text stringlengths 8 5.77M | timestamp stringlengths 26 26 | url stringlengths 32 32 |
|---|---|---|
The invention relates to a tool-holder mandrel for fitting to a rotating machine.
The rotating machine may notably be a drill or an electric screw driver. | 2023-12-27T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/1327 |
Unless we act soon insect biodiversity and ecological systems will crash. The cost of mass insect extinctions to humanity on a global scale would of course be disastrous: from pollination, insects supporting biodiversity and as an increasingly important foodstuff for human populations the loss to our planet would be irredeemably bad.
In the UK the National Trust and Wildlife Trust among others are doing their best to preserve and restore meadows, however their efforts are but a drop in the ocean compared to the meadowland that has been lost since the 1940s. 97% of meadows have been torn up and turned into intensive agricultural land or has been built upon. These massive habitat losses have decimated wildlife and biodiversity in our countryside in the UK and pesticide usage in agriculture has compounded the problem.
I believe that parliament seriously needs to consider robust and bold strategies to restore swathes of meadows, as charities cannot achieve this without legislative support, to further restrict harmful pesticides, and to encourage sustainable farming methods. The UK must become a world leader in the fight against loss of biodiversity in nature and show that ecological considerations must be at the forefront of politics and business if the future is not going to look very bleak.
Please do also sign https://petition.parliament.uk/petitions/241327 | 2024-01-17T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/7230 |
The politics of abortion are already vexing vulnerable senators from both parties on the 2018 ballot.
Two of the most endangered senators up for reelection next year, West Virginia Democrat Joe Manchin and Nevada Republican Dean Heller, are being targeted by their opposition for stumbling over the issue recently. And there's plenty more in store: If the Senate calls up a bill to repeal Obamacare, controversy over Planned Parenthood funding will come to the fore — ensuring the 2018 campaign won’t lack for that perennial lightning rod.
Manchin told POLITICO that he’s prepared for a politically charged vote, and that he would continue to support federal funding for Planned Parenthood as long as the four-decade-old ban on the use of federal money for abortions remains in place.
"It’s a shame if that’s all they have,” Manchin said of Republicans trying to make an issue of his Planned Parenthood votes conflicting with his personal opposition to abortion. "These are social issues, not political issues. You are what you are — I was born and raised that way. Life is very sacred to me."
The GOP attacked Manchin after he met last week with David Daleiden, the conservative filmmaker behind undercover videos that appeared to show Planned Parenthood representatives discussing potential sales of fetal tissue. The meeting gave anti-abortion activists hope that he would vote to cut off federal funds for the organization, a position he took in 2015 soon after the Daleiden tapes emerged.
But Manchin voted in March to safeguard state funds for Planned Parenthood, cheering pro-abortion rights activists, and said in an interview that he would consider changing his vote on cutting off federal money for the group if the "horrible accusations" made by Daleiden's tapes are proved true. Daleiden remains embroiled in an ongoing criminal probe in California related to that sting.
"Manchin has always branded himself as a pro-life politician, but as he’s getting pressure from the left — he has a primary opponent now — he’s been trying to make inroads with them," one Senate GOP aide said. "He’ll say whatever it takes to get elected."
Indeed, Republicans are lashing Manchin for taking a picture with a "We Don't Need Planned Parenthood" sign during his meeting with anti-abortion activists — two weeks after posing alongside an "I Stand With Planned Parenthood" sign.
Heller is facing jabs of his own from Democrats after telling constituents last month that he would “protect” Planned Parenthood — only to explain later that he voted to yank its federal funds to protest its involvement in abortions. The Democratic super PAC American Bridge slammed him for trying "to pretend to support Planned Parenthood."
The influential women's-health organization spent big in Nevada in 2016 against former GOP Rep. Joe Heck, who lost his race to Sen. Catherine Cortez Masto (D-Nev.). Planned Parenthood is already citing Nevada polling that shows 49 percent of voters in the state would be less prone to supporting candidates who vote to defund it.
Heller has long voted to pull Planned Parenthood money, however, despite initially describing himself as an abortion-rights backer before his 2006 House election. Manchin's shift in votes, by contrast, makes him a potentially easier mark for his political opposition.
And while Democrats vow to use Heller's support for defunding the group against him in his reelection, Manchin is already facing trouble — in the form of challengers from the left and right in addition to deep-rooted skepticism from abortion-rights groups.
Sign up here for POLITICO Huddle A daily play-by-play of congressional news in your inbox. Email Sign Up By signing up you agree to receive email newsletters or alerts from POLITICO. You can unsubscribe at any time. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
"There are personally pro-life senators" beyond Manchin in the Democratic fold who "don’t take anti-choice votes," NARAL Pro-Choice America President Ilyse Hogue said in an interview.
Citing Sen. Tim Kaine (D-Va.), "who says he’s personally pro-life, but has a 100 percent voting record" with abortion rights groups, Hogue added: "Do I think anti-choice votes will be something Democratic senators will have to explain? I do, actually."
The group of Democrats who have identified as personally anti-abortion but have consistently supported funding for Planned Parenthood include Kaine and Pennsylvania Sen. Bob Casey. Both Manchin and Sen. Joe Donnelly (D-Ind.) voted to protect the group's funding this year but supported yanking its federal money in 2015. All four face difficult reelection fights next year.
Casey said in an interview that Manchin "has been honest" about his position and has joined a united Democratic front in support of family-planning programs designed to further drive down the number of abortions. (The nation's abortion rate declined between 2004 and 2013, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.)
"If Republicans are going to attack candidates like Joe Manchin, who’s working to create and foster common ground, I think it’s a losing argument," Casey added. "I think Joe will win the argument and get reelected."
The toughest political vote for Manchin and Heller looms later this year, when Senate GOP leaders are expected to bring their own Obamacare repeal bill to the floor. The House’s repeal plan halts Medicaid money for Planned Parenthood, and one senator or another is certain to force the issue in the upper chamber as well.
If the Senate bill embraces the House position, Sen. Susan Collins (R-Maine) has said she’ll seek to strip that provision. And if the Senate's health care bill doesn't take aim at Planned Parenthood, Sen. Ted Cruz (R-Texas) or another conservative is likely to pursue a vote to target the group. Under the same powerful procedural rules that allow Majority Leader Mitch McConnell to repeal Obamacare with only GOP votes, the Senate bill would be open to a flurry of amendments.
Heller does not support the House Obamacare repeal bill, but he has no quarrel with its steep cuts to Planned Parenthood, spokeswoman Megan Taylor said.
"Senator Heller has worked hard to improve women's access to health care and the quality of care they receive," Taylor said by email. "While he doesn't have a problem with many of the health care services Planned Parenthood offers to women, he is opposed to providing federal funding to any organization that performs abortions and is supported by taxpayers' dollars; he has a long record that reflects his position."
Mallory Quigley, spokeswoman for the anti-abortion rights group Susan B. Anthony List, predicted that the Senate's initial health care bill would strip Planned Parenthood money, and she urged Democrats who have voted with abortion foes to return to the fold.
"We have so many pro-life allies, chief among them the Senate majority leader," Quigley said in an interview. "So I strongly believe this will be included. And it’s really important that it be bipartisan." | 2024-01-11T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/7257 |
Q:
PrintWriter very slow flush() and print(). Multithreads and sockets
I have this weird problem with my (multithreaded) server when I get more than 500 players connected simultaneously, the PrinterWriter take more than 100 seconds or more (2 minutes) to finish flush() or print() sometimes.
Here is the code:
public static void send(Player p, String packet)
{
PrintWriter out = p.get_out();
if(out != null && !packet.equals("") && !packet.equals(""+(char)0x00))
{
packet = Crypter.toUtf(packet);
out.print((packet)+(char)0x00);
out.flush();
}
}
the printWriter is something like this:
_in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(_socket.getInputStream()));
_out = new PrintWriter(_socket.getOutputStream());
If I add the keyword synchronized to the send() method, the whole server starts to lag every 2 seconds, if I don't then some random player starts to lag for no reason.
Anyone have any idea ? Where is this coming from? What should I do?
A:
The print writer is wrapped around a socket's output stream, so I'm going to guess and say that the socket's output buffer is full, and so the write/flush call will block until the buffer has enough room to accommodate the message being sent.
The socket send buffer may become full if data is being written to it faster than it can be transmitted to the client (or faster than the client can receive it).
Edit:
P.S. If you're having scalability problems, it may be due to using java.io (which requires one thread per socket) instead of java.nio (in which case a single thread can detect and perform operations on those sockets which have pending data). nio is intended to support applications which must scale to a large number of connections, but the programming model is more difficult.
| 2024-04-16T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/2758 |
The Ohio Supreme Court on Thursday revoked the law license of a Wadsworth attorney convicted last month of trafficking in a dangerous drug.
Harry E. Jackson, 65, of 5534 State Road, is spending four years at Lorain Correctional Institution in Grafton on a charge of aggravated drug trafficking and two counts of complicity in aggravated drug trafficking involving bath salts. The charges are second- and fourth-degree felonies.
Jackson, who was convicted after pleading guilty to the charges in Summit County Common Pleas Court, owns The Odd Corner — a tobacco supplies store at 360 E. Exchange St., Akron. Undercover police reported they bought bath salts from a store clerk there on March 23, 2012.
At the time of his conviction, Jackson was not practicing law and his law license is listed as inactive on several online directories of lawyers.
In addition to prison time, Jackson was fined $25,000 and his driver’s license was suspended for five years at his Oct. 11 sentencing hearing before visiting Judge Judy Hunter.
Jackson had three codefendants — Daniel I. Dearment, Dannielle L. Hileman and Eugene B. Hoover — and all have been convicted.
The investigation was completed by University of Akron police in conjunction with city police. | 2023-09-27T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8596 |
Q:
Jquery mobile load external page and keep it
Im trying to load an external jquery mobile page into my main page with:
$.mobile.pageContainer.pagecontainer("load", "./pages/test1/test1.html", {});
and i want to keep it in the dom, even when im going back from that page.
Is there a way to do that? becouse when back key is presses, the page is removed from the html.
A:
Have you looked at setting data-dom-cache="true" on the page:
http://api.jquerymobile.com/page/#option-domCache
This will keep loaded pages in the DOM.
| 2024-03-23T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6609 |
826 P.2d 1016 (1992)
111 Or.App. 476
OWEN DEVELOPMENT GROUP, Inc., and Peter O. Eslick, Petitioners,
v.
CITY OF GEARHART, Respondent.
LUBA 91-107 & 91-123; CA A72723.
Court of Appeals of Oregon.
Argued and Submitted January 27, 1992.
Decided February 26, 1992.
*1017 Jeff H. Bachrach, Portland, argued the cause, for petitioners. With him on the brief was O'Donnell, Ramis, Crew & Corrigan, Portland.
William R. Canessa, Seaside, argued the cause and filed the brief, for respondent.
Before RICHARDSON, P.J., and DEITS and DURHAM, JJ.
RICHARDSON, Presiding Judge.
Petitioners seek review of LUBA's dismissal of their appeal from what they describe as a "land use decision," contained in a letter by the Gearhart city administrator. LUBA concluded that there was no final reviewable land use decision. We affirm.
In 1985 and 1986, respectively, the city approved petitioners' applications for preliminary and final development plan approval and a conditional use permit for a shopping center. The property is located in a mixed residential-commercial zone that has no permitted uses and that allows as conditional uses those that are permitted in two of the city's commercial zones (C-1 and C-2). The 1985 application recited that the "final configuration of the center is approximate and schematic until final lease arrangements can be made." The city's 1985 decision stated:
"The applicant has stated in his testimony that the retail shopping center proposed will likely include a food market, a drug store, a variety store, a junior department store, a restaurant, a financial institution and other retail shops. These are all uses permitted in either the C-1 or C-2 Zoning Districts and are therefore included as permitted conditional uses within [this] Zone."
In 1991, a development permit was issued. Petitioners and city personnel disagreed about the uses that would be allowed in the center. Although the city provides no declaratory or interpretive land use procedures, petitioners applied to the city for an "interpretation" of the 1985 decision. They asserted that, under it, they were entitled to include in the shopping center all uses that are allowable in the C-1 and C-2 zones. The city planning commission took no action on the request for an interpretation except to discuss it during a regular meeting. A majority of the commission's members expressed a more restrictive view than petitioners' about what uses had been approved by the 1985 decision. The "consensus" was memorialized in the administrator's letter to petitioners, from which they purported to take their appeal to LUBA.[1] The letter states, in material part:
"Since you were present, you know that no formal motion, resolution or order was approved by the Commission. The Commissioners did, however, express their feelings as to the intended projects when polled by the Chairman. By his count and mine, as well, the consensus was that any of the five major, specifically named businesses could be located in the larger complex without further approval required. Those businesses are a financial institution, a restaurant, a grocery store, a variety store and a drug store. Any other retail stores in the complex would require conditional use approval as they were not specifically approved during the original approval process.
"It is reasonable for you to assume that as the building official, I will act in accordance with this interpretation in issuing permits and/or business licenses."
The city moved to dismiss the LUBA appeal on the ground that neither the letter nor any of the events leading to it was a final land use decision that came within LUBA's jurisdiction. LUBA agreed, as do we. Petitioners argue that the letter embodies a discretionary decision in the form of a declaratory ruling that, as a practical matter, resolves any issues that they might raise through an application for *1018 a "formal" land use decision. According to petitioners,
"[t]he city's position is that it will only issue a final reviewable decision regarding the uses allowed in the shopping center when the petitioners have built the center and applied for an occupancy permit or business license for a particular retail store. The city administrator's letter states how the city will respond to such a request for an occupancy permit or business license. Petitioners should not be required to exhaust the futile remedy of building an entire shopping center in order to get an appealable determination out of the city."
Petitioners also rely on Medford Assembly of God v. City of Medford, 297 Or. 138, 681 P.2d 790 (1984), cert. den. 474 U.S. 1020, 106 S.Ct. 570, 88 L.Ed.2d 554 (1985), where the court held that the city's declaratory interpretation, under an ordinance that provided for that procedure,[2] constituted a reviewable land use decision. However, the facts in City of Medford were quite different from those in this case, and the differences demonstrate why petitioners are wrong here. The petitioner in City of Medford operated a church on property zoned for that purpose. It subsequently opened an elementary school and was notified by a city official that the school use required a conditional use permit. The interpretation that the petitioner sought was that no permit was required under the relevant zoning ordinance provision. The Supreme Court concluded:
"The [city's] resolution is a `land use decision' under ORS 197.015(10), which defines `Land use decision' to mean, among other things, a `determination made by a local government' concerning the `application' of a zoning ordinance. This formal determination is a basis for LUBA review even though it is only declaratory. The procedure provided by the city is analogous to the declaratory order provided by the state Administrative Procedure Act in ORS 183.410, which serves as a basis for review in the Court of Appeals." 297 Or. at 140, 681 P.2d 790. (Footnote omitted.)
In this case, conversely, petitioners did not seek an interpretation of an ordinance; instead, they sought an interpretation of an earlier land use decision. The purpose of their application was to obtain permission for a prospective use by maintaining that it had already been granted, rather than by asking for an independent decision in which the city could determine whether the proposed use was permitted under the zoning ordinance.[3] Stated differently, petitioners did not ask 481 for the "application of a zoning ordinance"; rather, they sought permission for a use without the direct application of the zoning ordinance.
In Terraces Condo. Assn. v. City of Portland, 110 Or. App. 471, 823 P.2d 1004 (1992), we were presented with a corollary of petitioners' argument. The petitioners there had sought and obtained from the city a favorable interpretation of an earlier variance decision. They argued that, because the city's action entailed the interpretation of a land use decision rather than the application of a land use regulation, the action was not a land use decision subject to LUBA's review. We rejected that argument and concluded that "the `interpretation' of a variance necessarily involves the *1019 application of the land use regulations under and from which the variance was allowed." 110 Or. App. at 477, 823 P.2d 1004.
It may be that the city here could have indulged in the same fiction that the city and the parties in Terraces Condo. Assn. did, with the same result on any reviewability question. However, the city was also free not to do that and to insist as it did that petitioners not obtain a land use decision without applying for one in accordance with its established procedures. As for petitioners' contention that the effect of the city's action is to require that they "exhaust the futile remedy of building an entire shopping center" in order to obtain an appealable decision, that is simply not the remedy that they must exhaust. They may proceed under section 3.780 of the ordinance, see n. 3, supra, or, possibly apply for a conditional use permit or other land use decision concerning a prospective use, just as they did in 1985.[4]
The underlying thesis of petitioners' argument is a form over substance one, with which we are not unsympathetic. They understand the 1985 decision to have granted what the city and LUBA have concluded that they must apply for now. However, petitioners are not free to invent their own procedures rather than following those that the law prescribes. If they are not certain enough to act on their understanding that the 1985 decision gives them what they want, they must apply for a decision about the uses that are in doubt.
Petitioners also argue that, having dismissed their appeal, LUBA was required to transfer the case to the circuit court under ORS 19.230(4):
"A notice of intent to appeal filed with the Land Use Board of Appeals pursuant to ORS 197.830 and requesting review of a decision of a municipal corporation made in the transaction of municipal corporation business that is not reviewable as a land use decision or limited land use decision as defined in ORS 197.015 shall be transferred to the circuit court and treated as a petition for writ of review. * * *"
We do not agree with petitioners' reading of the statute. We construe the words "not reviewable as a land use decision * * * as defined in ORS 197.015" to mean that the subject matter of the controversy is outside the statutory definition of the term. We do not agree with petitioners that the statute was meant to give circuit courts jurisdiction over land use issues simply because local decisions that can only be made through the land use process are not properly or completely formalized and therefore do not qualify as final decisions over which LUBA can exercise its jurisdiction. See ORS 197.015(10).
Affirmed.
NOTES
[1] Petitioners also contended that a land use decision is reflected in the commission minutes and that the city erred by not permitting them to appeal the commission's decision to the city council. The analytical underpinnings for those contentions are essentially the same as those on which petitioners base their argument that the letter embodied a land use decision, and our disposition applies to all of petitioners' contentions.
[2] The Supreme Court found it unnecessary in City of Medford to decide whether its holding could apply when there is no declaratory procedure under the local legislation. We also do not reach that question.
[3] Section 3.780 of the city's zoning ordinance provides, with respect to permits of the kind in question:
"1. The applicant and successors shall agree in writing to be bound by the conditions prescribed for approval of the development. The approved final plan and stage development schedule shall control the issuance of all building permits and shall restrict the nature, location, and design of all uses. Minor changes in an approved preliminary or final development plan may be approved by the Building Official if such changes are consistent with the purposes and general character of the development plan. All other modifications, including extension or revisions of the stage development schedule, shall be processed in the same manner as the original application and shall be subject to the same manner [sic] as the original application and shall be subject to the same procedural requirements."
[4] We do not imply that the meaning of the 1985 and 1986 decisions is not relevant to the disposition of an application. Indeed, section 3.780 suggests that those decisions may be quite relevant.
| 2024-03-21T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3090 |
Q:
Supremum of a sine integral
Let $M_T=\int\limits_{0}^{T}\frac{\sin(t)}{t}dt$ be a sine integral.
Why is $2\displaystyle\sup_{T}M_T < \infty$?
A:
$$\int_{0}^{T}\frac{\sin\left(t\right)}{t}dt=\overset{\infty}{\underset{n=0}{\sum}}\frac{\left(-1\right)^{n}}{\left(2n+1\right)!}\int_{0}^{T}t^{2n}dt=\overset{\infty}{\underset{n=0}{\sum}}\frac{\left(-1\right)^{n}T^{2n+1}}{\left(2n+1\right)!\left(2n+1\right)}<\infty$$
for the Leibniz's criterion, $\forall T\in\mathbb{R}^{+}$. Furthermore note that $$\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{\sin\left(t\right)}{t}dt=\int_{0}^{\infty}\mathfrak{L}\left\{ \sin\left(t\right)\right\} \left(s\right)ds=\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{s^{2}+1}ds=\frac{\pi}{2}$$where $\mathfrak{L}$ is the Laplace transform.
| 2023-12-04T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3345 |
using System.Collections;
using NitroxClient.GameLogic.InitialSync.Base;
using NitroxModel.DataStructures.GameLogic;
using NitroxModel.Packets;
namespace NitroxClient.GameLogic.InitialSync
{
public class EscapePodInitialSyncProcessor : InitialSyncProcessor
{
private readonly EscapePodManager escapePodManager;
public EscapePodInitialSyncProcessor(EscapePodManager escapePodManager)
{
this.escapePodManager = escapePodManager;
}
public override IEnumerator Process(InitialPlayerSync packet, WaitScreen.ManualWaitItem waitScreenItem)
{
EscapePodModel escapePod = packet.EscapePodsData.Find(x => x.Id.Equals(packet.AssignedEscapePodId));
escapePodManager.AssignPlayerToEscapePod(escapePod);
yield return null;
escapePodManager.SyncEscapePodIds(packet.EscapePodsData);
}
}
}
| 2024-05-05T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5211 |
Expression and localization of protein kinase C theta isoform in mouse testis.
Protein kinase C (PKC) is encoded by a complex of a gene family, and its multiple isoforms are expressed in various mammalian tissues. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression and localization of a PKC theta isoform in mouse testis. PKC theta displays the highest homology to PKC delta, lacks the Ca2+-binding C2 domain and, thus, belongs to the subfamily of Ca2+-independent PKC enzymes which also includes the delta, epsilon, zeta and eta isoforms. We analyzed the PKC theta mRNA and protein by Northern blotting, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. In testes of normal mice, signals of PKC theta isoform expression were detected specifically in the interstitial cells of testes. The expression of PKC theta isoform was also detected in testes of germ cell-deficient W/W(v) mice. These results suggest that PKC theta isoform has the specific biological functions in the interstitial cells of testis. | 2024-02-27T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/9656 |
In ten years, I'll be ten years older. Yeah, duh, you might be thinking. Obvious things can often be more revealing to think about than non-obvious things, though. I'm 41 today, and in ten years I'll be 51. Assuming all the clothes I have today could somehow survive another ten years of washing and wearing, would I still want to wear them as a fifty-one-year-old?
The first question is one of size. What size will I be in ten years? There are three distinct types of answers to this question.
I have no idea - how could I possibly know that?Same size I am right now, obviously, because I am a marble statueI will have reached the fitness goal for which I am currently on track.
Ten years ago, I was 31. Yes, yes, you can count too. Past Self: Age 31 was coming down from our top weight at age 29. At that time, we had at least four different sizes of clothes in the closet. Our goal weight was 18 pounds heavier than I am today. We hadn't yet bought into the concept that there is a method of being at Healthy Weight for My Height and deviating only over a small range. We were still caught in this idea that body weight is either genetically determined, or a function of the weather. It just happened.
I've worn eight different clothing sizes in my adult life, and spent at least a year at each of those sizes. Now I've been the same size for three years. I have a solid understanding of exactly what behavior patterns on my part will eventually result in physical changes that are reflected in each of those clothing sizes. Size 14 involved a lot of fried food. The Pepsi and Pringles Diet worked for me! I didn't get below a size 6 until I learned to cook vegetables. (NB: and eat them)
I can look around my yoga class at the gym, see that there are ladies present in their fifties, sixties, and seventies, and surmise that if I keep doing what I'm doing today, I will probably look a lot like them when I reach that age. In ten years, I will probably be very similar to the size I am today, only with better posture.
The second question is one of style. Will I still like the same stuff in ten years? Will it still be somewhat fashionable?
If I have one wish as I get older, it is that I will care progressively less and less what other people think of me. That includes clothes. If I want to wear something woefully out of sync with the trends of the day, I most likely will. That's never been anything that stopped me before.
On the other hand, I've already started to feel sad when I find myself contemplating clothes meant for younger women. At my size, dignified, professional clothing is vanishingly rare. Everything is meant for going to the beach, hanging out at the mall, or going to high school. That's my impression anyway. If I change my mind ten years from now and want to dress like a teenager, I can always go to those shops and find something. For today, when I look at what's in my closet, I can ask myself, Does this look like something 51-Year-Old Future Me would want to wear?
The third question is a simple one of climate. Will I still be living here? Am I likely to move north and need warmer clothes? That's possible, and that's an issue I can resolve if I decide to make that change. In the meantime, I have only to ask myself how often I wear what I have now. I only need to dress for extreme cold for a few days a year, so I don't have to keep as many coats and scarves as I used to when I lived in Oregon. Other people may find that they don't need nearly as many pairs of shorts, tank tops, etc.
The fourth question is one of use. Are these clothes going to be usable in ten years?
I loathe shopping. Always did, and I loathe it even more now that it's so hard to find smaller clothes. When I find something I like, I now wear it into a rag. When I split the back seam of my favorite jeans, I seriously contemplated trying to patch them before acknowledging that they were a lost cause. There is no way any of the clothes I have now will survive another ten years of use. Not the socks, not the pajamas, not even those rarely worn winter clothes.
The fifth question is a bit more complex. If I am so emotionally attached to a particular item that I intend to hang onto it for another ten years, no matter what, will it still work with anything else I have? Certain garments only wind up being worn in combination with certain others. That includes jewelry, shoes, specialty undergarments, and anything else that makes it feel like an 'outfit.' If any elements of the prize outfit aren't going to make it, does that reflect on the wearability of the treasured piece?
The purpose of this exercise is to reexamine our wardrobes in terms of our future needs. We tend to want to keep things because we feel that we made a commitment to them in the past. We invested money. We liked being that size, or at least, we liked it better than the size we are now. We are alienated by the trends we currently see in the mall, and we're alarmed at having to let go of the familiar in favor of the disconcerting. (I'm from a generation that believes Tights Are Not Pants). We find ourselves with closets, drawers, and piles of unwearable clothing, things that Present Self can't use and doesn't need. Present Self often misses Past Self, even though Past Self is the same lazy, selfish brat who spent all our money and kept leaving us all those stacks of messy papers and dirty dishes. It can really help to look forward and imagine what Future Self is going to want.
Not sure about you, but whenever my Future Self calls me, she always asks for more money. She always gives me an earful about any annoying chores I've put off and saved for her to do. She often picks on me about my fashion choices, hairstyle, dietary habits, etc. I recognize the same things I complain about to Past Self. One of the few thing I can do for Future Self today is to do a bit of culling and let go of clothes neither of us will ever wear. | 2023-08-04T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8932 |
Differences between sodium-dependent and desipramine-defined [3H]imipramine binding in intact human platelets.
Measurements of sodium-dependent [3H]imipramine binding to intact human platelets from 20 human volunteers were made and compared to desipramine-defined binding, a method commonly employed in population studies of platelet [3H]imipramine sites. The density (Bmax) of sodium-dependent [3H]imipramine sides in platelets was significantly lower (449 +/- 36 sites/platelet) and the affinity (Kd) significantly higher (1.15 +/- 0.12 nM) than those obtained when excess desipramine was used to define specific binding (Bmax 654 +/- 33 sites/platelet, p less than 0.001; Kd 1.52 +/- 0.11 nM, p less than 0.001). There was no significant correlation between the density (Bmax) of sodium-dependent and desipramine-defined binding in individual subjects, suggesting that a different proportion of sites are labeled under the two assay conditions. No age-dependent variation was found in either Kd or Bmax values of sodium-dependent or desipramine-defined [3H]imipramine binding. The results suggest determination of sodium-dependent [3H]imipramine binding to intact platelets may be a useful measure for the estimation of [3H]imipramine recognition sites relevant to the serotonin uptake in studies of patients with affective disorders. | 2024-03-21T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3330 |
81 So.2d 254 (1955)
May PIKE
v.
SOUTHERN BELL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH COMPANY.
6 Div. 470.
Supreme Court of Alabama.
March 24, 1955.
Rehearing Denied May 19, 1955.
Further Rehearing Denied June 23, 1955.
Gibson, Hewitt & Gibson, Birmingham, for appellant.
Edw. W. Smith and John A. Boykin, Jr., Atlanta, Ga., and Lange, Simpson, Robinson & Somerville, Birmingham, for appellee.
Copeland & Copeland, Gadsden, Jas. H. Willis, Birmingham, amici curiae.
MAYFIELD, Justice.
A statement of this case appears in the dissenting opinion. The primary question here for consideration is whether or not the appellee Telephone Company was justified in removing the appellant's telephone. The appellee's asserted justification of this act was that it had received notification from Eugene "Bull" Connor, Commissioner of Public Safety of the City of Birmingham, that this telephone was being used for "illegal purposes".
It is clear that the Telephone Company, like any other public utility, which is granted a monopoly, has a duty to serve the general public impartially, and without arbitrary discrimination. This right of service extends to every individual who complies with the reasonable rules of the Company. The subscriber is entitled to equal service and equal facilities, under equal conditions. 86 C.J.S., Tel. & Tel., Radio & Television, § 71, p. 83; City of Birmingham v. Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co., 234 Ala. 526, 176 So. 301.
*255 It is equally clear that the Telephone Company may properly refuse to furnish its service for a purpose or business which is patently illegal or a public nuisance. But, mere suspicion that such service is desired for purposes contrary to the public interest will not justify refusal. 86 C.J.S., Tel. & Tel., Radio & Television, § 65, p. 80; Western Union Telegraph Company v. Ferguson, 57 Ind. 495.
In Andrews v. Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co., D.C., 83 F.Supp. 966, 968, 969, the defendant Telephone Company received a letter from the United States Attorney stating that the plaintiff (subscriber) was using his telephone in violation of the gambling statutes and requested that the telephone be discontinued. When the Telephone Company complied with the request of the United States Attorney, the subscriber brought a petition for injunctive relief. There the court said:
"A public utility, such as a common carrier, a telegraph company, or a telephone company, must serve all members of the public without discrimination or distinction. * * * that a person may be of bad character does not deprive him of the right to receive service from a public utility. * * *
"* * * a telephone company may refuse to furnish or may discontinue service that has been furnished if the service is used for a criminal purpose, such as violation of the gambling statutes. The burden of proof, however, is on the public utility to establish the fact that the service is being used or is about to be used for a criminal purpose. * * *"
In the above cause, the tariff of the Telephone Company contained a provision that service could be discontinued if any law enforcement agency advised that it was being used, or will be used, in violation of law. Speaking of this tariff provision and the letter of the United States Attorney, the court said:
"* * * Obviously, if this provision of the tariff is to be literally construed, it is not valid. A public utility may not deprive a member of the public of his rights to service merely because it receives a notice from a law enforcement agency that he is using the service for illegal purposes. A public utility may refuse, and, in fact, must, refuse, service if to its knowledge the service is being used for illegal purposes. This fact must, however, be established. To confer what would amount to judicial power on a law enforcement officer and to exercise such power ex parte would be violative of due process of law and would deprive members of the public of their legal rights. * * *
* * * * * *
"The effect of the letter from the United States Attorney is another matter. Its function, as the Court sees it, is none other than merely to convey information to the telephone company and place the telephone company on notice of what the United States Attorney believes the situation to be. The telephone company, for example, may have a right, if it sees fit to do so, to request the United States Attorney to disclose whatever evidence he has in support of the information contained in the notice. The telephone company must make its own decision whether the evidence is sufficient to justify discontinuance of the service. The company acts at its peril. * * *"
In the instant case, as far as the record reveals, there was not even a "tariff" of the telephone company to justify their discontinuance of this appellant's telephone service. We do not think this point controlling, however, and agree with the reasoning of the above case that the Telephone Company could not have adopted a valid tariff in this particular. Such a "tariff" would have been a denial of due process of law.
In that portion of the opinion in People v. Brophy, 49 Cal.App.2d 15, 29, 30, 120 *256 P.2d 946, 954; dealing with whether receipt by the Telephone Company of a letter from the State Attorney General stating that Brophy was using his telephone in bookmaking and requesting its removal would constitute a defense in a suit by Brophy against the Telephone Company for removal of the telephone, the court said:
"It is evident * * * that the law vests no authority in the office of the Attorney General to order a telephone company to discontinue its service, and this being true, the telephone company was not bound to abide by the order of the Attorney General, as was done in the circumstances disclosed by the record herein.
* * * * * *
"* * * the so-called affirmative defense was invalid and therefore raised no issues. In both substance and effect it amounted to no more than a recital of certain information that respondent telephone company had received, and the source thereof added nothing to its value as a defense." [Emphasis supplied.]
In Giordullo v. Cincinnati & Suburban Bell Telephone Co., Ohio Com.Pl., 71 N.E.2d 858, 859, 860, the plaintiff brought an action to recover damages for the withdrawal of telephone service from the plaintiff's premises and to compel defendant to restore plaintiff's service. In its answer the telephone company alleged that the Chief of Police had requested that plaintiff's telephone be removed claiming that he was using his telephone for bookmaking. On demurrer by plaintiff, the court said:
"The telephone company required the plaintiff to get the OK of the Chief of Police before it would give plaintiff telephone service and withdrew the same upon the request of the Chief of Police, all without any hearing as to the gambling chargesthat is police government pure and simple. [Emphasis supplied.]
"The court agrees with counsel too that such a hook-up between the Telephone Company and the Chief of Police is in utter disregard of the fundamental rights of the citizenry of this city; but the court must disregard the alleged hook-up in passing upon plaintiff's demurrer except to say that the Telephone Company can not excuse its actions in withdrawing plaintiff's telephone service on the claim that it did so upon the request of the Chief of Police.
* * * * * *
"If that is true (that plaintiff was using the telephone for bookmaking) it seems to the court that the defendant had the right to withdraw plaintiff's telephone service. When it comes to the trial of this case the Telephone Company will be required to prove that defense by preponderance of the evidence and the letter of the Chief of Police requesting defendant to withdraw plaintiff's telephone service will not even be proper evidence in the case." [Emphasis supplied.]
In Shillitani v. Valentine, 184 Misc. 77, 53 N.Y.S.2d 127, 131, 132, the petitioner sought a writ of mandamus to compel the restoration of telephone service. Petitioner's telephone had been removed by the police at the time of his arrest for bookmaking. On his acquittal of the charge, petitioner applied to the telephone company to have telephone service restored. The police department did not approve the restoration of his telephone and for that reason the company refused to restore it.
The holding of the court in granting the writ was, in part, as follows:
"* * * a telephone company may not refuse to furnish service and facilities because of mere suspicion or mere belief that they may be or are being used for an illegitimate end; more is required (People v. Brophy, 49 Cal.App.2d 15, 120 P.2d 946, supra; Western Union Tel. Co. v. Ferguson, 57 Ind. 495); nor because the character of the applicant is not above reproach, *257 nor because such person is engaged in immoral or illegal pursuits, where they have no connection with the service applied for. Godwin case, supra. [Godwin v. Carolina Tel. & Tel. Co., 136 N.C. 258, 48 S.E. 636, 67 L.R.A. 251, 103 Am.St.Rep. 941, 1 Ann.Cas. 203.] * * *
* * * * * *
"Neither the police commissioner nor the police department has any jurisdiction or authority over the matter of furnishing, discontinuing or restoring telephone service to the public, nor in any other way, so far as I am aware; his or its approval or disapproval in that regard are meaningless insofar as any legal effect is concerned; they possess no more power in that respect than a stranger; each is utterly without such power whatever, however much the views and attitude of the commissioner or the department may by indirection be enforced, as, for example, by the arrangement or understanding between the police and the telephone company, * * *."
The appellate division modified the order of the trial court so as to direct a dismissal of the petition upon a finding that the petitioner was, in fact, using his telephone for criminal activities. 269 App.Div. 568, 56 N.Y.S.2d 210. On appeal to the Court of Appeals, the holding of the appellate division was affirmed, 296 N.Y. 161, 71 N.E.2d 450, 451. The court said in part:
"Since the record justifies the conclusion that petitioner was engaged in conduct violative of section 986 of the Penal Law, it follows that he failed to establish * * * a clear legal right to the relief sought. Under the circumstances of this case, there was no warrant for compelling the telephone company to reinstate its service for petitioner.
* * * * * *
"Neither the Police Commissioner nor the Police Department is given any authority by statute to pass upon or regulate applications for telephone service, or to require a telephone company to withhold or discontinue its service. * * *
"Whether or no service should be terminated or discontinued is a decision that must be made by the telephone company. That poweras well as dutyrests with the public utility, and it may not delegate the one or avoid the other. True, the company is free to consult with the Police Department or with any other law enforcement agency, and may be guided in its action by the advice received. But whether the action is justified or warranted must be determined by the telephone company upon the facts presented. * * *"
Shillitani v. Valentine, supra, was followed in Whyte v. New York Telephone Co., Sup., 73 N.Y.S.2d 138, and in Dees Cigarette & Automatic Music Co., Inc., v. New York Telephone Co., 184 Misc. 269, 53 N.Y.S. 651, wherein the respondent Telephone Company was ordered to reinstall petitioners' telephones. In both cases, the Company had refused service on the request of the police department. We are aware that the courts of several jurisdictions have taken a contrary view; nevertheless, we are convinced that the rule enunciated in the foregoing cases is sound and should be followed by the courts of Alabama. The cases supporting the contrary view are ably collected in the dissenting opinion and require no further comment.
Upon its factual situation, the instant case is even weaker than the cases which we have heretofore reviewed. A contrary holding would be particularly disturbing when we consider the questions which are left unanswered by the Company's plea. This plea does not even allege that the appellant's telephone was, in fact, being used in a manner which would justify its removal. The allegation is merely that the appellee received notice from Eugene "Bull" Connor, Commissioner of Public Safety, and was thereby ordered to remove the telephone. The letter from Commissioner *258 Connor, which the company claims clothes them with immunity, merely states that the telephone is being used for "illegal purposes."
Attached to the letter to the Company from the Commissioner was a list which included remarks concerning one Louis Pikepresumably the husband of appellant. It was stated that Louis Pike "is a well-known lottery operator in the city." As was stated in the foregoing cases, the questionable character of the telephone subscriber is not justification for a Company, which holds a monopoly, to discontinue the service. Obviously, this principle is doubly applicable where both the character and the occupation of the person assailed is someone other than the subscriber.
"Criminal" and "illegal" are not interchangeable terms. While it is argued by the appellee that the "illegal" use referred to concerned bookmaking operations, such does not appear in the notice received by the Telephone Company. Stripped to its bare essentials, Commissioner Connor's letter makes two allegations against Louis Pike. First, that he "operates a negro beer joint". Regardless of whether such activity be laudable, it is not criminal or even "illegal". Secondly, that Pike operates the Joe Louis Lottery House and has at least three cases pending in the various courts. The "pendency" of a criminal case cannot be used as a predicate for punitive action under the American system. The present tendency and drift towards the Police State gives all free Americans pause. The unconstitutional and extra-judicial enlargement of coercive governmental power is a frightening and cancerous growth on our body politic. Once we assumed as axiomatic that a citizen was presumed innocent until proved guilty. The tendency of governments to shift the burden of proof to citizens to prove their innocence is indefensible and intolerable.
We are not able to glean from the bare conclusions set up in the letter of the Commissioner, whether it is claimed that the "illegal" use of the telephone was by the appellant, her husband, or a total stranger. From aught that was alleged in the plea, except for the conclusion of the Commissioner, no "illegal" use of any type was made of this telephone by any one.
The notice alleged to have been received by the Telephone Company was couched in the terms of a direct order from the Commissioner of Public Safety. What is the source of Mr. Connor's authority to issue such an order? We know of none. And we hold that none exists.
If we took a contrary view, it would naturally flow and follow that the telephone company would be justified in acting on the notice of any over-zealous law enforcement official who, without evidence, and on mere suspicion, is impressed with the bad character or occupation of a particular telephone subscriber. The letter from Commissioner Connor set up in the plea is no defense. It is the Telephone Company's burden to show that the use being made of the telephone did, in fact, justify its removal.
These depredations of a subscriber's legal right to telephone service constitute a denial of due process guaranteed by the Constitution of 1901, art. 1, § 6. The gratuitous and arbitrary action of a police official is no justification for an abridgement of this right. To hold that the Telephone Company is justified in discontinuing service by "order" of a police official would require judicial recognition of a police power which does not exist. The bald assertion of an executive officer, be he the Attorney General of the United States or a constable of some remote beat, cannot be accepted as a substitute for proof in the judicial process. No presumption arises as to the sufficiency of evidence based on a law enforcement officer's conclusions.
Appellee's plea No. 2 alleged no defense to the cause of action and the nisi prius court erred in overruling the challenging demurrer.
Reversed and remanded.
SIMPSON and STAKELY, JJ., concur.
*259 LAWSON, J., concurs in the result.
LIVINGSTON, C. J., and GOODWYN and Merrill, JJ., dissent.
GOODWYN, Justice (dissenting).
Appellant, plaintiff below, brought action at law against appellee claiming damages for cutting off or discontinuing her telephone service. As last amended, the complaint consisted of three counts. Count 1 charged appellee with "negligently" cutting off telephone service; count 2, with "wantonly" cutting off such service; and count 3, with "willfully, wantonly, maliciously, intentionally, and wrongfully" cutting off such service. Appellee's demurrer to the complaint, as last amended, was overruled. Thereupon appellee entered two pleas. The first was a plea of the general issue. Plea 2 was as follows:
"Plea 2. On April 6, 1951, the defendant was engaged in business in the City of Birmingham, Alabama, as a public utility furnishing intrastate and interstate telephone service to the public.
"Prior to April 6, 1951, a telephone with call number 6-9171 was installed by defendant in a place of business at 1535 Twentieth Street, Ensley, being operated by plaintiff or plaintiff and her husband, and said telephone was therein on April 6, 1951, and was the only telephone in said premises either on April 2nd, 1951, or April 6, 1951.
"Defendant further avers that it received a letter dated April 2, 1951, from the Commissioner of Public Safety of the City of Birmingham, Alabama, who was at the time the responsible law-enforcing agent of said City, and who was in charge of its Police Department, advising the defendant that the said telephone facilities furnished by the defendant at the said premises known as 1535 Twentieth Street, Ensley, a place within the corporate limits of the said City and subject to its police jurisdiction, were being used for illegal purposes, and directing the defendant to remove said telephone facilities. Said letter was in words and figures as follows:
"`April 2, 1951
"`Mr. C. L. Lott, District Manager,
"`Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Company,
"`Birmingham 3, Alabama
"`Dear Mr. Lott:
"`This is your order to remove the attached list of telephones which are used for illegal purposes. These telephones are not to be reconnected without a Court order or advice from me.
"`Sincerely yours,
"`/s/ Eugene "Bull" Connor Commissioner of Public Safety.'
"Attached to said letter was the list of telephones referred to therein, which, in the part thereof here pertinent said:
"`Lewis Pike, white, male, lives at 1117 Thirteenth Avenue, South, and has telephone listed 4-3075 and 4-1420. Lewis Pike also operates a negro beer joint at 1535-20th St. EnsleyTelephone 6-9171. He is a well-known lottery operator in the City, operating the Joe Louis Lottery House and has at least three cases pending in the various Courts.'
"The defendant avers that, acting in compliance with the order contained in said letter from the Commissioner of Public Safety of the said City, a communication was addressed to the plaintiff under date of April 5, 1951, by the defendant in words and figures as follows, to-wit:
"`We have information which indicates that the telephone facilities and service being furnished you by this company have been used in connection with unlawful activities. Therefore, this is to notify you that on April 6, 1951, all telephone service at the present time being rendered *260 to you at 1535-20th Street, Ensley, will be discontinued.
"`/s/ C. L. Lott
"`District Manager.'
"Said communication was delivered to the person in charge of said premises at or immediately preceding the time of the removal of said telephone facilities, and the defendant did, on April 6, 1951, remove said telephone facilities with call number 6-9171 from said premises, viz.: 1535 Twentieth Street, Ensley, in an orderly, lawful and proper manner and unless this be wrong, defendant was guilty of no wrong on the occasion complained of."
The appellant demurred to plea 2, assigning thirty-eight separate and several grounds. The demurrer being overruled, appellant moved for a non-suit, which was granted. This appeal presents for review the propriety of the action of the court in overruling the demurrer to plea 2.
As I see it, the question presented for decision is whether, under the facts averred in plea 2, appellee was justified in discontinuing appellant's telephone service. Specifically, the question is whether appellee, in removing appellant's telephone pursuant to the instructions from the Commissioner of Public Safety of the City of Birmingham, was justified in accepting the order of said Commissioner as reasonable cause to believe that the telephone was being used for an illegal purpose. Appellant's insistence is that appellee, as a public utility, must serve the public without discrimination and that she has been unjustly discriminated against by the discontinuance of her telephone service; that plea 2 does not show that either she or her husband personally used the telephone for illegal purposes nor that they had any notice or knowledge that it was being used for illegal purposes or that they permitted any one to use said telephone for illegal purposes. It is further contended that the discontinuance of service deprived her of her property without due process of law in violation of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution of the United States.
The position taken by the Telephone Company is that the instructions from the Commissioner of Public Safety for removal of appellant's telephone because of its use, as stated in said instructions, for illegal purposes, constituted reasonable cause for the Company to believe the telephone was being illegally used, thus justifying its removal.
It does not appear that this question has heretofore been before this court. However, it has been dealt with in other jurisdictions, but not with unanimity in the decisions.
My research discloses that when the question has been considered in other jurisdictions, there has usually been involved the reasonableness of a statute, a rule of a state or federal regulatory body, or a rule of the public utility. It is apparent that our problem, as presented by the pleadings, is somewhat different. Here, no statute or rule is involved. The question, then, simply stated, is whether the Telephone Company, in the absence of a statute or rule on the subject, is justified in discontinuing service when requested to do so by a responsible law enforcement officer who represents to the Company that such service is being used for illegal purposes. (As I see it, the principle applicable here would likewise be applicable if a statute or rule were involved.) My view is that the Telephone Company is justified in relying on the representations of such law enforcement officer as to the illegal use of the service and, accordingly, should not be liable for damages when service is discontinued at the request of such officer.
It is generally held that a public utility, by reason of the very nature of its business, is obligated to furnish "its service or commodity to the general public, or that part of the public which it has undertaken to serve, without arbitrary discrimination." 73 C.J.S., Public Utilities, § 7 b, p. 999. But it cannot be required to furnish service, for illegal purposes. *261 52 Am.Jur., Telegraphs and Telephones, § 93, p. 123; Nichols, Public Utility Service and Discrimination, Chap. VII, § 9, p. 196. As thus stated in 52 Am.Jur., Telegraphs and Telephones, Cum.Supp. § 84.1:
"It is the duty of a telephone company to furnish service and facilities without discrimination in favor of or against anyone who will pay the applicable tariff rate and abide by the reasonable regulations of the utility. But a telephone company's duty to furnish service is limited to lawful service, and it cannot be compelled to furnish service for purposes which are illegal, * * *."
In the light of these principles, is it not a reasonable and practicable rule of law which says that a utility is justified in discontinuing service when a responsible law enforcement officer notifies the utility that such service is being used for illegal purposes and requests that the service be discontinued because of such illegal use? I think so; and this conclusion finds support in the following cases, among others: McBride v. Western Union Tel. Co., 9 Cir., 1948, 171 F.2d 1, 3, 4; King v. Seamon, Fla., 1952, 59 So.2d 859, 861; Dade County News Dealers Supply Co. v. Florida Railroad & Public Utilities Commission and Dade County News Dealers Supply Co. v. Southern Bell Tel. & Tel. Co., Fla., 1950, 48 So.2d 89, 90; Hagerty v. Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co., 1940, 145 Fla. 51, 199 So. 570; Dente v. New York Telephone Co., Sup., 1944, Westchester County, 55 N.Y.S.2d 688, 690, 691, 692; Application of Manfredonio, 1944, Westchester County, 183 Misc. 770, 52 N.Y.S.2d 392, 393; People ex rel. Restmeyer v. New York Telephone Co., 1916, 173 App.Div. 132, 159 N.Y.S. 369, 370.
In the case of McBride v. Western Union Tel. Co., supra [171 F.2d 3], appellant sought to compel the telegraph company to restore wire service to him. The company based its refusal to restore service on Federal Communication's Tariff Regulation 219(8) which provided as follows:
"`Facilities furnished under this tariff shall not be used for any purpose or in any manner directly or indirectly in violation of any federal law or the laws of any of the states through which the circuits pass or the equipment is located, and the telegraph company reserves the right to discontinue the service to any drop or connection or to all drops and connections when it receives notice from federal or state law enforcing agencies that the service is being supplied contrary to law.'"
The court there said:
"The telegraph company was notified by the Attorney General for California in writing that such illegitimate use of the drops was being made in several cities in California and by the Sheriff of Kern County, California, that such use was being made in the city of Bakersfield, California. McBride does not complain that the places of such illegal misuse are not sufficiently described, but that the statement of the notices of illegal use are not substantiated. We do not agree that the notifying officers are required to supply to the telegraph company the probative facts to be adduced in court in the trial of the cases of violation stated in the notices.
"McBride's complaint contained two causes of action. We can see no essential difference between them. In both he states that the telegraph company should be `required by order of the court to continue to supply plaintiff with such facilities.' (Emphasis supplied.) He contends, however, that his second cause of action requires the telegraph company to disregard the notices of the law enforcement officers because they concern a past wrongdoing and treat it as beginning de novo a litigation for the supplying of the telegraphic and drop services which the company refuses him.
"The effect of such a construction would make nugatory the provisions *262 of Section 219(8). A new illegal use would follow to be stopped only long enough for the bringing of another such suit as here. The process of law violation would continue indefinitely with only minor stoppages by an impotent Attorney General. The telegraph company may rely on the Attorney General's and the county sheriff's notices as sufficient to justify the telegraph company's refusal to restore the services, which, as both complaints describe it, would be a continuing of past services." (Emphasis supplied.)
In Hagerty v. Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co., supra, the Attorney General of the United States advised the telephone company that Hagerty was using the company's facilities to promote lottery schemes in Florida and elsewhere and demanded that the service be discontinued on pain of being held to account for aiding and conspiring in the violation of the Federal anti-lottery laws. The Attorney General of Florida also advised the telephone company that Hagerty "was using its telephone facilities to aid in the maintenance of gambling houses or in the promotion of gambling" contrary to the laws of Florida, and requested that the service be discontinued. In response to these demands, the telephone company notified Hagerty that service would be discontinued. Hagerty thereupon filed his bill in equity and secured a temporary restraining order directed to the company prohibiting it from discontinuing the service. The company filed its answer interposing as a defense its right to discontinue service because of the alleged violation of state and federal laws and the demand made on it by the state and federal prosecuting officers. The trial court upheld the answer of the telephone company. On appeal, the Florida Supreme Court has this to say [145 Fla. 51, 199 So. 571]:
"Here we are concerned with the power of a court of equity to relieve a public service corporation from furnishing a service in the face of a threat of prosecution. * * * The law is well settled that the aid of a court of equity to prevent the discontinuance of telephone service which is being used to facilitate book making in violation of the law or in the promotion of any other gambling scheme or device will not be enforced. * * *
* * * * * *
"We therefore hold that the answer of the Telephone Company presents a good and legal defense to the bill of complaint * * *."
In the later Florida cases of Dade County News Dealers Supply Co. v. Florida Railroad & Public Utilities Commission and Dade County News Dealers Supply Co. v. Southern Bell Tel. & Tel. Co., supra, the Supreme Court of that state held that the telephone company was warranted in discontinuing service to the News Dealers Supply Co. when notified to do so by the Florida Attorney General because such service was being used for unlawful purposes. There under consideration was Rule 1592 of the Commission which became effective on April 1, 1950. Said rule contained the following:
"Whenever any such utility is notified in writing by any state or Federal law enforcement officer acting within his apparent jurisdiction, either directly or through this Commission, that certain telephone or telegraph facilities or any part thereof, are being used or have been used in violation of any Federal law or the laws of the State of Florida, then such utility shall disconnect and remove such facilities and discontinue all telephone and telegraph service rendered over said facilities."
Pursuant to this rule, the telephone company notified the News Dealers Supply Co. that the Attorney General of Florida had demanded that all facilities furnished by the telephone company to said Supply Company be discontinued, and that, therefore, all such services would be terminated. A bill was filed and a temporary restraining order was issued to prevent the telephone company from interfering with the telephone service then being furnished. *263 On hearing in the trial court said restraining order was dissolved and the bill dismissed. On appeal, the Supreme Court of Florida said [48 So.2d 90]:
"The first point for consideration is whether or not appellee, Southern Bell Telephone and Telegraph Company was warranted in discontinuing its telegraph and telephone service to Dade County News Dealers Supply Company when notified to do so by the Attorney General on the ground that it was being used for unlawful purposes.
"We think this question requires an affirmative answer. Chapter 364, Florida Statutes 1941, F.S.A., authorizes the Commission to regulate and control telephone and telegraph companies. Section 364.20 authorizes the Commission to adopt the rule under attack and provides that it shall be reasonable and just and such as ought to have been made in the premises. The rule does no more than enact the law as it existed at the time and there is not the slightest suggestion that the rule is arbitrary or unreasonable or in some other way may work an injustice on the appellant or its patrons. We think the following cases conclude the question: Hagerty v. Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co., 145 Fla. 51, 199 So. 570; Tracy v. Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co., D.C., 37 F.Supp. 829; Hagerty v. Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph Co., D.C., 59 F.Supp. 107; McBride v. Western Union Telegraph Co., 9 Cir., 171 F.2d 1." [Emphasis supplied.]
The opinion in King v. Seamon, supra, discloses that Rule 1592, considered in the Dade County News Dealers Supply Co. Cases, supra, was subsequently enacted into law. In construing such enactment, the court cited with approval the construction of the rule as announced in the Dade County News Dealers Supply Co. Cases, supra.
In Application of Manfredonio, supra, the petitioner's telephone service was discontinued and the telephone removed by the telephone company, acting upon request of the Mt. Vernon Police Department which informed the telephone company that the telephone was being used by petitioner for gambling and bookmaking. Petitioner brought suit for restoration of telephone service. The court said:
"The first question is: Had the telephone company the right to act upon the request of the police department without an independent investigation of its own? The court holds that it was the duty of the respondent to so act, otherwise it might well run the risk of becoming a party to criminal activities and also because sound public policy requires it in the first instance to aid the authorities in their efforts to enforce the law. The police department refuses to rescind its request and the respondent declines to restore the service without such rescission or by order of the court. In this stand the court holds that the telephone company is within its rights."
In the later case of Dente v. New York Telephone Co., supra [55 N.Y.S.2d 689], telephone service was discontinued by the telephone company "after it had received a letter from the Chief Inspector of the Mount Vernon Police Department, the purport of which was, that he had received information from the New York Police Department, with other information, which led him to believe that the telephone in question was being used for an unlawful purpose, to wit, bookmaking, and requested the respondent [telephone company] to forthwith discontinue the service, and not to reinstate the same without the approval of the Police Department." The court said:
"The service was thereupon discontinued, which was taken in accordance with the long established practice of the respondent, namely, to terminate a subscriber's service upon the request of the police, whenever the police claim it is being used allegedly to violate the law, and not to restore the same until *264 the police officials had approved the restoration of the service. * * *
"The question here presented is, was the respondent justified in discontinuing the service upon a mere naked request of the police authorities, without any independent investigation of its own that there was reasonable grounds to believe that the telephone was being used for an unlawful purpose? In other words, was there legal right to refuse petitioner telephone service upon the mere action of the police department objecting to the furnishing of such service, especially where the action of the police department may be arbitrary, unreasonable and discriminatory, and based on mere suspicion? Or does the telephone company have to wait until there has been either a conviction showing the unlawful use of the phone, or some court action on the part of the police authorities? Here, concededly none was taken.
* * * * * *
"The courts of this State have repeatedly given sanction to the basic proposition or rule that where the Police Department has objected to and disapproved of furnishing of telephone service on the ground that it is being used for an unlawful purpose, the telephone company has a legal right to refuse such service. * * *
* * * * * *
"What steps must the telephone company take before discontinuing the service at the request of the Police Department? Must it conduct a separate and independent investigation of its own, for which concededly it has no facilities? Or is it justified in relying upon the representations of the law enforcing authorities that they have information that the phone is being used for unlawful purposes?
"It was conceded upon the argument that if the telephone company had knowledge of its own that one of its phones was being used for an unlawful purpose, then it would be its duty upon its own initiative to discontinue the same. Is the rule different when the company is informed by the law enforcing authorities that the phone is being so used? Does the law require that a telephone company shall at its peril determine the legality of an order of the Police Department directing a telephone service be not restored to premises in which the police have requested a removal of the service for alleged illegal use?
"I am mindful that the position of the respondent may frequently work hardship and injustice, and here the evidence obtained by the Police Department, that the law was being violated, is tenuous.
"Following the memorandum of Mr. Justice Davis of this Department, in Application of Manfredonio, 183 Misc. 770, 52 N.Y.S.2d 392, I hold that the telephone company was within its rights in discontinuing service upon the request of the Police Department without an independent investigation of its own. * * *"
In People ex rel. Restmeyer v. New York Telephone Co., supra, the proceeding was to require the telephone company to furnish telephone service to the relator. The telephone company had removed the telephone from relator's saloon upon complaint of the police authorities that the premises and telephone were being used by the relator in conducting a pool room for receiving and registering bets on horse racing. On the question of whether service should be restored, the court said as follows [173 App.Div. 132, 159 N.Y.S. 370]:
"The affidavit of Officer Beine is quite circumstantial in describing the betting transactions carried on by the relator, and leaves no room for doubt that the relator was persistently violating the law against pool selling and using his telephone as an important factor in that illegal business. Beine is corroborated in every particular by Officer Canfield. In view of these facts *265 the police were justified in regarding the relator's place as an unlawful resort, and their request to the telephone company to discontinue the telephone service therein was entirely proper and in the interest of law and order. It is certainly not an unlawful or oppressive use of police power to interrupt telephone service by arrangement between the police and the telephone company in a case where the telephone is being used, as it was in this case, to carry on a criminal business. Speaking generally, the telephone company is bound to furnish service to all who pay its proper charges and obey its reasonable regulations, but it is not required to furnish such service to those who are reasonably sure to use it for an illegal purpose."
Although there is authority to the contrary, Andrews v. Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co., 1949, D.C.D.C., 83 F.Supp. 966, 968, 969; Giordullo v. Cincinnati & Suburban Bell Telephone Co., Ohio Com. Pl., 1946, 71 N.E.2d 858, 859; People v. Brophy, 1942, 49 Cal.App.2d 15, 120 P.2d 946; Whyte v. New York Telephone Co., Sup., 1947, New York County, 73 N.Y.S.2d 138, 139; Shillitani v. Valentine, 1945, New York County, 184 Misc. 77, 53 N.Y.S.2d 127, 130, 131, 132, 134. I am persuaded that the principle approved in the line of cases hereinbefore discussed is fair, reasonable and practicable and, being in aid of law enforcement, accords with sound public policy. Therefore, I respectfully dissent from the majority holding. It is to be noted that appellant is not without recourse to have her right to telephone service judicially heard and determined. Code 1940, Tit. 48, §§ 57, 63, 79.
LIVINGSTON, C. J., and MERRILL, J., concur in the foregoing opinion.
On Rehearing.
MAYFIELD, Justice.
Counsel for the appellee insist with great vigor that Section 6 of the Constitution of Alabama 1901 affords no protection against an abuse of "due process of law" except in criminal cases. In support of this position they cite the holding of the Supreme Court of Rhode Island in Sepe v. Daneker, 76 R.I. 160, 68 A.2d 101, and Taglianetti v. New England Tel. & Tel. Co., R.I., 1954, 103 A.2d 67, construing a provision of the Rhode Island Constitution similar to art. 1, § 6 of the Alabama Constitution of 1901. Regardless of what position the Supreme Court of Rhode Island may have taken in the interpretation of their own Constitution, the Supreme Court of Alabama has consistently and repeatedly required due process of law in civil, as well as criminal cases. In the civil case of Almon v. Morgan County, 245 Ala. 241, 246, 16 So.2d 511, 515, it was said:
"Procedural due process, broadly speaking, contemplates the rudimentary requirements of fair play, whether in a court or an administrative authority, which include a fair and open hearing before a legally constituted court or other authority, with notice and opportunity to present evidence and argument; representation by counsel, if desired; and information as to the claims of the opposing party, with reasonable opportunity to controvert them. Garrett v. Reid, 244 Ala. 254, 13 So.2d 97; Shields v. Utah Idaho Cent. R. Co., 305 U.S. 177, 59 S.Ct. 160, 83 L.Ed. 111; Morgan v. United States, 304 U.S. 1, 58 S.Ct. 773, 82 L.Ed. 1129; 42 Amer.Jur. 479; Frahn v. Greyling Realization Corp., 239 Ala. 580, 195 So. 758."
In State ex rel. Steele v. Board of Education of Fairfield, 252 Ala. 254, 260, 40 So.2d 689, 695, which was a petition for mandamus, this court, in speaking of an administrative hearing, said:
"While no particular form of procedure is prescribed for such hearings, due process must be observed. Such is the rule generally as to hearings provided for by statute before administrative agencies. (Citing cases.) * * *"
*266 In the case of Zeigler v. South & North Ala. R. R. Company, 58 Ala. 594, 598, 599, Justice Stone said:
"`Due process of law undoubtedly means, in the due course of legal proceedings, according to those rules and forms which have been established for the protection of private rights * * *. They were intended to secure the individual from the arbitrary exercise of the powers of government, unrestrained by the established principles of private rights and distributive justice.'Cooley Cons.Lim. 355.
"Due process of law implies the right of the person affected thereby to be present before the tribunal which pronounces judgment upon the question of life, liberty, or property, in its most comprehensive sense; to be heard, by testimony or otherwise, and to have the right of controverting, by proof, every material fact which bears on the question of right in the matter involved. If any question of fact or liability be conclusively presumed against him, this is not due process of law." [Emphasis supplied.]
The cases of Wise v. Miller, 215 Ala. 660, 111 So. 913; Life & Casualty Ins. Co. of Tennessee v. Womack, 228 Ala. 70, 151 So. 880; Byars v. Town of Boaz, 229 Ala. 22, 155 So. 383; Ridge v. State ex rel. Tate, 206 Ala. 349, 89 So. 742, are all civil cases. In each of these cases, in discussing whether there was or was not a denial of due process, the court assumed as axiomatic that due process of law in civil cases is constitutionally guaranteed in Alabama. In our most recent pronouncement on this subject, in the case of Phillips v. Hinkle, Ala., 78 So.2d 800, 804, decided March 10, 1955, this court quoted the language in Dearborn v. Johnson, 234 Ala. 84, 173 So. 864, 867, as follows:
"`Nor do we think the invalidity of this act is to be rested upon the theory of a denial of due process of law. Our cases recognize, in line with the authorities generally, that the due process clause of the Constitution (section 6) is applicable to tax proceedings, and it was so declared by this court in State Tax Commission v. Bailey & Howard, 179 Ala. 620, 60 So. 913; State Tax Commission v. Tennessee Coal, Iron & R. Co., 206 Ala. 355, 89 So. 179. It only remains to ascertain what is necessary to meet the requirements of due process. * * *'"
While it is true, as argued by appellee's counsel, that art. 1, § 6, Constitution of Alabama 1901, begins "That in all criminal prosecutions, the accused * * *", it must be remembered that in the instant case the supposed justification for removing appellant's telephone was that the appellant was accused of using the telephone for criminal purposes. Art. 1, § 6, supra, continues "nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, except by due process of law; * * *." [Emphasis supplied.]
In addition to the protection afforded appellant by the law of Alabama, the Fourteenth Amendment to the Federal constitution prohibits any State of depriving any person of life, liberty or property without due process of law. Even Rhode Island admits this provision of the Federal Constitution is applicable to civil cases. Notice and hearing, which were denied the appellant before her telephone was summarily removed, are the backbone of due process. The Supreme Court of the United States in the Alabama case of Simon v. Craft, 182 U.S. 427, 21 S.Ct. 836, 45 L.Ed. 1165, said:
"The proceedings in a state court, in order to constitute due process of law under U.S.Const. 14th Amend., need not be by any particular mode, if they constitute a regular course of proceedings in which notice is given of the claim asserted, and an opportunity afforded to defend against it." [Emphasis supplied.]
Eminent counsel for the appellee next argue that due process was not violated *267 because the scope of Title 48, Sections 57, 63 and 79, Code of Alabama 1940, are broad enough to countenance an appeal by the appellant, to the Public Service Commission to have her telephone service restored. By the same token, if the police commissioner's request was based on fact rather than mere suspicion, he had a right to apply to the Public Service Commission for an order directed to the telephone company to discontinue the subscriber's telephone; and thereby afforded the appellant notice and hearing as required by due process in advance of his summary action.
Distinguished counsel for the City of Birmingham says, in his brief amicus curiae:
"We feel that in the fight for law and order and against lawlessness in all forms the courts should not be astute to place obstacles in the way of effective crime prevention by the duly constituted law enforcing agencies, or to deprive such agencies of any rational and effective means of crime prevention."
The same argument might be made on behalf of wire tapping, involuntary confessions, unreasonable search and seizure, and suspension of the writ of habeas corpus. However, it is the experience of the English-speaking people that due process and the other fundamental guarantees of the Bill of Rights are the cornerstone of individual liberty, and that these basic rights can neither be disregarded nor eroded away by the winds of an ever-strengthening executive branch of the government.
The application for rehearing is denied.
SIMPSON and STAKELY, JJ., concur.
LAWSON, J., concurs in the result.
LIVINGSTON, C. J., and GOODWYN and MERRILL, JJ., dissent.
| 2023-12-26T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5877 |
A large number of different types of fixtures are designed for displaying merchandise in stores. Stores often have pegboard walls, slot walls, and/or wire grid walls for supporting and displaying merchandise in addition to various floor fixtures on which merchandise may be placed or hung for display. Various types of brackets are designed for engaging different types of walls and display fixtures for holding the merchandise. Slot walls are provided with vertically spaced horizontal slots. In section, the slots have a "T" shape. Different types of displays are typically secured to the slots using brackets having an offset or "Z" shaped upper edge. The upper edge of the bracket fits into the slot and the bracket is held in place by the edge engaging the slot. Such a bracket is not capable of engaging a wire grid wall or a horizontal hang bar. One type of wire grid wall consists of a grid wires welded together into a grid forming 3 inch squares. The wires typically are up to gauge O, or 0.3065 inch diameter. However, other wire sizes and grid spacings also are used. A common hang bar is a steel bar of about 0.12 inch thick by about 0.5 inch high. The hang bar is horizontally mounted on a wall or on a floor or counter display fixture. Displays which are supported on wire grid walls and hang bars typically include one or more inverted "U" shaped brackets. The brackets generally have a gap sized to closely engage the wire or hang bar. Two different size brackets are used for typical hang bars and wire grid walls. If the bracket is too loose on the wire or on the bar, the display can move and may lack stability. The brackets used for wire grid walls and hang bars have not been suitable for use on slot walls.
One type of retail store display fixture has pairs of spaced horizontal wires. The display fixture may sit on a counter for holding jewelry, for example. The wires may be 11 gauge or smaller, or up to 0.120 inch diameter and may have a spacing in each pair of about 0.5 inch. A greater spacing is provided between the pairs of wires. Jewelry or other small merchandise may be hung on the wires. Or, many brackets designed for engaging a hang bar also may be supported on a wire pair.
In the past, a bracket designed for engaging one type of wall system or display fixture generally was not suitable for use with other types of wall systems, display fixture or hang bars. If a store has displays including, for example, slot walls and either wire grid walls or hang bars, separate sets of brackets were required for use with each. Ira single bracket could be designed for use with multiple types of fixture and wall constructions, the required inventory of brackets would be reduced and the display cost for a store would be reduced. | 2024-02-19T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/1774 |
[Effect of external gamma radiation on shortening the life expectancy and rates of the formation of absorbed doses from incorporated 239Pu in dogs].
External gamma irradiation of dogs with doses of 103.2 and 51.6 mC/kg combined with the effect of inhaled plutonium-239 accelerates the formation of absorbed doses in secondary organs of the radionuclide deposition by 41.7 and 2.4 times, respectively, whereas the dose of 25.8 mC/kg is ineffective. As estimated by the rate of 239Pu accumulation and by the life span shortening, the minimum effective and the maximum ineffective doses are 104.8 and 80.5 cGy and 89.2 and 79.2 cGy, respectively. | 2023-09-26T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4089 |
Factor IXa is a plasma serine protease involved in the regulation of blood coagulation. While blood coagulation is a necessary and important part of the regulation of an organism's homeostasis, abnormal blood coagulation can also have deleterious effects. For instance, thrombosis is the formation or presence of a blood clot inside a blood vessel or cavity of the heart. Such a blood clot can lodge in a blood vessel blocking circulation and inducing a heart attack or stroke. Thromboembolic disorders are the largest cause of mortality and disability in the industrialized world.
Blood coagulation involves three distinct phases: initiation, priming and propagation.1,2,3 Initiation involves binding of tissue factor (TF) to activated factor VII, a circulating coagulation factor. Blood, in general is not exposed to TF which is a transmembrane protein expressed on extravascular cells. Vascular injury causes the TF-bearing cells to be exposed to blood, and initiates the coagulation process.1
The TF/VIIa complex activates factors IX and X.1,4 Factor IXa is relatively unstable in plasma and diffuses toward activated platelets. Factor Xa on the other hand, is unstable in plasma and is rapidly inhibited by TF pathway inhibitor and antithrombin III.1,5,6 Factor Xa binds factor Va on the surface of TF-bearing cells.1.7 In turn, the Xa/Va complex generates a small but sufficient amount of thrombin to cause platelet activation.1,8,9
Thrombin activates platelets and coagulation factors in the priming phase.1,2 Thrombin binds and cleaves platelet protease-activated receptors (PAR1 and PAR4), triggering a signaling cascade that catalyzes platelet activation and release of factor V from platelet α granules. Thrombin also activates factors V, VIII, and XI.1
It is during the propagation phase that thrombin generation is maximized on the surface of platelets. The primed, activated platelets bind the IXa/VIIIa “tenase” complex. Additional IXa is generated by factor XIa on the platelet surface.10 The IXa/VIIIa complex, in physical proximity to Va, recruits factor X to the platelet surface for activation. The Xa/Va complex on the platelet surface is protected from TF pathway inhibitor and antithrombin III.11,12
Enzymology studies have shown that activation of factor X by IXa/VIIIa is nearly 50× more efficient than activation by factor VIIa/TF.13 The platelet Xa/Va complex generates a “burst” of thrombin, resulting in a stable fibrin-platelet clot.1
The cell-based model of coagulation highlights the importance of the IXa/VIIIa complex in clot formation. Factor IXa therefore represents an excellent target for anticoagulant therapy.1 There is a need for effective inhibitors of factor IXa in order to treat or prevent thromboembolic disorders.
Vijaykumar et al., Biorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters (2006), 16 (10), 2796-2799, discloses hydroxy pyrazole based factor IXa inhibitors. | 2023-09-23T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8959 |
‘Quakerism should have consequences’
Nearly 100 Friends from 14 monthly meetings found unity Saturday in their commitment “to being a safe place for the LGBTQ+ community.” The Quaker gathering of worship for the conduct of business formally recognized “that it has not always been a safe place in the past.”
The minute – drafted from the floor and approved after nearly 12 minutes of discussion and edits – was a surprise to some. Just over an hour earlier, before taking a break, acting clerk David Peyton reported to the meeting his sense that there was no clarity or unity: “This meeting is saying we’re not ready. We don’t know what we want to build. Maybe we don’t want to build anything.”
But after the break, A.J. Mendoza acknowledged for the first time in the meeting that there were gender and sexual minorities in the room.
“Every LGBTQ person in this room is perfect – is not sinful.” Mendoza countered the notion some had shared that there isn’t yet unity to stay or to leave Northwest Yearly Meeting, pointing to the fact that gender and sexual minorities don’t get that choice. “To hear people talk about not wanting to move to a new home while I’m sleeping in the street is not good medicine…. I’m asking you to adopt the position of somebody who can’t go back. Quakerism should have consequences.”
Elijah Walker reminded the group that the reason for this gathering is that affirming churches “were forced out of a larger body of churches. A handful of communities said they want to be a safe space. We want to hold that leading in mind.”
After several more shared, a woman highlighted the fact that the feeling in the room changed after the break. “I grew up in church, and I’ve never heard someone declare before a body of believers that ‘God loves you’ as an LGBT person.” The woman said she’s 22 years old, and “I pray that no youth has to go 22 years before hearing in front of a body of believers that God loves them.”
Bernie Bosnjak announced during a potluck supper that Hillsboro Friends would be available for another gathering on Saturday, March 18. That weekend had been set aside for a Portland-area gathering. Bosnjak said anyone interested in helping to plan or host the gathering should contact Forrest Cammack, the clerk of that quarterly meeting.
Clyde Parker extended an invitation to a yearly-meeting-organized gathering at Eugene Friends on Saturday, April 22.
Of the four churches being removed from Northwest Yearly Meeting – Camas, Eugene and West Hills all had representatives at the meeting. A representative from Klamath Falls shared via Facebook that she was unable to make the trip up for this gathering. Friends from the following meetings were also present, although many made clear that they were present as interested individuals, not necessarily as representatives of their meetings:
Bridge City – North Pacific Yearly Meeting
Freedom – independent, unaffiliated
Hillsboro
Newberg
North Seattle
North Valley
Reedwood
Silverton
South Salem
Spokane
Tigard
David Peyton clerked the meeting, and Krissi Carson served as recording clerk. Elders for the meeting were Bernie Bosnjak, Gil George, Lynn Holt, Jim Miller, Greg Morgan, Catherine Olson and Elijah Walker.
Click here for minutes from the meeting. | 2024-05-15T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8088 |
Persistent ovarian masses and pregnancy outcomes.
To determine if persistent ovarian masses in pregnancy are associated with increased adverse outcomes. This is a retrospective cohort of 126 pregnant women with a persistent ovarian mass measuring 5 cm or greater who delivered at two university hospitals between 2001 and 2009. Maternal outcomes included gestational age (GA) at diagnosis, delivery and surgery as well as miscarriage, preterm birth (PTB), ovarian torsion and hospital admission for pain. Neonatal outcomes included birth weight, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), intra-ventricular hemorrhage (IVH), death and sepsis. A total of 1225 ovarian masses were identified (4.9%) in 24,868 patients. A persistent ovarian mass was found in 0.7%. Average GA at diagnosis was 17.8 weeks. Miscarriage rate was 3.3%. Average GA at delivery was 37.9 weeks. Of the patients, 8.5% had ovarian torsion, 10.3% had admission for pain and 9.3% had PTBs. The mean cesarean delivery rate was 46.3%. The average neonatal weight was 3273 g. There was one neonatal death in this cohort. The rate of RDS was 2.8%, IVH 0.9% and neonatal sepsis 1.9%. The most common surgical pathologic diagnosis was dermoids (37.6%). No overt malignancies were seen. A persistent ovarian mass in pregnancy does not confer an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. | 2024-03-23T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4056 |
Pure Nature A800 rom for lenovo A800 This rom is compiled of official Lenovo roms, Lenmica Rom and few files from other ported Roms.Update – Fix Lost Gallery for v1.2 – 25/01/2014Just flash in Recovery.Update v1.2 – 16/01/2014– Replace Camera from Lenmica Rom – Camera 4.3 have bug in gallery – crash when you open […] | 2024-07-05T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/1266 |
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Encoding: 68581 -1 3329
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Flags: HW
AnchorPoint: "TashkilBelow" 238 -327 basechar 0
AnchorPoint: "TashkilAbove" 213 801 basechar 0
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| 2023-08-31T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5883 |
Economic Watch; Debate on Puerto Rico's Future Has a Bottom Line
This is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996.
To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them.
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If President Bush and Gov. Rafael Hernandez Colon have their way, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico will get the chance next year to vote on joining the Union or casting it off forever.
For many supporters of a binding referendum, the principle of free choice matters more than the choice that will be offered among the three alternatives: statehood, independence and retention of commonwealth status. And as enabling legislation inches its way through e Congress and the debate in Puerto Rico builds momentum, practical questions of jobs and government benefits, not national or cultural integrity, are looming largest.
''Only in Puerto Rico,'' said John Stewart, a consultant to the commonwealth's Economic Development Administration, ''do the taxi drivers refer to sections of the Federal tax code by their numbers.''
Effects Would Be Momentous
The economic consequences of a change in political status would be momentous for the island's 3.4 million inhabitants.
Statehood would make Puerto Ricans eligible for billions of dollars more a year in food stamps, medical insurance and income support payments, and this might explain why statehood narrowly leads the commonwealth option in early polls.
But even advocates of statehood or independence concede that under either option the loss of Federal tax benefits linked by law to commonwealth status would lead to an initial decline in employment and would force sharp cutbacks in the size and reach of local government. Computer simulations by the Congressional Budget Office suggest that growth would be slowed one to two percentage points a year into the foreseeable future.
The best hope in the long run, economists on all sides seem to agree, is that statehood or independence would shatter the sense of Puerto Rico as an economic appendage of the United States, stimulating the savings and enterprise that are needed to break the island free of its dependency.
Puerto Rico's commonwealth status carries with it a unique package of privilege and penalty. Its residents cannot vote in Presidential elections. Nor are they entitled to all the social benefits available to residents of the 50 states.
Current Benefits
But Puerto Ricans are American citizens, free to live where they choose. If they live in Puerto Rico, they pay no Federal income tax. And under a benefit that is crucial to the island's economy, subsidiaries of American businesses in Puerto Rico enjoy unrestricted access to American markets but pay no Federal taxes on profits.
That benefit (Section 936 of the United States Tax Code) and the commonwealth's own generous tax incentives for new businesses have induced hundreds of manufacturers to build plants in Puerto Rico. Most are makers of pharmaceuticals, chemicals and electronics equipment, industries that are well positioned to transfer to their island subsidiaries the profits they earn on the mainland from intangible assets like patents and trademarks. And as a result of this encouragement of highly automated industries, relatively few jobs have been created for each dollar of investment.
But so many tax-sheltered investment dollars have been attracted to the island that the overall effect on the size and shape of the Puerto Rican economy has been enormous. Output per person grew at a remarkable 5 percent a year in the 1950's and 60's. The rate of growth plunged to about 1 percent in the mid-1970's after the virtual collapse of the island's tax-sheltered oil refining industry, but it has picked up to 3.6 percent over the last five years.
The overall economic performance, supplemented by substantial infusions of Federal aid and borrowed capital for improvements, has been superb. The densely populated, resource-poor island now enjoys a living standard far above that of any Caribbean or Latin American nation.
The catch, says Bernard Wasow, an economist at New York University, is that the Puerto Rican economy has been cultivated as a fragile orchid, seemingly incapable of blossoming outside the Federal hothouse. Manufacturing, virtually all of it free from Federal corporate taxes, accounts for 40 percent of its output, while agricultural production accounts for only 1.5 percent, far below the level one might expect to find in the tropics.
Labor Costs Are High
And labor is in great oversupply on the island. But Mr. Stewart says the effects of Federal minimum wage laws, which have kept worker compensation high by island standards, and the unlimited right of workers to move to the mainland, where they are drawn by higher salaries and greater diversity in employment, have kept labor costs close to levels in the United States. Per capita output in Puerto Rico is two-thirds that of Singapore, Mr. Stewart notes, but worker compensation is twice as high. This discourages the growth of labor-intensive industries, like tourism and apparel, that might absorb excess workers.
Not surprisingly, elected officials in the commonwealth are under chronic pressure to provide the well-paying jobs that private employers cannot. One in four Puerto Rican workers is employed by the Government, and at a cost that Puerto Rico would be hard pressed to cover without Federal aid and tax revenue from the corporations on the island drawn there by the tax breaks.
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Either change in status contemplated in the referendum would upset this equilibrium. The Congressional Budget Office confirms that under statehood, Federal aid to individuals would increase to $5 billion by 1995 from $2 billion now, and would provide about one-third of the island's personal income.
The loss of preferred tax status for corporations could prove devastating to the productive economy. The Congressional Budget Office asserts that without the tax incentives, manufacturers would scale back investment in their plants by one-third to one-half. As a result, the rate of economic growth would slow, increasing unemployment by four to seven percentage points by the year 2000. KMPG Peat Marwick, a consulting firm working for partisans of the commonwealth option, predicts that 145,000 jobs, or one in six, would be lost.
Many supporters of the statehood option concede that there would be disruptions in manufacturing, but they believe that the losses would be made up quickly by businesses attracted by the opportunity of expanding into the 51st state.
But if they are wrong, Puerto Rico's economic problems would multiply.
Cutbacks in the Offing
Any reduction in Section 936 profits or wage income would cut into Puerto Rico's tax revenue and its ability to borrow capital for development. Under statehood, it could not easily make up the loss by raising the personal income tax. Indeed, there would be pressure to reduce tax rates because middle- and upper-income families would be required to pay Federal taxes for the first time.
Consequently, says Jose Villamil, a private economic consultant in San Juan, the government would be forced to cut back. That need not be a bad thing, even in the eyes of statehood proponents. Michael McKee, a Washington-based consultant to the party that supports statehood, sees benefits in a sell-off of money-losing enterprises owned by the commonwealth. But there is little doubt that jobs would be lost.
Forming an independent nation would also mean the phasing out of Federal aid. And without Federal money, Mr. Wasow, the New York University economist, said, ''Puerto Rico could become the inner city of the Caribbean.'' Moreover, the new nation could have serious problems in replacing the capital now being borrowed from Wall Street or in attracting companies like those lured there by tax incentives.
The Congressional Budget Office estimates that the cost of borrowed capital would rise by at least two percentage points, because interest on the bonds of an independent Puerto Rico would be fully taxable to American investors.
Puerto Rico would become eligible for help from the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank. But the line for assistance is already long, and with the breakup of the Soviet empire, it is likely to get much longer.
Independence's Edge
But an independent Puerto Rico would have a significant edge over a Puerto Rican state in attracting corporate investment. United States law gives American companies a $1 tax credit for every dollar they pay in foreign taxes. So if Puerto Rico were to set its tax equal to the Federal rate and then plow much of the revenue into subsidies that made the island a more attractive place to operate, it might win a corporate following.
But Mr. Stewart, the commonwealth's consultant on development, is skeptical. If that strategy is so promising, he asked, ''Why don't other third world countries try it?'' Most, he notes, can already offer foreign corporations the advantage of far lower labor costs.
The strongest economic cases for statehood and independence rest on the idea that the Puerto Rican economy must change radically to achieve its potential. Partisans of statehood make much of the intangible benefits of stability conferred by full partnership in the Union. A more mixed blessing might be the harsh lesson in modern capitalism, as Puerto Ricans discovered that local government could no longer afford to be the employer of last resort, and that tax breaks could no longer substitute for entrepreneurial spirit in creating good jobs.
What applies to statehood applies in spades to independence. ''Instead of being a rich Caribbean country,'' Mr. Wasow said, Puerto Ricans now think of the island ''as a poor part of the U.S.''
Were the island to go it alone, Puerto Ricans might be willing to make the sacrifices that have permitted nations like South Korea and Singapore to make the leap into self-sustained growth. Specifically, they might accept lower wages to increase employment and become competitive internationally. They might also curtail consumption to pay for the capital that now comes entirely from Wall Street and the Federal Government.
''Statehood or independence could have big payoffs 15 years down the road, but the risks are enormous'' Mr. Villamil said. ''Commonwealth is a safe bet.''
A version of this article appears in print on May 15, 1990, on Page A00018 of the National edition with the headline: Economic Watch; Debate on Puerto Rico's Future Has a Bottom Line. Order Reprints|Today's Paper|Subscribe | 2024-05-01T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6036 |
4/21/2005
Sci Fi Wire -- The News Service of the Sci Fi Channel: "Blade: Trinity star Wesley Snipes has sued New Line Cinema, writer-director David Goyer and executive producer Toby Emmerich in a wide-ranging federal lawsuit seeking more than $5 million in damages, Variety reported. In the suit, filed April 18 in U.S. District Court in Los Angeles, Snipes alleges that, in violation of his contract, the director, screenplay and supporting cast of Blade: Trinity were forced on him. He also claims he's still owed a portion of his fee and that he was harassed and defamed because of his race, the trade paper reported. New Line declined to comment to Variety.
" | 2024-03-27T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8082 |
Voters will face a maze of new requirements in November
Oskar Mosco, 35, traveled from Santa Barbara, California, to protest in front of the Republican National Convention in Cleveland. Protesters gathered in Public Square throughout the week. Mosco doesn’t support Donald Trump or Hillary Clinton for president. He felt that both candidates do not represent what the majority of Americans want in a president. (Emily L. Mahoney/News21)
By Emily L. Mahoney | News21. Published Aug. 20, 2016.
CINCINNATI — With the presidential election less than three months away, millions of Americans will be navigating new requirements for voting – if they can vote at all – as state leaders implement dozens of new restrictions that could make it more difficult to cast a ballot.
Since the last presidential election in 2012, politicians in 20 states passed 37 different new voting requirements that they said were needed to prevent voter fraud, a News21 analysis found. More than a third of those changes require voters to show specified government-issued photo IDs at the polls or reduce the number of acceptable IDs required by pre-existing laws.
“We have two world views: the people that think voter fraud is rampant and the people who want to push the narrative that it’s hard to vote. The bottom line is neither is true,” said Republican Ohio Secretary of State Jon Husted, who has been sued several times over his state’s removal of some voters from the registration rolls, elimination of same-day registration and curbs to early voting. “I believe that both political parties are trying to push a narrative that suits their agenda.”
Adding to the uncertainty for millions of voters, not all the changes may be in place for the November election because some were limited or overturned by court decisions still subject to appeal.
A Donald Trump campaign sign and Ohio state flag decorate the backyard of Kathy Miller, the Mahoning County chairwoman for Trump, in Boardman, Ohio. Miller is leading a grassroots movement encouraging Democratic voters to vote for Trump in November’s general election. (Emily Mills/News21)
The Hancock County courthouse is in the county seat of Sparta, Georgia. Across from the courthouse a Confederate flag is wedged into the bricks of the Civil War memorial dedicated to those who served in the Confederacy. Sparta’s population is nearly 80 percent black. (Roman Knertser/News21)
A Donald Trump campaign sign and Ohio state flag decorate the backyard of Kathy Miller, the Mahoning County chairwoman for Trump, in Boardman, Ohio. Miller is leading a grassroots movement encouraging Democratic voters to vote for Trump in November’s general election. (Emily Mills/News21)
The Hancock County courthouse is in the county seat of Sparta, Georgia. Across from the courthouse a Confederate flag is wedged into the bricks of the Civil War memorial dedicated to those who served in the Confederacy. Sparta’s population is nearly 80 percent black. (Roman Knertser/News21)
The new voting requirements, enacted in states mostly in the South and Midwest, were nine times more likely to have been passed by Republican legislatures than those controlled by Democrats, and almost five times more likely to have been signed by a GOP governor, the News21 analysis found.
In addition to requiring voter ID, they reduced the number of days voters can cast ballots in person before Election Day, placed new restrictions on voter registration drives, eliminated opportunities to register and vote on the same day, or moved up deadlines to register and still vote on Election Day. Republican-controlled Texas and Wisconsin passed the strictest voter ID laws, while North Carolina and Ohio are among those that eliminated same-day registration and reduced early voting days.
“These laws can be explained by partisanship and by race,” said Wendy Weiser, director of the Democracy Program at the Brennan Center for Justice, a legal civil rights advocacy group. “It’s hard to reconcile these actual laws with the stated purpose. The more reasonable and likely explanation is political self-interest. Voting laws are a way to restrict voters you think are more likely to vote for the other side.”
Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker, an early 2016 Republican presidential candidate, told News21 that such criticisms are unfair. “It’s a discriminatory statement to say that in today’s society, people regardless of race or status aren’t able to get photo ID, particularly when the state provides it for free,” he said. Days earlier, a federal court ruled that, for the November election, Wisconsin must offer those without photo ID the option of signing an affidavit swearing to their identity, a decision that was later overturned by a federal appeals court.
Those were part of a flurry of court rulings in late July and early August that struck down, weakened or altered new voting requirements in Wisconsin, Texas, North Carolina and North Dakota because, the courts concluded, the laws would disenfranchise people of color. In some cases, judges ruled that the laws’ discriminatory effect was intentional.
By contrast, some Democrat-controlled states, mostly in the West and New England, have passed laws that gave voters the option to register every time they walk in to a motor vehicles office or at the polls on Election Day, made it easier to vote early or have converted their elections to entirely vote-by-mail.
The Two Lights Lighthouse sits above the rocky cliffs in Cape Elizabeth, Maine. The building is still an active lighthouse, though only the eastern light is used today. Maine and Vermont are the only states where felons never lose their right to vote, even while incarcerated. (Roman Knertser/News21)
Republican state leaders and conservative advocates of voter ID and other new requirements have insisted that they are necessary to prevent voter fraud and protect the integrity of elections. But a 2012 News21 50-state analysis of cases since 2000 found that the rate of voter fraud is infinitesimal compared with the total number of voters nationwide and that in-person voter impersonation on Election Day — the type of fraud voter that photo ID is designed to prevent — is virtually nonexistent. A 2016 update, in which News21 revisited five sample states that enacted new voting requirements to reduce fraud, again found few convictions for voter fraud and none for voter impersonation.
The ongoing political and legal wars over voting rights date to the mid-2000s, when the first new state voting requirements were enacted. Their number greatly increased after the 2010 off-year election, in which Republicans more than doubled the number of states they controlled – from nine to 20 – with majorities in state legislatures and the governor's party, according to a News21 analysis of data from the National Conference of State Legislatures. Democrats, by comparison, lost control of five states, going from 16 to 11. Party control remained divided in the other states.
A 2014 study by the U.S. Government Accountability Office found that laws requiring specific kinds of voter ID in Kansas and Tennessee depressed voter turnout in those states in 2012, with African-Americans and young voters disproportionately affected. Ten state-specific and nationwide studies within the GAO report found that African-Americans and Latinos were always less likely to have the required voter ID than whites, and Native Americans and Asian-Americans were frequently at a similar disadvantage.
David Castorena, 24, of Chandler, Arizona, stands in the street of a small, largely Latino community in Arizona where he attends church. Castorena said he does not plan to vote in the November election because he thinks Donald Trump will win either way. (Roman Knertser/News21)
Brittany Middlebrooks, 26, is part of the grassroots Amos Project in Cincinnati. The group works to combat recent name removals from voter registration lists. Middlebrooks was diagnosed with lupus, which makes it hard for her to walk, but her passion and dedication for her work pushes her to get out and help her fellow voters in Washington Park. (Roman Knertser/News21)
Wahoua Vue, president of the Hmong 18 Council Inc., stands outside of the Hmong festival in St. Paul, Minnesota. The council began as a nonprofit group focused on community culture, but it also is educating Hmong people about voting. (Phillip Jackson/News21)
Mikah Carlos studies at Arizona State University and lives in the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community. She said a poll worker refused to let her use her tribal ID to vote in a recent election in Arizona. (Roman Knertser/News21)
David Castorena, 24, of Chandler, Arizona, stands in the street of a small, largely Latino community in Arizona where he attends church. Castorena said he does not plan to vote in the November election because he thinks Donald Trump will win either way. (Roman Knertser/News21)
Brittany Middlebrooks, 26, is part of the grassroots Amos Project in Cincinnati. The group works to combat recent name removals from voter registration lists. Middlebrooks was diagnosed with lupus, which makes it hard for her to walk, but her passion and dedication for her work pushes her to get out and help her fellow voters in Washington Park. (Roman Knertser/News21)
Wahoua Vue, president of the Hmong 18 Council Inc., stands outside of the Hmong festival in St. Paul, Minnesota. The council began as a nonprofit group focused on community culture, but it also is educating Hmong people about voting. (Phillip Jackson/News21)
Mikah Carlos studies at Arizona State University and lives in the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community. She said a poll worker refused to let her use her tribal ID to vote in a recent election in Arizona. (Roman Knertser/News21)
The National Commission on Voting Rights, a civil rights advocacy group, similarly contended in a 2014 report that minority populations were more likely to be disenfranchised by voter ID requirements and reductions in early voting and same-day registration, new restrictions for voter registration drives and limits on the restoration of voting rights for felons who have served their sentences.
Richard Hasen, an expert in voting law trends and a professor of political science and law at the University of California, Irvine, told News21 he believes the nation is now at a turning point because of the recent court decisions overturning new voting requirements in some states.
“In the past, courts seemed to be divided on partisan and ideological lines on how to approach these cases, but in 2012 and now in 2016 we see the courts becoming skeptical of what appears to me to be Republican overreaches in making it harder to register and to vote,” he said. The court decisions could deter more states from instituting similar laws, Hasen added, because “it signals they are not going to have an easy path.”
However, a June 2016 report by a collection of civil rights advocacy groups, including the ACLU and the NAACP, cited problems with minority and low-income voter access in the presidential primaries of several states that had implemented new voting requirements. These “warning signs,” the groups said, indicated that the new laws could still affect the outcome of November’s presidential election.
In Ohio, for example, recent changes to voter ID requirements, same-day registration and early voting could affect a tight election, according to Melissa Miller, a political science professor at Bowling Green State University. “The question becomes what kinds of changes to voter laws make it easier versus harder for those who don’t tend to vote,” Miller said. “I think the effects tend to be marginal, but occasionally you’ll get an election like 2000 where a particular swing state — in that year it happened to be Florida, it could be Ohio in 2016 — where the result may be very, very close.”
As Shelby County’s attorney in Alabama, Frank “Butch” Ellis successfully sued the U.S. Department of Justice over provisions of the Voting Rights Act that prevented certain states, primarily in the South, from passing voter laws without approval from the DOJ. (Produced by Pinar Istek/News21)
Some states put new voting requirements in place only after the 2013 U.S. Supreme Court decision in the Shelby County v. Holder case negated the provision in the 1965 Voting Rights Act that required them to clear such changes in advance with the U.S. Justice Department. For example, Texas enacted one of the strictest photo ID laws in the country in 2011, only to have its implementation blocked by the federal government. But on the same day in 2013 on which the Shelby County decision was handed down, state officials announced that the ID law would finally be enforced. While it has since been ruled to be discriminatory four times by federal courts, it was kept in place while the state appealed those decisions.
“We think it’s perfectly reasonable when you need to show a photo to pick up your kids from school, sometimes to pick up your pet from the kennel, that it’s OK to show a photo to prove that you are the person who is voting,” Republican Texas Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick, a co-author of the voter ID law, told News21.
The plaintiffs in the Texas court case argued that the law amounts to a modern poll tax because many voters without photo ID are low-income people who, without driver’s licenses, faced trips of 90 minutes or more via public transportation to government offices to pay for and obtain the required forms of ID.
It wasn’t until July 2016 that another appellate ruling kicked the case back to a lower court to determine ways to make it easier for Texans without ID to vote, after the court found that more than 600,000 lacked the required ID. Then, for the November election, the plaintiffs and the state reached an agreement to allow people without ID to have their votes count if they sign a sworn statement.
On Aug. 1, a federal judge blocked a strict photo ID law in North Dakota from being enforced for the November election. The judge concluded that the state’s 2013 law, which only allowed four types of acceptable government-issued ID, would cause undue burdens for Native Americans, especially when “voter fraud in North Dakota has been virtually non-existent.”
After the Shelby County decision, North Carolina’s Republican-majority Legislature passed legislation that eliminated same-day registration, required a photo ID to vote and reduced the number of early voting days, eliminating one of the two Sundays for it. Early voting has been popular among African-Americans in the South, including the “souls to the polls” tradition of going to the polls together after church services on the Sundays leading up to Election Day.
The North Carolina law was struck down in July, when the 4th Circuit Court of Appeals concluded that its provisions “target African-Americans with almost surgical precision,” noting that they are “disproportionately Democratic.” Eliminating one of the Sundays for early voting “comes as close to a smoking gun as we are likely to see in modern times,” the appellate court said.
In the months following Shelby County v. Holder, North Carolina lawmakers passed an extensive voting rights bill known as the “monster law.” Residents of Durham share their stories about how these laws affected their voting rights and the community as a whole. (Produced by Taylor Gilmore/News21)
North Carolina state Sen. Ron Rabin, who helped pass the law, told News21 that it still allowed 10 days of early voting and that same-day registration caused voter confusion. “Let people be responsible for themselves once in a while and what their duties are as a citizen,” Rabin said, “as opposed to keep trying to spoon-feed them everything, or give them everything.”
The Shelby County decision also undermined the Justice Department program that had monitored elections in states and localities previously covered under the Voting Rights Act. Now, Justice can only send observers to where they are ordered by a federal court. Otherwise they must get local permission to enter polling places. There are just seven counties or cities in five states that will fall under court-ordered observation for the November election, according to a Justice spokesman, compared with the 11 states where observers formerly had authority under the Voting Rights Act because of a history of discrimination.
In downtown Sparta, Georgia, a man drives through the center of town in his truck. Sparta is embroiled in a lawsuit over the recent removal of names from voter registration rolls. Last year, the county board of elections sent teams door to door asking residents if their neighbors still lived next door. (Roman Knertser/News21)
Steven H. Wright, a federal observer coordinator for the Department of Justice from 2007 until 2012, said this will leave a “gaping hole” in the government’s ability to investigate and sue over unjust election practices. “If you call a polling place and you ask, ‘Are you complying with federal law?’ they're going to say, ‘Yes,’ because no one is going to admit they're violating federal law. The only way (to make sure) is to have people in the polls,” he said. “If you're concerned about voter fraud the only way you can verify that happens is through federal observers. And likewise, if you’re concerned about people being turned away, the observers are going to see that.”
Rep. Marc Veasey, D-Texas, announced in May that he, along with other Democrats, were forming the Congressional Voting Rights Caucus to kick-start support for a Democrat-proposed bill to revitalize the Voting Rights Act. So far, no Republicans have joined the caucus.
“You look at some of the things that happened after the 1960s and after the Civil Rights Movement and after the Voting Rights Act, we’ve made lots of gains, lots of strides, but there’s definitely been, sadly, some things Republicans have done to scale back that momentum,” Veasey told News21. “There’s a lot of work we still have to do.”
Methodology:
Although more than 1,400 election-related laws have been passed across the country since 2012, along with countless nonlegislative procedure changes such as executive orders, News21 arrived at 37 new requirements based on predetermined categories found to most affect voting access and which are often repeated in multiple states. Not all 37 of these changes are still in effect, as courts have sometimes ruled a state could not continue to enforce certain rules based on their effect on voting access, or at least forced a state to weaken the original provision.
Louis A. “Chip” Weil Fellow
Emily Mahoney is a master’s degree student at the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication, where she also received her bachelor’s degree. She has investigated asset forfeiture use by Arizona law enforcement and reported from Mexico, Hungary and Slovakia as part of the borderlands program. Her stories have been published in USA Today and The Arizona Republic. | 2023-08-12T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4183 |
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Samantha's Way
NINA PETRARCA519 TRIPPS CORNER ROAD, EXETER, RI 02822
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- SAMANTHA'S WAY WILL SERVE AS A ORGANIZATION WHICH CONDUCTS HUMANITARIAN WORK IN THE UNITED STATES AND GLOBALLY, PROMOTES COMMUNITY SERVICE AND RAISES AWARENESS AND FUNDING FOR CHARITIES IN THE U.S AND IMPOVERISHED COUNTRIES WORLDWIDE. IT WILL ALSO OFFER SCHOLARSHIPS TO STUDENTS WHO EXCEL IN CHARITY WORK, SCIENCE AND THE ARTS IN THE STATE OF RHODE ISLAND.
Samantha's Way
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- SAMANTHA'S WAY WILL SERVE AS A ORGANIZATION WHICH CONDUCTS HUMANITARIAN WORK IN THE UNITED STATES AND GLOBALLY, PROMOTES COMMUNITY SERVICE AND RAISES AWARENESS AND FUNDING FOR CHARITIES IN THE U.S AND IMPOVERISHED COUNTRIES WORLDWIDE. IT WILL ALSO OFFER SCHOLARSHIPS TO STUDENTS WHO EXCEL IN CHARITY WORK, SCIENCE AND THE ARTS IN THE STATE OF RHODE ISLAND.
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Business Women nominations are now open. Nominate women who are Leaders in their field, and Women to Watch, who have potential to be tomorrow's leaders. And, tell us of Career Achievers and Great Mentors! Deadline April 17th.
Get the most up-to-date data on the Rhode Island and southern Massachusetts business community from the PBN List Center. Download and purchase PBN Lists as well as the complete Book of Lists in Excel format. | 2023-09-15T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/7551 |
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It has been pointed out already in what respect we are free to call an improvement in the quality and an increase in the quantity of products economic progress. If we apply this yardstick to the various phases of the cyclical fluctuations of business, we must call the boom retrogression and the depression progress. The boom squanders through malinvestment scarce factors of production and reduces the stock available through overconsumption; its alleged blessings are paid for by impoverishment. The depression, on the other hand, is the way back to a state of affairs in which all factors of production are employed for the best possible satisfaction of the most urgent needs of the consumers. | 2023-12-19T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3462 |
Oral administration of inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors reduces nitric oxide synthesis but has no effect on the severity of experimental colitis.
Increased concentrations of nitrate and nitrite (the breakdown products of nitric oxide) in the serum and faeces of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) suggests that increased synthesis of nitric oxide occurs in IBD. The aim of this study was to assess aminoguanidine (AMG), a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase, with regard to its effectiveness as a nitric oxide inhibitor and as a modulator of inflammation in trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. Colitis was induced in Wistar rats. Selective (AMG) and non-selective (1-nitroso-arginine methyl ester (1-NAME)) inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase were given in the drinking water. Colonic citrulline and arginine concentrations were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The severity of colitis was assessed by a macroscopic scoring system. Both 1-NAME and AMG successfully reduced nitric oxide synthesis. There was no evidence of substrate depletion in the colonic wall. Neither of the agents reduced the severity of colonic inflammation. Oral administration of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors reduced nitric oxide synthesis in the colonic wall. This study does not provide evidence to support a role for nitric oxide in the pathogenesis of colonic inflammation in TNBS colitis. | 2024-06-09T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/9848 |
The Swedish domestic security agency has noted a rising "xenophobic and radical nationalist current" in Sweden, also alerting to budding approaches between the white power movement and unorganized xenophobic groups.
The agency, known as SAPO, says these groups, which are active online, "can become a driving force for individuals to commit xenophobic offenses."
SAPO didn't name any groups, but listed the trend among "seven threats against Sweden in the coming year" in its annual report presented Thursday.
Other threats included Russia — whose "antagonistic intention has the greatest consequence for Sweden's security"— propaganda, the overall terror threat from radical Islamists, technology development and the "changing abilities" of the United States, resulting in "less predictability in international relationships."
SAPO said Russia, China and Iran are increasingly conducting intelligence activities in Sweden. | 2024-04-23T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/9064 |
Diablo III – Greyhollow Island preview trailer
Get a first look at our latest Adventure Mode exclusive zone, Greyhollow Island! This cursed, forested land is stepped in mystery and devoid of civilized life. Can you uncover the secrets of this isle and survive its madness? | 2024-05-02T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8331 |
Deutsche Bank's Succession Plans Are In Shambles -- Look At Who They're Considering
Josef Ackerman intends to step down as Deutsche Bank's CEO no later than 2013, and a major wrench just got thrown into successful plans.
The odds-on favorite of many was Bundesbank President Axel Weber, but then he shocked everyone and took over the reins at UBS this April.
Many now believe that the clear-cut choice would be the head of the corporate and investment banks, Anshu Jain, but there is also widespread belief that the fact Jain is not German (he is from India) will cause Deutsche Bank officials to chose a native successor or make Jain co-CEO with another.
We've compiled a list of the front-runners, provided background, listed the pros and cons, and provided some odds.
Pros: Loyal employee that has proven himself consistently as he has risen through the internal ranks. As youngest member of Management Board, his appointment would signal a commitment to the bank's ongoing evolution.
Cons: He's the youngest member of the board and might lack the seasoning. Could be turned to in the future.
Pros: Fitschen is an institution within Deutsche Bank and has the kind of far-reaching relationships both within and without the bank that will be necessary for a new chairman. He is also heading the search committee for the new chairman.
Cons: At 62, he is close to retirement and considered too old by many inside the bank. He is also rumored to be not terribly popular amongst younger executives at Deutsche Bank.
Fun fact: Fitschen met his wife while on assignment for Deutsche Bank in Asia during the 1980's. | 2024-02-04T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/2749 |
framework module A {
header "a.h"
module Pirate {}
export *
}
| 2024-03-03T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5214 |
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Author explores belief and remaking habit loops
THE POWER OF HABIT: WHY WE DO WHAT WE DO IN LIFE AND BUSINESSBy Charles DuhiggPublished by Random House, $28
Have you ever left home on your day off and, after a moment of distraction, found yourself driving to work? This is the “habit loop” in action.
Have you ever struggled against any bad habit that left you feeling powerless? In The Power of Habit, Charles Duhigg, a New York Times investigative reporter, seeks to understand exactly how habits work and how we can control them.
He divides the book into three sections: the individual, organizations and societies. Although many of the stories are inspirational, Duhigg isn’t just interested in the positive effects of habits. He also weaves together the fascinating, sometimes heartbreaking stories of people who fought but didn’t succeed in changing destructive habits.
What exactly is a habit and how much control do habits have over our lives? Duhigg seeks an answer to these questions where one might expect, the cutting edge of brain science. In particular, he traces scientists’ efforts to understand how some people seem to retain memory in spite of having the memory-critical areas of their brains destroyed by accident or disease.
What emerges is that persistent “habit loop,” the process by which the brain learns to repeat an action in an automatic way. Over time, what begins as a choice requiring thought and mental effort becomes an unconscious pattern, in other words, a habit. I can remember the intense concentration learning to drive required and now it is effortless.
Duhigg uses this insight to develop the thesis that if we understand how habits work we can change them. He describes how companies have already used this knowledge to subtly influence consumers’ buying habits and sometimes create new ones. Claude Hopkins created one such habit when he got millions of Americans to brush their teeth every morning and made million of dollars by getting them to do so with Pepsodent.
When Duhigg describes how existing habits can be remade, he illustrates his point by tracing the story of Tony Dungy’s success. It is perhaps a bit surprising that the first African-American coach to win a Super Bowl and the only coach to make it to the playoffs 10 years in a row attributes his achievement to remaking habits and “belief.” Here the book veers away from science and toward an even more surprising conclusion.
But to get there, Duhigg first tells the story of Bill Wilson and Alcoholics Anonymous. As the author points out, AA’s methods have almost no grounding in science and yet millions credit the program with saving their lives. How can this be explained? Here, Duhigg picks up a common thread between the inner workings of AA and Dungy’s football teams that leads directly to the most provocative idea in the book: Faith is the key to changing habits. Duhigg argues that in both cases faith is essential to the process.
This is immediately evident in AA’s 12-step program. Seven of the steps mention God or spirituality directly and step three illustrates the depth of commitment required, “[We] made a decision to turn our will and our lives over to the care of God as we understood Him.”
When researchers began looking for a correlation between religious belief and how long people stayed sober, they uncovered an astonishing pattern. Simply identifying triggers and replacing habits worked most of the time until a stressful event occurred and individuals began drinking again. Those who believed a higher power had entered their lives, however, were more likely to stay sober.
Duhigg concludes, based on this and other evidence, that faith is the key to making new habits permanent. He also argues persuasively that the positive effects of faith spill over into other aspects of people’s lives as they come to believe not just in a higher power but in themselves.
The book takes up other fascinating stories, of Olympian Michael Phelps, Starbucks CEO Howard Schultz, and civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. In each, belief plays a critical role. Duhigg explores the inner workings of large organizations, such as Procter & Gamble, Target and Rick Warren’s Saddleback Church. In these examples, too, success is more about understanding and transforming habits than personal belief.
The author closes with his own experiments in habit change designed to help him lose weight. He invites the reader to take a second look at the routines of daily life, confident in the power to change them.
I did just that when I finished the book. I’ve learned from my own experiments that this is more than a self-help book and that Duhigg is clearly on to something. This book will be very successful and I highly recommend it.
[Julien Carriere is assistant professor of French and Italian at Bellarmine University in Louisville, Ky.]
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REMARKABLE PROGRESS MADE BY NEPAL TOWARDS PEACE, DEMOCRACY, BUT SUSTAINED SUPPORT OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY NEEDED, SECURITY COUNCIL TOLD
REMARKABLE PROGRESS MADE BY NEPAL TOWARDS PEACE, DEMOCRACY, BUT SUSTAINED SUPPORT OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY NEEDED, SECURITY COUNCIL TOLD
7 November 2008
Security Council
SC/9495
Department of Public Information • News and Media Division • New York
Security Council
6013th Meeting (PM)
REMARKABLE PROGRESS MADE BY NEPAL TOWARDS PEACE, DEMOCRACY, BUT SUSTAINED
SUPPORT OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY NEEDED, SECURITY COUNCIL TOLD
Special Representative Says Mission Might Need Extension Beyond
23 January 2009 to Continue Monitoring Cantonment Areas for former Combatants
Despite the remarkable progress made by the people of Nepal towards peace and democracy, the extended assistance of the United Nations Mission there (UNMIN) and sustained support of the international community was needed, Ian Martin, Special Representative of the Secretary-General and head of the Mission told the Security Council this afternoon.
Addressing the 15-member body along with the representative of Nepal, Mr. Martin noted that the Secretary-General, in his visit to the Himalayan country last week, had said that the recently elected Constituent Assembly was the most inclusive legislative body in the country’s history. However, he had added that the political transformation in the Himalayan country must go hand in hand with social and economic transformation; steady progress in the peace process would ensure international support.
Introducing the Secretary-General’s report, he said it described the process by which the Assembly had elected a President, Vice-President and Prime Minister, as well as the long negotiations which led to formation of a coalition Government, led by the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) as the largest party and comprising two others of the four largest parties, with the Nepali Congress remaining in opposition.
He said that, according to Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal “Prachanda”, the priorities of the Government were completing the peace process, ensuring the drafting of the new constitution and achieving rapid economic progress. There were major challenges in each area, but UNMIN’s mandate related directly to the peace process.
In describing the tasks that remained before the Mission had completed its work, he noted the difficulties in forming a special committee responsible for the supervision, integration and rehabilitation of the former Maoist combatants, which would simplify UNMIN’s monitoring responsibilities. Once the committee began to function, he added, it would face many difficulties because of widely differing views regarding the extent to which Maoist army combatants should or should not be integrated into the State Army. He said that the discharge from the Maoist army cantonments of some 4,000 personnel under the age of 18 in May was not dependent on the special committee, but had been long overdue.
He said he shared the desire of the Security Council to bring UNMIN’s mandate to completion as soon as possible. The Secretary-General wanted to drawdown further and close the Mission in a manner that did not jeopardize the peace process and ensured continuing international support for consolidating peace. However, in discussions with the Secretary-General last week, the Prime Minister had said that the Mission’s presence at the cantonments would remain necessary pending integration and rehabilitation. Even under the most optimistic assumptions, that process could now not be expected to end by January, within the Mission’s current mandate. The Secretary-General had asked that if a further extension was to be requested by the Government, it should be made as soon as possible.
He envisaged that any recommendation to the Council in response to such a request would be for a substantially smaller presence. Experience in various countries, however, had demonstrated the dangers of failing to address successfully the issue of former combatants and the risks that that could pose to stability.
That key aspect of the peace process and the need for cooperation among Nepal’s political parties must be seen in the wider context of their implementation of commitments, he said. The 25 June agreement reiterated many of those commitments, but commissions provided for in the agreements were yet to be formed and compensation of victims of the conflict, as well as investigation into the fate of those who disappeared, the return of displaced persons and property seized and legitimization of youth groups still needed to be pursued. The Madhesi parties also demanded inclusion in all processes, as promised. While fully respecting that the peace process was Nepali-driven, the United Nations had offered its support to the fulfilment of such commitments, as well as to the drafting of the new constitution and protection of human rights. The Secretary-General, he said, had called on all parties in Nepal to cooperate towards the achievement of those goals.
“Our aim is the earliest possible completion of the Mission’s mandate,” he said. “But also the sustained and intensified support of the United Nations system and international community to the peace, development and change which the people of Nepal have demanded.”
Nepal’s representative, Madhu Raman Acharya, said that the success of his country’s peace process lay, indeed, in full national ownership, as well as inclusiveness. The political leadership had taken into account the broader aspiration of the Nepalese people for peace and democracy. The Constituent Assembly was finalizing its procedural rules and it was expected to start drafting the constitution soon. The Government was committed to resolving all remaining issues in the spirit of dialogue and accommodation and in accordance with the comprehensive peace agreement. It had already constituted the special committee to finalize the issue of integration and rehabilitation of the former rebel combatants in cantonments monitored by the United Nations. The Special Committee was expected to reach its decision on the issue soon.
UNMIN’s presence would not be required after the process of managing the cantonment of armed forces and weapons was completed, he said. If that process went beyond the end of the current mandate on 23 January 2009, the Government, in consultation with the special committee and the political parties, might request an extension of UNMIN’s mandate as soon as such a decision was reached. In that case, UNMIN’s presence, which had been already significantly downsized, might be required for another six months maximum, with further adjustment, with a view to allowing it to terminate itself by that time.
Taking note of the Secretary-General’s remarks about the consolidation of cantonments in the report, he said that such rearrangement might unnecessarily complicate the process and exacerbate the already poor infrastructure and facilities in the cantonments. It could also unwittingly prolong the rehabilitation and integration process, which were key to logically conclude the peace process. The Government was committed to taking measures to expedite implementation of the special committee’s decisions, so that UNMIN could complete its task in line with the Security Council’s mandate.
After those two statements, Saul Weisleder of Costa Rica, which holds the Council presidency for November, took the floor in his national capacity to welcome progress in Nepal, but also to call for bringing to justice those who had committed crimes during the armed conflict. He supported the Nepalese Government’s intention to set up a truth and reconciliation commission, and to investigate the whereabouts of missing persons and bolster the rule of law. He urged the Constituent Assembly to do its very best to achieve agreement and move forward in drafting a new constitution. He also expressed concern over slow progress in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of ex-combatants, expressing the hope that funds provided by the Peacebuilding Fund would make it possible to speed up the process. Costa Rica, he said, would be ready to consider a limited extension of UNMIN’s mandate, if requested by the Secretary-General or the Government of Nepal. He warned against withdrawing the Mission in haste or maintaining a larger mission than was required.
The meeting began at 3:05 p.m. and ended at 3:40 p.m.
Background
The Council had before it the report of the Secretary-General on the request of Nepal for United Nations assistance in support of its peace process (document S/2008/670), which commends the parties in the Asian country for their commitment to consolidating democracy, but also states that “understandable” delays in forming the Government have not led to the “hoped for progress” to allow the United Nations special political mission in the country, known as UNMIN, to wind down by its mandate’s end next January, as previously called for by the Council.
Nepal, which in 2006 emerged from a decade-long civil war between Government and Maoist forces claiming 13,000 lives, abolished its 240-year-old monarchy in May and is now the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. Established in January 2007, UNMIN’s mandate includes the monitoring of the management of arms and armed personnel of both the Maoist and Government forces. The report notes that an agreement reached in late June by the Seven-Party Alliance calls for integration and rehabilitation of the Maoist army to wrap up within six months. The Secretary-General says that the establishment of a special committee to oversee that process was crucial.
Until that special committee begins its work, it is impossible to predict how soon it will be able to take key decisions and how long will be needed for their implementation, he says, adding that there will be “substantial disagreements to be overcome”. He calls on Nepal’s Government to move as rapidly as possible to create conditions conducive to the completion of UNMIN activities, expressing regret that the status-of-mission agreement still has yet to be signed by officials.
In the meantime, he says, his Special Representative has urged the parties to consider interim measures that could simplify UNMIN’s monitoring responsibilities, including the consolidation of cantonment sites. When related decisions are taken by the Government, it will be possible to assess whether and when further reductions in the number of arms monitors can be planned. The Mission’s overall staffing is already below its authorized level, and management will continue to seek opportunities for further reductions, such as filling only essential vacancies that arise and completing the transfer of activities to the United Nations country team.
The report urges the international community to continue its support for the country to ensure that it successfully completes its peace process. “While the main emphasis now should be on peacebuilding through economic and social development and on the drafting of the new constitution, experience in various countries has demonstrated the dangers of failing to address successfully the issue of former combatants and the risks that this can pose to durable stability,” the Secretary-General says.
He reiterates the importance of sustaining the cooperation among political parties “on which the peace process was founded and which has brought it so far”. Although the Nepali Congress, lead by former Prime Minister Girija Prasad Koirala, has chosen not to join the Maoist-led coalition Government, he welcomed its pledge to help draft the new constitution and conclude the peace process.
He also praises the commitments made by current Prime Minister Pushpa Kamal Dahal -- who goes by the name Prachanda -- on his commitments to multi-party democracy and to protecting human rights.
* *** *
For information media • not an official record
For information media. Not an official record.
Search
Daily Noon Briefing
The Deputy Secretary-General spoke today at the Security Council meeting on the human rights situation in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, noting that in 2014, a Commission of Inquiry concluded that crimes against humanity have been committed there — and rightly called for accountability. | 2024-03-04T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5393 |
Q:
SQL query select unique images from multiple tag_id
I have a sql table similar to the one below. And I want to bring back unique results where tag_id matches multiple items.
So if I want to find each image_id that has the tag_id = 106 and 73 I would like it to bring back image_id 12345714 and 12345712.
I've tried doing
SELECT *
FROM tag_relationship
WHERE tag_id
IN ( 106, 73 )
But this brings back
id image_id tag_id
61 12345706 73
70 12345712 73
72 12345712 106
76 12345714 73
77 12345714 106
I've also experimented with GROUP BY, but that doesn't seem to be quite right.
Sample of full table:
image_id can have the same number in different rows, but will have a different tag_id.
id image_id tag_id
1 12345679 63
2 12345679 83
3 12345680 74
4 12345680 108
5 12345680 75
6 12345683 103
7 12345682 87
8 12345682 105
9 12345682 74
10 12345682 81
11 12345683 79
12 12345683 109
13 12345689 111
14 12345689 69
15 12345690 104
16 12345687 110
17 12345687 69
18 12345687 91
19 12345687 93
20 12345687 63
21 12345692 69
22 12345692 104
23 12345692 80
24 12345692 76
25 12345693 74
26 12345693 99
27 12345693 96
28 12345693 94
29 12345691 63
30 12345691 69
31 12345697 92
32 12345697 76
33 12345698 74
34 12345699 97
35 12345698 94
36 12345699 98
37 12345698 81
38 12345699 105
39 12345697 91
40 12345694 100
41 12345694 101
42 12345694 94
43 12345694 74
44 12345696 78
45 12345696 95
46 12345696 112
47 12345701 113
48 12345701 114
49 12345700 94
50 12345700 91
51 12345700 90
52 12345702 87
53 12345702 115
54 12345702 80
55 12345702 74
56 12345704 78
57 12345705 83
58 12345705 84
59 12345704 63
60 12345705 104
61 12345706 73
62 12345706 64
63 12345706 86
64 12345706 88
65 12345706 89
66 12345713 80
67 12345713 115
68 12345713 81
69 12345717 63
70 12345712 73
71 12345717 64
72 12345712 106
73 12345717 79
74 12345712 74
75 12345709 76
76 12345714 73
77 12345714 106
78 12345715 68
79 12345716 116
80 12345715 69
81 12345716 71
A:
SELECT image_id
FROM tag_relationship
WHERE tag_id IN ( 106, 73 )
GROUP BY image_id
HAVING COUNT(*) = 2
| 2023-12-05T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4293 |
Travel
Foreign travellers commandeer a public roadside toilet, turn it into a storage locker
By Staff
A public lavatory or a storage locker? The smell and the toilet should have alerted the travellers to the intended use of the green shed. Photo/Halla Eyþórsdóttir Facebook.
The Icelandic Road and Coastal Authority has recently added public lavatories along the Ring Road and at popular destinations around Iceland. The facilities, erected at 30 different locations, are intended to deal with the growing numbers of travellers and the lack of public lavatories at most destinations.
Questionable use of a public toilet
However, when an employee of the IRCA showed up to clean the toilets at the parking lot by Fossárbrú bridge, an abandoned bridge over a river in Berufjörður fjord, one of the toilets had been locked with a small padlock. Halla Eyþórsdóttir, who discovered the padlocked toilet was at first unsure what to do, but decided to break the lock, as it had clearly not put up by the IRCA or other legal authorities.
“Last night when I came to clean the lavatories I was baffled to discover one of the toilets had been padlocked shut by someone. I was unsure what to do, but I decided I had to cut the lock to enter the toilet. When I opened the door I discovered the toilet had been stacked full of luggage.”
Halla posted photos of the scene to Facebook. The backpacks and suitcases which had been stacked inside the toilet probably belonged to a couple of travellers who were lying sound asleep in a rental car parked nearby. “This is not ok,” Halla adds in her Facebook post.
One person who commented on the post wondered why Halla didn’t flush the luggage down, while others suggested she should have confiscated the baggage or charged the travellers for storage. | 2024-05-14T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8011 |
Any one of these two cards can be used to make Interest Free purchases
Description
A Piece of New Zealand's History!
Just as its name suggests, the stunning Riverwood collection has been crafted using Rimu recovered from the lakes and rivers of the West Coast and Taranaki. The timber lay undisturbed on river beds for up to 100 years and this has created an extra beautiful and unique effect to the wood and its patterns, so you get a truly distinctive piece of furniture.
The Riverwood range of bedroom furniture has been created using a special combination of Heritage timber, traditional craftsmanship and a unique finishing process. It offers quality and durability while also bringing beauty and elegance to your bedroom.
The Riverwood Bed End Chest is part of this stunning collection and will be the highlight of your bedroom.
Dimensions: 1430 x 388 x 456
Proudly New Zealand made.
Own your own piece of New Zealand's history with this unique Riverwood Bed End Chest.
Please note: Price is for Bed End Chest only. Accessories and other products not included.
*Product downloadable Brochure under "Attachment" tab.
Specs
Specs
Brand
Sorensen Furniture
All Product Details
Product Type
Bed End Chest
Colour
Rimu Finish
Made in
New Zealand
Material
Frame Material
Rimu and Rimu Veneer
Dimensions
Product Width
143cm
Product Depth
45.6cm
Product Height
38.8cm
Installation
Assembly Type
Some Assembly Required
Warranty
Manufacturers
120 Months
Reviews
bvseo_sdk, p_sdk, 3.2.1
CLOUD, getContent, 255.25ms
REVIEWS, PRODUCT
bvseo-msg: HTTP status code of 404 was returned;
Delivery
Delivery
Delivery
Have your order delivered to your home or office ANYWHERE in New Zealand. For in stock items, your order should arrive within 2 - 5 business days. Some items may take longer to deliver if a product is currently not in stock. A staff member will contact you where this occurs.
Some Furniture & Bedding items may take up to 8 weeks to deliver as products are not stocked in store or are made specifically for your order. Contact your local Harvey Norman store for an indication of timeframe.
Free Pick Up In Store
Avoid shipping charges and pick up your order quickly and easily from your local Harvey Norman store. Buy in-stock products from our website 2 hours before closing time for FREE same day pickup. Terms and conditions apply. Simply buy online, select the Free pick up in store option and head to your nearest store to pick up your order.
Some items may take longer to be made available for pickup if a product is currently not in stock. A staff member will contact you where this occurs.
Easy returns
If you feel your product has failed a Consumer Guarantee (as defined by New Zealand Consumer Law) then don’t worry, you can easily return it to your local Harvey Norman store. We’ll even pay for the postage if you live in an area where there is no store.
We also offer a 14 day no questions asked exchange policy for online purchases only. Certain categories of products are excluded from this policy and they are; Beds, Pillows/Mattresses, Furniture, Personal Care, Gift Vouchers, Mobile Phones and SIM Cards, ePay Vouchers and Top-ups. See here for details.
Attachments
Attachments
Easy returns
If you feel your product has failed a Consumer Guarantee (as defined by New Zealand Consumer Law) then don't worry, you can easily return it to your local Harvey Norman store. We’ll even pay for the postage if you live in an area where there is no store.
Buy online & pick up in store free
Avoid shipping charges and pick up your order quickly and easily from your local Harvey Norman store. Buy in-stock products from our website 2 hours before closing time for FREE same day pickup. Terms and conditions apply. Simply buy online, select the Free pick up in store option and head to your nearest store to pick up your order.
Some items may take longer to be made available for pickup if a product is currently not in stock. A staff member will contact you where this occurs.
Delivery
Have your order delivered to your home or office ANYWHERE in New Zealand. For in stock items, your order should arrive within 2 - 5 business days. Some items may take longer to deliver if a product is currently not in stock. A staff member will contact you where this occurs.
Some Furniture & Bedding items may take up to 8 weeks to deliver as products are not stocked in store or are made specifically for your order. Contact your local Harvey Norman store for an indication of timeframe.
Over 30 stores nationwide
We have over 30 locations across New Zealand offering you a great, local shopping experience. Visit your local store for demonstrations and advice across our great product range and rest assured that when you purchase from Harvey Norman online, mobile or in store, you can contact your local store at any time for assistance with your purchase. Find your nearest store. | 2024-02-19T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/2973 |
EL PASO, Texas — A federal judge on Tuesday sentenced an Ecuadorian couple to federal prison for their roles in an illegal alien smuggling conspiracy uncovered during an investigation by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI).
U.S. District Judge Kathleen Cardone sentenced Paul Esteban Estrella Villota, 40, of Cuenca, Ecuador, and his wife Magaly Alemania Malagon Sandoya, 42, to six years and five years in federal prison, respectively. Judge Cardone also ordered both defendants each to pay a $5,000 special assessment and be placed on supervised release for three years after they the complete their prison terms.
Earlier this year, both defendants pleaded guilty to conspiracy to commit alien smuggling for financial gain resulting in bodily injury, which included a smuggled girl being repeatedly raped by her smugglers. Estrella and Malagon have remained in federal custody since HSI special agents arrested them Aug. 12, 2015, in Orlando, Florida.
The investigation into this smuggling organization began Nov. 4, 2013, after HSI El Paso special agents encountered two male juveniles in a suspected stash house. According to court documents, HSI special agents learned that Estrella and Malagon were the ring leaders of an alien smuggling organization that smuggled juveniles into the United States.
The investigation revealed that Nov. 22, 2012, a co-defendant, Diana Marcial, 25, smuggled a 2-year-old El Salvadoran child through El Paso’s Bridge of the Americas Port of Entry as an identity imposter. Marcial used her own child's birth certificate to facilitate the smuggling. When the toddler’s mother, Wendy Heredia-Mejia, was arrested attempting to enter the United States as an identity imposter, Heredia-Mejia identified Marcial as the individual who had crossed with her son.
HSI special agents contacted Marcial, who returned the child to law enforcement agents. As a result, Marcial was convicted of making a false statement to authorities about the legal status of the child she brought into the United States claiming to be her own. She was sentenced to a year of probation and six months’ home confinement.
On Nov. 6, 2013, a 35-year-old mother of one of the juveniles discovered by HSI El Paso special agents two days earlier, was arrested at the Paso Del Norte Port of Entry after she tried to enter the United States as a document imposter. The entry document she presented at the border was valid, but was in the name of another person. Arnulfo Delgado Salas, 46, a co-defendant, was the driver of the vehicle in which she was a passenger. Salas, who was later arrested, was set to plead guilty in May 2016 to making a false statement, but absconded prior to his sentencing hearing. He is considered a fugitive.
Court records show that the man who arranged for the 35-year-old mother and her child to be smuggled into the United States was a man she met in Ecuador. The man, whom she knew as “Paul,” charged her $15,000 each to smuggle her and her child. She paid him $6,000 up front. The woman positively identified Estrella as the man to whom she paid the smuggling fee. On March 28, 2014, she was sentenced to time served (just over five months’ incarceration) after pleading guilty to false impersonation in an immigration matter.
On March 16, 2014, U.S. Border Patrol agents arrested another national of Ecuador near Clint, Texas, after she illegally entered the United States. Court records allege she told HSI special agents that a woman by the name of “Magi” arranged her smuggling travels from Ecuador to the United States, even though an Ecuadorian smuggler named “Paul” originally was to bring her to the United States.
On Nov. 16, 2014, U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s (CBP) Border Patrol agents encountered another national of Ecuador near Mount Cristo Rey in Sunland Park, New Mexico. During an interview with HSI special agents, that individual identified Estrella and Malagon as the smugglers with whom he entered into a smuggling agreement to bring his daughter into the United States. Court records show he agreed to pay them $14,000.
Furthermore, the girl’s father told HSI special agents on Feb. 25, 2015, that he made arrangements to pay $14,500 to a smuggler he knew only as “Magi” to smuggle his daughter from Ecuador through Mexico into the United States.
While in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, the girl was kept in a stash house by Estrella and Malagon’s co-conspirators. At that stash house, these co-conspirators repeatedly raped her before dropping her off in Mexico immediately south of Clint, Texas.
Waldemar Rodriguez, special agent in charge of HSI El Paso, credited the team effort of other Department of Homeland Security (DHS) agencies locally and abroad that participated in the investigation.
“HSI will not relent against human smugglers who treat people like a mere commodity,” said Rodriguez. “This case should resonate loud and clear: HSI special agents and our law enforcement partners will work tirelessly to identify, arrest and prosecute those responsible for illegally transporting people into and through our country.” | 2024-05-16T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5987 |
Q:
Should I index an integer column which is already ordered?
I have a table like the picture below, I want to index two columns of this table (user_id, question). The type of all columns is int. The user_id and the question_id columns are foreign keys.
CREATE TABLE user (
user_id int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
username varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
password varchar(60) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
CREATE TABLE question (
question_id int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
question varchar(60) NOT NULL,
answer varchar(60) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`question_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8
CREATE TABLE answer (
user_id int(10) NOT NULL,
question_id int(10) NOT NULL,
score int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
timer int(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES user(user_id),
FOREIGN KEY (question_id) REFERENCES question(question_id)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
A lot of "updating" and "reading" query goes to this table. As you can see these two columns are already ordered because every time a user signup I will add the user's id in the user_id column and the numbers from 1 to 300 to the question column. the query is something like this:
UPDATE score SET user_score_for_question = 20 WHERE user_id=400 AND question=100
Question1: since "user_id" and "question" columns are already ordered, Is it necessary to index them or not?
Question2: If I should index those columns, since I always use "user_id" and "question" together, how is the correct way to index these columns? I not familiar with "hash index" and "unique index" which one should I use?
A:
Inserting in an order does not mean that is a natural order in the table.
Put a composite primary key on:
user_id, question_id
A second index on question_id is optional.
It would only be used if you are searching on question_id only.
| 2023-09-19T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8594 |
White Revolution was a participant or observer in the following events:
Stormfront logo. [Source: Don Black]According to an article by the Washington Post, owners and operators of racist, white supremacist Web sites such as Stormfront (see March 1995) report a large increase in traffic, apparently sparked by Senator Barack Obama (D-IL)‘s recent naming as the Democratic nominee for president. Billy Roper, a former member of the neo-Nazi National Alliance (see 1970-1974 and Summer 2005) and now the chief of an Arkansas group called White Revolution, says: “I haven’t seen this much anger in a long, long time. Nothing has awakened normally complacent white Americans more than the prospect of America having an overtly nonwhite president.” Deborah Lauter, the civil rights director for the Anti-Defamation League (ADL), says: “[W]e’re finding an explosion in these kinds of hateful sentiments on the Net, and it’s a growing problem. There are probably thousands of Web sites that do this now. I couldn’t even tell you how many are out there because it’s growing so fast.” The white power organizations acknowledge that they have little chance to derail Obama’s candidacy, so instead some of them say they are using it to energize their membership and reach out for new members. The Post reports, “[t]he groups now portray [Obama’s] candidacy as a vehicle to disenfranchise whites and polarize America.” The groups have helped foster the debunked rumors that Obama is a Muslim, that his books are overtly racist, that his wife Michelle is a radical black activist who hates “whitey,” and other claims. Stormfront’s owner, Don Black, says that since 1995, he has tried to make his site a “central meeting place for the white power movement.” Obama’s nomination is helping him fulfill his vision, he says. Black has 40 moderators running 54 message boards that welcome over 40,000 unique visitors every day. Posters on Stormfront complain that Obama represents the end of “white rule” and the beginning of “multiculturalism.” They fear that he will promote affirmative action, support illegal immigration, and help render whites, who make up two-thirds of the US population, “the new minority.” Black says: “I get nonstop emails and private message from new people who are mad as hell about the possibility of Obama being elected. White people, for a long time, have thought of our government as being for us, and Obama is the best possible evidence that we’ve lost that. This is scaring a lot of people who maybe never considered themselves racists, and it’s bringing them over to our side.” David Duke, Black’s former mentor and a former Ku Klux Klan leader, says his Web site’s traffic has doubled. White supremacist Dan Hill, who runs an extremist group in northern Michigan, says his cohorts are more willing to “take serious action” and plan rallies to protest politicians and immigration; he says he recently drove to an Obama rally and tried to “get a riot started or something.” Roper says White Revolution receives about 10 new applicants each week, more than double the norm. Ron Doggett, who helps Duke run a white power group called EURO in Virginia, says: “Our side does better when the public is being pressured, when gas prices are high, when housing is bad, when a black man might be president. People start looking for solutions and changes, and we offer radical changes to what’s going on.” Duke says: “One person put it this way: Obama for president paves the way for David Duke as president. This is finally going to make whites begin to realize it’s a necessity to stick up for their own heritage, and that’s going to make them turn to people like me. We’re the next logical step.” Doggett worries that an Obama presidential victory may doom the white supremacist movement, saying: “What you try not to think about is that maybe if Obama wins, it will create a very demoralizing effect. Maybe people see him in office, and it’s like: ‘That’s it. It’s just too late. Look at what’s happened now. We’ve endured all these defeats, and we’ve still got a multicultural society.’ And then there’s just no future for our viewpoint.” [Washington Post, 6/22/2008]
Ordering
Time period
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Victorias Secret Fashion Show Jay Z
PHOTOS: Jay-Z's Victoria's Secret Surprise!
Some of the most beautiful women in the world hit the Victoria's Secret glittery runway yesterday for the company's annual fantasy lingerie show. There were diamond studded bras, neon light wings and … | 2024-05-14T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/9207 |
Q:
AsyncTaskLoader vs AsyncTask
Since Honeycomb and the v4 Compatibility Library it is possible to use AsyncTaskLoader. From what I understand, the AsyncTaskLoader can survive through config changes like screen flips.
Is it recommended to use AsyncTaskLoader instead of AsyncTask? Does LoaderManager get in the picture too?
But I haven't found any good example(s) about how to correctly use the AsyncTaskLoader. The docs also provide no examples. Can anyone provide some good examples.
A:
You can have a look at the compatibility library's source code to get more info. What a FragmentActivity does is:
keep a list of LoaderManager's
make sure they don't get destroyed when you flip your phone (or another configuration change occurs) by saving instances using onRetainNonConfigurationInstance()
kick the right loader when you call initLoader() in your Activity
You need to use the LoaderManager to interface with the loaders, and provide the needed callbacks to create your loader(s) and populate your views with the data they return.
Generally it should be easier than managing AsyncTask's yourself. However, AsyncTaskLoader is not exactly well documented, so you should study the example in the docs and/or model your code after CursorLoader.
A:
When compare AsyncTaskLoader vs. AsyncTask, as you may know when you rotate your device screen, it may destroy and re-create your activity, to make it clear let image rotate your device while networking transaction is going on:
AsyncTask will be re-executed as background thread again, and previous background thread processing was just be redundant and zombie.
AsyncTaskLoader will be just re-used basing on Loader ID that registered in Loader Manager before, so avoid re-executing network transaction.
In summary, AsyncTaskLoader prevent duplication of background threads and eliminate duplication of zombie activities.
A:
AsyncTaskLoader performs the same function as the AsyncTask, but a bit better. It can handle Activity configuration changes more easily, and it behaves within the life cycles of Fragments and Activities. The nice thing is that the AsyncTaskLoader can be used in any situation that the AsyncTask is being used. Anytime data needs to be loaded into memory for the Activity/Fragment to handle, The AsyncTaskLoader can do the job better.
There are a few issues with using AsyncTasks, though:
Configuration changes can mess things up
Pausing an activity doesn’t pause the AsyncTask
A fair amount of boilerplate code (which means more possible errors)
AsyncTaskLoader doc
| 2024-03-29T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4537 |
329 S.C. 115 (1997)
494 S.E.2d 440
STATE of South Carolina, Respondent,
v.
William T. BROCKMAN, Appellant.
No. 2752.
Court of Appeals of South Carolina.
Heard October 8, 1997.
Decided November 17, 1997.
Rehearing Denied January 22, 1998.
*118 Jeffrey Falkner Wilkes, Greenville, for appellant.
Attorney General Charles M. Condon, Deputy Attorney General John W. McIntosh, Assistant Deputy Attorney General Salley W. Elliott, Senior Assistant Attorney General Norman Mark Rapoport, Columbia; and Solicitor Joseph J. Watson, Greenville, for respondent.
CURETON, Judge:
William T. Brockman (Brockman) appeals from his convictions for a number of drug offenses.[1] At trial, the state introduced into evidence crack and powder cocaine which Brockman's mother and sister found when they pried open the compartment of Brockman's moped in the presence of Greenville County Sheriff's Deputies. Brockman contends his mother did not have authority to consent to a search of the moped's compartments, and argues the discovery of the drugs cannot be justified as the result of a purely private search. We hold the evidence was improperly admitted.
I. FACTS
Before trial but after jury selection, the trial court held a hearing on Brockman's motion to suppress introduction of the drugs found within the moped.
Deputy Fitzgerald testified that he and Deputy Crawford were dispatched to a residence on a domestic disturbance call, where they found Brockman's mother, Sharon Peak (Peak), as *119 well as his sister, Audra Brockman (Audra). Fitzgerald stated Peak told the officers that while she refused to allow Brockman to live in the house because he had verbally abused and threatened her, Brockman had repeatedly returned to her house demanding his moped.[2] Fitzgerald recalled that Peak then asked them to remove the moped from her property because she believed Brockman kept drugs there, but they told her they could not take the moped. Since the conversation between the women and the deputies continued to focus on the moped, Fitzgerald eventually asked to see it. Peak led the deputies down to a small laundry room, where, at Peak's request, Fitzgerald helped her pull the moped out of the dark laundry area and into the basement. According to Fitzgerald, Peak again stated the moped contained "dope" and demanded they take it, but Fitzgerald told her: "We can't do that. We don't have any reason to." Peak and Audra then pried open the moped's locked seat compartment, which contained crack, powder cocaine, and cash, as well as a small automatic pistol. The moped's keys were found in Brockman's possession after he was arrested.
Fitzgerald testified neither he nor Crawford encouraged Peak to pry open the moped. However, Fitzgerald admitted that while he knew he did not have probable cause to search the moped, he was aware Peak and Audra were searching the moped for narcotics as he watched. He also admitted Peak and Audra were breaking and entering into moped as he and his partner watched, but he stated "[the women] didn't have any intent to commit a crime."
Deputy Crawford essentially told the same story as Fitzgerald. Crawford added that Peak and Audra were not "real clear" as to why they believed drugs were in the moped. He stated that after he told Peak that the deputies could not take Brockman's moped, Peak asked if she could "go into" the moped. Crawford testified he then told Peak: "Well, that's your business. I'm not here to influence you in any way. If that's what you want to do then that's what you want to do." Crawford noted that once Audra pulled the plastic bag out of the moped, she threw it back into the laundry room. After *120 the deputies asked Peak to retrieve the bag from the laundry room, Crawford noticed her "fumbling around" with the bag while her back was facing them. Peak then handed the deputies the bag with the cocaine, but Crawford subsequently discovered a large amount of cash that Peak had evidently removed from the plastic bag and hidden in a clothes hamper.
Crawford also stated the deputies did not direct the search in any way, and he testified, "I made it clear to [Peak] that we couldn't do anything with the moped, that if she wanted to invite us down there into the living area that we'd be glad to go but we were there only as observers." However, Crawford said they "absolutely" went to the basement to see if Peak was right about the presence of drugs in the moped.
Peak also testified at the suppression hearing, but her story differed slightly from the deputies. She testified she was not worried about drugs being within the moped, but she was concerned about removing the moped from her house so Brockman would stop coming to the house to get it. While she confirmed that the policemen did tell her they could not remove the moped, she stated that one of the officers asked to see the moped while remarking "[Brockman] must want [the moped] for something." In contrast to Fitzgerald's testimony, Peak testified, "... [Audra and I] tried to pull [the moped] out [of the laundry room] because [the deputies] wanted tothey said they couldn't see it, to pull it in the light, and that's what we did." As to the discovery of the drugs, Peak further testified:
DEFENSE ATTORNEY: And what did y'all try to do with the butter knife?
PEAK: We tried to open the key lock thing and we couldn't get it so [the deputy] asked me what was in this compartment and, you know
DEFENSE ATTORNEY: Which compartment would that be?
PEAK: It's the seat, it was, you know, inside of the seat because we couldn't get anything else open.
DEFENSE ATTORNEY: Okay.
PEAK: And so [the deputy] asked us to pull that part and I did and when I pulled it open ... I grabbed what was in it *121 and I threw it in the wash room and [the deputies] got the gun.
Finally, Peak testified that she was merely looking for the key so that she could move the heavy moped.
After argument, the trial court denied the motion to suppress, reasoning that Peak was not acting as an agent of the state, that she was merely attempting to remove the moped to protect her premises and prevent further contact with Brockman, and that parents have the right to control the conduct of children who live in their home. The court found the deputies' testimony credible and specifically stated: "I don't think that [Peak's] testimony in any way impugns [the deputies'] credibility."
At trial, Brockman again objected to the admission of the evidence. The trial court also denied Brockman's subsequent motions for a directed verdict and new trial.
II. STANDARD OF REVIEW
Whether evidence should be suppressed due to a Fourth Amendment violation is a question for the trial court. State v. Easterling, 257 S.C. 239, 185 S.E.2d 366 (1971). We defer to the trial court's factual findings and review them only for clear error and lack of evidentiary support, but our review is de novo on the mixed questions of law and fact under a Fourth Amendment analysis. Cf. Ornelas v. United States, 517 U.S. 690, 116 S.Ct. 1657, 134 L.Ed.2d 911 (1996).
III. THIRD PARTY CONSENT TO SEARCH AND SEZURE
Brockman first contends that the trial judge erred in ruling that the search was justified because Peak had control over the locked compartments of Brockman's moped as a parent and homeowner. We agree.
We initially assume for the purposes of this issue that the search of the moped was not a private search outside of the constraints of the Fourth Amendment. Thus, we analyze the issue as one of third party consent. Third party consent may validly be given by one who has common authority over or some other sufficient relationship to the premises or *122 effects searched. State v. Moultrie, 271 S.C. 526, 248 S.E.2d 486 (1978) (citing United States v. Matlock, 415 U.S. 164, 94 S.Ct. 988, 39 L.Ed.2d 242 (1974)). Common authority does not require common ownership, but merely "`mutual use of the property by persons generally having joint access or control for most purposes, so that it is reasonable' for the searching officers to believe that the person granting consent had the authority to do so." Moultrie, 271 S.C. at 528, 248 S.E.2d at 487 (quoting Matlock, 415 U.S. at 171 n. 7, 94 S.Ct. at 993 n. 7). See also Illinois v. Rodriguez, 497 U.S. 177, 110 S.Ct. 2793, 111 L.Ed.2d 148 (1990) (suppression not warranted if officers had an erroneous but reasonable belief of authority to consent). The prosecution has the burden of satisfying the test. Matlock, 415 U.S. at 171-72, 94 S.Ct. at 993-94.
A. Parental Consent
In applying the principles discussed above, a number of cases from other jurisdictions have held that parents of adult children generally do not have authority to consent to the search of their child's locked bedroom, closet, or compartment to which they do not otherwise have access, even if the locked room or compartment is within the parents' house and the child lives there gratuitously. See, e.g. United States v. Block, 590 F.2d 535 (4th Cir.1978) (mother's consent insufficient for search of locked footlocker located in mother's home, where mother told police the footlocker belonged to son and she did not have a key); United States v. Butler, 495 F.Supp. 679 (E.D.Ark.1980) (father could not consent to search of bureau drawer and locked suitcase discovered in defendant's room); State v. Harris, 642 A.2d 1242 (Del.Super.Ct.1993) (defendant's mother could consent to search of defendant's locked bedroom as she had a key, but could not consent to search of locked toolbox as she did not have a key); People v. Bliey, 232 Ill.App.3d 606, 173 Ill.Dec. 856, 597 N.E.2d 830 (1992) (mother could consent to search of defendant's basement room despite his objection, as basement door was not locked and defendant did not instruct mother to keep people out of the bedroom); Perry v. State, 538 N.E.2d 950 (Ind.1989) (consent by mother was valid as evidence showed she frequently cleaned son's unlocked room and thus had equal access); Becknell v. State, 720 S.W.2d 526 (Tex.Crim.App.1986) (defendant's father could *123 not consent to search of locked bedroom because defendant cooked and ate apart from the rest of the family, father did not have a key to room, and father did not enter room unless defendant was present).
Admittedly, a few South Carolina cases have affirmed the introduction of evidence discovered in a search of a guest's or adult child's room based on consent of the homeowner or parent, but, unlike the cases from the jurisdictions cited above, those cases do not state that only the guest or child had access to the area or item searched. State v. Pressley, 288 S.C. 128, 341 S.E.2d 626 (1986) (homeowner could consent to search of area occupied by guest); State v. Moultrie, 271 S.C. 526, 248 S.E.2d 486 (1978) (in a case where defendant was living rent-free with a homeowner's daughter, the homeowner could validly consent to search of the defendant's room); [3]State v. Middleton, 266 S.C. 251, 222 S.E.2d 763 (1976) (father could consent to search of son's bedroom where father occupied and provided the apartment), vacated on other grounds, 429 U.S. 807, 97 S.Ct. 44, 50 L.Ed.2d 69 (1976); State v. Miller, 260 S.C. 1, 193 S.E.2d 802 (1972) (mother could consent to police seizure of articles of clothing from defendant's room).
In any event, Brockman did not actually live at Peak's home when the search occurred, and thus unlike all of the above cited cases, the locked container here essentially was in Peak's possession as a gratuitous bailee. Cf. State v. Curley, 253 S.C. 513, 171 S.E.2d 699, cert. denied, 400 U.S. 834, 91 S.Ct. 69, 27 L.Ed.2d 66 (1970); 8 Am.Jur.2d Bailments § 294 (1980).
B. Bailee Consent
We are thus faced with the issue of the right of bailees to consent to a search of locked containers in their possession. The state challenges Brockman's Fourth Amendment standing by arguing he did not have a reasonable expectation of privacy *124 in the moped he left at Peak's house. Although we disagree with the state, we first note our general agreement with the following:
[T]he right of the custodian of the defendant's property who has been unwittingly involved by the defendant in his crime to exculpate himself promptly and voluntarily by disclosing the property and explaining his connection with it to government agents, must prevail over any claim of the defendant to have the privacy of his property maintained against a warrantless search by such agents.
United States v. Diggs, 544 F.2d 116, 120-21 (3rd Cir.1976) (en banc). See also United States v. Botsch, 364 F.2d 542 (2nd Cir.1966). However, since Fourth Amendment determinations are heavily fact-specific and made on a case-by-case basis, a review of the facts in various "bailee consent" cases is helpful. In Botsch, Botsch was fraudulently procuring merchandise using the credit and name of another. Botsch rented a "shanty" from Stein, whom Botsch allowed to retain a key so that Stein could accept merchandise delivered for storage. After investigators visited Stein, he became concerned his property was being used for illegality and allowed them to enter the shanty. Botsch, 364 F.2d at 544-46. The court upheld the warrantless search, noted that Stein had a key and permission to use it, and thus concluded:
Stein, having been made an unwitting accomplice by Botsch, had a vital interest in cooperating with the Inspectors so that he could remove any taint of suspicion cast upon him. Indeed, any individual under similar circumstances would have a right to promptly and voluntarily exculpate himself by establishing that his role in the alleged scheme was entirely innocent and passive.
Id. at 547.
Next, in Curley, 253 S.C. 513, 171 S.E.2d 699 (1970), the defendant's friend, who customarily drove a car registered to the defendant, loaned the car in the defendant's presence to a second friend. The second friend consented to a search of the trunk after being stopped by police. The court stated, "by allowing another to use his car and, without prohibitory instructions entrusting her with the key to the trunk, [the defendant] must be taken to have assumed the risk that she *125 would accede to the request of an officer to look inside." Id. at 518,171 S.E.2d at 701.
Similarly, in United States v. Gradowski, 502 F.2d 563 (2nd Cir.1974), the defendant left his car and its keys with his friend's sister at her and her husband's house. The court affirmed the warrantless search of the car's trunk based on consent of the homeowners, and noted that they had both access to the trunk as well as "[either express or implied] permission to exercise that access." Id. at 564.
In Diggs, the defendant and his wife asked the wife's uncle to keep a locked box, but they did not leave the uncle a key to the box. A few days later, the uncle's sister told him that the defendant had been arrested for armed robbery, and the uncle telephoned the defendant's wife. During an "evasive" conversation, the wife informed the uncle that she specifically told the FBI that her husband had not left anything at the uncle's house during their recent visit, and she asked the uncle to lie to the FBI and deny he was holding the lockbox. The uncle became concerned he was holding stolen property, and contacted FBI agents who jointly searched the box with him. Diggs, 544 F.2d at 117-19. Five judges of the en banc panel would have reversed the district judge's suppression of the evidence, but reluctantly concurred in a remand in order to avoid affirmance. Id. at 122-23. Applying the Botsch rule, four of these judges noted, "it taxes credulity to label as an unreasonable search and seizure the action of FBI agents in responding to the urgent request of an innocent but compromised individual for aid in exculpating himself." Diggs, 544 F.2d at 121. The four judges would have held that Diggs placed the uncle in a "sufficient relationship" to consent to the search, and thus "assumed the risk" of search, by involving the uncle in the crime through delivery to him of the stolen money for safekeeping. Id. at 121-22. Judge Gibbons, who held the swing vote which led to a remand, agreed that the uncle could deliver the box to the FBI, but rejected the notion that the uncle could consent to a search of the box, because he did not have a key and thus entry was outside "the scope of [the uncle's] authority under the terms of the bailment." Id. at 124-25. Judge Gibbons believed that such a search possibly could be justified as an inventory search of seized property, as long as the search was not a pretext for investigation, so *126 he concurred in a remand for further findings. Id. at 126-27. A vigorous dissent by four judges noted that the record reflected the uncle was not concerned about implication in the crime, and stated that a bailee's preference for an immediate search was insufficient to ignore the warrant requirement. Diggs, 544 F.2d at 127-29.
In Gieffels v. State, 590 P.2d 55 (Alaska 1979), Gieffels, who was wanted for murder and robbery, called his brother and asked him to pick up a suitcase using a baggage claim check Gieffels had left with a bartender. The brother knew the police, who had already contacted him, were watching his house in case Gieffels appeared. The brother thus called the police and told them he did not care if they took the suitcase. The police retrieved the suitcase, and later, with a warrant, opened and searched it. The court, although noting the factual differences from Diggs, ruled that the brother had authority to consent to the seizure of the suitcase "to avoid any possible involvement in the crime." Gieffels, 590 P.2d at 60-62. However, the court stated that its holding "does not extend to [the brother's] authority to authorize a search of the suitcase," but did not address that issue because the police search was performed pursuant to a warrant. 590 P.2d at 62-63.
Other analogous cases have rejected the idea that officers had a reasonable belief of authority to consent where the third party neither claimed nor actually had permitted access to the thing or area searched. See, e.g. United States v. Presler, 610 F.2d 1206 (4th Cir.1979) (holding that defendant had an expectation of privacy in locked suitcases left with a friend, and that the friend's consent to search was not valid as the defendant did not give his friend either a key or the combination to the locks, nor did the friend claim to the officers a right of mutual access); State v. Stewart, 203 Ga.App. 829, 418 S.E.2d 110 (1992) (police could not have a reasonable belief of authority to consent in a person who rented a warehouse for a friend but did not have a key or other means of access).
In general accord with many of the authorities discussed above, we hold that, while a bailee may consent to police seizure of a defendant's locked container, officers generally cannot have a reasonable belief of a bailee's authority to *127 consent to a search of the locked container, if the bailee does not have a key and there is no other evidence of common authority and mutual access.[4]Cf. State v. Bailey, 276 S.C. 32, 274 S.E.2d 913 (1981) (officers had reasonable belief of resident's authority to consent to search of truck parked behind residence, because unlocked truck was left on premises without instructions as to its use, and keys were within the cab).
In the present case, we primarily rely, as the trial court did, on the deputies' testimony, and hold Peak could not validly consent to a search of the moped's locked compartments. First, Brockman obviously had a legitimate expectation of privacy in compartments which he locked and retained the only key.[5] We see no distinction between the locked compartment of a moped and a lockbox, other than a warrantless search of the former could be potentially justified by a showing of probable cause in circumstances sufficient for application of the "automobile exception." Second, the deputies refused Peak's request that they seize the moped, because Peak was not "real clear" on the basis for her suspicions, and the deputies knew and freely admitted they had no probable cause to secure a warrant. Third, Peak told the officers the moped belonged to Brockman. The officers also knew Peak neither claimed nor actually had access to the locked compartments. Thus, we cannot justify this search by concluding that the deputies had a reasonable belief of Peak's authority to consent to a search of the moped's compartments.
IV. PRIVATE SEARCH
Brockman next contends the trial court erred in ruling the search private because the evidence shows it was conducted with the advice, consent and participation of the deputies. We agree the search was not private.
*128 While the Fourth Amendment does not bar evidence discovered during a search and seizure conducted by a private party, it does bar such evidence if the private-party acted as an instrument or agent of the government. State v. Cohen, 305 S.C. 432, 409 S.E.2d 383 (1991) (citing Skinner v. Railway Labor Executives' Ass'n, 489 U.S. 602, 109 S.Ct. 1402, 103 L.Ed.2d 639 (1989)). A court should consider the totality of the circumstances, as well as the following factors when determining if a private citizen's search or seizure constituted government action: (1) the degree of governmental instigation, participation, or acquiescence in the citizen's search, (2) the citizen's motivation, whether to further law enforcement efforts, or to further his own ends, and (3) the legality of the conduct encouraged by the police. Cohen, 305 S.C. at 435-36, 409 S.E.2d at 385-86. The defendant has the burden of showing "sufficient government involvement in the private citizen's conduct to warrant fourth amendment scrutiny." Id. at 434, 409 S.E.2d at 385.
We begin again by reviewing the factual situations in other Fourth Amendment cases involving private searches. In Cohen, a policeman asked that a certain UPS employee call him as he suspected certain UPS packages contained illegal drugs. UPS superiors then told the employee to call them if another package arrived for delivery to the defendant. After the employee did so, the supervisor examined the box and thought the items within were broken. Pursuant to company policy, the supervisor opened the box and found crack cocaine. Our Supreme Court held that since UPS directed its employee to call his superiors and not the police, and knew from that employee that an unusual amount of packages were going to the defendant, UPS was motivated not to assist police but by a concern that it was delivering contraband. The court found the policeman's request for a phone call was insufficient government involvement and did not request an illegal act. Thus, the court affirmed the introduction of the evidence. 305 S.C. at 433-37, 409 S.E.2d at 383-86.
In Peters v. State, 302 S.C. 59, 393 S.E.2d 387 (1990) (post-conviction relief action), the court held that a woman's subsequent seizure of LSD at the request of police, after the woman initially discovered the evidence while visiting, was not an impermissible warrantless governmental search, as the subsequent *129 governmental search did not exceed the scope of the initial private one.
In State v. McSwain, 292 S.C. 206, 355 S.E.2d 540 (1987), the court reversed suppression of arson evidence gathered by a fire analyst solely at the behest of the defendant's insurer. The court noted, "the record indicates no government participation whatsoever." Id.
Many opinions from other jurisdictions have addressed this area of Fourth Amendment jurisprudence. See Christopher Bello, Search and Seizure: Necessity that Police Obtain Warrant Before Taking Possession of, Examining, or Testing Evidence Discovered in Search by Private Person, 47 A.L.R.4th 501 (1986). Some cases have suppressed evidence gathered from private searches which took place while police were present. See, e.g. United States v. Reed, 15 F.3d 928 (9th Cir.1994) (search of room by hotel clerk, who telephoned police upon suspecting guest was selling narcotics, was a governmental search where police accompanied clerk to the room for safety but waited outside, because police (1) knew of and acquiesced in search, and (2) clerk's motive was to assist in narcotics investigation); State v. Abdouch, 230 Neb. 929, 434 N.W.2d 317 (1989) (search invalidated because officers were present while deceased's family searched another's house for possessions of deceased, despite lack of any authority to enter the house).
On the other hand, a number of cases have sanctioned evidence as the result of a purely private search even though the search was conducted while police or government agents were present. See, e.g. United States v. Kennedy, 61 F.3d 494 (6th Cir.1995) (cocaine in misrouted suitcase would have been inevitably discovered in airline's search for identification, even though police were present during search); United States v. Andrini, 685 F.2d 1094 (9th Cir.1982) (although officer was nearby during hotel clerk's search of bag, search was conducted pursuant to hotel policy, as bag was misplaced and had no exterior identification); United States v. Lamar, 545 F.2d 488 (5th Cir.1977) (although detective approached airline employee and said he was interested in an unclaimed bag, and then watched the employee's search, bag had already been set aside for identification search pursuant to normal procedure); United *130 States v. Entringer, 532 F.2d 634 (8th Cir.1976) (although FBI agent was present, clerk was merely following airline policy by opening packages, because items apparently had been stolen from the packages during shipment).
In many of the cases upholding a private search while the police were present to some greater or lesser degree, the citizen followed some sort of company policy or had some other legitimate justification for conducting the search. See, e.g. United States v. Jennings, 653 F.2d 107 (4th Cir.1981) (noting that "a search of a suspicious package by an agent of an airline is not unlawful"), cited in Cohen, 305 S.C. at 435, 409 S.E.2d at 385; People in Interest of P.E.A., 754 P.2d 382 (Colo.1988) (although principal received tip from officer, school policy was to search student, locker, and car parked on school grounds if the school received any sort of tip about illegal drugs), cited in Cohen, 305 S.C. at 436, 409 S.E.2d at 385.
We now move to application of Cohen's factors to the record before us. Relying, as the trial court did, on the officers' testimony, the police certainly knew of and acquiesced in Peak and Audra's search of the moped. Fitzgerald stated he asked to see the moped before Peak suggested she search it for drugs. The deputies informed Peak they would be willing to observe the search for drugs after telling her: "If [searching is] what you want to do then that's what you want to do." On the other hand, we note that we would not find participation, without more, simply because the deputy politely helped Peak move the heavy moped into a lighted area.[6]
Next, we review the "citizen's motivation" in conducting the search. The deputies' testimony was that Peak and Audra were searching the moped for "dope," ostensibly to give the deputies reason to seize the moped due to their prior refusal to take it. Admittedly, Peak testified that she broke into the moped in order to find keys to enable her to move it,[7] but we defer to the trial judge's primary reliance on the deputies' *131 testimony. Moreover, the whole impetus to the disagreement which led the summoning of the deputies was Peak's refusal to give the moped to Brockman, which conflicts with a conclusion that her primary motivation in breaking into the moped was simply to remove it from her property.
In any event, with regard to the "legality of conduct encouraged by the police," the deputies here certainly acquiesced, and in fact watched, while Peak and Audra broke into a locked compartment in which the deputies knew the women had neither permitted access nor ownership. Therefore, two deputies watched the women engage in conduct which was potentially criminal.[8] We recognize that even a private search which may amount to a crime will not ordinarily prevent admission of the fruits of that search. State v. Sanders, 327 N.C. 319, 395 S.E.2d 412 (1990), cited in Cohen, 305 S.C. at 434, 409 S.E.2d at 384. However, we must conclude that the officers here could not tacitly authorize and watch an arguably illegal search, and then attempt to justify it as purely private. Cf. People v. McKinnon, 7 Cal.3d 899, 103 *132 Cal.Rptr. 897, 906, 500 P.2d 1097, 1106 (1972) (stating that "in appropriate circumstances a private citizen may also be deemed to act as an agent of the police when the latter merely `stand silently by,' i.e., when they knowingly permit the citizen to conduct an illegal search for their benefit and make no effort to protect the rights of the person being searched"), cert. denied, 411 U.S. 931, 93 S.Ct. 1891, 36 L.Ed.2d 390 (1973); Moody v. United States, 163 A.2d 337, 340 (D.C.Mun. App.1960) (noting that "we cannot characterize [an officer] as a willing but innocent beneficiary in standing silently by while the appropriation was taking place"); State v. Bohannon, 3 Kan.App.2d 448, 596 P.2d 190, 196 (1979) (noting that "while [the officer] did not instruct [the citizen] to take any illegal action, the record contains evidence from which the trial court could conclude that he must have been aware of the probability such activity would take place"); State v. Abdouch, 230 Neb. 929, 434 N.W.2d 317, 325 (1989) (invalidating a search despite claims that it was private, and reasoning, in part, that "none of the group, comprised of the Clark family and the officers, had a claim to enter, or a legal status, greater or stronger than a stranger's"); Commonwealth v. Borecky, 277 Pa.Super. 244, 419 A.2d 753, 757 (1980) (invalidating warrant supported by informant's illegal search, despite lack of police initiation or instruction, because "the state trooper's admitted prior knowledge of the warrantless search, and acquiescence therein, was sufficient to constitute ratification of the informant's illegal activity on behalf of the Commonwealth"). Cf. Sanders, 327 N.C. 319, 395 S.E.2d 412 (upholding search, and reasoning, in part, that no police officers encouraged or knew beforehand that citizen was going to lie to defendant's sister in order to search defendant's room for evidence), cited in Cohen, 305 S.C. at 436, 409 S.E.2d at 385. A police officer's obligation is to prevent, and certainly counsel against, the potential commission of a crime. S.C.Code Ann. § 23-13-70 (Rev.1989) (Deputy Sheriffs "shall use every means to prevent or detect, arrest and prosecute for ... the violation of every law which is detrimental to the peace, good order, and morals of the community.").
V. CONCLUSION
We hold that the deputies could not have had a reasonable belief that Peak had authority to consent to a search of the *133 moped's locked compartments. We further hold that the search cannot be justified as a purely private search outside the purview of the Fourth Amendment. Appellate courts do not relish reversing the convictions of obviously guilty defendants. The fact that a large quantity of drugs ultimately was found within the moped is irrelevant to the examination of the issues before us. We have no choice but to suppress the evidence found within the moped and hold that Brockman's case be
REVERSED AND REMANDED.
GOOLSBY and CONNOR, JJ., concur.
NOTES
[1] A jury convicted Brockman on two counts of possession with intent to distribute a controlled substance within proximity of a school, playground, or park, and also for trafficking in both cocaine and crack cocaine. Brockman received 30 years in prison and $80,000 in fines.
[2] Peak testified later at trial that Brockman had not lived at her home for over one year prior to the incident.
[3] Moultrie noted, "while we do not adopt a rigid rule to be applied in every case, we believe the police should be allowed to rely on the consent of the owner and on the general appearances of the situation." 271 S.C. at 529, 248 S.E.2d at 488. Obviously, the fact that the police would have to break a lock to access the area to which there was supposedly consent to search would weigh heavily against a reasonable belief of common authority in most situations.
[4] Of course, we do not adopt a rigid rule with this statement, as all Fourth Amendment determinations depend heavily on the individual facts and circumstances in each case.
[5] We reject the state's argument that Brockman did not have a legitimate expectation of privacy because he "abandoned" the moped in Peak's home. In fact, Brockman was at Peak's house demanding return of the moped shortly before Peak summoned the deputies.
[6] Peak testified to conduct by the deputies which we would find to be participation, such as directing the searcher to pry open a particular compartment. However, we rely, as the trial court did, on the testimony of the deputies.
[7] We fail to see how the finding of keys would have facilitated the removal of the moped by the police, inasmuch as the officers had no authority to seize it absent cause to believe it contained contraband or evidence of a crime.
[8] Of course, our purpose here is not to address Peak and Audra's commission of any crime. However, we note that S.C.Code § 16-21-90 (1985) provides: "A person who, with intent and without right to do so, damages a vehicle or damages or removes any of its parts or components is guilty of a misdemeanor." For purposes of § 16-21-90, "vehicle" and "moped" are defined in S.C.Code Ann. § 56-19-10 (Supp.1996), and we believe a moped is a vehicle pursuant to those definitions. Accord State v. Singleton, 319 S.C. 312, 460 S.E.2d 573 (1995) (mopeds and the driving under the influence statute); 1986 Op. Att'y Gen. 28. Moreover, as we have held, Peak and Audra had no right to enter the moped, and we believe we can safely assume that prying open a locked compartment with a tool probably results in damage to a moped. With respect to intent, one who pries open a moped's compartment to get to its contents at least acts knowingly in damaging the moped, even though the intended result is access, and not damage. Cf. United States v. Bailey, 444 U.S. 394, 404, 100 S.Ct. 624, 632, 62 L.Ed.2d 575 (1980) (stating, "in the case of most crimes, the limited distinction between knowledge and purpose has not been considered important since there is good reason for imposing liability whether the defendant desired or merely knew of the practical certainty of the result[s]"), quoted in McAninch & Fairey, The Criminal Law of South Carolina 5 (3d ed. 1996). Thus, the women arguably violated § 16-21-90 in the presence of the deputies.
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Shrimp Aguachile in Mango-Habanero
Aguachile, a popular shrimp cocktail from the state of Sinaloa, is made in a similar way as a ceviche/cebiche, where the shrimp is prepared with lime juice. In Sinaloa, it is made with slices of cucumbers, red onion, and fresh chiltepin pepper or Serrano pepper. The locals like to make this dish with fresh (never frozen) shrimp and add the lime-pepper marinade just before serving.
This mouthwatering recipe comes from my guest today on the blog: Renown Mexican Chef Julio Ortega. Julio is graduated from the Mexican Superior Culinary Institute in Mexico City, and during his professional life he has represented the Mexican Gastronomy many times, either by working as a chef or attending seminars and culinary events around the world in places like Switzerland, Germany, Spain, and Indonesia.
Nowadays, besides managing his own culinary shop “OJ” in Monterrey, NL (where he teaches courses and workshops to professional and aspiring chefs), he travels around the country giving conferences about the new cuisine trends, sharing his passion for food presentation and the experimental and sensory food trends.
Today he shares with us this mouthwatering dish that is so popular in our coastal towns, but with his own unique presentation and combination of flavors.
6 Servings (appetizer)
FOR THE SHRIMP AGUACHILE:
3 limes, juice only
1 tablespoon white vinegar
1 habanero pepper
1 manila mango, a little bit unripe
1 piece of fresh ginger (about 1 teaspoon)
7 oz. raw shrimp, peeled
Salt and pepper
TO MAKE THE TOSTADAS:
3.5 oz. corn flour masa harina
1 teaspoon lard
10 2.5 ounces warm water
GARNISH:
¼ medium red onion, finely sliced
1 green onion, finely chopped
1/3 cup chopped cilantro
Avocado oil
DIRECTIONS:
Place lime juice, vinegar, habanero pepper, chopped mango, ginger, salt and pepper into the blender. Process until you have a very smooth sauce. Place this sauce in a bowl and add the shrimp to marinate. (The shrimp will cook with the lime and vinegar acidity)
While the shrimp is marinating, prepare the tostadas. Mix masa-harina with the lard and warm water until you form a smooth dough. If it needs more water, add a few teaspoons at a time.
Divide the dough in 8 small balls, and form the tortillas.
Cook over a hot griddle, turning twice. Let them dry on the griddle until they are crispy. Remove and place on the serving plates. (You can also use regular store-bought tortillas and toast them on the griddle.)
To serve, divide the shrimps over the tostadas and garnish with the red and green onion and chopped cilantro, as well as a few drops of avocado oil. Enjoy!
Provecho!
Mely Martinez
To know more about Chef Julio Ortega courses and future presentations, visit his Facebook page HERE.
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¡HOLA!
Hi, I’m Mely Martinez, a former Mexican school teacher, home cook, and food blogger. I moved to the United States about ten years ago, after living in Mexico my whole life. Now I love to share home-style recipes of authentic Mexican food. Read more… | 2024-05-24T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4550 |
Nagoya International Center
The Nagoya International Center (Japanese: 名古屋国際センター Nagoya Kokusai Sentaa) is a non-profit organization based in Nakamura-ku, Nagoya, Japan. The center was established in 1984 and is known locally as the "NIC."
Description
The center's facilities are located on the third to fifth floors of the Nagoya International Center Building, a 7-minute walk or a 2-minute subway ride from Nagoya Station. Kokusai Center Station, on the Nagoya City Subway, is linked to the Nagoya International Center at the basement level. The facilities that are open to the public free-of-charge include an information corner and a library with an extensive collection of foreign books--including over 10,000 English language books. There is a limited internet service in the 3F Information Counter, as well as a billboard where ads may be posted. Here, there are ads from people seeking a roommate/flatmate to live with, and people simply seeking to dispose of their accumulated possessions (a.k.a. sayonara sale) before they leave the country. Prior to January 2009, the board was also used to post individual ads by people seeking partners for language exchange as well as foreign exchange students seeking part-time employment, but these services are no longer offered. It is also possible to rent other facilities in the building itself.
The center organizes activities that promote multi-cultural exchange between the local communities and the somewhat transient foreigner population of the area. It also provides information and hosts free consultations (health, tax, legal, personal counseling, etc.) services for foreign residents in 8 languages (English, Filipino, Spanish, Portuguese, Korean, Chinese, French, Japanese).
It publishes monthly newsletters in English and Portuguese (The Nagoya Calendar); content includes event listings, classifieds section, advice column, and daily living information. The Center also runs Japanese language classes for foreign residents, a home-stay program, a taiko drumming class, a children's soccer school, and a school visit program. It is an ideal information hub for first-time foreign visitors to Nagoya as it is possible to avail of information regarding the must-see, must-visit attractions in the region.
External links
Nagoya International Center official website
Category:Buildings and structures in Nagoya
Category:Organizations based in Nagoya
Category:1984 establishments in Japan
Category:Libraries in Nagoya
Category:Organizations established in 1984 | 2024-07-09T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8620 |
Are REST's Days of Dominance Numbered? - messel
http://www.victusspiritus.com/2010/02/27/social-web-kingdoms-collapse-as-fast-as-they-expand-a-sign-that-rests-days-are-numbered/
======
spooneybarger
There are so many 'buzzy' words in such a short space that my brain hurts.
This is an excellent example of why I think most blog posts are useless. They
have as much information as a 2 minute inebriated conversation at the bar.
There is no digging into topic, just a quick scooting over the surface.
~~~
messel
There really was an idea in there, I swear.
Most folks don't think about how the system they participate in functions.
They just use it, and maybe even optimize it.
Here's a post where I had a little more time to dig in.
<http://www.victusspiritus.com/2010/01/08/why-gods-a-hacker/>
| 2023-09-29T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6975 |
My Own Private Idaho
My Own Private Idaho is a 1991 American independent adventure drama film written and directed by Gus Van Sant, loosely based on Shakespeare's Henry IV, Part 1, Henry IV, Part 2, and Henry V, and starring River Phoenix and Keanu Reeves. The story follows two friends, Mike and Scott, as they embark on a journey of personal discovery that takes them from Portland, Oregon to Mike's hometown in Idaho, and then to Rome in search of Mike's mother.
Van Sant originally wrote the screenplay in the 1970s, but discarded it after reading John Rechy's 1963 novel City of Night and concluding that Rechy's treatment of the subject of street hustlers was better than his own. Over the years, Van Sant rewrote the script, which comprised two stories: that of Mike and the search for his mother, and Scott's story as a modern update of the Henry IV plays. Van Sant had difficulty getting Hollywood financing, and at one point considered making the film on a minuscule budget with a cast of actual street kids. After he sent copies of his script to Reeves, and Reeves then showed it to Phoenix, both agreed to star in the film on each other's behalf.
My Own Private Idaho had its premiere at the 48th Venice International Film Festival, and received largely positive reviews from critics including Roger Ebert and those of The New York Times and Entertainment Weekly. The film was a moderate financial success, grossing over $6.4 million in North America, above its estimated budget of $2.5 million. Phoenix received several awards for his performance in the film, including the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the 1991 Venice Film Festival, Best Male Lead from the Independent Spirit Awards, and Best Actor from the National Society of Film Critics.
My Own Private Idaho is considered a landmark film in the New Queer Cinema movement, an early 1990s movement in queer-themed independent filmmaking. Since its 1991 release, the film has grown in popularity and been deemed as a cult classic, especially among LGBT audiences. The film is notable for its then-taboo subject matter and avant-garde style.
Plot
Mike, a street hustler, stands alone on a deserted stretch of highway. He starts talking to himself and notices that the road looks "like someone’s face, like a fucked-up face." He then experiences a narcoleptic episode and dreams of his mother comforting him as he replays home movies of his childhood in his mind.
Later, after being fellated by a client in Seattle, Mike returns to his favorite spots to pick up more clients. He is picked up by a wealthy older woman who takes him to her mansion, where he finds two fellow hustlers also hired by the woman. One of them is Scott Favor, Mike's best friend, and the other is Gary. While preparing to have sex with the woman, Mike experiences another narcoleptic fit and awakens the next day with Scott in Portland, Oregon.
Mike and Scott are soon reunited with Bob Pigeon, a middle-aged mentor to a gang of street kids and hustlers who live in an abandoned apartment building. Scott, the son of the mayor of Portland, admits to Bob in private that when he turns 21, he will inherit his father's fortune and retire from street hustling. Meanwhile, Mike yearns to find his mother, so he and Scott leave for Idaho to visit Mike's older brother, Richard. Along this journey Mike confesses that he is in love with Scott, who gently reminds him he only sleeps with men for money. While visiting in his trailer, Richard tries to tell Mike who his real father is, but Mike says that he knows it is Richard. Richard tells Mike that their mother works as a hotel maid; when Mike and Scott visit the hotel, they find she has gone to Italy in search of her own family. At the hotel, they meet Hans, the man who drove them to Portland, and prostitute themselves to him.
With the money they received from Hans, Mike and Scott travel to Italy. They find the country farmhouse where Mike's mother worked as a maid and an English tutor. The young woman, Carmela, who lives there, tells Mike that his mother returned to the United States months ago. Carmela and Scott fall in love, which a jealous Mike observes all the while longing for Scott's affection, and return to the U.S., leaving Mike to return there on his own, broken-hearted. Scott's father dies, and Scott inherits his fortune.
Back in Portland, Bob and his gang confront a newly reformed Scott at a fashionable restaurant, but he rejects them. That night Bob has a fatal heart attack. The next day the hustlers hold a rowdy funeral for Bob, while in the same cemetery, a few yards away, Scott attends a solemn funeral for his father. At the end of the film, Mike is back on the deserted stretch of the Idaho highway. After he falls into another narcoleptic stupor, two strangers pull up in a truck, take his backpack and shoes, and drive away. Moments later, an unidentified figure pulls up in a car, picks the unconscious Mike up, places him in the vehicle and drives away.
Cast
River Phoenix as Michael "Mike" Waters
Keanu Reeves as Scott Favor
James Russo as Richard Waters
William Richert as Bob Pigeon
Chiara Caselli as Carmela
Udo Kier as Hans
Rodney Harvey as Gary
Michael Parker as Digger
Jessie Thomas as Denise
Grace Zabriskie as Alena
Flea as Budd
Tom Troupe as Mayor Jack Favor
Vana O'Brien as Sharon Waters, Mike's mother
Jim Caviezel as Airline Clerk
Wade Evans as Wade
Development
The origins of My Own Private Idaho came from John Rechy's 1963 novel, City of Night, which featured characters who were street hustlers who did not admit to being gay. Van Sant's original screenplay was written in the 1970s, when he was living in Hollywood. After reading Rechy's book, Van Sant realized that it was considerably better than what he was writing, so he shelved the script for years. In 1988, while editing Mala Noche, Van Sant met a street kid named Michael Parker who became a source of inspiration for the character of Mike in what would later become My Own Private Idaho. Parker also had a friend named Scott, a street kid like himself. In the script, Van Sant adapted the Scott character to that of a rich kid. The character of Scott was also fashioned after people Van Sant had met in Portland who were street hustlers.
Early drafts of the screenplay were set on Hollywood Boulevard, not Portland, with working titles such as Blue Funk and Minions of the Moon. Reading Rechy's novel had convinced Van Sant to change the setting to Portland. The script originally consisted of two separate scenarios: the first was called Modern Days and it recounted Mike's story; a second one updated the Henry IV plays with Scott's story. Van Sant realized that he could blend the two stories together in the manner of the "cut up" technique used by writer William S. Burroughs. In essence, this method involves various story fragments and ideas mixed and matched together to form a unique story. The idea to combine the two scenarios formed in Van Sant's mind after watching Orson Welles' Chimes at Midnight. The director remembers, "I thought that the Henry IV plays were really a street story. I also knew this fat guy named Bob, who had always reminded me of Falstaff and who was crazy about hustler boys". Van Sant realized that Prince Hal in the plays resembled the character of Scott and the sidekick was Mike. His script ended up becoming a literal restructuring of the Henry IV plays. Van Sant got the idea for Mike's narcolepsy from a man who was a guide of sorts when the director was gathering material for the film. According to the director, he always looked like he was about to fall asleep. The film's title is derived from the song "Private Idaho" by the B-52's that Van Sant heard while visiting the state in the early 1980s.
Van Sant showed the script to an executive at 20th Century Fox who liked Shakespeare. Eventually, he toned down the Shakespeare and made the language more modern. Van Sant was also working on a short story called "My Own Private Idaho" which he intended to film. It was 25 pages long and was about two Latino characters on the streets of Portland who go in search of their parents and travel to a town in Spain. One of them falls in love with a girl and leaves the other behind. Van Sant had another script called The Boys of Storytown, which had the Mike and Scott characters and Mike had narcolepsy. The characters of Hans and Bob were also present. Van Sant wanted to make the film but felt that the script was not finished. While editing Drugstore Cowboy, Van Sant combined the scripts for Modern Days and Storytown with the "Idaho" short story.
Initially, no studio would finance the film because of its potentially controversial and off-beat subject matter. After Drugstore Cowboy received favorable critical raves and awards, studios started to show some interest. However, they all wanted their own versions made and not Van Sant's. This frustration prompted the filmmaker to attempt the feature on a shoestring budget with a cast of actual street kids filling out the roles including Michael Parker and actor Rodney Harvey, who was going to play Scott.
Van Sant faced the problem of casting the two central roles. He decided to send the script to the agents of Keanu Reeves and River Phoenix, figuring that their agents would reject the script. Reeves' agent was amenable to the project, but Phoenix's agent would not even show the screenplay to the young actor. Not to be deterred, Van Sant got the idea for Reeves to personally deliver the film's treatment to Phoenix at his home in Florida. Reeves did so over the Christmas holidays, riding his 1974 Norton Commando motorcycle from his family home in Canada to the Phoenix family ranch in Micanopy, Florida, outside Gainesville. Reeves was no stranger to River Phoenix or members of his family, having worked previously with River on Lawrence Kasdan's I Love You to Death and with his brother Joaquin and girlfriend Martha Plimpton on Ron Howard's Parenthood. After reading the treatment, Phoenix agreed to play the role of Scott. However, since Van Sant had already cast Reeves in the role, they had to convince River to take on the edgier role of drug-addicted hustler Mike Waters. The director promised not to make either actor do anything embarrassing. Van Sant got an offer of $2 million from an outside investor but when he put off production for nine months so that Phoenix could make Dogfight, the investor and his money disappeared. Producer Laurie Parker shopped the script around and, at the time, New Line Cinema was in the process of branching out into producing arthouse films and decided to back Van Sant's vision with a US$2.5 million budget. In an interview in March 2012, Kiefer Sutherland said that he declined the offer by Gus Van Sant to star in the lead role because he wanted to go skiing, a decision he has said he regrets.
Principal photography
Principal photography took place from November to December 1990, primarily in Portland, Seattle and Rome. Scenes of the Idaho road depicted in the film were shot near Maupin, Oregon on Oregon Route 216. Phoenix arrived in Portland two weeks before principal photography was to begin in order to do research and Van Sant remembered, "He seemed to be changing into this character". One of the film's directors of photography Eric Alan Edwards recalled that the actor looked like a street kid", and "in a very raw way he wore that role. I've never seen anybody so intent on living his role". Several cast and crew members, including Michael Parker, Phoenix, Reeves and Flea lived together in a house in Portland during filming. A couple of times a week they would play music together. Due to the low budget, a typical day of shooting started at 6 am and ended at 11 pm.
The film was not storyboarded and was made without a shot list. The camp fire scene was originally a short, three-page scene that Phoenix re-wrote into an eight-page scene where Mike professes his love for Scott so that it was more apparent that his character was gay whereas Van Sant had originally made it more ambiguous. Phoenix described his process as his "own stream-of-consciousness, and this just happened to be one that was more than actor notes. Then Keanu and I refined it, worked on it . . . but it was all done quickly. It was something I wrote down a night, two nights, before, and then I showed it to Keanu and Gus. . . . And Gus kept the whole thing. He didn't pare it down. It's a long scene." Phoenix has stated that neither he nor Reeves felt uncomfortable with the textual nature of the queerness in Idaho. When asked if either he or Reeves were uncomfortable he said, "Nah, not at all." When asked if he was worried playing a gay prostitute may hurt his public image Reeves once said, "Hurt my image? Who am I—a politician? [laughs softly] No. I’m an actor. That wasn’t a problem."
Eric Edwards shot the time-lapse photography shots on his own. They were not in the script and the film's producer was worried that he was using up too much film. Van Sant originally had the screen go black when Mike passed out but was not satisfied with this approach. He used Edwards' footage as a way of "an altered sense of time" from Mike's perspective. Some executives at New Line were not in favor of the Shakespeare scenes and wanted Van Sant to cut them all out. However, foreign distributors wanted as much Shakespeare in the film as possible.
Music
The film's score was composed by pedal steel guitarist Bill Stafford, he recorded various arrangements for the film including instrumental adaptations of "Home on the Range" and "America the Beautiful". Stafford won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Film Music in 1992 for his score. Other original and selected songs from various artists were also featured in the film, including:
Eddy Arnold – "The Cattle Call"
Rudy Vallée – "Deep Night"
Udo Kier and Tom Dokoupil – "Mr. Klein"
Bill Stafford – "Home on the Range"
Bill Stafford – "America the Beautiful"
Jean Poulot and Jamie Haggerty – "Bachu Ber"
Aleka's Attic – "Too Many Colors"
Bruce Van Buskirk – "Ovoniam Ipse"
Bruce Van Buskirk – "Nun Freut Euch"
Madonna – "Cherish"
Elton John – "Blue Eyes"
Udo Kier and Tom Dokoupil – "Der Adler"
Elliot Sweetland, Richard Letcher and Vernon Dunn – "When the Saints Go Marching In"
Lori Presthus, Hollis Taylor and Kim Burton – "The Funerals"
Conrad "Bud" Montgomery – "Getting Into the Outside"
The Pogues – "The Old Main Drag"
The soundtrack was not released on any media.
Reception and release
Release
My Own Private Idaho was first premiered at the 48th Venice International Film Festival on September 4, 1991. It also received screenings at the 17th Deauville Film Festival, 16th Toronto International Film Festival and the 29th New York Film Festival. The film was released in limited theaters in the United States on September 29, 1991. It grossed US$6.4 million in North America, above its estimated budget of $2.5 million.
Critical response
Van Sant's film achieved critical acclaim. Film critic Roger Ebert wrote, "The achievement of this film is that it wants to evoke that state of drifting need, and it does. There is no mechanical plot that has to grind to a Hollywood conclusion, and no contrived test for the heroes to pass."
In his review for Rolling Stone magazine, Peter Travers wrote, "Van Sant's cleareyed, unsentimental approach to a plot that pivots on betrayal and death is reflected in magnetic performances from Reeves and Phoenix." Vincent Canby, in his New York Times review, praised the lead actors: "The performances, especially by the two young stars, are as surprising as they are sure. Mr. Phoenix (Dogfight) and Mr. Reeves (of the two Bill and Ted comedies) are very fine in what may be the two best roles they'll find in years. Roles of this density, for young actors, do not come by that often".
In his review for Newsweek, David Ansen praised Phoenix's performance: "The campfire scene in which Mike awkwardly declares his unrequited love for Scott is a marvel of delicacy. In this, and every scene, Phoenix immerses himself so deeply inside his character you almost forget you've seen him before: it's a stunningly sensitive performance, poignant and comic at once." Entertainment Weekly gave the film an "A−" rating and Owen Gleiberman wrote, "When Van Sant shows us speeded-up images of clouds rolling past wheat fields, the familiar device transcends cliche, because it's tied to the way that Mike, in his benumbed isolation, experiences his own life – as a running piece of surrealism. The sheer, expressive beauty of those images haunted me for days." J. Hoberman, in his review for The Village Voice, wrote, "While Phoenix vanishes with reckless triumph into his role, Reeves stands, or occasionally struts, uneasily beside his, unable to project even the self-mocking wit of Matt Dillon's star turn in Drugstore Cowboy." Hal Hinson from The Washington Post wrote "Gus Van Sant's sensibility is wholly original, wholly fresh. My Own Private Idaho adds a new ingredient: a kind of boho sweetness. I loved it."
Conversely, USA Today gave My Own Private Idaho two and half stars out of four, criticizing Van Sant's film for being "nothing but set pieces; tossed into a mix whose meaning is almost certainly private".
Time magazine's Richard Schickel wrote, "What plot it has is borrowed, improbably, from Henry IV, and whenever anyone manages to speak an entire paragraph, it is usually a Shakespearean paraphrase. But this is a desperate imposition on an essentially inert film."
In his review for The New Yorker, Terrence Rafferty wrote, "Van Sant has stranded the actor in a movie full of flat characters and bad ideas, but Phoenix walks through the picture, down the road after road after road, as if he were surrounded by glorious phantoms."
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 82% based on 56 reviews, with an average rating of 7.4/10. The site's critical consensus reads: "A tantalizing glimpse of a talented director and his stars all at the top of their respective games, Gus Van Sant's loose reworking of Henry IV is smart, sad and audacious." On Metacritic, the film holds a weighted average score of 77 out of 100, based on 18 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Home media
In 2005, the film was remastered by The Criterion Collection and released on a two-disc DVD set. The second disc features new interviews, outtakes and more information about the movie. This DVD set is accompanied by an illustrated 64-page-booklet featuring previously published articles and interviews with cast and crew and new essays by JT LeRoy and Amy Taubin, a 1991 article by Lance Loud and reprinted interviews with Van Sant, River Phoenix and Keanu Reeves. Entertainment Weekly gave the DVD a "B+" rating and wrote, "While you may enjoy watching My Own Private Idaho, whether you choose to view this two-disc Criterion edition in its entirety depends on how much you enjoy watching people talking about My Own Private Idaho", and concluded, "But with all the various interpretations and influences, this is definitely a film worth talking about".
In 2015 The Criterion Collection released the film in Blu-ray, based on a restored 4K digital transfer.
Awards and nominations
My Own Private Idaho received the Showtime International Critics Award at the 1991 Toronto Film Festival. River Phoenix received the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the 1991 Venice Film Festival. The actor said, in regards to winning, "I don't want more awards. Venice is the most progressive festival. Anything else would be a token". Phoenix then went on to receive Best Male Lead from the Independent Spirit Awards and Best Actor from the National Society of Film Critics. With 6 nominations at the 7th Independent Spirit Awards, it tied with Hangin' with the Homeboys for the most nominations during that ceremony. Winning 3, it tied with Rambling Rose for the most awards.
See also
My Own Private River (2012) — re-contextualized adventure drama film of My Own Private Idaho by James Franco
References
External links
My Own Private Idaho: Private Places an essay by Amy Taubin at the Criterion Collection
Category:1991 films
Category:1990s adventure drama films
Category:1990s avant-garde and experimental films
Category:1990s buddy films
Category:1990s coming-of-age films
Category:1990s independent films
Category:1990s LGBT-related films
Category:1990s road movies
Category:American adventure drama films
Category:American avant-garde and experimental films
Category:American coming-of-age films
Category:American films
Category:American independent films
Category:American LGBT-related films
Category:American road movies
Category:Buddy drama films
Category:Coming-of-age drama films
Category:English-language films
Category:Films about male prostitution in the United States
Category:Films about sleep disorders
Category:Films based on Henry IV (play)
Category:Films based on Henry V (play)
Category:Films directed by Gus Van Sant
Category:Films set in Idaho
Category:Films set in Portland, Oregon
Category:Films set in Rome
Category:Films set in Seattle
Category:Films shot in Oregon
Category:Films shot in Portland, Oregon
Category:Films shot in Rome
Category:Films shot in Washington (state)
Category:Gay-related films
Category:Incest in film
Category:LGBT-related adaptations of works by William Shakespeare
Category:LGBT-related buddy films
Category:LGBT-related coming-of-age films
Category:LGBT-related drama films
Category:Modern adaptations of works by William Shakespeare
Category:Narcolepsy in fiction
Category:Poverty in fiction
Category:Films with screenplays by Gus Van Sant | 2024-02-17T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3825 |
<?php
namespace Biz\RewardPoint\Service\Impl;
use Biz\BaseService;
use Biz\RewardPoint\Service\AccountService;
use AppBundle\Common\ArrayToolkit;
class AccountServiceImpl extends BaseService implements AccountService
{
public function createAccount($account)
{
$this->validateFields($account);
$account = $this->filterFields($account);
$this->checkUserExist($account['userId']);
$this->checkUserAccountOpened($account['userId']);
$account = $this->getAccountDao()->create($account);
$this->getLogService()->info('reward_point_account', 'create', '积分账户', $account);
return $account;
}
public function updateAccount($id, $fields)
{
$account = $this->checkAccountExist($id);
if (!empty($account) && !empty($fields['userId'])) {
$this->checkUserExist($fields['userId']);
$this->checkUserCorrect($account['userId'], $fields['userId']);
}
$fields = $this->filterFields($fields);
return $this->getAccountDao()->update($id, $fields);
}
public function deleteAccount($id)
{
$this->checkAccountExist($id);
$result = $this->getAccountDao()->delete($id);
$this->getLogService()->info('reward_point_account', 'delete', '积分账户', array('id' => $id, 'result' => $result));
return $result;
}
public function deleteAccountByUserId($userId)
{
$this->checkAccountExistByUserId($userId);
$result = $this->getAccountDao()->deleteByUserId($userId);
$this->getLogService()->info('reward_point_account', 'delete', '积分账户', array('userId' => $userId, 'result' => $result));
return $result;
}
public function getAccount($id)
{
return $this->getAccountDao()->get($id);
}
public function getAccountByUserId($userId)
{
return $this->getAccountDao()->getByUserId($userId);
}
public function searchAccounts($conditions, $orderBys, $start, $limit)
{
return $this->getAccountDao()->search($conditions, $orderBys, $start, $limit);
}
public function countAccounts($conditions)
{
return $this->getAccountDao()->count($conditions);
}
public function waveBalance($id, $value)
{
$this->checkAccountExist($id);
if (!is_numeric($value)) {
throw $this->createInvalidArgumentException('The value must be an integer!');
}
return $this->getAccountDao()->waveBalance($id, $value);
}
public function waveDownBalance($id, $value)
{
$this->checkAccountExist($id);
if (!is_numeric($value)) {
throw $this->createInvalidArgumentException('The value must be an integer!');
}
return $this->getAccountDao()->waveDownBalance($id, $value);
}
public function grantRewardPoint($id, $profile)
{
$operator = $this->getCurrentUser();
$account = $this->getAccountByUserId($id);
$flow = array(
'userId' => $id,
'type' => 'inflow',
'amount' => $profile['amount'],
'operator' => $operator['id'],
'way' => 'admin_grant',
'note' => $profile['note'],
);
try {
$this->beginTransaction();
if (empty($account)) {
$account = array(
'userId' => $id,
'balance' => $profile['amount'],
);
$this->createAccount($account);
} else {
$this->waveBalance($account['id'], $flow['amount']);
}
$this->getAccountFlowService()->createAccountFlow($flow);
$account = $this->getAccountByUserId($id);
$this->commit();
return $account;
} catch (\Exception $exception) {
$this->rollback();
throw $exception;
}
}
public function deductionRewardPoint($id, $profile)
{
$operator = $this->getCurrentUser();
$account = $this->getAccountByUserId($id);
$flow = array(
'userId' => $id,
'type' => 'outflow',
'amount' => $profile['amount'],
'operator' => $operator['id'],
'way' => 'admin_deduction',
'note' => $profile['note'],
);
try {
$this->beginTransaction();
if (empty($account)) {
$account = array(
'userId' => $id,
'balance' => $profile['amount'],
);
$this->createAccount($account);
} else {
if ($flow['amount'] > $account['balance']) {
throw $this->createInvalidArgumentException('Insufficient Balance');
}
$this->waveDownBalance($account['id'], $flow['amount']);
}
$this->getAccountFlowService()->createAccountFlow($flow);
$account = $this->getAccountByUserId($id);
$this->commit();
return $account;
} catch (\Exception $exception) {
$this->rollback();
throw $exception;
}
}
public function hasRewardPointPermission()
{
$settings = $this->getSettingService()->get('reward_point', array());
if (isset($settings['enable']) && $settings['enable'] == 1) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
protected function filterFields($fields)
{
return ArrayToolkit::parts($fields, array('userId', 'balance'));
}
protected function validateFields($fields)
{
if (!ArrayToolkit::requireds($fields, array('userId'))) {
throw $this->createInvalidArgumentException('Lack of required fields');
}
}
protected function checkUserExist($userId)
{
$user = $this->getUserService()->getUser($userId);
if (empty($user)) {
throw $this->createNotFoundException("user {$userId} not exist！");
}
}
protected function checkAccountExist($id)
{
$account = $this->getAccount($id);
if (empty($account)) {
throw $this->createNotFoundException("account {$id} not exist");
}
return $account;
}
protected function checkUserAccountOpened($userId)
{
$account = $this->getAccountByUserId($userId);
if (!empty($account)) {
throw $this->createInvalidArgumentException("user{$userId}'s account have been opened");
}
}
protected function checkAccountExistByUserId($userId)
{
$account = $this->getAccountByUserId($userId);
if (empty($account)) {
throw $this->createNotFoundException("user'{$userId} account not exist");
}
}
protected function checkUserCorrect($originUserId, $newUserId)
{
if ($originUserId != $newUserId) {
throw $this->createInvalidArgumentException('Param Invalid: userId');
}
}
protected function getUserService()
{
return $this->createService('User:UserService');
}
protected function getAccountDao()
{
return $this->createDao('RewardPoint:AccountDao');
}
protected function getAccountFlowService()
{
return $this->createService('RewardPoint:AccountFlowService');
}
/**
* @return LogService
*/
protected function getLogService()
{
return $this->createService('System:LogService');
}
protected function getSettingService()
{
return $this->createService('System:SettingService');
}
}
| 2023-08-20T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/7169 |
longdesc_ro=Modificați parolele pe mai multe sisteme dintr-un cluster Webmin simultan.
desc_ro=Cluster Schimbă parolele
| 2024-04-26T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6949 |
Barcelona are trying to dampen speculation regarding the transfer of Neymar to PSG and asked the player to send a message assuring fans he will not be leaving and calming down the rumours.
It’s clear that a message on social media, where the Brazilian is very active, would be the best way of stopping the rumours in their tracks. In fact, the player was on social media during his rest day but did not make any reference about his potential transfer to PSG. | 2023-11-10T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8450 |
Sorry
We've been examining and dissecting beta versions of Windows 8 for almost a year. In that time, a few traits have become eminently clear. First and foremost, no matter what you think about Windows 8's design, it's a towering engineering achievement: Microsoft managed to bolt a very capable, modern, touch-friendly interface (I'll stick with calling it Metro for now) onto a stalwart (some would say stodgy) workhorse, coming up with a product that's familiar to more than a billion users, and forward-looking at the same time. That's quite an accomplishment.
But sometimes engineering achievements are appreciated only by the engineers. From the user's standpoint, Windows 8 is a failure -- an awkward mishmash that pulls the user in two directions at once. Users attracted to the new touch-friendly Metro GUI will dislike the old touch-hostile desktop underneath. By the same token, users who rely on the traditional Windows desktop will dislike having to navigate Metro to find settings and apps they intuitively locate in Windows 7. Microsoft has moved the cheese.
Now that Windows 8 has arrived (today for MSDN and TechNet subscribers, and tomorrow for Microsoft Partner Network members and Volume Licensees), the harsh analogies -- "Windows Frankenstein," "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde operating system" -- may be applied conclusively. While Windows 8 inherits many of the advantages of Windows 7 -- the manageability, the security (plus integrated antivirus), and the broad compatibility with existing hardware and software -- it takes an axe to usability. The lagging, limited, often hamstrung Metro apps don't help.
In this review of the final, RTM version of Windows 8, I'm not going to reexamine what's come before; almost everything discussed in my Release Preview review and in my Consumer Preview review still stands. There's no Start button on the desktop, and the utilities that managed to graft Start onto older beta versions don't work with the final RTM Win8. The new Metro Start screen remains relentlessly two-dimensional with flipping tiles that look like LEDs on the Vegas Strip. Moving from Metro to desktop and back again, especially on a large and touch-deprived monitor, will have you reaching for the Dramamine.
I can confirm after months in the trenches and talking with many hundreds of testers that anyone who defines "real work" as typing and mousing won't like Windows 8 one little bit. Let's take that as a given and move on from there.
Big changes in appearance In RTM, the transfer from the Vista-era Aero interface to the boxy, opaque, shadowless, glowless, and shine-free flatland style pioneered in Windows 3.1 seems complete, with one small exception: I don't know why, but the desktop taskbar still shows a bit of transparency (squint at the flower stalks in screen image below).
When the window border color is set to automatic -- as is the case in the screen image, the default -- the shade of window borders and the taskbar changes, depending on the hues in the desktop background. Some people like the new layout, some don't, but Aero is gone for good, apparently a victim of its power-draining excesses.
Windows Aero is no more, except for a trace of transparency in the Taskbar.
On the other hand, the Metro Start screen offers a surfeit of choices, with 20 swirly background patterns (including, mercifully, one option with no swirls at all) and 25 predefined color combinations. The result is a Start screen that greets seasoned Windows desktop fans with all the visual subtlety of an overflowing Bass-o-Matic. (See the Windows 8 Photo Gallery.)
Bigger changes in Metro apps Every version of Microsoft's Metro apps that we've seen to date -- Mail, People, Calendar, Messaging, SkyDrive, Weather, News, Finance, Travel, Sports, Games, Camera, Music and Video -- has been labeled Preview, for good reason. With few exceptions, the apps showed tortuous lapses and manifest bugs. That's changed a little bit.
Metro Mail brings up a yeomanly three-column display when viewed on a Metro-size 1,366-by-768 monitor, with folders, a message list, and a viewing pane that works as you would expect. There's still no ability to add new folders or to drag messages to a specific folder. (Moving a message to a folder entails a down-flick or right-click and a manual selection of the destination folder.) In a head-to-head comparison with Microsoft's Hotmail replacement, Outlook.com, Metro Mail doesn't even come close in any identifiable category. Metro Mail doesn't consolidate inboxes for multiple email accounts, but it can work in a pinch as a small, light email application.
Metro Mail can connect with Hotmail (including Outlook.com, Live.com, and MSN), Exchange (including Office 365 with EAS), and Gmail. It'll also hook into IMAP mail accounts, but it still doesn't recognize POP3. Most damning, it won't import anything from other Microsoft mail programs -- none of the stand-alone versions of Office Outlook, no Windows Live Mail, no Windows Mail, no Outlook Express.
With Metro Calendar rounding out the PIM triumvirate, connecting any of the three Metro apps -- Mail, People, Calendar -- to Hotmail (Outlook.com, Live.com, MSN), EAS, or Google will bring your mail, contacts, and calendar into the corresponding Metro app. As any database admin will tell you, the problem with consolidating diverse data sources in that way lies in sorting out overlaps, duplications, and obsolete information. While the three Metro apps make a brave stab at consolidating conflicting information, I found the whole exercise overwhelming and the automated tools inadequate, and I ultimately gave up. Of course, that isn't a Windows problem, but it's a very real headache for a lot of customers.
While it's possible to jury-rig some import vectors -- for example, exporting an Outlook Contacts database to a flat file and importing it to Google Contacts -- in general, there's no way I could find to get my existing stand-alone Office Outlook Calendar or Contacts, or Windows Contacts (Vista, Win7), into any of the Metro apps.
There's a new Metro app on the default Start screen called, simply, Bing. Tap or click the Metro Bing tile and you get a Bing search screen that links directly into Bing's Trending list, with current hot news topics such as "Evelyn Lozada of Basketball Wives T-Shirt Shop Entrepreneur." The search screen also gives you one-step-removed search results.
Other Metro Bing apps have seen some improvement. The bug in the Bing Finance app's Russell Index listing that I mentioned previously is gone, although Bing Finance continues to offer only 20-minute time-delayed stock quotes. Metro Bing News now updates its main news item much more frequently than it did during beta.
Metro Bing Travel was dealt a heavy blow earlier this week when Google announced it was buying the travel guide publisher Frommer's. A very large percentage of the travel articles in Bing Travel -- including almost all of the Featured Destinations descriptions, and hotel and restaurant recommendations -- come from Frommer's. That's likely to change shortly, I should think.
The Windows Store expanded greatly with new offerings, including eye-candy Metro versions of Solitaire and Minesweeper, both published by Microsoft Studios, the Xbox developer group inside Microsoft. The legacy version of both programs -- indeed, all of the old Windows games -- have been retired. (No, the new versions don't have the same old cheats.)
Slight changes to the Windows desktop There are few user-noticeable changes in the Windows desktop programs; as best I can tell, the changes are almost entirely cosmetic.
One exception: with the Enterprise version of Win8 now available, Windows to Go -- portable Windows 8 on a USB stick -- comes out of the closet. In my brief tests with WTG, I was surprised to find that it worked on any machine I could find, as long as it could boot from USB. WTG even managed to conjure up some esoteric drivers. On the downside, it's painfully slow without a USB 3 connection, and the software required to create the bootable USB drive is only available in the Enterprise version of Win8.
In general, Microsoft's programs on the RTM version of Windows 8 run considerably faster than on the Release Preview version. That's true of both system programs on the desktop side and Metro apps. I also found it applied to both traditional mouse-and-keyboard systems and on a touch-sensitive tablet.
One of the most intriguing changes: Internet Explorer 10 still has Do Not Track as a default, but Microsoft put the option to turn off DNT into the Windows setup procedure. (In spite of what you might have read, the option is located in Win8 setup, not in IE setup.) If you take the defaults when you install Windows 8, IE10 has DNT turned on -- a controversial move that puts Microsoft on the side of privacy advocates and pits it against advertising groups. Whether Microsoft's approach satisfies the many conflicting calls for DNT implementation remains to be seen.
Clarification on available versions Last month, Microsoft announced several upgrade routes for moving from XP, Vista, and Win7 to Windows 8. The long and short of it is that every Windows customer qualifies for an upgrade license, and it costs $39.99 until Jan. 31, 2013. Accordingly, Microsoft isn't going to ship shrink-wrapped retail boxes containing Windows 8 upgrade DVDs.
On the other hand, if you don't want an upgrade -- that is, you're installing Win8 on a newly constructed machine or you're using it for dual-boot or you'll stick it inside Boot Camp or another VM -- Microsoft has (finally!) clarified that a new version of Windows, the System Builder edition, will suffice. Unlike the old Windows OEM versions that have been clouded in EULA double-talk for a decade, this edition is clearly intended -- and licensed -- for single use on any PC.
Some people think that Windows 8 and Windows 8 Pro tablets will hit the market by storm. Having used Windows 8 on desktops, a laptop, and on a tablet for almost a year now, I'm considerably more skeptical. Although Win8 running on an Intel tablet will undoubtedly solve some specific corporate (and personal) requirements, I certainly don't expect a massive move to Windows 8, either in the office or at home.
Windows RT Surface tablets, based on the ARM processor, may be a different story. We'll learn more about RT's chances in the coming weeks. One thing is for sure: There's going to be significant demand for Windows 7 laptops and desktops for the foreseeable future. | 2024-07-25T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/2508 |
Wild Animals/green hornets
Thank you for your question. I also wish to thank the authors of the websites I used.
There are a couple of coincidences here. Only recently, I was reading an article about aggressive Asian giant hornets that stung people, some of whom died after being stung over 10 times. Secondly, I have been stung 4 times by wasps,so I'm wary of them. It was painful for a time, but I didn't suffer any long-term problems, as far as I know.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hornet#Stings and Pandi Panda (http://voices.yahoo.com/hornet-stings-guide-treating-hornet-6277330.html) say hornet stings are more painful to humans than are typical wasp stings because hornet venom contains 5% of acetylcholine. The intense pain can make many people to worry it will cause permanent damage. A hornet sting is usually nothing to worry about, but can be dangerous in certain situations. Hornets usally sting to defend their hives from disturbances by clumsy humans.Hornet stings are poisonous, but that poison is usually delivered in small enough amounts that it is not dangerous to humans. It would take about 1000 hornet stings to kill an adult human (500 hornet stings to kill a child). A hornet sting does not usually therefore pose a serious threat to most people, unless they are allergic to wasp venom. Hornet stings are in general, however, much more painful than those of most wasps because the venom in a hornet sting typically contains about 5% acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that helps to transmit the pain signal to your brain. Individual hornets can sting multiple times. Some hornet species deliver a typical insect sting, while others are among the most venomous insects. Single hornet stings are not fatal, except to some allergic victims. Multiple stings by non-European hornets may be fatal due to highly toxic species-specific components of the venom. The stings of the Asian giant hornet (Vespa mandarinia japonica) are the most venomous known. People who are allergic to wasp venom are also allergic to hornet stings. In severe cases, allergic individuals may go into anaphylactic shock and die unless treated promptly. http://voices.yahoo.com/hornet-stings-guide-treating-hornet-6277330.html gives details about how to treat hornet stings.
I hope you haven't been stung 5 times by a hornet. If you have, hopefully you will follow the advice above.
Expertise
I can answer questions about wild mammals and other animals, as well as extinct animals and zoos.
I am not an expert about every animal species. I can look up information from books and the internet, but can't verify if all the information is true.
Please don't ask questions about:
1. Pets. I am not a vet. Please contact a vet if your pet is ill. You may need to spend some money if you want your pet to live. Don't get a pet if you don't know how to look after it and if you can't provide it with the space, food and possible companions that will help it live a healthy life.
Don't take animals from the wild, unless they are ill and/or injured and you can protect them until a wildlife charity can help. It is cruel to take animals from their parents, especially if the parents will look for the babies, while putting their other babies at risk.
You may be breaking the law by keeping wild animals or you may need a licence to look after some species. Please check with a local wildlife group.
2. Eggs: Please don't remove eggs from nests. The mother birds provide the right temperature for the eggs and won't sit on them if the temperature is warm enough for them to develop naturally. It is illegal to remove eggs of some species and, unless you have an incubator or a broody hen, the egg may not develop. If you are allowed to touch the eggs, you can candle them to see if they are fertile. If theys aren't fertile, they won't hatch.
3. Fights: Please don't ask about fights between different animals. These questions assume that individuals of two species fight each time they meet and that one species will always be victorious over another. This is untrue. There are cases where a live mouse has been fed to a venomous snake, bitten the snake leading to the snake's demise.
4: Diseases: Please ask doctors or other medical experts about diseases that you may catch from animals. I can't advise on how to deal with viruses, bacteria etc.
Experience
I have a zoology degree and have been interested in animals since I was two. I am a zoo volunteer at London Zoo. I have appeared on a BBC Radio Quiz, 'Wildbrain'. | 2023-11-26T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4908 |
Butanol and butyric acid production from Saccharina japonica by Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium tyrobutyricum with adaptive evolution.
Optimal conditions of hyper thermal (HT) acid hydrolysis of the Saccharina japonica was determined to a seaweed slurry content of 12% (w/v) and 144 mM H2SO4 at 160 °C for 10 min. Enzymatic saccharification was carried out at 50 °C and 150 rpm for 48 h using the three enzymes at concentrations of 16 U/mL. Celluclast 1.5 L showed the lowest half-velocity constant (Km) of 0.168 g/L, indicating a higher affinity for S. japonica hydrolysate. Pretreatment yielded a maximum monosaccharide concentration of 36.2 g/L and 45.7% conversion from total fermentable monosaccharides of 79.2 g/L with 120 g dry weight/L S. japonica slurry. High cell densities of Clostridium acetobutylicum and Clostridium tyrobutyricum were obtained using the retarding agents KH2PO4 (50 mM) and NaHCO3 (200 mM). Adaptive evolution facilitated the efficient use of mixed monosaccharides. Therefore, adaptive evolution and retarding agents can enhance the overall butanol and butyric acid yields from S. japonica. | 2024-07-19T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/2189 |
Wednesday, October 26, 2011
Conscience is like a cash crop. Watered, it grows. Its fruits are refreshing. Neglected, it withers and dies.
Unfortunately, neglect of conscience is easier than acquiring the humility it takes to maintain conscience. Whenever I am not listening to conscience, then Ego takes center stage.
Now Ego is a bad manager. You know, the boss who takes all the credit, and issues all the orders and generally works very unilaterally, the archetypal despot. “All that is worth doing had better center on me,” says Ego. “The universe does my bidding.” This mindset banishes rational and moral sanity into exile, and government ceases.
Ego is a bad lover. Whereas love is that which seeks to give rather than take away, Ego is a selfish-minded beast out to satiate lust – with the least amount of commitment possible. “No strings attached” is one of Ego’s wildly popular inventions. But there is a reason why when she start playing games he better put that woman first. Why? It’s very rational: if the beef deteriorates into an egoistic tug-of-war, the abundance of casualties will be unbearable even if I win. Ego, the ruthless warlord, cares nothing for me, his mercenary.
Ego is a bad advisor. “You alone are right. You must win,” says Ego, “No one else deserves to!” Thus am I conscripted into my own army, fighting in the war of me against the world, commandeered by Ego. Meanwhile the true war, the great controversy between good and evil, is lost from sight. Civil war seems to have erupted in my sector. For what cause? “Me?”
Ego is easy to obey, being both seductive and gratifying. Conscience is hard to listen to, its brilliant truth is also harsh and piercing. Natural man is easily pleased to pamper ego, even at the danger of destruction, and half-willing to kill conscience, and thus put an end to her hazard warnings, misgivings and inhibitions.
A war wages on every day in every living man’s life: Ego and Conscience campaign for our ballot. Good and Evil are always set before us, choice required on the spot. Ego dangles the carrot and flashes a bribe, while conscience stretches the finger of blame and points to the load of responsibility. In sum, these elections and referenda determine our fate.
{Prov. 5:22} His own iniquities shall take the wicked himself, and he shall be holden with the cords of his sins.
Tuesday, October 25, 2011
Philosophy can pass for nerdy talk in the age of Big Bang Theory. Philosophers are naturally a slick lot, using hard words to get away with exceedingly annoying levels of abstraction. They will work your wits into a knot with lofty normative edicts . Experiment: pick up any philosophy book and see if page one tickles your fancy.
If your intellectual mettle can withstand and understand the thick tomes philosophers like to publish, you are an academic trooper! The world brands thinkers like you with scholarly titles and distinctions - and thus gets you out of the way. A firebrand once co-opted into the hands of the powers that be is called 'just a torch now'. Ask one PLO Lumumba. In fact, if knowledge was applied indiscriminately (not exploited primarily for profit), the world would be much nicer. But inconvenient information is hid from view until the status quo lets slip otherwise or dictates the correct angle to view it from. But I digress.
The word Philosophy is Greek for "love of knowledge". In order to test this claim among its purported adherents, I took upon my shoulders the task of summarizing, simplifying and testing some noted philosophers' works. It all crumbled to hot air beneath some indelicate interpretation by yours truly.
The Crux of Darwin's Theory of Evolution (for Dummies):
"Your gramps was a worm. Your dad an ape, your uncle a gorilla, You're still not finished evolving So your kids will be more human than you are likewise their kids after them So sit back and relax."
I think not. Where there is no knowledge, there is no love of knowledge. Darwin would have flunked my philosophy test. Zero percent. And a warning memo about his GPA.
On to the next philosopher, one Karl Marx, for this quote he would have gotten a patent for were he not preaching communism: "Religion is the opium of the masses."
Opium is illegal today in most jurisdictions. But if once upon a time someone could identify whole populations high on opium, who dare say that person was not their chief spokesman? Not me. It takes one to know one. Marx knew nothing of true heart religion. Besides, what he really was saying is "I need a bigger nastier high called politics. Politics is the crystal meth of the elites. I'm one of the elites too by the way, comrades. I'm a philosopher dammit!"
Let him stand in the corner with his negative zero percent grade.
Alright now I'm pushing it.
In sum, there's only one complete true and comprehensive philosophy, in plain and accessible language: the Word of God. Check it out.
Sunday, October 23, 2011
The English language came to our dark lands riding upon the warships of colonial powers. Or you could say it arrived within the same suspiciously gift-wrapped package as other foreign and erstwhile unheard of 'pestilences' like smallpox and rinderpest (three cheers for the dawn of civilization!) Or you could credit missionaries with finding time to teach it to "natives" - at least when they were not demonstrating to befuddled onlookers the coital position later to be named in their honor. Whichever way, the thing is damn foreign.
I for one strongly believe that this hard fact excuses natives, and all generations of their descendants, who domesticate their English to fit their situation. Slang really is very necessary when first world talk enters third world reality. Don't mind that certain properly mentally colonized persons can't stand mongrel dialects being suffered to mate with pure-bred Queen's English, birthing bastardizations of speech which roll uncomfortably and ungrammatically off the tongue, and, to add insult to injury, colliding harmoniouslessly against them blessed eardrums - only to register nothing in the brain. Total havoc.
In my dictionary, which nobody has pretended to show any willingness to publish yet (surprise of surprises!), foolaroundability is one's natural propensity to forget one's place. For example, this venture of mine, a native proposing to fellow non-English speakers (passed TOEFL? No?) to do with English what they pretty damn well like, demonstrates my excellent grasp of foolaroundability, if I may say so myself. So employ me. Seriously.
Intelligerence: being warlike intelligently. Not, you know, like that native blogger lambasting TOEFL for the fun of it.
Joyancy: when you're so happy you're floating above it all. Seriously, how can "joy" just remain joy when we have "happiness" for happy? They say necessity is the mother of invention. You know, maybe because I'm a native, English avails scant joyancy when I consider all its rules.
If English was a lady, she'd be loose, and a multiracial herd would ever run after her exclaiming 'mama!' even as she hurried off to her next new tryst. Join the bandwagon soon, at least before I threaten to sue some publisher or other, following which my "Highly Flexible English Dictionary for Native Non-English Speakers" hits the shelves and shortly thereafter becomes required reading in all nursery schools and workplaces. Thus shall I make my fortune.
Monday, October 17, 2011
Gone are the days when ladies were required to comport themselves with poise while fending off approaches from fervent suitors who bothered to fake a dignified bearing. The 21st century's gat them chasin' that paper - both the ladies and their suitors.
So I had just found a three-year old apology addressed to me. I could have called The Ex: “Hey, remember that drawing book of mine you burnt, way back in 2008? I didn’t know you were sorry but now I know so it’s alright I forgive you.” But I foresaw all the ways that approach could backfire on me.
“Let me go beg her for you now,” offered Angela in a mock Naija accent, when I went to her room many floors above mine to accidentally describe the details of the fix I was in. “After all, she’s our wife.”
A happy couple splitting the work
She seemed to relish the prospect too. I was in luck, considering that I had set my hopes only as low as some good advice (like "Argh, it's been three years, forget about it!") I was all too happy to let Angela make the call. She had been my "lawyer" once in the past, and had done a good job. I think.
As Angela chattered on phone with “Our Ex”, GalPal emerged from nowhere - alright, from an inner room. (Impulsive catching of the breath.) On seeing me, glared daggers. I said hi: "How was rehab? Long time no see straight?" Rolling her eyes, she traipsed over for a spineless handshake. “You know what your problem is?” she said to me as she took a seat, “You’re too nice.” She sneered. "And too slow. Such a turn-off." If I thought my ego was taking damage, she wasn't finished yet. The bombshell: "Do you sometimes obsess about me, Antony? coz I saw your blog."
Angela laughed, betraying that she was no longer on phone. "He has a blog?"
I would have denied that the two had anything to do with my blog, which I didn't even have, but GalPal tore my would-be defense to shreds even before I got to it. "Yeah, in his blog I'm GalPal and you're Angela." She HAD read the blog. Why did I assume it would never be found?!
So I told GalPal rather obliquely that, in my blog, it wasn't her that I obsessed over, it was me.
I patiently reminded her that she had already given a eff. "One night last semester."
That shut GalPal up, but at great cost. Before she could dream up a retort (tongue-tied by the awesome quickness of my wit as she was), Angela fixed us knowing looks after overhearing the foregoing, smiling like she had swallowed the cat that had been let out of the bag.
effers!
Having lost that particular verbal bout, GalPal turned her back on me and got real personal with Angela. Topics of discussion were carefully crafted to exclude me. It became as though I wasn't even there. I think it takes rare skill and a very cold heart to make someone feel like they are not where they actually physically are.
Absent? Present?
And time crawled. My own business with The Ex having been suspended, I couldn't help overhearing whatever else happened to be on the agenda. And they couldn't discuss weaves and high fashion forever. Eventually, GalPal got round to doing what she really came to do, which was apologizing to Angela for stealing her ex-boyfriend (anyone remember QezH?) from her. Strange apology to be making. By all appearances she was being sincere. Still, I nearly choked on a big lump of Incapacity To Believe Her Guts.
According to rules no one has written anywhere but everyone knows, (best) friends do not inherit the exes of (best) friends under any circumstances. It shouldn't matter that the said (best) friends are male or female; bitterness bites nevertheless. Guys just know how to stifle their choking gall better and can thus fake friendship as though it's all cool, when it's really uncool in our heart of hearts and we're waiting with wicked patience for the perfect chance to strike back with cold devastating revenge. Ladies will rub friends forever immediately and/or kill someone same time because that someone is their worst enemy who used to be their best friend. Betrayal brings out our worst inner beast.
Angela said exactly nothing at the end of GalPal's hazard venture. Just stared, blinking regularly. I considered leaving them to their privacy but hey, ringside seat, gimme a break. Besides, they might need a referee anytime now. And it only got more intense because suddenly GalPal cried real tears. And then Angela started crying also, but before she could forgive GalPal, she first unleashed upon her person what Kenyan journalists like to call "a string of epithets." GalPal nodded sheepishly through it all. When all bad feeling had thus been successfully exorcized, the two friends cried some more in each others' embrace.
Even though I said "Hm! Women," my eyes were a bit moist and I was happy for them so I clapped to advocate my happiness about their renewed alliance.
...if only there had been a vuvuzela nearby!
To those two BFF's, I had always been the witness of major events, or sometimes a disposable band-aid, and even a long-term crutch for their testy episodes. They are more like sisters if you ask me. Somehow I held a stake of a sort in their continued alliance.
While they were still hugging, I seized the opportunity to extricate myself from the emotional tangle, crept out while they sobbed, fled from embarrassing questions about the motivations behind my blog and never saw them again to this day.
As I walked down the stairs, I determined that I would talk to The Ex by my own initiative. Apparently, cautious, indirect people are a turn-off for ladies of this generation. They want us to BRING IT ON. Ask GalPal.
Friday, October 14, 2011
I keep journals. It all started innocently enough, when the sudden shock of going to boarding school while yet a senior primary ignoramus (pun intended) sent me on an adventure into myself. Today there's a wide variety of my old, filled-up journals, editions of which are scattered in the many places I've called home since senior primary, including this here blog.
One day I sat at a corner I like to call The Office and started sorting out things to burn later. You can bet that when you finish university, no one will have any use for your written and drawn in class notebooks nor your abortive schemes for world domination. So I was going to burn them. In the course of sorting the chaff from the wheat I came across The Yellow Book. It is a very old journal, which I started writing before I joined university.
The best thing about going through old journals is the opportunity to look back in awe or utter shock depending on how well thought out or shallow your views were back then. Then you can say "I know better now" or "I'm growing backwards mentally." In many ways, new realizations arise from looking at old things with new eyes. Most importantly, back when I wrote, I had absolutely no idea what would become of me afterwards.
As I sat at the Office, The Yellow Book exposed a lot of my naïveté and inexperience of back in the day. Plus a whole ton of idealism which, alas, I seem to have lost. Innocence is priceless I say. If impractical youths were given mikes they could do standup comedy without breaking a sweat. My ears were getting hot as I read the commitments I and a certain girl had made to each other, implicit though they were. Many pages on, I had started nicknaming her The Ex, believing I would only ever have one ex in my whole life. And if things went well, she wouldn't be an ex for very long. The Yellow Book made it very obvious that I really liked that girl. It was written by a younger me, who hadn't learnt to erect walls of pride and exclusion.
Before long the stupid book started working on my tender nerves, such that I forgot that I had taken a principled stance against love in more recent times. (That stance is elaborated here.) Suddenly, I caught myself exclaiming "What happened to you!"
Man up! exclaimed the alter ego, and I determined to burn the damn book, along with the unflattering marked exam scripts and brain-deadening class notes, but only as soon as I finished reading it. So I flipped through it some more.
Suddenly, a card I had never seen before fell out of The Yellow Book. The handwriting on it belonged to The Ex. She was apologizing, in unequivocal terms, for burning my drawing book. That was the main offense for which we had broken up.
The note could only have been three years old plus, and I was finding it for the first time! I was also bothered that she'd apparently read The Yellow Book (she signed off on the apology as "The Ex," complete with stinging quotation marks.) If she had read The Yellow Book in its entirety, and decided, on the back of information thus gleaned, to write me an apology, then I had real cause for some sort of embarrassment, even if the reaction was overdue by three years.
major crisis scenario
Three years is a long time not to know that an apology even exists for something that you've been carrying the torch for. It would be polite to acknowledge receipt of it. I temporarily allowed myself to forget that nostalgia has been the undoing of many a youth. I couldn't help thinking, what if I had discovered the note on time? What could have been? The real question was: what if upon joining university I had not turned my back on the Yellow Book?
Tuesday, October 11, 2011
I never thought the day would come when I would say this. Hear me out.
With great sadness do I declare that chauvinism is ingrained in the minds of men. Go to any male sports team's changing room at man-talk time and you'll get the picture. Go to any bar and listen. Put your ear to the ground soon after any woman declares her desire to vie for the top seat in the country. Expected findings: the only difference between individual men is the amount of training we have undergone in order to act and speak as though the "fairer gender" is equal to the "stronger gender".
For some of us, the training is as rigorous as sexual harassment lawsuits and restraining orders can get. Most of the rest of us simply avoid rocking the boat and get by agreeably. And therein lies the fatal trap: though we act enlightened, and know the science of the gentleman at a theoretical level, useful perhaps for conjuring up tricks on Valentine's Day, we do not otherwise believe it as completely as we should!
The usual gimmicks involving pulling seats and opening doors are not in themselves enough to fashion a liberated gentleman. Yet every mainstream relationship guru with a breath to breathe on the thing will harp on about the necessity of flowers too and then heave off about whispered sweet nothings being the key to her heart. But, alas, it isn't that simple.
To illustrate, if man was not half-expected to be a philistine chauvinist from the outset by default, the current frequency of "gender violence" would be a scandal of crisis proportions. NGOs wouldn't need to "spread awareness" about what is otherwise obviously unacceptable barbarism. And it wouldn't be quite so funny (as it seems to be today) if the occasional man was thoroughly beaten up by his wife or girlfriend, and sat on for good measure, because, in a truly fair world, one might as well beat the other instead, right? But chauvinism goes much deeper than the dry duality of beating or not beating the partner to ICU, nor even treating or not treating the mate to expensive bribes. Instead, it's a whole attitude, a mindset, even a fixation.
You know how, in the thin-walled apartments of nowadays, you sometimes overhear the neighbor "consulting widely" with his wife or girlfriend? That guy's never once dreamed of beating her, and probably never will.
See how widely he consults!
Humor me as I delve into the nitty-gritty. Sex, which is the central basis for gender in the first place, is a very powerful physiological and psychological experience. It even tends to emphasize and distort many accompanying emotions. And it strengthens the bond, even if that bond is "purely physical". Thus, for example, every break-up between sexually-active lovers is always heartrendingly hard, even if the stated couple eagerly wanted to murder one another (B_WTB has more on that here). Unfortunately, at the same time, the current format of the sex act is rigidly rigged to inflate the thoughtless man's ego with notions of dominance, and exponentially grow them, until they expel from his mind anything contrary. Sensationalist mass media and its first cousin, the porn industry, don't help prevailing impressions either. Once a man associates sex with dominance, his girl has a real obstacle to overcome in chauvinism. And men won't suddenly stop having sex to better appreciate the fairer sex; or what are they fairer for?
Sorry, that came out wrong.
Because of this major crack in our thinking, this refusal to acknowledge our chauvinism that stares us in the face, there shall ever be a hapless man, feeling victimized, thinking he did nothing wrong, looking lugubrious, standing in the defendant's box at civil court. And you can put your money on it.
About this blog
The time is at hand! Truth from the heart. Partly online journal, partly social commentary, occasionally going off on political tangents, with a smattering of economic terms. Learning at the Lord's feet, closely watching the final chapters of the Great Controversy. | 2024-06-01T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6384 |
Q:
Is it safe to return a casted reference?
Let Point be a class whose instances can be explicitly casted to a wxPoint:
class Point{
private:
int x;
int y;
public:
explicit operator wxPoint() const
{
return wxPoint(x, y);
}
// More stuff
}
I have a function that returns a reference to an object of type Point. The header of such a function is:
const Point& GetPoint();
My question: is it safe to define the following Foo function?
const wxPoint& Foo() const{
return (wxPoint&) GetPoint();
}
First I implemented Foo with return (wxPoint) GetPoint();, but that created a new (local) object and therefore a useful warning is triggered. The code shown here compiles without warnings.
All the information I found on this kind of casting refers to inherited classes, which is not the case here.
An explanation of what is exactly going on when casting a reference in this way would be really appreciated.
A:
Actually your conversion operator is never called. You are returning a reference to a point instance from GetPoint. Later you used a C style cast that in your case will be equivalent to a reinterpret_cast<> (see here). You are casting a reference to Point into a reference to wxPoint, and the two are completely unrelated types. On the other hand any operation on the returned reference is undefined behavior.
My suggestion is to always use C++ cast operators. They have benefits:
C++ style casts are checked by the compiler.
C++ style casts can be searched easily.
C++ style casts express the intent of the programmer.
A:
The other answers have already explained that casting Point& to wxPoint& simply lies to the compiler, telling it that the object the reference is bound to is a wxPoint object, which is not true. Your program will have undefined behaviour if you try to access a wxPoint object through that reference, because it isn't bound to a wxPoint object. Sometimes when you lie to the compiler it can't give you warnings and just has to trust that you're not doing something crazy.
The fix is to stop trying to return a reference to an object that doesn't exist:
wxPoint Foo() const {
return GetPoint();
}
This will use your conversion operator to construct a wxPoint and return that by value, which is OK. Trying to return by reference when there is nothing to bind the reference to is not OK.
A:
Casting a reference into an unrelated reference type is not safe. While the cast itself has no side-effects, accessing the original object through the reference of another type has undefined behaviour (unless type aliasing rules provide an exception, like they do in the case of char but that does not apply here since standard specifies no such exception for wxPoint).
The conversion operator is not involved and makes no difference.
An explanation of what is exactly going on when casting a reference in this way would be really appreciated.
The "C style" cast does one of const_cast, static_cast or reinterpret_cast or their combination, in that order of preference. There are no static_cast that apply to unrelated references.
Only thing that applies to converting const Point& into wxPoint& is reinterpret_cast followed by const_cast. reinterpret_cast does:
6) An lvalue expression of type T1 can be converted to reference to another type T2. The result is an lvalue or xvalue referring to the same object as the original lvalue, but with a different type. No temporary is created, no copy is made, no constructors or conversion functions are called. The resulting reference can only be accessed safely if allowed by the type aliasing rules (see below)
The code shown here compiles without warnings.
Using reinterpret_cast is like telling the compiler that you know what you're doing might seem bonkers, but not to worry, you know what you're doing so no need to warn about it. Using it should be done with great care.
Since C style cast may do reinterpret_cast implicitly, the need for great care applies to it as well.
| 2023-11-22T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8871 |
Those who have chatted football with me or have kept in touch on or off over the past year or so will know that this is something that I’ve looked forward to for a long time. And it’s true – I was never completely convinced by his appointment, and even the thrilling 13/14 season never fully swayed me.
But though I welcome his departure and am wholly relieved that we can finally look forward with excitement instead of apprehension – this is still a sad day for Liverpool Football Club.
Not because we have lost a manager who has preached on about character, loyalty and humility despite not embodying any of those values – his public calling out of young players whenever faced with extreme pressure, his undermining of players he didn’t want and owners he couldn’t satisfy in the press, his mess of a life off the pitch – they showed as much.
Not because we have lost a manager who would be much better as a politician or a used car salesman – his public smear campaigns of players he wanted out despite public praise upon their arrivals, his extreme bias towards his own favorites while always reverting to transfer committee acquisitions when push comes to shove, his continual proclamations of philosophy and vision without having any such execution – they all showed as much.
And not because we have a lost a manager who has put himself and his ego over the good for club – starting a reserve team without our club captain and talisman against Real Madrid at the Bernabeu, trying to be the pupil who beat his master in a potentially title-clinching game when a draw would’ve done, calling out Tottenham for spending £100 million and not challenging despite delivering much less for much more – they all showed just as much.
This is a sad day because what we wanted in the aftermath of Hodgson/Dalglish mess was someone to steady the ship and get us back to greatness. Luis Suarez provided a wonderful respite and an exciting illusion. But alas, the Brendan Rodgers era proved not just to be a failed experiment, but far more disastrous than the Roy Hodgson era. And the final nail in the coffin was his claim that we were facing another rebuilding job. Our fourth in four years.
it’s not just whether a Liverpool manager delivers results befitting a club of our stature; it’s how he does it and how he carries himself. If you talk a good game, you’re expected to deliver – or at least not make a fool of yourself and your club. Unfortunately, the shine and sheen ultimately gave way to expose an underbelly of frivolity, pettiness and fluff.
I look forward to an appointment that will rouse and unite the fanbase once again, and allow us to get excited about Liverpool again. I want to relish every match and block off my weekly calendar to sit down and cheer for my team again. I still think that’s really not too much ask – after all, isn’t that ultimately the point of being a football fan?
The hard-fought nature of Liverpool’s 2-1 win over Southampton last Sunday—with Simon Mignolet featuring prominently again—recalled memories of last season’s opening-day victory over Stoke City, which set the foundation for a scintillating Premier League campaign.
This time around, though, the pressure on the Reds is just slightly stronger, the expectations just slightly higher. Manager Brendan Rodgers will be looking to kick his side into gear and rediscover the momentum, form and confidence that saw them win so many plaudits last season.
News that Mario Balotelli may be on his way to Anfield from AC Milan, according to Ben Smith of BBC Sport, would be the icing on the cake for Reds fans, who have seen their team break the £100 million spending mark on eight players this summer transfer window.
If they are to take that next step and win silverware this season, here are five keys to success that Liverpool should keep in mind throughout the campaign.
Daniel Sturridge’s Fitness
Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images
There’s no doubt that any move for a striker to strengthen Rodgers’ squad in the closing days of the summer window—whether it is Balotelli or not—would alleviate the massive burden Luis Suarez’s exit placed on Daniel Sturridge’s shoulders.
Yet there’s no escaping the fact that Sturridge will remain pivotal to Liverpool’s fortunes this season, and his fitness is key to him enjoying a successful season.
Sturridge has had his fair share of injury troubles—his early exit from Liverpool’s preseason tour of the United States may well have prompted the Reds hierarchy to look for another first-team striker—and having two top-quality forwards would be a massive boon to the Reds’ fortunes.
One of the Premier League’s best goal scorers when available, Sturridge’s style of play is a perfect fit in Liverpool’s attack, and even as Rodgers looks to make full use of a much larger squad this season, the fitness of his leading man up front may well dictate how their season turns out.
A Consistent Back Five
Jon Super/Associated Press
For the time being, it seems as though Rodgers has settled on a central defensive duo of Martin Skrtel and Dejan Lovren; however, the as-yet untried prospect of Lovren on the right and Mamadou Sakho on the left is tantalizing, if it works as it promises to on paper.
With the signings of Javi Manquillo and Alberto Moreno, Rodgers will likely start with them as his first-team full-backs, but now he has a variety of backup options on the flanks as well who will look to compete for a place in the starting XI.
After a season that saw them concede 50 goals—in the end, a defining blemish on an otherwise outstanding campaign—it should be Rodgers’ priority to sort out a leaky defence if they are to sustain their performances from last season, particularly as their rivals have strengthened considerably as well.
That Liverpool have upgraded their defence is unquestionable; the key now is to ensure that there is a consistency in starting places across the back to ensure that they can form a tight, cohesive unit through playing together week in, week out.
Making Full Use of Substitutes
Alex Livesey/Getty Images
What’s a bigger squad good for if not for the manager to fully utilize it? Last year’s limited available options had Rodgers often starting with the same XI every week and left him with a dearth of genuine alternatives on the bench when he needed a spark or a game-changer late during a match.
This year, it’s totally different: Every position has competition, and good players will miss out on the 18-man match-day squad entirely from time to time, leaving first-team players with much more motivation to sustain their level of performance.
No longer will Rodgers need to throw debutants into the deep end, like he did with Brad Smith at Stamford Bridge in December, because of a shortage of squad options. He will now be able to call on good impact players from the bench when he needs to.
The Premier League allows each team to make three substitutions each match. For arguably the first time during his tenure at Anfield, Rodgers finally has the tools to take full advantage of this quota.
Managing Squad Rotation
Michael Regan/Getty Images
Beyond making the right in-game substitutions, Rodgers will need to do something with his squad this season that he hasn’t had to do too much in his previous seasons at Liverpool: choose different starters depending on opposition.
Now blessed with a myriad of options to choose from, he will need to manage his squad rotation policy right so it doesn’t hurt the momentum of players in form, but he can still use them to their full potential and ability when the fixtures start coming thick and fast.
Then there’s the crop of players whose place in the team may be severely threatened by new arrivals: Rodgers will need to be on top of his man-management game to keep the likes of Daniel Agger and Lucas Leiva happy over the course of a hectic season.
Managing squad rotation is something every top-level manager in every top-level team has to get right. This season is a good opportunity to show whether Rodgers is up to that task to bring success to Anfield.
Stick to a Set Vision
Alex Livesey/Getty Images
When it comes to a vision and a blueprint for the game, it’s safe to say that Liverpool fans and players alike can rely on Brendan Rodgers to have an underlying approach to the game that he insists on instilling into his charges.
Still arguably a side in transition and maturation, Liverpool showed signs of pure aesthetic perfection at times last season, yet there were also occasions when their tactical naivety let them down, as they struggled to find a few results when it mattered.
With another year gone by, however, Liverpool should be far more equipped when it comes to adopting and implementing Rodgers’ vision and approach—and it will help that he now has more tactically mature players at his disposal to do just that.
To align themselves with Rodgers’ ideologies, the Liverpool players must stick to the vision that got them to this position in the first place and not abandon it at will when time and results are at stake.
With the signing of Javier Manquillo and the impending arrival of Alberto Moreno, per TheGuardian‘s Andy Hunter, suddenly Liverpool look quite a bit more stacked in the full-back department than they did just a couple of weeks ago.
Manquillo and Moreno’s additions to Brendan Rodgers’ squad have been offset by the departure of Andre Wisdom on a season-long loan to West Bromwich Albion earlier this summer, as well as the likely exit of Martin Kelly on a permanent transfer to Crystal Palace, according to Garry Doolan of the Daily Mail.
But with some much-needed strength and depth added to the full-back positions this summer, Rodgers finally has genuine options to choose this season for different contexts, systems and formations.
Let’s assess the battle for the full-back slots at Anfield ahead of the new campaign.
David Ramos/Getty Images
Manquillo and Moreno, Regular Starters
With Manquillo going straight into Rodgers’ starting lineup for Liverpool’s final preseason friendly against Borussia Dortmund, and Moreno apparently a big-money first-choice target for the left-back position, they will likely begin the season as starters at full-back.
While a single game for Liverpool—and just six for Atletico Madrid, his parent club, at the senior level—may not be conclusive of Manquillo‘s true ability and potential, what he did show against Dortmund reflected the qualities that he will bring to the Reds’ first team in the short to medium term.
He might not have Moreno’s searing speed and renowned attacking ability, but Manquillo‘s defensive solidity, as well as a good sense of timing when it comes to venturing forward, makes him a complete full-back capable of putting a shift in at both ends of the field.
Moreno’s attacking nous brings him further forward, promising to be a key part of the Reds attack, while his quickness and positional intelligence will allow him to make up for any ground lost while bombing up and down the flank.
As such, both Manquillo and Moreno offer much more than Jon Flanagan and Glen Johnson, who looked set to start the campaign in the first team before the arrivals of the Spanish full-backs.
Bob Leverone/Associated Press
Other Options and Formations
Flanagan’s limited technical ability unfortunately hampers his overall appeal—his maturing tactical understanding is offset by a lack of finesse on the ball—while Johnson’s erratic positioning and questionable work rate belies an evident technical accomplishment on the ball.
Behind both Flanagan and Johnson in the pecking order is Jose Enrique, who boasts an impressive physique and is more than a match for pacy forwards with his physicality, but he needs constant guidance on the pitch when it comes to positioning and the timing of his runs.
Together, they offer decent backup to Manquillo and Moreno, as well as tactical flexibility: With fewer defensive duties as a wing-back, Johnson would be an ideal option in a 3-5-2 or 5-3-2 variant, which would free him from a more rigid defensive position and let him attack down the flanks at will.
Flanagan, meanwhile, would be a very good option to come off the bench when in need of some backs-to-the-wall defending or to play alongside a more adventurous central defender on either flank—his versatility, along with Johnson’s, will prove useful over the course of the season.
Moreno’s attacking ability, meanwhile, is an ideal candidate for a left wing-back position, which means that in any such formation that requires two wing-backs to take on Liverpool’s attacking responsibilities down the flanks, Rodgers could turn to him and Johnson as his starters.
Adam Hunger/Associated Press
Time for the Backups to Prove Their Worth
What this offers is much healthier competition across the squad for the first-team places at Anfield and many more alternatives for Rodgers to choose from. With the Reds looking to challenge on all four fronts this season, having both strength and depth in the full-back department will be valuable and much welcomed.
Yet as Manquillo and Moreno look to establish their places in the first team alongside new signing DejanLovren in a new-look and overhauled defence, there is still plenty for Rodgers and his coaching staff to do if they are to get a leaky defence fixed and build a solid platform to support their midfield and attack at the back.
As Rodgers tries out his different options and combinations across the back four, while Manquillo and Moreno will likely feature as the regular first-team starters, the sheer number of games Liverpool will be playing this season allows Flanagan, Johnson and Enrique to show their manager what they’re capable of.
Flanagan’s remarkable resurgence may have been hampered by more esteemed and technically accomplished signings, while Johnson will need a season reminding all around Liverpool what he’s capable of at his peak. Enrique, as well, will need to prove that he’s much more than just brawn on the field.
This has been the hallmark of Liverpool’s summer-acquisition strategy so far: increase the strength and depth across the squad, while providing players ample opportunity to seize a chance to outshine their colleagues for a place in the team.
Rodgers may start the campaign with a few ideas in mind, but the message has been clear already throughout preseason: There are places up for grabs in this Liverpool team.
With Brendan Rodgers active in the transfer market and securing a number of signings already at Anfield, the obvious lack of a proven goalscorer at the highest level is glaring and often prompts worried discussions.
Yet amid all the nerves and apprehension with which Liverpool fans consider that Suarez is one of the very best players in the world and replacing him is a tall order, there is one thing that they have overlooked.
The current squad-trumps-all setup at Liverpool provides the answer to their most burning question: Yes, Daniel Sturridge will continue to flourish at Liverpool without Luis Suarez.
Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images
Pace Coursing Through Anfield
A quick glance at Liverpool’s highlights and attacking play from last season shows the stunning number of goals they scored because of the pace coursing through their side.
And while Suarez was an excellent player on the break due to his pace, first touch, close control, creativity and one-on-one ability, not to mention his much-improved finishing under Brendan Rodgers, his departure will not affect the dynamic and quick nature of this Reds side.
Because his departure, in terms of pace, has already been offset (and arguably eclipsed) by the signing of Lazar Markovic from Benfica and the likely arrival of Loic Remy from Queens Park Rangers, as reported by BBC Sport. Both players showed their acceleration—and most of all, their attacking output at pace—with their respective clubs last season (Remy, of course, having spent the campaign on loan at Newcastle United).
Add these two speedsters to the already lightning-quick Raheem Sterling and Jordon Ibe, and this is a side with pace written all over it. Sterling will be looking to further stamp his authority on the Liverpool first team after a stellar first full season, and Ibe will have ample opportunity to make the step up to senior football over preseason.
It’s this speed and acceleration with which the Reds can play that makes Daniel Sturridge so dangerous: Whether he’s supporting a main striker (for the time being, Rickie Lambert) or leading a three-pronged attack himself, his ability to play off the shoulder of the last defender makes him a tough prospect for opponents.
Suarez’s departure has deprived Sturridge of a partner who can reliably and consistently deliver the unpredictable and whose individual talent will occupy more than one defender at a time, but across the forward positions Sturridge has already gained much more he can be working with.
Scott Heppell/Associated Press
All-Rounded Midfielders in Support
Behind Sturridge and his forwards and wingers, the Liverpool midfield has already featured some significant upgrades this offseason, with further additions likely to arrive at Anfield before the transfer window slams shut.
Already Rodgers has added the silky skills of Adam Lallana and the versatility and all-rounded skill set of Emre Can, both of whom will be adding vision, passing and pressing in equal measure to a tactically and positionally intelligent midfield contingent of Philippe Coutinho, Jordan Henderson, Joe Allen and Steven Gerrard.
The maturation of Coutinho from a stereotypical Brazilian No. 10 into a dominant No. 8 capable of bossing the midfield, with a newfound pressing mentality and his trademark flair and passing skills, has been nothing short of impressive. And there has already been enough made of Henderson and Allen’s contributions from both a central and a more advanced position in the midfield.
The potential of Can to become Liverpool’s very own resident box-to-box dynamo is surely mouthwatering to both his colleagues on the pitch and the fans in the stands, as will the prospect of even more seamless transitioning from defence into attack.
All of which will contribute to an overall attacking approach that will be designed to unleash the collective and electric talents of Liverpool’s forwards, and Sturridge is a key part of this exciting system designed to create as many goalscoring chances as possible.
Add the considerable all-round technical ability of Rickie Lambert, whose playmaking skills from centre-forward can be as productive and devastating as his midfield colleagues’, and Sturridge surely stands to benefit even further.
Alex Livesey/Getty Images
Collective Intelligence and Brilliance
Throughout his reign at Anfield, Brendan Rodgers has constantly and consistently championed the importance of the team over any individual, and that message was reinforced loudly and clearly when Liverpool confirmed Suarez’s departure in July.
But those who paid attention to Rodgers’ preparations last season will know that this wasn’t just a statement to appease Reds fans in the wake of a star’s departure; he has constantly set up his team to make the most out of their collective intelligence and brilliance.
Given Suarez’s goals and scintillating match-winning performances last season, this may appear to be a statement in vain, but a clear example of the varied attacking approach that Liverpool have adopted and introduced came last season in the form of set pieces, where they were arguably the most dangerous team across the Premier League.
The team’s movement and awareness is a product of their two years drilled in Rodgers’ system, and their fearlessness and dynamism were on show during their exciting 11-game winning streak from February to April last season, all of which will surely last the distance regardless of Suarez staying or leaving.
What Liverpool have lost is a genius and a maverick capable of breaking scoring records, but what they have potentially gained in return is a hard-to-beat mentality honed by a title challenge last season—with more quality still to be added. Only this time, it’s Daniel Sturridge who stands to benefit at the tip of everything attacking coming out of Liverpool’s half.
If it’s a team working for one another and who knows each other’s moves and contributions inside out that is capable of going places, then as much as Liverpool fans may miss the individual brilliance week in, week out—they will look forward even more to the success that the Suarez-less Reds are capable of.
With Luis Suarez’s departure for Barcelona and Iago Aspas’ likely exit from Anfield, per James Pearce of the Liverpool Echo, as it stands Liverpool’s senior forward options to start the new season are Daniel Sturridge, Fabio Borini and new signing Rickie Lambert.
On paper, a far cry from Suarez and Sturridge’s 52-goal partnership last season, which did more than just prove prolific: Their pace, movement and dynamic creativity struck fear into the hearts of opponents up and down the country.
With Alexis Sanchez, originally a target to be included in Suarez’s deal with Barcelona, having joined Arsenal, Liverpool have missed out on arguably one of their most attainable forward options in the summer transfer window.
Yet as Brendan Rodgers continues his scour for striking talent across the world, all is not lost: In Rickie Lambert, he has a talented, all-round striker who will be giving his all upon a dream return to his boyhood club.
And as the Reds fight on four fronts this season, whether they sign a new first-choice partner for Sturridge or not, Lambert might well have it in him to chip in with 20 goals in all competitions.
Here’s how.
Jon Super/Associated Press
The New SAS
Out goes one half of the famed SAS partnership; in comes another to replace him. Life goes on.
Suarez may be a once-in-a-generation kind of talent, and his performances last season certainly elevated him into the echelon of the greatest players ever to have played for Liverpool, but there was another “S” that blossomed last season, also with Rodgers’ coaching.
That player, of course, is Raheem Sterling, who, having spent almost a full season in the Liverpool first team and forcing himself into thePFA Young Player of the Year candidate pool, will be looking to take off and reach his full potential.
From being whispered in conjunction with a loan outside of Anfield to starting for England in the World Cup within just a few months, Sterling showed rapid enough progression last season to potentially win over even the toughest critics. He showed a turn of pace and the dribbling technique to rival Sturridge‘s, and his vision, work rate and interpretation of space perhaps even exceeded the No. 15’s.
With Rickie Lambert in the side, Sturridge and Sterling will be flanking him as the focal point of the Reds attack. Lambert’s first touch, close control, passing, positioning and chance creation will no doubt play a pivotal role in setting the platform for the new SAS to thrive.
In return for the space that he helps put them into, their pace and off-the-shoulder runs will occupy the attention of enough defenders to create enough space for Lambert himself to get into. And Lambert is as cool, calm and collected in front of goal as anyone in the Premier League.
Clive Rose/Getty Images
Movement, Movement, Movement
For all of the assists that Suarez laid on for his team-mates last season, he was the undisputed individual star of the team, who frequently passed to him and relied on him to bail them out of trouble or get through a sticky patch.
That is no criticism. Far from it; it is merely an acknowledgement of the individual brilliance that he brought to Liverpool, who will undoubtedly be worse off from a magical game-changer point of view.
Yet as hard as Suarez might’ve been to mark, potentially still harder is Liverpool’s collective movement that will be on display this season. Three years into Rodgers’ reign, his team finally look confident and comfortable enough to carry out his tactical and positional plans, and it’s no surprise he has signed players this summer that will help his team achieve that as a collective.
Adam Lallana, Lambert’s captain at Southampton, may always be considered overpriced at a reported £25 million, per Andy Hunter ofTheGuardian, but he dovetailed with Lambert to great effect at the Saints and will offer plenty of movement between the lines in Rodgers’ system.
So too the effervescent Jordan Henderson and the underrated Joe Allen, as well as the electric new signing Lazar Markovic.
If there is a style of play that Lambert thrives in, it is one that is based on sound movement and intrinsic understanding of each other’s positioning. And not only will Lambert be a creator of goals just like his team-mates; he will also score them.
Ian Walton/Getty Images
Set Pieces
There is also the small matter of set pieces, and Liverpool, with pace and technique coursing through their side, are one of the most prolific set-piece winners in the Premier League.
Not to mention one of the league’s best at scoring from them. And adding Lambert into the equation will only help things.
First, for all the talk about Lambert’s technical ability, passing and close control, he remains a fine option in the air. He might not be quite as aerially dominant as Anfield flop Andy Carroll, but his positional intelligence and timing more than makes up for it. Getting Lambert on the end of a Steven Gerrard corner or free-kick would be a quite sumptuous prospect for Reds fans.
Then there are direct free-kicks, another area of expertise for Lambert, who has scored a few screamers for Southampton in his two-year Premier League journey with the Saints, including one against Crystal Palace last September. Suarez’s exit has deprived Liverpool of a strong alternative to Gerrard on free- kicks, but Lambert may prove just as prolific from range.
Finally, Rodgers’ squad will be strengthened by the addition of another composed mind from the spot. With 48 penalties scored from 49 attempts over the course of his career, Lambert is arguably one of the finest penalty-takers in the Premier League; his record eclipses even that of regular specialist Gerrard. Could he even usurp his new captain on penalty duty?
Regardless, Lambert’s versatility and well-roundedness offers his boyhood club a valuable option up front, both off the bench and from the start. In a team that creates chances in abundance and almost oozed goals last season, even without Suarez, Lambert stands to thrive.
An improvement on his total goal tally of 17 across all competitions last season might not be too far-fetched.
Now that Luis Suarez’s transfer to Barcelona has been confirmed (via BBC Sport), Liverpool fans, players and management alike are eager to secure a big-name signing to keep spirits up at Anfield ahead of the 2014/15 Premier League season.
With Alexis Sanchez moving to Arsenal instead of Liverpool as part of a deal for Suarez, perhaps one of the more attainable potential world-class targets has escaped from Brendan Rodgers’ clutch, leaving the Reds manager to set his sights elsewhere on a replacement for the Uruguayan striker.
To be sure, Rodgers has already been linked with moves for Southampton’s DejanLovren (per the Standard) and Sevilla’s Alberto Moreno (per the Daily Star), but there is another name out there that has been floated as a possible Liverpool target, and would instantly improve their defensive setup.
Step up Javi Martinez.
The Bayern Munich man has already been linked to the Reds in the off-season by the Mirror, and while any pursuit for Martinez would be difficult and likely expensive to bear fruit, he might just prove to be the transfer signing Liverpool need to win a Premier League title.
Lynne Sladky/Associated Press
Javi Martinez: The Complete Midfielder
Let’s start off with considering Javi Martinez as a defensive midfielder, the position he started his senior career in with Athletic Bilbao.
At 6’3”, Martinez represents a fearsome physical package at the base of the midfield, but also an accomplished passer of the ball and tactically and positionally excellent, with accurate and timely tackles a hallmark of his game.
His excellent defensive skills have propelled him to become one of the premier midfielders in Europe, while his complete technical base also allows him to switch from a specialist defensive midfielder into a dominant box-to-box player when needed.
Indeed, Pep Guardiola deployed him as a box-to-box attacker on occasion for Bayern last season, which offers much more of a tactical option to any team.
ESPN’s Graham Hunter once wrote, when Martinez was still at Bilbao, that his abilities “put him in the same class as [Patrick] Vieira as well as Roy Keane, Fernando Redondo, Edgar Davids and the much-underestimated RinoGattuso (Daniele De Rossi, too).”
Both on paper and on the pitch, then, Martinez would be the ideal world-class option to anchor the Liverpool midfield.
Lynne Sladky/Associated Press
Potential First-Choice Central Defender?
As if a versatile midfield option in the mould of the imperious YayaToure weren’t enough, Javi Martinez also boasts the awareness and positional sense to allow him to excel as a center-back.
Guardiola has proved as much already, having played Martinez in that position to great effect at club level. And per Bundesliga.com, Paco Garcia-Caridad, the head of sports station Radio Marca, called for Spain manager Vicente Del Bosque to field Martinez as a central defender in place of the hapless Gerard Pique as recently as in the aftermath of Spain’s disastrous 1-5 defeat to the Netherlands in the 2014 World Cup.
Another Bundesliga.com editorial even claimed that Martinez is leading a football revolution with his reinvention of the much-vaunted libero role in Guardiola’s team, recalling the masterful Lothar Matthaus and the legendary Franz Beckenbauer.
While Martinez, at 25 years of age, is evidently yet to match the levels and legacy of the two German greats, his understanding of the game and defensive intelligence allow him to excel all throughout the central core of the defence and midfield.
Considering Brendan Rodgers’ penchant for tactical innovations, he may well experiment with alternate formations outside of his favored 4-3-3 and 4-2-3-1, and a 3-5-2 or 5-3-2—which Rodgers has used prominently—would see a libero/sweeper role become one of the team’s most important positions.
Martinez might even usurp the likes of Martin Skrtel into become Rodgers’ first-choice center-back and marshall a three-man defence featuring the precocious MamadouSakho.
Matthias Schrader/Associated Press
A Statement of Intent
Lastly, away from what Martinez would bring to Anfield on a football level—which is a whole lot, and most importantly a unique package that Liverpool currently don’t have—he also brings the weight and stature in the game that would instantly reflect the Reds’ ambitions.
And in the aftermath of Suarez’s departure, the club may feel that they are in need of a big-name signing to both placate unsettled fans and show their intent on competing on all fronts to prospective player signings.
With Bayer Leverkusen’s Emre Can already secured as a potential long-term replacement for club captain Steven Gerrard this summer, Martinez would be a signing who would be able to hit the ground running and establish himself at Anfield.
And who knows—Javi Martinez may well be the ideal heir to Gerrard’s legendary No. 8 shirt. After all, he’s already wearing it for Bayern Munich.
So after a good few weeks of speculation, it’s finally official: Luis Suarez has left Liverpool to sign for Barcelona, as confirmed by BBC Sport, for a fee of about £75 million.
As Liverpool fans across the world start to come to terms with the news that one of their greatest-ever players has left after leading the Reds to within a whisker of the Premier League title last season, they might be feeling just a little apprehensive about the coming 2014/15 campaign.
And who could blame them? After all, it’s not just any ordinary forward who has left Anfield: Suarez left at the peak of his powers, having matured from a profligate finisher to a world-class forward, setting scoring records in the Premier League last season despite missing his first five league games of the season.
Yet—unbelievable as it may be—it’s not all doom and gloom for the Reds. Sure, it will be a tough ask replacing the 30-plus goals Suarez now guarantees a season, but there should be other priorities in Brendan Rodgers’ mind even now.
He must focus on strengthening his defence.
Mike Hewitt/Getty Images
Defence a Red Achilles’ Heel
By the end of the 2013/14 Premier League season, when Manchester City had finally usurped Liverpool as champions-elect, it was too little, too late to realize where Liverpool had lost the title.
Perhaps Steven Gerrard will forever shoulder much of the blame for his fatal slip against Chelsea, when he mistakenly put Demba Ba through on goal. And perhaps it was the throwing away of a three-goal lead at Selhurst Park that confirmed their fate.
But throughout the whole campaign, it was Liverpool’s defence that let them down. A total of 50 goals conceded—the second highest among the top eight, just a solitary goal behind sixth-placed Tottenham Hotspur—said it all about a shaky defensive unit that frequently had to rely on an admittedly all-star attack to bail them out.
Suarez’s departure will add more pressure to his ex-strike partners to come close to the astonishing 101-goal haul last season, but it will also place the spotlight on a leaky defence that has to get better.
There are always two sides to the same coin and two contrasting ways to look at a trend: Namely, that Liverpool showed both strength in character and mentality to secure comebacks and outscore their opponents by one goal to get the three points—but equally, Rodgers’ back four weren’t exactly a reassuring presence when they needed to be.
Of course, it didn’t help that due to injury, Rodgers was deprived of his first-choice back four for most of the season—though that was the opportunity that Jon Flanagan took with both hands to resurrect his career at Anfield—but the time has come now to address these problems.
Alex Livesey/Getty Images
Upgrades Are Needed
It seems strange to see Liverpool building bright young midfield and forward lines, especially with the signing of Emre Can and the blossoming of Raheem Sterling, on a foundation provided by an increasingly erratic Glen Johnson, an inconsistent Martin Skrtel, a hesitant Daniel Agger and a perpetually injured Jose Enrique.
Though Johnson seemed to have rediscovered his form at times toward the end of the season, it is telling that he has yet to sign a contract extension. As things stand, he will be a free agent next summer.
As prolific as Skrtel was last season, scoring seven league goals in 36 games, he was also responsible for four own goals, and his concentration and leadership have yet to truly convince.
Vice-captain Agger is a curious case. As one of the Reds’ most loyal servants in the group, he seems to have lost the faith of Rodgers, with Mamadou Sakho often preferred as the starting left-sided center back, and he is even linked with a summer exit from Liverpool, according to Spanish newspaper Mundo Deportivo (h/t Vaishali Bhardwaj of Metro).
Finally, Enrique’s brand of physical and brazen football doesn’t fit in well with Rodgers’ preference for intelligent tactical play; even Flanagan’s displays seemed to have worked better in his system.
Given the high-profile links with Southampton’s Dejan Lovren, per Gary Jones of the Daily Star, it seems evident that Liverpool have identified center back as a priority position, but the reality is that upgrades are needed all across the back four.
And we haven’t yet touched on the hotly debated position that is goalkeeper.
Clive Rose/Getty Images
An Unlikely Smokescreen Would Be Nice
Yet for all of the strengthening that Liverpool’s defence need, the rumor market is still in a frenzy linking the Reds with a forward to replace the goals of Suarez.
Now that Alexis Sanchez, previously a candidate either to play with Suarez at Anfield or to replace him as part of the deal taking the Uruguayan to Camp Nou, has joined Arsenal, the seemingly most adequate successor has slipped out of Rodgers’ grasp.
All well and good, except they seem to hint that the club are preoccupied with filling the Suarez-shaped void up front and neglecting the obvious issues at the back.
Besides Lovren, Liverpool have not been seriously linked with any central defender, while an on-again, off-again approach for Sevilla’s Alberto Moreno seems to be their only lead in the full-back areas.
Which leaves arguably more than half of all the defensive positions in need of upgrading, if we include Simon Mignolet’s position between the Anfield posts.
Shave away Suarez’s 31 league goals from Liverpool’s total tally, and they would have scored just one fewer than Chelsea. Contrast Liverpool’s 50 goals conceded with Manchester City’s 37 and Chelsea’s 27—even Arsenal’s 41—and we arrive at the root of the Reds’ failure to win the league.
There are big issues to address at the back for Brendan Rodgers. Liverpool fans should be hoping that the incessant and never-ending striker rumors are but a smokescreen for the real revolution that needs to take place in defence. | 2023-08-23T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3530 |
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Get your free quote scheduled now. See for yourself how affordable your renovation could be. | 2024-01-16T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5946 |
Maxillary impacted canine with congenitally absent premolars.
Multiple treatment options are available to patients who have impacted canines in addition to congenitally absent premolars. Management options for impacted maxillary canines can include (1) continued observation, (2) extraction of the primary canine to aid spontaneous eruption, (3) uncovering and bonding of the impacted tooth and its eruption using orthodontic traction, (4) autotransplantation, and (5) extraction followed by prosthetic replacement. The options for the treatment of missing premolars can include the following: (1) maintaining the primary molars, (2) spontaneous space closure after early extraction of the primary molar, (3) autotransplantation, (4) prosthetic replacement, and (5) orthodontic space closure. In this case report, treatment of a patient with an impacted maxillary canine and agenesis of three second premolars will be presented. | 2024-04-18T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/7031 |
Q:
Google map grid loading, but not showing the map
In my android application ,I try to use Google map .Then i get key from shacode. i followed this tutorial to get Api key visit http://mirnauman.wordpress.com/tag/google-maps-api-key/ And I used my key in project Android manifest.xml.
This is my code :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.example.googlemaps"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="6"
android:targetSdkVersion="16" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<uses-library android:name="com.google.android.maps" />
<activity
android:name="com.example.googlemaps.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<meta-data
android:name="com.google.android.maps.v2.Api_key"
android:value="MyGooglekey" />
</application>
</manifest>
A:
I founded follow links and i solve this matter.Thank you all.This Tutorial explained A-Z path to solve this problem.follow link 1;
Another thing is Now can used android studio it is more than easy
can be follow this tutorials.follow link 2;
http://www.todroid.com/how-to-create-a-google-map-application-using-android-studio/
http://www.androidhive.info/2013/08/android-working-with-google-maps-v2/
| 2024-03-18T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/7754 |
It is a bit ironic that DeShields is campaigning to get drafted by the Wings while Davis' Tweeter Mom prays for her to get traded. (Based only on her choice of apparel at the recent Dream game Wilson may prefer a Dallas address next season as well.)
Wilson was there supporting her BFF Gray that why she wore "grays" tip off shirt
The chances of Cambage playing a single game next season for dallas is less than 25%.Injury,trade,exclusive contract with overseas team,and change of heart are all potential obstacles.The long layoff,and Liz's injury history has me concerned.Is she in good enough condition to play a full wnbl season without getting hurt ?..Liz also makes it clear that she wants to play in the wnba again,but not necessarily in dallas.I won't get my hopes up on Liz joining the wings until she makes a verbal commitment,and signs a contract.
Whether Liz shows up or not,acquiring a young starting center with some size should be high on the wings priority list.Dallas should have offered the #4 pick & player to chicago for Dolson & Quigley before the 2017 draft.
Coming from inside sources here in arlington Cambage will be a wing next season zune enough said Weather its 1 season or 20. She will play in Dallas next year, Enough said . How long will you continue to beat this dead horse.
I want Dallas to add DeShields. Then play her alongside Christmas, Davis, Gray and Powers. Then I want hear announcers and coaches talking about how you deal with the Wings wings attack
I would kind of like that too. It would drive Liberty and Sky fans crazy trying to think up trades to get one of the Wings' wings.
Lol. the only players that interest me is Powers and Gray.
Powers injury history scares me but when she is healthy i love her game, she plays with aggressiveness attack mode
I doubt Dallas would want to let go of Gray. NY worked wonders with Sugar and it seems that Davis might be a player with similar shortcomings as Sugar had. Davis needs more discipline, better d, and most of all a reliable 3 point shot. Seems to me that NY did just that with Sugar.
Dallas' inside sources(Phillips) have no say in the matter...nor can they predict how Cambage will mentally/emotionally react when it's time to leave her family.Liz has a history of depression."Separation anxiety disorder" could be the cause.Remember when Cambage missed her scheduled flight from Australia to Tulsa back during the 2012 season ?......I'll believe Cambage is playing for dallas in 2018 when she's in training camp.Until then,dallas needs to make plans on acquiring a starting center who has upside(Stokes,Dolson,Boyette,Coates)
Dallas' inside sources(Phillips) have no say in the matter...nor can they predict how Cambage will mentally/emotionally react when it's time to leave her family.Liz has a history of depression."Separation anxiety disorder" could be the cause.Remember when Cambage missed her scheduled flight from Australia to Tulsa back during the 2012 season ?......I'll believe Cambage is playing for dallas in 2018 when she's in training camp.Until then,dallas needs to make plans on acquiring a starting center who has upside(Stokes,Dolson,Boyette,Coates)
Just Beat It Til You Cant Beat No More Huh ..Your entitled to your opinion , But I will say Judging A players mentality from 6 yrs ago to have some sort of negative outlook on how she operates on a regular basis is trash. Have faith for a change , people grow up too ya know?
Dallas' inside sources(Phillips) have no say in the matter...nor can they predict how Cambage will mentally/emotionally react when it's time to leave her family.Liz has a history of depression."Separation anxiety disorder" could be the cause.Remember when Cambage missed her scheduled flight from Australia to Tulsa back during the 2012 season ?......I'll believe Cambage is playing for dallas in 2018 when she's in training camp.Until then,dallas needs to make plans on acquiring a starting center who has upside(Stokes,Dolson,Boyette,Coates)
Just Beat It Til You Cant Beat No More Huh ..Your entitled to your opinion , But I will say Judging A players mentality from 6 yrs ago to have some sort of negative outlook on how she operates on a regular basis is trash. Have faith for a change , people grow up too ya know?
What does growing up have to do with Cambages' battle with depression ?...I've never called Liz immature or a bad person,not accusing you of saying I did.Dallas hiring Phillips to be Cambages' unofficial chaperone has me feeling some type of way....1.Has Cambage fully recovered from her bout with depression,or does she need friends/family close by to keep her spirits up ?.....and 2.Dallas would've been better off hiring a defensive coach instead of Phillips....The last time Cambage suited up for Tulsa,they were the worst defensive team in the league.If the wings don't change their defensive principles between now and next season,they'll still be the worst defensive team in the league.
I feel about Cambage as I do about high school transfers: I believe it when I see the girl on the court, and I'll believe Cambage is playing for Dallas when she's out there jumping center at the beginning of the game.
Until then, though, I think it would be a mistake, if not a foolish mistake, for the Dallas brain trust (such as it is) to make plans based on the fact that Cambage says she's going to play in the WNBA.
I'm in that group that will believe it when I see her on opening day next season. She could easily have a change of heart and opt to spend the summer(Aussie winter) home for whatever reason she feels like pulling out of her hat.
She has played in China, which is probably more of a culture shock than playing in the US. So it's not like she is afraid to leave native soil. Of course, they were paying her a lot more in the Middle Kingdom.
Dallas' inside sources(Phillips) have no say in the matter...nor can they predict how Cambage will mentally/emotionally react when it's time to leave her family.
They can predict better than you. Why do you keep pushing this family angle? We're talking about Cambage, not Delle Donne.
zune69 wrote:
Liz has a history of depression."Separation anxiety disorder" could be the cause.
You're really reaching here. FOMO is more likely her disease.
zune69 wrote:
Remember when Cambage missed her scheduled flight from Australia to Tulsa back during the 2012 season?
It was from London, and so did Taurasi. Taurasi's excuse was uncomfortable wisdom teeth at age 30. Cambage wanted to attend a birthday party her crew planned for her. That was 5 years ago. Cambage is showing signs of growing up.
zune69 wrote:
I'll believe Cambage is playing for dallas in 2018 when she's in training camp.Until then,dallas needs to make plans on acquiring a starting center who has upside(Stokes,Dolson,Boyette,Coates)
When toad assumed they would draft DeShields, I said the post is still their biggest weakness, regardless of whether Cambage came or not. But I don't necessarily think they need to focus on the center position. Aren't you worried about Paris getting pushed out?
It'll be interesting to see where Dallas ends up drafting. Best available might not be a big, especially if they end up in the lottery without #1. Praying for Azura?
_________________Nnekalonians 1:14 - Thou shalt not accept that which is not earned
What does growing up have to do with Cambages' battle with depression?
Why would depression be a factor in anything? Glory Johnson outed Griner for having issues with depression. I wouldn't doubt Glory Johnson or other players have the same issue. Should they all give up playing basketball and lay in bed all day? How do you know Cambage is actually depressed? Is she self-diagnosed or has she talked about getting treatment for it?
zune69 wrote:
I've never called Liz immature or a bad person, not accusing you of saying I did.
An immature person isn't necessarily a bad one, and I think most people would agree that Cambage has been immature. So what? A lot of people are that way. She's still relatively young but 6 years older than when she was drafted.
zune69 wrote:
Dallas hiring Phillips to be Cambages' unofficial chaperone has me feeling some type of way
Listening to Phillips doing color, she comes off as very intelligent and basketball knowledgeable, and every bit as capable as Taylor to do this job.
zune69 wrote:
Has Cambage fully recovered from her bout with depression, or does she need friends/family close by to keep her spirits up?
Again, this is not Delle Donne. It's odd that your treatment for depression is to have family around all the time. Are you an expert in this field?
zune69 wrote:
Dallas would've been better off hiring a defensive coach instead of Phillips.
Taj is one of the best post coaches. They can have both.
_________________Nnekalonians 1:14 - Thou shalt not accept that which is not earned
Remember when Cambage missed her scheduled flight from Australia to Tulsa back during the 2012 season?
It was from London, and so did Taurasi.
No, it was from Australia. She returned from London to Australia, and the Shock let her have extra time off in Australia. When she was scheduled to fly to the USA, she missed (skipped) the flight and ultimately decided not to show for the remaining two weeks leaving 2011 and 2013 as the only two years she has played in the WNBA.
They can predict better than you. Why do you keep pushing this family angle? We're talking about Cambage, not Delle Donne.
Based on dallas' questionable history(draft,trades,signings,coaching staff)..I have very little confidence in their decision making/predictions.
Liz Cambage quote:
Quote:
The exceptionally close pair keenly feel the separation when Cambage lives overseas for extended periods, which she has done twice — to play for other teams in China and one season in the WNBA in the US. Cambage will spend from October to February playing for Shanghai.
“It’s hard, I struggle being an only child being away from my family,” she says. “I’ve just got to remember you’re there to get the job done and it does go quickly.”
Shades wrote:
[You're really reaching here. FOMO is more likely her disease.
I wasn't trying to diagnose Cambage.Just giving my opinion based a her interview history,and opting to spend most of her down time in Australia(closer to family/friends)
Shades wrote:
It was from London, and so did Taurasi. Taurasi's excuse was uncomfortable wisdom teeth at age 30. Cambage wanted to attend a birthday party her crew planned for her. That was 5 years ago. Cambage is showing signs of growing up.
Leave Taurasi out of this.......Diana is a top 5 all-time great with multiple championships.DT had played 10 straight years for the wnba,usa basketball,and internationally before tooth-gate.
Shades wrote:
When toad assumed they would draft DeShields, I said the post is still their biggest weakness, regardless of whether Cambage came or not. But I don't necessarily think they need to focus on the center position. Aren't you worried about Paris getting pushed out?
Nope.......Paris had her chance at being the starting center.....dallas needs a defensive post presence/rebounder,or a center who can consistently get them 10-14 pts and rebound.Paris can rebound,but she's not producing enough points.
Shades wrote:
[It'll be interesting to see where Dallas ends up drafting. Best available might not be a big, especially of they end up in the lottery without #1. Praying for Azura?
Why would depression be a factor in anything? Glory Johnson outed Griner for having issues with depression. I wouldn't doubt Glory Johnson or other players have the same issue. Should they all give up playing basketball and lay in bed all day? How do you know Cambage is actually depressed? Is she self-diagnosed or has she talked about getting treatment for it?
Quote from Liz Cambage:
Quote:
BASKETBALL star Liz Cambage has spoken out about her fight with mental illness.
The Opals squad member, who is preparing to fly out to Brazil this week for the Rio Olympics, battled depression in the middle of last year and continues to have to manage the condition.
Some days, the 24-year-old found it difficult to get out of bed.
“I’ve juggled it since I was a teenager, and had a few mental issues here and there,” she said.
“Last year I had depression again and I really, really struggled in China (where she was playing for a Shanghai team in the national competition.)[/
Shades wrote:
An immature person isn't necessarily a bad one, and I think most people would agree that Cambage has been immature. So what? A lot of people are that way. She's still relatively young but 6 years older than when she was drafted.
Some people think cambage is a bad seed.I just wanted to make it clear that my opinions about Liz aren't personal .My "Bad Person" comment has no relation to cambage being perceived as immature.
Shades wrote:
Listening to Phillips doing color, she comes off as very intelligent and basketball knowledgeable, and every bit as capable as Taylor to do this job..
Being a good speaker,and expert at you craft doesn't mean you're a good decision maker or capable of running an organization.I can make a long list of sports commentators who were well spoken and knowledgeable in their sport,only to fail when they became a HC/GM.
Shades wrote:
Again, this is not Delle Donne. It's odd that your treatment for depression is to have family around all the time. Are you an expert in this field?.”
Again...Cambage quptes
Quote:
“It’s hard, I struggle being an only child being away from my family,” she says. “I’ve just got to remember you’re there to get the job done and it does go quickly.”
Quote:
The Opals squad member, who is preparing to fly out to Brazil this week for the Rio Olympics, battled depression in the middle of last year and continues to have to manage the condition.
“Last year I had depression again and I really, really struggled in China (where she was playing for a Shanghai team in the national competition.)
Shades wrote:
Taj is one of the best post coaches. They can have both.
I prefer a defensive coach who knows how to put together defensive schemes for the entire team.
The sad thing is, the Wings really did need a post, and the most successful post to this point from the 2017 draft is... Brionna Jones? She of the 6mpg and 8 DNP-CDs. Plenty of time for them to improve in future years of course (or Coates to be good once she plays), but right now it's an absolutely barren year for bigs.
I would like to say she's just about on the same level of "bust" as plum they straight wasted the #3 pick on her she trash wings came out of no where with that pick and has not paned out, had back to back picks and drafted her b4 gray lol
Did anyone notice Skylar wearing Adidas during the all-star game?!? Is she no longer with Nike??
i stated this in another post but she's been wearing adidas almost all season preseason she had nikes but ya she's not with nike anymore all nike allstar athletes names were on the steps via brunsons ig post and diggings name wasn't there my main thing is if adidas has her now wheres was the major announcement like when ogwumikes switched
Did anyone notice Skylar wearing Adidas during the all-star game?!? Is she no longer with Nike??
i stated this in another post but she's been wearing adidas almost all season preseason she had nikes but ya she's not with nike anymore all nike allstar athletes names were on the steps via brunsons ig post and diggings name wasn't there my main thing is if adidas has her now wheres was the major announcement like when ogwumikes switched
The league is with Adidas. If a player doesn't have a shoe deal that's what they are obligated to wear.
_________________Why can't we sit in the park like other boys and girls?
Why do we have to walk in the subway tunnel?
Did anyone notice Skylar wearing Adidas during the all-star game?!? Is she no longer with Nike??
i stated this in another post but she's been wearing adidas almost all season preseason she had nikes but ya she's not with nike anymore all nike allstar athletes names were on the steps via brunsons ig post and diggings name wasn't there my main thing is if adidas has her now wheres was the major announcement like when ogwumikes switched
The league is with Adidas. If a player doesn't have a shoe deal that's what they are obligated to wear.
this i know she also posted endorsed puma "adidas owned brand" at the kca which is why i think she switched
If there is one coach in the WNBA that needs to be fired after this season, it's Fred Williams. I mean come on. They have a shit load of talent and yet, year after year, they do fuck all.
Vicki Johnson is a questionable coach as well, but I'm willing to give her a free pass this year because of all the fuckups from GM Ruth Riley. I'd fire Riley as GM before I fire Johnson.
Pokey Chatman is safe because the Fever are right where they're supposed to be since the retirement of their franchise player. Same goes for Amber Stocks. She's safe as well since losing EDD to Washington.
Jenny Boucek is also a bad coach but aside from a few starters, it's not like she has much to work with. Last year, they dismantled their roster and rebuilt it but besides Breanna Stewart, Sue Bird and once in a while Crystal Langhorne and Jewell Loyd, they have a pretty terrible roster. The best thing for them would be to miss the playoffs, get a lottery pick, and fire Boucek in that order. Then they can do another partial re-build in the off season. Sadly for the Storm fans and a player like Breanna Stewart, their championship total has ended at two. I don't ever seen them making much noise in the future. They tried to redo the Bird/Jackson combo with Bird/Stewart but Bird has about 2 drops left in her gas tank and Stewart, while a great player, will never be the star Jackson was, and a Loyd/Stewart combo, while possibly strong over the next few years, is NO Bird/Jackson combo.
If there is one coach in the WNBA that needs to be fired after this season, it's Fred Williams. I mean come on. They have a shit load of talent and yet, year after year, they do fuck all.
Vicki Johnson is a questionable coach as well, but I'm willing to give her a free pass this year because of all the fuckups from GM Ruth Riley. I'd fire Riley as GM before I fire Johnson.
Pokey Chatman is safe because the Fever are right where they're supposed to be since the retirement of their franchise player. Same goes for Amber Stocks. She's safe as well since losing EDD to Washington.
Jenny Boucek is also a bad coach but aside from a few starters, it's not like she has much to work with. Last year, they dismantled their roster and rebuilt it but besides Breanna Stewart, Sue Bird and once in a while Crystal Langhorne and Jewell Loyd, they have a pretty terrible roster. The best thing for them would be to miss the playoffs, get a lottery pick, and fire Boucek in that order. Then they can do another partial re-build in the off season. Sadly for the Storm fans and a player like Breanna Stewart, their championship total has ended at two. I don't ever seen them making much noise in the future. They tried to redo the Bird/Jackson combo with Bird/Stewart but Bird has about 2 drops left in her gas tank and Stewart, while a great player, will never be the star Jackson was, and a Loyd/Stewart combo, while possibly strong over the next few years, is NO Bird/Jackson combo.
Breanna Stewarts numbers this (2nd) season are pretty close to LJ's first MVP (in her 3rd season) in 2003 and better then her numbers in her last MVP season in 2010. Yes she will never replace LJ who in my eyes the GOAT but she is having a fantastic 2nd season and its not her that this team is failing
_________________"Sue Bird and Lauren Jackson were and are the dynamic duo. They're the one-two punch. They're all the clich�s possible to describe people that perfectly complement each other, who make each other better and also bring out the best in the team." �Karen Bryant | 2024-04-26T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8356 |
Q:
How to disable Eclipse IDE Language Server
I am running Eclipse IDE
Version 2018-12 (4.10.0)
Build id: 20181214-0600
On macOS Mojave
Version 10.14.1
MacBook Pro 2018 with 32GB and cpu 2.9 G i9
When I attempt to things such as open up a class file etc - I see the Initialize Language Server and I get the famous BeachBall - some times it is for a second or two and other times 30 or more seconds.
Is there some configuration or something that can improve the performance of this or ability to turn it off? Search the web has turned up nothing so far. At first I thought it was the freemarker IDE extension - uninstalled that but no change.
A:
I uninstalled freemarker IDE and all the other JBOSS extensions since I am not currently using them.
I then when into Preferences -> Language Servers and turn them all off.
Now I do not have any issues with slowness of opening files or the famous mac BeachBall.
| 2024-04-14T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5946 |
Furnace Creek 508
Furnace Creek 508 was an ultramarathon bicycle race that took place annually each October between 1989 and 2013 in Southern California. Its route started in Santa Clarita, California (25 miles north of Los Angeles), went northeast to Towne Pass and dropped into Death Valley, traversed Death Valley in the southern direction, crossed Mojave Desert and ended at Twentynine Palms, California. The race is named after the total length of its course (508 miles) and the location of its midpoint (near Furnace Creek, California).
Rather than use names or numbers as in other races and other sports, the Furnace Creek 508 identified riders and teams with "totems"; animal names said to signify or have a special meaning for a rider or team.
The race was discontinued in 2014 due to a policy change of the Death Valley National Park that prohibited competitive cycling events in the park. Its organizers had since created a new annual event, the "Silver State 508", which keeps the overall format and the total distance of the course, but takes place in Nevada.
Route
Santa Clarita, California (start)
Antelope Valley
California City, California (82 miles)
Trona, California (152 miles)
Panamint Valley
Townes Pass
Furnace Creek, California (252 miles)
Death Valley
Salsberry Pass
Shoshone, California (325 miles)
Baker, California (382 miles)
Kelso, California (416 miles)
Amboy, California (450 miles)
Twentynine Palms, California (finish)
Participants and results
In 2006, Furnace Creek 508 saw its largest number of entrants yet, at 179 (75 solo and 104 in teams). In order to be declared an "official finisher", an entrant must cross the finishing line within 48 hours (46 hours for relay teams). The official finishing rate is usually on the order of 60% for solo cyclists and approaching 100% for relay teams. Median finishing time is around 36 hours.
Among solo competitors, current overall records are 27:15:21 (men) and 28:46:34 (women).
Trivia
At of length and of elevation gain, Furnace Creek route is roughly comparable to four typical mountain stages of Tour de France ridden back-to-back.
The Furnace Creek 508 was once a qualifying event for the Race Across America but has not been since 2003 due to rule changes.
External links
The Official Web site of Furnace Creek 508
Category:Cycle races in the United States
Category:Cycling in California
Category:Recurring sporting events established in 1989
Category:1989 establishments in California
Category:Road bicycle races | 2023-12-11T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6339 |
567 S.W.2d 812 (1978)
GENERAL MOTORS CORPORATION et al., Appellants,
v.
Robert A. TURNER, Appellee.
No. 8026.
Court of Civil Appeals of Texas, Beaumont.
April 27, 1978.
Rehearing Denied June 1, 1978.
*814 Raybourne Thompson, James B. Sales, Houston, for appellants.
Ronald Krist, Harvill E. Weller, Houston, for appellee.
KEITH, Justice.
Defendants below appeal from an adverse judgment rendered in a products liability *815 suit involving the doctrine of "crashworthiness" and we will designate the parties as they appeared in the trial court or by their descriptive names.
In an earlier venue appeal of this cause it was said:
"The question here is whether a manufacturer and retailer may be held strictly liable in tort for a defectively designed automobile which enhances the injuries of plaintiff, but does not cause the accident."
The court also held that the question presented was one of first impression. Turner v. General Motors Corporation, 514 S.W.2d 497, 499 (Tex.Civ.App.Houston [14th Dist.] 1974, writ ref'd n. r. e.). We note that the court made an extensive statement of the underlying facts and we find no reason to recite again the events leading up to the wreck and the trial on the merits involving the doctrine of "crashworthiness."[1]
For the purposes of this opinion it is sufficient to state that plaintiff, while seeking to avoid a collision with a truck, overturned his car when it left the road. The car rolled over and the roof was deformed when it came in contact with the ground. Plaintiff received a crushed vertebra in the accident which resulted in his paralysis. It is not contended, and there is no evidence in the record that the design of the automobile or the roof thereof had any part in causing the accident which produced plaintiff's injuries.
The judgment which we review rests entirely upon a finding of strict liability in tort, the liability issue and accompanying instruction being set out in the margin.[2]
The jury found that the roof structure of the Chevrolet was defectively designed and that this was a producing cause of his injury. The third and final issue fixed the amount of plaintiff's damages. A joint and several judgment was entered against the two defendants, and dealer Kliesing was granted a judgment for full indemnity against General Motors. Both defendants have appealed urging a myriad of points of error, both substantive and procedural. We reverse and remand for the reasons now to be stated.
At the outset of our discussion, we pause to express our general agreement with this language found in Self v. General Motors Corporation, 42 Cal.App.3d 1, 7, 116 Cal. Rptr. 575, 579 (1974): "[P]rosecution of a lawsuit is a poor way to design a motor vehicle, for the suit will almost invariably emphasize a single aspect of design to the total exclusion of all others." Some argue that, "[a]s in the case of food and drugs, the imposition of safety standards on the automobile industry can most likely be achieved better by a consistent application of regulatory standards drawn up by experts and kept current by research, rather than by ad hoc decisions of inexpert judges and juries." J. O'Connell, "Taming the Automobile," 58 N.W.U.L.Rev. 299, 375 (1963), suggesting federal government regulation as the practical approach to the problem. But, we do not write upon a clean slate.[3]
1. The Charge
We are of the opinion that the definition of "unreasonably dangerous" used by *816 the court was erroneous. Plaintiff points out the obvious fact that it is in substantially the same language used by the court in General Motors Corp. v. Hopkins, 548 S.W.2d 344, 347, fn. 1 (Tex.1977). Hopkins and Henderson v. Ford Motor Co., 519 S.W.2d 87, 92 (Tex.1974), both involved carburetors which were, according to the contentions of the plaintiffs, defectively designed; moreover, and more importantly, defects in the carburetors actually caused or contributed to cause the accident in each suit. Likewise, design of the step involved in Caterpillar Tractor Co. v. Gonzales, 562 S.W.2d 573 (Tex.Civ.App.El Paso 1977, writ pending), was a producing cause of the injury of plaintiff. Assuming as we must the correctness and propriety of such an instruction where the defective design produces or contributes to causing the accident and consequent injury, we are of the opinion that such a charge is not proper in a crashworthiness case wherein the alleged defect had no part in causing the accident.
The trial court did not incorporate into the charge any of the suggested "balancing tests" mentioned in the venue appeal of this cause. And, it may be added, when only the reasonable expectation of the consumer test was submitted to the jury, in essence the jury was told that the doctrine of crashworthiness made the manufacturer an insurer; yet the Turner Court specifically noted that the application of the "balancing test" which it adopted would prevent the manufacturer from being held to be an insurer.
Even the leading case upon the subject, Larsen v. General Motors Corp., 391 F.2d 495, 502 (8th Cir. 1968),[4] which was adopted in the venue appeal, holds:
"[A]n automobile manufacturer is under no duty to design an accident-proof or fool-proof vehicle or even one that floats on water, but such manufacturer is under a duty to use reasonable care in the design of its vehicle to avoid subjecting the user to an unreasonable risk of injury in the event of a collision."
This concept is not to be found in the charge used in this case.
Although the balancing test suggested in Turner is somewhat difficult to articulate, under the specific holding in Turner the cause must be tried under a theory which "involves a traditional balancing of the gravity and likelihood of harm against the burden of precautions to avoid the harm. Dreisonstok v. Volkswagenwerk, A.G., 489 F.2d 1066 (4th Cir. 1974) (applying Virginia law)."[5]Turner, supra (514 S.W.2d at 504). We note at this point that Turner was not mentioned in either Henderson or Hopkins.
As indicated by the charge submitted, plaintiff carries all of his eggs in one basket that his case is one governed by Restatement of Torts (Second) § 402A (1965) and maintains that he may prevail by a finding of the alternate consumer expectation test laid down in Hopkins, supra. In taking this position, plaintiff has ignored completely the thrust of the opinion in the venue appealthe balancing tests mentioned therein.
Even a cursory examination of Turner reveals that the holding is not based solely upon the concept of strict liability under § 402A, but the court relied heavily upon the common law concepts embraced in Larsen and Dreisonstok.
We are of the opinion that the terms "reasonable consumer" (and his expectations) and "prudent manufacturer" (and his awareness of risks) have no place in an instruction to the jury considering a crashworthiness case.[6] Each term has already *817 acquired a fairly clear meaning in the ordinary strict liability case, i. e., those involving a product defectively produced. These terms, when we come to apply a balancing testas we must do under Turner, Larsen, Dreisonstok, and Huff[7]are purely subjective in nature and do not place before the jury the true elements making up either a cause of action or a defense thereto in a crashworthiness case.
We are of the opinion that the language found in J. Sales & J. Perdue, "The Law of Strict Tort Liability in Texas," 14 Houston L.Rev. 1, 13 (1976-77), relying heavily upon the authors' analysis of language in Rourke v. Garza, 530 S.W.2d 794 (Tex.1975), and Dean Wade's law review article "Strict Tort Liability of Manufacturers," 19 SW.L.J. 5, 17 (1965),[8] correctly enumerates some of the factors to be included in a charge to be used in such cases as the one now under review. We quote:
"The court [in Rourke v. Garza, supra] reduced the issue of defective design to a determination of whether the boards were unreasonably dangerous. In ascertaining whether the scaffolding was unreasonably dangerous, a balancing of the risk of harm against the utility of the product as designed was determinative. In judging the utility of the product, consideration of a number of factors was important. These factors included the burden imposed on the manufacturer to change the design, the expense of the change, and the effect on the usefulness of the product by the change in design."
The authors then list the seven factors posited by Dean Wade in his law review article noted above.[9] While we are in accord with all of Dean Wade's balancing factors, as applied to a defectively manufactured product, we are unwilling to accept the entire list when considering a crashworthiness case involving an automobile.[10]
Dean Wade prefaces his list of seven balancing factors with this sentence: "We have here again the problem of balancing the utility of the risk against the magnitude of the risk. Factors involved ... include... (1) the usefulness and desirability of the product ...." When we consider an automobile, we must realize *818 that its utility cannot be balanced with any alternative form of transportation available for the myriad of uses to which an automobile is adapted.
To adopt this first test of Dean Wade as one of the factors would mean that if a reasonable consumer had the information available to weigh accurately the risk of harm from the use of the automobile against the utility of its use, he might find the risk so great that he would stop using the car rather than take the risk. Few of us would walk or ride bicycles because of a known risk in using our own automobile.
Rather, we should consider how a changed design of the automobile would affect the admittedly high utility of the automobile.[11]
We are of the opinion that the following factors should be balanced, as directed by Turner, in making the determination of whether the design is or is not defective: (1) the utility of the product to the user and to the public as a whole weighed against the gravity and likelihood of injury from its use; (2) the availability of a substitute product which would meet the same need and not be unsafe or unreasonably expensive; (3) the manufacturer's ability to eliminate the unsafe character of the product without seriously impairing its usefulness or significantly increasing its costs; (4) the user's anticipated awareness of the dangers inherent in the product and their avoidability because of general public knowledge of the obvious condition of the product,[12] or of the existence of suitable warnings or instructions. See generally, Huddell v. Levin, 537 F.2d 726 (3rd Cir. 1976) [commented upon in 7 Cumberland L.Rev. 577 (1977)]; Seattle-First National Bank v. Tabert, 86 Wash.2d 145, 542 P.2d 774, 779 (1975); Ross v. Up-Right, Inc., 402 F.2d 943 (5th Cir. 1968), applying Texas law; Bowman v. General Motors Corp., 427 F.Supp. 234, 243-244 (E.D.Pa.1977); J. Wade, "On the Nature of Strict Tort Liability for Products," 44 Miss.L.J. 825, 837-838 (1973), quoted in Bowman, at 244-245, fn. 18.[13]
2. Evidentiary Points
General Motors contends that the trial court erred in excluding evidence of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 216 pertaining to federal requirements of strength of roof structures.[14]
In 1966, Congress passed the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act, 15 U.S.C.A. § 1381, et seq. (1974). Pursuant to this Act, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), an agency of the Department of Transportation, issued Standard No. 216, effective for passenger vehicles manufactured after September 1, 1973. This standard requires all passenger vehicle roofs to bear 5,000 pounds of load, or one and one-half times the vehicle's weight, whichever is less. Plaintiff's vehicle passed the test at 13,000 pounds of pressure, *819 or over two and one-half times this level.
The trial court refused to allow defendant's counsel to refer to this as a "federal standard," requiring that it be referred to as a "practice of the industry."
The Restatement of Torts (Second) § 402A (1965) provides: "(1) One who sells any product in a defective condition unreasonably dangerous to the user or consumer or to his property is subject to liability for physical harm thereby caused ...."
This doctrine was adopted as Texas law by our Supreme Court in McKisson v. Sales Affiliates, Inc., 416 S.W.2d 787 (Tex.1967). Our Supreme Court held in Henderson v. Ford Motor Company, supra (519 S.W.2d at 92), that "[t]he car manufacturer and its dealer are liable for unreasonably dangerous productswhether designed defectively or improperly and produced as designed, or whether designed perfectly but improperly or defectively produced."
There is no contention in our case that the proof involved was not produced as it was designed. It was then plaintiff's burden to establish that the roof design was unreasonably dangerous. Plaintiff produced two witnesses, both with an automotive design background, who concluded that the design of the roof of plaintiff's automobile was unreasonably dangerous. They suggested an alternative design consisting of three roll bars extending from the frame of the car over the roof area. They admitted that no other sedan passenger car made anywhere in the world employed this design.
In their defense, the manufacturer and the dealer offered the federal standard above set out. Plaintiff argues that since the standard was admitted, it was immaterial that the trial court refused to identify its source. We disagree. The jury must know the source of a standard in order to evaluate its weight. In Pyatt v. Engel Equipment, Inc., 17 Ill.App.3d 1070, 309 N.E.2d 225 (3rd Dist.1974), plaintiff sought damages for injuries from a manufacturer of an alleged defectively designed machine. The court held it error for the trial judge not to identify the source of relevant safety rules promulgated by the Industrial Commission of Illinois, saying:
"The appellee suggests that whatever prejudice might have ensued because of any error in the admission of the Health and Safety Rules was cured by this course of action [admitting the standard but excluding its source]. We do not share this view, since it would be of substantial relevance in evaluating a standard to know the source of the standard as distinguished from the opinion of a single expert." (309 N.E.2d 227)
See also Cresap v. Pacific Inland Navigation Co., 78 Wash.2d 563, 478 P.2d 223 (1970); Provenza v. American Export Lines, Inc., 324 F.2d 660 (4th Cir. 1963), cert. denied, 376 U.S. 952, 84 S.Ct. 970, 11 L.Ed.2d 971 (1964).
The Fifth Circuit, in what has been described as "[o]ne of the most far-reaching decisions on the subject,"[15]Muncie Aviation Corporation v. Party Doll Fleet, Inc., 519 F.2d 1178, 1181-1183 (5th Cir. 1975), considered the subject in depth and concluded that two advisory circulars promulgated by the Federal Aviation Administration were properly admitted in evidence "though merely advisory and without the force or effect of law." (Id. at 1180) The Court continued:
"Their trustworthiness is guaranteed by the fact that they were recently published by a governmental agency whose only conceivable interest was in insuring safety and whose recommendations `should have the highest probative value regarding national, state, or local practices.'" (Id. at 1182)
It is obvious a jury could attach less weight to a standard whose origin was of the industry itself rather than federal law. Texas law is liberal in the admission of evidence as "relevant and material if it tends to prove, or disprove, any material fact involved in the issue or the question being tried." Lone Star Gas Co. v. State, 137 Tex. 279, 153 S.W.2d 681, 699-700 (1941).
*820 Plaintiff cites Simms v. Southwest Texas Methodist Hospital, 535 S.W.2d 192 (Tex. Civ.App.San Antonio 1976, writ ref'd n. r. e.), for the proposition that a federal regulation enacted subsequent to plaintiff's injury is not admissible. That case is distinguishable readily. There, plaintiff sued a surgical gloves' manufacturer, claiming that the cornstarch powder it put on its surgical gloves caused "starch granuloma" when plaintiff was operated on by a doctor wearing the gloves. The trial court refused to permit plaintiff to introduce into evidence a regulation promulgated by the Federal Drug Administration subsequent to her injury requiring that packages containing surgical gloves, which had been sprayed with starch, bear a warning statement and instructions for removing the powder.
On appeal, plaintiff relied only on breach of the implied warranty of merchantability, contending that defendant's failure to give warning and instructions rendered the gloves unreasonably dangerous and, therefore, unfit for the ordinary purposes for which such gloves are used. Tex.Bus. & Comm. Code Ann. § 2.314(b) (1968). The jury failed to find that such dangerous condition was a producing cause of plaintiff's injuries. The court held that plaintiff had the burden of proving the defect was a producing cause of her injury.
Concerning the federal rule, the court had this to say:
"The only case cited by plaintiff concerning the admissibility of a rule adopted by a regulatory agency subsequent to the injury of which plaintiff complains is Curtis v. District of Columbia, 124 U.S. App.D.C. 241, 363 F.2d 973 (1966). In that case plaintiff was injured when he tripped over the hinge of a vault which protruded above the surface of a public sidewalk. It was held that evidence of a subsequently adopted building code regulation, requiring that such hinges be constructed so as to be flush with the pavement was admissible as evidence of negligence, since it constitutes a standard of care against which the jury could measure the defendant's conduct.
"Curtis clearly did not involve the question of admissibility of a governmental regulation which defendant has violated, since the regulation there in question was not in force at the time of the accident. The same is true here. The actual holding in Curtis, therefore, is that a governmental regulation which defendant has not violated is nevertheless admissible as some evidence of the standard of care in a sufficiently analogous situation." (535 S.W.2d at 200)
Plaintiff also cites Bell v. Buddies Super-Market, 516 S.W.2d 447 (Tex.Civ.App.Tyler 1974, writ ref'd n. r. e.), a negligence case brought by a customer who fell on the store's ramp. The trial court excluded certain safety standards promulgated for the construction of ramps. These were promulgated after plaintiff's injury. The exclusion was upheld.
Negligence in Texas requires proof of foreseeability as an element of proximate cause. East Texas Motor Freight Lines v. Loftis, 148 Tex. 242, 223 S.W.2d 613 (1949); Clark v. Waggoner, 452 S.W.2d 437 (Tex.1970). Strict liability under Restatement of Torts (Second) § 402A requires no showing of negligence. See P. Keeton, "Manufacturer's Liability: The Meaning of `Defect' in the Manufacture and Design of Products," 20 Syracuse L.Rev. 559 (1969). The controlling issue in the crashworthiness inquiry is not foreseeability, but intended use. Turner, supra (514 S.W.2d at 503).
Subsequently enacted standards should be admissible in cases of strict liability so long as they fairly reflect standards existing during the relevant time period. See Nader & Page, "Automobile Design and the Judicial Process," 55 Calif.L.Rev. 645, 669-670 (1967), cited in venue appeal of Turner, supra. In our case all expert witnesses agree the "state of the art" had not appreciably changed between the manufacture of the roof involved and issuance of Federal Standard No. 216. We sustain this point of error of defendant General Motors.
We turn now to a third complaint of the defendants, that relating to the exclusion of evidence of a test conducted by a *821 witness for the defendants. After plaintiff's witnesses had testified about the safety of the roll bars, as noted in our discussion of the second complaint, the defendants hired a racing car mechanic to install a NASCAR roll cage system on a car that was the same make and model as plaintiff's vehicle. A NASCAR roll cage is one that is used on racing cars. Then the car was mounted on its side on a dolly, roof in front, and crashed into a stationary barrier at 30 m. p. h. (A film of this was shown this court at oral argument.) The trial court correctly excluded evidence of this experiment.
The admissibility of out-of-court experiments depends on the particular facts and circumstances of each case. The experiment must be objective and not mislead or confuse the jury. Fort Worth & Denver Railway Co. v. Williams, 375 S.W.2d 279, 282 (Tex.1964); Van Ornum v. Otter Tail Power Co., 210 N.W.2d 188, 197 (1973). The evidence shows here that the forces involved in a rollover and a barrier crash test are not the same; they are much greater in the barrier crash, and much more likely to damage the roof. It would not be fair to admit this experiment, because it was totally different from our rollover situation. See Kirk v. Bennett, 456 S.W.2d 191 (Tex. Civ.App.Waco 1970, writ ref'd n. r. e.). Nor was this experiment admissible to impeach plaintiff's expert witnesses. Defendants' questions to the witnesses regarding barrier crashes were ambiguous, and did not clearly indicate what type of experiment was to be conducted.
Each of the defendants has a series of points attacking the legal and factual sufficiency of the evidence to support the answers to Special Issues One and Twoa defectively designed roof structure which was a producing cause of plaintiff's injuries. Reduced to the simplest terms, the common base of each of the complaints is that plaintiff's expert witnesses, Barron and Marcosky, were not qualified as expert witnesses and that the trial court erred in permitting each to express his opinion that the design of the automobile rendered it unreasonably dangerous; consequently, when such evidence is removed from the record, there is no competent evidence to support the findings. We disagree and overrule all of such points of error, making application of the rule in Garza v. Alviar, 395 S.W.2d 821, 823 (Tex.1965), in passing upon the points relating to the legal and factual sufficiency of the evidence to support the findings.
On the prior venue appeal, Barron's qualifications and the substance of his testimony is set out at some length (514 S.W.2d at 499-500) and similar testimony was introduced upon the trial, although in greater detail. We see no need to reproduce the testimony previously summarized.
Marcosky, the other expert witness tendered by plaintiff, was a graduate mechanical engineer who had been employed for several years by General Motors as a design engineer. While his qualifications and experience in the field may not have been quite as impressive or extensive as those shown by Barron, nevertheless, the trial court committed no error in permitting his testimony to be introduced.
Moreover, we find no tenable objection in our record attacking the qualification of either of the witnesses. It is trite learning that whether a person tendered as an expert possesses the required qualification is a preliminary question for determination by the trial judge subject to review for an abuse of discretion. See, generally, 2 C. McCormick & R. Ray Texas Law of Evidence § 1401, at 235 (2d ed. 1956).
Defendants' attack upon the testimony of Barron and Marcosky goes to the weight and not to the admissibility of their testimony. We find no error in the admission of such opinion evidence.
Moreover, after a review of such testimony, we disagree with defendantsBarron and Marcosky did more than offer criticism of the design of the Chevrolet automobile. Their testimony constitutes "more than a mere scintilla, surmise or suspicion of the existence of a design defect." Cf. Henderson v. Ford Motor Co., supra, 519 S.W.2d at 99. Defendants' points attacking the qualifications of the witnesses and the legal and factual sufficiency of the evidence are overruled.
*822 Next, the defendants contend that the trial court erred in refusing to submit to the jury a specially requested instruction to the effect that their award of damages was not subject to federal taxation.[16] The parties recognize that such an instruction was held to be improper in Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad Co. v. McFerrin, 156 Tex. 69, 291 S.W.2d 931, 945 (1956), because "[i]t introduces a wholly collateral matter into the damage issue," and the rule has not been relaxed by our Supreme Court.[17]
Defendants have many more points which we have examined and find to be without merit and each is overruled. For the errors herein pointed out, the judgment of the trial court is reversed and the cause is remanded.
REVERSED and REMANDED.
KEITH, Justice, dissenting.
Charge on Federal Taxation of Award
I disagree with my brethren on the trial court's action in refusing defendants' charge that the award of damages was not subject to federal taxation. I readily admit, as I must, that under the decision in McFerrin, 156 Tex. 69, 291 S.W.2d 931, 945, the refusal was proper. But, in this era of increasingly large verdicts, the rationale of McFerrin is difficult to understand and even more difficult to support. The theory underlying the tort reparations system is that the injured party should be awarded compensation which would place him in the financial position he would have occupied but for the negligence of the opposite party. In arriving at this figure, our courts consistently permit the reception of expert opinion evidence as to the effect of future inflation upon the earning capacity of the injured party, the rate of interest in the future, and other factors having a bearing upon the award.
I submit that it is unrealistic in this day and time when every employed person is acutely conscious of the tax consequences of every economic fact of life. As stated by Kliesing's counsel:
"The universal application of the federal income tax pervades the lives and consciousness of all citizens who occupy the jury box.... In order to dispel any misapprehension and to avoid any confusion that may affect jurors attempting to award damages, a simple and uncomplicated instruction that any award made to the plaintiff is not subject to federal income taxation is mandatory."
The Ninth Circuit accepted a similar argument. See Burlington Northern, Inc. v. Boxberger, 529 F.2d 284, 295-297 (9th Cir. 1975). See also Domeracki v. Humble Oil & Refining Co., 443 F.2d 1245, 1251 (3rd Cir. 1971), cert. denied, 404 U.S. 883, 92 S.Ct. 212, 30 L.Ed.2d 165 (1971); Turcotte v. Ford Motor Co., 494 F.2d 173 (1st Cir. 1974).
In the years following the McFerrin pronouncement on the taxation/instruction, McFerrin has been examined and reexamined by our Supreme Court and its basic holding (as to Tex.Rev.Civ.Stat.Ann. art. 6701d, § 86) has been repudiated.[*]
I respectfully suggest that it would be appropriate for our Supreme Court to reexamine and to change its holding with reference to the instruction now under discussion. I do so in the form of a dissent so as to confer jurisdiction to determine such question under the provisions of Tex.Rev. Civ.Stat.Ann. art. 1728, subdiv. 1 (1962). Regardless of other errors which have been mentioned in the foregoing opinion, I would *823 find reversible error in the refusal of the requested charge on federal taxation of the damage award.
Purchaser's Duty in Using Product
In preparing the opinion for the majority, I concluded that there were five balancing factors to be utilized in the determination of whether the design is or is not defective. Only four of such factors are found in the majority opinion for the reason that one did not meet with the approval of a majority of the Court. Such factor, as it was formulated by me read: "The user's ability to avoid danger by the exercise of ordinary care in the use of the product."
It was removed because the majority was of the opinion that this injected an element of contributory negligence into the case.
I disagree. The omitted element closely follows and was based, at least in part, upon Dean Wade's sixth element (see majority opinion, footnote 9, quoting from 19 SW.L.J. at 17). Dean Wade's element No. 6: "the avoidability of injury by care in use of the product (including the effect of instructions or warnings)."
I submit that a "balancing test" which deliberately and intentionally excuses the user of a product from the exercise of ordinary care while using a product is deficient; indeed, my concept is more favorable to the user than that of Dean Wade's quoted earlier.
I am of the opinion that the balancing test should require the use of ordinary care by the purchaser while using the product.
NOTES
[1] For several definitions of "crashworthiness," see Dreisonstok v. Volkswagenwerk, A. G., 489 F.2d 1066, 1069, fn. 3 (4th Cir. 1974).
See also, J. Sales and J. Perdue, "The Law of Strict Tort Liability in Texas," 14 Houston L.Rev. 1, 16-19 (1976-77).
[2] Special Issue No. 1: "Do you find from a preponderance of the evidence that at the time the automobile in question was manufactured by General Motors the roof structure was defectively designed?
"By the term `defectively designed' as used in this issue is meant a design that is unreasonably dangerous.
"`Unreasonably dangerous' means dangerous to an extent beyond that which would be contemplated by the ordinary consumer who purchases it, with the ordinary knowledge common to the community as to its characteristics."
[3] P. Keeton, "Product Liability and Meaning of Defect," 5 St. Mary's L.J. 30, 36 (1973): "Trial judges cannot under the present state of the law be criticized for being unable to submit a product liability case to a jury in a satisfactory manner."
[4] It should be noted that Larsen, supra, proceeds under the common law and specifically disavows reliance upon either strict liability in tort or implied warranty of merchantability for intended use. (391 F.2d at 506)
See in this connection M. Hoenig and C. Goetz, "A Rational Approach to `Crashworthy' Automobiles: The Need for Judicial Responsibility," 6 SW.U.L.Rev. 1, 38, fn. 130 (1974).
[5] It has been said that Dreisonstok "applied a similar balancing test to a conscious design choice case under the negligence label." Bowman v. General Motors Corp., 427 F.Supp. 234, 245, fn. 19 (E.D.Pa.1977).
[6] See W. Donaher, et al., "The Technological Expert in Products Liability Litigation," 52 Tex. L.Rev. 1303, 1307 (1974), "It is time to abandon the perspective of the reasonable consumer and the reasonable seller and formulate the strict liability question for what it is.... The unreasonable danger question, then, is posed in terms of whether, given the risks and benefits of and possible alternatives to the product, we as a society will live with it in its existing state or will require an altered, less dangerous form." Query: Is this truly the formulation of a "strict liability question for what it is"?
[7] Huff refers to Huff v. White Motor Corporation, 565 F.2d 104 (7th Cir. 1977), which specifically overruled that court's earlier and well-known opinion in Evans v. General Motors Corp., 359 F.2d 822 (7th Cir. 1966). Huff has an appendix citing cases following Larsena distinctively greater number than those following its discarded Evans holding.
[8] This same law review article was cited by Justice Reavley in the much-cited footnote 1 in Hopkins, supra, and in Rourke v. Garza, supra, at 799.
[9] Dean Wade's balancing factors are: "(1) the usefulness and desirability of the product, (2) the availability of other and safer products to meet the same need, (3) the likelihood of injury and its probable seriousness, (4) the obviousness of the danger, (5) common knowledge and normal public expectation of the danger (particularly for established products), (6) the avoidability of injury by care in use of the product (including the effect of instructions or warnings), and (7) the ability to eliminate the danger without seriously impairing the usefulness of the product or making it unduly expensive." (19 SW.L.J. at 17)
[10] Dean Keeton has presented a four-pronged balancing test. See "Manufacturer's Liability: The Meaning of `Defect' in the Manufacture and Design of Products," 20 Syracuse L.Rev. 559, 565 (1969): "In order to justify a finding of negligence for the way a product was designed there must be proof to support the following findings: (1) that there was in fact an appreciable danger from some condition, ingredient, or component of the product; (2) that it was a known or scientifically knowable fact at the time of sale that harm could result from a condition or an ingredient of the product; (3) that the maker realized or should have realized in the exercise of ordinary care the dangers involved in the product's use; and (4) that a ordinary man would have concluded that the magnitude of the discoverable danger outweighed the benefits of the product, at least in the absence of more satisfactory instructions or information."
[11] Perhaps, if every automobile were to be equipped with a governor limiting its speed to 20 miles per hour, all cars and all users would be safer. But, the incremental effect on the utility of the automobile would be so great as to render the car virtually unusable in most situations. Similarly, a Sherman tank structure could be adapted to an automobile but few would care to use it to go to the grocery store or the drive-in movie. The examples could be multiplied with ease.
[12] The purchaser of a topless convertible automobile should be charged with knowledge that if he overturns the car he may be injured. On the other hand, he may not know if the roof structure of a sedan model is of sufficient strength to withstand a similar rollover. Chrysler Corporation v. Department of Transportation, 472 F.2d 659, 679 (6th Cir. 1972).
See Comments, "Dreisenstock v. Volkswagenwerk, A.G.: Manufacturer Liability for Second Collision Design Defects," 5 Golden Gate L.Rev. 161, 168 (1974).
[13] See also J. Henderson, "Judicial Review of Manufacturers' Conscious Design Choices: The Limits of Adjudication," 73 Columbia L.Rev. 1531, 1540 (1973): "`How much product safety is enough?' ... can only be provided by a process that considers such factors as market price, functional utility, and aesthetics, as well as safety, and achieves the proper balance among them."
[14] This discussion of the second and third complaints was prepared by Chief Justice Dies to whom the cause was assigned originally and is adopted as a part of this opinion.
[15] See W. Rambin, "Consumer Product Safety," 30 Baylor L.Rev. 115, 125 (1978).
[16] Kliesing's request read: "You are instructed that any sum of money you may award as damages will not be subject to federal income tax."
[17] McFerrin has been followed consistently and as recently as 1977 in St. Louis Southwestern Ry. Co. v. Greene, 552 S.W.2d 880, 884 (Tex. Civ.App.Texarkana 1977, no writ).
My two colleagues are in agreement that the trial court properly refused the requested instruction relating to federal income taxation; but I disagree with this ruling based as it is on McFerrin, supra, for the reasons set out hereinafter. My colleagues have kindly consented for me to express my views in the form of a dissenting opinion on this question.
[*] See, e. g., Christy v. Blades, 448 S.W.2d 107 (Tex.1969) and Southern Pacific Company v. Castro, 493 S.W.2d 491 (Tex.1973).
| 2023-09-05T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3996 |
NCA nucleophilic radiofluorination on substituted benzaldehydes for the preparation of [18F]fluorinated aromatic amino acids.
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution is a challenging task in radiochemistry. Therefore, a thorough evaluation and optimisation of this step is needed to provide a satisfactory tool for the routine preparation of [(18)F]fluorinated aromatic amino acids. Two methods, already proposed elsewhere, were evaluated and improved. The yields for the radiofluorination were increased whereas activity loss during solid phase extraction was observed. Radiochemical yields for the two methods were 92.7+/-5.5% (method 1) and 92.1+/-12.3% (method 2) for conversion and 11.1+/-2.8% (method 1) and 34.8+/-0.6% (method 2) for purification, respectively. In total, we demonstrate an optimised method for the preparation of this important class of [(18)F]fluorinated synthons for PET. | 2024-07-27T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4532 |
Summary: This clinical research project is for clinical trials related to preventive HIV vaccines conducted by the VRC Clinic at the NIH Clinical Center. These consist of a screening protocol and clinical trials to evaluate candidate preventive HIV-1 vaccines including: DNA vaccine constructs, a recombinant adenoviral vector serotype 5(rAd5) vaccine, and a recombinant adenoviral vector serotype 35 (rAd35) vaccine. Studies have been designed to evaluate dose, immunogenicity, route of administration, device for administration and prime-boost regimens. A brief summary of each study to date follows. The screening protocol, VRC 000 (02-I-0127), facilitates recruitment and screening of healthy, HIV-negative subjects for investigational preventive HIV vaccine clinical trials. Educational materials on vaccines are reviewed with and provided to subjects before enrollment into a study. Prior to the establishment of the VRC Clinic, a Phase I study VRC 001 (01-I-0079) of a clade B, single plasmid DNA vaccine developed by VRC was conducted through collaboration with other intramural investigators. A manuscript describing results wss published in FY07 J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2007. 44(5): p. 601-5. VRC 004 (03-I-0022) was the first Phase I clinical trial of a multiclade 4-plasmid DNA vaccine, VRC-HIVDNA009-00-VP, which expresses a Gag-Pol-Nef polyprotein from clade B HIV-1 and Env glycoproteins from clades A, B and C. This study evaluated the 2 mg, 4 mg and 8 mg dosage. In FY07 a manuscript describing results was published J Infect Dis, 2006. 194(12): p. 1650-60. The long-term follow-up for the protocol was completed during FY08. VRC 006 (04-I-0128) was the first Phase I clinical trial of an investigational recombinant serotype 5 adenoviral vector (rAd5) vaccine, VRC-HIVADV014-00-VP, for the prevention of HIV infection. This vaccine is composed of 4 adenoviral vectors (in a 3:1:1:1 ratio) that encode for the HIV-1 Gag/Pol polyprotein from clade B and HIV-1 Env glycoproteins from clades A, B, and C, respectively. This study evaluated three dosages. In FY07 a manuscript describing results was published J Infect Dis, 2006. 194(12): p. 1638-49. The long-term follow-up for the protocol was completed during FY09. VRC 007 (04-I-0254) was the first Phase I clinical trial of a multiclade 6-plasmid HIV-1 DNA vaccine, VRC-HIVDNA016-00-VP, which expresses Gag, Pol and Nef proteins from clade B HIV-1 and Env glycoproteins from clades A, B and C. The 4 mg dosage was evaluated. In FY07 a manuscript describing study results was published Vaccine, 2007. 25(20): p. 4085-92. VRC 008 (05-I-0148) was a Phase I study of the prime-boost vaccination regimen consisting of 3 vaccinations with the 6-plasmid DNA vaccine followed by a boost with the rAd5 vaccine. This study evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of both Biojector and needle/syringe as injection devices for the DNA vaccine, as well as safety and immunogenicity of two different dosages for the rAd5 booster. The study was designed to enroll equal numbers of subjects with low and high antibody titers to adenovirus serotype 5 at enrollment in order to gain a better understanding of whether pre-existing antibody affects the safety and immunogenicity of the rAd5 booster. During FY08 week 94 long-term follow-up evaluations were completed and analysis of the primary immunogenicity assays were completed. VRC 009 (05-I-0081) was a Phase I study of the rAd5 vaccine as a booster vaccination in subjects previously immunized with the 4 mg or 8 mg dose of the 4-plasmid multiclade DNA vaccine in the VRC 004 study. Ten subjects enrolled. Similarly, VRC 010 (05-I-0140) was a Phase I study of the rAd5 vaccine as a booster vaccination in subjects previously immunized with 4 mg of the 6-plasmid multiclade DNA vaccine in the VRC 007 study. Only a small number of subjects were eligible to participate; 4 subjects enrolled and completed the 24 weeks of follow-up. A manuscript describing results from VRC 009 and 010 combined was published: PLOS One, Feb 2010, 5(2):p. 1-15 VRC 011 (06-I-0149) was a Phase I study to evaluate the intramuscular, subcutaneous and intradermal routes of administration for priming vaccinations with either three injections of the 6-plasmid DNA vaccine or one injection of the rAd5 vaccine. In all schedules a rAd5 booster injection is administered IM. Sixty subjects were enrolled; equal numbers of subjects had negative and positive antibody titers to adenovirus serotype 5 at enrollment in order to gain a better understanding of whether pre-existing antibody affects the safety and immunogenicity of the regimens. Follow-up of study participants was completed during FY 09. VRC 012 (07-I-0167) is a Phase I study to evaluate a novel prototype adenoviral vector serotype 35 vaccine (rAd 35-EnvA) at three dosages in Part I of the study and then in Part II of the study heterologous prime-boost schedules with an rAd5-EnvA vaccine will be evaluated. During FY08 the Part I enrollments and vaccinations were completed. The enrollments and study vaccinations for Part II of the study were completed in FY10; long-term follow-up is ongoing. VRC 015 (08-I-0171) is a Phase I study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of both Biojector and needle/syringe as injection devices for the recombinant serotype 5 adenoviral vector (rAd5) vaccine, VRC-HIVADV014-00-VP. The enrollments and study vaccinations were completed in FY10; long-term follow-up is ongoing. VRC 016 (11-I-0197) is a Phase Ib descriptive study to evaluate the kinetics and pattern of early innate and adaptive immune responses to the rAd5 vaccine, VRC-HIVADV014-00-VP, alone and after priming with DNA vaccine. This study was developed and initiated in FY11 and remains ongoing during FY12. HVTN 505 (09-I-0163) is a multicenter Phase 2b efficacy study of the VRC candidate DNA prime-rAd5 boost HIV vaccine regimen for which the VRC Clinical Trials Core is participating as a site. After Phase 1/2 safety and immunogenicity evaluations of the vaccines were completed, this study was developed in collaboration with the Division of AIDS and HVTN. It is designed to see whether or not the vaccines have efficacy in prevention of HIV or an effect on HIV viral load in vaccine recipients as compared to placebo recipients who acquire HIV infection during 2 years of follow-up. This study is projected to be ongoing through 2014. | 2024-03-10T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/9221 |
In the past 10 more years since I have been informed often about the very enthusiastic, active and teaching and technical demonstrating activities in the basic neuroanatomy and neurosurgical practice in the various Asian countries by the founders of this journal.
I am deeply moved by their motivation and dedication to the people who live in this part of the world.
Furthermore, the publication of this journal will certainly promote and upgrade the availability and quality of neurosurgical care for the patients who need it badly in this part of the world.
The member of qualified neurosurgeons could possibly increased to meet the demand and necessity of them in these countries and territories through the proper cooperation and the mutual assistance between the neurosurgeons and the related professionals internationally.
I would like to cordially congratulate the publication of this journal and wish its healthy and productive future.
| 2023-10-04T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/2660 |
Randomized trial of dose-dense versus conventionally scheduled and sequential versus concurrent combination chemotherapy as postoperative adjuvant treatment of node-positive primary breast cancer: first report of Intergroup Trial C9741/Cancer and Leukemia Group B Trial 9741.
Using a 2 x 2 factorial design, we studied the adjuvant chemotherapy of women with axillary node-positive breast cancer to compare sequential doxorubicin (A), paclitaxel (T), and cyclophosphamide (C) with concurrent doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by paclitaxel (T) for disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS); to determine whether the dose density of the agents improves DFS and OS; and to compare toxicities. A total of 2,005 female patients were randomly assigned to receive one of the following regimens: (I) sequential A x 4 (doses) --> T x 4 --> C x 4 with doses every 3 weeks, (II) sequential A x 4 --> T x 4 --> C x 4 every 2 weeks with filgrastim, (III) concurrent AC x 4 --> T x 4 every 3 weeks, or (IV) concurrent AC x 4 --> T x 4 every 2 weeks with filgrastim. A protocol-specified analysis was performed at a median follow-up of 36 months: 315 patients had experienced relapse or died, compared with 515 expected treatment failures. Dose-dense treatment improved the primary end point, DFS (risk ratio [RR] = 0.74; P =.010), and OS (RR = 0.69; P =.013). Four-year DFS was 82% for the dose-dense regimens and 75% for the others. There was no difference in either DFS or OS between the concurrent and sequential schedules. There was no interaction between density and sequence. Severe neutropenia was less frequent in patients who received the dose-dense regimens. Dose density improves clinical outcomes significantly, despite the lower than expected number of events at this time. Sequential chemotherapy is as effective as concurrent chemotherapy. | 2024-03-10T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5901 |
Supercomplex wave-vortex multiscale phenomena induced in laser-matter interactions.
The interaction of laser light with a metal surface yields a complex configuration of point defects, e.g., droplets and holes and vortex microfilaments. When a single filament interacts with a defect it "winds" around the defect and can form loops, and rings. Interaction of a single filament with a single defect gives rise to arc deformation bending, formation of loops and rings, while its interaction with a two-dimensional (2D) random lattice of defects gives rise to the vortex filament splitting and breaking which occur at nodal points of the Voronoi lattice. Interaction of one-dimensional (1D) vortex filament lattice with 2D lattice of defects results in the formation of knotted structures such as the Hopf links as well as 1D and 2D Hopf link crystals, knotted along the sides of the Voronoi lattice. We observed that configurations of vortex filaments are organized at three hierarchical levels of growing complexity. Every level is comprised of the elements of the lower complexity one, indicating the presence of a supercomplexity. | 2024-04-30T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/2316 |
Q:
Postgresql Multiple counts for one table
From two columns in my table I want to get a unified count for the values in these columns.
As an example, two columns are:
Table: reports
| type | place |
-----------------------------------------
| one | home |
| two | school |
| three | work |
| four | cafe |
| five | friends |
| six | mall |
| one | work |
| one | work |
| three | work |
| two | cafe |
| five | cafe |
| one | home |
If I do:
SELECT type, count(*) from reports
group by type
I get:
| type | count |
-----------------------------
| one | 4 |
| two | 2 |
| three | 2 |
| four | 1 |
| five | 2 |
| six | 1 |
Im trying to get something like this: (one rightmost column with my types grouped together and multiple columns with the count vales for each place)
I get:
| type | home | school | work | cafe | friends | mall |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| one | 2 | | 2 | | | |
| two | | 1 | | 1 | | |
| three | | | 2 | | | |
| four | | | | 1 | | |
| five | | | | 1 | 1 | |
| six | | | | | | 1 |
which would be the result of running a count like the one above for every place like this:
SELECT type, count(*) from reports where place = 'home'
group by type
SELECT type, count(*) from reports where place = 'school'
group by type
SELECT type, count(*) from reports where place = 'work'
group by type
SELECT type, count(*) from reports where place = 'cafe'
group by type
SELECT type, count(*) from reports where place = 'friends'
group by type
SELECT type, count(*) from reports where place = 'mall'
group by type
Is this possible with postgresql?
Thanks in advance.
A:
you can use case in this case -
SELECT type,
sum(case when place = 'home' then 1 else 0 end) as Home,
sum(case when place = 'school' then 1 else 0 end) as school,
sum(case when place = 'work' then 1 else 0 end) as work,
sum(case when place = 'cafe' then 1 else 0 end) as cafe,
sum(case when place = 'friends' then 1 else 0 end) as friends,
sum(case when place = 'mall' then 1 else 0 end) as mall
from reports
group by type
It should solve your problem
@S T Mohammed,
To get such type we can simply use using after group or where condition in outer query, as below -
select type, Home, school, work, cafe, friends, mall from (
SELECT type,
sum(case when place = 'home' then 1 else 0 end) as Home,
sum(case when place = 'school' then 1 else 0 end) as school,
sum(case when place = 'work' then 1 else 0 end) as work,
sum(case when place = 'cafe' then 1 else 0 end) as cafe,
sum(case when place = 'friends' then 1 else 0 end) as friends,
sum(case when place = 'mall' then 1 else 0 end) as mall
from reports
group by type
)
where home >0 and School >0 and Work >0 and cafe>0 and friends>0 and mall>0
A:
Answer by praktik garg is correct, it is not necessary to use else 0:
SELECT type,
sum(case when place = 'home' then 1 end) as home,
sum(case when place = 'school' then 1 end) as school,
sum(case when place = 'work' then 1 end) as work,
sum(case when place = 'cafe' then 1 end) as cafe,
sum(case when place = 'friends' then 1 end) as friends,
sum(case when place = 'mall' then 1 end) as mall
FROM reports
GROUP BY type
You can also use the following even shorter syntax:
SELECT type,
sum((place = 'home')::int) as home,
sum((place = 'school')::int) as school,
sum((place = 'work' )::int) as work,
sum((place = 'cafe' )::int) as cafe,
sum((place = 'friends')::int) as friends,
sum((place = 'mall')::int) as mall
FROM reports
GROUP BY type
This will work because boolean true is cast to 1 when condition is met.
A:
You can use filter clause as well:
SELECT
type,
sum(1) FILTER (WHERE place = 'home') AS home,
sum(1) FILTER (WHERE place = 'school') AS school,
sum(1) FILTER (WHERE place = 'work') AS work,
sum(1) FILTER (WHERE place = 'cafe') AS cafe,
sum(1) FILTER (WHERE place = 'friends') AS friends,
sum(1) FILTER (WHERE place = 'mall') AS mall
FROM
reports
GROUP BY
type
| 2023-08-11T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/1305 |
From plastic waste to homes
Can you clean up litter and house people with one idea? Yes, says an innovative Danish student.
L ise Fuglsang Vestergaard has a passion for baking. Last winter she travelled to rural India and, although it was hardly the optimal season for testing her sun oven, she got it to work. “We struggled with the mist that forms during the day and partially blocks out the sun, but we still managed to heat the grill to 200°C and produce nice little bricks of very high quality.” Not cakes, but little bricks. A student in design and innovation at the Technical University of Denmark, Vestergaard uses this method to produce sustainable building materials from plastic waste.
During a study trip to the small town of Joygopalpur near Kolkata in 2013, she noticed two problems: streets were littered with soft plastic and foil-covered snack bags that nobody wanted to collect because they had no recycled value in this rural area, and most houses were made of clay bricks that would wash away in the heavy rains.
When Vestergaard returned to Denmark, she began to experiment with melting soft plastic into moulds in an oven. She managed to transform the waste into colourful bricks strong enough to build a house that could withstand the weather. But an ordinary oven is a no-go in rural India where electricity is unreliable. Last winter, she returned to Joygopalpur with a grill that works using solar energy.
“When the villagers saw us working with this ‘useless’ waste, they asked us to also help get rid of their own soft plastic and snack bags,” Vestergaard recalls. “When told about the project, they even came up with new ideas like using the plastic bricks to build furniture.”
Given the lack of infrastructure in rural India and the monetary worthlessness of soft plastic, it is essential to operate on a local scale. Working with the Danish NGO InnoAid, Vestergaard hopes to turn her idea into a simple setup that can be easily implemented. She is heartened that, with technical assistance from InnoAid, an NGO in Myanmar recently adopted her idea. | 2024-01-10T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/1744 |
Medical tourism: the trend toward outsourcing medical procedures to foreign countries.
The rising costs of medical treatment in the United States are fueling a movement to outsource medical treatment. Estimates of the number of Americans traveling overseas for treatment range from 50,000 to 500,000. Charges for common procedures such as heart bypass can be $11,000 in Thailand compared to $130,000 in the United States. Knee replacement in the United States can cost $40,000 compared to $13,000 in Singapore.A new industry, medical tourism, has been created to advise patients on the appropriate facility in the right country for their condition, handle all travel arrangements, teleconference with physicians, and send medical records. To respond to the growth in medical travel, the Joint Commission (formerly the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations) initiated the Joint Commission International (JCI) to accredit hospitals worldwide. Although outcome statistics from hospitals outside the United States are rare, first-person reports on quality are numerous. Making surgery possible for uninsured and underinsured individuals or self-insured state, municipal, and private entities is a major benefit of medical tourism. Mitigating against medical travel are the lack of legal remedies in place for malpractice and the possibility that travel itself can impose risk to patients. For example, lengthy air flights where the patient is in a fixed position for hours at a time can cause embolisms. If the trend toward medical tourism continues, continuing education, credentialing, and certification services may be required to help assure patient safety. | 2024-02-09T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3433 |
Alexander Samsonov
Aleksandr Vasilyevich Samsonov ( , tr. ; ) was a career officer in the cavalry of the Imperial Russian Army and a general during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. He was the commander of the Russian Second Army which was completely surrounded and defeated by the German Eighth Army in the Battle of Tannenberg, one of the early battles of World War I. Ashamed by his loss of the Army, Samsonov committed suicide while retreating from the battlefield.
Early military career
He was born in Kherson Governorate of the Russian Empire in what is now part of Ukraine. After graduation from the Vladimir of Kiev Cadet Corps and elite Nikolaev Cavalry School, he joined the Imperial Russian Army at age 18 as a cornet in the 12th Hussars Regiment.
Samsonov fought in the Russo-Turkish War, 1877–78. After this war he attended the Nikolaevsky Military Academy in St. Petersburg. On November 4, 1888, he was appointed senior aide to the staff of the 20th Infantry Division, and from July 10, 1885, to February 4, 1889, served as Senior Staff Adjutant to the Caucasus Grenadier Division. From March 11, 1890, through July 26, 1896, he worked at various assignments at the Warsaw Military District. He subsequently became commandant of the Elisavetgrad Cavalry School. During the Boxer Rebellion (1900), Samsonov commanded a cavalry unit. During the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905), Samsonov commanded a cavalry brigade of the Ussuri Siberian Cossack Division. He was promoted to command all Russian cavalry forces in the First Siberian Army Corps following the Russian defeat at the Battle of Telissu. His forces subsequently protected the Russian flanks at the Battle of Liaoyang. Through these conflicts Samsonov gained a reputation as an energetic and resourceful leader, but some observers criticized his strategic abilities. He had no command experience preparing him to command an army of thirteen divisions.
In 1906, Samsonov became Chief of staff of the Warsaw Military District, and in 1909 was Governor-General of Russian Turkestan and commander of the Turkestan Military District. He was also commander of the Semirechye Cossacks.
The Great War
Command of the Russian Second Army
At the start of World War I, Samsonov received the command of the Russian Second Army for the invasion of East Prussia, which was guarded by the German Eighth Army under the command of General Maximilian von Prittwitz. Samsonov advanced slowly into the south-western corner of East Prussia, intending to link up with the Russian First Army, commanded by General Paul von Rennenkampf, which had started advancing into the north-east section of East Prussia. However, lack of communications between the two armies, and with the rear command of the Northwest Army Group, hindered co-ordination.
It is sometimes claimed that the poor coordination between Samsonov and Rennekampf during the campaign was based on their personal antagonism towards each other. This antagonism is said to have been based on an incident after the Battle of Liaoyang during the Russo-Japanese war where Samsonov had publicly quarrelled with Rennekampf on the landing platform of a railway station, and that the two were mutual lifetime enemies. However, the original source of this story is considered to be Max Hoffmann, at that time a colonel on the staff of the German Eighth Army. His claim of first hand knowledge of the disagreement is contradicted by the injuries to Rennenkampff at the time. Hoffman appears to have advanced this story during planning sessions, in support of his argument that Rennenkampf would not come to the aid of Samsonov. He argued that the German Eighth Army was free to use all of its forces in the attack on the Russian Second Army to their south, without fear of a counter-attack from their rear by the Russian First Army.
Battle of Tannenberg
Rennenkampf and the Russian First Army were the first to encounter the German Eighth Army, winning the Battle of Gumbinnen. The defeat led the German High Command to dismiss von Prittwitz and his chief of staff, replacing them by General (later Field Marshal) Paul von Hindenburg and General Erich Ludendorff. Hindenburg and Ludendorff arrived on the Eastern Front and decided to attack Samsonov's advancing forces with the full weight of the Eighth Army.. Hindenburg and Ludendorff were strengthened in making this decision by intercepted Russian wireless communications, which indicated that Rennenkampf and the Russian First Army could not reach the proposed battle in time to be of assistance, and by an intercepted order from Samsonov, showing the movement of his forces. The armies made contact on August 22 and for six days the numerically superior Russians had some success. However, by August 29 the Germans had surrounded Samsonov's Second Army in the woods between Allenstein and Willenberg. The rout that followed was named the Battle of Tannenberg by Hindenberg, to compensate for a defeat of the Teutonic Knights by the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania at the same location five centuries earlier.
Retreat and death
Samsonov attempted to retreat, but with his army now trapped in a German encirclement, the German forces killed or captured most of his troops. Only 10,000 of the 150,000 Russian soldiers managed to escape the encirclement. At least 92,000 Russian troops were taken prisoner, and between 300 and 500 Russian guns had been captured, out of the Second Army's initial total of some 600. Over 30,000 Russian soldiers were estimated dead or missing.
Samsonov and a small group of staff officers and men attempted to escape the encirclement, at first on horseback, and then on foot, over swampy ground, in the darkness of the night of August 29. Samsonov repeatedly was heard to say "The Czar trusted me. How can I face him after such a disaster?" They reached the town of Willenberg late at night, but found it was held by the Germans. At approximately 1 a.m. on August 30, Samsonov slipped away from his party into the forest. A shot blasted out. The Russians were not able to find his body in the darkness, but were eventually able to make their way to safety.
A German search party eventually found Samsonov's body in the adjacent forest, a bullet wound in his head and a revolver in his hand. The Germans buried Samsonov in Willenberg. In 1916, through the intercession of the International Red Cross, the Germans transferred his body to his widow, who was able to bury him in Russia.
Honours
Order of St. Anne, 4th degree (1877)
Order of St. Stanislaus, 3rd degree (1880)
Order of St. Anne, 3rd degree (1885)
Order of St. Stanislaus, 2nd degree (1889)
Order of St. Anne, 2nd degree (1892)
Order of St Vladimir, 4th degree (1896)
Order of St Vladimir, 3rd degree (1900)
Order of St. Stanislaus, 2nd degree with swords (1904)
Order of St. Anne, 1st degree (1905)
Golden Sword of St. George (1906)
Order of St Vladimir, 2nd degree (1906)
Order of St. George, 4th class (1907)
Order of the White Eagle, with swords (1909)
Order of St. Alexander Nevsky (1913)
References
Bibliography
Connaughton, R.M (1988). The War of the Rising Sun and the Tumbling Bear—A Military History of the Russo-Japanese War 1904–5, London, .
Jukes, Geoffry. The Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905. Osprey Essential Histories. (2002). .
Warner, Denis and Peggy. The Tide at Sunrise, A History of the Russo-Japanese War 1904–1905. (1975). .
Category:1859 births
Category:1914 deaths
Category:People from Mala Vyska Raion
Category:People from Yelisavetgradsky Uyezd
Category:Imperial Russian Army generals
Category:Russian military personnel of the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78)
Category:Russian military personnel of the Boxer Rebellion
Category:Russian military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War
Category:Russian military personnel of World War I
Category:Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russian)
Category:Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 2nd class
Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class
Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd class
Category:Recipients of the Gold Sword for Bravery
Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky
Category:Russian military personnel who committed suicide
Category:Suicides by firearm in Poland | 2024-03-29T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/7224 |
220 = -l*a. What is the units digit of a?
4
Suppose f = -3*i + 1044, -30*i + 27*i - 2088 = -2*f. What is the tens digit of f?
4
Let p(u) = u**3 + 8*u**2 + 13*u - 2. Let t be p(-6). Let q = -106 - t. Let v = -46 - q. What is the units digit of v?
2
Let v(o) = -o**2 - 4*o - 3. Suppose 1 = -2*k + 5*d, -3*k - 5*d - 11 = -k. Let j be v(k). Suppose l - 11 - 7 = j. What is the units digit of l?
8
Let f(x) = 21 + 16*x - 23*x**2 + 11*x**2 + 13*x**2. What is the tens digit of f(-21)?
2
Let a(k) = 4*k**3 - 11*k**2 + 25*k - 10. What is the hundreds digit of a(6)?
6
Let c be (-8 + 5)/(1/3). Let o = 66 + c. What is the tens digit of o?
5
What is the units digit of 162862/26 + (-7)/(-91)?
4
Let a = -32 + 37. Suppose -139 = -a*p + 171. What is the units digit of p?
2
Suppose -w - 28 = -3*w. Suppose 0 = -4*y + 3*y + 5*l - w, y = 3*l - 10. What is the units digit of y/10 - (-17)/5?
3
Let x(p) = p**2 - 9*p + 13. Let j(h) = h**2 - 5*h + 6. Let g(l) = 5*j(l) - 2*x(l). What is the units digit of g(5)?
4
Suppose -r + 11 = 5. Suppose -3*p - b = -37, r*p - 4*b - 62 = 3*p. What is the tens digit of p?
1
Suppose 2*a + 1 = -3*o, 0*a + a = -2*o - 2. Let g(d) be the third derivative of -d**5/60 + 7*d**4/24 - 3*d**3/2 + 14*d**2. What is the units digit of g(a)?
3
Let l = 3 - -7. Let d = 88 - l. What is the units digit of d?
8
Let n be 26 + 1*(0 - 1). Suppose 6*d = 9*d. Suppose -n = -a - d. What is the tens digit of a?
2
Let x(h) = -16 - 12*h + 15 - 2*h. What is the tens digit of x(-4)?
5
Let v = 53 - 23. What is the units digit of (-12)/v + 87/5?
7
Let y be (-4)/(-22) + 3/((-231)/(-371)). Let x(r) = 5*r**2 + 9*r - 17. What is the units digit of x(y)?
3
Suppose -2*j = -5 + 41. Let p = j + 23. Suppose p*a + 0*a = 5*b - 95, 2*a + 6 = 0. What is the tens digit of b?
1
Let g be 86/12 + (-7)/42. Suppose 0 = g*c - 3*c - 488. What is the hundreds digit of c?
1
Suppose -2*v + 17 + 13 = 0. Suppose -y + v = 4*k - 49, 0 = -2*y - 5*k + 131. What is the units digit of y?
8
Let p be 294/77 + (-4)/(-22). Suppose x = -p*x + 5. What is the units digit of ((-70)/(-28))/(x/6)?
5
Suppose 2*l - 4*l - 6 = 0. Let z be -2 - -4 - (l - -1). Let x(v) = v**3 - 2*v**2. What is the tens digit of x(z)?
3
Let g = -7 - -11. Suppose 6 = g*w - 2. Suppose 4 = w*y - y. What is the units digit of y?
4
What is the tens digit of (-6 - -6) + 382 + -1?
8
Let g = 8 - 10. Let v = -6 - g. What is the units digit of 1 + 0/(-1) - v?
5
Let u(f) = -f**3 + 4*f**2 + 3*f - 4. Let n be u(4). Let p(i) be the third derivative of 7*i**4/24 + 4*i**3 + 2*i**2. What is the units digit of p(n)?
0
What is the units digit of 16*9*(-13 - 220/(-6))?
8
Let k(v) = 3*v**3 + 34*v**2 - 10*v + 4. What is the hundreds digit of k(-11)?
2
Suppose 180 = 2*k - 188. Suppose 0*n + 4*n - k = 0. What is the units digit of n/4 + 3/2?
3
Suppose i + 2 = -o - 2, -2*i = -o - 4. Suppose 5*k + 23 = g, -2*k - 2*k + 126 = 3*g. Let z = o + g. What is the tens digit of z?
3
Let w(h) = h**2 - h - 2. Let r = -9 - -7. Let u be w(r). Suppose -4*a - 5 = d + 2, -4*d + u*a + 12 = 0. What is the units digit of d?
1
Let a(b) = b**3 - b**2. Let k be a(-1). Let x = 39 + k. What is the units digit of x?
7
Let d = -10 - -12. Suppose d*x + 186 = -x. Let o = x - -97. What is the units digit of o?
5
Suppose 23*q - 403 = -127. Suppose 5*v - 277 = 293. What is the units digit of (q/(-18))/((-4)/v)?
9
Suppose -7*r + 1248 + 2798 = 0. What is the hundreds digit of r?
5
What is the tens digit of (3 + -5)/(-18) + (-34446)/(-54)?
3
Suppose 3*k - 2403 = -31*r + 27*r, 2960 = 5*r - 5*k. What is the tens digit of r?
9
Let o = -2690 - -4400. What is the units digit of o?
0
Suppose -11*n = -4*n - 2023. What is the tens digit of n?
8
Suppose 12 = 4*x + 4*i, -x - 3*i + i + 6 = 0. Suppose -a - 5 - 11 = -3*y, -3*a - 5*y - 34 = x. Let g = -5 - a. What is the units digit of g?
8
Suppose -3*w + 4937 = -5*n, 5*w - 3*n - 12075 = -3868. What is the hundreds digit of w?
6
What is the tens digit of -46 - -46 - (-1 + -235)?
3
Let l(n) = -58*n + 19. What is the hundreds digit of l(-15)?
8
Suppose 133 = -g + p + 747, -g - 4*p + 614 = 0. What is the units digit of g?
4
Let r(i) = i**2 - 6*i - 2. Suppose 0 = -4*x - x - 85. Let k = x - -13. What is the units digit of r(k)?
8
Suppose -4*n = -5*t + 13788, 2*t - 6*n + n - 5522 = 0. Suppose 3*k + t = 16*k. What is the units digit of k?
2
Let j(l) = -4*l**2 - l + 2. Let f(m) = m**2 - m - 1. Let k(r) = -3*f(r) - j(r). Let n be k(-6). Suppose -3 = 3*p, -p - 29 - n = -b. What is the tens digit of b?
4
Let t be (-1)/((-3)/24 - 0). Let p(i) = 3*i**2 - 18*i + 9. What is the tens digit of p(t)?
5
Let w(b) = 43*b**3 - b**2 - 6*b + 4. Let g(y) = -42*y**3 + 5*y - 3. Let a(t) = -3*g(t) - 2*w(t). What is the tens digit of a(1)?
4
Let v = -17 + 14. Let q be (6*v)/(3/2). Let t(i) = i**3 + 11*i**2 - 13*i - 7. What is the units digit of t(q)?
5
Let v(a) = 2*a + 0*a + 4*a + a**3 + 8*a**2 - 2. What is the units digit of v(-4)?
8
Let d = -13 + 31. Suppose -q = -2*n - d, 4*q - 79 = -3*n + 4*n. Let x = q - -7. What is the units digit of x?
7
Suppose -2*a + 25 = -n, n + n + 2*a + 56 = 0. Let g = 104 - n. What is the units digit of g?
1
Let a = 132 + 227. What is the units digit of a?
9
Suppose y = -3*i + 3, 4*y + 4*i = 9 - 21. Let p = y + 56. What is the units digit of p?
0
What is the tens digit of (-1 - 7)/(6/(-15))*207?
4
Let x(h) = h**3 + 8*h**2 + 5*h + 1. Let a be x(-7). What is the tens digit of (-628)/(-12) + (-5)/a?
5
Let j(i) = 5 - i**3 + 9*i**2 - 18*i**2 + 0*i**3. Let m be j(-9). Suppose z = 3, 0 = m*q + 5*z - 70 - 275. What is the units digit of q?
6
Suppose 469*m + 108655 = 500*m. What is the tens digit of m?
0
Suppose -f - 16 = 4. Let d = f - -20. Suppose d = -4*u + 43 + 77. What is the units digit of u?
0
Suppose 45*c = 18*c + 17550. What is the hundreds digit of c?
6
Let w(q) = -31*q - 77. What is the units digit of w(-11)?
4
Let l(w) be the third derivative of 7*w**5/30 - w**4/3 + 11*w**2. What is the tens digit of l(3)?
0
Let j(v) be the third derivative of v**5/15 + v**4/6 - 4*v**3/3 - 9*v**2. Let k be j(-4). Let w = -22 + k. What is the units digit of w?
8
Let b be (-2128)/504 + 4/18. Let j be -18*(-2)/(8/(-6)). What is the units digit of (j/(-6) + b)*46?
3
Suppose -85 + 30 = -p. What is the tens digit of 3949/p - (-1)/5?
7
Suppose 2*l = -2*l + 72. Let f be (-4)/24 - 33/l. What is the tens digit of -1 + -1 + 30 + f?
2
Suppose 4*l + 5*p = 4093, 0 = 9*l - 6*l - 2*p - 3041. What is the thousands digit of l?
1
Let q(u) = -u**3 - 10*u**2 + 23*u - 88. What is the units digit of q(-13)?
0
Let c(n) = n - 1. Let i(x) = 3*x - 42. Let q(m) = 4*c(m) - i(m). What is the tens digit of q(-7)?
3
Suppose -118*l - 66180 = -133*l. What is the tens digit of l?
1
What is the hundreds digit of (9/15)/1 - (-11360)/25?
4
Let r(y) = 6*y**2 + 15*y + 3. Suppose 4*q - 3*q + 5 = 0. Let b(g) = 7*g**2 + 16*g + 4. Let n(u) = q*b(u) + 6*r(u). What is the units digit of n(-13)?
7
Let n = 327 + 29. What is the hundreds digit of n?
3
Let o(l) = l**2 - l. Let m be o(2). What is the tens digit of (m/6)/((-1)/(-13))*3?
1
Suppose 0 = -11*v + 7*v + 12. What is the hundreds digit of (668/8)/((6/4)/v)?
1
Suppose 0 = -2*a - 93 + 13. Let x = 182 + a. What is the tens digit of x?
4
What is the tens digit of (0 - 8/6)/((-392)/172284)?
8
Let r(m) = 73*m**2 - 5. What is the hundreds digit of r(-3)?
6
Let y(f) be the second derivative of f**5/10 + f**4/4 - 2*f**3/3 - 3*f**2/2 - 23*f. What is the hundreds digit of y(5)?
3
Let n = 26 - 23. Suppose 41 = 4*v - 2*q + 5, 0 = 4*v - n*q - 32. What is the tens digit of ((-4)/(-2))/(1/v)?
2
Suppose -23 - 19 = 2*m - 5*r, 3*m - 3*r = -45. Suppose 2*d - 7 = -17. Let f = d - m. What is the units digit of f?
6
Suppose -33*d - 192 = -3*c - 34*d, 2*c - 139 = 3*d. What is the tens digit of c?
6
Let n = 120 - 125. Let l(c) = c**3 + 6*c**2 + 4*c - 4. Let k be l(-4). Let i = k - n. What is the tens digit of i?
1
Suppose 3 - 13 = 5*t, 104 = 4*i - 2*t. Suppose c - i = 31. What is the tens digit of c?
5
Let r be (105/6)/((-1)/(-2)). Let j be (-14)/r - (-6)/(-10). What is the units digit of (-9)/3 + 3 - j?
1
Let r(a) = a**2 + 5*a + 10. Let p be r(-7). Let w(y) = -4*y + 3*y + 20 + y**2 + p - y**3. What is the units digit of w(0)?
4
Let x = 16 + -15. Let f = 30 + x. What is the tens digi | 2023-09-05T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5154 |
Genetics, molecular biology, and phenotypes of x-linked epilepsy.
Epilepsy is a common and diverse set of chronic neurological disorders characterized by spontaneous, unprovoked, and recurrent epileptic seizures. Environmental factors and acquired disposition are proposed to play a role to the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Genetic factors are important contributors as well. Comparing to the phenotype of epilepsy caused by mutation of single gene on an autosome, the phenotype of X-linked epilepsy is more complex. X-linked epilepsy usually manifests as part of a syndrome or epileptic encephalopathy, and the variability of clinical manifestations of X-linked epilepsy may be attributed to several factors including the type of genetic mutation, methylation, X chromosome random inactivation, and mosaic distribution. As a result, it is difficult to establish the genotype-phenotype correlation, diagnostic tests, and genetic counseling. In this review, we provide an overview of the X-linked epilepsy including responsible loci and genes, the molecular biology, the associated complex phenotypes, and the interference factors. This information may provide us a better understanding of the pathogenesis of X-linked epilepsy and may contribute to clinical diagnosis and therapy of epilepsy. | 2024-04-27T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8309 |
Last month, a federal court of appeals reversed an earlier ruling that forced Google to remove a YouTube video portraying an actress making anti-Muslim statements. (Read the full opinion here) Cindy Lee Garcia, the actress objecting to her portrayal in the video in question, claimed that Google infringed on her individual copyrights by posting a short video that unwittingly portrayed her making anti-Muslim statements.
Siding with Googling, the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco referred to an earlier ruling by the U.S. Copyright Office, which explained that it does not permit individual actors and actresses to make copyright claims based on their performance within a motion picture. This rule stems from the fact that motion pictures are considered to be single integrated works for the purposes of copyright registration. Simply put, the movie is the entire work itself, and a single actor or actress may not make his or her own individual copyright claim to it.
As such, the court said it would not register her personal performance apart from the movie itself. The en banc panel explained that allowing the injunction under “Garcia’s theory of copyright law would result in…splintering a movie into many different ‘works,’” which would in turn “make Swiss cheese of copyrights.” The court hypothesized that if a film had a large cast, it would then have to treat each and every individual actor as having their own copyrights within the film, causing “a logistical and financial nightmare…it would turn a cast of thousands into a new mantra: copyright of thousands.”
Garcia was hired to act in a short video, which was originally written and filmed as an action-thriller. The writer and director later turned it into anti-Muslim video, which ignited violent protests when it was released in 2012. Garcia claims to have had her life threatened as a result of video, and filed the lawsuit after Google repeatedly refused to remove the video.
Despite the political backlash of the film itself, Google and other supporters in the entertainment industry, and now the 9th Circuit agrees that granting Garcia copyright protection for Garcia’s performance would have a drastic and devastating effect on the law. | 2023-11-24T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3902 |
Q:
JSP Error Pages
Is there a way to have a custom error page while maintaining the HTTP error code (not capturing the error with an error page that itself has a 200 code)? Can that have to be done using the in web.xml or can I do that directly in the JSP?
If I send an HTTP error code using response.sendError then no other text appears on the page. I am able to get text on the page using out.println() but it doesn't seem to be able to print out html, just basic text.
A:
You should use response.setStatus(int statusCode) to set the status to 404 while still allowing you to send your custom error page.
| 2024-06-30T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5837 |
Florida State quarterback Jameis Winston (5) chats with defensive end Chris Casher (21) on the sidelines in the third quarter of an NCAA college football game against Syracuse on Saturday, Nov. 16, 2013 in Tallahassee, Fla. Florida State beat Syracuse 59-3. (AP Photo/Phil Sears)
On Wednesday, with new information in a report by The New York Times indicating that Florida State University may have mishandled a rape investigation under the watch of former university president Eric Barron, advocates for victims of sexual violence said they were reluctant to take that as a sign of change at University Park.
In less than a month, Barron will assume the presidency of Penn State, following what the university’s trustees and presidential search committee have insisted has been a thoroughly vetted process, including that of the Florida State rape investigation.
An attorney for one of Sandusky’s victims and a member of the statewide advocacy group for sexual violence awareness said they did not think the hiring of Barron signaled a flawed hiring process or a change in the university’s commitment to being a leader against sexual violence.
Thomas R. Kline, the attorney who represented Victim 5 in the Sandusky trial, said he had up until now been satisfied that Penn State’s search committee had not found a barrier or impediment to Barron’s appointment in the top leadership role at the university.
But he said there was always the potential for additional facts to develop that could significantly change Penn State’s view of him.
Dr. Eric Barron, candidate for Florida State University President, answers questions from the Florida State University Board of Trustees, Tuesday, Dec. 8, 2009, in Tallahassee, Fla.(AP Photo/Phil Coale)
“My expectation when Barron surfaced was that Penn State had not gone with him unless they believed he was vetted that that problem was vetted out of the way,” he said. “But facts and circumstances change and it’s incumbent on Penn State to look at anything new that is both public and comes from a highly reputable and important source in national news.”
Kline pointed out that as someone who worked in an adversarial capacity with Penn State, its trustees, lawyers and negotiators during the Sandusky case, he has been impressed at the university’s commitment to become a leader against sexual violence on college campuses.
“I saw a heightened sensitivity to the need to make certain that problems of this nature didn’t occur again at Penn State,” Kline said. “I still believe there are good intentions by Penn State to see this doesn’t happen again. Having said that it’s incumbent on university trustees to carefully evaluate anything new that arises.”
In the aftermath of the Sandusky case, Penn State continues to pay the NCAA a $60 million fine. Sandusky is serving a life term in prison, convicted of sexually abusing 10 victims. Scores other civil lawsuits have been settled.
A statewide advocate against sexual violence echoed sentiments that Penn State does not appear to have compromised its commitment to fight sexual violence with what could be interpreted as a inadequately vetted hiring process of Barron.
“I feel we need to give Penn State credit for what they’ve done and I assume they made hiring and policy changes that are here to stay,” said Kristen Houser, of the Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape.
“They learned first-hand why it’s important. I don’t know that bringing in a new president involved in another high-profile case is necessarily a bad thing.”
According to The New York Times both the Tallahassee Police Department and Florida State appeared to mishandled the 2012 rape allegations against star quarterback Jameis Winston. The U.S. Department of Education has begun an investigation into whether the university violated federal law in its handling and reporting of the matter.
Houser said the report in The Times failed to directly point a finger at Barron.
“I don’t think any information has been damning,” she said. “It’s been more tangential. It noted he was head of the institution. The article didn’t give information as to what he knew and when he knew it.”
Houser noted that the majority of sexual assault complaints rarely make it into the criminal system. For that reason, Houser urged universities to adopt and follow rigorous mechanisms and responses to address allegations of sexual violence.
In the meantime, she said, Penn State had earned a measure of praise for its aggressive role in tackling sexual violence. Houser included staff additions, community programs and resources among them.
“We need to look at Penn State as a whole system and acknowledge a lot of progress and positive steps since the Sandusky case broke,” she said “Hopefully bringing in a president who has dealt with this in the national spotlight .. that he would support continuing doing the right thing and getting positive feedback.”
This report was updated to clarify a quote from Kristen Houser regarding the criminal system process.
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To view and subscribe to any of our other newsletters, please click here. | 2023-09-19T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6792 |
Simultaneous oxidation of NO, SO2 and Hg0 from flue gas by pulsed corona discharge.
A process capable of simultaneously oxidizing NO, SO2, and Hg0 was proposed, using a high-voltage and short-duration positive pulsed corona discharge. By focusing on NO, SO2, and Hg0 oxidation efficiencies, the influences of pulse peak voltage, pulse frequency, initial concentration, electrode number, residence time and water vapor addition were investigated. The results indicate that NO, SO2 and Hg0 oxidation efficiencies depend primarily on the radicals (OH, HO2, O) and the active species (O3, H2O2, etc.) produced by the pulsed corona discharge. The NO, SO2 and Hg0 oxidation efficiencies could be improved as pulse peak voltage, pulse frequency, electrode number and residence time increased, but they were reduced with increasing initial concentrations. By adding water vapor, the SO2 oxidation efficiency was improved remarkably, while the NO oxidation efficiency decreased slightly. In our experiments, the simultaneous NO, SO2, and Hg0 oxidation efficiencies reached to 40%, 98%, and 55% with the initial concentrations 479 mg/m3, 1040 mg/m3, and 15.0 microg/m3, respectively. | 2024-03-21T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/7179 |
Before the internet as we know it came to be, there were other services that delivered news and information to homes via computers and TVs. Like AT&T's failed Viewtron system, which required content creators to shell out $34,000 for this Frame Creation Terminal that produced crude computer graphics even by Mario Paint standards.
For that much money—which would be equal to about $81,000 today—the system at least included a drawing tablet which let artists work more naturally. Or as naturally as an artist can work when limited to simple shapes, minimal font options, and just a 16 shade color palette. It's no wonder the results weren't exactly digital Rembrandts, and that AT&T wasn't able to entice enough consumers to keep the service fiscally viable for longer than just fous years. [AT&T Tech Channel] | 2023-12-30T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4360 |
Richard G. F. Uniacke
Richard Gordon FitzGerald Uniacke, FRSAI (19 August 1867 – 11 November 1934) was a British genealogist and librarian. He was the eldest son of the Rev. Robert FitzGerald Uniacke, late vicar of Tandridge, Surrey, a descendant of an old Irish family, the Uniackes of Uniacke and Castleton, County Cork. He was a great grandson of Richard John Uniacke (1753–1830), Attorney-General of Nova Scotia.
Born in 1867, he was educated at Repton and Trinity College, Oxford, where he graduated with honours in history, and rowed in his college eight. A Latin and historical scholar and genealogist, Uniacke was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland. For many years he served as assistant librarian at the College of Arms. A genealogist and archivist, in 1894 Richard G. F. Uniacke published "Some Old County Cork Families: The Uniackes of Youghal" in the Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society.
Personal life
In 1882, he married Cecilia Monica Lambert, of Garratt's Hall, Banstead, Surrey. The couple had three sons and two daughters. He died in 1934, aged 67, and was survived by his wife, one son, Richard Heygate FitzGerald Uniacke (1898–1972), and one daughter, Gwladys Patricia (born c. 1901–died 1980), who married, in 1926, to Major Sir Wilfred John Wilson Croker Barrow, 5th Bt. (1897–1960). Another son, Desmond Percival FitzGerald Uniacke (1895–1933) predeceased his parents, as did two other children who died as minors.
Sources
References
Category:1867 births
Category:1934 deaths
Category:British genealogists
Category:British people of Irish descent
Category:British librarians
Category:People from Surrey | 2023-10-05T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6106 |
Shares Traded
P/E Ratio
Trading Range
The current last sale of
$31.60
is 20.61% Higher than the 52 week low.
Intraday
Last 52 Weeks
High:
$ 31.75
$ 38.20
Low:
$ 31.37
$ 26.20
Company Description (as filed with the SEC)
German American Bancorp, Inc., is a NASDAQ-traded (symbol: GABC) bank holding
company based in Jasper, Indiana. German American, through its banking
subsidiary German American Bancorp, operates 53 banking offices in 19 contiguous
southern Indiana counties and one northern Kentucky county. The Company also
owns an investment brokerage subsidiary (German American Investment Services,
Inc.) and a full line property and casualty insurance agency (German American
Insurance, Inc.).
Throughout this Report, when we use the term "Company", we will usually be
referring to the business and affairs (financial and otherwise) of German
American Bancorp, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries as a whole.
Occasionally, we will refer to the term "parent company" or "holding company"
when we mean to refer to only German American Bancorp, Inc. and the term "Bank"
when we mean to refer only to the Company's bank subsidiary. ... More ...
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Please disable your ad blocker (or update your settings to ensure that javascript and cookies are enabled), so that we can continue to provide you with the first-rate market news and data you've come to expect from us. | 2024-06-24T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5216 |
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"responses": {
"200": {},
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| 2024-05-14T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/9906 |
Buffett's Group Already Owns 80% of the Israeli Metalworking Company
Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway Inc. agreed to pay $2.05 billion to purchase the remaining piece of an Israeli metalworking company that it had acquired a stake in seven years ago.
Berkshire is buying the remaining 20% stake in IMC International Metalworking Cos., called Iscar, from the Wertheimer family, the founders of the company. They had sold the first 80% to Berkshire for $4 billion in 2006, meaning the company doubled in... | 2024-03-09T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3710 |
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) accounts for nearly all cases of non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) (Choo, Q.-L., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 2451-2455 (1988)) and is a persistent health threat worldwide, with more than one million new cases reported annually (Zein, N. N. Clin. Micro. Rev. 13: 223-235 (2000)). HCV infection is almost always chronic and persistent. The most severe consequences of HCV infection are chronic liver disease and death, and HCV infection is the primary impetus for liver transplantation in the US (Zein, supra).
HCV is a positive strand single-stranded RNA virus approximately 10 kb long belonging to the Flaviviridae family (Zein, supra). There is considerable heterogeneity among isolates found in different geographic regions. These differences have been classified into multiple genotypes and subtypes. Although various different criteria have been used to characterize these genotypes, two principal modes of classification have been adopted. The more widely used of these was created by Peter Simmonds and uses Arabic numerals to denote different genotypes and latin letters for subtypes, e.g. type 1a, 1b, 2a, etc. (reviewed in Simmonds, P. Hepatology. February; 21(2): 570-83 (1995) and Simmonds, P. J. Hepatol.; 31 Suppl 1: 54-60 (1999)). According to this system, genotypes 1-3 are the prevalent types found in North America, Europe, and Japan, and the remaining types are found at various frequencies in parts of Asia and Africa. Thus in some instances HCV genotype may be of epidemiological importance, for example in determining the etiology of infection.
Efforts have been undertaken to elucidate the clinical significance of different genotypes. Some studies suggest that infections of type 1, in particular type 1b, may be associated with more severe disease and earlier recurrence (Zein, N. N. et al., Liver Transplant. Surg.1: 354-357 (1995); Gordon et al., Transplantation 63: 1419-1423 (1997)). Certain studies have also indicated that genotypes other than type 1 (e.g. 1a or 1b) may respond more favorably to various treatments, e.g. interferon (McHutchison, J. G., et al., N. Engl. J. Med., 339: 1485-1492 (1998)). It has been suggested that determination of HCV genotype in combination with other diagnostic markers, such as viral load, may be of value in arriving at disease prognoses (Zein, N. N. supra), and determining the course of treatment (National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement; Management of Hepatitis C: 2002; Jun. 10-11, 2002).
Different regions of the HCV genome have been used to determine genotype. The HCV genome includes relatively conserved regions, such as the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTR), variable regions (e.g. E1 and non-structural (NS) 5B), as well as hypervariable regions such as those encoding the envelope proteins (Halfon, P. CLI, April 2002). Studies have been carried out to correlate the presence of particular sequences in the conserved regions with sequences in the variable regions, in particular the NS-5B (Stuyver, L., et al., J. Clin. Micro., 34: 2259-2266 (1996)). As a result of such studies, genotyping assays based on conserved regions, particularly the 5′ UTR, have been developed to simplify the task of identifying which viral type or types are present in a specimen. Given the existence of commercially available viral load assays that rely on amplifying all or part of the 5′ UTR, the ability to determine HCV genotype based on discrete sequence differences in this conserved region presents a convenient means of obtaining extensive diagnostic information from a single amplified nucleic acid, e.g. a RT-PCR or Transcription Mediated Amplification (TMA) amplicon.
Various molecular biological methods have been applied to the task of determining HCV genotype using the 5′ UTR. These include reverse dot-blot analysis (e.g. Inno LIPA, Innogenetics, Ghent, Belgium, as described in Stuyver, L. et al., J Clin Microbiol. 1996 September; 34(9):2259-66, U.S. Pat. No. 6,495,670 and related U.S. and international patents and pending applications; direct DNA sequencing (e.g. TRUEGENE HCV 5′NC genotyping kit, Bayer Diagnostics, Berkeley, Calif., as described in Germer, J. J. et al. J Clin Microbiol. 2003 October; 41(10): 4855-7), and pyrosequencing (Pyrosequencing AB, Uppsala, Sweden, as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,258,568 and related U.S. and international patents and pending applications).
In addition to these molecular methods, serological methods for determining genotype have been introduced, e.g. the RIBA SIA test (Chiron Corp., Emeryville, Calif.) and the Murex HCV serotyping enzyme immune assay (Murex Diagnostics Ltd, Dartford, UK). Some studies indicate that serologic typing may be limited in terms of specificity and sensitivity (Zein, supra)
Therefore, there exists a need for a rapid, sensitive, accurate, and homogeneous method for accurately determining HCV genotype in a clinical sample, e.g. blood or blood fraction, without the need for electrophoretic or dot-blot techniques. Given the current reliance on molecular methods, it is likely that there will be an ongoing and increasing need for such scalable and automatable methods of determining HCV genotype. | 2023-08-26T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3888 |
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a serial recording apparatus, and more particularly to the method of controlling the position and speed of an ink jet head for use in such apparatus.
2. Description of the Prior Art
There is already known the serial ink jet recording apparatus utilizing linear motor as disclosed in the U.S. Pat. No. 4,012,676, but such known apparatus is not provided with means for the detection of position and speed of the carriage as well as of the initial or home position of said carriage by means of a single graduation plate. | 2023-09-27T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8683 |
In Huawei's case, suspicion is heightened by the fact the company's founder and chief executive Ren Zhengfei is a former PLA officer, and subject to contractual relations between Huawei and China's People's Liberation Army.
But according to two sources which spoke withReuters, an 18-month U.S Intelligence review on behalf of the White House found no evidence that Huawei had spied on U.S. companies. White House National Security Council spokeswoman Caitlin Hayden released a carefully worded comment, remarking, "The White House has not conducted any classified inquiry that resulted in clearing any telecom equipment supplier."
But the Reuters sources concurred -- Huawei was not cleared of being considered a security risk, but critically it was not for the spying question. According to the sources Huawei was instead considered to risky for the government to use as a contractor due to vulnerabilities in its firmware and software, which could leave its telecommunication equipment vulnerable to hacker intrusions.
Describes one source of Huawei's code, "We found it riddled with holes."
Huawei's routers are reportedly riddled with security holes -- some of which some analyst claim are deliberate back doors. [Image Source: The Hacker News]
Networking expert Felix Lindner agrees, saying that Huawei's problems appear to be more than likely due to sloppy coding rather than deliberate sabotage. He reveals, "I'd say it was five times easier to find one in a Huawei router than in a Cisco one."
China's government, as well as Huawei and ZTE, attacked the Congressional report and the suggestion that the Chinese OEMs should be banned from the U.S. market. A ZTE spokesperson pointed out that most American electronics firms also manufacture their electronics in China. Huawei's U.S. spokesperson Bill Plummer commented, "Huawei is a $32 billion independent multinational that would not jeopardize its success or the integrity of its customers' networks for any government or third party. Ever."
The Congressional report suggests its recommendations were based partially on a "classified annex", a source Reuters suggests is likely the 18-month intelligence probe.
II. Possibility for Future Spying is Still Strong
It's important to note that the report does not completely clear Huawei. One source, who investigated Huawei's products between 4 and 6 years ago on behalf of the intelligence community, claimed to Reuters that he had observed code snippets that appeared to be so-called "back-doors" -- deliberately inserted security flaws that would allow later exploitation. Huawei has repeatedly denied such holes exist, amid rumors.
Chris Johnson, a form China analyst for the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency tells Reuters that even if the unconfirmed classified report did clear Huawei of any obvious deliberate spying, that it still represents a major threat in the future tense.
Ren Zhengfei, founder and CEO of Huawei, is a former PLA officer. [Image Source: CFP]
That line of logic has led Canada and Australia to join the U.S. in banning Huawei's telecommunications equipment from government networks. However, Britain recently offered up a dissenting take when its government security experts declared Huawei fully vetted and capable of bidding on government contracts.
The daily tech isn't obscure.. its a good source of information... be it slightly bais from time to time.
And dont get upset I'm bashing no one.. jsut trying to show the other side of the coin.. which seems to be so taboo. I mean really do you think in your mind the US is seen as a highly respected country that has no history of international crimes and never seen as having double standards? Please open your eyes.
Finally I couldnt care who gets elected.. wont make a difference I just know Romney would alienate the rest of the world further and prove my point more.
quote: be it pretty bais from time to time.(in some articles that are some how political or made political)
There corrected it for you. ;-)
But seriously, its pretty simple why Americans cant make a good impartial opinion anymore, because all there news is just at best bias garbage in quality.
I am just back from 2 weeks in Huston and watched the news, and watched both Fox News and MSNBC, seriously cant any of they make any unbiased independent news anymore.
The news is so polarized that there is only black and white left, and there are no shades of gray any more, as in how the real world is colored.
Just yesterday there was a article in a Dutch newspaper was writing about the same thing i was seeing.
Here is a so so, Google translation.
quote: Split to the bone
NEW YORK - Who are wondering why the U.S. is so divided into two camps, they should enjoy a night zapping behind the TV. There are two different worlds shown. Even a night political humor during the traditional and very venerable Alfred E. Smith Memorial Foundation Dinner by the Fox News channel (right) and MSNBC (left) is as falsely charged as it gets.
For the event, where John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon in 1960, the first speakers were, came President Barack Obama and his Republican challenger Mitt Romney from their political comfort zone in order to help raise money for Catholic charities. Al Smith, the Catholic governor of New York who once was the first Catholic presidential candidate.
Tradition dictates that the guests of honor at funny way what plague punches together handing, but themselves take the grain. The latter is not the best feature of politicians and makes the White Tie dinner at the Waldorf Astoria in New York so special.
Romney the ball rolling and set the tone:,, Nice to walk around in clothes that we wear at home always. "A reference to his wealth. Another nice:,, Joe Biden is not here. This is unfortunate, who always laughs at least. "A good-natured pitch below the belt to the vice president. Politically convenient:,, My help and support is my wife Ann, who President Obama is Bill Clinton. "
Have you counted them? I have three jokes Romney told. Of bias must be no, we are not Fox News or MSNBC! So here the three merry notes of Barack Obama. At the opening applause:,, Please go to your seat. Before you know it screams Clint Eastwood against you. "That obviously hit on the conference of the Hollywood star at the Republican Convention in which he told an empty chair that Obama would be sitting, talking. And his poor first debate on his wedding took place. ,, I have at least learned that there are worse things than that day gift you forget. "And number three: 'It's nice to be in New York. I bought some in a few stores. Romney has a few shops bought. "
In short, both men put their best foot forward, no doubt helped by professional copywriters and pranksters. On Romney you could see that he felt uncomfortable. A successful joke, he looked somewhat furtive. I thought that was something charming have. This was despite his 65-year suddenly looked like a boy, even do he never really belonged to the most popular in his class, and was now, to his own surprise standing in the spotlight.
And what made it MSNBC? ,, You can see that Romney dose not mean it. He looks like he is stabbed from behind, but it does not wane show it. "
It was true that Obama looked more confident. But I found his smiles also not always true. And what made it Fox? The president was arrogant because he was there with his show business friends who he likes to visit and loves to play golf. This was of course followed by a clip with images of the golfing president instead of hard work rather on the green state.
And who won now? Romney or Obama? That didn't mater to me last night. It is a blessing for the country two days after a fierce debate both ruffs bombard each other with humor. I don't see that happening in Tehran or Islamabad, to name but a few places to mention, not so fast.
Americans like to see there president to be people like portrayed in "The West Wing", dignified, honest and smart, what they got is a idiot like Bush, or doubter like Obama. :~(
/Disclamer I grown up in Holland and was taught to be thankful to the US, as they liberated Holland and my grandmother properly owned her life to the food drops over Holland.
Also hey brought political changes, in how governments should work.(To bad they did not apply them in the US it self.)
I am not anti Americans, and I write this not to flame, and even do i have many friends in the US, and can get along with most Americans, but for years now i started to dislike the country it self more and more.
Not because the people are unlikeable, but pure because all the damage it dose in the world with its British like colonial behavior, and the lack of its own history, and what it has done to other countries.
quote: I mean really do you think in your mind the US is seen as a highly respected country that has no history of international crimes and never seen as having double standards? Please open your eyes.
You are either Canadian or English and obviously clueless about America and Americans; you reek of envy for the greatest country to grace the face of the world created not by accident nor by social government. Its clear these fact do contribute to overall unhappiness its typical of your ilk to live miserable joyless lives.
I would like to hear what international crimes we are responsible for? perhaps defending Europe from its domestically created enemies twice in the last century? or maybe bringing freedom and liberty to more Asians,Arabs, eastern Europeans then any other country or culture including other Asian nations in history. Maybe being naive enough to believe that the primitive cultures in Afghanistan, Pakistan and other Islamic nations were capable of giving up superstition and embrace free secular government? Maybe feeding the majority of the third world with our wheat?
Enemies of American see us weakened so the knives come out; pray that we can keep it together because if America dies the free world dies with it.
I don't know were to start and quite frankly I'm not going to bother.. you have no clue about history nor understand a simple premise like the impact of US agricultural subsidies. Words escape me... i'm just stunned that you are sooooooooo ignorant. It's actually rather scary to be honest.
Wow what a reasoned and well thought out rebuttal! Your Tiny intellect inside your tiny world view shows!. You are not here for debate but to display for all your superior intellect! You are a living cliché but hope is not lost there is treatment for NPD you can do it!
We are not infallible, we are not perfect, and we ARE weakened. We've spent 30 years crapping on the rest of the world, starting wars where we weren't wanted, and generally being the World Police. Do as we say or we'll kick in your door!
World War II is long over Cowboy Curtis, we can't ride the coat tales of the greatest generation anymore.
America has NOT been a positive influence on the world for many years, outside of exporting greed and consumerism. I am still proud to be an American, but part of having pride is realizing when you're country screws up, you own up to it, and don't act like your the greatest thing since sliced bread.
Also, greatest country ever, buahaha. Ever heard of Rome? Greece? They lasted just a feewwwww years longer than we did, and we wouldn't have democracy or federal republicanism without them. Learn your history.
There is a difference between patriotism and nationalism, and you are firmly on the side of the latter. | 2023-12-18T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3070 |
A critical search for evidence of changes in levels of circulating IgE in patients with cancer.
Serum-IgE levels in 95 patients with various advanced malignant conditions were determined by the radioimmunosorbent test. The results obtained did not support the claims of other workers that a high proportion of untreated cancer patients have extremely high circulating IgE levels, attributable to the release of a tumour constituent which interferes with this radioimmunoassay procedure. | 2024-04-26T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/4536 |
import React from 'react';
import { get } from 'lodash';
import { FormField, CheckboxInput } from 'core/presentation';
import { HelpField } from 'core/help/HelpField';
import { ITriggerTemplateComponentProps } from '../../../manualExecution/TriggerTemplate';
export class ManualExecutionBake extends React.Component<ITriggerTemplateComponentProps> {
private handleChange = (event: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {
const target = event.target;
const checked = target.checked;
this.props.updateCommand('trigger.rebake', checked);
this.setState({});
};
public render() {
const force = get(this.props.command, 'trigger.rebake', false);
return (
<FormField
label="Rebake"
onChange={this.handleChange}
value={force}
help={<HelpField id="execution.forceRebake" />}
input={props => <CheckboxInput {...props} text="Force Rebake" />}
/>
);
}
}
| 2023-10-11T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/2427 |
Effect of personal cancer history and family cancer history on levels of psychological distress.
This study examined the impact of personal and family cancer history on psychological distress. Regression analyses were conducted on a nationally representative sample of adult individuals who participated in the 2000 National Health Interview Survey, USA. Effects on distress of a personal cancer history, any family cancer history, or mother, father, sister or brother with a cancer history were examined. The interaction of personal and family cancer histories and three-way interactions with gender were also assessed. Analyses indicate that having either a personal or family cancer history is linked with significantly greater psychological distress and there is evidence of an interaction. Three-way interactions with gender were not found. Consistent with prior research, results demonstrated that cancer survivors are more distressed than the general population. Results extend prior research by indicating that having a first-degree relative with cancer increases risk for distress, and having personal and family cancer histories may exert a synergistic effect on distress. | 2024-07-16T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6756 |
Junior Patrick Holway, the second-leading scorer among the University of Maine’s defensemen last year with 19 points on six goals and 13 assists, has decided to leave the men’s hockey program.
“I need to get back closer to home. It’s a personal matter and that’s all I can say about it,” said Holway. “We’ll see how things work out. It wasn’t an easy decision.”
Holway, a native of Cohasset, Mass., played in all situations and was a key contributor on the point on the power play.
The possessor of an NHL-caliber shot, Holway had a two goals and three assists on the power play. He also notched five game-winning assists last season.
He was the Hockey East Player of the Month for December.
The 6-foot-4, 201-pound Holway, who was drafted in the sixth round by the Detroit Red Wings (170th overall) in 2015, said he wasn’t sure what is on the horizon for him.
“I’m not sure yet. I haven’t thought about it. I’m going to keep all of my options open for now,” said Holway. “I’m just going to focus on taking things one step at a time.”
He enjoyed his time at UMaine, saying “it was a great two years.”
He particularly liked game night at Alfond Arena.
“I’m definitely going to miss the fans. The atmosphere was always great. They were always very supportive,” said Holway, who had four goals and nine assists as a freshman and concluded his two-year career with 10 goals and 22 assists in 66 games.
“We want to thank Pat for his contributions to our program. We wish him great success in the future,” UMaine head coach Red Gendron said in a press release.
Contacted later Sunday by phone, Gendron said he didn’t have anything further to say about Holway.
The Black Bears still have eight defensemen on their roster including four who played in at least 33 games a year ago. That group includes senior co-captain Rob Michel (33 games), senior alternate captain Keith Muehlbauer (38) and sophomores Brady Keeper (37) and Alexis Binner (36).
Sophomore Veli-Matti Tiuraniemi appeared in 26 games and senior Sam Becker dressed for six games but has played in 66 career games. Sophomore Cam Spicer was on the team but didn’t appear in any games and Simon Butala is a freshman who played for the Central Illinois Flying Aces in the United States Hockey League last season.
UMaine plays the University of Prince Edward Island in a 6 p.m. exhibition game on Monday in Orono.
Follow BDN Maine Sports on Facebook for the latest in Maine high school and college sports. | 2024-02-12T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/2710 |
Storage devices such as hard disk drives are used to provide non-volatile data storage in a wide variety of different types of data processing systems. A typical hard disk drive comprises a spindle that holds one or more flat circular storage disks, also referred to as platters. Each storage disk comprises a substrate made from a non-magnetic material, such as aluminum or glass, which is coated with one or more thin layers of magnetic material. In a magnetic storage system, a digital data sequence is written as a sequence of magnetic flux transitions onto the surface of the magnetic medium in concentric, radially spaced tracks at a predetermined baud rate. The sequence of magnetic flux transitions corresponding to the digital data sequence are written onto the surface of the magnetic medium with a read/write head coil. The digital data sequence serves to modulate current in the read/write head coil. When reading the recorded data from the magnetic medium, the read/write head passes over the surface of the magnetic medium and transduces magnetic flux transitions into pulses of alternating magnetic polarity in a continuous time analog read signal. These pulses are decoded by read channel circuitry to reproduce the digital data sequence. Within increasing data density, magnetic flux transitions are packed closer together on the magnetic medium. As a result, adjacent magnetic pulses begin to overlap with one another, causing distortions, generally known as intersymbol interference (“ISI”), in the read signal. ISI can lead to detection errors. | 2024-05-23T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/6256 |
<h1>HL101</h1>
<p>MD5, SHA-1, RIPEMD-160, Whirlpool and the SHA-256 / SHA-512 hash algorithms all vulnerable to length-extension attacks and should not be used for obfuscating or protecting data without HMAC.</p>
<p>Length extension attacks allow an attacker to construct the <code>H(secret|message|append)</code> given only <code>H(secret|message)</code> and the length of <code>secret|message</code>. The attack uses the output hash to reconstruct the internal state of the hash function. From there, it is trivial to feed the hash function the data to be appended and output the new hash.</p>
<h2>Examples</h2>
<p>The following examples would raise a warning:</p>
<pre><code class="python">import hashlib
hashlib.new('sha256')
</code></pre>
<pre><code class="python">import hashlib
hashlib.whirlpool()
</code></pre>
<h2>Fix</h2>
<p>Use another hashing algorithm, e.g. blake2</p>
<h2>See Also</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://blog.skullsecurity.org/2012/everything-you-need-to-know-about-hash-length-extension-attacks">About Length Extension Attacks</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/amlweems/hexpand">Proof of Concept</a></li>
</ul> | 2023-10-31T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3060 |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
~ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
~ contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
~ this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
~ The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
~ (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
~ the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
~
~ http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
~
~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
~ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
~ WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
~ See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
~ limitations under the License.
~
-->
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<parent>
<groupId>org.apache.skywalking</groupId>
<artifactId>gateway-2.0.x-scenario</artifactId>
<version>5.0.0</version>
</parent>
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>gateway-projectA-scenario</artifactId>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
<version>${test.framework.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>gateway-projectA-scenario</finalName>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>repackage</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>spring-snapshots</id>
<url>http://repo.spring.io/snapshot</url>
</pluginRepository>
<pluginRepository>
<id>spring-milestones</id>
<url>http://repo.spring.io/milestone</url>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</project>
| 2024-05-17T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/1081 |
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Slane among worst affected local villages
Story by Ann Casey
Wednesday, 8th December, 2010 4:55pm
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The Civil Defence joined forces with Meath County Council to clear footpaths and walkways in Slane village after recent heavy snowfalls.
Roads around Slane were among the worst-hit in the country during the Arctic weather conditions and were impassable on several occasions during the past week.
Glassallen Hill, on the N2 north of Slane, and the N51 road from Slane to Drogheda, were among the worst affected areas while locals say it was a miracle nobody was killed in an accident in the village itself on Tuesday night of last week.
A lorry jackknifed in icy conditions on the steep hill and part of the vehicle ended up on the footpath.
“Slane is so dangerous even without icy conditions, and this Arctic spell has just proven how badly we need the by-pass,” said local councillor Wayne Harding.
The N2 generally from Ashbourne to north of Collon was among the worst affected roads in the country and from Kilmoon to Collon was closed for a period yesterday (Tuesday ) morning following fresh falls of snow on Monday night and Tuesday morning.
Meath County Council engaged snowploughs to clear the road and snow-ploughing also took place on Monday night on the the N51 between Navan and Drogheda to ensure it remained passable, it being a hospital route.
Gardaí were urging motorists to avoid the N2 on several occasions last week, as a number of trucks and coaches were stuck on the hills surrounding the village and also at Glasallen Hill between Slane and Collon. Motorists were advised to take the M1 via Ardee instead.
Local farmer Pat Barron assisted in pulling trucks up the hill at Glasallen on a number of occasions, while villagers in both Slane and Collon went out to help motorists who were stranded in the snow on Monday night and late last week.
Footpaths in Slane were also extremely dangerous following last week’s snowfalls and the Civil Defence and Meath County Council worked together to clear them.
Cllr Harding paid tribute to the council’s outdoor staff and to the Civil Defence volunteers for their work in the Slane area over over the past week. He also paid tribute to the Order of Malta who had assisted in bringing staff to nursing homes over the icy spell.
He was critical of the fact that the road from the M1 to the World Heritage Site at Newgrange was not on the council’s gritting map. “If this road was on the gritting map, it would keep the visitor centre open and would also alleviate the problems in a large settlement like Donore,” he said. | 2023-12-22T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/3348 |
Errion Charles
Errion Donaldson Charles (born 7 December 1965) is a sportsman from the Turks and Caicos Islands who has represented his nation at international level at both association football and cricket, despite being born on the neighbouring island of Saint Vincent.
Cricket career
In cricket, Charles first played for the Turks and Caicos Islands in the 2003/04 Americas Affiliates Championship against the Bahamas. He later played a single Twenty20 match for the Turks and Caicos Islands against Montserrat in the 2008 Stanford 20/20 at the Stanford Cricket Ground, a match in which he captained the team. He was dismissed for 4 runs in this match by Trevor Semper, with the Turks and Caicos Islands making just 67 runs in their twenty overs. Montserrat went on to win the match by 9 wickets.
Football career
Charles made his debut for Turks and Caicos in the country's first official international game, a February 1999 Copa Caribe match against the Bahamas and earned a total of 7 caps, scoring no goals. He represented his country in 4 World Cup qualification games.
References
External links
Errion Charles at ESPNcricinfo
Errion Charles at CricketArchive
Category:1965 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Saint Vincent (island)
Category:Association football forwards
Category:Turks and Caicos Islands footballers
Category:Turks and Caicos Islands international footballers
Category:Cheshire Hall players
Category:Turks and Caicos Islands cricketers
Category:Turks and Caicos Islands cricket captains
Category:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines emigrants to the Turks and Caicos Islands | 2024-03-08T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/9281 |
"I haven't heard it but it sounds completely ridiculous." Her dad/manager Matthew Knowles adds: "At 12 years into her career, the last thing someone should be questioning is her vocal ability. That would be like questioning if Kobe Bryant could shoot a jump shot. The vocals were obviously altered." Okay okay we get it. [MTV]
Lindsay Lohan is in Australia's Cleo magazine. She's asked: "As you're constantly in the public eye, how hard is it for you to forge successful, long lasting relationships?" She answers: "I don't think it's so hard. What I've learnt most is to keep my private life private." O RLY? Also, when asked about her "perfect evening," she says: "Staying in and watching a movie!" [ONTD]
Lindsay talked to Ellen about her split with Sam: "When you don't know you're breaking up… Really weird." LL says the break came out of nowhere. "I had no idea what was going on. I just hadn't seen her in, like, a week. She, like, disappeared." Also, is this underminey? "I think it's been really good for me. I thought it would be so much harder and it hasn't been. My sister's been here with me." [People]
Dolly Parton had lunch in Manhattan and a blogger witness it. Dolly had an "expertly made-up ageless face, Barbie doll suit (paired with sheer black leggings), that famous platinum mane, and shoes that no other human being could possibly walk in." [mediabistro.com]
Cyndi Lauper wants Susan Boyle to be in a film starring Cyndi and Tippi Hedren. "I think she's a kick. I really like her," sez Lauper. The movie is about "baby boomers who put their lives on hold to chase their dreams." [Reuters]
By the way, when Susan Boyle said she'd never been kissed, that was a joke, people/ She says: "Never been kissed? I've never stopped." [Music Toob]
Audrina is going to Spencer and Heidi's wedding this weekend. "They're two peas in a pod … I can't see either of them with anyone else." Is that a compliment? [People]
Uh-oh! Jennie Garth found out that her husband Peter Facinelli cooked a pasta dinner for the cast of the Twilight sequel New Moon and she is not happy: "I am pissed off, because he doesn't make me pasta dinners. I don't know when was the last time the man cooked for me!" [E!]
Rihanna and Katy Perry are boating & beaching together in Barbados. It looks so fun. I want to go to there! [NY Post]
Speaking of New Moon, you guys can have that lame ass sparkly vampire, I'll take the shirtless hot hotties of the wolf pack. Have you seen this new picture? Soooo down with brown. And only one of them is technically underage! What's that? Their abs are Photoshopped? Lalalala I can't hear you. [People]
NBC is considering running fewer episodes of Heroes next year, which will supposedly interrupt the storyline less. And you know, cut costs. [AdAge]
Kanye West was "polite and gracious" when he showed up — by himself — at the Tribeca Film Festival's kickoff dinner. DON'T GET ALL NORMAL ON US, YEEZY!!!!!!1!!! [Gatecrasher]
When filming ends on the last Harry Potter movie, Emma Watson says: "I will be . . . uncontrollable. It's been half of our lives. It's made us, it's formed us. It's such a big part of my life, so it will be really sad –and so much of the crew who have been there since the beginning are like my family." [Telegraph]
Alan Cumming supports New York Governor David Paterson's gay-marriage bill. "He's not doing it for political reasons. Like, when did gay marriage become something that could make you popular, for fuck's sake? That's just, like, being a little nippy, people being bitches." As for Rudy Giuliani? Cumming says: "I think he's an asshole. Please quote me on that." [NY Mag]
Since Matthew McConaughey is in a flick called Ghosts Of Girlfriends Past, he is forced to answer questions about past girlfriends. [E!]
This just in: "Natalie Portman and Chief Executive Officer Christine Aylward launched MakingOf.com, a behind-the-scenes Web portal that provides an intimate, fresh look into the process of creating entertainment by the insiders themselves." [PR Newswire]
Hot hottie Channing Tatum, of the critically acclaimed film Step Up, says of his new flick, Fighting: "I'm not a tough guy. I'm probably not even a good fighter." It's called ACTING, people, jeez. [USA Today]
Anna Nicole Smith cannot rest in peace because there's always some kind of dramz in her family; this time it's her half-sister suing the publisher of her book Train Wreck: The Life and Death of Anna Nicole Smith, because she claims she hasn't been paid. [TMZ]
Want to see a foxy picture of Christian Bale, from Empire magazine? Click click click! [ONTD]
Prison Break's Lane Garrison has reached a financial settlement with the parents of the 17-year-old he killed in a drunk driving accident back in 2006. [TMZ]
Cameron Diaz is in talks to star in a "legal comedy" called Bobbie Sue, about a "hard-charging female ambulance chaser whose mindset makes her the ideal candidate to be the face of a prestigious law firm when a powerful client is sued in a sexual discrimination case." [Variety]
Paul Giamatti will star in an indie drama called Barney's Version, in which he plays a man who has "led a reckless life highlighted by three marriages, two children and being a 'person of interest' in the mysterious disappearance of his bosom buddy. [Variety]
"I was so incensed, so passionate about having a Democrat in the White House, I was insane. I was just crazed. I trust this administration. I trust Barack Obama and his intelligence and have faith that he'll do the right thing. So I've been able to relax the last few months." — Barbra Streisand. [Yahoo News via Reuters]
"This issue is important to me. I didn't know too much about it before becoming a parent but whooping cough is on the rise. There have been a significant increase in reported cases over the past decade. Parents don't realize that they can get pertussis and transmit the disease to their babies." — Jennifer Lopez, the spokesperson for Sounds Of Pertussis. [UPI]
"I had kind of a binge eating disorder where instead of dealing with my emotions, I would stuff them down with food. I actually went into a treatment center for it. It was definitely that excess eating to kind of just stuff all the emotions down ... I really was a creative kid who didn't know she was creative and didn't have those outlets because I was always afraid to join the theater group and not perform. The moment I started doing music, the moment I did what I loved to do in my life and committed to it, I don't have those problems anymore ... I have my outlet. I have that form of expression. I can go to the studio and talk about my feelings." — American Idol judge Kara DioGuardi. [People]
"The most dynamic and sophisticated comedy to hit television in the last 10 years, if you like, and here it is, they're calling me. It's a great, great feeling. And as quickly as it came, I was on the set. It really felt like an out-of-body experience. 'I watch this show; what am I doing here? What is Steve Carell doing, improvising and trying to make me laugh?' They all do that. John [Krasinski] especially. He said to me the other day, 'My character hates your character so much, it makes me want to hate you in real life. Is that OK?' They're great guys, I love working on that show." — Idris Elba on his stint on The Office. [LA Times]
"I wouldn't want to change myself too much because that would really make things a bit false. I want to receive people as the real me, a real person." — Susan Boyle. [NY Daily News]
"You just leave them with enough food and water to survive. No, first of all, you have an amazing wife, and she gets it and handles all the craziness. And you just try to make the time you got really cool. When you're there, you're totally present, and you just bounce back and forth. At least I'm not in the military with people shooting at me. I have friends who are in Iraq. At least when we're gone, I'm in a hotel room. Maybe, I may lose my life to this really bad room service. That's the threat."— Taylor Hanson on how he handles going on tour and leaving four kids at home. [People]
"It's none of my business, but you know what I say about that? I understand the situation. I understand passion with young kids. My personal opinion about that is, he's just a baby. He's just a little baby that don't know how to handle his emotions when it comes to a woman. And he probably hears this and thinks, 'I know how to handle my emotions'; we all think we do. But the fact [is], you look at this person and you might be crazy in love, but we don't know how to handle those feelings." — Mike Tyson on Chris Brown. [MTV]
"I just put his foot in my mouth. There was no sucking. It was a spontaneous moment, too — it wasn't in the script. I just went for it. I still don't even know how Zac felt about me cramming his foot into my mouth. It's not like we're e-mail buddies." — Saturday Night Live's Jason Sudeikis, on his skit with Zac Efron. [Gatecrasher] | 2024-06-30T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/8811 |
Q:
Double OWIN authentication not working together
For my website I'm making an integration with a 3rd party authentication provider, using OWIN OpenId, to allow visitors to sign up/sign in/sign out. "Second"
I also have a test environment for my application where all code changes are tested before pushing these changes to production. I shield the test environment from public access with another 3rd party authentication provider, using OWIN OpenId as well "First". Only authenticated visitors can visit the test environment website.
Now the problem is that these both work standalone, but I can't seem to combine them. What I'm trying to achieve is that I can access the test environment by authenticating with First, and then, as a regluar visitor, authenticate with Second to see content designed for registered visitors.
Here's what I'm doing:
Both authnetication providers work with cookie authentication, but I gave them a different AuthenticationType to keep them apart.
if (IsEnabled("First"))
app.SetDefaultSignInAsAuthenticationType("First");
else
app.SetDefaultSignInAsAuthenticationType("Second");
// Configure First.
if (IsEnabled("First")) {
app.UseCookieAuthentication(First.CookieAuthenticationOptions); // AuthenticationType is set to "First" in these options.
app.UseOpenIdConnectAuthentication(new OpenIdConnectAuthenticationOptions
{
ClientId = First.AADClientId,
Authority = First.Authority,
Notifications = new OpenIdConnectAuthenticationNotifications
{
AuthenticationFailed = context => { ... },
RedirectToIdentityProvider = context => { ... }
},
AuthenticationType = "First"
});
app.Map($"{First.Path}/login", config =>
{
config.Run(context =>
{
context.Authentication.Challenge(new AuthenticationProperties
{ RedirectUri = First.ReturnUrl, IsPersistent = true },
"First"
);
context.Response.StatusCode = 401;
return context.Response.WriteAsync(string.Empty);
});
});
}
// Configure Second.
app.UseCookieAuthentication(Second.CookieAuthenticationOptions); // AuthenticationType is set to "Second" in these options.
app.UseOpenIdConnectAuthentication(new OpenIdConnectAuthenticationOptions
{
UseTokenLifetime = false,
Notifications = new OpenIdConnectAuthenticationNotifications
{
AuthenticationFailed = x => ...,
RedirectToIdentityProvider = x =>
{
var mgr = x.Options.ConfigurationManager as PolicyConfigurationManager;
if (x.ProtocolMessage.RequestType == OpenIdConnectRequestType.LogoutRequest)
{
var config = await mgr.GetConfigurationByPolicyAsync(CancellationToken.None,
x.OwinContext.Authentication.AuthenticationResponseRevoke.Properties.Dictionary["PolicyId"]);
x.ProtocolMessage.IssuerAddress = config.EndSessionEndpoint;
}
else
{
var config = await mgr.GetConfigurationByPolicyAsync(CancellationToken.None,
x.OwinContext.Authentication.AuthenticationResponseChallenge.Properties.Dictionary["PolicyId"]);
x.ProtocolMessage.IssuerAddress = config.AuthorizationEndpoint;
}
var redirectUri = Second.ReturnPath;
x.ProtocolMessage.RedirectUri = redirectUri;
x.ProtocolMessage.PostLogoutRedirectUri = redirectUri;
},
SecurityTokenValidated = x => ...
},
Scope = "openid",
ResponseType = "id_token",
ReturnUri = Second.ReturnUri,
ClientId = Second.ClientId,
ConfigurationManager = GetConfigurationManager()
AuthenticationType = configuration.AuthenticationType
});
app.Map(Second.LoginPath, config =>
{
// Trigger unauthorized so that active authentication will redirect to active directory.
config.Run(context =>
{
// Set policy in context to mitigate null ref exception in Startup.Auth OnRedirectToIdentityProvider
context.Authentication.Challenge(
new AuthenticationProperties(new Dictionary<string, string>
{
{"PolicyId", Second.LoginPolicyId}
})
{
IsPersistent = true,
RedirectUri = returnUrl
}, "Second");
context.Response.StatusCode = 401;
// Middleware will redirect us instead of using this output.
return context.Response.WriteAsync(string.Empty);
});
});
app.Map(Second.ReturnPath, config =>
{
config.Use((context, next) =>
{
// In case of login, we will never get here because we will get redirected by middleware.
context.Response.Redirect("/");
return Task.FromResult(0);
});
});
When First is enabled, this allows me to do
var identity = HttpContext.Current.GetOwinContext.Authentication.AuthenticateAsync("Second").Result?.Identity;
on subsequent requests and have a ClaimsIdentity. But when First is enabled, for some reason the above Result is null.
I've noticed that when I enable both First and Second, and set the DefaultSignInAsAuthenticationType to "Second", it is First that doesn't work anymore. If I enable both First and Second, and browse the site with a previous authentication cookie of First, everything works just fine.
I'm guessing that the return method, that somewhere sets an authentication cookie needs some reference of AuthenticationType, but I don't know where to do that.
What am I missing?
A:
The trick is to add the AuthenticationType to TokenValidationParameters when configuring Second, like so:
app.UseOpenIdConnectAuthentication(new OpenIdConnectAuthenticationOptions
{
UseTokenLifetime = false,
Notifications = new OpenIdConnectAuthenticationNotifications
{
AuthenticationFailed = x => ...,
RedirectToIdentityProvider = x =>
{
var mgr = x.Options.ConfigurationManager as PolicyConfigurationManager;
if (x.ProtocolMessage.RequestType == OpenIdConnectRequestType.LogoutRequest)
{
var config = await mgr.GetConfigurationByPolicyAsync(CancellationToken.None,
x.OwinContext.Authentication.AuthenticationResponseRevoke.Properties.Dictionary["PolicyId"]);
x.ProtocolMessage.IssuerAddress = config.EndSessionEndpoint;
}
else
{
var config = await mgr.GetConfigurationByPolicyAsync(CancellationToken.None,
x.OwinContext.Authentication.AuthenticationResponseChallenge.Properties.Dictionary["PolicyId"]);
x.ProtocolMessage.IssuerAddress = config.AuthorizationEndpoint;
}
var redirectUri = Second.ReturnPath;
x.ProtocolMessage.RedirectUri = redirectUri;
x.ProtocolMessage.PostLogoutRedirectUri = redirectUri;
},
SecurityTokenValidated = x => ...
},
Scope = "openid",
ResponseType = "id_token",
ReturnUri = Second.ReturnUri,
ClientId = Second.ClientId,
ConfigurationManager = GetConfigurationManager(),
AuthenticationType = configuration.AuthenticationType,
// ADD THIS TO MAKE IT WORK:
TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
{
AuthenticationType = configuration.AuthenticationType
}
});
| 2024-06-10T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/5857 |
package io.gomint.inventory.item;
import io.gomint.GoMint;
/**
* @author geNAZt
* @version 1.0
* @stability 3
*/
public interface ItemCompass extends ItemStack {
/**
* Create a new item stack with given class and amount
*
* @param amount which is used for the creation
*/
static ItemCompass create( int amount ) {
return GoMint.instance().createItemStack( ItemCompass.class, amount );
}
}
| 2023-12-23T01:27:05.828072 | https://example.com/article/7606 |
Endorsed by The American College of Radiology and the American Thoracic Society
In some parts of the world, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has stressed the health-care systems close to or even past their breaking point. Rightfully, much of the attention to date has focused on the immediate needs of patients suffering from the disease, particularly those who are critically ill. The strain on health-care systems and the need to control the virus using containment (testing and isolating cases) and mitigation (social distancing and shelter-in-place orders) have affected the care of patients with other common medical disorders. Clinicians have been forced to balance the risk of delaying potentially necessary evaluation and management against the risks of exposing patients to the virus in hospital settings, or exposing health-care workers to patients who may be asymptomatic carriers of the disease. This situation is further complicated by the re-allocation of resources, including personnel, to appropriately evaluate and treat patients with COVID-19.
Two related clinical situations that bring these issues into sharp focus are lung cancer screening and the evaluation and management of incidentally detected lung nodules. Current guidelines for lung cancer screening from CHEST (the American College of Chest Physicians), the United States Preventive Services Taskforce, and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommend annual low-dose chest CT screening for high-risk individuals, where the benefit of screening is believed to outweigh the harms \[[@bib1], [@bib2], [@bib3]\]. Similarly, CHEST, the Fleischner Society, the British Thoracic Society, and the American College of Radiology have published guidelines with recommendations that balance the benefit and harms of evaluating incidental and screen-detected lung nodules \[[@bib4], [@bib5], [@bib6], [@bib7]\]. The recommendations for small nodules are based on the size and attenuation characteristics of the nodule as well as the presence of lung cancer risk factors, whereas those for larger nodules are based on the estimated probability of malignancy (pCA) and the yield of additional testing \[[@bib4],[@bib6]\].
Clinical prediction models have been developed and validated to assess the pCA in nodules. These models can be used to help guide decisions about the selection and interpretation of additional diagnostic testing \[[@bib8], [@bib9], [@bib10], [@bib11]\]. Management decisions generally fall into three categories based on the estimated pCA of the nodule. For those in whom the pCA is low (defined as \<5%-15% in different guidelines)\[[@bib4], [@bib5], [@bib6], [@bib7]\], surveillance imaging is recommended. When the pCA is intermediate (defined as 5%-15% to 65%-70% in different guidelines)\[[@bib4], [@bib5], [@bib6], [@bib7]\], functional imaging (a PET scan) and/or a nonsurgical biopsy (bronchoscopy or transthoracic needle biopsy) is recommended. When the pCA is high (\>65%-70% in different guidelines), direct referral for surgical resection is suggested if technically feasible and the patient is otherwise fit \[[@bib4],[@bib6]\]. Although these recommendations seem straightforward, factors such as patient comorbidities and patient and provider preferences often influence the management strategy. The overarching goal of management is to avoid invasive procedures in patients who have benign nodules while expeditiously treating those that are malignant.
Performing a screening examination, and the evaluation of lung nodules, carries an added risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is added risk to the patient, other patients, and health-care providers from exposure to the health-care environment and the contact that occurs during testing. Recovery from surgical resection may be influenced by asymptomatic carriage of the virus. These added risks may upset the balance of benefit and harm struck by current (pre-COVID-19) guideline recommendations. There is also a shift in health-care resources, toward canceling elective procedures and imaging, in areas where COVID-19 is surging, or where systems are preparing for a surge, making it more difficult to adhere to available guidelines. These exposure risks and resource constraints have led the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to suggest that nonurgent care be deferred \[[@bib12]\].
To date, clinicians and hospital systems have been independently determining how to modify their screening and nodule management programs during the pandemic. The purpose of the current consensus statement was to provide expert opinion to clinicians in regards to the performance of lung cancer screening and the management of patients with pulmonary nodules (detected either incidentally or by screening) in a manner that is consistent with current CDC COVID-19 guidance.
Materials and Methods {#sec1}
=====================
The rationale for developing the consensus statement was discussed by the project leaders (P. J. M., M. K. G., G. A. S.) who then proposed the idea to CHEST leadership. With their support, the scope of the document, clinical scenarios, statements, and clarifying notes related to the scenarios were iteratively developed by the project leaders. A multidisciplinary panel of experts in lung cancer screening and pulmonary nodule evaluation was invited to participate. The usual CHEST conflict of interest review process for consensus statements was waived due to the rapid development of this statement and the nature of the content. All authors reported their potential conflicts as part of the publication process. The project leaders performed a search of current guidelines on the management of lung nodules. Guidelines relevant to the content of the scenarios were reviewed and a slide set summary was developed and distributed to panel members \[[@bib4], [@bib5], [@bib6], [@bib7]\]. [Tables 1](#tbl1){ref-type="table"} and [2](#tbl2){ref-type="table"} reflect current (pre-COVID-19) guideline recommendations for the management of solid and subsolid lung nodules (both incidentally and screen detected), respectively. [Fig. 1](#fig1){ref-type="fig"} presents a pre-COVID-19 management algorithm for the evaluation of 8- to 30-mm solid nodules \[[@bib4]\].Table 1Current (pre-COVID-19) guidelines for the evaluation of solid lung nodulesNoduleCHEST \[[@bib4]\]The Fleischner Society \[[@bib5]\]Lung-RADS \[[@bib7]\][∗](#tbl1fnlowast){ref-type="table-fn"}BTS \[[@bib6]\]\< 6 mm (100 mm^3^)LR: ≤ 4 mm optional follow-up\
\> 4-6 mm, 12-mo follow-up\
HR: ≤ 4 mm, 12-mo follow-up\
\> 4-6 mm, 6- to 12-mo follow-upLR: no follow-up\
HR: optional 12 moRTAS (category 2)\
For new 4-6 mm, 6 mo (category 3)\< 5 mm: no follow-up\
5-6 mm: 12 mo, 24 mo if stable on diameter, discharge if stable volume, option for further surveillance or evaluation if \> 400-d VDT, evaluate if ≤ 400-d VDT≥ 6 to \< 8 mm (100-250 mm^3^)LR: 6- to 12-mo follow-up\
HR: 3- to 6-mo follow-upLR: 6-12 mo (3-6 mo if multiple), then consider at 18-24 mo\
HR: 6-12 mo (3-6 mo if multiple), then 18-24 mo6 mo (category 3)\
3 mo if new (category 4A)3 mo then 12 mo after baseline if VDT \> 400 d, then as \< 6 mm≥ 8 mm (250 mm^3^)\< 5% risk, then surveillance in 3 mo\
5%-65% risk, then PET/CT scan ± nonsurgical biopsy\
\> 65% risk then proceed directly to treatment after staging and physiology testingConsider CT scan at 3 mo, PET/CT scan, or tissue samplingFor 8-15 mm, 3 mo (category 4A)\
≥ 15, ≥ 8, and new or growing, further evaluation (category 4B)Assess using Brock model\
\< 10% risk, then surveillance as above \> 10% risk, then PET/CT scan and Herder model (\< 10% surveillance, \> 70% consider resection[^1][^2]Table 2Current (pre-COVID-19) guidelines for the evaluation of subsolid lung nodulesCHEST \[[@bib4]\]The Fleischner Society \[[@bib5]\]Lung-RADS \[[@bib7]\]BTS \[[@bib6]\]\< 6 mm\
GG: No routine follow-up\< 6 mm\
GG: No routine follow-up\
PS: No routine follow-up\
Multiple: CT scan at 3-6 mo, consider CT at 2 and 4 y if stableGG: \< 30 mm or any size and unchanged: RTAS (category 2)\
PS: \< 6 mm: baseline RTAS (category 2), new 6-mo CT (category 3)\< 5 mm: No follow-up≥ 6 mm\
GG: 12 mo then annual through 3 y\
PS: ≤ 8 mm solid, 3, 12, and 24 mo, then annual mo, then annual until 5 y;\
\> 8 mm solid, 3 mo, further evaluation if persists≥ 6 mm\
GG: 6-12 mo then every 2 y until 5 y\
PS: 3-6 mo then annual until 5 y\
Multiple: 3-6 mo then based on most suspicious noduleGG: \> 30 mm or new: 6-mo CT scan (category 3)\
PS: solid component \< 6 mm, 6-mo CT (category 3); solid component ≥ 6-8 mm or new or growing and \< 4 mm, 3-mo CT (category 4A); solid component ≥ 8 mm or new or growing and ≥ 4 mm, further evaluation (category 4B)≥ 5 mm: 3-mo CT growth or altered morphology favors resection, stable, use Brock model, \< 10% then CT scan at 1, 2, and 4 y from baseline, \> 10% or concerning morphology, surveillance, biopsy, or resection[^3]Fig 1Pre-coronavirus disease 19 management algorithm for the evaluation of 8- to 30-mm solid nodules. ^a^Bronchoscopy or transthoracic needle biopsy. RFA = radiofrequency ablation; SBRT = stereotactic body radiation therapy. (Reprinted with permission from Gould et al.\[[@bib4]\])
CHEST staff arranged for two video teleconferences during which project leaders and panel members could provide feedback on the wording of the scenarios, statements, and notes, and then anonymously vote on the statements in real-time. Voting was on a five-point Likert scale with 1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = neutral, 4 = disagree, and 5 = strongly disagree. Fourteen panel members participated during the first video teleconference, nine participated during the second video teleconference, and one voted by e-mail. Changes to the wording of the scenarios, statements, and notes that occurred during the second teleconference were minor, helping to clarify the content, while being careful not to fundamentally change the statements in a way that could have altered the voting from the first video teleconference. A predefined threshold of 70% of panel participants voting agree or strongly agree had to be exceeded for a consensus statement to be accepted.
The manuscript was then drafted by the project leaders with attention to expanding on nuances of decision-making and the factors that would influence decisions. The draft was circulated to all panel members for feedback, which was subsequently incorporated into the final draft. This statement was endorsed by the American College of Radiology on April 20, 2020, and by the American Thoracic Society on April 21, 2020.
Results {#sec2}
=======
In addition to the three project leaders, 21 panel members were invited, and all 21 agreed to participate. The specialties of the project leaders and panel members included pulmonology (n = 17), thoracic radiology (n = 5), and thoracic surgery (n = 2).
Twelve scenarios were developed, each with a statement to vote on. Each statement included notes of clarification. Voting results for each scenario are provided in [Table 3](#tbl3){ref-type="table"} . The voting results for all statements exceeded the threshold of 70% of panel members voting agree or strongly agree. The scenarios, statements, and notes are listed here.Table 3Voting resultsScenarioStrongly AgreeAgreeNeutralDisagreeStrongly Disagree% Agree or Strongly Agree1: Delay initiation of screening24............1002: Delay annual screening231.........1003: Delay surveillance of solid nodule \< 8 mm1851......964: Delay surveillance of Lung-RADS category 3 nodule1751......965: Delay surveillance of ground-glass nodule195.........1006: Delay surveillance of part-solid 6-8 mm nodule1581......967: Delay surveillance of solid nodule ≥ 8 mm, pCA \< 10%81321...888: Monitor solid nodule ≥ 8 mm, pCA 10%-25%, in 3-6 mo61215...759: Monitor part-solid nodule ≥ 8 mm in 3-6 mo91122...8310: Evaluate solid nodule ≥ 8 mm, pCA 65%-85%1272217911: Avoid further diagnostic testing of solid nodule ≥ 8 mm, pCA \> 85%11921...8712: Consider delay in treatment of stage I NSCLC159.........100[^4]
Lung Cancer Screening: Baseline and Annual {#sec2.1}
------------------------------------------
### Scenario 1: An individual who meets eligibility criteria is referred to your lung cancer screening program {#sec2.1.1}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer nonurgent care, it is suggested that the initiation of screening be delayed.
Note:▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
### Scenario 2: An individual who meets eligibility criteria is due for their repeat annual chest CT screening examination (Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System \[Lung-RADS\] category 1 or 2 on their prior screening examination) {#sec2.1.2}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer nonurgent care, it is suggested that the annual screening examination be delayed.
Note:▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
Surveillance of a Previously Detected Lung Nodule {#sec2.2}
-------------------------------------------------
### Scenario 3: A patient is due now for a surveillance CT scan of the chest for an incidentally detected solid nodule, \< 8 mm in average diameter {#sec2.2.1}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer nonurgent care, it is acceptable to delay the surveillance CT scan for approximately 3 to 6 months.
Note:▪Current (pre-COVID-19) recommendations suggest a surveillance CT scan 6 to 12 months after the nodule was identified based on nodule size and clinical and imaging features \[[@bib4], [@bib5], [@bib6]\].▪Solid nodules \< 8 mm in average diameter typically have a probability of malignancy of \< 2% \[[@bib5],[@bib7]\].▪Factors that may influence the decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
### Scenario 4: A patient is due now for a surveillance chest CT scan for evaluation of a screening-detected lung nodule (Lung-RADS category 3) {#sec2.2.2}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer nonurgent care, it is acceptable to delay surveillance for approximately 3 to 6 months.
Note:▪Current (pre-COVID-19) recommendations suggest a surveillance chest CT scan 6 months after the nodule was identified \[[@bib7]\].▪Lung-RADS category 3 nodules are considered to have a 1% to 2% probability of malignancy \[[@bib7]\].▪Lung-RADS category 3 includes solid nodules ≥ 6 mm to \< 8 mm in diameter, part-solid nodules with the solid component \< 6 mm in diameter, new solid nodules 4 to \< 6 mm in diameter, new part-solid nodules \< 6 mm in diameter, and pure ground-glass nodules ≥ 30 mm \[[@bib7]\].▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
### Scenario 5: A patient is due now for a surveillance chest CT scan for an incidentally detected pure ground-glass nodule {#sec2.2.3}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer nonurgent care, it is acceptable to delay surveillance of any size pure ground-glass nodule for approximately 3 to 6 months.
Note:▪Current (pre-COVID-19) recommendations suggest surveillance of most pure ground-glass nodules (except for solitary nodules \< 6 mm in diameter) at varying intervals based on the number of nodules and nodule size \[[@bib4], [@bib5], [@bib6], [@bib7]\].▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
### Scenario 6: A patient is due now for a surveillance chest CT scan for an incidentally (or screening) detected part-solid lung nodule with the solid component 6 to 8 mm in diameter {#sec2.2.4}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer nonurgent care, it is acceptable to delay surveillance for approximately 3 to 6 months.
Note:▪Current (pre-COVID-19) recommendations suggest a surveillance CT scan 3 months after the nodule was identified \[[@bib4], [@bib5], [@bib6], [@bib7]\].▪This scenario corresponds to a Lung-RADS category 4A screening-detected nodule \[[@bib7]\].▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
### Scenario 7: A patient is due now for a 3-month surveillance CT scan of the chest for an incidentally detected solid nodule, ≥ 8 mm in average diameter (or a Lung-RADS category 4 screening-detected lung nodule). You estimate the probability of malignancy to be \< 10% {#sec2.2.5}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer nonurgent care, it is acceptable to delay the surveillance CT scan for approximately 3 to 6 months.
Note:▪Current (pre-COVID-19) recommendations suggest a surveillance CT scan 3 months after the nodule was identified \[[@bib4],[@bib6],[@bib7]\].▪Factors that may influence the decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
Evaluation of Intermediate- and High-Risk Lung Nodules {#sec2.3}
------------------------------------------------------
### Scenario 8: A patient presents for evaluation of an incidentally detected solid nodule ≥ 8 mm in diameter (or a Lung-RADS category 4 screening-detected lung nodule). You estimate the probability of malignancy to be 10% to 25% {#sec2.3.1}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer nonurgent care, it is acceptable to re-evaluate the patient with a chest CT scan in approximately 3 to 6 months.
Note:▪Current (pre-COVID-19) recommendations suggest further evaluation with PET/CT imaging and/or a nonsurgical biopsy for the patient described \[[@bib4],[@bib6],[@bib7]\].▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
### Scenario 9: A patient presents for evaluation of an incidentally detected (or screening-detected) part-solid lung nodule with the solid component ≥ 8 mm in diameter {#sec2.3.2}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer nonurgent care, it is acceptable to monitor the nodule with a chest CT scan in approximately 3 to 6 months.
Note:▪Current recommendations vary, suggesting further evaluation with PET/CT imaging, a nonsurgical biopsy, or surveillance with a short-interval chest CT scan if the nodule is believed to be inflammatory \[[@bib4], [@bib5], [@bib6], [@bib7]\].▪This scenario corresponds to a Lung-RADS category 4B screening-detected nodule \[[@bib7]\].▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
### Scenario 10: A patient presents for evaluation of an incidentally detected solid nodule ≥ 8 mm in diameter (or a Lung-RADS category 4 screening-detected lung nodule). You estimate the probability of malignancy to be 65% to 85% {#sec2.3.3}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to defer procedures and surgery when reasonable, it is acceptable to evaluate the patient with a PET scan and/or nonsurgical biopsy to ensure there is a need to proceed to treatment (surgical resection or stereotactic radiotherapy).
Note:▪Current (pre-COVID-19) recommendations suggest that you consider proceeding directly to surgical resection (if medically fit) for the patient described. PET imaging would be suggested as part of an acceptable staging evaluation \[[@bib4],[@bib6]\].▪For solid nodules ≥ 8 mm in diameter (or a Lung-RADS category 4 screening-detected lung nodule) with a probability of malignancy 25% to 65%, current (pre-COVID-19) recommendations suggest further evaluation with a PET scan and/or nonsurgical biopsy. We are not suggesting a change for this group \[[@bib4],[@bib6],[@bib7]\].▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.▪If the patient happens to have prior imaging, and there is evidence that the nodule is a slow-growing, potentially indolent cancer, one may consider delaying the evaluation.
### Scenario 11: A patient presents for evaluation of an incidentally detected solid nodule ≥ 8 mm in diameter (or a Lung-RADS category 4 screening-detected lung nodule). You estimate the probability of malignancy to be \> 85% {#sec2.3.4}
Consensus statement: During the COVID-19 pandemic, consistent with CDC guidance to minimize exposure to the health care environment, it is acceptable to avoid further diagnostic testing and proceed to an empiric treatment decision (ie, surgical resection or stereotactic radiotherapy).
Note:▪This statement is in keeping with current (pre-COVID-19) recommendations for management of the patient described \[[@bib4],[@bib6]\]. We are not suggesting a change for this group.▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, patient values, and comorbid conditions.▪Pretreatment physiologic testing and an appropriate staging evaluation should be performed.▪If the patient happens to have prior imaging, and there is evidence that the nodule is a slow-growing, potentially indolent cancer, one may consider delaying treatment.
Management of Clinical Stage I Non-small Cell Lung Cancer {#sec2.4}
---------------------------------------------------------
### Scenario 12: A patient has been diagnosed with a clinical stage I non--small-cell lung cancer {#sec2.4.1}
Consensus statement: Treatment of clinical stage I non--small-cell lung cancer may be delayed, consistent with CDC guidance to defer surgery when reasonable, after taking into consideration an assessment of the size of the cancer, growth rate of the cancer (if serial imaging is available), fluorodeoxyglucose/PET avidity of the primary tumor, patient values, and the general health and fitness of the patient.
Note:▪The patient's care should be discussed in a multidisciplinary tumor board setting if available.▪If testing suggests an indolent or very early cancer, a delay in treatment may be considered.▪If testing suggests poor general health or fitness, a delay in treatment may be considered.▪Factors that may influence this decision include COVID-19 penetrance in the community and hospital, availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, availability of resources, the availability of other sites that could accommodate the patient, patient values, and comorbid conditions.
Discussion {#sec3}
==========
The current article provides expert consensus-based statements about the care of individuals who are eligible for lung cancer screening and patients with pulmonary nodules detected either incidentally or by screening during the COVID-19 pandemic. The statements are consistent with guidance from the CDC to defer nonurgent care while health-care systems respond to the anticipated surge of COVID-19 cases and while social distancing and other mitigation measures are in place. It is important to note that the situation is fluid, and it is not possible at this time to determine when it will be advisable to return to usual care practices. That said, we suspect that the statements will remain valid in most countries for at least the next 3 to 6 months.
Consensus was unanimous for recommendations to delay baseline or repeat annual screening (statements 1-2), and \> 95% of panelists agreed to delay the evaluation of pulmonary nodules detected incidentally or by screening that have a low probability of cancer or are likely to be an indolent cancer (statements 3-6). Such nodules include solid nodules measuring \< 8 mm in average diameter, pure ground-glass opacities of any size, and part-solid nodules in which the solid component measures 6 to 8 mm in average diameter. Evaluation beyond the next surveillance scan will be influenced by the interval that had passed and the result of the surveillance scan.
Consensus was less uniform but still strong for recommendations to delay or modify the evaluation and management of patients with nodules measuring \> 8 mm in average diameter (statements 7-11) ([Table 3](#tbl3){ref-type="table"}). For such nodules with a pCA \< 25%, there was consensus that evaluation could be delayed for 3 to 6 months. In contrast, most panel members agreed that evaluation with PET or nonsurgical biopsy should occur when the pCA is 25% to 85%, with subsequent referral for treatment when cancer is confirmed or more strongly suspected. Presumably, this approach will reduce the frequency of avoidable surgery for patients with benign nodules compared with a strategy that follows current (pre-COVID-19) guidelines (65%-70% pCA threshold to consider proceeding directly to surgery),\[[@bib4],[@bib6]\] at a time when hospital resources are being redirected to the care of patients with COVID-19. Based on a similar line of reasoning, there was consensus that patients with a very high pCA (\> 85%) do not require additional diagnostic testing and can proceed directly to a treatment decision, thereby minimizing pretreatment procedures that may pose a risk to the patient or members of the health-care team (with the caveat that the patient should undergo appropriate staging and pretreatment physiological assessment in keeping with the principle of minimizing the use of invasive procedures and testing that generates aerosolized viral particles and that allows for judicious use of personal protective equipment).
Although there was universal consensus that treatment of stage I non--small-cell lung cancer could be delayed in certain circumstances during the COVID-19 mitigation period, decision-making in these cases should be guided by considerations such as the degree of hypermetabolism or growth rate of the tumor, the fitness of the patient for curative treatment, and patient preferences. Evaluation and treatment decisions for patients with stage I non--small-cell lung cancer and those with nodules at intermediate or high risk of cancer (pCA \>25%) should ideally be guided by multidisciplinary input and discussion to ensure that all factors are weighed and that management is appropriately individualized.
Patient preferences should be taken into account in all of the scenarios because individual patients are likely to differ in how they perceive the potential benefits and harms associated with delayed or modified evaluation and management. This highlights the importance of communication about the rationale for decisions with these patients. Pre-COVID-19 deficiencies in patient communication about lung nodule management are well documented \[[@bib13]\]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, where more communication is occurring over virtual platforms, these challenges are likely to be magnified. It is incumbent on providers to plan for these communication challenges by developing strategies and tools for communication of lung cancer risk and nodule management on these platforms.
As much as possible, patient management should be based on evidence and reflect a balance of benefits and harms of particular management approaches. Although many aspects of these scenarios have been reasonably defined in pre-COVID-19 settings, the COVID-19 pandemic introduces additional risks. The magnitude of these risks is not well defined and is likely variable depending on the local situation. The voting reflects confidence among the expert panel that sufficient evidence exists that the risk of a delay in screening, in surveillance imaging, in avoidance of biopsy procedures, or delaying management of an early cancer in the 12 scenarios is low, and an estimate that the risks related to COVID-19 posed by proceeding with pre-COVID-19 recommendations are probably higher during the active phase of the pandemic. Given the limited information available to clinicians, we encourage providers and patients to consider guidance from this document and those of other professional societies.\[[@bib14]\]
The authors of this consensus statement recognize that our statements should not be interpreted as one-size-fits-all and that what is appropriate now will change over time. Application of a general assessment to an individual patient requires the clinical judgment of the management team. In addition to considering patient factors and values, we have attempted to highlight that local factors, such as the prevalence of COVID-19 in the community, the availability of rapid COVID-19 testing, the adequacy of resources (personnel, imaging equipment, personal protective equipment), local policies, and the presence of other care delivery sites that are less affected by COVID, should be considered when making individual decisions.
We hope these statements are helpful and provide some reassurance and direction to individuals who are eligible for lung cancer screening, patients with lung nodules, and the clinicians who are caring for them during this challenging time.
**Financial/nonfinancial disclosures:** None declared.
**Other contributions:** The panel members thank Lee Ann Fulton and Dominic Fidanza for their help in organizing this project and the video teleconferences.
This article is published in *CHEST*, *Radiology: Imaging Cancer*, and *the Journal of the American College of Radiology*.
*JACR* requests that this article be cited as follows: Mazzone PJ, Gould MK, Arenberg DA, et al. Management of lung nodules and lung cancer screening during the COVID-19 pandemic: CHEST expert panel report \[published online ahead of print April 23, 2020\]. *J AM Coll Radiol*<https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2020.04.024>.
[^1]: BTS = British Thoracic Society; CHEST = the American College of Chest Physicians; COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019; HR = high-risk; LR = low-risk; Lung-RADS = Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System; RTAS = return to annual screening; VDT = volume doubling time.
[^2]: Lung-RADS was designed to be used in the context of screen-detected lung nodules.
[^3]: GG = ground-glass; PS = part-solid. See [Table 1](#tbl1){ref-type="table"} legend for expansion of other abbreviations.
[^4]: NSCLC = non--small-cell lung cancer; pCA = probability of malignancy. See [Table 1](#tbl1){ref-type="table"} legend for expansion of other abbreviation.
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