ask the expert march 05, 2013 many people get ear pain when they travel by airplane. this is from pressure building up behind the eardrum, a membrane between the outer ear ( ear canal ) and the middle ear. during takeoff and landing, there is a rapid change in air pressure inside the plane. the pressure in the outer ear becomes different from that in the middle ear. pain is felt as the eardrum moves away from an area of higher pressure. the eustachian tube, a connection between the middle ear and the back of the nose and throat, normally acts to equalize pressure changes. for most adults, the pain they feel with takeoff or landing is brief. it ’ s relieved when the ears “ pop ” as the eustachian tube opens and eases the pressure. but in many children, the eustachian tube does not function as well as in an adult. plus, the tube can be temporarily blocked by colds, allergies or ear infections. this can result in mild to severe ear pain. there are some simple things you can do during takeoff and landing to help open the eustachian tube and relieve pressure. these include yawning, chewing and swallowing. infants and young children can drink something or suck on a pacifier. older children can chew sugarless gum. if your child has an ear infection or a cold with nasal congestion, some parents have chosen to delay their flight, if possible. if you still want or need to fly, an over - the - counter pediatric nasal decongestant may make a difference. talk with your child ’ s doctor about it.


the iowa department of agriculture and land stewardship and iowa state university, along with a wide variety of federal, state and private partners, have been looking at ways to reduce nutrient loading into our state ’ s waterways for more than 20 years. as a result of this long - term partnership, a new pilot project has been developed to further test the effectiveness of routing tile drainage water from our farm fields through wetlands that have been shown to reduce the nitrate level in the water by more than 50 percent. you can read a guest op - ed by iowa secretary of agriculture bill northey and iowa state university college of agriculture and life sciences dean wendy wintersteen that has more information about the pilot program here. this pilot program is based on work that has been done here in iowa through the conservation reserve enhancement program ( crep ). through crep 72 of these wetlands have been restored or are under construction or design. water quality testing done by iowa state university show that these wetlands effectively remove more than 50 percent of nitrates from tile drainage water. in addition to reducing nitrate loads to surface waters, the wetlands provide wildlife habitat and increased recreational opportunities. more information about the crep program and the wetlands that have been built can be found here. mailing address : idals, wallace state office building, 502 e. 9th street, des moines, ia 50319 : ph : 515 - 281 - 5321


interview with michael c. toth author of why should people be interested in oliver ellsworth? the u. s. senate, for one. ellsworth was the primary spokesman for the winning side at the constitutional convention. it ’ s odd but americans know a lot more about alexander hamilton and james madison. both men deserve a lot of credit. they were responsible for the constitutional convention meeting at all. but this is not to say that hamilton and madison were necessarily the fathers of the constitution that came from the convention. ellsworth took the floor on several occasions to support the equal state vote in the senate. when madison, who opposed the measure, wrote about the equal state vote in the senate in the federalist papers he, in fact, used a phrase from ellsworth to defend the measure. according to ellsworth and the federalist, the construction of the senate was one of the reasons why the u. s. was designed to be “ party federal, partly national. ” what else did ellsworth accomplish? he wrote articles in favor of the constitution, then argued successfully at connecticut ’ s ratification debate in favor of the new plan. he went on to the first senate. there, he was responsible for the judiciary act of 1789, which established the u. s. federal court system. the structure put in place by ellsworth ’ s act remains in place today. he was the leading consensus builder in the senate, and a favorite of president washington. aaron burr said that if ellsworth “ if had happened to spell the name of the deity with two d ’ s, it would have taken the senate three weeks to expunge the superfluous letter. ” always looked to for challenging assignments, ellsworth served as u. s. chief justice after several controversial nominees saw their nominations go up in political flames. later, he served a special envoy dispatched by president adams to france. what was his view of the constitution? ellsworth viewed the constitution as a federalist document – that is, one that was neither nationalist, extinguishing the role of the states, nor anti - federalist, allowing no role for the national government. he sought principled compromise. ellsworth believed that it was possible to identify issues that were truly national. he believed further that national institutions could be set up to operate alongside local institutions. in fact this was nothing new. at connecticut ’ s ratification convention, he used a simple example to prove this point. he reminded the citizens of connecticut that the continental


. he believed further that national institutions could be set up to operate alongside local institutions. in fact this was nothing new. at connecticut ’ s ratification convention, he used a simple example to prove this point. he reminded the citizens of connecticut that the continental army, under washington, had operated military courts. in other words, there was a separate legal system working within the united states – namely, the military courts. such courts did not interfere with the workings of state courts. ellsworth ’ s point was that the federal government could operate similarly. it would take jurisdiction over federal issues in the same way that the military had taken jurisdiction over military cases. there was room for another level of government. what were ellsworth ’ s reasons for being a federalist? he believed that there was not just room for another level of government, but that such a level was needed. there were issues that the states simply could not control. national defense was an obvious one. reading the public speeches of the founders, one is reminded how concerned they were with the specter of a nation that would be divided, then conquered. another, related reason was economic. along with other residents of connecticut, ellsworth was none too pleased with the import taxes that new yorkers placed on goods that arrived at this state ’ s ports. it was a sad fact of nature that connecticut had no such port that rivaled boston or manhattan. so they were stuck buying goods that arrived at other states. before the constitution, the states could – and did – tax goods that arrived at their ports. connecticut consumers paid the price, and all the tax revenue went to another state ’ s coffers. apart from this reason, ellsworth also believed that a unified nation was more likely to receive better trade treatment from the european powers, most notably the british. what was ellsworth ’ s personal life like? ellsworth married abigail wolcott, a niece of the state ’ s longtime governor, oliver wolcott. it was a very happy marriage. during his frequent absences for political duties outside connecticut, ellsworth wrote tenderly to abigail. he did not like being away from home, and regularly expressed his desire to be back with abigail and their children. they had eight children. seven survived to adulthood. two of oliver ’ s sons followed him into public service. was ellsworth religious? he was. ellsworth ’ s first introduction to religion came from his parents, who, like most of their fellow residents of windsor, a old town in


two of oliver ’ s sons followed him into public service. was ellsworth religious? he was. ellsworth ’ s first introduction to religion came from his parents, who, like most of their fellow residents of windsor, a old town in connecticut ’ s central river valley, worshiped at a congregationalist church. ellsworth ’ s own religious commitments were deepened during his early schooling, which began exactly as the first great awakening was active in connecticut. ellsworth would associate with a school of calvinism that is known by scholars as “ new divinity ” calvinism. the influences of “ new divinity ” theology is discussed at length in the book. most importantly, it drove ellsworth to believe that god sought political order. thus, righteous leaders were destined to make the difficult political compromises that were necessary to please god. when ellsworth left his studies for the ministry to become a lawyer, he was making it clear that he wanted to be a righteous leader. ellsworth ’ s theological reasons for seeking political stability likely contributed as well to his becoming a key compromise builder at the constitutional convention and in the u. s. senate during the tumultuous 1790s. what kind of supreme court justice was ellsworth? once again, ellsworth sought to build consensus around what he believed to be the constitution ’ s central principles. and to build consensus, ellsworth relied upon argumentation – that is, the force of reason, not the force of sheer power. it ’ s important to remember that the 1790s were a very tumultuous time politically. this was particularly the case with the federal courts – a new institution for americans. ellsworth became chief justice only when the nomination of john rutledge of south carolina failed, and two other potential nominees waved off on washington ’ s offer to serve on the high court. one of the reasons why serving on the supreme court was so difficult was it meant traveling around the country to hear cases. in this role, the supreme court justices gave instructions to the citizen jurors. one of ellsworth ’ s jury instructions shows best the type of judge that he was. at the time, americans were debated whether the federal government had the power to prohibit treasonous speech. many said no because such a power did not appear in the constitution. but ellsworth disagreed. and he explained to a south carolina jury exactly why. ellsworth believed that the u. s. constitution was built around anglo - american common law, “ the maxim


such a power did not appear in the constitution. but ellsworth disagreed. and he explained to a south carolina jury exactly why. ellsworth believed that the u. s. constitution was built around anglo - american common law, “ the maxims and principles, ” in his words, that were “ brought from the country of our ancestors. ” under common law, the government had the power to prohibit language that was intended to disturb the peace. but ellsworth ’ s invocation of common law was not a selective process. as he also made clear, the common law assigned considerable responsibility to citizen jurors. unlike federalists who viewed citizen jurors as standing in the way of necessary treason prosecutions, ellsworth saw the civilian jurors as absolutely required, under the same legal principles that allowed the federal government to protect the nation from treasonous speech. ellsworth ’ s solution was then to opt to educate and encourage the civilian jurors to choose for themselves to apply the longstanding common law rules in accordance with the facts of the case. what does ellsworth have to teach us today? that things did not have to turn out the way that they did at the american founding. our government could have looked a lot differently. had madison and hamilton not pushed for a constitutional convention, who knows when or whether the states would have adopted an effective federal government? had practical politicians such as ellsworth not been present at the constitutional convention, the more nationalistic plans of hamilton and madison might have gone forward. but would they have been ratified? and by all the states? and if so, would they have worked? the founding period leaves a lot of questions. but it does also provide some answers for us today. one important lesson that ellsworth ’ s career teaches is that politics also provides a range of what one historian called “ theoretical combinations. ” ellsworth proves this point. at the constitutional convention, he refused to budge on one issue : the state ’ s needed to be represented equally in the senate. but once the national government was formed with the state ’ s having an equal voice in the senate, ellsworth was willing to give the national government a range of powers that were opposed by those who became known as anti - federalists. so ellsworth showed that it was possible to be a de - centralist with respect to how the national government was composed, but a federalist with respect to its powers. this ability to combine visions without merely splitting the difference is, to


kandy, may 15 o sri lankais plans to better the lot of over five million poor battered by the tsunami and the ethnic conflict are the highlight of a ground - breaking study to be released this week at the first - ever aid forum to be hosted persistent problems dogging the plantation sector, the embattled regions of the north and east and other rural areas are set against a backdrop of steady progress in lowering infant and maternal mortality and achieving significant education goals for children. " there are about five million people living in poverty in sri lanka, perhaps more, " says the report, noting that if statistics from districts affected by the decades - long separatist war had been available, poverty figures would be much the millennium development goals report spotlights the disparity in development and the growing poverty in inland rural areas and the coastal belt affected by the 26 december 2004 sea surges. despite the slow pace of development on some fronts, the island boasts of high literacy rates with some 85 percent of youngsters between 6 and 10 years enrolled in school and high numbers of both girls and boys having access to free primary and secondary education. the analysis, the first of its kind to be drafted by the government under the co - ordination of the national council for economic development, assesses the united nationsi target of halving poverty in sri lanka by the year 2015 and will be the yardstick by which the country can measure the success of long and short - term strategies. the wide - ranging survey, supported by the united nations development programme ( undp ), covers eight broad areas of development goals and is a ready reference point for data on the state of the economy, aid flows, health and education indicators, water, sanitation and the environment and " sri lanka has long been at the forefront of human development among developing countries. access to health and education is widespread and the results have been impressive, " said miguel bermeo, the undpis resident representative in sri lanka. " but the tsunami disaster and the two - decade internal conflict have raised tremendous challenges. " fast - track projects funded by foreign aid are expected to alleviate the impact of the tsunami on the thousands of people who were affected. the governmentis focus is trained on developing housing, roads, railways and other infrastructure and on generating job opportunities for them. among the issues raised in the report are the fight against hiv / aids and malaria, the environment, the participation of women in government and public life and regional and international trade. the report is to be presented at the two - day sri lanka development forum


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new / special way of the cross st. patrick ' s day new year ' s day steps to peace with god year of st. paul dr. wilson ' s books christian articles archive malchus, the slave whose ear was cut offby dr. ralph f. wilson when jesus was betrayed by judas and arrested in the garden of gethsemane, st. peter cut off the ear of malchus, a servant of the high priest, who was then healed by jesus this is the story of malchus... detail of fra angelico, " arrest of christ " ( c. 1450 ). fresco, 182 x 181. museo di san marco, cell 33, florence, italy. larger image of entire fresco. note judas with black halo at left. peter cuts off ear of malchus on right. " you are my ear, boy, " says caiaphas the high priest to his servant malchus. " now go! tell me what ' s happening. " his words are sharp. malchus hasn ' t been a boy for years, but he is in no position to protest. in fact, malchus takes pride in being servant to the most powerful jew in israel. when he ventures out of the temple into jerusalem proper, people who know of him treat him with respect. " we ' re so glad you ' re here, malchus, " they say. " how may we help you, malchus? " his special talent is listening, hearing. as reigning high priest in an intensely political environment, caiaphas has many enemies. malchus is indeed his ear in the city. lately, he has been dispatched to learn about jesus, prophet of nazareth, who is visiting for passover. malchus listens as jesus teaches in the temple colonnade called solomon ' s porch. " i am the way, the truth, and the life, " jesus is saying. " no one comes to the father, but by me. " what arrogance! thinks the servant. he moves among the crowd incognito, ear open for a seditious comment he can report back to his master. " come to me, all you who are weak and heavy laden, " jesus continues, " and i will give you rest. take my yoke upon you and learn from me. for i am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. " strange, thinks malchus. how does arrogance fit with gentleness and humility. malchus sees arrogance and pride up


upon you and learn from me. for i am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. " strange, thinks malchus. how does arrogance fit with gentleness and humility. malchus sees arrogance and pride up close every day. what is this? " you know that those who are regarded as rulers of the gentiles lord it over them, and their high officials exercise authority over them, " jesus is saying now. not only gentile rulers are like that! reflects malchus. all rulers want to flex their muscles and make others jump — at least the rulers he ' s familiar with. " not so with you, " jesus continues. " instead, whoever wants to become great among you must be your slave, and whoever wants to be first must be slave of all. for even the son of man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many. " strange words! amazing words to this slave. so jesus sees himself as a servant, not a would - be dictator. so different from caiaphas! " for the son of man came to seek and to save what was lost, " jesus concludes. who ' s lost? wonders malchus. gradually, he begins to recognize the teacher ' s followers. an astute observer of body language, malchus focuses in on one man, judas. ambivalence is written all over him. so malchus befriends him and arranges for a discreet meeting with caiaphas. now it is night, passover night, and malchus goes on a hush - hush mission with temple soldiers — and judas. they move into the garden of gethsemane. suddenly, they encounter someone and soldiers converge, their torches casting eerie dancing shadows among the gnarled olive trees. malchus, breathing hard, catches up. jesus is standing, somehow calm amidst the confusion. " who are you looking for? " he asks. " jesus of nazareth, " is the retort. " i am he, " says jesus. now, with supreme hypocrisy, judas kisses him to confirm the identification and the soldiers move in. one disciple flashes a sword and begins to brandish it wildly. malchus is struck, blood gushing from his head. the blade has sliced his ear clean off. he clutches at his head to stop the bleeding and drops to one knee. blood is pouring down his neck, drenching his cloak. he begins to


is struck, blood gushing from his head. the blade has sliced his ear clean off. he clutches at his head to stop the bleeding and drops to one knee. blood is pouring down his neck, drenching his cloak. he begins to wobble, blackness is engulfing him. then a sudden warmth. pain ceases, and the flickering light of the torches reappears. jesus is kneeling before him, right hand covering his wound. all malchus can see is the man ' s eyes filled with a gentleness and love that melt all enmity. " you ' ll be all right, now, " jesus assures him. a soldier jerks jesus to his feet and the spell of the moment is broken. malchus reaches up to feel his head. the ear is there - - all of it. his ear is whole, the bleeding stopped, only his blood - soaked cloak to indicate that there ever was a wound. but the crowd has moved on now, torchlight diminishing, voices receding. malchus is alone. " you are my ear, boy. " oh, yes! he must run to report what had happened. he must get up and run. somehow he cannot. the drive to please his master is gone. he cannot forget those gentle eyes boring into his soul. he cannot forget the hand on his face. he hears jesus ' words again, " you ' ll be all right now. " words of concern — for him, an enemy, deeply involved in the plot to silence the teacher. he is an agent of jesus ' arch enemy, yet jesus heals him. it doesn ' t make sense. finally, malchus gets to his feet and returns to the palace. the courtyard is astir with news of jesus ' capture. " the nazarene is inside being interrogated right now, " says one. " the elders have gathered to try him. " malchus returns to his room and removes his stiffening cloak and tunic. he washes the caked blood from his shoulder, arm, and face, and soaks his hair and beard to dissolve the remaining blood. all the time he stares at his ear in the mirror. it is whole, undamaged, without pain. what have i done to this kind, gentle man? malchus asks himself. the rest of the day is a blur. he follows the multitude to pilate ' s quarters, hears the roman ' s pathetic attempt at washing his hands of the matter, and goes behind


to this kind, gentle man? malchus asks himself. the rest of the day is a blur. he follows the multitude to pilate ' s quarters, hears the roman ' s pathetic attempt at washing his hands of the matter, and goes behind as the crowd surges up the narrow streets to golgotha, just outside the city. by the time malchus arrives on the hilltop, jesus is hanging from a cross, his body and face mutilated almost beyond recognition. malchus is aghast at what he has done, at his part in this ugly business. jesus ' words flood back, " … to seek and save the lost. " surely, i am lost, says malchus. i have shed innocent blood. now caiaphas arrives, puffing, strutting, taunting. so vengeful, so petty, so filled with hatred. malchus burns with shame. he kneels, but no one is watching as he pours out his agony and begs forgiveness. thunder cracks. wind blows. as malchus strains his ear — his whole ear — he can hear jesus ' unbelievably gracious answer to his cry : " father, forgive them, for they know not what they do. " malchus rises. the man they call " the ear of caiaphas " is different, for this slave ' s ear now listens for a new master. this fictional story is based on luke 22 : 49 - 51. copyright © 1985 - 2013, ralph f. wilson. < pastorjoyfulheart. com > all rights reserved. a single copy of this article is free. do not put this on a website. see legal, copyright, and reprint information. in - depth bible study books you can purchase one of dr. wilson ' s complete bible studies in pdf, kindle, or paperback format. other bible study books - 1, 2, and 3 john - 1 peter - 2 peter & jude - 1 & 2 thessalonians - 1 & 2 timothy - 2 corinthians - abraham, faith of - christ powered life ( romans 5 - 8 ) - christmas incarnation - colossians and philemon - great prayers of the bible - jacob, life of - jesus and the kingdom of god - jesuswalk : beginning the journey - lamb of god - lord ' s supper - luke ' s gospel - moses the reluctant leader - names and titles of god - resurrection and easter faith - sermon on the mount - seven last words of christ


november 27, 2012 mars status report pasadena, calif. - - a regional dust storm on mars, tracked from orbit since nov. 10, appears to be abating rather than going global. " during the past week, the regional storm weakened and contracted significantly, " said bruce cantor of malin space science systems, san diego. cantor uses the mars color imager camera on nasa ' s mars reconnaissance orbiter to monitor storms on the red planet. effects of the storm on global air - pressure patterns have been detected at ground level by the rover environmental monitoring station ( rems ) on nasa ' s mars rover curiosity. " we are getting lots of good data about this storm, " said mark richardson of ashima research, pasadena, calif. he is a co - investigator both on rems and on the mars reconnaissance orbiter ' s mars climate sounder instrument, which has been detecting widespread effects of the current storm on atmospheric temperatures. researchers anticipate that the unprecedented combination of a near - equatorial weather station at ground level, and daily orbital observations during mars ' dust - storm season, may provide information about why some dust storms grow larger than others. nasa ' s jet propulsion laboratory, a division of the california institute of technology, pasadena, manages the mars reconnaissance orbiter project and the mars science laboratory project for nasa ' s science mission directorate, washington. spain provided the rems weather station for the mars science laboratory mission ' s rover, curiosity. for more information about the missions of nasa ' s mars exploration program, visit http : / / marsprogram. jpl. nasa. gov /. guy webster / d. c. agle 818 - 354 - 5011 jet propulsion laboratory, pasadena, calif. guy. webster @ jpl. nasa. gov / email @ example. com


posted : mar 1, 2013 9 : 22 am by ap today is friday, march 1, the 60th day of 2013. there are 305 days left in the year. today ' s highlight in history : on march 1, 1790, president george washington signed a measure authorizing the first u. s. census. on this date : in 1565, the city of rio de janeiro was founded by portuguese knight estacio de sa. in 1867, nebraska became the 37th state. in 1872, president ulysses s. grant signed an act creating yellowstone national park. in 1890, j. p. lippincott published the first u. s. edition of the sherlock holmes mystery " a study in scarlet " by arthur conan doyle. in 1913, american author ralph ellison ( " invisible man " ) was born in oklahoma city. ( some sources list 1914. ) in 1932, charles a. lindbergh jr., the 20 - month - old son of charles and anne lindbergh, was kidnapped from the family home near hopewell, n. j. ( remains identified as those of the child were found the following may. ) in 1940, " native son " by richard wright was first published by harper & brothers. in 1943, wartime rationing of processed foods under a point system began in the u. s. in 1954, puerto rican nationalists opened fire from the gallery of the u. s. house of representatives, wounding five congressmen. in 1961, president john f. kennedy signed an executive order establishing the peace corps. in 1971, a bomb went off inside a men ' s room at the u. s. capitol ; the radical group weather underground claimed responsibility for the pre - dawn blast. in 1981, irish republican army member bobby sands began a hunger strike at the maze prison in northern ireland ; he died 65 days later. ten years ago : suspected 9 / 11 mastermind khalid shaikh mohammed ( hah ' - leed shayk moh - hah ' - med ) was captured by cia and pakistani agents. iraq began complying with orders from u. n. weapons inspectors to destroy its al samoud ii missiles. the united arab emirates called for saddam hussein to step down, the first arab country to do so publicly. turkey ' s parliament dealt a stunning blow to u. s. war planning by failing to approve a bill allowing in american combat troops to open a northern front against iraq. five years ago : president george w. bush, speaking at his texas ranch, declined to promise more u. s.


to u. s. war planning by failing to approve a bill allowing in american combat troops to open a northern front against iraq. five years ago : president george w. bush, speaking at his texas ranch, declined to promise more u. s. troop withdrawals from iraq before leaving, underscoring the need for a strong military presence during iraqi provincial elections. the uss new york, an amphibious assault ship built with scrap steel from the ruins of the world trade center, was christened at avondale, la. raul reyes, the no. 2 commander of the colombian rebel group farc, was slain during a cross - border raid into ecuador by colombian security forces. new york ' s famed plaza hotel reopened after a three - year, $ 400 million renovation. one year ago : senate democrats narrowly blocked, 51 - 48, an effort by republicans to overturn president barack obama ' s order that most employers or their insurers cover the cost of contraceptives. maryland gov. martin o ' malley signed a measure legalizing same - sex marriage, effective jan. 2013. online publisher and conservative blogger andrew breitbart died in los angeles at age 43. today ' s birthdays : actor robert clary is 87. singer harry belafonte is 86. actor robert conrad is 78. rock singer mike d ' abo ( manfred mann ) is 69. former sen. john breaux, d - la., is 69. rock singer roger daltrey is 69. actor dirk benedict is 68. actor alan thicke is 66. actor - director ron howard is 59. actress catherine bach is 59. country singer janis gill ( aka janis oliver cummins ) ( sweethearts of the rodeo ) is 59. actor tim daly is 57. singer - musician jon carroll is 56. rock musician bill leen is 51. actor maurice bernard is 50. actor russell wong is 50. actor john david cullum is 47. actor george eads is 46. actor javier bardem ( hah ' - vee - ayr bahr - dehm ' ) is 44. actor jack davenport is 40. rock musician ryan peake ( nickelback ) is 40. actor mark - paul gosselaar is 39. actor jensen ackles is 35. tv host donovan patton is 35. rock musician sean woolstenhulme ( wool ' - sten - hyoolm ) is 32. rhythm - and - blues singer sammie is 26. pop singer justin bieber is 19. thought for today : "


kansas clandestine drug lab information meth is produced in illegal clandestine drug laboratories that are found throughout kansas ; rural areas away from the general public ; and residential areas, including houses, apartments, motels, garages and abandoned buildings. mobile labs have also been found in vehicles and discarded along roadsides or parking lots. methamphetamine labs commonly have an unusually sweet or strong odor such as ether, ammonia, or auto parts cleaner. building windows are often covered, blacked out, or frosted to prevent any one seeing inside the structure containing the lab. other indicators of meth labs include sporadic traffic throughout the day and night, and unusual trash containing large amounts of ether starting fluid cans, camping fuel cans, battery parts, stained coffee filters, drain cleaners, and glassware. meth and the environment meth labs are highly explosive and exposure to the chemicals used to create meth can cause health problems, including respiratory illness, skin and eye irritation, headaches, nausea, and dizziness. these chemicals can potentially contaminate drinking water supplies, soil, and air, causing a great danger to nearby residences. kdhe ' s cleaning up former methamphetamine labs provides guidance which will ensure the safety of the citizens of kansas and our natural resources. history and current status of the kansas clandestine drug lab information the chemical control act was passed on july 1, 1999, initiating both a meth lab education and notification program, and a chemical cleanup program. the kansas department of health and environment ( kdhe ) and the kansas bureau of investigation ( kbi ) worked together to educate kansans about the dangers of methamphetamines. the kansas meth watch program was created to provide community awareness and to help retailers control the availability of precursor chemicals needed to produce meth. kdhe and kbi also provided specialized training for law enforcement officers to certify them to respond to meth labs. until funding concluded in 2009, the chemical cleanup program paid for removing chemicals from seized meth labs and overseeing property cleanup. kdhe currently only provides technical advice and clean up guidance through the spill response unit and through information posted on this website. if local law enforcement needs chemicals removed from a seized meth lab they should consult with kbi.


kidsdata. org offers the percent and number of infants born at low birthweight, by age and race / ethnicity of mother. low birthweight is defined as babies who are born at less than 2, 500 grams ( or about 5 lbs, 5 oz ). also available is the percent and number of infants born at very low birthweight, which is less than 1, 500 grams ( about 3 lbs, 3 oz ). the percent and number of infants born preterm is available, as well. preterm births refer to babies born before 37 completed weeks of pregnancy. more than two - thirds of low birthweight babies are born preterm ( 1 ). 1. march of dimes. ( 2008 ). low birthweight. retrieved from : http : / / www. marchofdimes. com / professionals / medicalresources _ lowbirthweight. html in addition to being at higher risk of death during the first year of life, low birthweight babies are at increased risk of long - term disabilities, including developmental delays and learning disabilities, chronic respiratory problems, cerebral palsy, hearing and vision impairments, and autism ( 1, 2 ). women who are more likely to give birth to low birthweight babies include those with low incomes, inadequate prenatal care, smoking habits, and those under age 16 or over age 45 ( 1 ). babies born prematurely also are at increased risk for similar adverse outcomes as low birthweight infants ( 3 ). preterm birth is one of the leading causes of infant death in the u. s. ( 4 ). most preterm babies require specialized care in a newborn intensive care unit ( 3 ). women who are most likely to give birth preterm include those who have had a previous premature birth, those pregnant with twins, triplets, or more, and those with certain uterine abnormalities. in addition, demographic and behavioral factors can increase the risk of delivering preterm, including low socioeconomic status, being under age 17 or over age 35, inadequate prenatal care, and smoking during pregnancy ( 3 ). about 12 % of all pregnancies in the u. s. result in preterm birth ( 4 ). sources for this narrative : - march of dimes. ( 2008 ). low birthweight. retrieved from : http : / / www. marchofdimes. com / professionals / medicalresources _ lowbirthweight. html - pinto - martin, j. a., et


, 7 ) - promoting expanded research, education and demonstration projects aimed at reducing the rates of preterm labor and delivery ( 8 ) - supporting a comprehensive approach to women ’ s health, including integration of reproductive planning into women ’ s routine health care, as good health before conception can improve pregnancy outcomes ; included in this approach should be a focus on increasing interpregnancy intervals ( at least 12 months ), recognizing that short intervals are associated with increased risk for preterm birth ( 9, 10 ) for more policy ideas and research on this topic, see kidsdata. org ’ s research & links section, or visit the march of dimes. also see policy implications on kidsdata. org under the prenatal care, infant mortality, teen births and teen sexual health topics. sources for this narrative : march of dimes. ( 2008 ). low birthweight. retrieved from : http : / / www. marchofdimes. com / professionals / medicalresources _ lowbirthweight. html - centers for disease control and prevention. ( 2011 ). tobacco use and pregnancy. retrieved from : http : / / www. cdc. gov / reproductivehealth / tobaccousepregnancy / u. s. department of health and human services. ( 2008 ). systems change : treating tobacco use and dependence, based on the public health service ( phs ) clinical practice guideline — 2008 update. retrieved from : http : / / www. ahrq. gov / clinic / tobacco / systems. htm chasnoff, i. j., mcgourty, r. f., wells, a. m., & mccurties, s. ( 2008 ). perinatal substance use screening in california. nti upstream. retrieved from : http : / / www. adp. cahwnet. gov / alcohol / pdf / perinatalsubstanceusesr. pdf brady, t. m., & ashley, o. s. ( 2005 ). women in substance abuse treatment : results from the alcohol and drug services study ( adss ). us department of health and human services. retrieved from : http : / / oas. samhsa. gov / womentx / womentx. htm # 2. 4 march of dimes. ( 2010 ). elimination of non - medically indicated ( elective ) deliveries before 39 weeks gestational age. california maternal quality care collaborative, california department of public health


womentx. htm # 2. 4 march of dimes. ( 2010 ). elimination of non - medically indicated ( elective ) deliveries before 39 weeks gestational age. california maternal quality care collaborative, california department of public health. retrieved from : http : / / www. cdph. ca. gov / programs / mcah / documents / mcah - eliminationofnon - medicallyindicateddeliveries. pdf - fleischman, a. r. ( 2010 ). what happens when babies are born too early? march of dimes foundation, testimony before the us house of representatives : prematurity and infant mortality. retrieved from : http : / / www. modimes. org / advocacy / prevention _ indepth. html u. s. department of health and human services, office of adolescent health. ( 2010 ). programs for replication. retrieved from : http : / / www. hhs. gov / ash / oah / oah - initiatives / tpp / programs. html - defranco et al. ( 2007 ). a short interprenancy interval is a risk factor for preterm birth and its recurrence. american journal of obstetrics and gynecology, 197 ( 3 ), 264. e1 - 264. e6. retrieved from : - wise, p. ( 2008 ). transforming preconceptional, prenatal, and interconceptional care into a comprehensive commitment to women ' s health. women ’ s health issues, 18 ( 6 ), supplement, s13 - s18. retrieved from : the percentage of california babies born at low birthweight increased from 6. 1 % in ' 99 to 6. 9 % in ' 05, and has remained fairly steady since then. county - level figures vary widely, from 4. 9 % to 7. 8 % in ' 10. that year, the state and all counties with available data met the national healthy people 2020 objective of no more than 7. 8 % of infants with low birthweight. in ' 10, as in recent years, african american / black mothers in california had a higher percentage of infants at low birthweight than mothers from other racial / ethnic groups. differences by age of mother also are apparent ; mothers age 45 and older, compared to younger mothers, had the highest percentage of low birthweight babies in california in ' 10, as in previous years. california babies born at a very low birthweight has remained steady since ' 95, hovering


... a safe internet gateway for kids you are here : 4 - h virtual farm american farm bureau animal coloring pages cyber space farm death of a dream by pbs farm animals around the world farm safety 4 kids high ash farm kid ' s ag page 1. farming is an important occupation, because everyone needs food and clothing to survive. 2. farms produce all kinds of plants, animals, wool and cotton that people eat and utilize throughout the world. 3. before the twentieth century, the typical american family lived on a small farm. they raised almost everything they ate and sold their remaining crops and / or animals. 4. farmers work long, hard hours. 5. there are less farms in the united states today than there were in the early 1900 ’ s, but the ones that are working produce more. 6. scientific methods and labor - saving machinery have made farming increasingly productive. 7. the development of improved plant varieties and fertilizers has helped significantly increase the yields of some major crops such as corn, soybeans 8. scientific studies on livestock care and breeding have helped increase the amount of meat and products that animals produce. 9. the use of tractors and other modern farm equipment has sharply reduced the need for farm workers. 10. today ’ s farmer is not just an expert in agriculture and livestock, but they also need to be successful businessmen. fast facts resources terms and conditions back to top copyright © 2013 kids konnect. all rights reserved. site hosted by jikometrix. net


download our kidsbook mobile app free! create videos. parenting tips. recipes. almost all children and adults have the occasional nightmare. a nightmare may cause your child to wake in the night upset and require you to give him comfort and reassurance before he can slip back into sleep. what is a nightmare? a nightmare is a bad dream and occurs in 25 - 50 % of children aged 3 - 6 years. nightmares happen during the second half of the night while we are in the active rem sleep cycle, which is when we dream. unlike night terrors, a nightmare will wake a child and she will then be aware of having had a bad dream. though she may be unable to articulate what happened in the dream that was so upsetting, she will probably need calming before she ' ll be able to go to sleep again. causes of nightmares - reading a story before bedtime - classic fairytales can be quite creepy for young children - watching a scary tv program before bed - and remember what a young child considers frightening can be very different to what we consider frightening - being overtired - being stressed during the day - starting a new school, getting lost, being bullied are all stressful - an over - active imagination - anxiety over family tensions - young children often worry about their parents ' relationship, particularly if they witness conflict how can i help my child with nightmares? the occasional nightmare is not a sign of emotional disturbance ; it is merely your child ' s brain processing the stimuli and information he received during the day. - if your child is having a recurring nightmare, then she may be under some kind of stress that you ' re unaware of. do a little gentle digging and you may discover the source of her worries and then take measures to fix it. - if your child has experienced some type of trauma, she may have nightmares about it, so offer comfort while the nightmares last and they should gradually ease over time. - if your child wakes up due to a nightmare, reassure her that it was a bad dream and that she ' s safe. a kiss and a cuddle might help her settle again. - if your child wants to tell you about her nightmare, let her talk about it as this will help calm her. - if your child is having nightmares because she doesn ' t feel safe, ask her what would make her feel safer and try to make some changes that will reassure her. don ' t make fun of her nightmares. they may sound silly in the light of day but they are very real and frightening


kiwi project - pest monitoring protocol purpose 1 : to determine the animal pests which are present. purpose 2 : to present data about our pest management activities. purpose 3 : to support the proposed translocation of ni robin to russell in march 2007. method : combination of tracking tunnels, traps and wax tag monitoring. pest monitoring lines : 500 metres long, unbiased compass line, n / s where possible. note that other species present can include ant, weta, dog, gecko, and others. table 1 : structure and targeting of pest monitoring lines | rat | | ink card in tracking tunnel | | 24 hours | | peanut butter | | 10 | | 50m | | stoat / weasel | | ink card in tracking tunnel | | 3 days | | fresh rabbit | | 5 | | 100m | | cat | | sa cat trap | | 7 days | | fresh meat / fish | | 3 | | 150m | | possum / rat / mice | | wax tab | | 7 days | | glow bug | | 20 | | 10m | timing - activation of pest monitoring lines pest monitoring occupies an eight day cycle, typically beginning and ending on a monday as shown in table 2 below. timing - frequency of activation of pest monitoring lines - pest monitoring lines are activated on the above schedules ( tables 1 & 2 ) once per month for three months. - the first two cycles are to develop a good picture of the pests present, the scale of the pest levels, and to determine pest management action to lower their presence. - the third cycle is to determine if the adjustment in pest management techniques has worked or otherwise. - further monitoring may be required at this point to fine - tune the pest management system. - once a stable situation is demonstrated to exist, test monitoring lines are then activated on a seasonal basis, i. e. three monthly throughout the year. table 2 : eight day cycle for pest monitoring | monday | | activate the line | | 10 ink cards for rats | | 20 numbered wax tags for possums | | set 3 sa traps for cats | | tuesday | | | | collect 10 rat cards, install 5 stoat cards | | check / re - set sas | | wednesday | | | | | | | | check / re - set sas | | thursday | | | | | | | | check / re - set sas | | friday | | | | collect stoat cards | | | | check / re - set sas | | saturday | | | |


/ re - set sas | | thursday | | | | | | | | check / re - set sas | | friday | | | | collect stoat cards | | | | check / re - set sas | | saturday | | | | | | | | check / re - set sas | | sunday | | | | | | | | check / re - set sas | | monday | | de - activate the line | | leave tunnels in position | | collect 20 wax tabs | | check, then remove or de - activate sas | analysis of the pest monitoring please inspect the monitoring cards that we use ( purchased from connovation ltd ). other indicators of pest levels negatives : - dead wildlife ( birds, skinks, etc ) - scratchings on trees ( totara are favoured by possum for example ) - lack of flowering and fruiting by native and exotic plants - foliage eaten, and plants / trees dead for no obvious reason - wandering dogs and cats indicators of good pest control : - presence of birds - absence of predator sightings - ability of orchards to produce fruit - able to grow roses - new plants survive - dope growing is possible without netting or poisons a short guide it ' s quite easy to learn to identify animal prints. read our notes then study your prints. rats have 4 toes on the front feet and five on the back. they have lumps on the underside of their feet that leave clear marks. mice show as very small dots. their prints are very similar in layout to those of rats. lizards tracks are quite distinctive. attrcat them through the trakka using 50 : 50 banana and honey. mustelids if you draw a line between toes 1 and 4 the foot pad will be outside this line. hedgehogs both feet are similiar to the human hand with 5 digits only with a centre pad on both feet. the central pad is closer to the toes than that of a rat.


aas, technology construction emphasis the associate of applied science, technology degree program is designed to provide entry - level skills, continuing education, and advanced technical skills in several specialized fields including welding, construction, and occupational safety. hover over a question above to learn more - understand, describe, and analyze the physical components found in technical systems. - understand and apply safety practices. - demonstrate and apply knowledge of science, math, and computers in technical fields. - demonstrate knowledge and skills using industrual terminology, technology and documentation procedures that adhere to industry codes and standards. - define basic building systems, equipment, materials, techniques and assemblies used in construction. - define basic electrical, mechanical, structural and civil theories that affect the construction process, in addition to safety, health, and environmental issues related to construction activities. - define the roles, relationships, and responsibilities of the participants in the construction process. oral communications ger ( 3cr ) select one of the following : - comm a111 methods of oral communication - comm a235 small group communication - comm a237 interpersonal communication - comm a241 public speaking written communications ger ( 6cr ) - engl a111 methods of written communication - engl a212 technical writing mathematics ger ( 3cr ) - math a105 intermediate algebra natural sciences ger ( 4cr ) select one of the following : - chem a103 / l survey of chemistry with lab - chem a105 / l general chemistry with lab - geol a111 physical geology - phys a123 / l basic physics i with lab technology core requirements - aet a101 fundamentals to cadd for building construction - cis a105 introduction to personal computers and software applications - et a151 basic electricity for the trades - hums a153 human relations or hums a155 human relations in the workplace - osh a101 introduction to occupational safety and health - osh a250 hazardous material operations - tech a101 introduction to technological principles construction emphasis requirements - cm a102 methods of building construction - cm a123 codes and standards - cm a142 mechanical and electrical technology - cm a201 construction project management - cm a205 construction safety - cm a213 civil technology - cm a231 structural technology - tech a295 technical internship - knowledge of phases of a construction project from start to finish - principles of carpentry, masonry, electrical work, hvac and plumbing - interpretation of construction drawings - frame walls, ceilings and floors - installation of proper wiring - installation of plumbing


japan is one of the world ' s most rapidly ageing countries. according to statistics, 23 percent of its population of about 120 million people was aged above 65 in 2010. by 2055, this percentage is expected to double. the country ' s woes do not stop there. japan ' s population is also shrinking at a negative compounded annual growth rate of a half - percent each year. its total fertility rate is 1. 3, far below the replacement rate. likewise, singapore suffers from similar problems. while japan has the world ' s most aged population, singapore ' s population is among those ageing fastest in asia. in singapore, the percentage of people aged over 65 will double to 20 percent of the population by 2030. the nation ’ s fertility rate last year is a meagre 1. 2. both countries — two of the most developed in asia — share interesting parallels when it comes to demographic trends. japan started grappling with the burden of a greying population in the 1970s, 30 years before this issue emerged proper in singapore. given that singapore seems to be following in japan ' s footsteps in terms of demographic challenges, it would be particularly pertinent for singapore to observe what japan has done with its healthcare system and the challenges that lie ahead for the country. an overview of japan ' s healthcare system in 1961, japan became one of the earliest countries worldwide and the first in asia to successfully implement universal medical insurance coverage. japan ’ s universal health and social care system offers each japanese citizen free choice and access to healthcare. following a uniform fee schedule, citizens pay between 10 and 30 percent of the cost as co - payment. this is lower for young children and the elderly. beyond universal medical insurance, japan has also put in place long term care insurance ( ltci ) for the elderly. many of the policy makers and academics i have spoken to during my travels overseas as a member of kpmg ' s global healthcare practice have repeatedly touted japan ’ s ltci for aged citizens as probably the greatest innovation the country can share with the world. indeed, there are good reasons for japan to be proud of its ltci system. since 2000, the mandatory scheme entails payment of premiums starting at age 40 for all citizens, topped up by subsidies from the government — central, prefecture and municipal. ltci then reimburses 90 percent of healthcare expenses to providers which range from semi - public welfare corporations and hospitals ( which are all non - profit ) to for - profit companies providing home and respit


government — central, prefecture and municipal. ltci then reimburses 90 percent of healthcare expenses to providers which range from semi - public welfare corporations and hospitals ( which are all non - profit ) to for - profit companies providing home and respite care. all providers are licensed and supervised by the local governments. fees for each service are set by the national government and revised every three years. there is also a comprehensive list of services available to elderly citizens, from day rehabilitation centres to 24 - hour home visits, and this list is updated as new needs are identified. as countries including singapore consider universal coverage and equitable access for both healthcare and elderly care, japan ' s fairly successful model which differentiates and covers both is well worth studying. challenges japan still faces japan ' s hospital sector still struggles with inefficiency issues and low profitability. according to japan hospital federation ' s 2010 report, 85 percent of government sector hospitals and 37 percent of private sector hospitals are suffering losses. where do these inefficiencies lie? for one, the japanese show a heavy reliance on hospital care. the average hospital stay in japan lasts 20 days — more than three times the organisation for economic co - operation and development ( oecd ) average of seven days. while japan has a large number of acute hospital beds relative to the size of its population at an estimated 14 beds per 1, 000 people in 2010, many of these beds are currently being inappropriately used for the long - term care of the elderly. this has led the japanese government to drive the conversion of a - third of the one million acute hospital beds to community beds for long - term elderly care or assisted living beds over the next few years. while a revision of the national fee schedule for medical and social care occurs every two years, there is increasing pressure to cap reimbursements to healthcare providers as cost and government budgetary pressures mount. japan ' s national medical and long - term care expenditures are also expected to increase significantly as the population ages and shrinks, with fewer adults of working age supporting the elderly. japan is therefore under an increasingly unbearable financial burden. to fund such relentlessly increasing expenditure, japan ' s diet has recently passed legislation to double consumption tax from five to 10 percent over the next three years. this is, however, understandably a difficult political decision to make. as healthcare costs rise, it would seem that no amount of savings or pooled premiums collected will ever be enough for japan. lessons for singapore japan ' s steady - handed approach to


is, however, understandably a difficult political decision to make. as healthcare costs rise, it would seem that no amount of savings or pooled premiums collected will ever be enough for japan. lessons for singapore japan ' s steady - handed approach to healthcare contains lessons for countries with ageing populations such as singapore. the various obstacles it now has to overcome also provide singapore with a better idea of what to expect in terms of healthcare for a graying population. singapore ' s national healthcare system is marked by the 3ms - medisave, a compulsory savings plan for hospitalisation expenses ; medishield, a low - cost insurance scheme for catastrophic illnesses and medifund, an endowment fund set up by the singapore government to help those who cannot afford their medical bills even after the first 2ms have kicked in. in addition, eldershield, singapore ' s limited and voluntary version of long term care insurance for severe disabilities was also launched in 2002. the key questions now are whether enough singaporeans are taking up these schemes and whether payouts are sufficient for the high medical costs. following japan ' s example, singapore policymakers may need to consider whether more schemes should be compulsory. how can mindsets of singaporeans be changed, so that they are more open to the idea of paying higher premiums at a younger age? how can the insurance dollar be stretched, and coverage be extended equitably beyond hospitals into long - term and social care? the eldershield scheme is due for review in 2013, and it may be timely for all these to be considered then. another key lesson singapore may learn from japan is that the right model for healthcare is vital to ensure the efficient and effective use of resources. singapore is already on the correct path - a major part of singapore ' s healthcare 2020 vision entails increasing capacity to achieve a 30 percent increase in acute hospital beds, tripling of community hospital beds, and adding another 6600 nursing home beds. moving ahead, hospitals can think about how they can be horizontally integrated to achieve sustainable economies of scale. more can also be done in assisting healthcare providers in implementing shorter term cost - cutting or process improvement initiatives. the route ahead for healthcare and elderly care in singapore is no easy one as the challenges an ageing population poses are severe and urgently require attention. learning from the successes and pitfalls of others who have embarked on similar journeys will provide us with ideas on how to move forward. this article is contributed by dr loke wai chiong, director, global healthcare practice, kpmg in


carrollton leader > news santa fe days brings native american history to carrollton : ninth year promises to bring culture to the forefront photos courtesy of santa fe days organizers chester nez is the last surviving navajo code talker who assisted the united states during world war ii. santa fe days, carrollton ' s largest gathering of native americans, is just around the corner. the free native american cultural event features more than 40 native american artists and craftsman, championship plains native american dancers, evelio flores ' aztec dancers - mitotiliztli yaoyollohtli, and southern drum - bear claw singers. the event will be held oct. 13 from 10 a. m. to 6 p. m. and oct. 14 from 10 a. m. to 4 p. m. at the square in historic downtown carrollton. the idea came in 2003, when carrollton businessman david oldfield was visiting new mexico. during his trip, he met the santa domingo veteran craftsmen, who are predominantly jewelers. oldfield thought the jewelry was so beautiful that he wanted to somehow bring the crafts to the city. enter annette anderson, who has been assisting in the event for the past four years. she, along with native american community members, has been pushing for a more cultural experience, and this year is no different. " for the past four years we have been trying to develop a cultural aspect of it so it ' s not just jewelry and pottery and all of the crafts, " anderson said. " now we have pueblos and nations from all over the united states that are represented through their crafts. " the last surviving navajo code talker, chester nez, will be on hand to sign his book about the role the navajo language played in world war ii. " most of the code talkers were sent to boarding school when they were little, where they were told not to use their language and were punished for doing so, " anderson said. " then, the united states government said they needed them to use their language to use the code, because it was the only one that had never been broken. " anderson said the u. s. tried several other native languages during world war ii, including languages native to the choctaw, comanche and cherokee tribes. santa fe days has incorporated a new cultural path where children and families can learn how native americans influenced the food so commonly found on their tables. " for instance, our main thing is a seed protector bag that every child is going to get, " anderson said. " we made


a new cultural path where children and families can learn how native americans influenced the food so commonly found on their tables. " for instance, our main thing is a seed protector bag that every child is going to get, " anderson said. " we made 1, 000 handmade seed bags. when they come to the children ' s cultural path, they will get a sample of the three sister sees - corn, beans and squash, which is an ancient agricultural method used for centuries. then they learn about protecting our seeds and gmo seeds versus heirloom seeds. " at least 60 percent of the world ' s food supply is reliant on foods that were originally grown by the indigenous people of america, who cultivated more than 300 foods including irish potatoes, which were actually first grown by native americans. " we have an indigenous grocery store with all of the items grown by indigenous people and children will see them in the grocery store but won ' t connect with here they where the food came from, " anderson said. " we ' re showing them how all of this fits together. i take a mobile store with me to powwows and children will come up to me asking about a pinto been and say they have never had one. but when i tell them that those are the beans used in bean burritos from taco bell, they immediately connect. " in addition to the indigenous grocery store, santa fe days will feature a new exhibit called " food is medicine. " " we show them how everyday foods that you get in the grocery store were actually used as medicine for indigenous people, " anderson said. " for example, you can take avocado pit and cut it into fourths that can be made into tea that helps with stomach troubles. we are trying to get a typical herbal cough drop and have as many of the ingredients in its plant form so kids can see how this all fits together. " a quiz will be given to adults and teenagers to see if they can identify which herb aids which ailment. but it ' s not all food and herbs, anderson said, there are many other attractions this year that she hopes will bring in more people.


federal government information articles, databases, and directories - education at a glance : oecd indicators - this annual report provides comparable indicators on education systems throughout the world. - educationatlas. com - a " map to the world of education ". categories include, early childhood, k - 12, higher education, teachers, distance learning, and special education. - educationnews. org - a compilation of education articles published in various media sources. includes both united states and international news. - education next - this quarterly journal reports on issues related to k - 12 education reform in the united states. - education policy analysis archives ( epaa ) - provides access to the full text of all articles that have appeared in education policy analysis. - education week - access current and archived issues. - elementaryschools. org - a directory of all public and private elementary schools in the united states. statistics such as enrollment and ratio of students to teachers are included ; contact information for all schools is also available. - eric database - " an online digital library of education research and information ". - search for schools, colleges, and libraries - this national center for education statistics database is searchable by institution name, city, or zip code. selected education issues the sites listed on this page are not created, maintained, or endorsed by the minnesota legislature.


bills create, amend, or repeal law. to become law, a bill must pass the house of representatives and the senate by a majority vote of the members - elect in each house. bills may be introduced by members of the legislative assembly, standing committees, or the legislative management. a state executive agency or the north dakota supreme court can have bills automatically introduced in the name of the standing committee to which the bill will be referred. house bills begin with the number 1001, and senate bills begin with the number 2001. the constitution of north dakota ( article iv, section 13 ) provides that bills adopted by the legislative assembly generally take effect august 1 after filing with the secretary of state. however, certain appropriations and tax measures become effective july 1. the effective date may be later if specifically written into a bill. the effective date may be earlier if the legislative assembly declares an “ emergency ” and the measure receives a two - thirds vote of the members - elect in each house. resolutions propose constitutional amendments, express opinions, request actions, congratulate, or console. resolutions do not have the effect of law. resolutions are the vehicles used to propose constitutional amendments for voter consideration. resolutions are used to request an interim study by the legislative management on a specific subject. resolutions frequently express legislative opinion to congress or other federal offices with regard to federal programs or policies. house concurrent resolutions begin with the number 3001, and senate concurrent resolutions begin with the number 4001. concurrent means that a particular resolution must be approved by both the house and senate. the house or senate may use resolutions for their own separate business such as memorial resolutions for deceased members, e. g., house memorial resolution 7001 and senate memorial resolution 8001. session laws ( the popular name for laws of north dakota ) session laws contain the text of all measures enacted ( bills ) or adopted ( resolutions ) by a particular legislative assembly. session laws also include : - constitutional amendments proposed by the legislative assembly. vote totals are provided for those “ approved ” or “ disapproved ” since publication of the preceding session laws. - initiated laws or constitutional amendments and referred bills submitted to voters since publication of the preceding session laws ( includes vote totals ). - governor ’ s veto messages. - lists of house and senate members. - a statewide legislative district map. recent session laws are online at : http : / / www. legis. nd. gov. statutes provide written organized law. since becoming a state in 1889, north dakota law has been codified as the : - revised codes


district map. recent session laws are online at : http : / / www. legis. nd. gov. statutes provide written organized law. since becoming a state in 1889, north dakota law has been codified as the : - revised codes of 1895. - revised codes of 1899. - revised codes of 1905. - compiled laws of north dakota 1913, with 1925 supplement. - north dakota revised code of 1943 with 1947, 1949, 1953, and 1957 supplements. - north dakota century code. the north dakota century code is the codification of general and permanent law. the century code was published between 1959 and 1960 and was named to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the establishment of dakota territory in 1861. the century code is arranged systematically under broad titles such as title 23 – health and safety, title 39 – motor vehicles, title 54 – state government, and title 65 – workers compensation. laws with specific expiration dates usually are not codified in the century code. following each legislative assembly, the century code is updated to reflect changes. volumes are either reprinted or supplemented with a pocket part. volume 13 of the century code contains the united states and the north dakota constitutions as well as other historic documents, including the magna carta, articles of confederation, and declaration of independence. the century code is available online at www. legis. nd. gov. how to testify before a north dakota legislative committee you have the right... you have the right, as do all citizens, to testify before the north dakota legislative assembly on any bill or resolution. north dakota has one of the most open legislatures in the nation. every bill must have a public hearing before a legislative committee, must be publicly voted upon by the committee, and then must come before the full house or senate for still another public vote. your opportunity to testify on a bill comes at the committee hearing. legislative committees meet in rooms on the ground floor or in the legislative wing of the state capitol. you can come into a committee meeting at any time, even if the door is closed or a hearing is in progress. lists of the legislative committees, committee members, and the days and places committees meet are available on this website and at the legislative information kiosk in the hall between the senate and house chambers. committee hearing schedules are available on this website and can be viewed on the monitors by the information kiosk and in the hall of the ground floor at the capitol. most current versions of bills and amendments are available on this website. you can also get copies of


schedules are available on this website and can be viewed on the monitors by the information kiosk and in the hall of the ground floor at the capitol. most current versions of bills and amendments are available on this website. you can also get copies of bills from the bill and journal room. however, if the bill has been amended, the printed bill may not include the amendments. hearings before north dakota legislative committees are generally informal and few rules need be observed! before the hearing you should... - find out when and where your bill will be heard. be on time for the hearing. usually, once a hearing is closed on a particular bill, no further testimony is heard. - plan your testimony. it is not necessary, but it is helpful, to have written copies of your comments available. - see if other persons will be testifying on your bill. if so, try to coordinate your testimony before the hearing to avoid duplication. - contact the secretary of state ' s office if you are going to testify on behalf of anyone but yourself to see if you must register as a lobbyist. at the hearing you should... - be present at the start of the hearing. all persons present usually get a chance to speak, but sometimes because of large turnouts it is not possible to give everyone a chance to speak. if you do not get a chance to testify, your presence may be acknowledged and you might be asked if you favor or oppose the bill. also, you can always submit written testimony. - sign the witness sheet at the lectern. give the bill number, whether you favor or oppose the bill, your name, your lobbyist registration number if you have one, and who you represent if other than yourself. - wait your turn. the chairman announces the beginning of the hearing on a particular bill. the clerk will read the bill. the first speaker is usually the bill ' s sponsor. the chairman then asks for testimony first from proponents and then opponents. - plan on following the custom ( although it is not absolutely necessary ) of beginning your remarks by addressing the chairman and committee members, giving your name and address, and why you are there. for example : " mr. or madam chairman and members of the committee, my name is john q. public from edwinton. i ' m in favor of this bill because, etc. " - be brief. do not repeat what others have said. the hearings are informal so be conversational. avoid being too technical. avoid using acronyms or technical references unless


edwinton. i ' m in favor of this bill because, etc. " - be brief. do not repeat what others have said. the hearings are informal so be conversational. avoid being too technical. avoid using acronyms or technical references unless you first explain what they mean. - do not be nervous or worried about doing something wrong. there are no " rights and wrongs " about testifying. legislators are just your friends and neighbors who want to hear what you have to say. - expect some questions and comments from committee members. these questions are not designed to embarrass you but merely to provide additional information. - avoid any clapping, cheering, booing, or other demonstrations. after the hearing... - some committees vote right after a hearing. others wait until the end of the meeting. some postpone voting until another meeting. - all committee action is public so you can stay to listen to committee debate and its vote even though the public comment portion of the hearing is over. - one or two days later you can check with the committee clerk, your legislator, or the legislative information kiosk to find out how the committee voted on your bill. you have a right to testify on any bill before a legislative committee. legislators want to hear what you have to say. state law ( north dakota century code chapter 54 - 05. 1 ) requires most persons to register as lobbyists if they ( 1 ) attempt to secure the passage, amendment, or defeat of any legislation by the legislative assembly or the approval or veto of any legislation by the governor ; or ( 2 ) attempt to influence decisions made by the legislative management or by an interim committee of the legislative management. the north dakota secretary of state administers the lobbyist registration law. information on lobbyist registration is available from the secretary of state.


what is neurosurgery? neurosurgery, also called neurological surgery, is any surgical treatment dealing with the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of nervous system disorders. on which parts of the nervous system do neurosurgeons operate? neurosurgeons operate on a wide range of nervous system disorders – typically on any disorder located in ( or near ) the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, spinal column, central and peripheral nerves and extra - cranial cerebrovascular system. the field is continually evolving due to a constant development of new technologies that assist these complex, highly - specialized surgeries. neurosurgeons utilize computed tomography ( ct ) scans, magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) exams and other imaging technology to help perform complex surgeries on nervous system disorders, such as those that treat aneurysms and tumors or repair nerve damage. neurosurgeons use many newly - developed techniques, such as laser or robotic surgery, in their procedures. operations can serve a wide range of purposes, from healing victims of car accidents suffering from spinal cord or head injuries, to addressing congenital abnormalities such as spina bifida. some operations are performed to correct illnesses, such as brain or spine tumors. what special training do neurosurgeons have? neurosurgeons complete four years of medical school then train for up to nine years in a neurosurgical residency. some neurosurgeons go on to further specialize in one part of the body, such as the spine. what is the brain surgery experience typically like? neurological surgery experiences are varied, but generally speaking, after you ’ ve been admitted to the hospital, you will be taken to a pre - operation room to meet with the physicians and nurses who will administer your care. they will discuss your medical history and answer any questions about the surgery and your hospital stay that you may have. an anesthesiologist will visit you prior to surgery to discuss any medical questions you may have. a nurse will insert an intravenous ( iv ) fluid drip into your arm to keep you hydrated and full of the nutrients your body will need throughout surgery, as well as provide a means to administer medications. once these preparations are finished, you ’ ll be moved to the operating room and onto the operating table where your anesthesiologist will administer anesthesia. after the anesthesia takes effect, the anesthesiologist will place a breathing tube ( intubation )


tiger tracker : tales from a conservation biologist conservation biologist firoz ahmed. credit : anjan talukder elephants really, really hate camera flashes. when conservation biologist firoz ahmed installs camera traps in kaziranga national park, in northeastern india ' s assam state, he and his colleagues must return every day to check on the reinforced metal boxes. often, the cameras have been torn down and trampled. because the traps are installed in pairs to capture each side of a passing tiger, ahmed has photographic evidence. " we ' ve got kung - fu elephants. they just come and kick our camera traps, " ahmed said. " that ' s why we go every day, to put the camera in position again. some camera traps are not touched, and some are every day, " ahmed told ouramazingplanet. even a heavy steel box weighing 30 pounds ( 12 kilograms ) isn ' t elephant - proof, because tusks can poke inside a camera lens opening, ahmed said. " we have to have equipment that can sustain an elephant trampling for an hour, " he said. [ see images of ahmed ' s work. ] ahmed is a full - time tiger tracker and staff biologist for aaranyak, a nonprofit organization dedicated to wildlife conservation. he also studies turtles and other reptiles. one of his primary work sites is kaziranga national park. the area ' s rich biodiversity has earned it recognition as a unesco world heritage site, but northeast india is also home to 40 million people, representing 220 ethnic communities and tribes. this q & a was adapted from a talk and subsequent interview with ahmed at the u. s. geological survey ' s western ecological research center in sacramento on jan. 22. ouramazingplanet : how have camera traps improved our knowledge of tiger populations? firoz ahmed : the stripes of a tiger can never lie. the pugmarks [ footprints ] can lie. the same individual [ tiger ] can have different pugmarks. in some places where there were no tigers, [ people ] made pugmarks out of their own plaster casts. ( personnel were expected to locate tiger tracks and obtain plaster casts or tracings of the pugmarks. ) now they cannot do that, because they have to show tigers from their own camera traps. [ iconic cats : all 9 subspecies of tiger ] oap : do tigers try to avoid the cameras? fa : they recognize the cameras. when we resampled an area, we had less [ population ] density and


from their own camera traps. [ iconic cats : all 9 subspecies of tiger ] oap : do tigers try to avoid the cameras? fa : they recognize the cameras. when we resampled an area, we had less [ population ] density and we believe it is because they recognized the camera traps. initially, what we used had a very bad focusing flash, and they figured it out. we ' re not using those anymore. they are very cunning, and they know their habitat very well. when we put up a camera, they come and look at it, and they remember that place. they think, " i know there is a camera here and i don ' t like it. " when we go out and monitor our cameras, we see signs of a tiger moving around, then we see them go around the camera, behind the camera, and come out on the road again. so we shift the camera to prevent that. after a week, we shift it 50 meters [ 165 feet ] on one side and 100 meters [ 325 feet ] on the other side. we have two cameras because both flanks have different patterns. oap : you snapped a well - known tiger photograph in kaziranga in 2010. how did you get the shot? fa : i was lucky to take this, actually, because in kaziranga, you don ' t see a tiger. the tiger can see you, but you don ' t see a tiger. this tiger, we saw it from a distance, and we went close to him and took this photograph. then he realized that there was somebody around and he sped off. oap : how do you navigate through the forest? fa : we put cameras mostly on the roads and paths, because the tigers don ' t like to go through the grass. in the grassland, they can ' t go [ through the grass ] on their own. the holes that the elephants and the rhinos and the buffalos make, that becomes the highway, and then the other animals follow. we also carry a laptop into the forest, and i use google earth quite a lot because nobody goes there. we know the gps location to go, but as for how to go there, we use google earth, so we don ' t get lost in the forest. oap : what are some of the challenges of working inside kaziranga, which is a protected preserve? fa : there is tall grassland, and sometimes we need to walk through because we know there are nice wetlands with herbivores on


. oap : what are some of the challenges of working inside kaziranga, which is a protected preserve? fa : there is tall grassland, and sometimes we need to walk through because we know there are nice wetlands with herbivores on the other side. we know that if we put a camera trap there, we will get tigers. we always put a camera trap in a place where there is a maximum likelihood of getting a tiger. so, this place has rhinos, more than 2, 000 of them, and we always pray in the morning, " i don ' t want to see a rhino. " oap : what are some of the threats faced by tigers in india? fa : this is a human - dominated place. in some places, the population is from 13 to 300 people per square kilometer [ 0. 4 square mile ], and there is pressure on the resources because of that. these forests have been opened in a number of places. we are losing these forests at very fast rates. oap : what should people in the united states know about tigers in india? fa : they should know that the tigers are very important. they should know they are disappearing from large tracts of forest in india and other range countries and try to help as much s they can. they can come and contribute on their own and they can come and volunteer, and help local villagers understand the importance of tigers in the area. they can do home - stay instead of staying in big lodge, so money goes to local people directly. and americans can use less resources. oap : what about poachers? fa : we have a severe problem with poachers. in the last two weeks, we lost four rhinos to poachers, and in the last six months, we lost about 20 rhinos to poachers. we killed only two poachers. the area is not remote, it is in the middle of the state, but it is a fortress. only poachers go inside. they get killed or they get their animals. the [ assam ] forest department is allowed to kill them. [ kaziranga has about 2, 200 asiatic one - horned rhinos, india ' s biggest conservation success story. ] we also got poachers. they killed a rhino on jan. 14, 2011, and we thought maybe we got them on camera, and we did. so we made this poster, because we had a very good profile picture, and spread it around the park. they confessed to


caesar marcus aurelius antoninus augustus ( april 26, 121 e march 17, 180 ) was roman emperor from 161 to his death in 180. while on campaign between 170 and 180, aurelius wrote his meditations as a source for his own guidance and self - improvement. he had a logical mind though his notes were representative of stoic philosophy and spirituality. still revered as a literary monument to a government of service like many of the emperors of rome he was loved by the people. yet, with all his benevolence, justice and reforms he often mistrusted the christians subjected to systematic persecution. should anyone be afraid of change? what can take place without it? what can be more pleasing or more suitable to universal nature? can you take your bath without the firewood undergoing a change? can you eat, without the food undergoing a change? and can useful be done without change? don ' t you see that for you to is just the same, and is equally necessary for universal nature? then at the material objects of life, and consider how trivial and short - lived they are and how often they are owned by scoundrels and thieves. your heart should burst, the world will carry on just as before. not fear death, but welcome it, since it too comes from nature. for just as we are young and grow old, and flourish and reach maturity, have teeth a beard and grey hairs, conceive, become pregnant, and bring forth new and all the other natural processes that follow the seasons of our so also do we have death. a thoughtful person will never take death lightly, impatiently, or scornfully, but will wait for it as one of life ' s natural processes. everything except these few truths : we can live only in the present moment, in this brief now ; all the rest of our life is dead and buried or shrouded in uncertainty. short is the life we lead, and small our patch of earth. should anyone be afraid of change? what can take place without it? what can be more pleasing or more suitable to universal nature? can you take your bath without the firewood undergoing a change? can you eat without the food undergoing a change? and can anything useful be done don ' t you see that for you to change is just the same, and is equally necessary for universal nature? all things are linked with one another, and this oneness is sacred ; there is nothing that is not interconnected with everything else. for interdependent, and


you to change is just the same, and is equally necessary for universal nature? all things are linked with one another, and this oneness is sacred ; there is nothing that is not interconnected with everything else. for interdependent, and they combine to form this universal order. only one universe made up of all things, and one creator who pervades them ; there is one substance and one law, namely, common reason in all thinking creatures, and all truth is one - - if, as we believe, there is one path of perfection for all beings who share the same mind. me up and send me where you please. " for there i will retain my spirit, tranquil and content, as long as it can feel and in harmony with its own nature. is a change of place enough for my soul to become unhappy and worn, for me to become depressed, humbled, cowering, and afraid? can you discover any reasons for this? don ' t seek to gain anything for yourself that forces you to break your word or lose self - respect ; to hate, suspect, or curse another ; or to be insincere or to desire something that needs to remain secret. look to the people whose main desire is to nurture their minds and their inner spirits. they do not fuss, complain, or crave either solitude or a and, most important of all, they will live without either striving or avoiding, and will not care whether their lives are long or short. if death comes for them at this very instant, they will go as easily as if they were doing any other act needing self - respect and calm, being careful of only this through their lives : that their thoughts do not into paths incompatible with an intelligent and social you are an integral part of a social system, let every act of yours contribute to the harmonization of social life. any action that is not related directly or remotely to this social aim disturbs your life, and destroys your unity. follow these two rules : first, act only on what your reasoning mind proposes for the good of humanity, and second, change your opinion if someone you itis wrong. this change of mind must proceed only from the conviction that both correct and for the common good, but not because it will give you pleasure and make you popular. think of the whole being, of which you have a pittance ; and the totality of time, of which a small measure has been set for you ; and of everything that is arranged by destiny,


will give you pleasure and make you popular. think of the whole being, of which you have a pittance ; and the totality of time, of which a small measure has been set for you ; and of everything that is arranged by destiny, and how tiny your role in has seen the present day has seen it all, both everything that has taken place since time began and everything that will be for all eternity ; for all things are of one kind and one form. people itching for immortal fame do not see that everyone who remembers them will themselves soon die, and the next generation in its turn, until these memories, transmitted by people who foolishly admire and then die, will perish. but even if these people were immortal and your memory stayed alive forever, what does it matter to you? what good is praise to the buried, or even the living, except for some practical use? you reject nature ' s gift today if you cling to what people may say of you tomorrow. consider, my friend, whether a pure spirit and virtue are anything other than saving your life and being saved. perhaps we need to discard of longevity and cease loving this life, instead committing these things to god and, believing that no one ever escapes destiny, to consider, with that in how we may live the best possible life in the time that remains. | when you are upset by a person ' s despicable conduct, immediately ask yourself, " is it possible for despicable people not to exist? " " no, it ' s not possible. " then don ' t expect the impossible. for this person is just one of many depraved people who must exist in the world. think the same way about the villain, the cynic, and every fool you meet. for when you remind yourself that unfortunately such people do exist, you will become more kindly disposed toward them. reflect also on what qualities nature has given us to counter every vile act. for she has given us compassion as an antidote to brutality, and for another affliction some other quality. and in each case it ' s possible for you to correct the person who ' s gone astray ; for everyone who errs misses the mark and goes down the wrong path. besides, how have you suffered? you ' ll find that none of these people have done anything to harm your mind, for everything that is harmful and evil to you has its existence only in the mind. why do you find it strange that an uncultivated person acts


suffered? you ' ll find that none of these people have done anything to harm your mind, for everything that is harmful and evil to you has its existence only in the mind. why do you find it strange that an uncultivated person acts like an idiot? perhaps you should blame yourself since you didn ' t expect this person to err in such a way. your inner voice should have told you it was likely that he or she would commit this error, and yet you didn ' t pay attention and are now amazed that this person has erred. but most of all, when you blame someone for being faithless and ungrateful, turn to yourself. the fault is clearly your own, if you trusted that someone would keep a promise, or offered your own kindness only because you expected to gain by for what more do you want when you have done someone a service? shouldn ' t you be content that you have done the right thing, and not feel you have to be paid for it? it ' s as if your eyes demanded a fee for seeing, or your feet for walking. these parts of your body are formed for a specific purpose, and by working according to their inherent makeup come into their own. so too we are created by nature to act benevolently, and when we have done something helpful or in some way conducive to the common interest, we have acted in harmony with out own inherent makeup, and also come into our own. | whatever anyone else says or does, i must be true to myself, just as if gold or emerald or the color purple would say, " whatever anyone may do or say, i must be an emerald and keep my color. " - contents - daily meditations - abundance - acceptance - aging - ambition apathy - appreciation - - art - attitude - awakening - awareness awe - balance - beauty - busyness - celebration - challenges - change - character - commitment - common - comparison - compassion - compliments - compromise - confidence - conformity contentment - control discouragement - diversity - doubt - dreams earth - education - - enlightenment - enthusiasm - envy - exercise - experience - failure - family - fathers - flowers - forgiveness - fun - gardening - generosity - gentleness - goals - god - grace - - grief - growing up - guilt - happiness - healing - health - heart - home - honesty hospitality - humility ideals - idleness - idolatry - imagination - impatience - individuality - inspiration - introspection - intuition jealousy - joy - judgment - kindness - knowledge


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food allergies are part of the modern day school room. ask just about any teacher, principal and of course school nurse ( for schools that still have one ) and they ' ll tell you that food allergies are among their many daily concerns when it comes to the well - being of students. nationwide children ' s hospital estimates that one in 20 children have a food allergy, so it ' s no wonder that school personnel must address this very serious health concern. it ' s serious because a food allergy reaction can result in anaphylaxis, a critical and potentially life - threatening condition. unrecognized and untreated, such a condition closes the airway and shuts down vital organs. in january a seven - year - old girl in virginia died from an anaphylactic reaction to her peanut allergy while at school. by the time emergency crews arrived, the first grader was in cardiac arrest. in april, the governor of virginia signed a bill requiring public schools to adopt and implement policies to possess and administer epinephrine. epinephrine can halt anaphylaxis, which can be caused by a variety of foods, medications, exercise or insect stings. the governor of maryland recently signed similar legislation. states around the country are reviewing school policy on offering treatment for actual or potential reactions to allergens. this is important because some children may have an undiagnosed allergy to certain foods or to bee stings. many children with food allergies carry their own epinephrine auto - injectors, prescribed for their use in case of an adverse reaction. ohio law allows these children to bring the devices to school and school personnel are trained in their use. at schools in ohio, auto - injectors can only be used on the children for whom they are prescribed. the challenge is that there is risk for children who do not yet know they may have allergies to certain foods, or to bee stings. if undiagnosed children end up in anaphylaxis, by law, the school cannot administer an epinephrine treatment. food allergy advocates and health professionals such as the ohio association of school nurses are asking lawmakers to consider school policies in ohio that pertain to epinephrine treatments in schools. they are advocating that ohio follow other states to allow schools to have an epinephrine treatment available for anyone who needs it. there are 12 million americans - including 3 million children - suffering from food