- life. this is not to say that they are not as nice in real - life as they act in - game - they most likely are - but it ' s important and sensible to keep a safe distance from your fellow funorb players in real life. for this reason, we have put together some helpful hints, so you can be safe and have fun while playing funorb games. 1. do not tell other players personal information. not even if they claim to be jagex staff! don ' t tell anyone your real name, email address, home address, messenger handle or phone number. use your in - game friends list to chat and interact with the other players safely in multiplayer games. 2. if someone is making you feel uncomfortable then you should not attempt to carry on a conversation with this person. please see our reporting abuse guide for details on both how to ignore these players and reporting them, should they insult you directly. 3. chatting of a sexual nature ( aka cybering ) is strictly forbidden in all funorb games and should someone approach you in - game with this type of chat, please follow the instructions in our reporting abuse guide and report the player to us. 4. funorb games are online games. there is no need to meet anyone from funorb games in real life. remember, you only have the other player ' s word that they are who they say they are. in addition, for our players ' safety, it is against the rules to ask for or give out personal information, so please do not do so. for further information about this policy, please read play safe : asking for or giving out personal details. if you decide against this and plan to meet a funorb player in real life, please inform someone that you trust about what you are doing and have them accompany you to the meeting. do not go alone. 5. we advise our younger players to keep your parents or guardians informed of how your playing is going. it would be a good idea to introduce them to the games and encourage them to check on you regularly to ensure that your game remains problem - free. 6. for serious cases related to child protection, please report the incident to the following authorities : | usa | | the cyber tipline | | europe | | child exploitation and online protection centre | | australia | | virtual global taskforce | or, if you are outside the united kingdom or the united states, we suggest you contact your local law enforcement agency. for further information and advice on how to


| | child exploitation and online protection centre | | australia | | virtual global taskforce | or, if you are outside the united kingdom or the united states, we suggest you contact your local law enforcement agency. for further information and advice on how to chat safely online, please see the following sites : | jugendschutz im internet ( german ) | | http : / / www. jugendschutz. net / | | virtual global taskforce | | http : / / www. virtualglobaltaskforce. com | | get net wise | | http : / / www. getnetwise. org | | think you know | | http : / / www. thinkyouknow. co. uk | 9. if you are a parent seeking more information about funorb, you can view our parents ' guide by clicking here. 3. responsible gaming policy jagex intends everyone to use and enjoy funorb in a responsible way. funorb games are computer entertainment products and are operated with the intention of providing our users with an engaging, challenging and entertaining experience which they can enjoy from home, work or college via an online device. while we do not block people from being logged in to funorb over a certain number of hours, we do not encourage people to play for more hours than is reasonable. please follow these simple guidelines to maintain a balanced life and get the most out of playing our games. - take a break from the computer : read a book, go for a walk. - exercise at least once a week. - remember, it is just a game. - when eating, take a break from the computer - it ' ll still be there when you come back. - don ' t ignore your real - life friends, meet up with them on a regular basis. - work and study matters : don ' t let playing a game stop you doing well in your studies or at work. if you feel that your use of funorb is out of control and you are finding it difficult following some, or all, of the steps mentioned above, then please seek advice and help from someone that you trust or a medical professional.


how beans grow by national gardening association editors if you ' ve ever walked by containers of bulk seed in a garden store, you may have been surprised by the many different colors, sizes and shapes of the beans - - even by the variety of designs on the seed coats and their descriptive names : ' soldier ', ' wren ' s egg ', ' yellow eye ', ' black eye ', and others. maybe you were impressed, too, with how big some of these seeds are. underneath the large, hard seed coat is an embryo, a tiny plant ready to spring to life. when you plant a bean seed, the right amount of water, oxygen and a warm temperature ( 65°f to 75°f ) will help it break through its seed coat and push its way up through the soil. the seed of life most of the energy the young plant needs is stored within the seed. in fact, there ' s enough food to nourish bean plants until the first true leaves appear without using any fertilizer at all. as the tender, young beans come up, they must push pairs of folded seed leaves ( or cotyledons ) through the soil and spread them above the ground. beans also quickly send down a tap root, the first of a network of roots that will anchor the plants as they grow. most of the roots are in the top eight inches of soil, and many are quite close to the surface. what beans need beans need plenty of sunlight to develop properly. if the plants are shaded for an extended part of the day, they ' ll be tall and weak. they ' ll be forced to stretch upward for more light, and they won ' t have the energy to produce as many beans. the bean plant produces nice, showy flowers, and within each one is everything that ' s necessary for pollination, fertilization and beans. pollination of bean flowers doesn ' t require much outside assistance - - a bit of wind, the occasional visit from a bee, and the job is done. after fertilization occurs, the slender bean pods emerge and quickly expand. once this happens, the harvest isn ' t far off. although beans love sun, too much heat reduces production. bean plants, like all other vegetables, have a temperature range that suits them best : they prefer 70°f to 80°f after germinating. when the daytime temperature is consistently over 85°f, most beans tend to lose their blossoms. that ' s why many types of beans don ' t thrive in


transplanting cole crops by national gardening association editors at last! you ' re ready to transplant your broccoli, cauliflower and cabbage seedlings. if you have a choice, pick a day that ' s overcast and moderately cool ; too much hot sunshine or cold wind will be hard on the plants. planting late in the afternoon also helps protect them. readying for transplanting have everything ready before you lift a single transplant : well - worked soil ; your rows marked off ; water ; fertilizer ; two - inch - wide newspaper strips to use as cutworm collars ; trowel or spade for making holes ; seedlings. water the seedlings thoroughly while they ' re still in the tub, pots or flats. this causes the soil around their roots to adhere to the roots, protecting them from exposure to air and light. prepare each row step by step, rather than starting and finishing one transplant at a time. this way the plants get uniform amounts of fertilizer, even spacing and water, and the rows are generally neater. first, make all the holes for the seedlings. cole crop roots need large enough planting holes and loosened soil around them to take hold quickly. use a trowel to dig 4 - to 8 - inch - deep holes. space the holes 10 - to 18 - inches apart, depending on the crop. - broccoli - - 5 - to 18 - inches apart for transplants ; 4 - to 8 - inches apart for seeds. - brussels sprouts - - 8 - to 24 - inches apart for transplants ; 4 - to 8 - inches apart for seeds - cabbage - - 10 - to 12 - inches apart for transplants ; 4 - to 8 - inches apart for seeds - cauliflower - - 10 - to 12 - inches apart for transplants ; 4 - to 8 - inches apart for seeds - chinese cabbage - - 4 - to 5 - inches apart for seeds - kohlrabi - - 3 - to 4 - inches apart for seeds next, drop a small handful of compost or fertilizer in each hole and cover it with one to two inches of soil. this prevents the nitrogen in the fertilizer from burning any roots that touch it. do use the hole with water. by making it muddy and soupy, you create a complete moisture seal around the roots that helps each plant take hold. carefully lift a seedling from the flat, cupping the roots in your hand to protect them. the ideal transplant has more roots than


by making it muddy and soupy, you create a complete moisture seal around the roots that helps each plant take hold. carefully lift a seedling from the flat, cupping the roots in your hand to protect them. the ideal transplant has more roots than leaves. you can create this situation by pinching off some of the big outer leaves on each transplant, making certain to leave the center " mouse ear " leaves. place a cutworm collar around the stem of each seedling, then place the seedling in the planting hole. remember to put it at the same depth as it was in its original container. scoop soil into the hole to fill it back to level ground. firm the soil around the plant and water it well before moving on to the next one. transplant insurance - - cutworm collars unless you protect your seedlings, cutworms can wipe out whole rows of newly planted transplants overnight. these smooth, black or grayish 2 - inch worms chew through tender, young stems at ground level. luckily, it ' s easy to prevent cutworm damage when you ' re setting out your plants. the simplest way is to wrap the seedling stem with 2 - to 3 - inch strips of newspaper. you can also make a collar from a paper cup with the bottom cut out, a strip of cardboard or a tuna can with both ends removed. cutworms chew stems right at ground level, just above it or just below. in order to make your collar an effective barrier, place it so it extends 1 - to 2 - inches below and 1 - to 2 - inches above the soil surface. a strip of newspaper will last long enough to keep the damaging cutworms away from your younger plants without interfering with their growth. paper cups, cardboard or tin can collars can be left around the plants all season. some gardeners place a pencil - thick stick or nail next to the stem of the transplant. cutworms need to encircle the transplant to cut it off and this simple trick prevents them from getting around the stem. | feeding cole crops | | table of contents |


banjul, the gambia, 19 august 2009 - minister of health dr. mariatou jallow administered the first dose of the pneumococcal vaccine to gambian children at a rural clinic outside banjul today. joined by the gambia vice president mrs. isatou njie - saidy, dr. jallow and hundreds of gambian citizens celebrated this historic event, which marks the first step in the rollout of the gambia ' s national pneumococcal immunisation programme. " this is a proud day for the gambia and a seminal moment for west africa and all low - income countries around the world, " said dr. jallow. " we are committed to saving the lives and improving the health of our children and families, and we are proud to set an example for our west african neighbours to follow. with the introduction of this vaccine, the goal of significantly reducing childhood death in our country will now be within reach. " if all gavi countries act to introduce pneumococcal vaccine, we could save seven million children by 2030. dr. julian lob - levyt, gavi ceo pneumococcal disease is the leading vaccine - preventable killer of children younger than five worldwide and can cause potentially life - threatening illnesses such as pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis. pneumonia, the most common form of severe pneumococcal disease, is responsible for 1 in 6 deaths in gambian children less than five years of age, according to the world health organization. safe and effective vaccines exist to combat the pneumococcal disease but until recently have not been broadly available to low income countries, despite the fact that more than 95 % of pneumococcal cases occur in those nations. gambia ' s introduction of the pneumococcal vaccine follows an earlier introduction of the same vaccine in rwanda four months ago. to help make both introductions possible, wyeth contributed more than three million doses of prevenar *, the company ' s seven - valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, through the gavi alliance. thanks to the partnership between developing countries, donor governments, the world health organization, unicef, the world bank and industry, the gavi alliance provides financial support to accelerate the introduction of basic and new vaccines and strengthen health systems in developing countries, including the gambia. an important next milestone will be the availability of newer generation vaccines to the rest of the world ' s


industry, the gavi alliance provides financial support to accelerate the introduction of basic and new vaccines and strengthen health systems in developing countries, including the gambia. an important next milestone will be the availability of newer generation vaccines to the rest of the world ' s low income countries, which is expected to begin as early as 2010. " the gambia represents one of the 60 countries in which we hope to rollout the pneumococcal vaccine by 2015. if all gavi countries act to introduce pneumococcal vaccine, we could save seven million children by 2030, " said dr. julian lob - levyt, ceo of the gavi alliance. " donor support will be critical to achieving this goal and to continuing progress toward the millennium development goal 4 - a two - thirds reduction in child mortality by 2015. " " wyeth is committed to protecting current and future generations from pneumococcal disease around the world, " said jim connolly, executive vice president and general manager, wyeth vaccines. " wyeth takes great pride in providing the gavi alliance with more than three million doses of prevenar to help the gambia and rwanda protect its children against this serious health threat. " to accelerate the introduction of next generation pneumococcal vaccine in poor countries, in june 2009, the governments of italy, the united kingdom, canada, the russian federation, norway and the bill & melinda gates foundation, together with the gavi alliance, launched the pilot pneumococcal advance market commitment ( amc ). donors pledged us $ 1. 5 billion to fund the pilot amc for pneumococcal vaccine, and the gavi alliance committed to raising $ 1. 3 billion for the period 2010 - 2015 to help fund the vaccine ' s long - term price. the amc is expected to help expand access to pneumococcal vaccines to all gavi - eligible countries and potentially save millions of lives. " wyeth welcomes the amc concept as an innovative financing mechanism to help accelerate the introduction of needed vaccines in the least developed countries. we look forward to working together with gavi and the international community on the next steps of the amc process, " said mr. connolly. the nationwide rollout of pneumococcal vaccine in the gambia follows a large - scale pneumococcal vaccine efficacy trial in the country using a different formulation. the four - year study followed more than 17, 000 young gambian children to see whether a


contract and survive pneumococcal meningitis, one in four are left with serious disabilities, including neurological damage, kidney disease, deafness, limb amputations, and developmental delays. about the gavi alliance : the gavi alliance ( formerly the global alliance for vaccines and immunisation ) is a public - private partnership of major stakeholders in immunisation and health system support. it includes developing country and donor governments, the world health organization, unicef, the world bank, the vaccine industry in both industrialised and developing countries, research and technical agencies, civil society, the bill & melinda gates foundation and individuals. who projections show that gavi support has prevented more than 3. 4 million future deaths by the end of 2008. about pneumoadip : pneumoadip is a small, dedicated team based at johns hopkins bloomberg school of public health - the world ' s largest school of public health - and is supported by a grant from the gavi alliance. pneumoadip ' s mission is to improve child survival and health by accelerating the evaluation of and access to new, lifesaving pneumococcal vaccines for the world ' s children. pneumoadip coordinates its activities through a strategic alliance with the world health organisation and aims to achieve its goals through partnerships with countries, donors, academia, international organisations, and industry. visit http : / / www. preventpneumo. org or http : / / www. jhsph. edu about wyeth : wyeth is one of the world ' s largest research - driven pharmaceutical and health care products companies. it is a leader in the discovery, development, manufacturing and marketing of pharmaceuticals, vaccines, biotechnology products, nutritionals and non - prescription medicines that improve the quality of life for people worldwide. the company ' s major divisions include wyeth pharmaceuticals, wyeth consumer healthcare and fort dodge animal health. visit http : / / www. wyeth. com prevenar * : prevenar™ ( pneumococcal 7 - valent conjugate vaccine ) is approved by the world health organization for active immunisation of infants and children from 6 weeks through 9 years of age against invasive disease, pneumonia, and otitis media caused by streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes 4, 6b, 9v, 14, 18c, 19f and 23f. prevenar may be given at the same time as


| http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / a service of the u. s. national library of medicine® | hystrix - like ichthyosis with deafness ( hid ) is a disorder characterized by dry, scaly skin ( ichthyosis ) and hearing loss that is usually profound. hystrix - like means resembling a porcupine ; in this type of ichthyosis, the scales may be thick and spiky, giving the appearance of porcupine quills. newborns with hid typically develop reddened skin. the skin abnormalities worsen over time, and the ichthyosis eventually covers most of the body, although the palms of the hands and soles of the feet are usually only mildly affected. breaks in the skin may occur and in severe cases can lead to life - threatening infections. affected individuals have an increased risk of developing a type of skin cancer called squamous cell carcinoma, which can also affect mucous membranes such as the inner lining of the mouth. people with hid may also have patchy hair loss caused by scarring on particular areas of skin. hid is a rare disorder. its prevalence is unknown. hid is caused by mutations in the gjb2 gene. this gene provides instructions for making a protein called gap junction beta 2, more commonly known as connexin 26. connexin 26 is a member of the connexin protein family. connexin proteins form channels called gap junctions that permit the transport of nutrients, charged atoms ( ions ), and signaling molecules between neighboring cells that are in contact with each other. gap junctions made with connexin 26 transport potassium ions and certain small molecules. connexin 26 is found in cells throughout the body, including the inner ear and the skin. in the inner ear, channels made from connexin 26 are found in a snail - shaped structure called the cochlea. these channels may help to maintain the proper level of potassium ions required for the conversion of sound waves to electrical nerve impulses. this conversion is essential for normal hearing. in addition, connexin 26 may be involved in the maturation of certain cells in the cochlea. connexin 26 also plays a role in the growth and maturation of the outermost layer of skin ( the epidermis ). at least one gjb2 gene mutation has been identified in people with hid. this mutation changes a single protein building block ( amino acid ) in connexin 26. the mutation


the outermost layer of skin ( the epidermis ). at least one gjb2 gene mutation has been identified in people with hid. this mutation changes a single protein building block ( amino acid ) in connexin 26. the mutation is thought to result in channels that constantly leak ions, which impairs the health of the cells and increases cell death. death of cells in the skin and the inner ear may underlie the signs and symptoms of hid. because the gjb2 gene mutation identified in people with hid also occurs in keratitis - ichthyosis - deafness syndrome ( kid syndrome ), a disorder with similar features and the addition of eye abnormalities, many researchers categorize kid syndrome and hid as a single disorder, which they call kid / hid. it is not known why some people with this mutation have eye problems while others do not. changes in this gene are associated with hystrix - like ichthyosis with deafness. this condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. in some cases, an affected person inherits the mutation from one affected parent. other cases result from new mutations in the gene and occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family. these resources address the diagnosis or management of hystrix - like ichthyosis with deafness and may include treatment providers. you might also find information on the diagnosis or management of hystrix - like ichthyosis with deafness in educational resources ( http : / / www. ghr. nlm. nih. gov / condition / hystrix - like - ichthyosis - with - deafness / show / educational + resources ) and patient support ( http : / / www. ghr. nlm. nih. gov / condition / hystrix - like - ichthyosis - with - deafness / show / patient + support ). general information about the diagnosis ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / handbook / consult / diagnosis ) and management ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / handbook / consult / treatment ) of genetic conditions is available in the handbook. read more about genetic testing ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / handbook / testing ), particularly the difference between clinical tests and research tests ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov


read more about genetic testing ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / handbook / testing ), particularly the difference between clinical tests and research tests ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / handbook / testing / researchtesting ). to locate a healthcare provider, see how can i find a genetics professional in my area? ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / handbook / consult / findingprofessional ) in the handbook. you may find the following resources about hystrix - like ichthyosis with deafness helpful. these materials are written for the general public. you may also be interested in these resources, which are designed for healthcare professionals and researchers. for more information about naming genetic conditions, see the genetics home reference condition naming guidelines ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / conditionnameguide ) and how are genetic conditions and genes named? ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / handbook / mutationsanddisorders / naming ) in the handbook. ask the genetic and rare diseases information center ( http : / / rarediseases. info. nih. gov / gard / ). amino acid ; autosomal ; autosomal dominant ; cancer ; carcinoma ; cell ; cochlea ; connexin ; epidermis ; gap junctions ; gene ; ichthyosis ; ions ; keratitis ; mucous ; mutation ; potassium ; prevalence ; protein ; syndrome you may find definitions for these and many other terms in the genetics home reference glossary ( http : / / www. ghr. nlm. nih. gov / glossary ). the resources on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. users seeking information about a personal genetic disease, syndrome, or condition should consult with a qualified healthcare professional. see how can i find a genetics professional in my area? ( http : / / ghr. nlm. nih. gov / handbook / consult / findingprofessional ) in the handbook.


types of explosions any explosion that is the direct result of using a weapon ; such as a sword laden with explosive magics, or a gun that ' s been given explosive bullets. the most obvious example is a grenade or a block of tnt. most guns can be put into this category, given the common firearm mechanism of propelling a bullet out of the gun ' s barrel through an explosion in the chamber. a larger scale example would be the atomic bomb that a player can detonate on the town of megaton in fallout 3. think final fantasy or dragon warrior for magic - based explosions in games. spells such as " flare " in final fantasy and " explodet " in dragon warrior are good examples. in other games, a character may motion with their hand to create a fireball or a beam of powerful light, which will explode upon impact. in oblivion, the magic - wielding player motions forward with his / her arm and points to create a fireball, which then hurdles through the air, exploding upon any solid surface. magical " summonings " also create magical explosions, such as bahamut ' s attack in most final fantasy games. these explosions emanate from the world around the player. they can activate on their own, or be triggered by the player ' s actions. classics, such as the exploding barrel and fuel tank are often large and loud explosions - and in some environments, they can connect with other exploding objects to create a chain - reaction. this also contains objects such as vehicles, booby traps, and mines. this type of explosion can be very important to some games, as explosive environmental objects are often part of objectives or checkpoints in a game. these explosions are the result of any living thing that is able to explode. a simple example of this would be any kamikaze enemy in a game that ' s willing to run up to a player and detonate themselves.


chicago ' s willis tower, formerly known as sears tower, was the world ' s tallest building from 1974 to 1998 and remains the tallest building in the u. s. to this day. its 1451 - foot ( 442 m ) height adds up to enough window area to keep a window washer busy for life, or space for enough solar panels to be comparable to a 10 acre solar power plant. as part of a pilot project, the south facing windows of the 56th floor of the willis tower will be replaced with pythagoras solar ' s transparent solar windows which cut down on heat gain – and therefore cooling costs – as well as harnessing energy from the sun. while the image that comes to mind when one thinks of solar power plants is probably one of rows upon rows of panels covering large areas of desert, replacing the windows of skyscrapers with solar windows gives cities with limited free space the opportunity to create vertical solar power plants. pythagorus solar ' s solar windows, which the company calls photovoltaic glass units ( pgus ), are rectangular box - shaped units that allow diffused light to pass through, but use a prism to reflect sunlight down onto a horizontal pv cell along the bottom of the unit to generate the same amount of energy as standard rooftop - mounted solar cells. " we are excited to launch this pilot with pythagoras solar ' s leading - edge solar window solutions as a test for not only the energy savings that can be achieved, but the potential they represent to actually generate power through the sun, " said john huston, executive vice president of american landmark properties, one of the ownership partners of willis tower. if the pilot project proves successful, pythagoras solar ' s pgu ' s could be expanded beyond the 56th floor to cover enough surface area to provide over two megawatts of solar power. just enter your friends and your email address into the form below for multiple addresses, separate each with a comma


for immediate release march 11, 2011 office of college communications wenham, ma – since the 18th - century enlightenment, americans have maintained much friendlier ties with religion than western europeans. in fact, the united states and western europe ’ s paths to modernity have differed exponentially. thomas a. ( “ tal ” ) howard, associate professor of history, will be presenting a lecture entitled “ america, europe, and the religious divide ” as part of the old town hall lecture series sponsored by the gordon college institute for public history. he will be discussing some of the main themes he addresses in his most recent book, god and the atlantic : america, europe, and the religious divide. the event will take place thursday, march 17, at 7 : 30 p. m. at the salem old town hall. “ the book seeks to explain some of the religious differences between europe and america, ” says howard. “ i am especially keen to show how europeans have interpreted america ’ s early experiment in religious liberty and its long - term effects. ” howard is also the founding director of the college ’ s great books honors program, the jerusalem and athens forum. he was the winner of the lilly fellows program annual book award in 2007. howard is also the author of religion and the rise of historicism ( 2000 ) and protestant theology and the making of the modern german university ( 2006 ). “ the causes of the religious divide between europe and america are hotly disputed among social scientists and contemporary historians, ” says hartmut lehmann, former director, max planck institute for history and the german historical institute, of howard ’ s book. “ by carefully examining european views of america since the late 18th century, thomas albert howard is the first scholar to give historical depth to this debate. everyone interested to find a way through the labyrinth of transatlantic comparisons and prejudice is well - advised to read this book. ” for more information visit http : / / oldtownhalllectures. com / gordon college is a multidenominational christian college of the liberal arts and sciences on boston ’ s north shore, offering majors in 38 fields with graduate programs in education and music education. gordon is nationally recognized for excellence in academics and in character building, and ranks as one of the nation ’ s top christian colleges. www. gordon. edu


april 16, 2002 by bill mcgarigle texas was among the first to adapt geospatial technologies to the monitoring, decision - making and treatment processes involved in cotton production. the need was clear : cotton is the state ' s number one cash crop, contributing over $ 1. 3 billion annually to the texas economy, even after losing 10 percent of crops to weevils each year. losses would be upward of 20 percent had texas, the federal government and cotton growers not taken action, according to carl anderson, agricultural economist and cotton marketing specialist at the texas a & m cooperative extension program. in an effort to banish the weevil once and for all, the state legislature in 1996 established the texas boll weevil eradication foundation ( tbwef ), a quasi - government entity funded by cotton growers, the state and the u. s. department of agriculture. since 1999, the legislature has appropriated $ 125 million in support of the foundation ' s eradication program. " based on gis analysis of predefined biological, meteorological and operational parameters, such a system could indicate which fields to treat and when, " el - lissy said. " if the system is user friendly and practical to integrate into the boll weevil eradication program, fewer, less - experienced workers will be able to produce the same results as those achieved by many experienced personnel, but faster and more efficiently. " role of spatial technology in 1996, the tbwef introduced the boll weevil eradication expert system ( bwees ) to facilitate the eradication program. a gis - based application developed by el - lissy and the foundation ' s it group, the bwees incorporates data from a wide range of sources. differential gps point files of field coordinates, field shapes, acreage and weevil trap locations are downloaded to mapinfo pro gis and integrated into the base map of a cotton field and its surrounding environment. grower data, planting dates, cotton variety, numbers of weevils found in the traps and related agricultural information are all stored in an oracle database - management system and integrated into thematic maps of the respective cotton fields. trap data are collected with bar code scanners during weekly field inspections. the scanner automatically records date, time and trap number, and prompts the user for the number of weevils in the trap, the growth stage of the crop and related information. data from the scanners is downloaded to the gis and linked to the map location of each


time and trap number, and prompts the user for the number of weevils in the trap, the growth stage of the crop and related information. data from the scanners is downloaded to the gis and linked to the map location of each trap, enabling supervisors and producers to precisely locate weevil infestations in the field. mapinfo mapx compares this data against parameters established for cotton fields at various stages of crop growth and infestation. based on the number of weevils caught in traps over time, mapx color - codes fields meeting various growth and treatment criteria. data on fields marked for treatment are entered into a contractor ' s dgps - based flight - tracking system, which is designed to trigger spray only on the infested areas of the field. after treatment, the swath tracks and related data from the aerial applications are incorporated into the bwees and used to assess the progress of eradication and monitor the health of the field. the foundation has also web - enabled the bwees. cotton producers can now query a tbwef site to find out if weevils are present in their fields, where they were trapped, the degree of infestation and progress toward you may use or reference this story with attribution and a link to


the green marine environmental program is an action plan that addresses nine major environmental issues identified by the marine industry : the program is made up of 4 basic steps : 1 - evaluation process green marine requires participants to adopt practices and technologies that will have a direct impact on the ground. the green marine environmental program encourages participants to go beyond regulatory compliance and implement a process of continuous environmental improvement that will lead to excellence and leadership. download the 2013 summary of the program ' s performance indicators ( the complete self - evaluation guide will be available in the fall 2013 ) 2 - external verification participants ' results are subject to an external audit every two years, during which an independent third party will visit their premises to check their facilities and procedures, and verify the accuracy of the data used to compile their results. 3 - publication of results participants ’ individual results - as well as the global results attained by the industry as a whole - are published on a yearly basis in green marine ' s annual report. individual results are also available via an interactive map on green marine ’ s website. 4 - certification during their first year in the program, participants receive a logo indicating that their green marine certification is “ in progress, ” which they can use to publicize their commitment to the green marine initiative. participants who have been in the program for more than a year receive a « certified « logo, which is awarded during a certification ceremony held during green marine ' s annual conference. consult the full version of the environmental program of the st. lawrence and great lakes maritime industry. note that the program is currently under revision. for an updated version of the program, please check out the self - evaluation guides.


do what you can to ease side effects of treatment for stomach cancer it ' s likely that you will have physical concerns because your cancer may cause symptoms and your treatment may cause side effects. the side effects depend on your treatment and that depends largely on how much the cancer has spread outside your stomach or to other organs. we ' ve listed some common side effects from stomach cancer treatments and how to ease them. they are listed in alphabetical order, so you can find help when you need it. see " dumping syndrome " and " heartburn. " anemia ( low red blood cell levels ) throughout your treatment your doctor will take small samples of your blood. one thing he or she is checking is your level of red blood cells. red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. surgery may decrease your level of red blood cells. you may feel tired. this condition is called anemia. the main reason for anemia with stomach cancer is that iron, a mineral that helps the red blood cells pick up and carry oxygen, is not well absorbed from your stomach. removing your stomach makes it harder for your body to digest, absorb, and use iron. your body also may not be able to absorb folate and vitamin b12, vitamins that help with the iron - absorption process. anemia can also be caused by small amounts of blood loss, chemotherapy or radiation, or the cancer itself. if your doctor tells you that you have anemia, take these actions to feel better. anxiety and depression many people may feel blue, anxious, or distressed after being told they have cancer. these feelings may continue or come back during treatment. taking these actions may ease your mental stress. constipation, which includes difficult or infrequent bowel movements, can range from mildly uncomfortable to painful. this may be a side effect of chemotherapy or some pain medicines. taking narcotic pain medications can lead to constipation, so it ' s wise to take these preventive actions. these same steps will give you relief if you are already constipated. eat foods high in fiber, such as cereals, whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. diarrhea includes loose or frequent bowel movements, or both. it may be a side effect of external beam radiation therapy. many chemotherapy drugs may cause bowel changes, too. diarrhea may lead to dehydration if you don ' t take these precautions. avoid gas - producing vegetables, dried fruit, fiber cereals, seeds, popcorn, nuts, corn


many chemotherapy drugs may cause bowel changes, too. diarrhea may lead to dehydration if you don ' t take these precautions. avoid gas - producing vegetables, dried fruit, fiber cereals, seeds, popcorn, nuts, corn and dried beans. eat low - residue, low - fiber foods such as those included in the brat diet ( bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast ). the most common long - term problem after stomach cancer surgery is called dumping syndrome. the food you eat travels quickly into your small intestine, within about 10 to 20 minutes after eating. your stomach and duodenum may no longer be able to aid digestion and remove excess fluid. so the rest of your digestive system has to do that work. as a result, you may notice a feeling of fullness and pain in the stomach area. you may also have cramping, flushing, diarrhea, and dizziness, and feel your heart racing. these symptoms usually all go away once you have emptied your bowels. these are steps you can take to prevent or lessen these problems. hair loss ( also called alopecia ) losing your hair can be upsetting because thinning or baldness is a visible reminder that you are being treated for cancer. keep in mind that your hair will grow back after chemotherapy. try these coping tips. think about getting a wig, hat, or scarf before your hair loss starts. that way, you can get a wig that matches your hair, and you ' ll be ready with head coverings, if you choose to use them. surgery for stomach cancer may cause bloating, abdominal pain, and heartburn. you may feel full after eating small meals. these side effects can be relieved with changes in diet. try these tips. increase your fiber intake, including fresh fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. some types of fiber add bulk to your food and help it to move more quickly through the digestive tract. good sources of fiber include apples, pears, figs, strawberries, raisins, carrots, whole grain breads and cereals, corn, peas, and peanuts, to name a few. talk with your doctor before taking over - the - counter antacids. this is important because antacids can interact with many different prescription drugs. furthermore, some antacids can cause constipation or diarrhea, which may further complicate other side effects you may be experiencing. throughout your treatment you doctor


is important because antacids can interact with many different prescription drugs. furthermore, some antacids can cause constipation or diarrhea, which may further complicate other side effects you may be experiencing. throughout your treatment you doctor will take small samples of your blood. one thing he or she is checking is your level of white blood cells. many types of chemotherapy can cause low white blood cell counts, called neutropenia. without enough white blood cells, your body may not be able to fight infection. if your doctor tells you that your white blood cell count is low, take these actions to stay healthy. call your doctor right away if you have any of these signs of infection : a temperature of 100. 5 degrees or higher, severe chills, a cough, pain, a burning sensation during urination, or any sores or redness. mouth sores ( also called mucositis ) some types of chemotherapy may cause these. mouth sores may hurt and make eating an unpleasant experience. to prevent sores in your mouth, take these actions. brush your teeth after meals and before bedtime. floss every day. keep your mouth and lips clean and moist. use sugar - free candies or gums to increase moisture in your mouth. if you get sores in your mouth, taking these actions can ease the pain. nausea or vomiting nausea or vomiting as a result of chemotherapy or radiation treatment for cancer may range from barely noticeable to severe. you may also notice nausea and vomiting after eating. it may help you to understand the different types of nausea. after surgery, you may have a smaller stomach or even no stomach left to contain the food you eat. digestion - related nausea and vomiting can result from too much food inside a smaller stomach. anticipatory nausea and vomiting are learned from previous experiences with vomiting. as you prepare for the next dose of chemotherapy, you may anticipate that nausea and vomiting will occur as it did previously, which triggers the actual reflex. to prevent nausea, take these actions. most nausea can be prevented. to help ease nausea or vomiting if you have it, try these tips. try eating foods and drinking beverages that were easy to take or made you feel better when you had the flu or were nauseated from stress. these might be bland foods, sour candy, pickles, dry crackers, ginger ale, flat soda or others. numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness in your hands or feet ( peripheral neuropathy ) if you have numb


from stress. these might be bland foods, sour candy, pickles, dry crackers, ginger ale, flat soda or others. numbness, tingling, or muscle weakness in your hands or feet ( peripheral neuropathy ) if you have numbness, tingling, or weakness in your hands and feet, you may have nerve damage called peripheral neuropathy. some types of chemotherapy are known to cause this. other signs of this problem are ringing in your ears or trouble feeling hot or cold. if you have symptoms such as these, take these precautions to protect yourself. you may have pain or tenderness from the cancer itself or from surgical incisions. try these tips to ease the pain. feelings of depression from having cancer or fatigue from other treatments can also have a negative impact on your sexual desires. here are some ways you may cope. skin irritation or dryness this may be a side effect of some chemotherapy or external beam radiation treatment. ask your doctor or nurse what kind of lotion you can use to moisturize and soothe your skin. don ' t use any lotion, soap, deodorant, sunblock, cologne, cosmetics, or powder on your skin within two hours after treatment because they may cause irritation. thinking and memory problems you may have mild problems with concentration and memory during and after chemotherapy. being tired can make this worse. taking these actions may help. tiredness is a very common symptom and side effect from surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation treatments. you may feel only slightly tired or you may suffer from extreme fatigue. fatigue can last four to six weeks after treatment ends. taking these actions may help increase your energy level. vitamin and mineral deficiencies the stomach and duodenum normally help digest and absorb vitamins and minerals from the food you eat. when these organs are partially or totally removed, they aren ' t able to do this. so if you have part or all of your stomach removed, you may experience nutritional deficiencies. most often, this includes iron, vitamin b12, and folate. here are some steps you can take to be sure you ' re getting enough of these vitamins and minerals. this can result from chemotherapy. to help lose weight, take these actions.


as mexico celebrates the day of the dead ( dia de los muertos ), i ' m reminded of a visit i once made with a swedish friend to the museum of mummies in the picturesque colonial mexican city of guanajuato. the perfectly preserved corpses of babies and adults were brashly displayed amid neon lights, fake cobwebs, and other cheap halloween - esque adornments. confronted with this seeming lack of respect for the dead and vulgarity of the displays, i explained to my shocked companion that mexicans have a peculiarly different relationship with death to other cultures. as the nobel prize - winning mexican writer octavio paz explained in his seminal work labyrinth of solitude : " the mexican... is familiar with death, jokes about it, caresses it, sleeps with it, celebrates it. true, there is as much fear in his attitude as in that of others, but at least death is not hidden away : he looks at it face to face, with impatience, disdain or irony. " the celebration of the day of the dead – which is actually a week of festivities which begin on 28 october and end with a national holiday on 2 november – is an integral part of this embracement of death that is particular to mexican national identity. during this period, the popular belief is that the deceased have divine permission to visit friends and relatives on earth and enjoy once again the pleasures of life. to facilitate this, mexicans visit the graves of families and friends and adorn them with brilliantly colourful flowers and offerings of food – in particular the sugary " bread of the dead " – spices, toys, candles, and drinks amongst other things. the period is specifically a joyous, ritualistically elaborate celebration of life, rather than a sober mourning of its passing. the origins of the day of the dead rest in the 16th - century fusion of the aztecs ' belief in death as merely one part in the wider cycle of existence, their ritual venerations and offerings to the goddess mictecacihuatl ( " lady of the dead " ) for deceased children and adults, and the conquering spaniards ' desire to accommodate these festivities within the catholic celebrations of all saints ' day and all souls ' day. while contemporary observance of the day of the dead does include masses and prayers to saints and the dead, it is dominated by carnivalesque rituals to a far greater extent that the orthodox catholic celebrations found in western europe. nevertheless, in a country as socially and geographically diverse as mexico, there


the dead does include masses and prayers to saints and the dead, it is dominated by carnivalesque rituals to a far greater extent that the orthodox catholic celebrations found in western europe. nevertheless, in a country as socially and geographically diverse as mexico, there is significant regional variation in the nature of festivities : the southern state of chiapas is far more likely to focus its efforts on processions and public commemorations of death than the valley of mexico, where the decoration of altars in homes and tombs of the deceased is more popular. urbanisation, too, plays a large role in regional variations. for the south and rural areas the period holds far greater social and cultural significance than in the north and large cities ; families and communities in rural areas will often spend large parts of the year preparing for the occasion. as the anthropologist claudio lomnitz correctly points out, in many respects this " playful familiarity and proximity to death ", is all the more unusual in contemporary mexican culture because so much of euro - american 20th century thought has been about denying death – preserving the life of the citizen at all costs. the existence of this peculiarly mexican attitude is born of three major themes in mexican history. first is the aztec heritage of the pre - columbian concept of life and death as part of a broader cycle of existence, which fused with the christian veneration of the deceased on all souls ' day into a wholly unique concept of death. second, is the violent and tumultuous nature of mexico ' s past ; the brutality of the spanish conquest where the indigenous population of central mexico was decimated over the course of the 16th century ; the humiliating subjugation at the hands of its north american neighbour ; and the bloodbath of the mexican revolution. these upheavals made it impossible to ignore the commonplace reality of unnatural death in mexico. and thirdly, the appropriation ( or reappropriation from their mesoamerican heritage, as many saw it ) of " death " by mexican intellectuals post - revolution in the early 20th century meant direct confrontation with the mortality of life became ingrained in the national psyche. as the artist diego rivera said in 1920 : " if you look around my studio, you will see deaths everywhere, deaths of every size and colour. " learning how to cope with mortality has always been a central preoccupation of human existence. the celebrations of the day of the dead provide an insight into how the mexicans do it.


view all by save 25 % on selected publications. preview the upcoming exhibition schedule. browse the collection for our most recent acquisitions. van gogh and expressionism published in 1964 44 pages, fully illustrated following the same structure as the previous year ’ s exhibition, cezanne and structure in modern painting, the 1964 exhibition van gogh and expressionism was an attempt to illustrate vincent van gogh ’ s influence on subsequent art movements, such as abstract expressionism. in lieu of discussing which artists exerted an influence on van gogh, curator maurice tuchman discusses how van gogh was a model for the modern expressionists of the 21st century. in separate essays, tuchman describes each artist ’ s form of expressionism, how they have learned from van gogh, and developed their own unique expressionist style. in addition to van gogh, the following artists are discussed : edvard munch, georges rouault, vasily kandinsky, oskar kokoschka, emil nolde, chaim soutine, and willem de kooning. selected works representing each artist are also included in the catalogue, all of which are illustrated in color. " my great longing is to learn to make incorrectness... more true than the original truth, " wrote vincent van gogh. in his first masterpiece, the potato eaters, van gogh strove to convey the clumsy honesty and naive strength of peasantry by rude and frankly unsophisticated means. figures were awkwardly placed or obscured, their anatomies deformed, their gestures exaggerated. not unexpectedly, he was denounced for these distortions of natural form. " dare you, " exclaimed his friend, the painter van rappard, " working in such a manner, invoke the names of [ the peasant painters ] millet and breton? come! art stands in my opinion too high to be treated so carelessly. " van gogh responded, " i want to paint what i feel and feel what i paint " — without regard, he added, to what " civilized " people might think or say.


| pertussis, also known as “ whooping cough ” for the trademark sound made by those suffering from the illness, is making a comeback. this highly contagious disease is caused by an infection of the respiratory system that leads to uncontrollable, violent coughing. the coughing spells can make it hard to breathe, and may cause vomiting. vaccines have made this disease less prevalent in recent years, but the number of cases is on the rise again. while adults usually experience mild discomfort from the coughing spells, pertussis can be deadly for infants, especially those under 6 months that have not been vaccinated. the pertussis infection can last about 6 weeks and is highly contagious. the first symptoms resemble a common cold, including runny nose, sneezing, mild cough and low - grade fever. infected people are most contagious during the earliest stages of the illness for up to about 2 weeks after the cough begins. someone infected can spread the disease simply by sneezing, coughing, or laughing. if you have an infant or care for one, take the time to get vaccinated. it could save a life … most new moms are given a tdap injection in the hospital after delivery, protecting them from tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis. but dads, older siblings, and caregivers need to get vaccinated too. many elderly people may never have been vaccinated. urge anyone that comes in regular contact with your newborn to speak to their physician about the vaccination as soon as possible. share your thoughts with other moms.


see wikipedia article on chaitin ' s construction, referring to e. g. - computing a glimpse of randomness ( written by cristian s. calude, michael j. dinneen, and chi - kou shu ) - omega and why math has no toes ( gregory chaitin ). 2 basing it on combinatory logic see the prefix coding system described in binary lambda calculus and combinatory logic ( page 20 ) written by john tromp : of course, c, d are meta - variables, and also some other notations are changed slightly. having seen this, decoding is rather straightforward. let us represent it e. g with the following ll1 parser. of course, we can build it on top of more sophisticated parser libraries ( parsec, arrow parsers ) 2. 2. 1 decoding module module decode ( clp ) where import parser ( parser, item ) import cl ( cl, k, s, apply ) import clext ( ( > > ^ ) ) clp : : parser bool cl clp = item ( bool applicationp basep ) applicationp : : parser bool cl applicationp = clp > > ^ clp basep : : parser bool cl basep = item ( bool k s ) kp, sp : : parser bool cl kp = return k sp = return s 2. 2. 2 combinatory logic term modules module cl ( cl, k, s, apply ) where import tree ( tree ( leaf, branch ) ) import basesymbol ( basesymbol, kay, ess ) type cl = tree basesymbol k, s : : cl k = leaf kay s = leaf ess apply : : cl - > cl - > cl apply = branch 22. 214. 171. 124 cl extension module clext ( ( > > ^ ) ) where import cl ( cl, apply ) import control. monad ( monad, liftm2 ) ( > > ^ ) : : monad m = > m cl - > m cl - > m cl ( > > ^ ) = liftm2 apply 126. 96. 36. 199 base symbol module basesymbol ( basesymbol, kay, ess ) where data basesymbol = k | s kay, ess : : basesymbol kay = k ess = s 2. 2. 3 utility modules 188. 8. 131. 52 binary tree module


##ymbol, kay, ess ) where data basesymbol = k | s kay, ess : : basesymbol kay = k ess = s 2. 2. 3 utility modules 188. 8. 131. 52 binary tree module tree ( tree ( leaf, branch ) ) where data tree a = leaf a | branch ( tree a ) ( tree a ) module parser ( parser, item ) where import control. monad. state ( statet, get, put ) type parser token a = statet [ token ] a item : : parser a item = do token : tokens < - get put tokens return token 184. 108. 40. 206 prelude extension module preludeext ( bool ) where bool : : a - > a - > bool - > a bool thenc elsec t = if t then thenc else elsec 2. 3 partial function approach now, chaitin ' s construction will be here - should denote an unary predicate “ has normal form ” ( “ terminates ” ) - should mean an operator “ decode ” ( a function from finite bit sequences to combinatory logic terms ) - should denote the set of all finite bit sequences - should denote the set of syntactically correct bit sequences ( semantically, they may either terminate or diverge ), i. e. the domain of the decoding function, i. e. the range of the coding function. thus, - “ absolute value ” - should mean the length of a bit sequence ( not combinatory logic term evaluation! ) 2. 4 total function approach here, dc is a partial function ( from finite bit sequences ). if this is confusing or annoying, then we can choose a more haskell - like approach, making dc a total function : dc : : [ bit ] - > maybe cl then, chaitin ' s construction will be where should denote false truth value. 3 related concepts 4 to do writing a program in haskell - - or in combinatory logic : - ) - - which could help in making conjectures on combinatory logic - based chaitin ' s constructions. it would make only approximations, in a similar way that most mandelbrot plotting softwares work : it would ask for a maximum limit of iterations. chaitin - - computation = cl - - coding = tromp - - limit - of - iterations = 5000 - - digits = 10 - - decimal


information on moles and voles can also be seen on the healthy canadians website. the adult mole measures from 12 to 20 cm in length and has dark grey or brown velvety fur. its eyes are small and its broad front feet have strong claws for digging in soil. moles are insectivores. most do not eat plants, but feed mainly on earthworms, insects and grubs. some moles may damage tubers and the roots of garden plants but any plant damage is most likely incidental, or may be blamed on other small herbivorous animals using the tunnel. moles do not hibernate but remain active day or night all year long. during the winter, the mole looks for food deep below the frost line. most surface activity happens in the spring and fall. moles are solitary animals, and it is likely that only one or two moles are responsible for the damage to your lawn or garden. moles have only one litter of 3 to 4 young in the spring. these young will stay with the female in her tunnels for about one month, and then will start creating their own tunnels, reaching adult size in four to eight weeks. voles resemble house mice, but have a shorter tail, a rounded muzzle and head, and small ears. like all rodents, voles have a single pair of large chisel - like incisors in the upper jaw that continue to grow from the roots as the tips wear away. the vole has a dark brown coat with a greyish belly that turns white in the winter. in contrast, the house mouse is uniformly grey. voles search for green plants and seeds during the day or night, and in winter, they travel in tunnels beneath the insulating snow, making round holes in the snow when coming up to the surface. the mole can be considered beneficial in some ways since it consumes insects, including grubs and other insect larvae, and slugs. moles also feed on earthworms and some will even eat small snakes and mice. however, the mole and its tunnels can destroy lawns, gardens, parks, golf courses and cemeteries. they can kill plants when tunnelling by removing soil around roots. the unprotected roots dry out and die. plant diseases may also be spread by the mole ' s movements. pests like voles, field mice and other rodents use these tunnels as well to feed on exposed roots. in search for food, moles create an extensive network of tunnels, many of which are used only


spread by the mole ' s movements. pests like voles, field mice and other rodents use these tunnels as well to feed on exposed roots. in search for food, moles create an extensive network of tunnels, many of which are used only once. temporary surface tunnels are where the sod is raised and appears as ridges. these feeding tunnels are used a few times, then are abandoned. deeper tunnels from which the mole must excavate dirt, forming molehills, are used mainly as the living quarters. signs of vole infestation are when the bark has been removed completely around the base of a tree ( girdling ), or the sight of 1 to 2 inch wide dead strips ( surface runways ) through matted grass leading to shallow underground burrows. small piles of brownish feces and short pieces of grass along the runways are another sign of vole activity. female voles can start producing litters from the age of three weeks and can produce a large number of litters in one year since their gestation period lasts only 21 days and they can breed all year round. local populations can vary from one animal to thousands per hectare on a three to four - year cycle. when the vole population peaks, predators such as foxes, wolves or hawks feed on nothing else. licensed pest control operators may offer a trapping service or traps can be rented from them or a farming co - op. be sure to ask for instructions on the proper use of the mole traps if you decide to set one. to ensure success, trapping efforts should be concentrated on the main runways in the spring and fall. look for tunnels that appear to directly connect two or more mounds that run parallel to permanent structures such as fences or concrete paths, or that follow a tree line bordering a grassy area. another method of identifying an actively used run would be to lightly step on a small section of several tunnels so that they are disturbed, but not completely collapsed. make sure that these disturbed sections are clearly marked. after a few days, the raised sections can be identified as active runs, and therefore good locations for traps. to a certain extent, a healthy lawn where the risk of grub infestations is minimized will be less attractive to moles. cats or dogs can also discourage a mole from entering a yard. baits are rarely taken by moles because they prefer to feed on soil insects. some baits containing zinc phosphide are available only to licensed pest control operators. no registered baits are available to the general public. cleaning


a yard. baits are rarely taken by moles because they prefer to feed on soil insects. some baits containing zinc phosphide are available only to licensed pest control operators. no registered baits are available to the general public. cleaning up all possible food sources like vegetables left in the garden at season ' s end will help keep voles and other rodents away from your yard. proper vegetation management like removing mulch from the base of fruit trees in winter will help avoid an increase in vole numbers. if you intend to put mulch down on strawberries or other perennials, do so only after the soil freezes. if you do so before the soil freezes, you will be providing an ideal location for rodents to gain access to roots in unfrozen soil. use metal or glass rodent - proof containers to store seeds and bird feed. composters should also be inaccessible to rodents. gravel or cinder barriers around garden plots are an effective and easy means of protection. the barrier should be 20 cm ( 6 to 8 inches ) deep and a foot or more wide. the sharpness of cinder particles deters voles from pushing their noses into the soil. commercial plastic tree guards, a piece of chicken wire or small mesh wrapped around the base of trees and extending below the soil will help prevent treegirdling. consult with your local tree specialist for the proper use of these materials. traditional snap mouse traps can be used. place them in areas where voles are known to be. barricades may be used that allow only voles to enter a trap. buy a large number of snap - traps and set them all out at once for a one or two night period. a good technique is to bait the traps with a tiny dab of peanut butter or bacon for two or three nights without setting the traps. when the traps are finally set, voles are less likely to shy away from them. always exercise extreme caution when handling a trap and keep them out of the reach of children and pets. natural predators including cats, owls and snakes can help keep the vole population down. if populations have built up, the use of treated baits may be necessary. baits containing the active ingredient chlorophacinone are available in home garden centres and are registered for the control of voles. licensed pest control operators can use commercial baits containing chlorophacinone or zinc phosphide. denatonium benzoate, sprayed on plant surfaces to be protected, deters


- hypothermia occurs when the body ' s core temperature drops below 37°c. - this typically results from prolonged exposure to cold conditions, especially in damp, wet or snowy weather. - early signs : shivering ; listlessness ; cold, pale, puffy face ; impaired speech and impaired judgment. - later signs : drowsiness, weakness, slow pulse, shallow breathing, confusion, altered behaviour, stumbling, unsteadiness. - move person to warmer area, shield from cold, passive rewarming with space blanket etc., give warm fluids and high energy foods if possible. what is hypothermia and what causes it? hypothermia occurs when the body ' s core temperature drops below 37°c. this happens when more heat is lost than the body can produce through shivering and muscle contractions. hypothermia is the result of prolonged exposure to cold conditions, especially in damp, wet or snowy weather. inadequate clothing during winter or at night in the wilderness, or falling into cold water, are examples of situations which commonly cause hypothermia. inactivity rapidly leads to heat loss and this is worse if the person is injured. symptoms and signs of hypothermia hypothermia has a gradual onset and the affected person might lose heat to a critical level before becoming aware of the problem. early signs include shivering ( shivering stops once body temperature falls to below 32°c ) ; listlessness ; a cold, pale, puffy face ; slurred or incoherent speech and impaired judgment. this decrease in mental sharpness typically results in someone becoming unaware of the gravity of the situation. later signs, indicating severe hypothermia, include an overwhelming drowsiness and weakness, slow pulse and shallow breathing, confusion, altered behaviour such as aggressiveness, stumbling when walking and unsteadiness when standing. infants, the very lean and the elderly are at particular risk. elderly people may become hypothermic at temperatures as mild as 10 to 15°c, particularly if they are malnourished, have heart disease or an underactive thyroid, or if they take certain medications or abuse alcohol. hypothermia can be fatal and therefore needs prompt treatment. severe hypothermia may be difficult to distinguish from death because pulses become very difficult or impossible to feel and breathing may be too shallow to notice. first aid for hypothermia - call for an ambulance if the person ' s level of


hypothermia may be difficult to distinguish from death because pulses become very difficult or impossible to feel and breathing may be too shallow to notice. first aid for hypothermia - call for an ambulance if the person ' s level of consciousness is dropping, or you have any doubt about the severity of the condition. - if possible, move the person to a warmer area, shielded from the cold and wind. remove wet clothing. - passively re - warm the person by wrapping him in a space blanket, blankets, clothing or newspapers, and cover the head. if outdoors, insulate the person from the ground and lie next to him. - if the person is conscious, give warm fluids and high - energy foods, unless he is vomiting. don ' t give any alcohol or caffeinated drinks. - keep the person still as movement draws blood away from the vital organs. don ' t massage or rub someone with severe hypothermia, or jostle them during transport. ( cold can interfere with the electric conduction system of the heart, making it prone to irregular rhythms which may lead to cardiac arrest. ) - do not apply direct heat, such as a hot bath, heating pad or electric blanket. ( this is called active re - warming and should not be done unless the person is very far from definitive care, as it carries a risk of burns. ) prevention of hypothermia - if you ' re going to be doing outdoor sports like hiking, research the conditions first and speak to experienced people who know the area. ask them what they would recommend in terms of gear and available shelter. as a general rule : take along several layers of warm clothing ( layers help trap warmed air ) and keep the head, hands and feet covered. - change out of wet clothes as soon as you can. being wet and in the wind rapidly speeds up heat loss from the body. - take along sufficient food, especially carbohydrates, and snack regularly. it ' s also important to stay hydrated, even in cold weather. - carry a space blanket ; these are available at outdoor and camping shops. reviewed by barry milner, instructor, blue star academy of first aid, bls national faculty and first aid representative ( resuscitation council of southern africa )


intelligence tests are psychological tests that are designed to measure a variety of mental functions, such as reasoning, comprehension, and judgment. the goal of intelligence tests is to obtain an idea of the person ' s intellectual potential. the tests center around a set of stimuli designed to yield a score based on the test maker ' s model of what makes up intelligence. intelligence tests are often given as a part of a battery of tests. there are many different types of intelligence tests and they all do not measure the same abilities. although the tests often have aspects that are related with each other, one should not expect that scores from one intelligence test, that measures a single factor, will be similar to scores on another intelligence test, that measures a variety of factors. also, when determining whether or not to use an intelligence test, a person should make sure that the test has been adequately developed and has solid research to show its reliability and validity. additionally, psychometric testing requires a clinically trained examiner. therefore, the test should only be administered and interpreted by a trained professional. a central criticism of intelligence tests is that psychologists and educators use these tests to distribute the limited resources of our society. these test results are used to provide rewards such as special classes for gifted students, admission to college, and employment. those who do not qualify for these resources based on intelligence test scores may feel angry and as if the tests are denying them opportunities for success. unfortunately, intelligence test scores have not only become associated with a person ' s ability to perform certain tasks, but with self - worth. many people are under the false assumption that intelligence tests measure a person ' s inborn or biological intelligence. intelligence tests are based on an individual ' s interaction with the environment and never exclusively measure inborn intelligence. intelligence tests have been associated with categorizing and stereotyping people. additionally, knowledge of one ' s performance on an intelligence test may affect a person ' s aspirations and motivation to obtain goals. intelligence tests can be culturally biased against certain groups. when taking an intelligence test, a person can expect to do a variety of tasks. these tasks may include having to answer questions that are asked verbally, doing mathematical problems, and doing a variety of tasks that require eye - hand coordination. some tasks may be timed and require the person to work as quickly as possible. typically, most questions and tasks start out easy and progressively get more difficult. it is unusual for anyone to know the answer to all of the questions or be able to complete all of the tasks. if a person


person to work as quickly as possible. typically, most questions and tasks start out easy and progressively get more difficult. it is unusual for anyone to know the answer to all of the questions or be able to complete all of the tasks. if a person is unsure of an answer, guessing is usually allowed. the four most commonly used intelligence tests are : - stanford - binet intelligence scales - wechsler - adult intelligence scale - wechsler intelligence scale for children - wechsler primary & preschool scale of intelligence in general, intelligence tests measure a wide variety of human behaviors better than any other measure that has been developed. they allow professionals to have a uniform way of comparing a person ' s performance with that of other people who are similar in age. these tests also provide information on cultural and biological differences among people. intelligence tests are excellent predictors of academic achievement and provide an outline of a person ' s mental strengths and weaknesses. many times the scores have revealed talents in many people, which have led to an improvement in their educational opportunities. teachers, parents, and psychologists are able to devise individual curricula that matches a person ' s level of development and expectations. some researchers argue that intelligence tests have serious shortcomings. for example, many intelligence tests produce a single intelligence score. this single score is often inadequate in explaining the multidimensional aspects of intelligence. another problem with a single score is the fact that individuals with similar intelligence test scores can vary greatly in their expression of these talents. it is important to know the person ' s performance on the various subtests that make up the overall intelligence test score. knowing the performance on these various scales can influence the understanding of a person ' s abilities and how these abilities are expressed. for example, two people have identical scores on intelligence tests. although both people have the same test score, one person may have obtained the score because of strong verbal skills while the other may have obtained the score because of strong skills in perceiving and organizing various tasks. furthermore, intelligence tests only measure a sample of behaviors or situations in which intelligent behavior is revealed. for instance, some intelligence tests do not measure a person ' s everyday functioning, social knowledge, mechanical skills, and / or creativity. along with this, the formats of many intelligence tests do not capture the complexity and immediacy of real - life situations. therefore, intelligence tests have been criticized for their limited ability to predict non - test or nonacademic intellectual abilities. since intelligence test scores can be influenced by a variety of


do not capture the complexity and immediacy of real - life situations. therefore, intelligence tests have been criticized for their limited ability to predict non - test or nonacademic intellectual abilities. since intelligence test scores can be influenced by a variety of different experiences and behaviors, they should not be considered a perfect indicator of a person ' s intellectual potential. the person ' s raw scores on an intelligence test are typically converted to standard scores. the standard kaufman, alan, s., and elizabeth o. lichtenberger. assessing adolescent and adult intelligence. boston : allyn and bacon, 2001. matarazzo, j. d. wechsler ' s measurement and appraisal of adult intelligence. 5th ed. new york : oxford university press, 1972. sattler, jerome m. " issues related to the measurement and change of intelligence. " in assessment of children : cognitive applications. 4th ed. san diego : jerome m. sattler, publisher, inc., 2001. sattler, jerome m. and lisa weyandt. " specific learning disabilities. " in assessment of children : behavioral and clinical applications. 4th ed. written by jerome m. sattler. san diego : jerome m. sattler, publisher, inc., 2002. keith beard, psy. d.


the loss of hair comes naturally with age and many people suffer from this. natural hair loss can be attributed to genes ; in other words it can be hereditary. however, recently people are noticing rapid hair loss in patches and it looks ugly in the mirror. this ailment which is known as alopecia ; affects both genders without disdain, children and teenagers are no exception to it. this disease is a major cause of depression and anxiety and takes its toll emotionally ; especially amongst teenagers. this ailment is such that it can transpire on any part of the human body where there is hair, even the pubic region ; though it is a temporary condition in many cases. nonetheless, if left untreated the malady can become permanent. - in men this ailment is known as androgenetic alopecia and teenager are very vulnerable to it. - the female form of this ailment also goes by the same name and if it transpires then it looks very repulsive ; however it is a rarity. - the permanent hairloss in this ailment is known as cicatricial alopecia or scarring alopecia. the loss of hair in any particular region is permanent as the follicles are destroyed and a patch takes it place. short lived hair loss - - this type of hair loss or alopecia is known as areata monolocularis and can transpire in any hairy part of the body. however, if hair loss is experienced in the whole the condition is called alopecia universals. - if there is a hindrance in the normal growth cycle of the hair the hairloss condition is known as telogen effluvium and this sort of a condition comes suddenly. - women who indulge in various hair styles suffer from a condition called traction alopecia ; so it advised not to tie tight ponytails and other such hair styles where the hair is stretched or pulled. there are other reasons which give impetus to hairloss and they are prolonged medication, improper nutrition, chemotherapy and ringworms. the symptoms of this ailment are quite conspicuous and genetic history also contributes towards it. however, a doctor can determine this only after checking your fallen hair. the tests which can confirm your ailment are as given below - - you need to pull your hair and see how many have been pulled out from the roots and them get checked in a laboratory. - a sample of the skin tissue needs to be checked. - if


confirm your ailment are as given below - - you need to pull your hair and see how many have been pulled out from the roots and them get checked in a laboratory. - a sample of the skin tissue needs to be checked. - if skin tissue test shows a negative result, then the only option is a punch biopsy ; this involves the testing of the deeper part of your skin. - a screening test helps in removing all doubts. though, there is no known alopecia treatment and about half of the patients tend to grow back their hair in a year ’ s time without treatment and the remaining 10 % need medical supervision. certain natural and at times holistic alopecia treatments have shown good results ; to know more about them read on. henna paste promotes hair growth, so it is advised to use henna paste for alopecia treatment. the usage of chemical products may have an adverse affect, so avoid them. the other herbs which have shown their efficacy in treating this ailment are xanthoxylum clavaheculis, ginko biloba and romarinus offinale as they help in increasing the circulation of the blood of the scalp, thus giving impetus to hair growth. the herbs which stimulate the hair follicles and encourage hair growth include avena sativa and a herb called echinacea. - unique post


anise ( pimpinella anisum, linn. ), an annual herb of the natural order umbelliferæ. it is a native of southwestern asia, northern africa and south - eastern europe, whence it has been introduced by man throughout the mediterranean region, into germany, and to some extent into other temperate regions of both hemispheres, but seems not to be known anywhere in the wild state or as an escape from gardens. to judge from its mention in the scriptures ( matthew xxiii, 23 ), it was highly valued as a cultivated crop prior to our era, not only in palestine, but elsewhere in the east. many greek and roman authors, especially dioscorides, theophrastus, pliny and paladius, wrote more or less fully of its cultivation and uses. anise in flower and in fruit from their days to the present it seems to have enjoyed general popularity. in the ninth century, charlemagne commanded that it be grown upon the imperial farms ; in the thirteenth, albertus magnus speaks highly of it ; and since then many agricultural writers have devoted attention to it. but though it has been cultivated for at least two thousand years and is now extensively grown in malta, spain, southern france, russia, germany and india, which mainly supply the market, it seems not to have developed any improved varieties. description. — its roots are white, spindle - shaped and rather fibrous ; its stems about 18 inches tall, branchy, erect, slender, cylindrical ; its root leaves lobed somewhat like those of celery ; its stem leaves more and more finely cut toward the upper part of the stem, near the top of which they resemble fennel leaves in their finely divided segments ; its flowers yellowish white, small, rather large, in loose umbels consisting of many umbellets ; its fruits ( " seeds " ) greenish - gray, small, ovoid or oblong in outline, longitudinally furrowed and ridged on the convex side, very aromatic, sweetish and pleasantly piquant. cultivation. — the seeds, which should be as fresh as possible, never more than two years old, should be sown in permanent quarters as soon as the weather becomes settled in early spring. they should be ½ inch deep, about ½ inch asunder, in drills 15 or 18 inches apart, and the plants thinned when about 2 inches tall to stand 6 inches asunder. an ounce of seed should plant about 150 feet of drill. the plants, which


inch deep, about ½ inch asunder, in drills 15 or 18 inches apart, and the plants thinned when about 2 inches tall to stand 6 inches asunder. an ounce of seed should plant about 150 feet of drill. the plants, which do not transplant readily, thrive best in well - drained, light, rich, rather dry, loamy soils well exposed to the sun. a light application of well - rotted manure, careful preparation of the ground, clean and frequent cultivation, are the only requisites in the management of this crop. in about four months from the sowing of the seed, and in about one month from the appearance of the flowers, the plants may be pulled, or preferably cut, for drying. the climate and the soils in the warmer parts of the northern states appear to be favorable to the commercial cultivation of anise, which it seems should prove a profitable crop under proper management. uses. — the leaves are frequently employed as a garnish, for flavoring salads, and to a small extent as potherbs. far more general, however, is the use of the seeds, which enter as a flavoring into various condiments, especially curry powders, many kinds of cake, pastry, and confectionery and into some kinds of cheese and bread. anise oil is extensively employed for flavoring many beverages both alcoholic and non - spirituous and for disguising the unpleasant flavors of various drugs. the seeds are also ground and compounded with other fragrant materials for making sachet powders, and the oil mixed with other fluids for liquid perfumes. various similar anise combinations are largely used inperfuming soaps, pomatums and other toilet articles. the very volatile, nearly colorless oil is usually obtained by distillation with water, about 50 pounds of seed being required to produce one pound of oil. at erfurt, germany, where much of the commercial oil is made, the " hay " and the seeds are both used for distilling. from the heritage herbs collection by m. g. kains, american agriculturist, 1912. | < prev | | next > | free herb tips & stories a simple and quick way to get... certifed family herbalist, ca... we videotaped brian kramer,... composting is pretty simple,... the advantages of no - till gar... thank you for your interest in herbfest


before you turn up the thermostat to ward off the winter chill that ’ s creeping into your house, take these simple, inexpensive steps to make your home more comfortable and energy efficient. if you ’ re like most folks, the majority of your energy dollars go toward heating and cooling your home. according to the u. s. department of energy ( doe ), the average u. s. family spends about us $ 1, 500 per year on home energy, a figure that will probably rise beyond us $ 2, 000 this year due to increasing natural gas and electricity prices. the good news is that because heating and cooling is the biggest chunk of energy usage, is it also the place where you can make the biggest impact. think of it as an insurance policy against continually rising fuel prices. as prices continue to escalate, your savings become more and more significant. when addressing home energy use, most people go for the most visible and dramatic improvements, like replacing old furnaces and windows. but investments such as these are often not the most cost - effective places to start. in many cases, the less obvious ( and less expensive ) fixes like weatherstripping and insulating offer considerable upfront savings — in money and energy. heating and cooling costs are largely influenced by two factors — infiltration ( air movement into and out of the house ) and insulation. controlling infiltration is really the first step to improve the energy efficiency of your home. according to the rocky mountain institute, the average u. s. home has enough holes, cracks, and crevices in it to make up the equivalent of a 16 - square - foot hole in the wall. air leakage accounts for 25 to 40 percent ( or more ) of heating and cooling bills, so you can save big by doing a thorough job of buttoning up your home. once air leakage is controlled, insulation can help to further reduce your bills. air sealing priorities. people are often quick to notice minor air leaks in their home, such as those around doors and windows, or through fireplaces and chimneys. but these easy - to - spot leaks are not always the worst offenders in terms of energy efficiency or indoor air quality issues. air also can enter your home from other, often unheated, parts of the house, such as attics, basements, or crawl spaces. besides allowing outside air in, these areas can foster moisture development in wall cavities as air travels from cooler to warmer areas. these less - obvious leaks are driven by


of the house, such as attics, basements, or crawl spaces. besides allowing outside air in, these areas can foster moisture development in wall cavities as air travels from cooler to warmer areas. these less - obvious leaks are driven by the “ stack effect ” — the tendency for warm air to rise and cool air to fall. since you only need to stop an air leak at one end, the attic is often the best place to start with your air - sealing activities. before you add insulation, seal openings around : • plumbing vent stacks and pipes • electrical, plumbing, and chimney chases • open tops of interior wall partitions • attic hatches • gaps around penetrations for any mechanical equipment ( ductwork, air handlers, etc. ) • recessed lighting. most recessed lights are designed to be cooled by air movement, so they cannot be sealed or come into contact with insulation without potentially overheating. replace them with ic - rated ( insulation - contact ) fixtures. if that is not possible, seal the lights between the fixtures and the ceiling openings. • bath fans. these often pump more warm air into the attic than to the outdoors. this can lead to major moisture problems in the attic or ice damming along the eaves, which can force moisture up under the shingles, causing water leaks.


introduction and installation of php what is php? php is an acronym for hypertext preprocessor. it is a dynamic server side scripting language that allows an application developer to create very simple to very complex mechanisms for the web. think of php as the brain and central nervous system behind your applications. php code can be directly mingled in with your html page content as long as the page has a. php extension ( mypage. php ). or it can be scripts and class files placed on server and connected to your front - end files. any html file you have can be turned into a php file and php script will run inside it. why learn php? - relatively easy to learn and understand - processes data fast and dynamically - most dynamic web applications being made today have a php core ( brain ) - free open source technology - sports over 700 built - in functions that are ready to automate your programming tasks - works very well with mysql databases ( php + mysql are married ) - create and populate xml files using php - communicates with flash ( back and forth ) - time and date functions - mathematics to cover any need - can be used to create complete social networks, and online forums - parse file uploads - processes online forms and sends emails - imaging libraries - resize images on the fly, create shapes and colors on the fly out of nowhere - create files and directory folders out of thin air - create multidimensional data arrays, data looping, and deep data parsing - huge free online resource databases for classes and functions - the list goes on and on and on … …. who is using php in the programming of their website or applications? • develop php • zen cart • web intersect and hundreds of thousands more usually any time you can interact with a website in any way, php is doing its thing behind the scenes there. php blends well into other useful programming languages you have two options to enable yourself to work with php. 1. build and test on your web server ( easy ) most people starting in php development already have a web server online. simply create your. php files, ftp them into your web directory and the server will parse them for you automatically. most web hosts offer php support, and if your host does not, consider switching to a better one. if you do not have a web server online yet, buy a domain name for about $ 10 and set up a free or paid hosting account for that domain name. be sure to


catacombs are believed to have been used as burial chambers, worship area and refuge by persecuted christians / jews starting from the second century a. d. jewish catacombs, discovered in 1918, make part of the belowground graves enriched by frescoes. the catacombs in rome cover many kilometers and some are four storeys below ground zero. they contain slots carved into walls, carvings, passageways, worship halls and / or frescoes. paintings found in this below ground complex narrate biblical stories of both old and new testaments or simply religious symbols. catacombs of domitilla, for example, spread over 15 kilometers of underground caves and are rome ’ s oldest underground burial complex still containing bones. some of the catacombs in rome are : marcellinus and peter, commodilla, generosa, praetextatus, priscilla, san callisto, san lorenzo, san pancrazio, san sebastiano, san valentino, sant ’ agnese, jewish and so on. to visit the san callisto, the most famous of all catacombs, take bus 218 from san giovanni metro a. for the jewish catacomb, get off at metro b policlinico and walk to villa torlonia. for more detailed info about catacombs or elsewhere in rome please stay in hotel des artistes and you will enjoy complete instructions at reception.


a thermostat is a device that regulates the temperature of a home at a desired setpoint. an added feature is a programmable thermostat which can be programmed for different temperatures throughout the day. an example would be programming the thermostat to reduce heat from 8 : 00 to 4 : 00 when the home owner is at work. this can help save in gas or electricity. 2 ) air conditioning unit an air conditioner is an appliance used to extract heat from an area using a refrigerant. with the high efficiency ruud air conditioning unit a home owner can save money on cooling. a heat pump is a reversible outdoor system that allows the home owner to heat their house in the winter and cool their house in the summer. heat pumps are equipped with a reversing valve and optimized heat exchanger to allow the machine to draw heat out of the air for heating a home. a furnace is a device used to heat your home. the ruud high efficiency line of furnaces can save homeowners money on their heating bill. the case coil allows for the air conditioning unit or the heat pump unit to transfer its heating and cooling options into the house. the furnace blows air through the coils on the case coil which are filled with freon allowing for heating or cooling to take place depending on the unit used. a plenum heater used in conjunction with a heat pump unit can heat the whole house in a very efficient and compatible system. the plenum heater is a heating system that uses electrical currents to heat coils which in turn heat your home. a humidifier increases the humidity ( moisture ) levels in the house in the winter causing the air to seem warmer, thus saving the home owner money on heating bills. the furnace filter purifies the air flowing through the system of the household. this allows the home owner to have cleaner air to breathe. 9 ) supply air duct / return air duct the supply air duct and the return air duct supply and return the air flowing through the system. 10 ) heat recovery ventilator ( hrv ) hrv ' s are fresh air exchange appliances. they take fresh air from the outside and supply it to the house. it in turn takes the stale air out of the house and controls the humidity levels to minimize heat loss. the boiler system allows home owners the ability to heat water for radiant in - floor heating systems. the comicor water heater can be used to heat the radiant in - floor and the


of the house and controls the humidity levels to minimize heat loss. the boiler system allows home owners the ability to heat water for radiant in - floor heating systems. the comicor water heater can be used to heat the radiant in - floor and the domestic water for the house. floor joists support the secondary floor from collapsing in and provide a great backer for the subflooring. subflooring is a floor that goes over the floor joist. this subfloor is an excellent source to staple the tubing to. hepex tubing is the tubing used to run the radiant in - floor heating system. the water mixture runs through these tubes to heat the floor and the house. foam allows for the radiant in - floor heat to be transferred to the surface instead of being lost into the ground. the sealant seals the wood to help the heat radiate up to the surface to keep your feet warm. 6 ) concrete / light weight gypsumcrete this substance covers the tubing and provides a solid base on the main level and the secondary levels. adhesives are used to glue the flooring to the concrete or light weight gypsumcrete. this is the finished product after everything is done with the in - floor heat. rebar is an excellent source to tie the hepex tubing down so it does not float up through the concrete.


home | laws | organizations | cases | legislation | headlines renovations in the new cumberland, pennsylvania, public library caused a stir in the local home school community because of a new mural that some home schoolers found offensive. according to whtm news, dawn gribb, the artist who painted the mural, was trying to " do something to get the kids to go down to the children ' s room. " she painted children running around in a park, each child having the name of a local school on his or her t - shirt. the one student in the painting, who had " home schooled " on his shirt, was a young boy sitting on a bench with a " wet paint " sign on it. gribb says that she was trying to portray a young toddler who couldn ' t yet read. local home schoolers, however, were offended, believing that the mural implied that home schooled children cannot read well. many called the library or local media to complain. after the controversy erupted, the new cumberland public library asked gribb to paint over the offending shirt. the library board president, elizabeth stone, told whtm that home schoolers are a big part of the library, and that new cumberland library actually arranges special programs just for them. home schoolers working together with state organizations and home school legal defense association have fought legal and cultural discrimination for years. if your family experiences legal difficulties because of your home schooling, please feel free to contact us for assistance.