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license: mit
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---
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license: mit
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---
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## PreGRES: A Large-Scale Geospatial Dataset Collection
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**PreGRES** is a large-scale structured collection of existing smaller-scale geospatial datasets, designed for fine-tuning vision-language models in remote sensing applications. It integrates multiple sources, each contributing to different aspects of geospatial data understanding.
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The datasets within PreGRES provide coverage across three major tasks:
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---
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### 1. Image Captioning
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- **NWPU-Captions** (Cheng et al., 2022)
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- **RSICD** (Lu et al., 2017)
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- **RSITMD** (Yuan et al., 2022b)
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- **Sydney-Captions** (Qu et al., 2016)
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- **UCM-Captions** (Qu et al., 2016)
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These datasets contribute paired image-text data and contain long-form descriptions of top-down imagery across diverse geospatial environments, enhancing language supervision.
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### 2. Visual Question Answering (VQA)
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- **RSVQA LR** and **RSVQA HR** (Lobry et al., 2020)
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- **FloodNet** (Rahnemoonfar et al., 2021)
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- **RSIVQA** (Zheng et al., 2021)
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These datasets include structured question-answer pairs supporting reasoning over aerial and satellite images, covering tasks such as object identification, scene understanding, and disaster assessment.
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### 3. Visual Grounding / Region-Level Captioning
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- **DIOR-RSVG** (Zhan et al., 2023): Paired text-image data for object localization and spatial reference resolution.
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- **NWPU-RESISC45** (Cheng et al., 2017): Scene classification labels.
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---
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### Dataset Statistics
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- **Images**: 119,279
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- **Question-Answer Pairs**: 1,204,993
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PreGRES is used in the first-stage pre-training of the **LISAT** model, enabling general-purpose geospatial question answering.
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> For more details on dataset composition, see **Table C.9** in our [paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.02829).
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