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HackTheBox_-_Manager.jsonl

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+{"text": "what's going on YouTube this is ipag doing manager from hack the box which features another adcs attack which is the active directory certificate Authority server specifically the esc7 attack where you have the ability to manage the CA and certificates on the server but before you can get to that you have to find a user credential and how we do that is a little bit of brute forcing a lot of people just did the whole um Cur Bros to test for valid users which means you have to have a big user list and kind of Brute Force users that way but on Windows you can also Brute Force users by our rid which is like the remote identifier that is an integer that is sequential so you don't have to really depend on a word list it's really reliable to get all the users on the box and then one of the users has the same password as their username which is sadly common for a bunch of service accounts so you use", "start": 0.24, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "that to gain access into the server you'll get another credential and then you can do this um esc7 attack so let's just jump in as always we're going to start off with the end map so- SCC for default scripts SV enumerate versions OA output all formats put in the end map director and call it manager then the IP address of 1010 11236 this can take some time to run so I've already ran it looking at the results we can see a lot of ports open um 13 because it scans a th ports when you don't specify any number and since there's 987 there's 13 left over so the first Port I see is DNS and whenever I see simple DNS plus especially with I I look down and see it is indeed active directory so we're dealing with a domain controller um I'm going to add the DNS name manager. htb to my host file really quick and we also see dco1 manager. htb", "start": 51.64, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "so let's go pseudo V ety host and then we can say 101 11236 manager dco1 uh whoops I don't know what mode I just went in dot that I think I hit caps lock there we go so we added that let's go take a look at everything that we could interact with um we have 80 HTTP so this is just the website that's probably going to be where we start then we have all like the RPC ports um SMB ldap scrolling down we see 1433 which is relatively unique this is mssql the m s SQL Server um and whenever I see this I always think of curb roasting because normally when you set up a SQL Server you make it run as a different user and when you do that you create a service principal name which is what you use to curb roast if we can pull the um hash for that SPN then we can attempt to crack it but before we can do Kerber", "start": 105.64, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "roasting we have to um like get authentication we can't just go and grab that SPN as an on authenticated user most likely so let's just keep going down till we find a cred and just keep that in our back pocket uh there is a clock skew so our date is off from the main controller that's not really interesting now but when we do curb stuff we probably should make sure clock is in sync so let's go take a look at the website so 1010 111230 was it six I said we get to manager and then we can look at the website scrolling down we have an about us the main thing I'm looking for right now is like a way to get a user right maybe I just see like the CEO and have employees and then build a word list and try to enumerate the user that way um let's just put a bunch of junk here the contact form looks like it just goes back to itself if we scroll to the", "start": 172.36, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "bottom of the page uh this is a testimonial from a user all these links are pointing back to itself as well if I click on about we've seen that service so nothing interesting here we can check for like Vost so if I do manager. htb uh we get the same exact site so at this point I probably should set up gobster to enumerate like various web content and I should also set up something doing like a virtual host enumeration thing um I'm not spending too much time against it because I did notice it was index.html when you click home so we know it's not Dynamic content right if it was like an aspx server or a PHP of course of course we'd start doing more attacks against it but there's no place for us to send user input so there's nothing for us to attack so let's go and think about what we could do well it's got SMB so we can do like", "start": 229.76, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "SMB client - capital l 101014 oh that's my IP 1010 11.2 36 and then see the shares and there's no unique shares to this box at least from an unauthenticated standpoint so there's nothing we can do there and I think the next step a lot of people did was they went with the Brute Force step which you can do through a tool like curb root so let's do CP opt curb root um this so I just have this tool if you don't have you can just get it off of GitHub right um we're going to do user an specify the DC of 10 101. 236 and then the domain which is manager. htb and then the word list and if we want to do usernames we could do like op SEC list uh users then Z topm million. text and we'll get a bunch of valid users this way um if you wanted to you could also do this through um net exec all Cur root is doing is something called like a um", "start": 280.72, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "curro pre-authentication so with net exec if you want to do this we can say net exec um SMB cuz because there's no like Cerros option but we can use SMB and then specify Cerros so that way we authenticate to Cerros and then access SMB and then we got to specify a username we want let's do Ryan and then just a blank password and uh we have to give it the target so 10 10 11 to 36 and it's going to say pre-authentication failed if the user exist if the user does not exist so if we did like ipsec we're going to get a different error right a principal unknown and that's all Cur root is doing it's just brute forcing and when it doesn't see principle unknown it says the account exist now there's one other really really odd behavior and I think that's with disabled accounts so if we do guest um we're going to get a clock", "start": 351.039, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "skew error right but if we fix time we'll get the principal unknown and while I say that I think krbtgt is also a disabled account does it have a dollar in it I can't remember let's see principal unknown let's try this uh client revoked so I don't know exactly um what the status of the guest account is because I think disable would be client revoked or maybe you can't do kbgt with kerros or something um that's just an odd error right but let's go back to guest and we see clock skew and we can say ntp date um 10 10 11 to 36 pseudo so we're going to Sinker time to the domain controller so there's no longer a clock skew and then you're going to see this guest goes over to KDC principal unknown I don't know exactly why it's just a fun tidbit to um see I guess and it did not it Just authenticate oh because guest has a valid password of", "start": 415.639, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "blank so we actually succeeded authentication there um we could try guest blank password without Kos and then doing D- users do we have enough privileges as the guest to query the domain for all the users no we do not so even though we authenticated guest is just a really odd Windows account um I swear I was expecting to see preo failed or unknown PR was what I expected to see but oh well so we fixed our time we've gone over this whole curb rooting thing a lot um the better way to do this not do curb Ro at all if we just do a we can actually do- real quick and if you go up there is a let's see options where is it I'm just going to search it rid there we go the rid Brute Force so this is an old technique I found a lot of people kind of forget about this technique including myself um and they", "start": 486.879, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "default all the way to the pre-authentication stuff with curos because it's new and sexy a lot of people don't log it so people don't like the default logging of windows it's hard to tell that you're doing it but really it depends on the word list so it's not great a long time ago um if you went to ic. ro go to the heist video I explain it probably more in depth there but we can do a quick 101 of our ID brute forcing so to see it work we can just do um net exact-- P and R ID was it Brute and it this will authenticate uh we have to give it a user so we can do the guest user I think if we did anything there if it doesn't exist it would still work um but here we go we have it now dumping a list of all the accounts so exactly how does this work right if we do RPC client um Dash we just do 10 10 11 236 d", "start": 561.959, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "capital u guest for the username enter we can log in if you don't want that how this tool um does passwords is it's percent so this will try to log in with the ASD password which doesn't work you just put nothing there and boom you in so you can look at all the commands you don't have privilege to use all of these but one you do is look up names we could also probably do look up domain so if we did that uh we could say was it manager.", "start": 629.32, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "htb satisfied but for do look up names and then specify the name we want let's go with administrator because that's always a default account we get it Sid right and I don't know all these parts I think this just means as a sid this is the revision which all active active directory does I think this is the domain Sid and this is going to be the user right here so 500 is administrator Sid R ID 500 is always going to be administrator right we can also use the lookup Sid so if we do look up SIDS put this Sid in then it's going to tell us that is administrator and this one tells us it's a user um user accounts generally start at 1,000 we see dco1 this is a machine account machine accounts are also user accounts they just end in this dollar um the group manag service account and labs and stuff also I think end in dollars as well it's just a special account that ends in", "start": 656.519, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "dollar um so let's go look up a said 10001 unknown 1,2 13 and this is all the brute forcing is doing is it's going here and the default was I think 4,000 um we can do all ones I think it's 1113 as a user there we go manager is on and now we have a valid user right so if we go up to this we can see let's go to a group um let's do 512 because this says it's a group this is a user so if I do 512 this is now two because that is Sid type of group so that's all the rid brute force is doing an crack map exec so let's go back to this and I'm going to copy the output and if I saw this get to like 4,000 then I would probably increase the number in my rid Brute Force uh the default is just 4,000 I bet if I did the- again you would see that right uh let's go back to rid we see rid brute and then if we specified", "start": 721.48, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "an argument so we'd add like 6,000 there if we had um IDs in the 4000s so let's move on I'm going to do output. text we could have probably saved this crack map exec in a better format but I like just grapping through it right so I can just gra this so let's say I want all users out of it then let's go with a print uh let's see 1 2 3 4 five six there we go let's do a second a um let's separate On The Backs slash and do print two so we get the second field now we can do a sort D and we could also like g-v for everything that um enzen dollar there we go because we don't care about machine accounts so these are all going to be users so if we did V users. text put this in and now we have a list of user names without this whole um pre-authentication thing so I think this is better because you don't need a word list to generate the users now the next", "start": 791.56, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "step is um root forcing the password and it's a common password of the username is also going to be the password I don't love the step it is a little bit guy but it is something that I've seen plenty of times in the real world um it sucks when it happens because it takes so long to find but you live and learn I guess right uh I'm going to add the no Brute Force flag let's see no Brute Force right yep I was making sure it was no like I did the dashes right so what this is going to do is when it reads the user file and the password file it's just going to sequentially go down each of those specifying it so if I specify the users and the pass we'll see it's going to attempt to log in to every account with its username so we're looking at Chang Chang uh we got domain domain that is weird oh because I guess that must be a weird account I don't know if that's an actual", "start": 866.04, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "account or not let's just add D- continue on success so this way when we get a success it's still going to keep on going guest guest Operator Operator login failure and I think issue is casing so we would have to make this a lower case and now I don't exactly love this step uh let's see there should be a way we can just automatically lowercase this file I think we could use TR um let's see TR lowercase file let's go over to Google uh I want to enable this there we go upper lower okay so cat users pipe do that then we can move you to users. text so if a user list was lowercase then that whole net exact step would work uh there it is so let's try this it's going to authenticate to domain domain I think this is just a weird account that I didn't know about right but we do have it logging also into Operator Operator protected protected um SQL whatever user", "start": 934.44, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "dco1 so let's do uh let's see it's not crack map net exec SMB dasu let's try domain DP domain and then is it D- shares to list shares we need 10 10 11 236 and access denied then we can try like the next one Operator Operator I think and this one we have access um it doesn't look like we have access to anything special though um another way you could do this instead of just all the um username ID if you do what is it um nxc DB you go into the net exact database and then you can say creds and you get the cred ID for each of these so operator was seven so if we used net exec let's just kill that one there so we can say net exec SMB 1010 11236 um let's see where is cred we can just now say- ID and then six or this is seven and now we're going to attempt to log in as the operator we can do eight", "start": 1030.48, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "and try to log in as that is a weird one that succeeds I don't know so we have successful authentication there's no extra shares available to us uh but we did see mssql right so let's try that uh we probably have to get rid of that shares so we can just do eight uh oh I guess we're in SMB mode so it only works with SMB creds that's annoying um so we can say- uh let's try domain DP domain failed for logging in Operator Operator and we get logged in with um mssql now we could run commands this way but I find like running commands through net exec it's very clunky because you don't get like an interactive shell so for that I like just going to impac it so we'll do mssql client.py and then we want to log in let's see what is the Syntax for this is there DH um manager SL Operator Operator then", "start": 1134.6, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "at uh 10 10 11 236 and that did not work do we say manager.", "start": 1227.64, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "HTP did I misspell operator let's just copy and paste it let's see we're doing something wrong with this you did Target let's look at the help again oh we can use Windows off and there we go now we get access to mssql we can help to see things we could do um let's try XP CMD shell who am I permission denied let's try enable XP CMD shell uh we don't have permission to run reconfigure since we're not an administrator um show databases is that a command let's see mssql show databases or we can do msql Che Che that should be a good search uh sure is this going to work okay so let's see so we're currently Master let's select the databases so there's no non-standard databases here it looks like so there's nothing really for us to dum um I was hoping there'd be like a web database or something so if we go back to help there is XP", "start": 1243.96, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "dirry and this one doesn't normally require like Advanced privileges to run so we can say XP dirry C colon and now we can read files off the web server uh there is inet Pub so we can go there then dubdub dub root and we see in dubdub duub root there is a website back up so let's go ahead and download this so if we just go to the web server we can download the backup of the web server and I need to move it to this directory let's see saved here I think what was the name website backup we can unzip it and oh shoot let's clean this up real quick it's my big pet peeve CSS images JS there we go uh website back up there we go so now we have the backup of the web server and there is a old comp. XML so let's see what this is if we C it we see there's a credential Raven and the password is Raven is the best developer so let's go back to net exec", "start": 1357.24, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "and then say um SMB 1010 11236 U Raven DP copy this password and we can log in we can also do the shares to see if there's any new shares that pop up I don't think there will be normally you don't really see hidden shares that pop up from a user you normally just see you can't access them but we can try other methods of um logging in so like when RM can we whenn RM to the Box we can so we can get a shell there uh we could try mssql of course we can do that as well I would assume so it succeeded it doesn't say prone so I don't think we're an administrator um we could do that mssql command again real quick was that in different pain so let's try Raven that sucks we can just copy this let's do Raven paste in the password help and what I'm trying here is can this user enable because there's a chance that Raven was a database admin and then she could enable XP command shell which then we could potentially", "start": 1446.0, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "get root there right because we do that we normally have the SC impersonate privilege and from there you would just use like um one of the potatoes to prives so so let's see we can win RM but there is another thing we could check and we could try like some type of adcs attack this the Box name is manager so it kind of hints towards certificates I don't think like there's anything we can do locally on the box that we can't do from um our box right if you wanted to win RM I had the password here it would just be like evil wi rm- I 10 10 11236 uh Raven DP like this right and then we log in but I don't think there's a command here to tell you this is a certificate Authority it's just one of those things you should check right so let's do certify and then we can say find the user is going to be Raven the password is Raven's the best developer then we specify the DCI IP of", "start": 1547.48, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "1010 11236 and then we do standard out and Frable hope can typ uh just one dash there we go so this is going to search for any vulnerable certificate and we see the um Raven has dangerous permission that enables ESC 7 so if we Googled like Hax esc7 we'd come to a guide that tells us pretty much how to do it I believe let's see going here esc1 explained esc7 see there was a better Aral I had saw I thought uh it's not it maybe was this I'm just not reading enough of it why is it not going in dark mode I have no idea what's going on but oh well uh let's do ESC 7 see Attack One let's see manage CA approval needed okay so we can grant ourselves the ability to manage certificates this is really off um so we do the what was it at officer thing so I'm going to get rid of that and we're going to change the find put CA and then we're going to say the ca is", "start": 1620.0, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "manager dc1 CA and then add officer Raven and you get that CA name it's probably in the standard out right yep right here manager dco1 CA so we add the officer Raven and that's going to allow us to manage uh CA and since we can manage CA now we can enable a template so we could say- enable template subc and if you wanted to you could list all the templates and know which one this is just a default one I believe it's what the um hack trick says to do next but there is a uh list templates feature so it may work on other ones right we're just doing the subc and now we want to say on let's see on template no we do need the ca so on template sub CA we're going to make a request for the CP the UPN uh something principal name maybe Universal principal name um but of administrator at manager. htb so when this generates a certificate its UPN", "start": 1782.679, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "which is going to be the username is going to be set to administrator it'll probably be Raven's ticket but since the UPN set to administrator that's what it uses to log on and unknown argument uh let's see we have to do make this a request so we're going to request it we'll save the private key and we got an error denied so uh the permissions on the certificant template do not allow the current user to enroll but we can just issue the request so we don't have permission to create this we have permission to force create it I guess is a way to say this um I don't 100% understand what's going on we'll say ca and then we will say Das issue it's Issue request right yep Issue request 13 and since we're the manager of the ca that's going to work or the officer maybe it is right so we do this and we issued the certificate so now we can go back to the request and", "start": 1870.88, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "say retrieve 13 and now we have administrator. pfx and this certificate has the principal name of administrator at manager. htb so if we use this we will just magically authenticate certify off then the pfx and file name so it's going to reach out to domain get a TGT save the um log into the ccache that's the credential cache and that's going to be nice and give us the ntlm hash of administrator now if you get a clock skew error remember to run that ntp date command with uh 10 10 11236 and that will sync your clock because um Cur R very specific with time so we could use this hash so if we just copy it we could go like PS exac D hases specify this um administrator at 101 111236 it's PS exact. and this is going to get us a PS exac session as system because that's just how um the impacket PS exac works right it says hoi because I put the W", "start": 1954.36, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}
+{"text": "here it came in before like the whole built but we can see system there if you wanted to um evil winrm would also work and that'll stay as administrator so we could say evil wi RM I 101 11236 Das Capital H for hash and then you administrator I'm not sure I think we just give it ntlm we don't have to do the lmh colon ntlm so this one gets us administrator for some reason you did not want to be system so hope you guys enjoy that take care and I'll see you all next time", "start": 2035.799, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "lT2Tv0m4k7M", "title": "HackTheBox - Manager", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lT2Tv0m4k7M"}}