san francisco - - construction workers at the future site of the transbay transit center in downtown san francisco on monday unearthed a columbian mammoth tooth and part of a jaw from about 11, 000 years ago buried about 110 feet below ground. a spokesman for the transbay joint powers authority, which is leading the project, called the tooth and partial jaw an " unlikely, extraordinary find. " the tooth was intact and well preserved, spokesman adam alberti said. the project ' s on - call paleontologist is assisting with the tooth and jaw excavation and will help move the ancient artifacts to the california academy of sciences in golden gate park, where they will eventually be on display. the jawbone is more deteriorated than the nearly 2 - foot long tooth that still has enamel ridges preserved on the side and top of the tooth, he said. alberti said previous finds at the construction site have included human relics, mostly from the gold rush era in the mid - 19th century when settlers were living in the area. the tooth and jaw come from a much earlier time in bay area history when now - extinct species like the columbian mammoth roamed the area. the closely related woolly mammoth had a furry coat and lived further north. during the icy pleistocene epoch about 1. 8 million to 11, 000 years ago, the san francisco area was a grassy valley where, along with mammoths, saber - tooth cats, giant sloths, mastodons, elk, tapirs and bison lived. the ancient bones were found at the eastern end of the site between minna and natoma streets at first street, which is under construction for the $ 4 billion transportation project. the first phase of the center is expected to be completed by 2017.


math10131 - 2006 / 07 - title : calculus and vectors - unit code : math10131 - credits : 15 - prerequisites : a - level mathematics - co - requisite units : this course unit can only be taken with math10131 sets, numbers and functions - school responsible : mathematics - member of staff responsible : dr. jack williams the programme unit aims to provide an introduction to the basic elements of calculus. brief description of the unit this lecture course introduces the basic ideas of complex numbers relating them the standard transcendental functions of calculus. the basic ideas of the differential and integral calculus are revised and developed. vectors in two and three dimensions are introduced and this leads on to the calculus of functions of more than one variable and the beginnings of vector calculus. on successful completion of this module students will have acquired an active knowledge and understanding of some basic concepts and results in calculus. future topics requiring this course unit almost all mathematics course units will rely on material in this course unit. - numbers and functions. basic algebra of real and complex numbers ; real line and complex plane ; graphs and curve sketching ; functions, domain and range, inverse functions ; standard functions and inverse functions ; basic algebra of real and complex numbers. - limits and differentiation. basic notion of limit and continuity ; discontinuities, left and right limits ; finding some limits ; definition of derivative ; derivatives of standard functions and their inverses ; sums, products, quotients and the chain rule ; implicit functions ; logarithmic differentiation ; higher derivatives ( use in curve sketching ). - infinite series. notation, basic notions of convergence, radius of convergence ; infinite taylor ' s series ; expansions for standard functions. - more on complex numbers. euler ' s theorem and de moivre ' s theorem ; polar form of complex numbers ( polar representation of the plane ) ; roots of unity ; complex forms of sin and cos, relationship to trigonometric identities. - integration. definite and indefinite integrals ; fundamental theorem of calculus ; techniques : linearity, integration by parts, partial fractions, substitution ; lengths of curves, surfaces and volumes of revolution. - vectors in 2 and 3 dimensions. representation as directed line segments ( magnitude, direction ) ; choice of axes, components, cartesian representation ; basic properties, addition, subtraction, polar representation and relationship with complex numbers in 2 dimensions ; scalar and vector product ; representation of lines, planes, curves and surfaces. - functions of more than one variable. partial


what is sea buckthorn, hippophae rhamnoides l, sea buckthorn berry, argousier, sanddorn, finbar, homokt? seabuckthorn and its history? - basic botanical data of sea buckthorn. - sea - buckthorn ( hippophae rhamnoides l. ). - phytochemicals and properties of sea - buckthorn berries. - nutritional values of sea - buckthorn berries. - what is the secret of sea - buckthorn berries?. - wonder - working berries, antioxidant and wide uses. - typical composition of the sea buckthorn fruit extract. - history of sea buckthorn. - research update : sea buckthorn or hippophae rhamnoides. applications and properties : colds and exhaustion. stomach and intestinal disorders. sea buckthorn ( hippophae rhamnoides ) is a very thorny shrub or small tree native to eastern europe and asia. it has nitrogen fixing properties and is very tolerant of drought and poor soils, so has been introduced as a shelter belt plant in some of the plains states and canada. in eastern europe and the former soviet union the berries are commonly harvested for juice, which has nutritious and other healthful properties. medicinal uses of extracted plant oils are also well documented in europe and asia. the relatively recent interest in sea buckthorn production is due to the fact that the berries are among the most nutritious and vitamin - rich fruits found. the berry can contain up to ten different vitamins as well as trace elements, fruit acid, sugar and oil. sea buckthorn is rich in proteins, and contains up to 18 amino acids. there are over 24 chemical elements present in the juice, including calcium, iron, and manganese. nutritional values : sea buckthorn is rich in proteins, 18 amino acids. elements including calcium, iron, and manganese. vitamin c, carotene, vitamin e ( mixed tocopherols ), folic acid, carotenoids ( including beta carotene, lycopene, zeaxanthine ), high in flavonoids, water soluble vitamins, fatty acids ( oils ) ; main unsaturated fatty acids are oleic acid ( omega - 9 ), palmitoleic acid ( omega - 7 ), palmitic acid and linoleic acid ( omega - 6 ), and linolenic acid ( omega


; main unsaturated fatty acids are oleic acid ( omega - 9 ), palmitoleic acid ( omega - 7 ), palmitic acid and linoleic acid ( omega - 6 ), and linolenic acid ( omega - 3 ) ; there are also saturated oils and sterols ( mainly beta - sitosterol ) ; organic acids including ascorbic acid, quinic acid, malic acid, flavonoids mainly isorhamnetin, quercetin glycosides, and kaempferol, the same flavonoids as found in ginkgo biloba. beautify birds and animals. dosage : total flavonoids 10 mg three times daily 6 weeks decrease in cholesterol level and improved cardiac function. safety and toxicity : - 1. what is sea buckthorn, hippophae rhamnoides l, sea buckthorn berry, argousier, sanddorn, finbar, homokt? seabuckthorn and its history? ♥the article and literature was edited by herbalist of mdidea extracts professional. it runs a range of online descriptions about the titled herb and related phytochemicals, including comprehensive information related, summarized updating discoveries from findings of herbalists and clinical scientists from this field. the electronic data information published at our official website www. mdidea. com and www. mdidea. net, we tried best to update it to latest and exact as possible. ♣ last edit date :


in this article what is the prognosis of ards? some people fully recover from ards. others continue to have health problems. after you go home from the hospital, you may have one or more of the following problems : you can take steps to recover from ards and improve your quality of life. for example, ask your family and friends for help with everyday activities. if you smoke, quit. smoking can worsen lung problems. talk to your doctor about programs and products that can help you quit. also, try to avoid secondhand smoke and other lung irritants, such as harmful fumes. go to pulmonary rehabilitation ( rehab ) if your doctor recommends it. a rehab program can show you how to return to normal activities and stay active. rehab may include exercise training, education, and counseling. your rehab team may include doctors, nurses, and other specialists. they will work with you to create a program that meets your needs. emotional issues and support living with ards may cause fear, anxiety, depression, and stress. it ' s important to talk about how you feel with your health care team. talking with a professional counselor also can help. if you ' re very depressed, your doctor may recommend medicines or other treatments that can improve your quality of life. joining a patient support group may help you adjust to living with ards. you can see how other people who have the same symptoms have coped with them. talk to your doctor about local support groups or check with an area medical center. support from family and friends also can help relieve stress and anxiety. let your loved ones know how you feel and what they can do to help you. last editorial review : 2 / 1 / 2010 viewers share their comments ards ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ) - treatment question : what kinds of treatment, therapy, or medication did you receive for ards? ards ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ) - experience question : do / did you or someone you know have ards? please share your experience. ards ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ) - signs question : what were your signs and symptoms associated with ards? ards ( acute respiratory distress syndrome ) - diagnosis question : describe the events that led to a diagnosis of ards. were you being treated for another condition? get the latest health and medical information delivered direct to your inbox free!


journal of great waters association of vol. x, no. 2, issue 20 dayton ’ s flags salute aviation pioneers dayton ’ s two flags, both the current and the former ones, recall that wilbur and orville wright, the inventors of the first airplane to fly, were dayton residents, the former having been born in millville, indiana, in 1867, and the latter, in dayton, in 1871. both flags feature one of their airplanes : one that flew famously ( and briefly ) at kitty hawk, north carolina, on december 17, 1904, and another that flew in 1917. today both ohio and north carolina remind us of the part the wright brothers played in each state with the mottos on their license plates. ohio boasts that it is “ the birthplace of aviation, ” while north carolina is proud to be “ first in flight. ” dayton ’ s current flag was adopted on june 11, 1958, in ordinance # 19061, which amends the code of general ordinances, section 153, as follows : the following design is hereby adopted as the official flag of the city of dayton, ohio : material : it shall be made of bunting or silk. dimensions : the standard size shall be three ( 3 ) feet in width and five ( 5 ) feet design : the flag shall be hung with the width fastened to the staff. the entire field shall be of royal blue color. at a distance of six ( 6 ) inches from the staff the word “ dayton ” shall be superimposed in white on the field in a vertical position. the word shall consist of block serif letters three and one - half ( 3 - 1 / 2 ) inches high and seven ( 7 ) inches wide. centered on the field thirty - eight and one - half ( 38 - 1 / 2 ) inches from the staff shall be a white gear. this gear shall consist of thirty - two ( 32 ) beveled teeth. the gear shall have an outside diameter of twenty - nine and one - half ( 29 - 1 / 2 ) inches, with teeth cut to a depth of two ( 2 ) inches. centered within the gear shall be a gray globe. the globe shall have an outside diameter of nineteen and one - half ( 19 - 1 / 2 ) inches. superimposed upon the gear in royal blue shall be a representation of the original wright brothers aeroplane, “ the kitty hawk ” in flight. this plane shall have a wingspan of eighteen and one - half ( 18 - 1 / 2 ) inches. the plane shall be


the gear in royal blue shall be a representation of the original wright brothers aeroplane, “ the kitty hawk ” in flight. this plane shall have a wingspan of eighteen and one - half ( 18 - 1 / 2 ) inches. the plane shall be flying away from the staff. the width of the tape or binding at the staff shall not be counted in any dimensions. flags manufactured in other sizes shall be in the same proportions as outlined above. the gray globe represents the influence that aviation has had around the world ; the gear stands for dayton ’ s industry. the flag was developed from designs submitted by michael j. spahr and karen kress, winners of a contest sponsored by the dayton chamber of commerce. they and the incumbent mayor, william patterson, were each presented with the new city flag by kenneth p. morse, president of the dayton chamber of commerce on the day the flag was adopted. this flag replaced an earlier flag, adopted august 15, 1917, in ordinance # 10570, which is entitled “ an ordinance adopting designs for a city flag and pennant, ” the provisions of which follow : section 1. the following design is hereby adopted as a design of the official flag of the city. material shall be ( american made ) bunting or silk. dimensions. the standard size shall be 10 feet in length and 6 feet in width, or in proportions thereto. design. the flag shall be parted perpendicularly into three parts or bars, the first and third bars to be each 30 inches wide, the second or center bar to be 60 inches wide. the first and third bars to be of a deep orange color and the second or middle bar to be white. superimposed upon the middle bar or white field, shall be a circle of navy blue 2 inches wide and 50 inches in diameter, outside measurement, located on the field within 5 inches of the top right and left - hand edges of the white field, and 17 inches from the bottom edge. within the blue circle and 1 inch removed from it a circle in deep orange 1 inch wide. the two circles shall be broken at two places by a flying aeroplane of the 1917 wright model, with a spread of the plane of 54 inches ; height of aeroplane, over all, 17 inches ; distance from upper edge of upper plane to lower edge of lower plane, at center 11 inches, each plane to show height of inches, leaving 4 inches clear between planes. in the upper left - hand corner of the white field, the end of the upper plane to be within


plane to lower edge of lower plane, at center 11 inches, each plane to show height of inches, leaving 4 inches clear between planes. in the upper left - hand corner of the white field, the end of the upper plane to be within 14 inches of the upper edge of the flag, while the other end of the upper plane, on the right hand side, to be 28 inches from the upper edge of the flag, the whole effect to be that of the aeroplane flying towards the observer, through and overlapping and extending beyond the beneath the aeroplane and in a curved line the word “ dayton ” in plain block letters 4 inches high, in navy blue color, the bottom of letters to be within one inch of the inner circle. all superimposed designs shall be applied upon both sides of the flag. the width of tape next to staff shall not be deducted from the first or orange bar, the width of 30 inches being maintained. section 2. the city pennant shall be triangular in shape. the standard size shall be 30 inches in length and 12 inches in width next to the staff, or in proportions thereto. it shall consist of three parts, the first part next to the staff to be 5 inches long, the next or middle part to be 15 inches, the third part to be 10 inches. the first and third parts shall be of deep orange color and the same as the city flag, and the middle part white. on the middle or white field the word “ dayton ” to be shown in plain block letters of navy blue color, ranging from the letter “ d ”, 6 inches high to the letter “ n ”, 3 inches high. section 3. authority to display flags or other decorations on, in or about the city hall or other public buildings is hereby vested in the city manager unless otherwise ordered by vote of the commission. ( jp )


a parenting perspective on the latest headlines jan 7, 2013 tv, furniture tip - overs cause injury, death in young children the u. s. consumer product safety commission found 2011 had the highest number of deaths due to these accidents. how can southeast michigan parents prevent this? families who got a new flat screen tv for the holidays may be ready to boot their clunky old cathode ray tube set and swap it for the cutting - edge set. but for families with toddlers and small children, it ' s imperative the switcheroo is done safely. in december 2012, the united states consumer product safety commission released a data report revealing that 2011 was the highest year for deaths caused by tv and furniture tip - overs, with 41 deaths on record. according to the cpsc, some of these incidents show that when families move their crt tubes elsewhere in the home, they don ' t anchor them to furniture properly. the cpsc estimates " more than 43, 000 consumers are injured each year in tip - over incidents, " with 59 percent of the injured consumers being children under 18. falling tvs account for more than half of tip - over deaths, cpsc reports. what are the statistics, and how can you ensure your child is safe from tip - overs at home? the cpsc found that one child dies every two weeks when a tv or other furniture falls on them. most of these children are between the ages of 1 and 5 years old. about 70 percent of the time, a tv accompanied with furniture – such as a dresser – falls on the child, they say. in december 2012, safe kids worldwide also released a research report titled " a report to the nation on home safety : the dangers of tv tip - overs. " toddlers climbing furniture is the cause of many of the recorded injuries and fatalities, they report. " large, heavy and old cathode ray tube ( crt ) televisions placed on dressers or high furniture could also slide off when a child tries to climb the drawers to reach the television or whatever else may be on top, " safe kids worldwide reports. " because of its weight, a 36 - inch crt television falling three feet creates the same momentum as a 1 - year - old child falling 10 stories. " keeping kids safe when safe kids worldwide surveyed parents for their report, they found that three of four parents didn ' t know about tvs toppling and causing injury to kids. once parents are aware of the dangers, they can childproof against these toppling tv or


when safe kids worldwide surveyed parents for their report, they found that three of four parents didn ' t know about tvs toppling and causing injury to kids. once parents are aware of the dangers, they can childproof against these toppling tv or furniture injuries, however. diane saincome, co - owner of d & m toddler inc., a childproofing and child safety company in novi, says that she recommends parents use straps to mount their televisions to the wall or secure them on stands. but, she notes, securing tvs " to the wall is your better option. " saincome says these straps can be found on the internet – and d & m toddler inc. installs them, too. other furniture such as bookcases or chests with drawers that can be climbed on " should all be secured to the wall, " she adds. cpsc also recommends that families keep remote controls or toys off of tv stands and furniture, which could deter them from climbing. all cords should be out of reach, too. safe kids worldwide suggests families check the stability of the tvs in their home and place crt tvs on low pieces of furniture. parents should install drawer stops on dressers so they cannot be pulled far out, and heavy items should be kept in low drawers and on low shelves.


the mexican revolution : a nation in flux - part 2 villa broke jail on christmas eve and was in el paso when huerta engineered the coup that overthrew madero. in february 1913 huerta staged a fake 10 - day artillery duel with a fake rival, felix diaz, nephew of the old dictator. the battle was phony only in the sense that huerta and diaz were secretly in cahoots - - the loss of life to civilians was all too real. purpose of the spurious engagement was to create a state of confusion in which huerta could seize power from madero. madero was deposed on the 18th and four days later he and his vice - president, jose pino suarez, were shot to death after being removed from their jail cells. nobody believed huerta ' s story that the two men had been killed in the crossfire when a rescue was attempted. a particularly sinister role in madero ' s overthrow was played by the u. s. ambassador, henry lane wilson. an aggressive advocate of dollar diplomacy who was temperamentally drawn to huerta - - both were alcoholics - - wilson detested madero and was involved up to his neck in huerta ' s consiracy to overthrow him. huerta set himself up as a military dictator but soon faced a challenge from the north. his enemies were pancho villa, a former federal senator named venustiano carranza and an ambitious, iron - willed ex - schoolteacher from sonora named alvaro obregon ( link obregon. ) adding to huerta ' s troubles was the u. s. occupation of veracruz. this action stemmed from mexico ' s refusal to give a twenty - one gun salute as an apology for having arrested nine american bluejackets who allegedly entered a prohibited zone in tampico. throughout 1913 - 14 huerta ' s forces were steadily driven back toward the capital. the campaign ' s most memorable engagement was the june 23, 1914 capture of zacatecas by villa ' s superbly equipped division del norte ( " division of the north " ). zacatecas finished huerta. he resigned june 15 and two days later he was on a german freighter bound for spain. victory over huerta did not bring peace but a new clash between revolutionary leaders that pitted villa and zapata against carranza and obregon. at first villa - zapata had the upper hand, with the leaders holding an epic december 4, 1914 meeting in mexico city following an abortive convention in aguascalientes. then


it was this charter, ( link 1917 constitution ) that so infuriated catholics with its anticlerical provisions. although the 1917 constitution also contained provisions to improve the lot of workers and peasant farmers, these were ignored by the carranza government. corruption was endemic and strikes were mercilessly broken. but carranza did manage to rid himself of a major enemy : emiliano zapata. zapata was slain april 10, 1919, being led into a trap by col. jesus guajardo, a federal officer who set up the ambush by pretending to defect to the zapatistas. obregon had gone into temporary retirement, returning to his native sonora to raise chick peas. but on june 1, 1919, he declared his candidacy for the june 1920 presidential election. in the fall of 1919 carranza announced that he would be supporting ignacio bonillas, then mexican ambassador in washington. it was a disastrous choice. bonillas, an m. i. t. graduate, had spent so little of his life in mexico that political enemies claimed he had difficulty speaking the language of his ancestors. they derisively called him " meester " bonillas and the clever obregon lost no time tapping into this sentiment. during the campaign pro - obregon railroad workers kept bonillas from making a scheduled appearance by derailing his train. deliberately fabricated rumors then went out that bonillas had canceled the appearance because it interfered with a spanish lesson he was taking. carranza retaliated with a reign of terror against obregon campaign workers. obregon, fearing that he was about to be arrested, fled mexico city and took refuge in chilpancingo, capital of guerrero state. on april 20 he announced that he was giving up the presidential campaign and would take arms against carranza. the carranza regime collapsed like a house of cards. while generals went over to obregon en masse, carranza and his corrupt followers loaded up an eight - car " golden train " with all the money and valuables they could lay their hands on and prepared to leave for veracruz. during the journey, attacks on the " golden train " caused carranza to abandon it in an attempt to escape on foot. on may 20, in a hut near the puebla village of tlaxcalantongo, he was treacherously murdered in his sleep by followers of a local bandit - turned - general named rodolfo herrero. herrero had previously welcomed carranza and promised him refuge.


does the state protect us? foremost among the services which the state claims to render society is its protection from other predatory states. this is a considerable service, to be sure. in former times, when political morals were differently phrased, the state prosecuted war with the avowed purpose of adding glory to its name by way of real - estate acquisitions, to say nothing of the ancillary purpose of bringing civilization to barbarians ; napoleon ' s avowed ambition was to impose on his victims the blessing of " liberty, fraternity, equality. " this is out of fashion these days ; wars are now waged to protect the nation from the aggressor, which is the name each side gives to the other. however, it is still de rigueur for the victorious state to add to its exploitable territory at the expense of the conquered. but we are not here concerned with the aims of war, nor with its causes or its avoidability ; what interests us is the effect on society ' s economy. does the housewife have more in her pantry, or less, as a result of the glorious adventure? does society acquire shortages or abundances? what is the economic profit of the military protection afforded by the state? putting this economic consideration aside, there is the inescapable fact that paying homage to a foreigner goes against the grain of tradition. until he made his accommodation to the inevitable, no decent saxon would have any truck with his norman overlords, and the indians always resented the british raj. it is this abhorrence of rule by foreigners that makes it easier to stir up a revolt against a state so composed than against an indigenous one. yet, on balance, are the indians better off, economically, under their own state than when the british ruled the roost? and the canadians, who did not emulate the americans in getting rid of the british crown, nevertheless enjoy a comparable standard of living. that is to say, regardless of the nationality of the state, society has to make its way by the usual process of laying labor to raw materials, and the vaunted protection of the state neither promotes nor facilitates that process. since society puts so high a value on independence from a foreign state, it should not demur at the cost of maintaining this independence. one must pay for what one wants. however, when we examine the most approved method of financing war we find that it is based on a general reluctance to foot the bill. every war is fought with current production — there is no way of shooting off guns


must pay for what one wants. however, when we examine the most approved method of financing war we find that it is based on a general reluctance to foot the bill. every war is fought with current production — there is no way of shooting off guns that have not yet been made or of feeding soldiers with food that will be raised by the next generation — and in a real sense every war is conducted on a pay - as - you - fight basis. but the producers of the means of war seem to put a lower value on it than do the management, for they demand receipts for what is taken from them to prosecute the war, receipts which become a claim on future production, not only as to their face value but also as to the interest which patriotism demands ; it is possible that if the state raised all the costs of war by taxes, issued no bonds or even issued only non - interest - bearing bonds, the war might be called off, which would be proof enough that society puts little worth on its political purposes. the economic consequence of the most approved method of financing wars is that a lien on the future production of the nation is established, and nearly always it is a permanent lien. that is, for all time to come, or as long as the state stays in business, the housewives ' pantries must contribute to the cost of a nation ' s past " protective " wars. but war, and the preparations for it, is attended with a charge that has nothing to do with protection and is a load that increasingly hampers society in its search for a better life. that is the power which the state acquires during war and does not relinquish when it is over. when the enemy is at the city gates, or there is a general fear that he is coming, the individual abdicates his self - reliance and places himself unreservedly under the direction of the captain ; he gives up his freedom in order to attain freedom. or so he thinks. but it is a matter of record that what he gives up is never fully returned to him, that he must fight his own captain to get back his natural heritage. the state jealously guards the power over society which it has acquired during a climate of fear. to prove the point, we need not review the history of ancient rome, where a succession of protective wars ended up in the servitude of the people to the emperors ; we need only list and add up the interventionary powers acquired by the american state during the wars it


owl or nothing : an endangered northern spotted owl perches in a tree in an old - growth forest on bureau of land management property near roseburg, ore. ( photo : zuma press ) could the endangered species act itself become endangered? many conservation advocates think so, pointing to a recently proposed policy change that could make it harder for wildlife to receive protection under the 39 - year - old law. and on monday, gop presidential candidate rick santorum added fuel to the fire, criticizing the esa as a " radical ideology " that puts " critters above people " ( see video below ). the policy - change debate began late last year, when the u. s. fish and wildlife service and the national marine fisheries service proposed a new way of re - interpreting a five - word phrase in the esa. the esa currently defines an endangered species as one that ' s " in danger of extinction in all or a significant portion of its range, " but it doesn ' t clearly define " significant portion of its range. " that phrase, sometimes abbreviated as " spoir, " is important because it means a species doesn ' t need to be at risk of dying off everywhere to receive protection. but under the obama administration ' s proposed changes, spoir would be redefined as a portion of habitat so vital that the overall species — not just its local population — would be in danger of extinction without it. " this policy is like ignoring an injured patient in the emergency room and jumping into action only when he ' s at death ' s door, " noah greenwald of the center for biological diversity said in a recent press release. " if this policy had been in place when the endangered species act was passed, the bald eagle would never have been protected in any of the lower 48 states, because there were still a lot of eagles up in alaska. " ( bald eagles were nearly wiped out of the contiguous u. s. last century, but the esa helped them recover. they were removed from the endangered species list in 2007. ) the center for biological diversity was one of 89 environmental groups that sent a letter of protest to the fws last week, along with a similar letter signed by 97 conservation scientists. the conservation groups ' letter expressed two main concerns : " ( 1 ) the proposed definition of ' significant, ' which specifies that a portion of range can be considered significant only if loss of the species from that portion would threaten the species as a whole with extinction, and ( 2 ) the determination that lost historic range cannot qualify as a significant


of ' significant, ' which specifies that a portion of range can be considered significant only if loss of the species from that portion would threaten the species as a whole with extinction, and ( 2 ) the determination that lost historic range cannot qualify as a significant portion of range. " the scientists ' letter cited the same qualms, arguing that " if finalized, the draft policy will... result in fewer imperiled species getting the protection they need to survive and recover. " these letters echoed an earlier sentiment from u. s. rep. ed markey, d - mass, who wrote in january that the proposal sets the bar for protecting species " at much too high a threshold, " and that it ' s inconsistent with congress ' original intent for the esa. in a joint statement issued in december, however, the obama administration claimed the policy change would actually help federal agencies protect endangered species. " this proposed interpretation will provide consistency and clarity for the services and our partners, while making more effective use of our resources and improving our ability to protect and recover species before they are on the brink of extinction, " said fws director dan ashe. while scientists and conservationists battle the obama administration over how to interpret the esa, santorum suggested monday that the law itself is the problem. speaking to supporters at the gulf coast energy summit in mississippi, santorum repeated his criticisms of what he calls the administration ' s " truly radical environmental agenda, " highlighting the esa as an example of how he differs not only from president obama, but also from his republican rivals. " and again, a very clear contrast between me and the other candidates in this race — i was someone who supported, for example, changes to the endangered species act, whereas speaker [ newt ] gingrich blocked changes to the endangered species act, " santorum said. " he believes it was a valuable piece of legislation, and it may have been, but it has been absolutely abused.... there are so many places that we put critters above people. it ' s a radical ideology that says we are here to serve the earth instead of man having dominion over the earth to serve him and to be a good steward of that earth. " the opinions expressed by mnn bloggers and those providing comments are theirs alone, and do not reflect the opinions of mnn. com. while we have reviewed their content to make sure it complies with our terms and conditions, mnn is not responsible for the accuracy of any of their information.


after a flood has swept through your community, keep yourself and your family safe by following these important flood safety tips : do not walk through flowing water. drowning is the number one cause of flood deaths. most of these drownings occur during flash floods. six inches of moving water can knock you off your feet. use a pole or stick to make sure that the ground is still there before you go through an area where the water is not flowing. do not drive through a flooded area. more people drown in their cars than anywhere else. don ' t drive around road barriers ; the road or bridge may be washed out from the flood waters. stay away from power lines and electrical wires. electrocution is also a major killer in floods. electrical current can travel through water. report downed power lines to your utility company or local emergency manager. turn off your electricity when you return home. some appliances, such as television sets, can shock you even after they have been unplugged. don ' t use appliances or motors that have gotten wet from the flood unless they have been taken apart, cleaned and dried. watch for animals, especially snakes. small animals that have been flooded out of their homes may seek shelter in yours. use a pole or stick to poke and turn items over and scare away small animals that have invaded your home after a flood. look before you step. after a flood, the ground and floors are covered with debris, including broken bottles and nails. floors and stairs that have been covered with mud left over from the flood can be very slippery. be alert for gas leaks. use a flashlight to inspect for damages caused by the flood. for your own safety, do not smoke or use candles, lanterns or open flames after a flood unless you are sure that the gas has been turned off and the flooded area has been aired out. carbon monoxide exhaust kills. use a generator or other gasoline powered machine outdoors. the same goes for camping stoves. charcoal fumes are especially deadly. only cook with charcoal outdoors. clean everything that got wet. flood waters pick up sewage and chemicals from roads, farms, factories and storage buildings. spoiled food, wet cosmetics and medicines are health hazards. when in doubt, throw them out. take good care of yourself. recovering from a flood is a big job. it is tough on both the body and the spirit. a disaster may have long lasting effects on you and your family. after a flood, rest often and take good care of yourself and your family.


lower elementary - grades 1 - 3 the elementary montessori curriculum builds upon the student ' s early childhood experience. the montessori materials continue to play an important role as the child transitions from the concrete to the abstract. lessons involve exploration and hands - on experiences. as the child in the elementary classroom learns by doing, the classroom is rich in materials, resources, movement and conversation. the curriculum is individualized. the needs, ability, interests and skills of each child are taken into consideration when lessons are planned and knowledge assessed. the montessori student will receive extra help or direction in areas where she needs it and can move rapidly through other areas where she excels. the elementary program teaches the student how to think clearly, how to research and how to express herself in writing and in speech. the program fosters independent work as well as group effort. multi age groupings - elementary montessori classrooms are comprised of multi age groupings. this allows younger students to be mentored by older children, who in turn benefit from serving as tutors and role models, which helps them in their own mastery. each child learns at her own pace and will be ready for any given lesson in her own time, not on the teacher ' s schedule of lessons. in a mixed - age class, children can always find peers who are working at their current level. children normally stay in the lower elementary class for three years and, with two - thirds of the class typically returning each year, the classroom culture tends to remain quite stable. working in one class for three years allows students to develop a strong sense of community with their classmates and teachers. the age range also allows gifted children the stimulation of intellectual peers, without requiring that they skip a grade or feel emotionally out of place. materials - the wealth of materials in each area allows the children to follow their own interests. materials are arranged so as to allow sequential progress in skills. usually there is only one of each material to encourage turn taking and patience. materials and their activities vary from individual work to partner work and group activities. many of the materials employ an internal control of error so as to encourage self - monitoring and foster independence in the elementary student. reason & imagination - the inquisitive nature of the elementary student provides the fuel for the research and exploration focus of elementary montessori. the elementary student wants to know the " why? " and " how? ", and is able to use both reason and imagination to explore and understand increasingly abstract concepts. exploring society - while the early childhood


and exploration focus of elementary montessori. the elementary student wants to know the " why? " and " how? ", and is able to use both reason and imagination to explore and understand increasingly abstract concepts. exploring society - while the early childhood student was primarily focused on the construction of the individual, the elementary student begins to explore his place in society. opportunities continuously present themselves in the montessori classroom for the student to observe or participate, moments to lead or follow. a need for togetherness - this is the age of clubs and groups. the elementary child explores friendship and cooperation ; he learns how to be a leader, a partner and a follower. while collaboration is encouraged, individual contribution and strength is also valued. exploring right and wrong - the elementary student is actively developing his moral conscience. " that ' s not fair! " is heard over and over again in the elementary classroom. every child may know the rules but keeping them is another matter. problem solving techniques are modeled and fostered in the montessori environment. community brainstorming for solutions and rules helps for the elementary montessori classroom ' s code of conduct. freedom and discipline - independence and inner discipline continue to develop in the elementary years. the elementary child is capable of increasingly complex and numerous responsibilities and needs opportunities to exercise judgment and to demonstrate self control. everything from classroom management to the student ' s work stems from the child ' s freedom to choose and think. mistakes are viewed as learning opportunities. homework in montessori - home assignments in an elementary montessori class rarely involve busy work assignments. rather, they serve as an extension and an enrichment of the curriculum. they challenge the students to think and explore. tests and grades in montessori - montessori elementary promotes individually paced academic progress. we do not assign grades or rank students within each class or age group according to their achievement. teachers assess and monitor performance through detailed recordkeeping, daily observation of each child ' s work and student meetings to assess progress, as well as formal presentations and assignments.


definitions of solace v. t. - comfort in grief ; alleviation of grief or anxiety ; also, that which relieves in distress ; that which cheers or consoles ; relief. 2 v. t. - rest ; relaxation ; ease. 2 n. - to cheer in grief or under calamity ; to comfort ; to relieve in affliction, solitude, or discomfort ; to console ; - - applied to persons ; as, to solace one with the hope of future reward. 2 n. - to allay ; to assuage ; to soothe ; as, to solace grief. 2 v. i. - to take comfort ; to be cheered. 2 the word " solace " uses 6 letters : a c e l o s. no direct anagrams for solace found in this word list. words formed by adding one letter before or after solace ( in bold ), or to acelos in any order : d - coleads solaced h - loaches i - celosia j - cajoles l - callose locales p - escalop r - claroes coalers escolar oracles recoals solacer s - solaces t - lactose locates talcose v - alcoves coevals shorter words found within solace : ace aces ae al ale alec alecs ales aloe aloes als also as calo calos case cel cels close coal coals col cola colas cole coles cols cos el els es la lac lace laces lacs las lase lea leas lo loca lose oca ocas oe oes ole olea oles os ose sac sae sal sale scale sea seal sec sel sloe so socle sol sola sole list shorter words within solace, sorted by length all words formed from solace by changing one letter browse words starting with solace by next letter


what is it? in normal pregnancies, after the egg gets fertilised, it travels down the fallopian tubes and implants itself in the wall of the womb. however, in ectopic / tubal pregnancy, the fertilised egg implants itself outside the womb ( normally in the fallopian tubes but rarely in abdominal cavity, ovary or cervix ) instead of the womb wall itself. the growing embryo eventually runs out of blood supply and may cause the tube to rupture. when? ectopic pregnancy is diagnosed and treated by the end of the eighth week of pregnancy, if not earlier. * previous infection in fallopian tubes * pelvic inflammatory disease * damaged / blocked fallopian tubes * severe abdominal pain ( usually on one side and lower down ) * shoulder pain * heavy vaginal bleeding or brown discharge * feeling faint / dizzy risk : whether ectopic pregnancy is diagnosed early or late, the embryo cannot survive. sometimes, you may ' miscarry ' the embryo without your knowledge. if diagnosed early, a drug can be given which helps the body to reabsorb the embryo, thus avoiding surgery. in cases where the fallopian tube has burst and there is internal bleeding, your life may be at risk, so immediate surgery is carried out to remove the embryo. sometimes only the fallopian tube is removed while in extreme cases the entire ovary may be removed surgically. although your fallopian tube and ovary may be healthy after the pregnancy, the chances of conception are somewhat reduced after an ectopic pregnancy. what is it? epilepsy is the tendency to have fits ( or convulsions or seizures ) due to bursts of abnormal electrical activity in the brain. in pregnancy : if you are epileptic and are planning a pregnancy, it is a good idea to consult the doctor as your medication may need to be changed or the dosage adjusted. this is because certain epileptic medicines may have an undesirable effect on the unborn baby, especially in the first 3 months. also, the doctor may need to prescribe some additional supplements for you. if your pregnancy was unplanned and you are epileptic, talk to your doctor as soon as possible. epilepsy is not inherited and you should not worry that your baby may be born with it. remember never to stop taking your medicine for epilepsy without consulting your doctor. having a fit can be more dangerous for


personality disorders are a group of mental health conditions in which a person has a long - term pattern of behaviors, emotions, and thoughts that is very different from his or her culture ' s expectations. these behaviors interfere with the person ' s ability to function in relationships, work, or other settings. causes, incidence, and risk factors causes of personality disorders are unknown. genetic and environmental factors are thought to play a role. mental health professionals categorize these disorders into the following types : symptoms vary widely depending on the type of personality disorder. in general, personality disorders involve feelings, thoughts, and behaviors that do not adapt to a wide range of settings. these patterns usually begin in adolescence and may lead to problems in social and work situations. the severity of these conditions ranges from mild to severe. signs and tests personality disorders are diagnosed based on a psychological evaluation that assesses the history and severity of the symptoms. at first, people with these disorders usually do not seek treatment on their own. they tend to seek help once their behavior has caused severe problems in their relationships or work. they may also seek help when they are struggling with another mental health problem, such as a mood or substance abuse disorder. although personality disorders take time to treat, certain forms of talk therapy are helpful. in some cases, medications are a useful addition. outlook varies. some personality disorders improve greatly during middle age without any treatment. others only improve slowly even with treatment. problems with relationships problems with school or work other mental health disorders calling your health care provider see your health care provider or mental health professional if you or someone you know has symptoms of a personality disorder. blais ma, smallwood p, groves je, rivas - vazquez ra. personality and personality disorders. in : stern ta, rosenbaum jf, biederman j, rauch sl, eds. massachusetts general hospital comprehensive clinical psychiatry. 1st ed. philadelphia, pa : elsevier mosby ; 2008 : chap 39. david b. merrill, md, assistant clinical professor of psychiatry, department of psychiatry, columbia university medical center, new york, ny. also reviewed by a. d. a. m. health solutions, ebix, inc., editorial team : david zieve, md, mha, david r. eltz, stephanie slon, and nissi wang.


national sustainability strategy in the autumn of 2010, the federal government began the consultation process for the next progress report. this time all members of the general public were able to contribute to the discussion and the report online at www. dialog - nachhaltigkeit. de. the first round of dialogue in the summer of 2010 comprised a debate on the key issues in the report, the second round of discussion in the summer of 2011 revolved around the draft for the 2012 progress report. on 15 february 2012, the federal cabinet approved the finalised report. for more information, see strategy 2012. in april 2002, the german government adopted the national sustainability strategy. the results of consultations with social groups and the proposals of the council for sustainable development were incorporated into this document. for more detailed information, see section strategy 2002. in the following years, the german sustainability strategy was repeatedly refined with the input of so - called progress reports. in november 2004, the federal government presented the first revision of its sustainability strategy with the 2004 progress report. aside from the results of a public consultation process, the report included the council ’ s verdicts on sustainable development, which had previously been published under the title of “ nachhaltigkeit im visier ” ( targeting sustainability ). additionally, the results of a dialogue project organised by the council on minimising land consumption were included in the report. for more information, see strategy 2004. in its " wegweiser nachhaltigkeit 2005 ", the federal government described its current sustainability policy at the national and international level. the german council for sustainable development contributed two independent chapters to the document. read more about it in landmark sustainability 2005. in 2008, the federal cabinet presented the next progress report. prior to this, engaged citizens, associations and institutions were able to participate in a consultation process and assist in appraising the current state of affairs and in further developing the sustainability strategy. for more detailed information, see strategy 2008. since 2006, by order of the federal government, the federal statistical office tracks the course of sustainable development in germany. the agency presented its first so - called indicator report in 2006, followed by further reports in 2008, 2010 and 2012.


the following html text is provided to enhance online readability. many aspects of typography translate only awkwardly to html. please use the page image as the authoritative form to ensure accuracy. engineering and environmental challenges : technical symposium on earth systems engineering the term lupang pangako means promised land — the sardonic name given to a garbage dump outside the city of manila inhabited by almost 100, 000 people. i visited lupang pangako about 15 years ago in a different life as a geologist, and the place really is hell on earth. as you drive through the promised land, you see stygian mists rising from the hillsides, the mountains of garbage, and if you look closely you see movement everywhere in the distance. you soon realize that the mountains are covered with people scavenging for their livelihoods. you may remember that in july 2000 torrential typhoon rains caused a huge landslide in the promised land that buried more than 200 people under a mountain of garbage. to me, this horrific event provides a powerful indicator of how we should be thinking about the impacts of climate on people and about human adaptation. the problem was not whether the typhoon was an above - average or below - average event. it was not a problem whose root causes could be revealed through a better understanding of anthropogenic climate change. the problem was that 100, 000 people were living in poverty so deep that they could survive only by culling garbage. the results of humanity ’ s mistreatment of the environment fall disproportionately on poor people, on developing countries, and on tropical regions. although these impacts are most severe in their chronic forms, they are most spectacular in their catastrophic versions, such as this landslide. as figure 1 shows, the number of disasters has risen sharply throughout the world in the last 30 years, most markedly in the developing world. this trend does not reflect a changing climate ; it reflects changing demographics — growing numbers of poor people living in urban areas, living in coastal regions, living on garbage dumps. unlike changes in climate, this trend is something we can control. these are not natural disasters ; these are intersections of natural phenomena and complex sociopolitical and socioeconomic processes. the number of disasters will continue to rise because we know that demographic trends are pointing toward more urbanization and greater numbers of impoverished people moving from agrarian areas to cities — often to areas in harm ’ s way. megacities like jakarta and manila that have nearly 10 million people apiece are subject to typhoons, volcanoes,