Update observatory database: 609 observatories

README.md

@@ -3,12 +3,7 @@ license: cc0-1.0
 pretty_name: "Observatory Database"
 language:
   - en
-description: >-
-  Comprehensive database of astronomical observatories worldwide, sourced from Wikidata.
-  609 observatories from 60 countries with coordinates, elevation,
-  aperture size, operator, and wavelength coverage.
-size_categories:
-  - n<1K
+description: "Comprehensive database of astronomical observatories worldwide, sourced from Wikidata.  From ancient naked-eye platforms to modern space-based flagship missions, observatories have been humanity's pri"
 task_categories:
   - tabular-classification
 tags:
@@ -20,52 +15,52 @@ tags:
   - open-data
   - tabular-data
   - parquet
+size_categories:
+  - n<1K
 configs:
   - config_name: default
-    default: true
     data_files:
       - split: train
         path: data/observatories.parquet
+    default: true
 ---
 
 # Observatory Database
 
-*Part of the [Astronomy Datasets](https://huggingface.co/collections/juliensimon/astronomy-datasets-69c24caf2f17e36128946743) collection on Hugging Face.*
 
-Comprehensive database of astronomical observatories — **609** facilities from
-**60** countries, sourced from [Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/).
+<div align="center">
+  <img src="banner.jpg" alt="Blue Marble — high-definition image of Earth from space" width="400">
+  <p><em>Credit: NASA/GSFC/Suomi NPP</em></p>
+</div>
+
+
+*Part of a [dataset collection](https://huggingface.co/collections/juliensimon/space-essentials-69cbafd7ea046a10eff11405) on Hugging Face.*
 
 ## Dataset description
 
-From ancient naked-eye platforms to modern space-based flagship missions, observatories
-have been humanity's primary windows into the universe. This dataset covers optical
-telescopes, radio dishes, neutrino detectors, gamma-ray satellites, and space observatories —
-any facility classified in Wikidata as an astronomical observatory (Q62832), space
-observatory (Q1377879), or radio observatory (Q148578).
+Comprehensive database of astronomical observatories worldwide, sourced from Wikidata.
+
+From ancient naked-eye platforms to modern space-based flagship missions, observatories have been humanity's primary windows into the universe. This dataset covers optical telescopes, radio dishes, neutrino detectors, gamma-ray satellites, and space observatories — any facility classified in Wikidata as an astronomical observatory (Q62832), space observatory (Q1377879), or radio observatory (Q148578).
+
+Each entry includes geographic coordinates (latitude/longitude), elevation above sea level, primary aperture size, operating organization, opening date, and the electromagnetic wavelength bands observed. This enables spatial analysis of observatory distribution, historical studies of observational astronomy, and comparison of ground-based vs. space-based capabilities.
+
+Sourced from Wikidata's structured knowledge base, curated by the WikiProject Astronomy community with contributions from professional astronomers and enthusiasts worldwide.
 
-Each entry includes geographic coordinates (latitude/longitude), elevation above sea level,
-primary aperture size, operating organization, opening date, and the electromagnetic
-wavelength bands observed. This enables spatial analysis of observatory distribution,
-historical studies of observational astronomy, and comparison of ground-based vs.
-space-based capabilities.
 
-Sourced from Wikidata's structured knowledge base, curated by the WikiProject Astronomy
-community with contributions from professional astronomers and enthusiasts worldwide.
+This dataset is suitable for **tabular classification** tasks.
 
 ## Schema
 
-| Column | Type | Description |
-|--------|------|-------------|
-| `wikidata_id` | string | Wikidata entity ID (e.g. Q179224) |
-| `name` | string | Observatory name |
-| `country` | string | Country where the observatory is located |
-| `latitude` | float | Geographic latitude (decimal degrees) |
-| `longitude` | float | Geographic longitude (decimal degrees) |
-| `elevation_m` | float | Elevation above sea level (metres) |
-| `aperture_m` | float | Primary mirror/dish aperture (metres) |
-| `operator` | string | Operating organization or agency |
-| `opening_date` | string | Date the observatory opened (YYYY-MM-DD) |
-| `wavelengths` | string | Observed wavelength bands, semicolon-separated |
+| Column | Type | Description | Sample | Null % |
+|--------|------|-------------|--------|--------|
+| `wikidata_id` | str | Wikidata entity ID (e.g. 'Q179224'); stable URI for enrichment and cross-referencing | Q87574922 | 0.0% |
+| `name` | string | Full official observatory name (e.g. 'Palomar Observatory', 'European Southern Observatory') | "Terrazza delle Stelle" observatory | 0.0% |
+| `country` | string | Country in which the observatory is physically located (e.g. 'United States', 'Chile'); uses full English name | Italy | 27.3% |
+| `latitude` | float64 | Geographic latitude in decimal degrees; range -90 to +90; positive = North; null if not recorded | 46.0190607 | 41.4% |
+| `longitude` | float64 | Geographic longitude in decimal degrees; range -180 to +180; positive = East; null if not recorded | 11.0402307 | 41.4% |
+| `elevation_m` | float64 | Altitude above sea level in metres; relevant for atmospheric transparency and seeing quality; range sea level to ~5,640 m (Atacama sites); null if not recorded | 124.687 | 92.4% |
+| `operator` | string | Institution or agency operating the observatory (e.g. 'NASA', 'ESO', 'Caltech'); null if not recorded in Wikidata | German Aerospace Center | 76.2% |
+| `opening_date` | string | Date the observatory was inaugurated or began operations (YYYY-MM-DD or YYYY); null if unknown | 1879-01-01 | 96.2% |
 
 ## Quick stats
 
@@ -75,7 +70,7 @@ community with contributions from professional astronomers and enthusiasts world
 - **46** with elevation data
 - Highest elevation: Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (13,570 m)
 - Estimated ground-based: **510**, space-based: **99**
-- Top countries: United States (109), United Kingdom (43), Italy (25), France (24), Netherlands (19)
+- Top countries: United States (110), United Kingdom (43), Italy (24), France (24), Netherlands (19)
 - Top wavelength bands: 
 
 ## Usage
@@ -83,6 +78,13 @@ community with contributions from professional astronomers and enthusiasts world
 ```python
 from datasets import load_dataset
 
+ds = load_dataset("juliensimon/observatory-database", split="train")
+df = ds.to_pandas()
+```
+
+```python
+from datasets import load_dataset
+
 ds = load_dataset("juliensimon/observatory-database", split="train")
 df = ds.to_pandas()
 
@@ -97,52 +99,43 @@ print(high_alt[["name", "country", "elevation_m"]].head(10))
 large = df[df["aperture_m"] > 8].sort_values("aperture_m", ascending=False)
 print(large[["name", "country", "aperture_m"]])
 
-# Radio observatories
-radio = df[df["wavelengths"].str.contains("radio", case=False, na=False)]
-print(f"{len(radio):,} radio observatories")
-
-# Space observatories
-space_obs = df[df["wavelengths"].str.contains("X-ray|gamma|ultraviolet", case=False, na=False)]
-print(space_obs[["name", "wavelengths"]].head(10))
+# Elevation distribution
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+df.dropna(subset=["elevation_m"]).hist("elevation_m", bins=40)
+plt.xlabel("Elevation (m)")
+plt.ylabel("Count")
+plt.title("Observatory Elevation Distribution")
+plt.show()
 ```
 
 ## Data source
 
-[Wikidata](https://www.wikidata.org/) SPARQL endpoint. Observatories identified via
-property P31 (instance of) = Q62832 (astronomical observatory), Q1377879 (space
-observatory), or Q148578 (radio observatory). Data is community-curated by
-[WikiProject Astronomy](https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:WikiProject_Astronomy).
-
-## Update schedule
-
-Quarterly (January, April, July, October). Re-run manually to pick up newly catalogued facilities.
+https://www.wikidata.org/
 
 ## Related datasets
 
-- [astronomer-database](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/astronomer-database) — Astronomers from Wikidata
-- [chandra-sources](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/chandra-sources) — Chandra X-ray source catalog
+- [juliensimon/astronomer-database](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/astronomer-database)
 
-## Pipeline
+- [juliensimon/chandra-x-ray-sources](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/chandra-x-ray-sources)
 
-Source code: [juliensimon/space-datasets](https://github.com/juliensimon/space-datasets)
+> If you find this dataset useful, please consider [giving it a like](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/observatory-database) on Hugging Face. It helps others discover it.
 
-## Support
+## About the author
 
-If you find this dataset useful, please give it a ❤️ on the [dataset page](https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/observatory-database) and share feedback in the Community tab! Also consider giving a ⭐️ to the [space-datasets](https://github.com/juliensimon/space-datasets) repo.
+Created by [Julien Simon](https://julien.org) — AI Operating Partner at Fortino Capital. Part of the [Space Datasets](https://julien.org/datasets) collection.
 
 ## Citation
 
 ```bibtex
 @dataset{observatory_database,
-  author = {Simon, Julien},
   title = {Observatory Database},
+  author = {juliensimon},
   year = {2026},
-  publisher = {Hugging Face},
   url = {https://huggingface.co/datasets/juliensimon/observatory-database},
-  note = {Sourced from Wikidata (CC0)}
+  publisher = {Hugging Face}
 }
 ```
 
 ## License
 
-[CC0-1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) (Wikidata content is public domain)
+[CC0-1.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

data/observatories.parquet

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
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