively in a number of fields, including on diplomatic,
        security, economic, cultural, and law enforcement matters.
            (12) In a similar agreement, a deadline has been
        established for the withdrawal of United States troops by a
        date certain.
            (13) United States personnel subject to a status of forces
        agreement may include members of the United States Armed
        Forces, Department of Defense civilian employees, and
        contractors working for the Department of Defense.

SEC. 3. STATUS OF FORCES AGREEMENT WITH AFGHANISTAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act, the President shall seek to negotiate and enter
into a bilateral status of forces agreement with the Government of
Afghanistan in accordance with the requirements of this section.
    (b) Mandatory Elements.--The status of forces agreement specified
in subsection (a) shall, to the maximum extent practicable--
            (1) prohibit the permanent basing or military presence of
        United States Armed Forces in Afghanistan;
            (2) provide a date, no later than 1 year after the date on
        which the agreement is entered into with the Government of
        Afghanistan, for the complete, safe, and orderly redeployment
        from Afghanistan of all members of the United States Armed
        Forces, Department of Defense civilian employees, and
        contractors working for the Department of Defense; and
            (3) establish that the temporary presence of United States
        Armed Forces in Afghanistan is at the request and invitation of
        the sovereign Government of Afghanistan.
    (c) Discretionary Elements.--The status of forces agreement
specified in subsection (a) may provide for the authorization of
specific exercises, activities, or missions of the United States Armed
Forces in Afghanistan.
    (d) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the
President should submit the status of forces agreement specified in
subsection (a) to the Senate for its advice and consent to ratification
as a treaty or alternatively the President should request statutory
authorization for the status of forces agreement by Congress.
    (e) Submission to Congress.--
            (1) In general.--The President shall submit to the
        Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of
        Representatives and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the
        Senate a copy of the status of forces agreement specified in
        subsection (a). The status of forces agreement shall be
        submitted in unclassified form but may contain a classified
        annex if necessary.
            (2) Availability.--Any Senator or Member of the House of
        Representatives may review the copy of the status of forces
        agreement submitted under paragraph (1), including any portions
        of the agreement contained in the classified annex.
            (3) Definition.--In paragraph (2), the term ``Member of the
        House of Representatives'' includes a Delegate or Resident
        Commissioner to Congress.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``United States-Israel Strategic
Partnership Act of 2013''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The people and the Governments of the United States and
        Israel share a deep and unbreakable bond, forged by over 60
        years of shared interests and shared values.
            (2) Today, the people and Governments of the United States
        and Israel are facing a dynamic and rapidly changing security
        environment in the Middle East and North Africa, necessitating
        deeper cooperation on a range of defense, security, and
        intelligence matters.
            (3) From Gaza, Hamas continues to deny Israel's right to
        exist and persists in firing rockets indiscriminately at
        population centers in Israel.
            (4) Hezbollah--with support from Iran--continues to
        stockpile rockets and may be seeking to exploit the tragic and
        volatile security situation within Syria.
            (5) The Government of Iran continues to pose a grave threat
        to the region and the world at large with its reckless uranium
        enrichment program and defiance of multiple United Nations
        Security Council resolutions.
            (6) The civil war in Syria is threatening the security of
        Syria's chemical weapons arsenal, which could be deployed
        against its own people or fall into the hands of terrorists.
            (7) Given these challenges, it is imperative that the
        United States continue to deepen cooperation with allies like
        Israel in pursuit of shared policy objectives.

SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.

    It is the policy of the United States--
            (1) to reaffirm the unwavering support of the United States
        for the security of Israel as a Jewish state;
            (2) to reaffirm the principals and objectives enshrined in
        the United States-Israel Enhanced Security Cooperation Act of
        2012 (Public Law 112-150) and ensure its implementation to the
        fullest extent;
            (3) to reaffirm the importance of the 2007 United States-
        Israel Memorandum of Understanding on United States assistance
        to Israel and the semi-annual Strategic Dialogue between the
        United States and Israel;
            (4) to pursue every opportunity to deepen cooperation with
        Israel on a range of critical issues including defense,
        homeland, energy, and cyber security;
            (5) to continue to provide Israel with robust security
        assistance, including for the development, procurement, and
        maintenance of the Iron Dome Missile Defense System; and
            (6) to support the Government of Israel in its ongoing
        efforts to reach a negotiated political settlement with the
        Palestinian people that results in two states living side-by-
        side in peace and security.

SEC. 4. SENSE OF CONGRESS ON ISRAEL AS A MAJOR STRATEGIC PARTNER.

    It is the sense of Congress that Israel is a Major Strategic
Partner.

SEC. 5. EXTENSION OF WAR RESERVES STOCKPILE AUTHORITY.

    (a) Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2005.--Section
12001(d) of the Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2005 (Public
Law 108-287; 118 Stat. 1011) is amended by striking ``more than 10
years after'' and inserting ``more than 11 years after''.
    (b) Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.--Section 514(b)(2)(A) of the
Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2321h(b)(2)(A)) is amended by
striking ``and 2014'' and inserting ``, 2014, and 2015''.

SEC. 6. ELIGIBILITY OF ISRAEL FOR THE STRATEGIC TRADE AUTHORIZATION
              EXCEPTION TO CERTAIN EXPORT CONTROL LICENSING
              REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Finding.--Congress finds that Israel--
            (1) has declared its unilateral adherence to the Missile
        Technology Control Regime and the Wassenaar Arrangement on
        Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and
        Technologies;
            (2) is a party to--
                    (A) the Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions
                on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons which may be
                Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have
                Indiscriminate Effects, signed at Geneva October 10,
                1980;
                    (B) the Protocol for the Prohibition of the Use in
                War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or Other Gases, and of
                Bacteriological Methods of Warfare, signed at Geneva
                June 17, 1925; and
                    (C) the Convention on the Physical Protection of
                Nuclear Material, adopted at Vienna on October 26,
                1979; and
            (3) is a country with a low risk of diversion of items
        subject to export controls.
    (b) Eligibility for Strategic Trade Authorization Exception.--The
Secretary of Commerce shall take steps to include Israel in the list of
countries eligible for the strategic trade authorization exception
under section 740.20(c)(1) of title 15, Code of Federal Regulations, to
the requirement for a license for the export, reexport, or in-country
transfer of an item subject to controls under the Export Administration
Regulations, consistent with the obligations of the United States
pursuant to international agreements.

SEC. 7. ENERGY, WATER, HOMELAND SECURITY, AGRICULTURE, AND ALTERNATIVE
              FUEL TECHNOLOGIES.

    (a) In General.--The President is authorized to carry out United
States-Israel cooperative activities and to provide assistance
promoting cooperation in the fields of energy, water, homeland
security, agriculture, and alternative fuel technologies.
    (b) Requirements.--In carrying out subsection (a), the President is
authorized to share and exchange with Israel research, technology,
intelligence, information, equipment, and personnel that the President
determines will advance the national security interests of the United
States and is consistent with the Strategic Dialogue and pertinent
provisions of law--
            (1) by enhancing scientific cooperation between Israel and
        the United States; or
            (2) by the sale, lease, exchange in kind, or other
        techniques the President determines to be suitable.

SEC. 8. REPORT ON ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED STATES-ISRAEL CENTER OF
              EXCELLENCE ON CYBER SECURITY.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this
Act, the President shall submit to Congress a report on the feasibility
and advisability of establishing a joint United States-Israel Cyber
Security Center for the purposes of sharing and advancing technologies
related to the prevention of cybercrimes.

SEC. 9. DESIGNATION OF ISRAEL AS VISA WAIVER PROGRAM COUNTRY.

    Section 217(c)(2) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C.
1187(c)(2)) is amended--
            (1) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting
        ``subparagraph (G) and'' after ``Except as provided in''; and
            (2) by adding at the end the following:
                    ``(G) Israel.--The State of Israel shall be
                designated as a program country on the date on which
                the Secretary of Homeland Security, after consultation
                with the Secretary of State, certifies that the
                Government of Israel--
                            ``(i) has complied with all of the
                        requirements set forth in subparagraphs (B)
                        through (F); and
                            ``(ii) has made every reasonable effort,
                        without jeopardizing the security of the State
                        of Israel, to ensure that reciprocal travel
                        privileges are extended to all United States
                        citizens.''.

SEC. 10. REPORT ON IMPLEMENTATION OF SECTION 4 OF THE UNITED STATES-
              ISRAEL ENHANCED SECURITY COOPERATION ACT OF 2012.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this
Act, the President shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations
of the Senate, the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of
Representatives, and the Committees on Armed Services of the Senate and
the House of Representatives a comprehensive report on current and
future efforts undertaken by the President to fulfill the objectives of
section 4 of the United States-Israel Enhanced Security Cooperation Act
(22 U.S.C. 8603).


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``United States-Macau Policy Act of
1999''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS AND DECLARATIONS.

    The Congress makes the following findings and declarations:
            (1) The Congress recognizes that under the April 13, 1987,
        Joint Declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of
        China and the Government of the Republic of Portugal on the
        Question of Macau--
                    (A) the People's Republic of China and the Republic
                of Portugal have agreed that the People's Republic of
                China will resume the exercise of sovereignty over
                Macau on December 20, 1999, and until that time,
                Portugal will be responsible for the administration of
                Macau;
                    (B) the Macau Special Administrative Region of the
                People's Republic of China, beginning on December 20,
                1999, will continue to enjoy a high degree of autonomy
                on all matters other than defense and foreign affairs;
                    (C) there is provision for implementation of a
                ``one country, two systems'' policy, under which Macau
                will retain its current lifestyle and legal, social,
                and economic systems until at least the year 2049;
                    (D) the legislature of the Macau Special
                Administrative Region has been constituted by
                elections; and
                    (E) provision is made for the continuation in force
                of agreements implemented as of December 20, 1999, and
                for the ability of the Macau Special Administrative
                Region to conclude new agreements.
            (2) The Congress declares its wish to see full
        implementation of the provisions of the Joint Declaration.
            (3) The Congress supports the policies and decisions
        reflected in the Joint Declaration.
            (4) It is the sense of the Congress that--
                    (A) Macau's continued economic prosperity furthers
                United States interests in the People's Republic of
                China and Asia;
                    (B) support for democratization is a fundamental
                principle of United States foreign policy, and as such,
                that principle naturally applies to United States
                policy toward Macau, now and after December 19, 1999;
                and
                    (C)(i) the human rights of the people of Macau are
                of great importance to the United States and are
                directly relevant to United States interests in Macau;
                    (ii) a fully successful transition in the exercise
                of sovereignty over Macau must safeguard human rights
                in and of themselves; and
                    (iii) human rights also serve as a basis for
                Macau's continued economic prosperity.

SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS.

    For purposes of this Act--
            (1) the term ``Macau'' means, prior to December 20, 1999,
        the Portuguese Dependent Territory of Macau, and on and after
        December 20, 1999, the Macau Special Administrative Region of
        the People's Republic of China;
            (2) the term ``Joint Declaration'' means the Joint
        Declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of China
        and the Government of the Republic of Portugal on the Question
        of Macau, of April 13, 1987; and
            (3) the term ``laws of the United States'' means provisions
        of law enacted by the Congress.

                            TITLE I--POLICY

SEC. 101. SENSE OF CONGRESS.

    It is the sense of the Congress that--
            (1) the United States should play an active role before,
        on, and after December 20, 1999, in maintaining Macau's
        confidence and prosperity, Macau's unique cultural heritage,
        and the mutually beneficial ties between the people of the
        United States and the people of Macau; and
            (2) through its policies, the United States should
        contribute to Macau's ability to maintain a high degree of
        autonomy in matters other than defense and foreign affairs as
        promised by the People's Republic of China and the Republic of
        Portugal in the Joint Declaration, particularly with respect to
        such matters as trade, commerce, law enforcement, finance,
        monetary policy, aviation, shipping, communications, tourism,
        cultural affairs, sports, and participation in international
        organizations, consistent with the national security and other
        interests of the United States.

           TITLE II--THE STATUS OF MACAU IN UNITED STATES LAW

SEC. 201. CONTINUED APPLICATION OF UNITED STATES LAW.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any change in the exercise of
sovereignty over Macau, and subject to subsections (b) and (c), the
laws of the United States shall continue to apply with respect to
Macau, on and after December 20, 1999, in the same manner as the laws
of the United States were applied with respect to Macau before such
date unless otherwise expressly provided by law or by Executive order
under section 202.
    (b) International Agreements.--For all purposes, including actions
in any court of the United States, the Congress approves of the
continuation in force on and after December 20, 1999, of all treaties
and other international agreements, including multilateral conventions,
entered into before such date between the United States and Macau, or
entered into force before such date between the United States and the
Republic of Portugal and applied to Macau, unless or until terminated
in accordance with law. If, in carrying out this title, the President
determines that Macau is not legally competent to carry out its
obligations under any such treaty or other international agreement, or
that the continuation of Macau's obligations or rights under any such
treaty or other international agreement is not appropriate under the
circumstances, the President shall promptly notify the Committee on
International Relations of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate concerning such
determination, and shall take appropriate action to modify or terminate
such treaty or other international agreement.
    (c) Export Controls.--Notwithstanding subsection (a) or any other
provision of law, the President shall establish with respect to Macau,
within 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, such export
control policies and regulations as he determines to be advisable in
the national security interests of the United States.

SEC. 202. PRESIDENTIAL ORDER.

    (a) Presidential Determination.--On or after December 20, 1999,
whenever the President determines that Macau is not sufficiently
autonomous to justify treatment under a particular law of the United
States, or any provision thereof, different from that accorded the
People's Republic of China, the President may issue an Executive order
suspending the application of section 201(a) to such law or provision
of law. The President shall promptly notify the Committee on
International Relations of the House of Representatives and the
Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate concerning any such
determination.
    (b) Factor for Consideration.--In making a determination under
subsection (a) with respect to the application of a law of the United
States, or any provision thereof, to Macau, the President should
consider the terms, obligations, and expectations expressed in the
Joint Declaration with respect to Macau.
    (c) Publication in Federal Register.--Any Executive order issued
under subsection (a) shall be published in the Federal Register and
shall specify the law or provision of law affected by the order.
    (d) Termination of Suspension.--An Executive order issued under
subsection (a) may be terminated by the President with respect to a
particular law or provision of law whenever the President determines
that Macau has regained sufficient autonomy to justify treatment under
the law or provision of law in question. Notice of any such termination
shall be published in the Federal Register.

SEC. 203. RULES AND REGULATIONS.

    The President is authorized to prescribe such rules and regulations
as the President considers appropriate to carry out this Act.

SEC. 204. CONSULTATION WITH CONGRESS.

    In carrying out this title, the President shall consult
appropriately with the Congress.

                    TITLE III--REPORTING PROVISIONS

SEC. 301. REPORTING REQUIREMENT.

    Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act,
and not later than March 31 of each of the years 2000, 2001, and 2002,
the Secretary of State shall transmit to the Committee on International
Relations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Foreign
Relations of the Senate a report on conditions in Macau of interest to
the United States. This report shall cover (in the case of the initial
report) the period since the date of the enactment of this Act or (in
the case of subsequent reports) the period since the most recent report
pursuant to this section, and shall describe--
            (1) significant developments in United States relations
        with Macau;
            (2) significant developments related to the change in the
        exercise of sovereignty over Macau affecting United States
        interests in Macau or United States relations with Macau and
        the People's Republic of China;
            (3) steps taken by the United States to implement section
        201(c) (relating to export controls with respect to Macau),
        including any significant problems or other developments
        arising with respect to the application of United States export
        controls to Macau;
            (4) the laws of the United States with respect to which the
        application of section 201(a) (relating to the application of
        United States laws to Macau) has been suspended pursuant to
        section 202(a) or with respect to which such a suspension has
        been terminated pursuant to section 202(d), and the reasons for
        the suspension or termination, as the case may be;
            (5) the treaties and other international agreements with
        respect to which the President has made a determination
        described in the last sentence of section 201(b) (relating to
        the application of treaties and other international agreements
        to Macau), the reasons for each such determination, and the
        steps taken as a result of such determination;
            (6) the development of democratic institutions in Macau;
            (7) compliance by the Government of the People's Republic
        of China and the Government of the Republic of Portugal with
        their obligations under the Joint Declaration; and
            (8) the nature and extent of Macau's participation in
        multilateral forums.

SEC. 302. SEPARATE PART OF COUNTRY REPORTS.

    Whenever a report is transmitted to the Congress on a country-by-
country basis, there shall be included in such report, where
applicable, a separate subreport on Macau under the heading of the
state that exercises sovereignty over Macau.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``United States-Pakistan Security and
Stability Act''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress finds the following:
            (1) Congress supports the following elements outlined in
        the President's White Paper of the Interagency Policy Group's
        Report on United States Policy Toward Afghanistan and Pakistan:
                    (A) The core goal of the United States must be to
                disrupt, dismantle, and defeat al Qaeda and its
                affiliated networks and their safe havens in Pakistan.
                    (B) The threat that al Qaeda poses to the United
                States and its allies in Pakistan--including the
                possibility of extremists obtaining fissile material--
                is all too real.
                    (C) The United States must overcome its trust
                deficit with Pakistan and demonstrate that it is a
                reliable, long-term partner.
            (2) The Government of Pakistan is facing significant
        security and socio-economic challenges that set the conditions
        for greater radicalization and may threaten Pakistan's
        viability. Such challenges include the following:
                    (A) Al Qaeda's and other extremist groups' campaign
                of violent attacks throughout Pakistan, including the
                Red Mosque incident, the assassination of Benazir
                Bhutto, and the bombing of the Marriott Hotel in
                Islamabad.
                    (B) Pakistan's population growth at a rate of
                approximately 2 percent a year, with nearly half of its
                172 million residents illiterate, under the age of 20,
                and living near or below the poverty line.
            (3) Security and stability to Pakistan is further
        complicated given the prevalence of ungoverned spaces between
        Pakistan and Afghanistan in which state control has not been
        fully exercised given ethnic and tribal affiliations.
            (4) The security and stability of Pakistan is vital to the
        national security of the United States, and the consequences of
        failure poses a grave threat to the security of the American
        people, the region, and United States allies.
            (5) The objectives of United States policy toward Pakistan
        are to empower and enable Pakistan to--
                    (A) develop into a prosperous and democratic state
                that is at peace with itself and with its neighbors;
                    (B) actively confront, and deny safe haven to, al
                Qaeda, the Taliban, and other extremists;
                    (C) implement the economic, legal, and social
                reforms required to create an environment that
                discourages violent Islamic extremism; and
                    (D) maintain robust command and control over its
                nuclear weapons technology.

SEC. 3. COMPREHENSIVE INTERAGENCY STRATEGY AND IMPLEMENTATION PLAN FOR
              PAKISTAN.

    (a) In General.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the
enactment of the Supplemental Appropriations Act of 2009, the President
shall develop and transmit to the appropriate congressional committees
a comprehensive interagency strategy and implementation plan for long-
term security and stability in Pakistan which shall be composed of the
elements specified in subsection (b).
    (b) Elements.--The comprehensive interagency strategy and
implementation plan required by subsection (a) shall contain at least
the following elements:
            (1) A description of how United States assistance described
        in section 4 will be used to achieve the objectives of United
        States policy toward Pakistan.
            (2) Progress toward the following:
                    (A) Assisting efforts to enhance civilian control
                and a stable constitutional government in Pakistan and
                promote bilateral and regional trade and economic
                growth.
                    (B) Developing and operationally enabling Pakistani
                security forces so they are capable of succeeding in
                sustained counter-insurgency and counter-terror
                operations.
                    (C) Shutting down Pakistani safe havens for
                extremists.
                    (D) Improving Pakistan's capacity and capability to
                ``hold'' and ``build'' areas cleared of insurgents to
                prevent their return.
                    (E) Developing and strengthening mechanisms for
                Pakistan-Afghanistan cooperation.
            (3) A financial plan and description of the resources,
        programming, and management of United States foreign assistance
        to Pakistan, including the criteria used to determine their
        prioritization.
            (4) A complete description of both the evaluation process
        for reviewing and adjusting the strategy and implementation as
        necessary, and measures of effectiveness for the implementation
        of the strategy.
    (c) Intelligence Support.--The Director of National Intelligence
shall provide intelligence support to the development of the
comprehensive interagency strategy and implementation plan required by
subsection (a).
    (d) Updates of Strategy.--The President shall transmit in writing
to the appropriate congressional committees any updates of the
comprehensive interagency strategy and implementation plan required by
subsection (a), as necessary.

SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATION OF ASSISTANCE FOR PAKISTAN.

    (a) Foreign Assistance Act of 1961.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the President, for the purposes of providing assistance
to Pakistan under the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2151 et
seq.), $1,500,000,000 or such sums as may be necessary for each of the
fiscal years 2010 through 2013.
    (b) Pakistan Counterinsurgency Capability Fund.--There is
authorized to be appropriated to the President, for the purposes of
building a more effective counterinsurgency capability in Pakistan's
security forces, up to $700,000,000 for the Pakistan Counterinsurgency
Capability Fund, for fiscal year 2010.
    (c) Use of Funds.--Amounts authorized to be appropriated under this
section or otherwise made available to carry out this Act shall be used
to the maximum extent practicable as direct expenditures for programs,
projects, and activities, subject to existing reporting and
notification requirements.

SEC. 5. CONGRESSIONAL BRIEFING AND NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.

    (a) Briefing.--Not later than 30 days after the date of the
transmission of the comprehensive interagency strategy and
implementation plan required by section 3, and quarterly thereafter
through December 1, 2013, the President, acting through the Secretary
of State and the Secretary of Defense, shall brief the appropriate
congressional committees on the status of the comprehensive interagency
strategy and implementation plan.
    (b) Notification.--The President shall notify the appropriate
congressional committees not later than 30 days prior to obligating any
assistance described in section 4 as budgetary support to the
Government of Pakistan or to any persons, agencies, instrumentalities,
or elements of the Government of Pakistan and shall describe the
purpose and conditions attached to any such budgetary support
assistance. The President shall notify the appropriate congressional
committees not later than 30 days prior to obligating any other type of
assistance described in section 4.

SEC. 6. DEFINITION.

    In this Act, the term ``appropriate congressional committees''
means--
            (1) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed
        Services, the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and the Permanent
        Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of
        Representatives; and
            (2) the Committee on Appropriations, the Committee on Armed
        Services, the Committee on Foreign Relations, and the Select
        Committee on Intelligence of the Senate.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Urban Entrepreneurial Opportunities
Act''.

SEC. 2. TAX INCENTIVES FOR URBAN ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITY FINANCING
              SUBSIDIARIES.

    (a) General Rule.--Part VIII of subchapter B of chapter 1 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (relating to special deductions for
corporations) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new
subpart:

   ``Subpart B--Tax Incentives for Urban Entrepreneurial Opportunity
                         Financing Subsidiaries

                              ``Sec. 251. Deduction for equity
                                        contributions to urban
                                        entrepreneurial opportunity
                                        financing subsidiaries.
                              ``Sec. 252. Overall limitation on
                                        deductions.
                              ``Sec. 253. Definitions and special
                                        rules.

``SEC. 251. DEDUCTION FOR EQUITY CONTRIBUTIONS TO URBAN ENTREPRENEURIAL
              OPPORTUNITY FINANCING SUBSIDIARIES.

    ``(a) General Rule.--In the case of a qualified contributing
corporation, there shall be allowed as a deduction an amount equal to
the equity contributions made by such corporation to an urban
entrepreneurial opportunity financing subsidiary of such corporation.
Such deduction shall be allowed for the taxable year of the
contributing corporation in which the equity contribution is used by
the subsidiary in making qualified enterprise zone business loans.
    ``(b) Limitation.--The amount allowed as a deduction under
subsection (a) to any qualified contributing corporation for any
taxable year shall not exceed the lesser of--
            ``(1) $10,000,000, or
            ``(2) the portion of the program limitation allocated to
        such corporation under section 252 to the extent the amount so
        allocated was not used in a prior taxable year.
    ``(c) Equity Contribution.--For purposes of this section, the term
`equity contribution' means--
            ``(1) any amount paid in cash for stock in an urban
        entrepreneurial opportunity financing subsidiary of the
        corporation if such stock is acquired at its original issuance,
        and
            ``(2) any contribution in cash to the capital of an urban
        entrepreneurial opportunity financing subsidiary of the
        corporation.
    ``(d) Recapture Provisions.--
            ``(1) Basis adjustment.--The adjusted basis of any stock
        held by a corporation in an urban entrepreneurial opportunity
        financing subsidiary of such corporation shall be reduced by
        the amount allowed as a deduction under subsection (a) in
        connection with the acquisition of such stock. No increase in
        the basis of any such stock shall be made on account of any
        contribution to the capital of such subsidiary for which a
        deduction is allowed under subsection (a).
            ``(2) Ordinary income recapture.--Any gain recognized on
        the sale or other disposition by a corporation of stock in an
        urban entrepreneurial opportunity financing subsidiary of such
        corporation shall be treated as ordinary income.
            ``(3) Certain events treated as dispositions.--If any urban
        entrepreneurial opportunity financing subsidiary of a
        corporation ceases to qualify as an urban entrepreneurial
        opportunity financing subsidiary with respect to such
        corporation, such corporation shall recognize gain as if it
        sold its stock in such subsidiary for an amount equal to its
        fair market value immediately before such cessation.

``SEC. 252. OVERALL LIMITATION ON DEDUCTIONS.

    ``(a) General Rule.--The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
shall allocate the program limitation among the qualified contributing
corporations submitting applications to such Secretary for allocations
under this section.
    ``(b) Program Limitation.--The program limitation is $250,000,000.
    ``(c) Method of Making Allocations.--The Secretary of Housing and
Urban Development shall prescribe regulations setting forth the
procedures for making allocations under this section. Such procedures
shall--
            ``(1) include the criteria used in selecting the
        corporations to which the allocations are made, and
            ``(2) be designed to ensure a reasonable availability, on a
        geographical basis, of the benefits of this subpart.

``SEC. 253. DEFINITIONS AND SPECIAL RULES.

    ``(a) Qualified Contributing Corporation.--For purposes of this
subpart, the term `qualified contributing corporation' means any
domestic corporation which is not a small business concern; except that
such term shall not include any corporation predominantly engaged in a
banking, insurance, finance, or similar business.
    ``(b) Urban Entrepreneurial Opportunity Financing Subsidiary.--For
purposes of this subpart, the term `urban entrepreneurial opportunity
financing subsidiary' means any domestic corporation--
            ``(1) all the stock of which (exclusive of directors'
        qualifying shares) is held directly by one qualified
        contributing corporation, and
            ``(2) all the activities of which consist of--
                    ``(A) making qualified enterprise zone business
                loans,
                    ``(B) providing management, administrative,
                consulting, and other support services to qualified
                small business concerns to which such corporation has
                made qualified enterprise zone business loans, and
                    ``(C) making temporary investments (for a period
                not exceeding 6 months) of amounts being held for
                purposes of making qualified enterprise zone business
                loans.
    ``(c) Qualified Enterprise Zone Business Loans.--For purposes of
this subpart, the term `qualified enterprise zone business loan' means
any loan made by an urban entrepreneurial opportunity financing
subsidiary if--
            ``(1) such loan is made to a qualified small business
        concern and such concern is not related (within the meaning of
        section 267(b) or 707(b)) to such subsidiary or the qualified
        contributing corporation holding such subsidiary,
            ``(2) the proceeds of such loan are used by such qualified
        small business concern in the active conduct of a trade or
        business in an urban enterprise zone,
            ``(3) the urban entrepreneurial opportunity financing
        subsidiary provides (without charge) substantial qualified
        services to the qualified small business concern in connection
        with such loan, except that such small business concern may
        waive the requirements of this paragraph, and
            ``(4) the interest on such loan does not exceed--
                    ``(A) in the case of a secured loan, the prime rate
                plus 3 percentage points, or
                    ``(B) in the case of any other loan, the prime rate
                plus 8 percentage points.
    ``(d) Qualified Small Business Concern.--For purposes of this
subpart, the term `qualified small business concern' means any person
if--
            ``(1) such person is a small business concern within the
        meaning of section 3 of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 632),
        and
            ``(2) substantially all of the activities of such person
        are within an urban enterprise zone.
    ``(e) Other Definitions and Special Rules.--
            ``(1) Urban enterprise zone.--For purposes of this subpart,
        the term `urban enterprise zone' means--
                    ``(A) any urban area designated as an enterprise
                zone under any State law program, and
                    ``(B) any urban area designated as an enterprise
                zone under Federal law.
            ``(2) Substantial qualified services.--For purposes of this
        subpart, the term `substantial qualified services' means, with
        respect to any loan made by an urban entrepreneurial
        opportunity financing subsidiary, any management,
        administrative, consulting, or other support services provided
        to the borrower under such loan, but only if the amount of such
        services, to be provided during the first year such loan is
        outstanding involve at least 1,000 man-hours for each $100,000
        principal amount of such loan.
            ``(3) Prime rate.--For purposes of this subpart--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `prime rate' means the
                average predominant prime rate quoted by commercial
                banks to large businesses, as determined by the Board
                of Governors of the Federal Reserve System.
                    ``(B) When determination made.--
                            ``(i) Except as provided in clause (ii),
                        the determination of the prime rate shall be
                        made as of the time the loan is made.
                            ``(ii) If the loan is a variable rate loan,
                        the prime rate taken into account with respect
                        to any change in rate shall be determined as of
                        the time such change takes effect.
            ``(4) Treatment of controlled groups.--Any group of
        corporations treated as a single employer under section 52 (a)
        or (b) shall be treated as one corporation for purposes of this
        subpart.
    ``(f) Employees of Borrower May Be Taken Into Account for Certain
Purposes.--If--
            ``(1) a qualified contributing corporation has provided
        financing through an urban entrepreneurial opportunity
        financing subsidiary to any qualified small business concern,
        and
            ``(2) such qualified small business concern designates such
        subsidiary as its primary lender,
such qualified contributing corporation may treat the employees of such
qualified small business concern as its own employees for purposes of
determining which such qualified contributing corporation is in
compliance with the requirements of any Federal law. A qualified small
business concern may designate only 1 urban entrepreneurial opportunity
financing subsidiary is its primary lender for any period.''
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--Part VIII of subchapter B of chapter 1 of
such Code is amended by inserting after the part heading the following:

                              ``Subpart A--General provisions.
                              ``Subpart B--Tax incentives for urban
                                        entrepreneurial opportunity
                                        financing subsidiaries.

                   ``Subpart A--General Provisions''.

    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall take
effect on the date of the enactment of this Act.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Urban Recovery and Growth Act''.

SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF RECOVERY ZONE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BONDS FOR
              CERTAIN CITIES.

    (a) In General.--Part III of subchapter Y of chapter 1 of the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986 is amended by adding at the end the
following new section:

``SEC. 1400U-4. EXTENSION OF RECOVERY ZONE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BONDS
              FOR CERTAIN CITIES.

    ``(a) In General.--In the case of an economic development extension
bond--
            ``(1) such bond shall be treated for purposes of section
        6431 as a qualified bond issued before January 1, 2011,
            ``(2) subsection (b) of such section shall be applied by
        substituting `45 percent' for `35 percent', and
            ``(3) interest on such bond shall be includible in gross
        income.
    ``(b) Economic Development Extension Bond.--For purposes of this
section--
            ``(1) In general.--The term `economic development extension
        bond' means any specified bond issued during the 1-year period
        beginning on the date of the enactment of this section as part
        of an issue if--
                    ``(A) 100 percent of the excess of--
                            ``(i) the available project proceeds (as
                        defined in section 54A) of such issue, over
                            ``(ii) the amounts in a reasonably required
                        reserve (within the meaning of section
                        150(a)(3)) with respect to such issue,
                are to be used for one or more qualified purposes, and
                    ``(B) the issuer designates such bond for purposes
                of this section.
            ``(2) Specified bond.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The term `specified bond' means
                any obligation (other than a private activity bond) if
                the interest on such obligation would (but for this
                section) be excludable from gross income under section
                103.
                    ``(B) Applicable rules.--For purposes of applying
                subparagraph (A)--
                            ``(i) rules similar to the rules of section
                        54AA(d)(2) shall apply, and
                            ``(ii) section 148 shall not apply with
                        respect to any issue with respect to which the
                        excess described in paragraph (1)(A) is used
                        for a qualified purpose described in paragraph
                        (3)(B).
            ``(3) Qualified purposes.--The term `qualified purposes'
        means--
                    ``(A) any qualified economic development purpose
                (as defined in section 1400U-2(c), applied by treating
                specified cities (and only specified cities) as
                recovery zones), and
                    ``(B) any refinancing of indebtedness of a
                specified city which is outstanding on the date of the
                enactment of this section.
            ``(4) Specified city.--The term `specified city' means any
        principal city for a metropolitan statistical area (as
        determined by the Office of Management and Budget) which--
                    ``(A) has an average unemployment rate of not less
                than 150 percent of the national average rate for the
                last calendar year ending before the date of the
                enactment of this section, and
                    ``(B) has lost at least 20 percent of its
                population between calendar year 2000 and calendar year
                2010.
            ``(5) Limitation on amount of bonds designated.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The maximum aggregate face
                amount of bonds which may be designated under paragraph
                (1) with respect to any specified city shall not exceed
                the bond limitation allocated to such city under
                subparagraph (B).
                    ``(B) Allocation.--The Secretary shall allocate
                bond limitation to each specified city such that the
                bond limitation allocated to such city bears the same
                proportion to $1,000,000,000 as the population of such
                city (as determined for purposes of the 2010 census)
                bears to the total population of all specified cities
                (as so determined).''.
    (b) Clerical Amendment.--The table of sections for part III of
subchapter Y of chapter 1 of such Code is amended by adding at the end
the following new item:

``Sec. 1400U-4. Extension of recovery zone economic development bonds
                            for certain cities.''.
    (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall
apply to obligations issued after the date of the enactment of this
Act.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Verifying Official Totals for
Elections Act''.

SEC. 2. DEPOSIT OF ELECTION-DEDICATED VOTING SYSTEM TECHNOLOGY IN
              NATIONAL SOFTWARE REFERENCE LIBRARY.

    (a) Deposit Required; Conditions for Disclosure.--Section 301(a) of
the Help America Vote Act of 2002 (42 U.S.C. 15481(a)) is amended by
adding at the end the following new paragraph:
            ``(7) Prohibiting use of election-dedicated voting system
        technologies not deposited with national software reference
        library; disclosure requirements.--
                    ``(A) Prohibition.--
                            ``(i) In general.--A voting system used in
                        an election for Federal office in a State may
                        not at any time during the election contain or
                        use any election-dedicated voting system
                        technology which is not deposited by the State
                        (or, at the option of the State, by the vendor
                        of the technology) with the National Software
                        Reference Library of the National Institute of
                        Standards and Technology prior to the date of
                        the election, to be held in escrow and subject
                        to disclosure in accordance with subparagraph
                        (B).
                            ``(ii) Extension of deadline for deposit.--
                        If the chief State election official certifies
                        to the Director of the National Institute of
                        Standards and Technology prior to the date of
                        the election that, because of a revision to the
                        election-dedicated voting system technology
                        which is made less than 30 days prior to the
                        date of the election, the State or vendor is
                        unable to deposit the technology in accordance
                        with clause (i) prior to the date of the
                        election, the voting system used in the
                        election may contain or use the technology if--
                                    ``(I) the chief State election
                                official approves the use of the
                                technology for the election; and
                                    ``(II) the State or vendor deposits
                                the technology in accordance with
                                clause (i) not later than 1 week after
                                the date of the election.
                            ``(iii) Enforcement of vendor
                        responsibilities.--If a State opts to require
                        the vendor of election-dedicated voting system
                        technology to deposit the technology in
                        accordance with this subparagraph and the
                        vendor fails to do so, the Attorney General may
                        bring a civil action against the vendor in an
                        appropriate district court for such relief as
                        may be appropriate, including injunctive relief
                        or an order for a civil penalty in an amount
                        not to exceed $500,000.
                    ``(B) Requirement for disclosure and limitation on
                restricting disclosure.--With respect to any election-
                dedicated voting system technology which is deposited
                under subparagraph (A), the Director of the National
                Institute of Standards and Technology shall--
                            ``(i) hold the technology in escrow; and
                            ``(ii) disclose technology and information
                        regarding the technology to another person if--
                                    ``(I) the person is a qualified
                                person described in subparagraph (C)
                                who has entered into a nondisclosure
                                agreement with respect to the
                                technology which meets the requirements
                                of subparagraph (D); or
                                    ``(II) the Director is permitted or
                                required to disclose the technology to
                                the person under the law of the
                                applicable State, in accordance with
                                the terms and conditions applicable
                                under such law.
                    ``(C) Qualified persons described.--With respect to
                the disclosure of election-dedicated voting system
                technology under subparagraph (B)(ii)(I), a `qualified
                person' is any of the following:
                            ``(i) A governmental entity with
                        responsibility for the administration of voting
                        and election-related matters in elections for
                        Federal office, for purposes of reviewing,
                        analyzing, or reporting on the technology.
                            ``(ii) If permitted under a court order, a
                        party to post-election litigation challenging
                        the result of an election or the administration
                        or use of the technology used in an election,
                        but only to the extent permitted under the
                        terms and conditions of such court order.
                            ``(iii) A person who reviews, analyzes, or
                        reports on the technology solely for an
                        investigation or inquiry concerning the
                        accuracy or integrity of the technology
                        pursuant to clause (i) or (ii).
                    ``(D) Requirements for nondisclosure agreements.--A
                nondisclosure agreement entered into with respect to an
                election-dedicated voting system technology meets the
                requirements of this subparagraph if the agreement--
                            ``(i) is limited in scope to coverage of
                        the technology disclosed under subparagraph (B)
                        and any trade secrets and intellectual property
                        rights related thereto;
                            ``(ii) does not prohibit a signatory from
                        entering into other nondisclosure agreements to
                        review other technologies under this paragraph;
                            ``(iii) exempts from coverage both
                        information the signatory lawfully obtained
                        from another source and information in the
                        public domain;
                            ``(iv) remains in effect for not longer
                        than the life of any trade secret or other
                        intellectual property right related thereto;
                            ``(v) prohibits the request or use of
                        injunctions that bar a signatory from carrying
                        out any activity authorized under subparagraph
                        (C), including injunctions limited to the
                        period prior to a judicial proceeding involving
                        the technology;
                            ``(vi) is silent as to damages awarded for
                        breach of the agreement, other than a reference
                        to damages available under applicable law;
                            ``(vii) allows disclosure of evidence
                        relating to possible criminal conduct or other
                        violations of law, including in response to a
                        subpoena or warrant;
                            ``(viii) allows disclosures and testimony
                        to legislative branch authorities, judicial
                        proceedings, and executive branch
                        investigations in response to a subpoena or
                        warrant or as otherwise provided by law; and
                            ``(ix) provides that the agreement shall be
                        governed by the trade secret laws of the
                        applicable State.
                    ``(E) Election-dedicated voting system technology
                defined.--For purposes of this paragraph:
                            ``(i) In general.--The term `election-
                        dedicated voting system technology' means the
                        following:
                                    ``(I) The source code used for the
                                trusted build and the file signatures
                                for the trusted build.
                                    ``(II) A complete disk image of the
                                pre-build, build environment, and any
                                file signatures to validate that it is
                                unmodified.
                                    ``(III) A complete disk image of
                                the post-build, build environment, and
                                any file signatures to validate that it
                                is unmodified.
                                    ``(IV) All executable code produced
                                by the trusted build and any file
                                signatures to validate that it is
                                unmodified.
                                    ``(V) Installation devices and
                                software file signatures.
                            ``(ii) Exclusion.--Such term does not
                        include `commercial-off-the-shelf' software and
                        hardware defined under the voluntary voting
                        system guidelines adopted by the Commission
                        under section 222 which are in effect as of the
                        date of the election involved.
                    ``(F) Trusted build defined.--For purposes of this
                paragraph, the term `trusted build' means a witnessed
                software build in which source code is converted to
                machine-readable binary instructions (executable code)
                in a manner providing security measures that help
                ensure that the executable code is a verifiable and
                faithful representation of the source code.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--The amendment made by this section shall apply
with respect to elections occurring during 2013 or any succeeding year.

SEC. 3. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS FOR NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF
              STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY.

    There are authorized to be appropriated to the National Institute
of Standards and Technology for each fiscal year such sums as may be
necessary to enable the Institute, including the National Software
Reference Library of the Institute, to carry out paragraph (7) of
section 301(a) of the Help America Vote Act of 2002, as added by
section 2(a).


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Veterans Acquiring Community Care
Expect Safe Services Act of 2017'' or the ``Veterans ACCESS Act''.

SEC. 2. PREVENTION OF CERTAIN HEALTH CARE PROVIDERS FROM PROVIDING NON-
              DEPARTMENT HEALTH CARE SERVICES TO VETERANS.

    (a) In General.--On and after the date that is one year after the
date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs
shall deny or revoke the eligibility of a health care provider to
provide non-Department health care services to veterans if the
Secretary determines that the health care provider--
            (1) was removed from employment with the Department of
        Veterans Affairs due to conduct that violated a policy of the
        Department relating to the delivery of safe and appropriate
        health care;
            (2) violated the requirements of a medical license of the
        health care provider;
            (3) had a Department credential revoked and the grounds for
        such revocation impacts the ability of the health care provider
        to deliver safe and appropriate health care; or
            (4) violated a law for which a term of imprisonment of more
        than one year may be imposed.
    (b) Permissive Action.--On and after the date that is one year
after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary may deny,
revoke, or suspend the eligibility of a health care provider to provide
non-Department health care services if the Secretary has reasonable
belief that such action is necessary to immediately protect the health,
safety, or welfare of veterans and--
            (1) the health care provider is under investigation by the
        medical licensing board of a State in which the health care
        provider is licensed or practices;
            (2) the health care provider has entered into a settlement
        agreement for a disciplinary charge relating to the practice of
        medicine by the health care provider; or
            (3) the Secretary otherwise determines that such action is
        appropriate under the circumstances.
    (c) Suspension.--The Secretary shall suspend the eligibility of a
health care provider to provide non-Department health care services to
veterans if the health care provider is suspended from serving as a
health care provider of the Department.
    (d) Initial Review of Department Employment.--Not later than one
year after the date of the enactment of this Act, with respect to each
health care provider providing non-Department health care services, the
Secretary shall review the status of each such health care provider as
an employee of the Department and the history of employment of each
such health care provider with the Department to determine whether the
health care provider is described in any of subsections (a) through
(c).
    (e) Comptroller General Report.--Not later than two years after the
date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the
United States shall submit to Congress a report on the implementation
by the Secretary of this section, including the following:
            (1) The aggregate number of health care providers denied or
        suspended under this section from participation in providing
        non-Department health care services.
            (2) An evaluation of any impact on access to health care
        for patients or staffing shortages in programs of the
        Department providing non-Department health care services.
            (3) An explanation of the coordination of the Department
        with the medical licensing boards of States in implementing
        this section, the amount of involvement of such boards in such
        implementation, and efforts by the Department to address any
        concerns raised by such boards with respect to such
        implementation.
            (4) Such recommendations as the Comptroller General
        considers appropriate regarding harmonizing eligibility
        criteria between health care providers of the Department and
        health care providers eligible to provide non-Department health
        care services.
    (f) Non-Department Health Care Services Defined.--In this section,
the term ``non-Department health care services'' means services--
            (1) provided under subchapter I of chapter 17 of title 38,
        United States Code, at non-Department facilities (as defined in
        section 1701 of such title);
            (2) provided under section 101 of the Veterans Access,
        Choice, and Accountability Act of 2014 (Public Law 113-146; 38
        U.S.C. 1701 note);
            (3) purchased through the Medical Community Care account of
        the Department; or
            (4) purchased with amounts deposited in the Veterans Choice
        Fund under section 802 of the

         Veterans Access, Choice, and Accountability Act of 2014.

            Passed the Senate November 9, 2017.

            Attest:

                                                JULIE E. ADAMS,

                                                             Secretary.


SECTION 1. LIMITED AUTHORITY FOR DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE PERSONNEL WHO
              ARE FACULTY MEMBERS AT DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SCHOOLS OR
              OTHER ACADEMIES TO SECURE COPYRIGHTS FOR CERTAIN
              SCHOLARLY WORKS.

    (a) Authority.--(1) Chapter 53 of title 10, United States Code, is
amended by inserting after section 1033 the following new section:
``Sec. 1033a. Faculty of service academies and Department of Defense
              professional schools: limited authority to secure
              copyrights for certain works
    ``(a) Authority.--Subject to regulations prescribed under
subsection (f), a person who is a member of the Army, Navy, Air Force,
or Marine Corps, or a civilian employee of the Department of Defense,
and is a faculty member of an institution described in subsection (e)
may, notwithstanding section 105 or 201(b) of title 17, secure
copyright protection under title 17 for a qualifying work, but only for
the purposes of submitting such work for publication in a scholarly
journal, publication, or other edited work for which such a copyright
is a requirement for consideration for publication or otherwise as may
be prescribed under regulations under this section.
    ``(b) Qualifying Works.--A work is a qualifying work for purposes
of this section if the work--
            ``(1) is prepared as part of a person's official duties;
        and
            ``(2) meets such criteria as the Secretary of Defense may
        prescribe by regulation as a scholarly work for which copyright
        protection as provided in subsection (a) is warranted.
    ``(c) Transfer of Copyright.--Upon acceptance for publication of a
work for which copyright protection exists by reason of subsection (a),
the person holding the copyright shall transfer the copyright to the
owner or publisher of the medium in which the work will be published.
    ``(d) Royalties, Etc.--No royalties or other compensation may be
accepted by a person described in subsection (a) by reason of copyright
protection that exists by reason of subsection (a).
    ``(e) Covered Institutions.--The institutions referred to in
subsection (a) are the following:
            ``(1) The United States Military Academy, United States
        Naval Academy, and United States Air Force Academy.
            ``(2) The National Defense University.
            ``(3) Any war college of the armed forces.
            ``(4) Any graduate-level college or university of the
        Department of Defense.
            ``(5) The Coast Guard Academy.
            ``(6) The United States Merchant Marine Academy.
    ``(f) Regulations.--The Secretary of Defense shall prescribe
regulations for the purposes of this section. Such regulations shall
include provisions specifying the types of works for which copyright
protection may be secured by a person described in subsection (a).''.
    (2) The table of sections at the beginning of such chapter is
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 1033 the
following new item:

``1033a. Faculty of service academies and Department of Defense
                            professional schools: limited authority to
                            secure copyrights for certain works.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--Section 1033a of title 10, United States Code,
as added by subsection (a), shall apply only with respect to works
that, as determined under regulations prescribed under that section,
are produced after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (c) Deadline for Regulations.--The Secretary of Defense shall
prescribe regulations under subsection (f) of section 1033a of title
10, United States Code, as added by subsection (a), not later than 180
days after the date of the enactment of this Act.

SEC. 2. LIMITED AUTHORITY FOR FACULTY MEMBERS AT COAST GUARD ACADEMY TO
              SECURE COPYRIGHTS FOR CERTAIN SCHOLARLY WORKS.

    (a) Authority.--(1) Chapter 9 of title 14, United States Code, is
amended by inserting after section 196 the following new section:
``Sec. 197. Limited authority for faculty members to secure copyrights
              for certain works
    ``(a) Authority.--Subject to regulations prescribed under
subsection (f), a person who is a member of the Coast Guard, or a
civilian employee of the Coast Guard, and is a faculty member of an
institution described in subsection (e) may, notwithstanding section
105 or 201(b) of title 17, secure copyright protection under title 17
for a qualifying work, but only for the purposes of submitting such
work for publication in a scholarly journal, publication, or other
edited work for which such a copyright is a requirement for
consideration for publication or otherwise as may be prescribed under
regulations under this section.
    ``(b) Qualifying Works.--A work is a qualifying work for purposes
of this section if the work--
            ``(1) is prepared as part of a person's official duties;
        and
            ``(2) meets such criteria as the Secretary may prescribe by
        regulation as a scholarly work for which copyright protection
        as provided in subsection (a) is warranted.
    ``(c) Transfer of Copyright.--Upon acceptance for publication of a
work for which copyright protection exists by reason of subsection (a),
the person holding the copyright shall transfer the copyright to the
owner or publisher of the medium in which the work will be published.
    ``(d) Royalties, Etc.--No royalties or other compensation may be
accepted by a person described in subsection (a) by reason of copyright
protection that exists by reason of subsection (a).
    ``(e) Covered Institutions.--The institutions referred to in
subsection (a) are the following:
            ``(1) The Coast Guard Academy.
            ``(2) The United States Merchant Marine Academy.
            ``(3) The United States Military Academy, United States
        Naval Academy, and United States Air Force Academy.
            ``(4) The National Defense University.
            ``(5) Any war college of the armed forces.
            ``(6) Any graduate-level college or university of the
        Department of Defense.
    ``(f) Regulations.--The Secretary shall prescribe regulations for
the purposes of this section. Such regulations shall include provisions
specifying the types of works for which copyright protection may be
secured by a person described in subsection (a).''.
    (2) The table of sections at the beginning of such chapter is
amended by inserting after the item relating to section 196 the
following new item:

``197. Limited authority for faculty members to secure copyrights for
                            certain works.''.
    (b) Effective Date.--Section 197 of title 14, United States Code,
as added by subsection (a), shall apply only with respect to works
that, as determined under regulations prescribed under that section,
are produced after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (c) Deadline for Regulations.--The Secretary of the department in
which the Coast Guard is operating shall prescribe regulations under
subsection (f) of section 197 of title 14, United States Code, as added
by subsection (a), not later than 180 days after the date of the
enactment of this Act.

SEC. 3. LIMITED AUTHORITY FOR FACULTY MEMBERS AT UNITED STATES MERCHANT
              MARINE ACADEMY TO SECURE COPYRIGHTS FOR CERTAIN WORKS.

    (a) Authority.-- Title XIII of the Merchant Marine Act, 1936 (46
App. U.S.C. 1295 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following
new section:

``SEC. 1308. LIMITED AUTHORITY FOR FACULTY MEMBERS TO SECURE COPYRIGHTS
              FOR CERTAIN WORKS.

    ``(a) Authority.--Subject to regulations prescribed under
subsection (f), a person who is an employee of the Department of
Transportation and is a faculty member of an institution described in
subsection (e) may, notwithstanding section 105 or 201(b) of title 17,
secure copyright protection under title 17 for a qualifying work, but
only for the purposes of submitting such work for publication in a
scholarly journal, publication, or other edited work for which such a
copyright is a requirement for consideration for publication or
otherwise as may be prescribed under regulations under this section.
    ``(b) Qualifying Works.--A work is a qualifying work for purposes
of this section if the work--
            ``(1) is prepared as part of a person's official duties;
        and
            ``(2) meets such criteria as the Secretary of
        Transportation may prescribe by regulation as a scholarly work
        for which copyright protection as provided in subsection (a) is
        warranted.
    ``(c) Transfer of Copyright.--Upon acceptance for publication of a
work for which copyright protection exists by reason of subsection (a),
the person holding the copyright shall transfer the copyright to the
owner or publisher of the medium in which the work will be published.
    ``(d) Royalties, Etc.--No royalties or other compensation may be
accepted by a person described in subsection (a) by reason of copyright
protection that exists by reason of subsection (a).
    ``(e) Covered Institutions.--The institutions referred to in
subsection (a) are the following:
            ``(1) The United States Merchant Marine Academy.
            ``(2) The Coast Guard Academy.
            ``(3) The United States Military Academy, United States
        Naval Academy, and United States Air Force Academy.
            ``(4) The National Defense University.
            ``(5) Any war college of the armed forces.
            ``(6) Any graduate-level college or university of the
        Department of Defense.
    ``(f) Regulations.--The Secretary of Transportation shall prescribe
regulations for the purposes of this section. Such regulations shall
include provisions specifying the types of works for which copyright
protection may be secured by a person described in subsection (a).''.
    (b) Effective Date.--Section 1308 of Merchant Marine Act, 1936, as
added by subsection (a), shall apply only with respect to works that,
as determined under regulations prescribed under that section, are
produced after the date of the enactment of this Act.
    (c) Deadline for Regulations.--The Secretary of Transportation
shall prescribe regulations under section 1308 of Merchant Marine Act,
1936, as added by subsection (a), not later than 180 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act.


SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Veterans Benefits Administration
Improvement Act of 2001''.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

    Congress makes the following findings:
            (1) The Veterans Benefits Administration of the Department
        of Veterans Affairs is responsible for the timely and accurate
        processing of claims for veterans compensation and pension.
            (2) The accuracy of claims processing within the Veterans
        Benefits Administration has been a subject of concern to
        veterans, Congress, and the Department of Veterans Affairs.
            (3) While the Veterans Benefits Administration has reported
        in the past a 95 percent accuracy rate in processing claims, a
        new accuracy measurement system known as the Systematic
        Technical Accuracy Review found that, in 1998 and again in
        2000, initial reviews of veterans claims were accurate only 64
        percent of the time.
            (4) The Veterans Benefits Administration could lose up to
        30 percent of its workforce to retirement by 2003, making
        adequate training for claims adjudicators even more necessary
        to ensure veterans claims are processed efficiently.
            (5) The Veterans Benefits Administration needs to take more
        aggressive steps to ensure that veterans claims are processed
        in an accurate and timely fashion so as to avoid unnecessary
        delays in providing veterans with compensation and pension
        benefits.
            (6) In 2001 the expected appeals processing time for a
        claim from notice of disagreement to final decision is 621
        days.
            (7) As of September 2001, the Veterans Benefits
        Administration backlog of pending work was 533,029 claims.

SEC. 3. IMPROVEMENT OF PROCESSING OF VETERANS BENEFITS CLAIMS.

    (a) Plan Required.--Not later than 90 days after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs shall submit
to the Committees on Veterans' Affairs of the Senate and the House of
Representatives, the Majority Leader of the Senate, and the Speaker of
the House of Representatives a comprehensive plan for the improvement
of the processing of claims for veterans compensation and pension.
    (b) Elements.--The plan under subsection (a) shall include the
following:
            (1) Mechanisms for the improvement of training of claims
        adjudicators and for the enhancement of employee accountability
        standards in order to ensure that initial reviews of claims are
        accurate and that unnecessary appeals of benefit decisions and
        delays in benefit payments are avoided.
            (2) Mechanisms for strengthening the ability of the
        Veterans Benefits Administration to identify recurring errors
        in claims adjudications by improving data collection and
        management relating to--
                    (A) the human body and impairments common in
                disability and pension claims; and
                    (B) recurring deficiencies in medical evidence and
                examinations.
            (3) Mechanisms for implementing a system for reviewing
        claims processing accuracy that meets the internal control
        standard of the Federal Government on separation of duties and
        the program performance audit standard of the Federal
        Government on organizational independence.
            (4) Mechanisms for evaluating the impact of the Training
        and Performance Support System on the accuracy and consistency
        of claims processing.
            (5) Quantifiable goals for each of the mechanisms developed
        under paragraphs (1) through (4).
    (c) Consultation.--In developing the plan under subsection (a), the
Secretary shall consult with and obtain the views of veterans
organizations, county veteran service associations, and other
interested parties.
    (d) Implementation.--The Secretary shall implement the plan under
subsection (a) commencing 60 days after the date of the submittal of
the plan under that subsection.
    (e) Modification.--(1) The Secretary may modify the plan submitted
under subsection (a).
    (2) Any modification under paragraph (1) shall not take effect
until 30 days after the date on which the Secretary submits to the
Committees on Veterans' Affairs of the Senate and the House of
Representatives, the Majority Leader of the Senate, and the Speaker of
the House of Representatives a notice regarding such modification.
    (f) Reports.--Not later than January 1, 2003, and every six months
thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on Veterans'
Affairs of the Senate and the House of Representatives, the Majority
Leader of the Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Representatives a
report assessing implementation of the plan under subsection (a) during
the preceding 6 months, including an assessment of whether the goals
set forth under subsection (b)(5) are being achieved.
    (g) Funding.--The Secretary shall carry out the plan under this
section in any fiscal year using amounts appropriated or otherwise made
available for the Veterans Benefits Administration for that fiscal
year.