investment totalled $ 67 million and was spread over four areas : workplace, university innovation, society, and environment. sixteen million ( or some 24 percent ) of this amount was invested under the society heading and went to youth organizations such as the boys and girls clubs of canada and allo prof ; the united way ; and other community development. the company ' s support of the bell university labs and other research and development activities came to $ 5. 4 million and is intended to support goals such as increased innovation activities in western and atlantic canada. bce ' s csr efforts are company - wide and funds come from corporate sources as well as employee contributions, either through donations or volunteering. see also toronto feature : 299 queen street west. author robert e. babe rev : sasha yusufali links to other sites bell canada ' s website for consumer products and services. keys to history search this " keys to history " website for fascinating online exhibits about notable people, places, and events in canadian history. from montreal ' s mccord museum. the online home of tmx group, which owns and operates the toronto stock exchange and the tsx venture exchange. for real - time and historical market data, sector profiles, and financial information about listed companies, click on listed company directory on left side of page or enter stock symbol in the search box. the corporate website for bce, canada ' s largest communications company. a bilingual glossary of frequently used terms and industry acronyms used in the wireless telecommunications industry. system for electronic document analysis and retrieval search the sedar online database for disclosure documents of canadian public companies and mutual funds. from the canadian securities administrators. bell acquires all of virgin mobile canada a cbc news story about bell canada ' s acquisition of virgin mobile canada. search the reuters website for the latest news and reports about specific canadian companies and business sectors. canada ' s bell to acquire astral media for c $ 3 billion a reuters news story about the purchase of astral media by bce inc, parent of bell canada, said to be a move to expand bell ' s business activity in the province of quebec.


this year, the concrete producer, with our sister publication, concrete construction, introduced the greensite project of the year con contest honoring the concrete community ' s efforts to promote concrete ' s role in creating eco - friendly structures that will stand the test of time. the name “ greensite ” reflects the innovative processes and materials that create a green building project, many of which are invisible in the final product. for instance, visitors to the aldo leopold legacy center in wisconsin breathe air that is pretreated by an underground concrete pipe ventilation system. meanwhile, in philadelphia, lightweight carboncast walls protect residents of the symphony house condominiums from the elements, while using less energy and fewer materials than traditional concrete panels. tcp ' s 2008 greensite winners each represent a different category : institutional, commercial, multifamily, residential, and high - rise. for more details and photos of each project, click here. to learn how to participate in next year ' s greensite project of the year, click here. institutionalgrand rapids art museum grand rapids, mich. when planning for the new grand rapids art museum, project officials and donors decided to pursue leadership in energy and environmental design ( leed ) certification “ with a vengeance, ” to make it the world ' s first newly built, leed - certified art museum. they eventually exceeded this goal with a gold level certification by incorporating green design elements and sustainable building materials. concrete was an important contributor to the project ' s sustainability and design flexibility. of the many elements brought to life in this 135, 000 - square - foot building, the architectural concrete exterior stands out as one of its most beautiful components. at the same time, the museum ' s 12 - inch - thick, cast - in - place concrete walls optimize energy use by keeping the building warm or cold. inside, exposed concrete walls feature tie holes aligned in rows and columns, and defined corners and reveals. a sequence of 177 separate architectural concrete pours led to a one - of - a - kind forming system. the forms, which called for sharp corners, needed to be watertight around the tie holes and edges. each pour had zero tolerance for rework, since patches were not allowed. concrete also helped meet leed material requirements because much of it came from local sources, requiring less energy in transportation. the museum ' s 20, 000 yards of 4000 to 6000 psi concrete contained 3 % recycled content and 100 % regional materials. other items that contribute to the sustainable quality of the museum include extensive use of natural


an ancient christian writer wrote that, " of all divine things, the most divine is to share with god in the saving of souls. " interestingly, god and souls was the motto of st. maria faustina kowalska, whose revelations in the 1930s led to the modern divine mercy movement. our lord asked st. faustina to pray and offer the chaplet of the divine mercy for sinners and the dying, saying : pray as much as you can for the dying. by your entreaties [ that is, insistent prayers ], obtain for them trust in my mercy, because they have most need of trust, and have it the least. be assured that the grace of eternal salvation for certain souls in their final moment depends on your prayer. you know the whole abyss of my mercy, so draw upon it for yourself and especially for poor sinners. sooner would heaven and earth turn into nothingness than would my mercy not embrace a trusting soul. " ( diary of st. faustina, 1777 ) saint faustina was often given the grace to know when a certain dying person desired or needed prayer ; she would be alerted to the moment, by her guardian angel or by our lord himself. at those times she would pray until she no longer felt the need to pray, or a sense of peace came upon her, or she learned that the person had died, or heard the soul say, " thank you! " she wrote : " oh, dying souls are in such great need of prayer! o jesus, inspire souls to pray often for the dying " ( diary, 1015 ). one of the best means of assisting the dying is the one that jesus revealed to st. faustina and insisted that she use often, even continuously : the chaplet of the divine mercy. jesus said, " my daughter, encourage souls to say the chaplet which i have given to you. it pleases me to grant everything they ask of me by saying the chaplet.... write that when they say this chaplet in the presence of the dying, i will stand between my father and the dying person, not as the just judge but as the merciful savior " ( diary, 1541 ). earlier, our lord said to her, " at the hour of their death, i defend as my own glory every soul that will say this chaplet ; or when others say it for a dying person, the indulgence is the same " ( diary, 811 ). what if the


the hour of their death, i defend as my own glory every soul that will say this chaplet ; or when others say it for a dying person, the indulgence is the same " ( diary, 811 ). what if the person prays from a distance? saint faustina had a love for the sick and dying, and she prayed for them with great fervor. the following experiences recorded in her diary make it clear that one does not have to be at the bedside physically. she wrote, " it sometimes happens that the dying person is in the second or third building away, yet for the spirit, space does not exist. it sometimes happens that i know about a death occurring several hundred kilometers away. this has happened several times with regard to my family and relatives and also sisters in religion, and even souls whom i have not known during their lifetime " ( diary, 835 ). our lord said to st. faustina, " ' my daughter, help me to save a certain dying sinner. say the chaplet that i have taught you for him. ' when i began to say the chaplet, i saw the man dying in the midst of terrible torment and struggle. his guardian angel was defending him, but he was, as it were, powerless against the enormity of the soul ' s misery. a multitude of devils was waiting for the soul. but while i was saying the chaplet, i saw jesus just as he is depicted in the image. the rays which issued from jesus ' heart enveloped the sick man, and the powers of darkness fled in panic. the sick man peacefully breathed his last. when i came to myself, i understood how very important the chaplet was for the dying. it appeases the anger of god " ( diary, 1565 ). these words are particularly relevant for members of the eucharistic apostles of the divine mercy ( eadm ) and all eucharistic adorers. in chapels throughout the world, they are reciting or praying the chaplet for the sick and dying, and are part of an international registry established by the ministry. we currently have more than 400 chapels worldwide praying the chaplet of the divine mercy hourly during eucharistic adoration for the sick and dying. this includes 14 cloistered convents of poor clares in india and bangladesh. moreover, on the occasion of the great jubilee of the year 2000, the holy father, pope john paul ii, by a personally


##oration for the sick and dying. this includes 14 cloistered convents of poor clares in india and bangladesh. moreover, on the occasion of the great jubilee of the year 2000, the holy father, pope john paul ii, by a personally signed parchment, imparted a special apostolic blessing " to all the faithful, who during adoration of our most merciful savior in the most blessed sacrament of the altar will be praying the divine mercy chaplet for the sick and for those throughout the world who will be dying in that hour. " a copy of the blessing is available for chapels whose adorers pray for the sick and dying. in addition, on the feast of the incarnation in 2003, pope john paul ii imparted a special apostolic blessing to all the faithful worldwide who pray the chaplet at any time and any place for pro - life causes : for mothers contemplating abortion ; for infants dying in the womb ; for victims of stem cell research, genetic manipulation, euthanasia ; and for all elected officials that they promote a culture of life. so it is most appropriate that people worldwide pray a chaplet for all those dying, as well as for all the pro - life causes. for more information, call the eucharistic apostles of the divine mercy ( eadm ) at 1 - 877 - 380 - 0727. dr. bryan thatcher, md, is the founder and director of eucharistic apostles of the divine mercy ( eadm ). he travels the world promoting the eucharist, prayer cenacles, and the message of divine mercy as a " way of life. " learn more about eadm.


a common claim is that were we to experience miracles on the scale of the exodus, then belief in god would be an altogether easier proposition. the problem is that the biblical text simply does not bear this out. parashat beshallach neatly divides into two. before the crossing of the red sea, the children of israel display a sublime faith, the pinnacle being the ecstatic tones of the song of moses. yet no sooner have they scaled these dizzy spiritual heights, they descend into a litany of complaints about water, food and how good life was back in egypt. how can this incongruity be explained? faith is an art form. it is something which is acquired over a period of time and requires practice. it is not something that can be superimposed from without. when the children of israel expressed their faith in god at the seam, it was heartfelt and spontaneous, borne of a sense of overwhelming awe and gratitude. but it was also skin - deep and unsustainable. this phenomemon was to repeat itself with the rapid transition from acceptance of the sinaitic covenant with the immortal words, “ we shall do and understand ”, to the ignominy of the golden calf. clearly, wondrous events are no guarantee for long term faith. indeed, much of jewish history has been void of open miracles, but this did not prevent many generations of jews from exhibiting remarkable levels of devotion and commitment, arising daily to perform the will of the creator with lion - like strength. real faith is not to be found in a fleeting moment of divine majesty, but in the quotidian tasks performed by ordinary people.


the memory factory : the forgotten women artists of vienna 1900 the memory factory : the forgotten women artists of vienna 1900 ( paperback ) the memory factory introduces an english - speaking public to the significant women artists of vienna at the turn of the twentieth century, each chosen for her aesthetic innovations and participation in public exhibitions. these women played important public roles as exhibiting artists, both individually and in collectives, but this history has been silenced over time. their stories show that the city of vienna was contradictory and cosmopolitan : despite men - only policies in its main art institutions, it offered a myriad of unexpected ways for women artists to forge successful public careers. women artists came from the provinces, russia, and germany to participate in its vibrant art scene. however, and especially because so many of the artists were jewish, their contributions were actively obscured beginning in the late 1930s. many had to flee austria, losing their studios and lifework in the process. some were killed in concentration camps. along with the stories of individual women artists, the author reconstructs the history of separate women artists ’ associations and their exhibitions. chapters covering the careers of tina blau, elena luksch - makowsky, bronica koller, helene funke, and teresa ries ( among others ) point to a more integrated and cosmopolitan art world than previously thought ; one where women became part of the avant - garde, accepted and even highlighted in major exhibitions at the secession and with the klimt group. “ this is an excellent addition to the literature on fin - de - sicle vienna, well - researched and well - argued. it highlights little - known artists and situates them in a novel interpretation of women ’ s roles in the art world. the author challenges dominant tropes of feminist historiography and thus sheds new light on twentieth - century art history and historiography. ” — michael gubser, james madison university the art blog [ theartblog. org, june 24, 2012, by andrea kirsch ] it ’ s remarkable that recent scholarship can force significant reconsideration of an artistic culture as well - studied as that of vienna around 1900, but that ’ s what julie m. johnson ’ s work has done. as such, it will be required reading for anyone interested in vienna ’ s turn - of - the - century art and art institutions, particularly the schools and the artists ’ associations and unions – which functioned much as today ’ s artists ’ collectives and artist - run spaces. it is also an important contribution


in vienna ’ s turn - of - the - century art and art institutions, particularly the schools and the artists ’ associations and unions – which functioned much as today ’ s artists ’ collectives and artist - run spaces. it is also an important contribution to women ’ s studies and to the historiography of art, for it documents a group of women artists who were active in vienna ’ s art world around 1900 but were entirely written out of later historical accounts. based upon intensive archival research, johnson demonstrates that, unlike the better - studied situation in paris, women in vienna had access to art education, and while they were barred from official membership in the major artists ’ unions, that didn ’ t keep those same groups from exhibiting their work.... johnson devotes serious attention to critical discussions about women artists and the problem of their place in the established story of patrilineal artistic development. she is equally interested in the erasure of their history after world war ii, and makes use of recent scholarship about memory to analyze how a group of artists so broadly involved with vienna ’ s artistic life around 1900 could be forgotten.... purdue university press is to be congratulated for publishing this book through its series on central european studies. it is extensively illustrated with works by the women artists and their male colleagues as well as with many valuable views of exhibition installations, showing the women ’ s work in situ. the vienna review [ may 2012 by kate ferguson ] in the memory factory, julie johnson digs into the archives to reveal an astonishing picture of these women artists thriving in fin - de - siecle vienna.... johnson writes crisply with none of the pretensions common in academia and progresses neatly between telling the individual stories of five women artists ( chapters 1 - 5 ) and examining in greater detail the culture in which they first flourished and were later obscured ( chapters 6 - 8 ). llustrations of paintings and sculptures, distributed generously throughout, inject life into the stories behind them. woman ' s art journal [ volume 34 # 1, by megan brandow - faller "... rich in documentation as it is in theory, secondary literature, and high - quality black - and - white and color illustrations of both well - known and marginalized works by women artists. johnson ’ s groundbreaking work raises many new questions not only relevant to studies of viennese modernism, but to scholars interested in women and modernism more broadly. ” about the author ( s ) : julie m. johnson teaches contemporary and


fighting between government troops and guerrillas had broken out around the 4 - year - old girl ' s family home in the countryside of this central american country. the soldiers took advantage of the confusion and seized contreras and her two siblings, who were under the age of 2. " we all fled the house and suddenly it all ended because they captured us and our parents disappeared, " said contreras, now 35 and living in neighboring guatemala. contreras was just one of hundreds of children who disappeared under a variety of circumstances during el salvador ' s brutal, 13 - year civil war, which left some 75, 000 people dead and thousands more missing. in most cases, the parents have yet to find out what happened to their children, while a few hundred of the missing have been identified after giving investigators dna samples and other evidence. now, a human rights group, probusqueda, is uncovering another macabre, and mostly unknown twist to the tragedy. in contreras ' and at least nine other cases, low - to - mid - ranking soldiers abducted children in what an international court says was a " systematic pattern of forced disappearances. " some of the soldiers raised the children as their own, while others gave them away or sold them to lucrative illegal adoption networks. in contreras ' case, an army private spirited her away, raped her and gave her the crimes make el salvador the second latin american country proven to engage in such child abductions during internal cold war - era conflicts. argentina ' s military kidnapped hundreds of children of political opponents, and the prosecution of those responsible three decades later led to the indictment of top officers, including army gen. jorge rafael videla, then - head of argentina ' s military junta. no one has revealed the full scope of the child abductions in el salvador. the number of confirmed abductions will likely rise if the country ' s defense department makes public files from the civil war era. contreras and the families of five other victims of military abductions successfully sued their government in the inter - american court of human rights, demanding the military release more information. three years later, the military hasn ' t turned over the requested files and the mostly retired officers suspected of adopting stolen children have refused dna tests. " without those files we can ' t say this or that officer is responsible, " said the country ' s attorney general, oscar luna. president mauricio funes has tried to made amends for some civil war - era crimes, said probusqueda


files we can ' t say this or that officer is responsible, " said the country ' s attorney general, oscar luna. president mauricio funes has tried to made amends for some civil war - era crimes, said probusqueda director maria ester alvarenga. the president belongs to the farabundo marti national liberation front party, which began as the guerrilla force battling el salvador ' s u. s. - backed government, and could be expected to pursue such prosecutions. " but it ' s surprising to me that he isn ' t making the military archives available, " alvarenga said. " i ' m frustrated that nothing ' s been done at these levels. " military officials refused to talk to the associated press about the cases, despite repeated requests for a meeting. spokeswoman vilma quintanilla told the ap, " the request is in the hands of the chiefs, but still i don ' t have a response. " several latin american countries have hit stiff opposition from the military when they ' ve tried to prosecute soldiers and officers for human rights abuses. in the cases of argentina and chile, prosecutors have succeeded in indicting and jailing top officials. in el salvador, alvarenga said, the military " is a real power. " so far, the initial investigations have hinted at the possible enormity of the abuses. over the past 20 years, probusqueda has received 921 reports of children who went missing during the war, with many killed in combat and others orphaned when their parents died. the human rights group has identified the parents of 382 of the missing through dna tests, and of those, 235 have reunited with their families. another 95 are waiting to meet their parents, while 52 have been found dead. the majority of the cases, 529, remain unsolved. a government missing - persons commission created in 2010 by order of the inter - american court has also received 203 reports of missing children, with some of those cases likely duplicating probusqueda ' s. just last year, the commission investigated 124 cases and found 15 of the missing. two of the children were located in italy, and another was in the united states. investigators found the corpses of eight children who had been killed and buried during the war. according to contreras and other sources, she, her siblings and nine other children were seized in 1982 as the u. s. - trained anti - guerrilla atlacatl battalion


of eight children who had been killed and buried during the war. according to contreras and other sources, she, her siblings and nine other children were seized in 1982 as the u. s. - trained anti - guerrilla atlacatl battalion clashed with rebels. a helicopter took away the boys, while the girls were driven away in trucks. army pvt. miguel angel molina ended up with contreras and later registered her as his own daughter in the western salvadoran town of santa ana, according to the inter - american court, which also found that he had raped her. " ( the situation ) put her in a state of extreme vulnerability that aggravated her suffering, acts of violence that she suffered during almost 10 years, that is to say, between the ages of 4 until 14 years, " the court ruling says. molina later committed suicide. the court found the salvadoran government was responsible for the abductions of not just contreras but also of her two siblings — serapio cristian, who was 20 months old at the time of his kidnapping, and julia ines contreras, who was 4 months old. the court also found the government responsible for the abductions of three other children who were between the ages of 3 and 14. " that soldier stole everything from me, " contreras said. " he took away my parents, he took away my siblings, he took away my identity. i couldn ' t live like a girl because he never gave me the love of a father and he was always abusing me, even raping me. i was only 10 - years old and i couldn ' t do anything. " victims and investigators said justice won ' t be completely served until el salvador ' s government carries out the entirety of the court ' s orders. that includes accepting responsibility for the abductions of contreras and the five others mentioned in the court ruling, and investigating those believed responsible. el salvador has also been ordered to locate the four in the group of missing still unaccounted for, provide medical and psychological support to the victims, issue a public apology, name schools after those abducted and open government archives about the history. in an oct. 29 ceremony attended by contreras, then - foreign minister martinez hugo martinez fulfilled part of the order. he asked for forgiveness from " hundreds of salvadoran families who were victims of the forced disappearances of boys and girls " and " who suffered the infinite pain of being hit by the disappearances of their most beloved and vulnerable people. "


the order. he asked for forgiveness from " hundreds of salvadoran families who were victims of the forced disappearances of boys and girls " and " who suffered the infinite pain of being hit by the disappearances of their most beloved and vulnerable people. " yet contreras ' sister has never been found, and despite promises by the country ' s foreign ministry to name schools after victims, it hasn ' t indicated when it will start doing that. the armed forces remain the chief obstacle to justice, said miguel montenegro, director of the nonprofit human rights commission. " here, there ' s a strong power, a power exercised by old members of the armed forces, " montenegro said. for contreras, the quest for truth has been long, bitter and incomplete. she eventually escaped molina and stayed with one of his relatives. with the help of another of molina ' s relatives, contreras settled in guatemala. her parents found her in 2006 after they appealed to guatemalan officials and probusqueda. just recently, she reunited with her brother, who was also abducted and given to a soldier ' s relative. she ' s started her own family. but contreras remains distant from her parents and has yet to find her sister. " i recovered my identity, " contreras said. " the other gregoria doesn ' t exist. i have my husband and my children. i don ' t want anything more. "


rome, ga. — martin cipollini, professor of biology at berry college, has been working in partnership with the georgia chapter of the american chestnut foundation to restore the american chestnut tree, which nearly was wiped out in the 1950s by blight in southeastern forests. by cross - pollinating some remaining american chestnuts with chinese chestnut trees — which are immune to the blight that was caused by an infectious fungus — hybrid trees were created and now are growing in an orchard on berry college ’ s mountain campus. but next year, cipollini plans to kill them. “ we ’ re going to put that fungus in each of these trees, ” he said as he stood between rows of chestnut trees in the orchard. “ next year we ’ re going to try to kill them. ” the fungal disease was introduced by frogs in new york during the early 1900s, cipollini said, and it spread from tree to tree, infecting both asian and american chestnuts. only the asian trees — particularly the chinese chestnut — were able to resist the blight brought on by the fungus. the american chestnut was susceptible to the disease, and by the 1950s nearly all were wiped out. “ the only saving grace is that the chestnut can resprout from the roots, ” cipollini said. “ as a result of that, the tree wasn ’ t killed entirely, instead of having large forests of trees producing nuts. ” in the berry orchard, there are not only the hybrid trees but also pure american chestnuts and pure chinese chestnut trees. cipollini said they are also going to infect the american chestnuts and chinese chestnuts with the fungus. the chinese should be resistant and develop a canker that will heal over. the other trees, he said, will form cankers and that canker will expand. the point is to see if the hybrid trees will form cankers that heal as the chinese chestnuts will. he hopes some hybrid trees will resist the disease. for the ones that do, they will in turn be bred with more american trees. this process, which could take 30 years or longer, will be continued until the trees have more than 90 percent of american in their genetic backgrounds, but still are able to resist the blight. berry ’ s orchard is “ the headquarters, so to speak, for the breeding program for the state of georgia, ” said cipollini. “ we ’ ve helped to establish about 100 orchard sites in the state. we are principally responsible for an orchard in armuchee called the


headquarters, so to speak, for the breeding program for the state of georgia, ” said cipollini. “ we ’ ve helped to establish about 100 orchard sites in the state. we are principally responsible for an orchard in armuchee called the henry - berry college orchard that was established last year with help from faye and ralph henry. ” cipollini said if any of the hybrids can withstand the blight, they carry the right genes from the chinese chestnut parent in their genetic histories. they then will look at the trees for other characteristics to see how close they are genetically to the american chestnut ’ s. “ if it fits everything, that one may be one of the few we keep in the orchard, ” he said. only a few of the more than 200 trees in the orchard may remain, but that would be the next generation that would move forward in the breeding program. “ it takes four years to get the trees to the point where they can be tested, and the whole process from beginning to end takes anywhere from 10 to 12 years, ” he said. though the process is long, cipollini was optimistic that in future decades, the american chestnut might be able to be reintroduced into the wild with a resistance to blight. related articles » imagine a landscape filled with american chestnut trees, some so large an entire family could stand in front of the... trees going a little nuts? if you ' ve noticed more acorns, walnuts and pecans falling from the trees to the ground... chestnut ' marriages ' may bring back appalachian native hill craddock and his utc biology students study the intimate details in the love life of a chestnut tree. you... traverse city, mich. — apple growers in the eastern u. s. have a despised enemy known as apple scab — a...


jenny williams flips through her grade 11 american history book and laughs when she sees bill clinton identified as the country ' s most recent president. " it ends around 1996... there ' s nothing here about afghanistan or obama, " says the 16 - year - old student at etobicoke ' s martingrove collegiate. her history of a free nation textbook was printed in 1998 and is in serious need of revision. outdated textbooks are common at toronto ' s public high schools and students are lucky to get their hands on them. often, textbooks are unavailable because they ' ve been signed out of a library by other students. " some students have to share textbooks and sometimes the information inside is outdated, " says williams, a student trustee at the toronto district school board. " students learn a lot differently today than 10 or 20 years ago. " but there ' s good news for students who are tired of carrying heavy textbooks. the tdsb is looking at moving to digital textbooks by 2015 in order to cut costs and to provide better information. trustee michael coteau has been championing the transition to digital textbooks for months and trustees recently unanimously voted in favour of a plan, which could save the board up to $ 100 million over a decade. " we have textbooks that exist within our system and other systems... science books, for example, ( that ) are outdated. we still have science books that call pluto a planet, " says coteau. " so, with digital technology and digitization of materials, we could really put together a course curriculum that is flexible and has the ability to be changed instantly. " the school board spends $ 8 million per year on textbooks. over a 10 - year period, if half the books are digitized, it could save up to $ 50 million. the tdsb is looking to education director chris spence to create a plan this month on how to increase access to digital course material in middle and secondary schools. the idea is to use classic texts where the copyright has expired. " the motion itself really talks about staff putting together an approach, a strategy that takes into account there are lots of different types of technology out there, " coteau says. " we need to figure out a method of collecting information and material that ' s used in the classroom, digitizing it and having it flexible enough so different technologies can use that information. " however, donna quan, the tdsb ' s academic deputy director, cautioned that while schools will be equipped with wireless internet by 2015, students will likely have to wait


will save blyth students around $ 700 annually. according to a report from the ontario public school boards ' association, students currently " power down " at school because technology in the learning environment is as slow as being on dial - up while their lives outside of class revolve around high - speed technology, such as iphones, ipads and laptops. " today ' s students are leaders in the use of technology and we know they want their learning experiences in school to reflect this, " colleen schenk, president of opsba, said when the report was published in april. " students want to take the technology they use in their daily lives and integrate it with how they learn. they want their learning clearly connected to the world beyond the school. " as long as teachers keep up with the technology, digital textbooks are a great educational tool, says salvatore bancheri, a university of toronto expert in technology in education. " the actual process of reading will be changed, " he says. " in textbooks, you read in a linear sense but online, it ' s more difficult. people tend to skim read online, " he says. ken coran, the president of the ontario secondary schools teachers ' federation, says he ' s concerned about giving students equal access to whatever hardware is needed to read the textbooks, but aside from that, digitization is the way to go. " it ' d be a way to update textbooks, especially in the science field where there are always advancements, " he says. " not just outdated, depending on which school board, the textbooks may or may not be available. the canadian market is a smaller market than the u. s. " the number of new textbooks each school receives varies on how much the province grants a school boards. " it ' s up to the school board which courses or which textbooks would actually receive the most updated editions of the textbooks for the curriculum, " coran says. " some have a normal ( course ) rotation, some base it on enrolment. " premier dalton mcguinty said in may that while phasing out text books may eventually happen in ontario, they ' ll be around for years. " i ' m not comfortable ( that ) all kids have access to that in their homes right now, " he told the canadian press. " until we can be assured of that, i ' d be very reluctant to move ahead. " coteau says the province has a significant role to play in keeping up with technology and offering students digitized


the buddha points to two mental qualities as the underlying safeguards of morality, thus as the protectors of both the individual and society as a whole. these two qualities are called in pali hiri and ottappa. hiri is an innate sense of shame over moral transgression ; ottappa is moral dread, fear of the results of wrongdoing. the buddha calls these two states the bright guardians of the world ( sukka lokapala ). he gives them this designation because as long as these two states prevail in people ' s hearts the moral standards of the world remain intact, while when their influence wanes the human world falls into unabashed promiscuity and violence, becoming almost indistinguishable from the animal realm ( itiv. 42 ). while moral shame and fear of wrongdoing are united in the common task of protecting the mind from moral defilement, they differ in their individual characteristics and modes of operation. hiri, the sense of shame, has an internal reference ; it is rooted in self - respect and induces us to shrink from wrongdoing out of a feeling of personal honor. ottappa, fear of wrongdoing, has an external orientation. it is the voice of conscience that warns us of the dire consequences of moral transgression : blame and punishment by others, the painful kammic results of evil deeds, the impediment to our desire for liberation from suffering. acariya buddhaghosa illustrates the difference between the two with the simile of an iron rod smeared with excrement at one end and heated to a glow at the other end : hiri is like one ' s disgust at grabbing the rod in the place where it is smeared with excrement, ottappa is like one ' s fear of grabbing it in the place where it is red hot. in the present - day world, with its secularization of all values, such notions as shame and fear of wrong are bound to appear antiquated, relics from a puritanical past when superstition and dogma manacled our rights to uninhibited self - expression. yet the buddha ' s stress on the importance of hiri and ottappa was based on a deep insight into the different potentialities of human nature. he saw that the path to deliverance is a struggle against the current, and that if we are to unfold the mind ' s capacities for wisdom, purity and peace, then we need to


2. migraine is the result of a hypersensitive brain most physicians — including experts in headache medicine — used to believe that migraine was caused by cranial blood vessels expanding and contracting, rothrock says. “ it was thought that migraine - associated constriction of blood vessels reduced blood flow to the eye or brain, producing aura, and that a compensatory dilation of the blood vessels caused the throbbing, sickening head pain. ” but it turns out that migraine is actually “ a genetic condition that, as with epilepsy, produces a hypersensitive brain, ” rothrock says. he notes that researchers at harvard recently reported evidence indicating that electrical events originating in the brain itself may provoke activation of the receptors for head pain that are located “ downstream, ” within the meninges that cover the brain. “ it appears that a migraine attack may originate within the visual cortex of the brain, ” rothrock says, “ with activity generated at that site serving to promote the trigeminal nerve to release neuropeptides that in turn induce blood vessels located in the meninges to leak pro - inflammatory proteins, which activate and further sensitize head pain receptors, which consequently send a message back to the brain that ‘ there ’ s pain out here. ’ this to - and - fro, self - reinforcing process — brain to meninges / meninges to brain — builds and builds until finally it wears itself out, or one administers a therapy that blocks the signaling of head pain. ”


researchers with the u. s. geological survey and the u. s. fish and wildlife service have used unmanned aircraft in three trials to count the number of sandhill cranes that visit the monte vista national wildlife refuge and found them to be a safe alternative for both birds and scientists. “ what these systems do is they help to more quickly fly over the cranes, ” said leanne hanson, a usgs biologist who is overseeing the use of the aircraft. “ they don ’ t flush the birds so there ’ s no mid - air collision potential. ” more than 20, 000 cranes typically make a stopover in the valley from late february to april. traditionally, wildlife biologists have used fixed - wing aircraft to count animals but those planes pose a threat to the birds and also use more fuel than their smaller, electrically - charged counterparts. the raven small unmanned aerial vehicle, as it ’ s properly called, is 3 - feet long and has a 55 - inch wingspan. it can fly between 150 feet and 1, 000 feet above ground. the geological survey secured five of the decommissioned craft from the u. s. army in 2009. while the army maintains ownership, an agreement allows the geological survey to use planes at no cost. since then, the geological survey had to secure permission from the federal aviation administration to fly over the refuge below 2, 000 feet. they also had to settle on the best time to fly. while the craft can fly with an attached video camera and film during the day, the cranes spend much of those hours dispersed across the valley. but at night the birds cram into the monte vista refuge, which has some of the few wetlands in the valley that aren ’ t covered with ice in late february and march thanks to the pumping of groundwater. “ it looks like from what we did last night we got fairly good coverage of all the cranes that are on the refuge, ” said jim dubovsky, a migratory bird specialist with the u. s. fish and wildlife service. at night a thermal, infrared sensor is attached to the craft and researchers can download the files and count what they see from their own computer screens. dubovsky said the cranes have a recognizable heat signature in comparison to the other birds that use the refuge, such as ducks and geese. meanwhile the geological survey is developing other uses for the planes. hanson said the agency is looking at hot springs within lake and river systems that provide unique habitat, checking historical mating areas for sage grouse and monitoring mountain pine beetle damage in northern colorado, among other uses. source :


written by sandra sorensen demonstrators converge on the u. s. capitol during the april 9 jubilee 2000 mobilization for debt relief. © sandra sorensen following the biblical call for jubilee — when slaves are set free and debts canceled ( leviticus 25 ) — on sunday, april 9, several thousand people joined hands and encircled the u. s. capitol in an effort to encourage action to relieve the crushing burden of debt on the world ' s poorest countries. among them were more than 100 ucc members who gathered for a morning worship service at first congregational ucc in downtown washington, then marched to the washington mall for the jubilee 2000 mobilization. ucc participants traveled from seattle, colorado, iowa, ohio, illinois, massachusetts, rhode island, connecticut, new york and pennsylvania, joining with advocates from across denominations and faith groups, as well as students, union members, and human rights organizers. undeterred by strong winds and unusually cold april temperatures, demonstrators listened to musicians and speakers, including afl - cio president john sweeney, the rev. jim wallis of sojourners and archbishop of honduras oscar rodriguez. speakers called for international action for debt relief to allow countries to direct much - needed money to basic social services. ucc young people were well - represented. they expressed a sense of commitment to stand with children and youth in debt - burdened nations who enjoy far less access to education, health care and other human services. children and youth constructed yards of paper chains to symbolize the suffering caused by massive debts. then, led by shofars and trumpets, rally participants formed a human chain around the u. s. capitol in a show of support for debt cancellation. young and old draped in paper chains chanted " save the children, kill the debt " as they circled the capitol building. churches have been urging debt relief for two decades. the latest resolution from the ucc came last year during general synod 22, where delegates passed a resolution in support of debt relief. the jubilee 2000 campaign is a worldwide movement calling for the cancellation of debts that divert resources away from basic human needs such as education, nutrition, health, clean water and sanitation. campaign organizers contend that debt contributes to global political, social and economic instability. for each $ 1 million sub - saharan africa diverts from health and education to service its debt, 24 more women will die in childbirth and 159 infants will die during their first year. in mozambique one in four children dies before age 5, yet the government spends four times as much money on debt service than it does on


study shows that blocking an inflammation pathway prevents cardiac fibrosis outcome could lead to a new therapeutic strategy for heart failure new research from uc davis published in the proceedings of the national academy of sciences shows that blocking an enzyme that promotes inflammation can prevent the tissue damage following a heart attack that often leads to heart failure. led by nipavan chiamvimonvat, cardiologist and professor of internal medicine, a team of researchers tested a compound that inhibits the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase - - or seh - - one of the key players in the robust immune - system response that heals tissue following an injury. the enzyme, however, can become counterproductive after a cardiac event. chiamvimonvat explained that seh increases proinflammatory lipid mediators, leading to long - term, heightened inflammatory conditions. it also causes cells, which typically link together and provide the foundation for heart tissue, to overwork. the outcome is scar tissue, or fibrosis, that results in an abnormal relaxation of the heart after each beat, taxing remaining heart muscle as it performs double duty and eventually leading to a decline in the heart ’ s pumping action. “ we often see patients following a heart attack in clinic who initially respond well to current treatments, which address the initial causes of the cardiac event and try to preserve heart function, ” said chiamvimonvat, whose research focuses on the biological mechanisms of heart disease. “ over time, though, heart function in some patients continues to worsen and can lead to heart failure. it would be ideal to have new approaches that target the cellular overproduction that leads to heart muscle stiffening and cardiac fibrosis. " heart failure progressively limits oxygen throughout the body, reducing mobility, respiration and quality of life. according to the centers for disease control and prevention, the condition affects 5. 7 million people in the u. s. and costs the nation $ 34. 4 billion in health - care services, medications and lost productivity. about half of people who have heart failure die within five years of diagnosis. previous research by chiamvimonvat showed that an seh inhibitor synthesized in the laboratory of entomology professor bruce hammock can reduce the enlargement of heart muscle cells and associated arrhythmia. for the current study, she conducted a series of experiments to determine if it could also be a potential treatment for fibrosis. chiamvimonvat and her team tested the compound on a mouse model for heart


associated arrhythmia. for the current study, she conducted a series of experiments to determine if it could also be a potential treatment for fibrosis. chiamvimonvat and her team tested the compound on a mouse model for heart attack. because cardiac fibrosis can also be caused by other long - term cardiac diseases, the compound was also used on a mouse model for the chronic pressure overload commonly seen with hypertension. for both models, one group of mice was given the compound with their drinking water, while another group was not. the animals ’ heart functions were assessed using echocardiography. the results showed that the mice receiving treatment had significant decreases in adverse cardiac muscle remodeling following a heart attack or due to chronic pressure overload. their overall cardiac function also improved. additional tests performed in hammock ’ s lab showed significantly reduced inflammatory factors in their systems. “ our study shines new light on this inflammation pathway and identifies a potential therapeutic target that could greatly expand options for one of the biggest and most difficult - to - treat problems in cardiology, ” said javier lopez, cardiologist, assistant professor of internal medicine and study co - author who developed methods used in the study to quantify fibrotic cells. the team hopes to test the compound next on a larger animal model as a precursor to human clinical trials. “ this project is part of a long - term, exciting collaboration between two labs dedicated to combining their strengths to benefit human health, ” said hammock. “ the translational value of our research is significant. ” the study received major support from the national institutes of health ( grant hl85727 and hl85844 ), a veterans administration merit review grant, the howard hughes medical institute med - into - grad training program, an nih - funded training grant in basic and translational cardiovascular science ( grant t32 hl86350 ), the american heart association, a western states affiliate predoctoral fellowship award, a fellow - to - faculty award from the sarnoff cardiovascular research foundation and a harold amos medical faculty development award from the robert wood johnson foundation. partial support was provided by the national institute of environmental health ( grant r37 es01710 ), the niehs superfund basic research program ( grant p42 es04699 ), the niehs center for children ’ s environmental health and disease prevention ( grant p02 es11269 ), a technology translational grant from uc


##s superfund basic research program ( grant p42 es04699 ), the niehs center for children ’ s environmental health and disease prevention ( grant p02 es11269 ), a technology translational grant from uc davis health system and the american asthma society. hammock is a george and judy marcus senior fellow of the american asthma society. chiamvimonvat is also affiliated with the va northern california healthcare system. additional uc davis study authors were padmini sirish, ning li, jun - yan liu, kin sing stephen lee, sung hee hwang, hong qiu and siu mei ma. author cuifen zhao is currently at shandong university in china. a copy of “ unique mechanistic insights into the beneficial effects of soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors in the prevention of cardiac fibrosis ” is available online at http : / / www. pnas. org / content / early / 2013 / 03 / 13 / 1221972110. full. pdf + html? sid = 0fdc42d8 - ad4c - 44a9 - 8c81 - fb6ef56ad5cb or by e - mailing pnasnews @ nas. edu. uc davis health system is improving lives and transforming health care by providing excellent patient care, conducting groundbreaking research, fostering innovative, interprofessional education and creating dynamic, productive partnerships with the community. the academic health system includes one of the country ' s best medical schools, a 619 - bed acute - care teaching hospital, a 1, 000 - member physician ' s practice group and the new betty irene moore school of nursing. it is home to a national cancer institute - designated comprehensive cancer center, an international neurodevelopmental institute, a stem cell institute and a comprehensive children ' s hospital. other nationally prominent centers focus on advancing telemedicine, improving vascular care, eliminating health disparities and translating research findings into new treatments for patients. together, they make uc davis a hub of innovation that is transforming health for all. for more information, visit healthsystem. ucdavis. edu /


forecasters predict as many as four to eight hurricanes this year. university of houston resources have expertise in a variety of topics related to storms – before, during and after. new asthma research opposes current drug treatmentmulti - institutional study supports controversial theory, reveals genetic key richard a. bond, professor of pharmacology at the university of houston college of pharmacy ( uhcop ), has been investigating whether beta - 2 adrenoreceptor antagonist drugs ( or beta blockers ) ultimately might be a safer, more effective strategy for long - term asthma management than the currently used beta - 2 adrenoreceptor agonists ( or stimulants ). the beta - 2 adrenoreceptor is a receptor found in many cells, including the smooth muscle lining the airways, and has long been a target for asthma drugs. however, a recent study shows the absence of asthma - like symptoms in a mouse model that lacks the key gene that produces the receptor. this lends further evidence to bond ' s theory that questions whether the pharmaceutical industry should be working to block or inhibit the receptor instead of the current approach of chronically stimulating it to reduce asthma symptoms. the study, " beta2 - adrenoreceptor signaling is required for the development of an asthma phenotype in a murine model, " is in the current online issue of the journal proceedings of the national academy of sciences ( pnas ), one of the world ' s most - cited multidisciplinary scientific serials. a follow - up commentary by an independent scientist in the field also will be published in the print issue of pnas in february. the timely release of this study comes on the heels of the fda considering a renewed look at the use of long - acting beta agonist drugs ( labas ) - at least those used alone, without a steroidal component - for the management of asthma symptoms. in an fda report released in december, an analysis of more than 100 trials on four drugs ( two labas alone and two laba / corticosteroid combinations ) found an increased risk of hospitalization and asthma - related deaths with the laba - only therapy. during the same month, an fda advisory panel urged the fda to ban the laba - only drugs and strengthen warnings on the combination drugs. bond and his colleagues propose an alternative to stimulants, using antagonists ( or beta blockers ) instead. this approach, termed paradoxical pharmacology, suggests patients may


fellow uhcop faculty researcher brian j. knoll. with support from the strategic program for asthma research of the american asthma foundation, a second human clinical trial based on bond ' s research is under way using the beta - blocker drug nadolol in patients with mild asthma. in the first clinical trial, sponsored by san francisco - based inverseon inc., eight of 10 patients had less airway hyperresponsiveness on beta - blocker therapy at the end of the trial, although some did experience an initial negative response. ( see related release at http : / / www. uh. edu / news - events / newsrelease. php? releaseid _ int = 187. ) commenting on the results of the first clinical trial, two u. k. researchers wrote in the jan. 10 issue of the british journal the lancet that the use of beta - blocker therapy for asthma warrants serious, but careful, consideration and further investigation, including the use of specific alternative types of beta blockers. to those ends, inverseon, of which bond is scientific founder, has filed u. s. patent applications for using beta blockers to treat airway disease. dr. william garner, chairman of inverseon, said the company recently received a notice of allowance - one of several procedural steps on the path to patent approval - from the u. s. patent office. " the comment in the lancet on inverseon ' s human asthma study, combined with the notice of allowance from the u. s. patent office, represents important external validation of inverseon ' s approach to asthma, " garner said. " we believe that our oral therapy has the potential to be a significant product for the chronic treatment of asthma. " the university of houston the university of houston, texas ' premier metropolitan research and teaching institution, is home to more than 40 research centers and institutes and sponsors more than 300 partnerships with corporate, civic and governmental entities. uh, the most diverse research university in the country, stands at the forefront of education, research and service with more than 36, 000 students. about the uh college of pharmacy for more than 60 years, the university of houston college of pharmacy has shaped aspiring pharmacists, scientists and researchers. the college offers an undergraduate degree in the pharmaceutical sciences, graduate degrees in pharmacy administration, pharmacology and pharmaceutics, a professional pharmacy degree and combined professional / graduate degrees. with facilities on the uh campus and in the texas medical center, the uh college of pharmacy


unesco global forum : uses and misuses of university rankings are university rankings a good measure for comparing institutions of higher education? are the criteria used in ranking systems relevant to students everywhere? do they wield too much influence on policies of universities? these questions will be at the heart of an international forum, organised by unesco, the world bank and the organization for economic cooperation and development ( oecd ) to be held at unesco, 16 - 17 may ( room 2 ). the forum – “ rankings and accountability in higher education : uses and misuses ” – will be opened by unesco director - general irina bokova. participants include qian tang, assistant unesco director - general for education, jamil salmi, the world bank ’ s tertiary education coordinator, and barbara ischinger, the oecd ’ s director for education, along with representatives of the world ’ s leading rankings systems, policy - makers, experts, researchers, students, representatives of international organizations, the media and higher education establishments from around the world. first used as an information tool aimed at satisfying public demand for transparency, international university rankings have come to be regarded as measure of quality, and spurred intense competition between establishments. in a globalized world, where higher education has become a major export industry and where student mobility is increasing exponentially, they have been transformed into policy - instruments that influence the decisions of institutions, academic staff, researchers, students and policy - makers. the forum will serve as an opportunity to clarify the methodology underpinning the many rankings available today, to question why they have such influence, and examine their impact on institutions ’ policies. participants will also look beyond rankings at existing and developing accountability tools for higher education.


| the panel at the fourth ministerial follow - up forum to the paris commitments and paris principles, at which it was announced that five new nations have signed the paris commitments, designed to end the use of children in armed conflict and bringing the total number of signatories to 100. | by chris niles new york, usa, 27 september 2011 - five more nations have officially committed to ending the phenomena of children in armed conflict by signing the paris commitments. the inclusion of angola, armenia, bosnia and herzegovina, costa rica and san marino means that 100 nations have now pledged to do everything they can to protect children from being forced into conflict. the announcement was made during a ministerial follow - up forum which builds on the work of the paris principles, and the paris commitments. a grey area “ i am happy to announce that we have reached 100 states that have signed the paris commitments, and significant progress has been made, ” said france ’ s human rights ambassador francois zimeray, whose government co - hosted the event with unicef at un headquarters. the ambassador went on to pledge france ’ s on - going support, stressing that the so - called ‘ infamy ’ list of countries which ignore international standards regarding children in armed conflict is still too long. “ children would never be in armed conflict without the cowardice of adults, ” he said. the special representative of the secretary - general for children and armed conflict radhika coomaraswamy presented a working paper “ children and justice during and in the aftermath of armed conflict ” which focuses on the grey area in which children are brought before the courts, either as victims, witnesses or perpetrators. ms. coomaraswamy pointed out the potential negative ramifications to placing children on trial. “ if they testify will they be able to withstand a vigorous cross examination which often results in an attack on their character and the reliving of horrific events? ” she asked. need for reparations the special representative went on to highlight the need for reparations, pointing out that victims should be compensated for their loss of childhood, family and education. “ governments and donors play a key role in providing sustainable resources to make such initiatives work, ” she said. during 2010, unicef and its partners contributed to the release of approximately 10, 000 children associated with armed conflict. unicef deputy executive director officer - in - charge rima salah emphasised the need for flexible funding to design programmes that help children to recover from their ordeal and to lead empowered lives. “ sustainable, inclusive and community


for information only - not an official document 18 june 2012 united nations committee on the peaceful uses of outer space concludes 55th session in vienna vienna, 18 june ( un information service ) - the united nations committee on the peaceful uses of outer space ( copuos ) has concluded its deliberations over ways and means to maintain outer space for peaceful purposes and to ensure that space technology and its applications continue to benefit many areas critical to all humanity at its 55th session, held from 6 to 15 june. the committee agreed on a new agenda item, " space and sustainable development ", to consider, among others, the outcomes of the upcoming united nations conference on sustainable development ( rio + 20 ) and the use of space technology and its applications for socioeconomic and sustainable development. the committee also agreed to commemorate in 2013 the fiftieth anniversary of the first space flight by a woman, cosmonaut valentina tereshkova on 16 june 1963, with a special panel consisting of prominent women in the space - related fields of space exploration, science, technology, education, business and policy to address the contribution of women to space activities on the topic " space : building the future today ". other highlights of the 55th session of the committee included : - the panel discussion on the theme " fortieth anniversary of the landsat programme and the evolution of worldwide remote sensing from space " was held on 6 june, addressing the contributions of landsat as the longest - running civilian earth observation programme to the worldwide evolution of earth observation. a dedicated exhibition on this theme was held at the vienna international centre from 6 to 15 june, with several countries exhibiting their remote sensing imagery. - the government of china donated a beidou navigation satellite model to the permanent exhibition of the united nations office for outer space affairs ( unoosa ) at the vienna international centre. the model is exhibited in the section dedicated to global navigation satellite systems. - the four expert groups of the working group on the long term sustainability of outer space activities met on the margins of the current session to work on the following issues : sustainable space utilization, space debris and space operations, space weather, and regulatory regimes for actors in space arena. - the action team on near earth objects ( neos ) of the committee continued its work on draft recommendations for an international response to the neo impact threat. as part of the overall neo threat mitigation efforts, representatives of space agencies held a second meeting to build consensus on recommendations to establish a mission planning and operations group. * * * * * for further information, please contact


dictionary results for works | 1. works - noun · buildings for carrying on industrial labor ; " they built a large plant to manufacture automobiles " synonym ( s ) : plant, industrial _ plant hypernym ( s ) : building _ complex, complex 2. works - noun · everything available ; usually preceded by ` the ' ; " we saw the whole shebang " ; " a hotdog with the works " ; " we took on the whole caboodle " ; " for $ 10 you get the full treatment " synonym ( s ) : whole _ shebang, whole _ kit _ and _ caboodle, kit _ and _ caboodle, whole _ kit _ and _ boodle, kit _ and _ boodle, whole _ kit, whole _ caboodle, whole _ works, full _ treatment hypernym ( s ) : entirety, entireness, integrality, totality 3. works - noun · performance of moral or religious acts ; " salvation by deeds " ; " the reward for good works " 4. works - noun · the internal mechanism of a device 5. work - noun · activity directed toward making or doing something ; " she checked several points needing further work " 6. work - noun · a product produced or accomplished through the effort or activity or agency of a person or thing ; " it is not regarded as one of his more memorable works " ; " the symphony was hailed as an ingenious work " ; " he was indebted to the pioneering work of john dewey " ; " the work of an active imagination " ; " erosion is the work of wind or water over time " hypernym ( s ) : product, production 7. work - noun · the occupation for which you are paid ; " he is looking for employment " ; " a lot of people are out of work " hypernym ( s ) : occupation, business, job, line _ of _ work, line 8. work - noun · applying the mind to learning and understanding a subject ( especially by reading ) ; " mastering a second language requires a lot of work " ; " no schools offer graduate study in interior design " hypernym ( s ) : learning, acquisition 9. work - noun · ( physics ) a manifestation of energy ; the transfer of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force ; " work equals force times distance " hypernym ( s ) : energy, free _ energy


of energy from one physical system to another expressed as the product of a force and the distance through which it moves a body in the direction of that force ; " work equals force times distance " hypernym ( s ) : energy, free _ energy 10. work - noun · a place where work is done ; " he arrived at work early today " hypernym ( s ) : geographic _ point, geographical _ point 11. work - noun · the total output of a writer or artist ( or a substantial part of it ) ; " he studied the entire wagnerian oeuvre " ; " picasso ' s work can be divided into periods " synonym ( s ) : oeuvre, body _ of _ work hypernym ( s ) : end _ product, output 12. work - verb · exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity ; " i will work hard to improve my grades " ; " she worked hard for better living conditions for the poor " 13. work - verb · be employed ; " is your husband working again? " ; " my wife never worked " ; " do you want to work after the age of 60? " ; " she never did any work because she inherited a lot of money " ; " she works as a waitress to put herself through college " 14. work - verb · have an effect or outcome ; often the one desired or expected ; " the voting process doesn ' t work as well as people thought " ; " how does your idea work in practice? " ; " this method doesn ' t work " ; " the breaks of my new car act quickly " ; " the medicine works only if you take it with a lot of water " hypernym ( s ) : succeed, win, come _ through, bring _ home _ the _ bacon, deliver _ the _ goods 15. work - verb · perform as expected when applied ; " the washing machine won ' t go unless it ' s plugged in " ; " does this old car still run well? " ; " this old radio doesn ' t work anymore " synonym ( s ) : function, operate, go, run 16. work - verb · shape, form, or improve a material ; " work stone into tools " ; " process iron " ; " work the metal " synonym ( s ) : work _ on, process hypernym ( s ) : transform, transmute, transubstantiate 17. work - verb · give a workout to ; " some parents


process iron " ; " work the metal " synonym ( s ) : work _ on, process hypernym ( s ) : transform, transmute, transubstantiate 17. work - verb · give a workout to ; " some parents exercise their infants " ; " my personal trainer works me hard " ; " work one ' s muscles " ; " this puzzle will exercise your mind " synonym ( s ) : exercise, work _ out hypernym ( s ) : work, put _ to _ work 18. work - verb · proceed along a path ; " work one ' s way through the crowd " ; " make one ' s way into the forest " 19. work - verb · operate in a certain place, area, or specialty ; " she works the night clubs " ; " the salesman works the midwest " ; " this artist works mostly in acrylics " 20. work - verb · proceed towards a goal or along a path or through an activity ; " work your way through every problem or task " ; " she was working on her second martini when the guests arrived " ; " start from the bottom and work towards the top " hypernym ( s ) : go, proceed, move 21. work - verb · move in an agitated manner ; " his fingers worked with tension " hypernym ( s ) : move, displace 22. work - verb · cause to happen or to occur as a consequence ; " i cannot work a miracle " ; " wreak havoc " ; " bring comments " ; " play a joke " ; " the rain brought relief to the drought - stricken area " synonym ( s ) : bring, play, wreak, make _ for hypernym ( s ) : make, create 23. work - verb · cause to work ; " he is working his servants hard " hypernym ( s ) : use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ 24. work - verb · prepare for crops ; " work the soil " ; " cultivate the land " synonym ( s ) : cultivate, crop hypernym ( s ) : fix, prepare, set _ up, ready, gear _ up, set 25. work - verb · behave in a certain way when handled ; " this dough does not work easily " ; " the soft metal works well " 26. work - verb · have and exert influence or effect ; " the artist ' s work influenced the young painter " ; " she worked on her friends to support the political candidate "


not work easily " ; " the soft metal works well " 26. work - verb · have and exert influence or effect ; " the artist ' s work influenced the young painter " ; " she worked on her friends to support the political candidate " synonym ( s ) : influence, act _ upon hypernym ( s ) : affect, impact, bear _ upon, bear _ on, touch _ on, touch 27. work - verb · operate in or through ; " work the phones " hypernym ( s ) : operate, run 28. work - verb · cause to operate or function ; " this pilot works the controls " ; " can you work an electric drill? " hypernym ( s ) : manage, deal, care, handle 29. work - verb · provoke or excite ; " the rock musician worked the crowd of young girls into a frenzy " hypernym ( s ) : stimulate, excite, stir 30. work - verb · gratify and charm, usually in order to influence ; " the political candidate worked the crowds " hypernym ( s ) : capture, enamour, trance, catch, becharm, enamor, captivate, beguile, charm, fascinate, bewitch, entrance, enchant 31. work - verb · make something, usually for a specific function ; " she molded the rice balls carefully " ; " form cylinders from the dough " ; " shape a figure " ; " work the metal into a sword " synonym ( s ) : shape, form, mold, mould, forge hypernym ( s ) : create _ from _ raw _ material, create _ from _ raw _ stuff 32. work - verb · move into or onto ; " work the raisins into the dough " ; " the student worked a few jokes into his presentation " ; " work the body onto the flatbed truck " hypernym ( s ) : move, displace 33. work - verb · make uniform ; " knead dough " ; " work the clay until it is soft " 34. work - verb · use or manipulate to one ' s advantage ; " he exploit the new taxation system " ; " she knows how to work the system " ; " he works his parents for sympathy " hypernym ( s ) : use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ 35. work - verb · find the solution to ( a problem or question ) or understand the meaning of ; " did you


he works his parents for sympathy " hypernym ( s ) : use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ 35. work - verb · find the solution to ( a problem or question ) or understand the meaning of ; " did you solve the problem? " ; " work out your problems with the boss " ; " this unpleasant situation isn ' t going to work itself out " ; " did you get it? " ; " did you get my meaning? " ; " he could not work the math problem " synonym ( s ) : solve, work _ out, figure _ out, puzzle _ out, lick 36. work - verb · cause to undergo fermentation ; " we ferment the grapes for a very long time to achieve high alcohol content " ; " the vintner worked the wine in big oak vats " 37. work - verb · go sour or spoil ; " the milk has soured " ; " the wine worked " ; " the cream has turned - - we have to throw it out " synonym ( s ) : sour, turn, ferment hypernym ( s ) : change _ state, turn 38. work - verb · arrive at a certain condition through repeated motion ; " the stitches of the hem worked loose after she wore the skirt many times " hypernym ( s ) : become, go, get or unscramble the word you need to complete that puzzle or to finish that project or homework! letters to unscramble the word synonyms, antonyms and related words word below with '? ' to indicate missing letters word to find the rhymes letters of the beginning, middle or end of the word.


flowersamong the many and more beautiful of our common wild flowers that grow beside the tweed are the marsh marigold, or kingcup, loosestrife, purple and yellow, ragged robin and devil ' s - bit scabious. the beautiful and rare include seven orchids : the purple dactylorrhiza - illutrated here, northern marsh and twayblade ( in damp meadows and woods } ; lesser twayblade ( on heather moors ) ; heath spotted ( on acid soil ) ; bird ' s nest ( in beechwoods ). from june to august one might, with less than amazing luck, see the duck ( but not the drake - the drake has absconded ) leading a flotilla of up to twelve ducklings buffeting themselves like mad against the current ; a memorable - sight. buzzards can be relied on to appear, usually at a great height, mewing. short - eared owl, peregrine falcon, sparrow - hawk and kestrel are also often seen. and from autumn to spring great flocks of geese, pink - footed and greylag, fly from and back to the frozen north, spread against the sky in arrowhead or zig - zag order and calling to each other as they go. they too are unlikely to be overlooked.


being referred for radiation treatment is an unfamiliar experience to most cancer patients. on these pages, we will explain radiation oncology to you and answer questions that most often exist for our patients. and we will also explain why you should feel remarkably confident in coming to urmc, the region ’ s leader in radiation oncology. what is radiation oncology? radiation oncology is one of the three major cancer specialties in oncologic medicine. it uses energy from radiation beams, radio isotopes, or charged particles to target tumors and to eradicate cancer cells. radiation beams are usually generated in treatment machines, such as linear accelerators or high - energy ct scanners. another type of radiation treatment uses radioisotopes, or radioactive materials. these are utilized in radiation implants and radioisotope - labeled molecules in the treatment of various cancers. in addition to getting rid of cancer, radiation treatment is highly effective in reducing symptoms such as cancer - related pain. radiation has also been used in the treatment of many benign ( non - cancerous ) conditions in both adults and children. what makes urmc different? at the james p. wilmot cancer center, the department of radiation oncology is an essential part of multidisciplinary care. in other words, a team of experts from surgery, medical oncology, radiation oncology, and many other disciplines will come together to evaluate and manage your cancer treatment. this is a unique approach to care and is considered the ideal model of cancer care. the department of radiation oncology provides state - of - the - art treatment technology to increase the curability of cancer while reducing side effects. our comprehensive cancer care team includes physician radiation oncologists, radiation physicists, radiation therapists, dosimetrists, nurses, social workers, and nutritionists. what should i expect as a patient? your treatment will involve a team of healthcare providers from the department of radiation oncology. typically, a radiation oncologist will direct the radiation treatment process and plans. your team will also include a secretary, a nurse, a nurse practitioner, a resident physician in training, radiation therapists who operate the treatment machines, and a radiation dosimetrist or physicist specializing in radiation treatment physical plans. the department also offers assistance from social workers and nutritionists. support groups for cancer patients are also available. these include disease - specific groups, age - specific groups, and many others. a typical radiation treatment process begins with an initial consultation with your radiation oncologist. the treatment recommendation


workers and nutritionists. support groups for cancer patients are also available. these include disease - specific groups, age - specific groups, and many others. a typical radiation treatment process begins with an initial consultation with your radiation oncologist. the treatment recommendation, indication, rationale, benefits, side effects, and potential risks will be explained to you. this is followed by a radiation simulation session, which takes approximately one hour. this simulation process ensures the accuracy of your treatment plan. your actual treatment will begin 7 - 14 days later. however, patients with cancer - related emergencies can begin their treatments sooner. daily treatment visits may take 15 - 30 minutes and generally last 1 to 8 weeks, depending on the diagnosis and the treatment plan. the stereotactic brain radiosurgery is generally completed in one session. the stereotactic body radiosurgery is generally completed in less than 10 sessions. your radiation oncologist, therapists, and the team nurse will be there for you every step of the way. they will help you assess treatment - related side effects, your progress, and tolerance. what technology do you offer? we offer state - of - the - art equipment for external beam radiation at all four of our treatment sites : strong memorial hospital ( smh ), highland hospital ( hh ), cancer center at park ridge ( pr ), and sands cancer center. - ct simulators ( smh, pr ) - megavoltage ct ( smh ) - cone - beam ct units ( smh ) - linear accelerators with imrt and igrt capabilities ( smh, hh, pr, sands ) - novalis radiosurgery ( smh ) - tomotherapy ( smh ) - brachytherapy ( smh, hh, pr ) - prostate seed implants ( smh, hh, pr ) - gyn implants for gynecologic cancer ( hh ) - nucletron high dose rate brachytherapy ( hh ) - liver radiation using theraspheres ( smh ) - i - 131 treatment for thyroid cancer ( hh, pr ) - radioactive mesh tumor bed boost for lung cancer ( smh ) - total body irradiation ( smh ) - accelerated partial breast radiotherapy using mammosite or external beam ( smh, hh, pr, sands ) how can i learn more about my disease or condition? your cancer treatment team in the department of radiation oncology will be your very best resource for learning more.


just inside the door circulation / reserves and the reference room tim ' s tour : tim walks down the hallway and sees a desk marked " circulation / reserves. " right! he remembers that his sociology professor told the class to go to the reserves desk and read an article she had put there for them. faculty members put materials they want the whole class to read at the reserve desk. materials on reserve have shorter check - out periods than regular books so that everyone gets a chance to read them. tim ' s tour : the reserves staff member seems friendly, so tim asks if they have any books on the vietnam war that he can check out. the reserves person tells him he can get help with that at the reference desk and shows him where it is. want more on course reserves? > unit 6 > gil the reference desk is where you go for help with all stages of your research, especially when you are just starting out. reference librarians can help you focus your topic and find information using library databases, the internet, and reference sources. besides going to the reference desk in a library, you can get reference help by phone, e - mail, or sometimes even online chat. " ask a librarian " look for the " ask a librarian " link on galileo, which will take you to an online request form. when you send your question, the galileo people will automatically forward it to the reference department at your home library. if that library can ' t answer your question, they ' ll forward it to a library that can. you should get an answer within three days ; if you need a quicker response then call the reference desk. " ask a librarian " services won ' t do your research for you, but they will answer brief factual questions and point you to resources to help you get started. your library may also have a distance learning librarian who specializes in helping distance education students with library research. tim ' s tour : when tim asks the reference librarian his question, the librarian encourages him to focus his topic on a particular aspect of the vietnam war. tim doesn ' t know enough about it to decide, so the librarian gives him a reference book called the encyclopedia of the vietnam war. the book gives him some background on the war and has essays on some great topics. tim decides to do his paper on news coverage of the war. the reference room is where libraries have their computers with access to the online catalog, periodical databases, and the internet. the reference book collection usually includes : - statistical compilations - style guides items from the reference collections cannot be checked


sick - day guidelines for people with diabetes what happens when you are sick when you are sick, your body reacts by releasing hormones to fight infection. but these hormones raise blood sugar levels and at the same time make it more difficult for insulin to lower blood sugar. when you have diabetes, even a minor illness can lead to dangerously high blood sugar. this may cause life - threatening complications, such as diabetic ketoacidosis or a hyperosmolar state. work with your doctor to make a sick - day plan for you or your child with diabetes. discuss your target blood sugar goal during an illness, how you should adjust your insulin dose and timing ( if you take insulin ), and when you need to contact your doctor for help. also, make sure you know how often to check blood sugar and urine ketone levels. keep your plan in a convenient place, and include contact information in case you need to reach your doctor at night or on the weekends. steps to take during an illness here are some general sick - day guidelines : - continue taking your diabetes medicine even if you are vomiting and having trouble eating or drinking. your blood sugar may continue to rise because of your illness. if you cannot take your medicines, call your doctor and discuss whether you need to adjust your insulin dose or other medicine. - try to eat your normal types and amounts of food and to drink extra fluids, such as water, broth, carbonated drinks, and fruit juice. encourage your child to drink extra liquids to prevent - if your blood sugar level is higher than 240 milligrams per deciliter ( mg / dl ), or the blood sugar level your doctor recommends, drink extra liquids that do not contain sugar, such as water or sugar - free cola. - if you cannot eat the foods in your regular diet, drink extra liquids that contain sugar and salt, such as soup, sports drinks, or milk. you may also try eating foods that are gentle on the stomach, such as crackers, gelatin, or applesauce. try to eat or drink 50 grams ( g ) of carbohydrate every 3 to 4 hours. for example, 6 saltine crackers, 1 cup ( 8 fl oz ) of milk, and ½ cup ( 4 fl oz ) of orange juice each contain approximately 15 g of carbohydrate. - check your blood sugar at least every 3 to 4 hours, or more often if it is rising quickly, even through the night. if your blood sugar level rises above


) of orange juice each contain approximately 15 g of carbohydrate. - check your blood sugar at least every 3 to 4 hours, or more often if it is rising quickly, even through the night. if your blood sugar level rises above 240 mg / dl and your doctor has told you to take an extra insulin dose for high blood sugar levels, take the appropriate amount. if you take insulin and your doctor has not told you to take a specific amount of additional insulin, call him or her for advice. - if you take insulin, do a urine test for ketones every 4 to 6 hours, especially if your blood sugar is higher than 300 mg / dl ( or the blood sugar level your doctor recommends ). call your doctor if you have more than 2 + or moderate ketones in your urine. check your child ' s urine for ketones at least every 6 hours, even through the night. - weigh yourself and check your temperature, breathing rate, and pulse frequently if your blood sugar is higher than 300 mg / dl. if you are losing weight and your temperature, breathing rate, and pulse are increasing, contact a doctor. you may be getting worse. - don ' t take any nonprescription medicines without talking with your doctor. many nonprescription medicines affect your blood sugar level. when to call your doctor minor illnesses in people with diabetes — especially children with type 1 diabetes — can lead to very high blood sugar levels and possible emergencies. when children are sick, watch them closely for signs that they need immediate medical attention. call 911 or other emergency services if you or your child has : - symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis ( dka ), such as abdominal pain, vomiting, rapid breathing, fruity - smelling breath, or severe drowsiness. - symptoms of dehydration, such as a dry mouth and very yellow or dark urine. dehydration is particularly dangerous in children and may be caused by vomiting and diarrhea. - a low blood sugar level that continues. it may not be necessary to call your doctor every time you or your child with diabetes has a mild illness, such as a cold. but it is a good idea to call for advice when you are sick and : - you have a blood sugar level that stays higher than the level the doctor has set for you, for example, 240 mg / dl for two or more readings. - you have more than 2 + or moderate ketones in your urine. - you still have a fever and


if you have chronic pain, such as with fibromyalgia or complex regional pain syndrome, you may have a hard time sleeping or you may wake up feeling tired and unrefreshed. some experts believe poor sleep can make pain worse. getting a good night ' s sleep may help. practice good sleeping habits. go to bed only when you are sleepy, and get up at the same time each day, whether you are rested or not. avoid alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine for 4 to 6 hours or longer before bedtime. these can lead to poor sleep. to go to bed and get up at the same time every day. do not read, eat, work, or watch television in bed. use your bed only for sleeping and keep your bedroom at a comfortable make sure your mattress provides good support. use a neck support pillow to stabilize your head and neck during eliminate or block out all sound and light that may disturb your sleep. try using a sleep mask and earplugs to help you if you lie awake in bed for longer than 15 minutes, get up, leave the bedroom, and do something quiet ( read or listen to music ) until you are sleepy again. how this information was developed to help you make better health decisions.


cancer during pregnancy topic overview back to top on rare occasions, cancer coincides with pregnancy. because the medicines and radiation used for treating cancer can be dangerous to a fetus, a pregnant woman and her doctors must weigh a number of factors when planning her care, including : - the fetus ' s gestational age. - the type and location of the cancer. - how advanced the cancer is. - how rapidly the cancer is developing. - whether she has other health problems. in nonpregnant women, surgery may be used to remove cancer, depending on the cancer ' s type and location. after surgery to remove cancer, radiation, chemotherapy, or a combination of the two may be used to kill any remaining cancer cells. when treating a pregnant woman, doctors adjust the usual treatment regimen with the following in mind. 1 - radiation therapy for cancer treatment is not usually used during pregnancy because in can be harmful to the baby. - diagnostic tests that use radiation may be used during pregnancy if necessary. but ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) are considered safer and are used whenever possible. - chemotherapy medicines are not usually used during the first trimester because of the risks to the fetus, but there are some that may be safely given in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. whenever possible, doctors try to delay chemotherapy during pregnancy to minimize the effects on the fetus. such decisions depend on how advanced the cancer is and how quickly it is developing. - if cancer is diagnosed in the third trimester, it may be possible to first deliver the baby, then start treatment. once the fetus ' s lungs are mature, as confirmed by amniocentesis, an early cesarean or induced delivery can shorten the wait till treatment. - if cancer is diagnosed in the first or second trimester, your doctors may try to delay chemotherapy as long into the second trimester as possible. - if advanced cancer is diagnosed in the first trimester, and immediate radiation and chemotherapy are necessary, your doctor may recommend ending the pregnancy. if you have been diagnosed with cancer during your pregnancy, you will be working with a number of health professionals. ask your cancer specialist ( oncologist ) for the name of a licensed medical social worker who can help support you through your treatment. a social worker can also help coordinate the various professionals involved with your care. references back to top credits back to top | primary medical reviewer | | sarah marshall, md - family medicine | | specialist medical reviewer | | kirtly jones, md - ob


roundworm infection in dogs roundworms ( nematodes or ascarids ) are parasites that live freely in the intestine, feeding off of partially digested intestinal contents. their name is derived from their tubular or " round " shape. toxocara canis and toxascaris leonina are two important species of roundworms in dogs. toxocara canis causes more significant disease and also may be transmitted to humans. how did my dog get roundworms? infected dogs shed the microscopic roundworm eggs in their feces. other dogs may become infected by sniffing or licking infected feces. roundworm eggs can also be spread by other animals such as rodents, earthworms, roaches and birds. in these animals, the roundworms are merely transported, and do not mature into adults ; if a dog eats this " paratenic " host, the roundworm is liberated and completes its maturation. " in the dog, the roundworm undergoes a complicated life cycle. " in the dog, the roundworm undergoes a complicated life cycle before mature roundworms are found in the intestinal tract. this involves several stages and includes migration through various bodily tissues. roundworm larvae ( immature worms ) can migrate and encyst throughout the host ' s body. this is important in the female dog because these encysted larvae will start to develop during pregnancy and ultimately cross the placenta into an unborn puppy. thus puppies can be born with roundworms and can pass fertile eggs from adult worms in their stools by the time they are approximately eleven days old. roundworm larvae may also enter the mother ' s mammary glands and be transmitted through the milk. are roundworms a threat to my dog? " the most common consequence of roundworms is growth reduction. " roundworms are most threatening to puppies. the most common consequence of roundworms is growth reduction. since roundworms eat partially digested food in the intestinal tract, if there is a large burden of roundworms they will rob the growing puppy of vital nutrients. the life cycle of toxocara canis is more complicated than that of other nematode worms found in dogs. roundworms can complete their life cycle in immature dogs, but as the pup ' s immune system matures ( usually by 6 months of age ), the larval stages will become " arrested " or encyst in the pup ' s muscles roundworm larvae swallowed by adult dogs


cycle in immature dogs, but as the pup ' s immune system matures ( usually by 6 months of age ), the larval stages will become " arrested " or encyst in the pup ' s muscles roundworm larvae swallowed by adult dogs usually encyst in the dog ' s tissues. few roundworms will mature in the bowel of infected adult dogs. consequently few eggs are passed in the stool leading to difficulty in definitive diagnosis and treatment. in intact female dogs, encysted toxocara canis larvae can resume development after estrus, and she can shed eggs in the stool at that time. with dogs that have been spayed or castrated, development of a roundworm infection may indicate that there is an underlying immune system disease that has allowed the encysted larvae to complete their life cycle. toxascaris leonina can complete their life cycle in any age of dog, or in cats. how are roundworms diagnosed? " in puppies, clinical signs such as stunted growth, potbelly, and recurrent diarrhea are a good indication of roundworm infection. " in puppies, clinical signs such as stunted growth, potbelly, and recurrent diarrhea are a good indication of roundworm infection. definitive diagnosis is made by microscopic examination of the dog ' s feces. is it true that children can get roundworm infections? if the infective eggs of toxocara canis are swallowed by people, the larvae can invade the tissues and become encysted in various organs. humans act like any other paratenic or accidental host. if a young child ingests a large number of infected eggs, clinical disease may become apparent. very rarely, liver problems may result from roundworm larval migration ( visceral larval migrans ). even less commonly, the larvae can migrate into the eye and cause blindness ( ocular larval migrans ). because of the risk of roundworm infection in humans, it is recommended by the centers for disease control ( cdc ) that all dogs be de - wormed monthly. modern monthly heartworm preventives also prevent roundworm infections and are highly recommend for all dogs and cats. " because of the risk of roundworm infection in humans, it is recommended by the centers for disease control ( cdc ) that all dogs be de - wormed monthly. " because of the risk of roundworm infection in humans, it is recommended by the centers for disease control ( cdc ) that


in humans, it is recommended by the centers for disease control ( cdc ) that all dogs be de - wormed monthly. " because of the risk of roundworm infection in humans, it is recommended by the centers for disease control ( cdc ) that all dogs be de - wormed monthly. modern monthly heartworm preventives also prevent roundworm infections and are highly recommend for all dogs and cats. how are roundworms treated? treatment is simple and effective. there are many safe and effective preparations available to kill adult roundworms in the intestine. many heartworm preventives contain medications that are effective against intestinal roundworms help prevent future infections. some of these preparations only the adult worms and do not affect migrating or encysting larvae. new products have recently been developed that will also affect the larval stages. your veterinarian will advise you on the best treatment and prevention plan for your pet. what about roundworm eggs shed in the environment? initially the eggs are not infective. after a period, which may vary from weeks to months, the eggs develop into infective larvae. under ideal conditions, this takes approximately four weeks. these infective larvae can remain viable in the environment for long periods of time and are particularly resistant to changes in temperature and humidity. the best environmental treatment is prevention. remove your dog ' s feces as soon as possible to prevent the spread and transmission of roundworms. what is the most effective strategy i can use to control infection in my dogs, protect my family and reduce contamination of the environment? deworm pregnant dogs in late pregnancy, after the 42nd day or after six weeks of pregnancy. this will help reduce potential contamination of the environment for newborn puppies. all puppies should be dewormed routinely, starting at about two weeks of age and repeated regularly. your veterinarian will design the most appropriate deworming schedule for your pets. the use of a heartworm preventative product that is effective against roundworms will stop the shedding of eggs into the environment. rodent control is important since rodents can serve as a source of infection. dogs should be prevented from defecating in children ' s play areas and there should be prompt disposal of all dog feces, especially in gardens, playgrounds and public parks. " practice strict hygiene particularly with children. " practice strict hygiene particularly with children. do not allow them to play in potentially contaminated environments and ensure proper and frequent hand washing.