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|
| """So much practical programming involves string manipulation, which |
| Python readily accommodates. Still, there are dozens of basic and |
| common capabilities missing from the standard library, several of them |
| provided by ``strutils``. |
| """ |
|
|
|
|
| import builtins |
| import re |
| import sys |
| import uuid |
| import zlib |
| import string |
| import unicodedata |
| import collections |
| from collections.abc import Mapping |
| from gzip import GzipFile |
| from html.parser import HTMLParser |
| from html import entities as htmlentitydefs |
| from io import BytesIO as StringIO |
|
|
|
|
| __all__ = ['camel2under', 'under2camel', 'slugify', 'split_punct_ws', |
| 'unit_len', 'ordinalize', 'cardinalize', 'pluralize', 'singularize', |
| 'asciify', 'is_ascii', 'is_uuid', 'html2text', 'strip_ansi', |
| 'bytes2human', 'find_hashtags', 'a10n', 'gzip_bytes', 'gunzip_bytes', |
| 'iter_splitlines', 'indent', 'escape_shell_args', |
| 'args2cmd', 'args2sh', 'parse_int_list', 'format_int_list', |
| 'complement_int_list', 'int_ranges_from_int_list', 'MultiReplace', |
| 'multi_replace', 'unwrap_text', 'removeprefix'] |
|
|
|
|
| _punct_ws_str = string.punctuation + string.whitespace |
| _punct_re = re.compile('[' + _punct_ws_str + ']+') |
| _camel2under_re = re.compile('((?<=[a-z0-9])[A-Z]|(?!^)[A-Z](?=[a-z]))') |
|
|
|
|
| def camel2under(camel_string): |
| """Converts a camelcased string to underscores. Useful for turning a |
| class name into a function name. |
| |
| >>> camel2under('BasicParseTest') |
| 'basic_parse_test' |
| """ |
| return _camel2under_re.sub(r'_\1', camel_string).lower() |
|
|
|
|
| def under2camel(under_string): |
| """Converts an underscored string to camelcased. Useful for turning a |
| function name into a class name. |
| |
| >>> under2camel('complex_tokenizer') |
| 'ComplexTokenizer' |
| """ |
| return ''.join(w.capitalize() or '_' for w in under_string.split('_')) |
|
|
|
|
| def slugify(text, delim='_', lower=True, ascii=False): |
| """ |
| A basic function that turns text full of scary characters |
| (i.e., punctuation and whitespace), into a relatively safe |
| lowercased string separated only by the delimiter specified |
| by *delim*, which defaults to ``_``. |
| |
| The *ascii* convenience flag will :func:`asciify` the slug if |
| you require ascii-only slugs. |
| |
| >>> slugify('First post! Hi!!!!~1 ') |
| 'first_post_hi_1' |
| |
| >>> slugify("Kurt Gödel's pretty cool.", ascii=True) == \ |
| b'kurt_goedel_s_pretty_cool' |
| True |
| |
| """ |
| ret = delim.join(split_punct_ws(text)) or delim if text else '' |
| if ascii: |
| ret = asciify(ret) |
| if lower: |
| ret = ret.lower() |
| return ret |
|
|
|
|
| def split_punct_ws(text): |
| """While :meth:`str.split` will split on whitespace, |
| :func:`split_punct_ws` will split on punctuation and |
| whitespace. This used internally by :func:`slugify`, above. |
| |
| >>> split_punct_ws('First post! Hi!!!!~1 ') |
| ['First', 'post', 'Hi', '1'] |
| """ |
| return [w for w in _punct_re.split(text) if w] |
|
|
|
|
| def unit_len(sized_iterable, unit_noun='item'): |
| """Returns a plain-English description of an iterable's |
| :func:`len()`, conditionally pluralized with :func:`cardinalize`, |
| detailed below. |
| |
| >>> print(unit_len(range(10), 'number')) |
| 10 numbers |
| >>> print(unit_len('aeiou', 'vowel')) |
| 5 vowels |
| >>> print(unit_len([], 'worry')) |
| No worries |
| """ |
| count = len(sized_iterable) |
| units = cardinalize(unit_noun, count) |
| if count: |
| return f'{count} {units}' |
| return f'No {units}' |
|
|
|
|
| _ORDINAL_MAP = {'1': 'st', |
| '2': 'nd', |
| '3': 'rd'} |
|
|
|
|
| def ordinalize(number, ext_only=False): |
| """Turns *number* into its cardinal form, i.e., 1st, 2nd, |
| 3rd, 4th, etc. If the last character isn't a digit, it returns the |
| string value unchanged. |
| |
| Args: |
| number (int or str): Number to be cardinalized. |
| ext_only (bool): Whether to return only the suffix. Default ``False``. |
| |
| >>> print(ordinalize(1)) |
| 1st |
| >>> print(ordinalize(3694839230)) |
| 3694839230th |
| >>> print(ordinalize('hi')) |
| hi |
| >>> print(ordinalize(1515)) |
| 1515th |
| """ |
| numstr, ext = str(number), '' |
| if numstr and numstr[-1] in string.digits: |
| try: |
| |
| if numstr[-2] == '1': |
| ext = 'th' |
| else: |
| |
| ext = _ORDINAL_MAP.get(numstr[-1], 'th') |
| except IndexError: |
| |
| ext = _ORDINAL_MAP.get(numstr[-1], 'th') |
| if ext_only: |
| return ext |
| else: |
| return numstr + ext |
|
|
|
|
| def cardinalize(unit_noun, count): |
| """Conditionally pluralizes a singular word *unit_noun* if |
| *count* is not one, preserving case when possible. |
| |
| >>> vowels = 'aeiou' |
| >>> print(len(vowels), cardinalize('vowel', len(vowels))) |
| 5 vowels |
| >>> print(3, cardinalize('Wish', 3)) |
| 3 Wishes |
| """ |
| if count == 1: |
| return unit_noun |
| return pluralize(unit_noun) |
|
|
|
|
| def singularize(word): |
| """Semi-intelligently converts an English plural *word* to its |
| singular form, preserving case pattern. |
| |
| >>> singularize('chances') |
| 'chance' |
| >>> singularize('Activities') |
| 'Activity' |
| >>> singularize('Glasses') |
| 'Glass' |
| >>> singularize('FEET') |
| 'FOOT' |
| |
| """ |
| orig_word, word = word, word.strip().lower() |
| if not word or word in _IRR_S2P: |
| return orig_word |
|
|
| irr_singular = _IRR_P2S.get(word) |
| if irr_singular: |
| singular = irr_singular |
| elif not word.endswith('s'): |
| return orig_word |
| elif len(word) == 2: |
| singular = word[:-1] |
| elif word.endswith('ies') and word[-4:-3] not in 'aeiou': |
| singular = word[:-3] + 'y' |
| elif word.endswith('es') and word[-3] == 's': |
| singular = word[:-2] |
| else: |
| singular = word[:-1] |
| return _match_case(orig_word, singular) |
|
|
|
|
| def pluralize(word): |
| """Semi-intelligently converts an English *word* from singular form to |
| plural, preserving case pattern. |
| |
| >>> pluralize('friend') |
| 'friends' |
| >>> pluralize('enemy') |
| 'enemies' |
| >>> pluralize('Sheep') |
| 'Sheep' |
| """ |
| orig_word, word = word, word.strip().lower() |
| if not word or word in _IRR_P2S: |
| return orig_word |
| irr_plural = _IRR_S2P.get(word) |
| if irr_plural: |
| plural = irr_plural |
| elif word.endswith('y') and word[-2:-1] not in 'aeiou': |
| plural = word[:-1] + 'ies' |
| elif word[-1] == 's' or word.endswith('ch') or word.endswith('sh'): |
| plural = word if word.endswith('es') else word + 'es' |
| else: |
| plural = word + 's' |
| return _match_case(orig_word, plural) |
|
|
|
|
| def _match_case(master, disciple): |
| if not master.strip(): |
| return disciple |
| if master.lower() == master: |
| return disciple.lower() |
| elif master.upper() == master: |
| return disciple.upper() |
| elif master.title() == master: |
| return disciple.title() |
| return disciple |
|
|
|
|
| |
| _IRR_S2P = {'addendum': 'addenda', 'alga': 'algae', 'alumna': 'alumnae', |
| 'alumnus': 'alumni', 'analysis': 'analyses', 'antenna': 'antennae', |
| 'appendix': 'appendices', 'axis': 'axes', 'bacillus': 'bacilli', |
| 'bacterium': 'bacteria', 'basis': 'bases', 'beau': 'beaux', |
| 'bison': 'bison', 'bureau': 'bureaus', 'cactus': 'cacti', |
| 'calf': 'calves', 'child': 'children', 'corps': 'corps', |
| 'corpus': 'corpora', 'crisis': 'crises', 'criterion': 'criteria', |
| 'curriculum': 'curricula', 'datum': 'data', 'deer': 'deer', |
| 'diagnosis': 'diagnoses', 'die': 'dice', 'dwarf': 'dwarves', |
| 'echo': 'echoes', 'elf': 'elves', 'ellipsis': 'ellipses', |
| 'embargo': 'embargoes', 'emphasis': 'emphases', 'erratum': 'errata', |
| 'fireman': 'firemen', 'fish': 'fish', 'focus': 'foci', |
| 'foot': 'feet', 'formula': 'formulae', 'formula': 'formulas', |
| 'fungus': 'fungi', 'genus': 'genera', 'goose': 'geese', |
| 'half': 'halves', 'hero': 'heroes', 'hippopotamus': 'hippopotami', |
| 'hoof': 'hooves', 'hypothesis': 'hypotheses', 'index': 'indices', |
| 'knife': 'knives', 'leaf': 'leaves', 'life': 'lives', |
| 'loaf': 'loaves', 'louse': 'lice', 'man': 'men', |
| 'matrix': 'matrices', 'means': 'means', 'medium': 'media', |
| 'memorandum': 'memoranda', 'millennium': 'milennia', 'moose': 'moose', |
| 'mosquito': 'mosquitoes', 'mouse': 'mice', 'nebula': 'nebulae', |
| 'neurosis': 'neuroses', 'nucleus': 'nuclei', 'oasis': 'oases', |
| 'octopus': 'octopi', 'offspring': 'offspring', 'ovum': 'ova', |
| 'ox': 'oxen', 'paralysis': 'paralyses', 'parenthesis': 'parentheses', |
| 'person': 'people', 'phenomenon': 'phenomena', 'potato': 'potatoes', |
| 'radius': 'radii', 'scarf': 'scarves', 'scissors': 'scissors', |
| 'self': 'selves', 'sense': 'senses', 'series': 'series', 'sheep': |
| 'sheep', 'shelf': 'shelves', 'species': 'species', 'stimulus': |
| 'stimuli', 'stratum': 'strata', 'syllabus': 'syllabi', 'symposium': |
| 'symposia', 'synopsis': 'synopses', 'synthesis': 'syntheses', |
| 'tableau': 'tableaux', 'that': 'those', 'thesis': 'theses', |
| 'thief': 'thieves', 'this': 'these', 'tomato': 'tomatoes', 'tooth': |
| 'teeth', 'torpedo': 'torpedoes', 'vertebra': 'vertebrae', 'veto': |
| 'vetoes', 'vita': 'vitae', 'watch': 'watches', 'wife': 'wives', |
| 'wolf': 'wolves', 'woman': 'women'} |
|
|
|
|
| |
| _IRR_P2S = {v: k for k, v in _IRR_S2P.items()} |
|
|
| HASHTAG_RE = re.compile(r"(?:^|\s)[＃#]{1}(\w+)", re.UNICODE) |
|
|
|
|
| def find_hashtags(string): |
| """Finds and returns all hashtags in a string, with the hashmark |
| removed. Supports full-width hashmarks for Asian languages and |
| does not false-positive on URL anchors. |
| |
| >>> find_hashtags('#atag http://asite/#ananchor') |
| ['atag'] |
| |
| ``find_hashtags`` also works with unicode hashtags. |
| """ |
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| return HASHTAG_RE.findall(string) |
|
|
|
|
| def a10n(string): |
| """That thing where "internationalization" becomes "i18n", what's it |
| called? Abbreviation? Oh wait, no: ``a10n``. (It's actually a form |
| of `numeronym`_.) |
| |
| >>> a10n('abbreviation') |
| 'a10n' |
| >>> a10n('internationalization') |
| 'i18n' |
| >>> a10n('') |
| '' |
| |
| .. _numeronym: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numeronym |
| """ |
| if len(string) < 3: |
| return string |
| return f'{string[0]}{len(string[1:-1])}{string[-1]}' |
|
|
|
|
| |
| ANSI_SEQUENCES = re.compile(r''' |
| \x1B # Sequence starts with ESC, i.e. hex 0x1B |
| (?: |
| [@-Z\\-_] # Second byte: |
| # all 0x40–0x5F range but CSI char, i.e ASCII @A–Z\]^_ |
| | # Or |
| \[ # CSI sequences, starting with [ |
| [0-?]* # Parameter bytes: |
| # range 0x30–0x3F, ASCII 0–9:;<=>? |
| [ -/]* # Intermediate bytes: |
| # range 0x20–0x2F, ASCII space and !"#$%&'()*+,-./ |
| [@-~] # Final byte |
| # range 0x40–0x7E, ASCII @A–Z[\]^_`a–z{|}~ |
| ) |
| ''', re.VERBOSE) |
|
|
|
|
| def strip_ansi(text): |
| """Strips ANSI escape codes from *text*. Useful for the occasional |
| time when a log or redirected output accidentally captures console |
| color codes and the like. |
| |
| >>> strip_ansi('\x1b[0m\x1b[1;36mart\x1b[46;34m') |
| 'art' |
| |
| Supports str, bytes and bytearray content as input. Returns the |
| same type as the input. |
| |
| There's a lot of ANSI art available for testing on `sixteencolors.net`_. |
| This function does not interpret or render ANSI art, but you can do so with |
| `ansi2img`_ or `escapes.js`_. |
| |
| .. _sixteencolors.net: http://sixteencolors.net |
| .. _ansi2img: http://www.bedroomlan.org/projects/ansi2img |
| .. _escapes.js: https://github.com/atdt/escapes.js |
| """ |
| |
|
|
| |
| |
| target_type = None |
| |
| if isinstance(text, (bytes, bytearray)): |
| target_type = type(text) |
| text = text.decode('utf-8') |
|
|
| cleaned = ANSI_SEQUENCES.sub('', text) |
|
|
| |
| if target_type and target_type != type(cleaned): |
| cleaned = target_type(cleaned, 'utf-8') |
|
|
| return cleaned |
|
|
|
|
| def asciify(text, ignore=False): |
| """Converts a unicode or bytestring, *text*, into a bytestring with |
| just ascii characters. Performs basic deaccenting for all you |
| Europhiles out there. |
| |
| Also, a gentle reminder that this is a **utility**, primarily meant |
| for slugification. Whenever possible, make your application work |
| **with** unicode, not against it. |
| |
| Args: |
| text (str): The string to be asciified. |
| ignore (bool): Configures final encoding to ignore remaining |
| unasciified string instead of replacing it. |
| |
| >>> asciify('Beyoncé') == b'Beyonce' |
| True |
| """ |
| try: |
| try: |
| return text.encode('ascii') |
| except UnicodeDecodeError: |
| |
| text = text.decode('utf-8') |
| return text.encode('ascii') |
| except UnicodeEncodeError: |
| mode = 'replace' |
| if ignore: |
| mode = 'ignore' |
| transd = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', text.translate(DEACCENT_MAP)) |
| ret = transd.encode('ascii', mode) |
| return ret |
|
|
|
|
| def is_ascii(text): |
| """Check if a string or bytestring, *text*, is composed of ascii |
| characters only. Raises :exc:`ValueError` if argument is not text. |
| |
| Args: |
| text (str): The string to be checked. |
| |
| >>> is_ascii('Beyoncé') |
| False |
| >>> is_ascii('Beyonce') |
| True |
| """ |
| if isinstance(text, str): |
| try: |
| text.encode('ascii') |
| except UnicodeEncodeError: |
| return False |
| elif isinstance(text, bytes): |
| try: |
| text.decode('ascii') |
| except UnicodeDecodeError: |
| return False |
| else: |
| raise ValueError('expected text or bytes, not %r' % type(text)) |
| return True |
|
|
|
|
| class DeaccenterDict(dict): |
| "A small caching dictionary for deaccenting." |
| def __missing__(self, key): |
| ch = self.get(key) |
| if ch is not None: |
| return ch |
| try: |
| de = unicodedata.decomposition(chr(key)) |
| p1, _, p2 = de.rpartition(' ') |
| if int(p2, 16) == 0x308: |
| ch = self.get(key) |
| else: |
| ch = int(p1, 16) |
| except (IndexError, ValueError): |
| ch = self.get(key, key) |
| self[key] = ch |
| return ch |
|
|
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| _BASE_DEACCENT_MAP = { |
| 0xc6: "AE", |
| 0xd0: "D", |
| 0xd8: "OE", |
| 0xde: "Th", |
| 0xc4: 'Ae', |
| 0xd6: 'Oe', |
| 0xdc: 'Ue', |
| 0xc0: "A", |
| 0xc1: "A", |
| 0xc3: "A", |
| 0xc7: "C", |
| 0xc8: "E", |
| 0xc9: "E", |
| 0xca: "E", |
| 0xcc: "I", |
| 0xcd: "I", |
| 0xd2: "O", |
| 0xd3: "O", |
| 0xd5: "O", |
| 0xd9: "U", |
| 0xda: "U", |
| 0xdf: "ss", |
| 0xe6: "ae", |
| 0xf0: "d", |
| 0xf8: "oe", |
| 0xfe: "th", |
| 0xe4: 'ae', |
| 0xf6: 'oe', |
| 0xfc: 'ue', |
| 0xe0: "a", |
| 0xe1: "a", |
| 0xe3: "a", |
| 0xe7: "c", |
| 0xe8: "e", |
| 0xe9: "e", |
| 0xea: "e", |
| 0xec: "i", |
| 0xed: "i", |
| 0xf2: "o", |
| 0xf3: "o", |
| 0xf5: "o", |
| 0xf9: "u", |
| 0xfa: "u", |
| 0x2018: "'", |
| 0x2019: "'", |
| 0x201c: '"', |
| 0x201d: '"', |
| } |
|
|
|
|
| DEACCENT_MAP = DeaccenterDict(_BASE_DEACCENT_MAP) |
|
|
|
|
| _SIZE_SYMBOLS = ('B', 'K', 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E', 'Z', 'Y') |
| _SIZE_BOUNDS = [(1024 ** i, sym) for i, sym in enumerate(_SIZE_SYMBOLS)] |
| _SIZE_RANGES = list(zip(_SIZE_BOUNDS, _SIZE_BOUNDS[1:])) |
|
|
|
|
| def bytes2human(nbytes, ndigits=0): |
| """Turns an integer value of *nbytes* into a human readable format. Set |
| *ndigits* to control how many digits after the decimal point |
| should be shown (default ``0``). |
| |
| >>> bytes2human(128991) |
| '126K' |
| >>> bytes2human(100001221) |
| '95M' |
| >>> bytes2human(0, 2) |
| '0.00B' |
| """ |
| abs_bytes = abs(nbytes) |
| for (size, symbol), (next_size, next_symbol) in _SIZE_RANGES: |
| if abs_bytes <= next_size: |
| break |
| hnbytes = float(nbytes) / size |
| return '{hnbytes:.{ndigits}f}{symbol}'.format(hnbytes=hnbytes, |
| ndigits=ndigits, |
| symbol=symbol) |
|
|
|
|
| class HTMLTextExtractor(HTMLParser): |
| def __init__(self): |
| self.reset() |
| self.strict = False |
| self.convert_charrefs = True |
| self.result = [] |
|
|
| def handle_data(self, d): |
| self.result.append(d) |
|
|
| def handle_charref(self, number): |
| if number[0] == 'x' or number[0] == 'X': |
| codepoint = int(number[1:], 16) |
| else: |
| codepoint = int(number) |
| self.result.append(chr(codepoint)) |
|
|
| def handle_entityref(self, name): |
| try: |
| codepoint = htmlentitydefs.name2codepoint[name] |
| except KeyError: |
| self.result.append('&' + name + ';') |
| else: |
| self.result.append(chr(codepoint)) |
|
|
| def get_text(self): |
| return ''.join(self.result) |
|
|
|
|
| def html2text(html): |
| """Strips tags from HTML text, returning markup-free text. Also, does |
| a best effort replacement of entities like " " |
| |
| >>> r = html2text(u'<a href="#">Test &<em>(\u0394ημώ)</em></a>') |
| >>> r == u'Test &(\u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03ce)' |
| True |
| """ |
| |
| s = HTMLTextExtractor() |
| s.feed(html) |
| return s.get_text() |
|
|
|
|
| _EMPTY_GZIP_BYTES = b'\x1f\x8b\x08\x089\xf3\xb9U\x00\x03empty\x00\x03\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00' |
| _NON_EMPTY_GZIP_BYTES = b'\x1f\x8b\x08\x08\xbc\xf7\xb9U\x00\x03not_empty\x00K\xaa,I-N\xcc\xc8\xafT\xe4\x02\x00\xf3nb\xbf\x0b\x00\x00\x00' |
|
|
|
|
| def gunzip_bytes(bytestring): |
| """The :mod:`gzip` module is great if you have a file or file-like |
| object, but what if you just have bytes. StringIO is one |
| possibility, but it's often faster, easier, and simpler to just |
| use this one-liner. Use this tried-and-true utility function to |
| decompress gzip from bytes. |
| |
| >>> gunzip_bytes(_EMPTY_GZIP_BYTES) == b'' |
| True |
| >>> gunzip_bytes(_NON_EMPTY_GZIP_BYTES).rstrip() == b'bytesahoy!' |
| True |
| """ |
| return zlib.decompress(bytestring, 16 + zlib.MAX_WBITS) |
|
|
|
|
| def gzip_bytes(bytestring, level=6): |
| """Turn some bytes into some compressed bytes. |
| |
| >>> len(gzip_bytes(b'a' * 10000)) |
| 46 |
| |
| Args: |
| bytestring (bytes): Bytes to be compressed |
| level (int): An integer, 1-9, controlling the |
| speed/compression. 1 is fastest, least compressed, 9 is |
| slowest, but most compressed. |
| |
| Note that all levels of gzip are pretty fast these days, though |
| it's not really a competitor in compression, at any level. |
| """ |
| out = StringIO() |
| f = GzipFile(fileobj=out, mode='wb', compresslevel=level) |
| f.write(bytestring) |
| f.close() |
| return out.getvalue() |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| _line_ending_re = re.compile(r'(\r\n|\n|\x0b|\f|\r|\x85|\x2028|\x2029)', |
| re.UNICODE) |
|
|
|
|
| def iter_splitlines(text): |
| r"""Like :meth:`str.splitlines`, but returns an iterator of lines |
| instead of a list. Also similar to :meth:`file.next`, as that also |
| lazily reads and yields lines from a file. |
| |
| This function works with a variety of line endings, but as always, |
| be careful when mixing line endings within a file. |
| |
| >>> list(iter_splitlines('\nhi\nbye\n')) |
| ['', 'hi', 'bye', ''] |
| >>> list(iter_splitlines('\r\nhi\rbye\r\n')) |
| ['', 'hi', 'bye', ''] |
| >>> list(iter_splitlines('')) |
| [] |
| """ |
| prev_end, len_text = 0, len(text) |
| |
| |
| for match in _line_ending_re.finditer(text): |
| start, end = match.start(1), match.end(1) |
| |
| if prev_end <= start: |
| yield text[prev_end:start] |
| if end == len_text: |
| yield '' |
| prev_end = end |
| tail = text[prev_end:] |
| if tail: |
| yield tail |
| return |
|
|
|
|
| def indent(text, margin, newline='\n', key=bool): |
| """The missing counterpart to the built-in :func:`textwrap.dedent`. |
| |
| Args: |
| text (str): The text to indent. |
| margin (str): The string to prepend to each line. |
| newline (str): The newline used to rejoin the lines (default: ``\\n``) |
| key (callable): Called on each line to determine whether to |
| indent it. Default: :class:`bool`, to ensure that empty lines do |
| not get whitespace added. |
| """ |
| indented_lines = [(margin + line if key(line) else line) |
| for line in iter_splitlines(text)] |
| return newline.join(indented_lines) |
|
|
|
|
| def is_uuid(obj, version=4): |
| """Check the argument is either a valid UUID object or string. |
| |
| Args: |
| obj (object): The test target. Strings and UUID objects supported. |
| version (int): The target UUID version, set to 0 to skip version check. |
| |
| >>> is_uuid('e682ccca-5a4c-4ef2-9711-73f9ad1e15ea') |
| True |
| >>> is_uuid('0221f0d9-d4b9-11e5-a478-10ddb1c2feb9') |
| False |
| >>> is_uuid('0221f0d9-d4b9-11e5-a478-10ddb1c2feb9', version=1) |
| True |
| """ |
| if not isinstance(obj, uuid.UUID): |
| try: |
| obj = uuid.UUID(obj) |
| except (TypeError, ValueError, AttributeError): |
| return False |
| if version and obj.version != int(version): |
| return False |
| return True |
|
|
|
|
| def escape_shell_args(args, sep=' ', style=None): |
| """Returns an escaped version of each string in *args*, according to |
| *style*. |
| |
| Args: |
| args (list): A list of arguments to escape and join together |
| sep (str): The separator used to join the escaped arguments. |
| style (str): The style of escaping to use. Can be one of |
| ``cmd`` or ``sh``, geared toward Windows and Linux/BSD/etc., |
| respectively. If *style* is ``None``, then it is picked |
| according to the system platform. |
| |
| See :func:`args2cmd` and :func:`args2sh` for details and example |
| output for each style. |
| """ |
| if not style: |
| style = 'cmd' if sys.platform == 'win32' else 'sh' |
|
|
| if style == 'sh': |
| return args2sh(args, sep=sep) |
| elif style == 'cmd': |
| return args2cmd(args, sep=sep) |
|
|
| raise ValueError("style expected one of 'cmd' or 'sh', not %r" % style) |
|
|
|
|
| _find_sh_unsafe = re.compile(r'[^a-zA-Z0-9_@%+=:,./-]').search |
|
|
|
|
| def args2sh(args, sep=' '): |
| """Return a shell-escaped string version of *args*, separated by |
| *sep*, based on the rules of sh, bash, and other shells in the |
| Linux/BSD/MacOS ecosystem. |
| |
| >>> print(args2sh(['aa', '[bb]', "cc'cc", 'dd"dd'])) |
| aa '[bb]' 'cc'"'"'cc' 'dd"dd' |
| |
| As you can see, arguments with no special characters are not |
| escaped, arguments with special characters are quoted with single |
| quotes, and single quotes themselves are quoted with double |
| quotes. Double quotes are handled like any other special |
| character. |
| |
| Based on code from the :mod:`pipes`/:mod:`shlex` modules. Also |
| note that :mod:`shlex` and :mod:`argparse` have functions to split |
| and parse strings escaped in this manner. |
| """ |
| ret_list = [] |
|
|
| for arg in args: |
| if not arg: |
| ret_list.append("''") |
| continue |
| if _find_sh_unsafe(arg) is None: |
| ret_list.append(arg) |
| continue |
| |
| |
| ret_list.append("'" + arg.replace("'", "'\"'\"'") + "'") |
|
|
| return ' '.join(ret_list) |
|
|
|
|
| def args2cmd(args, sep=' '): |
| r"""Return a shell-escaped string version of *args*, separated by |
| *sep*, using the same rules as the Microsoft C runtime. |
| |
| >>> print(args2cmd(['aa', '[bb]', "cc'cc", 'dd"dd'])) |
| aa [bb] cc'cc dd\"dd |
| |
| As you can see, escaping is through backslashing and not quoting, |
| and double quotes are the only special character. See the comment |
| in the code for more details. Based on internal code from the |
| :mod:`subprocess` module. |
| |
| """ |
| |
| """ |
| 1) Arguments are delimited by white space, which is either a |
| space or a tab. |
| |
| 2) A string surrounded by double quotation marks is |
| interpreted as a single argument, regardless of white space |
| contained within. A quoted string can be embedded in an |
| argument. |
| |
| 3) A double quotation mark preceded by a backslash is |
| interpreted as a literal double quotation mark. |
| |
| 4) Backslashes are interpreted literally, unless they |
| immediately precede a double quotation mark. |
| |
| 5) If backslashes immediately precede a double quotation mark, |
| every pair of backslashes is interpreted as a literal |
| backslash. If the number of backslashes is odd, the last |
| backslash escapes the next double quotation mark as |
| described in rule 3. |
| |
| See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft.aspx |
| or search http://msdn.microsoft.com for |
| "Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments" |
| """ |
| result = [] |
| needquote = False |
| for arg in args: |
| bs_buf = [] |
|
|
| |
| if result: |
| result.append(' ') |
|
|
| needquote = (" " in arg) or ("\t" in arg) or not arg |
| if needquote: |
| result.append('"') |
|
|
| for c in arg: |
| if c == '\\': |
| |
| bs_buf.append(c) |
| elif c == '"': |
| |
| result.append('\\' * len(bs_buf)*2) |
| bs_buf = [] |
| result.append('\\"') |
| else: |
| |
| if bs_buf: |
| result.extend(bs_buf) |
| bs_buf = [] |
| result.append(c) |
|
|
| |
| if bs_buf: |
| result.extend(bs_buf) |
|
|
| if needquote: |
| result.extend(bs_buf) |
| result.append('"') |
|
|
| return ''.join(result) |
|
|
|
|
| def parse_int_list(range_string, delim=',', range_delim='-'): |
| """Returns a sorted list of positive integers based on |
| *range_string*. Reverse of :func:`format_int_list`. |
| |
| Args: |
| range_string (str): String of comma separated positive |
| integers or ranges (e.g. '1,2,4-6,8'). Typical of a custom |
| page range string used in printer dialogs. |
| delim (char): Defaults to ','. Separates integers and |
| contiguous ranges of integers. |
| range_delim (char): Defaults to '-'. Indicates a contiguous |
| range of integers. |
| |
| >>> parse_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15') |
| [1, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 15] |
| |
| """ |
| output = [] |
|
|
| for x in range_string.strip().split(delim): |
|
|
| |
| if range_delim in x: |
| range_limits = list(map(int, x.split(range_delim))) |
| output += list(range(min(range_limits), max(range_limits)+1)) |
|
|
| |
| elif not x: |
| continue |
|
|
| |
| else: |
| output.append(int(x)) |
|
|
| return sorted(output) |
|
|
|
|
| def format_int_list(int_list, delim=',', range_delim='-', delim_space=False): |
| """Returns a sorted range string from a list of positive integers |
| (*int_list*). Contiguous ranges of integers are collapsed to min |
| and max values. Reverse of :func:`parse_int_list`. |
| |
| Args: |
| int_list (list): List of positive integers to be converted |
| into a range string (e.g. [1,2,4,5,6,8]). |
| delim (char): Defaults to ','. Separates integers and |
| contiguous ranges of integers. |
| range_delim (char): Defaults to '-'. Indicates a contiguous |
| range of integers. |
| delim_space (bool): Defaults to ``False``. If ``True``, adds a |
| space after all *delim* characters. |
| |
| >>> format_int_list([1,3,5,6,7,8,10,11,15]) |
| '1,3,5-8,10-11,15' |
| |
| """ |
| output = [] |
| contig_range = collections.deque() |
|
|
| for x in sorted(int_list): |
|
|
| |
| if len(contig_range) < 1: |
| contig_range.append(x) |
|
|
| |
| elif len(contig_range) > 1: |
| delta = x - contig_range[-1] |
|
|
| |
| if delta == 1: |
| contig_range.append(x) |
|
|
| |
| elif delta > 1: |
| range_substr = '{:d}{}{:d}'.format(min(contig_range), |
| range_delim, |
| max(contig_range)) |
| output.append(range_substr) |
| contig_range.clear() |
| contig_range.append(x) |
|
|
| |
| else: |
| continue |
|
|
| |
| else: |
| delta = x - contig_range[0] |
|
|
| |
| if delta == 1: |
| contig_range.append(x) |
|
|
| |
| elif delta > 1: |
| output.append(f'{contig_range.popleft():d}') |
| contig_range.append(x) |
|
|
| |
| else: |
| continue |
|
|
| |
| else: |
|
|
| |
| if len(contig_range) == 1: |
| output.append(f'{contig_range.popleft():d}') |
| contig_range.clear() |
|
|
| |
| elif len(contig_range) > 1: |
| range_substr = '{:d}{}{:d}'.format(min(contig_range), |
| range_delim, |
| max(contig_range)) |
| output.append(range_substr) |
| contig_range.clear() |
|
|
| if delim_space: |
| output_str = (delim+' ').join(output) |
| else: |
| output_str = delim.join(output) |
|
|
| return output_str |
|
|
|
|
| def complement_int_list( |
| range_string, range_start=0, range_end=None, |
| delim=',', range_delim='-'): |
| """ Returns range string that is the complement of the one provided as |
| *range_string* parameter. |
| |
| These range strings are of the kind produce by :func:`format_int_list`, and |
| parseable by :func:`parse_int_list`. |
| |
| Args: |
| range_string (str): String of comma separated positive integers or |
| ranges (e.g. '1,2,4-6,8'). Typical of a custom page range string |
| used in printer dialogs. |
| range_start (int): A positive integer from which to start the resulting |
| range. Value is inclusive. Defaults to ``0``. |
| range_end (int): A positive integer from which the produced range is |
| stopped. Value is exclusive. Defaults to the maximum value found in |
| the provided ``range_string``. |
| delim (char): Defaults to ','. Separates integers and contiguous ranges |
| of integers. |
| range_delim (char): Defaults to '-'. Indicates a contiguous range of |
| integers. |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15') |
| '0,2,4,9,12-14' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_start=0) |
| '0,2,4,9,12-14' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_start=1) |
| '2,4,9,12-14' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_start=2) |
| '2,4,9,12-14' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_start=3) |
| '4,9,12-14' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_end=15) |
| '0,2,4,9,12-14' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_end=14) |
| '0,2,4,9,12-13' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_end=13) |
| '0,2,4,9,12' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_end=20) |
| '0,2,4,9,12-14,16-19' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_end=0) |
| '' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_start=-1) |
| '0,2,4,9,12-14' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15', range_end=-1) |
| '' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8', range_start=1, range_end=1) |
| '' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8', range_start=2, range_end=2) |
| '' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8', range_start=2, range_end=3) |
| '2' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8', range_start=-10, range_end=-5) |
| '' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('1,3,5-8', range_start=20, range_end=10) |
| '' |
| |
| >>> complement_int_list('') |
| '' |
| """ |
| int_list = set(parse_int_list(range_string, delim, range_delim)) |
| if range_end is None: |
| if int_list: |
| range_end = max(int_list) + 1 |
| else: |
| range_end = range_start |
| complement_values = set( |
| range(range_end)) - int_list - set(range(range_start)) |
| return format_int_list(complement_values, delim, range_delim) |
|
|
|
|
| def int_ranges_from_int_list(range_string, delim=',', range_delim='-'): |
| """ Transform a string of ranges (*range_string*) into a tuple of tuples. |
| |
| Args: |
| range_string (str): String of comma separated positive integers or |
| ranges (e.g. '1,2,4-6,8'). Typical of a custom page range string |
| used in printer dialogs. |
| delim (char): Defaults to ','. Separates integers and contiguous ranges |
| of integers. |
| range_delim (char): Defaults to '-'. Indicates a contiguous range of |
| integers. |
| |
| >>> int_ranges_from_int_list('1,3,5-8,10-11,15') |
| ((1, 1), (3, 3), (5, 8), (10, 11), (15, 15)) |
| |
| >>> int_ranges_from_int_list('1') |
| ((1, 1),) |
| |
| >>> int_ranges_from_int_list('') |
| () |
| """ |
| int_tuples = [] |
| |
| range_string = format_int_list( |
| parse_int_list(range_string, delim, range_delim)) |
| if range_string: |
| for bounds in range_string.split(','): |
| if '-' in bounds: |
| start, end = bounds.split('-') |
| else: |
| start, end = bounds, bounds |
| int_tuples.append((int(start), int(end))) |
| return tuple(int_tuples) |
|
|
|
|
| class MultiReplace: |
| """ |
| MultiReplace is a tool for doing multiple find/replace actions in one pass. |
| |
| Given a mapping of values to be replaced it allows for all of the matching |
| values to be replaced in a single pass which can save a lot of performance |
| on very large strings. In addition to simple replace, it also allows for |
| replacing based on regular expressions. |
| |
| Keyword Arguments: |
| |
| :type regex: bool |
| :param regex: Treat search keys as regular expressions [Default: False] |
| :type flags: int |
| :param flags: flags to pass to the regex engine during compile |
| |
| Dictionary Usage:: |
| |
| from boltons import strutils |
| s = strutils.MultiReplace({ |
| 'foo': 'zoo', |
| 'cat': 'hat', |
| 'bat': 'kraken' |
| }) |
| new = s.sub('The foo bar cat ate a bat') |
| new == 'The zoo bar hat ate a kraken' |
| |
| Iterable Usage:: |
| |
| from boltons import strutils |
| s = strutils.MultiReplace([ |
| ('foo', 'zoo'), |
| ('cat', 'hat'), |
| ('bat', 'kraken)' |
| ]) |
| new = s.sub('The foo bar cat ate a bat') |
| new == 'The zoo bar hat ate a kraken' |
| |
| |
| The constructor can be passed a dictionary or other mapping as well as |
| an iterable of tuples. If given an iterable, the substitution will be run |
| in the order the replacement values are specified in the iterable. This is |
| also true if it is given an OrderedDict. If given a dictionary then the |
| order will be non-deterministic:: |
| |
| >>> 'foo bar baz'.replace('foo', 'baz').replace('baz', 'bar') |
| 'bar bar bar' |
| >>> m = MultiReplace({'foo': 'baz', 'baz': 'bar'}) |
| >>> m.sub('foo bar baz') |
| 'baz bar bar' |
| |
| This is because the order of replacement can matter if you're inserting |
| something that might be replaced by a later substitution. Pay attention and |
| if you need to rely on order then consider using a list of tuples instead |
| of a dictionary. |
| """ |
|
|
| def __init__(self, sub_map, **kwargs): |
| """Compile any regular expressions that have been passed.""" |
| options = { |
| 'regex': False, |
| 'flags': 0, |
| } |
| options.update(kwargs) |
| self.group_map = {} |
| regex_values = [] |
|
|
| if isinstance(sub_map, Mapping): |
| sub_map = sub_map.items() |
|
|
| for idx, vals in enumerate(sub_map): |
| group_name = f'group{idx}' |
| if isinstance(vals[0], str): |
| |
| if not options['regex']: |
| exp = re.escape(vals[0]) |
| else: |
| exp = vals[0] |
| else: |
| exp = vals[0].pattern |
|
|
| regex_values.append(f'(?P<{group_name}>{exp})') |
| self.group_map[group_name] = vals[1] |
|
|
| self.combined_pattern = re.compile( |
| '|'.join(regex_values), |
| flags=options['flags'] |
| ) |
|
|
| def _get_value(self, match): |
| """Given a match object find replacement value.""" |
| group_dict = match.groupdict() |
| key = [x for x in group_dict if group_dict[x]][0] |
| return self.group_map[key] |
|
|
| def sub(self, text): |
| """ |
| Run substitutions on the input text. |
| |
| Given an input string, run all substitutions given in the |
| constructor. |
| """ |
| return self.combined_pattern.sub(self._get_value, text) |
|
|
|
|
| def multi_replace(text, sub_map, **kwargs): |
| """ |
| Shortcut function to invoke MultiReplace in a single call. |
| |
| Example Usage:: |
| |
| from boltons.strutils import multi_replace |
| new = multi_replace( |
| 'The foo bar cat ate a bat', |
| {'foo': 'zoo', 'cat': 'hat', 'bat': 'kraken'} |
| ) |
| new == 'The zoo bar hat ate a kraken' |
| """ |
| m = MultiReplace(sub_map, **kwargs) |
| return m.sub(text) |
|
|
|
|
| def unwrap_text(text, ending='\n\n'): |
| r""" |
| Unwrap text, the natural complement to :func:`textwrap.wrap`. |
| |
| >>> text = "Short \n lines \nwrapped\nsmall.\n\nAnother\nparagraph." |
| >>> unwrap_text(text) |
| 'Short lines wrapped small.\n\nAnother paragraph.' |
| |
| Args: |
| text: A string to unwrap. |
| ending (str): The string to join all unwrapped paragraphs |
| by. Pass ``None`` to get the list. Defaults to '\n\n' for |
| compatibility with Markdown and RST. |
| |
| """ |
| all_grafs = [] |
| cur_graf = [] |
| for line in text.splitlines(): |
| line = line.strip() |
| if line: |
| cur_graf.append(line) |
| else: |
| all_grafs.append(' '.join(cur_graf)) |
| cur_graf = [] |
| if cur_graf: |
| all_grafs.append(' '.join(cur_graf)) |
| if ending is None: |
| return all_grafs |
| return ending.join(all_grafs) |
|
|
| def removeprefix(text: str, prefix: str) -> str: |
| r""" |
| Remove `prefix` from start of `text` if present. |
| |
| Backport of `str.removeprefix` for Python versions less than 3.9. |
| |
| Args: |
| text: A string to remove the prefix from. |
| prefix: The string to remove from the beginning of `text`. |
| """ |
| if text.startswith(prefix): |
| return text[len(prefix):] |
| return text |
|
|
