children, but brooks is objective and detached in her portrayal of these boys and girls. in poems written in couplets, the first line rhymes with the second, the third line rhymes with the foruth, and so on : i have a secret place to go. not any one may know. and sometimes when the wind is rough i cannot get there fast enough brooks is sensitive to the prosodic features of language : the loudness in the road and laughs away from me. it laughs a lovely whiteness, and whitely whirs away, some other where, still white as milk or shirts. so beautiful it hurts. the compound image " flitter - twitter " defines the delicate motion of the snow. the onomatopoeic words " sushes " and " hushes " convey the power of the silent and quite snow to quell " the loudness in the road. " " loudness " suggests the traffic and noise, which stand in opposition to the silence of the world of nature. the irregular length of the lines suggests the irregular but the motion of the snow. further, brooks ' s poems for children cannot be categorized as nonsense verses. on the contrary, they are sensible verses. though they appeal to our imagination, the children in her poems do not live in a pastoral, romantic, or idealized world. they are always the poor black children living in the urban ghettos. they suffer poverty and entrapment. in gwendolyn brooks : poetry and the heroic voice, melhem argues that brooks " acknowldges no cruel children but implies cruelty, the indifference that sanctions poverty and compels children to be prematurely involved in adult problems " ( 95 ). brooks ' s description of the bleak experience of children is an compiled protest against the socioeconomic injustices that they encounter. in " john, who is poor, " brooks depicts the poverty of the black boy, john, who lives with his widowed mother. she request the children in the neighborhood to sympathize with him, and share their eatables with him : oh, little children, be good to john! - who lives so lone and alone. whose mamma must hurry to toil all day. whose papa is dead and done. give him a berry, boys, when you may, and girls, some mint when you can. ( 1 - 6 ) but the poet dies not know " when his hunger will end, no yet when it began " ( 7 - 8 ). brooks makes it clear that


boys, when you may, and girls, some mint when you can. ( 1 - 6 ) but the poet dies not know " when his hunger will end, no yet when it began " ( 7 - 8 ). brooks makes it clear that racial oppression is the causes of the sufferings of the black children. but her criticism is not overt. further, she is objective in her description of their poverty, in keeping with the mood of the 1940s and1950s, she beloved that the whites would help the blacks solve their problems. but it took about eleven years, for her, from the year of her publication of bronzeville boys and girls ( 1956 ), to realize that the whites remained indifferent to the problems of the blacks. after 1967, brooks published three volumes of poetry for children : alones, the tiger who wore white gloves, and children coming home. in aloness ( 1971 ), a reflective poem of fifty - one lines, brooks projects a child ' s experience of solitude. the drawings by leroy foster present an appealing little black boy. the nine postures of the boy are indicative of this none different moods. unlike bronzeville boys and girls, which is written in quatrains and couplets with rhyme, aloneness is written in free verse without rhyme. it is written from the point of view of the black boy, who defines loneliness as the pain of being alone : " loneliness means you want somebody. / you have not planned to stand somewhere with other people gone. / loneliness never has a brought color. perhaps it is gray " 1 - 3 _ ). as the speaker is a child, the images are simple. the child imagines that the couloirs of loneliness are " gray. " the implied idea is the child ' s association of the color of loneliness with the4 black people ' s collective loneliness in the racially oppressive america. the child defines aloneness / solitude as the pleasure of beings alone : " but aloneness is delicious " ( 9 ). he compares aloneness with " a red small apple " ( 12 ). then he turns to the image of a pond. aloneness is " like loving a pond in summer, " a simile that graphs the child ' s experience of place and time ( 15 ). nowhere does the poem mention about racial discrimination. but the poem is educational in tone. brooks ' s aim is to develop a positive sense of identity among blacks. while aloneness is in free verse, the tiger who wore white gloves or what you are you


does the poem mention about racial discrimination. but the poem is educational in tone. brooks ' s aim is to develop a positive sense of identity among blacks. while aloneness is in free verse, the tiger who wore white gloves or what you are you are is rhymed like " bronzeville boys and girls. " the poem is illustrated by the drawings of timothy jones. it is a beast fable. unlike aloneness, which is indirectly didactic, the tiger is directly didactic, offering strategies for survival. the title implies human folly. the tiger wears white gloves to be fashionable, but his companions ridicule his strange behavior. the theme is self - acceptance and pride : that tiger flock aqnd wisely wearing what ' s fiercr as the face. s not whitness and lace. ( 15 - 23 ) the " tiger " represents the black people. " whiteness " represents the spurious standards of beauty established by the whites. as a metaphor, " gloves " represents phenomena like the black people ' s return to hair - straightening, which, for brooks, means aping the white values. the idea is that black is that black people should develop their own attributes and esteem them. as a realist, brooks always portrays what the blacks experience in society. despite her commitment to black consciousness, she has not forgotten the continuous bleak experiences of the black - adults as well as children. the volume children coming home! 1991 ), brooks ' s children do not live in a romantic or an idealized world. they encounter social and economic injustices. in the prefatory poem, " after school, " brooks delineates the odds against children : * not all of the children * come home to cookies and coca. * one will be shot on his way home to warmth, wit and wisdom. [ t / o ] * one teacher mutters " my god, they are gone, " [ t / o ] * one is ripe to report ten people to the principal. [ t / o ] * one whispers " the little black bastards. " the poem attests to the simplicity of her poetry written after 1967. in this dramatic monologue, written in a child ' s voice, brooks has abandoned lyricism and rhyme, and " deliberately abandoning the formal virtuosity that characterized her earlier work, brooks represents children ' s voices through a seemingly simple, declarative method... ( flynnn494 ). the image of the innocent child exposes the evils of the social practices


nostradamus [ public domain image ] nostradamus, the man who saw through time by lee mccann interest in nostradamus goes through cycles, usually coinciding with periods of uncertainty and conflict. at the beginning of world war ii people turned to nostradamus for clues as to how and when that conflict would be resolved, and to look for indications that somehow he had prophesized it. some used nostradamus for propaganda, or profit, or publicity. of course, this was also the case after the attacks of september 11th, 2001. this book, published in the early days of world war ii, is partially a biography of nostradamus, partially a historical novelization of incidents in his life, and an attempt to associate his predictions with historical and future events. mccann is at his best in the former parts of the book. he immerses us in the life and times of nostradamus. although many of the episodes are fictionalized, they make pleasant reading and appear to be historically accurate. the attempts to match notradamus ' predictions with historical events of the rennaissance are for the most part very well reasoned, and range from plausible to ' hmmm... '. the book concludes with a rather long section bearing on events of the twentieth century. this part feels tacked on, as if the publisher was eager to get a ' tie in ' to current events. mccann hypothesized that the war would continue until late in the forties, and would end because of the restoration of the french monarchy, specifically that a pretender to the throne would be crowned as henry the fifth. naturally, this falls far short of the mark, but it creates perspective for current and future attempts to make specific predictions based on the cryptic quatrains.


july 17, 1998 july 15, 1998 : a unique levitation furnace that flew on the space shuttle in 1998 is being eyed for upgrades to fly on future shuttle and international space station missions. " tempus on msl - 1 provided it was operationally reliable, " said dr. ivan egry, the project scientist at the german space agency ( dlr ). " i am really surprised at how much scientific data we are still squeezing out of it. " egry spoke tuesday morning to the third biennial microgravity materials science conference sponsored by nasa. tempus - built by the dlr and used jointly by dlr and nasa - is the german acronym for containerless electromagnetic processing in weightlessness. that, simply put, is what tempus does. an electromagnetic coil inside the tempus facility positions metal samples with about 1 / 1, 000th the force needed on the ground to work against gravity and keep the samples from touching the container walls. a second coil pumps in radio wave energy - a bit like a microwave oven - to melt the sample. this approach is vital in a number of research areas because touching the container walls will instantly cool the sample and levitation on the ground often involve forces great enough to disturb the sample. scientist don ' t want either to happen when they are trying to make precise measurements of fundamental properties that can help them refine manufacturing processes on earth. tempus flew on the microgravity sciences laboratory - 1 mission in 1998, and on the second international microgravity laboratory ( iml - 2 ) in 1994. data are still being analyzed, but egry gave a preview tuesday, including benchmark data that will let scientists correct the surface tension measurements for one type of metal, and make the first - ever reliable viscosity measurements. " many things were surprising, " egry said when asked about the data from tempus. among them were the first experimental measurements of the electrical conductivity of cobalt - palladium in both its liquid and solid states. tempus demonstrated its value by making repeat measurements that matched very closely with one another. consistency is crucial when one is trying to establish basic physical properties. for example, one line of experiments involved cooling metals, such as zirconium, far below their normal freezing point and then recording the point where they froze, how much heat they gave off, and other details. the zirconium sample was put through 120 melt / freeze cycles. " it ' s really amazing to see how


far below their normal freezing point and then recording the point where they froze, how much heat they gave off, and other details. the zirconium sample was put through 120 melt / freeze cycles. " it ' s really amazing to see how one undercooling cycle follows the other, " egry said as he showed a graph showing precise repeatability in the data. all told, the msl - 1 mission hosted 22 experiments comprising 197 hours of test run and 437 melting cycles. spurred by this success, dlr is looking at adapting tempus to fly on spacelab, and to incorporate better sample handling and video capabilities, and a broader temperature range. dlr also is looking at an advanced tempus that would allow scientists to replace samples in orbit - so the furnace would not have to be brought back - and add other improvements to enhance the science. editor ' s note : the original news release, with images and related links, can be found at : http : / / science. msfc. nasa. gov / newhome / headlines / msad15jul98 _ 2. htm other social bookmarking and sharing tools : the above story is reprinted from materials provided by nasa / marshall space flight center - - space sciences laboratory. note : materials may be edited for content and length. for further information, please contact the source cited above. note : if no author is given, the source is cited instead.


sep. 24, 2002 penn state engineers have optimized an energy harvesting circuit so that it transfers four times more electrical power out of vibration – the ordinary shakes and rattles generated by human motion or machine operation. using their laboratory prototype, which was developed from off - the - shelf parts, the penn state researchers can generate 50 milliwatts. although they haven ' t tried it, they believe the motion of a runner could be harnessed to generate enough power to run a portable electronic music device. by comparison, simple, un - optimized energy harvesting circuits, for example the type used to power leds on " smart " skis, can only generate a few milliwatts. the researchers say the new circuit offers an environmentally friendly alternative to disposable batteries for wearable electronic devices or for wireless communication systems. in addition, the circuit could be used in sensor and monitoring networks that manage environmental control in office buildings, robot control and guidance systems for automatic manufacturing, warehouse inventory ; integrated patient monitoring, diagnostics, drug administration in hospitals, interactive toys, smart home security systems, and interactive museums. the new circuit is described in a paper, " adaptive piezoelectric energy harvesting circuit for wireless, remote power supply, " published in the september issue of the journal, ieee transactions on power electronics. the authors are geffrey k. ottman, former penn state master ' s degree student ; dr. heath hofmann, assistant professor of electrical engineering ; archin c. bhatt, former penn state master ' s degree student ; and dr. george a. lesieutre, professor of aerospace engineering and associate director of the penn state center for acoustics and vibration. lesieutre explains that, like other energy harvesting circuits, the new penn state device depends on the fact that when vibrated so that they bend or flex, piezo - electric materials produce an alternating or ac current and voltage. this electrical power has to be converted to direct current or dc by a rectifier before it can be stored in a battery or used. hofmann adds that the magnitude of the piezoelectric material ' s vibration determines the magnitude of the voltage : " since, in operation, the amount of vibrations can vary widely, some way must also be found to adaptively maximize power flow as well as convert it from ac to dc. " using an analytical model, the team derived the theoretical optimal power flow from a rectified piezoelectric device and proposed a circuit that could achieve this


dec. 17, 2009 in a pilot project that could help better manage the planet ' s strained natural resources, space - age technologies are helping a washington state community monitor its water availability. nasa satellites and sensors are providing the information needed to make more accurate river flow predictions on a daily basis. " world leaders are struggling to protect natural resources for future generations, " said jeff ward, a senior research scientist at the department of energy ' s pacific northwest national laboratory, which is managed by battelle. " these tools help us sustainably use natural resources while balancing environmental, cultural and economic concerns. " ward manages a project on behalf of battelle that is helping to better predict the flow of the dungeness river, near sequim, wash., with data collected by nasa instruments. the project started by creating a new model that predicts river flows in the river ' s surrounding valley. it then expanded to help other communities in kansas, maine, oregon and washington state better manage their water and land resources with similar technologies. the project - - called the north olympic peninsula solutions network - - is lead by the north olympic peninsula resource conservation & development council and supported by pnnl and others. lucien cox of nasa will present the project ' s results dec. 16 at the 2009 fall meeting of the american geophysical union in san francisco. the project will help regional natural resource managers assess the abundance - - or lack thereof - - of the dungeness river. the river model was developed to show how nasa technologies like satellites, sensors and computational models could be used to improve short - term stream flow predictions. the river model relies on snowpack and temperature data collected from satellites, as well as real - time snowpack and water data collected by various agencies. the new dungeness river model ' s calculations can tell what kind of flow to expect - - from a trickle to a deluge - - on a daily and monthly basis. before, resource managers primarily relied on either water levels physically measured at gauges or historical data to predict total expected water volume over two to six months. neither method provided flow predictions as frequently as the new model. having more precise river flow predictions is especially important along the dungeness river, where the towering olympic mountains create a drying rain shadow effect and steep slopes prevent above - ground water reservoirs. sequim receives just 15 inches of rain annually. water is so treasured that the agricultural city is home to a 114 - year - old festival that celebrates a historic irrigation system. " improving the accuracy of


mar. 27, 2011 researchers from the instituto de astrofisica de canarias ( iac ) have discovered the existence of a black hole 5. 4 times greater in mass than that of our sun, located in the x - ray binary system xte j1859 + 226. the observations carried out from the gran telescopio canarias ( gtc ), managing to obtain the first spectroscopic data from this binary system to be published, have been determinant for the discovery. x - ray binaries are stellar systems composed by a compact object ( which may be a neutron star or a black hole ) and a ' normal ' star. the compact object sucks matter out of the star and adds it slowly to its own mass, through a spiral disc formed around it. this process of absorption is known as acretion. only 20 binary systems, out of an estimated population of around 5, 000 within our galaxy, are known to contain a black hole. xte j1859 + 226 is, in particular, a transient x - ray binary located in the vulpecula constellation. it was discovered by satellite rxte during an eruption registered in 1999. " transient x - ray binaries are characterised for spending most of their life in a state of calmness, but occasionally entering eruption stages, during which the rhythm of acretion of matter toward the black hole is triggered, " jesus corral santana explains, an astrophysicist from the iac, who led the work published in the monthly notices of the royal astronomical society ( mnras ). neutron stars as well as black holes are the remains left by a massive star after its death. most of the known neutron stars have a mass around 1. 4 times that of the sun, though in some cases, values up to over twice the mass of the sun have been measured. astronomers believe that when greater than tree times the solar mass, neutron stars are not stable, and end up collapsing and forming a black hole. for corral - santana, " measuring the mass of compact objects is essential to determine what kind of object it may be. if it ' s greater than three times the solar mass, it can only be a black hole. we found that xte j1859 + 226 has a black hole more than 5. 4 times greater than the mass of the sun. it ' s the definitive confirmation of the existence of a black hole in this object. " " with this result we add a new piece to the study of the mass


a black hole more than 5. 4 times greater than the mass of the sun. it ' s the definitive confirmation of the existence of a black hole in this object. " " with this result we add a new piece to the study of the mass distribution of black holes. the shape of this distribution has very important implications for our knowledge about the death of massive stars, the formation of black holes, and the evolution of x - ray binary systems, " the iac astrophysicist adds. twelve years of observation : measuring the visible and the invisible the astrophysicists ' team at iac hadn ' t lost track of the stellar object since it entered an eruption stage in 1999, when they started to set up observation campaigns to follow its evolution. the researchers have combined the photometric measures from the isaac newton telescope ( int ) and the william herschel telescope ( wht ) in year 2000, and those from the nordic optical telescope ( not ) in 2008, with the spectroscopy carried out with the gtc in 2010, the first one ever published about this particular object. " due to the low brilliance of the system under observation, we needed 10 meter telescopes in able to obtain spectra. in this sense, having been able to make our observations from the gtc has been determinant, " corral - santana emphasises. the measurements at the gtc were carried out with the osiris instrument, which may be used as a camera or as a spectrograph in the visible range. the spectrograph decomposes the light emitted by a star into its different frequencies and allows detecting lines corresponding to the different chemical elements present in its atmosphere. these lines adduce information about the physical properties of the star and its movement. the photometric measures allowed determining the orbital period of the binary ( 6. 6 hours ), while the spectroscopy data also provided information about the speed of the star ' s orbital movement around the black hole. the combination of both of these parameters proved to be vital to calculate the mass of the back hole. the gran telescopio canarias ( gtc ), located at the roque de los muchachos observatory ( in la palma, canary islands ), is the biggest optical - infrared telescope of the world, with a 10. 4 metre diameter mirror. other social bookmarking and sharing tools : - j. m. corral - santana, j. casares, t. shahbaz, c. zurita, i. g. martinez - pais, p.


aug. 15, 2011 scientists at the scripps research institute have devised a much easier technique for performing a chemical modification used widely in the synthesis of drugs and other products. known as " trifluoromethylation, " the modification adds a cf3 molecule to the original compound, often making it more stable - - and, for a drug, keeping it in the body longer. with the new technique, chemists can perform this feat using a relatively simple, safe, room - temperature procedure and can even select the site of the modification on the target compound. " i ' ve been presenting this methodology at several pharma companies, and there ' s a lot of interest - - so much so that their chemists are starting to use it, " said scripps research professor phil s. baran, senior author of the new study, scheduled for publication the week of august 15, 2011, in an advance online edition of the proceedings of the national academy of sciences. standard procedures for trifluoromethylation involve gases and associated hardware, high heat, metal catalysts, and oxidants. " the procedures are often prohibitively complicated, and medicinal chemists often don ' t have the time or the resources to get into it, " said baran. inspired by frequent consulting visits to pharmaceutical companies, baran and his lab began to look for simpler ways to perform trifluoromethylation. after running more than 500 different reaction setups on a test compound, they found just one that delivered significant quantities of the desired reaction product. it was a simple setup that used a reagent known as sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate, an inexpensive chemical that is stable at room temperature. chemists had long believed that this reagent was unsuitable for trifluoromethylating a broad class of molecules frequently found in drug compounds, and also that the reagent required the use of catalyzing metal salts. but in this initial screening, the reagent, known as langlois ' s reagent for its discoverer, the french chemist bernard r. langlois, seemed to work even without such constraints. baran and his team began collaborating with fellow scripps research chemistry professor donna blackmond and members of her laboratory to study how langlois ' s reagent works and to optimize its use, including the selection of trifluoromethylation sites on target compounds using certain solvents. with the optimized


june 11, 2012 in a pair of related studies, scientists from the florida campus of the scripps research institute have identified several proteins that help regulate cells ' response to light - - and the development of night blindness, a rare disease that abolishes the ability to see in dim light. in the new studies, published recently in the journals proceedings of the national academy of sciences ( pnas ) and the journal of cell biology, scripps florida scientists were able to show that a family of proteins known as regulator of g protein signaling ( rgs ) proteins plays an essential role in vision in a dim - light environment. " we were looking at the fundamental mechanisms that shape our light sensation, " said kirill martemyanov, a scripps research associate professor who led the studies. " in the process, we discovered a pair of molecules that are indispensible for our vision and possibly play critical roles in the brain. " in the pnas study, martemyanov and his colleagues identified a pair of regulator proteins known as rgs7 and rgs11 that are present specifically in the main relay neurons of the retina called the on - bipolar cells. " the on - bipolar cells provide an essential link between the retinal light detectors - - photoreceptors and the neurons that send visual information to the brain, " explained martemyanov. " stimulation with light excites these neurons by opening the channel that is normally kept shut by the g proteins in the dark. rgs7 and rgs11 facilitate the g protein inactivation, thus promoting the opening of the channel and allowing the on - bipolar cells to transmit the light signal. it really takes a combined effort of two rgs proteins to help the light overcome the barrier for propagating the excitation that makes our dim vision possible. " in the journal of cell biology study, martemyanov and his colleagues unraveled another key aspect of the rgs7 / rgs11 regulatory response - - they identified a previously unknown pair of orphan g protein - coupled receptors ( gpcrs ) that interact with these rgs proteins and dictate their biological function. gpcrs are a large family of more than 700 proteins, which sit in the cell membrane and sense various molecules outside the cell, including odors, hormones, neurotransmitters, and light. after binding these molecules, gpcrs trigger the appropriate response inside the cell. however, for many gpcrs the activating molecules have not yet


outside the cell, including odors, hormones, neurotransmitters, and light. after binding these molecules, gpcrs trigger the appropriate response inside the cell. however, for many gpcrs the activating molecules have not yet been identified and these are called " orphan " receptors. the martemyanov group has found that two orphan gpcrs - - gpr158 and gpr179 - - recruit rgs proteins and thus help serve as brakes for the conventional gpcr signaling rather than play an active signaling role. in the case of retinal on - bipolar cells, gpr179 is required for the correct localization of rgs7 and rgs11. their mistargeting in animal models lacking gpr179 or human patients with mutations in the gpr179 gene may account for their night blindness, according to the new study. intriguingly, in the brain gpr158 appears to play a similar role in localizing rgs proteins, but instead of contributing to vision, it helps rgs proteins regulate the m - opioid receptor, a gpcrs that mediates pleasurable and pain - killing effects of opioids. " we are really in the very beginning of unraveling this new biology and understanding the role of discovered orphan gpr158 / 179 in regulation of neurotransmitter signaling in the brain and retina, " martemyanov said. " the hope is that better understanding of these new molecules will lead to the design of better treatments for addictive disorders, pain, and blindness. " other social bookmarking and sharing tools : - y. cao, j. pahlberg, i. sarria, n. kamasawa, a. p. sampath, k. a. martemyanov. regulators of g protein signaling rgs7 and rgs11 determine the onset of the light response in on bipolar neurons. proceedings of the national academy of sciences, 2012 ; 109 ( 20 ) : 7905 doi : 10. 1073 / pnas. 1202332109 - c. orlandi, e. posokhova, i. masuho, t. a. ray, n. hasan, r. g. gregg, k. a. martemyanov. gpr158 / 179 regulate g protein signaling by controlling localization and activity of the rgs7 complexes. the journal of cell biology, 2012 ; 197 ( 6 ) : 711 doi :


7 when artists, anthropologists and neuroscientists gather at the brain unravelled in london through september 19, their creative efforts will range from paintings to performances to mixed - media works. in addition to the exhibition, which includes a children ’ s area, the event offers a daily program of film screenings, concerts, artist talks and lectures by renowned scientists. informed by the latest research, the speakers will delve into the relation between brains and minds, plumbing the deepest reaches of human experience : our consciousness. 9 charles darwin, in his 1871 book the descent of man, provoked his contemporaries by suggesting not only that our physical traits had evolved over time but also that our mental faculties had not always been as keen as they are today. at the conference evolution of brain, behaviour & intelligence in cambridge, england, international scientists will discuss advances made since darwin ’ s time, drawing on results from species as diverse as unicellular organisms and neandertals. darwin biographer james moore will deliver the keynote lecture. 12 in huntington ’ s disease, genetic mutations cause a protein known as huntingtin to become toxic to the brain, leading to movement disorders, problems swallowing and speaking, and eventually dementia and death. hundreds of researchers and clinicians will convene in vancouver at the 2009 congress on huntington ’ s disease to discuss advances in our understanding of the disorder as well as the latest results from experimental treatments. 24 will neuroscience transform national security? is a brain - dead person alive or dead? could new findings in brain science undermine moral and criminal responsibility? these are a few of the controversial questions that experts will take on at brain matters : new directions in neuroethics, a cross - disciplinary conference hosted by the novel tech ethics research team at dalhousie university. halifax, nova scotia 1 as many as half of us may suffer from a mental disorder at some point in our life. added to the burden of illness is the social stigma that people with mental health problems face. the scottish mental health arts and film festival, sweeping over the country until october 22, tries to raise positive awareness about these issues through a series of concerts, film screenings and theater performances. this will be the third year for the festival, which is the largest of its kind in the world. 8 ancient wisdom and modern neuroscience will collide at mind and life xix, a two - day conference presided over by the dalai lama himself. exploring the emerging intersections among their different fields, a panel of educators, scientists and contemplatives will discuss ways to


simply sql is a practical step - by - step guide to writing sql. you ’ ll learn how to make the most of your data using best - practice sql code. rather than bore you with theory, it focuses on the practical use of sql with common databases and uses plenty of diagrams, easy - to - read text, and examples to help make learning sql easy and fun. sql is the language used by all major database systems today. sql has been around for about 30 years, but is enjoying a real renaissance in the 21st century, thanks to the tremendous success of database - driven web sites. whether your web site is written in php, asp, perl, coldfusion, or any other programming language, and no matter which database system you want to use — mysql, postgresql, sql server, db2, oracle, or any of the others — one fact is almost certain : if you want to have database - driven content, you ’ ll need to use sql. sql is a simple, high - level language with tremendous power. you can perform tasks with a few lines of sql that would take pages and pages of intricate coding to accomplish in a programming language. who should read this book? if you ’ re a web designer or developer looking for guidance in learning sql for your web projects, this book is for you. in the early days of the web, everyone was a web developer. nowadays, the field has matured to the point where many different disciplines exist. two broad categories emerged : - web designers are responsible for what web site visitors see. this includes the design, graphics, and layout of the site. it also includes designing the functionality of the site, how it works, with considerations for the usability of site features. if you ’ re a web designer, you can benefit from learning sql — at least at a rudimentary level — because it will help you design better user interactions. understanding how sql works means that you can make life simpler for the developers who will im plement your designs : by ensuring that the web site is organized in a way that not only serves the web site visitor, but also allows for simple sql and good database design. we ’ ll cover both sql and database design in this book. web developers are the primary audience for the book. using several simple web application examples, we ’ ll explore all aspects of sql and database design that are required by web developers to develop efficient and effective web pages. the sample applications in this book really are quite simple,


a field guide to supernova spectra both types exhibit a wide variety of subclasses. type ia is of no interest because these stars don ' t emit neutrinos. types ib and ic are thought to undergo core collapse like type ii supernovae and, therefore, should emit neutrinos. as maurice gavin explains in " the revival of amateur spectroscopy ", low - resolution spectra of objects as faint as magnitude 13 or thereabouts are accessible to modest amateur equipment. ( a few superposed 20 - minute exposures with a 12 - inch telescope or so should produce an adequate image. ) but what will supernovae spectra look like especially shortly after the outburst begins as captured by small telescopes and low - resolution spectrographs? here ' s your field guide. to prepare it, we started with high - resolution, calibrated spectra supplied by alexei filippenko ( university of california, berkeley ). then, to simulate gavin ' s ccd results, we degraded the spectra to a resolution of 50 angstroms per pixel. finally, and with dramatic results, we changed the intensity along each spectrum to reflect variations in the unfiltered sensitivity of popular ccd chips the kaf - 0400 from kodak and the icx055bl from sony. thus, what you see here is what you will get! ( astrophotographers using panchromatic emulsions will record spectra that look much like the originals. )


life cycle approach to child and adolescent health add to your conference / group add your comments : insert youtube videos inside your slideworld presentation copy and paste the video url from youtube, choose where to insert the video, and press “ submit ”. the video will play in your slideshow after sometime. enter youtube video url enter slide no where you want to insert youtube videos on dec 18, 2011 says : its valuable content & greatful if you please can you make mor concern in psychological problems for these age group on apr 15, 2009 says : normal growth and development of adolescence post a comment post comment on twitter post comment on slideworld subscribe to follow - up comments slideworld will not store your password. slideworld will maintain your privacy. subscribe to follow - up comments, favourited this 1 years ago. slide 1 : life cycle approach to child and adolescent health eva kudlova charles university of prague slide 2 : overview health is indivisible, requiring holistic approaches throughout the individual ' s life. healthy outcome at one point in the life - cycle, provides a positive determinant for health elsewhere in the cycle. the presentation describes main environmental and socio - cultural challenges for each of the stages of child and adolescent life. both, prevention of ill health and care for illnesses are important at all times but the balance between them shifts over time during the childhood and adolescence. main actions necessary to meet the child and adolescent needs are described as well. slide 3 : slide 4 : life course approach healthy outcome at one point in the life - cycle, provides a positive determinant for health elsewhere in the cycle. what happens in pregnancy and the very early stages of childhood will have a profound impact on child and adolescent development. growth and development of young children enhances the possibilities for development during the school age period and in adolescence. this will be carried through into adulthood and old age. health and development of the 0 - 19 age group links intimately, at both ends of the range, with reproductive health. health during childhood is in part determined by the health of the mother, in turn affected by factors such as the nutrition of adolescent girls and the avoidance of early pregnancy. these factors, in turn, are influenced by healthy growth and development in childhood. an investment early on will result in a lifetime of economic, social and personal benefits. both, prevention of ill health and care for illnesses are important at all times but the balance between them shifts over time during the childhood and adolescence in relation to in risks encountered during the particular life - stage


social and gender norms all exert a considerable influence on lifestyle. over the past decades, many countries in the european region have experienced rapid socio - political change, economic hardship, increased insecurity, conflict and even war. the health - related behaviour of adolescents is a function of all these pressures. differences in the health experience of boys and girls are apparent in all countries due to : lower socioeconomic status of women in some settings, differences in biology, or to social behaviours and gender norms. slide 11 : nutrition a balanced diet that provides optimum nutrition, together with a clean water supply, are crucial to every stage of development from pre - conception through to later life. poor nutrition is associated with a reduced resistance to disease, impaired physical and psychological development, and infant morbidity and mortality. an inadequate diet can lead to deficiency disorders and / or contribute to civilization diseases. in recognition of the food ' s essential role in promoting and protecting health the european states endorsed the first action plan for food and nutrition policy. slide 12 : poverty poverty is a major determinant of health. inequities related to economic situation affect both physical and mental health. poor children grow up in less healthy environments and are more likely to suffer the effects of pollution. overcrowded housing is associated with a lack of safe areas for play. accidents and crime are more prevalent ; a poor diet and lack of physical activity are more likely. poverty places maternal and newborn health at risk and has a deleterious impact on mental health. relative poverty within countries may be even more important than absolute poverty. relative poverty is growing at a more rapid rate in europe and central asia than anywhere in the world. in some european countries as many as 26 % of children live in relative poverty. slide 13 : pregnancy a healthy start to life is essential. a woman ’ s health directly influences the health and development of her child. access to timely and responsive health services, including skilled birth attendants at the time of delivery, is essential. maternal mortality varies enormously across the european region, ranging from 6 per 100, 000 live births in switzerland to 41 per 100, 000 in some eastern countries. slide 14 : main risks of pregnancy slide 15 : main risks of pregnancy : unsafe abortions the starting point in the life - course of health and development is : every baby should be a wanted baby. unwanted pregnancies may lead to : unsafe abortions, child neglect, malnutrition, disease, and social problems. this implies effective contraceptive advice and availability as young people


tanya lee stone ’ s search — for photos and facts — has led her in surprising and rewarding directions. “ to me, visual storytelling is as important as the text, ” stone has said, and that is certainly true of courage has no color : the true story of the triple nickles : america ’ s first black paratroopers ( candlewick, jan. 2013 ). through text and images the author paints a fascinating portrait of the african americans who trained as part of the 555th parachute infantry battalion under first sergeant walter morris. seventeen of those 20 men came from the all - black 92nd infantry division, whose roots could be traced back to the buffalo soldiers of the revolutionary and civil wars. the author spoke to curriculum connections about her research, and the triple nickles ’ extraordinary legacy. what attracted you to this topic? did it have any relationship to your work on almost astronauts : 13 women who dared to dream ( candlewick, 2009 )? these stories are related in that they are both about extraordinary people, relatively unknown individuals, whose work paved the way for others. change happens slowly — and it ’ s often due to individuals such as these. we owe them tribute. when you begin a nonfiction work, do you have a sense of where you ’ re going, or do you let the research guide you? the research did guide me, as did feedback from marc aronson and hilary van dusen, who said, as they did with almost astronauts, “ this story is too big for a picture book. ” i tend to think cinematically, so i ’ m looking at the story through the points - of - view of the triple nickles ’ and [ their leader, first sergeant ] walter morris. what are the margins that inform those perspectives? that helps me shape my boundaries. unfortunately, it took almost 10 years to write the book! you interviewed morris, as well as a number of the women represented in almost astronauts. it ’ s amazing to think that these events didn ’ t transpire that long ago. it wasn ’ t that long ago. i think we have come a long way — and have a really long way to go. that ’ s why it ’ s important to highlight these stories. we can be proud of our achievements — and have them motivate us to do a whole lot more. your notes on your work on the identities of the triple nickles who did not graduate, and how you resolved inconsistencies discovered in your research, were fascinating. that was so thrilling [ figuring out


a small news article from science has been taped above my desk for the last few years. i don ’ t remember who originally gave it to me, or why i even hung it up, but there it is, nestled between a couple xkcd cartoons. the article is titled “ the wine divide ” and it raises many questions about sustainability, inherent biases in conventional wisdom, and what the term “ local ” means in a global economy. and it ’ s about wine. the basic premise of the article is that, in general, the carbon - cost of shipping wine by freight ( as in, on a truck ) is greater than the cost of shipping by cargo ( as in, on a boat ). in wine, transportation outweighs all other aspects of production and distribution, so using the cost of transport, two scientists calculated the cost of buying wine from napa valley or bordeaux, france if you live in new york. shipping a 750 - milliliter bottle from bordeaux to new york city emits 1. 8 kilograms of carbon, whereas trucking one from the napa valley emits 2. 6 kg. they also calculated a napa - bordeaux line, which determines which region ( napa valley or bordeaux ) has the lower carbon cost for where you live. in a thorough review of the life cycle of a bottle of wine, colman and paster presented some surprising insights into the real cost of transportation. among the most counter - intuitive results is how dramatic the differences among ships, trains, trucks, and airplanes really are. this is scaled by the total amount of cargo shipped, so while the actual amount of fuel burned may be greater, the amount of goods transported is even larger. these data challenge the conventional assumption the local is better. for many goods, distance is significantly less important than the method of delivery, at least when looking at the cost of transportation. for someone living on the east coast of the united states, wine from bordeaux, france is more sustainable than the relatively closer wine from napa valley, california. tyler, colman, & paster, pablo ( 2009 ). red, white, and ‘ green ’ : the cost of greenhouse gas emissions in the global wine trad journal of wine researc, 20 ( 1 ), 15 - 26


sentiment is false on every subject. yet what a tyrant it is over us all, woman especially, whose very life is to please, whose highest ambition is to be approved. but once outrage this tyrant, place yourself beyond his jurisdiction, taste the joy of free thought and action, and how powerless is his rule over you! his sceptre lies broken at your feet ; his very babblings of condemnation are sweet music in your ears ; his darkening frown is sunshine to your heart, for they tell of your triumph and his discomfort. think you, women thus educated would long remain the weak, dependent beings we now find them? by no means. depend upon it, they would soon settie for themselves this whole question of woman ' s rights. as educated capitalists and skilled laborers, they would not be long in finding their true level in political and social life. ( 3 ) elizabeth cady stanton, speech ( 20th february, 1894 ) the point i wish plainly to bring before you on this occasion is the individuality of each human soul - our protestant idea, the right of individual conscience and judgment - our republican idea, individual citizenship. in discussing the rights of woman, we are to consider, first, what belongs to her as an individual, in a world other own, the arbiter other own destiny, an imaginary robinson crusoe with her woman friday on a solitary island. her rights under such circumstances are to use all her faculties for her own safety and happiness. secondly, if we consider her as a citizen, as a member of a great nation, she must have the same rights as all other members, according to the fundamental principles of our government. thirdly, viewed as a woman, an equal factor in civilization, her rights and duties are still the same - individual happiness and development. fourthly, it is only the incidental relations of life, such as mother, wife, sister, daughter, which may involve some special duties and training. in the usual discussion in regard to woman ' s sphere, such men as herbert spencer, frederick harrison and grant alien uniformly subordinate her rights and duties as an individual, as a citizen, as a woman, to the necessities of these incidental relations, some of which a large class of women never assume. in discussing the sphere of man we do not decide his rights as an individual, as a citizen, as a man, by his duties as a father, a husband, a brother or a son, some of which he may never undertake. moreover he would be


unity & uniformity we often confuse unity with uniformity. in reality it is the spirit of unity which creates uniformity for the sake of its beauty and the protection it gives. throughout all ages both have existed : unity as the inner nature of every soul and the only purpose of life, and uniformity to help to fulfill that purpose. unity is the goal and uniformity the means to reach that goal, but often the means has obscured the purpose. all through the ages the different religions which have been given to man for his spiritual development with the sole idea of unity, have gradually become a kind of community or nationality. many people who belong to a church accept its dogmas, claim a certain name for their religion, and consider all other children of god as separate ; by doing so they lose the very seed of wisdom for whose development that religion was given. this error has existed from the beginning, so that instead of touching the true spirit, people have lost reality by seeking a false objective. religious differences have caused endless wars and disasters for the human race. the reason of this is that the spirit of unity has not been recognized, while undue regard has been paid to uniformity. in the present age, when the spirit of religion is at its lowest ebb and only the uniformity remains, divisions of classes and discords of all kinds spring up ; one party, one class against another, the spirit of rivalry, jealousy, and destruction everywhere. the effect of this has been to keep man away from the consciousness of god. very few indeed recognize him ; all humanity is labouring under a great unrest ; and yet man thinks he is progressing while all the time he only progresses towards still greater unrest. there can never be true progress when nations and kingdoms and peoples are divided ; for when the races are divided then subdivisions come, and classes and parties also become divided. the same spirit of destruction is at work all the time, and even families become separated. unity seems to be rooted out from the hearts of men. examples are not necessary ; those who will notice it can see this state of humanity, this condition of life, all over the world. when we seek a reason for this we find a right principle wrongly worked out. uniformity is not a fault, indeed it is a great virtue ; there is nothing wrong, for instance, in a uniform desire to help, to give service in time of need ; but when the god - ideal is removed then it remains as a body without a soul, a corpse, and in the end


virtue ; there is nothing wrong, for instance, in a uniform desire to help, to give service in time of need ; but when the god - ideal is removed then it remains as a body without a soul, a corpse, and in the end it decays and causes foulness. however alive and prosperous the world may seem, life belongs only to the living, and when the living being is forgotten it is like a light under a bushel. man becomes so absorbed in the pursuit of money that he becomes intoxicated and regardless of the harmony and happiness of others, and even of the harmony of his own being ; and then he causes destruction. we have only to think of the wars humanity has gone through, and of this latest horror, to see the truth. it all proves that progress is in the wrong direction, and that everywhere unity is lacking. the scriptures given to the jews, the muslims, parsis, hindus, buddhists, all have as their central truth the message of unity, but man has been so interested and absorbed in the poetry of these scriptures that he has forgotten their inner voice. if only we would recognize the inner voice, we would see that the different scriptures all contain words spoken by one and the same voice. some hear the voice, others only hear the words, just as in nature some see only the branches and others the roots of the tree ; but all these different scriptures and ways of worship and of contemplating god are given for one purpose : the realization of unity. in unity reside the happiness and illumination of man, and his guidance in life. we all know unity by name, but most of us think of it as uniformity. the vedanta for thousands of years in all its prayers and mantrams voiced this central theme : unity, the oneness of all. the qur ' an with all its warnings expresses in one essential sura the being of god : that not only in the unseen, but in all that is seen there is one underlying current ; and the bible says that we live and move and have our being in god. of all the millions of believers in god perhaps only one makes god a reality, and that is because the picture man makes of god is as limited as himself. the knowledge of god is beyond man ' s reason. man only perceives things he is capable of perceiving. he cannot raise his imagination above what he is used to, and he cannot reach beyond his imagination to where the being of god is. the secret of god is hidden in the knowledge


. man only perceives things he is capable of perceiving. he cannot raise his imagination above what he is used to, and he cannot reach beyond his imagination to where the being of god is. the secret of god is hidden in the knowledge of unity. man thinks, ' what can unity give me? can it bring me happiness? what is there in it? ' he can get the answer by observing and studying life more closely. see what an atmosphere the harmony of ten people can create ; the power of love and the influence created by ten people is much greater than that created by one. think then what would be the blessing for humanity if nations, races and communities were united! no doubt uniformity can teach the lesson of unity, but its purpose must not be for worldly gain ; then it is destructive. the wise in all ages have dived deep into life in order to attain unity in themselves, and in order to spread unity. in the life of the world every man has some complaint to make, he lacks something, he is troubled by something ; but this is only the external reason, the real truth is that he is not in unity with his own soul, for when there is disharmony in ourselves how can we spread harmony? when mind and body are at war the soul wants something else, and soul and mind are pulled by the body, or the body and mind by the soul ; and so there is disharmony. when a man is in harmony with himself, he is in harmony with all ; he produces harmony and gives harmony to all, he gives it out all the time. this is a question that can be answered by understanding our relationship with god. the innermost being of man is the real being of god ; man is always linked with god. if he could only realize it, it is by finding harmony in his own soul that he finds communion with god. all meditation and contemplation are taught with this purpose : to harmonize one ' s innermost being with god, so that he is seeing, hearing, thinking through us, and our being is a ray of his light ; in that way we are even closer to god than the fishes are to the ocean in which they have their being. it is mostly interest in worldly things that unites one man with another in order that they can make more profit. how great would be this power if man would unite in true brotherhood! as long as this teaching is hidden under a bushel the methods of uniformity cannot be beneficial


things that unites one man with another in order that they can make more profit. how great would be this power if man would unite in true brotherhood! as long as this teaching is hidden under a bushel the methods of uniformity cannot be beneficial ; they have no life. the world, in spite of any success it may seem to have today, is suffering from the wrong application of a right principle. true life cannot be ours until unity is achieved. it is the work of religion to promote the spirit of unity, in the knowledge and love of god to whom all devotion belongs. man often seeks for psychic, occult, and magnetic powers. this is not the purpose of religion ; these developments come of themselves. where there is life and love, there is magnetism ; love itself is the healing power and the remedy for all pain. all occult powers belong to the divine life, but man should live a natural life and realize the nature of god. the only studies which are worth accomplishing are those which lead to the realization of god, and of unity first with god and then with the self, and so with all. it is not necessary for us to be told that we have progressed ; we ourselves will know when our heart goes forward ; and by loving, forgiving, and serving, our whole life becomes one single vision of the sublime beauty of god.


type of surgery last updated : 02 / 17 / 2009 pallidotomy improves the motor ability of patients, especially during " off " periods. studies show the procedure generally improves tremor, rigidity, and slowed movements by 25a€ “ 60 %. dyskinesias typically improve by 75 % or more. improvements from unilateral... pallidotomy are primarily on the side opposite the surgery. balance does not improve, nor do non - motor symptoms such as drooling, constipation, and orthostatic hypotension ( lightheadness on standing ). pallidotomy is a procedure where a tiny electrical probe is placed in the globus pallidus ( one of the basal ganglia of the brain ), which is then heated to 80 degrees celsius for 60 s, to destroy a small area of brain cells. pallidotomy is used to treat dyskinesias in patients with parkinson ' s disease. on neurosurgery it is important to have new types of procedures, like stereotactic radiosurgery that is a newer type of focused radiation that has been used with some success for patients with metastatic brain tumors find a qualified specialist looking for a specialist? please enter your zip code.


imaging and radiology radiology is a branch of medicine that uses imaging technology to diagnose and treat disease. radiology may be divided into two different areas, diagnostic radiology and interventional radiology. the field of therapeutic radiology, which uses x - rays to treat cancer, is now called radiation oncology. doctors who specialize in radiology are called radiologists. interventional radiology ; diagnostic radiology ; x - ray imaging diagnostic radiology helps health care professionals see structures inside your body. using these images, the radiologist or other physicians can often : - diagnose the cause of your symptoms - monitor how well your body is responding to a treatment you are receiving for your disease or condition - screen for different illnesses, such as breast cancer or heart disease the most common types of diagnostic radiology include : - computed tomography ( ct ), also know as a cat scan ( computerized axial tomography ) - ct angiography - fluoroscopy with scanning, including upper gi and barium enema - magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) - magnetic resonance angiography ( mra ) - nuclear medicine, which includes such tests as a bone scan, thyroid scan, and thallium cardiac stress test - plain x - rays - positron emission tomography, also called pet imaging or a pet scan interventional radiology uses imaging to help guide the doctor when inserting catheters, wires, and other small instruments and tools into your body. doctors can use this technology to diagnose or treat conditions in almost any part of the body, instead of needing to directly look inside of your body through a scope ( camera ) or surgery. some of these conditions include cancers or tumors, blockages in your arteries and veins, fibroids in the uterus, back pain, gallstones and gallbladder problems, and thyroid disorders. the doctor will make no incision ( cut ) or only a very small one. you rarely need to stay in the hospital afterwards. most patients need either conscious sedation ( medicines to help you relax ) or spinal or epidural anesthesia. radiologists who perform these types of procedure receive 1 or 2 extra years of training after they have finished medical school and basic training in radiology. examples of interventional radiology procedures include : - angiography or angioplasty and stent placement - catheter embolization - vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty - needle biopsies of different organs, such as the lungs and


learning aspect is embedded in what children do, " santomero explained. " the older character needs their help with a problem. " the problems are relatively easy in the beginning of the show, she explained, with each one becoming a little bit harder. " by the third clue, we are sitting in a big thinking chair and have brought preschoolers through a 30 - minute show remembering clues. " alice wilder, ( ed. d. educational psychology, 1998 ), director of research and development for the show, agreed that the interactive nature of the show ' s design is key to learning. " they watch it and participate in it and ' the knowledge for themselves, " she explained. wilder was at teachers college working on her dissertation about the effectiveness of instructional programs for students with learning disabilities when santomero called and asked her to watch the pilot she had created with kessler and johnson. " when angela called me and showed me the pilot, i cried, " wilder said. " i saw so many of the things we had learned in school. i could see them becoming a reality in the show they had created. " santomero had other reasons for showing the pilot to wilder. " in order to do 20 episodes, i needed someone who was completely smart, who could understand the kids and the show, and bridge the gap between research and production, " she explained. " so i told her, need someone just like you. ' " wilder ' s background in working with producers and writers at children ' s television workshop enhanced her qualifications as a researcher for this project. wilder was also getting what she called " great research experience " at teachers college while working on her doctorate. she saw this as her opportunity to " take what i was learning about kids and apply it to the medium of television. " not only was it rare to have a research department as part of a production, but santomero came up with an idea to bring another unusual element to the show. " we want kids to master the concepts, " she said. " one way of doing that is to air the same show every day for a week. " according to what they were hearing from teachers, parents and grandparents, repetition is one of the most important strategies used in teaching children of this age group. " it was something different, and it was scary to present it to nickelodeon, " santomero confessed. " but they are big on research and they understood the power of hearing from our audience to create programming strategy. with blue ' s clues, we


a full and active life supported by caring relationships can reduce the occurrence of challenging behaviors in people with intellectual and / or developmental disabilities1. however, if such behaviors occur, people with intellectual and / or developmental disabilities and those who support them must have access to positive behavioral supports that focus on improved quality of life as well as reductions in the behaviors. people with intellectual and / or developmental disabilities need supportive and caring relationships in order to develop full and active lives. historically, people with intellectual and / or developmental disabilities across the age span have frequently been subjected to aversive procedures ( i. e., electric shock, cold water sprays and deprivations like withholding food or visitation with friends and family ) that may cause physical pain, discomfort and / or psychological harm. children and adults with intellectual and / or developmental disabilities are frequently subjected to physical restraint, including the use of life - threatening prone restraint and seclusion for long periods of time. research indicates that aversive procedures such as deprivation, physical restraint and seclusion do not reduce challenging behaviors, and in fact can inhibit the development of appropriate skills and behaviors. these practices are dangerous, dehumanizing, result in a loss of dignity, and are unacceptable in a civilized society. research - based positive behavioral supports should be readily available in natural settings including the family home. families, caregivers, educators, direct support personnel, and other professionals and paraprofessionals should be provided with training and support in implementing effective positive behavioral interventions and supports in all environments. behavioral supports should be individually designed and positive, emphasize learning, offer choice and social integration, be culturally appropriate, and include modifying environments as needed. the arc and aaidd are opposed to all aversive procedures, such as electric shock, deprivation, seclusion and isolation. interventions must not withhold essential food and drink, cause physical and / or psychological pain or result in humiliation or discomfort. physical restraints should only be used as a last resort to eliminate the danger of physical injury to self or others. the following factors should be considered in developing a positive behavioral intervention plan : - the circumstances and environment in which the behavior occurred ; - the perspectives of the individual, his or her family and their social / cultural background and values ; - the contributing factors, such as physical or medical conditions, social and environmental influences ; - the completeness and accuracy of any data which has been collected about the behavior ; - the nature, extent, and frequency of the perceived challenging behavior ; and - the function of the behavior, especially what


christmas lights powered by poop research at uc denver proves viability of waste as energy source last updated : 879 days ago a small lighted christmas tree in a uc denver laboratory proves the practicality of a novel renewable energy source, and points to its enormous potential. jason ren, an assistant professor of civil engineering, calls it " bug power " referring to the millions of bacteria that help generate electricity from wastewater. the process creates two desirable byproducts. " those bacteria are able to consume the waste and produce electricity as well as clean water, " ren said. bacteria in the microbial fuel cells essentially eat the waste and give off electrons in the process. those electrons are then captured by a graphite brush. also, ren recently discovered that salt water could be turned to fresh water as a third, simultaneous function. " electricity on one side, treating wastewater on the other side, while desalinating sea water in the middle, " ren said, pointing to a small three - chambered reactor. " i think it ' s pretty promising, " said jae - do park, an assistant professor of electrical engineering. he is working to make the electricity functional. " to harvest the energy from the fuel cell in the most efficient way, and at the same time to form that power from the fuel cell into a usable shape, " park said. the glowing led lights on the laboratory christmas tree are proof that it ' s possible to turn poop into power using bacteria. the microbial fuel cell research is gaining attention and from high places. the environmental protection agency and the u. s. navy have both provided grants to help advance the technology and its applications.


; so christ both gives and receives the spirit in diverse respects. as god, he gives and sends the spirit. the spiration and breathing of the spirit is from him as well as from the father, but as man he received the spirit. and this is the reason of it : next under the father, son, and holy ghost, christ the mediator, was to be the spring and original of all comfort and good. therefore, christ ' s nature must not only be sanctified and ordained by the spirit ; but he must receive the spirit to enrich it, for whatsoever is wrought in the creature is by the spirit. whatsoever christ did as man, he did by the spirit. christ ' s human nature, therefore, must be sanctified, and have the spirit put upon it. god the father, the first person in trinity, and god the son, the second, they work not immediately, but by the holy ghost, the third person. therefore, whatsoever is wrought upon the creature, it comes from the holy ghost immediately. so christ received the holy ghost as sent from the father and the son. now as the holy spirit is from the father and the son, so he works from the father and the son. he sanctifies and purifieth, and does all from the father and the son, and knits us to the father and the son ; to the son first, and then to the father. therefore it is said, ' the grace of our lord jesus christ, the love of god the father, and the communion of the holy ghost, ' 2 cor. 13 : 14 ; because all the communion we have with god is by the holy ghost. all the communion that christ as man had with god was by the holy ghost ; and all the communion that god has with us, and we with god, is by the holy ghost : for the spirit is the bond of union between christ and us, and between god and us. god communicates himself to us by his spirit, and we communicate with god by his spirit. god does all in us by his spirit, and we do all back again to god by the spirit. because christ, as a head, as the second adam, was to be the root of all that are saved, as the first adam was the root of all that are damned, he was therefore to receive the spirit, and to have it put upon him in a more excellent and rich manner : for we must know that all things are first in christ,


these are my skewness notes for s1 which explain the coefficient of skewness at the bottom. in a symmetrical distribution mean = median = mode and q2 – q1 = q3 – q2. a positive skew distribution has a tail to the positive side, mean > median > mode and q2 – q1 < q3 – q2. a negative skew distribution has a tail to the negative side, mean < median < mode and q2 – q1 > q3 – q2. skewness can be given quantity as well as direction by using ( 3 ( mean - median ) ) / ( standard deviation ). to compare the relative dispersion between data sets the coefficient of variation is used, it is given by v = 100σ / μ = 100s / x and as a percentage. when data is skewed the median and the interquartile range are used as measures of location and dispersion as they are not affected by extreme values. the dispersion of a set of data is therefore measured by the quartile coefficient of variation which is given by qv = ( 50 ( q _ 3 - q _ 1 ) ) / q _ 2. x is mean of x and q _ 3 is the upper quartile mark, if the notation wasnt that clear last edited by abbii ; 18 - 04 - 2010 at 21 : 29. last edited by. acs. ; 18 - 04 - 2010 at 21 : 35. reason : decided to add latex


over 8, 000 websites created by students around the world who have participated in a thinkquest competition. compete | faq | contact us troy : myth and reality the entry on troy describes one of the most fascinating episodes in the unclearly defined border line between legend and reality. for many years homer ’ s iliad was seen as a nice story of greek gods and heros, but nothing that bore any resemblance with reality. in the 19th century achaeologists started trying to find out if there was really any discernible background to the legend. especially heinrich schliemann was one of the best known characters to work on this topic, although frank calvert was the first one to research the legend ’ s location and excavated small parts of level vi of ancient troy, thus starting to prove that there was a real background. the photos show a lot of information that the researchers saw on their way in proving the real existence of troy. the user gets information on the legend and the archaeology of troy, a virtual walk into troy, a teacher ’ s section with a lot of links and activies, an interactive quiz and information about the team. the entry can be used in english as well as in german. 2001 achievement award juliegalesburg high school, galesburg, il, united states torstenmariengymnasium jever, friedeburg, germany danielmariengymnasium jever, jever, germany 19 & under martin maeckenmariengymnasium, jever, germany history & government > ancient civilizations & archaeology > ancient greece books & literature


twenty - five days. that ' s how long it took dr. shinya yamanaka of kyoto university to undo more than 30 years of exquisitely programmed biology packed into a woman ' s cheek cell and just maybe change the world. in a procedure that some scientists thought could take decades to discover, yamanaka tricked the cheek cell into acting like an embryonic stem cell capable of dividing, developing and maturing into any of the body ' s more than 200 different cell types. and he wasn ' t alone : on the same day that he published his milestone in the journal cell, james thomson, a pioneering university of wisconsin molecular biologist, reported similar success in science. their papers cap a year of remarkable research, in which scientists have surged ahead of ethicists and politicians in finding ever more clever ways to generate stem cells. but where other breakthroughs relied on using cells from living embryos tiny bits of inchoate life, fraught with ethical issues the work by yamanaka and thomson sidesteps that abyss by nursing adult cells into a state in which their cellular destiny is yet to be fulfilled. no embryos, no eggs, no hand - wringing over where the cells come from and whether it is ethical to make them in the first place. stem cells generated by this method are ideal not just because they are free of political and moral baggage. they can also be coaxed into becoming any type of tissue, and then be transplanted back into the donor with little risk of rejection. still, these cells are far from ready for medical use. the viruses used to ferry the genes that manipulate the cells can introduce genetic mutations and cancer. and with myriad ways to reprogram a cell, sorting out the best ones will take time meaning that stem cells from embryos will remain useful ( and controversial ) for a while. both yamanaka and thomson admit that we still know too little about how the process works to exploit the method ' s full potential. nevertheless, their discovery has moved stem - cell research back to an embryonic state of its own in which anything, it seems, is possible.


answer : even better! a lot of ag research stations have investigated the application of chemicals through irrigation systems. typically they find that fertigation provides the following advantages compared to ground application : question : what about chemicals other than fertilizers? answer : most of the above advantages extend to pesticide injection. in addition, researchers report : question : how does all this fit together with some of the newer irrigation technologies? answer : two technological advances offer us examples of the perfect fit between injectors and irrigation systems : low energy precision application ( lepa ) heads make pivots even more effective as application devices. lepa heads are usually arranged to deliver water beneath the crop foliage canopy. several lepa head designs have multiple operating modes including the capability to convert between down - spray and up - spray. this feature further improves the flexibility of chemical application by center pivots. sub - surface drip irrigation is a technology that couldn ' t exist without injectors. all crop nutrients are delivered directly to the plant roots through the irrigation lines while the search continues for new systemic pesticides that are well - suited for root uptake. chemicals must also be injected to keep irrigation lines free of slime that would plug the drip emitters. this article is reprinted from chemindustrial systems, inc. ; csi info / update # 8 oct 21, 1994


“ redefining a word isn ' t always the same as giving it a new meaning. sometimes you ' re just trying to pare it down to the core concept that people missed the first time around. dictionary definitions of " camera " used to mention film and plates ; now they just refer to a photosensitive surface. but the meaning of " camera " isn ' t different ; it ' s just that now technology lets us see what its essence has been all along. ” — geoff nunberg on how dictionaries are even grappling with getting ‘ marriage ’ right “ equality, ” “ prejudice, ” “ race ” itself — how can you have mid - nineteenth - century characters use words like those without anachronistically evoking the connotations they have for us? to many of lincoln ’ s contemporaries and even his allies, “ equality ” still evoked alarming echoes of the french revolution. to speak of “ race equality ” implied not just that people should all be treated alike, but that the races really were morally and intellectually equivalent. that was an extreme and dubious proposition to all but a few radical republicans, like thaddeus stevens. ” — geoff nunberg on how connotations have changed since the 19th century and how those connotations are alluded to in tony kushner ’ s screen adaptation of lincoln. ' occupy ' : geoff nunberg ' s 2011 word of the yeargeoff nunberg ‘ occupy ’ : geoff nunberg ’ s 2011 word of the year ( via npr )


hb electrophoresis ; hgb electrophoresis ; electrophoresis - hemoglobin hemoglobin electrophoresis is a test that measures the different types of the oxygen - carrying protein ( hemoglobin ) in the blood. blood is typically drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. the site is cleaned with germ - killing medicine ( antiseptic ). the health care provider wraps an elastic band around the upper arm to apply pressure to the area and make the vein swell with blood. next, the health care provider gently inserts a needle into the vein. the blood collects into an airtight vial or tube attached to the needle. the elastic band is removed from your arm. once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding. in infants or young children, a sharp tool called a lancet may be used to puncture the skin and make it bleed. the blood collects into a small glass tube called a pipette, or onto a slide or test strip. a bandage may be placed over the area if there is any bleeding. no special preparation is necessary for this test. when the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. afterward, there may be some throbbing. you may have this test if your health care provider suspects that you have a disorder caused by abnormal forms of hemoglobin ( hemoglobinopathy ). many different types of hemoglobin ( hb ) exist. the most common ones are hba, hba2, hbf, hbs, hbc, hb h, and hb m. healthy adults only have significant levels of hba and hba2. some people may also have small amounts of hbf ( which is the main type of hemoglobin in an unborn baby ' s body ). certain diseases are associated with high hbf levels ( when hbf is more than 2 % of the total hemoglobin ). hbs is an abnormal form of hemoglobin associated with sickle cell anemia. in people with this condition, the red blood cells sometimes have a crescent or sickle shape. the cells easily break down, or can block small blood vessels. hbc is an abnormal form of hemoglobin associated with hemolytic anemia. the symptoms are much milder than they


cells sometimes have a crescent or sickle shape. the cells easily break down, or can block small blood vessels. hbc is an abnormal form of hemoglobin associated with hemolytic anemia. the symptoms are much milder than they are in sickle cell anemia. other, less common, abnormal hb molecules cause anemias. in adults, these hemoglobin molecules make up the following percentages of total hemoglobin : in infants and children, these hemoglobin molecules make up the following percentages of total hemoglobin : note : normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results. the examples above show the common measurements for results for these tests. some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens. the presence of significant levels of abnormal hemoglobins may indicate : there is very little risk involved with having your blood taken. veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. taking blood from some people may be more difficult than from others. other risks associated with having blood drawn are slight but may include : you may have false normal or abnormal results if you ' ve had a blood transfusion within the previous 12 weeks. nagel r. methemoglobinemias and unstable hemoglobins. in : goldman l, ausiello d, eds. cecil medicine. 23rd ed. philadelphia, pa : saunders elsevier ; 2007 : chap 168. steinberg m. sickle cell disease and associated hemoglobinopathies. in : goldman l, ausiello d, eds. cecil medicine. 23rd ed. philadelphia, pa : saunders elsevier ; 2007 : chap 167. © 2011 university of maryland medical center ( ummc ). all rights reserved. ummc is a member of the university of maryland medical system, 22 s. greene street, baltimore, md 21201. tdd : 1 - 800 - 735 - 2258 or 1. 866. 408. 6885


supporting early childhood education : basf ’ s “ action on education ” campaign as part of the “ action on education ” campaign, basf aktiengesellschaft is supporting seven projects aimed at boosting early childhood education in daycare centers. the projects are being organized and carried out by organizations that operate daycare centers in ludwigshafen – the city of ludwigshafen and germany ’ s two main churches. ludwigshafen ’ s 89 daycare centers are taking part in the projects together. an academic research group will provide ongoing support and post - project evaluation for the projects, which are intended to be sustainable and to continue after the project phase is over. the projects address topics that are an integral part of the educational guidelines laid down for daycare centers by the state of rhineland - palatinate. 1. project “ language makes you strong! language bridge daycare centers ” language is the key to successful education and integration, which is why this project aims to improve the development of language skills among children from diverse social and cultural backgrounds. promoting language skills in small groups and in everyday classroom situations helps in the following way : using small groups, trained staff use games to systematically teach children with poor language skills a specific number of new words, e. g., “ clothes ” or “ parts of the body. ” to consolidate the new vocabulary, each topic is again dealt with in the entire group and in other ways ( for example, by naming the different items of clothes when getting dressed ). parents are children ’ s most important language partners. once a week, parents who come from other countries or families with educational problems go to the daycare center with their children. they learn in game form how to encourage the use of language using play and get tips on what to do at home. 2. project “ pure nature ” this project helps daycare centers to teach children about nature. the idea is to give children a wide variety of ways of learning about nature so that they develop a relationship with nature and the natural world, and experience and understand its relationship with other things. for this reason, an important part of the project is building natural play areas for the centers. examples include model outdoor play areas, such as building small hillocks, climbing opportunities or making little streams. 3. project “ from small to smart ” the aim of this project is to encourage children to be curious about scientific phenomena and to help them learn how to express and think about their experiences. age - appropriate, hands - on experiments help to encourage their interest in chemistry, math and physics


smart ” the aim of this project is to encourage children to be curious about scientific phenomena and to help them learn how to express and think about their experiences. age - appropriate, hands - on experiments help to encourage their interest in chemistry, math and physics. specially equipped educational workshops in each of the participating daycare centers also encourage the children to learn more easily. in small groups, the children find out what happens, for example, when they mix paints, what substances dissolve in water or discover “ hidden ” air. using materials found in every household, the children are able to make surprising experiences. 4. storytelling workshop listening to stories from different cultures doesn ’ t just fascinate children, it also helps them to better understand their own and other cultures. this project uses storytelling as an educational tool : children learn to listen and become storytellers themselves, while at the same time coming face to face with stories from other cultures and traditions. 5. project “ from piccolo to picasso ” helping to develop creative skills in children is the aim of this project, which boosts the esthetic and artistic element of the centers ’ curriculum. children are given the opportunity – based on their teachers ’ suggestions – to express themselves using colors, shapes and experimental designs. artists are also invited to come and work with the children. all the participating centers have set up “ children ’ s studios ” – their size depends on the available space – where the children can draw, paint or make things. 6. project “ guaranty for quality ” this project introduces quality assurance into daycare centers with respect to processes, structures and results. staff at the centers are trained to monitor and improve the quality of their own work on an ongoing basis. every year, each center chooses specific areas from a list of defined, quality - relevant subjects that they want to focus on and implement, for example integrating parents into the work of the centers. 7. project “ observation and educational partnership ” this project intends to assist center staff in developing their observational skills : the idea is to be more aware of children ’ s individuality so that they can be given greater personal support. center staff are trained to systematically observe children ’ s development, their strengths and needs and to document these observations for each child. the training also teaches staff how to talk to parents with the aim of persuading them to work more closely with the centers in the interests of the children. back to top


for nearly half - a - century, molecular biologists have sought to solve the mystery of how proteins are synthesized and the intricacies of ribosomes — the small particles in cells on which proteins are synthesized. two ucla molecular biologists propose a solution in the march 21 issue of the journal nature. the scientists — james a. lake, ucla professor of molecular, cell and developmental biology, and ucla graduate student anne b. simonson — show how the “ factory of life ” works. “ the ribosome is like a computer - driven protein factory that has been cloaked in secrecy, ” lake said. “ we knew the shape of the factory, and we could see the trucks going in, but we couldn ’ t peer beyond the factory gate. we knew the names of the employees, but we didn ’ t know what they did. now we have a hypothesis of how the employees move in and out of different rooms to get their work done, and even what they have for lunch. our hypothesis of how protein synthesis works may be refined, but we are confident that the central parts are correct. “ proteins are the workhorses of the cell, the molecules that make us what we are, and every protein in our body is made on a ribosome, ” lake said. “ ribosomes are central to life, and are in every living organism, from the smallest bacteria to humans. ” why is it important to understand how ribosomes make proteins? each of our cells has more than 100, 000 ribosomes, and solving what lake calls “ the puzzle of life ” requires a much greater understanding of the ribosome ’ s role in protein synthesis than the broad outlines scientists have had until now. in addition, the research could lead to new antibiotics, and insights into how genes are regulated, which could lead to new treatments for a variety of diseases, lake said. in molecular biology, translation is the process that turns genes into proteins — the “ molecules of life. ” scientists have not understood how this critical process works, but have known that it has three phases : initiation, elongation and termination, of which elongation is the key. a number of antibiotics work at the translation level. “ elongation is the heart of protein synthesis, ” lake said, the phase in which the ribosome adds amino acids, sometimes hundreds of them. in their nature paper, lake and simonson explain the molecular details of elongation, including the location and movement of more than 10, 000 atoms


lake said, the phase in which the ribosome adds amino acids, sometimes hundreds of them. in their nature paper, lake and simonson explain the molecular details of elongation, including the location and movement of more than 10, 000 atoms. in addition, they have located a novel binding site for transfer rna ( trna ) when it enters the ribosome. “ genes are being turned on and turned off, and transcribed and translated constantly in our cells, ” simonson said. “ learning the mechanisms of how this works is key. ” with the new knowledge, it may become possible to make modifications in parts of the translation process to suppress lethal mutations and design new proteins to counteract the defects that cause numerous diseases, lake said. if the ribosome is a factory, then the workers in the hard hats include trna and ef - tu, a ubiquitous protein molecule that is like a large motor transporting trnas and amino acids. simonson and lake have learned how they move and function. “ ef - tu moves to exactly where it needs to go to transport the trna to where it needs to be so the amino acids are close enough together to be added to the end of a growing protein chain, ” lake said. “ the structure led us. the ribosome ’ s structure was telling us, ‘ it can ’ t move like that, it doesn ’ t fit there, you have to turn it this way. ’ all the times we would make mistakes, the ribosome would correct us. ” “ the most exciting moment for me occurred late one night when we saw the initial binding site for trna before it turns, ” simonson said. “ the structure of the ribosome dictated how it fit in. we looked at each other and said, ‘ wow! that ’ s amazing. ’ ” the research, which involved sophisticated computer simulation, was federally funded by grants from the national science foundation, the national institutes of health, the department of energy and the astrobiology institute.


the first census to report on how well people were housed was that of 1891, but the only statistics gathered were on the number of rooms and the number of people in each household. from 1951 onwards, more questions were asked about ' amenities ', meaning specific facilities that households either possessed or had shared access to. one interesting measure of progress is the change in the amenities covered by the census. in 1951, these were piped water, a cooking stove, a kitchen sink, a ' water closet ' meaning a flush toilet, and a ' fixed bath ', as distinct from a tin bath hung on the wall between uses. in 2001, the list of key amenities was shorter : central heating, and ' sole use of bath / shower and toilet '. differences in what information was recorded by each census complicate comparisons over time, and none of our three measures are entirely consistent. our detailed statistics are held in structures called ncubes, which you can think of as tables with one dimension, or with two... or with twenty. their dimensions are defined by the variables each ncube combines, and each variable is made up of categories. these ncubes are available at national level for this theme : | available ncubes | | period covered | | variables ( number of categories ) | total households | | 1931 to 2001 | | | housing density, redistricted | | 1931 to 2001 | | persons per room | housing amenity, redistricted | | 1951 to 2001 | | housing amenities, simplified


new from webteacher software and partners, googlemapbuilder. com an easy interface to turn any spreadsheet into a google map webteacher software now offers i teach computer classes for a living to corporate clients of all levels. after 2 years of teaching, i have learned a lot about communication between people of various levels of computer experience. this tutorial assumes that you have no prior programming experience, but that you have created your own html pages. if you find this tutorial helpful, please let me know ( it ' s my only reward ). also, links are graciously accepted. actually, the 2 languages have almost nothing in common except for the name. although java is technically an interpreted programming language, it is coded in a similar fashion to c + +, with separate header and class files, compiled together prior to execution. it is powerful enough to write major applications and insert them in a web page as a special object called an " applet. " java has been generating a lot of excitment because of its unique ability to run the same program on ibm, mac, and unix computers. java is not considered an easy - to - use language for non - programmers. what is object oriented programming? oop is a programming technique ( note : not a language structure - you don ' t even need an object - oriented language to program in an object - oriented fashion ) designed to simplify complicated programming concepts. in essence, object - oriented programming revolves around the idea of user - and system - defined chunks of data, and controlled means of accessing and modifying those chunks. object - oriented programming consists of objects, methods and properties. an object is basically a black box which stores some information. it may have a way for you to read that information and a way for you to write to, or change, that information. it may also have other less obvious ways of interacting with the information. some of the information in the object may actually be directly accessible ; other information may require you to use a method to access it - perhaps because the way the information is stored internally is of no use to you, or because only certain things can be written into that information space and the object needs to check that you ' re not going outside those limits. the directly accessible bits of information in the object are its properties. the difference between data accessed via properties and data accessed via methods is that with properties, you see exactly what you ' re doing to the object ; with methods, unless you created the object yourself, you just see


information in the object are its properties. the difference between data accessed via properties and data accessed via methods is that with properties, you see exactly what you ' re doing to the object ; with methods, unless you created the object yourself, you just see the effects of what you ' re doing. objects and properties your web page document is an object. any table, form, button, image, or link on your page is also an object. each object has certain properties ( information about the object ). for example, the background color of your document is written document. bgcolor. you would change the color of your page to red by writing the line : document. bgcolor = " red " the contents ( or value ) of a textbox named " password " in a form named " entryform " is document. entryform. password. value. most objects have a certain collection of things that they can do. different objects can do different things, just as a door can open and close, while a light can turn on and off. a new document is opened with the method document. open ( ) you can write " hello world " into a document by typing document. write ( " hello world " ). open ( ) and write ( ) are both methods of the object : document.


shop men ' s categories layering for comfort and safety protection from bright light and uv radiation sunglasses protect the eyes from the sun ' s damaging uv radiation, and improve visibility and comfort on the water by reducing light intensity and filtering out glare. on the water, the combination of direct and reflected light is much brighter than on land. unfiltered glare, the light reflected off flat surfaces like water, windshields, bright white decks and sails, is so intense that it impairs vision ( a clear safety hazard ). glare causes squinting, fatigues the eyes, and can result in visual discomfort and headaches. glare is present even on hazy days. most sunglasses reduce light intensity by 80 - 90 percent with darkening gray, green, amber, or other colored lens. colored lenses alone are not enough protection for marine conditions. to filter out intense glare and prevent squinting, sunglasses for boating should be polarized. and they should be coated to block 99 - 100 percent of the damaging uva and uvb ( ultraviolet ) rays that can reduce visual acuity at night, and cause degenerative eye diseases like photokeratitis, snow blindness, cataracts, pterygium, and various forms of eye cancer. sunglasses should also be shatterproof to protect the eyes from injury in the event of sudden impact. when light rays reflect off a surface, the reflected rays concentrate in one plane and are said to be polarized. reflected glare is an example of polarized light. even on overcast days, the high – intensity light we call glare can be harsh and overwhelming to your eyes. it blinds you and masks what ' s behind it. squinting blocks out some of the light, but not the glare. ordinary sunglasses can reduce the total amount of light reaching your eyes but, like squinting, they don ' t eliminate the glare. a polarized lens filters out the glare by blocking all polarized light waves except those traveling in a specific orientation. a polarized lens blocks horizontally polarized light with a polarizing film of molecules running in parallel vertical chains sandwiched between two optical lenses. these vertical chains block horizontal light waves, allowing only vertical light waves to pass through. vertical light waves, commonly called " ambient light, " are scattered evenly and don ' t produce glare. you can tell if a lens is polarized by rotating the glasses ( or tilting your head when you are wearing them ). you will find that they reduce glare better in some positions than others. by blocking out only the polarized glare, the intensity of