necessary for optimum function of the pentose phosphate pathway and the related uronic acid pathway - avoid chronic carb over restriction due to prolonged very low or no carb diets. insufficient carb utilization may adversely affect the pentose phosphate pathway and its related udp glucuronic acid functions. - limit your carb consumption to one meal per day, preferably at night. that way you may be able to keep high insulin sensitivity toward the end of the day and thereby afford optimum carb utilization. - you can opt to cycle between days of low carbs and days of moderate to high carbs. this method could be highly effective in protecting against insulin resistance and preventing fat gain, while maximizing carb utilization for overall regeneration of tissue and ignition of energy. for instance, you can incorporate a high carb day followed by two days of low carbs ( high fat ), followed by a moderate carb day, followed by a low carb high protein day, and so on. - minimize simple carb consumption. prioritize your dietary carb intake. always choose complex carbs with low a glycemic index and those that are naturally high in fiber. the best choices for carb food are legumes, roots, squashes, barley, oats, wild rice and quinoa. whole complex carb food releases glucose at a slower rate than simple carb food and therefore may afford better glucose utilization with a decreased risk of insulin and blood sugar fluctuation. - do not eat carbs alone, in particular grains or roots. always combine these carbs with protein or fat to decrease their glycemic effect. carbs alone may provoke an insulin spike and a consequent low blood sugar with symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, irritability, headaches and a craving for sweets. bodybuilders and athletes should carefully design their pre - workout recovery meals to contain a high ratio of protein to carbs. - eating low glycemic whole fruits such as apples, berries or kiwis on an empty stomach is ok. nonetheless, it is highly recommended to squeeze lime or lemon juice on the top. acid slows the rate of carb absorption. the fiber in whole fruits significantly reduces the sugar impact and effectively enhances overall detox. - take multivitamin and multimineral supplements as well as efas to facilitate optimum assimilation of all essential nutrients. a lack of even one essential nutrient may lead to severe metabolic impairment and


sugar impact and effectively enhances overall detox. - take multivitamin and multimineral supplements as well as efas to facilitate optimum assimilation of all essential nutrients. a lack of even one essential nutrient may lead to severe metabolic impairment and compromise the ability of the body to utilize glucose and energy. b vitamins, in particular, are precursors to co - enzymes, which are vitally important for glucose and energy utilization. antioxidants are necessary for protection against oxidative free radicals and overall detox. note that active individuals, including bodybuilders and athletes, need to increase essential nutrients and antioxidant intake due to higher food consumption and increased oxygenation with their respective waste and toxin metabolites. dietary carbs should be regarded as a double edge sword. nonetheless, in times of so much confusion as to what to eat and how much, it ' s important to present another way of looking at food, including carbohydrate - rich foods. food should be regarded as a source of complete nourishment and as such, it should satisfy three requirements : - food should supply all essential and conditionally essential nutrients - food should be clean of chemical toxins. it should smell and taste well and be fully digestible. - food should supply an optimal amount of energy substrates ( including glucose ) to satisfy the body ' s metabolic needs. optimum means : the right amount needed - no less, no more! dietary carbs are a most viable source of conditionally essential glucose as well as fiber, minerals, oils and phytonutrients. carbs add unique taste, smell and aroma to food and are considered the cleanest and most digestible fuel. one should never dismiss the importance of smell, taste and overall satiety from food. hunger and satiety mark the presence of most powerful neuropeptides that aside from regulating feeding cycles, also regulate hormonal secretion, sleep - awake cycles, aggression and relaxation, regeneration of tissues ( growth ), overall energy expenditure and rate of fat burning. from that aspect, both sensation of hunger and satisfaction from food are necessary for maximum nourishment. food works as a source of nutrients and also as a neurocatalyst for other numerous critical metabolic functions that regulate the rate of growth, fat burning and energy production. chronically over restricting or eliminating dietary carbs from one ' s diet may lead to severe consequences including hormonal and neural impairments, stunted growth, sluggis


critical metabolic functions that regulate the rate of growth, fat burning and energy production. chronically over restricting or eliminating dietary carbs from one ' s diet may lead to severe consequences including hormonal and neural impairments, stunted growth, sluggish metabolism and advanced aging, notwithstanding chronic hunger, in particular craving for sweets, mood swings, depression and fatigue. saying all that, carbs should always be treated as the fastest to assimilate and most aggressive component of food. as noted, they should never be consumed too often during the day to avoid insulin resistance and blood sugar fluctuation. finally, use your instincts and common sense. through trial and error, you can find the right amount of carbs that your body needs. using old dietary methods such as carb depletion followed by carb the loading will enable you to periodically consume a large amount of carbs without gaining fat. remember, what you see is what you get, and in a related matter, what looks good, smells good and tastes good is generally good. regardless of what many low carb advocates say, our human body is well preprogrammed to ingest and utilize carbs. therefore, chronically over restricting or avoiding carbs may be biologically perceived by the body as a suppression of a primal need. when you go against your true nature, your body may come back with a vengeance to reclaim what was taken away from it, and it will do so by inducing an excruciating hunger with a chronic cravings for sweets, that often leads to compulsive binging on carbs and undesirable fat gain. do not deny your body from its primal need to eat carbs. do not tempt to fool your body with carb substitutes and artificial sweeteners. nothing can take the place of real dietary carbs and their critical function in your body. note : people suffering from diabetes and blood sugar related problems should consult their physician or health professional before adopting any dietary regimen. | | ori hofmekler is a modern renaissance man whose formative military experience prompted a life interest in survival science. defense nutrition ' s mission is to help people defend themselves against industrial and natural substances known for causing weight gain, hormonal disorders and cancer. find out more at www. defensenutrition. com


national alliance on mental illness page printed from http : / / www. nami. org / ( 800 ) 950 - nami ; firstname. lastname @ example. org using virtual reality to treat ptsd dr. robert mclay with some of the virtual reality equipment used for treatment. courtesy of johns hopkins university press by taylor poor, nami education program coordinator dr. robert n. mclay ’ s recent book, at war with ptsd : battling post traumatic stress disorder with virtual reality ( johns hopkins university press, 2012 ), offers a valuable lesson about treating people rather than diseases. after all, as the author says, “ doing mental health is not just about biology. ” posttraumatic stress disorder ( ptsd ) is a type of anxiety disorder associated with the direct or indirect experience of a traumatic event, and often involves memory disturbances, emotional detachment, hypervigilance ( abnormally increased arousal ) or insomnia. though soldiers have endured the psychological consequences of armed combat for millennia, ptsd has gained credence only recently as a biological disease with a potentially measurable impact on the brain, a disease that can occur at any age, following any type of traumatic experience, from assault or rape to war or a natural disaster. but the increase of ptsd ’ s validity as a clinical diagnosis does not protect service members and veterans from the shame of the stigma they face from comrades - in - arms — and from the civilian population once they return home. at war with ptsd : battling post traumatic stress disorder with virtual reality by robert n. mclay dr. mclay emphasizes the importance of looking at where patients are coming from before starting treatment, whether that ’ s the battlefield, a prison, or a home with domestic abuse. he draws from countless individual testimonies ( “ psychiatric fables ” ) to illustrate the diversity of patients who are looking for different solutions and who require different approaches. maybe the same basic treatment techniques will find success with both service members and non - service members experiencing ptsd, but for those service members, the idea that “ somebody else gets it ” is important ; it ’ s helpful to talk to a military psychiatrist rather than a civilian doctor. however, the distinction between combat ptsd and other types of ptsd isn ’ t necessarily clinical. dr. mclay explains that combat ptsd is typically a version of “ complex ptsd, ” involving multiple, compounded traumatic incidents ; unlike “ simple ptsd, ” which involves a single incident. however, the unique components of combat trauma


. dr. mclay explains that combat ptsd is typically a version of “ complex ptsd, ” involving multiple, compounded traumatic incidents ; unlike “ simple ptsd, ” which involves a single incident. however, the unique components of combat trauma, combined with the military atmosphere ( “ no problem marines can ’ t solve by more yelling ” ), demand a fine - tuned and circumspect treatment approach. dr. mclay always intended to join the military as a scientist, but “ put it on the back burner ” while at work on his b. a., m. a., ph. d. and m. d. when the navy offered him a job, he found the perfect arena for his psychiatric expertise : directing development programs for new technology to assist service members experiencing the stress of deployment. in 2008, he took a virtual reality machine with him on deployment to camp fallujah, iraq, where he tested the effectiveness of virtual reality therapy on soldiers living with ptsd in the field. from the service members he treated, he learned about the values of confronting traumatic experiences head - on, through reconstructed combat landscapes, as well as the limitations of any form of treatment in the face of stigma and skepticism. at the end of his book, dr. mclay talks about the future of ptsd treatment for service members. he asks about two components of this future : reduction in stigma and scientific improvements in treatment. regarding stigma, the current landscape remains bleak : the world of psychiatric treatment for military veterans is a murky swamp of “ perverse incentives ”, dr. mclay explained on the phone at the end of october. on the one hand, he believes initiatives to officially grant service members with ptsd eligibility for prestigious honors such as the purple heart ( an unsuccessful political cause since world war i, and one nami supports ) are well - intentioned efforts to reward bravery and to recognize that ptsd represents a real war wound, thereby reducing stigma. however, dr. mclay also believes that the difficulties of separating valid ptsd cases from “ malingering ” — faking illness to avoid duty — mean awarding the purple heart for ptsd could in fact worsen stigma as an unintended consequence. meanwhile, service members who face discrimination when they apply for disability benefits without a visible wound are unlikely to then seek treatment, and thus possibly lose those hard - won benefits. on the other hand, continuing advances in research and technology paint a brighter picture. dr. mclay has cautiously gained confidence in virtual


for disability benefits without a visible wound are unlikely to then seek treatment, and thus possibly lose those hard - won benefits. on the other hand, continuing advances in research and technology paint a brighter picture. dr. mclay has cautiously gained confidence in virtual reality treatments since his return to the u. s., but is “ convinced vr is not going to solve all our problems. ” other promising possibilities include : stellate ganglion block, or an anesthetic injection to a spinal nerve cluster that alleviates pain and some other ptsd symptoms ; transcranial magnetic stimulation ( tms ), which involves producing weak electric currents in the brain ; and “ third location ”, or staged, decompression, where instead of being transported straight back into civilian society, service members returning from duty can spend a period of time in a non - combat zone outside of their home country. all of these techniques serve to widen the array of treatment options that can be personalized to reflect an individual patient ’ s hopes and priorities. the reason dr. mclay ’ s book doesn ’ t feel like the typical treatise on a controversial mental health diagnosis is his unassuming tone. there is no pedagogy about symptomatology or the complexities of ptsd : he seems to be simply taking the reader along for the ride as he figures out the answers — or some possible answers, at least — to the very questions he ’ s just asked in the text. his final message, which he reiterates on the phone, is similarly simple : the only way to reduce stigma is “ to get the word out ” about mental illness, and particularly ptsd. with the help of accessible, informative and compelling books like at war with ptsd, that goal seems more reachable than ever.


nami ’ s position ( summarized from the nami policy platform ) treatment, not punishment : nami believes that persons who have committed offenses due to states of mind or behavior caused by a brain disorder require treatment, not punishment. nami believes that a prison or jail is never an optimal therapeutic setting. nami believes that mental health systems have an obligation to develop and implement systems of appropriate care for individuals whose untreated brain disorders may cause them to engage in inappropriate or criminal behaviors. treatment while in correctional settings : nami believes that states and communities have legal and ethical obligations to provide people with brain disorders humane and effective treatment while in correctional settings. training and education : nami believes that education about brain disorders at all levels of judicial and legal systems is crucial to the appropriate disposition of cases involving offenders with brain disorders. judges, lawyers, police officers, correctional officers, parole and probation officers, law enforcement personnel, court officers, and emergency medical transport and service personnel should be required to complete at least 20 hours of training about these disorders. consumers and family members should be a part of this educational process. nami believes that, in the overwhelming majority of cases, dangerous or violent acts committed by persons with brain disorders are the result of neglect or inappropriate or inadequate treatment of their illness. nami supports the retention of the " insanity defense " and favors the two - prong test that includes the volitional as well as the cognitive standard. nami opposes the adoption of " guilty but mentally ill " statutes. nami supports systems that provide comprehensive, long - term care and supervision in hospitals and in the community to individuals found " not guilty by reason of insanity, " " guilty except for insanity, or any other similar terminology used in state statutes pertaining to the insanity defense. parole and probation, transitional services : nami believes that states must adopt systems for assisting individuals with serious brain disorders who have served sentences and are eligible for release on parole with appropriate treatment and services to aid their transition back into the community. nami opposes the death penalty for persons with brain disorders. the " criminalization " trend is today worse than ever in 1992, nami and public citizen ’ s health research group released a report, entitled criminalizing the seriously mentally ill : the abuse of jails as mental hospitals, which revealed alarmingly high numbers of people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other severe mental illnesses incarcerated in jails across the country. most of these people had not committed major crimes, but either had been charged with misdemeanors or minor fe


revealed alarmingly high numbers of people with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other severe mental illnesses incarcerated in jails across the country. most of these people had not committed major crimes, but either had been charged with misdemeanors or minor felonies directly related to the symptoms of their untreated mental illnesses, or had been charged with no crimes at all. unfortunately, the problems described in that report have worsened in the ensuing years. a report issued by the united states department of justice in 1999 revealed that 16 percent of all inmates in state and federal jails and prisons have schizophrenia, manic depressive illness ( bipolar disorder ), major depression, or another severe mental illness. this means that on any given day, there are roughly 283, 000 persons with severe mental illnesses incarcerated in federal and state jails and prisons. in contrast, there are approximately 70, 000 persons with severe mental illnesses in public psychiatric hospitals, and 30 percent of them are forensic patients. additionally, police are increasingly becoming front - line respondents to people with severe mental illnesses experiencing crises in the community. conditions in jails and prisons are often terrifying for people with severe mental illnesses. these settings are not conducive to effectively treating people with these brain disorders. many correctional facilities do not have qualified mental health professionals on staff to recognize and respond to the needs of inmates experiencing severe psychiatric symptoms. correctional facilities frequently respond to psychotic inmates by punishing them or placing them in physical restraints or administrative segregation ( isolation ), responses that may exacerbate rather than alleviate their symptoms. inmates with severe mental illnesses usually do not have access to newer, state - of - the - art, atypical antipsychotic drugs because of the costs of these medications. federal and state prisons generally do not have adequate rehabilitative services available for inmates with severe mental illnesses to aid them in their transition back into communities. these alarming trends are directly related to the inadequacies of community mental health systems and services. the widespread adoption of systems with proven effectiveness in addressing the needs of people with the most severe mental illnesses, such as assertive community treatment programs, would sharply decrease the numbers of people with severe mental illnesses involved in criminal justice systems. however, since these programs are available only sporadically throughout the country, nami ’ s strategies for reducing criminalization focuses both on improving community mental health services and on addressing the treatment and support needs of people with severe mental illnesses in criminal justice systems. strategies for reducing the criminalization of people with severe mental illnesses : nam


nami ’ s strategies for reducing criminalization focuses both on improving community mental health services and on addressing the treatment and support needs of people with severe mental illnesses in criminal justice systems. strategies for reducing the criminalization of people with severe mental illnesses : nami is pursuing the following strategies for reducing the criminalization of people with severe mental illnesses : adopting programs such as the memphis police crisis intervention team ( cit ) program to train police officers who come into contact with people with severe mental illnesses in the community to recognize the signs and symptoms of these illnesses and to respond effectively and appropriately to people who are experiencing psychiatric crises. creating authority in state criminal codes for judges to divert non - violent offenders with severe mental illnesses away from incarceration into appropriate treatment. this includes authority for judges to defer entries of judgment pending completion of treatment programs and to dismiss charges and expunge the records of individuals who successfully complete treatment programs. establishing specialty " mental health courts " to hear all cases involving individuals with severe mental illnesses charged with misdemeanors or non - violent felonies, with the purpose of diverting as many of these cases as possible away from criminal incarceration into appropriate mental health treatment and services. in 2000, congress enacted and president clinton signed into law s. 1865, a bill authorizing grants to communities to establish demonstration mental health courts. however, the bill was enacted too late in the legislative cycle to obtain funding for these courts. therefore, one of nami ’ s priorities for the year 2001 is to ensure that congress appropriates funds for the implementation of s. 1865. training probate, civil, and criminal court judges and personnel about severe mental illnesses and legal issues affecting people with these illnesses. creating specialized divisions or units within departments of parole and probation with specific responsibility for coordinating and administering services for people with severe mental illnesses who are on probation. providing specialized training to parole officers about severe mental illnesses, the needs of people with these illnesses on probation, and treatment resources and benefits available to these individuals. for more information about nami ’ s activities on this issue or other policy areas, please call ron honberg at 703 / 516 - 7972. all media representatives, please call nami ’ s communications staff at 703 / 516 - 7961.


joined : 16 mar 2004 | posted : tue may 27, 2008 11 : 36 am post subject : assembly lines for nanotechnology. | 24 august 2007 rsc publishing - chemical technology nano production lines researchers in switzerland have built nanoscale cargo loading stations and shuttles, an important step towards assembly lines for nanotechnology. drawing of a nano conveyor belt biological assembly lines consist of kinesin proteins which carry cargo, like organelles or vesicles, and literally walk along microtubules. however, as far as man - made systems go, ' nothing comparable to a macroscopic assembly line exists at the nanoscale, ' according to viola vogel of the department of materials at the swiss federal institute of technology ( eth ) in zurich. ' imagine if you wanted to build a car by fabricating all of its components, putting them in a glass full of water and hoping that they would self - assemble spontaneously into the finished car. ' the challenge is to tune the interactions in the system so that the cargo remains stuck to the station when not needed, but can be picked up easily by the shuttle. as a test of principle, vogel and colleagues used gold nanoparticles coated in anti - biotin antibodies as cargo, and compared loading stations made of biotin - tipped dna with biotin - tipped polyethylene glycol. biotinylated microtubules, powered by kinesin motors, act as shuttles rather than conveyor belts, as they do in cells. vogel and team then tracked the fate of the gold nanoparticles with scanning electron microscopy. they found that the shuttles did indeed pick up the nanoparticles and that they held on to them, with a loss rate of about 28 % over 12 minutes. they also found that dna stations are more effective than polymer ones. ' future challenges will be to combine the main components of a transport system : pick - up of cargo from defined locations, guided transport, and controlled discharge of the load at the final destination, ' commented vogel. she went on to caution : ' the problems are always in the details of working through the engineering challenges of interfacing biological molecules with synthetic devices. ' story posted : 24th august 2007


materials science research rack heats up for valuable space station science have you ever wondered how we develop new materials or find out what properties we can change in existing materials to improve them? scientists and researchers at nasa are doing just that through materials science research using the materials science research rack ( msrr ) aboard the international space station materials science research is the applied study of the properties of matter and substances. this type of research in space benefits from the microgravity environment, and it allows researchers to isolate chemical and thermal properties of materials from the effects of gravity. the msrr is about the size of a large refrigerator and contains two furnace inserts that can heat materials to temperatures of 2, 500 degrees fahrenheit. cartridges are placed inside the furnace insert one at a time for processing. once a cartridge is in place, the experiment can be run from the ground. processed samples are returned to earth as soon as possible for evaluation and comparison of their properties to samples from similarly processed cartridges on the ground. researchers have used the rack to process 16 samples of different materials since the facility launched to the space station in 2009. in late 2011, there was a loss of communications between the msrr and the computer that controls it. the automatic safety procedures on the rack caused it to shut down as designed ; but, in doing so, it also caused the temperatures inside the furnace to exceed their normal limits. these higher temperatures caused some of the material inside the furnace to become bonded to the furnace itself. this required the station crew to clean the furnace and remove the materials. to prevent such an event from happening again, shawn reagan, manager of the msrr project at nasa ' s marshall space flight center in huntsville, ala., and his team worked with marshall engineers to design a software upgrade for the msrr. this update will prevent this scenario from occurring in the future, allowing the facility to begin processing samples again. " the msrr has been a great tool in understanding how different materials like ceramics or metals react when heat is applied to them in space, " said reagan. " the original design of the software that controls the msrr called for it to shut down within 30 seconds of losing communications from the main computer that controls it. through our experience over the last several years on how the msrr operates, we were able to design a much more efficient software program that will allow the furnace to stay operating for up to three hours after losing communications. this will give researchers enough time to troubleshoot any problems and prevent any contamination of the furnace due to overheating


were able to design a much more efficient software program that will allow the furnace to stay operating for up to three hours after losing communications. this will give researchers enough time to troubleshoot any problems and prevent any contamination of the furnace due to overheating of materials. " getting the msrr back online is important because applied materials science is essential for the development of new, safer, stronger and more durable materials for use throughout everyday life. one of the goals of performing research in space is to gain a better understanding of the role of gravity in the microstructural development during solidification. one of the first experiments performed on the msrr melted and solidified an aluminum and silicon alloy. this type of processing typically is used for producing commercially important products such as high temperature turbine blades. the msrr was fired up on jan. 23 and began its work processing the first of 11 new samples that will be tested over the next several months. " everything looks great and the first sample was processed successfully, " said reagan. " we are really proud of our team for working through these issues with the msrr and designing this software to make it work even better. this is what science is all about - - working through challenges and coming out of those with an even better product. " nasa ' s marshall space flight center


talking points on the environment # 14 checklist for endangered species act reform congress will soon take up the issue of endangered species act reform. before congress can devise a species protection plan that will work for all species - - both humans and wildlife - - it must first : - realize that the american people want genuine species protection and that an incentive - based plan must be devised. while most americans would object to the excesses of the current endangered species act - - excessive protections afforded the flat - spired snail, for example - - most favor some form of protection for the most valued species. the best way to protect these species while protecting individual liberty is through a voluntary, incentive - based - recognize that the current endangered species act has failed. some 900 plants and animals are currently listed as either " endangered " or " threatened " under the endangered species act ( esa ) and nearly 4, 000 other species are either candidates for future listing or are in the process of being listed. since the esa ' s inception 21 years ago, only 27 species have managed to get off the " endangered " list. of these, seven were delisted due to extinction. the remaining delistings were due to " data error " ( meaning the species was wrongly listed in the first place ), court orders, or species improvement unrelated to the esa. the esa has failed at its central mission - - protecting and recovering endangered and threatened species. - understand why the endangered species act has failed. the esa has failed because it creates perverse incentives that actually encourage the destruction of species habitat. under the esa, private landowners can be barred from engaging in activities such as farming if their property is identified as potential habitat for an endangered species. since the government offers no compensation for either the revenue or property value losses that result, landowners have an incentive to make sure their land will not attract species. they also have an incentive to harvest whatever natural resources their land possesses quickly while they still have access to them, damaging habitat in the - accept that a goal of reform is to eliminate injustice, not simply to limit that injustice to a relative few. the esa is fundamentally flawed and should be replaced. piecemeal reforms - - those that simply tinker with existing law - - will do little to protect endangered species and little to help those who have been forced to foot the bill for what is essentially a public good. a species protection plan that protects both species and individuals ' constitutionally - guaranteed private property rights is possible. but protection of property rights must be absolute : reforms that solve some of


have been forced to foot the bill for what is essentially a public good. a species protection plan that protects both species and individuals ' constitutionally - guaranteed private property rights is possible. but protection of property rights must be absolute : reforms that solve some of the esa ' s problems while continuing to place an unjust burden on small numbers of politically - powerless americans is unethical and doomed to failure. recommendations developed based on information from david ridenour of the national center for public policy research ; myron ebell, formerly of the american land rights association ; john shanahan of the heritage foundation ; " perverse incentives and endangered species, " by brian seasholes of the competitive enterprise institute, the washington times, april 6, 1995 ; and nwi resource, issue date : april 12, 1995 talking points on the economy : environment # 14, published by the national center for public policy research, 501 capitol ct ne, washington, d. c. 20002 tel. ( 202 ) 543 - 4110, fax ( 202 ) 543 - 5975, [ email protected ], http : / / www. nationalcenter / inter. net. for more information about talking points on the economy : environment # 14 contact bob adams at 202 / 543 - 4110 or < < < return to the science and environment < < < return to the talking points on the environment cards page < < < return to the ncppr home page


by william wasden jr. introduction by cle – alls ( dr. john medicine horse kelly ) the potlatch is the traditional way that north america ' s northwest aboriginal people have always celebrated important events. potlatches are the gatherings at which communities install chiefs, adopt new family members, make peace and more. these lavish affairs include feasting, speeches, gift – giving, songs and dances. but, between 1884 and 1951, the canadian government outlawed our potlatches. since then, slowly, very slowly, we have begun anew to openly conduct these crucial celebrations and all that goes with them. non – aboriginal authorities also attempted to nullify our ability to identify ourselves in our own words. now, many of us are reviving our traditional names, both individuals and entire nations. as a haida, my taas laanaagaas clan ( sandy beach people ) gave me the name of my grandfather, the rev. minister peter kelly : cle – alls ( fireweed, or the orator ). that name is an immense honour. but it is an equally immense responsibility. i use cle – alls daily now and prefer it to my english name. a growing number of people in our region do the same. years ago, the great professor franz boas ( 1858 – 1942 ) and his eminent disciples laboured long and hard to document our languages and cultures. i, for one, appreciate their efforts. however, even those well – meaning people made mistakes. for example, professor boas called one first nation the kwaguił. but, the proper name that covers all those people is kwakwaka ' wakw. also, see how i have spelled kwagu ' ł? the " ł " symbol refers to a special sound that is like a breathy ' t ' and ' l ' combined into one. but, it does not occur in english, so professor boas chose to write the ł as " tl ". it is as close as an english – only keyboard can get. the ł sound suggests an important truth : northwest coastal aboriginal languages, dances, songs, stories, sounds, words and meanings belong solely to our peoples. we treat them as heirlooms, as other north americans regard gold, silver, or diamonds. northwest cultures are unique to the kwakwaka ' wakw nation and its neighbors, the salish, tlingit, tsimshian, nisga ' a and my own people, the haida.


( naturalnews ) contamination of water supplies and illegal use of veterinary drugs has led to the severe contamination of chinese fish farms, with potentially serious health consequences for those who eat the fish. china produces 70 percent of the world ' s farmed fish, and since the 1980s has become the biggest seafood exporter in the world. yet this growth has only exacerbated the pollution problems already facing china ' s water sources. the high density of fish farms in regions like the fuqing province in the south has led to the discharge of huge quantities of wastewater into already compromised rivers. " our waters here are filthy, " said ye chao, an eel and shrimp farmer from fuqing. " there are simply too many aquaculture farms in this area. they ' re all discharging water here, fouling up other farms. " the chinese government has declared more than half of the rivers in the country too polluted to drink from. many sections of fuqing ' s major waterway, the long river, have been declared too toxic for any use. pollution of river and coastal waters comes from rapidly growing industries that are discharging pesticides, oil, mercury, lead, copper and agricultural runoff. this pollution has caused massive die - offs at fish farms, leading farmers to illegally mix veterinary drugs into their ponds to try and keep their fish alive. according to farmers who eventually abandoned such practices, not using drugs led to an immediate 30 percent increase in fish mortality. beyond the health risks to the fish themselves, pollution causes the accumulation of toxic substances in the bodies of the fish, which poses a health risk to people who eat them. " there are heavy metals, mercury and flame retardants in fish samples we ' ve tested, " said ming hung wong, a biology at hong kong baptist university. wang wu, a professor from the shanghai fisheries university, attributes the problem to unbridled growth. " for 50 years, we ' ve blindly emphasized economic growth, " he said. " the only pursuit has been gdp, and now we can see that the water turns dirty and the seafood gets dangerous. " have comments on this article? post them here : people have commented on this article.


national scenic riverway wisconsin & minnesota free flowing and unpolluted, the namekagon and st. croix rivers flow through some of the most scenic and least developed country in the upper midwest. today 405 kilometers ( 252 miles ) of these rivers are preserved as part of the national wild and scenic rivers system. the st. croix national scenic riverway, which includes the namekagon, was established in 1968 as one of the original eight rivers under the national wild and scenic rivers act. the lower st. croix national scenic riverway was added to the system in 1972. together they form a riverway that offers outdoor enthusiasts achance to enjoy a wilderness - like experience and a variety of outdoor recreation opportunities within easy reach of a major metropolitan area. on the upper st. croix and namekagon rivers rapids challenge the canoeist, although none of the riverway ' s waters are classified as whitewater. at the lower end, where the river widens out as lake st. croix, power and sail boating are popular. campers, picnickers, swimmers, and birdwatchers enjoy its variety of scenes throughout. anglers are attracted by the variety of fish lurking in the rivers, from trout and bass to muskellunge and sturgeon. the riverway is managed through the cooperative efforts of - the national park service, - the minnesota and wisconsin departments of natural resources, and - the northern states power company. upper st. croix and namekagon the upper st. croix and namekagon part of the riverway offers varied canoe environments on 322 kilometers ( 200 miles ) of rivers. the namekagon river begins at namekagon lake dam. it lies entirely in wisconsin, flowing 158 kilometers ( 98 miles ) south and west to join the st. croix river near danbury. the namekagon begins as a narrow trout stream closed in by forest and meanders through a wide valley for much of its length. the river occasionally widens into marshy or swamp - like areas popular for waterfowl watching. the lower namekagon passes through an area of high sandy banks with many sharp bends. this stretch offers canoeists a wilderness - like experience because there is no development visible from the river. at four areas, dams form lake - like stretches called flowages. you can end canoe trips above these flowages, to avoid the slack water, or sort below the dams, to avoid having to portage. the st. croix river is designated as the st. croix river national scenic riverway starting at a


dalles, which formed as meltwaters from retreating glaciers cut a deep, vertical - walled gorge through bedrock. for about 3. 2 kilometers ( 2 miles ) here the st. croix, in places 21 - 30 meters ( 70 - 100 feet ) deep, flows its fastest. the dalles mostly lie within two interstate state parks. both offer short hiking trails to geologic features, and developed campgrounds, swimming beaches, picnic areas, and boat launch ramps. on the minnesota side you can rent a canoe or take a boat tour to see the scenic dalles from the best vantage point, right on the water. as it leaves the dalles, the river becomes wider and shallower and passes between high banks for the next 32 kilometers ( 20 miles ). although development is visible from the water for 24 kilometers ( 15 miles ) on this stretch, it is popular with canoeists. the shallower water, lack of rapids, and absence of large powerboat waves make it suitable for beginning canoeists. about 35 kilometers ( 22 miles ) below the dam the apple river flows into the st. croix, creating a large sandbar. near here the river becomes deeper and slower - moving. large powerboating becomes the major use. forty - three kilometers ( 27 miles ) downstream the valley widens still more and, for the last 40 kilometers ( 25 miles ) of riverway, the river is known as lake st. croix. here you enter the state - administered area. from near stillwater, minnesota, the riverway ' s largest city, south to afton, minnesota, shoreline development is more visible and the area is classified recreational. near hudson, wisconsin, south of stillwater, the river reaches its maximum width, 2, 255 meters ( 7, 400 feet ) and sail - boating predominates. further south the river passes two developing state parks, one on either side. the general park map handed out at the visitor center is available on the park ' s map webpage. for information about topographic maps, geologic maps, and geologic data sets, please see the geologic maps page. a geology photo album has not been prepared for this park. for information on other photo collections featuring national park geology, please see the image sources page. currently, we do not have a listing for a park - specific geoscience book. the park ' s geology may be described in regional or state geology texts. parks and plates : the geology of our national parks, monuments & seashores. lillie, robert j., 2005.


a park - specific geoscience book. the park ' s geology may be described in regional or state geology texts. parks and plates : the geology of our national parks, monuments & seashores. lillie, robert j., 2005. w. w. norton and company. 9 " x 10. 75 ", paperback, 550 pages, full color throughout the spectacular geology in our national parks provides the answers to many questions about the earth. the answers can be appreciated through plate tectonics, an exciting way to understand the ongoing natural processes that sculpt our landscape. parks and plates is a visual and scientific voyage of discovery! ordering from your national park cooperative associations ' bookstores helps to support programs in the parks. please visit the bookstore locator for park books and much more. st. croix national scenic riverway still has much to learn about the riverway and the species that inhabit it. park staff and researchers set up studies to establish baseline inventories and monitor population trends. inventories are a snapshot in time of a particular population. monitoring looks at those populations and track how they change over time. information about the park ' s research program is available on the park ' s research webpage. for information about permits that are required for conducting geologic research activities in national parks, see the permits information page. the nps maintains a searchable data base of research needs that have been identified by parks. a bibliography of geologic references is being prepared for each park through the geologic resources evaluation program ( gre ). please see the gre website for more information and contacts. nps geology and soils partnersassociation of american state geologists geological society of america natural resource conservation service - soils u. s. geological survey general information about the park ' s education and intrepretive programs is available on the park ' s education webpage. for resources and information on teaching geology using national park examples, see the students & teachers pages.


born at belbrook house, mountrath, queen ' s county, ireland, 1810 ; died at manchester, n. h., 17 september, 1884. left motherless in infancy, she was confined to the care of a maternal grant - aunt who undertook the formation of her religious character according to the method of fenelon. naturally of a gay disposition, she was carried away by the frivolities of fashionable life until her scruples led her to confide in her director. she followed his advice in offering her services to the foundress of the congregation of the sisters of mercy, whom she assisted in instructing the little inmates of the house for homeless children recently erected. assuming the plain black habit of the institution in 1828, she conducted the affairs of the home while mother mcauley and two foundress companions were making their novitiate in the presentation convent of george ' s hill preparatory to the founding of the new congregation. after their return as professed sisters of mercy she and six companions assumed the garb of the congregation. in 1837 sister mary francis xavier was appointed superior of the convent at carlow, which had been built under her supervision and was the first house of the congregation outside of dublin. in 1839 she founded the convent of naas and in 1840 that of weyford, to which soon after its establishment the public orphan asylum was affiliated. from wexford foundations have been sent out as far as australia. the convent of sligo is perhaps the most noteworthy of her irish foundations on account of its flourishing training - school for teachers. in 1843 bishop o ' connor of pittsburgh applied to carlow for a foundation for his diocese, and mother warde with a band of six left for america. at pittsburgh the sisters took charge of the cathedral sunday school and the instruction of adults. mother warde ' s power of language and sympathy allied to ardent zeal won many to the church. parochial schools and academies, visitation of the sick poor in their houses and in the poor house, visitation of the penitentiary, and the opening of the first hospital in pittsburgh followed each other in rapid succession. in 1846 a foundation was made in chicago in compliance with mother warde ' s promise to bishop quarter. in 1848 she opened a second branch house in the alleghanies on land given by the reverend demetrius gallitzin within the limits of his catholic settlement of loretto. in 1850, though the " knownothings " had recently burned the convent of the ursulines near boston, mother warde accepted the invitation of bishop


given by the reverend demetrius gallitzin within the limits of his catholic settlement of loretto. in 1850, though the " knownothings " had recently burned the convent of the ursulines near boston, mother warde accepted the invitation of bishop o ' reilly of hartford to open a house in providence. after the sisters ' installation a mob surrounded the convent, threatening them with death if they would not immediately vacate the premises. mother warde exacted a promise from each of their catholic defenders that no shot would be fired except in self defence, and the sisters held possession of the convent. one of the rioters had remarked to his companions : we made our plans without reckoning the odds we shall have to contend with in the strong controlling force the presence of that nun commands. the only honourable course for us is to retreat from this ill - conceived fray. i, for one, shall not lift a hand to harm these ladies. in 1852 mother warde opened houses in hartford and new haven to which free schools were attached ; later on academies were opened and the works of mercy inaugurated. in 1854 mrs. goodloe harper, daughter of charles carroll of carrollton, donated to the congregation a house and some ground at newport, r. i., for a convent and schools. her daughter, miss emily harper, was also a generous benefactor. in 1857 free and select schools were opened at rochester, and later at buffalo, by desire of bishop timon. on 16 july, 1858, mother warde and a band of missionaries left providence for manchester, by invitation of bishop bacon of portland, and there established night schools for factory children. st. mary ' s academy was opened the same year. in 1861, at the request of bishop wood, mother warde opened a convent at philadelphia, where free schools and the works of mercy were instituted. in 1864 a foundation was sent to omaha ; in 1865 a branch house and schools were opened at bangor, maine ; in 1871 a colony of sisters was sent to yreka, california, and north whitefield mission, maine, was undertaken by mother warde, who likewise sent foundations to jersey city, bordentown, and princeton, n. j. in 1857 bishop bacon requested her to open an orphanage in portland, but a disastrous fire delayed the work until 1872, when the burlington foundation had been begun. the kavanagh school was given to the sisters by miss winifred kavanagh ; an academy was also opened at portland. on the feast of the exaltation of


delayed the work until 1872, when the burlington foundation had been begun. the kavanagh school was given to the sisters by miss winifred kavanagh ; an academy was also opened at portland. on the feast of the exaltation of the holy cross, 1878, mother warde sent the sisters to labour among the indians of maine at old town, pleasant point, and dana ' s point. the government builds the schools houses and pays the sisters salaries for teaching the indian children. mother warde ' s last works were the opening of an old ladies ' home and a young ladies ' academy at deering, maine. at the time of her golden jubilee in 1883 mother warde was the oldest sister of mercy living. her salient characteristics were great purity of heart, earnestness of purpose, sincerity, and large - mindedness. she was exceedingly reserved, but sympathizing and compassionate towards others. endowed with rare common - sense, she was an optimist in all things. in appearance she was of medium height, erect, and of commanding presence ; her forehead was high, and her blue eyes deeply set. life of mother m. xavier warde ( manchester ) ; annals of sisters of mercy, iii - iv. apa citation. ( 1912 ). mary francis xavier warde. in the catholic encyclopedia. new york : robert appleton company. http : / / www. newadvent. org / cathen / 15553a. htm mla citation. " mary francis xavier warde. " the catholic encyclopedia. vol. 15. new york : robert appleton company, 1912. < http : / / www. newadvent. org / cathen / 15553a. htm >. transcription. this article was transcribed for new advent by thomas m. barrett. dedicated to my grandmother, mary loretta ashley barrett. ecclesiastical approbation. nihil obstat. october 1, 1912. remy lafort, s. t. d., censor. imprimatur. + john cardinal farley, archbishop of new york. contact information. the editor of new advent is kevin knight. my email address is feedback732 at newadvent. org. ( to help fight spam, this address might change occasionally. ) regrettably, i can ' t reply to every letter, but i greatly appreciate your feedback — especially notifications about typographical errors and inappropriate ads.


even a material 10 billion times as strong as steel has a breaking point. it seems neutron stars may shatter under extreme forces, explaining puzzling x - ray flares. neutron stars are dense remnants of stars gone supernova, packing the mass of the sun into a sphere the size of a city. their cores may be fluid, but their outer surfaces are solid and extremely tough - making graphene, the strongest material on earth, look like tissue paper by comparison. these shells may shatter, though, in the final few seconds before a pair of neutron stars merges to form a black hole - a union thought to generate explosions known as short gamma - ray bursts. david tsang of the california institute of technology in pasadena and colleagues have calculated how the mutual gravitational pull of such stars will distort their shape, creating moving tidal bulges. as the stars spiral towards each other, orbiting ever faster, they squeeze and stretch each other ever faster too. a few seconds before the stars merge, the frequency of this squeezing and stretching matches the frequency at which one of the stars vibrates most easily. this creates a resonance that boosts the vibrations dramatically, causing the star ' s crust to crack in many places - just as a wine glass may shatter when a certain note is sung, the team says ( physical review letters, doi : 10. 1103 / physrevlett. 108. 011102 ). the star ' s gravity is too powerful to let the pieces fly away, but the sudden movement can disturb its magnetic field, accelerating electrons and leading to a powerful x - ray flare. that could explain observations by nasa ' s swift satellite in which a blast of x - rays preceded some short gamma - ray bursts by a few seconds. combining observations of x - ray flares with those of gravitational waves emitted by the stars as they spiral together could fix the exact frequency at which the shattering occurs, which would reveal more about the stars ' mysterious interiors, says tsang. if you would like to reuse any content from new scientist, either in print or online, please contact the syndication department first for permission. new scientist does not own rights to photos, but there are a variety of licensing options available for use of articles and graphics we own the copyright to. have your say only subscribers may leave comments on this article. please log in. only personal subscribers may leave comments on this article


how to learn 5000 words 1. choose your level for easy english news. 2. read every news article in your level once. 3. look at all new words in the dictionary. 4. read the article again. 5. if there is audio or video under the article, listen to it. listen to it many times. stop only when you understand perfectly all the words. 6. listen to old articles and check if you still understand them. if you read and listen to one article every day, your reading and listening skills can be better fast. you will learn very fast and after some time you will not have to translate into your own language. you will simply understand. why? when you learn english, you have to learn in the whole sentences and in context. you have to learn how to understand with no translations. when you listen to people in your native language, you don ' t translate. you simply understand. the same has to be in english. students who translate english texts, do exercises and do tests are very good at translating, doing exercises and doing tests, but they have usually a big problem with english listening and understanding fast in real life. in real life, nobody waits for your translation. people usually use simple and basic english when they speak but they use it fast. you have to understand with no translation like in your native language. if not, you cannot be part of communication because you are slow. these words are maybe hard but they are true. you also have to hear every new word 5 to 10 times if you want to remember it. that ' s why we use the same words in one level. if you read and hear the same words again and again, you will understand them and remember them. if you know words from one level perfectly well, you can go to a higher level and learn new words. it is important to go step by step, and read and listen to words which are used in english often. this is what we do. in our short news, we use words which are used in english often. level 1 has 1000 most important words. level 2 has 3000 words and in level 3 we use 5000 most important words. so, if you want to understand english fast and learn fast, read one article or more a day. you can improve your reading and listening fast. we are trying to do everything possible to help you learn english fast and understand it. that ' s why we prepare easy english news for you. when you use this website every day, you can learn 5000 words which you


xanthoma is a skin condition in which certain fats build up under the surface of the skin. xanthomas are common, particularly among older adults and people with high blood lipids. xanthomas vary in size. some are very small, while others are bigger than 3 inches in diameter. they may appear anywhere on the body, but are most often seen on the elbows, joints, tendons, knees, hands, feet, or buttocks. they may be a sign of a medical condition that involves an increase in blood lipids. such conditions include : xanthelasma palpebra, a common type of xanthoma that appears on the eyelids and may occur without any underlying medical condition, is not necessarily associated with elevated cholesterol or lipids. a xanthoma looks like a sore or bump under the skin. it ' s usually flat, soft to the touch, and yellow in color. it has sharp, distinct edges. your health care provider will examine the skin. usually, a diagnose of xanthoma can be made by looking at your skin. a biopsy of the growth will show a fatty deposit. you may have blood tests done to check lipid levels, liver function, and for diabetes. if you have a disease that causes increased blood lipids, treating the condition may help reduce the development of xanthomas. if the growth bothers you, your doctor may remove it. however, xanthomas may come back after surgery. the growth is non - cancerous and painless, but may be a sign of another medical condition. the growth may cause a change in how you look. this is called cosmetic disfiguring. call your health care provider if xanthomas develop. they may indicate an underlying disorder that needs treatment. control of blood lipids, including triglycerides and cholesterol levels, may help to reduce development of xanthomas. skin growths - fatty ; xanthelasma errors in metabolism. james wd, berger tg, elston dm, eds. andrews ' diseases of the skin : clinical dermatology. 10th ed. philadelphia, pa : saunders elsevier ; 2005 : chap 26. massengale wt, nesbitt lt jr. xanthomas. in : bolognia jl, jorizzo jl, rapini rp, eds. : dermatology. 2nd ed. philadelphia, pa : mo


##engale wt, nesbitt lt jr. xanthomas. in : bolognia jl, jorizzo jl, rapini rp, eds. : dermatology. 2nd ed. philadelphia, pa : mosby elsevier ; 2008 : chap 91. semenkovich cf. disorders of lipid metabolism. in : goldman l, ausiello d, eds. cecil medicine. 23rd ed. philadelphia, pa : saunders elsevier. 2007 : chap 217. updated by : kevin berman, md, phd, atlanta center for dermatologic disease, atlanta, ga. review provided by verimed healthcare network. also reviewed by david zieve, md, mha, medical director, a. d. a. m., inc. the information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. a licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. call 911 for all medical emergencies. links to other sites are provided for information only - - they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. copyright 1997 - 2013, a. d. a. m., inc. duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by adam health solutions.


we have been chatting about lowercase ls a lot around here lately because my son recently gained a new sight word fire ( it ’ s always all in caps on extinguishers, fire doors etc.. ) – and the uppercase i throws him off sometimes. so we had a brief discussion about fonts ( using your computer to show all the silly different ways to make the same letter is a great way to play with that idea ), and decided since we were talking so much about this letter we ’ d use it for this week ’ s craft. - gather your materials. you will need a full sheet of blue construction paper, some white, yellow and red as well. glue, blue markers, scissors and sea life stickers. - write a lowercase l on some white paper. - start by having your child draw waves on the paper. i was so surprised that this was my son ’ s favorite part, he was so into it, carefully drawing squiggly lines. - next add sea life to the ocean. this is not a must do step but i think it ’ s important to reinforce some learning about the sea. we took time to talk about the different animals on the stickers ( crabs, sea horses, fish and starfish ) and peeling those little stickers off is great fine motor practice. - while they are working on their ocean, cut out the red roof and yellow ray of light. - hand them the lowercase l, ask them what letter it is, sounds it makes and why you are making it into a lighthouse. - my son insisted on making red stripes on it, so i grabbed him a crayon. ( mental note where is my red marker?? can ’ t find it anywhere. ) - cut the l out. - add glue to your ocean - add your lighthouse, my son ’ s was way to the right only because he didn ’ t want to cover any of his stickers. place yours wherever as long as it ’ s vertical. - add the roof - add the ray of light and let dry. over the irish sea when i was 1 i sucked my thumb and then i went to sea i climbed aboard a pirate ship and the captain said to me “ let ’ s go this way, and that way. backwards and forwards, over the irish sea! ” * continue counting with rhyming words like 2 and shoe, 3 and knee etc books about the sea! stanley at sea by linda bailey made me giggle. the story is about 4 dogs


way. backwards and forwards, over the irish sea! ” * continue counting with rhyming words like 2 and shoe, 3 and knee etc books about the sea! stanley at sea by linda bailey made me giggle. the story is about 4 dogs that go out to sea unintentionally when they are searching for food. while out there they start wondering when outside will end because the sea is so wide and they are so far from land. one dog suggest that outside will end when then hit a fence. sure enough they hit what they think is a fence, what readers know is a tanker and are rescued and fed steak and sausages they can eat before being returned to their owners. doggie nirvana for sure. i love that the book is presented through the dog ’ s perspective, it gives young kids a chance to laugh and correct the dogs ideas about the things they encounter. my very own lighthouse by francisco cunha is a book about what it ’ s like to watch a parent go out to sea while you wait at home for their safe return. the little girl in this book is worried about her dad who is a fisherman so her mom explains to her why there are lighthouses. she decides to make her very own so that she can keep her daddy safe. i love the authors deep understanding of childhood anxiety, and how he has her gain some control by making her very own lighthouse with toys and a star. it ’ s not realism ( using a star as the light ), but any child will relate to the shift in power from being afraid and having nightmares to feeling as though she is actively helping keep her dad safe. a sea - wishing day by robert heidbreder is a wonderful tale of adventure, pirates, mermaids and treasure! the best part the little boy and his canine companion never really leave his backyard in the city, instead the adventure is all in their imagination. anyone with a preschooler will appreciate this book, playing pretend is a huge part of most 3 - 5 year old ’ s playtime, and it should be. this book encourages, as well as celebrates that as this little boy discovers adventures on the high sea. you may also like : boat b! when i presented my son with 4 different b themes to choose from his choice was clear, “ boat bbbb boat, boat let ’ s make a boat! ” so we did. i have been enjoying watching him trace the letters now instead of scribbling on them randomly like he used to. it ’ s clear his ability to


, “ boat bbbb boat, boat let ’ s make a boat! ” so we did. i have been enjoying watching him trace the letters now instead of scribbling on them randomly like he used to. it ’ s clear his ability to write is naturally emerging and i am tickled to see it come out like this. what new development have you seen your child do recently? leave a comment and share! - gather your materials. you will need 3 full sheets of construction paper, and one smaller blue piece for waves, glue, scissors and markers. the letter stickers are optional. - start by writing a large lowercase b on one sheet of construction paper. - have your child decorate it as they see fit. mine like i said is big into tracing, which is very interesting since i have never once done a letter tracing work sheet with him. - while they do that draw 2 sails and a boat on another sheet, as well as some waves on the smaller blue piece. - have them color the sail and boat with markers when they are done with the b. - my son insisted on cutting out the waves himself. so i grabbed his scissors too. i cut out the boat and sails while he was doing this. - glue the waves on the remaining full sheet of paper. - glue the b on and add the glue for the boat and sails. - add the sails. - add the boat. - give the boat a name - using the letter stickers and let dry. sail away by donald crews was a huge hit. i can ’ t say i am surprised at all my son loves this author and it ’ s easy to understand why. the text is simple, as is the premise of the book. readers don ’ t get deeply invested in the characters, they are faceless people on a sail boat, instead the focus is on the boat istself. where it goes, how the weather affects it and how it gets beck to where it started from. i have always enjoyed the use of light in donald crews books, you don ’ t have to explain to your child that a storm is coming or that time has passed because the light in the illustrations does the explaining for you. great boat book! toy boat by randall de seve is a story that will pull at your heart as well as make you cheer, well it made my 3 year old cheer anyway! a little boy makes his very own toy boat and plays with it, in the tub and even sleeps with it. one day when he is at


pull at your heart as well as make you cheer, well it made my 3 year old cheer anyway! a little boy makes his very own toy boat and plays with it, in the tub and even sleeps with it. one day when he is at the beach it floats off into the open ocean. it ’ s turbulent, scary and well anxious to see this tiny boat made of household things fight the waves. my son was visibly shaken by it ’ s unintentional freedom. with a little help from a friendly fishing boat the toy boat returns home and both boat and boy rejoice. this is a common theme for boat books - but the illustrations by loren long really help this one stand out above the others. my son cheered every time we read the part when they are reunited! more boat crafts & books pretend play activities that combine imaginative play with crafts are our favorite things to do lately. also our supplies are made up of many recycled and reusable materials. this can be done with boxes, wagons pretty much anything your child can sit in! when they are pretending go along with their suggestions and let them lead. it ’ s your turn to ask “ why? ” and follow along. most of all have fun. - gather your materials. we are using a laundry basket, some party streamers, a wrapping paper tube, some painters tape, pipe cleaners, a paper grocery bag, sticky back foam, markers and scissors. - start by having your child decorate the mast of the sail ( aka the wrapping paper tube ) with markers and foam. - while they are doing that, draw a sail on the inside of the grocery bag. - fold and cut two layers ( so the inside is facing out ) of sail. - decorate the sail with markers and foam. - tape the sail to the mast. i am using painters tape because my son likes the blue. any tape will work. - decorate the boat. we weaved the party streamers in and out of the little holes on the sides of our basket. i didn ’ t want anything sticky in the basket since my laundry does sometimes get put in it. - attach the mast. i am using pipe cleaners wrapped around the tube and tied to the basket. like i said above i didn ’ t want sticky tape residue on my basket. if you are using a box no biggie but this worked for us. i covered the sharp edges with painters tape which also won ’ t leave a residue. - all aboard! we played ferry boat, and the drink you


residue on my basket. if you are using a box no biggie but this worked for us. i covered the sharp edges with painters tape which also won ’ t leave a residue. - all aboard! we played ferry boat, and the drink you see was part of our pretend play. i had to be the lady in the ferry cafeteria and make him a drink before he got back in his honda and we docked. hey it got some banana into him too! - gather your materials. you will need construction paper, a blue marker, scissors and glue. - give your child the marker and a piece of construction paper to draw the water and waves. - while they are drawing the turbulent sea, cut out a semi circle, a long thin rectangle, two triangles and 3 small circles. - when they are done break out the glue! add the glue for the boat first. - add the semi circle boat. - next add the glue for the mast and the rectangle. - time to add the triangles - dot on three dots of glue for the port holes. - add the little circles. - sail away! “ the seaside switch ” by kathleen v. kudlinski is a book packed with information about tides and creatures in the sea. as a child i found nothing more fascinating than a tide pool and all the scurrying crabs and this book captures that. it ’ s main story is how the tide changes throughout the day and brings with it different animals. the book is too long for most toddlers but my son enjoyed pointing out the animals in the book. ” busy boats ” by tony mitton is a fun little book packed full of good information about boats. the text is short, rhymes and matches the illustrations perfectly. it ’ s hard to find non fiction books that small ones will sit for and listen to, the cartoon characters in this book will grab and keep your child ’ s attention, i also like how small the books are, perfect for car rides and longer travel! boats are big deals around our house, i hope you like our creation! - gather your materials. you will need a paper towel roll, the top of an egg carton, some tissue paper, glue, paint scissors and tape. - paint the egg carton. we used the dot a art paint, because it goes on with very little mess and had a playdate shortly after art time but any paint will do, just keep it thin so it doesn ’ t saturate the carton. - next up the paper towel roll mast


art paint, because it goes on with very little mess and had a playdate shortly after art time but any paint will do, just keep it thin so it doesn ’ t saturate the carton. - next up the paper towel roll mast! - while your child is painting, cut the tissue paper into a sail. - glue onto the mast. - add a layer of tape on top to keep the sail in place. you don ’ t have to do this but i find tissue paper is so flimsy that i did 3 layers and needed glue on the bottom and tape on top. - glue the mast onto the boat, i poured a ton of glue and stuck the roll into it. let dry. - voila, your boat is beautiful and environmentally responsible! ” an island in the soup “ by mirelle levert is an award winning book, and it ’ s easy to see why. the story follows a little boy who refusing to eat imagines a fantasy world in his bowl of soup, it rains peas and carrots and he encounters a bad fairy but in the end he eats his delicious soup. the illustrations are perfect although the bad fairy ’ s unibrow is very very frightening! ” busy boats ” by tony mitton is s cute little book that uses cartoony characters to help explain all about boats and how they work. this is a perfect book for children who ’ s attention isn ’ t held by a non fiction book, but wants to know more about boats!


internet citizen science databases salamander study : this project has students collect data on the proximity of salamanders to a stream. during the field portion, students check under " wood cookies " for salamander locations. what are the abiotic conditions when salamanders are found further from the stream? explore our data to find out. ozone bio - monitoring study : ground - level ozone creates visible symptoms on sensitive plants that are exposed to this invisible air pollutant. students collect data on the percent of ozone damage covering leaves on plants growing in our monitoring garden. explore the data to find out what the symptom looks like, how quickly it progresses and how you might be able to monitor in your schoolyard. terrestrial invertebrate study : changes in climate can result in subtle shifts in phenology ( life cycle events such as when an insect emerges or when a plant blooms ). students collect data on insect orders found living in decaying leaves in our study plot. explore the data to find out if the appearance of certain insects is shifting over time. water quality study : all streams in the smokies originate in the park but even they are not pristine because of acid deposition and recreational activities in the park. compare data collected by students in the park with a stream near your schoolyard. how does the ph differ, which location gets the most stonefly larvae? lichen monitoring : lichens absorb nutrients from the air when they are wet which makes them sensitivie to acid deposition. data is collected on the perecentage of coverage of three different lichen growth forms on selected trees throughout great smoky mountains national park. are sensitive lichen growth forms being replaced by more tolerant groups? using the databases, students can compare changes over time and geography. hands on history : search photos, transcribed interviews and other first hand personal accounts of life in the region before great smoky mountains became a national park. there is also a database containing information from every cemetery and every gravestone located in the smokies. check out the teacher resource section for classroom activities. how to participate click any of the database links to explore our student citizen science research projects. are you doing a similar study in your own schoolyard? add your location to the hands on the land database to track your own research findings. just become a member of the hands on the land network of educators. - grade levels : - third grade - graduate level ( masters, phd ) - anthropology, aquatic studies, biodiversity, biology : animals, biology : plants, botany


for immediate release06 - 07 to conduct aerial survey of deer in kensico basin commissioner emily lloyd of the new york city department of environmental protection ( dep ) announced today that within the next two weeks the dep is going to conduct an aerial survey of the deer population in the area surrounding the kensico reservoir the survey will use an infrared camera mounted on a single engine cessna airplane, and will be conducted at night from an altitude of approximately 1000 feet. the study will map the deer population within a 4 - mile by 6 - mile area of westchester covering the kensico drainage basin. “ deer can have a detrimental effect on watershed areas by reducing or eliminating forest regeneration, ” said commissioner lloyd. “ damage to the forests can lead to loose or unstable soil, which then increases the amount of soil that runs off into the water system during and after a rainfall or snow melt. more data are needed if officials are to develop an effective strategy for managing the deer herd in the county. ” a healthy, vigorously growing forest consumes more nutrients, reducing the amount of nutrients in watercourses and reservoirs and thereby aiding in water quality protection. a resilient forest with various sizes of trees is also able to recover faster from various events, such as damage from weather. dep has worked extensively with westchester county and pace university on the effects of whitetail deer. a conference on deer management was held at pace in november 2005, which led to the decision by dep to conduct the deer survey. survey work will be done by vision air research of boise, idaho, using a red and white cessna. the flight will be coordinated with the federal aviation administration so as to not interfere with operations at westchester county airport.


us youth soccer has recently adopted a sports concussion protocol. everyone should develop an awareness and watch for this type of injury. us youth soccer concussion resources us youth soccer concussion procedure and protocol us youth soccer concussion notification form crucial concussion evaluation info for coaches by dev k. mishra, m. d. how should a coach evaluate a young athlete for a possible concussion? the key word in that first sentence is “ possible, ” meaning that a coach who is not medically trained should not make the definitive diagnosis of a concussion. your job is to assess the athlete and determine whether you suspect a concussion, remove that athlete from play, and send the athlete for evaluation by a medical professional trained in sports concussion management. i highly recommend the pocket scat2 concussion assessment tool, which you can download here < http : / / www. sportconcussionlibrary. com / content / concussion - information - coaches - and - first - responders - trainerstherapists >, under the heading " assessment tools. " if your athlete has taken contact and has any one of the features noted on the card you should suspect a concussion and remove the athlete from play : * loss of consciousness * seizure or convulsion * “ pressure in head ” * neck pain * nausea or vomiting * blurred vision * balance problems * sensitivity to light * sensitivity to noise * feeling slowed down * feeling like “ in a fog “ * “ don ’ t feel right ” * difficulty concentrating * difficulty remembering * fatigue or low energy * more emotional * nervous or anxious the downloads available at the sports concussion library < http : / / www. sportconcussionlibrary. com / content / concussion - information - coaches - and - first - responders - trainerstherapists > offer more detailed information, and should be studied by coaches. if the athlete is unconscious, do not move, shake, or attempt to rouse the athlete. call for emergency medical transportation immediately. stay with the athlete until help arrives. if the athlete is unconscious it is a medical emergency. as our knowledge about concussion has improved it ’ s clear to us that the definition of concussion needs to change. long gone are the days when an athlete needed to be knocked unconscious or close to unconscious before it was deemed a concussion. we know now that even a headache that happens after contact to the player ’ s head, player ’ s body, or by the ground to the player ’ s body can be an early indicator of a concussion. essentially, the definition of concussion is quite a bit broader than it


a headache that happens after contact to the player ’ s head, player ’ s body, or by the ground to the player ’ s body can be an early indicator of a concussion. essentially, the definition of concussion is quite a bit broader than it once was. what that means for the coach is that there are going to be a lot more suspected concussions. it means that you ’ ll likely deal with situations where you ’ ll ask yourself questions such as “ it ’ s just a headache, do i really have to hold this player out after something like that? ” my advice to you : yes, you need to hold that player out of practice or competition and the player should seek medical attention urgently. use your best judgment and be overly cautious. the final phrasing on the scat2 card says what you need very clearly : “ any athlete with a suspected concussion should be immediately removed from play, urgently assessed medically, should not be left alone and should not drive a motor vehicle. ” ( dr. dev k. mishra is the creator of the sidelinesportsdoc. com < http : / / sidelinesportsdoc. com / > injury management program for coaches. he is an orthopedic surgeon in private practice in burlingame, calif. he is a member of the team physician pool with the u. s. soccer federation and has served as team physician at the university of california, berkeley. this article first appeared on sidelinesportsdoc. com < http : / / blog. sidelinesportsdoc. com / >. )


oecd home › environment › publications & documents › news release most of the action to address climate change will need to take place in developing countries, but developed countries should shoulder much of the cost, said oecd secretary - general angel gurria today in a speech at the united nations climate conference in bali. the impact of climate change and urban development could more than triple the number of people around the world exposed to coastal flooding by 2070, according to a new report by the oecd, co - authored by experts from academia and the private sector. in russia 47 million people are exposed to high concentrations of nitrous dioxide. half the population in rural tajikistan, and one - third in moldova, lack access to clean water. leaded petrol is sold legally in tajikistan and turkmenistan. many regions in the alps had the warmest november on record, delaying the arrival of snow by several weeks and worrying ski operators. as the first flurries are coating alpine slopes, questions arise : was this balmy autumn an exception or a harbinger of the effects.. nahezu alle skigebiete in deutschland und rund 70 prozent der skiregionen in osterreich mussen durch den klimawandel um die schneesicherheit furchten und damit um die wirtschaftliche grundlage des wintertourismus. klimawandel in den alpen : anpassung des wintertourismus und des naturgefahrenmanagements - nahezu alle skigebiete in deutschland und rund 70 prozent der skiregionen in osterreich mussen durch den klimawandel um die schneesicherheit furchten und damit um die wirtschaftliche grundlage des wintertourismus. in der schweiz zeigt sich ein geteiltes bild : auch in den meisten skigebieten im berner oberland, in der zentralschweiz, im waadtland the oecd global forum on sustainable development, in cooperation with the world bank and agence francaise de developpement, will discuss how governments in developing countries can work with local private water companies to provide affordable safe water and basic sanitation. oecd secretary - general angel gurria has welcomed the publication this week of the stern review to the uk government on the economic consequences of climate change. the report was compiled by sir nicholas stern, former chief


hip size of mothers linked to breast cancer in daughters 02 / 21 / 11 portland, ore. in a study of the maternity records of more than 6, 000 women, david j. p. barker, m. d., ph. d., and kent thornburg, ph. d., of oregon health & science university discovered a strong correlation between the size and shape of a woman ' s hips and her daughter ' s risk of breast cancer. wide, round hips, the researchers postulated, represent markers of high sex hormone concentrations in the mother, which increase her daughter ' s vulnerability to breast cancer. a woman ' s hips are shaped at puberty when the growth of the hip bones is controlled by sex hormones but is also influenced by the level of nutrition. every woman has a unique sex hormone profile which is established at puberty and persists through her reproductive life. the study ' s findings show for the first time that the pubertal growth spurt of girls is strongly associated with the risk of breast cancer in their daughters. the study, carried out with colleagues in finland and the united kingdom, is described in an article just published online by the peer - reviewed american journal of human biology. the authors followed up on 6, 370 women born in helsinki from 1934 to 1944 whose mothers ' pelvic bones were measured during routine prenatal care. the study found that breast cancer rates were more than three times higher among the women in the cohort, born at or after term, whose mothers had wide hips they were more than seven times higher if those mothers had already given birth to one or more children. a woman ' s vulnerability to breast cancer, the study found, was greater if her mother ' s " intercristal diameter " - the widest distance between the wing - like structures at the top of the hip bone - was more than 30 centimeters, or 11. 8 inches. the risk also was higher if these wing - like structures were round. the breast cancer risk was 2. 5 times higher for the daughters of women in whom the widest distance was more than 3 centimeters greater than the distance at the front. barker, professor of medicine ( cardiovascular medicine ) in the ohsu school of medicine as well as professor of clinical epidemiology at the university of southampton in the u. k., is internationally known for discovering the relationship between low birth weight and the lifetime risk for coronary heart disease and other medical disorders, which the british medical journal has named the barker hypothesis. he has published more


university of southampton in the u. k., is internationally known for discovering the relationship between low birth weight and the lifetime risk for coronary heart disease and other medical disorders, which the british medical journal has named the barker hypothesis. he has published more than 200 papers and written or edited five books about the developmental origins of chronic disease. he was honored in 2005 with the prestigious danone international prize for nutrition for his pioneering research. the ohsu study published today proposes that breast cancer is initiated in the first trimester of a pregnancy by exposure of the embryo ' s developing breast tissue to the mother ' s circulating sex hormones. the primary mammary cord, which gives rise to milk - producing breast lobules, develops in the fetus at 10 weeks. the fetal breast is known to be stimulated by circulating hormones ; the intensity of the stimulation is such that half of all newborn babies have breast secretions. " our findings support the hypothesis that wide round hips reflect high levels of sex hormone production at puberty, which persist after puberty and adversely affect breast development of the daughters in early gestation, " the authors commented. they could only speculate, they said, on the exact nature of this adverse effect but pointed out : " catechol estrogen, a metabolite or estradiol, is thought to cause chromosomal instability by breaking dna strands. high catechol estrogen concentrations in the maternal circulation could produce genetic instability in differentiating breast epithelial cells, which would make the breast vulnerable to cancer in later life. " " epidemiological findings of this kind aren ' t designed to define precise biological or molecular mechanisms, " said grover bagby, m. d., deputy director of the ohsu cancer institute. " however, for those of us involved in identifying the earliest molecular causes of cancer, these fascinating results define the types of questions we need to ask. this is a wake - up call telling us to pay attention to stem cell populations at the time of birth … a good deal earlier than we might have otherwise done. it is important to consider these cell populations because only by understanding the initial cause can we begin to develop rational strategies to prevent this very common cancer. " the daughters who were the subjects of the study were all born during 1934 - 1944 at either helsinki university central hospital or city maternity hospital, the two maternity hospitals in finland ' s capital. the occurrence of breast cancer among them was ascertained from national registers of all hospital admissions and deaths in finland. three hundred of


1934 - 1944 at either helsinki university central hospital or city maternity hospital, the two maternity hospitals in finland ' s capital. the occurrence of breast cancer among them was ascertained from national registers of all hospital admissions and deaths in finland. three hundred of them had had breast cancer of whom 48 died from the disease. their mean age when they were diagnosed was 54. the findings shed new light on the link between breast cancer and nutrition. " mothers whose daughters developed breast cancer were of similar height to the other mothers, " barker and thornburg reported. " this suggests that they had similar nutrition through childhood. our findings do not therefore indicate that good nutrition through childhood is linked to breast cancer in the next generation. but they do show that the pubertal growth spurt of girls, which reflects the level of nutrition, is strongly associated with the risk of breast cancer in their daughters. " the authors of the journal article besides barker and thornburg, who is director of the ohsu heart research center and professor of cardiovascular medicine in the ohsu school of medicine, were clive osmond, senior scientist at the medical research council epidemiology resource center at the university of southampton ; eero kajantie and tom j. forsen, both of finland ' s national public health institute ; and johan g. eriksson, who holds positions at both the national public health institute as well as with the university of helsinki ' s department of public health. barker and osmond have collaborated with eriksson and his finnish colleagues for the past 12 years tracing some 20, 000 men and women in the helsinki birth cohort study. the american journal of human biology is published by wiley - liss, inc., a subsidiary of john wiley & sons, inc. the full text of the study, entitled “ a possible link between the pubertal growth of girls and breast cancer in their daughters, ” is available in “ early view ” at http : / / www3. interscience. wiley. com / cgi - bin / fulltext / 116327402 / pdfstart the link to the abstract is : http : / / www3. interscience. wiley. com / cgi - bin / abstract / 116327402 / abstract


research help tutorial : using academic search premier when you have a paper or project assignment that requires scholarly research, you ’ ll probably want to use a library article database. one of the largest databases available at our library is academic search premier. finding academic search premier first go to the library webpage. then click on articles and databases. academic search premier is at the top of the list of databases. click on the words academic search premier. using academic search premier now that you ’ re in the database, please note that the title of the database is listed just above the basic search box. you may think that the database is called “ ebsco ” or “ ebscohost ” but that ’ s the name of the company that provides the database. you may need to know that “ academic search premier ” is the title of this database when you are documenting your sources in your paper. on the basic search page, you ’ ll see many options for searching. two of the most important ones are on the lower left. if you click full text you ’ ll limit your search to only articles available online, and you ’ ll miss out on many articles that actually available in other databases. if you click scholarly ( peer - reviewed ) journals you ’ ll narrow your search to only scholarly journals. the term “ peer - reviewed ” means that experts have evaluated the article before publishing it. type a keyword or two in the basic search box, and click search. you ’ ll see a list of results and the number of results will be reported at the top of the left hand column. each result will be numbered and start with the title of the article, followed by the authors, journal title, as well as volumes, dates, and pages. below the information about the article will be a number of subject terms, which are like tags for each article. they may give you some ideas for alternate keyword searches. on the same results page, you ’ ll see on the left, several options for narrowing your search, such as subject terms and geographic areas. if you find an article on the results list that sounds interesting, you can hover your mouse over the magnifying glass icon ( at the end of the article title ) and read the abstract or summary in a pop - up box. if you are ready to read the article, you can click on pdf full text to pull up the article. from the pdf page, you can use the print and save functions at the top of the page to print the article or to save it


. if you are ready to read the article, you can click on pdf full text to pull up the article. from the pdf page, you can use the print and save functions at the top of the page to print the article or to save it to your computer or flash drive. emailing and citing articles if you click on the title of the article, you ’ ll see a list of options on the right. one of the options is email. click on the email icon, and enter your email address. you can use any email address. click send at the bottom left. another option, under the email icon, is cite. when you click on cite, you ’ ll see a pop - up window which lists the article in five or six different citation styles. you can copy and paste the citation you need into your paper. your instructor will tell you which style to use, such as mla. remember that you may need to narrow your search, using keyword phrases or more specific terms, such as “ teenage online risks. ” alternately, you may need to broaden your search, such as “ privacy. ” try several combinations of keywords and synonyms. you may need to use the “ advanced search ” button ( which is found under the basic search box at the top ) to do a more precise search or to search for a specific author or journal title. need more help? if you need more help, go back to the library webpage and click on ask a librarian. you ’ ll find the chat widget, the phone number, and the email address for the reference librarians. we ’ ll be glad to offer more help!


the r project for statistical computing is an open source language and programming environment that provides a wide variety of data manipulation, statistical analysis, and data visualization capabilities. r is a successor to the s software originally developed at bell laboratories. r is a gnu project and is freely available under the terms of the gnu general public license. the software runs on windows, mac os, and a wide variety of unix platforms. even for people who aren ' t expert statisticians, the power of r is alluring. working interactively or using an r script, with just a few lines of code a user can perform complex analyses of large data sets, produce graphics depicting the features and structure of the data, and perform statistical analyses that can quickly answer questions about the data. this article introduces r and demonstrates a small slice of its capabilities, using data from the stock market and real estate industry as input. i developed and ran the demonstrations in this article on a vision computers pc running debian linux ( sarge version, " stable " ). i installed r version 2. 1 using the standard debian advanced package tool ( apt ) utility. to run r interactively, open a terminal window, create a work directory, enter the directory, and execute r : figure 1. the r command window r ' s command language takes some getting used to, but knowing just a few commands provides enough knowledge to perform basic statistical analyses and generate plots for any data set that can be formatted into a one -, two -, or three - dimensional rectangular grid. r commands can be lengthy, because most functions have many optional settings parameters. so it ' s very convenient that the up and down arrow keys in the r command window recall previous command - line entries, which you can then edit. this lets you work toward your data analysis goal incrementally by modifying and extending previously entered command lines. a simple starting point is a vector or array of numbers. i downloaded historical standard and poor ' s ( s & p ) 500 stock index data and wrote a perl program to convert the data into a simple two - column table. figure 2 shows a snippet of the start of the file. figure 2. the sp500. txt file format read. table ( ) function reads an external file into an r data frame variable. to read the s & p 500 data file and make a simple plot of the close price over time, enter the following commands at the r prompt ( > dv < - read. table ( ". / sp500.


r data frame variable. to read the s & p 500 data file and make a simple plot of the close price over time, enter the following commands at the r prompt ( > dv < - read. table ( ". / sp500. txt ", header = 1 ) > sp500value = dv [, 2 ] > plot ( sp500value, type = " l " ) the first line reads the file sp500. txt into the data frame variable header = 1 setting identifies that the file has a one - line header consisting of nondata text, which r must ignore. the data frame dv is a two - dimensional array. the first index identifies the row number ( starting with 1 ), and the second identifies the column number ( starting with 1 ). the second command line tells r to assign variable sp500index to the values in the second column of the data frame. the third line tells r to plot the index data using a line ( type = " l " ) to connect the data points. the result appears in a new window ( figure 3 ). figure 3. the s & p 500 close price plot when you pass only one vector of data to the r plot ( ) function, it makes an x / y plot using the point index as the x value and the specified data vector points as the y value. because the data file lists the data in historical order, the plot shows the value of the s & p 500 index over time. that ' s not bad for three lines of code! however, you can make a prettier, better annotated plot easily by using the plot ( ) function ' s optional arguments. for example, to add a title, a subtitle, and axis labels, enter : > plot ( sp500value, type = " l ", main = " s & p 500 ", sub = " [ 3 - jan - 1995 thru 29 - jul - 2005 ] ", xlab = " day ", ylab = " value " ) this produces the plot shown in figure 4. figure 4. an annotated s & p 500 close price plot proceeding further, you could use r ' s axis classes to produce an x - axis that uses the dates stored in column 1 of the data frame for labels. see the r documentation for details. after generating a plot, r provides options for adding new data. the 90 - day moving average is plotted on stock index graphs published in the wall street journal