excessive " freedom, police control of the population. the profound causes of the crisis are on the spiritual level ; therefore its solution requires a colossal effort of the spiritual strength of the nation. doubtless at the root of the crisis there is a wrong understanding of freedom. the error extends in two directions. those who wish to limit freedom forget that the limitation of freedom has no end - - how can we know when to stop, how can we make certain that the limitation of freedoms will not lead to a police state and concentration camps for dissenters. those who lean in the other direction forget ( or do not want to remember ) that freedom without responsibility is not freedom but arbitrariness, anarchy, nihilism. those who struggle against the establishment do not think about the fact that " anti - system " can become a much more frightful system than the " establishment. " therefore the country is torn by the radicalism of two beliefs, both of which are intent on tearing the country apart. in addition to all this, and notwithstanding all the horrors that are so zealously described in our press, we must remember, first of all, the great majority represented by those whom the president has called the " silent majority. " these words are often repeated ironically, but they are a very good description of the mass of american people to which most of us belong and which, like a working horse, pulls the country out of moral, economic and political crises. secondly, among the young ( and sometimes not so young ) representatives of the " new culture " who give us such a fright and whom we are ready to bury in the mass grave of historical forgetfulness it is good to look for those who depart from " normal " american life for a number of reasons deserving our full attention. due to a lack of spiritual guidance as well as because of inbred american conformity, they often take the wrong road and perish ignominiously and uselessly. it is good to scrutinize the fundamental themes, the motivations, which drive these young people out of well - to - do homes, a successful life, practical materialism. close analysis inevitably leads us to the fact that youth is repulsed by complacent satisfaction with american well - being, by the false sense of security, by the exaggerated individualism that pushes people into loneliness and isolation, by the rationalization of even religious experience, by social injustice. these are negative themes. the positive ones are a desire for spiritual experience, for liberation from captivity to material values


security, by the exaggerated individualism that pushes people into loneliness and isolation, by the rationalization of even religious experience, by social injustice. these are negative themes. the positive ones are a desire for spiritual experience, for liberation from captivity to material values, a search for spiritual reality and mystical experience, for a sacramental justification of life in all its details - - love, sex, friendship, race, and so on. there is a search for the realities of life and death, which were so long concealed by our " funeral home culture " and were so cruelly revealed by the conflict in vietnam. youth is only partially responsible for the uncontrolled spiritualistic experimentation which has brought and is bringing so many of them to a tragic end ; a great - - much greater - - responsibility lies on those who did not support, reveal, teach, be an example in time. we also bear responsibility, particularly because we - - our church - - have long possessed first - class answers to all these questions. what can we, as a church, as the heirs of a spiritual experience of many centuries, say to contemporary young america? even on the basis of our historical experience, on a purely negative plane, we can witness to the ease with which freedom can be lost. the trouble is that freedom, like good health, the comforts of life, or even hot water every day, is understood best when it is no longer available. we know very well what not - freedom is. what it is to be endangered when you think, to be in even greater danger when you speak, and to invite catastrophe when you set thoughts on paper. we know what it is to be unfree to believe, to pray, to go to church when you choose. what it is to be unfree to leave your country when you wish. what it is to be unfree to organize your life as you see fit. it is our holy duty to share our negative experience with all politically naive people, with all those who are easily caught in the net of the demonic propaganda of the other side, where man means nothing. where " the death of one man is a tragedy - - the death of ten thousand is a statistic, " in the words of one ideologist on the " other side. " this is not a political statement, for it concerns not only " political freedoms " but, first of all, the freedom of the spirit. this is witnessing to the real presence of the demonic in politics, in history, in sociology, of demonism


the term “ heart failure ” can be very alarming. while it does not mean the heart has “ failed ” or stopped working, it is a serious condition. congestive heart failure ( chf ) means the heart does not pump as well as it should to meet the body ’ s oxygen demands, often due to heart diseases such as cardiomyopathy or cardiovascular disease. chf can result from either a reduced ability of the heart muscle to contract or from a mechanical problem that limits the ability of the heart ’ s chambers to fill with blood. when weakened, the heart is unable to keep up with the demands placed upon it ; blood returns to the heart faster than it can be pumped out so that it gets backed up or congested — hence the name of the disorder. chf occurs most frequently in those over age 60 and is the leading cause of hospitalization and death in that age group. in over 50 percent of cases, sudden death occurs due to a cardiac arrhythmia, or irregular heartbeat. unfortunately, antiarrhythmic medications may not be effective in controlling arrhythmias caused by chf. patients with chf can enjoy better health if they treat the underlying cause, if possible. for many patients the outlook is uncertain and depends on the extent of the disease and the patient ’ s response to therapy. however, in other cases, restricted salt intake and medication are used to ease the strain on the heart and to relieve symptoms. while chf is a serious health risk, it is possible for patients to live with chf and manage many symptoms effectively with proper treatment if they adhere to prescribed regimens. noncompliance with a doctor ’ s recommendations regarding diet or medication increases the risk that the disease will worsen. when to call an ambulance call an ambulance immediately if you experience severe breathlessness or crushing chest pain with or without nausea, vomiting, profuse sweating, weakness or intense feelings of dread. such symptoms may indicate a heart attack. - make an appointment with a doctor if you regularly experience fatigue and shortness of breath after mild physical activity. - call your doctor if you experience any of the following during treatment for congestive heart failure : fever, rapid or irregular heartbeat, wheezing, severe shortness of breath or any worsening of the other symptoms of congestive heart failure. congestive heart failure is a progressive process and should not be confused with a heart attack, which involves sudden tissue death of the heart muscle. although heart failure may occur suddenly in


may be given a portable ecg device, known as a holter monitor, to measure the heart ’ s electrical activity over a 24 - hour period. - exercise stress tests, also known as treadmill tests, help determine irregular heart rhythms during exercise. during this test, the heart ’ s electrical activity is monitored through small metal sensors applied to your skin while you exercise on a stationary bicycle or treadmill. - your doctor may order an echocardiogram to evaluate heart function. during this test, sound waves bounced off the heart are recorded and translated into images. the pictures can reveal abnormal heart size, shape and movement. echocardiography also can be used to calculate the ejection fraction, or volume of blood pumped out to the body when the heart contracts. - coronary angiography, or x - ray of the heart ’ s blood vessels, may be performed to evaluate pressures in the heart chambers and the pumping function. in this procedure, a tiny catheter is inserted into an artery of a leg or arm and threaded up into the coronary arteries. a contrast material is then injected from the end of the catheter into the coronary arteries, which provides a clear image of the blood vessels on x - ray. for more information about terms used in this section, please visit our heart and circulatory system glossary. the johns hopkins cardiomyopathy and heart failure practice, as described in the previous section, evaluates and manages patients with heart failure due to any cause. core components of treatment : - clinical care of patients with heart failure and following cardiac transplantation. - basic science, hemodynamic, genetic and clinical research pertaining to cardiomyopathy, heart failure and cardiac transplantation. - education directed at both patients and professionals regarding cardiomyopathy, heart failure and cardiac transplantation. - all facets of clinical care of patients with cardiomyopathy, heart failure or cardiac transplantation. - left ventricular assist devices. - novel research programs for patients with cardiomyopathy or heart failure. - endomyocardial biopsy. possible courses of treatment : - lifestyle changes such as reducing salt intake ( salt contributes to fluid retention and swelling ), eating smaller, more frequent meals ( less effort is required to digest smaller portions ) and avoiding caffeine ( which can exacerbate heartbeat irregularities ) may be helpful. - wearing support stockings can help reduce swelling in the legs. - most often, some type of medication is prescribed for heart failure patients. - va


london, dec mber 6 : a new has demonstrated for the first time that a simple breath test could be used for colorectal cancer screening. cancer tissue has different metabolism compared to normal healthy cells and produces some substances which can be detected in the breath of these patients. analysis of the volatile organic compounds ( vocs ) linked to cancer is a new frontier in cancer screening. led by donato f. altomare, md, of the department of emergency and organ transplantation at the university aldo moro of bari, researchers collected exhaled breath from 37 patients with colorectal cancer and 41 healthy controls which was processed offline to evaluate the voc profile. vocs of interest had been identified and selected, and voc patterns able to discriminate patients from controls set up. a probabilistic neural network ( pnn ) was used to identify the pattern of vocs that better discriminated between the two groups. results showed that patients with colorectal cancer have a different selective voc pattern compared with healthy controls, based on analysis of 15 of 58 specific compounds in exhaled breath samples. the pnn in this study was able to discriminate patients with colorectal cancer with an accuracy of over 75 percent, with the model correctly assigning 19 patients. “ the technique of breath sampling is very easy and non - invasive, although the method is still in the early phase of development, ” altomare notes. “ our study ’ s findings provide further support for the value of breath testing as a screening tool. ” the study has been published in bjs. ( ani )


recent medical advancements have made it seem possible that the fountain of youth is only a decade away from reality. but even if we could develop something that enables us to achieve immortality, should we? recently, morgan freeman asked a tantalizing question on sci fi ’ s popular show “ through the wormhole. ” it is a question that has baffled scientists, doctors, adventurers and philosophers since humans ’ earliest times. the question of " can we live forever " is beyond fascinating for many of us, and even if it were possible, is that a good thing and is it really " possible " according to the laws of physics? first though, one must consider the broader implications of such a scientific breakthrough that extends beyond the planet earth and even human beings. for example, if in the hypothetical sequence posed, eternal life actually became common, how does it escape most accepted theories of the universe, which explicably say the universe has a beginning and an end? furthermore, there seems to be two competeting theories on the universe and its beginning and demise. the almost collectively accepted theory of the “ big bang ” seems to satisfy a genesis for the universe, whereas its end is controversial. physicists differ on how the universe may end in what are called " the big rip " and " the big freeze " or " big crunch. " see, astronomers have discovered that other stars are moving away from our star, the sun, at a faster rate than light would seemingly allow. this presents a major problem for scientists, because it seemingly violates the laws of physics. but because the universe is filled with exotic things such as dark matter and dark energy, it is impossible to truly calculate why this phenomenon is happening. so let us assume that this dark energy is something that naturally occurred before the big bang, so therefore it does not violate any natural laws, and it explains the faster - than - light growth of the universe and it would give credence to " the big rip " theory. this means, all matter would rip apart, which includes " us, " regardless of how long you have lived. in the other scenario, the universe expands like a big fat balloon and then, presumably gravity, contracts the universe and bang, it crunches " us " all. so again, regardless of age, there seems to be no escape. but, some scientists have explained there are other dimensions that could, again in theory, connect us to other universes ’, which could hypothetically extend life. but until that is proven, it is a long


, there seems to be no escape. but, some scientists have explained there are other dimensions that could, again in theory, connect us to other universes ’, which could hypothetically extend life. but until that is proven, it is a long shot, and even if true, these other universes could be inhospitable to us. so why are we fascinated with living forever then, when if you look at the science, even if we prolong life, we will still " die " anyway? well, let us look at the recent fountain of youth advancements that may enable this philosophical paradox to even exist. currently, most data and scientists seem to conclude that the answer for longevity is in the dna. while some believe that singling out specific dna sequencing could help slow the aging process, others look to something called “ removing the garbage. ” essentially, this is based on the belief that proper cell division is hindered because too much “ garbage ” accumulates around the cells, causing them and us to advance more rapidly towards death. it seems that of all the data presented, a combination of gene therapy would be needed, because even if you slow the aging process or remove the dna sequence that makes death inevitable, we would just stay young longer and maybe not as active, or we would just live long but become old and handicapped. either of those two is not ideal, and only when combined is the fountain of youth humans desire accomplished. but again, the eventual death of the universe and the adverse societal impact it would have, makes the fountain of youth a scary proposition. if a sort of combined gene therapy were created that could keep us young and forever living, it would not only be groundbreaking, but dangerous. as we have witnessed with divisive debate over the recent health care bill that simply wanted to allow universal health care, a fountain of youth pill could create a massive war. who would be allowed to live forever? when we look at our current political climate, which even routine things such as raising the debt ceiling are impossible tasks, how could we ever develop a fair system based off of something so naturally intoxicating? well, i do not believe we could, so even if we could develop a form of therapy to allow eternal life, it is pointless for two specific reasons. for one, it still only prolongs the inevitable and it would probably cause the end of the world because something so good would allow people to believe it is ok to kill over, like we have done numerous times through out our history. so


depression ), alcoholism or some other form of substance abuse. by definition, in generalized anxiety disorder, the person has persistent worry or anxiety that lasts for at least six months. this worry or anxiety is excessive, troubling and hard to control, and it often interferes with a person ' s ability to function at home, at work or in social situations. to be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder, a person has to have at least three of the following symptoms : people with generalized anxiety disorder also may have a wide range of anxiety - related physical symptoms that may seem like symptoms of heart disease, respiratory illness, digestive diseases and other medical illnesses. you may consult a primary care doctor first if you suspect your physical symptoms are part of a medical illness. your doctor may do tests to check for medical problems. if the results are normal, your doctor may ask about your family history, your history of any mental distress, current anxieties, recent stresses, and daily use of prescription and nonprescription drugs. some drugs can cause anxiety symptoms. the doctor then may refer you to a psychiatrist for care. your psychiatrist will diagnose generalized anxiety disorder based on a full psychiatric evaluation that includes : the psychiatrist also may order diagnostic tests, if necessary, to check for a medical illness. these won ' t be needed if they already have been done by the doctor who referred you to the psychiatrist. symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder can last for many months, but the condition can last longer ( many years ) especially without treatment, with symptoms occurring over many years. since stress is a normal part of life, there is usually no way to prevent generalized anxiety disorder in someone who is vulnerable. however, once diagnosed, various treatments can effectively reduce symptoms. if you have generalized anxiety disorder, the most effective treatment is usually a combination of medications and psychotherapy. research shows that using both has a more lasting positive effect than either one alone. your doctor may also offer treatment for other conditions that may be making matters worse, such as a medical problem or depression. you may need to try more than one approach before you find the right one. many different kinds of medications can relieve anxiety. here are the most common categories prescribed : a number of psychotherapy techniques may be helpful. here are some examples : your therapist may combine any of the above approaches or may discuss others - - for example, meditation, hypnosis or exercise - - with you so that the approach fits your specific problems and needs. when to call a professional see your doctor if you are troubled


taqwa with their lord gardens of bliss " ; salvation from the fire because of his words " then we will save the ones who had taqwa ". there are ten things which awaken taqwa : fear of punishment in the next life ; fear [ of punishment in ] this life ; hope of worldly reward ; hope of the reward of the next world ; fear of the reckoning ; shyness and bashfulness before the gaze of allah, and this is the station of fearful watchfulness ( muraqabah ) ; showing gratitude for his blessings by obeying him ; knowledge, because of his words, " they only fear allah, of his slaves, the ones who have knowledge " ; exalting and honouring his majesty, and it is the station of awe ; sincerity in love because of the words of the one who said : " you disobey god while you make apparent that you love him, this, by my life, in analogy is a marvel. if your love were sincere you would obey him, truly, the lover towards the one he loves is obedient. " and to allah be attributed the good of the one who said : " she said, and she had asked about the state of her lover, ' for allah ' s sake, describe him and do not omit nor exceed! ' i said, ' if he had feared death from thirst, and you had said, " stop! don ' t approach the water! " then he would not have approached. ' " the third section there are five degrees of taqwa : that the slave should protect himself from kufr ( covering over the truth ), and that is the station of islam ; that he should protect himself from acts of disobedience and forbidden things, and it is the station of turning or repentance ( tawbah ) ; that he should protects himself from doubtful matters, and that is the station of caution or carefulness ( wara ' ) ; that he should protect himself from even those things that are permitted, and that is the station of doing without ( zuhd ) ; that he should protect himself from the presence of other than allah in his heart, and it is the presence of witnessing ( mushahadah ). that ends what ibn juzayy al - kalbi wrote on taqwa. edited by administrator


you have been there before. the best part of any professional development activity is the collaboration with other teachers. hearing the struggles and successes of others helps us to articulate our own ideas and spark new excitement in our own curriculum. we hope to strengthen the community of chemistry educators and provide a place for discussion and collaboration right here at this site. summer is one of my favorite times as a teacher! like most teachers i like to take a little time away from school, but, once i ' ve rested a bit, its my favorite time to do research as well. i encourage you to take time this summer to explore labs and activities that you think may work for your classroom, but just didn ' t have time to examine with your busy teaching schedule. call for symposia and workshops for the 23rd bcce at grand valley state university – greener on the grand : empowering chemical educators for a greener tomorrow, august 3 – 7, 2014 i ’ d like to report on one of the end - of - year research projects that two of my general chemistry students completed during class this year. if you ’ d like read more about these end - of year research projects in general, click here. wow! talk about an interesting idea! a very neat experiment, called “ hydroglyphics ”, has been published by philseok kim, jack alvarenga, joanna aizenberg and raymond sleeper in the journal of chemical education. i came across a simple, yet interesting experiment that was first described by elizabeth sumner walter in 2001. she merely had students pour water into a dish containing some gobstoppers candies. i showed this experiment to some of my college chemistry students while they were workin inquiry is a fluid concept. there are some truly fabulous activities on grand valley state university ' s target inquiry ( ti ) website ( www. gvsu. edu / targetinquiry ). yes, i am biased as i was part of the first ti cohort, but there are several labs now that were written later and they, too, are terrific.


. 5 million. the construction of a modern highway system has constricted the ability of the landscape to drain and recycle water. technological societies like israel and the united states have manipulated environments with determination but little understanding of the long - term impacts. lining riverbeds with concrete, as with the ayalon and throughout los angeles, gives the illusion of mastering nature. in average years, the consequences are mostly invisible ; the absence of thriving ecosystems is apparent, but not the failure of the aquifers to be recharged. then, the inevitable flooding causes surprise. when it comes to environmental issues, liberal democratic societies have been partially self - correcting. they periodically take steps, like dismantling dams in the pacific northwest and reflooding parts of the huleh basin, to ameliorate and undo negative conditions. arguably, however, israel ’ s environmental progress is slipping, a victim of both politics and economics. still, if israel and the united states have been environmentally overconfident and insensitive, other countries have been catastrophically cruel. the communist legacy of environmental destruction in russia, eastern europe, and china is nearly beyond description. soviet engineers reversed the flow of entire rivers and nearly emptied the entire aral sea, leaving a chemical - laden dustbowl. communist politics demanded that technology master and subjugate nature to demonstrate the wisdom and superiority of the party. zionists were never so absolute ; they were and, one hopes, are capable of learning to work with nature. the flooding in israel and elsewhere shows that nature will not be mastered. the response to the hundred - year storm or, worse, the earthquake and tsunami, can be planned up to a point — after which matters are in god ’ s hands. humans push the limits, ignoring, minimizing, or rationalizing risks as only they can. but flooded highways are gentle reminders that nature has its own reclamation project, which will triumph over ours. comments are closed for this article.


any wages. the jews were also reported, apparently, to be transferring businesses to german figureheads in order to alleviate the results of this persecution ; accordingly the committee declared that any property so transferred was to be considered as jewish for the purpose of the boycott ( 2154 - ps ). it is therefore clear that early in 1933 streicher was taking a leading part, as appointed by the government, in the persecution against the jews. further extracts from streicher ' s newspapers illustrate the form which his propaganda developed as the years went on. an article in the new year ' s issue of a new paper founded and edited by streicher - - a semimedical paper called " the people ' s health through blood and soil " - - is an example of the remarkable lengths to which he went in propagandizing against the " it is established for all eternity ; alien albumen is the sperm of a man of alien race. the male sperm in cohabitation is partially or completely absorbed by the female, and thus enters her bloodstream. one single cohabitation of a jew with an aryan woman is sufficient to poison her blood forever. together with the alien albumen she has absorbed the alien soul. never again will she be able to bear purely aryan children, even when married to an aryan. they will all be bastards, with a dual soul and a body of a mixed breed. their children will also be crossbreeds ; that means, ugly people of unsteady character and with a tendency to illnesses. now we know why the jew uses every artifice of seduction in order to ravish german girls at as early an age as possible ; why the jewish doctor rapes his patients while they were under anaesthetic. he wants the german girl and the german woman to absorb the alien sperm of the jew. she is never again to bear german children. but the blood products of all animals right down to the bacteria like the serum, lymph, extracts from internal organs etc., are all alien albumen. they have a poisonous effect if directly introduced into the blood stream either by vaccination or by injection. by these products of sick animals the blood is ravished, the aryan is impregnated with an alien species. the author and abettor of such action is the jew. he has been aware of the secrets of the race question for centuries, and therefore plans systematically the annihilation of the nations which are superior to him. science and authorities are his instruments for the


what may be the meaning of all this? ' she asked herself and her heart was pounding. and again she thought of the warning of her leader in the league of german girls. " inge was already waiting for an hour. again she takes the journals in an endeavor to read. then the door opens. inge looks up. the jew appears. she screams. in terror she drops the paper. horrified she jumps up. her eyes stare into the face of the jewish doctor. and this face is the face of the devil. in the middle of this devil ' s face is a huge crooked nose. behind the spectacles two criminal eyes. and the thick lips are grinning, a grinning that expresses : ' now i got you at last, you little " and then the jew approaches her. his fleshy fingers stretch out after her. but now inge has composed herself. before the jew can grab hold of her, she smacks the fat face of the jew doctor with her hand. one jump to the door. breathlessly inge runs down the stairs. breathlessly she escapes the jew house. " ( 1778 - ps ). another photograph shows youthful admirers standing around looking at streicher ' s picture, with the following " ' without a solution of the jewish question there will be no salvation for mankind. ' that is what he shouted to us. all of us could understand him. and when, at the end, he shouted ' sieg heil ' for the fuehrer, we all acclaimed him with tremendous enthusiasm. for two hours streicher spoke at that occasion. to us it appeared to have been but a few minutes. " the effect of all this propaganda is evident from the columns of " der stuermer " itself. in april 1936 there was published a letter, which is typical of many others that appear in other copies from children of all ages. the third paragraph of this letter, signed by the boys and girls of the national socialist youth hostel at grossmuellen, reads : " * * * today we saw a play on how the devil persuades - the jew to shoot a conscientious national socialist. in the course of the play the jew did it too. we all heard the shot. we would have all liked to jump up and arrest the jew. but then the policeman came and after a short struggle took the jew along. you can imagine, dear stuermer, that we heartily cheered the policeman. in the whole play not one name was mentioned,


simulink basics tutorial simulink is a graphical extension to matlab for modeling and simulation of systems. in simulink, systems are drawn on screen as block diagrams. many elements of block diagrams are available, such as transfer functions, summing junctions, etc., as well as virtual input and output devices such as function generators and oscilloscopes. simulink is integrated with matlab and data can be easily transfered between the programs. in these tutorials, we will apply simulink to the examples from the matlab tutorials to model the systems, build controllers, and simulate the systems. simulink is supported on unix, macintosh, and windows environments ; and is included in the student version of matlab for personal computers. for more information on simulink, contact the mathworks. the idea behind these tutorials is that you can view them in one window while running simulink in another window. system model files can be downloaded from the tutorials and opened in simulink. you will modify and extend these system while learning to use simulink for system modeling, control, and simulation. do not confuse the windows, icons, and menus in the tutorials for your actual simulink windows. most images in these tutorials are not live - they simply display what you should see in your own simulink windows. all simulink operations should be done in your simulink windows. simulink is started from the matlab command prompt by entering the following command : alternatively, you can hit the new simulink model button at the top of the matlab command window as shown below : when it starts, simulink brings up two windows. the first is the main simulink window, which appears as : the second window is a blank, untitled, model window. this is the window into which a new model can be drawn. in simulink, a model is a collection of blocks which, in general, represents a system. in addition, to drawing a model into a blank model window, previously saved model files can be loaded either from the file menu or from the matlab command prompt. as an example, download the following model file by clicking on the following link and saving the file in the directory you are running matlab from. open this file in simulink by entering the following command in the matlab command window. ( alternatively, you can load this file using the open option in the file menu in simulink,


in the directory you are running matlab from. open this file in simulink by entering the following command in the matlab command window. ( alternatively, you can load this file using the open option in the file menu in simulink, or by hitting ctrl + o in simulink. ) the following model window should appear. a new model can be created by selecting new from the file menu in any simulink window ( or by hitting ctrl + n ). there are two major classes of items in simulink : blocks and lines. blocks are used to generate, modify, combine, output, and display signals. lines are used to transfer signals from one block to another. there are several general classes of blocks : blocks have zero to several input terminals and zero to several output terminals. unused input terminals are indicated by a small open triangle. unused output terminals are indicated by a small triangular point. the block shown below has an unused input terminal on the left and an unused output terminal on the right. - sources : used to generate various signals - sinks : used to output or display signals - discrete : linear, discrete - time system elements ( transfer functions, state - space models, etc. ) - linear : linear, continuous - time system elements and connections ( summing junctions, gains, etc. ) - nonlinear : nonlinear operators ( arbitrary functions, saturation, delay, etc. ) - connections : multiplex, demultiplex, system macros, etc. lines transmit signals in the direction indicated by the arrow. lines must always transmit signals from the output terminal of one block to the input terminal of another block. on exception to this is a line can tap off of another line, splitting the signal to each of two destination blocks, as shown below ( click the figure to download the model file called split. mdl ). lines can never inject a signal into another line ; lines must be combined through the use of a block such as a summing junction. a signal can be either a scalar signal or a vector signal. for single - input, single - output systems, scalar signals are generally used. for multi - input, multi - output systems, vector signals are often used, consisting of two or more scalar signals. the lines used to transmit scalar and vector signals are identical. the type of signal carried by a line is determined by the blocks on either end of the the simple model ( from the model file section ) consists of three blocks : step, transfer fc


the lines used to transmit scalar and vector signals are identical. the type of signal carried by a line is determined by the blocks on either end of the the simple model ( from the model file section ) consists of three blocks : step, transfer fcn, and scope. the step is a source block from which a step input signal originates. this signal is transfered through the line in the direction indicated by the arrow to the transfer function linear block. the transfer function modifies its input signal and outputs a new signal on a line to the scope. the scope is a sink block used to display a signal much like an oscilloscope. there are many more types of blocks available in simulink, some of which will be discussed later. right now, we will examine just the three we have used in the simple model. a block can be modified by double - clicking on it. for example, if you double - click on the " transfer fcn " block in the simple model, you will see the following dialog box. this dialog box contains fields for the numerator and the denominator of the block ' s transfer function. by entering a vector containing the coefficients of the desired numerator or denominator polynomial, the desired transfer function can be entered. for example, to change the denominator to s ^ 2 + 2s + 1, enter the following into the denominator [ 1 2 1 ] and hit the close button, the model window will change to the which reflects the change in the denominator of the transfer function. the " step " block can also be double - clicked, bringing up the following the default parameters in this dialog box generate a step function occurring at time = 1 sec, from an initial level of zero to a level of 1. ( in other words, a unit step at t = 1 ). each of these parameters can be changed. close this dialog before continuing. the most complicated of these three blocks is the " scope " block. double clicking on this brings up a blank oscilloscope screen. when a simulation is performed, the signal which feeds into the scope will be displayed in this window. detailed operation of the scope will not be covered in this tutorial. the only function we will use is the autoscale button, which appears as a pair of binoculars in the upper portion of the window. to run a simulation, we will work with the following model file : download and open this file in simulink following the previous


field. close the dialog box. - double - click your gain block. change the gain to 2. 5 and close the dialog box. - double - click the leftmost transfer function block. change the numerator to [ 1 2 ] and the denominator to [ 1 0 ]. close the dialog - double - click the rightmost transfer function block. leave the numerator, but change the denominator to [ 1 2 4 ]. close the dialog box. your model should appear as : - change the name of the first transfer function block by clicking on the words " transfer fcn ". a box and an editing cursor will appear on the block ' s name as shown below. use the keyboard ( the mouse is also useful ) to delete the existing name and type in the new name, " pi controller ". click anywhere outside the name box to finish editing. - similarly, change the name of the second transfer function block from " transfer fcn1 " to " plant ". now, all the blocks are entered properly. your model should appear as : connecting blocks with lines now that the blocks are properly laid out, you will now connect them together. follow these steps. - drag the mouse from the output terminal of the step block to the upper ( positive ) input of the sum block. let go of the mouse button only when the mouse is right on the input terminal. do not worry about the path you follow while dragging, the line will route itself. you should see the following. the resulting line should have a filled arrowhead. if the arrowhead is open, as shown below, it means it is not connected to anything. you can continue the partial line you just drew by treating the open arrowhead as an output terminal and drawing just as before. alternatively, if you want to redraw the line, or if the line connected to the wrong terminal, you should delete the line and redraw it. to delete a line ( or any other object ), simply click on it to select it, and hit the delete key. - draw a line connecting the sum block output to the gain input. also draw a line from the gain to the pi controller, a line from the pi controller to the plant, and a line from the plant to the scope. you should now have the following. - the line remaining to be drawn is the feedback signal connecting the output of the plant to the negative input of the sum block. this line is


icmake part 2 icmake source files are written according to a well - defined syntax, closely resembling the syntax of the c programming language. this is no coincidence. since the c programming language is so central in the unix operating system, we assumed that many people using the unix operating system are familiar with this language. providing a new tool which is founded on this familiar programming language relieves everybody of the burden of learning yet another dialect, thus simplifying the use of the new system and allowing its new users to concentrate on its possibilities rather than on its grammatical form. considering icmake ' s specific function, we have incorporated a lot of familiar constructs from c into icmake : most c operators were implemented in icmake, as were some of the standard c runtime functions. in this respect icmake ' s grammar is a subset of the c programming language. however, we have taken the liberty of defining two datatypes not normally found in c. there is a datatype ` string ' ( yes, its variables contain strings ) and a datatype ` list ', containing lists of strings. we believe these extensions to the c programming language are so minor that just this paragraph would probably suffice for their definition. however, they will be described in somewhat greater detail in the following sections. also, some elements of c + + are found in icmake ' s grammar : some icmake - functions have been overloaded ; they do different but comparable tasks depending on the types of arguments they are called with. again, we believe this to be a minor departure from the ` pure c ' grammar, and think this practice is very much in line with c + + ' s philosophy. one of the tasks of the preprocessor is to strip the makefile of comment. icmake recognizes two types of comment : standard c - like comment and end - of - line comment, which is also recognized by the gnu c compiler and by microsoft ' s c compiler. standard comment must be preceded by / * and must be closed by * /. this type of comment may stretch over more than one line. end - of - line comment is preceded by / / and ends when a new line starts. lines which start with #! are skipped by the preprocessor. this feature is included to allow the use of executable makefiles. apart from the #! directive, icmake recognizes two more preprocessor directives : # include and # define.


skipped by the preprocessor. this feature is included to allow the use of executable makefiles. apart from the #! directive, icmake recognizes two more preprocessor directives : # include and # define. all preprocessor directives start with a ` # ' - character which must be located at the first column of a line in the makefile. the # include directive must obey the following syntax : when the preprocessor icm - pp encounters this directive, ` filename ' is read. the filename may include a path specification. when the filename is surrounded by double quotes, icm - pp attempts to access this file exactly as stated. when the filename is enclosed by < and >, icm - pp attempts to access this file relative to the directory pointed to by the environment variable im. using the # include directive, large icmake scripts may be modularized, or a set of standard icmake source scripts may be used to realize a particular icmake script. the # define directive is a means of incorporating constants in a makefile. the directive follows the following syntax : # define identifier redefinition - of - identifier the defined name ( the name of the defined constant ) must be an identifier according to the c programming language : the first character must be an underscore or a character of the alphabet ; subsequent characters may be underscores or alphanumerics. the redefinition part of the # define directive consists of spaces, numbers, or whatever is appropriate. the preprocessor simply replaces all occurrences of the defined constant following the # define directive by the redefinition part. note that redefinition ' s are not further expanded ; an already defined name which occurs in the redefinition part is not processed but is left as - is. also note that icm - pp considers the redefinition part to be all characters found on a line beyond the defined constant. this would also include comment, if found on the line. consequently, it is normally not a good idea to use comment - to - end - of - line on lines containing # define directives. | non - linux foss : libnotify, os x style | | jun 18, 2013 | | containers — not virtual machines — are the future cloud | | jun 17, 2013 | | lock - free multi - producer multi - consumer queue on ring buffer


foss : libnotify, os x style | | jun 18, 2013 | | containers — not virtual machines — are the future cloud | | jun 17, 2013 | | lock - free multi - producer multi - consumer queue on ring buffer | | jun 12, 2013 | | weechat, irssi ' s little brother | | jun 11, 2013 | | one tail just isn ' t enough | | jun 07, 2013 | | introduction to mapreduce with hadoop on linux | | jun 05, 2013 | - containers — not virtual machines — are the future cloud - non - linux foss : libnotify, os x style - linux systems administrator - validate an e - mail address with php, the right way - lock - free multi - producer multi - consumer queue on ring buffer - senior perl developer - technical support rep - ux designer - rss feeds - introduction to mapreduce with hadoop on linux free webinar : hadoop how to build an optimal hadoop cluster to store and maintain unlimited amounts of data using microservers realizing the promise of apache® hadoop® requires the effective deployment of compute, memory, storage and networking to achieve optimal results. with its flexibility and multitude of options, it is easy to over or under provision the server infrastructure, resulting in poor performance and high tco. join us for an in depth, technical discussion with industry experts from leading hadoop and server companies who will provide insights into the key considerations for designing and deploying an optimal hadoop cluster. some of key questions to be discussed are : - what is the “ typical ” hadoop cluster and what should be installed on the different machine types? - why should you consider the typical workload patterns when making your hardware decisions? - are all microservers created equal for hadoop deployments? - how do i plan for expansion if i require more compute, memory, storage or networking?


homocysteine, total, plasma as an aid for screening patients suspected of having an inherited disorder of methionine metabolism including : - cystathionine beta - synthase deficiency ( homocystinuria ) - methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency ( mthfr ) and its thermolabile variants : - methionine synthase deficiency - cobalamin ( cbl ) metabolism : - combined methyl - cbl and adenosyl - cbl deficiencies : cbl c2, cbl d2, and cbl f3 deficiencies - methyl - cbl specific deficiencies : cbl d - var1, cbl e, and cbl g deficiencies - transcobalamin ii deficiency : - adenosylhomocysteinase ( ahcy ) deficiency - glycine n - methyltransferase ( gnmt ) deficiency - methionine adenosyltransferase ( mat ) i / iii deficiency clinical information discusses physiology, pathophysiology, and general clinical aspects, as they relate to a laboratory test to be used in conjunction with plasma amino acids and urine organic acids to aid in the biochemical screening for primary and secondary disorders of methionine metabolism. homocysteine is an intermediary in the sulfur - amino acid metabolism pathways, linking the methionine cycle to the folate cycle. inborn errors of metabolism that lead to homocysteinemia / - uria include cystathionine beta - synthase deficiency ( homocystinuria ) and various defects of methionine re - methylation. genetic defects in vitamin cofactors ( vitamin b6, b12, and folate ) and nutritional deficiency of b12 and folate also lead to abnormal homocysteine accumulation. homocysteine concentration is an indicator of acquired folate or cobalamin deficiency, and is a contributing factor in the pathogenesis of neural tube defects. homocysteine also was thought to be an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease ( atherosclerosis, heart disease, thromboembolism ), as early observational studies prior to 2000 linked homocysteine to cardiovascular risk and morbidity and mortality. however, following fda - mandated folic acid supplementation in 1998, homocysteine concentrations decreased by approximately 10 % without a similar change in cardiovascular or ischemic events. currently, the use of homocysteine


a cortisol level is a blood test that measures the amount of cortisol, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland. how the test is performed a blood sample is needed. for information on how this is done, see : venipuncture how to prepare for the test usually, the health care provider will ask that the test be done in the morning. this is important, because cortisol levels vary throughout the day. the health care provider may ask you to stop taking drugs that can affect the test. drugs that can increase cortisol measurements include : human - made ( synthetic ) glucocorticoids, such as prednisone and prednisolone drugs that can decrease cortisol measurements include : how the test will feel when the needle is inserted to draw blood, some people feel moderate pain, while others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. afterward, there may be some throbbing. why the test is performed the test is done to check for increased or decreased cortisol production. cortisol is a steroid hormone released from the adrenal gland in response to acth, a hormone from the pituitary gland in the brain. cortisol affects many different body systems. it plays a role in : metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and protein different diseases, such as cushing ' s disease and addison ' s disease, can lead to either too much or too little production of cortisol. cortisol levels are often measured to help diagnose these conditions and to evaluate how well the pituitary and adrenal glands are working. normal values for a blood sample taken at 8 in the morning are 6 - 23 micrograms per deciliter ( mcg / dl ). the examples above are common measurements for results for these tests. normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. some labs use different measurements or may test different specimens. talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results. what abnormal results mean higher than normal levels may indicate : the pituitary gland near the brain makes too much of the hormone acth ( called cushing ' s disease ) because of excess growth of the pituitary gland, or a tumor in the pituitary gland or elsewhere in the body ( such as the pancreas, lung, and thyroid ) veins and arteries vary in size from one patient to another and from one side of the body to the other. obtaining a blood sample from