participant_id
int64
1
128
Employment_Status
stringclasses
5 values
Income
stringclasses
6 values
Hispanic
stringclasses
2 values
familiar_Cancer
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_Heart_disease
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_Accidents
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_Stroke
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_Chronic_lower_respiratory_diseases
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_Alzheimers
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_Nephritis
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_Diabetes
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_Chronic_liver_disease
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_Obesity
stringclasses
5 values
familiar_COVID_19
stringclasses
4 values
familiar_Depression
stringclasses
5 values
Which is a fruit?
stringclasses
1 value
interested_Cancer
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Heart_disease
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Accidents
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Stroke
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Chronic_lower_respiratory_diseases
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Alzheimers
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Nephritis
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Diabetes
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Chronic_liver_disease
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Obesity
stringclasses
5 values
interested_COVID_19
stringclasses
5 values
interested_Depression
stringclasses
5 values
method_Cancer
stringclasses
7 values
method_Heart_disease
stringclasses
7 values
method_Accidents
stringclasses
7 values
method_Stroke
stringclasses
7 values
method_Chronic_lower_respiratory_diseases
stringclasses
7 values
method_Alzheimers
stringclasses
7 values
method_Nephritis
stringclasses
7 values
method_Diabetes
stringclasses
7 values
method_Chronic_liver_disease
stringclasses
7 values
method_Obesity
stringclasses
7 values
method_COVID-19
stringclasses
7 values
method_Depression
stringclasses
7 values
Would you like to participate in the next stage of this study?
stringclasses
1 value
Do you currently have any chronic health conditions? (If yes, please list them.)
stringlengths
2
202
How often do you use artificial intelligence tools (e.g., ChatGPT, Gemini)?
stringclasses
7 values
What kinds of questions do you usually ask AI tools (e.g., health, academics, etc., )? (Please describe in a few words or sentences.)
stringlengths
6
365
What AI tools do you use? (Select all that apply)
stringclasses
19 values
How often do you need help reading or understanding medical materials (such as instructions, pamphlets, or forms)?
stringclasses
5 values
A medication reduces the risk of disease from 10% to 5%. How much has the risk decreased?
stringclasses
2 values
How confident are you in your ability to find reliable health information online to answer your health-related questions?
stringclasses
5 values
When you want to learn more about a health topic, what do you usually do? (Select all that apply)
stringlengths
21
262
What are your main reasons for searching for health information online? (Select all that apply)
stringclasses
24 values
Please list up to three websites you have recently used to look for health-related information (such as news sites, blogs, or medical websites). Please DO NOT include video platforms, social media platforms, search engines, or AI chatbots (e.g., YouTube, Tiktok, Instagram, Google, Bing, ChatGPT, Gemini). Separate each website with a comma. Note: To receive payment, please make sure your response includes only eligible websites.
stringlengths
5
88
How reliable do you consider each of the following sources of health information? [Scientific Journal Articles]
stringclasses
5 values
How reliable do you consider each of the following sources of health information? [Government or public health organizations (CDC, NIH, WHO)]
stringclasses
5 values
How reliable do you consider each of the following sources of health information? [General Health Websites (WebMD, Mayo Clinic)]
stringclasses
5 values
How reliable do you consider each of the following sources of health information? [News Media]
stringclasses
5 values
How reliable do you consider each of the following sources of health information? [Social Media Platforms]
stringclasses
5 values
How do you usually decide whether the health information you find online is reliable? (Select all that apply)
stringlengths
44
293
Write a sentence about what you had for dinner last night
stringlengths
10
169
How often do you verify health information you find online with a healthcare professional?
stringclasses
5 values
1
Employed full-time
$75,000–$99,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
no
Daily
I usually ask him questions to help me plan projects
ChatGPT, Copilot (Microsoft)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
reddit, webmd
Very reliable
Slightly reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had a cheeseburger for dinner.
Most of the time
2
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
Interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Treatment
Yes
I don't have any chronic health conditions. N/A
A few times a month
I use AI tools to research topics I'm interested in want to learn more about, so I will ask it questions to receive relevant information on such topics.
ChatGPT
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
Mayo Clinic, WebMD
Very reliable
Not reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I had a creamy chicken and vegetable stew over white rice.
Most of the time
3
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Very interested
A little interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Very interested
A little interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Very interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Carpal tunnel, Migraines, Diabetes
Daily
I usually ask them about what something means like a word or sentence.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
reddit.com, mayoclinic.org, diabetes.org
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I follow what others share on social media, I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I had spaghetti, pizza and cheez its.
Most of the time
4
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Yes, depression
A few times a month
general information questions
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Rarely
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
Web MD, Healthline, Verywell Health
Reliable
Not reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before.
I had chicken and broccoli with pasta.
Rarely
5
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
No
A few times a week
General idea generation
ChatGPT, Copilot (Microsoft)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
webmd
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic)
I had waffles and sausage for dinner last night.
Sometimes
6
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
high cholesteral
Daily
personal and financial
ChatGPT
Sometimes
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
I had a cheeseburger and potato chips with dip
Most of the time
7
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
Interested
A little interested
Very interested
Interested
Very interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Yes
Depression, Bipolar Disorder
A few times a month
Questions about my anxiety
ChatGPT
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
WebMD, Local portal from clinics, Mayo Clinic
Reliable
Reliable
Very reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic)
I had chicken and fries for dinner, but I didn't feel like eating much else because I wasn't feeling well mentally.
Always
8
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Yes
diabetes, depression, ptsd, fibromylgia, degeneritive disc disease, chronic pain
Daily
I ask whatever i don't know about. Cooking, movies, hobbies, health, investments. Anything im curious about.
Copilot (Microsoft)
Sometimes
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
webmd, reddit
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
I had grilled chicken wings with spicy garlic sauce.
Sometimes
9
Unemployed
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
depression
Never
null
null
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Use social media (Instagram, Tiktok, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
mayoclinic, webmd, reddit
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I follow what others share on social media, I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before.
Last night for dinner I had ground beef and eggs.
Rarely
10
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Interested
Interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
No
Daily
I ask it to edit documents and emails. I also ask it food questions.
ChatGPT
Sometimes
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
Mayoclinic.org, WebMD.com, CDC.Gov
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before.
I had cheese pizza.
Sometimes
11
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Yes
no
A few times a year
with help researching things
Gemini (Google)
I don’t read medical materials
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
webmd
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic)
I had some black bean ramen noodles.
Never
12
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
none
A few times a week
general information on various topics
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To help someone
WebMD
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before.
I had grilled chicken, rice and macaroni salad.
Sometimes
13
Employed full-time
Less than $25,000
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
none
Less often than once a year
General questions about world events
ChatGPT
I don’t read medical materials
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis
WebMD, CDC, WHO
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right"
I had rice and vegetables.
Never
14
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Not interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
ulcerative colitis arthritis fibro depression anxiety
Never
null
null
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
google, tiktok, facebook
Not reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I go with my intuition or what “feels right"
I had beef stew last night.
Rarely
15
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
OCD
Never
null
null
Rarely
5%
Neutral
Ask healthcare professionals
To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD
Reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
I had beans and sausage for dinner.
Always
16
Student
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Very interested
Very interested
Interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Interested
A little interested
Interested
Interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Depression, anxiety, OCD
Daily
Health, learning, recipes, general information, plans, guidance
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
Mayo Clinic, WebMD, Cleveland Clinic
Very reliable
Very reliable
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
I had homemade spaghetti and meatballs with garlic bread sticks!
Sometimes
17
Employed full-time
Less than $25,000
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
No
A few times a week
Research or goal planning
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
Google, Healthline, NCBI
Very reliable
Very reliable
Very reliable
Very reliable
Very reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before.
I didn't eat dinner last night.
Never
18
Employed full-time
$75,000–$99,999
No
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Management
Yes
No
A few times a week
I ask what medicine is good for the symptoms. I ask which vitamins to use and about drug interactions.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Claude, Copilot (Microsoft)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
WebMD, Healthline, MayoClinic
Reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before.
I had tuna salad on crackers for dinner last night.
Rarely
19
Employed part-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Interested
A little interested
Very interested
Interested
Very interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Yes
Autoimmune gastritis
A few times a week
I mostly use AI tools for academic purposes, such as generating varied math word problems for my students, drafting lesson plans, and creating grading rubrics.
ChatGPT, Claude
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
Mayo Clinic, CDC, WebMD
Very reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I made myself a simple chicken stir-fry with broccoli and rice.
Sometimes
20
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Yes
Chronic Kidney disease, Diabetes
A few times a month
Random things like ideas and planning for days and events.
ChatGPT
I don’t read medical materials
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
webmd
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had a big mac because it was cheap and I did not feel like cooking.
Most of the time
21
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Yes
null
Daily
Recipes, gift ideas, information on tv, any random question I have
Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
Mayo Clinic, Cleveland clinic, medfast.com/urgent care
Reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
Last night I had a slice of white pizza with tomatoes and basil on it.
Rarely
22
Unemployed
$50,000–$74,999
Yes
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
hypothyroidism, dysthymic depression, ptsd, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder
Never
null
null
Rarely
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
Cleveland Clinic, Healthline, National Institutes of Health
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I had tonkatsu ramen and it really hurt my stomach.
Always
23
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Depression
Daily
I ask for a lot of help related to coding and research
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Claude
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
webmd, reddit, pubmed
Very reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before.
Last night I made bbq chicken with potatoes and broccoli.
Most of the time
24
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Very interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Treatment
Treatment
Management, Prevention
Management
Treatment
Management
Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Management
Prevention
Management
Yes
no
A few times a week
academics
ChatGPT
Sometimes
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
webmd
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic)
I had burgers and fries for dinner last night.
Sometimes
25
Employed full-time
$75,000–$99,999
Yes
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
Anxiety
A few times a week
Writing summaries, proofreading
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Claude, Copilot (Microsoft)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To help someone
MayoClinic, CDC.gov, CleavelandClinic, WHO, JohnHopkins
Very reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
I made sliced chicken with broccoli, garlic, cherry tomatos smashed cream sauce and penne pasta.
Sometimes
26
Employed part-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Treatment
Prevention
Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Acid reflux
Daily
Summarization, brainstorming ideas, tech-related questions
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
Mayo Clinic, CDC, NIH, NHS
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
I had gnocchi with mushrooms and spinach.
Sometimes
27
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Selective mutism
Daily
Code, research, health
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask friends or family, Use social media (Instagram, Tiktok, etc.,), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
Selective Mutism Association, Cleveland Clinic
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before.
I practice intermittent fasting and had more of a late lunch of some pork and vegetables at a friend's house followed by some snacks like popcorn and pistachios at home.
Sometimes
28
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
Yes
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Management
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Management
Management, Prevention
Treatment
Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Yes
Cerebral Palsy
A few times a week
Information seeking and improving work
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
webmd.com, mayoclinic.com
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I did not eat dinner last night, though there was soup available.
Sometimes
29
Employed part-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
A little interested
Interested
Very interested
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
A little interested
Interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Yes
Failed Back Syndrome, Neuropathy, Depression, Sinusitis, Anxiety Disorder, Obesity, Fibromyalgia, Chronic Pain, Asthma
A few times a month
General knowledge
Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
https://www.webmd.com, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/, https://www.mayoclinic.org/
Very reliable
Very reliable
Very reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
Last night, I ate a tortilla wrap with lettuce, turkey breast, peppers and cheese.
Sometimes
30
Unemployed
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Very interested
A little interested
Interested
A little interested
Very interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Depression, PTSD, prediabetes, tendonitis/impingement
Daily
financial, health, cooking, baking, child development
Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
Very Well Health, WebMD, Cleveland Clinic
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
Last night I had the best cheeseburger with BBQ onions and homemade fries I've had in years.
Sometimes
31
Employed full-time
$75,000–$99,999
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
A little interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Degenerative disc disease
A few times a week
I ask academic questions, seeking summaries of inforamtion.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To help someone
Webmd, mayo clinic, john's hopkins
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
Last night I ate chicken with salad.
Rarely
32
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Yes
no
A few times a week
emails or information
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
webmd,roswellpark,mayoclinic
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had pasta and meatballs for dinner last night.
Most of the time
33
Unemployed
$25,000–$49,999
Yes
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
A little interested
Interested
A little interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Management
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Yes
Not yet diagnosed
Never
null
null
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat unconfident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
Web MD, Cleaveland Clinic
Very reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I had chicken and dill pickle salad!
Rarely
34
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Depression, POTS, hypothyroid
A few times a year
I use it to summarize open-ended survey responses
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Reddit (might be considered social media?)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
Cleveland clinic, mayo clinic, johns hopkins
Very reliable
Reliable
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
Last night I had home-made lasagna, asparagus, bread, and salad.
Most of the time
35
Student
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management
Prevention
Management
Yes
No
Daily
Academic, general
Gemini (Google)
Sometimes
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To help someone
www.cdc.gov, www.nih.gov, www.who.int
Very reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before.
I had my usual dinner of rice with some beef and eggs.
Sometimes
36
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Management
Management
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Yes
Diabetes, chronic shoulder pain, trigger finger, high blood pressure, PCOS, Raynaud's
A few times a week
health, recipes, suggestions for activities or destinations
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To help someone
https://medlineplus.gov, https://www.mayoclinic.org, https://www.nih.gov/
Very reliable
Not reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I made a baked pasta dish with homemade vegan ricotta and garlic bread
Sometimes
37
Employed part-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Very interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
diabetes
Daily
health, everyday questions
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use social media (Instagram, Tiktok, etc.,), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
facebook groups, webmd, mayo clinic
Not reliable
Not reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Very reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I follow what others share on social media, I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
Last night for dinner I had eggs, sausage, and waffles with butter and syrup.
Sometimes
38
Employed part-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Not interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
Interested
Treatment
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
No
Daily
Curiosity or odd research, help with daily tasks
Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To help someone
mayoclinic, cdc.gov
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before.
I had home made olive garden.
Sometimes
39
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Treatment
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Yes
No
A few times a month
Usually to review my emails before sending them out.
ChatGPT
Sometimes
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
Mayo Clinic, WebMD, CDC
Very reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before.
I ate baked pork chops with rice and broccoli.
Rarely
40
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Very interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Epilepsy, GERD, Endometriosis
A few times a week
I usually play text-adventure games with the AI tools and have them generate and play games with me, with the AI acting as a game master
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Claude
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
Mayo Clinic, New York Times, AP
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I made a frozen Costco thin crust pepperoni pizza and split it with my aunt who lives with me
Sometimes
41
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Very interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Not interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
diabetes, obesity,depression, cancer (in remission)
Less often than once a year
math problems
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
duke university, webmd, american cancer society
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I ordered Little Caesars pizza.
Most of the time
42
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Yes
Heart failure
A few times a month
Research questions, day to day knowledge questions
Gemini (Google)
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
Mayoclinic.com, cdc.com, nih.com
Very reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
Last night I skipped dinner because I wasn't hungry.
Sometimes
43
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Very familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
high blood pressure
Never
null
null
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had a chicken thigh and onions cooked in the oven and a salad.
Sometimes
44
Retired
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
no
A few times a week
DIY questions or problem solving.
ChatGPT
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To learn about prevention or healthy habits
WebMD, Google, Mayo clinic
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
Last night I had blueberries and yogurt for dinner.
Sometimes
45
Employed full-time
$150,000 or more
No
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
null
A few times a week
I use to supplement my work particularly around small coding tasks.
Gemini (Google)
Sometimes
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
webmd.com, mayoclinic.com, wikipedia.com
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had a smashburger and fries.
Most of the time
46
Employed part-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Interested
Interested
Very interested
Very interested
Not interested
Not interested
Interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Possible Liver Disease/Cirrohsis, Pre-diabetes, Severe Ecemema
Daily
Answers to daily questions including treatments as well as verification of facts.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Never
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
Mayo Clinic, WebMD
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had mushroom pasta with marinana sause.
Always
47
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
No
A few times a month
I ask health questions and I use it for drafting my writing.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Sometimes
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
Healthline, WebMD, Dr.Berg
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before.
I had a open faced turkey sandwich on almond flour bread.
Rarely
48
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Osteoarthritis, Psychiatric conditions
A few times a month
Calorie estimate for recipes
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
PubMed, NHS, WHO, Wikipedia
Very reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
I had a dinner that was purely white chocolate chips and a tortilla with syrup. straight up Elf'ing it
Sometimes
49
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
No
A few times a week
Normal daily life things such as cooking times and temperatures ect...
Gemini (Google)
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
I do to see what is or isn't reason for concern
Web MD
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I trust sources I’ve used before.
Beef gravy on ground beef patties and .mashed potatoes.
Never
50
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
A little interested
A little interested
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Yes
Obesity, Hypertension, Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Daily
Research on complex engineering topics; support for work related decision making; synthesis of new ideas for exploration; general inquiries related to health, shopping, politics, taxes etc.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Claude, Copilot (Microsoft)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD, Medine Plus, Mayo Clinic
Very reliable
Very reliable
Very reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had a home-made meal mashed potatoes and chicken and a glass of water.
Most of the time
51
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
No
A few times a month
How to rewrite emails/conversations, writing content, help with brainstorming
ChatGPT, Copilot (Microsoft)
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
Reddit
Reliable
Not reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had a salad with chicken for dinner.
Most of the time
52
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Interested
Prevention
Prevention
Management
Management
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Yes
depression
Daily
help writing emails and reports for work
ChatGPT
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites)
To get reassurance or a second opinion
webmd, mayoclinic
Reliable
Reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic)
I had leftover pizza.
Most of the time
53
Employed full-time
Less than $25,000
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Management
Prevention
Management
Management
Treatment
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management
Prevention
Treatment
Management
Management
Treatment, Prevention
Yes
none
A few times a month
how to solve health issues i have
ChatGPT, Copilot (Microsoft)
Sometimes
10%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
webmd, youtube, facebook
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
meatball subs
Most of the time
54
Employed full-time
Less than $25,000
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
HIV
Daily
technical information for projects im working on mainly
ChatGPT, Copilot (Microsoft)
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Ask healthcare professionals, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To get reassurance or a second opinion
web md
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I check with my physician
i had a bacon cheeseburger
Always
55
Employed full-time
$150,000 or more
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
obesity
Daily
Coding, summarize
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To learn about prevention or healthy habits
webmd, cleveland clinc
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Very reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
Last night I had shrimp and a cucumber salad and hummus.
Always
56
Retired
Less than $25,000
No
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Apple
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
Chronic pain
Never
null
null
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
Google
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Very reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I check with my physician
The BBQ sandwiches we had for dinner last night were fantastic.
Most of the time
57
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
No
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
A little interested
Treatment, Prevention
Management
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management
Management
Management
Management
Management
Management
Management
Yes
diabetes, high blood pressure, COPD
Daily
work related, health
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Sometimes
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To get reassurance or a second opinion
web md, grok, chatgpt.
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
i had fish sticks and mac and cheese for dinner last night.
Most of the time
58
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management
Yes
depression/anxiety
A few times a week
Quick answers for health questions, bloodwork interpretation, or to create tests/assignments for work
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use social media (Instagram, Tiktok, etc.,), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To get reassurance or a second opinion
Cleveland Clinic, Mayo Clinic, webbed
Very reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I had a chimichanga, rice and beans.
Sometimes
59
Employed full-time
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
Chronic pain.
Daily
Stock market news, quick answers to questions.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Sometimes
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
Gemini, WebMD
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
My wife made chicken with corn and potatoes.
Sometimes
60
Unemployed
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
none
A few times a week
questions about loosing weight, general health queries, other daily questions.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Often
5%
Somewhat unconfident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
webmd, mayoclinic
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I had beans and cornbread for dinner.
Sometimes
61
Employed part-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Yes
no
A few times a week
I have it write descriptions for Etsy items I list or books I list through KDP
ChatGPT
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
Mayo Clinic,
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
I had frozen pizza.
Never
62
Employed full-time
$150,000 or more
No
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
No
Never
null
null
Never
5%
Somewhat unconfident
Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
Washington Post
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic)
I ate chicken and fries
Rarely
63
Employed part-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
none
Daily
how is the weather
ChatGPT
Sometimes
10%
Somewhat unconfident
Search online (Websites), Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
webMD
Reliable
Very reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I check with my physician
Taquitos and garden salad.
Sometimes
64
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Interested
A little interested
A little interested
Very interested
A little interested
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Yes
Not sure?
A few times a month
Entertaining things for fun, or even sometimes a serious question.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
HeathMD I believe it is called, Random Blogs which I cannot recall who wrote them
Reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I follow what others share on social media, I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before.
I ate pizza for dinner last night!
Rarely
65
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
Yes
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
no
A few times a week
Ideas or make pictures for me for something im working on.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis
webmd, the mayo clinic, reddit
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I made chicken with a baked potato and side salad.
Sometimes
66
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Very familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Treatment, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Management
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Management
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Management
Management, Prevention
Yes
No
A few times a week
How to debug and fix the code I am working on.
ChatGPT, Copilot (Microsoft)
I don’t read medical materials
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
WebMD, Healthline, MedlinePlus
Very reliable
Reliable
Very reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
Last night for dinner I had a pepper jack and turkey sandwich with some chips on the side.
Never
67
Employed full-time
$150,000 or more
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
high blood pressure, high cholesterol
Daily
data analysis, information search, generating code
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Claude, Copilot (Microsoft)
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
WebMD.com, CDC.gov, UPMC.com
Very reliable
Very reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had a chicken salad.
Most of the time
68
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Management
Treatment
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Yes
Depression
Never
null
null
I don’t read medical materials
5%
Not confident
Search online (Websites), Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To get reassurance or a second opinion
Cleveland clinic, Mayo clinic, Quora
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
I had a banana for dinner last night, I wanted something light and it was already in my room.
Rarely
69
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Interested
A little interested
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Yes
Chron's Disease, Low Iron Anemia
Daily
I mainly use AI tools it for work; Most often for summaries and rewrites, but sometimes for image generation. On the rare chance that I have asked a medical question, I am vigilant in ensuring the sources used are accurate and reputable.
ChatGPT, Midjourney
Rarely
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To help someone
Mayo Clinic, Medline Plus, WebMD
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before.
Last night I had chicken quesadillas with a hot honey sour cream.
Sometimes
70
Employed full-time
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Yes
obestity
A few times a week
personal stuff and work projects
ChatGPT
Rarely
10%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
YouTube
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before.
I had a burger with chilli fries.
Sometimes
71
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
No
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Yes
High blood pressure
A few times a week
I typically ask questions that I don't feel Google can answer thoroughly enough. Usually they're information seeking questions but occasionally I ask AI to help me prioritize a to do list/
ChatGPT
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD, Mayo Clinic, Cleveland Clinic
Very reliable
Reliable
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
Last night we got home late so we ended up eating peanut butter and fluff sandwiches
Most of the time
72
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management
Yes
COPD, migraines
A few times a year
I ask about blood test results
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic)
We had cheesy sloppy Joes and macaroni and cheese.
Most of the time
73
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
No
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
no
Daily
health questions or task reminders
Gemini (Google)
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
medlineplus.gov, mayoclinic.org, webmd.com
Very reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had pizza for dinner last night.
Always
74
Employed full-time
$150,000 or more
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
none
A few times a week
work research
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Somewhat unconfident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD.com, RealSelf.com
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
Last night for dinner I had peanut butter on toast.
Sometimes
75
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
Yes
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Type 1 Diabetes
Daily
Sports, Politics
ChatGPT
Sometimes
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
CDC.Gov Mayoclinic.org Medlineplus.gov
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I follow what others share on social media, I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I had white rice, red beans and baked chicken.
Most of the time
76
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Yes
no
A few times a week
academics, research etc
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat unconfident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use social media (Instagram, Tiktok, etc.,), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
webmd,
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with my physician
I ate fire roasted corn and brussel sprouts.
Most of the time
77
Employed full-time
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
Marfan Syndrome, Asthma, Chronic Pain(scoliosis spinal fusion surgery)
Daily
recipes, random thoughts, philosophical, quantum mechanics
Gemini (Google), perplexity
Never
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone, To extend my knowledge
https://www.webmd.com/
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
Somewhat Reliable
I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before., It depends. On things like a cold i'll use any old source, but when it comes to a fatal disease that ultimatels ends up being "treated" instead of cured in order for the elites to get rich, i trust few resources.
I roasted a roast all night and most of the day with potatoes and I made some iron skillet cornbread.
Never
78
Employed full-time
$100,000–$149,999
Yes
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Very interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Management
Management
Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
stage 4 lung cancer, diabetes type 2 , hypertension, epilepsy
Daily
work related, planning, health, entertainment
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask friends or family, Use social media (Instagram, Tiktok, etc.,), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
mayo clinic, webmd, doctronic
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I check with ChatGPT
I ate spaghetti with garlic bread and brussel sprouts on the side.
Most of the time
79
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Depression, Generalized Anxiety, Social Anxiety
Daily
Health, academics, legal, entertainment
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Claude, Copilot (Microsoft), Perplexity
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
Cleveland Clinic, Mayo Clinic, WebMD
Very reliable
Reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT
I ordered a FlameThrower Chicken Strip Basket from Dairy Queen (spicy chicken strips, fries, Texas toast); I had a glass of Coca-Cola with it.
Always
80
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
Yes
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Very interested
Interested
Very interested
Interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
Not Applicable
Daily
I regularly ask questions regarding coding assignments, solutions to daily stressors, and mental health
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Rarely
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
https://www.webmd.com/, https://www.medscape.com/, https://www.healthline.com/
Very reliable
Very reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
I had pasta bolognese and a side of caprese salad I made at home.
Always
81
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
Yes
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Interested
Not interested
Interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Yes
No
A few times a year
Relationship advice
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD, Mayo Clinic, CDC
Reliable
Very reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
I had tuna mixed with mayo on top of bread slices.
Rarely
82
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment
Management
Management
Yes
Depression
Never
null
null
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To get reassurance or a second opinion, Writing research
WebMD, Mayo Clinic
Very reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before.
Last night I had some leftover macaroni and cheese with some mushrooms and bell peppers.
Sometimes
83
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Apple
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Not interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
hypothyroidism
A few times a year
I ask it to identify songs. Or, things about products I might buy, like on Amazon. I also ask a lot of just general knowledge questions about things like streaming shows, food, my pet, geographic locations, etc.
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
https://www.agingcare.com/, https://www.healthinaging.org/, https://myhealth.alberta.ca/
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I ate vegetable (Soy Sauce flavor) Top Ramen soup with tons of broccoli, some green onions and mushrooms.
Sometimes
84
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Treatment
Management
Treatment
Treatment
Management
Management
Management
Management
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Management
Yes
Jo
Daily
Nothing
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Not confident
Ask healthcare professionals, Use social media (Instagram, Tiktok, etc.,)
To get reassurance or a second opinion
YouTube
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
I compare the information with other reliable websites.
Spaghetti
Sometimes
85
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
anxiety
A few times a week
health, recipes, facts and information about random things I encounter
Gemini (Google), Copilot (Microsoft)
Never
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
NIH, Cleveland Clinic, Mayo Clinic
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
I had sausage and eggs.
Most of the time
86
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
No
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Very interested
Very interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Very interested
Interested
Very interested
Interested
Interested
Very interested
Treatment, Management
Management
Treatment, Management
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Management
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management
Management
Yes
no
Daily
Everyday life issues.
ChatGPT
Sometimes
10%
Neutral
Ask friends or family
To find treatment options or medications
google
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic)
Had spahetti and meatballs and some garlic bread.
Sometimes
87
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Yes
no
A few times a month
general interest and weather
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Somewhat unconfident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD
Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
I go with my intuition or what “feels right"
last night I had pizza for dinner
Never
88
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Very interested
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
No
Once a year
Academics
ChatGPT
I don’t read medical materials
5%
Not confident
Search online (Websites), Ask friends or family
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis
webmd, google, yahoo
Very reliable
Very reliable
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic)
Ravioli bake
Sometimes
89
Employed full-time
$25,000–$49,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Treatment
Treatment, Management
Treatment
Management
Treatment
Management
Treatment
Management
Management
Yes
Depression
Daily
Health general questions
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Often
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
Google, yahoo , chat gpt
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
I compare the information with other reliable websites., I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
I ate burger king before I went to the movie
Sometimes
90
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
No
Daily
Funny sayings and puns
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
NIH, WebMD, Harvard health
Very reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
I has a taco salad for dinner last night.
Sometimes
91
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Apple
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
A little interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Management
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Yes
no
A few times a week
to make videos and answer questions
ChatGPT
Rarely
5%
Somewhat unconfident
Ask healthcare professionals
i don't search online
no websites have been visited
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I check with my physician
I had shawarma for dinner last night
Sometimes
92
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Very interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Yes
No
A few times a week
About health, work-related, financial advice, really anything
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Often
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
Mayoclinic, webmd, kff health news
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I trust sources I’ve used before.
We went out to a college basketball game so we ate on campus. I have a turkey club sandwich.
Sometimes
93
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Very familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Not familiar at all
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Very interested
Not interested
Not interested
Very interested
Not interested
Not interested
Very interested
Prevention
Management
Treatment
Management
Management
Prevention
Management
Management
Treatment
Management
Management
Treatment
Yes
depression
Never
null
null
I don’t read medical materials
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications
WebMD, GoodRX, UCLA
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
I compare the information with other reliable websites.
The Chicken Fajitas are sizzling
Never
94
Unemployed
Less than $25,000
No
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Familiar
Not familiar at all
Apple
Interested
Interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Not interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Not interested
Treatment
Treatment
Management
Treatment
Management
Management
Management
Treatment
Treatment
Treatment
Management
Management
Yes
no
A few times a week
stuff like investing / stocks / day trading / stuff about money etc
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Rarely
5%
Neutral
Search online (Websites), Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To help someone
google chat gpt tiktok
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I check with ChatGPT, I check with my physician
i had tacos with some soda and also made root bear floats
Most of the time
95
Unemployed
$25,000–$49,999
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Prevention
Yes
no
A few times a month
mainly diagnosis
Gemini (Google),
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To get reassurance or a second opinion
WebMD, Mayoclinic.org, cdc.gov
Not reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Very reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I check with my physician
Last night for dinner I had a sandwich and chips.
Rarely
96
Employed full-time
$75,000–$99,999
No
Familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
A little interested
Interested
A little interested
Interested
Not interested
Moderately interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
Arthritis, obesity, high blood pressure
A few times a week
Homework help and drafting ideas, general questions, news updates, photo requests like editing,
ChatGPT, Copilot (Microsoft)
Never
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask friends or family, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,), Chatbots that appear when I use search engines like Google or Bing
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
webmd, Quorra, Reddit
Very reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Somewhat Reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I go with my intuition or what “feels right", I trust sources I’ve used before., I check with ChatGPT
Last night I ate a sandwich from wawa that i shared with my best friend after a night of drinking.
Rarely
97
Employed full-time
$150,000 or more
No
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
A little interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management
Prevention
Treatment, Management
Treatment, Management
Yes
psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis
Daily
lit review support, sometimes brainstorming
Claude
Rarely
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits
medline, pubmed, google
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Not reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
I had cheese crackers and grapes
Sometimes
98
Employed part-time
Less than $25,000
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Moderately familiar
Moderately familiar
Slightly familiar
Apple
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Moderately interested
Interested
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Management, Prevention
Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
No
A few times a week
Healthy meals, types of songs, help with my child's homework
ChatGPT, Gemini (Google)
Sometimes
5%
Somewhat confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use social media (Instagram, Tiktok, etc.,), Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To help someone
WebMD, Mayoclinic, AMA
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with my physician
I had chicken and cottage cheese and cucumbers.
Sometimes
99
Employed full-time
$50,000–$74,999
No
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Very familiar
Apple
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Interested
Very interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Moderately interested
Not interested
Not interested
Interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Management, Prevention
Yes
high blood pressure
Daily
email formatting, product comparison, creative purposes for pictures for kids books
ChatGPT
Sometimes
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To find treatment options or medications, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion, To help someone
webmd.com, cdc.gov, healthline.com
Reliable
Reliable
Reliable
Slightly reliable
Not reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites.
Last night I had chili for dinner.
Rarely
100
Employed part-time
$150,000 or more
No
Slightly familiar
Slightly familiar
Very familiar
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Moderately familiar
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Not familiar at all
Slightly familiar
Familiar
Slightly familiar
Apple
Moderately interested
Not interested
Not interested
Interested
Not interested
Interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Not interested
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment
Management, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Treatment, Prevention
Prevention
Prevention
Yes
no
Daily
how to interpret my annual physical exam or blood work results. Financial help.
Gemini (Google)
Sometimes
5%
Very confident
Search online (Websites), Ask healthcare professionals, Use Artifical Intelligence (like chatbots i.e. Gemini, ChatGPT, etc.,)
To understand symptoms or a diagnosis, To learn about prevention or healthy habits, To get reassurance or a second opinion
atriumhealth.org; uclahealth.org; tim.blog
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Reliable
Somewhat Reliable
Slightly reliable
It comes from a trusted organization (e.g., CDC, Mayo Clinic), I compare the information with other reliable websites., I check with ChatGPT
I had a delicious salmon dinner with potatoes last night.
Sometimes