diff --git "a/data/GCS/155-data.ndjson" "b/data/GCS/155-data.ndjson" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/data/GCS/155-data.ndjson" @@ -0,0 +1,1000 @@ +{"input": "cut -f I -s maintenance_script.sh", "input_args": ["cut", "f I", "-s", "maintenance_script.sh"], "output": "cut: invalid field value 'I'\nTry 'cut --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.1, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238000} +{"input": "mkdir --parents -Z --version -Z -m g- -Z --mode=u- dir1", "input_args": ["mkdir", "--parents", "-Z", "--version", "-Z", "-m g-", "-Z", "--mode=u-", "dir1"], "output": "mkdir (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by David MacKenzie.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5054545454545455, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238001} +{"input": "tail /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/server_archive.log | rev -h", "input_args": ["tail", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/server_archive.log", "|", "rev", "-h"], "output": "Usage: rev [options] [file ...]\n\nReverse lines characterwise.\n\nOptions:\n -h, --help display this help\n -V, --version display version\n\nFor more details see rev(1).", "exit_code": 141, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238002} +{"input": "curl -h 10.100.116.150/downloads/archives/archive.zip", "input_args": ["curl", "-h", "10.100.116.150/downloads/archives/archive.zip"], "output": "Usage: curl [options...] \nInvalid category provided, here is a list of all categories:\n\n auth Different types of authentication methods\n connection Low level networking operations\n curl The command line tool itself\n dns General DNS options\n file FILE protocol options\n ftp FTP protocol options\n http HTTP and HTTPS protocol options\n imap IMAP protocol options\n misc Options that don't fit into any other category\n output Filesystem output\n pop3 POP3 protocol options\n post HTTP Post specific options\n proxy All options related to proxies\n scp SCP protocol options\n sftp SFTP protocol options\n smtp SMTP protocol options\n ssh SSH protocol options\n telnet TELNET protocol options\n tftp TFTP protocol options\n tls All TLS/SSL related options\n upload All options for uploads\n verbose Options related to any kind of command line output of curl", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238003} +{"input": "mv --suffix=L -t . -u -t /bob . newdir ; printenv -0 JOURNAL_STREAM", "input_args": ["mv", "--suffix=L", "-t .", "-u", "-t /bob", ".", "newdir", ";", "printenv", "-0", "JOURNAL_STREAM"], "output": "mv: multiple target directories specified", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.015789473684210527, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238004} +{"input": "wc -m ADffru", "input_args": ["wc", "m", "ADffru"], "output": "wc: ADffru: No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238005} +{"input": "last -V --help tty6 tty7", "input_args": ["last", "V", "--help", "tty6", "tty7"], "output": "last from util-linux 2.39.3", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238006} +{"input": "date '+%-::z'", "input_args": ["date", "'+%-::z'"], "output": "+0:00:00", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238007} +{"input": "w -h --short -u 96xa0QD1FBI", "input_args": ["w", "-h", "--short", "-u", "96xa0QD1FBI"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4827586206896552, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238008} +{"input": "hostid | sort -T newdir1", "input_args": ["hostid", "|", "sort", "T newdir1"], "output": "007f0101", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238009} +{"input": "link /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog network_setup.sh", "input_args": ["link", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog", "network_setup.sh"], "output": "link: cannot create link 'network_setup.sh' to '/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog': File exists", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.3333333333333333, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238010} +{"input": "ip -r route get bP1", "input_args": ["ip", "r", "route", "get", "bP1"], "output": "Error: any valid prefix is expected rather than \"bP1\".", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.3448275862068966, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238011} +{"input": "ln -F --no-target-directory -t /home/ubuntu/-/home /usr/bin/ls >> /home/ubuntu/scripts/hourly_sync.sh.gz", "input_args": ["ln", "-F", "--no-target-directory", "-t /home/ubuntu/-/home", "/usr/bin/ls", ">>", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/hourly_sync.sh.gz"], "output": "ln: failed to access '/home/ubuntu/-/home': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.16666666666666666, "context_patch": "[[\"=\",\"/fs/scripts/size\",60],[\"=\",\"/fs/scripts/links\",1]]", "session_id": 238012} +{"input": "uniq -d -d -z server_config.py file.1", "input_args": ["uniq", "-d", "-d", "-z", "server_config.py", "file.1"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6973684210526315, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/file.1\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":0,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:58\"}]]", "session_id": 238013} +{"input": "date '+%Z0'", "input_args": ["date", "'+%Z0'"], "output": "UTC0", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238014} +{"input": "ln -Pt .. --backup -t /home/ubuntu/rm/var --no-dereference -S a --verbose -S H -F --target=../fIU0 /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/error_logs.log /home/ubuntu/head/run", "input_args": ["ln", "P", "t ..", "--backup", "t /home/ubuntu/rm/var", "--no-dereference", "S a", "--verbose", "S H", "F", "--target=../fIU0", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/error_logs.log", "/home/ubuntu/head/run"], "output": "ln: multiple target directories specified", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.03713527851458886, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238015} +{"input": "split -n 108 --version -u -b 620 /home/ubuntu/-/srv/init-agent", "input_args": ["split", "-n 108", "--version", "u", "-b 620", "/home/ubuntu/-/srv/init-agent"], "output": "split (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4342105263157895, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238016} +{"input": "touch -ar data.csv -t 201505231928.07 -t 04031604.14 -a newfile newfile", "input_args": ["touch", "a", "r data.csv", "t 201505231928.07", "-t 04031604.14", "-a", "newfile newfile"], "output": "touch: cannot specify times from more than one source\nTry 'touch --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.32620320855614976, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238017} +{"input": "wget -P /home/ubuntu/matrix/usr/etc/bin.usr-is-merged --no-remove-listing -A .py,.tar 10.100.116.150/robots.txt", "input_args": ["wget", "-P /home/ubuntu/matrix/usr/etc/bin.usr-is-merged", "--no-remove-listing", "-A .py,.tar", "10.100.116.150/robots.txt"], "output": "--2025-12-03 20:00:28-- http://10.100.116.150/robots.txt\nConnecting to 10.100.116.150:80... connected.\nHTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK\nLength: 89 [text/plain]\nSaving to: '/home/ubuntu/matrix/usr/etc/bin.usr-is-merged/robots.txt.tmp'\n\n 0K 100% 11.7M=0s\n\n2025-12-03 20:00:28 (11.7 MB/s) - '/home/ubuntu/matrix/usr/etc/bin.usr-is-merged/robots.txt.tmp' saved [89/89]", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.7241379310344828, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/matrix\",{\"perms\":\"drwxrwxr-x\",\"links\":3,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":60,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"20:00\"}]]", "session_id": 238018} +{"input": "mv -t scripts -ft temp_files -Tn /home/ubuntu/scripts/monthly_backup.sh 6IsgO | fold -w 3 -w 646 -", "input_args": ["mv", "-t scripts", "-f", "t temp_files", "T", "n", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/monthly_backup.sh", "6IsgO", "|", "fold", "-w 3", "-w 646", "-"], "output": "mv: multiple target directories specified", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.06018518518518518, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238019} +{"input": "hostid --version > .profile", "input_args": ["hostid", "--version", ">", ".profile"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/size\",304],[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/time\",\"19:59\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/month\",\"Dec\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/day\",3],[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/year\",2025]]", "session_id": 238020} +{"input": "ip -iec route list type vcan", "input_args": ["ip", "-iec", "route", "list", "type vcan"], "output": "Error: argument \"vcan\" is wrong: node type value is invalid", "exit_code": 255, "redundancy_score": 0.6896551724137931, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238021} +{"input": "sort -z /home/ubuntu/scripts/daily_cleanup.sh", "input_args": ["sort", "-z", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/daily_cleanup.sh"], "output": "bash\r\n#!/bin/bash\r\n\r\n# Daily Cleanup Script\r\n# This script removes temporary files and cleans up log files daily.\r\n\r\n# Define the path for logs and temp files\r\nLOG_DIR=\"/var/log\"\r\nTEMP_DIR=\"/tmp\"\r\n\r\n# Clean up temporary files\r\necho \"Cleaning up temporary files...\"\r\nrm -rf ${TEMP_DIR}/*\r\n\r\n# Rotate logs\r\necho \"Rotating logs...\"\r\nlogrotate /etc/logrotate.conf\r\n\r\n# Clear old logs\r\necho \"Removing old logs...\"\r\nfind ${LOG_DIR} -type f -name '*.log' -mtime +10 -exec rm {} \\;\r\n\r\n# Echo completion message\r\necho \"Daily cleanup completed successfully!\"\r\n\r\n# Record the action\r\necho \"`date`: Daily cleanup executed\" >> /home/ubuntu/scripts/cleanup_log.log\r\n\u0000", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238022} +{"input": "logname | split -ee -t c -n 204", "input_args": ["logname", "|", "split", "-e", "e", "-t c", "-n 204"], "output": "logname: no login name", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.06666666666666667, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238023} +{"input": "export | gzip -S v -rv -k -", "input_args": ["export", "|", "gzip", "-S v", "-r", "v", "-k", "-"], "output": " 54.1%\n\u001f\ufffd\b\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0003KIM\ufffdI,JU\u042dP\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdu\ufffdU\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdM\ufffd/M*\ufffd+)U\ufffdJAH\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd9\ufffdT`\ufffd\ufffdu\ufffd\ufffd\u0001j-K,\ufffd\ufffdM\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd% \ufffd\u0005\ufffd\bE4\ufffd1\ufffd\u0003(VZ\\\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd_\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdg\ufffd\u0107s\u0011\u0012`\u0006\ufffd\u000b\u0017KO\ufffdM-F\ufffd\u0007\u0015(\ufffdK,\u0000\ufffdB\ufffd\u0014\ufffd\u000e\\\ufffd\f\ufffdp\ufffd\u0001y\u0006\ufffdK?)\ufffd8\u0003M\ufffd'\f(i\ufffd\"\u0018\ufffd\u001a\ufffdk\ufffd\ufffd\ufffd\ufffdWZ\ufffd\"\u001e\u001a\ufffd\u001a\ufffd\b.\u0000\u0367K1j\u0001\u0000\u0000", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.44155844155844154, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238024} +{"input": "vdir -d /browse/home/ubuntu/-c/sys/tmp/sys", "input_args": ["vdir", "d", "/browse/home/ubuntu/-c/sys/tmp/sys"], "output": "vdir: cannot access '/browse/home/ubuntu/-c/sys/tmp/sys': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238025} +{"input": "find --version scripts -true -a -uid 495 -not -ilname \"*\\.[a-z].gz.*\\.zip\" -fstype ufs -o -iregex \"^./.*\\.tar\\.*\" -cnewer system_info.txt, -nouser -mindepth 5 -a -fprintf user_data_backup.sh '%.3f %+a' -not -regex \"^./.*\\.tar\\.*\" -gid 7 -a -exec chown root {} + -d, -type b", "input_args": ["find", "--version", "scripts", "-true -a -uid 495", "-not -ilname \"*\\.[a-z].gz.*\\.zip\"", "-fstype ufs -o -iregex \"^./.*\\.tar\\.*\"", "-cnewer system_info.txt, -nouser", "-mindepth 5 -a -fprintf user_data_backup.sh '%.3f %+a'", "-not -regex \"^./.*\\.tar\\.*\"", "-gid 7 -a -exec chown root {} +", "-d, -type b"], "output": "find (GNU findutils) 4.9.0\nCopyright (C) 2022 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by Eric B. Decker, James Youngman, and Kevin Dalley.\nFeatures enabled: D_TYPE O_NOFOLLOW(enabled) LEAF_OPTIMISATION FTS(FTS_CWDFD) CBO(level=2) ", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.3944099378881988, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238026} +{"input": "ip -oneline link set group 1 protodown_reason 15 off", "input_args": ["ip", "-oneline", "link", "set group 1", "protodown_reason 15 off"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.7241379310344828, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238027} +{"input": "ip -l 3 route list type bareudp > JTWmyKsChE7s2qk", "input_args": ["ip", "-l 3", "route", "list", "type bareudp", ">", "JTWmyKsChE7s2qk"], "output": "Error: argument \"bareudp\" is wrong: node type value is invalid", "exit_code": 255, "redundancy_score": 0.7, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/JTWmyKsChE7s2qk\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-r--r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"root\",\"group\":\"root\",\"size\":0,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:57\"}]]", "session_id": 238028} +{"input": "link /home/ubuntu/temp_files/temp_session_data.txt /home/ubuntu/scripts/hourly_sync.sh", "input_args": ["link", "/home/ubuntu/temp_files/temp_session_data.txt", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/hourly_sync.sh"], "output": "link: cannot create link '/home/ubuntu/scripts/hourly_sync.sh' to '/home/ubuntu/temp_files/temp_session_data.txt': File exists", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.3333333333333333, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238029} +{"input": "split server_config.py x", "input_args": ["split", "server_config.py", "x"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/xaa\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-r--r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"root\",\"group\":\"root\",\"size\":787,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:57\"}]]", "session_id": 238030} +{"input": "rm 3RXfeyRHCQ1LA", "input_args": ["rm", "3RXfeyRHCQ1LA"], "output": "rm: cannot remove '3RXfeyRHCQ1LA': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238031} +{"input": "basename -s .py -z -s .py --zero /home/ubuntu/df/sys/.oldroot/etc/proc/mnt", "input_args": ["basename", "s .py", "z", "-s .py", "--zero", "/home/ubuntu/df/sys/.oldroot/etc/proc/mnt"], "output": "mnt\u0000", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5394736842105263, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238032} +{"input": "ethtool --reset sit0@NONE rx-copybreak rx-copybreak tx-copybreak pfc-prevention-tout", "input_args": ["ethtool", "--reset", "sit0@NONE", "rx-copybreak", "rx-copybreak", "tx-copybreak", "pfc-prevention-tout"], "output": "ethtool: bad command line argument(s)\nFor more information run ethtool -h", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.43315508021390375, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238033} +{"input": "comm -1 --version -3 o0fs T9hvIrVjOZRL5", "input_args": ["comm", "1", "--version", "3", "o0fs", "T9hvIrVjOZRL5"], "output": "comm (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by Richard M. Stallman and David MacKenzie.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4342105263157895, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238034} +{"input": "rev -h -h --help --help --version --help network_setup.sh | head -zz -", "input_args": ["rev", "-h", "-h", "--help", "--help", "--version", "--help", "network_setup.sh", "|", "head", "-z", "z", "-"], "output": "Usage: rev [options] [file ...]\n\nReverse lines characterwise.\n\nOptions:\n -h, --help display this help\n -V, --version display version\n\nFor more details see rev(1).", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.07075471698113207, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238035} +{"input": "comm --check-order -1 -z --total -1 .profile environment_variables.sh", "input_args": ["comm", "--check-order", "-1", "-z", "--total", "-1", ".profile", "environment_variables.sh"], "output": "bash\r\n#!/bin/bash\r\n\r\n# Set environment variables for the application.\r\n\r\nexport APP_NAME=\"MyApplication\"\r\nexport APP_ENV=\"production\"\r\nexport DATABASE_URL=\"mongodb://localhost:27017/myapp\"\r\nexport REDIS_URL=\"redis://localhost:6379\"\r\nexport SMTP_SERVER=\"smtp.example.com\"\r\nexport EMAIL_USER=\"user@example.com\"\r\nexport EMAIL_PASSWORD=\"password123\"\r\nexport SECRET_KEY=\"yoursecretkey12345\"\r\n\r\necho \"Environment variables set.\"\r\n\u00001\t1\t0\ttotal\u0000", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.9004329004329005, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238036} +{"input": "chown -c --from=operator -L root:backup system_status.sh", "input_args": ["chown", "-c", "--from=operator", "L", "root:backup system_status.sh"], "output": "chown: invalid user: 'operator'", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.034482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238037} +{"input": "lscpu -Ce CPU,CPU,MAXMHZ ; netstat -Swrxs", "input_args": ["lscpu", "C", "e CPU,CPU,MAXMHZ", ";", "netstat", "-Swrxs"], "output": "lscpu: bad usage\nTry 'lscpu --help' for more information.\nusage: netstat [-vWeenNcCF] [] -r netstat {-V|--version|-h|--help}\n netstat [-vWnNcaeol] [ ...]\n netstat { [-vWeenNac] -i | [-cnNe] -M | -s [-6tuw] }\n\n -r, --route display routing table\n -i, --interfaces display interface table\n -g, --groups display multicast group memberships\n -s, --statistics display networking statistics (like SNMP)\n -M, --masquerade display masqueraded connections\n\n -v, --verbose be verbose\n -W, --wide don't truncate IP addresses\n -n, --numeric don't resolve names\n --numeric-hosts don't resolve host names\n --numeric-ports don't resolve port names\n --numeric-users don't resolve user names\n -N, --symbolic resolve hardware names\n -e, --extend display other/more information\n -p, --programs display PID/Program name for sockets\n -o, --timers display timers\n -c, --continuous continuous listing\n\n -l, --listening display listening server sockets\n -a, --all display all sockets (default: connected)\n -F, --fib display Forwarding Information Base (default)\n -C, --cache display routing cache instead of FIB\n -Z, --context display SELinux security context for sockets\n\n ={-t|--tcp} {-u|--udp} {-U|--udplite} {-S|--sctp} {-w|--raw}\n {-x|--unix} --ax25 --ipx --netrom\n =Use '-6|-4' or '-A ' or '--'; default: inet\n List of possible address families (which support routing):\n inet (DARPA Internet) inet6 (IPv6) ax25 (AMPR AX.25) \n netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) rose (AMPR ROSE) ipx (Novell IPX) \n ddp (Appletalk DDP) x25 (CCITT X.25) ", "exit_code": 3, "redundancy_score": 0.75, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238038} +{"input": "last -V 7 FLwfgRa402H", "input_args": ["last", "V", "7", "FLwfgRa402H"], "output": "last from util-linux 2.39.3", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238039} +{"input": "cut --version update_notes.txt.2", "input_args": ["cut", "--version", "update_notes.txt.2"], "output": "cut (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by David M. Ihnat, David MacKenzie, and Jim Meyering.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238040} +{"input": "basename /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/auth.log | uniq --zero-terminated -w 875 -w 828 -z", "input_args": ["basename", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/auth.log", "|", "uniq", "--zero-terminated", "-w 875", "-w 828", "z"], "output": "auth.log\n\u0000", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.2, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238041} +{"input": "cut system_status.sh /home/ubuntu/scripts/daily_cleanup.sh user_data_backup.sh", "input_args": ["cut", "system_status.sh /home/ubuntu/scripts/daily_cleanup.sh user_data_backup.sh"], "output": "cut: you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields\nTry 'cut --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238042} +{"input": "rm -d *.1", "input_args": ["rm", "-d", "*.1"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[[\"r\",\"/fs/update_notes.txt.1\"]]", "session_id": 238043} +{"input": "basename environment_variables.sh .img", "input_args": ["basename", "environment_variables.sh", ".img"], "output": "environment_variables.sh", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238044} +{"input": "comm -z -3 system_status.sh update_notes.txt.2 | comm -2 update_notes.txt -", "input_args": ["comm", "z", "-3", "system_status.sh", "update_notes.txt.2", "|", "comm", "-2", "update_notes.txt", "-"], "output": "comm: file 1 is not in sorted order\ncomm: file 2 is not in sorted order\ncomm: input is not in sorted order\n# Update Notes - System Software\r\n\r\n\t### Version 3.5.1 (2023-11-15)\r\n\t- **Security Patch**: Enhanced security protocols for database access.\r\n\t- **Bug Fixes**: Resolved login issues affecting some users.\r\n\t\r\n\t### Version 3.5 (2023-10-25)\r\n\t- **New Features**: Added support for multi-factor authentication.\r\n\t- **Improvements**: Increased efficiency in data processing algorithms.\r\n\t\r\n\t### Version 3.4.7 (2023-09-10)\r\n\t- **Minor Updates**: Updated third-party API integrations for better performance.\r\n\t- **Bug Fixes**: Fixed minor UI glitches reported by users.\r\n\t\r\nPlease ensure all system backups are complete before proceeding with the software update. For installation guidance, refer to the user manual or contact technical support.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.6923076923076923, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238045} +{"input": "date +%#k0", "input_args": ["date", "+%#k0"], "output": "190", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238046} +{"input": "uniq -blank /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1 file", "input_args": ["uniq", "-blank", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1", "file"], "output": "uniq: invalid option -- 'b'\nTry 'uniq --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.4, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238047} +{"input": "basename -s .sh.7 /home/ubuntu/scripts/auto.tar.gz", "input_args": ["basename", "s .sh.7", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/auto.tar.gz"], "output": "auto.tar.gz", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238048} +{"input": "date -R '+%n0%+BE' > diSPfMw", "input_args": ["date", "R", "'+%n0%+BE'", ">", "diSPfMw"], "output": "date: multiple output formats specified", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/diSPfMw\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":0,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:57\"}]]", "session_id": 238049} +{"input": "arch ; pwd -L --physical", "input_args": ["arch", ";", "pwd", "-L", "--physical"], "output": "x86_64\nbash: line 1: pwd: --: invalid option\npwd: usage: pwd [-LP]", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.75, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238050} +{"input": "chgrp --reference=/home/ubuntu/-/srv/init-agent z86b", "input_args": ["chgrp", "--reference=/home/ubuntu/-/srv/init-agent z86b"], "output": "chgrp: failed to get attributes of '/home/ubuntu/-/srv/init-agent': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238051} +{"input": "dir -u -I [a-zA-Z]*.py user_data_backup.sh accept | cpio --directory=/home/ubuntu/system_info.txt/media > bumblebee", "input_args": ["dir", "-u", "-I [a-zA-Z]*.py", "user_data_backup.sh accept", "|", "cpio", "--directory=/home/ubuntu/system_info.txt/media", ">", "bumblebee"], "output": "cpio: You must specify one of -oipt options.\nTry 'cpio --help' or 'cpio --usage' for more information.\ndir: cannot access 'accept': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.5833333333333334, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/bumblebee\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":0,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:57\"}]]", "session_id": 238052} +{"input": "dmesg -u -n err -uF maintenance_script.sh -l -D", "input_args": ["dmesg", "-u", "-n err", "u", "F maintenance_script.sh", "-l", "-D"], "output": "dmesg: unknown level '-D'", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.0748663101604278, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238053} +{"input": "du -B 770 --version --files0-from=/home/ubuntu/scripts/auto.tar.gz update_notes.txt.1", "input_args": ["du", "B 770", "--version", "--files0-from=/home/ubuntu/scripts/auto.tar.gz update_notes.txt.1"], "output": "du (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert,\nand Jim Meyering.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238054} +{"input": "du -d 8 /home/ubuntu/\"*\\.zip\"/opt/..", "input_args": ["du", "-d 8", "/home/ubuntu/\"*\\.zip\"/opt/.."], "output": "du: cannot access '/home/ubuntu/*.zip/opt/..': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238055} +{"input": "paste -z user_data.csv | od -v -S 984kB -v --skip-bytes=784M -j 427 -", "input_args": ["paste", "-z", "user_data.csv", "|", "od", "v", "-S 984kB", "-v", "--skip-bytes=784M", "-j 427", "-"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5894736842105263, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238056} +{"input": "ps -N | od -N 730M -w541 -vv -", "input_args": ["ps", "N", "|", "od", "N 730M", "-w541", "-v", "v", "-"], "output": "od: warning: invalid width 541; using 2 instead\n0000000 020040\n0000002 044520\n0000004 020104\n0000006 052124\n0000010 020131\n0000012 020040\n0000014 020040\n0000016 020040\n0000020 020040\n0000022 052040\n0000024 046511\n0000026 020105\n0000030 046503\n0000032 005104\n0000034", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.025974025974025976, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238057} +{"input": "dd iflag=sync if=.profile cbs=327", "input_args": ["dd", "iflag=sync", "if=.profile", "cbs=327"], "output": "1+1 records in\n1+1 records out\n807 bytes copied, 0.000141142 s, 5.7 MB/s\n# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.\n# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login\n# exists.\n# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.\n# the files are located in the bash-doc package.\n\n# the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask\n# for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package.\n#umask 022\n\n# if running bash\nif [ -n \"$BASH_VERSION\" ]; then\n # include .bashrc if it exists\n if [ -f \"$HOME/.bashrc\" ]; then\n\t. \"$HOME/.bashrc\"\n fi\nfi\n\n# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\nif [ -d \"$HOME/bin\" ] ; then\n PATH=\"$HOME/bin:$PATH\"\nfi\n\n# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\nif [ -d \"$HOME/.local/bin\" ] ; then\n PATH=\"$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH\"\nfi", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238058} +{"input": "touch -r .profile --version -ad yesterday /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/log_file.txt/init-agent", "input_args": ["touch", "r .profile", "--version", "-a", "d yesterday", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/log_file.txt/init-agent"], "output": "touch (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by Paul Rubin, Arnold Robbins, Jim Kingdon,\nDavid MacKenzie, and Randy Smith.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4342105263157895, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238059} +{"input": "grep --basic-regexp -5 -D recurse \"^./.*\\.sh\" /home/ubuntu/temp_files/temp_session_data.txt", "input_args": ["grep", "--basic-regexp", "5", "-D recurse", "\"^./.*\\.sh\"", "/home/ubuntu/temp_files/temp_session_data.txt"], "output": "grep: unknown devices method", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.3815789473684211, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238060} +{"input": "mktemp -p /home/ubuntu/file.txt/home -p . --quiet mzp5jH48vPGyB2GuXXXDVRkAZ5F8ebXXXa3JU3fxrvWD | cut", "input_args": ["mktemp", "-p /home/ubuntu/file.txt/home", "p .", "--quiet", "mzp5jH48vPGyB2GuXXXDVRkAZ5F8ebXXXa3JU3fxrvWD", "|", "cut"], "output": "cut: you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields\nTry 'cut --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.7, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/mzp5jH48vPGyB2GuXXXDVRkAZ5F8ebA8Ca3JU3fxrvWD\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-------\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"root\",\"group\":\"root\",\"size\":0,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:58\"}]]", "session_id": 238061} +{"input": "mv -v LC79W3gjB1dqK7Vl file.2", "input_args": ["mv", "-v", "LC79W3gjB1dqK7Vl", "file.2"], "output": "mv: cannot stat 'LC79W3gjB1dqK7Vl': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.1, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238062} +{"input": "rm --preserve-root=all --version -fv *.5", "input_args": ["rm", "--preserve-root=all", "--version", "f", "v", "*.5"], "output": "rm (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by Paul Rubin, David MacKenzie, Richard M. Stallman,\nand Jim Meyering.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4342105263157895, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238063} +{"input": "basename --suffix=.log /home/ubuntu/newfile/init-agent /home/ubuntu/-/mnt", "input_args": ["basename", "--suffix=.log", "/home/ubuntu/newfile/init-agent", "/home/ubuntu/-/mnt"], "output": "init-agent\nmnt", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238064} +{"input": "head environment_variables.sh update_notes.txt.2 >> file.2", "input_args": ["head", "environment_variables.sh update_notes.txt.2", ">>", "file.2"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/file.2\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-r--r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"root\",\"group\":\"root\",\"size\":710,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"20:01\"}]]", "session_id": 238065} +{"input": "fold --spaces .bash_logout > file", "input_args": ["fold", "--spaces", ".bash_logout", ">", "file"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.75, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/file\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":220,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:59\"}]]", "session_id": 238066} +{"input": "chown --version -h -P root:lp user_data_backup.sh | grep \"^\\./.+/\"", "input_args": ["chown", "--version", "h", "-P", "root:lp user_data_backup.sh", "|", "grep", "\"^\\./.+/\""], "output": "", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238067} +{"input": "who /home/ubuntu/projects.html/init-agent | paste -zs --serial -", "input_args": ["who", "/home/ubuntu/projects.html/init-agent", "|", "paste", "z", "s", "--serial", "-"], "output": "\u0000", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5666666666666667, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238068} +{"input": "chmod --reference=/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1 /home/ubuntu/scripts/hourly_sync.sh", "input_args": ["chmod", "--reference=/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1 /home/ubuntu/scripts/hourly_sync.sh"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"=\",\"/fs/scripts/size\",60],[\"=\",\"/fs/scripts/links\",1]]", "session_id": 238069} +{"input": "od --help /home/ubuntu/scripts/auto.tar.gz", "input_args": ["od", "--help", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/auto.tar.gz"], "output": "Usage: od [OPTION]... [FILE]...\n or: od [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]\n or: od --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]\n\nWrite an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default,\nof FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE argument,\nconcatenate them in the listed order to form the input.\n\nWith no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\nIf first and second call formats both apply, the second format is assumed\nif the last operand begins with + or (if there are 2 operands) a digit.\nAn OFFSET operand means -j OFFSET. LABEL is the pseudo-address\nat first byte printed, incremented when dump is progressing.\nFor OFFSET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates hexadecimal;\nsuffixes may be . for octal and b for multiply by 512.\n\nMandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n -A, --address-radix=RADIX output format for file offsets; RADIX is one\n of [doxn], for Decimal, Octal, Hex or None\n --endian={big|little} swap input bytes according the specified order\n -j, --skip-bytes=BYTES skip BYTES input bytes first\n -N, --read-bytes=BYTES limit dump to BYTES input bytes\n -S BYTES, --strings[=BYTES] show only NUL terminated strings\n of at least BYTES (3) printable characters\n -t, --format=TYPE select output format or formats\n -v, --output-duplicates do not use * to mark line suppression\n -w[BYTES], --width[=BYTES] output BYTES bytes per output line;\n 32 is implied when BYTES is not specified\n --traditional accept arguments in third form above\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\n\nTraditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:\n -a same as -t a, select named characters, ignoring high-order bit\n -b same as -t o1, select octal bytes\n -c same as -t c, select printable characters or backslash escapes\n -d same as -t u2, select unsigned decimal 2-byte units\n -f same as -t fF, select floats\n -i same as -t dI, select decimal ints\n -l same as -t dL, select decimal longs\n -o same as -t o2, select octal 2-byte units\n -s same as -t d2, select decimal 2-byte units\n -x same as -t x2, select hexadecimal 2-byte units\n\n\nTYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:\n a named character, ignoring high-order bit\n c printable character or backslash escape\n d[SIZE] signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer\n f[SIZE] floating point, SIZE bytes per float\n o[SIZE] octal, SIZE bytes per integer\n u[SIZE] unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer\n x[SIZE] hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer\n\nSIZE is a number. For TYPE in [doux], SIZE may also be C for\nsizeof(char), S for sizeof(short), I for sizeof(int) or L for\nsizeof(long). If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F for sizeof(float), D\nfor sizeof(double) or L for sizeof(long double).\n\nAdding a z suffix to any type displays printable characters at the end of\neach output line.\n\n\nBYTES is hex with 0x or 0X prefix, and may have a multiplier suffix:\n b 512\n KB 1000\n K 1024\n MB 1000*1000\n M 1024*1024\nand so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y, R, Q.\nBinary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on.\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) od invocation'", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238070} +{"input": "head i6IhAA41UttUx | fold -w 321 -w 138 -b -w 371", "input_args": ["head", "i6IhAA41UttUx", "|", "fold", "w 321", "-w 138", "b", "-w 371"], "output": "head: cannot open 'i6IhAA41UttUx' for reading: No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.06666666666666667, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238071} +{"input": "vdir -U -i -T 4 -rc temp_files", "input_args": ["vdir", "-U", "-i", "-T 4", "-r", "c", "temp_files"], "output": "total 16\n111 -rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 589 Nov 10 21:48 temporary_log.log\n108 -rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 310 Nov 10 21:48 temp_session_data.txt\n110 -rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 91 Nov 10 21:48 temporary_data.txt.gz\n109 -rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 52 Nov 10 21:48 temporary_data.txt", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.9251336898395722, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238072} +{"input": "unexpand -t 6 -t 7 -t 9 -t 4 --help -t 9 -a -aa -t 2 network_setup.sh", "input_args": ["unexpand", "t 6", "t 7", "-t 9", "-t 4", "--help", "-t 9", "a", "-a", "a", "-t 2", "network_setup.sh"], "output": "Usage: unexpand [OPTION]... [FILE]...\nConvert blanks in each FILE to tabs, writing to standard output.\n\nWith no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\nMandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n -a, --all convert all blanks, instead of just initial blanks\n --first-only convert only leading sequences of blanks (overrides -a)\n -t, --tabs=N have tabs N characters apart instead of 8 (enables -a)\n -t, --tabs=LIST use comma separated list of tab positions.\n The last specified position can be prefixed with '/'\n to specify a tab size to use after the last\n explicitly specified tab stop. Also a prefix of '+'\n can be used to align remaining tab stops relative to\n the last specified tab stop instead of the first column\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) unexpand invocation'", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5014245014245015, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238073} +{"input": "free -c 6 -h -c 6", "input_args": ["free", "-c 6", "-h", "-c 6"], "output": " total used free shared buff/cache available\nMem: 216Mi 20Mi 186Mi 4.0Ki 16Mi 196Mi\nSwap: 0B 0B 0B\n\n total used free shared buff/cache available\nMem: 216Mi 20Mi 186Mi 4.0Ki 16Mi 196Mi\nSwap: 0B 0B 0B\n\n total used free shared buff/cache available\nMem: 216Mi 20Mi 186Mi 4.0Ki 16Mi 196Mi\nSwap: 0B 0B 0B\n\n total used free shared buff/cache available\nMem: 216Mi 20Mi 186Mi 4.0Ki 16Mi 196Mi\nSwap: 0B 0B 0B\n\n total used free shared buff/cache available\nMem: 216Mi 20Mi 186Mi 4.0Ki 16Mi 196Mi\nSwap: 0B 0B 0B\n\n total used free shared buff/cache available\nMem: 216Mi 20Mi 186Mi 4.0Ki 16Mi 196Mi\nSwap: 0B 0B 0B", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238074} +{"input": "echo -n --version --help --version \"region\"", "input_args": ["echo", "n", "--version", "--help", "--version", "\"region\""], "output": "--version --help --version region", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.9473684210526315, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238075} +{"input": "grep \"^.*.[0-9]$\" server_config.py", "input_args": ["grep", "\"^.*.[0-9]$\"", "server_config.py"], "output": "SERVER_ADDRESS = '192.168.1.100'\r\nSERVER_PORT = 8000\r\nMAX_CONNECTIONS = 50\r\nTIMEOUT = 1500\r\nDB_PORT = 5432\r", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238076} +{"input": "rm -R contact.txt ; paste -s --serial --version -ss maintenance_script.sh /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/system_logs.csv system_status_report.txt", "input_args": ["rm", "-R", "contact.txt", ";", "paste", "-s", "--serial", "--version", "-s", "s", "maintenance_script.sh /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/system_logs.csv system_status_report.txt"], "output": "paste (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by David M. Ihnat and David MacKenzie.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4368421052631579, "context_patch": "[[\"r\",\"/fs/contact.txt\"]]", "session_id": 238077} +{"input": "dirname -zzz /home/ubuntu/scripts/backup_script.py /home/ubuntu/logs_archive.tar.gz/init-agent", "input_args": ["dirname", "z", "z", "z", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/backup_script.py", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive.tar.gz/init-agent"], "output": "/home/ubuntu/scripts\u0000/home/ubuntu/logs_archive.tar.gz\u0000", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.7236842105263158, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238078} +{"input": "dirname /home/ubuntu/od/home/run /home/ubuntu/sort/init-agent", "input_args": ["dirname", "/home/ubuntu/od/home/run", "/home/ubuntu/sort/init-agent"], "output": "/home/ubuntu/od/home\n/home/ubuntu/sort", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238079} +{"input": "chown --reference=system_status_report.txt /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1", "input_args": ["chown", "--reference=system_status_report.txt /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"=\",\"/fs/logs_archive/size\",60],[\"=\",\"/fs/logs_archive/links\",1]]", "session_id": 238080} +{"input": "nl -p -pw 964 -f n -n ln --help -h t -w 719 -p /home/ubuntu/newdir1/sys/init-agent user_data_backup.sh data.csv", "input_args": ["nl", "-p", "-p", "w 964", "-f n", "-n ln", "--help", "h t", "-w 719", "-p", "/home/ubuntu/newdir1/sys/init-agent user_data_backup.sh data.csv"], "output": "Usage: nl [OPTION]... [FILE]...\nWrite each FILE to standard output, with line numbers added.\n\nWith no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\nMandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n -b, --body-numbering=STYLE use STYLE for numbering body lines\n -d, --section-delimiter=CC use CC for logical page delimiters\n -f, --footer-numbering=STYLE use STYLE for numbering footer lines\n -h, --header-numbering=STYLE use STYLE for numbering header lines\n -i, --line-increment=NUMBER line number increment at each line\n -l, --join-blank-lines=NUMBER group of NUMBER empty lines counted as one\n -n, --number-format=FORMAT insert line numbers according to FORMAT\n -p, --no-renumber do not reset line numbers for each section\n -s, --number-separator=STRING add STRING after (possible) line number\n -v, --starting-line-number=NUMBER first line number for each section\n -w, --number-width=NUMBER use NUMBER columns for line numbers\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\nDefault options are: -bt -d'\\:' -fn -hn -i1 -l1 -n'rn' -s -v1 -w6\n\nCC are two delimiter characters used to construct logical page delimiters;\na missing second character implies ':'. As a GNU extension one can specify\nmore than two characters, and also specifying the empty string (-d '')\ndisables section matching.\n\nSTYLE is one of:\n\n a number all lines\n t number only nonempty lines\n n number no lines\n pBRE number only lines that contain a match for the basic regular\n expression, BRE\n\nFORMAT is one of:\n\n ln left justified, no leading zeros\n rn right justified, no leading zeros\n rz right justified, leading zeros\n\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) nl invocation'", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4177215189873418, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238081} +{"input": "netstat -si2", "input_args": ["netstat", "-si2"], "output": "usage: netstat [-vWeenNcCF] [] -r netstat {-V|--version|-h|--help}\n netstat [-vWnNcaeol] [ ...]\n netstat { [-vWeenNac] -i | [-cnNe] -M | -s [-6tuw] }\n\n -r, --route display routing table\n -i, --interfaces display interface table\n -g, --groups display multicast group memberships\n -s, --statistics display networking statistics (like SNMP)\n -M, --masquerade display masqueraded connections\n\n -v, --verbose be verbose\n -W, --wide don't truncate IP addresses\n -n, --numeric don't resolve names\n --numeric-hosts don't resolve host names\n --numeric-ports don't resolve port names\n --numeric-users don't resolve user names\n -N, --symbolic resolve hardware names\n -e, --extend display other/more information\n -p, --programs display PID/Program name for sockets\n -o, --timers display timers\n -c, --continuous continuous listing\n\n -l, --listening display listening server sockets\n -a, --all display all sockets (default: connected)\n -F, --fib display Forwarding Information Base (default)\n -C, --cache display routing cache instead of FIB\n -Z, --context display SELinux security context for sockets\n\n ={-t|--tcp} {-u|--udp} {-U|--udplite} {-S|--sctp} {-w|--raw}\n {-x|--unix} --ax25 --ipx --netrom\n =Use '-6|-4' or '-A ' or '--'; default: inet\n List of possible address families (which support routing):\n inet (DARPA Internet) inet6 (IPv6) ax25 (AMPR AX.25) \n netrom (AMPR NET/ROM) rose (AMPR ROSE) ipx (Novell IPX) \n ddp (Appletalk DDP) x25 (CCITT X.25) ", "exit_code": 3, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238082} +{"input": "uname -o -a -r --kernel-name -ni", "input_args": ["uname", "o", "-a", "-r", "--kernel-name", "n", "i"], "output": "Linux ubuntu 6.8.0 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Thu Sep 4 18:20:12 CDT 2025 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.43315508021390375, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238083} +{"input": "mkdir -m g=X -m a+ -v -pm o=a -vm 4 -m --mode=u=o --verbose --parents dir1", "input_args": ["mkdir", "m g=X", "m a+", "v", "-p", "m o=a", "v", "m 4", "-m", "--mode=u=o", "--verbose", "--parents", "dir1"], "output": "mkdir: invalid mode '--mode=u=o'", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.24210526315789474, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238084} +{"input": "last -Rn 1 -x --help -i tty2 4 >> /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1", "input_args": ["last", "R", "n 1", "-x", "--help", "-i", "tty2", "4", ">>", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.42358078602620086, "context_patch": "[[\"=\",\"/fs/logs_archive/size\",60],[\"=\",\"/fs/logs_archive/links\",1]]", "session_id": 238085} +{"input": "fold -s --version --bytes -w 87 network_setup.sh ; users", "input_args": ["fold", "-s", "--version", "--bytes", "-w 87", "network_setup.sh", ";", "users"], "output": "fold (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by David MacKenzie.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.45454545454545453, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238086} +{"input": "file -f /home/ubuntu/outlet/dev/init-agent -F m -e ascii -n environment_variables.sh", "input_args": ["file", "f /home/ubuntu/outlet/dev/init-agent", "-F m", "-e ascii", "-n", "environment_variables.sh"], "output": "file: Cannot open `/home/ubuntu/outlet/dev/init-agent' (No such file or directory)", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.27631578947368424, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238087} +{"input": "nproc | xargs -P 717 touch", "input_args": ["nproc", "|", "xargs", "P 717", "touch"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.75, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/1\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":0,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:57\"}]]", "session_id": 238088} +{"input": "chown -L --no-preserve-root --recursive root user_data.csv", "input_args": ["chown", "-L", "--no-preserve-root", "--recursive", "root user_data.csv"], "output": "chown: changing ownership of 'user_data.csv': Operation not permitted", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.034482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238089} +{"input": "ping -c 6 --help --help -Q 80 -A www.google.com", "input_args": ["ping -c 6", "--help", "--help", "Q 80", "A", "www.google.com"], "output": "ping: invalid option -- '-'\n\nUsage\n ping [options] \n\nOptions:\n DNS name or IP address\n -a use audible ping\n -A use adaptive ping\n -B sticky source address\n -c stop after replies\n -C call connect() syscall on socket creation\n -D print timestamps\n -d use SO_DEBUG socket option\n -e define identifier for ping session, default is random for\n SOCK_RAW and kernel defined for SOCK_DGRAM\n Imply using SOCK_RAW (for IPv4 only for identifier 0)\n -f flood ping\n -h print help and exit\n -H force reverse DNS name resolution (useful for numeric\n destinations or for -f), override -n\n -I either interface name or address\n -i seconds between sending each packet\n -L suppress loopback of multicast packets\n -l send number of packages while waiting replies\n -m tag the packets going out\n -M define path MTU discovery, can be one of \n -n no reverse DNS name resolution, override -H\n -O report outstanding replies\n -p contents of padding byte\n -q quiet output\n -Q use quality of service bits\n -s use as number of data bytes to be sent\n -S use as SO_SNDBUF socket option value\n -t define time to live\n -U print user-to-user latency\n -v verbose output\n -V print version and exit\n -w reply wait in seconds\n -W time to wait for response\n\nIPv4 options:\n -4 use IPv4\n -b allow pinging broadcast\n -R record route\n -T define timestamp, can be one of \n\nIPv6 options:\n -6 use IPv6\n -F define flow label, default is random\n -N use IPv6 node info query, try as argument\n\nFor more details see ping(8).", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.17105263157894737, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238090} +{"input": "paste --help -s -s -zs --version user_data_backup.sh user_config.json tWieI | wc --total 86", "input_args": ["paste", "--help", "s", "-s", "-z", "s", "--version", "user_data_backup.sh user_config.json tWieI", "|", "wc", "--total 86"], "output": "wc: invalid argument '86' for '--total'\nValid arguments are:\n - 'auto'\n - 'always'\n - 'only'\n - 'never'\nTry 'wc --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.44545454545454544, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238091} +{"input": "chmod 925,og WO0FwpYmQ >> projects.html", "input_args": ["chmod", "925,og WO0FwpYmQ", ">>", "projects.html"], "output": "chmod: invalid mode: '925,og'\nTry 'chmod --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238092} +{"input": "dd --help conv=unblock", "input_args": ["dd", "--help", "conv=unblock"], "output": "Usage: dd [OPERAND]...\n or: dd OPTION\nCopy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.\n\n bs=BYTES read and write up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512);\n overrides ibs and obs\n cbs=BYTES convert BYTES bytes at a time\n conv=CONVS convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list\n count=N copy only N input blocks\n ibs=BYTES read up to BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)\n if=FILE read from FILE instead of stdin\n iflag=FLAGS read as per the comma separated symbol list\n obs=BYTES write BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)\n of=FILE write to FILE instead of stdout\n oflag=FLAGS write as per the comma separated symbol list\n seek=N (or oseek=N) skip N obs-sized output blocks\n skip=N (or iseek=N) skip N ibs-sized input blocks\n status=LEVEL The LEVEL of information to print to stderr;\n 'none' suppresses everything but error messages,\n 'noxfer' suppresses the final transfer statistics,\n 'progress' shows periodic transfer statistics\n\nN and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:\nc=1, w=2, b=512, kB=1000, K=1024, MB=1000*1000, M=1024*1024, xM=M,\nGB=1000*1000*1000, G=1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y, R, Q.\nBinary prefixes can be used, too: KiB=K, MiB=M, and so on.\nIf N ends in 'B', it counts bytes not blocks.\n\nEach CONV symbol may be:\n\n ascii from EBCDIC to ASCII\n ebcdic from ASCII to EBCDIC\n ibm from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC\n block pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size\n unblock replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline\n lcase change upper case to lower case\n ucase change lower case to upper case\n sparse try to seek rather than write all-NUL output blocks\n swab swap every pair of input bytes\n sync pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used\n with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs\n excl fail if the output file already exists\n nocreat do not create the output file\n notrunc do not truncate the output file\n noerror continue after read errors\n fdatasync physically write output file data before finishing\n fsync likewise, but also write metadata\n\nEach FLAG symbol may be:\n\n append append mode (makes sense only for output; conv=notrunc suggested)\n direct use direct I/O for data\n directory fail unless a directory\n dsync use synchronized I/O for data\n sync likewise, but also for metadata\n fullblock accumulate full blocks of input (iflag only)\n nonblock use non-blocking I/O\n noatime do not update access time\n nocache Request to drop cache. See also oflag=sync\n noctty do not assign controlling terminal from file\n nofollow do not follow symlinks\n\nSending a USR1 signal to a running 'dd' process makes it\nprint I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.\n\nOptions are:\n\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) dd invocation'", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238093} +{"input": "unexpand --help -t 7 -t 1 -t 7 database_backup.sql user_data_backup.sh immune", "input_args": ["unexpand", "--help", "-t 7", "t 1", "-t 7", "database_backup.sql user_data_backup.sh immune"], "output": "Usage: unexpand [OPTION]... [FILE]...\nConvert blanks in each FILE to tabs, writing to standard output.\n\nWith no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\nMandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n -a, --all convert all blanks, instead of just initial blanks\n --first-only convert only leading sequences of blanks (overrides -a)\n -t, --tabs=N have tabs N characters apart instead of 8 (enables -a)\n -t, --tabs=LIST use comma separated list of tab positions.\n The last specified position can be prefixed with '/'\n to specify a tab size to use after the last\n explicitly specified tab stop. Also a prefix of '+'\n can be used to align remaining tab stops relative to\n the last specified tab stop instead of the first column\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) unexpand invocation'", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4342105263157895, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238094} +{"input": "gzip -S 6 -S j server_config.py", "input_args": ["gzip", "S 6", "-S j", "server_config.py"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[[\"r\",\"/fs/server_config.py\"],[\"a\",\"/fs/server_config.pyj\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":491,\"month\":\"Oct\",\"day\":16,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:43\"}]]", "session_id": 238095} +{"input": "free -wg ; basename server_config.py .qcow2", "input_args": ["free", "w", "g", ";", "basename", "server_config.py", ".qcow2"], "output": " total used free shared buffers cache available\nMem: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0\nSwap: 0 0 0\nserver_config.py", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.8333333333333334, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238096} +{"input": "gzip -N update_notes.txt.2", "input_args": ["gzip", "-N", "update_notes.txt.2"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[[\"r\",\"/fs/update_notes.txt.2\"],[\"a\",\"/fs/update_notes.txt.2.gz\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":460,\"month\":\"Oct\",\"day\":16,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:43\"}]]", "session_id": 238097} +{"input": "link user_data.csv visc66yDhZ", "input_args": ["link", "user_data.csv", "visc66yDhZ"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/visc66yDhZ\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":2,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":615,\"month\":\"Oct\",\"day\":16,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:43\"}],[\"=\",\"/fs/user_data.csv/links\",2]]", "session_id": 238098} +{"input": "readlink -q --version --canonicalize system_status.sh", "input_args": ["readlink", "q", "--version", "--canonicalize", "system_status.sh"], "output": "readlink (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by Dmitry V. Levin.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238099} +{"input": "find -PL -L --version --version -O159 --help --help -D tree -D help -O368 /home/ubuntu/file.2/var", "input_args": ["find", "P", "L", "-L", "--version", "--version", "O159", "--help", "--help", "-D tree", "D help", "O368", "/home/ubuntu/file.2/var"], "output": "find: unknown predicate `-PL'", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.6205962059620597, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238100} +{"input": "mv -S Y rusted newfile", "input_args": ["mv", "-S Y", "rusted", "newfile"], "output": "mv: cannot stat 'rusted': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.1, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238101} +{"input": "cat /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/logs_compression.sh .bashrc", "input_args": ["cat", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/logs_compression.sh .bashrc"], "output": "bash\r\n#!/bin/bash\r\n\r\n# Logs Compression Script\r\n# Compresses all log files older than a week in the /var/log directory\r\n\r\nLOG_DIR=\"/var/log\"\r\nARCHIVE_DIR=\"/home/ubuntu/logs_archive\"\r\n\r\n# Finding all log files older than 7 days\r\necho \"Finding all log files from $LOG_DIR older than 7 days...\"\r\nold_logs=$(find $LOG_DIR -name \"*.log\" -type f -mtime +7)\r\n\r\n# Check if there are any files to compress\r\nif [ -z \"$old_logs\" ]; then\r\n echo \"No old log files to compress.\"\r\n exit 0\r\nfi\r\n\r\n# Compressing and moving the old logs\r\necho \"Compressing and moving the old log files...\"\r\nfor log in $old_logs; do\r\n tar -zcf $ARCHIVE_DIR/$(basename \"$log\").tar.gz -P $log && rm -f $log\r\n echo \"$log compressed and moved to $ARCHIVE_DIR\"\r\ndone\r\n\r\necho \"Logs compression completed.\"\r\n# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.\n# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)\n# for examples\n\n# If not running interactively, don't do anything\ncase $- in\n *i*) ;;\n *) return;;\nesac\n\n# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.\n# See bash(1) for more options\nHISTCONTROL=ignoreboth\n\n# append to the history file, don't overwrite it\nshopt -s histappend\n\n# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)\nHISTSIZE=1000\nHISTFILESIZE=2000\n\n# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,\n# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.\nshopt -s checkwinsize\n\n# If set, the pattern \"**\" used in a pathname expansion context will\n# match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.\n#shopt -s globstar\n\n# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)\n[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval \"$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)\"\n\n# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)\nif [ -z \"${debian_chroot:-}\" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then\n debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)\nfi\n\n# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we \"want\" color)\ncase \"$TERM\" in\n xterm-color|*-256color) color_prompt=yes;;\nesac\n\n# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned\n# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window\n# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt\n#force_color_prompt=yes\n\nif [ -n \"$force_color_prompt\" ]; then\n if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then\n\t# We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48\n\t# (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such\n\t# a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)\n\tcolor_prompt=yes\n else\n\tcolor_prompt=\n fi\nfi\n\nif [ \"$color_prompt\" = yes ]; then\n PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\\[\\033[01;32m\\]\\u@\\h\\[\\033[00m\\]:\\[\\033[01;34m\\]\\w\\[\\033[00m\\]\\$ '\nelse\n PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\\u@\\h:\\w\\$ '\nfi\nunset color_prompt force_color_prompt\n\n# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir\ncase \"$TERM\" in\nxterm*|rxvt*)\n PS1=\"\\[\\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\\u@\\h: \\w\\a\\]$PS1\"\n ;;\n*)\n ;;\nesac\n\n# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases\nif [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then\n test -r ~/.dircolors && eval \"$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)\" || eval \"$(dircolors -b)\"\n alias ls='ls --color=auto'\n #alias dir='dir --color=auto'\n #alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'\n\n alias grep='grep --color=auto'\n alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'\n alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'\nfi\n\n# colored GCC warnings and errors\n#export GCC_COLORS='error=01;31:warning=01;35:note=01;36:caret=01;32:locus=01:quote=01'\n\n# some more ls aliases\nalias ll='ls -alF'\nalias la='ls -A'\nalias l='ls -CF'\n\n# Add an \"alert\" alias for long running commands. Use like so:\n# sleep 10; alert\nalias alert='notify-send --urgency=low -i \"$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)\" \"$(history|tail -n1|sed -e '\\''s/^\\s*[0-9]\\+\\s*//;s/[;&|]\\s*alert$//'\\'')\"'\n\n# Alias definitions.\n# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like\n# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.\n# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.\n\nif [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then\n . ~/.bash_aliases\nfi\n\n# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable\n# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile\n# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).\nif ! shopt -oq posix; then\n if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then\n . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion\n elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then\n . /etc/bash_completion\n fi\nfi", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238102} +{"input": "date -u -R '+%#A%+PE' ; od --read-bytes=33MB i6IhAA41UttUx", "input_args": ["date", "u", "-R", "'+%#A%+PE'", ";", "od", "--read-bytes=33MB", "i6IhAA41UttUx"], "output": "date: multiple output formats specified\nod: i6IhAA41UttUx: No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.7692307692307693, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238103} +{"input": "gzip --verbose -N logs_archive.tar.gz", "input_args": ["gzip", "--verbose", "-N", "logs_archive.tar.gz"], "output": "gzip: logs_archive.tar.gz already has .gz suffix -- unchanged", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238104} +{"input": "dir .. ..", "input_args": ["dir", ".. .."], "output": "..:\nubuntu\n\n..:\nubuntu", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238105} +{"input": "shred -n 8 .profile system_info.txt", "input_args": ["shred", "-n 8", ".profile system_info.txt"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/size\",4096],[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/time\",\"20:00\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/month\",\"Dec\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/day\",3],[\"=\",\"/fs/.profile/year\",2025],[\"=\",\"/fs/system_info.txt/size\",4096],[\"=\",\"/fs/system_info.txt/time\",\"20:00\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/system_info.txt/month\",\"Dec\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/system_info.txt/day\",3]]", "session_id": 238106} +{"input": "unexpand -a -a -t 7 --tabs=6 -a -t 7 --help /home/ubuntu/-L/tmp/1W1xHvLKwktkXq/sys/init-agent ttxZXj3WMBlfHp0 ; false", "input_args": ["unexpand", "a", "-a", "-t 7", "--tabs=6", "-a", "-t 7", "--help", "/home/ubuntu/-L/tmp/1W1xHvLKwktkXq/sys/init-agent ttxZXj3WMBlfHp0", ";", "false"], "output": "Usage: unexpand [OPTION]... [FILE]...\nConvert blanks in each FILE to tabs, writing to standard output.\n\nWith no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.\n\nMandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n -a, --all convert all blanks, instead of just initial blanks\n --first-only convert only leading sequences of blanks (overrides -a)\n -t, --tabs=N have tabs N characters apart instead of 8 (enables -a)\n -t, --tabs=LIST use comma separated list of tab positions.\n The last specified position can be prefixed with '/'\n to specify a tab size to use after the last\n explicitly specified tab stop. Also a prefix of '+'\n can be used to align remaining tab stops relative to\n the last specified tab stop instead of the first column\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) unexpand invocation'", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.3218390804597701, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238107} +{"input": "env -0 >> file", "input_args": ["env", "0", ">>", "file"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/file\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":247,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:56\"}]]", "session_id": 238108} +{"input": "gzip -S 9 -t user_data.csv.gz", "input_args": ["gzip", "-S 9", "t", "user_data.csv.gz"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.8, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238109} +{"input": "sort -Co file.1 --random-sort -T dir /home/ubuntu/scripts/cleanup_log.log", "input_args": ["sort", "-C", "o file.1", "--random-sort", "T dir", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/cleanup_log.log"], "output": "sort: options '-Co' are incompatible", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.6973684210526315, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238110} +{"input": "rmdir -v /home/ubuntu/file/home/Nl7NIdt8LH0p/dev/opt", "input_args": ["rmdir", "v", "/home/ubuntu/file/home/Nl7NIdt8LH0p/dev/opt"], "output": "rmdir: failed to remove '/home/ubuntu/file/home/Nl7NIdt8LH0p/dev/opt': No such file or directory\nrmdir: removing directory, '/home/ubuntu/file/home/Nl7NIdt8LH0p/dev/opt'", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.3333333333333333, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238111} +{"input": "free -VV --total -ml", "input_args": ["free", "-V", "V", "--total", "-m", "l"], "output": "free from procps-ng 4.0.4", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.19736842105263158, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238112} +{"input": "touch -t 02182053.14 -c file.2 HwjL9RG8uiDA file.2 | uniq", "input_args": ["touch", "-t 02182053.14", "c", "file.2 HwjL9RG8uiDA file.2", "|", "uniq"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.8181818181818182, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238113} +{"input": "uptime -p --pretty --since", "input_args": ["uptime", "p", "--pretty", "--since"], "output": "2025-12-03 19:59:43", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238114} +{"input": "ps -e --cols 21 -w", "input_args": ["ps", "-e", "--cols 21", "-w"], "output": " PID TTY TIME CMD\n 1 ? 00:00:00 init-agent\n 2 ? 00:00:00 kthreadd\n 3 ? 00:00:00 pool_workqueue_release\n 4 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-rcu_g\n 5 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-rcu_p\n 6 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-slub_\n 7 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-netns\n 8 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:0-rcu_gp\n 9 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:0H-events_highpri\n 10 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:1-events\n 11 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u2:0-events_unbound\n 12 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-mm_pe\n 13 ? 00:00:00 rcu_tasks_kthread\n 14 ? 00:00:00 ksoftirqd/0\n 15 ? 00:00:00 rcu_preempt\n 16 ? 00:00:00 migration/0\n 17 ? 00:00:00 cpuhp/0\n 18 ? 00:00:00 kdevtmpfs\n 19 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-inet_\n 20 ? 00:00:00 kauditd\n 21 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u2:1-eval_map_wq\n 22 ? 00:00:00 oom_reaper\n 23 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-write\n 24 ? 00:00:00 kcompactd0\n 25 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-kbloc\n 26 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-ata_s\n 27 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-md\n 28 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-md_bi\n 29 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u2:2-events_unbound\n 30 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:1H-kblockd\n 31 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-rpcio\n 32 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-xprti\n 33 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-cfg80\n 34 ? 00:00:00 kworker/u2:3\n 35 ? 00:00:00 kswapd0\n 36 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-nfsio\n 37 ? 00:00:00 irq/24-ACPI:Ged\n 38 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-acpi_\n 39 ? 00:00:00 kworker/0:2-events\n 40 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-mld\n 41 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-ipv6_\n 45 ? 00:00:00 jbd2/vda-8\n 46 ? 00:00:00 kworker/R-ext4-\n 65 ? 00:00:00 fc-agent\n 79 ? 00:00:00 sh\n 82 ? 00:00:00 timeout\n 83 ? 00:00:00 bash\n 167 ? 00:00:00 timeout\n 168 ? 00:00:00 bash\n 170 ? 00:00:00 ps\n 171 ? 00:00:00 head", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238115} +{"input": "nl --join-blank-lines=34 -w 180 TXvThBMEY6FX", "input_args": ["nl", "--join-blank-lines=34", "-w 180", "TXvThBMEY6FX"], "output": "nl: TXvThBMEY6FX: No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238116} +{"input": "find --help -H -LO370 -O90 . -ctime -4 -regextype grep -and -atime +3 -gid -9 -or -lname \".*\\.sh\" -inum +3 -a -inum -7", "input_args": ["find", "--help", "-H", "-L", "O370", "-O90", ".", "-ctime -4", "-regextype grep -and -atime +3", "-gid -9 -or -lname \".*\\.sh\"", "-inum +3 -a -inum -7"], "output": "Usage: find [-H] [-L] [-P] [-Olevel] [-D debugopts] [path...] [expression]\n\nDefault path is the current directory; default expression is -print.\nExpression may consist of: operators, options, tests, and actions.\n\nOperators (decreasing precedence; -and is implicit where no others are given):\n ( EXPR ) ! EXPR -not EXPR EXPR1 -a EXPR2 EXPR1 -and EXPR2\n EXPR1 -o EXPR2 EXPR1 -or EXPR2 EXPR1 , EXPR2\n\nPositional options (always true):\n -daystart -follow -nowarn -regextype -warn\n\nNormal options (always true, specified before other expressions):\n -depth -files0-from FILE -maxdepth LEVELS -mindepth LEVELS\n -mount -noleaf -xdev -ignore_readdir_race -noignore_readdir_race\n\nTests (N can be +N or -N or N):\n -amin N -anewer FILE -atime N -cmin N -cnewer FILE -context CONTEXT\n -ctime N -empty -false -fstype TYPE -gid N -group NAME -ilname PATTERN\n -iname PATTERN -inum N -iwholename PATTERN -iregex PATTERN\n -links N -lname PATTERN -mmin N -mtime N -name PATTERN -newer FILE\n -nouser -nogroup -path PATTERN -perm [-/]MODE -regex PATTERN\n -readable -writable -executable\n -wholename PATTERN -size N[bcwkMG] -true -type [bcdpflsD] -uid N\n -used N -user NAME -xtype [bcdpfls]\n\nActions:\n -delete -print0 -printf FORMAT -fprintf FILE FORMAT -print \n -fprint0 FILE -fprint FILE -ls -fls FILE -prune -quit\n -exec COMMAND ; -exec COMMAND {} + -ok COMMAND ;\n -execdir COMMAND ; -execdir COMMAND {} + -okdir COMMAND ;\n\nOther common options:\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\nValid arguments for -D:\nexec, opt, rates, search, stat, time, tree, all, help\nUse '-D help' for a description of the options, or see find(1)\n\nPlease see also the documentation at https://www.gnu.org/software/findutils/.\nYou can report (and track progress on fixing) bugs in the \"find\"\nprogram via the GNU findutils bug-reporting page at\nhttps://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=findutils or, if\nyou have no web access, by sending email to .", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5595667870036101, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238117} +{"input": "cut update_notes.txt system_info.txt /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1", "input_args": ["cut", "update_notes.txt system_info.txt /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/syslog.1"], "output": "cut: you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields\nTry 'cut --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238118} +{"input": "head uproot | od -v -", "input_args": ["head", "uproot", "|", "od", "-v", "-"], "output": "head: cannot open 'uproot' for reading: No such file or directory\n0000000", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238119} +{"input": "chown ubuntu:staff environment_variables.sh", "input_args": ["chown", "ubuntu:staff environment_variables.sh"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"=\",\"/fs/environment_variables.sh/group\",\"staff\"]]", "session_id": 238120} +{"input": "basename -s .bak -s .zip -s .bak -a -s .sh.8 /home/ubuntu/-/sbin.usr-is-merged/proc /home/ubuntu/eOzuvsAI/boot", "input_args": ["basename", "s .bak", "-s .zip", "s .bak", "-a", "-s .sh.8", "/home/ubuntu/-/sbin.usr-is-merged/proc", "/home/ubuntu/eOzuvsAI/boot"], "output": "proc\nboot", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6756756756756757, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238121} +{"input": "file -b --separator t -s -k --mime-type -F 8 -in user_data_backup.sh", "input_args": ["file", "-b", "--separator t", "s", "-k", "--mime-type", "F 8", "-i", "n", "user_data_backup.sh"], "output": "text/plain; charset=us-ascii", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.8716216216216216, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238122} +{"input": "echo uproot > maintenance_script.sh", "input_args": ["echo", "uproot > maintenance_script.sh"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"=\",\"/fs/maintenance_script.sh/size\",7],[\"=\",\"/fs/maintenance_script.sh/time\",\"20:01\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/maintenance_script.sh/month\",\"Dec\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/maintenance_script.sh/day\",3]]", "session_id": 238123} +{"input": "link /home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh /home/ubuntu/scripts/backup_script.py > newfile1", "input_args": ["link", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/backup_script.py", ">", "newfile1"], "output": "link: cannot create link '/home/ubuntu/scripts/backup_script.py' to '/home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh': File exists", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/newfile1\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-r--r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"root\",\"group\":\"root\",\"size\":0,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:57\"}]]", "session_id": 238124} +{"input": "grep -x -5 \"*\\.sh\" web.html | split -", "input_args": ["grep", "x", "-5", "\"*\\.sh\"", "web.html", "|", "split", "-"], "output": "", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.2, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238125} +{"input": "uname -p -n -i", "input_args": ["uname", "p", "-n", "-i"], "output": "ubuntu x86_64 x86_64", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238126} +{"input": "tail -q -n +328G user_data_backup.sh nSaM", "input_args": ["tail", "q", "-n +328G", "user_data_backup.sh nSaM"], "output": "tail: cannot open 'nSaM' for reading: No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238127} +{"input": "vdir --si -UB scripts", "input_args": ["vdir", "--si", "-U", "B", "scripts"], "output": "total 66k\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 11k May 30 2025 auto.tar\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 355 May 30 2025 hourly_sync.sh.gz\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 882 Oct 16 19:43 backup_script.py\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 796 Oct 16 19:43 weekly_maintenance.sh\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 391 Oct 16 19:43 cleanup_log.log\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 568 Oct 16 19:43 hourly_sync.sh\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 792 Oct 16 19:43 system_reboot.sh\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 714 Oct 16 19:43 backup.sh\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 1.6k May 30 2025 auto.tar.gz\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 853 Oct 16 19:43 monthly_backup.sh\ndrwxrwxr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.1k Oct 16 19:43 performance_tuning\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 752 Oct 16 19:43 restore_database.sh\n-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 652 Oct 16 19:43 daily_cleanup.sh\ndrwxrwxr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4.1k Oct 16 19:43 automation_tools", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.896551724137931, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238128} +{"input": "ls -L contact.txt", "input_args": ["ls", "-L", "contact.txt"], "output": "contact.txt", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238129} +{"input": "cat -s --show-ends -nA /home/ubuntu/scripts/cleanup_log.log .bash_logout | sort -S 445 -", "input_args": ["cat", "-s", "--show-ends", "n", "A", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/cleanup_log.log .bash_logout", "|", "sort", "S 445", "-"], "output": " 1\tError: Unable to backup directory /home/temp_images.^M$\n 2\tCleanup initiated at 2023-12-01 01:00:05.^M$\n 3\tDeleted temporary files: 125 items, freed 300MB.^M$\n 4\tError: Access denied in /home/projects/.temp.^M$\n 5\tCleanup completed at 2023-12-01 01:15:45.^M$\n 6\tStart daily cleanup routine at 2023-12-02 01:00:00.^M$\n 7\tRemoved outdated logs: 50 files, freed 120MB.^M$\n 8\tCleanup successfully completed at 2023-12-02 01:12:30.# ~/.bash_logout: executed by bash(1) when login shell exits.$\n 9\t$\n 10\t# when leaving the console clear the screen to increase privacy$\n 11\t$\n 12\tif [ \"$SHLVL\" = 1 ]; then$\n 13\t [ -x /usr/bin/clear_console ] && /usr/bin/clear_console -q$\n 14\tfi$", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.7468354430379747, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238130} +{"input": "paste .bashrc network_setup.sh /home/ubuntu/scripts/monthly_backup.sh", "input_args": ["paste", ".bashrc network_setup.sh /home/ubuntu/scripts/monthly_backup.sh"], "output": "# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.\t#!/bin/bash\r\tbash\r\n# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)\t\r\t#!/bin/bash\r\n# for examples\t# Script to configure network settings\r\t# Monthly Backup Script\r\n\t\r\t# This script backs up user data and system configurations.\r\n# If not running interactively, don't do anything\t# Set up the network interface eth0\r\t\r\ncase $- in\tifconfig eth0 up\r\t# Define the backup directories\r\n *i*) ;;\tifconfig eth0 192.168.1.100 netmask 255.255.255.0\r\tUSER_DATA=\"/home/ubuntu/data_snapshots/\"\r\n *) return;;\troute add default gw 192.168.1.1 eth0\r\tCONFIG_DIR=\"/home/ubuntu/\"\r\nesac\t\r\tBACKUP_DEST=\"/home/ubuntu/archives/\"\r\n\t# Enable DNS\r\t\r\n# don't put duplicate lines or lines starting with space in the history.\techo \"nameserver 8.8.8.8\" > /etc/resolv.conf\r\t# Get current date in yyyy-mm-dd format\r\n# See bash(1) for more options\techo \"nameserver 8.8.4.4\" >> /etc/resolv.conf\r\tCURRENT_DATE=$(date +\"%Y-%m-%d\")\r\nHISTCONTROL=ignoreboth\t\r\t\r\n\t# Restart networking services\r\t# Create a filename with datestamp for our backup.\r\n# append to the history file, don't overwrite it\tsystemctl restart networking.service\r\tBACKUP_NAME=\"backup_$CURRENT_DATE.tar.gz\"\r\nshopt -s histappend\t\r\t\r\n\techo \"Network setup completed.\"\t# Print start status message.\r\n# for setting history length see HISTSIZE and HISTFILESIZE in bash(1)\t\techo \"Starting backup at $(date)\"\r\nHISTSIZE=1000\t\techo \"Backing up to $BACKUP_DEST$BACKUP_NAME\"\r\nHISTFILESIZE=2000\t\t\r\n\t\t# Backup the directories into a tar file.\r\n# check the window size after each command and, if necessary,\t\ttar czf $BACKUP_DEST$BACKUP_NAME $USER_DATA $CONFIG_DIR\r\n# update the values of LINES and COLUMNS.\t\t\r\nshopt -s checkwinsize\t\t# Print end status message.\r\n\t\techo \"Backup completed at $(date)\"\r\n# If set, the pattern \"**\" used in a pathname expansion context will\t\techo \"Backup file created: $BACKUP_DEST$BACKUP_NAME\"\r\n# match all files and zero or more directories and subdirectories.\t\t\r\n#shopt -s globstar\t\t# Long listing of files in $dest to check file sizes and file names.\r\n\t\tls -lh $BACKUP_DEST\r\n# make less more friendly for non-text input files, see lesspipe(1)\t\t\n[ -x /usr/bin/lesspipe ] && eval \"$(SHELL=/bin/sh lesspipe)\"\t\t\n\t\t\n# set variable identifying the chroot you work in (used in the prompt below)\t\t\nif [ -z \"${debian_chroot:-}\" ] && [ -r /etc/debian_chroot ]; then\t\t\n debian_chroot=$(cat /etc/debian_chroot)\t\t\nfi\t\t\n\t\t\n# set a fancy prompt (non-color, unless we know we \"want\" color)\t\t\ncase \"$TERM\" in\t\t\n xterm-color|*-256color) color_prompt=yes;;\t\t\nesac\t\t\n\t\t\n# uncomment for a colored prompt, if the terminal has the capability; turned\t\t\n# off by default to not distract the user: the focus in a terminal window\t\t\n# should be on the output of commands, not on the prompt\t\t\n#force_color_prompt=yes\t\t\n\t\t\nif [ -n \"$force_color_prompt\" ]; then\t\t\n if [ -x /usr/bin/tput ] && tput setaf 1 >&/dev/null; then\t\t\n\t# We have color support; assume it's compliant with Ecma-48\t\t\n\t# (ISO/IEC-6429). (Lack of such support is extremely rare, and such\t\t\n\t# a case would tend to support setf rather than setaf.)\t\t\n\tcolor_prompt=yes\t\t\n else\t\t\n\tcolor_prompt=\t\t\n fi\t\t\nfi\t\t\n\t\t\nif [ \"$color_prompt\" = yes ]; then\t\t\n PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\\[\\033[01;32m\\]\\u@\\h\\[\\033[00m\\]:\\[\\033[01;34m\\]\\w\\[\\033[00m\\]\\$ '\t\t\nelse\t\t\n PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\\u@\\h:\\w\\$ '\t\t\nfi\t\t\nunset color_prompt force_color_prompt\t\t\n\t\t\n# If this is an xterm set the title to user@host:dir\t\t\ncase \"$TERM\" in\t\t\nxterm*|rxvt*)\t\t\n PS1=\"\\[\\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\\u@\\h: \\w\\a\\]$PS1\"\t\t\n ;;\t\t\n*)\t\t\n ;;\t\t\nesac\t\t\n\t\t\n# enable color support of ls and also add handy aliases\t\t\nif [ -x /usr/bin/dircolors ]; then\t\t\n test -r ~/.dircolors && eval \"$(dircolors -b ~/.dircolors)\" || eval \"$(dircolors -b)\"\t\t\n alias ls='ls --color=auto'\t\t\n #alias dir='dir --color=auto'\t\t\n #alias vdir='vdir --color=auto'\t\t\n\t\t\n alias grep='grep --color=auto'\t\t\n alias fgrep='fgrep --color=auto'\t\t\n alias egrep='egrep --color=auto'\t\t\nfi\t\t\n\t\t\n# colored GCC warnings and errors\t\t\n#export GCC_COLORS='error=01;31:warning=01;35:note=01;36:caret=01;32:locus=01:quote=01'\t\t\n\t\t\n# some more ls aliases\t\t\nalias ll='ls -alF'\t\t\nalias la='ls -A'\t\t\nalias l='ls -CF'\t\t\n\t\t\n# Add an \"alert\" alias for long running commands. Use like so:\t\t\n# sleep 10; alert\t\t\nalias alert='notify-send --urgency=low -i \"$([ $? = 0 ] && echo terminal || echo error)\" \"$(history|tail -n1|sed -e '\\''s/^\\s*[0-9]\\+\\s*//;s/[;&|]\\s*alert$//'\\'')\"'\t\t\n\t\t\n# Alias definitions.\t\t\n# You may want to put all your additions into a separate file like\t\t\n# ~/.bash_aliases, instead of adding them here directly.\t\t\n# See /usr/share/doc/bash-doc/examples in the bash-doc package.\t\t\n\t\t\nif [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then\t\t\n . ~/.bash_aliases\t\t\nfi\t\t\n\t\t\n# enable programmable completion features (you don't need to enable\t\t\n# this, if it's already enabled in /etc/bash.bashrc and /etc/profile\t\t\n# sources /etc/bash.bashrc).\t\t\nif ! shopt -oq posix; then\t\t\n if [ -f /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion ]; then\t\t\n . /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion\t\t\n elif [ -f /etc/bash_completion ]; then\t\t\n . /etc/bash_completion\t\t\n fi\t\t\nfi\t\t", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238131} +{"input": "date -d yesterday -s 1 seconds '+%V4'", "input_args": ["date", "-d yesterday", "s 1 seconds", "'+%V4'"], "output": "date: the options to print and set the time may not be used together\nTry 'date --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238132} +{"input": "head -z --zero-terminated -z .profile /home/ubuntu/fold/init-agent", "input_args": ["head", "z", "--zero-terminated", "z", ".profile /home/ubuntu/fold/init-agent"], "output": "head: cannot open '/home/ubuntu/fold/init-agent' for reading: No such file or directory\n==> .profile <==\n# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.\n# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login\n# exists.\n# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.\n# the files are located in the bash-doc package.\n\n# the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask\n# for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package.\n#umask 022\n\n# if running bash\nif [ -n \"$BASH_VERSION\" ]; then\n # include .bashrc if it exists\n if [ -f \"$HOME/.bashrc\" ]; then\n\t. \"$HOME/.bashrc\"\n fi\nfi\n\n# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\nif [ -d \"$HOME/bin\" ] ; then\n PATH=\"$HOME/bin:$PATH\"\nfi\n\n# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\nif [ -d \"$HOME/.local/bin\" ] ; then\n PATH=\"$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH\"\nfi", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.4482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238133} +{"input": "od --output-duplicates -w110kB --traditional -A VUk9z -v -A w6nY -v /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/error_logs.log", "input_args": ["od", "--output-duplicates", "-w110kB", "--traditional", "-A VUk9z", "v", "-A w6nY", "v", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/error_logs.log"], "output": "od: invalid suffix in -w argument '110kB'", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.10984848484848485, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238134} +{"input": "w --help -ps root", "input_args": ["w", "--help", "-p", "s", "root"], "output": "\nUsage:\n w [options] [user]\n\nOptions:\n -h, --no-header do not print header\n -u, --no-current ignore current process username\n -s, --short short format\n -f, --from show remote hostname field\n -o, --old-style old style output\n -i, --ip-addr display IP address instead of hostname (if possible)\n -p, --pids show the PID(s) of processes in WHAT\n\n --help display this help and exit\n -V, --version output version information and exit\n\nFor more details see w(1).", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238135} +{"input": "ip -Version r save scope global | tail -c +900G -c 491K -vvq", "input_args": ["ip", "-Version", "r", "save", "scope global", "|", "tail", "c +900G", "c 491K", "v", "v", "q"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6095238095238096, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238136} +{"input": "wc --files0-from=update_notes.txt.2 user_data_backup.sh | wc", "input_args": ["wc", "--files0-from=update_notes.txt.2", "user_data_backup.sh", "|", "wc"], "output": "wc: extra operand 'user_data_backup.sh'\nfile operands cannot be combined with --files0-from\nTry 'wc --help' for more information.\n 0 0 0", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.75, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238137} +{"input": "ip -t r list proto 23 ", "input_args": ["ip", "-t", "r", "list", "proto 23 "], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.896551724137931, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238138} +{"input": "wc update_notes.txt.1 update_notes.txt | cut -sn", "input_args": ["wc", "update_notes.txt.1 update_notes.txt", "|", "cut", "s", "n"], "output": "cut: you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields\nTry 'cut --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238139} +{"input": "unexpand -a .profile ; nproc", "input_args": ["unexpand", "a", ".profile", ";", "nproc"], "output": "# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.\n# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login\n# exists.\n# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.\n# the files are located in the bash-doc package.\n\n# the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask\n# for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package.\n#umask 022\n\n# if running bash\nif [ -n \"$BASH_VERSION\" ]; then\n # include .bashrc if it exists\n if [ -f \"$HOME/.bashrc\" ]; then\n\t. \"$HOME/.bashrc\"\n fi\nfi\n\n# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\nif [ -d \"$HOME/bin\" ] ; then\n PATH=\"$HOME/bin:$PATH\"\nfi\n\n# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists\nif [ -d \"$HOME/.local/bin\" ] ; then\n PATH=\"$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH\"\nfi\n1", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.75, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238140} +{"input": "date -R --utc -r /home/ubuntu/scripts/cleanup_log.log --iso-8601=hours --date=today -u --help --rfc-email --debug --help -s '@536' '+%N0%d%0dE'", "input_args": ["date", "-R", "--utc", "r /home/ubuntu/scripts/cleanup_log.log", "--iso-8601=hours", "--date=today", "u", "--help", "--rfc-email", "--debug", "--help", "-s '@536'", "'+%N0%d%0dE'"], "output": "date: multiple output formats specified", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.539440203562341, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238141} +{"input": "ip -V r list table default", "input_args": ["ip", "-V", "r", "list", "table default"], "output": "ip utility, iproute2-6.1.0, libbpf 1.3.0", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238142} +{"input": "sort -io file.1 -T docs projects.html", "input_args": ["sort", "i", "o file.1", "-T docs", "projects.html"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4827586206896552, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/file.1\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-r--r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"root\",\"group\":\"root\",\"size\":1032,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:57\"}]]", "session_id": 238143} +{"input": "rm --verbose --no-preserve-root -dd --dir [a-zA-Z]*.log", "input_args": ["rm", "--verbose", "--no-preserve-root", "d", "d", "--dir", "[a-zA-Z]*.log"], "output": "rm: cannot remove '[a-zA-Z]*.log': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.0053475935828877, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238144} +{"input": "env -iS monkey=bumblebee --help | grep \"*\\.zip\"", "input_args": ["env", "-i", "S monkey=bumblebee", "--help", "|", "grep", "\"*\\.zip\""], "output": "env: '--help': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.8181818181818182, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238145} +{"input": "od -A Yk2f -A 1v -v user_data_backup.sh", "input_args": ["od", "A Yk2f", "A 1v", "v", "user_data_backup.sh"], "output": "od: invalid output address radix 'Y'; it must be one character from [doxn]", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.1724137931034483, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238146} +{"input": "printenv --help -0 XDG_DATA_DIRS DESKTOP_SESSION", "input_args": ["printenv", "--help", "-0", "XDG_DATA_DIRS DESKTOP_SESSION"], "output": "Usage: printenv [OPTION]... [VARIABLE]...\nPrint the values of the specified environment VARIABLE(s).\nIf no VARIABLE is specified, print name and value pairs for them all.\n\n -0, --null end each output line with NUL, not newline\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\nNOTE: your shell may have its own version of printenv, which usually supersedes\nthe version described here. Please refer to your shell's documentation\nfor details about the options it supports.\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) printenv invocation'", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238147} +{"input": "chgrp -R video system_info.txt", "input_args": ["chgrp", "-R", "video system_info.txt"], "output": "chgrp: changing group of 'system_info.txt': Operation not permitted", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.3333333333333333, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238148} +{"input": "false | od -v -N 340 -j 256M --endian=big -vj 630b -v", "input_args": ["false", "|", "od", "-v", "-N 340", "j 256M", "--endian=big", "-v", "j 630b", "-v"], "output": "od: cannot skip past end of combined input", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.008888888888888889, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238149} +{"input": "rm /home/ubuntu/-/sbin.usr-is-merged/media/uproot/init-agent", "input_args": ["rm", "/home/ubuntu/-/sbin.usr-is-merged/media/uproot/init-agent"], "output": "rm: cannot remove '/home/ubuntu/-/sbin.usr-is-merged/media/uproot/init-agent': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238150} +{"input": "wc -cl --max-line-length /home/ubuntu/scripts/restore_database.sh /home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh", "input_args": ["wc", "c", "l", "--max-line-length", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/restore_database.sh /home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh"], "output": " 29 752 91 /home/ubuntu/scripts/restore_database.sh\n 29 792 94 /home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh\n 58 1544 94 total", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238151} +{"input": "export --help -p -- ; dir [a-zA-Z0-9]*.y", "input_args": ["export", "--help", "-p", "--", ";", "dir", "[a-zA-Z0-9]*.y"], "output": "export: export [-fn] [name[=value] ...] or export -p\n Set export attribute for shell variables.\n \n Marks each NAME for automatic export to the environment of subsequently\n executed commands. If VALUE is supplied, assign VALUE before exporting.\n \n Options:\n -f\trefer to shell functions\n -n\tremove the export property from each NAME\n -p\tdisplay a list of all exported variables and functions\n \n An argument of `--' disables further option processing.\n \n Exit Status:\n Returns success unless an invalid option is given or NAME is invalid.\ndir: cannot access '[a-zA-Z0-9]*.y': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.5454545454545454, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238152} +{"input": "chmod -R -f -v update_notes.txt.2 | cpio -R Nkspp > docs.cpio", "input_args": ["chmod", "-R", "-f", "-v", "update_notes.txt.2", "|", "cpio", "-R Nkspp", ">", "docs.cpio"], "output": "chmod: missing operand after 'update_notes.txt.2'\nTry 'chmod --help' for more information.\ncpio: Nkspp: invalid user\nTry 'cpio --help' or 'cpio --usage' for more information.", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.0967741935483871, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/docs.cpio\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":0,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"20:00\"}]]", "session_id": 238153} +{"input": "last tty4 tty6", "input_args": ["last", "tty4", "tty6"], "output": "\nwtmp begins Mon Nov 10 21:48:11 2025", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238154} +{"input": "env --debug -S bob=jcpu1VMiQyTW", "input_args": ["env", "--debug", "-S bob=jcpu1VMiQyTW"], "output": "split -S: 'bob=jcpu1VMiQyTW'\n into: 'bob=jcpu1VMiQyTW'\nsetenv: bob=jcpu1VMiQyTW\nSHELL=/bin/bash\nPWD=/home/ubuntu\nLOGNAME=ubuntu\nHOME=/home/ubuntu\nTERM=linux\nUSER=ubuntu\nSHLVL=2\nPATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin\nMAIL=/var/mail/ubuntu\nOLDPWD=/\n_=/usr/bin/env\nbob=jcpu1VMiQyTW", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238155} +{"input": "env -v --list-signal-handling --help -u _ -C .. -0 --v", "input_args": ["env", "v", "--list-signal-handling", "--help", "u _", "C ..", "0", "--", "v"], "output": "Usage: env [OPTION]... [-] [NAME=VALUE]... [COMMAND [ARG]...]\nSet each NAME to VALUE in the environment and run COMMAND.\n\nMandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n -i, --ignore-environment start with an empty environment\n -0, --null end each output line with NUL, not newline\n -u, --unset=NAME remove variable from the environment\n -C, --chdir=DIR change working directory to DIR\n -S, --split-string=S process and split S into separate arguments;\n used to pass multiple arguments on shebang lines\n --block-signal[=SIG] block delivery of SIG signal(s) to COMMAND\n --default-signal[=SIG] reset handling of SIG signal(s) to the default\n --ignore-signal[=SIG] set handling of SIG signal(s) to do nothing\n --list-signal-handling list non default signal handling to stderr\n -v, --debug print verbose information for each processing step\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\nA mere - implies -i. If no COMMAND, print the resulting environment.\n\nSIG may be a signal name like 'PIPE', or a signal number like '13'.\nWithout SIG, all known signals are included. Multiple signals can be\ncomma-separated. An empty SIG argument is a no-op.\n\nExit status:\n 125 if the env command itself fails\n 126 if COMMAND is found but cannot be invoked\n 127 if COMMAND cannot be found\n - the exit status of COMMAND otherwise\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) env invocation'", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.36065573770491804, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238156} +{"input": "arch | split -u -", "input_args": ["arch", "|", "split", "u", "-"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/xaa\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":7,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:58\"}]]", "session_id": 238157} +{"input": "free | tr -s \"[:cntrl:]\"", "input_args": ["free", "|", "tr", "s", "\"[:cntrl:]\""], "output": " total used free shared buff/cache available\nMem: 221472 19980 191500 4 16664 201492\nSwap: 0 0 0", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238158} +{"input": "w --from --from --no-current -s --short uproot", "input_args": ["w", "--from", "--from", "--no-current", "s", "--short", "uproot"], "output": " 19:59:38 up 0 min, 0 user, load average: 0.00, 0.00, 0.00\nUSER TTY FROM IDLE WHAT", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6096256684491979, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238159} +{"input": "ip -p addr change 172.16.0.110.100.116.150/14 dev sit0@NONE autojoin | nl -p -n rz", "input_args": ["ip", "p", "addr", "change", "172.16.0.110.100.116.150/14", "dev sit0@NONE", "autojoin", "|", "nl", "-p", "-n rz"], "output": "Error: any valid prefix is expected rather than \"172.16.0.110.100.116.150/14\".", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.26842105263157895, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238160} +{"input": "touch -t 01200941.17 --help system_status_report.txt system_status.sh system_status.sh", "input_args": ["touch", "t 01200941.17", "--help", "system_status_report.txt system_status.sh system_status.sh"], "output": "Usage: touch [OPTION]... FILE...\nUpdate the access and modification times of each FILE to the current time.\n\nA FILE argument that does not exist is created empty, unless -c or -h\nis supplied.\n\nA FILE argument string of - is handled specially and causes touch to\nchange the times of the file associated with standard output.\n\nMandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.\n -a change only the access time\n -c, --no-create do not create any files\n -d, --date=STRING parse STRING and use it instead of current time\n -f (ignored)\n -h, --no-dereference affect each symbolic link instead of any referenced\n file (useful only on systems that can change the\n timestamps of a symlink)\n -m change only the modification time\n -r, --reference=FILE use this file's times instead of current time\n -t STAMP use [[CC]YY]MMDDhhmm[.ss] instead of current time\n --time=WORD change the specified time:\n WORD is access, atime, or use: equivalent to -a\n WORD is modify or mtime: equivalent to -m\n --help display this help and exit\n --version output version information and exit\n\nNote that the -d and -t options accept different time-date formats.\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) touch invocation'", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238161} +{"input": "tail -c +273K --quiet rusted web.html", "input_args": ["tail", "c +273K", "--quiet", "rusted web.html"], "output": "tail: cannot open 'rusted' for reading: No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238162} +{"input": "sort -m --sort=general-numeric -i .profile /home/ubuntu/scripts/hourly_sync.sh.gz /home/ubuntu/bumblebee/init-agent", "input_args": ["sort", "-m", "--sort=general-numeric", "i", ".profile /home/ubuntu/scripts/hourly_sync.sh.gz /home/ubuntu/bumblebee/init-agent"], "output": "sort: options '-gi' are incompatible", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.27586206896551724, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238163} +{"input": "du -k -sk --files0-from=maintenance_script.sh /home/ubuntu/scripts/weekly_maintenance.sh", "input_args": ["du", "k", "-s", "k", "--files0-from=maintenance_script.sh /home/ubuntu/scripts/weekly_maintenance.sh"], "output": "du: extra operand '/home/ubuntu/scripts/weekly_maintenance.sh'\nfile operands cannot be combined with --files0-from\nTry 'du --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.4482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238164} +{"input": "date -d today -ur /home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh -R -s yesterday -R -Iminutes -Idate --help -s 1994-03-15 -u '+%e0'", "input_args": ["date", "d today", "-u", "r /home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh", "-R", "-s yesterday", "-R", "-Iminutes", "-Idate", "--help", "s 1994-03-15", "-u", "'+%e0'"], "output": "date: multiple output formats specified", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.09620253164556962, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238165} +{"input": "sort -s -T dir /home/ubuntu/PARTTYPENAME/init-agent", "input_args": ["sort", "-s", "-T dir", "/home/ubuntu/PARTTYPENAME/init-agent"], "output": "sort: cannot read: /home/ubuntu/PARTTYPENAME/init-agent: No such file or directory", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.5, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238166} +{"input": "last MZLMHtI 6", "input_args": ["last", "MZLMHtI", "6"], "output": "\nwtmp begins Mon Nov 10 21:48:11 2025", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.3333333333333333, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238167} +{"input": "ip -n bumblebee addr showdump", "input_args": ["ip", "n bumblebee", "addr", "showdump"], "output": "Cannot open network namespace \"bumblebee\": No such file or directory", "exit_code": 255, "redundancy_score": 0.3, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238168} +{"input": "nl -f t -d h -h pBRE -n rz -p -ph a -p -n rz -p -i 42 /home/ubuntu/file/boot/proc/etc/init-agent environment_variables.sh server_config.py", "input_args": ["nl", "f t", "-d h", "h pBRE", "n rz", "-p", "-p", "h a", "p", "-n rz", "-p", "-i 42", "/home/ubuntu/file/boot/proc/etc/init-agent environment_variables.sh server_config.py"], "output": "nl: /home/ubuntu/file/boot/proc/etc/init-agent: No such file or directory\n000001\tbash\r\n000043\t#!/bin/bash\r\n000085\t\r\n000127\t# Set environment variables for the application.\r\n000169\t\r\n000211\texport APP_NAME=\"MyApplication\"\r\n000253\texport APP_ENV=\"production\"\r\n000295\texport DATABASE_URL=\"mongodb://localhost:27017/myapp\"\r\n000337\texport REDIS_URL=\"redis://localhost:6379\"\r\n000379\texport SMTP_SERVER=\"smtp.example.com\"\r\n000421\texport EMAIL_USER=\"user@example.com\"\r\n000463\texport EMAIL_PASSWORD=\"password123\"\r\n000505\texport SECRET_KEY=\"yoursecretkey12345\"\r\n000547\t\r\n000589\techo \"Environment variables set.\"\r\n000631\tpython\r\n000673\t# Server Configuration Settings\r\n000715\t# server_config.py\r\n000757\t\r\n000799\t# Configure the server parameters\r\n000841\tSERVER_ADDRESS = '192.168.1.100'\r\n000883\tSERVER_PORT = 8000\r\n000925\tMAX_CONNECTIONS = 50\r\n000967\tTIMEOUT = 1500\r\n001009\t\r\n001051\t# Logging settings\r\n001093\tLOGGING_ENABLED = True\r\n001135\tLOG_FILE_PATH = 'logs_archive/log_file.txt'\r\n001177\t\r\n001219\t# Security settings\r\n001261\tSSL_CERT_PATH = '/etc/ssl/cert.pem'\r\n001303\tSSL_KEY_PATH = '/etc/ssl/key.pem'\r\n001345\tENFORCE_SSL = True\r\n001387\t\r\n001429\t# Database configuration\r\n001471\tDB_HOST = 'localhost'\r\n001513\tDB_PORT = 5432\r\n001555\tDB_NAME = 'app_database'\r\n001597\tDB_USER = 'dbuser'\r\n001639\tDB_PASSWORD = 'securepassword'\r\n001681\t\r\n001723\t# API configuration\r\n001765\tAPI_KEY = 'YOUR_API_KEY_HERE'\r\n001807\tAPI_SECRET = 'YOUR_SECRET_KEY_HERE'\r\n001849\t\r\n001891\tdef init_server():\r\n001933\t print(\"Initializing server configuration...\")\r\n001975\t # Initialization logic here\r\n002017\t\r\n002059\tif __name__ == '__main__':\r\n002101\t init_server()\r", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.4481865284974093, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238169} +{"input": "vdir -w 7 [0-9]*matrix[0-9]*", "input_args": ["vdir", "w 7", "[0-9]*matrix[0-9]*"], "output": "vdir: cannot access '[0-9]*matrix[0-9]*': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238170} +{"input": "mv -t scripts --update --update -t /home/ubuntu/file.1/var/boot/proc/run/opt/proc/usr -t /home/ubuntu/system_status_report.txt/etc/usr/root -T --target-directory=. --backup=none -t /home/ubuntu/\"[Q*REPEAT]\"/etc -n update_notes.txt file.1", "input_args": ["mv", "t scripts", "--update", "--update", "-t /home/ubuntu/file.1/var/boot/proc/run/opt/proc/usr", "t /home/ubuntu/system_status_report.txt/etc/usr/root", "T", "--target-directory=.", "--backup=none", "-t /home/ubuntu/\"[Q*REPEAT]\"/etc", "-n", "update_notes.txt", "file.1"], "output": "mv: multiple target directories specified", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.015306122448979591, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238171} +{"input": "export vff30eTSnzanPHoZ", "input_args": ["export", "vff30eTSnzanPHoZ"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238172} +{"input": "ip -details addr del 172.16.0.110.100.116.150/13 peer 172.16.0.110.100.116.150/22 broadcast 172.16.144.32 dev lo", "input_args": ["ip", "-details", "addr", "del", "172.16.0.110.100.116.150/13 peer 172.16.0.110.100.116.150/22 broadcast 172.16.144.32", "dev lo"], "output": "Error: any valid prefix is expected rather than \"172.16.0.110.100.116.150/13\".", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.3815789473684211, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238173} +{"input": "paste update_notes.txt > file.2", "input_args": ["paste", "update_notes.txt", ">", "file.2"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/file.2\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-rw-r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"ubuntu\",\"group\":\"ubuntu\",\"size\":727,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:57\"}]]", "session_id": 238174} +{"input": "paste -z -s --zero-terminated -s maintenance_script.sh", "input_args": ["paste", "z", "-s", "--zero-terminated", "s", "maintenance_script.sh"], "output": "bash\r\n#!/bin/bash\r\n\r\n# Maintenance script for routine server checkup\r\n\r\necho \"Starting server maintenance operations.\"\r\n\r\n# Update all packages\r\necho \"Updating system packages...\"\r\nsudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade -y\r\n\r\n# Clean up unnecessary files\r\necho \"Cleaning up disk space...\"\r\nsudo apt-get autoremove -y\r\nsudo apt-get autoclean\r\n\r\n# Check disk space usage\r\necho \"Checking disk space...\"\r\ndf -h\r\n\r\n# Restarting services\r\necho \"Restarting essential services...\"\r\nsudo systemctl restart apache2\r\nsudo systemctl restart mysql\r\n\r\necho \"Maintenance operations completed.\"\r\n\r\n# Log maintenance activity\r\necho \"$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') - Maintenance run complete\" >> /var/log/maintenance_log.log\r\n\r\nexit 0\r\n\u0000", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.5657894736842105, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238175} +{"input": "grep -hD read \"^./.*\\.sh\" network_setup.sh", "input_args": ["grep", "h", "D read", "\"^./.*\\.sh\"", "network_setup.sh"], "output": "", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.1724137931034483, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238176} +{"input": "tar -A --exclude-ignore-recursive=/home/ubuntu/scripts/cleanup_log.log -a -o --compress --touch -l -Gi documents.tar documents.tar", "input_args": ["tar", "-A", "--exclude-ignore-recursive=/home/ubuntu/scripts/cleanup_log.log", "-a", "-o", "--compress", "--touch", "l", "-G", "i", "documents.tar", "documents.tar"], "output": "tar: Cannot concatenate compressed archives\nTry 'tar --help' or 'tar --usage' for more information.", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.0029411764705882353, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238177} +{"input": "cut X8e4xdrqmq projects.html /home/ubuntu/scripts/backup_script.py ; split -n 278 --verbose --hex-suffixes -e /home/ubuntu/user_config.json/init-agent q", "input_args": ["cut", "X8e4xdrqmq projects.html /home/ubuntu/scripts/backup_script.py", ";", "split", "-n 278", "--verbose", "--hex-suffixes", "-e", "/home/ubuntu/user_config.json/init-agent", "q"], "output": "cut: you must specify a list of bytes, characters, or fields\nTry 'cut --help' for more information.\nsplit: cannot open '/home/ubuntu/user_config.json/init-agent' for reading: Not a directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.18085106382978725, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238178} +{"input": "fold -w 82 -w 301 -b -w 82 -b -ss -bw 243 --width=927 /home/ubuntu/--version/init-agent", "input_args": ["fold", "w 82", "w 301", "b", "-w 82", "-b", "-s", "s", "-b", "w 243", "--width=927", "/home/ubuntu/--version/init-agent"], "output": "fold: /home/ubuntu/--version/init-agent: No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.43478260869565216, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238179} +{"input": "free ; rmdir logs_archive", "input_args": ["free", ";", "rmdir", "logs_archive"], "output": " total used free shared buff/cache available\nMem: 221472 20096 191544 4 16488 201376\nSwap: 0 0 0\nrmdir: failed to remove 'logs_archive': Directory not empty", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238180} +{"input": "ln -S s -b /usr/bin/w logs_archive", "input_args": ["ln", "-S s", "b", "/usr/bin/w", "logs_archive"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4482758620689655, "context_patch": "[[\"=\",\"/fs/logs_archive/size\",60],[\"=\",\"/fs/logs_archive/links\",1],[\"=\",\"/fs/logs_archive/time\",\"20:02\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/logs_archive/month\",\"Dec\"],[\"=\",\"/fs/logs_archive/day\",3]]", "session_id": 238181} +{"input": "printenv -0 XDG_MENU_PREFIX SHLVL XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP", "input_args": ["printenv", "0", "XDG_MENU_PREFIX SHLVL XDG_SESSION_DESKTOP"], "output": "2\u0000", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238182} +{"input": "touch file | tr --truncate-set1 j Q", "input_args": ["touch", "file", "|", "tr", "--truncate-set1", "j", "Q"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.8181818181818182, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/file\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-r--r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"root\",\"group\":\"root\",\"size\":0,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:58\"}]]", "session_id": 238183} +{"input": "tail -n 204M -c +448 update_notes.txt", "input_args": ["tail", "n 204M", "-c +448", "update_notes.txt"], "output": "ty API integrations for better performance.\r\n- **Bug Fixes**: Fixed minor UI glitches reported by users.\r\n\r\nPlease ensure all system backups are complete before proceeding with the software update. For installation guidance, refer to the user manual or contact technical support.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.8, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238184} +{"input": "file -n --help -ie text UxHaaCDb7zyI8g93 server_config.py contact.txt", "input_args": ["file", "-n", "--help", "-i", "e text", "UxHaaCDb7zyI8g93 server_config.py contact.txt"], "output": "Usage: file [OPTION...] [FILE...]\nDetermine type of FILEs.\n\n --help display this help and exit\n -v, --version output version information and exit\n -m, --magic-file LIST use LIST as a colon-separated list of magic\n number files\n -z, --uncompress try to look inside compressed files\n -Z, --uncompress-noreport only print the contents of compressed files\n -b, --brief do not prepend filenames to output lines\n -c, --checking-printout print the parsed form of the magic file, use in\n conjunction with -m to debug a new magic file\n before installing it\n -e, --exclude TEST exclude TEST from the list of test to be\n performed for file. Valid tests are:\n apptype, ascii, cdf, compress, csv, elf,\n encoding, soft, tar, json, simh,\n text, tokens\n --exclude-quiet TEST like exclude, but ignore unknown tests\n -f, --files-from FILE read the filenames to be examined from FILE\n -F, --separator STRING use string as separator instead of `:'\n -i, --mime output MIME type strings (--mime-type and\n --mime-encoding)\n --apple output the Apple CREATOR/TYPE\n --extension output a slash-separated list of extensions\n --mime-type output the MIME type\n --mime-encoding output the MIME encoding\n -k, --keep-going don't stop at the first match\n -l, --list list magic strength\n -L, --dereference follow symlinks (default if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set)\n -h, --no-dereference don't follow symlinks (default if POSIXLY_CORRECT is not set) (default)\n -n, --no-buffer do not buffer output\n -N, --no-pad do not pad output\n -0, --print0 terminate filenames with ASCII NUL\n -p, --preserve-date preserve access times on files\n -P, --parameter set file engine parameter limits\n bytes 7340032 max bytes to look inside file\n elf_notes 256 max ELF notes processed\n elf_phnum 2048 max ELF prog sections processed\n elf_shnum 32768 max ELF sections processed\n elf_shsize 134217728 max ELF section size\n encoding 65536 max bytes to scan for encoding\n indir 50 recursion limit for indirection\n name 50 use limit for name/use magic\n regex 8192 length limit for REGEX searches\n -r, --raw don't translate unprintable chars to \\ooo\n -s, --special-files treat special (block/char devices) files as\n ordinary ones\n -S, --no-sandbox disable system call sandboxing\n -C, --compile compile file specified by -m\n -d, --debug print debugging messages\n\nReport bugs to https://bugs.astron.com/", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4342105263157895, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238185} +{"input": "/usr/bin/false --help | tail", "input_args": ["/usr/bin/false", "--help", "|", "tail"], "output": " --version output version information and exit\n\nNOTE: your shell may have its own version of false, which usually supersedes\nthe version described here. Please refer to your shell's documentation\nfor details about the options it supports.\n\nGNU coreutils online help: \nReport any translation bugs to \nFull documentation \nor available locally via: info '(coreutils) false invocation'", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238186} +{"input": "mkfifo -m 68 --version -Z --version monkey", "input_args": ["mkfifo", "m 68", "--version", "Z", "--version", "monkey"], "output": "mkfifo (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by David MacKenzie.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.17105263157894737, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238187} +{"input": "cat -ue --show-ends -b .profile /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/system_logs.csv user_config.json", "input_args": ["cat", "-u", "e", "--show-ends", "b", ".profile /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/system_logs.csv user_config.json"], "output": " 1\t# ~/.profile: executed by the command interpreter for login shells.$\n 2\t# This file is not read by bash(1), if ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bash_login$\n 3\t# exists.$\n 4\t# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files for examples.$\n 5\t# the files are located in the bash-doc package.$\n$\n 6\t# the default umask is set in /etc/profile; for setting the umask$\n 7\t# for ssh logins, install and configure the libpam-umask package.$\n 8\t#umask 022$\n$\n 9\t# if running bash$\n 10\tif [ -n \"$BASH_VERSION\" ]; then$\n 11\t # include .bashrc if it exists$\n 12\t if [ -f \"$HOME/.bashrc\" ]; then$\n 13\t\t. \"$HOME/.bashrc\"$\n 14\t fi$\n 15\tfi$\n$\n 16\t# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists$\n 17\tif [ -d \"$HOME/bin\" ] ; then$\n 18\t PATH=\"$HOME/bin:$PATH\"$\n 19\tfi$\n$\n 20\t# set PATH so it includes user's private bin if it exists$\n 21\tif [ -d \"$HOME/.local/bin\" ] ; then$\n 22\t PATH=\"$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH\"$\n 23\tfi$\n 24\tdate,time,log_level,message^M$\n 25\t2023-12-01,09:15:23,INFO,System startup initiated^M$\n 26\t2023-12-01,09:15:27,WARNING,Low disk space on /dev/sda1^M$\n 27\t2023-12-01,09:15:30,ERROR,Failed to connect to database at 192.168.0.10:3306^M$\n 28\t2023-12-01,09:16:00,INFO,Database connection re-established^M$\n 29\t2023-12-01,09:17:45,INFO,Backup process started^M$\n 30\t2023-12-01,09:20:15,INFO,Backup process completed successfully^M$\n 31\t2023-12-01,09:23:50,WARNING,High CPU usage detected: 90% on core 4^M$\n 32\t2023-12-01,09:24:12,INFO,CPU usage normalized^M$\n 33\t2023-12-01,09:30:00,DEBUG,Cron job executed: /home/ubuntu/backup_script.py^M$\n 34\t2023-12-01,10:00:00,DEBUG,Cron job executed: /home/ubuntu/network_setup.sh^M$\n 35\t2023-12-01,10:15:00,INFO,System health check performed successfully{^M$\n 36\t username: pharris,^M$\n 37\t theme: dark,^M$\n 38\t fontSize: 14,^M$\n 39\t showHiddenFiles: false^M$\n 40\t}", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.7631578947368421, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238188} +{"input": "od -N 569K /home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh", "input_args": ["od", "-N 569K", "/home/ubuntu/scripts/system_reboot.sh"], "output": "0000000 060542 064163 005015 020443 061057 067151 061057 071541\n0000020 006550 006412 021412 051440 071143 070151 020164 067564\n0000040 071440 063141 066145 020171 062562 067542 072157 072040\n0000060 062550 071440 071571 062564 006555 006412 062412 064143\n0000100 020157 044442 064556 064564 072141 067151 020147 074563\n0000120 072163 066545 071040 061145 067557 020164 071160 061557\n0000140 071545 027163 027056 006442 071412 067171 020143 020040\n0000160 021440 051440 067171 064143 067562 064556 062572 061440\n0000200 061541 062550 020144 071167 072151 071545 072040 020157\n0000220 062560 071562 071551 062564 072156 071440 067564 060562\n0000240 062547 005015 005015 020043 064103 061545 020153 063151\n0000260 072040 062550 062562 060440 062562 060440 074556 061440\n0000300 064562 064564 060543 020154 071160 061557 071545 062563\n0000320 020163 064164 072141 071440 067550 066165 020144 067556\n0000340 020164 062542 064440 072156 071145 072562 072160 062145\n0000360 005015 063151 070040 071147 070145 026440 020170 061442\n0000400 064562 064564 060543 057554 071160 061557 071545 021163\n0000420 037040 027440 062544 027566 072556 066154 005015 064164\n0000440 067145 005015 020040 020040 061545 067550 021040 071103\n0000460 072151 061551 066141 070040 067562 062543 071563 064440\n0000500 020163 072562 067156 067151 026147 060440 067542 072162\n0000520 067151 020147 062562 067542 072157 021056 005015 020040\n0000540 020040 074145 072151 030440 005015 064546 005015 005015\n0000560 020043 067514 020147 064164 020145 062562 067542 072157\n0000600 064440 064556 064564 072141 067551 006556 062412 064143\n0000620 020157 022042 062050 072141 024545 026440 051440 071571\n0000640 062564 020155 062562 067542 072157 064440 064556 064564\n0000660 072141 062145 061040 020171 071565 071145 020042 020174\n0000700 062564 020145 060455 027440 067550 062555 072457 072542\n0000720 072156 027565 067554 071547 060537 061562 064550 062566\n0000740 071057 061145 067557 027164 067554 006547 006412 021412\n0000760 047040 072157 063151 020171 071565 071145 020163 061141\n0001000 072557 020164 064164 020145 062562 067542 072157 005015\n0001020 060567 066154 021040 074523 072163 066545 073440 066151\n0001040 020154 062562 067542 072157 064440 020156 020061 064555\n0001060 072556 062564 020056 066120 060545 062563 071440 073141\n0001100 020145 067571 071165 073440 071157 027153 006442 006412\n0001120 021412 053440 064541 020164 067546 020162 020141 064555\n0001140 072556 062564 072040 020157 064547 062566 072440 062563\n0001160 071562 072040 066551 020145 067564 071440 073141 020145\n0001200 064164 064545 020162 067567 065562 005015 066163 062545\n0001220 020160 030066 005015 005015 020043 062522 067542 072157\n0001240 072040 062550 071440 071571 062564 006555 062412 064143\n0001260 020157 051042 061145 067557 064564 063556 067040 073557\n0001300 027056 021056 005015 071457 064542 027556 064163 072165\n0001320 067544 067167 026440 020162 067556 020167 051442 071571\n0001340 062564 020155 062562 067542 072157 064440 064556 064564\n0001360 072141 062145 061040 020171 060555 067151 062564 060556\n0001400 061556 020145 061563 064562 072160 021056 005015 005015\n0001420 074145 072151 030040 005015\n0001430", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238189} +{"input": "dir -T 7 .bashrc contact.txt /home/ubuntu/-/init-agent", "input_args": ["dir", "-T 7", ".bashrc contact.txt /home/ubuntu/-/init-agent"], "output": "dir: cannot access '/home/ubuntu/-/init-agent': No such file or directory\n.bashrc contact.txt", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238190} +{"input": "du -a network_setup.sh", "input_args": ["du", "-a", "network_setup.sh"], "output": "4\tnetwork_setup.sh", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6666666666666666, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238191} +{"input": "link projects.html network_setup.sh", "input_args": ["link", "projects.html", "network_setup.sh"], "output": "link: cannot create link 'network_setup.sh' to 'projects.html': File exists", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.3333333333333333, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238192} +{"input": "ip -b web.html r flush exact 172.16.0.95/13 ", "input_args": ["ip", "-b web.html", "r", "flush", "exact 172.16.0.95/13 "], "output": "Object \"", "-o", "--io-blocks", "accept .bash_logout /home/ubuntu/temp_files/temporary_data.txt"], "output": "truncate: you must specify either '--size' or '--reference'\nTry 'truncate --help' for more information.", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.034482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238194} +{"input": "cp -S W --target-directory=.. -PS 5 -S p system_status.sh newfile1", "input_args": ["cp", "S W", "--target-directory=..", "-P", "S 5", "-S p", "system_status.sh", "newfile1"], "output": "cp: cannot stat 'newfile1': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.33183856502242154, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238195} +{"input": "date '+%g%_z4'", "input_args": ["date", "'+%g%_z4'"], "output": "25 +04", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 1.0, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238196} +{"input": "cd --help -e -L --help -e temp_files >> file.1", "input_args": ["cd", "--help", "-e", "-L", "--help", "-e", "temp_files", ">>", "file.1"], "output": "", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.18085106382978725, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/file.1\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-r--r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"root\",\"group\":\"root\",\"size\":1611,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"19:58\"}]]", "session_id": 238197} +{"input": "basename -s .O --version /home/ubuntu/maintenance_script.sh/init-agent", "input_args": ["basename", "-s .O", "--version", "/home/ubuntu/maintenance_script.sh/init-agent"], "output": "basename (GNU coreutils) 9.4\nCopyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.\nLicense GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later .\nThis is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.\nThere is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.\n\nWritten by David MacKenzie.", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.6, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238198} +{"input": "stat /home/ubuntu/temp_files/temporary_data.txt user_config.json | tail -v -n +181M -", "input_args": ["stat", "/home/ubuntu/temp_files/temporary_data.txt user_config.json", "|", "tail", "-v", "-n +181M", "-"], "output": "==> standard input <==", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.8181818181818182, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238199} +{"input": "split /home/ubuntu/logs_archive/server_archive.log | gzip -S 4 -S M -l --fast", "input_args": ["split", "/home/ubuntu/logs_archive/server_archive.log", "|", "gzip", "-S 4", "-S M", "-l", "--fast"], "output": "\ngzip: stdin: unexpected end of file", "exit_code": 1, "redundancy_score": 0.4666666666666667, "context_patch": "[[\"a\",\"/fs/xaa\",{\"perms\":\"-rw-r--r--\",\"links\":1,\"owner\":\"root\",\"group\":\"root\",\"size\":640,\"month\":\"Dec\",\"day\":3,\"year\":2025,\"time\":\"20:00\"}]]", "session_id": 238200} +{"input": "tar -t -f documents.tar system_status_report.txt", "input_args": ["tar", "t", "-f documents.tar", "system_status_report.txt"], "output": "tar: system_status_report.txt: Not found in archive\ntar: Exiting with failure status due to previous errors", "exit_code": 2, "redundancy_score": 0.4, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238201} +{"input": "chgrp -f --no-dereference -f --reference=maintenance_script.sh environment_variables.sh", "input_args": ["chgrp", "f", "--no-dereference", "-f", "--reference=maintenance_script.sh environment_variables.sh"], "output": "", "exit_code": 0, "redundancy_score": 0.4482758620689655, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238202} +{"input": "ps | xargs -r rm R", "input_args": ["ps", "|", "xargs", "-r", "rm R"], "output": "rm: cannot remove 'R': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'PID': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'TTY': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'TIME': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'CMD': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '84': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '?': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '00:00:00': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'bash': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '168': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '?': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '00:00:00': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'timeout': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '169': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '?': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '00:00:00': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'bash': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '171': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '?': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '00:00:00': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'ps': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '172': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '?': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '00:00:00': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'xargs': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '173': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '?': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove '00:00:00': No such file or directory\nrm: cannot remove 'head': No such file or directory", "exit_code": 123, "redundancy_score": 0.75, "context_patch": "[]", "session_id": 238203} +{"input": "curl -U root:password -Me www.google.com -H \"Accept-Charset: utf-8\" -x http://172.16.185.151:870 -p -Q \"df /AjR7sJP0/init-agent\" 10.100.116.150/protected/README.txt", "input_args": ["curl", "U root:password", "-M", "e www.google.com", "H \"Accept-Charset: utf-8\"", "-x http://172.16.185.151:870", "p", "-Q \"df /AjR7sJP0/init-agent\"", "10.100.116.150/protected/README.txt"], "output": " _ _ ____ _\n Project ___| | | | _ \\| |\n / __| | | | |_) | |\n | (__| |_| | _ <| |___\n \\___|\\___/|_| \\_\\_____|\n\nNAME\n curl - transfer a URL\n\nSYNOPSIS\n curl [options / URLs]\n\nDESCRIPTION\n curl is a tool for transferring data from or to a server using URLs. It\n supports these protocols: DICT, FILE, FTP, FTPS, GOPHER, GOPHERS, HTTP,\n HTTPS, IMAP, IMAPS, LDAP, LDAPS, MQTT, POP3, POP3S, RTMP, RTMPS, RTSP,\n SCP, SFTP, SMB, SMBS, SMTP, SMTPS, TELNET, TFTP, WS and WSS.\n\n curl is powered by libcurl for all transfer-related features. See\n libcurl(3) for details.\n\nURL\n The URL syntax is protocol-dependent. You find a detailed description\n in RFC 3986.\n\n If you provide a URL without a leading protocol:// scheme, curl guesses\n what protocol you want. It then defaults to HTTP but assumes others\n based on often-used host name prefixes. For example, for host names\n starting with \"ftp.\" curl assumes you want FTP.\n\n You can specify any amount of URLs on the command line. They are\n fetched in a sequential manner in the specified order unless you use\n -Z, --parallel. You can specify command line options and URLs mixed and\n in any order on the command line.\n\n curl attempts to reuse connections when doing multiple transfers, so\n that getting many files from the same server do not use multiple con-\n nects and setup handshakes. This improves speed. Connection reuse can\n only be done for URLs specified for a single command line invocation\n and cannot be performed between separate curl runs.\n\n Provide an IPv6 zone id in the URL with an escaped percentage sign.\n Like in\n\n \"http://[fe80::3%25eth0]/\"\n\n Everything provided on the command line that is not a command line op-\n tion or its argument, curl assumes is a URL and treats it as such.\n\nGLOBBING\n You can specify multiple URLs or parts of URLs by writing lists within\n braces or ranges within brackets. We call this \"globbing\".\n\n Provide a list with three different names like this:\n\n \"http://site.{one,two,three}.com\"\n\n or you can get sequences of alphanumeric series by using [] as in:\n\n \"ftp://ftp.example.com/file[1-100].txt\"\n\n \"ftp://ftp.example.com/file[001-100].txt\" (with leading zeros)\n\n \"ftp://ftp.example.com/file[a-z].txt\"\n\n Nested sequences are not supported, but you can use several ones next\n to each other:\n\n \"http://example.com/archive[1996-1999]/vol[1-4]/part{a,b,c}.html\"\n\n You can specify a step counter for the ranges to get every Nth number\n or letter:\n\n \"http://example.com/file[1-100:10].txt\"\n\n \"http://example.com/file[a-z:2].txt\"\n\n When using [] or {} sequences when invoked from a command line prompt,\n you probably have to put the full URL within double quotes to avoid the\n shell from interfering with it. This also goes for other characters\n treated special, like for example '&', '?' and '*'.\n\n Switch off globbing with -g, --globoff.\n\nVARIABLES\n curl supports command line variables (added in 8.3.0). Set variables\n with --variable name=content or --variable name@file (where \"file\" can\n be stdin if set to a single dash (-)).\n\n Variable contents can expanded in option parameters using \"{{name}}\"\n (without the quotes) if the option name is prefixed with \"--expand-\".\n This gets the contents of the variable \"name\" inserted, or a blank if\n the name does not exist as a variable. Insert \"{{\" verbatim in the\n string by prefixing it with a backslash, like \"\\{{\".\n\n You an access and expand environment variables by first importing them.\n You can select to either require the environment variable to be set or\n you can provide a default value in case it is not already set. Plain\n --variable %name imports the variable called 'name' but exits with an\n error if that environment variable is not already set. To provide a de-\n fault value if it is not set, use --variable %name=content or --vari-\n able %name@content.\n\n Example. Get the USER environment variable into the URL, fail if USER\n is not set:\n\n --variable '%USER'\n --expand-url = \"https://example.com/api/{{USER}}/method\"\n\n When expanding variables, curl supports a set of functions that can\n make the variable contents more convenient to use. It can trim leading\n and trailing white space with trim, it can output the contents as a\n JSON quoted string with json, URL encode the string with url or base64\n encode it with b64. You apply function to a variable expansion, add\n them colon separated to the right side of the variable. Variable con-\n tent holding null bytes that are not encoded when expanded cause error.\n Example: get the contents of a file called $HOME/.secret into a vari-\n able called \"fix\". Make sure that the content is trimmed and per-\n cent-encoded sent as POST data:\n\n --variable %HOME\n --expand-variable fix@{{HOME}}/.secret\n --expand-data \"{{fix:trim:url}}\"\n https://example.com/\n\n Command line variables and expansions were added in in 8.3.0.\n\nOUTPUT\n If not told otherwise, curl writes the received data to stdout. It can\n be instructed to instead save that data into a local file, using the\n -o, --output or -O, --remote-name options. If curl is given multiple\n URLs to transfer on the command line, it similarly needs multiple op-\n tions for where to save them.\n\n curl does not parse or otherwise \"understand\" the content it gets or\n writes as output. It does no encoding or decoding, unless explicitly\n asked to with dedicated command line options.\n\nPROTOCOLS\n curl supports numerous protocols, or put in URL terms: schemes. Your\n particular build may not support them all.\n\n DICT Lets you lookup words using online dictionaries.\n\n FILE Read or write local files. curl does not support accessing\n file:// URL remotely, but when running on Microsoft Windows us-\n ing the native UNC approach works.\n\n FTP(S) curl supports the File Transfer Protocol with a lot of tweaks\n and levers. With or without using TLS.\n\n GOPHER(S)\n Retrieve files.\n\n HTTP(S)\n curl supports HTTP with numerous options and variations. It can\n speak HTTP version 0.9, 1.0, 1.1, 2 and 3 depending on build op-\n tions and the correct command line options.\n\n IMAP(S)\n Using the mail reading protocol, curl can \"download\" emails for\n you. With or without using TLS.\n\n LDAP(S)\n curl can do directory lookups for you, with or without TLS.\n\n MQTT curl supports MQTT version 3. Downloading over MQTT equals \"sub-\n scribe\" to a topic while uploading/posting equals \"publish\" on a\n topic. MQTT over TLS is not supported (yet).\n\n POP3(S)\n Downloading from a pop3 server means getting a mail. With or\n without using TLS.\n\n RTMP(S)\n The Realtime Messaging Protocol is primarily used to serve\n streaming media and curl can download it.\n\n RTSP curl supports RTSP 1.0 downloads.\n\n SCP curl supports SSH version 2 scp transfers.\n\n SFTP curl supports SFTP (draft 5) done over SSH version 2.\n\n SMB(S) curl supports SMB version 1 for upload and download.\n\n SMTP(S)\n Uploading contents to an SMTP server means sending an email.\n With or without TLS.\n\n TELNET Telling curl to fetch a telnet URL starts an interactive session\n where it sends what it reads on stdin and outputs what the\n server sends it.\n\n TFTP curl can do TFTP downloads and uploads.\n\nPROGRESS METER\n curl normally displays a progress meter during operations, indicating\n the amount of transferred data, transfer speeds and estimated time\n left, etc. The progress meter displays the transfer rate in bytes per\n second. The suffixes (k, M, G, T, P) are 1024 based. For example 1k is\n 1024 bytes. 1M is 1048576 bytes.\n\n curl displays this data to the terminal by default, so if you invoke\n curl to do an operation and it is about to write data to the terminal,\n it disables the progress meter as otherwise it would mess up the output\n mixing progress meter and response data.\n\n If you want a progress meter for HTTP POST or PUT requests, you need to\n redirect the response output to a file, using shell redirect (>), -o,\n --output or similar.\n\n This does not apply to FTP upload as that operation does not spit out\n any response data to the terminal.\n\n If you prefer a progress \"bar\" instead of the regular meter, -#,\n --progress-bar is your friend. You can also disable the progress meter\n completely with the -s, --silent option.\n\nVERSION\n This man page describes curl 8.5.0. If you use a later version, chances\n are this man page does not fully document it. If you use an earlier\n version, this document tries to include version information about which\n specific version that introduced changes.\n\n You can always learn which the latest curl version is by running\n\n curl https://curl.se/info\n\n The online version of this man page is always showing the latest incar-\n nation: https://curl.se/docs/manpage.html\n\nOPTIONS\n Options start with one or two dashes. Many of the options require an\n additional value next to them. If provided text does not start with a\n dash, it is presumed to be and treated as a URL.\n\n The short \"single-dash\" form of the options, -d for example, may be\n used with or without a space between it and its value, although a space\n is a recommended separator. The long \"double-dash\" form, -d, --data for\n example, requires a space between it and its value.\n\n Short version options that do not need any additional values can be\n used immediately next to each other, like for example you can specify\n all the options -O, -L and -v at once as -OLv.\n\n In general, all boolean options are enabled with --option and yet again\n disabled with --no-option. That is, you use the same option name but\n prefix it with \"no-\". However, in this list we mostly only list and\n show the --option version of them.\n\n When -:, --next is used, it resets the parser state and you start again\n with a clean option state, except for the options that are \"global\".\n Global options retain their values and meaning even after -:, --next.\n\n The following options are global: --fail-early, --libcurl, --paral-\n lel-immediate, -Z, --parallel, -#, --progress-bar, --rate, -S,\n --show-error, --stderr, --styled-output, --trace-ascii, --trace-config,\n --trace-ids, --trace-time, --trace and -v, --verbose.\n\n --abstract-unix-socket \n (HTTP) Connect through an abstract Unix domain socket, instead\n of using the network. Note: netstat shows the path of an ab-\n stract socket prefixed with '@', however the argument\n should not have this leading character.\n\n If --abstract-unix-socket is provided several times, the last\n set value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --abstract-unix-socket socketpath https://example.com\n\n See also --unix-socket. Added in 7.53.0.\n\n --alt-svc \n (HTTPS) This option enables the alt-svc parser in curl. If the\n file name points to an existing alt-svc cache file, that gets\n used. After a completed transfer, the cache is saved to the file\n name again if it has been modified.\n\n Specify a \"\" file name (zero length) to avoid loading/saving and\n make curl just handle the cache in memory.\n\n If this option is used several times, curl loads contents from\n all the files but the last one is used for saving.\n\n --alt-svc can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --alt-svc svc.txt https://example.com\n\n See also --resolve and --connect-to. Added in 7.64.1.\n\n --anyauth\n (HTTP) Tells curl to figure out authentication method by itself,\n and use the most secure one the remote site claims to support.\n This is done by first doing a request and checking the re-\n sponse-headers, thus possibly inducing an extra network\n round-trip. This is used instead of setting a specific authenti-\n cation method, which you can do with --basic, --digest, --ntlm,\n and --negotiate.\n\n Using --anyauth is not recommended if you do uploads from stdin,\n since it may require data to be sent twice and then the client\n must be able to rewind. If the need should arise when uploading\n from stdin, the upload operation fails.\n\n Used together with -u, --user.\n\n Providing --anyauth multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --anyauth --user me:pwd https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-anyauth, --basic and --digest.\n\n -a, --append\n (FTP SFTP) When used in an upload, this option makes curl append\n to the target file instead of overwriting it. If the remote file\n does not exist, it is created. Note that this flag is ignored by\n some SFTP servers (including OpenSSH).\n\n Providing -a, --append multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-append.\n\n Example:\n curl --upload-file local --append ftp://example.com/\n\n See also -r, --range and -C, --continue-at.\n\n --aws-sigv4 \n Use AWS V4 signature authentication in the transfer.\n\n The provider argument is a string that is used by the algorithm\n when creating outgoing authentication headers.\n\n The region argument is a string that points to a geographic area\n of a resources collection (region-code) when the region name is\n omitted from the endpoint.\n\n The service argument is a string that points to a function pro-\n vided by a cloud (service-code) when the service name is omitted\n from the endpoint.\n\n If --aws-sigv4 is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --aws-sigv4 \"aws:amz:us-east-2:es\" --user \"key:secret\" https://example.com\n\n See also --basic and -u, --user. Added in 7.75.0.\n\n --basic\n (HTTP) Tells curl to use HTTP Basic authentication with the re-\n mote host. This is the default and this option is usually point-\n less, unless you use it to override a previously set option that\n sets a different authentication method (such as --ntlm, --di-\n gest, or --negotiate).\n\n Used together with -u, --user.\n\n Providing --basic multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl -u name:password --basic https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-basic.\n\n --ca-native\n (TLS) Tells curl to use the CA store from the native operating\n system to verify the peer. By default, curl otherwise uses a CA\n store provided in a single file or directory, but when using\n this option it interfaces the operating system's own vault.\n\n This option only works for curl on Windows when built to use\n OpenSSL. When curl on Windows is built to use Schannel, this\n feature is implied and curl then only uses the native CA store.\n\n curl built with wolfSSL also supports this option (added in\n 8.3.0).\n\n Providing --ca-native multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-ca-native.\n\n Example:\n curl --ca-native https://example.com\n\n See also --cacert, --capath and -k, --insecure. Added in 8.2.0.\n\n --cacert \n (TLS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate file to verify\n the peer. The file may contain multiple CA certificates. The\n certificate(s) must be in PEM format. Normally curl is built to\n use a default file for this, so this option is typically used to\n alter that default file.\n\n curl recognizes the environment variable named 'CURL_CA_BUNDLE'\n if it is set, and uses the given path as a path to a CA cert\n bundle. This option overrides that variable.\n\n The windows version of curl automatically looks for a CA certs\n file named 'curl-ca-bundle.crt', either in the same directory as\n curl.exe, or in the Current Working Directory, or in any folder\n along your PATH.\n\n (iOS and macOS only) If curl is built against Secure Transport,\n then this option is supported for backward compatibility with\n other SSL engines, but it should not be set. If the option is\n not set, then curl uses the certificates in the system and user\n Keychain to verify the peer, which is the preferred method of\n verifying the peer's certificate chain.\n\n (Schannel only) This option is supported for Schannel in Windows\n 7 or later (added in 7.60.0). This option is supported for back-\n ward compatibility with other SSL engines; instead it is recom-\n mended to use Windows' store of root certificates (the default\n for Schannel).\n\n If --cacert is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --cacert CA-file.txt https://example.com\n\n See also --capath and -k, --insecure.\n\n --capath \n (TLS) Tells curl to use the specified certificate directory to\n verify the peer. Multiple paths can be provided by separating\n them with \":\" (e.g. \"path1:path2:path3\"). The certificates must\n be in PEM format, and if curl is built against OpenSSL, the di-\n rectory must have been processed using the c_rehash utility sup-\n plied with OpenSSL. Using --capath can allow OpenSSL-powered\n curl to make SSL-connections much more efficiently than using\n --cacert if the --cacert file contains many CA certificates.\n\n If this option is set, the default capath value is ignored.\n\n If --capath is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --capath /local/directory https://example.com\n\n See also --cacert and -k, --insecure.\n\n --cert-status\n (TLS) Tells curl to verify the status of the server certificate\n by using the Certificate Status Request (aka. OCSP stapling) TLS\n extension.\n\n If this option is enabled and the server sends an invalid (e.g.\n expired) response, if the response suggests that the server cer-\n tificate has been revoked, or no response at all is received,\n the verification fails.\n\n This is currently only implemented in the OpenSSL and GnuTLS\n backends.\n\n Providing --cert-status multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-cert-status.\n\n Example:\n curl --cert-status https://example.com\n\n See also --pinnedpubkey.\n\n --cert-type \n (TLS) Tells curl what type the provided client certificate is\n using. PEM, DER, ENG and P12 are recognized types.\n\n The default type depends on the TLS backend and is usually PEM,\n however for Secure Transport and Schannel it is P12. If -E,\n --cert is a pkcs11: URI then ENG is the default type.\n\n If --cert-type is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --cert-type PEM --cert file https://example.com\n\n See also -E, --cert, --key and --key-type.\n\n -E, --cert \n (TLS) Tells curl to use the specified client certificate file\n when getting a file with HTTPS, FTPS or another SSL-based proto-\n col. The certificate must be in PKCS#12 format if using Secure\n Transport, or PEM format if using any other engine. If the op-\n tional password is not specified, it is queried for on the ter-\n minal. Note that this option assumes a certificate file that is\n the private key and the client certificate concatenated. See -E,\n --cert and --key to specify them independently.\n\n In the portion of the argument, you must escape\n the character \":\" as \"\\:\" so that it is not recognized as the\n password delimiter. Similarly, you must escape the character \"\\\"\n as \"\\\\\" so that it is not recognized as an escape character.\n\n If curl is built against OpenSSL library, and the engine pkcs11\n is available, then a PKCS#11 URI (RFC 7512) can be used to spec-\n ify a certificate located in a PKCS#11 device. A string begin-\n ning with \"pkcs11:\" is interpreted as a PKCS#11 URI. If a\n PKCS#11 URI is provided, then the --engine option is set as\n \"pkcs11\" if none was provided and the --cert-type option is set\n as \"ENG\" if none was provided.\n\n (iOS and macOS only) If curl is built against Secure Transport,\n then the certificate string can either be the name of a certifi-\n cate/private key in the system or user keychain, or the path to\n a PKCS#12-encoded certificate and private key. If you want to\n use a file from the current directory, please precede it with\n \"./\" prefix, in order to avoid confusion with a nickname.\n\n (Schannel only) Client certificates must be specified by a path\n expression to a certificate store. (Loading PFX is not sup-\n ported; you can import it to a store first). You can use \"\\\\\" to refer to a certificate\n in the system certificates store, for example, \"Curren-\n tUser\\MY\\934a7ac6f8a5d579285a74fa61e19f23ddfe8d7a\". Thumbprint\n is usually a SHA-1 hex string which you can see in certificate\n details. Following store locations are supported: CurrentUser,\n LocalMachine, CurrentService, Services, CurrentUserGroupPolicy,\n LocalMachineGroupPolicy and LocalMachineEnterprise.\n\n If -E, --cert is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --cert certfile --key keyfile https://example.com\n\n See also --cert-type, --key and --key-type.\n\n --ciphers \n (TLS) Specifies which ciphers to use in the connection. The list\n of ciphers must specify valid ciphers. Read up on SSL cipher\n list details on this URL:\n\n https://curl.se/docs/ssl-ciphers.html\n\n If --ciphers is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM8 https://example.com\n\n See also --tlsv1.3, --tls13-ciphers and --proxy-ciphers.\n\n --compressed-ssh\n (SCP SFTP) Enables built-in SSH compression. This is a request,\n not an order; the server may or may not do it.\n\n Providing --compressed-ssh multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-compressed-ssh.\n\n Example:\n curl --compressed-ssh sftp://example.com/\n\n See also --compressed. Added in 7.56.0.\n\n --compressed\n (HTTP) Request a compressed response using one of the algorithms\n curl supports, and automatically decompress the content.\n\n Response headers are not modified when saved, so if they are\n \"interpreted\" separately again at a later point they might ap-\n pear to be saying that the content is (still) compressed; while\n in fact it has already been decompressed.\n\n If this option is used and the server sends an unsupported en-\n coding, curl reports an error. This is a request, not an order;\n the server may or may not deliver data compressed.\n\n Providing --compressed multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-compressed.\n\n Example:\n curl --compressed https://example.com\n\n See also --compressed-ssh.\n\n -K, --config \n Specify a text file to read curl arguments from. The command\n line arguments found in the text file are used as if they were\n provided on the command line.\n\n Options and their parameters must be specified on the same line\n in the file, separated by whitespace, colon, or the equals sign.\n Long option names can optionally be given in the config file\n without the initial double dashes and if so, the colon or equals\n characters can be used as separators. If the option is specified\n with one or two dashes, there can be no colon or equals charac-\n ter between the option and its parameter.\n\n If the parameter contains whitespace or starts with a colon (:)\n or equals sign (=), it must be specified enclosed within double\n quotes (\"). Within double quotes the following escape sequences\n are available: \\\\, \\\", \\t, \\n, \\r and \\v. A backslash preceding\n any other letter is ignored.\n\n If the first non-blank column of a config line is a '#' charac-\n ter, that line is treated as a comment.\n\n Only write one option per physical line in the config file. A\n single line is required to be no more than 10 megabytes (since\n 8.2.0).\n\n Specify the filename to -K, --config as '-' to make curl read\n the file from stdin.\n\n Note that to be able to specify a URL in the config file, you\n need to specify it using the --url option, and not by simply\n writing the URL on its own line. So, it could look similar to\n this:\n\n url = \"https://curl.se/docs/\"\n\n # --- Example file ---\n # this is a comment\n url = \"example.com\"\n output = \"curlhere.html\"\n user-agent = \"superagent/1.0\"\n\n # and fetch another URL too\n url = \"example.com/docs/manpage.html\"\n -O\n referer = \"http://nowhereatall.example.com/\"\n # --- End of example file ---\n\n When curl is invoked, it (unless -q, --disable is used) checks\n for a default config file and uses it if found, even when -K,\n --config is used. The default config file is checked for in the\n following places in this order:\n\n 1) \"$CURL_HOME/.curlrc\"\n\n 2) \"$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/curlrc\" (Added in 7.73.0)\n\n 3) \"$HOME/.curlrc\"\n\n 4) Windows: \"%USERPROFILE%\\.curlrc\"\n\n 5) Windows: \"%APPDATA%\\.curlrc\"\n\n 6) Windows: \"%USERPROFILE%\\Application Data\\.curlrc\"\n\n 7) Non-Windows: use getpwuid to find the home directory\n\n 8) On Windows, if it finds no .curlrc file in the sequence de-\n scribed above, it checks for one in the same dir the curl exe-\n cutable is placed.\n\n On Windows two filenames are checked per location: .curlrc and\n _curlrc, preferring the former. Older versions on Windows\n checked for _curlrc only.\n\n -K, --config can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --config file.txt https://example.com\n\n See also -q, --disable.\n\n --connect-timeout \n Maximum time in seconds that you allow curl's connection to\n take. This only limits the connection phase, so if curl con-\n nects within the given period it continues - if not it exits.\n\n This option accepts decimal values. The decimal value needs to\n be provided using a dot (.) as decimal separator - not the local\n version even if it might be using another separator.\n\n The connection phase is considered complete when the DNS lookup\n and requested TCP, TLS or QUIC handshakes are done.\n\n If --connect-timeout is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl --connect-timeout 20 https://example.com\n curl --connect-timeout 3.14 https://example.com\n\n See also -m, --max-time.\n\n --connect-to \n\n For a request to the given HOST1:PORT1 pair, connect to\n HOST2:PORT2 instead. This option is suitable to direct requests\n at a specific server, e.g. at a specific cluster node in a clus-\n ter of servers. This option is only used to establish the net-\n work connection. It does NOT affect the hostname/port that is\n used for TLS/SSL (e.g. SNI, certificate verification) or for the\n application protocols. \"HOST1\" and \"PORT1\" may be the empty\n string, meaning \"any host/port\". \"HOST2\" and \"PORT2\" may also be\n the empty string, meaning \"use the request's original\n host/port\".\n\n A \"host\" specified to this option is compared as a string, so it\n needs to match the name used in request URL. It can be either\n numerical such as \"127.0.0.1\" or the full host name such as \"ex-\n ample.org\".\n\n --connect-to can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --connect-to example.com:443:example.net:8443 https://example.com\n\n See also --resolve and -H, --header.\n\n -C, --continue-at \n Continue/Resume a previous file transfer at the given offset.\n The given offset is the exact number of bytes that are skipped,\n counting from the beginning of the source file before it is\n transferred to the destination. If used with uploads, the FTP\n server command SIZE is not used by curl.\n\n Use \"-C -\" to tell curl to automatically find out where/how to\n resume the transfer. It then uses the given output/input files\n to figure that out.\n\n If -C, --continue-at is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl -C - https://example.com\n curl -C 400 https://example.com\n\n See also -r, --range.\n\n -c, --cookie-jar \n (HTTP) Specify to which file you want curl to write all cookies\n after a completed operation. Curl writes all cookies from its\n in-memory cookie storage to the given file at the end of opera-\n tions. If no cookies are known, no data is written. The file is\n created using the Netscape cookie file format. If you set the\n file name to a single dash, \"-\", the cookies are written to std-\n out.\n\n The file specified with -c, --cookie-jar is only used for out-\n put. No cookies are read from the file. To read cookies, use the\n -b, --cookie option. Both options can specify the same file.\n\n This command line option activates the cookie engine that makes\n curl record and use cookies. The -b, --cookie option also acti-\n vates it.\n\n If the cookie jar cannot be created or written to, the whole\n curl operation does not fail or even report an error clearly.\n Using -v, --verbose gets a warning displayed, but that is the\n only visible feedback you get about this possibly lethal situa-\n tion.\n\n If -c, --cookie-jar is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl -c store-here.txt https://example.com\n curl -c store-here.txt -b read-these https://example.com\n\n See also -b, --cookie.\n\n -b, --cookie \n (HTTP) Pass the data to the HTTP server in the Cookie header. It\n is supposedly the data previously received from the server in a\n \"Set-Cookie:\" line. The data should be in the format\n \"NAME1=VALUE1; NAME2=VALUE2\". This makes curl use the cookie\n header with this content explicitly in all outgoing request(s).\n If multiple requests are done due to authentication, followed\n redirects or similar, they all get this cookie passed on.\n\n If no '=' symbol is used in the argument, it is instead treated\n as a filename to read previously stored cookie from. This option\n also activates the cookie engine which makes curl record incom-\n ing cookies, which may be handy if you are using this in combi-\n nation with the -L, --location option or do multiple URL trans-\n fers on the same invoke. If the file name is exactly a minus\n (\"-\"), curl instead reads the contents from stdin.\n\n The file format of the file to read cookies from should be plain\n HTTP headers (Set-Cookie style) or the Netscape/Mozilla cookie\n file format.\n\n The file specified with -b, --cookie is only used as input. No\n cookies are written to the file. To store cookies, use the -c,\n --cookie-jar option.\n\n If you use the Set-Cookie file format and do not specify a do-\n main then the cookie is not sent since the domain never matches.\n To address this, set a domain in Set-Cookie line (doing that in-\n cludes subdomains) or preferably: use the Netscape format.\n\n Users often want to both read cookies from a file and write up-\n dated cookies back to a file, so using both -b, --cookie and -c,\n --cookie-jar in the same command line is common.\n\n -b, --cookie can be used several times in a command line\n\n Examples:\n curl -b cookiefile https://example.com\n curl -b cookiefile -c cookiefile https://example.com\n\n See also -c, --cookie-jar and -j, --junk-session-cookies.\n\n --create-dirs\n When used in conjunction with the -o, --output option, curl cre-\n ates the necessary local directory hierarchy as needed. This op-\n tion creates the directories mentioned with the -o, --output op-\n tion combined with the path possibly set with --output-dir. If\n the combined output file name uses no directory, or if the di-\n rectories it mentions already exist, no directories are created.\n Created directories are made with mode 0750 on unix style file\n systems.\n\n To create remote directories when using FTP or SFTP, try\n --ftp-create-dirs.\n\n Providing --create-dirs multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-create-dirs.\n\n Example:\n curl --create-dirs --output local/dir/file https://example.com\n\n See also --ftp-create-dirs and --output-dir.\n\n --create-file-mode \n (SFTP SCP FILE) When curl is used to create files remotely using\n one of the supported protocols, this option allows the user to\n set which 'mode' to set on the file at creation time, instead of\n the default 0644.\n\n This option takes an octal number as argument.\n\n If --create-file-mode is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --create-file-mode 0777 -T localfile sftp://example.com/new\n\n See also --ftp-create-dirs. Added in 7.75.0.\n\n --crlf (FTP SMTP) Convert line feeds to carriage return plus line feeds\n in upload. Useful for MVS (OS/390).\n\n (SMTP added in 7.40.0)\n\n Providing --crlf multiple times has no extra effect. Disable it\n again with --no-crlf.\n\n Example:\n curl --crlf -T file ftp://example.com/\n\n See also -B, --use-ascii.\n\n --crlfile \n (TLS) Provide a file using PEM format with a Certificate Revoca-\n tion List that may specify peer certificates that are to be con-\n sidered revoked.\n\n If --crlfile is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --crlfile rejects.txt https://example.com\n\n See also --cacert and --capath.\n\n --curves \n (TLS) Tells curl to request specific curves to use during SSL\n session establishment according to RFC 8422, 5.1. Multiple al-\n gorithms can be provided by separating them with \":\" (e.g.\n \"X25519:P-521\"). The parameter is available identically in the\n \"openssl s_client/s_server\" utilities.\n\n --curves allows a OpenSSL powered curl to make SSL-connections\n with exactly the (EC) curve requested by the client, avoiding\n nontransparent client/server negotiations.\n\n If this option is set, the default curves list built into\n OpenSSL are ignored.\n\n If --curves is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --curves X25519 https://example.com\n\n See also --ciphers. Added in 7.73.0.\n\n --data-ascii \n (HTTP) This is just an alias for -d, --data.\n\n --data-ascii can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --data-ascii @file https://example.com\n\n See also --data-binary, --data-raw and --data-urlencode.\n\n --data-binary \n (HTTP) This posts data exactly as specified with no extra pro-\n cessing whatsoever.\n\n If you start the data with the letter @, the rest should be a\n filename. Data is posted in a similar manner as -d, --data does,\n except that newlines and carriage returns are preserved and con-\n versions are never done.\n\n Like -d, --data the default content-type sent to the server is\n application/x-www-form-urlencoded. If you want the data to be\n treated as arbitrary binary data by the server then set the con-\n tent-type to octet-stream: -H \"Content-Type: applica-\n tion/octet-stream\".\n\n If this option is used several times, the ones following the\n first append data as described in -d, --data.\n\n --data-binary can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --data-binary @filename https://example.com\n\n See also --data-ascii.\n\n --data-raw \n (HTTP) This posts data similarly to -d, --data but without the\n special interpretation of the @ character.\n\n --data-raw can be used several times in a command line\n\n Examples:\n curl --data-raw \"hello\" https://example.com\n curl --data-raw \"@at@at@\" https://example.com\n\n See also -d, --data.\n\n --data-urlencode \n (HTTP) This posts data, similar to the other -d, --data options\n with the exception that this performs URL-encoding.\n\n To be CGI-compliant, the part should begin with a name\n followed by a separator and a content specification. The \n part can be passed to curl using one of the following syntaxes:\n\n content\n This makes curl URL-encode the content and pass that on.\n Just be careful so that the content does not contain any\n = or @ symbols, as that makes the syntax match one of the\n other cases below!\n\n =content\n This makes curl URL-encode the content and pass that on.\n The preceding = symbol is not included in the data.\n\n name=content\n This makes curl URL-encode the content part and pass that\n on. Note that the name part is expected to be URL-encoded\n already.\n\n @filename\n This makes curl load data from the given file (including\n any newlines), URL-encode that data and pass it on in the\n POST.\n\n name@filename\n This makes curl load data from the given file (including\n any newlines), URL-encode that data and pass it on in the\n POST. The name part gets an equal sign appended, result-\n ing in name=urlencoded-file-content. Note that the name\n is expected to be URL-encoded already.\n\n --data-urlencode can be used several times in a command line\n\n Examples:\n curl --data-urlencode name=val https://example.com\n curl --data-urlencode =encodethis https://example.com\n curl --data-urlencode name@file https://example.com\n curl --data-urlencode @fileonly https://example.com\n\n See also -d, --data and --data-raw.\n\n -d, --data \n (HTTP MQTT) Sends the specified data in a POST request to the\n HTTP server, in the same way that a browser does when a user has\n filled in an HTML form and presses the submit button. This makes\n curl pass the data to the server using the content-type applica-\n tion/x-www-form-urlencoded. Compare to -F, --form.\n\n --data-raw is almost the same but does not have a special inter-\n pretation of the @ character. To post data purely binary, you\n should instead use the --data-binary option. To URL-encode the\n value of a form field you may use --data-urlencode.\n\n If any of these options is used more than once on the same com-\n mand line, the data pieces specified are merged with a separat-\n ing &-symbol. Thus, using '-d name=daniel -d skill=lousy' would\n generate a post chunk that looks like 'name=daniel&skill=lousy'.\n If you start the data with the letter @, the rest should be a\n file name to read the data from, or - if you want curl to read\n the data from stdin. Posting data from a file named 'foobar'\n would thus be done with -d, --data @foobar. When -d, --data is\n told to read from a file like that, carriage returns and new-\n lines are stripped out. If you do not want the @ character to\n have a special interpretation use --data-raw instead.\n\n The data for this option is passed on to the server exactly as\n provided on the command line. curl does not convert, change or\n improve it. It is up to the user to provide the data in the cor-\n rect form.\n\n -d, --data can be used several times in a command line\n\n Examples:\n curl -d \"name=curl\" https://example.com\n curl -d \"name=curl\" -d \"tool=cmdline\" https://example.com\n curl -d @filename https://example.com\n\n See also --data-binary, --data-urlencode and --data-raw. This\n option is mutually exclusive to -F, --form and -I, --head and\n -T, --upload-file.\n\n --delegation \n (GSS/kerberos) Set LEVEL to tell the server what it is allowed\n to delegate when it comes to user credentials.\n\n none Do not allow any delegation.\n\n policy Delegates if and only if the OK-AS-DELEGATE flag is set\n in the Kerberos service ticket, which is a matter of\n realm policy.\n\n always Unconditionally allow the server to delegate.\n\n If --delegation is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --delegation \"none\" https://example.com\n\n See also -k, --insecure and --ssl.\n\n --digest\n (HTTP) Enables HTTP Digest authentication. This is an authenti-\n cation scheme that prevents the password from being sent over\n the wire in clear text. Use this in combination with the normal\n -u, --user option to set user name and password.\n\n Providing --digest multiple times has no extra effect. Disable\n it again with --no-digest.\n\n Example:\n curl -u name:password --digest https://example.com\n\n See also -u, --user, --proxy-digest and --anyauth. This option\n is mutually exclusive to --basic and --ntlm and --negotiate.\n\n --disable-eprt\n (FTP) Tell curl to disable the use of the EPRT and LPRT commands\n when doing active FTP transfers. Curl normally first attempts to\n use EPRT before using PORT, but with this option, it uses PORT\n right away. EPRT is an extension to the original FTP protocol,\n and does not work on all servers, but enables more functionality\n in a better way than the traditional PORT command.\n\n --eprt can be used to explicitly enable EPRT again and --no-eprt\n is an alias for --disable-eprt.\n\n If the server is accessed using IPv6, this option has no effect\n as EPRT is necessary then.\n\n Disabling EPRT only changes the active behavior. If you want to\n switch to passive mode you need to not use -P, --ftp-port or\n force it with --ftp-pasv.\n\n Providing --disable-eprt multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-disable-eprt.\n\n Example:\n curl --disable-eprt ftp://example.com/\n\n See also --disable-epsv and -P, --ftp-port.\n\n --disable-epsv\n (FTP) Tell curl to disable the use of the EPSV command when do-\n ing passive FTP transfers. Curl normally first attempts to use\n EPSV before PASV, but with this option, it does not try EPSV.\n\n --epsv can be used to explicitly enable EPSV again and --no-epsv\n is an alias for --disable-epsv.\n\n If the server is an IPv6 host, this option has no effect as EPSV\n is necessary then.\n\n Disabling EPSV only changes the passive behavior. If you want to\n switch to active mode you need to use -P, --ftp-port.\n\n Providing --disable-epsv multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-disable-epsv.\n\n Example:\n curl --disable-epsv ftp://example.com/\n\n See also --disable-eprt and -P, --ftp-port.\n\n -q, --disable\n If used as the first parameter on the command line, the curlrc\n config file is not read or used. See the -K, --config for de-\n tails on the default config file search path.\n\n Prior to 7.50.0 curl supported the short option name q but not\n the long option name disable.\n\n Providing -q, --disable multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-disable.\n\n Example:\n curl -q https://example.com\n\n See also -K, --config.\n\n --disallow-username-in-url\n (HTTP) This tells curl to exit if passed a URL containing a\n username. This is probably most useful when the URL is being\n provided at runtime or similar.\n\n Providing --disallow-username-in-url multiple times has no extra\n effect. Disable it again with --no-disallow-username-in-url.\n\n Example:\n curl --disallow-username-in-url https://example.com\n\n See also --proto. Added in 7.61.0.\n\n --dns-interface \n (DNS) Tell curl to send outgoing DNS requests through . This option is a counterpart to --interface (which does\n not affect DNS). The supplied string must be an interface name\n (not an address).\n\n If --dns-interface is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --dns-interface eth0 https://example.com\n\n See also --dns-ipv4-addr and --dns-ipv6-addr. --dns-interface\n requires that the underlying libcurl was built to support c-\n ares.\n\n --dns-ipv4-addr
\n (DNS) Tell curl to bind to a specific IP address when making\n IPv4 DNS requests, so that the DNS requests originate from this\n address. The argument should be a single IPv4 address.\n\n If --dns-ipv4-addr is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --dns-ipv4-addr 10.1.2.3 https://example.com\n\n See also --dns-interface and --dns-ipv6-addr. --dns-ipv4-addr\n requires that the underlying libcurl was built to support c-\n ares.\n\n --dns-ipv6-addr
\n (DNS) Tell curl to bind to a specific IP address when making\n IPv6 DNS requests, so that the DNS requests originate from this\n address. The argument should be a single IPv6 address.\n\n If --dns-ipv6-addr is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --dns-ipv6-addr 2a04:4e42::561 https://example.com\n\n See also --dns-interface and --dns-ipv4-addr. --dns-ipv6-addr\n requires that the underlying libcurl was built to support c-\n ares.\n\n --dns-servers \n Set the list of DNS servers to be used instead of the system de-\n fault. The list of IP addresses should be separated with com-\n mas. Port numbers may also optionally be given as :\n after each IP address.\n\n If --dns-servers is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --dns-servers 192.168.0.1,192.168.0.2 https://example.com\n\n See also --dns-interface and --dns-ipv4-addr. --dns-servers re-\n quires that the underlying libcurl was built to support c-ares.\n\n --doh-cert-status\n Same as --cert-status but used for DoH (DNS-over-HTTPS).\n\n Providing --doh-cert-status multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-doh-cert-status.\n\n Example:\n curl --doh-cert-status --doh-url https://doh.example https://example.com\n\n See also --doh-insecure. Added in 7.76.0.\n\n --doh-insecure\n Same as -k, --insecure but used for DoH (DNS-over-HTTPS).\n\n Providing --doh-insecure multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-doh-insecure.\n\n Example:\n curl --doh-insecure --doh-url https://doh.example https://example.com\n\n See also --doh-url. Added in 7.76.0.\n\n --doh-url \n Specifies which DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) server to use to resolve\n hostnames, instead of using the default name resolver mechanism.\n The URL must be HTTPS.\n\n Some SSL options that you set for your transfer also applies to\n DoH since the name lookups take place over SSL. However, the\n certificate verification settings are not inherited but are con-\n trolled separately via --doh-insecure and --doh-cert-status.\n\n This option is unset if an empty string \"\" is used as the URL.\n (Added in 7.85.0)\n\n If --doh-url is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --doh-url https://doh.example https://example.com\n\n See also --doh-insecure. Added in 7.62.0.\n\n -D, --dump-header \n (HTTP FTP) Write the received protocol headers to the specified\n file. If no headers are received, the use of this option creates\n an empty file.\n\n When used in FTP, the FTP server response lines are considered\n being \"headers\" and thus are saved there.\n\n Having multiple transfers in one set of operations (i.e. the\n URLs in one -:, --next clause), appends them to the same file,\n separated by a blank line.\n\n If -D, --dump-header is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --dump-header store.txt https://example.com\n\n See also -o, --output.\n\n --egd-file \n (TLS) Deprecated option (added in 7.84.0). Prior to that it only\n had an effect on curl if built to use old versions of OpenSSL.\n\n Specify the path name to the Entropy Gathering Daemon socket.\n The socket is used to seed the random engine for SSL connec-\n tions.\n\n If --egd-file is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --egd-file /random/here https://example.com\n\n See also --random-file.\n\n --engine \n (TLS) Select the OpenSSL crypto engine to use for cipher opera-\n tions. Use --engine list to print a list of build-time supported\n engines. Note that not all (and possibly none) of the engines\n may be available at runtime.\n\n If --engine is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --engine flavor https://example.com\n\n See also --ciphers and --curves.\n\n --etag-compare \n (HTTP) This option makes a conditional HTTP request for the spe-\n cific ETag read from the given file by sending a custom\n If-None-Match header using the stored ETag.\n\n For correct results, make sure that the specified file contains\n only a single line with the desired ETag. An empty file is\n parsed as an empty ETag.\n\n Use the option --etag-save to first save the ETag from a re-\n sponse, and then use this option to compare against the saved\n ETag in a subsequent request.\n\n If --etag-compare is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --etag-compare etag.txt https://example.com\n\n See also --etag-save and -z, --time-cond. Added in 7.68.0.\n\n --etag-save \n (HTTP) This option saves an HTTP ETag to the specified file. An\n ETag is a caching related header, usually returned in a re-\n sponse.\n\n If no ETag is sent by the server, an empty file is created.\n\n If --etag-save is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --etag-save storetag.txt https://example.com\n\n See also --etag-compare. Added in 7.68.0.\n\n --expect100-timeout \n (HTTP) Maximum time in seconds that you allow curl to wait for a\n 100-continue response when curl emits an Expects: 100-continue\n header in its request. By default curl waits one second. This\n option accepts decimal values! When curl stops waiting, it con-\n tinues as if the response has been received.\n\n The decimal value needs to provided using a dot (.) as decimal\n separator - not the local version even if it might be using an-\n other separator.\n\n If --expect100-timeout is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --expect100-timeout 2.5 -T file https://example.com\n\n See also --connect-timeout.\n\n --fail-early\n Fail and exit on the first detected transfer error.\n\n When curl is used to do multiple transfers on the command line,\n it attempts to operate on each given URL, one by one. By de-\n fault, it ignores errors if there are more URLs given and the\n last URL's success determines the error code curl returns. So\n early failures are \"hidden\" by subsequent successful transfers.\n\n Using this option, curl instead returns an error on the first\n transfer that fails, independent of the amount of URLs that are\n given on the command line. This way, no transfer failures go un-\n detected by scripts and similar.\n\n This option does not imply -f, --fail, which causes transfers to\n fail due to the server's HTTP status code. You can combine the\n two options, however note -f, --fail is not global and is there-\n fore contained by -:, --next.\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of --next.\n\n Providing --fail-early multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-fail-early.\n\n Example:\n curl --fail-early https://example.com https://two.example\n\n See also -f, --fail and --fail-with-body. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --fail-with-body\n (HTTP) Return an error on server errors where the HTTP response\n code is 400 or greater). In normal cases when an HTTP server\n fails to deliver a document, it returns an HTML document stating\n so (which often also describes why and more). This flag allows\n curl to output and save that content but also to return error\n 22.\n\n This is an alternative option to -f, --fail which makes curl\n fail for the same circumstances but without saving the content.\n\n Providing --fail-with-body multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-fail-with-body.\n\n Example:\n curl --fail-with-body https://example.com\n\n See also -f, --fail and --fail-early. This option is mutually\n exclusive to -f, --fail. Added in 7.76.0.\n\n -f, --fail\n (HTTP) Fail fast with no output at all on server errors. This is\n useful to enable scripts and users to better deal with failed\n attempts. In normal cases when an HTTP server fails to deliver a\n document, it returns an HTML document stating so (which often\n also describes why and more). This flag prevents curl from out-\n putting that and return error 22.\n\n This method is not fail-safe and there are occasions where\n non-successful response codes slip through, especially when au-\n thentication is involved (response codes 401 and 407).\n\n Providing -f, --fail multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-fail.\n\n Example:\n curl --fail https://example.com\n\n See also --fail-with-body and --fail-early. This option is mutu-\n ally exclusive to --fail-with-body.\n\n --false-start\n (TLS) Tells curl to use false start during the TLS handshake.\n False start is a mode where a TLS client starts sending applica-\n tion data before verifying the server's Finished message, thus\n saving a round trip when performing a full handshake.\n\n This is currently only implemented in the Secure Transport (on\n iOS 7.0 or later, or OS X 10.9 or later) backend.\n\n Providing --false-start multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-false-start.\n\n Example:\n curl --false-start https://example.com\n\n See also --tcp-fastopen.\n\n --form-escape\n (HTTP) Tells curl to pass on names of multipart form fields and\n files using backslash-escaping instead of percent-encoding.\n\n If --form-escape is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --form-escape -F 'field\\name=curl' -F 'file=@load\"this' https://example.com\n\n See also -F, --form. Added in 7.81.0.\n\n --form-string \n (HTTP SMTP IMAP) Similar to -F, --form except that the value\n string for the named parameter is used literally. Leading '@'\n and '<' characters, and the ';type=' string in the value have no\n special meaning. Use this in preference to -F, --form if there\n is any possibility that the string value may accidentally trig-\n ger the '@' or '<' features of -F, --form.\n\n --form-string can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --form-string \"data\" https://example.com\n\n See also -F, --form.\n\n -F, --form \n (HTTP SMTP IMAP) For HTTP protocol family, this lets curl emu-\n late a filled-in form in which a user has pressed the submit\n button. This causes curl to POST data using the Content-Type\n multipart/form-data according to RFC 2388.\n\n For SMTP and IMAP protocols, this is the means to compose a mul-\n tipart mail message to transmit.\n\n This enables uploading of binary files etc. To force the 'con-\n tent' part to be a file, prefix the file name with an @ sign. To\n just get the content part from a file, prefix the file name with\n the symbol <. The difference between @ and < is then that @\n makes a file get attached in the post as a file upload, while\n the < makes a text field and just get the contents for that text\n field from a file.\n\n Tell curl to read content from stdin instead of a file by using\n - as filename. This goes for both @ and < constructs. When stdin\n is used, the contents is buffered in memory first by curl to de-\n termine its size and allow a possible resend. Defining a part's\n data from a named non-regular file (such as a named pipe or sim-\n ilar) is not subject to buffering and is instead read at trans-\n mission time; since the full size is unknown before the transfer\n starts, such data is sent as chunks by HTTP and rejected by\n IMAP.\n\n Example: send an image to an HTTP server, where 'profile' is the\n name of the form-field to which the file portrait.jpg is the in-\n put:\n\n curl -F profile=@portrait.jpg https://example.com/upload.cgi\n\n Example: send your name and shoe size in two text fields to the\n server:\n\n curl -F name=John -F shoesize=11 https://example.com/\n\n Example: send your essay in a text field to the server. Send it\n as a plain text field, but get the contents for it from a local\n file:\n\n curl -F \"story=HTML message;type=text/html' \\\n -F '=)' -F '=@textfile.txt' ... smtp://example.com\n\n Data can be encoded for transfer using encoder=. Available en-\n codings are binary and 8bit that do nothing else than adding the\n corresponding Content-Transfer-Encoding header, 7bit that only\n rejects 8-bit characters with a transfer error, quoted-printable\n and base64 that encodes data according to the corresponding\n schemes, limiting lines length to 76 characters.\n\n Example: send multipart mail with a quoted-printable text mes-\n sage and a base64 attached file:\n\n curl -F '=text message;encoder=quoted-printable' \\\n -F '=@localfile;encoder=base64' ... smtp://example.com\n\n See further examples and details in the MANUAL.\n\n -F, --form can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --form \"name=curl\" --form \"file=@loadthis\" https://example.com\n\n See also -d, --data, --form-string and --form-escape. This op-\n tion is mutually exclusive to -d, --data and -I, --head and -T,\n --upload-file.\n\n --ftp-account \n (FTP) When an FTP server asks for \"account data\" after user name\n and password has been provided, this data is sent off using the\n ACCT command.\n\n If --ftp-account is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --ftp-account \"mr.robot\" ftp://example.com/\n\n See also -u, --user.\n\n --ftp-alternative-to-user \n (FTP) If authenticating with the USER and PASS commands fails,\n send this command. When connecting to Tumbleweed's Secure\n Transport server over FTPS using a client certificate, using\n \"SITE AUTH\" tells the server to retrieve the username from the\n certificate.\n\n If --ftp-alternative-to-user is provided several times, the last\n set value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --ftp-alternative-to-user \"U53r\" ftp://example.com\n\n See also --ftp-account and -u, --user.\n\n --ftp-create-dirs\n (FTP SFTP) When an FTP or SFTP URL/operation uses a path that\n does not currently exist on the server, the standard behavior of\n curl is to fail. Using this option, curl instead attempts to\n create missing directories.\n\n Providing --ftp-create-dirs multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-ftp-create-dirs.\n\n Example:\n curl --ftp-create-dirs -T file ftp://example.com/remote/path/file\n\n See also --create-dirs.\n\n --ftp-method \n (FTP) Control what method curl should use to reach a file on an\n FTP(S) server. The method argument should be one of the follow-\n ing alternatives:\n\n multicwd\n curl does a single CWD operation for each path part in\n the given URL. For deep hierarchies this means many com-\n mands. This is how RFC 1738 says it should be done. This\n is the default but the slowest behavior.\n\n nocwd curl does no CWD at all. curl does SIZE, RETR, STOR etc\n and give a full path to the server for all these com-\n mands. This is the fastest behavior.\n\n singlecwd\n curl does one CWD with the full target directory and then\n operates on the file \"normally\" (like in the multicwd\n case). This is somewhat more standards compliant than\n 'nocwd' but without the full penalty of 'multicwd'.\n\n If --ftp-method is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Examples:\n curl --ftp-method multicwd ftp://example.com/dir1/dir2/file\n curl --ftp-method nocwd ftp://example.com/dir1/dir2/file\n curl --ftp-method singlecwd ftp://example.com/dir1/dir2/file\n\n See also -l, --list-only.\n\n --ftp-pasv\n (FTP) Use passive mode for the data connection. Passive is the\n internal default behavior, but using this option can be used to\n override a previous -P, --ftp-port option.\n\n Reversing an enforced passive really is not doable but you must\n then instead enforce the correct -P, --ftp-port again.\n\n Passive mode means that curl tries the EPSV command first and\n then PASV, unless --disable-epsv is used.\n\n Providing --ftp-pasv multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-ftp-pasv.\n\n Example:\n curl --ftp-pasv ftp://example.com/\n\n See also --disable-epsv.\n -P, --ftp-port
\n (FTP) Reverses the default initiator/listener roles when con-\n necting with FTP. This option makes curl use active mode. curl\n then tells the server to connect back to the client's specified\n address and port, while passive mode asks the server to setup an\n IP address and port for it to connect to.
should be\n one of:\n\n interface\n e.g. \"eth0\" to specify which interface's IP address you\n want to use (Unix only)\n\n IP address\n e.g. \"192.168.10.1\" to specify the exact IP address\n\n host name\n e.g. \"my.host.domain\" to specify the machine\n\n - make curl pick the same IP address that is already used\n for the control connection\n\n Disable the use of PORT with --ftp-pasv. Disable the attempt to\n use the EPRT command instead of PORT by using --disable-eprt.\n EPRT is really PORT++.\n\n You can also append \":[start]-[end]\" to the right of the ad-\n dress, to tell curl what TCP port range to use. That means you\n specify a port range, from a lower to a higher number. A single\n number works as well, but do note that it increases the risk of\n failure since the port may not be available.\n\n If -P, --ftp-port is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl -P - ftp:/example.com\n curl -P eth0 ftp:/example.com\n curl -P 192.168.0.2 ftp:/example.com\n\n See also --ftp-pasv and --disable-eprt.\n\n --ftp-pret\n (FTP) Tell curl to send a PRET command before PASV (and EPSV).\n Certain FTP servers, mainly drftpd, require this non-standard\n command for directory listings as well as up and downloads in\n PASV mode.\n\n Providing --ftp-pret multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-ftp-pret.\n\n Example:\n curl --ftp-pret ftp://example.com/\n\n See also -P, --ftp-port and --ftp-pasv.\n\n --ftp-skip-pasv-ip\n (FTP) Tell curl to not use the IP address the server suggests in\n its response to curl's PASV command when curl connects the data\n connection. Instead curl reuses the same IP address it already\n uses for the control connection.\n\n This option is enabled by default (added in 7.74.0).\n\n This option has no effect if PORT, EPRT or EPSV is used instead\n of PASV.\n\n Providing --ftp-skip-pasv-ip multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-ftp-skip-pasv-ip.\n\n Example:\n curl --ftp-skip-pasv-ip ftp://example.com/\n\n See also --ftp-pasv.\n\n --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode \n (FTP) Sets the CCC mode. The passive mode does not initiate the\n shutdown, but instead waits for the server to do it, and does\n not reply to the shutdown from the server. The active mode ini-\n tiates the shutdown and waits for a reply from the server.\n\n Providing --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-ftp-ssl-ccc-mode.\n\n Example:\n curl --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode active --ftp-ssl-ccc ftps://example.com/\n\n See also --ftp-ssl-ccc.\n\n --ftp-ssl-ccc\n (FTP) Use CCC (Clear Command Channel) Shuts down the SSL/TLS\n layer after authenticating. The rest of the control channel com-\n munication is be unencrypted. This allows NAT routers to follow\n the FTP transaction. The default mode is passive.\n\n Providing --ftp-ssl-ccc multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-ftp-ssl-ccc.\n\n Example:\n curl --ftp-ssl-ccc ftps://example.com/\n See also --ssl and --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode.\n\n --ftp-ssl-control\n (FTP) Require SSL/TLS for the FTP login, clear for transfer.\n Allows secure authentication, but non-encrypted data transfers\n for efficiency. Fails the transfer if the server does not sup-\n port SSL/TLS.\n\n Providing --ftp-ssl-control multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-ftp-ssl-control.\n\n Example:\n curl --ftp-ssl-control ftp://example.com\n\n See also --ssl.\n\n -G, --get\n When used, this option makes all data specified with -d, --data,\n --data-binary or --data-urlencode to be used in an HTTP GET re-\n quest instead of the POST request that otherwise would be used.\n The data is appended to the URL with a '?' separator.\n\n If used in combination with -I, --head, the POST data is instead\n appended to the URL with a HEAD request.\n\n Providing -G, --get multiple times has no extra effect. Disable\n it again with --no-get.\n\n Examples:\n curl --get https://example.com\n curl --get -d \"tool=curl\" -d \"age=old\" https://example.com\n curl --get -I -d \"tool=curl\" https://example.com\n\n See also -d, --data and -X, --request.\n\n -g, --globoff\n This option switches off the \"URL globbing parser\". When you set\n this option, you can specify URLs that contain the letters {}[]\n without having curl itself interpret them. Note that these let-\n ters are not normal legal URL contents but they should be en-\n coded according to the URI standard.\n\n Providing -g, --globoff multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-globoff.\n\n Example:\n curl -g \"https://example.com/{[]}}}}\"\n\n See also -K, --config and -q, --disable.\n\n --happy-eyeballs-timeout-ms \n Happy Eyeballs is an algorithm that attempts to connect to both\n IPv4 and IPv6 addresses for dual-stack hosts, giving IPv6 a\n head-start of the specified number of milliseconds. If the IPv6\n address cannot be connected to within that time, then a connec-\n tion attempt is made to the IPv4 address in parallel. The first\n connection to be established is the one that is used.\n\n The range of suggested useful values is limited. Happy Eyeballs\n RFC 6555 says \"It is RECOMMENDED that connection attempts be\n paced 150-250 ms apart to balance human factors against network\n load.\" libcurl currently defaults to 200 ms. Firefox and Chrome\n currently default to 300 ms.\n\n If --happy-eyeballs-timeout-ms is provided several times, the\n last set value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --happy-eyeballs-timeout-ms 500 https://example.com\n\n See also -m, --max-time and --connect-timeout. Added in 7.59.0.\n\n --haproxy-clientip\n (HTTP) Sets a client IP in HAProxy PROXY protocol v1 header at\n the beginning of the connection.\n\n For valid requests, IPv4 addresses must be indicated as a series\n of exactly 4 integers in the range [0..255] inclusive written in\n decimal representation separated by exactly one dot between each\n other. Heading zeroes are not permitted in front of numbers in\n order to avoid any possible confusion with octal numbers. IPv6\n addresses must be indicated as series of 4 hexadecimal digits\n (upper or lower case) delimited by colons between each other,\n with the acceptance of one double colon sequence to replace the\n largest acceptable range of consecutive zeroes. The total number\n of decoded bits must exactly be 128.\n\n Otherwise, any string can be accepted for the client IP and get\n sent.\n\n It replaces --haproxy-protocol if used, it is not necessary to\n specify both flags.\n\n This option is primarily useful when sending test requests to\n verify a service is working as intended.\n\n If --haproxy-clientip is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --haproxy-clientip $IP\n\n See also -x, --proxy. Added in 8.2.0.\n\n --haproxy-protocol\n (HTTP) Send a HAProxy PROXY protocol v1 header at the beginning\n of the connection. This is used by some load balancers and re-\n verse proxies to indicate the client's true IP address and port.\n This option is primarily useful when sending test requests to a\n service that expects this header.\n\n Providing --haproxy-protocol multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-haproxy-protocol.\n\n Example:\n curl --haproxy-protocol https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy. Added in 7.60.0.\n\n -I, --head\n (HTTP FTP FILE) Fetch the headers only! HTTP-servers feature the\n command HEAD which this uses to get nothing but the header of a\n document. When used on an FTP or FILE file, curl displays the\n file size and last modification time only.\n\n Providing -I, --head multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-head.\n\n Example:\n curl -I https://example.com\n\n See also -G, --get, -v, --verbose and --trace-ascii.\n\n -H, --header
\n (HTTP IMAP SMTP) Extra header to include in information sent.\n When used within an HTTP request, it is added to the regular re-\n quest headers.\n\n For an IMAP or SMTP MIME uploaded mail built with -F, --form op-\n tions, it is prepended to the resulting MIME document, effec-\n tively including it at the mail global level. It does not affect\n raw uploaded mails (Added in 7.56.0).\n\n You may specify any number of extra headers. Note that if you\n should add a custom header that has the same name as one of the\n internal ones curl would use, your externally set header is used\n instead of the internal one. This allows you to make even trick-\n ier stuff than curl would normally do. You should not replace\n internally set headers without knowing perfectly well what you\n are doing. Remove an internal header by giving a replacement\n without content on the right side of the colon, as in: -H\n \"Host:\". If you send the custom header with no-value then its\n header must be terminated with a semicolon, such as -H \"X-Cus-\n tom-Header;\" to send \"X-Custom-Header:\".\n\n curl makes sure that each header you add/replace is sent with\n the proper end-of-line marker, you should thus not add that as a\n part of the header content: do not add newlines or carriage re-\n turns, they only mess things up for you. curl passes on the ver-\n batim string you give it without any filter or other safe\n guards. That includes white space and control characters.\n\n This option can take an argument in @filename style, which then\n adds a header for each line in the input file. Using @- makes\n curl read the header file from stdin. Added in 7.55.0.\n\n Please note that most anti-spam utilities check the presence and\n value of several MIME mail headers: these are \"From:\", \"To:\",\n \"Date:\" and \"Subject:\" among others and should be added with\n this option.\n\n You need --proxy-header to send custom headers intended for an\n HTTP proxy. Added in 7.37.0.\n\n Passing on a \"Transfer-Encoding: chunked\" header when doing an\n HTTP request with a request body, makes curl send the data using\n chunked encoding.\n\n WARNING: headers set with this option are set in all HTTP re-\n quests - even after redirects are followed, like when told with\n -L, --location. This can lead to the header being sent to other\n hosts than the original host, so sensitive headers should be\n used with caution combined with following redirects.\n\n -H, --header can be used several times in a command line\n\n Examples:\n curl -H \"X-First-Name: Joe\" https://example.com\n curl -H \"User-Agent: yes-please/2000\" https://example.com\n curl -H \"Host:\" https://example.com\n curl -H @headers.txt https://example.com\n\n See also -A, --user-agent and -e, --referer.\n\n -h, --help \n Usage help. This lists all curl command line options within the\n given category.\n\n If no argument is provided, curl displays only the most impor-\n tant command line arguments.\n\n For category all, curl displays help for all options.\n\n If category is specified, curl displays all available help cate-\n gories.\n\n Example:\n curl --help all\n\n See also -v, --verbose.\n\n --hostpubmd5 \n (SFTP SCP) Pass a string containing 32 hexadecimal digits. The\n string should be the 128 bit MD5 checksum of the remote host's\n public key, curl refuses the connection with the host unless the\n md5sums match.\n\n If --hostpubmd5 is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --hostpubmd5 e5c1c49020640a5ab0f2034854c321a8 sftp://example.com/\n\n See also --hostpubsha256.\n\n --hostpubsha256 \n (SFTP SCP) Pass a string containing a Base64-encoded SHA256 hash\n of the remote host's public key. Curl refuses the connection\n with the host unless the hashes match.\n\n This feature requires libcurl to be built with libssh2 and does\n not work with other SSH backends.\n\n If --hostpubsha256 is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --hostpubsha256 NDVkMTQxMGQ1ODdmMjQ3MjczYjAyOTY5MmRkMjVmNDQ= sftp://example.com/\n\n See also --hostpubmd5. Added in 7.80.0.\n\n --hsts \n (HTTPS) This option enables HSTS for the transfer. If the file\n name points to an existing HSTS cache file, that is used. After\n a completed transfer, the cache is saved to the file name again\n if it has been modified.\n\n If curl is told to use HTTP:// for a transfer involving a host\n name that exists in the HSTS cache, it upgrades the transfer to\n use HTTPS. Each HSTS cache entry has an individual life time af-\n ter which the upgrade is no longer performed.\n\n Specify a \"\" file name (zero length) to avoid loading/saving and\n make curl just handle HSTS in memory.\n\n If this option is used several times, curl loads contents from\n all the files but the last one is used for saving.\n --hsts can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --hsts cache.txt https://example.com\n\n See also --proto. Added in 7.74.0.\n\n --http0.9\n (HTTP) Tells curl to be fine with HTTP version 0.9 response.\n\n HTTP/0.9 is a response without headers and therefore you can\n also connect with this to non-HTTP servers and still get a re-\n sponse since curl simply transparently downgrades - if allowed.\n\n HTTP/0.9 is disabled by default (added in 7.66.0)\n\n Providing --http0.9 multiple times has no extra effect. Disable\n it again with --no-http0.9.\n\n Example:\n curl --http0.9 https://example.com\n\n See also --http1.1, --http2 and --http3. Added in 7.64.0.\n\n -0, --http1.0\n (HTTP) Tells curl to use HTTP version 1.0 instead of using its\n internally preferred HTTP version.\n\n Providing -0, --http1.0 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --http1.0 https://example.com\n\n See also --http0.9 and --http1.1. This option is mutually exclu-\n sive to --http1.1 and --http2 and --http2-prior-knowledge and\n --http3.\n\n --http1.1\n (HTTP) Tells curl to use HTTP version 1.1.\n\n Providing --http1.1 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --http1.1 https://example.com\n\n See also -0, --http1.0 and --http0.9. This option is mutually\n exclusive to -0, --http1.0 and --http2 and --http2-prior-knowl-\n edge and --http3.\n\n --http2-prior-knowledge\n (HTTP) Tells curl to issue its non-TLS HTTP requests using\n HTTP/2 without HTTP/1.1 Upgrade. It requires prior knowledge\n that the server supports HTTP/2 straight away. HTTPS requests\n still do HTTP/2 the standard way with negotiated protocol ver-\n sion in the TLS handshake.\n\n Providing --http2-prior-knowledge multiple times has no extra\n effect. Disable it again with --no-http2-prior-knowledge.\n\n Example:\n curl --http2-prior-knowledge https://example.com\n\n See also --http2 and --http3. --http2-prior-knowledge requires\n that the underlying libcurl was built to support HTTP/2. This\n option is mutually exclusive to --http1.1 and -0, --http1.0 and\n --http2 and --http3.\n\n --http2\n (HTTP) Tells curl to use HTTP version 2.\n\n For HTTPS, this means curl negotiates HTTP/2 in the TLS hand-\n shake. curl does this by default.\n\n For HTTP, this means curl attempts to upgrade the request to\n HTTP/2 using the Upgrade: request header.\n\n When curl uses HTTP/2 over HTTPS, it does not itself insist on\n TLS 1.2 or higher even though that is required by the specifica-\n tion. A user can add this version requirement with --tlsv1.2.\n\n Providing --http2 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --http2 https://example.com\n\n See also --http1.1, --http3 and --no-alpn. --http2 requires that\n the underlying libcurl was built to support HTTP/2. This option\n is mutually exclusive to --http1.1 and -0, --http1.0 and\n --http2-prior-knowledge and --http3.\n\n --http3-only\n (HTTP) **WARNING**: this option is experimental. Do not use in\n production.\n\n Instructs curl to use HTTP/3 to the host in the URL, with no\n fallback to earlier HTTP versions. HTTP/3 can only be used for\n HTTPS and not for HTTP URLs. For HTTP, this option triggers an\n error.\n\n This option allows a user to avoid using the Alt-Svc method of\n upgrading to HTTP/3 when you know that the target speaks HTTP/3\n on the given host and port.\n\n This option makes curl fail if a QUIC connection cannot be es-\n tablished, it does not attempt any other HTTP versions on its\n own. Use --http3 for similar functionality with a fallback.\n\n Providing --http3-only multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --http3-only https://example.com\n\n See also --http1.1, --http2 and --http3. --http3-only requires\n that the underlying libcurl was built to support HTTP/3. This\n option is mutually exclusive to --http1.1 and -0, --http1.0 and\n --http2 and --http2-prior-knowledge and --http3. Added in\n 7.88.0.\n --http3\n (HTTP) **WARNING**: this option is experimental. Do not use in\n production.\n\n Tells curl to try HTTP/3 to the host in the URL, but fallback to\n earlier HTTP versions if the HTTP/3 connection establishment\n fails. HTTP/3 is only available for HTTPS and not for HTTP URLs.\n This option allows a user to avoid using the Alt-Svc method of\n upgrading to HTTP/3 when you know that the target speaks HTTP/3\n on the given host and port.\n\n When asked to use HTTP/3, curl issues a separate attempt to use\n older HTTP versions with a slight delay, so if the HTTP/3 trans-\n fer fails or is slow, curl still tries to proceed with an older\n HTTP version.\n\n Use --http3-only for similar functionality without a fallback.\n\n Providing --http3 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --http3 https://example.com\n\n See also --http1.1 and --http2. --http3 requires that the under-\n lying libcurl was built to support HTTP/3. This option is mutu-\n ally exclusive to --http1.1 and -0, --http1.0 and --http2 and\n --http2-prior-knowledge and --http3-only. Added in 7.66.0.\n\n --ignore-content-length\n (FTP HTTP) For HTTP, Ignore the Content-Length header. This is\n particularly useful for servers running Apache 1.x, which re-\n ports incorrect Content-Length for files larger than 2 giga-\n bytes.\n\n For FTP, this makes curl skip the SIZE command to figure out the\n size before downloading a file.\n\n This option does not work for HTTP if libcurl was built to use\n hyper.\n\n Providing --ignore-content-length multiple times has no extra\n effect. Disable it again with --no-ignore-content-length.\n\n Example:\n curl --ignore-content-length https://example.com\n\n See also --ftp-skip-pasv-ip.\n\n -i, --include\n Include the HTTP response headers in the output. The HTTP re-\n sponse headers can include things like server name, cookies,\n date of the document, HTTP version and more...\n\n To view the request headers, consider the -v, --verbose option.\n\n Prior to 7.75.0 curl did not print the headers if -f, --fail was\n used in combination with this option and there was error re-\n ported by server.\n\n Providing -i, --include multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-include.\n\n Example:\n curl -i https://example.com\n\n See also -v, --verbose.\n\n -k, --insecure\n (TLS SFTP SCP) By default, every secure connection curl makes is\n verified to be secure before the transfer takes place. This op-\n tion makes curl skip the verification step and proceed without\n checking.\n\n When this option is not used for protocols using TLS, curl veri-\n fies the server's TLS certificate before it continues: that the\n certificate contains the right name which matches the host name\n used in the URL and that the certificate has been signed by a CA\n certificate present in the cert store. See this online resource\n for further details:\n https://curl.se/docs/sslcerts.html\n\n For SFTP and SCP, this option makes curl skip the known_hosts\n verification. known_hosts is a file normally stored in the\n user's home directory in the \".ssh\" subdirectory, which contains\n host names and their public keys.\n\n WARNING: using this option makes the transfer insecure.\n\n When curl uses secure protocols it trusts responses and allows\n for example HSTS and Alt-Svc information to be stored and used\n subsequently. Using -k, --insecure can make curl trust and use\n such information from malicious servers.\n\n Providing -k, --insecure multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-insecure.\n\n Example:\n curl --insecure https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-insecure, --cacert and --capath.\n\n --interface \n Perform an operation using a specified interface. You can enter\n interface name, IP address or host name. An example could look\n like:\n\n curl --interface eth0:1 https://www.example.com/\n\n On Linux it can be used to specify a VRF, but the binary needs\n to either have CAP_NET_RAW or to be run as root. More informa-\n tion about Linux VRF: https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documenta-\n tion/networking/vrf.txt\n\n If --interface is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --interface eth0 https://example.com\n\n See also --dns-interface.\n\n --ipfs-gateway \n Specify which gateway to use for IPFS and IPNS URLs. Not speci-\n fying this will instead make curl check if the IPFS_GATEWAY en-\n vironment variable is set, or if a ~/.ipfs/gateway file holding\n the gateway URL exists.\n\n If you run a local IPFS node, this gateway is by default avail-\n able under http://localhost:8080. A full example URL would look\n like:\n\n curl --ipfs-gateway http://localhost:8080 ipfs://bafybeigagd5nmnn2iys2f3doro7ydrevyr2mzarwidgadawmamiteydbzi\n\n There are many public IPFS gateways. See for example:\n\n https://ipfs.github.io/public-gateway-checker/\n\n WARNING: If you opt to go for a remote gateway you should be\n aware that you completely trust the gateway. This is fine in lo-\n cal gateways as you host it yourself. With remote gateways there\n could potentially be a malicious actor returning you data that\n does not match the request you made, inspect or even interfere\n with the request. You will not notice this when using curl. A\n mitigation could be to go for a \"trustless\" gateway. This means\n you locally verify that the data. Consult the docs page on\n trusted vs trustless: https://docs.ipfs.tech/refer-\n ence/http/gateway/#trusted-vs-trustless\n\n If --ipfs-gateway is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --ipfs-gateway https://example.com ipfs://\n\n See also -h, --help and -M, --manual. Added in 8.4.0.\n\n -4, --ipv4\n This option tells curl to use IPv4 addresses only when resolving\n host names, and not for example try IPv6.\n\n Providing -4, --ipv4 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --ipv4 https://example.com\n\n See also --http1.1 and --http2. This option is mutually exclu-\n sive to -6, --ipv6.\n\n -6, --ipv6\n This option tells curl to use IPv6 addresses only when resolving\n host names, and not for example try IPv4.\n\n Providing -6, --ipv6 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --ipv6 https://example.com\n\n See also --http1.1 and --http2. This option is mutually exclu-\n sive to -4, --ipv4.\n\n --json \n (HTTP) Sends the specified JSON data in a POST request to the\n HTTP server. --json works as a shortcut for passing on these\n three options:\n\n --data [arg]\n --header \"Content-Type: application/json\"\n --header \"Accept: application/json\"\n\n There is no verification that the passed in data is actual JSON\n or that the syntax is correct.\n\n If you start the data with the letter @, the rest should be a\n file name to read the data from, or a single dash (-) if you\n want curl to read the data from stdin. Posting data from a file\n named 'foobar' would thus be done with --json @foobar and to in-\n stead read the data from stdin, use --json @-.\n\n If this option is used more than once on the same command line,\n the additional data pieces are concatenated to the previous be-\n fore sending.\n\n The headers this option sets can be overridden with -H, --header\n as usual.\n\n --json can be used several times in a command line\n\n Examples:\n curl --json '{ \"drink\": \"coffe\" }' https://example.com\n curl --json '{ \"drink\":' --json ' \"coffe\" }' https://example.com\n curl --json @prepared https://example.com\n curl --json @- https://example.com < json.txt\n\n See also --data-binary and --data-raw. This option is mutually\n exclusive to -F, --form and -I, --head and -T, --upload-file.\n Added in 7.82.0.\n\n -j, --junk-session-cookies\n (HTTP) When curl is told to read cookies from a given file, this\n option makes it discard all \"session cookies\". This has the same\n effect as if a new session is started. Typical browsers discard\n session cookies when they are closed down.\n\n Providing -j, --junk-session-cookies multiple times has no extra\n effect. Disable it again with --no-junk-session-cookies.\n\n Example:\n curl --junk-session-cookies -b cookies.txt https://example.com\n\n See also -b, --cookie and -c, --cookie-jar.\n\n --keepalive-time \n This option sets the time a connection needs to remain idle be-\n fore sending keepalive probes and the time between individual\n keepalive probes. It is currently effective on operating systems\n offering the TCP_KEEPIDLE and TCP_KEEPINTVL socket options\n (meaning Linux, recent AIX, HP-UX and more). Keepalives are\n used by the TCP stack to detect broken networks on idle connec-\n tions. The number of missed keepalive probes before declaring\n the connection down is OS dependent and is commonly 9 or 10.\n This option has no effect if --no-keepalive is used.\n\n If unspecified, the option defaults to 60 seconds.\n\n If --keepalive-time is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --keepalive-time 20 https://example.com\n\n See also --no-keepalive and -m, --max-time.\n\n --key-type \n (TLS) Private key file type. Specify which type your --key pro-\n vided private key is. DER, PEM, and ENG are supported. If not\n specified, PEM is assumed.\n\n If --key-type is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --key-type DER --key here https://example.com\n\n See also --key.\n\n --key \n (TLS SSH) Private key file name. Allows you to provide your pri-\n vate key in this separate file. For SSH, if not specified, curl\n tries the following candidates in order: '~/.ssh/id_rsa',\n '~/.ssh/id_dsa', './id_rsa', './id_dsa'.\n\n If curl is built against OpenSSL library, and the engine pkcs11\n is available, then a PKCS#11 URI (RFC 7512) can be used to spec-\n ify a private key located in a PKCS#11 device. A string begin-\n ning with \"pkcs11:\" is interpreted as a PKCS#11 URI. If a\n PKCS#11 URI is provided, then the --engine option is set as\n \"pkcs11\" if none was provided and the --key-type option is set\n as \"ENG\" if none was provided.\n\n If curl is built against Secure Transport or Schannel then this\n option is ignored for TLS protocols (HTTPS, etc). Those backends\n expect the private key to be already present in the keychain or\n PKCS#12 file containing the certificate.\n\n If --key is provided several times, the last set value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --cert certificate --key here https://example.com\n\n See also --key-type and -E, --cert.\n\n --krb \n (FTP) Enable Kerberos authentication and use. The level must be\n entered and should be one of 'clear', 'safe', 'confidential', or\n 'private'. Should you use a level that is not one of these,\n 'private' is used.\n\n If --krb is provided several times, the last set value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --krb clear ftp://example.com/\n\n See also --delegation and --ssl. --krb requires that the under-\n lying libcurl was built to support Kerberos.\n\n --libcurl \n Append this option to any ordinary curl command line, and you\n get libcurl-using C source code written to the file that does\n the equivalent of what your command-line operation does!\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of --next.\n\n If --libcurl is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --libcurl client.c https://example.com\n\n See also -v, --verbose.\n\n --limit-rate \n Specify the maximum transfer rate you want curl to use - for\n both downloads and uploads. This feature is useful if you have a\n limited pipe and you would like your transfer not to use your\n entire bandwidth. To make it slower than it otherwise would be.\n\n The given speed is measured in bytes/second, unless a suffix is\n appended. Appending 'k' or 'K' counts the number as kilobytes,\n 'm' or 'M' makes it megabytes, while 'g' or 'G' makes it giga-\n bytes. The suffixes (k, M, G, T, P) are 1024 based. For example\n 1k is 1024. Examples: 200K, 3m and 1G.\n\n The rate limiting logic works on averaging the transfer speed to\n no more than the set threshold over a period of multiple sec-\n onds.\n\n If you also use the -Y, --speed-limit option, that option takes\n precedence and might cripple the rate-limiting slightly, to help\n keeping the speed-limit logic working.\n\n If --limit-rate is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Examples:\n curl --limit-rate 100K https://example.com\n curl --limit-rate 1000 https://example.com\n curl --limit-rate 10M https://example.com\n\n See also --rate, -Y, --speed-limit and -y, --speed-time.\n\n -l, --list-only\n (FTP POP3 SFTP) (FTP) When listing an FTP directory, this switch\n forces a name-only view. This is especially useful if the user\n wants to machine-parse the contents of an FTP directory since\n the normal directory view does not use a standard look or for-\n mat. When used like this, the option causes an NLST command to\n be sent to the server instead of LIST.\n\n Note: Some FTP servers list only files in their response to\n NLST; they do not include sub-directories and symbolic links.\n\n (SFTP) When listing an SFTP directory, this switch forces a\n name-only view, one per line. This is especially useful if the\n user wants to machine-parse the contents of an SFTP directory\n since the normal directory view provides more information than\n just file names.\n\n (POP3) When retrieving a specific email from POP3, this switch\n forces a LIST command to be performed instead of RETR. This is\n particularly useful if the user wants to see if a specific mes-\n sage-id exists on the server and what size it is.\n\n Note: When combined with -X, --request, this option can be used\n to send a UIDL command instead, so the user may use the email's\n unique identifier rather than its message-id to make the re-\n quest.\n\n Providing -l, --list-only multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-list-only.\n\n Example:\n curl --list-only ftp://example.com/dir/\n See also -Q, --quote and -X, --request.\n\n --local-port \n Set a preferred single number or range (FROM-TO) of local port\n numbers to use for the connection(s). Note that port numbers by\n nature are a scarce resource so setting this range to something\n too narrow might cause unnecessary connection setup failures.\n\n If --local-port is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --local-port 1000-3000 https://example.com\n\n See also -g, --globoff.\n\n --location-trusted\n (HTTP) Like -L, --location, but allows sending the name + pass-\n word to all hosts that the site may redirect to. This may or may\n not introduce a security breach if the site redirects you to a\n site to which you send your authentication info (which is plain-\n text in the case of HTTP Basic authentication).\n\n Providing --location-trusted multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-location-trusted.\n\n Example:\n curl --location-trusted -u user:password https://example.com\n\n See also -u, --user.\n\n -L, --location\n (HTTP) If the server reports that the requested page has moved\n to a different location (indicated with a Location: header and a\n 3XX response code), this option makes curl redo the request on\n the new place. If used together with -i, --include or -I,\n --head, headers from all requested pages are shown.\n\n When authentication is used, curl only sends its credentials to\n the initial host. If a redirect takes curl to a different host,\n it does not get the user+password pass on. See also --loca-\n tion-trusted on how to change this.\n\n Limit the amount of redirects to follow by using the\n --max-redirs option.\n\n When curl follows a redirect and if the request is a POST, it\n sends the following request with a GET if the HTTP response was\n 301, 302, or 303. If the response code was any other 3xx code,\n curl resends the following request using the same unmodified\n method.\n\n You can tell curl to not change POST requests to GET after a 30x\n response by using the dedicated options for that: --post301,\n --post302 and --post303.\n\n The method set with -X, --request overrides the method curl\n would otherwise select to use.\n\n Providing -L, --location multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-location.\n\n Example:\n curl -L https://example.com\n\n See also --resolve and --alt-svc.\n\n --login-options \n (IMAP LDAP POP3 SMTP) Specify the login options to use during\n server authentication.\n\n You can use login options to specify protocol specific options\n that may be used during authentication. At present only IMAP,\n POP3 and SMTP support login options. For more information about\n login options please see RFC 2384, RFC 5092 and the IETF draft\n https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/draft-earhart-url-smtp-00.\n Since 8.2.0, IMAP supports the login option \"AUTH=+LOGIN\". With\n this option, curl uses the plain (not SASL) LOGIN IMAP command\n even if the server advertises SASL authentication. Care should\n be taken in using this option, as it sends your password over\n the network in plain text. This does not work if the IMAP server\n disables the plain LOGIN (e.g. to prevent password snooping).\n\n If --login-options is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --login-options 'AUTH=*' imap://example.com\n\n See also -u, --user.\n\n --mail-auth
\n (SMTP) Specify a single address. This is used to specify the au-\n thentication address (identity) of a submitted message that is\n being relayed to another server.\n\n If --mail-auth is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --mail-auth user@example.come -T mail smtp://example.com/\n\n See also --mail-rcpt and --mail-from.\n\n --mail-from
\n (SMTP) Specify a single address that the given mail should get\n sent from.\n\n If --mail-from is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --mail-from user@example.com -T mail smtp://example.com/\n\n See also --mail-rcpt and --mail-auth.\n\n --mail-rcpt-allowfails\n (SMTP) When sending data to multiple recipients, by default curl\n aborts SMTP conversation if at least one of the recipients\n causes RCPT TO command to return an error.\n\n The default behavior can be changed by passing --mail-rcpt-al-\n lowfails command-line option which makes curl ignore errors and\n proceed with the remaining valid recipients.\n\n If all recipients trigger RCPT TO failures and this flag is\n specified, curl still aborts the SMTP conversation and returns\n the error received from to the last RCPT TO command.\n\n Providing --mail-rcpt-allowfails multiple times has no extra ef-\n fect. Disable it again with --no-mail-rcpt-allowfails.\n\n Example:\n curl --mail-rcpt-allowfails --mail-rcpt dest@example.com smtp://example.com\n\n See also --mail-rcpt. Added in 7.69.0.\n\n --mail-rcpt
\n (SMTP) Specify a single email address, user name or mailing list\n name. Repeat this option several times to send to multiple re-\n cipients.\n\n When performing an address verification (VRFY command), the re-\n cipient should be specified as the user name or user name and\n domain (as per Section 3.5 of RFC 5321).\n\n When performing a mailing list expand (EXPN command), the recip-\n ient should be specified using the mailing list name, such as\n \"Friends\" or \"London-Office\".\n\n --mail-rcpt can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --mail-rcpt user@example.net smtp://example.com\n\n See also --mail-rcpt-allowfails.\n\n -M, --manual\n Manual. Display the huge help text.\n\n Example:\n curl --manual\n\n See also -v, --verbose, --libcurl and --trace.\n\n --max-filesize \n (FTP HTTP MQTT) Specify the maximum size (in bytes) of a file to\n download. If the file requested is larger than this value, the\n transfer does not start and curl returns with exit code 63.\n\n A size modifier may be used. For example, Appending 'k' or 'K'\n counts the number as kilobytes, 'm' or 'M' makes it megabytes,\n while 'g' or 'G' makes it gigabytes. Examples: 200K, 3m and 1G.\n (Added in 7.58.0)\n\n NOTE: before curl 8.4.0, when the file size is not known prior\n to download, for such files this option has no effect even if\n the file transfer ends up being larger than this given limit.\n\n Starting with curl 8.4.0, this option aborts the transfer if it\n reaches the threshold during transfer.\n\n If --max-filesize is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --max-filesize 100K https://example.com\n\n See also --limit-rate.\n\n --max-redirs \n (HTTP) Set maximum number of redirections to follow. When -L,\n --location is used, to prevent curl from following too many\n redirects, by default, the limit is set to 50 redirects. Set\n this option to -1 to make it unlimited.\n\n If --max-redirs is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --max-redirs 3 --location https://example.com\n\n See also -L, --location.\n\n -m, --max-time \n Maximum time in seconds that you allow each transfer to take.\n This is useful for preventing your batch jobs from hanging for\n hours due to slow networks or links going down. This option ac-\n cepts decimal values.\n\n If you enable retrying the transfer (--retry) then the maximum\n time counter is reset each time the transfer is retried. You can\n use --retry-max-time to limit the retry time.\n\n The decimal value needs to provided using a dot (.) as decimal\n separator - not the local version even if it might be using an-\n other separator.\n\n If -m, --max-time is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl --max-time 10 https://example.com\n curl --max-time 2.92 https://example.com\n\n See also --connect-timeout and --retry-max-time.\n\n --metalink\n This option was previously used to specify a Metalink resource.\n Metalink support is disabled in curl for security reasons (added\n in 7.78.0).\n\n If --metalink is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --metalink file https://example.com\n\n See also -Z, --parallel.\n\n --negotiate\n (HTTP) Enables Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication.\n\n This option requires a library built with GSS-API or SSPI sup-\n port. Use -V, --version to see if your curl supports\n GSS-API/SSPI or SPNEGO.\n\n When using this option, you must also provide a fake -u, --user\n option to activate the authentication code properly. Sending a\n '-u :' is enough as the user name and password from the -u,\n --user option are not actually used.\n\n Providing --negotiate multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --negotiate -u : https://example.com\n\n See also --basic, --ntlm, --anyauth and --proxy-negotiate.\n\n --netrc-file \n This option is similar to -n, --netrc, except that you provide\n the path (absolute or relative) to the netrc file that curl\n should use. You can only specify one netrc file per invocation.\n\n It abides by --netrc-optional if specified.\n\n If --netrc-file is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --netrc-file netrc https://example.com\n\n See also -n, --netrc, -u, --user and -K, --config. This option\n is mutually exclusive to -n, --netrc.\n\n --netrc-optional\n Similar to -n, --netrc, but this option makes the .netrc usage\n optional and not mandatory as the -n, --netrc option does.\n\n Providing --netrc-optional multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-netrc-optional.\n\n Example:\n curl --netrc-optional https://example.com\n\n See also --netrc-file. This option is mutually exclusive to -n,\n --netrc.\n\n -n, --netrc\n Makes curl scan the .netrc file in the user's home directory for\n login name and password. This is typically used for FTP on Unix.\n If used with HTTP, curl enables user authentication. See\n netrc(5) and ftp(1) for details on the file format. Curl does\n not complain if that file does not have the right permissions\n (it should be neither world- nor group-readable). The environ-\n ment variable \"HOME\" is used to find the home directory.\n\n On Windows two filenames in the home directory are checked:\n .netrc and _netrc, preferring the former. Older versions on Win-\n dows checked for _netrc only.\n\n A quick and simple example of how to setup a .netrc to allow\n curl to FTP to the machine host.domain.com with user name 'my-\n self' and password 'secret' could look similar to:\n\n machine host.domain.com\n login myself\n password secret\n\n Providing -n, --netrc multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-netrc.\n\n Example:\n curl --netrc https://example.com\n\n See also --netrc-file, -K, --config and -u, --user. This option\n is mutually exclusive to --netrc-file and --netrc-optional.\n\n -:, --next\n Tells curl to use a separate operation for the following URL and\n associated options. This allows you to send several URL re-\n quests, each with their own specific options, for example, such\n as different user names or custom requests for each.\n\n -:, --next resets all local options and only global ones have\n their values survive over to the operation following the -:,\n --next instruction. Global options include -v, --verbose,\n --trace, --trace-ascii and --fail-early.\n\n For example, you can do both a GET and a POST in a single com-\n mand line:\n\n curl www1.example.com --next -d postthis www2.example.com\n\n -:, --next can be used several times in a command line\n\n Examples:\n curl https://example.com --next -d postthis www2.example.com\n curl -I https://example.com --next https://example.net/\n\n See also -Z, --parallel and -K, --config.\n\n --no-alpn\n (HTTPS) Disable the ALPN TLS extension. ALPN is enabled by de-\n fault if libcurl was built with an SSL library that supports\n ALPN. ALPN is used by a libcurl that supports HTTP/2 to negoti-\n ate HTTP/2 support with the server during https sessions.\n\n Note that this is the negated option name documented. You can\n use --alpn to enable ALPN.\n\n Providing --no-alpn multiple times has no extra effect. Disable\n it again with --alpn.\n\n Example:\n curl --no-alpn https://example.com\n\n See also --no-npn and --http2. --no-alpn requires that the un-\n derlying libcurl was built to support TLS.\n\n -N, --no-buffer\n Disables the buffering of the output stream. In normal work sit-\n uations, curl uses a standard buffered output stream that has\n the effect that it outputs the data in chunks, not necessarily\n exactly when the data arrives. Using this option disables that\n buffering.\n\n Note that this is the negated option name documented. You can\n use --buffer to enable buffering again.\n\n Providing -N, --no-buffer multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --buffer.\n\n Example:\n curl --no-buffer https://example.com\n\n See also -#, --progress-bar.\n\n --no-clobber\n When used in conjunction with the -o, --output, -J, --re-\n mote-header-name, -O, --remote-name, or --remote-name-all op-\n tions, curl avoids overwriting files that already exist. In-\n stead, a dot and a number gets appended to the name of the file\n that would be created, up to filename.100 after which it does\n not create any file.\n\n Note that this is the negated option name documented. You can\n thus use --clobber to enforce the clobbering, even if -J, --re-\n mote-header-name is specified.\n\n Providing --no-clobber multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --clobber.\n\n Example:\n curl --no-clobber --output local/dir/file https://example.com\n See also -o, --output and -O, --remote-name. Added in 7.83.0.\n\n --no-keepalive\n Disables the use of keepalive messages on the TCP connection.\n curl otherwise enables them by default.\n\n Note that this is the negated option name documented. You can\n thus use --keepalive to enforce keepalive.\n\n Providing --no-keepalive multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --keepalive.\n\n Example:\n curl --no-keepalive https://example.com\n\n See also --keepalive-time.\n\n --no-npn\n (HTTPS) curl never uses NPN, this option has no effect (added in\n 7.86.0).\n\n Disable the NPN TLS extension. NPN is enabled by default if\n libcurl was built with an SSL library that supports NPN. NPN is\n used by a libcurl that supports HTTP/2 to negotiate HTTP/2 sup-\n port with the server during https sessions.\n\n Providing --no-npn multiple times has no extra effect. Disable\n it again with --npn.\n\n Example:\n curl --no-npn https://example.com\n\n See also --no-alpn and --http2. --no-npn requires that the un-\n derlying libcurl was built to support TLS.\n\n --no-progress-meter\n Option to switch off the progress meter output without muting or\n otherwise affecting warning and informational messages like -s,\n --silent does.\n\n Note that this is the negated option name documented. You can\n thus use --progress-meter to enable the progress meter again.\n\n Providing --no-progress-meter multiple times has no extra ef-\n fect. Disable it again with --progress-meter.\n\n Example:\n curl --no-progress-meter -o store https://example.com\n\n See also -v, --verbose and -s, --silent. Added in 7.67.0.\n\n --no-sessionid\n (TLS) Disable curl's use of SSL session-ID caching. By default\n all transfers are done using the cache. Note that while nothing\n should ever get hurt by attempting to reuse SSL session-IDs,\n there seem to be broken SSL implementations in the wild that may\n require you to disable this in order for you to succeed.\n\n Note that this is the negated option name documented. You can\n thus use --sessionid to enforce session-ID caching.\n\n Providing --no-sessionid multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --sessionid.\n\n Example:\n curl --no-sessionid https://example.com\n\n See also -k, --insecure.\n\n --noproxy \n Comma-separated list of hosts for which not to use a proxy, if\n one is specified. The only wildcard is a single * character,\n which matches all hosts, and effectively disables the proxy.\n Each name in this list is matched as either a domain which con-\n tains the hostname, or the hostname itself. For example, lo-\n cal.com would match local.com, local.com:80, and www.local.com,\n but not www.notlocal.com.\n\n This option overrides the environment variables that disable the\n proxy ('no_proxy' and 'NO_PROXY') (added in 7.53.0). If there is\n an environment variable disabling a proxy, you can set the no\n proxy list to \"\" to override it.\n\n IP addresses specified to this option can be provided using CIDR\n notation (added in 7.86.0): an appended slash and number speci-\n fies the number of \"network bits\" out of the address to use in\n the comparison. For example \"192.168.0.0/16\" would match all ad-\n dresses starting with \"192.168\".\n\n If --noproxy is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --noproxy \"www.example\" https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy.\n\n --ntlm-wb\n (HTTP) Enables NTLM much in the style --ntlm does, but hand over\n the authentication to the separate binary ntlmauth application\n that is executed when needed.\n\n Providing --ntlm-wb multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --ntlm-wb -u user:password https://example.com\n\n See also --ntlm and --proxy-ntlm.\n\n --ntlm (HTTP) Enables NTLM authentication. The NTLM authentication\n method was designed by Microsoft and is used by IIS web servers.\n It is a proprietary protocol, reverse-engineered by clever peo-\n ple and implemented in curl based on their efforts. This kind of\n behavior should not be endorsed, you should encourage everyone\n who uses NTLM to switch to a public and documented authentica-\n tion method instead, such as Digest.\n\n If you want to enable NTLM for your proxy authentication, then\n use --proxy-ntlm.\n\n Providing --ntlm multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --ntlm -u user:password https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-ntlm. --ntlm requires that the underlying\n libcurl was built to support TLS. This option is mutually exclu-\n sive to --basic and --negotiate and --digest and --anyauth.\n\n --oauth2-bearer \n (IMAP LDAP POP3 SMTP HTTP) Specify the Bearer Token for OAUTH\n 2.0 server authentication. The Bearer Token is used in conjunc-\n tion with the user name which can be specified as part of the\n --url or -u, --user options.\n\n The Bearer Token and user name are formatted according to RFC\n 6750.\n\n If --oauth2-bearer is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --oauth2-bearer \"mF_9.B5f-4.1JqM\" https://example.com\n\n See also --basic, --ntlm and --digest.\n\n --output-dir \n This option specifies the directory in which files should be\n stored, when -O, --remote-name or -o, --output are used.\n\n The given output directory is used for all URLs and output op-\n tions on the command line, up until the first -:, --next.\n\n If the specified target directory does not exist, the operation\n fails unless --create-dirs is also used.\n\n If --output-dir is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --output-dir \"tmp\" -O https://example.com\n\n See also -O, --remote-name and -J, --remote-header-name. Added\n in 7.73.0.\n\n -o, --output \n Write output to instead of stdout. If you are using {} or\n [] to fetch multiple documents, you should quote the URL and you\n can use '#' followed by a number in the specifier. That\n variable is replaced with the current string for the URL being\n fetched. Like in:\n\n curl \"http://{one,two}.example.com\" -o \"file_#1.txt\"\n\n or use several variables like:\n\n curl \"http://{site,host}.host[1-5].example\" -o \"#1_#2\"\n\n You may use this option as many times as the number of URLs you\n have. For example, if you specify two URLs on the same command\n line, you can use it like this:\n\n curl -o aa example.com -o bb example.net\n\n and the order of the -o options and the URLs does not matter,\n just that the first -o is for the first URL and so on, so the\n above command line can also be written as\n\n curl example.com example.net -o aa -o bb\n\n See also the --create-dirs option to create the local directo-\n ries dynamically. Specifying the output as '-' (a single dash)\n passes the output to stdout.\n\n To suppress response bodies, you can redirect output to\n /dev/null:\n\n curl example.com -o /dev/null\n\n Or for Windows:\n\n curl example.com -o nul\n\n -o, --output can be used several times in a command line\n\n Examples:\n curl -o file https://example.com\n curl \"http://{one,two}.example.com\" -o \"file_#1.txt\"\n curl \"http://{site,host}.host[1-5].example\" -o \"#1_#2\"\n curl -o file https://example.com -o file2 https://example.net\n\n See also -O, --remote-name, --remote-name-all and -J, --re-\n mote-header-name.\n\n --parallel-immediate\n When doing parallel transfers, this option instructs curl that\n it should rather prefer opening up more connections in parallel\n at once rather than waiting to see if new transfers can be added\n as multiplexed streams on another connection.\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of --next.\n\n Providing --parallel-immediate multiple times has no extra ef-\n fect. Disable it again with --no-parallel-immediate.\n\n Example:\n curl --parallel-immediate -Z https://example.com -o file1 https://example.com -o file2\n\n See also -Z, --parallel and --parallel-max. Added in 7.68.0.\n\n --parallel-max \n When asked to do parallel transfers, using -Z, --parallel, this\n option controls the maximum amount of transfers to do simultane-\n ously.\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of -:, --next.\n The default is 50.\n\n If --parallel-max is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --parallel-max 100 -Z https://example.com ftp://example.com/\n\n See also -Z, --parallel. Added in 7.66.0.\n\n -Z, --parallel\n Makes curl perform its transfers in parallel as compared to the\n regular serial manner.\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of --next.\n\n Providing -Z, --parallel multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-parallel.\n\n Example:\n curl --parallel https://example.com -o file1 https://example.com -o file2\n\n See also -:, --next and -v, --verbose. Added in 7.66.0.\n\n --pass \n (SSH TLS) Passphrase for the private key.\n\n If --pass is provided several times, the last set value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --pass secret --key file https://example.com\n\n See also --key and -u, --user.\n\n --path-as-is\n Tell curl to not handle sequences of /../ or /./ in the given\n URL path. Normally curl squashes or merges them according to\n standards but with this option set you tell it not to do that.\n\n Providing --path-as-is multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-path-as-is.\n\n Example:\n curl --path-as-is https://example.com/../../etc/passwd\n\n See also --request-target.\n\n --pinnedpubkey \n (TLS) Tells curl to use the specified public key file (or\n hashes) to verify the peer. This can be a path to a file which\n contains a single public key in PEM or DER format, or any number\n of base64 encoded sha256 hashes preceded by 'sha256//' and sepa-\n rated by ';'.\n\n When negotiating a TLS or SSL connection, the server sends a\n certificate indicating its identity. A public key is extracted\n from this certificate and if it does not exactly match the pub-\n lic key provided to this option, curl aborts the connection be-\n fore sending or receiving any data.\n\n This option is independent of option -k, --insecure. If you use\n both options together then the peer is still verified by public\n key.\n\n PEM/DER support:\n\n OpenSSL and GnuTLS, wolfSSL (added in 7.43.0), mbedTLS , Secure\n Transport macOS 10.7+/iOS 10+ (7.54.1), Schannel (7.58.1)\n\n sha256 support:\n\n OpenSSL, GnuTLS and wolfSSL, mbedTLS (added in 7.47.0), Secure\n Transport macOS 10.7+/iOS 10+ (7.54.1), Schannel (7.58.1)\n\n Other SSL backends not supported.\n\n If --pinnedpubkey is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl --pinnedpubkey keyfile https://example.com\n curl --pinnedpubkey 'sha256//ce118b51897f4452dc' https://example.com\n\n See also --hostpubsha256.\n\n --post301\n (HTTP) Tells curl to respect RFC 7231/6.4.2 and not convert POST\n requests into GET requests when following a 301 redirection. The\n non-RFC behavior is ubiquitous in web browsers, so curl does the\n conversion by default to maintain consistency. However, a server\n may require a POST to remain a POST after such a redirection.\n This option is meaningful only when using -L, --location.\n\n Providing --post301 multiple times has no extra effect. Disable\n it again with --no-post301.\n\n Example:\n curl --post301 --location -d \"data\" https://example.com\n\n See also --post302, --post303 and -L, --location.\n\n --post302\n (HTTP) Tells curl to respect RFC 7231/6.4.3 and not convert POST\n requests into GET requests when following a 302 redirection. The\n non-RFC behavior is ubiquitous in web browsers, so curl does the\n conversion by default to maintain consistency. However, a server\n may require a POST to remain a POST after such a redirection.\n This option is meaningful only when using -L, --location.\n\n Providing --post302 multiple times has no extra effect. Disable\n it again with --no-post302.\n\n Example:\n curl --post302 --location -d \"data\" https://example.com\n\n See also --post301, --post303 and -L, --location.\n\n --post303\n (HTTP) Tells curl to violate RFC 7231/6.4.4 and not convert POST\n requests into GET requests when following 303 redirections. A\n server may require a POST to remain a POST after a 303 redirec-\n tion. This option is meaningful only when using -L, --location.\n\n Providing --post303 multiple times has no extra effect. Disable\n it again with --no-post303.\n\n Example:\n curl --post303 --location -d \"data\" https://example.com\n\n See also --post302, --post301 and -L, --location.\n\n --preproxy [protocol://]host[:port]\n Use the specified SOCKS proxy before connecting to an HTTP or\n HTTPS -x, --proxy. In such a case curl first connects to the\n SOCKS proxy and then connects (through SOCKS) to the HTTP or\n HTTPS proxy. Hence pre proxy.\n\n The pre proxy string should be specified with a protocol:// pre-\n fix to specify alternative proxy protocols. Use socks4://,\n socks4a://, socks5:// or socks5h:// to request the specific\n SOCKS version to be used. No protocol specified makes curl de-\n fault to SOCKS4.\n\n If the port number is not specified in the proxy string, it is\n assumed to be 1080.\n\n User and password that might be provided in the proxy string are\n URL decoded by curl. This allows you to pass in special charac-\n ters such as @ by using %40 or pass in a colon with %3a.\n\n If --preproxy is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --preproxy socks5://proxy.example -x http://http.example https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy and --socks5. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n -#, --progress-bar\n Make curl display transfer progress as a simple progress bar in-\n stead of the standard, more informational, meter.\n\n This progress bar draws a single line of '#' characters across\n the screen and shows a percentage if the transfer size is known.\n For transfers without a known size, there is a space ship\n (-=o=-) that moves back and forth but only while data is being\n transferred, with a set of flying hash sign symbols on top.\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of --next.\n\n Providing -#, --progress-bar multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-progress-bar.\n\n Example:\n curl -# -O https://example.com\n\n See also --styled-output.\n\n --proto-default \n Tells curl to use protocol for any URL missing a scheme name.\n\n An unknown or unsupported protocol causes error CURLE_UNSUP-\n PORTED_PROTOCOL (1).\n\n This option does not change the default proxy protocol (http).\n\n Without this option set, curl guesses protocol based on the host\n name, see --url for details.\n\n If --proto-default is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --proto-default https ftp.example.com\n\n See also --proto and --proto-redir.\n\n --proto-redir \n Tells curl to limit what protocols it may use on redirect. Pro-\n tocols denied by --proto are not overridden by this option. See\n --proto for how protocols are represented.\n\n Example, allow only HTTP and HTTPS on redirect:\n\n curl --proto-redir -all,http,https http://example.com\n\n By default curl only allows HTTP, HTTPS, FTP and FTPS on redi-\n rects (added in 7.65.2). Specifying all or +all enables all pro-\n tocols on redirects, which is not good for security.\n\n If --proto-redir is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --proto-redir =http,https https://example.com\n\n See also --proto.\n\n --proto \n Tells curl to limit what protocols it may use for transfers.\n Protocols are evaluated left to right, are comma separated, and\n are each a protocol name or 'all', optionally prefixed by zero\n or more modifiers. Available modifiers are:\n\n + Permit this protocol in addition to protocols already permit-\n ted (this is the default if no modifier is used).\n\n - Deny this protocol, removing it from the list of protocols\n already permitted.\n\n = Permit only this protocol (ignoring the list already permit-\n ted), though subject to later modification by subsequent en-\n tries in the comma separated list.\n\n For example:\n\n --proto -ftps uses the default protocols, but disables ftps\n\n --proto -all,https,+http\n only enables http and https\n\n --proto =http,https\n also only enables http and https\n\n Unknown and disabled protocols produce a warning. This allows\n scripts to safely rely on being able to disable potentially dan-\n gerous protocols, without relying upon support for that protocol\n being built into curl to avoid an error.\n\n This option can be used multiple times, in which case the effect\n is the same as concatenating the protocols into one instance of\n the option.\n\n If --proto is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proto =http,https,sftp https://example.com\n\n See also --proto-redir and --proto-default.\n\n --proxy-anyauth\n Tells curl to pick a suitable authentication method when commu-\n nicating with the given HTTP proxy. This might cause an extra\n request/response round-trip.\n\n Providing --proxy-anyauth multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-anyauth --proxy-user user:passwd -x proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy, --proxy-basic and --proxy-digest.\n\n --proxy-basic\n Tells curl to use HTTP Basic authentication when communicating\n with the given proxy. Use --basic for enabling HTTP Basic with a\n remote host. Basic is the default authentication method curl\n uses with proxies.\n\n Providing --proxy-basic multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-basic --proxy-user user:passwd -x proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy, --proxy-anyauth and --proxy-digest.\n\n --proxy-ca-native\n (TLS) Tells curl to use the CA store from the native operating\n system to verify the HTTPS proxy. By default, curl uses a CA\n store provided in a single file or directory, but when using\n this option it interfaces the operating system's own vault.\n\n This option only works for curl on Windows when built to use\n OpenSSL. When curl on Windows is built to use Schannel, this\n feature is implied and curl then only uses the native CA store.\n\n curl built with wolfSSL also supports this option (added in\n 8.3.0).\n\n Providing --proxy-ca-native multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-proxy-ca-native.\n\n Example:\n curl --ca-native https://example.com\n\n See also --cacert, --capath and -k, --insecure. Added in 8.2.0.\n\n --proxy-cacert \n Same as --cacert but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-cacert is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --proxy-cacert CA-file.txt -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-capath, --cacert, --capath and -x, --proxy.\n Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-capath \n Same as --capath but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-capath is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --proxy-capath /local/directory -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-cacert, -x, --proxy and --capath. Added in\n 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-cert-type \n Same as --cert-type but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-cert-type is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-cert-type PEM --proxy-cert file -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-cert. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-cert \n Same as -E, --cert but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-cert is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-cert file -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-cert-type. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-ciphers \n Same as --ciphers but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n Specifies which ciphers to use in the connection to the HTTPS\n proxy. The list of ciphers must specify valid ciphers. Read up\n on SSL cipher list details on this URL:\n\n https://curl.se/docs/ssl-ciphers.html\n\n If --proxy-ciphers is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --proxy-ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-CCM8 -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --ciphers, --curves and -x, --proxy. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-crlfile \n Same as --crlfile but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-crlfile is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --proxy-crlfile rejects.txt -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --crlfile and -x, --proxy. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-digest\n Tells curl to use HTTP Digest authentication when communicating\n with the given proxy. Use --digest for enabling HTTP Digest with\n a remote host.\n\n Providing --proxy-digest multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-digest --proxy-user user:passwd -x proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy, --proxy-anyauth and --proxy-basic.\n\n --proxy-header
\n (HTTP) Extra header to include in the request when sending HTTP\n to a proxy. You may specify any number of extra headers. This is\n the equivalent option to -H, --header but is for proxy communi-\n cation only like in CONNECT requests when you want a separate\n header sent to the proxy to what is sent to the actual remote\n host.\n\n curl makes sure that each header you add/replace is sent with\n the proper end-of-line marker, you should thus not add that as a\n part of the header content: do not add newlines or carriage re-\n turns, they only mess things up for you.\n\n Headers specified with this option are not included in requests\n that curl knows are not be sent to a proxy.\n\n This option can take an argument in @filename style, which then\n adds a header for each line in the input file (added in 7.55.0).\n Using @- makes curl read the headers from stdin.\n\n This option can be used multiple times to add/replace/remove\n multiple headers.\n\n --proxy-header can be used several times in a command line\n\n Examples:\n curl --proxy-header \"X-First-Name: Joe\" -x http://proxy https://example.com\n curl --proxy-header \"User-Agent: surprise\" -x http://proxy https://example.com\n curl --proxy-header \"Host:\" -x http://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy.\n\n --proxy-http2\n (HTTP) Tells curl to try negotiate HTTP version 2 with an HTTPS\n proxy. The proxy might still only offer HTTP/1 and then curl\n sticks to using that version.\n\n This has no effect for any other kinds of proxies.\n\n Providing --proxy-http2 multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-proxy-http2.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-http2 -x proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy. --proxy-http2 requires that the underlying\n libcurl was built to support HTTP/2. Added in 8.1.0.\n\n --proxy-insecure\n Same as -k, --insecure but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n Providing --proxy-insecure multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-proxy-insecure.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-insecure -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy and -k, --insecure. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-key-type \n Same as --key-type but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-key-type is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-key-type DER --proxy-key here -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-key and -x, --proxy. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-key \n Same as --key but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-key is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-key here -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-key-type and -x, --proxy. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-negotiate\n Tells curl to use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication when\n communicating with the given proxy. Use --negotiate for enabling\n HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) with a remote host.\n\n Providing --proxy-negotiate multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-negotiate --proxy-user user:passwd -x proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-anyauth and --proxy-basic.\n\n --proxy-ntlm\n Tells curl to use HTTP NTLM authentication when communicating\n with the given proxy. Use --ntlm for enabling NTLM with a remote\n host.\n\n Providing --proxy-ntlm multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-ntlm --proxy-user user:passwd -x http://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-negotiate and --proxy-anyauth.\n\n --proxy-pass \n Same as --pass but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-pass is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-pass secret --proxy-key here -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy and --proxy-key. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-pinnedpubkey \n (TLS) Tells curl to use the specified public key file (or\n hashes) to verify the proxy. This can be a path to a file which\n contains a single public key in PEM or DER format, or any number\n of base64 encoded sha256 hashes preceded by 'sha256//' and sepa-\n rated by ';'.\n\n When negotiating a TLS or SSL connection, the server sends a\n certificate indicating its identity. A public key is extracted\n from this certificate and if it does not exactly match the pub-\n lic key provided to this option, curl aborts the connection be-\n fore sending or receiving any data.\n\n If --proxy-pinnedpubkey is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl --proxy-pinnedpubkey keyfile https://example.com\n curl --proxy-pinnedpubkey 'sha256//ce118b51897f4452dc' https://example.com\n\n See also --pinnedpubkey and -x, --proxy. Added in 7.59.0.\n\n --proxy-service-name \n This option allows you to change the service name for proxy ne-\n gotiation.\n\n If --proxy-service-name is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-service-name \"shrubbery\" -x proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --service-name and -x, --proxy.\n\n --proxy-ssl-allow-beast\n Same as --ssl-allow-beast but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n Providing --proxy-ssl-allow-beast multiple times has no extra\n effect. Disable it again with --no-proxy-ssl-allow-beast.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-ssl-allow-beast -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --ssl-allow-beast and -x, --proxy. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-ssl-auto-client-cert\n Same as --ssl-auto-client-cert but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n Providing --proxy-ssl-auto-client-cert multiple times has no ex-\n tra effect. Disable it again with\n --no-proxy-ssl-auto-client-cert.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-ssl-auto-client-cert -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --ssl-auto-client-cert and -x, --proxy. Added in\n 7.77.0.\n\n --proxy-tls13-ciphers \n (TLS) Specifies which cipher suites to use in the connection to\n your HTTPS proxy when it negotiates TLS 1.3. The list of ciphers\n suites must specify valid ciphers. Read up on TLS 1.3 cipher\n suite details on this URL:\n\n https://curl.se/docs/ssl-ciphers.html\n\n This option is currently used only when curl is built to use\n OpenSSL 1.1.1 or later. If you are using a different SSL backend\n you can try setting TLS 1.3 cipher suites by using the\n --proxy-ciphers option.\n\n If --proxy-tls13-ciphers is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-tls13-ciphers TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 -x proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --tls13-ciphers, --curves and --proxy-ciphers. Added in\n 7.61.0.\n\n --proxy-tlsauthtype \n Same as --tlsauthtype but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-tlsauthtype is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-tlsauthtype SRP -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy and --proxy-tlsuser. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-tlspassword \n Same as --tlspassword but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-tlspassword is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-tlspassword passwd -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy and --proxy-tlsuser. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-tlsuser \n Same as --tlsuser but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n If --proxy-tlsuser is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --proxy-tlsuser smith -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy and --proxy-tlspassword. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --proxy-tlsv1\n Same as -1, --tlsv1 but used in HTTPS proxy context.\n\n Providing --proxy-tlsv1 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-tlsv1 -x https://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n -U, --proxy-user \n Specify the user name and password to use for proxy authentica-\n tion.\n\n If you use a Windows SSPI-enabled curl binary and do either Ne-\n gotiate or NTLM authentication then you can tell curl to select\n the user name and password from your environment by specifying a\n single colon with this option: \"-U :\".\n\n On systems where it works, curl hides the given option argument\n from process listings. This is not enough to protect credentials\n from possibly getting seen by other users on the same system as\n they still are visible for a moment before cleared. Such sensi-\n tive data should be retrieved from a file instead or similar and\n never used in clear text in a command line.\n\n If -U, --proxy-user is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy-user name:pwd -x proxy https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-pass.\n\n -x, --proxy [protocol://]host[:port]\n Use the specified proxy.\n\n The proxy string can be specified with a protocol:// prefix. No\n protocol specified or http:// it is treated as an HTTP proxy.\n Use socks4://, socks4a://, socks5:// or socks5h:// to request a\n specific SOCKS version to be used.\n\n Unix domain sockets are supported for socks proxy. Set localhost\n for the host part. e.g. socks5h://localhost/path/to/socket.sock\n\n HTTPS proxy support works set with the https:// protocol prefix\n for OpenSSL and GnuTLS (added in 7.52.0). It also works for\n BearSSL, mbedTLS, rustls, Schannel, Secure Transport and wolfSSL\n (added in 7.87.0).\n\n Unrecognized and unsupported proxy protocols cause an error\n (added in 7.52.0). Ancient curl versions ignored unknown\n schemes and used http:// instead.\n\n If the port number is not specified in the proxy string, it is\n assumed to be 1080.\n\n This option overrides existing environment variables that set\n the proxy to use. If there is an environment variable setting a\n proxy, you can set proxy to \"\" to override it.\n\n All operations that are performed over an HTTP proxy are trans-\n parently converted to HTTP. It means that certain protocol spe-\n cific operations might not be available. This is not the case if\n you can tunnel through the proxy, as one with the -p, --proxy-\n tunnel option.\n\n User and password that might be provided in the proxy string are\n URL decoded by curl. This allows you to pass in special charac-\n ters such as @ by using %40 or pass in a colon with %3a.\n\n The proxy host can be specified the same way as the proxy envi-\n ronment variables, including the protocol prefix (http://) and\n the embedded user + password.\n\n When a proxy is used, the active FTP mode as set with -P,\n --ftp-port, cannot be used.\n\n If -x, --proxy is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy http://proxy.example https://example.com\n\n See also --socks5 and --proxy-basic.\n\n --proxy1.0 \n Use the specified HTTP 1.0 proxy. If the port number is not\n specified, it is assumed at port 1080.\n\n The only difference between this and the HTTP proxy option -x,\n --proxy, is that attempts to use CONNECT through the proxy spec-\n ifies an HTTP 1.0 protocol instead of the default HTTP 1.1.\n\n Providing --proxy1.0 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxy1.0 -x http://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy, --socks5 and --preproxy.\n\n -p, --proxytunnel\n When an HTTP proxy is used -x, --proxy, this option makes curl\n tunnel the traffic through the proxy. The tunnel approach is\n made with the HTTP proxy CONNECT request and requires that the\n proxy allows direct connect to the remote port number curl wants\n to tunnel through to.\n\n To suppress proxy CONNECT response headers when curl is set to\n output headers use --suppress-connect-headers.\n\n Providing -p, --proxytunnel multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-proxytunnel.\n\n Example:\n curl --proxytunnel -x http://proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -x, --proxy.\n\n --pubkey \n (SFTP SCP) Public key file name. Allows you to provide your pub-\n lic key in this separate file.\n\n curl attempts to automatically extract the public key from the\n private key file, so passing this option is generally not re-\n quired. Note that this public key extraction requires libcurl to\n be linked against a copy of libssh2 1.2.8 or higher that is it-\n self linked against OpenSSL.\n\n If --pubkey is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --pubkey file.pub sftp://example.com/\n\n See also --pass.\n\n -Q, --quote \n (FTP SFTP) Send an arbitrary command to the remote FTP or SFTP\n server. Quote commands are sent BEFORE the transfer takes place\n (just after the initial PWD command in an FTP transfer, to be\n exact). To make commands take place after a successful transfer,\n prefix them with a dash '-'.\n\n (FTP only) To make commands be sent after curl has changed the\n working directory, just before the file transfer command(s),\n prefix the command with a '+'. This is not performed when a di-\n rectory listing is performed.\n\n You may specify any number of commands.\n\n By default curl stops at first failure. To make curl continue\n even if the command fails, prefix the command with an asterisk\n (*). Otherwise, if the server returns failure for one of the\n commands, the entire operation is aborted.\n\n You must send syntactically correct FTP commands as RFC 959 de-\n fines to FTP servers, or one of the commands listed below to\n SFTP servers.\n\n SFTP is a binary protocol. Unlike for FTP, curl interprets SFTP\n quote commands itself before sending them to the server. File\n names may be quoted shell-style to embed spaces or special char-\n acters. Following is the list of all supported SFTP quote com-\n mands:\n\n \"atime date file\"\n The atime command sets the last access time of the file\n named by the file operand. The can be\n all sorts of date strings, see the curl_getdate(3) man\n page for date expression details. (Added in 7.73.0)\n\n \"chgrp group file\"\n The chgrp command sets the group ID of the file named by\n the file operand to the group ID specified by the group\n operand. The group operand is a decimal integer group ID.\n\n \"chmod mode file\"\n The chmod command modifies the file mode bits of the\n specified file. The mode operand is an octal integer mode\n number.\n\n \"chown user file\"\n The chown command sets the owner of the file named by the\n file operand to the user ID specified by the user\n operand. The user operand is a decimal integer user ID.\n\n \"ln source_file target_file\"\n The ln and symlink commands create a symbolic link at the\n target_file location pointing to the source_file loca-\n tion.\n\n \"mkdir directory_name\"\n The mkdir command creates the directory named by the di-\n rectory_name operand.\n\n \"mtime date file\"\n The mtime command sets the last modification time of the\n file named by the file operand. The can\n be all sorts of date strings, see the curl_getdate(3) man\n page for date expression details. (Added in 7.73.0)\n\n \"pwd\" The pwd command returns the absolute path name of the\n current working directory.\n\n \"rename source target\"\n The rename command renames the file or directory named by\n the source operand to the destination path named by the\n target operand.\n\n \"rm file\"\n The rm command removes the file specified by the file\n operand.\n\n \"rmdir directory\"\n The rmdir command removes the directory entry specified\n by the directory operand, provided it is empty.\n\n \"symlink source_file target_file\"\n See ln.\n\n -Q, --quote can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --quote \"DELE file\" ftp://example.com/foo\n\n See also -X, --request.\n\n --random-file \n Deprecated option. This option is ignored (added in 7.84.0).\n Prior to that it only had an effect on curl if built to use old\n versions of OpenSSL.\n\n Specify the path name to file containing random data. The data\n may be used to seed the random engine for SSL connections.\n\n If --random-file is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --random-file rubbish https://example.com\n\n See also --egd-file.\n\n -r, --range \n (HTTP FTP SFTP FILE) Retrieve a byte range (i.e. a partial docu-\n ment) from an HTTP/1.1, FTP or SFTP server or a local FILE.\n Ranges can be specified in a number of ways.\n\n 0-499 specifies the first 500 bytes\n\n 500-999 specifies the second 500 bytes\n\n -500 specifies the last 500 bytes\n\n 9500- specifies the bytes from offset 9500 and forward\n\n 0-0,-1 specifies the first and last byte only(*)(HTTP)\n\n 100-199,500-599\n specifies two separate 100-byte ranges(*) (HTTP)\n\n (*) = NOTE that this causes the server to reply with a multipart\n response, which is returned as-is by curl! Parsing or otherwise\n transforming this response is the responsibility of the caller.\n\n Only digit characters (0-9) are valid in the 'start' and 'stop'\n fields of the 'start-stop' range syntax. If a non-digit charac-\n ter is given in the range, the server's response is unspecified,\n depending on the server's configuration.\n\n Many HTTP/1.1 servers do not have this feature enabled, so that\n when you attempt to get a range, curl instead gets the whole\n document.\n\n FTP and SFTP range downloads only support the simple\n 'start-stop' syntax (optionally with one of the numbers omit-\n ted). FTP use depends on the extended FTP command SIZE.\n\n If -r, --range is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --range 22-44 https://example.com\n\n See also -C, --continue-at and -a, --append.\n\n --rate \n Specify the maximum transfer frequency you allow curl to use -\n in number of transfer starts per time unit (sometimes called re-\n quest rate). Without this option, curl starts the next transfer\n as fast as possible.\n\n If given several URLs and a transfer completes faster than the\n allowed rate, curl waits until the next transfer is started to\n maintain the requested rate. This option has no effect when -Z,\n --parallel is used.\n\n The request rate is provided as \"N/U\" where N is an integer num-\n ber and U is a time unit. Supported units are 's' (second), 'm'\n (minute), 'h' (hour) and 'd' /(day, as in a 24 hour unit). The\n default time unit, if no \"/U\" is provided, is number of trans-\n fers per hour.\n\n If curl is told to allow 10 requests per minute, it does not\n start the next request until 6 seconds have elapsed since the\n previous transfer was started.\n\n This function uses millisecond resolution. If the allowed fre-\n quency is set more than 1000 per second, it instead runs unre-\n stricted.\n\n When retrying transfers, enabled with --retry, the separate\n retry delay logic is used and not this setting.\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of --next.\n\n If --rate is provided several times, the last set value is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl --rate 2/s https://example.com ...\n curl --rate 3/h https://example.com ...\n curl --rate 14/m https://example.com ...\n\n See also --limit-rate and --retry-delay. Added in 7.84.0.\n\n --raw (HTTP) When used, it disables all internal HTTP decoding of con-\n tent or transfer encodings and instead makes them passed on un-\n altered, raw.\n\n Providing --raw multiple times has no extra effect. Disable it\n again with --no-raw.\n\n Example:\n curl --raw https://example.com\n\n See also --tr-encoding.\n\n -e, --referer \n (HTTP) Sends the \"Referrer Page\" information to the HTTP server.\n This can also be set with the -H, --header flag of course. When\n used with -L, --location you can append \";auto\" to the -e,\n --referer URL to make curl automatically set the previous URL\n when it follows a Location: header. The \";auto\" string can be\n used alone, even if you do not set an initial -e, --referer.\n\n If -e, --referer is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl --referer \"https://fake.example\" https://example.com\n curl --referer \"https://fake.example;auto\" -L https://example.com\n curl --referer \";auto\" -L https://example.com\n\n See also -A, --user-agent and -H, --header.\n\n -J, --remote-header-name\n (HTTP) This option tells the -O, --remote-name option to use the\n server-specified Content-Disposition filename instead of ex-\n tracting a filename from the URL. If the server-provided file\n name contains a path, that is stripped off before the file name\n is used.\n\n The file is saved in the current directory, or in the directory\n specified with --output-dir.\n\n If the server specifies a file name and a file with that name\n already exists in the destination directory, it is not overwrit-\n ten and an error occurs - unless you allow it by using the\n --clobber option. If the server does not specify a file name\n then this option has no effect.\n\n There is no attempt to decode %-sequences (yet) in the provided\n file name, so this option may provide you with rather unexpected\n file names.\n\n This feature uses the name from the \"filename\" field, it does\n not yet support the \"filename*\" field (filenames with explicit\n character sets).\n\n WARNING: Exercise judicious use of this option, especially on\n Windows. A rogue server could send you the name of a DLL or\n other file that could be loaded automatically by Windows or some\n third party software.\n\n Providing -J, --remote-header-name multiple times has no extra\n effect. Disable it again with --no-remote-header-name.\n\n Example:\n curl -OJ https://example.com/file\n\n See also -O, --remote-name.\n\n --remote-name-all\n This option changes the default action for all given URLs to be\n dealt with as if -O, --remote-name were used for each one. So if\n you want to disable that for a specific URL after --re-\n mote-name-all has been used, you must use \"-o -\" or --no-re-\n mote-name.\n\n Providing --remote-name-all multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-remote-name-all.\n\n Example:\n curl --remote-name-all ftp://example.com/file1 ftp://example.com/file2\n\n See also -O, --remote-name.\n\n -O, --remote-name\n Write output to a local file named like the remote file we get.\n (Only the file part of the remote file is used, the path is cut\n off.)\n\n The file is saved in the current working directory. If you want\n the file saved in a different directory, make sure you change\n the current working directory before invoking curl with this op-\n tion or use --output-dir.\n\n The remote file name to use for saving is extracted from the\n given URL, nothing else, and if it already exists it is over-\n written. If you want the server to be able to choose the file\n name refer to -J, --remote-header-name which can be used in ad-\n dition to this option. If the server chooses a file name and\n that name already exists it is not overwritten.\n\n There is no URL decoding done on the file name. If it has %20 or\n other URL encoded parts of the name, they end up as-is as file\n name.\n\n You may use this option as many times as the number of URLs you\n have.\n\n -O, --remote-name can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl -O https://example.com/filename\n\n See also --remote-name-all, --output-dir and -J, --re-\n mote-header-name.\n -R, --remote-time\n Makes curl attempt to figure out the timestamp of the remote\n file that is getting downloaded, and if that is available make\n the local file get that same timestamp.\n\n Providing -R, --remote-time multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-remote-time.\n\n Example:\n curl --remote-time -o foo https://example.com\n\n See also -O, --remote-name and -z, --time-cond.\n\n --remove-on-error\n When curl returns an error when told to save output in a local\n file, this option removes that saved file before exiting. This\n prevents curl from leaving a partial file in the case of an er-\n ror during transfer.\n\n If the output is not a file, this option has no effect.\n\n Providing --remove-on-error multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-remove-on-error.\n\n Example:\n curl --remove-on-error -o output https://example.com\n\n See also -f, --fail. Added in 7.83.0.\n\n --request-target \n (HTTP) Tells curl to use an alternative \"target\" (path) instead\n of using the path as provided in the URL. Particularly useful\n when wanting to issue HTTP requests without leading slash or\n other data that does not follow the regular URL pattern, like\n \"OPTIONS *\".\n\n curl passes on the verbatim string you give it its the request\n without any filter or other safe guards. That includes white\n space and control characters.\n\n If --request-target is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --request-target \"*\" -X OPTIONS https://example.com\n\n See also -X, --request. Added in 7.55.0.\n\n -X, --request \n Change the method to use when starting the transfer.\n\n curl passes on the verbatim string you give it its the request\n without any filter or other safe guards. That includes white\n space and control characters.\n\n HTTP Specifies a custom request method to use when\n communicating with the HTTP server. The specified\n request method is used instead of the method oth-\n erwise used (which defaults to GET). Read the\n HTTP 1.1 specification for details and explana-\n tions. Common additional HTTP requests include\n PUT and DELETE, but related technologies like\n WebDAV offers PROPFIND, COPY, MOVE and more.\n\n Normally you do not need this option. All sorts\n of GET, HEAD, POST and PUT requests are rather\n invoked by using dedicated command line options.\n\n This option only changes the actual word used in\n the HTTP request, it does not alter the way curl\n behaves. So for example if you want to make a\n proper HEAD request, using -X HEAD does not suf-\n fice. You need to use the -I, --head option.\n\n The method string you set with -X, --request is\n used for all requests, which if you for example\n use -L, --location may cause unintended side-ef-\n fects when curl does not change request method\n according to the HTTP 30x response codes - and\n similar.\n\n FTP Specifies a custom FTP command to use instead of\n LIST when doing file lists with FTP.\n\n POP3 Specifies a custom POP3 command to use instead of\n LIST or RETR.\n\n IMAP Specifies a custom IMAP command to use instead of\n LIST.\n\n SMTP Specifies a custom SMTP command to use instead of\n HELP or VRFY.\n\n If -X, --request is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n\n Examples:\n curl -X \"DELETE\" https://example.com\n curl -X NLST ftp://example.com/\n\n See also --request-target.\n\n --resolve <[+]host:port:addr[,addr]...>\n Provide a custom address for a specific host and port pair. Us-\n ing this, you can make the curl requests(s) use a specified ad-\n dress and prevent the otherwise normally resolved address to be\n used. Consider it a sort of /etc/hosts alternative provided on\n the command line. The port number should be the number used for\n the specific protocol the host is used for. It means you need\n several entries if you want to provide address for the same host\n but different ports.\n\n By specifying '*' as host you can tell curl to resolve any host\n and specific port pair to the specified address. Wildcard is re-\n solved last so any --resolve with a specific host and port is\n used first.\n\n The provided address set by this option is used even if -4,\n --ipv4 or -6, --ipv6 is set to make curl use another IP version.\n By prefixing the host with a '+' you can make the entry time out\n after curl's default timeout (1 minute). Note that this only\n makes sense for long running parallel transfers with a lot of\n files. In such cases, if this option is used curl tries to re-\n solve the host as it normally would once the timeout has ex-\n pired.\n\n Support for providing the IP address within [brackets] was added\n in 7.57.0.\n\n Support for providing multiple IP addresses per entry was added\n in 7.59.0.\n\n Support for resolving with wildcard was added in 7.64.0.\n\n Support for the '+' prefix was was added in 7.75.0.\n\n --resolve can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl --resolve example.com:443:127.0.0.1 https://example.com\n\n See also --connect-to and --alt-svc.\n\n --retry-all-errors\n Retry on any error. This option is used together with --retry.\n\n This option is the \"sledgehammer\" of retrying. Do not use this\n option by default (for example in your curlrc), there may be un-\n intended consequences such as sending or receiving duplicate\n data. Do not use with redirected input or output. You'd be much\n better off handling your unique problems in shell script. Please\n read the example below.\n\n WARNING: For server compatibility curl attempts to retry failed\n flaky transfers as close as possible to how they were started,\n but this is not possible with redirected input or output. For\n example, before retrying it removes output data from a failed\n partial transfer that was written to an output file. However\n this is not true of data redirected to a | pipe or > file, which\n are not reset. We strongly suggest you do not parse or record\n output via redirect in combination with this option, since you\n may receive duplicate data.\n\n By default curl does not return error for transfers with an HTTP\n response code that indicates an HTTP error, if the transfer was\n successful. For example, if a server replies 404 Not Found and\n the reply is fully received then that is not an error. When\n --retry is used then curl retries on some HTTP response codes\n that indicate transient HTTP errors, but that does not include\n most 4xx response codes such as 404. If you want to retry on all\n response codes that indicate HTTP errors (4xx and 5xx) then com-\n bine with -f, --fail.\n\n Providing --retry-all-errors multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-retry-all-errors.\n\n Example:\n curl --retry 5 --retry-all-errors https://example.com\n\n See also --retry. Added in 7.71.0.\n\n --retry-connrefused\n In addition to the other conditions, consider ECONNREFUSED as a\n transient error too for --retry. This option is used together\n with --retry.\n\n Providing --retry-connrefused multiple times has no extra ef-\n fect. Disable it again with --no-retry-connrefused.\n\n Example:\n curl --retry-connrefused --retry 7 https://example.com\n\n See also --retry and --retry-all-errors. Added in 7.52.0.\n\n --retry-delay \n Make curl sleep this amount of time before each retry when a\n transfer has failed with a transient error (it changes the de-\n fault backoff time algorithm between retries). This option is\n only interesting if --retry is also used. Setting this delay to\n zero makes curl use the default backoff time.\n\n If --retry-delay is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --retry-delay 5 --retry 7 https://example.com\n\n See also --retry.\n\n --retry-max-time \n The retry timer is reset before the first transfer attempt. Re-\n tries are done as usual (see --retry) as long as the timer has\n not reached this given limit. Notice that if the timer has not\n reached the limit, the request is made and while performing, it\n may take longer than this given time period. To limit a single\n request's maximum time, use -m, --max-time. Set this option to\n zero to not timeout retries.\n\n If --retry-max-time is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --retry-max-time 30 --retry 10 https://example.com\n\n See also --retry.\n\n --retry \n If a transient error is returned when curl tries to perform a\n transfer, it retries this number of times before giving up. Set-\n ting the number to 0 makes curl do no retries (which is the de-\n fault). Transient error means either: a timeout, an FTP 4xx re-\n sponse code or an HTTP 408, 429, 500, 502, 503 or 504 response\n code.\n\n When curl is about to retry a transfer, it first waits one sec-\n ond and then for all forthcoming retries it doubles the waiting\n time until it reaches 10 minutes which then remains delay be-\n tween the rest of the retries. By using --retry-delay you dis-\n able this exponential backoff algorithm. See also\n --retry-max-time to limit the total time allowed for retries.\n\n curl complies with the Retry-After: response header if one was\n present to know when to issue the next retry (added in 7.66.0).\n\n If --retry is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --retry 7 https://example.com\n\n See also --retry-max-time.\n\n --sasl-authzid \n Use this authorization identity (authzid), during SASL PLAIN au-\n thentication, in addition to the authentication identity (auth-\n cid) as specified by -u, --user.\n\n If the option is not specified, the server derives the authzid\n from the authcid, but if specified, and depending on the server\n implementation, it may be used to access another user's inbox,\n that the user has been granted access to, or a shared mailbox\n for example.\n\n If --sasl-authzid is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --sasl-authzid zid imap://example.com/\n\n See also --login-options. Added in 7.66.0.\n\n --sasl-ir\n Enable initial response in SASL authentication.\n\n Providing --sasl-ir multiple times has no extra effect. Disable\n it again with --no-sasl-ir.\n\n Example:\n curl --sasl-ir imap://example.com/\n\n See also --sasl-authzid.\n\n --service-name \n This option allows you to change the service name for SPNEGO.\n\n If --service-name is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --service-name sockd/server https://example.com\n\n See also --negotiate and --proxy-service-name.\n\n -S, --show-error\n When used with -s, --silent, it makes curl show an error message\n if it fails.\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of --next.\n\n Providing -S, --show-error multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-show-error.\n\n Example:\n curl --show-error --silent https://example.com\n\n See also --no-progress-meter.\n\n -s, --silent\n Silent or quiet mode. Do not show progress meter or error mes-\n sages. Makes Curl mute. It still outputs the data you ask for,\n potentially even to the terminal/stdout unless you redirect it.\n\n Use -S, --show-error in addition to this option to disable\n progress meter but still show error messages.\n\n Providing -s, --silent multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-silent.\n\n Example:\n curl -s https://example.com\n\n See also -v, --verbose, --stderr and --no-progress-meter.\n\n --socks4 \n Use the specified SOCKS4 proxy. If the port number is not speci-\n fied, it is assumed at port 1080. Using this socket type make\n curl resolve the host name and passing the address on to the\n proxy.\n\n To specify proxy on a unix domain socket, use localhost for\n host, e.g. socks4://localhost/path/to/socket.sock\n\n This option overrides any previous use of -x, --proxy, as they\n are mutually exclusive.\n\n This option is superfluous since you can specify a socks4 proxy\n with -x, --proxy using a socks4:// protocol prefix.\n\n --preproxy can be used to specify a SOCKS proxy at the same time\n proxy is used with an HTTP/HTTPS proxy (added in 7.52.0). In\n such a case, curl first connects to the SOCKS proxy and then\n connects (through SOCKS) to the HTTP or HTTPS proxy.\n\n If --socks4 is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --socks4 hostname:4096 https://example.com\n\n See also --socks4a, --socks5 and --socks5-hostname.\n\n --socks4a \n Use the specified SOCKS4a proxy. If the port number is not spec-\n ified, it is assumed at port 1080. This asks the proxy to re-\n solve the host name.\n\n To specify proxy on a unix domain socket, use localhost for\n host, e.g. socks4a://localhost/path/to/socket.sock\n\n This option overrides any previous use of -x, --proxy, as they\n are mutually exclusive.\n\n This option is superfluous since you can specify a socks4a proxy\n with -x, --proxy using a socks4a:// protocol prefix.\n\n --preproxy can be used to specify a SOCKS proxy at the same time\n -x, --proxy is used with an HTTP/HTTPS proxy (added in 7.52.0).\n In such a case, curl first connects to the SOCKS proxy and then\n connects (through SOCKS) to the HTTP or HTTPS proxy.\n\n If --socks4a is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --socks4a hostname:4096 https://example.com\n\n See also --socks4, --socks5 and --socks5-hostname.\n\n --socks5-basic\n Tells curl to use username/password authentication when connect-\n ing to a SOCKS5 proxy. The username/password authentication is\n enabled by default. Use --socks5-gssapi to force GSS-API au-\n thentication to SOCKS5 proxies.\n\n Providing --socks5-basic multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --socks5-basic --socks5 hostname:4096 https://example.com\n\n See also --socks5. Added in 7.55.0.\n\n --socks5-gssapi-nec\n As part of the GSS-API negotiation a protection mode is negoti-\n ated. RFC 1961 says in section 4.3/4.4 it should be protected,\n but the NEC reference implementation does not. The option\n --socks5-gssapi-nec allows the unprotected exchange of the pro-\n tection mode negotiation.\n\n Providing --socks5-gssapi-nec multiple times has no extra ef-\n fect. Disable it again with --no-socks5-gssapi-nec.\n\n Example:\n curl --socks5-gssapi-nec --socks5 hostname:4096 https://example.com\n\n See also --socks5.\n\n --socks5-gssapi-service \n The default service name for a socks server is rcmd/server-fqdn.\n This option allows you to change it.\n\n If --socks5-gssapi-service is provided several times, the last\n set value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --socks5-gssapi-service sockd --socks5 hostname:4096 https://example.com\n\n See also --socks5.\n\n --socks5-gssapi\n Tells curl to use GSS-API authentication when connecting to a\n SOCKS5 proxy. The GSS-API authentication is enabled by default\n (if curl is compiled with GSS-API support). Use --socks5-basic\n to force username/password authentication to SOCKS5 proxies.\n\n Providing --socks5-gssapi multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-socks5-gssapi.\n\n Example:\n curl --socks5-gssapi --socks5 hostname:4096 https://example.com\n\n See also --socks5. Added in 7.55.0.\n\n --socks5-hostname \n Use the specified SOCKS5 proxy (and let the proxy resolve the\n host name). If the port number is not specified, it is assumed\n at port 1080.\n\n To specify proxy on a unix domain socket, use localhost for\n host, e.g. socks5h://localhost/path/to/socket.sock\n\n This option overrides any previous use of -x, --proxy, as they\n are mutually exclusive.\n\n This option is superfluous since you can specify a socks5 host-\n name proxy with -x, --proxy using a socks5h:// protocol prefix.\n\n --preproxy can be used to specify a SOCKS proxy at the same time\n -x, --proxy is used with an HTTP/HTTPS proxy (added in 7.52.0).\n In such a case, curl first connects to the SOCKS proxy and then\n connects (through SOCKS) to the HTTP or HTTPS proxy.\n\n If --socks5-hostname is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --socks5-hostname proxy.example:7000 https://example.com\n\n See also --socks5 and --socks4a.\n\n --socks5 \n Use the specified SOCKS5 proxy - but resolve the host name lo-\n cally. If the port number is not specified, it is assumed at\n port 1080.\n\n To specify proxy on a unix domain socket, use localhost for\n host, e.g. socks5://localhost/path/to/socket.sock\n\n This option overrides any previous use of -x, --proxy, as they\n are mutually exclusive.\n\n This option is superfluous since you can specify a socks5 proxy\n with -x, --proxy using a socks5:// protocol prefix.\n\n --preproxy can be used to specify a SOCKS proxy at the same time\n -x, --proxy is used with an HTTP/HTTPS proxy (added in 7.52.0).\n In such a case, curl first connects to the SOCKS proxy and then\n connects (through SOCKS) to the HTTP or HTTPS proxy.\n\n This option (as well as --socks4) does not work with IPV6, FTPS\n or LDAP.\n\n If --socks5 is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --socks5 proxy.example:7000 https://example.com\n\n See also --socks5-hostname and --socks4a.\n\n -Y, --speed-limit \n If a transfer is slower than this given speed (in bytes per sec-\n ond) for speed-time seconds it gets aborted. speed-time is set\n with -y, --speed-time and is 30 if not set.\n\n If -Y, --speed-limit is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --speed-limit 300 --speed-time 10 https://example.com\n\n See also -y, --speed-time, --limit-rate and -m, --max-time.\n\n -y, --speed-time \n If a transfer runs slower than speed-limit bytes per second dur-\n ing a speed-time period, the transfer is aborted. If speed-time\n is used, the default speed-limit is 1 unless set with -Y,\n --speed-limit.\n\n This option controls transfers (in both directions) but does not\n affect slow connects etc. If this is a concern for you, try the\n --connect-timeout option.\n\n If -y, --speed-time is provided several times, the last set\n value is used.\n\n Example:\n curl --speed-limit 300 --speed-time 10 https://example.com\n\n See also -Y, --speed-limit and --limit-rate.\n\n --ssl-allow-beast\n This option tells curl to not work around a security flaw in the\n SSL3 and TLS1.0 protocols known as BEAST. If this option is not\n used, the SSL layer may use workarounds known to cause interop-\n erability problems with some older SSL implementations.\n\n WARNING: this option loosens the SSL security, and by using this\n flag you ask for exactly that.\n\n Providing --ssl-allow-beast multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-ssl-allow-beast.\n\n Example:\n curl --ssl-allow-beast https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-ssl-allow-beast and -k, --insecure.\n\n --ssl-auto-client-cert\n (Schannel) Tell libcurl to automatically locate and use a client\n certificate for authentication, when requested by the server.\n Since the server can request any certificate that supports\n client authentication in the OS certificate store it could be a\n privacy violation and unexpected.\n\n Providing --ssl-auto-client-cert multiple times has no extra ef-\n fect. Disable it again with --no-ssl-auto-client-cert.\n\n Example:\n curl --ssl-auto-client-cert https://example.com\n\n See also --proxy-ssl-auto-client-cert. Added in 7.77.0.\n\n --ssl-no-revoke\n (Schannel) This option tells curl to disable certificate revoca-\n tion checks. WARNING: this option loosens the SSL security, and\n by using this flag you ask for exactly that.\n\n Providing --ssl-no-revoke multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-ssl-no-revoke.\n\n Example:\n curl --ssl-no-revoke https://example.com\n\n See also --crlfile.\n\n --ssl-reqd\n (FTP IMAP POP3 SMTP LDAP) Require SSL/TLS for the connection.\n Terminates the connection if the transfer cannot be upgraded to\n use SSL/TLS.\n\n This option is handled in LDAP (added in 7.81.0). It is fully\n supported by the OpenLDAP backend and rejected by the generic\n ldap backend if explicit TLS is required.\n\n This option is unnecessary if you use a URL scheme that in it-\n self implies immediate and implicit use of TLS, like for FTPS,\n IMAPS, POP3S, SMTPS and LDAPS. Such a transfer always fails if\n the TLS handshake does not work.\n\n This option was formerly known as --ftp-ssl-reqd.\n\n Providing --ssl-reqd multiple times has no extra effect. Dis-\n able it again with --no-ssl-reqd.\n\n Example:\n curl --ssl-reqd ftp://example.com\n\n See also --ssl and -k, --insecure.\n\n --ssl-revoke-best-effort\n (Schannel) This option tells curl to ignore certificate revoca-\n tion checks when they failed due to missing/offline distribution\n points for the revocation check lists.\n\n Providing --ssl-revoke-best-effort multiple times has no extra\n effect. Disable it again with --no-ssl-revoke-best-effort.\n\n Example:\n curl --ssl-revoke-best-effort https://example.com\n\n See also --crlfile and -k, --insecure. Added in 7.70.0.\n\n --ssl (FTP IMAP POP3 SMTP LDAP) Warning: this is considered an inse-\n cure option. Consider using --ssl-reqd instead to be sure curl\n upgrades to a secure connection.\n\n Try to use SSL/TLS for the connection. Reverts to a non-secure\n connection if the server does not support SSL/TLS. See also\n --ftp-ssl-control and --ssl-reqd for different levels of encryp-\n tion required.\n\n This option is handled in LDAP (added in 7.81.0). It is fully\n supported by the OpenLDAP backend and ignored by the generic\n ldap backend.\n\n Please note that a server may close the connection if the nego-\n tiation does not succeed.\n\n This option was formerly known as --ftp-ssl. That option name\n can still be used but might be removed in a future version.\n\n Providing --ssl multiple times has no extra effect. Disable it\n again with --no-ssl.\n\n Example:\n curl --ssl pop3://example.com/\n\n See also --ssl-reqd, -k, --insecure and --ciphers.\n\n -2, --sslv2\n (SSL) This option previously asked curl to use SSLv2, but is now\n ignored (added in 7.77.0). SSLv2 is widely considered insecure\n (see RFC 6176).\n\n Providing -2, --sslv2 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --sslv2 https://example.com\n\n See also --http1.1 and --http2. -2, --sslv2 requires that the\n underlying libcurl was built to support TLS. This option is mu-\n tually exclusive to -3, --sslv3 and -1, --tlsv1 and --tlsv1.1\n and --tlsv1.2.\n\n -3, --sslv3\n (SSL) This option previously asked curl to use SSLv3, but is now\n ignored (added in 7.77.0). SSLv3 is widely considered insecure\n (see RFC 7568).\n\n Providing -3, --sslv3 multiple times has no extra effect.\n\n Example:\n curl --sslv3 https://example.com\n\n See also --http1.1 and --http2. -3, --sslv3 requires that the\n underlying libcurl was built to support TLS. This option is mu-\n tually exclusive to -2, --sslv2 and -1, --tlsv1 and --tlsv1.1\n and --tlsv1.2.\n\n --stderr \n Redirect all writes to stderr to the specified file instead. If\n the file name is a plain '-', it is instead written to stdout.\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of --next.\n\n If --stderr is provided several times, the last set value is\n used.\n\n Example:\n curl --stderr output.txt https://example.com\n\n See also -v, --verbose and -s, --silent.\n\n --styled-output\n Enables the automatic use of bold font styles when writing HTTP\n headers to the terminal. Use --no-styled-output to switch them\n off.\n\n Styled output requires a terminal that supports bold fonts. This\n feature is not present on curl for Windows due to lack of this\n capability.\n\n This option is global and does not need to be specified for each\n use of --next.\n\n Providing --styled-output multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-styled-output.\n\n Example:\n curl --styled-output -I https://example.com\n\n See also -I, --head and -v, --verbose. Added in 7.61.0.\n\n --suppress-connect-headers\n When -p, --proxytunnel is used and a CONNECT request is made do\n not output proxy CONNECT response headers. This option is meant\n to be used with -D, --dump-header or -i, --include which are\n used to show protocol headers in the output. It has no effect on\n debug options such as -v, --verbose or --trace, or any statis-\n tics.\n\n Providing --suppress-connect-headers multiple times has no extra\n effect. Disable it again with --no-suppress-connect-headers.\n\n Example:\n curl --suppress-connect-headers --include -x proxy https://example.com\n\n See also -D, --dump-header, -i, --include and -p, --proxytunnel.\n Added in 7.54.0.\n\n --tcp-fastopen\n\n Enable use of TCP Fast Open (RFC 7413). TCP Fast Open is a TCP\n extension that allows data to get sent earlier over the connec-\n tion (before the final handshake ACK) if the client and server\n have been connected previously.\n\n Providing --tcp-fastopen multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-tcp-fastopen.\n\n Example:\n curl --tcp-fastopen https://example.com\n\n See also --false-start.\n\n --tcp-nodelay\n Turn on the TCP_NODELAY option. See the curl_easy_setopt(3) man\n page for details about this option.\n\n curl sets this option by default and you need to explicitly\n switch it off if you do not want it on (added in 7.50.2).\n\n Providing --tcp-nodelay multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-tcp-nodelay.\n\n Example:\n curl --tcp-nodelay https://example.com\n\n See also -N, --no-buffer.\n\n -t, --telnet-option \n Pass options to the telnet protocol. Supported options are:\n\n TTYPE= Sets the terminal type.\n\n XDISPLOC= Sets the X display location.\n\n NEW_ENV= Sets an environment variable.\n\n -t, --telnet-option can be used several times in a command line\n\n Example:\n curl -t TTYPE=vt100 telnet://example.com/\n\n See also -K, --config.\n --tftp-blksize \n (TFTP) Set the TFTP BLKSIZE option (must be >512). This is the\n block size that curl tries to use when transferring data to or\n from a TFTP server. By default 512 bytes are used.\n\n If --tftp-blksize is provided several times, the last set value\n is used.\n Example:\n curl --tftp-blksize 1024 tftp://example.com/file\n\n See also --tftp-no-options.\n\n --tftp-no-options\n (TFTP) Tells curl not to send TFTP options requests.\n\n This option improves interop with some legacy servers that do\n not acknowledge or properly implement TFTP options. When this\n option is used --tftp-blksize is ignored.\n\n Providing --tftp-no-options multiple times has no extra effect.\n Disable it again with --no-tftp-no-options.\n\n Example:\n curl --tftp-no-options tftp://192.168.0.1/\n\n See also --tftp-blksize.\n\n -z, --time-cond