therapy for patients with mild to moderate alzheimer ’ s that addresses the link between the brain ’ s inability to process and use glucose with the degenerative symptoms of alzheimer ’ s by providing the brain with an alternative energy source. the liver digests and metabolizes axona to produce the naturally occurring compounds – ketones – that the brain can use as an alternative energy source. patients or caregivers mix the powder with other liquids or foods and take it once a day in conjunction with commonly prescribed alzheimer ’ s medications. “ more research is necessary to determine the exact reasons why dcgm can have profound effects on cognition over the long term, ” isaacson says. “ when blood glucose drops rapidly, significant decline in cognitive function occurs and may be accompanied by confusion, coma and even brain death. ” while axona is not a cure for alzheimer ’ s, it can help some patients mitigate the symptoms of the disease. doctors and caregivers of patients using axona have reported patients appear more alert and engaged in daily activities and conversations. “ if you or a family member experience symptoms such as poor short - term memory, changes in behavior and difficulty with language, see your doctor for a full evaluation, ” says isaacson. to learn more about alzheimer ’ s disease, visit www. alz. org, the website of the alzheimer ’ s association. for more information on dcgm and axona, visit www. about - axona. com.


one of the fastest, easiest ways to prototype a new design is by using a solderless breadboard. these accept through - hole devices and allow fast, reasonably secure connection of components with a minimum of wiring. an idea for a new circuit can be tried out in minutes instead of hours — and changes to the circuit can be made easily. solderless breadboards work by providing many holes containing electrical contacts, arranged in various useful connectivity patterns. these holes follow 0. 1 ″ spacing ( 2. 54mm in real units ), and come in a variety of subtly - different configurations. the common theme is several dozen columns of connected holes, with a 0. 3 ″ ( 7. 62mm ) gap in between. this allows for the use of 300 - mil dip components on the breadboard. ( 600 - mil dip parts can be used, as well, although they cover several rows of holes. ) connection diagrams for three of the most common types are shown below : here is a walkthrough of a simple introductory project ( a blinking led ) using a solderless breadboard. total component cost is about us $ 10. i ’ ve provided links to sources for the components — but all of these can be found from many different vendors. mpja does have good prices for the breadboard and wiring kit. ( 1 ) solderless breadboard ( almost any type will do for this circuit ) ( 1 ) breadboard wiring kit ( 1 ) led ( any color ) ( 1 ) 555 timer ic ( 1 ) resistor kit, containing : ( 1 ) 470 - ohm resistor ( 1 ) 1k resistor ( 1 ) 6. 8k resistor ( 1 ) 100uf capactor ( 1 ) 0. 1uf capacitor the circuit we will be building is an “ astable oscillator, ” using the venerable ( read, ” so cheap, ubiquitous, easy - to - use, and reliable that it ’ s still very popular despite its age ” ) 555 timer ic. the ic allows c1 ( 100uf in this example ) to charge from + 5v via both resistors until it reaches 2 / 3 of vcc, then discharges it through r2 ( 6. 8k ) until it reaches 1 / 3 of vcc. this action provides a regular timing function, which is converted into a ttl rectangular - wave output by the 555. a 470 - ohm resistor is used to limit current to an led, which blinks at about 1


3 of vcc. this action provides a regular timing function, which is converted into a ttl rectangular - wave output by the 555. a 470 - ohm resistor is used to limit current to an led, which blinks at about 1hz ( that is, about once per second. ) changing the values of the resistors and / or c1 would change the blinking frequency. for instance, if a 50uf capacitor were used instead of a 100uf one, the led would blink twice as quickly. * place the 555 on the board, straddling the center divide as shown. the 555 should be oriented so that the notch or dot identifying pin 1 is on the left. * use a series of jumpers to connect pins 2 and 6 of the 555, as shown. ( pins on dip components are numbered counter - clockwise from lower left, so pin 2 is the second pin from the left on the bottom row, and pin 6 is the second pin from the right on the upper row. ) * place the 0. 1uf capacitor on the board as shown, including its jumper wires. polarity doesn ’ t matter if you are using a ceramic capacitor. * place the 100uf capacitor on the board as shown, including its jumper wires. ( remember to check the polarity ; the negative side should go to ground. * place the two timing resistors ( 1k and 6. 8k ) on the board as shown, including a jumper connecting the end of the 6. 8k resistor to pins 2 and 6. * connect a wire from the 5v power rail to pin 4 of the 555 ( the rightmost bottom pin ) * connect a wire from the 5v power rail to pin 8 of the 555 ( the upper left pin ). * connect a wire from the ground power rail to pin 1 of the 555 ( the leftmost pin on the lower row. ) * connect a led as shown. ( the shorter pin should go to the ground rail. ) * connect the 470 ohm resistor between pin 3 of the 555 and the led as shown. the circuit should now be complete. since it can be difficult to see everything that is going on through 2d pictures, here are some alternate - angle images of the timer resistors and 0. 1uf cap, the 100uf cap, and the led.


hip problems, age 11 and younger home treatment may help relieve your child ' s hip pain, swelling, and stiffness. if your child will cooperate, use the following tips. if your child becomes upset or will not cooperate, do not force your child. - rest. have your child rest and protect the sore hip. have your child stop, change, or take a break from any activity that may be causing pain or soreness. - ice will help your child ' s pain and swelling. put reference ice or cold packs on the sore area immediately. put ice on for 20 minutes out of every hour and do this 4 or more times in the first 1 to 2 days. if your child is cooperative, use the ice often. if your child is not cooperative, use the ice as much as you can without struggling with your child. wrap the ice in a wet towel. do not put the ice right on the skin. take the ice off if your child falls asleep. - for sleep, put your child on the side that does not have a problem. - gently rub your child ' s hip to relieve pain and help blood flow. - if the swelling is gone, reference heat can be put on the area. your child can carefully begin normal activities. moist heat with a hot water bottle, warm towel, or a heating pad set on low may feel good to your child. | try a nonprescription medicine to help treat your child ' s fever or pain : | talk to your child ' s doctor before switching back and forth between doses of acetaminophen and ibuprofen to treat a fever. when you switch between two medicines, there is a chance your child will get too much medicine. | be sure to follow these safety tips when you use a nonprescription medicine : | cast care tips if your child has a cast, see reference cast care tips. symptoms to watch for during home treatment reference call your child ' s doctor if any of the following occur during home treatment : - pain develops. - reference signs of infection opens new window develop. - your child does not want to bear weight on the side of the hip injury. - symptoms do not get better with home treatment. - symptoms become more severe or more frequent. | by : | | reference healthwise staff | | last revised : reference july 30, 2012 | | medical review : | | reference william h. blahd, jr., md, facep - emergency medicine reference h. michael o ' connor, md - emergency medicine


a weekly news update on pesticides, health and alternatives see panups updates service, for complete information. september 7, 2006 household pesticides in children : with the phase - out of organophosphate pesticides for use in the home, pyrethroid pesticides are being used for more residential applications. new research documents that children ' s household exposure to pyrethroid pesticides is greater than their exposure from food. according to the journal environmental health perspectives, “ depending on the compound and the dose, pyrethroids may affect neurological development, disrupt hormones, induce cancer, and suppress the immune system. ” researchers at emory university and u. s. centers for disease control studied children during the summer of 2003 to determine the source of the pyrethroid contamination, while feeding them an organic diet. read more. organic farming degree from u. of florida : joining colorado state and washington state universities, the university of florida has announced that it, too, would offer a degree in organic farming. with organic food sales growing at the average rate of 20 % per year, the new degrees reflect the need for farmers to keep up with growing demand. the miami herald reports that organic farming is one sector where small farmers can earn a premium on their investment. the herald interviewed ryan zinn, from the organic consumers organization, who said that consumer choices for buying organic from a “ really a localized food system, is not a flash in the pan. ' ' read the story here. rice contaminated with ge variety : according to the washington post, “ agriculture secretary mike johanns announced late yesterday that u. s. commercial supplies of long - grain rice had become inadvertently contaminated with a genetically engineered variety not approved for human consumption. johanns said the company that made the experimental rice, bayer cropscience of monheim, germany, had provided information to the agriculture department and the food and drug administration indicating that the rice poses no threats to human health or the environment … the variety, known as llrice 601, is endowed with bacterial dna that makes rice plants resistant to a weedkiller made by the agricultural giant aventis. ” the story recalls the discovery of starlink genetically engineered corn in the u. s. food supply in 2000, originally found by friends of the earth and the genetically engineered food alert coalition ( of which panna was a member ), in taco shells manufactured by kraft foods. starlink, a type of corn engineered by aventis to produce an insecticidal protein and grown for animal feed, was


general motors company was started by william durant in 1908. after the stock market panic of 1907, a lot of companies were in dire straits and durant chose this opportunity to buy smaller car builders and companies that manufactured car parts. he combined these companies and created the general motors company. due to mismanagement and over extending the companies in 1910 bankers were forced to step in to prevent the financial collapse of the company. durant was removed from the company he had founded. durant had managed to start another car manufacturing company, called chevrolet. he used this company to once again take over the reins at general motors in 1915. this time he was successful in developing a car company that was profitable. during this time the cadillac was introduced and became luxury car icon. durant position as head of the company only lasted until 1920 when he was again removed from the company. general motors went on to become one of the leaders in the auto industry. general motors was founded in 1908 but didn ’ t really start to become a giant in the auto industry until the 1920 ’ s. with a new leader at the helm, alfred sloan, auto sales reached the 4. 5 million mark and the auto industry now had three giants which were, general motors, ford and chrysler. general motors were now interested in giving the public more stylish colors, features and comfort became the new motto of the company. general motors also came up with the option of buying on credit. general motors had five brands, including pontiac, cadillac, buick, oldsmobile, and chevrolet. there were some rough years for the company after the wall street crash in 1929 but the company kept at it and by 1955 they were the first company to make more than a billion dollars in one year. at one time general motors was the largest corporation in the us as well as the single largest employer in the world. currently the company is facing financial woes and will hopefully once again make back to the top of the auto industry. leave a reply


ali hussein is the chief of the village council in the small village of haidarpur naubasta in uttar pradesh, one of india ’ s most populous states. ali hussein ’ s wife, kheroon hussein, assists him in his duties. ten years ago, their pregnant daughter - in - law fell ill one night. the nearest hospital was nine kilometers away and the family was at the mercy of auto - rickshaws as they did not have a vehicle of their own. when the husseins arrived at the hospital, the medicine they required was not available. they could not find a doctor to help them. finally, they convinced a nurse to accompany them to the village and provide medical assistance to their daughter - in - law. fortunately, she survived the night and her baby was born healthy, but the memory of helplessness and fear has remained with the family until this day. neonatal and pregnancy - related deaths are a major problem not only in uttar pradesh, but in all of india. the country accounts for a quarter of the world ’ s maternal and neonatal deaths. every year in india, 78, 000 pregnant women and a million babies die. poverty, lack of awareness, and lack of access to health care are common causes for often - preventable fatalities. to address this problem, the indian government runs the national rural health mission and the reproductive and child health program. their goal is to improve the availability of and access to quality health care for the socially and economically deprived. yet, despite these schemes, supply gaps and challenges remain. in a country of india ’ s size, where a maternal death occurs every seven minutes, it requires considerable effort from various quarters to ensure a smooth and successful delivery in a health facility for an underprivileged woman. so when ali hussein was approached by sure start, he was only too happy to collaborate with the project in its mission of helping mothers and their babies survive and stay healthy. sure start strives to demystify health by promoting simple maternal and neonatal health practices through innovative awareness - building activities. it makes communities aware of available medical facilities and government schemes and empowers them to access these. it ensures accountability by serving as a bridge between communities and public health providers. these efforts have certainly had an impact in haidarpur naubasta village. ali hussein believes 70 percent of the men and women in his village now know about the benefits of opting for an institutional delivery versus a home delivery. men are encouraged to ensure their pregnant wives receive proper nutrition, iron - f


marine mammals — highly intelligent, sensitive, social beings — suffer greatly in captivity. the chlorine and copper sulfate used to keep tanks clean has caused dolphins ' skin to peel off and may cause them to go blind. many marine mammals suffer from peptic ulcers, often resulting in death, because of frustration from their unnatural lives in captivity. captivity also tears families apart. in the wild, orcas often spend their entire lives with their mothers and siblings. wild dolphins swim together in family pods of three to 10 individuals or in tribes of hundreds. while the aquarium industry claims that it exists purely for education and conservation, what aquariums really teach is that it is acceptable to keep animals in captivity, bored, cramped, lonely, far from their natural homes, and at the mercy of people. marine mammal conservation is achieved through the abolition of whaling, the cleanup of our oceans, the end of driftnet fishing, and a prohibition on live captures — not through forcing whales and dolphins to swim in endless circles for our entertainment. captive displays stand in contrast to the truly educational experiences that many facilities offer, such as the opportunity to see marine mammals swim freely in their ocean home via whale - and dolphin - watching boat trips. aquariums could also broadcast real - time videos of marine mammal rehabilitation efforts into their theaters, on the internet, and into classrooms. there are countless ways to educate the public and cultivate respect for animals without imprisoning dolphins and whales — it ' s time to put the focus on teaching visitors how to protect marine life rather than harm it. for more information, see peta ' s factsheet on marine mammal parks. < < return to frequently asked questions almost all of us grew up eating meat, wearing leather, and going to circuses and zoos. we never considered the impact of these actions on the animals involved. for whatever reason, you are now asking the question : why should animals have rights? read more.


what are sugar gliders? sugar gliders are small marsupials, and one of several gliding opossums found in australia, tasmania, indonesia, and new guinea. their scientific name is petaurus breviceps. they have a thin membrane that stretches between their front and rear legs, much like the flying squirrels in north america. they are 9½ - 12 inches long and weigh less than 3 - 4 ounces. sugar gliders are nocturnal. what is their normal habitat? in the wild, sugar gliders live in trees, and rarely, if ever, touch the ground. they nest in holes in old growth trees. how do they glide? when a sugar glider launches himself from a tree, he spreads his limbs. the gliding membranes from his wrists to his ankles open up and slow his descent, much like a parachute. he can change the curvature of the membrane by moving his legs to regulate the glide, and also uses his tail ( which is as long as his body ) like a rudder. they have been known to glide over 150 feet. what is their normal diet? in the wild, sugar gliders eat blossoms, flower nectar, sap from eucalyptus trees, acacia gum, and insects. how do they reproduce? sugar gliders mate during the winter and spring, and generally have two young per litter. sugar gliders, like kangaroos, have a pouch. about 16 days after mating, the small embryos pass through the vagina and crawl to the pouch. there they nurse off of their mother ' s milk and develop for another 60 - 70 days. ( as in kangaroos, the young are called ' joeys. ' ) after that time, the mother sugar glider will leave them in the nest while she forages for food. at 4 months of age, the young sugar gliders are on their own. what is their social behavior? sugar gliders are extremely social, especially for marsupials. they live in small family groups with up to seven adults and their young in a nest. this also helps to conserve heat when the weather is cold. they have scent glands which they use to mark their territory, and also mark their nest with urine. they communicate using a wide variety of vocal sounds. how long do sugar gliders live? in the wild, sugar gliders live about 4 - 5 years.


& ladies of the maccabees knights of the maccabees variously known as the knights ( and ladies ) of the maccabees, maccabees of the world, macabees, womens benefit association. the original early biblical maccabees were a priestly family of jews who organized a successful rebellion against the seleucid ruler antiochus iv and reconsecrated the defiled temple of jerusalem. in 1896, the knights of the maccabees had a membership of 209, 831. the knights of the maccabees were a fraternal and benevolent " legal reserve society. " families of deceased members received benefits in the form of legal - reserve insurance. all white persons of sound health and good character, from birth to 70 years of age, were eligible for membership. their name comes from the biblical maccabees. the order was founded in london, ontario in 1878 and reorganized in 1883. before 1914, it was known as the knights of the maccabees. subsequent to 1914, it has been simply been called " the maccabees ". at one time, about one third of membership was in michigan. thirty years ago, their national headquarters was located at 5057 woodward avenue, detroit, mi. from " history of genesee county, michigan vol. 1, - 1916 " : knights of the maccabees of the world, organized originally in canada, was incorporated in michigan in 1884. originally it operated on an assessment basis ; whenever a member died, each living member was assessed 10 cents to go into a pot to provide the widow $ 1000. after reorganization, it became much more sophisticated, collecting monthly assessments based on payouts. by the 1890s it provided not only death benefits but also sick benefits of $ 4 to $ 10 / week ; total and permanent disability benefits of $ 50, $ 200, or $ 300 annually ( depending on the size of your assessment ) ; $ 175 - $ 2000 for loss of hands, eyes, feet, etc. ; funeral benefits, and so on. " coal miners " - " aeronauts " and other dangerous professions excluded. manufacturers, sellers, and drinkers of alcohol also excluded. the maccabees were one of the more successful of fraternal benefit societies which sprung up after the civil war. many insurance companies were not interested in sales to ordinary people and there was little in the way of " safety nets ". groups like the maccabees, foresters, woodmen


fraternal benefit societies which sprung up after the civil war. many insurance companies were not interested in sales to ordinary people and there was little in the way of " safety nets ". groups like the maccabees, foresters, woodmen, and so on provided a safety net along with pleasant social meetings and other gatherings. each had its own ritual legend - - the foresters, robin hood, for example, and the maccabees the story of mattathias maccabee and his sons, the leaders of the jewish revolt against syrian desecration of the temple. the insurance aspect of the fraternity has always been paramount. its fraternal aspect drew on the exploits of the jewish military genius judas maccabeus. knights of the modern maccabees and the maccabees of the world have since consolidated and were known simply as the maccabees. their fraternalism activities ceased to exist in 1962 when they became a life insurance company. ladies of the maccabees ladies of the maccabees were organized in the mid - 1880s and not at first recognized by the knights, but persistence paid off, and according to albert c. stevens, ( in 1896 ), " its successful career has surprised many, even among its well - wishers, and has shown that women may safely be entrusted with the conduct and management of many of the broader business affairs of life. " in 1891, a young woman went to a summer picnic that would transform her life as well as port huron ' s history. the woman, bina mae west, was a prodigy. at age 18, she completed her studies at st. clair county normal school and returned to her alma mater, capac high, as a teacher and assistant principal. at 20, she won a seat on the board of county school examiners, one of the first women in michigan to hold elected office. the picture above and just below are from karen baker who describes her female relatives that were members of ladies of the maccabees : my aunt jean drane yott ( with glasses ) is on the far right, and my grandmother jean drane is beside her. the young girl kneeling in front of them them is my mother, elizabeth ( " bettie " ) fettes drane ( married name, ferency ). the picnic, which she attended with an aunt, was sponsored by the maccabees, a fraternal benefit society led by port huron native nathan boynton. such societies offered social


a second temple in 1904 at the intersection of huron and pine grove avenues. the original temple, built in 1892 at huron and bard, was noted for its hive - shaped brass domes. it became the algonquin hotel in 1906 and was destroyed in a fire port huron ' s mayor declared a public holiday on oct. 22, 1915, when the cornerstone was placed for the association ' s headquarters on military street. the structure, with an exterior of indiana limestone and corinthian columns flanking its entrance, would be dedicated two bena west miller a sign in west ' s office gave the motto - " hard work and ever at it " - that she embraced until her retirement at age 81. she died in 1954. the woman ' s life insurance society, as the association is known today, is still based in port huron. janice whipple, who took over in 1990, is only its sixth president in more than a century. pictured above is a past presidents pin for the women ' s benevolent association. it could very well have belonged to bena west miller the founding president or possibly francis partridge, as there have been but 5 past presidents of this organization in the past century ( 116 years ). ladies of the maccabees petition for membership this circa 1922 application for membership in the ladies of the maccabees came from the family of edward ward. ladies of the maccabees charter click here to see an early music sheet containing maccabees opening odes, closing odes and initiatory odes. click here to see national membership records for the maccabees from 1917. a special " thank you " to dan harrett, director, grand blanc heritage association, grand blanc, michigan for the supporting links above! the maccabees building in port huron, michigan we owe a special " thanks " to richard c. kelly, an amateur photographer who lives in port huron for submitting the above picture. here is a collage of maccabee founder major nathan s. boynton and his commemorative plaque in front of the " new maccabees temple " in 1938. the dome is smaller and the building is facing in a southerly direction. the cornerstone is on the north - east corner, or on the right rear of the building. the current building houses a law firm and " ladies of the maccabees " is still on the front above the entrance. the building on lower left is on the old site of the original temple, about 3 blocks south of the boynton


. the current building houses a law firm and " ladies of the maccabees " is still on the front above the entrance. the building on lower left is on the old site of the original temple, about 3 blocks south of the boynton monument. a special thanks to jim cox for submitting the above picture. nathan boynton was a major and a good deal other things besides the man who gave boynton beach in florida his name. he was born june 23, 1837 in port huron, michigan. his direct ancestor john boynton emigrated to the new world in 1638 ( a scant eighteen years after the mayflower ) from yorkshire, england and settled in rowley, massachusetts. another ancestor, sir matthew boynton, was knighted by the crown of england in the seventeenth century for being the first to ship sheep and goats to america ( think about that the next time you smear some domestic chevre on a cracker ). his father, granville p. boynton, helped pioneer michigan in 1827 and his mother ' s father, captain lewis rendt, fought in the war of 1812 - on the british side. after graduating high - school, nathan s. boynton worked as grocery - store clerk and a buggy - whip manufacturer before making a tidy sum of money with his own grocery business. he invested his savings in michigan pine lands and was promptly wiped out by the panic of 1857. over the next five years he lived in cincinnati, new orleans and st. louis working alternatively as a farmer ' s work hand, carpenter and a salesman of electrical apparatus for " curative " purposes ( obviously this was before the fda came into existence ). along the way he married and had his first of six children, charles boynton, in 1860. he gave his firstborn the middle name of lincoln in honor of the newly elected president who ' s strong anti - slavery position mirrored his own. it was also for that reason that nathan boynton left his wife and child to enlist as a private in the eight michigan calvary of the union army. and it was here that boynton ' s star began to shine. he was soon promoted to the rank of first lieutenant and with a detachment of 100 men cut off the retreat and accepted the surrender of confederate john morgan after his devastating raid through kentucky, indiana and ohio. he served under burnside in the campaign of east tennessee and was in one of the first units that marched into atlanta alongside general sherman. returning to port huron as a major he became the editor and publisher of the port huron


kentucky, indiana and ohio. he served under burnside in the campaign of east tennessee and was in one of the first units that marched into atlanta alongside general sherman. returning to port huron as a major he became the editor and publisher of the port huron press. boynton was elected mayor three times and served in the state legislature. he also invented the boynton fire escape, the boynton hook and ladder fire truck and the boynton system of rope trussing for fire ladders. nathan s. boynton was also a founder of the order of the maccabees. under his leadership the order ' s membership grew from a handful to almost half a million. in 1883 his health began to deteriorate. eleven years later he and his friend, congressman william s. linton, traveled to florida in search of a winter retreat from the harsh michigan winters. they sailed down the newly dredged florida east coast canal ( the intracoastal ) in fred c. voss ' s launch " victor ". pausing at an area close to the present - day ocean avenue, nathan s. boynton pointed around him and said, " i ' ll it was as simple as that. linton bought the area further south that temporarily bore his name until it was changed to delray beach. two years later boynton began construction of the legendary boynton beach hotel that cemented his name to the area and outlived its creator by fourteen years. he died in port huron at 11 : 30pm on saturday, may 27, 1911. his last words were, " i am tired. i am ready the above history was written by david j. castello. the photos of boynton were submitted by boynton ' s great great nephew dennis smith. knights of the maccabees ribbons two ribbons above are 9 inches long overall, ribbon with gilt brass fittings, brass fringe, celluloid emblems and embroidered flags. the second one is reversible, the back being in black for funeral processions. condition is very good, it does show some wear. makers card between the ribbons is " the m. c. lilley & co. " the medal is 4 inches long with a nice 1 inch tin litho. the logo on the lower portion has some wear and reads : " modern kotm original lodge 1881 " surrounded with the words : " astra castra numen lumen " which means : " the stars my camp, the deity my light " and michigan at the bottom. the silver plating


and reads : " modern kotm original lodge 1881 " surrounded with the words : " astra castra numen lumen " which means : " the stars my camp, the deity my light " and michigan at the bottom. the silver plating has minor wear and tarnish. it has a pin on the top to hold a ribbon and the other pin is broken off. makers mark on back is " whitehead & hoag knights of the maccabees this knights of the maccabees medallion served much the same purpose as the mark master chapter penny. it bears their latin motto : " astra castra numen lumen " which means : " the stars my camp, the deity my light " and has an area on the reverse for engraving a name, camp and member number. they were made by the whitehead and hoag company of newark, nj. knights of the maccabees dues assessment card and " permit " pictured above is a maccabee ' s " permit "... it shows how our ancestors had a sense of humor! it must have had several names penciled in on it and erased over the years by the visible wear on the paper! the other side i found interesting too! they wouldn ' t sell life insurance to you if you were older than 51. the life expectancy at the time was only about 47! people sure had a hard life back then! a special " thank you " to richelle campbell for submitting the above pictures of her maccabee ' s permit for our museum! this is a standard member ' s piece - - this one has a past commander ' s jewel dangling from it. there were a lot of maccabees and every member had one of these. the maccabees building in port huron, michigan the building did exist at one time in port huron, michigan as the above post card depicts. it was destroyed by a fire after serving many years as the algonquin hotel. picture was taken looking northeast. note the maccabee temple with the domes. the howard furniture co. and the maccabee temple are no longer there. in the pictures below you can see the former maccabees headquarters being torn down after the fire in 2000. the beautiful domes collapsed into the building during the fire. special " thanks " to dale mcdonald who took the above pictures of the ( algonquin hotel ) the original maccabees headquarters being torn down! this is a knights of the maccabees goat riding this is


building during the fire. special " thanks " to dale mcdonald who took the above pictures of the ( algonquin hotel ) the original maccabees headquarters being torn down! this is a knights of the maccabees goat riding this is what they looked like! above is an early cabinet card photograph of a uniformed maccabee. their dress is very similar to that of a masonic knight templar. here is another young maccabee wearing his badge and hat. knights of the maccabees of the world ritual of the first, or degree of protection a new member must receive all three of the degrees before he can become a knight of the maccabees and entitled to take part in the regular tent work of the order. when one has received the first degree his insurance protection is in force while he continues in good standing. it is intended that in ordinary practice not more than one degree will be conferred upon a candidate on the same evening. while this ritual contains a ceremony for " communication " of the second and third degrees, it is hoped that this practice will only be resorted to when absolutely necessary, and that every tent will, as far as possible, prepare itself to confer the dramatic or amplified work of the second and third degrees, which is so beautiful and instructive. it is courteously and earnestly recommended that all members of the order thoroughly familiarize themselves with the laws, rules and usages of the order, the by - laws of their tent, and cushing ’ s parliamentary rules, not for the purpose of acquiring brilliancy in debate, but for the purpose of quickly and properly disposing of all the business coming before their tent, and also for the purpose of controlling a contentious class of members when they exist, since the latter not only delay the work but actually threaten the prosperity of the promptitude should be a distinguishing quality of every maccabee. exactly upon the hour for any review he should be present, ready and willing for business and great pains have been taken to make the work plain, so that any person can understand it ; also, to interpose all the necessary directions as to floor - work, delivery, and drama, so that the most unpretentious tent may confer the work in an effective and impressive manner. explanation and directions ( when they occur ) are printed in smaller type and enclosed in brackets, and should be carefully studied and closely followed. it is recommended also that the amplified degrees be used in all cases when at all practicable.


impressive manner. explanation and directions ( when they occur ) are printed in smaller type and enclosed in brackets, and should be carefully studied and closely followed. it is recommended also that the amplified degrees be used in all cases when at all practicable. officers of degree teams must memorize their respective parts, and they should drill to perfection in the dramatic and private work before attempting to, confer the degree on any candidate. the use of uniforms, badges, emblems, and regalia is governed by the laws of the order. the use of costumes and paraphernalia in degree work, as well as the proper arrangement of the floor, is fully described at the beginning of each the utmost decorum and dignity should always prevail ; and no boisterous, profane, or other ungentlemanly conduct should be permitted in the hall, whether the tent is at work or not. this is imperative. the head of the tent is always where the presiding officer sits ; the foot of the tent, the sir knight sergeant ’ s station ; the right of the tent, the station of the sir knight past commander ; and the left of the tent, that of the sir knight nothing of a political, sectarian, or private character should be brought before the tent, except grievances ; and those only in form and manner provided in the laws of the order. all who have parts to commit to memory must do so perfectly, and then deliver them with spirit and distinct pronunciation and not mumble, stammer, or recite them after the manner of the school - boy speaker. nothing is more impressive in work of this kind than the energetic action, ready response, bright eye, and impressive behavior of a man thoroughly in earnest. members desiring to cross the hall or go anywhere in the tent during review must be guided in their course as laid down in the diagram. square corners must be observed at all times ; and the walks are so arranged that a member, by following them, can reach any part of the hall. all sir knights moving about the hall should keep and turn to the right when possible, unless there are instructions to the contrary. the master at arms must have the tent properly arranged for work before the commander proceeds to open the review. he should place in the inner ante - room badges sufficient for all members. he should arrange the altar, by placing thereon the cover ( if one is used ), and also the book of the maccabees and copy of the laws of the knights


in the inner ante - room badges sufficient for all members. he should arrange the altar, by placing thereon the cover ( if one is used ), and also the book of the maccabees and copy of the laws of the knights of the maccabees of the world, which should be unopened and have the circle on top. he should also distribute the odes to the members, and deliver the officers ’ badges at their respective stations. all members should be clothed with regulation badge, before entering the tent when at work, and must wear one of them during all reviews. no tent or body of members thereof shall be privileged to present in public or in the presence of any person not a member of the order, anything prescribed herein to be done by a tent of the order, under penalty of losing its charter. no candidate for the degrees must be subjected to any rude, ungentlemanly, humiliating or boisterous treatment, and in conferring the degrees, nothing must be done that might inflict any injury upon the candidate. no maccabean business can be legally performed except it comes under the regular order of business as prescribed in the third degree. therefore, every review must be opened in the third degree and all degree work take place as an order of business of that degree. in closing, however, it is not necessary to pass from the degree in which the tent may be working to the third ; the regular closing may take place at the end of any degree. when initiating candidates in the first or second degrees, unless the other degrees are to be " communicated " on the same evening, it is advisable to finish the regular " order of business " before taking up degree work, so that the tent may be closed when the degree work is over without re opening in the third degree — thus allowing newly admitted members to stay until the tent is closed in all officers, when addressed by the commander ( or presiding officer ), must immediately arise and give the token of sincerity ; this ceremony must be observed by all sir knights when they wish to obtain the floor for any purpose. the commander should set the example and encourage all sir knights to wear their " sunday clothes " at all reviews. the tent having been properly arranged by the master at arms, the commander opens the tent in regular form. commander, giving any number of raps with the gavel to secure order : sir knights, let us come to order. the officers will take their respective stations. this done sir knight record


at arms, the commander opens the tent in regular form. commander, giving any number of raps with the gavel to secure order : sir knights, let us come to order. the officers will take their respective stations. this done sir knight record keeper, call the roll of officers. sir knight sentinel call in after the roll call, the commander will immediately fill all vacancies and the record keeper will make the record read accordingly. sergeant : sir knights sentinel and picket, advance and communicate to me the pass and tokens. the two officers will advance and communicate the pass and the tokens of the three degrees in a whisper and return to the inner door without orders. commander : attention sir knights! three raps. all present must arise and give the token of sincerity. sir knight record keeper, are you satisfied that all present are qualified to the record keeper may satisfy himself by inspection. if all present are entitled to remain, he will report to the commander : record keeper : all present are qualified to remain, sir knight if he is not so satisfied, he will report as follows : i am in doubt, sir knight commander. the commander will then proceed as follows : commander : sir knights, right face! for — ward — march! all present will march once around the room in single file. the record keeper will pass each one positively known to be qualified to remain and cause those, concerning whom he may be in doubt, to step out of the file and remain in front of his station. the circuit having been completed, the sir knights will be seated, provided there are many challenged, otherwise they must remain standing. if the r. k. is absent or the commander deems it necessary he should order the sergeant to take up the pass, when the following ceremony should be observed : sergeant : sir knight guards, communicate the passwords. at the words, " sir knight guards, " the guards will respond with the " token of sincerity, " and after being instructed to communicate the passwords they should step down in front of the sergeant and communicate the passwords in regular form, after which they should remain standing, facing sergeant until further instructed. : the words are correct. you will now ascertain that all present are qualified to remain. the first m. of g. then advances to head of tent and commences taking passwords from lieut. commander, working his way to foot of tent, while the second m. of g. works his way from foot to head of tent. each member places his left hand


then advances to head of tent and commences taking passwords from lieut. commander, working his way to foot of tent, while the second m. of g. works his way from foot to head of tent. each member places his left hand on the left shoulder of guard, and whispers passwords in that officer ’ s left ear. members of tent without passwords will be announced by guard as follows : " sir knight commander, sir knight is without the passwords. " the commander inquires of the proper officer : " is sir knight … clear on the books and entitled to the the officer reports " he is " or " he is not, " as the case may be. if he is in arrears and wishes to pay, the commander will permit him to do so. the record keeper having finished with the challenged persons, or the pass having been taken, the commander will say : commander : sir knights, let us attend the chaplain ’ s all present must stand under the token of sincerity and remove any head dress that may be worn. the chaplain, remaining in his station says : chaplain : supreme ruler, strengthen our hands in building up this order. aid us in carrying out the great principles of fraternity which underlie it. assist us in bringing peace on earth and good will toward men. may the deliberations of this body be conducted in that spirit of harmony so necessary to success. may our order grow and prosper. may its usefulness be enlarged and its protecting arms extended so that we may be better able to provide for the widow, protect the orphan, and care for those dependent upon us. may we so speak and act as not to bring reproach upon the order nor disgrace any of its humane principles. make us a power for good in this land, and worthy exponents of the brotherhood of man. commander : sir knights, let us exemplify our secret work. the commander from his station calls for this work in the following order, and all present must take part in it, following the commander. 1. step and salutation signs ( 3 ). 2. recognition sign ; its answer. 3. ladies ’ recognition sign ; its answer. 4. token of sincerity. 5. degree tokens. ( honor, amity, obedience ) 6. test word. ( all say see – bac - cam. ) master at arms, attend the altar. master at arms advances to foot of altar, gives token of sincerity, and placing the book of the laws of the mac


obedience ) 6. test word. ( all say see – bac - cam. ) master at arms, attend the altar. master at arms advances to foot of altar, gives token of sincerity, and placing the book of the laws of the maccabees of the world on the altar, opens the second book of the maccabees at the third chapter, places the circle so that it will rest equally on both books, salutes ( token of sincerity ), and retires to air : — " battle cry of freedom. " we have gathered in our tent, knights, gathered once again, singing the joyful song of gladness. we ’ ve resolved to be true, more knowledge to obtain, singing the joyful song of gladness. chorus : — united forever, we ’ ll by each other stand, protecting the helpless all over this land, yes, we ’ ll rally to our standard, so noble and so grand, singing the joyful song of gladness. with the stars for our tent, and the deity our light, singing the joyful song of gladness. we ’ ll battle for the widow, the orphans and the right, singing the joyful song of gladness. chorus : — united forever, etc let harmony prevail in all that we may do, singing the joyful song of gladness. well labor for the right, the good, the grand, the true singing the joyful song of gladness. chorus : — united forever, etc. commander : now by virtue of the authority in me vested as commander, i declare this tent regularly opened and ready for business. the tent is arranged as for a regular review. it is expected that the regular officers confer the degree, and occupy their regular stations. degree teams may be organized and for the purpose of conferring the degree work the best talent in the tent should be selected, that the work may be most it is not only possible, but we advise that the commander do all the work — give all the lectures, ask all the questions, and give the obligation, — thus making it necessary to have only himself and the lieutenant commander, thoroughly versed in the " dialogue " other members must help in the " discussion. " the text of the initiation is in the singular number, but when more than one candidate is initiated, the officers must change the language so as to conform to the plural number. as soon as the ceremony proper begins, no one should leave the room except for the most pertinent reasons.


singular number, but when more than one candidate is initiated, the officers must change the language so as to conform to the plural number. as soon as the ceremony proper begins, no one should leave the room except for the most pertinent reasons. those who are permitted to retire or enter must attract as little attention as possible and report only to the sergeant and lifting machine, stones, etc., etc. water guns may be used with good effect in the test of courage instead of stones. eli. a " trap or bench " that will guarantee the candidate ’ s arising at the proper time. when possible an electric battery and chair mat should be used. if several are to be admitted at the same review, they may all be taken together. when the lt. commander is ready to blindfold the candidate he will select one or more for that purpose. all the others may then be taken inside and allowed to witness the " work " as it will be given the one or more thus selected. when " questioning " is begun by the commander all but the one to be thus questioned and tested should be seated on one side of room, together if possible, and they will remain seated until the obligation is to be given, when they will join the others and go with them until after they have been " welcomed. " they will then be seated as before, only placing as many as possible having reached the sixth order of business, the commander will proceed as commander : sir knight record keeper, have we any degree work tonight? record keeper, saluting : sir knight commander, we have ( number ) candidate entitled to the first degree. commander : sir knight sentinel, you will ascertain if any candidate is in waiting. sentinel, saluting and opening the wicket will ascertain from the picket who is in waiting for the first degree and report as follows : sir knight commander, … name, candidate for the first degree, is in waiting. commander : sir knight record keeper, retire and collect from the candidate what may still be due this tent. record keeper, salutes, retires to the ante room and does as ordered ; returns from the ante room to his station, salutes and reports as follows : sir knight commander, … name, candidate for the first degree, has been duly proposed, elected examined and approved, paid all fees and is qualified and ready for his reception. takes his seat. commander : sir knight master at arms, attend the altar. i declare this review closed in the third degree and opened in the first degree


proposed, elected examined and approved, paid all fees and is qualified and ready for his reception. takes his seat. commander : sir knight master at arms, attend the altar. i declare this review closed in the third degree and opened in the first degree. master at arms, rises and salutes upon being addressed, advances to the foot of the altar and arranges it for the first degree. - he must so time his actions that when the commander says " closed, " he will close the book, and when he says " opened, " that he will open the book at the first chapter of the second book of the maccabees and place thereon a small black stone. having done so, he returns to his station. commander : sir knight lieutenant commander, retire and introduce the lt. commander, rises, salutes, retires to the ante room and addresses the candidate : my friend, you have been duly proposed, elected, examined and approved for membership in this tent, and having paid all fees, you are now entitled to receive, at our hands, the degree of protection. honor is the first and greatest qualification of this degree. in this degree your moral as well as your physical qualifications will be given further and most searching investigation. to reach the summit of maccabean knighthood is not the task of a weakling ; it is a work that demands the highest expressions of honor, courage and obedience. with this understanding, are you willing to proceed? candidate must answer in the affirmative. in token of your courage, and as an evidence of your willingness to obey, you must now suffer yourself to be blindfolded, and follow me. candidate is now blindfolded. lieutenant commander then gives three raps at the inner door. sentinel, partly opening the door : who comes? lt. commander : a friend who desires to unite with us in the cause of sentinel, closes the door and reports : sir knight commander, the lieutenant commander, with a friend, who desires to unite with us in the cause humanity, seeks admission. commander : let him enter. sentinel, opening wide the door : our commander bids you enter with lieut. com. enters with candidate and makes one complete circuit of the room by way of the stations of past commander, commander, chaplain and, upon arriving at station of sergeant, turns square corner up center of room, halting at foot of altar facing commander ’ s station. while this is being done, the following responses are to be uttered in a clear, earnest tone of


chaplain and, upon arriving at station of sergeant, turns square corner up center of room, halting at foot of altar facing commander ’ s station. while this is being done, the following responses are to be uttered in a clear, earnest tone of voice and so timed as to conclude the moment the candidate halts in the middle of the room. these responses may be made by the commander. the lieutenant commander must also so time his steps as to make this possible without undue drag or hurry. past commander : pure religion and undefiled before god and the father is this " to visit the fatherless and the widows in their affliction and to keep himself unspotted from the world. " chaplain : " but if any provide not for his own, he hath denied the faith and is worse than an infidel. " lt. commander, saluting : sir knight commander, i have with me a friend who desires to unite with us in the cause of humanity. commander : sir knight lieutenant commander, why is your friend lt. commander : as a token of his courage and as an evidence of his willingness to obey. commander : your friend is now about to enter into a most important contract relationship that means much to his loved ones as well as to himself — a contract that shall continue through life — one that he should fully understand in all its terms and conditions. no one should qualify for and complete such a contact in the dark. he should have his eyes wide open and must have every opportunity to know what he is doing. let the blindfold be removed. lt. commander now removes the blindfold. commander, lieutenant commander and candidate at foot of altar, the commander will address the candidate as follows. if the commander is to give all the work prescribed for past, com, and chaplain, lt. commander should now conduct candidate to a seat a few feet in front of commander : my friend, as you are now about to take the first step towards the goal of maccabean knighthood it is proper at this lime, to impress upon your mind the great objects of this order as well as to call your attention to some of its first, let me tell you something of the reason for calling ourselves the knights of the maccabees of the world. nearly twenty - one hundred years ago, there ruled in the land of syria, a monstrous king, antiochus the fourth. returning from an expedition into egypt. about the year 167, b. c., he passed by way of jerusalem, where he


twenty - one hundred years ago, there ruled in the land of syria, a monstrous king, antiochus the fourth. returning from an expedition into egypt. about the year 167, b. c., he passed by way of jerusalem, where he halted for a short time. through the perfidy of a renegade jew, he became informed of the existence and location of a large sum of money which this people had accumulated and from which they contributed, from time to time, to the relief of their widows and orphans. king antiochus returned about a year later and sacked the holy city. he burned the homes and palaces of the people, despoiled the holy temple, and plundered the treasury in which was kept the widow and orphan fund. we then desired to make judea tributary to his kingdom and attempted to abolish the worship of jehovah and introduce the monstrous practices of syria and greece. the prospect of another captivity and another loss of the ancient faith brought on a most determined resistance. the war of independence ensued, in which the first family of maccabees ( mattathias and his five sons ), so ably distinguished themselves. their wonderful achievements on the side of personal independence, freedom of thought, and liberty of conscience the wise and magnanimous uses to which they put their marvellous victories ; their provident forethought in behalf of the widow, the orphan, and the disabled, — these are some of the noble acts of that ancient and heroic family which prompted a just and grateful posterity to recognize the maccabees among the first and greatest of the benefactors of the race. our order takes its name from that famous household. like - them, we also wage a righteous warfare against the ills that so constantly afflict humanity ; we also care for the widow, protect the fatherless, and assist the disabled ; we too have a sacred treasury in which are kept immense sums of money, — millions of dollars — from which we take, with liberal hands our generous contributions to the widow, the orphan, the sick and to those in our principal object is to unite in fraternal fellowship all white men, within certain age limits, who are socially, physically, mentally, and morally acceptable and qualified under our laws, in order to properly as well as fraternally, care for the sick, relieve the distressed and provide in a substantial manner for the widows, orphans, and dependents of our members. the knights of the maccabees of the world is a


order to properly as well as fraternally, care for the sick, relieve the distressed and provide in a substantial manner for the widows, orphans, and dependents of our members. the knights of the maccabees of the world is a great business co - partnership. all its members are equally interested in its welfare — all being equal under its laws. it is not a cold hearted business corporation, organized and run for the sole and sordid purpose of gain or profit ; it is a business fraternity, or a fraternal business, founded on honor in its highest and most chivalric sense. human honor is a sure and eternal foundation without which no superstructure of genuine fraternalism or business conduct can be reared with safety. honor alone, in the governing body not less than in the humblest and most obscure member, makes it possible for this society to guarantee to the future an enormous trust fund involving hundreds of millions of dollars consecrated to the material comfort and personal safety of hundreds of thousands of families. sir knight lieutenant commander, you will conduct your friend to the past commander for further instructions. past commander : the ordeal through which you are about to pass is not an idle invention for the purpose of entertaining a selected audience at your expense. far from it! it is our aim to impress on your mind, in a manner so forceful as to never be forgotten, the importance and nature of the relationship upon which you are now entering. in so far as our work involves the elements of life insurance, we must be governed by strict business principles. we must know, beyond the shadow of a doubt, that all who seek to unite with us are qualified along certain lines ; that they understand the contract they are making, and that they have fully, understandingly, and truthfully answered all questions contained in their we believe, and we teach, that it is the duty of every man, who has others dependent upon him, to make as ample provision for them in the event of his death, as his circumstances will permit. no man can wish to leave his loved ones without substantial protection to be dependent upon others, or to take the chance of having his good name discredited if not dishonored by failing to fully and properly understand the relationship he is entering into for their sir knight lieutenant commander, you will conduct your friend to the chaplain for further instructions. chaplain : to honestly do your whole duty as a good maccabee should, you must be true to every vow taken, faithful to every trust imposed, and, for the


lieutenant commander, you will conduct your friend to the chaplain for further instructions. chaplain : to honestly do your whole duty as a good maccabee should, you must be true to every vow taken, faithful to every trust imposed, and, for the sake of your own good name and the welfare of those you ought to love above every other being on earth, remain loyal to the order until death bids you take off your knightly armor! as long as you live like that, rest assured that you will never lack for friends to comfort you in sorrow, assist you in adversity, tenderly commit your body to mother earth when you die, keep green your memory, defend your character, and, in a most fraternal sense, take your place so far as that is possible, in the hearts of those who mourn your departure. we have a right, to know with what manner of man we enter into such sacred relations ; and that is why we emphasize, in this degree, that highest of all the honor is the essence of all the moralities. it is the crown of human excellence because it demands the fulfillment of every duty we owe to god, to humanity, and to ourselves. when honor speaks, her words ring clear and true as newly minted gold, and every spoken promise becomes the equivalent of actual performance. blessed is the man, the society, the civilization whose master passion is honor. sir knight lieutenant commander, you will conduct your friend to the commander for further instructions. lieutenant commander now conducts the candidate to a point a few feet from the commander ’ s station and says : if the candidate has been seated in front of commander ’ s station, the commander will continue without being addressed by lieutenant commander. lt. commander : sir knight commander, my friend awaits your further commander : sir knight lieutenant commander, we are glad to welcome your friend, but before we can extend to him the hand of fellowship we must know that he is physically and morally fitted for membership, that he fully understands the conditions of membership among us and that he is inclined to aid us in the general service of humanity. we must also require of him a solemn vow and we must be assured that he will remain true to his vow as long as he shall live. do you vouch for your friend in these things? lt. commander : my friend will answer for himself. let him be commander, standing, asks candidate to stand up, and then asks the following questions and others if necessary to have candidate fully understand the contract he is now about to complete


these things? lt. commander : my friend will answer for himself. let him be commander, standing, asks candidate to stand up, and then asks the following questions and others if necessary to have candidate fully understand the contract he is now about to complete : stranger, how old are you? what is your business or occupation? are you physically and mentally sound? where were you born? is your sight or hearing impaired? what is your weight? and your height? do you use intoxicating liquors? have you truthfully answered all questions in your written application? what physician examined you? have you ever thought of taking your life? do you know that our protection does not extendlto the beneficiaries of those who commit suicide? did you read your written application before signing it? do you know what it contains? what does your application say about your engaging in prohibited and hazardous have you ever been finally suspended or expelled from membership in any do you hold membership in any other order at the present time? why do you want to become a maccabee? lieutenant commander conducts candidate to seat on eli at left of commander ’ s station, facing the foot of the room, while he resumes his official station. it is the business of the master at arms to have the chair ready, but no use should be made of this chair now. commander : sir knights, you have heard the answers made to the several questions asked. what is your judgment in regard to the candidate ’ s physical and mental qualifications, and as to his real motive and purpose in presenting himself before us? here will follow a general and somewhat animated discussion of the answers made by the candidate. this discussion should be led by the past commander, chaplain and record keeper, and the defense should be led by the lieutenant commander. any member may take part in the discussion, and the candidate himself should be given a chance — even urged — to defend himself. during the " speeches, " frequent allusions should be made to the fact that " honor is the first and greatest qualification for membership in the order. " the record keeper should always have a blank application on his table. among the points of controversy may be mentioned that he looks older than he claims to be in his application. if over forty years of age, it is well to question him concerning his family record of births, etc., especially if he is a foreigner or of foreign descent or extraction. his weight, whether very heavy or very light may be commented on. his calling may be of a hazardous nature, or


to question him concerning his family record of births, etc., especially if he is a foreigner or of foreign descent or extraction. his weight, whether very heavy or very light may be commented on. his calling may be of a hazardous nature, or such as may be prejudicial to his best health, etc., etc. it not unfrequently happens that men claim their eye sight to be perfect and yet wear glasses. he may admit that he drinks a little, this may be inquired into almost to the extent of impertinence. should it appear that the answers made in the tent differ from those given to the doctor who made the medical examination, or the one who took his application, both the candidate and the doctor or the one who took the application may be arraigned for a severe castigation. sometimes it may be suggested that the doctor tried to aid an unworthy man or foist a bad risk, etc. much questioning may be indulged in along that line so as to involve more persons than simply the candidate. the candidate may say that he answered all questions truthfully and yet be made to admit that he did not read all the questions contained in the application blank! if he says he knows what his written application contains, ask him to tell a few of the things stated therein. he may admit that he does not know exactly what it contains. in this event he should be severely criticised for signing a document, the contents of which he does not know much about, etc. or he may be accused of a - willingness to sign most anything just to get into the order. in the application he says that he has reviewed all answers with the doctor ; press this matter with special reference to the subject of suicide and make it very plain that the beneficiaries of a member who commits suicide will get no benefits. if he has ever been suspended or expelled from any order this can be used with powerful effect as indicating his real motive and his sense of honor. never lose a chance to ring in the changes on " honor " in all its expressions. if he broke his promise with one order, he would be likely to do the same in this order ; what must be the attitude of such an one in a contract that is for life! if he is a member of other orders ( and especially if a very active one ) he may be charged with being a spy, wanting to find out how we do our work, that he may carry the information as news to others that he


life! if he is a member of other orders ( and especially if a very active one ) he may be charged with being a spy, wanting to find out how we do our work, that he may carry the information as news to others that he probably loves better, etc. or it may be charged that all he wants with us is to get " insurance, " and that he probably will never return to take the other degrees which would of course be poor evidence of his honorable intentions ; or that he will not be likely to live up to the requirements of our order since belonging to so many other orders his affection must be badly " split up. " make him promise that he will take the other two degrees as soon as possible. his reasons for " joining the maccabees " must be handled critically and with the above are only a few of the many suggestions that may he offered for discussion based on his answers both in the application and while in the room. the discussion while dignified and earnest must not descend to anything base or vile or objectionably personal. the point being never to give the candidate any other thought than that his advancement in the order depends upon his ability to prove the purity of his intentions, his physical and mental health and that he is not attempting to gain a membership by fraud, etc. it is one of the objects of this part of the ceremony to get the candidate to talk in order that something may be learned of his coolness, courage, integrity, etc. to that end, give him all the chance he wants to explain and argue and extenuate his sergeant, arising : sir kinight commander, it is probable that some here desire to further express their opinions but do not care to do so in the presence of the candidate. i move that he be conducted to the ante - room until we shall have finished our discussion. commander : such will be taken as the will of all present unless there is objection. sir knight lieutenant commander, conduct your friend to the ante room and there await our further pleasure. lieut. com. without ceremony, conducts the candidate to the ante room ( or to a room adjacent to the tent room in case another candidate is in waiting ) and remains with candidate until recalled. everything being in readiness, the lieutenant commander being notified by the sentinel, enters with the candidate and advancing to the foot of the altar says : lt. commander : sir knight commander, saluting my friend awaits your pleasure. commander, rising : it is the purpose of this household of fraternity to


notified by the sentinel, enters with the candidate and advancing to the foot of the altar says : lt. commander : sir knight commander, saluting my friend awaits your pleasure. commander, rising : it is the purpose of this household of fraternity to judge fellowman with leniency — to study the conduct of men with reference to the prompting motive. we are inclined to overlook mere irregularities or clerical errors, where we are satisfied that the intention has been honorable. sir knights, if you are satisfied that the motives of this candidate are honorable and are willing to test his fitness to become one of us by the supreme tests of strength, courage and liberality, rise to your feet. seated be. addressing candidate : in order to ascertain your fitness for membership in this fraternal household we shall give you ample opportunity to prove yourself possessed of the necessary physical and moral qualifications. do you wish to avail yourself of these opportunities? candidate should answer in the affirmative. sir knight lieutenant commander, proceed with the tests. the candidate is now conducted by the lieutenant commander once round the room while other members place lifting machine near the center of the room, to which the candidate is conducted and made to stand on the platform, take hold of handles and directed to lift as much as he is able. the members may crowd around the machine and make all kinds of remarks as to his strength or weakness as the case may be. when he has given sufficient demonstration of strength so as to " discharge " the machine, the members may compliment him on his ability in that connection and make other complimentary remarks which, would indicate that he has demonstrated the possession of sufficient strength to show that he is in good physical condition. this test being completed the lieutenant commander conducts the candidate again around the room to a position about midway between the altar and the sergeant ’ s station, where he is told by the lieutenant commander that his ‘ courage " will now be put to the test. a few good marksmen have been selected to throw a number of stones at his body. he will be allowed the privilege of freedom, not being bound in any manner, but that he will be put upon his honor and thus most fittingly will his courage be tested. the marksmen will now post themselves at a distance of six or eight steps in front of the candidate, each one carrying a genuine stone and also a small black sponge which has been saturated with water and squeezed until nearly dry, and which he will, at the proper signal, throw hard at the candidate. lieutenant commander now takes position to


of the candidate, each one carrying a genuine stone and also a small black sponge which has been saturated with water and squeezed until nearly dry, and which he will, at the proper signal, throw hard at the candidate. lieutenant commander now takes position to one side, about half way between the candidate and the throwers, saying, " are you ready? i will count three and then say fire! upon the word ‘ fire, ’ each of you will throw a stone at the body before you, but not at any part he cannot protect with his hands. are you ready? ( they say " ready " ) " one — two — three — fire! " the lieutenant commander will say, " fire " very quickly after having counted three, or he may count very irregularly, in order to arouse a feeling of unsafety in the mind of the candidate. the throwers must also be thrown off the " time " thus, so that they do not all throw at the same time. care must be taken that none throw other than the imitation stones or doing anything that can injure the candidate in any instead of using stones, the water guns are very effective for this purpose. two guns are provided, one shoots forward and the other backward. we use the wm. tell act. let candidate stand as above, place an apple or block of wood on his head and direct some good marksman to shoot it off, using forward action gun. then give the candidate a chance to " get even " by shooting the apple from the head of a fellow candidate or some member, and while using the pretext of reloading the gun, exchange it for the one with the back action, so that he will get the " shot " when he discharges the gun. if the candidate has stood this ordeal without flinching or showing evidence of fear, the lieutenant commander should congratulate him upon his coolness and courage and tell him that the possession of such qualifications should make him a good maccabee. if, on the other hand, he has shown evidence of fear by dodging or running away, the lieutenant commander should express his regret and admonish him that he should know and henceforth remember that in a tent of the maccabees he is among friends who would never do him harm or injury. these remarks are addressed to him by the lieutenant commander as he conducts him to the foot of the altar facing the. commander ’ s station, where the lieutenant commander will lt. commander : sir knight commander, my friend awaits


him harm or injury. these remarks are addressed to him by the lieutenant commander as he conducts him to the foot of the altar facing the. commander ’ s station, where the lieutenant commander will lt. commander : sir knight commander, my friend awaits your further commander, arising and in tones of approbation : sir knight lieutenant commander, your friend has demonstrated by tests most convincing that he is indeed well fitted to join with us in the cause of humanity. let him be placed in position to take our solemn vow. lieutenant commander causes candidate to stand at the foot of the altar, his right hand resting upon the black - stone, his open left hand over his heart. by this time the chaplain will have arrived at the head of the altar. the candidate and chaplain being in position, the commander will give three strong raps. chaplain, addressing candidate : you will repeat after me : i do most solemnly vow, in the presence of these witnesses that henceforth, in all matters pertaining to the order of the knights of the maccabees of the world, i will be bound by the laws of the order in force from time to time. that i will not make known to any one not a member of this order, any of its private work or any other thing that i may see or hear under cover of any tent. that i will never take part in any unlawful meeting with members of the order, nor will i publish, directly or indirectly, by spoken, written or printed words anything calculated to discredit the influence or honor of any department of the that i will not knowingly wrong or defraud a tent, a member or any of his family, nor permit it to be done by another if i can prevent it. that i will be temperate in my habits, and upright in my conduct so as to command the respect of all. to all this i pledge my honor as a man to remain true and steadfast as long as i all present : your vow shall be remembered! commander gives one rap. the lieutenant commander will conduct the candidate to the station of the commander. lt. commander : sir knight commander, thus far my friend has appeared in the role of one who was anxious to know and understand our requirements and who is willing to give every evidence of his qualifications as well as of his good faith. he has taken our solemn vow and now desires to engage with us in the great and glorious work of fraternity as taught and practiced by the knights of the maccabees of the world. commander : my friend


as well as of his good faith. he has taken our solemn vow and now desires to engage with us in the great and glorious work of fraternity as taught and practiced by the knights of the maccabees of the world. commander : my friend, in order to engage upon such a high and noble undertaking, you must be invested with the secret work of the degree of protection. i take great pleasure in communicating this work to you. to gain admission into a tent open in the degree of protection, ( the first ), give any ordinary alarm at the outer door. this will attract the picket, who will open the door or wicket, and to him you will give in a whisper, the pass, which, for this term, is … this will admit you into the ante room, advance to the inner door and give one loud rap. the sentinel will open the wicket and to him you will give, in a whisper, your name and the token of this degree, which is honor. this will admit you into the tent. you will now advance, by way of the sergeant ’ s station, to the foot of the altar on which should rest a copy of the books of the maccabees, opened at the first chapter of the second book — a small, black stone resting on the open book. finding the altar so arranged, you will give the salutation of this degree and the step, at the same time, saying, " sir knight commander! " to the presiding officer. you will be recognized by a nod of the head, wave of the hand or gavel. you will then take your seat. the sign is given by placing the left foot directly in front of the right, the heel touching toe, thus. the salutation is given by raising open hands, palms forward, on a level with and about one foot distant from the face, as if shielding it from threatened injury or assault. the gavel is an emblem of authority when in the hands of the presiding officer during any review of the tent. three raps, gives them call all the members to their feet ; one rap gives it, causes all to be seated ; two raps calls to order. the symbolic color of this degree is black ; it symbolizes the dark prospects that surrounded judas maccabeus in the mighty struggle he waged in behalf of physical, mental, and spiritual liberty. i have now given you the regular work of our first degree. any sir knight : sir knight commander! haven ’ t you forgotten commander : i


an opportunity to meet and welcome the new member, the commander will again give two raps and call the tent to order, the lieutenant commander conducting the candidate to a seat on the eli, which should be placed beside the station of the master at arms. the commander, as soon as quiet is restored, will inquire if there is any further business to be transacted in this degree before proceeding to close, when some one, who has been posted in advance, will create a pretext for the purpose of raising a little money. sometimes an object of simple charity is advanced. a widow with sick children has come to town, she is a widow of a maccabee, and should be helped quickly, no time for the usual proceedings, red tape, etc., etc. sometimes it may be a sick sir knight who is passing through town, and is in need of help, or it may be one of the members of the tent. the sentinel may announce that there is a visiting sir knight in the ante room, and a committee may be appointed to wait on him and ascertain his wants. he may be a member of the tent who is playing the roll of a " stranger, " and if he is not known to the candidate he may be invited in, and allowed to tell a " hard luck " story, thus giving a pretext for raising some money. it may be for himself or his family, or if in a small place where the candidate probably knows everybody, the " committee " may simply report without bringing the stranger in. they may say that he preferred not to come in while the tent was acting on his sometimes an appropriation for building purposes or for a worthy enterprise like a church, a hospital, etc. anything will do so that it is agreed upon in advance and promoted with due earnestness and vigor. after there has been some little discussion of the matter, the commander will request those who will give $ 5. 00 or $ 10. 00 or even more according to the need of the case in hand to arise and the record keeper will take their names. no one will rise in response to this suggestion, but the sir knight who has charge of the " eli " will work the lever and as the result of which the new member will be compelled to rise to his feet. the commander will immediately step forward, and congratulate him upon his the candidate is now given a pocket coin, which he is asked to always carry with him, not only as a reminder of his experience during his


compelled to rise to his feet. the commander will immediately step forward, and congratulate him upon his the candidate is now given a pocket coin, which he is asked to always carry with him, not only as a reminder of his experience during his first evening among the maccabees, but as a means of identification. the candidate is being seated. if no other degrees are to be conferred on this candidate at this review, he is allowed to retire, after being requested to be ready for the second degree at the next review. after the candidate has been excused the tent will open again in the third degree and proceed with the regular order of business. care must be taken to know that the eli is working properly — and several members should be " posted " so that if for any reason it does not work promptly they will arise so as to not have the " request for help " fail and thus embarrass the tent instead of the candidate. commander, rises : master at arms, that officer rises and gives " token of sincerity, " what is the last and constant care of every knight of, the maccabees? master at arms : to remember his pledges to the order, and to protect humanity, especially the widows and the orphans. commander : sir knights, never fail to discharge these important duties. let us now sing the closing ode. gives three raps with gavel. air : — sweet bye and bye. 1. we now go from our labors tonight, to our homes, to our hearths, to our rest may our lives overflow with kind acts, our hearts full of joy and tenderness. chorus — let us join in the song, as it comes from that beautiful shore yes, we ’ ll join in the song, as it floats from that beautiful shore. 2. when we meet in our tent once again, when we enter this guarded abode, as brothers our work we ’ ll review, and endeavor to lighten each load. chorus — let us join in the song, etc. 3. when our life ’ s grand review shall be held, in yonder grand mansion of rest, all warfare and trials will be o ’ er, in that beautiful land of the blest. chorus — let us join in the song, etc. commander : sir knight master at arms remove the circle ; close the book ; collect the odes and place all in the depository of this tent. master at arms, after complying with the orders, returns to his station and says :


etc. commander : sir knight master at arms remove the circle ; close the book ; collect the odes and place all in the depository of this tent. master at arms, after complying with the orders, returns to his station and says : sir knight commander, your orders have been obeyed. commander : sir knight sentinel, call in the picket. sentinel, after the picket appears, says : sir knight commander, your orders have been obeyed. commander : this review is ended. sir knights, retire to your homes in peace, and hold yourselves ever in readiness to serve our noble cause. all clap hands, right hand above left ; taking time from the commander, he leading. all bring hands nearly together twice, and the third time together at once ; and the review is ended. knights of the maccabees of ritual of the second, or degree of friendship the tent is arranged to represent an open air court within, or adjacent to, the camp of antiochus the fourth. at the head of the room should be a platform to represent an imp ) rovised throne on which the king is to be seated. a thick curtain extending across foot of room should. be so arranged as to be easily parted in the centre. the king should be seated on the throne, the four soldiers near him as a guard, and eleazar concealed at foot of room. nothing within the actors and costumes sir knight commander as king antiochus iv. crown, coat of mail reaching to knees, official robe of office, gray or brown wig and beard, flesh colored long hose or leggings, sandals strapped well up the calves, scepter in right hand. sir knight chaplain as eleazar. dressed in the garb of a priest, long flowing white gown, white turban with cape to cover hair, long flowing gray beard, large sir knight lieutenant commander as judas maccabeus. dressed as a jewish peasant, black and white turban, tunic, hose and sandals. four selected sir knights as soldiers. wearing helmets, shields, coats of mail reaching to knees, spears, tight fitting long flesh colored hose or leggings, two leather scourges, a metal dish or urn in which to burn the red fire during the preliminaries to be observed before the ceremony begins are exactly like those observed in the first degree, changing the wording and the dressing of the altar, etc., to fit the second, instead of the first, degree. in dressing the altar, the master at


be observed before the ceremony begins are exactly like those observed in the first degree, changing the wording and the dressing of the altar, etc., to fit the second, instead of the first, degree. in dressing the altar, the master at arms will remove the altar to one side of the chaplain ’ s station. commander as king antiochus : sir knight lt. commander, be pleased to retire and introduce our kinsman. lt. commander as judas, arises and salutes the commander. he then retires to the ante - room where the candidate should be in waiting and addresses him as follows : my kinsman, having been found to be physically and morally worthy, you received the first, or degree of protection, in this order. you are now entitled to be advanced to the second, or degree of friendship. nothing will be required of you that a man in pursuit of the higher degrees of this order would hesitate of refuse to endure. i promise that i will accompany you in your journey and be your special friend. with this assurance on my part are you willing to proceed? candidate must answer in the affirmative. then come with me. lieutenant commander then enters the room with the candidate and standing at opening in curtain delivers the following in an earnest, impressive manner : i trust you will thoughtfully observe, and vividly remember, all that you are about to see and hear. in order to prepare you, in a measure, for what will soon take place, allow me to call your attention to an event and happening in the history of the human race that doubtless was one of the most pathetic, and, in some respects, the most remarkable this world has ever seen. about 175 years before the present era ( over two thousand years ago, as you have learned, ) there ruled in syria a king by the name of antiochus the fourth. he was a most cruel and rapacious despot. after plundering the holy city of jerusalem be issued a proclamation that all the people of palestine should deny the ancient faith and forsake their venerable forms of worship. many, in order to save their lives, obeyed the impious decree. there were some, however, who preferred death to dishonor. one such was eleazar, a doctor of the law. he not only refused to obey the edict of the pagan king but determined to go to him and personally make answer before him, according to his understanding of the holy at this moment, the curtain is drawn apart by a sir knight selected for the purpose. the


not only refused to obey the edict of the pagan king but determined to go to him and personally make answer before him, according to his understanding of the holy at this moment, the curtain is drawn apart by a sir knight selected for the purpose. the king and his guards are seen at the head of the room. eleazar, erect and vigorous, emerges from the corner of the room near the foot and boldly approaches the king and his guards. the instant that eleazar comes in sight, the lieutenant commander will exclaim : behold the man! eleazar reaches a point about ten feet distant from the king, whose attendants meantime manifest much impatience waiting for his order to attack the bold intruder. the king, who has been extending his scepter for some time, now exclaims : king : hold! his guards instantly carry or ground spears. who art thou? eleazar : o king! my name is eleazar. i am a doctor of the law. bows in a dignified manner. king, leaning forward, and critically looking over the venerable figure : what wouldest thou before me, ant iochus. i have not sent for thee! eleazar, slowly and with much emphasis : no, o king! thou hast not sent for me. but i hear that thou hast commanded my people to forsake the sacred law and deny its authority. it would be shameful in me to seek shelter at this time, neither will i stain my age and office with hypocrisy. so i have come before thee to say, that i will not obey thy commands, — i will not embrace thy king, seriously : humph! knowest thou the penalty inflicted upon all who refuse to obey my will and commands. eleazar, with much fervor and dignity : yea, o king ; death! a pause. but what if i do escape thy punishment at this time, i could never escape the justice of almighty god! and so i would rather lay down my life now, for the sake of my country and its divine laws, than leave to the young men of my nation pointing to candidate, an example of dishonor! o king, i would! king, talking to himself : this foolish old man shall be taken in his own conceit. and yet i fear nothing in the earth so much as that kind of a rising suddenly and with much vehemence. away with him! let him be scourged to death! stands erect and


shall be taken in his own conceit. and yet i fear nothing in the earth so much as that kind of a rising suddenly and with much vehemence. away with him! let him be scourged to death! stands erect and defiant the very picture of irresponsible power, while the following tableau is being enacted : the guards instantly seize eleazar and rush him to near center of tent. two of the guards hold him while the other two mercilessly lash his back with the leather scourges. eleazar, writhing and groaning, drops limp in death at the feet of the assassins. the king now descends his throne and stands at head of body, chuckling with fiendish satisfaction, and folded arms ; the soldiers raise their spears as if to pierce the corpse ; those who did the scourging stand, — one with the scourge resting on the body, the other with scourge raised as if about to give another blow. at this instant the red fire is lighted and allowed to burn about one minute. the curtain is then closed and the lieutenant commander says : judas : the fidelity of that man is a memorial of civil virtue and personal heroism, not alone to his country and generation but unto all peoples of every age, — as long as patriotism and piety and honesty shall be considered honorable among men. such sublime courage, such utter contempt of death, such free will honesty, mankind will never willingly forget. it is just such heroism as this that is the glory of our race. if you are willing to assist in avenging similar dastardly assaults upon honor, freedom of thought, and liberty of conscience, follow me. candidate is conducted to ante - room and lieutenant commander returns to the in this section, the tent is supposed to represent a scene in the vicinity, and within the walls of jerusalem. curtains of the first section remain. the room should be lighted as in the preceding actors and costumes sir knight commander as general. dressed as was king antiochus in first section, except that the crown is removed for a helmet, the robe of office discarded, and a short grecian sword takes the place of the scepter. he should also carry a scroll which he is supposed to be studying. lieuteuant commander as judas maccabeus. dressed as usual but wearing a red master at arms as friend. dressed as a peasant. four selected sir knights as soldiers. dressed as usual. the route. a strip of rough pathway composed of


. friend, with surprise and avidity : ah - h! i too am on my way to the holy city for the same purpose! let us make haste! straight ahead! the lieutenant commander and master at arms hurry the candidate over the ‘ route. ’ this must be done diligently in order to somewhat tire the candidate. if the ‘ route ’ has plenty of electricity it will make the ceremony more friend : thy friend seems tired ; let him be seated a moment upon this moss covered rock. lieutenant commander and master at arms will see that candidate sits down properly on the " rock. " judas : what! rested so soon! my friend is impatient to reach the city. and, if i mistake not, there is much evidence to indicate that foreign soldiers have been here quite recently. let us hasten. immediately there is a terrible din of shouting and clashing of weapons, with all kinds of exclamations. the candidate is rushed around the circumference of the room at a breakneck rate of speed, but with great care not to injure him in any manner, while his conductors exclaim, " a detachment of soldiers is upon us! " " we are discovered! " " we shall be slain if captured! " " we are lost! " then the lieutenant commander and master at arms differ as to which way to run. one says, " let us go this way! " the other will say " no, this way! " while thus wrangling and pulling the candidate first one way then another, the lieutenant commander becomes separated from the candidate. the object of thus separating the candidate and the lieutenant commander will appear presently. master at arms and candidate now run right into the detachment of syrian soldiers, who set up a most derisive and cruel " horse laugh, " and master at arms drops out of play. first soldier : well, if we haven ’ t another of the rebels! and in second soldier : tear off his mask and lets see what he looks like! tears off candidate ’ s first soldier : shall we kill him or take him to the general? second soldier : why take him to the general, of course, he may be a spy! ha, ha. the other soldier agrees with a hearty laugh, and they hurry the candidate about the room to head of tent, where the general has meantime taken position before his tent, reading his scroll, or sitting on the platform and reading there. first soldier, both giving military salute : general, we have secured another captive. the


candidate about the room to head of tent, where the general has meantime taken position before his tent, reading his scroll, or sitting on the platform and reading there. first soldier, both giving military salute : general, we have secured another captive. the foraging band you dispatched up the valley, came upon three miserable looking peasants and proceeded to capture them. they offered resistance. one was slain on the spot. one defended himself in a most remarkable manner. one undertook to run away. we caught him and have him before you. general, looking up from his paper wearily : let him be searched. the soldiers search him, and finally discover the book. second soldier : general, we find nothing but this book full of all kinds of strange markings. the general takes the book and examines it quickly, for during the time the second soldier makes his response, the other two soldiers are bringing the lieutenant commander in. general, excitedly : why this is the book of the law. he is a maccabee! let him stand aside until we find out what this struggle means. stand the candidate on the electric carpet, and put same into action when general orders him thrown " over the wall. " third soldier, panting and in broken sentences : general, the squad you sent to forage the valley came upon three peasants. one we killed. the other escaped. one of them seemed to have the strength of a lion and the skill of david of old. reinforcements came to our aid else we could not have taken him. he is covered with wounds and almost ready to die from the loss of blood. so we brought him hither. thinking he might be of more value to you alive than dead, we refrained from killing him. we bound up his wounds. in his delirium he continually called for a friend. this we do not understand. question him yourself. here is his sword stained with the blood of our comrades. general, takes the sword without examining it, — his eyes are fastened upon judas, the captive : my comrades, when i report this affair to his majesty the king, it will please me to mention your valor and skill. addressing judas the captive in loud rough tone of voice. stand up, you murderous rebel and tell me who you are! lieutenant commander, sways from side to side as if about to faint ; in a moment he drops to the floor as if dead. general : what, refuse to answer me. ha! ha! you shall be made to speak. guards bind him that he may be made ready