recognizing that, prior to the earthquake, haiti had the worst health indicators and worst access to clean water in the western hemisphere and had one of the world ’ s worst sanitation systems. barry also highlighted partners in health ’ s recently launched haiti cholera vaccine project. the project aims to reduce incidence of disease and transmission and starts with the vaccination of 50, 000 individuals in a rural community in saint - marc. the vaccination project is intended as a complementary measure to prevention and treatment efforts and is part of partners in health ’ s recommended five - point comprehensive response to combat cholera in haiti : 1 ) strengthen water and sanitation infrastructure ; 2 ) identify and treat all those with cholera symptoms ; 3 ) role out a safe, affordable, and effective cholera vaccine ; 4 ) strengthen haiti ’ s public health system ; and 5 ) improve effectiveness of foreign assistance to haiti. echoing barry ’ s description of haiti prior to the earthquake, dr. luiz augusto galvao described the epidemic as “ the perfect storm. ” galvao emphasized that, before the earthquake, only 17 % of haitians had access to improved sanitation, only 69 % had access to drinking water ( compared to 88 % in bolivia, the second poorest country in the western hemisphere after haiti ), and haiti had not experienced a cholera outbreak for over 100 years. galvao explained that an adequate sanitation system is important for recovery from a cholera outbreak and that haiti ’ s population has demonstrated a strong willingness to participate in the efforts taken to stop the epidemic. in response to the earthquake, paho / who and haiti ’ s ministry of public health and population ( mssp ) led the health cluster, a humanitarian response mechanism for the coordination of agencies, institutions, and organizations working in the health sector. as the first cholera cases were detected, the health cluster coordinated efforts for the storage and distribution of medicines ( one of the biggest problems haiti faced ), treatment, and health promotion, including hygiene and water safety. the health cluster also developed messages aimed at helping communities understand the problem and the solutions involving hygiene, use of water, and water safety. galvao also underscored paho ’ s focus on improving water quality and its participation in the water and sanitation cluster, which is led by unicef. paho ’ s current processes include ministerial meetings involving the haiti and the dominican republic, as well as the development of national plans. paho has also proposed an international coalition to help haiti that would be composed of paho, un - water, unicef, the centers for disease control and prevention ( cdc


the haiti and the dominican republic, as well as the development of national plans. paho has also proposed an international coalition to help haiti that would be composed of paho, un - water, unicef, the centers for disease control and prevention ( cdc ), the world bank, agencia espanola de cooperacion internacional para el desarrollo ( aecid ), canada, france, and brazil, among others. the coalition is to be launched in june 2012. galvao also recalled the recent call to action for a cholera - free hispaniola, sponsored by paho / who, the cdc, and unicef, together with governments of haiti and the dominican republic that outlines four key lines of action : 1 ) improve water, sanitation and hygiene infrastructure ; 2 ) create a task force for water, sanitation, and hygiene infrastructure ; 3 ) develop detailed plan and timeline for water, sanitation and hygiene infrastructure ; and 4 ) honor pledged post - earthquake funds and recruit new partners, which galvao emphasized as a “ fundamental solution ” to control cholera in haiti. mario lopez - garelli presented on how the inter - american commission has used the mechanisms at its disposal to aid post - earthquake haiti. while the commission has been monitoring the general human rights situation in haiti for over forty years, since the earthquake, the commission has worked with the government and civil society organizations to promote the use of a human rights approach for the reconstruction of haiti. based on the information received, the commission has primarily focused on the living and security conditions at the camps of internally displaced persons ( idps ), sexual violence against women and girls in these camps, and forced evictions. the commission has used a number of its mechanisms to address these issues, including public hearings, working meetings, press releases, reports, working visits by the commission ’ s rapporteur for haiti, and the issuance of precautionary measures ( requests to the government to take the necessary measures to prevent irreparable harm to persons involved in a pending petition or case before the commission ). lopez - garelli explained that women and girls in idp camps faced conditions that put them at risk of rape, beatings, and threats. through the precautionary measures granted to protect women and girls in these camps, the commission expressed to the haitian government its concern over the lack of intervention and monitoring of the situation by state agencies that has exacerbated the situation. moreover, among other requests, the commission requested that victims of sexual violence receive mental and psychological services,


commission expressed to the haitian government its concern over the lack of intervention and monitoring of the situation by state agencies that has exacerbated the situation. moreover, among other requests, the commission requested that victims of sexual violence receive mental and psychological services, access to medical services, privacy during examinations, access to female medical and culturally sensitive providers with experience with rape victims, issuance of medical certificates, hiv prophylaxis, and emergency contraception. in response to the lack of security in the camps, the commission requested that proper lighting, the presence of women police officers, patrolling, training of appropriate responses by police forces, creation of special units within judicial police of haiti to investigate cases of rape and other forms of sexual violence, and the full participation of grassroots and women groups in the planning and implementation of these policies. according to lopez - garelli, while the commission has since received encouraging information pointing to some improvement in the conditions that put girls and women at risk of sexual violence — improved lighting near toilets ( where these attacks are most frequent ), better treatment by police officers during investigations, and the drafting of necessary legislation — there are still recommendations that require implementation. the commission continues to monitor the situation and is eager to continue utilizing all its mechanisms to help protect human rights in haiti. brian cocannon emphasized that while it is important to address the medical and public health issues of the problem, there is also a need to discuss the legal aspects of the situation, particularly that the cause can be explained in legal terms. along with bureau des avocats internationaux ( bai ) in port - au - prince, cocannon ’ s organization, institute for justice and democracy in haiti, filed a complaint in november 2011 on behalf of 5, 000 cholera victims against the united nations before both the united nations stabilization mission in haiti ( minustah ) claims unit and u. n. secretary - general for allegedly acting recklessly and allowing the introduction and spread of cholera in haiti. according to concannon, u. n. accountability was clear. by failing to test nepalese troops coming in as u. n. peacekeepers, who the u. n. knew were coming from a place with a cholera epidemic, and recklessly disposing waste at the nepalese peacekeeper ’ s camp, the u. n. violated the law. the u. n. has denied fault, claiming that the cholera outbreak was a result of a “ confluence of factors, ” including poor water and sanitation systems in haiti. however, concannon explained that


the u. n. violated the law. the u. n. has denied fault, claiming that the cholera outbreak was a result of a “ confluence of factors, ” including poor water and sanitation systems in haiti. however, concannon explained that while a confluence of factors play an important role in the epidemic, such factors gave the u. n. even more reason for being more careful. the complaint filed asks that the u. n. 1 ) provide clean water and the sanitation necessary to control the epidemic, 2 ) compensation for the victims, and 3 ) an apology. concannon described this lawsuit as an opportunity for the u. n. to “ make things right ” for the people in haiti because, should the u. n. provide the necessary clean water and sanitation requested, the u. n. would help haiti prevent the spread of other waterborne diseases in the future and be able to save thousands of lives lost every year to these diseases. the lawsuit is also an opportunity for the u. n. to help advance the rule of law. finally, the lawsuit is an opportunity for the u. n. to garner public support by living up to its ideals. mark weisbrot, an economist, described haiti ’ s situation as a misallocation of resources. weisbrot pointed out that the u. n. had spent $ 1. 5 billion on minustah, the peacekeeping forces, while the needed infrastructure would cost $ 746 million, $ 230 million has been spent on cholera ( not even a sixth of what has been spent on minustah ), and the cost of the vaccination campaign is equivalent to a half - day ’ s budget of minustah. therefore, weisbrot saw congress as potentially playing an important role in influencing the u. n. and other international actors to ensure the proper allocation of resources and placing political pressure on the u. n. to provide the resources needed for the improvement of water and sanitation system. moreover, weisbrot emphasized the urgency of making sure that the necessary resources are deployed now and not misinterpret a decline of the epidemic as necessarily successful intervention. last year, the international community reduced its efforts upon observing a decline before the rainy season and incorrectly interpreted it as a result of successful intervention. the decline was followed by a spike during the rainy season, during which more lives were lost. the international community should not make the same mistake. for more background on the legal aspects of the cholera epidemic in haiti, see our four - part series “


ganglion cysts are the most common mass or lump in the hand. they are not cancerous and, in most cases, are harmless. they occur in various locations, but most frequently develop on the back of the wrist. these fluid - filled cysts can quickly appear, disappear, and change size. many ganglion cysts do not require treatment. however, if the cyst is painful, interferes with function, or has an unacceptable appearance, there are several treatment options available. a ganglion rises out of a joint, like a balloon on a stalk. it grows out of the tissues surrounding a joint, such as ligaments, tendon sheaths, and joint linings. inside the balloon is a thick, slippery fluid, similar to the fluid that lubricates your joints. ganglion cysts can develop in several of the joints in the hand and wrist, including both the top and underside of the wrist, as well as the end joint of a finger, and at the base of a finger. they vary in size, and in many cases, grow larger with increased wrist activity. with rest, the lump typically becomes smaller. it is not known what triggers the formation of a ganglion. they are most common in younger people between the ages of 15 and 40 years, and women are more likely to be affected than men. these cysts are also common among gymnasts, who repeatedly apply stress to the wrist. ganglion cysts that develop at the end joint of a finger — also known as mucous cysts — are typically associated with arthritis in the finger joint, and are more common in women between the ages of 40 and 70 years. most ganglions form a visible lump, however, smaller ganglions can remain hidden under the skin ( occult ganglions ). although many ganglions produce no other symptoms, if a cyst puts pressure on the nerves that pass through the joint, it can cause pain, tingling, and muscle weakness. large cysts, even if they are not painful, can cause concerns about appearance. medical history and physical examination during the initial appointment, your doctor will discuss your medical history and symptoms. he or she may ask you how long you have had the ganglion, whether it changes in size, and whether it is painful. pressure may be applied to identify any tenderness. because a ganglion is filled with fluid, it is translucent. your doctor may shine a penlight up to the cyst to see whether light shines through. x - rays.


it is painful. pressure may be applied to identify any tenderness. because a ganglion is filled with fluid, it is translucent. your doctor may shine a penlight up to the cyst to see whether light shines through. x - rays. these tests create clear pictures of dense structures, like bone. although x - rays will not show a ganglion cyst, they can be used to rule out other conditions, such as arthritis or a bone tumor. magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) scans or ultrasounds. these imaging tests can better show soft tissues like a ganglion. sometimes, an mri or ultrasound is needed to find an occult ganglion that is not visible, or to distinguish the cyst from other tumors. initial treatment of a ganglion cyst is not surgical. - observation. because the ganglion is not cancerous and may disappear in time, if you do not have symptoms, your doctor may recommend just waiting and watching to make sure that no unusual changes occur. - immobilization. activity often causes the ganglion to increase in size and also increases pressure on nerves, causing pain. a wrist brace or splint may relieve symptoms and cause the ganglion to decrease in size. as pain decreases, your doctor may prescribe exercises to strengthen the wrist and improve range of motion. - aspiration. if the ganglion causes a great deal of pain or severely limits activities, the fluid may be drained from it. this procedure is called an aspiration. the area around the ganglion cyst is numbed and the cyst is punctured with a needle so that the fluid can be withdrawn. aspiration frequently fails to eliminate the ganglion because the " root " or connection to the joint or tendon sheath is not removed. a ganglion can be like a weed which will grow back if the root is not removed. in many cases, the ganglion cyst returns after an aspiration procedure. aspiration procedures are most frequently recommended for ganglions located on the top of the wrist. your doctor may recommend surgery if your symptoms are not relieved by nonsurgical methods, or if the ganglion returns after aspiration. the procedure to remove a ganglion cyst is called an excision. surgery involves removing the cyst as well as part of the involved joint capsule or tendon sheath, which is considered the root of the ganglion. even after excision, there is a small chance the ganglion will return. excision is typically an outpatient procedure and patients are able to


we previously discussed the six remembrances and the six constant mitzvos. it should not surprise us that that these two sets of six items each correspond to one another, as follows : i. to remember the exodus from egypt = to know that there is a god the verse that tells us to believe in hashem specifically says, " i am hashem your god who brought you out of egypt. " ii. to remember the making of the golden calf = not to believe in any other " gods " the jews in the desert grievously erred in this and we must remember so that we do not follow their example. iii. to remember receiving the torah at sinai = to know that god is one the torah, which hashem gave us, is a testament to his unity. iv. to remember shabbos = to love god shabbos was given to us by hashem as a sign of his love. in the shabbos davening ( prayers ) we say, “ you, hashem, have given us shabbos in your love … ” v. to remember amalek ’ s evil attack = to be in awe of god how did amalek have the audacity to attack the jews so soon after seeing what hashem did for them in egypt? the torah tells us ( deuteronomy 25 : 18 ) that “ they did not fear god. " lack of reverence for hashem leads to such reprehensible actions. vi. to remember miriam ’ s punishment = not to be led astray by our desires we are warned not to follow our hearts or eyes in order to go astray. psalms 34 : 15 asks, “ who is the person who desires life, who loves years to see good things? guard your tongue from speaking evil … ” the act of slandering others ( for which miriam was punished ) leads us away from the path of life and goodness.


the fossil fuel model has run out of road. we have no option but to revolutionize the energy system. most of the time available has already been wasted by the oil lobby and its political allies. national governments and useless old men who run city councils continue to make the wrong decisions. it is time to get serious about this. and unreasonable. we need to create a new system, and that needs intelligence and order. carbon needs a high and stable price, but for that price to result in avoided emissions, i. e. renewable energy and carbon capture solutions, a global market is also needed. otherwise we ' ll be sitting in the cold and dark on our own, while the seas rise and the super - hurricanes approach. - by dr julian caldecott existing technologies have the potential to power the world reliably and cleanly, however, major political and economical barriers still stand in our way. the developed world has irresponsibly supported dirty fossil fuel industries for decades and irreversibly exploited the planet ’ s phenomenal coal, oil and gas resources. the burning of these precious resources has undoubtedly fuelled the rapid technological and social progress that has brought an improved quality of life to many. however, it has also helped create a seemingly insurmountable gap between the world ’ s richest and poorest. commitment to a new model of development is imperative if we are not to condemn the planet to the catastrophic impacts of climate change. as citizens of the planet earth our collective voice has the power to overcome all barriers to a clean energy revolution. check out the proposals / projects pages and the work of our links and partner organizations to get involved. also, take a look at our future planet ’ s innovative ‘ ideas globe ’ to understand how energy issues link to other planetary issues such as economics / politics, the built environment and ecosystems. let ’ s create a cleaner and fairer energy system.


2011 perseid meteor shower : viewing not so good! the 2011 perseid meteor shower is expected to peak during the early morning hours of august 12th and august 13th. unfortunately, the full moon is going to be competing for your attention – making meteor viewing not so good! the perseid meteor shower is caused by the earth moving through the debris path left from the comet swift - tuttle. the source of the meteors appears to be the constellation perseus – which is why this meteor shower is referred to as the perseids. this is one of the most active meteor events of the year, but unfortunately, the full moon will steal the show! the bright full moon will overpower some of the dimmer perseids – you won ’ t be able to see them from because of the moon ’ s glare. don ’ t despair! you should still be able to see the brightest fireballs which will make for great viewing indeed. the perseids are visible throughout the night from 10pm until sunrise, but remember that the best time to view them is when the earth is facing into the debris field – which are the hours just before dawn. if the perseids aren ’ t enough of a reason to get up before dawn, check this out. the international space station will also be making a series of early morning flybys in north america. how cool would it be to see the iss pass by overhead while viewing a meteor shower? you can check out the times of the iss flybys at the satellite flybys site. if you get some pictures, send them in! enjoy the show this weekend! image credit : nasa perseid meteor shower 2012 2009 perseid meteor shower review perseid meteor shower 2010 includes planetary conjunction! edward herrick perseid meteor shower the eta aquarid meteor shower : halley ’ s comet debris trail


there are several text based and binary message types in the sms technology. the most common message type is a standard text message, that is less then 160 characters and that uses the 7 bit gsm alphabet. if you want to send a message longer then 160 characters, you will send a multipart sms. a message containing international characters, is called a unicode sms. a unicode sms message can contain 70 characters. if you want to send a unicode message longer then 70 characters, you will send a multipart unicode sms message. text messages can also have attributes. these attributes can make the message display immediately when it arrives ( flash sms ), or they can turn on small icons on the cellphone ( e. g. : voice mail indication ). binary messages can carry mobile phone configuration information and mobile content. for example a ringtone, a wallpaper or wap browser settings can be sent as sms. for a complete list of sms message types, please visit the sms message type page. multipart messages are used if long text is sent through the network. in this case text is split into several sms messages, during the delivery. when you send a long message the sending mobile phone splits the message into segments, and sends it through the mobile network. the recipient phone reassembles the segments and displays the text to the user when all message parts arrive. this means a multipart sms is message takes several sms - es to go through the mobile network, meaning it costs more. ozeki ng sms gateway handles multipart messages properly. it does the segmentation when necessary for outgoing messages and it performs the reassembly for incoming multipart sms - es.


multiple sclerosis and pregnancy most people who are diagnosed with multiple sclerosis ( ms ) are women in their child - bearing years. questions about whether ms affects getting pregnant or about labor and delivery are common. here are some answers : - most couples in which one partner has ms are able to have children without ms affecting the pregnancy, labor, or delivery. - ms does not increase the risk of miscarriage or birth defects. - some women have fewer ms symptoms during pregnancy, then a temporary relapse after delivery. but pregnancy, delivering a baby, and early motherhood do not increase the risk of being disabled by ms over time. reference 1 - there is some evidence that pregnancy may actually help delay disability long - term in women who have ms. reference 2 if you have ms, and you want to have children, talk with your doctor. some things to think about and plan for include : - some medicines used to treat ms should not be used during pregnancy. if you are taking medicine for ms, use reliable birth control until you decide to try to become pregnant. talk to your doctor about when to stop taking the medicine. in some cases, your doctor may suggest that you wait to start trying to get pregnant until a relapse has ended and you are not taking medicine. - some medicines used to treat ms should not be used during breast - feeding. the decision about when to start taking ms medicines again after pregnancy is an individual decision each woman will need to make. talk with your doctor and consider your personal values, desires, and the severity of your ms. - some symptoms common in pregnancy and after the baby ' s birth can be made worse by ms. these include depression and fatigue. plan for any help you may need to manage your work, household, and other children during pregnancy and for the first few months after the baby is born. - the baby may be slightly more likely to develop ms later in life than a child born to parents who do not have ms. - some people with ms become disabled over time. because of this, some couples decide not to have children or to have fewer children than they might have otherwise. other couples don ' t change their plans for a family after they learn about ms. - both women and men who have ms may need help to overcome sexual problems, such as problems with arousal or ejaculation. - find an reference obstetrician opens new window to care for you through your pregnancy and delivery. find one who is willing to work closely with the doctor who helps you


fathom five national marine park of canada : a world - famous shipwreck diving destination a forerunner of the national marine conservation area ( nmca ) system, fathom five national marine park is a world - famous diving destination due to the large number of historic shipwrecks preserved in the clear freshwaters off tobermory, ontario. at least 27 historic shipwrecks are located within the park boundaries, which is situated at the northern end of the bruce peninsula separating georgian bay from lake huron. because of the numerous rocky islands and shallow reefs, combined with frequent fog and violent storms, navigation has always been dangerous in this area. originally, the government of ontario established a provincial marine park at tobermory in 1972 in order to protect the significant shipwrecks in the area. the operation of the park was transferred to the federal government in 1987, and fathom five became canada ’ s first national marine park. it is now included within the nmca system, the goal of which is to protect and conserve representative examples of canada ’ s natural and cultural marine heritage and to provide opportunities for public education and enjoyment. the engine bed and remains of the lower portion of the steam engine on the w. l. wetmore © parks canada the wrecks in fathom five represent the most common types of commercial vessels that would have plied the waters of the great lakes during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. they include sailing schooners, fishing vessels, steamers and tugs, and various smaller craft. the vessels were employed to transport lumber and grain, for commercial fishing, or to carry passengers and freight to small communities around the lake. divers at the bow of the sweepstakes. © parks canada / denis page even non - divers can enjoy viewing these sites, thanks to the glass - bottom boat tours that pass over the wreck sweepstakes, which lies in shallow, clear water. the sweepstakes, a two - masted wooden schooner, was launched in 1867. the vessel struck a rock off cove island on the evening of august 23, 1885. the crew managed to make their way safely to the nearby lighthouse. sweepstakes was salvaged a week later, and towed to big tub harbour for repairs. however, the vessel was too badly damaged and could not be saved, so all of the valuable equipment and rigging was stripped and sweepstakes was abandoned in the location where it rests today. note that a number of archaeological sites are also located on the islands within the park boundaries. fathom five


punjabi phase 1, unit 16 - 20 learn to speak and understand punjabi with pimsleur language programs this edition : mp3 your price : $ 21. 95 availability : available for immediate download free audio lesson pimsleur covers the world of languages. you can choose from over 50 languages, many with multiple levels, ranging from the most popular to the exotic. become a pimsleur learner and travel the world! includes 5 lessons ( 150 minutes ) as mp3 download about the punjabi language - punjabi is an indo - aryan language of the indo - european language family. it is unique for being the only tonal language in this family. - there are ten punjabi dialects which are mostly mutually intelligible. this course teaches the eastern punjabi dialect as spoken in india. - punjabi is spoken by approximately 110 - 112 million people world - wide. - it is an official language in the indian states of punjab, haryana and himachal pradesh, and is also spoken elsewhere in northwestern india. although not considered an offical language in pakistan, it is spoken by the majority in the pakistani province of punjab. - it is also spoken by expatriate communities in bangladesh, canada, fiji, kenya, libya, malaysia ( peninsular ), mauritius, singapore, united arab emirates, united kingdom, and the united states. in canada, punjabi is thought to be the sixth most frequently spoken language. - punjabi is most commonly written using the gurmukhi script. the reading lessons in this course teach how to read the gurmukhi alphabet. the pimsleur® method is scientifically proven to be your fastest route to near - native fluency. speak and understand punjabi in just 30 minutes a day. punjabi phase 1, units 16 - 20 build on material taught in prior units. each lesson provides 30 minutes of spoken language practice, with an introductory conversation, and new vocabulary and structures. detailed instructions enable you to understand and participate in the conversation. each lesson contains practice for vocabulary introduced in previous lessons. the emphasis is on pronunciation and comprehension, and on learning to speak punjabi.


when conversations become crucial — when the stakes grow high, opinions differ, and emotions run strong — what tactics do you typically revert to in order to navigate the discussion effectively? are you a masterful communicator or a danger to dialogue? take the following quiz to find out your style under stress and learn what skills and tactics you need to master in order to improve the way you communicate in even the most crucial conversations. style under stress test instructions - before you start, read through the following points : relationship. before you get started, think about the relationship you want to improve — with your boss, coworker, direct report, friend, or family member — and keep this relationship in mind. circumstance. next, think of a tough situation — one that you might have handled poorly or avoided altogether. apply. now, with that situation in mind, respond to the following statements as either true or false. t f ( violence ) when arguments get really heated there are times when i exaggerate my view, use harsh expression such as “ that ’ s ridiculous!, ” or i might even say things that hurt the other person. t f ( silence ) at times rather than share my honest view, i use sarcasm to make my point, hold back my opinion altogether, or i might even avoid people rather than get into an argument. t f ( start with heart ) when i really get into an argument, sometimes i get so caught up in the heat of the moment that i move from trying to respectfully make my point to trying to win or maybe even discredit the other person. t f ( state ) when i really want to make sure my point is heard, i start with my conclusions such as “ you can ’ t be trusted ” — and then i follow with a strong statement of the facts — taking care to avoid weak words such as “ perhaps, ” or “ i was wondering if … ” t f ( learn to look ) in the middle of a tough conversation, i occasionally get so caught up in arguments that i miss how i ’ m coming across to others and fail to step back and adjust my verbal strategy. t f ( explore ) when others appear hesitant to speak their honest view about a difficult or controversial topic, i don ’ t try to get them to open up, instead i either continue with my views or change the subject. t f ( make it safe ) when i find that i ’ m at cross purposes with someone, i often push ahead and keep trying to win my argument rather than looking


to open up, instead i either continue with my views or change the subject. t f ( make it safe ) when i find that i ’ m at cross purposes with someone, i often push ahead and keep trying to win my argument rather than looking for common ground or maybe even apologizing for being too forceful. t f ( master my stories ) when a conversation goes poorly, i ’ m more inclined to see the mistakes others made than notice my own role. t f ( move to action ) when finishing up a high - stakes and emotional conversation there have been times when i don ’ t complete the discussion by clarifying who will do what by when or identifying who has what decision authority. t f ( overall ) when stakes are high, emotions run strong, and i really want to make sure my opinion is heard, i tend to get caught up in the moment and end up being more on my worst behavior than i am on my best behavior. score a 1 for each false answer and tally up the number of points you received. if you scored : 9 – 10 dialogue wonder. keep it up. 7 – 9 good job, but you can still use some work. brush up on your crucial conversations skills. 4 – 7 in need of skills. you ’ re about average, so improving you crucial conversations could help you get unstuck. 0 – 3 don ’ t leave the house. before you do anything else, learn how to hold crucial conversations. © 2009 vitalsmarts. all rights reserved. vitalsmarts, crucial, crucial skills, and style under stress are trademarks and crucial conversations is a registered trademark of vitalsmarts, l. c. about the authors this award - winning team of authors has produced three new york times bestsellers, crucial conversations : tools for talking when stakes are high ( 2002 ), crucial confrontations : tools for resolving broken promises, violated expectations, and bad behavior ( 2005 ), and influencer : the power to change anything ( 2007 ). kerry patterson has authored award - winning training programs and led multiple long - term change efforts. he received the prestigious 2004 byu marriott school of management dyer award for outstanding contribution in organizational behavior. he did doctoral work in organizational behavior at stanford university. joseph grenny is an acclaimed keynote speaker and consultant who has designed and implemented major corporate change initiatives for the past 20 years. he is also a cofounder of unitus, a nonprofit organization that helps the world ’ s poor achieve economic self - reliance. ron mcmillan is a sought - after speaker


who has designed and implemented major corporate change initiatives for the past 20 years. he is also a cofounder of unitus, a nonprofit organization that helps the world ’ s poor achieve economic self - reliance. ron mcmillan is a sought - after speaker and consultant. he cofounded the covey leadership center, where he served as vice president of research and development. he has worked with leaders ranging from first - level managers to corporate executives on topics such as leadership and team development. al switzler is a renowned consultant and speaker who has directed training and management initiatives with dozens of fortune 500 companies worldwide. he is on the faculty of the executive development center at the university of michigan. we have one ( 1 ) copy of crucial conversations : tools for talking when stakes are high to give away to one luky reader. there are several ways to enter - here are the rules : please note : your email address must either be in your comment or available on your blogger profile or your entry will not count!! * * * leave us a comment on any post here at pink lemonade ( be sure to comment on this post & let us know where you commented ). feel free to leave a comment on this post telling us why your teenager is driving you crazy!! * become a follower on twitter. leave me a comment to let me know your twitter name ( if you are already a follower, leave me a comment with your twitter name ). * become a fan on our new facebook page. leave me a comment to let me know your facebook name. * subscribe to our rss feed or sign up to receive pink lemonade by email. leave me a comment to let me know you. if you are already a subscriber, leave me a comment and let me know. * blog about our contest on your blog. leave me a comment with your post url. * place our widget on your blog ( it ' s toward the bottom of this page in the far right column - just click " get widget " at the bottom of the widget ). leave me a comment with your site url. * become a member of our social network. leave a comment with your username. there you have it! seven very simple ways to enter our contest - how easy is that? complete rules can be found on our contest page. this contest ends today thursday, june 11th at 11 : 59pm ( pdst ) so don ' t wait - make sure you ' ve gotten all seven entries today! please note : entries


special report - cultivating future technologies as the year 2000 arrives, many people are looking back in time to determine how the world will change in the next millennium. science has always played a significant role in society, but according to dr. gerry stokes, who leads pacific northwest national laboratory ' s environmental science and health division, that role will change in the coming century and in the next millennium. he notes that science has evolved over time and will continue to evolve as it plays an increasingly important role in our daily lives. we asked dr. stokes about how science has changed and how it will tackle the tough problems in the future. how has science evolved in the last century? prior to this century, two kinds of science evolved. first, we had galileo. he asked, ` why should people just think about something when they could go out and measure it? ' this way of thinking led to modern experimental science. then we had newton and modern mathematically based theoretical science. he brought rigor to the process of creating a self - consistent explanation of existing facts. in the twentieth century, driven by von neumann, we began computational science, in which we use computer models to examine the consequences of what we think we already know. while this is related to newton ' s theoretical approach, it is very different. do you see computer models as the wave of the future? yes, but computers aren ' t large enough to hold everything we know. we have to decide what to put in them, and that is the heart of computational science. science has traditionally focused on the process of reductionism — taking things apart and forming specialties to look at every little piece. we have to reassemble knowledge to attack the big complicated problems. for example, we don ' t know how the human body operates as a whole. we study cells, or systems, or some smaller piece of the puzzle that can be brought into the lab or entered into a computer. computational science will help make the transition from science of the lab to science in the real world. how will this transition from science in the lab to science in the world take place? as i look to the future, i see science as being necessarily multidisciplinary and perhaps inter - disciplinary. teams of people from different disciplines will have to come together to tackle a problem. this will be challenging because we ' re used to dealing with things in small pieces. there are some technologies in today ' s world, like automobiles and aircraft, that no one person knows everything there is to know about them. instead


tackle a problem. this will be challenging because we ' re used to dealing with things in small pieces. there are some technologies in today ' s world, like automobiles and aircraft, that no one person knows everything there is to know about them. instead we have specialized experts that understand specific parts and work together to create the product. as we look at the real world, if we ' re not looking at the whole problem, i don ' t think we know how to ask the right questions to guide these teams on a path to the solution. can you explain what you mean about the " right " questions? we have a difficult time articulating the big questions. it ' s not obvious to me that the breakthroughs we need will come from looking through the small windows of traditional science. in studies of global warming the questions being addressed deal with how much the climate is changing, how fast it is changing and what will happen as a result. i ' m not convinced that those are the questions we need to be answering. maybe the question should be more like ` how can we characterize the planet in a way to understand how it changes and how we are affected by those changes? ' has the obligation of science changed in the last century? the biggest change is that science is far more central to civilization than it was at the start of the century. the advancement of civilization depends on it and reaps the benefits from it. i think society expects more of us. what does society expect from science? the world wants more than technology. the public wants science to help make sense of the world around us — to put things into perspective. in that regard, science has a lot to offer. i think that the environment and health are the two biggest challenges the public wants addressed. how can pacific northwest help address those issues? there are three strands in our environmental mission here at the lab. environmental science helps us understand the legacy of past practices. society has created situations that are causing difficulty now, and we need science to help ` unfoul the footpath. ' then there ' s the stewardship issue. what kind of legacy are we leaving behind? for every gallon of gas we use we ' re putting five pounds of carbon into the atmosphere. we want to know if some seemingly unconnected act, such as driving cars, is causing the extinction of a species or the elimination of a small island nation. the focus now is moving to the question of how the environment impacts human health. how is what we ' re putting into the environment affecting


act, such as driving cars, is causing the extinction of a species or the elimination of a small island nation. the focus now is moving to the question of how the environment impacts human health. how is what we ' re putting into the environment affecting people? the science we use to answer this question is 20 years old. as a society we ' ve based our conclusions on experiments where animals are exposed to high doses and then inferences are made on how lower doses would affect people. finding a better way is a new and challenging area for science. it ' s significant because these results are the basis for environmental legislation and regulation. why did it take so long for the need to understand how the environment affects human health to rise to the surface? it comes back to whether we ' re asking the right questions. health issues can be very personal. medicine is very diagnostic. people feel bad and they want to be healed. outside of epidemiology, there haven ' t been many attempts to deal with populations as a whole. we ' ve had computer models of climate systems for about 10 years and yet there are no models of the public health. we need to ask questions like how would changing the smoking habits of every person affect society ' s health? how many people would still get lung disease from other causes? we need to understand the compounding factors to truly determine the risk elements of disease. besides computer modeling, what kinds of research are becoming increasingly important? we ' re learning what drives biotechnology. we ' re building an understanding of the human genome, which is the code for life. we will then be able to determine what proteins are being made in cells, but that ' s only part of the picture. some are made and destroyed, others combine to form something else. now we ' re beginning to determine what proteins are actually present and what they do. this will create a new class of diagnostics to show how humans react to the environment. in the final analysis, computation will be critical here as well. what ' s the point of knowing something if you don ' t know the consequences? with computer modeling you can decrease the amount of experimentation it takes to make the world approachable.


- special reports - the magazine eight u. s. geological survey ( usgs ) scientists camped out for a week on wizard island in oregon, a cinder cone inside the blown - out volcano that forms crater lake, the nation ’ s deepest and clearest lake. they generated the most accurate maps ever of the lake bottom for a $ 153, 000 partnering project among the usgs, the national park service and the university of new hampshire. using high - resolution multibeam echo - sounding sonar mounted on a 26 - foot boat flown by a helicopter into the lake, the scientists generated millions of depth soundings, their positions plotted by a differential gps. the data was run through computer software used by oil companies to map the sea floor for pipelines and exploration. it produced color 3 - d images that can be viewed from above as a map or sideways as if you were flying through the caldera, the bowl left when the volcano collapsed with all the water taken out. a 1959 survey using early echo - sounding technology generated about 4, 000 data points around the lake, which is the basis for current maps and models. the new survey generated some six million data points. it is far more accurate, thanks to gps navigation and equipment that measures the temperature ( low 60s in the summertime at the surface, just above freezing year - round at the bottom ) and chemical composition of the water to factor into the soundings. the gps system, used in lake tahoe in 1998, is accurate to within 50 centimeters, or about a foot and a half. a transducer in the boat sends out a fan - shaped pulse of sound made up of 111 beams, which bounce back from the lake bottom and are recorded by a network of receivers. in the shallows, the fan of sound covers about 50 feet, while in the deep it spreads to 800 feet. the survey confirmed that crater lake, being only six miles across, remains the deepest lake in the united states at 1, 985 feet ( it was measured as 1, 932 feet in 1959 ). that ’ s not enough to surpass the great slave lake in canada as the deepest in north america at 2, 015 feet. crater lake was formed about 7, 700 years ago when mount mazama, a 12, 000 - foot volcano in the cascade range, went through a massive eruption that blew ash as far as alberta, canada. wizard island is one of the small volcanoes that grew within the caldera. william steel, the father of crater lake national park, performed the


pg _ dumpall is a utility for writing out ( " dumping " ) all postgresql databases of a cluster into one script file. the script file contains sql commands that can be used as input to psql to restore the databases. it does this by calling pg _ dump for each database in a cluster. pg _ dumpall also dumps global objects that are common to all databases. ( pg _ dump does not save these objects. ) this currently includes information about database users and groups, tablespaces, and properties such as access permissions that apply to databases as a whole. since pg _ dumpall reads tables from all databases you will most likely have to connect as a database superuser in order to produce a complete dump. also you will need superuser privileges to execute the saved script in order to be allowed to add users and groups, and to create databases. the sql script will be written to the standard output. use the [ - f | file ] option or shell operators to redirect it into a file. pg _ dumpall needs to connect several times to the postgresql server ( once per database ). if you use password authentication it will ask for a password each time. it is convenient to have a ~ /. pgpass file in such cases. see section 31. 15 for more information. the following command - line options control the content and format of the output. dump only the data, not the schema ( data definitions ). include sql commands to clean ( drop ) databases before recreating them. drop commands for roles and tablespaces are added as well. send output to the specified file. if this is omitted, the standard output is used. dump only global objects ( roles and tablespaces ), no databases. a deprecated option that is now ignored. dump object identifiers ( oids ) as part of the data for every table. use this option if your application references the oid columns in some way ( e. g., in a foreign key constraint ). otherwise, this option should not be used. do not output commands to set ownership of objects to match the original database. by default, pg _ dumpall issues alter owner or set session authorization statements to set ownership of created schema elements. these statements will fail when the script is run unless it is started by a superuser ( or the same user that owns all of the objects in the script ). to make a script that can be restored by any user,


created schema elements. these statements will fail when the script is run unless it is started by a superuser ( or the same user that owns all of the objects in the script ). to make a script that can be restored by any user, but will give that user ownership of all the objects, specify - o. dump only roles, no databases or tablespaces. dump only the object definitions ( schema ), not data. specify the superuser user name to use when disabling triggers. this is only relevant if - - disable - triggers is used. ( usually, it ' s better to leave this out, and instead start the resulting script as superuser. ) dump only tablespaces, no databases or roles. specifies verbose mode. this will cause pg _ dumpall to output start / stop times to the dump file, and progress messages to standard error. it will also enable verbose output in pg _ dump. print the pg _ dumpall version and exit. prevent dumping of access privileges ( grant / revoke commands ). this option is for use by in - place upgrade utilities. its use for other purposes is not recommended or supported. the behavior of the option may change in future releases without notice. dump data as insert commands with explicit column names ( insert into table ( column,... ) values... ). this will make restoration very slow ; it is mainly useful for making dumps that can be loaded into non - postgresql databases. this option disables the use of dollar quoting for function bodies, and forces them to be quoted using sql standard string syntax. this option is only relevant when creating a data - only dump. it instructs pg _ dumpall to include commands to temporarily disable triggers on the target tables while the data is reloaded. use this if you have referential integrity checks or other triggers on the tables that you do not want to invoke during data reload. presently, the commands emitted for - - disable - triggers must be done as superuser. so, you should also specify a superuser name with - s, or preferably be careful to start the resulting script as a superuser. dump data as insert commands ( rather than copy ). this will make restoration very slow ; it is mainly useful for making dumps that can be loaded into non - postgresql databases. note that the restore might fail altogether if you have rearranged column order. the - - column - insert


will make restoration very slow ; it is mainly useful for making dumps that can be loaded into non - postgresql databases. note that the restore might fail altogether if you have rearranged column order. the - - column - inserts option is safer, though even slower. do not wait forever to acquire shared table locks at the beginning of the dump. instead, fail if unable to lock a table within the specified timeout. the timeout may be specified in any of the formats accepted by set statement _ timeout. allowed values vary depending on the server version you are dumping from, but an integer number of milliseconds is accepted by all versions since 7. 3. this option is ignored when dumping from a pre - 7. 3 server. do not dump security labels. do not output commands to create tablespaces nor select tablespaces for objects. with this option, all objects will be created in whichever tablespace is the default during restore. do not dump the contents of unlogged tables. this option has no effect on whether or not the table definitions ( schema ) are dumped ; it only suppresses dumping the table data. force quoting of all identifiers. this may be useful when dumping a database for migration to a future version that may have introduced additional keywords. output sql - standard set session authorization commands instead of alter owner commands to determine object ownership. this makes the dump more standards compatible, but depending on the history of the objects in the dump, might not restore properly. show help about pg _ dumpall command line arguments, and exit. the following command - line options control the database connection parameters. specifies the host name of the machine on which the database server is running. if the value begins with a slash, it is used as the directory for the unix domain socket. the default is taken from the pghost environment variable, if set, else a unix domain socket connection is attempted. specifies the name of the database to connect to to dump global objects and discover what other databases should be dumped. if not specified, the postgres database will be used, and if that does not exist, template1 will be used. specifies the tcp port or local unix domain socket file extension on which the server is listening for connections. defaults to the pgport environment variable, if set, or a compiled - in default. user name to connect as. never issue a password prompt. if the server requires password authentication and a password is not available by other means such as


connections. defaults to the pgport environment variable, if set, or a compiled - in default. user name to connect as. never issue a password prompt. if the server requires password authentication and a password is not available by other means such as a. pgpass file, the connection attempt will fail. this option can be useful in batch jobs and scripts where no user is present to enter a password. force pg _ dumpall to prompt for a password before connecting to a database. this option is never essential, since pg _ dumpall will automatically prompt for a password if the server demands password authentication. however, pg _ dumpall will waste a connection attempt finding out that the server wants a password. in some cases it is worth typing - w to avoid the extra connection attempt. note that the password prompt will occur again for each database to be dumped. usually, it ' s better to set up a ~ /. pgpass file than to rely on manual password entry. specifies a role name to be used to create the dump. this option causes pg _ dumpall to issue a set role rolename command after connecting to the database. it is useful when the authenticated user ( specified by - u ) lacks privileges needed by pg _ dumpall, but can switch to a role with the required rights. some installations have a policy against logging in directly as a superuser, and use of this option allows dumps to be made without violating the policy. default connection parameters this utility, like most other postgresql utilities, also uses the environment variables supported by libpq ( see section 31. 14 ). since pg _ dumpall calls pg _ dump internally, some diagnostic messages will refer to pg _ dump. once restored, it is wise to run analyze on each database so the optimizer has useful statistics. you can also run vacuumdb - a - z to analyze all databases. pg _ dumpall requires all needed tablespace directories to exist before the restore ; otherwise, database creation will fail for databases in non - default locations. to dump all databases : $ pg _ dumpall > db. out to reload database ( s ) from this file, you can use : $ psql - f db. out postgres ( it is not important to which database you connect here since the script file created by pg _ dumpall will contain the appropriate commands to create and connect to the saved databases. ) check pg _ dump for details on possible error conditions. please use this form to add your


- used books - kobo ereading - staff picks - gifts & gift cards - sell books - stores & events special offers see all more at powell ' s recently viewed clear list six not so easy pieces : lectures on symmetry, relativity, and space - timeby richard feynman synopses & reviews no twentieth - century american scientist is better known to a wider spectrum of people than richard p. feynman ( 19181988 ) — physicist, teacher, author, and cultural icon. his autobiographies and biographies have been read and enjoyed by millions of readers around the world, while his wit and eccentricities have made him the subject of tv specials and even a theatrical film. the spectacular reception of the book and audio versions of feynmans six easy pieces ( published in 1995 ) resulted in a worldwide clamor for more feynman! more feynman! ” the outcome is these six additional lectures, drawn from the celebrated three - volume lectures on physics. though slightly more challenging than the first six, these lectures are more focused, delving into the most revolutionary discovery in twentieth - century physics : einsteins theory of relativity. no single breakthrough in twentieth - century physics ( with the possible exception of quantum mechanics ) changed our view of the world more than that of einsteins discovery of relativity. the notions that the flow of time is not a constant, that the mass of an object depends on its velocity, and that the speed of light is a constant no matter what the motion of the observer, at first seemed shocking to scientists and laymen alike. but, as feynman shows so clearly and so entertainingly in the lectures chosen for this volume, these crazy notions are no mere dry principles of physics, but are things of beauty and elegance. no one — not even einstein himself — explained these difficult, anti - intuitive concepts more clearly, or with more verve and gusto, than richard feynman. book news annotation : six " easy " pieces were published in 1995. now the publisher has dipped back into feynman ' s three - volume lectures on physics to present these somewhat less accessible lectures. while the previous six - piece collection tackled various subjects, this volume deals only with einstein ' s theory of relativity. suitable for students and determined lay readers who want to learn from the master teacher, renowned not only for his scientific contributions, but for his wit, and the immediacy and clarity of his explanations. annotation c. book news, inc., portland, or


determined lay readers who want to learn from the master teacher, renowned not only for his scientific contributions, but for his wit, and the immediacy and clarity of his explanations. annotation c. book news, inc., portland, or ( booknews. com ) the spectacular reception of the book and audio versions of feynmans six easy pieces ( published in 1995 ) resulted in a worldwide clamor for more feynman! more feynman! ” the outcome is these six additional lectures, drawn from the celebrated three - volume lectures on physics. though slightly more challenging than the first six, these lectures are more focused, delving into the most revolutionary discovery in twentieth - century physics : einsteins theory of relativity. " in these lectures, everything you ' ve ever heard about feynman ' s wit and genius comes through ". — john horgan, author of the end of science. " want to really understand why time slows, mass increases and length contracts as something approaches light speed, why space has just got to be curved and why it is not only impossible to predict the future, but actually there is no fortune teller who can even tell us the present? '... sure this is hard stuff — the cerebral equivalent of high - impact aerobics... but there is no better explanation for the scientifically literate layman... just do it ". — the washington post book world table of contents vectors — symmetry in physical laws — the special theory of relativity — relativistic energy and momentum — space - time — curved space. what our readers are saying other books you might like


to understand prairie star gallery better, it ' s helpful to know more about the city in which we ' re located. the mural above, by james starkey, might be a good place to start. james painted it in the main hallway of killian community college. founder tom killian is at top right. the mural, drawn in seven panels to suggest the historical indigenous seven councils, depicts the substance and spirit of sioux falls. beginning at top left, the buffalo hide painting recalls the land we call dakota as it was 200 or 500 years ago, before the mapping expedition by lewis and clark. the plains were alive with buffalo ; warriors protected their land and occasionally encroached upon that of their rivals. the mobile tipi allowed the bands or tribes ( some comprised of as many as 10, 000 people ) to move place to place on the vast northern plains, as necessary to accommodate the changing seasons and varying sources of food. the lakota are the namesake of the falls of the sioux river, shown spilling over the quartzite, or that served as the basic construction materials for much of original sioux falls. around the turn of the century, thousands of tons of jasper were transported by rail to chicago and other growing cities across the upper midwest, to make the first hard - surfaced city streets. the original " old " courthouse, top mid - left, was constructed a century ago from the quartzite quarried from several places around town, notably east sioux falls ( see " city " tab, above ). in 1889, the citizenry easily could see the courthouse ' s clock tower from anywhere in town. today, the old courthouse is a fascinating museum. the new court house isn ' t nearly as interesting, nor beautiful. below the court house, james depicts a stylized version of michelangelo ' s david, which is one of two copies in the u. s. that were created from the original. it can be seen at fawick park. like any other city in the country, sioux falls is populated with citizenry who range from prude to sophisticate, so the city fathers " positioned " david so modest folks weren ' t the center panel illustrates the people that make sioux falls the mini - cosmopolitan city we have become. we ' re a diverse bunch, with 31 languages spoken, publicly or privately. indigenous people make up approximately 7 % of the city ' s population. there is palpable discrimination, unfortunately, but we believe folks are becoming somewhat more educated. the city ' s festival of cultures is evidence that diversity


spoken, publicly or privately. indigenous people make up approximately 7 % of the city ' s population. there is palpable discrimination, unfortunately, but we believe folks are becoming somewhat more educated. the city ' s festival of cultures is evidence that diversity is being celebrated more than it is being lamented. still, perhaps once a week, someone will step inside our gallery only to gasp " it ' s an indian gallery ", and bolt out the door before we can allay their fears. we try to give folks a visual clue as to what to expect before they come in. james starkey created our storefront sign, that being a hubcap from a 1950 lincoln continental, painted in medicine - wheel colors, adorned with four from the root of a cedar tree. surely you wouldn ' t expect to find hummel figurines inside such an establishment, would you? photo below was taken during the holiday festival of lights parade downtown, one of many street celebrations sioux falls folks love to hold. continuing to the right on the mural, at top there ' s tom killian, addressing students or a city group as he so often does. he, along with mayor dave munson, and others, have the unenviable task of being visionaries for a herd of 150, 000 followers. it ' s a tough job, but somebody ' s got to do it. panel 6, bottom right, is the view to the west, along 10th street as it crosses phillips avenue. prairie star gallery is located just to the left of the yellowish piper jaffrey building on the southwest corner. it ' s easy to tell us apart. they ' re a stock brokerage house - - they actually make money. that ' s a yellow hummer parked across the street from the brokerage house. it hides our black ' 90 toyota camry, parked behind it. the final, 7th panel, is at the upper right. this panel leaves the materialistic world behind, as it leads us to a world of mystery and reunion, where we thank and honor all living creatures and the spirits of all who have gone before us and all who come after us. it depicts turtle island, our earthly home on the north american continent. beyond turtle island, the spirit world exists, not as a place of witches and goblins as some might believe, but as a world of beloved ancestors, from generations we do not know. it is the spirit world that differentiates indigenous cultures from our own, because the indigenous people truly believe in the continuation of the


s. africa, australasia to host world ’ s biggest radio telescope south africa, australia and new zealand will host the world ’ s biggest radio telescope capable of surveying the sky more than ten thousand times faster than before. the three countries provide the best location for the 1. 5bn - euro square kilometre array ( ska ) since they afford the best view of the milky way and host the least radio interference. the radio telescope will probe the early universe, test einstein ' s theory of gravity and search for alien intelligent life. the ska will combine the signals received by thousands of small antennas spread over a distance of more than 3, 000 km and create a superscope with remarkable sensitivity and resolution. it will target radio sources in the sky that radiate at centimeter to meter wavelengths such as clouds of hydrogen gas in the infant universe that collapsed to form the very first stars and galaxies. mapping the positions of the nearest galaxies, gathering new data on ‘ dark energy ’, and detailing the influence of magnetic fields on the development of stars and galaxies will be among the many abilities of the telescope. the ska will also zoom in on pulsars, the highly magnetized, rotating neutron stars that emit beams electromagnetic radiation. the ska project is a global collaboration of 20 countries aimed to provide answers to fundamental questions about the origin and evolution of the universe. construction of the ska is scheduled to begin in 2016 for initial observations by 2019 and full operation by 2024. members of the ska organization are australia, canada, china, italy, new zealand, south africa, the netherlands, and the uk.


get ready for hurricane season safety advice from the national weather service the national weather service urges everyone in hawaii to be prepared for hurricane season which runs from june 1 - november 30 every year. in 1992, hurricane iniki was responsible for five deaths on kauai and one death on oahu. unprecedented destruction of property occurred on the garden island with an estimated $ 2. 4 billion in damage. planning ahead could mean the difference between life and death. jim weyman, director of the national weather service central pacific hurricane center in honolulu, said, " it is important to remember that it only takes one hurricane moving in the right direction to cause extensive damage to any of the islands. all of the hawaiian islands are at risk for hurricanes. people must be equally vigilant and prepared each and every hurricane season. " be prepared before the hurricane season : - know the history of high wave and storm surge, high winds, and heavy rains and flash flooding in your area. - learn the location of officially designated civil defense shelters for your area. - check the condition of emergency equipment, such as flashlights and battery - powered radios. buy a noaa weather radio, available at most electronic stores, for 24 - hour weather information direct from the national weather service. - ensure that enough non - perishable food and water is on hand to last for at least two weeks. - prepare a survival kit for home use or to take to a shelter. use the list in your telephone book as a guideline. - be aware of the structural limitations of your home and reinforce your home against high winds. - obtain and store materials such as plywood and plastic necessary to secure your home. - check your home for loose and clogged rain gutters and downspouts. - keep trees and shrubbery trimmed. cut weak branches and trees that could fall or bump against the house. when trimming, try to create a channel through the foliage to the center of the tree to allow for air flow. - determine where to move your boat in an emergency. - review your insurance policy to ensure it provides adequate coverage. - individuals with special needs should plan ahead for their appropriate medical conditions. ultimately, everyone must take personal responsibility. everyone should have an action plan in the event that a hurricane strikes the islands. each member of the family should know who to contact and where to meet in the event of an emergency. for further information and assistance, contact the national weather service, the local civil defense agency, or the local american red cross chapter.


evidence is growing that trauma - focused cognitive - behavioral therapy ( tf - cbt ) is an effective treatment for sexually abused children, including those who have experienced multiple other traumatic events. this article reviews the research that has examined treatments for sexually abused children and suggests future research priorities in this regard. most of the studies that have evaluated tf - cbt have been well designed. this treatment model represents a synthesis of trauma - sensitive interventions and well - established cbt principles ( cohen et al., 2001 ; deblinger and heflin, 1996 ). trauma - focused cognitive - behavioral therapy was jointly developed by two groups of researchers who have recently worked together to conduct multisite, treatment - outcome studies for sexually abused and otherwise traumatized children. the therapy was developed to resolve posttraumatic stress disorder, and depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as to address underlying distortions about self - blame, safety, the trustworthiness of others, and the world. the treatment also fits sexual abuse and other traumatic experiences into a broader context of children ' s lives so that their primary identity is not that of a victim. core components of tf - cbt are psychoeducation about child sexual abuse and ptsd ; affective modulation skills ; individualized stress - management skills ; an introduction to the cognitive triad ( relationships between thoughts, feeling and behaviors ) ; creating a trauma narrative ( a gradual exposure intervention wherein children describe increasingly distressing details of their sexual abuse ) ; cognitive processing ; safety skills and education about healthy sexuality ; and a parental treatment component. parents are seen separately from their children for most of the treatment and receive interventions that parallel those provided to the child, along with parenting skills. several joint parent - child sessions are also included to enhance family communication about sexual abuse and other issues. most of the tf - cbt treatment studies have consisted of 12 treatment sessions. cohen and mannarino conducted two parallel, randomized, controlled trials for 67 sexually abused preschoolers ( 3 to 6 years old ) and 82 children and young adolescents ( 7 to 14 years old ), comparing tf - cbt to nondirective supportive therapy ( nst ) ( cohen and mannarino, 2000, 1998a, 1998b, 1997, 1996a, 1996b ; cohen et al., in press ). the nondirective supportive therapy consisted of play for younger children and child - or parent - directed supportive therapy for older children. the preschool study demonstrated the superiority of tf - cbt in improving pts


cohen et al., in press ). the nondirective supportive therapy consisted of play for younger children and child - or parent - directed supportive therapy for older children. the preschool study demonstrated the superiority of tf - cbt in improving ptsd symptoms ( including sexualized behaviors ) and externalizing and internalizing behaviors. these differences were maintained over a one - year follow - up ( cohen and mannarino, 1997, 1996a ). the strongest mediator of treatment response other than type of treatment was parental emotional distress. at one - year follow - up, the strongest predictor of positive response was parental support of the child ( cohen and mannarino, 1998a, 1996b ). among treatment completers in the young adolescent study, tf - cbt was superior to nst in improving depression and social competence at the end of treatment, and in improving ptsd and dissociation at one - year follow - up. ( cohen and mannarino, 1998b ; cohen et al., in press ). the strongest mediators of treatment response were parental support of the child and the child ' s sexual abuse - related attributions ( cohen and mannarino, 2000 ). deblinger et al. ( 1996 ) randomly assigned 100 sexually abused children to standard community care or tf - cbt provided to the child only, the parent only or both. this study documented that tf - cbt provided directly to the child ( in either the child - only or parent plus child condition ) was superior in improving ptsd symptoms, while tf - cbt provided directly to the parent ( in either the parent - only or the parent plus child condition ) was superior in improving the child ' s depressive and behavior problems, as well as in improving positive parenting practices. this was the first study to directly demonstrate the benefit of including a parental treatment component for sexually abused children. these differences were maintained during a two - year follow - up ( deblinger et al., 1999 ). deblinger and colleagues ( 2001 ) conducted a group randomized, controlled trial for preschool children, comparing tf - cbt to supportive therapy. each treatment was provided in parallel child and parent groups. because of the group setting and the young age of these children, gradual exposure was not included. this study demonstrated that tf - cbt was superior to supportive therapy in improving children ' s body safety skills and parental distress related to their children ' s sexual abuse.


ecological approaches to cognition essays in honor of ulric neisser edited by eugene winograd, robyn fivush, william hirst published april 1st 1999 by psychology press in the context of an emory symposium on cognition honoring the enormous contributions to cognitive psychology of ulric neisser, this book brings together ecological approaches to various aspects of cognition and its development. well - known former students and colleagues of neisser articulate their views on perception, memory, and culture. there is a strong developmental component, with chapters on infant perception, infant problem solving, and the cognitive profile of williams syndrome, as well as two chapters that consider philosophical issues related to cognitive psychology. contents : preface. part i : perception and its development. p. rochat, direct perception and representation in infancy. k. e. adolph, m. eppler, obstacles to understanding : an ecological approach to infant problem solving. j. r. pani, descriptions of orientation and structure in perception and physical reasoning. a. e. stoper, height and extent : two kinds of size perception. part ii : cognition and its development. e. j. gibson, epam to ego : a cognitive journey e. spelke, unity and diversity in knowledge. m. tomasello, the cultural ecology of young children ' s interactions with objects and artifacts. f. keil, k. lockhart, getting a grip on reality. c. b. mervis, the williams syndrome cognitive profile : strengths, weaknesses, and interrelations among auditory short - term memory, language, and visuospatial constructive cognition. i. e. hyman, jr., creating false autobiographical memories : why people believe their memory errors. w. hirst, d. gluck, revisiting john dean ' s memory. part iii : philosophy and education. r. n. mccauley, bringing ritual to mind. d. a. jopling, five kinds of self - ignorance. y. takano, how does an adviser influence a student? a case study.


guernica ( garne´ka ), historic town ( 1990 pop. 16, 422 ), vizcaya prov., n spain, in the basque region. it has metallurgical, furniture, and food manufacturers, and some tourism. the oak of guernica, under which the diet of vizcaya used to meet, is a symbol of the lost liberties of the basques. in apr., 1937, german planes, aiding the insurgents in the spanish civil war, bombed and destroyed guernica. the indiscriminate killing of women and children aroused world opinion, and the bombing of guernica became a symbol of fascist brutality. the event inspired one of picasso ' s most celebrated paintings. guernica is also called guernica y luno. questia, a part of gale, cengage learning. www. questia. com publication information : article title : guernica. encyclopedia title : the columbia encyclopedia, 6th ed.. © 2012 the columbia electronic encyclopedia © 2012, columbia university press. licensed from columbia university press. used with the permission of columbia university press. all rights reserved. publisher : the columbia university press. place of publication : not available. publication year : 2013. this material is protected by copyright and, with the exception of fair use, may not be further copied, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means.


cause of tooth decay an acid, which can dissolve dental enamel, is a combination of bacteria and foods like sugar, flour … remain on teeth that causes tooth decay and cavities. most cavities are usually painless, but they can grow very large, and damage the much softer internal structures of the tooth such as the dentin and the pulp, which is found at the core. if they remain untreated, they can kill the nerve and blood vessels of the tooth, and ultimately the tooth itself. another cause of tooth decay is the lack of enamel production, could be the result of calcium deficiency in your daily diet. tips for tooth decay prevention you can easily prevent tooth decay by taking steps to limit the bacteria and by having a reasonable diet. have good oral hygiene good oral hygiene significantly reduces your risk of getting cavities. get into a routine for brushing your teeth at least twice a day, in the morning and before bedtime. it ’ s better to also brush your teeth after meals and pay special attention on all the surface of teeth. it ’ s ideal using fluoride toothpaste. to clean between your teeth, floss or use an interdental cleaner. if you can ’ t brush after eating, at least try to rinse your mouth with water. after brushing your teeth, cleanse your tongue to remove bacteria as well. avoid frequent snacking whenever you eat or drink something other than water, you help your mouth create harmful acids that can damage your enamel. if you snack or drink throughout the day, your teeth are absolutely under constant attack. so try to limit snacking frequently or change to unsweetened yogurt or fruits which can benefit in many other ways. use natural methods in addition to brushing, flossing, you should apply the following natural remedies to help prevent tooth decay for healthy teeth. 1. green tea green tea is a natural source of fluoride is well known to work against the formation of plaque and cavities. according to some studies, it can even inhibit the growth of certain bacteria that cause bad breath. eating apples daily helps increase saliva flow and wash sugar from your mouth, thus reducing bacteria in the mouth. apple is considered the best tooth decay prevention fruit. you are advisable to eat an apple after meal if you can not brush your teeth immediately. cheese benefits in giving your teeth plenty amount of calcium and phosphorus which can help enhance the strength of your teeth and prevent tooth decay as well.


find more accuracy in the treatment of brain tumor by stereotactic radiosurgery stereotactic radiotherapy ( also called stereotaxy ) is a type of minimally invasive surgical intervention. it uses radiation treatment to deliver a large and precise radiation dose to the tumor area in a single session. this type of surgery applies a three - dimensional coordinates system to locate small targets inside the body. with the help of gamma knife, radiation beams are focused at the tumor from various angles for a short period of time. stereotactic radiosurgery ( srs ) can be performed by several other machines such as x - knife, cyberknife and clinac. it is used to treat brain tumors and other brain disorders that are difficult to be treated by regular surgery. this type of surgery works under three main components. the first one is stereotactic planning system ; it includes multimodality image matching tools. the stereotactic atlas is a series of cross sections of anatomical structure. in most atlases, the three dimensions are as latero - lateral ( x ), dorso - ventral ( y ) and rostro - caudal ( z ). another one is a stereotactic device or apparatus which uses a set of three coordinates ( x, y and z ). and the last one is stereotactic localization and placement procedure. this therapy works in the same way as other forms of radiation treatment. instead of removing the tumor, stereotactic radiotherapy damages the dna of tumor cells. in this way malignant and metastatic tumors may shrink more rapidly. stereotactic radiosurgery can effectively treat different types of tumors including benign, malignant, primary, metastatic, single and multiple. a study in 2008 by the university of texas m. d. anderson cancer center revealed that srs and whole brain radiation therapy ( wbrt ) for the treatment of metastatic brain tumors have more that twice the risk of developing leaning and memory problems than treated with srs alone.


world wetlands day 1998 in slovenia what is world wetlands day? at the 19th meeting of the standing committee, in late october 1996, world wetlands day was officially designated for 2 february of every year, the anniversary of the signing of the ramsar convention on wetlands in 1971, as an opportunity for governments, organizations, and citizens to undertake big and small actions intended to raise public awareness of wetland values and benefits in general and the ramsar convention in particular. this page is part of a series of reports on activities held on and about wwd ' 98 in various countries of the world, as reported to the bureau. if you should know of any other activities not mentioned on these pages, send us a note ( email @ example. com ) and we ' ll add it to this list. world wetlands day - report on activities organised in slovenia for the wwd the state authority for nature conservation of the ministry of environment and physical planning and the national ramsar committee organised a press conference and issued a poster and a leaflet. the conference emphasised the functions and benefits of wetlands and the aims and benefits of participation in the ramsar convention. the leaflet provides some basic information on wetlands and the ramsar convention. about 160 invitations were sent to different media, organisations related to water management, research institutes, faculties, and ngos. background information was attached to the letter of invitation. the event was announced already on sunday on the national radio - val 202. between 50 and 60 participants attended the conference. mr. robert boljesic was live on the air during the conference and the following media were present and reported on the meeting : - slovenia 1 - national tv ( information in the main daily news at 7. 30 p. m. ) - poptv - private station but received throughout the country ( information in the main news ) - val 202 - one of the three national slovenian radio stations - radio glas ljubljana, radijska postaja kranj, rtv koper - local radio stations - sta - slovenian press agency and journalists of main daily ( delo, vecer ) and weekly papers like kmeeki glas and dnevnik. additionally, rtv koper prepared an information at the seeovlje salina, the slovenian ramsar site, that is in a joint programme on the slovenian tv this afternoon, and more articles will be published in the daily paper delo ( the most read paper in the country ) and other papers. the conference itself was chaired by the minister of environment and physical planning,


streaks of condensed water vapor created in the air by jet airplanes at high altitudes. ( merriam - websters ) streamer of cloud sometimes observed behind an airplane flying in clear, cold, humid air. ( encyclopaedia britannica ) a visible cloud streak, usually brilliantly white in color, which trails behind a missile or other vehicle in flight under certain conditions. ( dod dictionary of military terms ) contrails can exist in two forms : water droplet and ice crystal. under what conditions do contrails form? the primary factors in contrail formation are air temperature and moisture content. they are usually seen at the higher colder altidtudes, but will even occur at ground level in antartica, sometimes causing a visibility problem for jets that take too long to take - off. contrails started becoming a common sight during world war ii, when bombers started flying at altitudes above 30, 000 feet. they can exist in two forms : water and ice. a water droplet contrail occurs when an airplane flies though cold and supersaturated moist air and the warm water vapour produced by the engine condenses into tiny droplets. under colder temperatures the water will freeze creating suspended ice - crystals. the following graph represents contrail data collected for houston, tx over several months. see the trail research report for full details. temperature and humidity ( degrees of separation between dew point and temperature ). red points indicate longer relative contrail persistence, blue shorter persistence. a contrail forms upon condensation of water vapour produced by the combustion of fuel in the airplane engines. when the ambient relative humidity is high, the resulting water - droplet and / or ice - crystal plume may last for several hours. the trail may be distorted by the winds, etc. ( encyclopaedia britannica ) what are chemtrails? streaks of chemicals created in the air by spray systems on airplanes at any altitude. chemicals are sprayed via planes for many purposes including crop dusting and mosquito control. also fuel is sometimes dumped to reduce weight before landing. but within the chemtrail observer community chemtrails are the product of an active large scale operation. chemtrails are said to vary from contrails in their length of persistence. what the hell is really going on? some people are reporting what they describe to be unusual activity in the sky, including jets leaving trails at low altitudes, spray lines creating x ’ s, s ’ s and parallel lines, lines that slowly spread to create


the hell is really going on? some people are reporting what they describe to be unusual activity in the sky, including jets leaving trails at low altitudes, spray lines creating x ’ s, s ’ s and parallel lines, lines that slowly spread to create a canopy of haze, and reports of unusual smells, tastes, and even illness related to the trails. also, a reddish - brown gel, dropped from low - flying aircraft, has been observed by people in the past and was even documented on unsolved mysteries. samples of this substance have been alledgedly analyzed by margareta - erminia cassani and found to be teaming with biological organisms. what would be the purpose of releasing these chemicals or biological agents? this must be decided by the reader for themselves. there are currently three main hypothesis : humans have had the ability to physically affect the weather since learning how to seed clouds in 1946, or possibly 1880. the popular conception of weather manipulation is limited to cloud seeding, but the possibility that the extents of our abilities may have progressed in the meantime is definitely plausible. the fact that the military is very interested in weather control is no secret and many propose that the chemtrail phenomena is a part of this. if true, what is the goal of the weather modification and what negative effects could it have on the environment? nasa is currently conducting several programs that are studying the effects of contrails on weather and the effects do not appear to be beneficial. the use of chemical and biological agents by a government against it ’ s own people is, unfortunately, a historical fact. even unintentional accidents can occur. but, some people suggest that chemtrails could actually be part of a program to reduce the population and many feel chemtrails have caused them to become ill and perhaps they are right. if the chemtrails contain biological agents then people already weakened by other factors may have even died as a result of the additional strain on their systems, but could such a diabolical purpose be the ultimate goal? history has taught that even the most unconscionable schemes can be made into reality by men filled with fear and hate, and with such weapons in the hands of government we must remain vigilant until answers are forthcoming. chemical and biological weapons have been used for centuries but have recently entered the world stage as a primary threat. biological agents have the ability to spread and multiply in casualties. these bioweapons are easy to produce and difficult, but possible, to defend against. the


have been used for centuries but have recently entered the world stage as a primary threat. biological agents have the ability to spread and multiply in casualties. these bioweapons are easy to produce and difficult, but possible, to defend against. the recent actions of the military to require anthrax vaccines for all service personnel show that this matter is of high importance. some propose that the government may be quietly releasing bioagents to vaccinate citizens via the air. this could account for reported illnesses since a vaccine sometimes makes a person sick. municipal water supplies might not be universal enough and could be easily sampled and tested, but everyone breathes the air. and the federal government rules the air. why would chemtrails be created in the daytime where anyone could see? since spraying is being reported day and night, it may be a necessity of the magnitude of the operation. also, if people noticed trails that only occurred under the cover of darkness they might be more inclined to become suspicious. but when unusual activity occurs in the sky during broad daylight it goes unnoticed because the human mind attempts to interpret things based on past experience, thus a chemtrail would be just a contrail to most. if they even bothered to look up and notice. why would chemtrails be created in such noticeable patterns? if jet planes are used to provide aerial spray coverage of a particular area, and the planes are leaving a trail, there are going to be unusual patterns in the sky. again, the human oblivious factor comes in to play to lower the impact of the lines. when did all this start? reports of chemtrails began slowly gaining momentum in 1999, and are increasing rapidly in 2000. there are reports and photographic evidence to suggest that some spraying was occuring as early as 1990. what evidence exists to support a chemtrail operation? no concrete proof exists and no govermental admissions have been issued for the chemtrail operation. it has been openly admitted by the pentagon that the u. s. military has performed many biological warfare tests on unknowing servicemen in the past, additionally the wall street journal and the washington post have even reported that civilians may have died as a result of exposure to live agents sprayed by the army and navy during biological warfare tests. there are thousands of reports and hundreds of photos. you must decide for yourself what they amount to. some people think it is just contrails, but many are saying that there is more, that something unusual is happening. new research indicates that there may be a


thousands of reports and hundreds of photos. you must decide for yourself what they amount to. some people think it is just contrails, but many are saying that there is more, that something unusual is happening. new research indicates that there may be a unique type of trail. using atmospheric soundings and flight explorer, the trails over houston, tx were observed, measured and analyzed. see the trail research report for full details. houston, tx 1 / 20 / 01 5 : 57 - 6 : 07pm : example flight explorer display. red indicates greater than 27, 000 ft, orange are lower altitude, and blue have landed. what countries have reports of chemtrails? who are the responsible parties? the largest number of reports seems to be from the us, followed by canada. several other countries have some reports, often noted by western visitors. since reports are coming from multiple countries, it seems to transcend individual governments. but with no obvious controlling body the answer remains to be seen. | country | | united nations | | nato member | | nato partner | what is a sundog, chemdog? why did i see two suns? these effects are all caused by the refraction of light. in meteorology, halo is the name given to a ring of light surrounding the sun or moon. this effect is produced by light as it passes through ice crystals suspended in the air. a sundog is an even more elusive natural phenomena, which, utilizes the hexagonal shape of the ice crystals along with a “ prefered ” horizontal orientation of the crystal ’ s flat faces. the sundog appears, as a bright spot of light, usually to the left or right of the halo, while the sun is lower in the sky. a sunring, chemring, or chembow is based on the same priciple but created in the haze of heavy daytime spraying instead of ice crystals. these chemical sunrings are quite large, probably larger than the water based 22 degree rings. the ring can appear as a 360 degree muted rainbow under ideal conditions. along the ring, a chemical sundog, or chemdog may occur. this has been described by some as “ two suns “. also a chemdog may be formed in the precipitation of particles from below a chemtrail. in this case the full sunring is not created, but the brighter chemdog is seen. what is an iridescent chembow? why did i see a rainbow in a cloud or chemtrail? this


a chemtrail. in this case the full sunring is not created, but the brighter chemdog is seen. what is an iridescent chembow? why did i see a rainbow in a cloud or chemtrail? this effect is caused by the diffraction of light. this is caused by cloud iridescence which occurs when sunlight is diffracted by water droplets to create an irregular - shaped rainbow. this effect can also be seen lighting up chemtrails with a bright blob of spectrum - colors. the term chembow is popularly used to apply to both the “ bow ” of the sunring and the rainbow - colored patch of the iridescence effect. perhaps more correctly applied to the former, as it actually is a bow. what is the deal with the black lines? dark lines or trails in the sky can be caused by a variety of things. sometimes even normal contrails can appear dark due to lighting effects or excessive pollution. many black lines are the result of a trail casting a shadow onto a canopy of haze below. it can have the appearance of proceeding the airplane if the sun is shining from behind. cloud cutting, the process in which a plane flies through a layer of cirrus aviaticus can sometimes create channels which also appear dark. what about the silver orbs? a rare but documented phenomena, silver orbs, which are also described as white or nickle in color, have been observed in conjunction with spraying. they are reported to hover in the general area of chemtrails and then leave. these may be advanced military drones involved with testing the components of the trails. sighting locations include california, texas and alabama. this information is from http : / / www. chemtrailcentral. com / chemfaq. shtml


you are here : rehacare portal. up - to - date. archive. city kids have more food allergies kids in big cities are more than twice as likely to have peanut allergy ; © panthermedia. net / children living in urban centres have a much higher prevalence of food allergies than those living in rural areas, according to a new study, which is the first to map children ' s food allergies by geographical location in the united states. in particular, kids in big cities are more than twice as likely to have peanut and shellfish allergies compared to rural communities. " we have found for the first time that higher population density corresponds with a greater likelihood of food allergies in children, " said ruchi gupta of northwestern university. " this shows that environment has an impact on developing food allergies. similar trends have been seen for related conditions like asthma. the big question is – what in the environment is triggering them? a better understanding of environmental factors will help us with prevention efforts. " gupta said some of her future research will focus on trying to identify the environmental causes. the study included 38, 465 children, 18 years and under, who comprised a representative sample of u. s. households. their food allergies were mapped by zip code. the key findings of the study : in urban centres 9. 8 per cent of children have food allergies, compared to 6. 2 per cent in rural communities, almost a 3. 5 per cent difference. peanut allergies are twice as prevalent in urban centres as in rural communities, with 2. 8 per cent of children having the allergy in urban centres compared to 1. 3 per cent in rural communities. shellfish allergies are more than double the prevalence in urban versus rural areas ; 2. 4 per cent of children have shellfish allergies in urban centres compared to 0. 8 per cent in rural communities. food allergies are equally severe regardless of where a child lives, the study found. nearly 40 per cent of food - allergic children in the study had already experienced a severe, life - threatening reaction to food. the study controlled for household income, race, ethnicity, gender and age. it tracked food allergy prevalence in urban centres, metropolitan cities, urban outskirts, suburban areas, small towns and rural areas. rehacare. de ; source : northwestern university - more about the northwestern university at : www. northwestern. edu ( source : rehacare. de )