by lisa murray - johnson, phd, the ohio state university medical center and ohio state university nisonger center “ we are grateful he ’ s alive. ” pat ’ s voice was strong, but you could still hear the heartache as she described the horrific fire that injured her son john and claimed the life of his roommate and a caregiver. “ he was burned over 18 percent of his body and fred and i knew it would be a long recovery. ” as a young adult with autism and other developmental disabilities, john recovered at the ohio state university medical center ’ s burn unit. i thought i was just having lunch with my colleagues pat cloppert and becky coffey. i didn ’ t realize how prevalent burn injuries were among young adults, nor was i aware that becky had cared for john. becky coffey, rn, cnp, is a nurse practitioner in the osumc burn unit. she said 68 percent of all burn and hot water scalds happen at home. these were the statistics from the national burn registry from 2001 - 2010, a database that records burns from such events as fires, hot water, hot objects and chemicals. the numbers were startling ; as many as 450, 000 people need medical treatment for burn injuries each year : - 44 percent of burns are from flame fires. - 33 percent of burns are from hot water scalds. - 9 percent are from contact with hot objects. and these are only the reported injuries. those who treat their injuries at home without a doctor or hospital visit are not included. it underscores the enormity of the problem. pat cloppert, bsfs, is an advocate and public speaker for family services and autism at the ohio state university ’ s nisongercenterfor developmental disabilities. her life has been to the service of others. but that day, she was a mom. we were three health professionals who were mothers. what if that had been my child? the safe signals project was born. the goal was simple : create a tool kit with a video, workbook and vinyl clings that would serve as everyday safety reminders. burn and scald prevention education also has the potential to reduce other household injuries and fires in the home. diane moyer, rn, patient education associate director, and fire fighter jaime sierra, a public education specialist with columbus division of fire, rounded out our team. we also needed young adults to help us with this project. it was meant to be a project by young adults, and for young


associate director, and fire fighter jaime sierra, a public education specialist with columbus division of fire, rounded out our team. we also needed young adults to help us with this project. it was meant to be a project by young adults, and for young adults. pat and her colleague jeff siegel, msw, social worker for aspirations ohio and also at thenisongercenter, helped to coordinate young adults on the autism spectrum to join us. together, we were each other ’ s teachers and students. there are so many moments that make the safe signals project special : justin rooney, our narrator, showing his gift of voiceover work, or alissa mangan and tommi lee gillard working to shape the dialogue of the video script so that it felt comfortable. or the moments when seamus mccord and tom robison worked through the kitchen scene finding humor in overcooked noodles for the macaroni and cheese. and zoe castro, our spanish narrator, graciously helping us navigate cultural sensitivities. we hope you find the safe signals toolkit helpful in looking at your own living space with a fresh perspective. most safety behaviors take very little time and money. from our homes to yours, we wish you safe living! - plan out safety behaviors for each task at home. for example, use oven gloves and pan lids to protect yourself when cooking. - practice safety behaviors and place reminders in each room to help you. - set the hot water heater or boiler to 120 degrees fahrenheit ( 48 degrees celsius ) to avoid burns. always turn on the cold water first, and then add warm water. - create a fire escape plan. if there is a fire, get outside and then call 911. do not go back inside. wait for help to arrive. - install smoke and carbon monoxide detectors where you live. test them each month and change the batteries every 6 months. note : pat cloppert, bsfs, contributed to this blog.


unlike christian or jewish holidays, there isn ’ t a universally accepted method to be exactly sure which day ramadan begin. in fact, there is significant debate among muslims in america about whether calculations or visual confirmation should be used to determine the exact date of islamic holidays. one school of thought on the issue follows the dictates of scientific calculations, which tell us that the new crescent moon should be visible tonight, signifying that tomorrow will be the first day of ramadan. others feel that an actual sighting of the moon is required to confirm the date, regardless of whether or not calculations predict it will be there. this group of people could start ramadan tomorrow or the day afterwards. as i previously mentioned, i am an unapologetic geek, so i abide by the calculations method. this, however, does not take away the significance for me of seeing the hilal ( crescent moon ) that marks the beginning of ramadan. so tonight, just after sunset, i will look just above and to the left of where the sun set to see with my own eyes what my heart ( and computer ) already know to be true : ramadan has arrived, and fasting begins tomorrow. click here to see all of our uplifting newsletters » about hungry for ramadanthe last update to the hungry for ramadan blog was in october 2007. we welcome your comments about ramadan and islam in general in our muslim forums. shahed amanullah, a frequent beliefnet contributor, is one of the country ’ s foremost muslim journalists. he has harnessed the power of the internet to spread a positive view of islam. amanullah is the editor of altmuslim. com, a muslim news website, and founder of halalfire media, a network of muslim - themed websites with more than five million annual visitors. through his work amanullah has tapped into a strong force of online activism. he lives in texas with his wife and two sons, and looks forward to the spiritual rewards of ramadan every year. - ramadan 2009 ( on beliefnet ) - “ hungry for ramadan ” recap - these are the days of eid - what a difference 30 days can make - the sweets of ramadan - making ramadan festive for children - the solitude of the suhoor – the morning meal - sharing the blessings of ramadan with the fast - a - thon - a golden opportunity to curb addiction - the story of the usps eid stamp


by malou navio, antipolo project coordinator project staff and cfca families in the antipolo project respond to the call to care for our mother earth by caring for our local environment through a program we call clean and green. clean and green enhances cfca sponsorship for our sponsored individuals and their families. the antipolo project uses ongoing training, lectures and discussion to incorporate clean and green into spirituality and way of life and to encourage families to consider the ecosystem. as cfca farming families learn irrigation methods for rice paddies and corn growing, more and more are gradually shifting away from the kaingin ( slash and burn ) way of farming. the families in urban areas promote waste management by reducing, reusing and recycling. to reinforce this practice, we do not use disposable cups, plates or utensils ; plastic wrappers ; straws ; and styrofoam during our activities. our sponsored children, youth, their parents and the aging in kapitbahayans ( small, caring communities ) devote one to two hours every saturday morning to cleaning up their surroundings, streets, canals and rivers. this contributes to disaster risk reduction. kapitbahayans grow plants and flowers in easement lots and open spaces to improve their communities. they cultivate these spaces for communal gardens of vegetables and medicinal plants. they can also share the harvest with neighbors. a tree - planting activity takes place yearly. most families plant the seeds from the fruits they eat. many sponsored aging friends love this activity. though they say they may not witness the fruition of the trees they have planted, for them it is their gesture toward repaying the food they eat without the effort of growing it. we have planted and nurtured thousands of trees. the ages of these trees range from younger than one year to more than 10 years old. they are growing in backyards, along the roads, rivers, in the parks, open spaces, foothills, watershed and shores in the communities served by our three subprojects. fifteen sponsored youth leaders with parent advisers are graduates of a comprehensive training on holistic environmental education. this training discussed inner - and outer - ecology, and cosmic ecology. they also learned about the making of bokashi balls ( click here to read more about bokashi balls ), an indigenous technology of effective micro - organisms that eliminates harmful bacteria from fresh waters. they facilitate the same training on weekends with the sponsored youth, children, mothers and fathers group leaders. the earth day celebration is one


chapter 6 : learning fads learning is a process that takes time and effort. mental health professionals have come up with numerous techniques that are meant to assist is learning at a quicker and simpler pace. there are four techniques they came up with. sleep - assisted learning is learning new material as you sleep. some studies have shown positive results but they did find that while fully asleep, people didn ' t learn any different from those who learn regularly. accelerated learning is using small techniques to allow yourself to learn faster than normal. these techniques are telling people they will learn more quickly, visualizing information, and breathing in a regular rhythm. discovery learning is giving an experimental material and asking the person to figure out the scientific principles on their own. discovery can help people to educate themselves and learn in a more thorough way. learning styles are one ' s own preferred means of learning information. ( holistic, verbal, analytical ). it can help to use the best way of learning for each person, but does not greatly affect learning all together. i wanted to blog about this because from experience, learning is a broad category. people learn in different ways. i ' m more of a straight forward learning that likes to be told the information but also see visuals. then i can go back and learn in more depth by myself. while it ' s always good to find new techniques to improve learning, i believe it is a mixture of different techniques along with the type of person you are dealing with.


selections from john donne ’ s death ’ s duel, a consolation against the dying life and living death of the body. converted to modern english, edited, and introduced by themb in the year of our lord 1631, john donne, dean of st. paul ’ s, left his sickbed and stood before the king ’ s majesty in his chapel at the palace of whitehall, there to deliver a lenten sermon. he spoke for an hour or so, taking as his text, psalm 68, verse 20 : he is our god, the god of our salvation ; god is the lord, by whom we escape death. he said something like this on that occasion. the old expositors looked at the final part of the verse ( god is the lord, by whom we escape death ) in three ways : first, it is in god ’ s power and it is often his will to give us frequent escapes and deliverances, even when we find ourselves almost in the jaws and teeth of death, and on the lips of that whirlpool, the grave. in this way of reading, the verse refers to those frequent, but temporary, evasions or deliverances from death which we all experience from time to time, and this is the most ordinary reading, and that which may be most obvious at first, the escape from death. but there is a second way of reading it common in the old expositors, that unto god the lord belongs the escape in death, that is, in the manner of our death ; regardless of the kind of departure we shall have out of this world, whether prepared or sudden, whether violent or natural, whether in possession of our right minds or shaken and disordered by sickness. of course, all of us will die, but the manner of our passing matters little for, howsoever they die, precious in his sight is the death of his saints ( psalm 116 : 15 ). and so, in this sense of the words, the escape in death, god sees to us in the hour of death ; the ways of our departing out of this life are in his hands. yet a third way of reading our verse is the escape by death ; that is, this god the lord having united and knit both natures in one, and being god, having also come into this world in our flesh, he could have no other means to save us, and he could have no other way of departing out of this world, nor could he return to his former glory, but by death


and being god, having also come into this world in our flesh, he could have no other means to save us, and he could have no other way of departing out of this world, nor could he return to his former glory, but by death. and so in this sense, his escape by death is our deliverance by death, by the death of this god, our lord christ jesus. the escape from death first, then, we consider that in all the deadly calamities of this life, we may justly hope of a good escape. consider that all our periods and transitions in this life are just so many passages from one death to another ; our very birth and entrance into this life is an escape from death, for in our mother ’ s womb we are dead, at least to the extent that we do not know we live. in the womb, we are dead to the extent that, as the psalmist says, idols are dead. in the womb we have eyes and see not, ears and hear not ( psalms 115 : 6 ; cf. mark 8 : 18 ).. of our making in the womb, the psalmist also says, i am wonderfully and fearfully made, and such knowledge is too excellent for me, ( psalm 139 : 6 ) for even that is the lord ’ s doing, and it is wonderful in our eyes ; ( psalm 118 : 23 ) it is he that made us, and not we ourselves, ( psalm 100 : 3 ) nor our parents neither. thy hands have made and fashioned me round about, says job ( 10 : 8 ). though i be the masterpiece of the greatest master ( man is so ), yet if you, o lord, do no more for me, if you leave me where you made me, destruction will follow. the womb, which should be the house of life, becomes death itself if god leaves us there. as soon as we are men, animated, quickened in the womb, though we cannot ourselves, our parents have to say in our behalf, wretched man that he is, who shall deliver him from this body of death? ( romans 7 : 24 ) and that deliverer must be he that said to jeremiah, before i formed thee i knew thee, and before thou camest out of the womb i sanctified thee ( jeremiah 1 : 5 ). eve had no midwife when she delivered cain, therefore she might well say, i have gotten a man from the lord, ( genesis 4 : 1 ) wholly, entirely


out of the womb i sanctified thee ( jeremiah 1 : 5 ). eve had no midwife when she delivered cain, therefore she might well say, i have gotten a man from the lord, ( genesis 4 : 1 ) wholly, entirely from the lord ; she might well say it is the lord that enabled me to conceive, the lord that infused a quickening soul into that conception, the lord that brought into the world that which he himself had quickened ; without all this, eve would have had to say, my body is but the house of death. but then this first escape from death, the death of the womb, is but an introduction into death, the manifold deaths of this world. we have a shroud in our mother ’ s womb which grows with us from our conception, and we come into the world wound up in that shroud, for we come to seek a grave. we celebrate our own funerals with cries even at our birth ; we beg our baptism with tears ; and we come into a world that lasts many ages, but we last not. god has given us earth for our material, to be made of earth, and he has given us earth for our grave, to return and dissolve to earth, but earth is given to us in these ways only and not for our possession. here we have no continuing city, ( hebrews 13 : 14 ), no house that continues, no persons, no bodies, that continue. this whole world is but a universal churchyard, but our common grave. that which we call life is but a week of death, seven days, seven periods of our life spent in dying, a dying seven times over ; and there is an end. our birth dies in infancy, and our infancy dies in youth, and youth and the rest die in age, and age also dies and determines all. nor do all these, youth out of infancy, or age out of youth, arise in the clean way in which the phœnix arises out of the ashes of another phœnix, but as a wasp or a serpent out of a carrion, or as a snake out of dung. our youth is worse than our infancy, and our age worse than our youth. our youth is hungry and thirsty after those sins which our infancy knew not ; and our age is sorry and angry, that it cannot pursue those sins which our youth did ; and besides, so many deaths, so many deadly calamities accompany every condition and every period of this life,


those sins which our infancy knew not ; and our age is sorry and angry, that it cannot pursue those sins which our youth did ; and besides, so many deaths, so many deadly calamities accompany every condition and every period of this life, as that death itself would be an ease to them that suffer them. upon this sense does job wish that god had not given him an escape from the first death, from the womb, wherefore hast thou brought me forth out of the womb? oh that i had given up the ghost, and no eye seen me! ( job 10 : 18 - 19 ) and not only the impatient israelites in their murmuring ( would to god we had died by the hand of the lord in the land of egypt ), but elijah himself, when he fled from jezebel, and went for his life, as that text says, under the juniper tree, requested that he might die, and said, it is enough now, o lord, take away my life. ( i kings 19 : 4 ) how much worse than death is this life, when good men would so often exchange it for death! but if my case be as saint paul ’ s case, that i die daily ; though that be true of me, i was shaped in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me ( there i died one death ) ; though that be true of me, i was born not only the child of sin, but the child of wrath, of the wrath of god for sin, which is a heavier death : yet, god is the lord by whom we escape death ; and, if no other deliverance would give more to his glory and my good, yet he has the keys of death, ( revelation 1 : 18 ) and he can let me out at that door, that is, deliver me from the manifold deaths of this world, the every day ’ s death and every hour ’ s death, by that one death, the final dissolution of body and soul, the end of all. but then is that the end of all? is that dissolution of body and soul the last death that the body shall suffer? it is not. though this be escape : it is an entrance into yet another death ; though it be an escape from the manifold deaths of this world, yet it is an entrance into the death of corruption and putrefaction, and dispersion in and from the grave, in which every dead man dies over again. except for that holy one


an escape from the manifold deaths of this world, yet it is an entrance into the death of corruption and putrefaction, and dispersion in and from the grave, in which every dead man dies over again. except for that holy one that he would not allow to see corruption, all those who die now and sleep in the state of the dead, must pass this posthumous death, this death after death, this death after burial, this dissolution after dissolution, this death of corruption and putrefaction ; when my mouth shall be filled with dust, and the worm shall feed, and feed sweetly ( job 23 : 20 ) upon me ; when the ambitious man shall have no satisfaction, if the poorest alive tread upon him, nor the poorest receive any contentment in being made equal to princes, for they shall be equal but in dust. even those bodies that were the temples of the holy ghost come to this dilapidation, to ruin, to rubbish, to dust. truly the consideration of this posthumous death, this death after burial, that after god has delivered me from the death of the womb, by bringing me into the world, and from the manifold deaths of the world, by laying me in the grave, i must die again in the putrefaction of this flesh, and in a dispersion of that dust. this is the most inglorious and contemptible vilification, the most deadly and peremptory nullification of man, that we can consider. god would seem to have carried the declaration of his power to a great height, when he sets the prophet ezekiel in the valley of dry bones, and says, son of man, can these bones live? as though it had been impossible, and yet they did ; the lord laid sinews upon them, and flesh, and breathed into them, and they did live. but in that case there were bones to be seen, something visible, of which it might be said, can this thing live? but in this death of putrefaction and dispersion of dust, we see nothing that we can call a particular man ’ s. can this dust live? this death of incineration and dispersion is, to natural reason, the most irrecoverable death of all ; and yet, god is the lord by whom we escape death ; and by recompacting this dust into the same body, and rejoining the same body with the same soul, he shall in a blessed and glorious resurrection


own death had those impressions in it ; he was reputed, he was executed as a malefactor, and no doubt many of them who agreed to his death did believe him to be so. therefore make no ill conclusion upon sudden death nor upon an individual ’ s reluctance or fear in departing. the tree lies as it falls, it is true, but it is not the last stroke that fells the tree, nor the last word nor gasp that alone qualifies the soul. still, pray for a peaceable death and against violent death, and for time of repentance against sudden death, and for sober and modest assurance against reluctant or fearful death, but never make ill conclusions upon persons overtaken with such deaths. god alone is the lord, by whom we escape death. our critical day is, perhaps, not the very day of our death, but the whole course of our life. i thank him that prays for me when the death - bells toll for me, but i thank him much more that catechises me, or preaches to me, or instructs me how to live. our security is in the word of the lord who said, do this and thou shalt live ( luke 10 : 28 ). but though i do it, yet i shall die too, that is, die a bodily, a natural death. god does not say, live well, and you shall die an easy, a quiet death ; but, live well here, and thou shalt live well for ever. a good life here flows into an eternal life. but whether the gate of my prison be opened with an oiled key, a gentle and preparing sickness, or the gate be hewn down by a violent death, or the gate be burnt down by a raging and frantic fever, a gate into heaven i shall have, for from the lord is the cause of my life, and with god the lord is the escape in death. and this is the second sense of our text, as this escape in death is god ’ s care that the soul be safe, whatever the agonies the body suffers in the hour of death. the escape by death and so, now we turn to the third and final way of reading the verse : god is the lord, by whom we escape death. this final escape is a deliverance by the death of another. now, at last. consider the end of the lord, the end that the lord himself came to, death, and a painful and a shameful death. but why


escape death. this final escape is a deliverance by the death of another. now, at last. consider the end of the lord, the end that the lord himself came to, death, and a painful and a shameful death. but why did he die? and why die so? as saint augustine, interpreting our text, answers that question, ( de civitate dei, lib. 17 ) because to this god our lord belonged our escape by death. what can be more obvious, more manifest than this sense of these words? he says. in the earlier part of our text it is said, he that is our god is the god of salvation ; or, as augustine reads it, the god that must save us. who can that be, says he, but jesus? for therefore that name was given him because he was to save us. and so, to this jesus, this saviour, ( matthew 1 : 21 ) belongs the escape by death ; having come into this life in our mortal nature, he could not go out of this life any other way but by death, to save us was to die. though he were god the lord, yet to him, to god the lord belonged the escape by death ; more cannot be said than christ himself says of himself : these things christ ought to suffer ; ( luke 23 : 26 ) he had no other way but death. that god, this lord, the lord of life, could die, is a strange contemplation ; that the red sea could be dry, that the sun could stand still, that an oven could be seven times heat and not burn, that lions could be hungry and not bite, all these are strange, miraculously strange, but super - miraculous that god could die ; but that god would die is an exaltation of that. but even of that also it is a super - exaltation, that god should die, must die, ( said saint augustine ), god the lord had no escape but by death, and ( says christ himself ), all this christ ought to suffer, was bound to suffer ( luke 24 : 26 ) ; as the psalmist says, god is the god of revenges, he would not pass over the son of man unrevenged, unpunished ( psalm 93 : 1 ). but then ( as it says in the same place ), the god of revenges works freely, he punishes, he spares whom he will. and would he not spare himself? he


, unpunished ( psalm 93 : 1 ). but then ( as it says in the same place ), the god of revenges works freely, he punishes, he spares whom he will. and would he not spare himself? he would not. says christ, if it be possible, let this cup pass ( matthew 26 : 39 ), when his love, expressed in a former decree with his father, had made it impossible. many waters quench not love ( canticles 8 : 7 ). christ tried many : he was baptised out of his love, and his love was not quenched ; he mingled blood with water in his agony, and that quenched not his love ; he wept pure blood, it seeped from his pores in his flagellation and thorns, and these expressed, but these did not quench his love. he would not spare, he could not spare himself. there was nothing more free, more voluntary, more spontaneous than the death of christ. it is true, he died voluntarily for love of us ; but yet when we consider the contract that had passed between his father and him, there was a kind of necessity upon him : all this christ ought to suffer. and when shall we date this obligation, this necessity? when shall we say that began? certainly this decree by which christ was to suffer all this was an eternal decree, and was there anything before that that was eternal? infinite love, eternal love ; be pleased to follow this home, and to consider it seriously, that what liberty soever we can conceive in christ to die or not to die ; this necessity of dying, this decree is as eternal as that liberty ; and yet how small a matter made he of this necessity and this dying? his father calls it but a bruising of his heel ( genesis 3 : 15 ) ( the serpent shall bruise his heel ). he himself calls it but a baptism, as though he were to be the better for it. i have a baptism to be baptised with, ( luke 12 : 50 ), and yet this baptism was his death. the holy ghost calls it joy ( for the joy which was set before him he endured the cross ) ( hebrews 12 : 2 ). and so, the lord was god, yet could die, would die, must die for our salvation. and now, consider one last point : our lord refers to his passion and death as a cup, and no worse ( can ye drink of my cup ) ( matthew 20 : 22


, yet could die, would die, must die for our salvation. and now, consider one last point : our lord refers to his passion and death as a cup, and no worse ( can ye drink of my cup ) ( matthew 20 : 22 ). if such a thing as death on a cross may be compared to a cup, then the chalice of his passion and death was freely raised in a toast to our escape from death. in gratitude for so many and great escapes, but especially for this last escape, the escape by his death, what shall we render to the lord ( psalm 116 : 12 )? there is only one reply : we must take the chalice of his passion and death, accept the cup of salvation freely offered and drink deeply. this is the third and final way of reading our text : god is the lord by whom we escape death. and so, having demonstrated how the god of power, the almighty father rescues his servants from the jaws of death ; how the god of mercy, the glorious son took upon himself our escape by his death ; and how the comforter, the holy ghost assures us that the escape in death is merely the entrance into everlasting life, the frail old dean of st. paul ’ s, retired again to his sickbed where, three days later, his own escape in death was made good.


my favorite : the fedex analogy to explain the osi layers, what each layer does and how they work together in protocol stacks. here ’ s the latest free tutorial, with embedded video of yours truly and my favorite analogy : the fedex analogy to explain the osi layers, what each layer does and how they work together in protocol stacks. enjoy! what is a mac address? the term comes from the institute of electrical and electronics engineers ( ieee ) 802 series of standards for lans and mans developed following the invention of ethernet lans by the digital equipment corporation ( now a part of hp ), xerox and intel in 1979. and people say xerox never does anything original! the first kind of lan, ethernet, employed a bus topology. the term bus comes from the latin word omnibus, meaning “ all ”. it is used in electrical power systems, where a bus is a thick metal bar used to distribute electricity to many circuits. cisco voip phone vulnerability : continuously monitor and record all sound in people ’ s offices, boardrooms and bedrooms a recent report of a cisco voip phone vulnerability is very disturbing. this is more serious than phone calls. if the network world article is accurate, its first paragraph “ vulnerability in its ip phones that allows hackers to access calls and call data ” should read “ vulnerability in its ip phones that allows attackers to eavesdrop in people ’ s offices, boardrooms and bedrooms ” – or in fact, “ continuously monitor and record all sound in people ’ s offices, boardrooms and bedrooms ”. the same day i came across this by accident, today, fourteen years later, i am getting bell fibe tv installed, which is exactly what i was talking about in the video clip! broadband high - speed internet service ( 25 mb / s ) with iptv over dsl over the phone line for content delivery. - eric coll | the term “ port ” crops up in ip networking, particularly in the context of rules in routers and software firewalls. one hears about “ opening a port on a firewall ” and “ tcp ports ” and “ udp ports ”. | so just what is a “ port ”, exactly? | | like about 40 % of the words in english after the norman invasion of southern england following the battle of hastings in 1066, the english word “ port ” is french. une porte is a door. | | of course, the french got it from latin : porta ( gate, door ). the latin


invasion of southern england following the battle of hastings in 1066, the english word “ port ” is french. une porte is a door. | | of course, the french got it from latin : porta ( gate, door ). the latin word portus ( port, harbor, and earlier, entrance, passage ) and the greek word poros ( journey, passage, way ) are obviously related. | | in the computer hardware business, a port is a doorway into the machine : a jack, where a cable can be connected. in days past, there were serial ports and parallel ports on pcs. today, we have usb ports and lan ports. technicians talk about connecting customers to ports on access equipment, for example, equipment with banks of modems. | | in the computer software business, a port can be thought of as a doorway into the software running on the machine, a passageway to a specific computer program running on the computer. | | why is this necessary? since there can be many computer programs ( a. k. a. applications, apps ) running on the same computer at the same time, when trying to communicate to a particular program, we require a mechanism to identify it, a way of telling the host computer to which program to relay our communications. | | for example, we all know that it ’ s possible to have multiple applications using the internet connection on a computer at the same time. think of an outlook email program and a chrome browser program running at the same time on a pc connected to the internet. | | when data arrives at this computer, how does the computer know whether this data is for the email program or for the browser program? and how does it convey the data to the correct program? | | the answer : every program is assigned a number called a port number. your browser is assigned port 80, for example. | | here ’ s how it works : the sending program creates a message and tags it with the port number identifying the program it wishes to communicate with on the destination computer. this is put in a packet that is tagged with the network address ( ip address ) of the destination host computer and transmitted. when the packet arrives at the destination computer identified by the ip address, this receiving computer looks at the destination port number and parks the message in a memory space associated with that port number. the program on the destination computer assigned that port number is constantly checking that memory space to see if there is anything new waiting for it. | | the result is the ability for a computer program


the message in a memory space associated with that port number. the program on the destination computer assigned that port number is constantly checking that memory space to see if there is anything new waiting for it. | | the result is the ability for a computer program running on one computer to communicate with a specific computer program on another computer. | | visiting our warehouse service a couple of weeks ago, i was struck by the analogy possible between the idea of computer ports and a multi - tenant warehouse, so whipped out my android smartphone and took a picture with the totally cool panoramic feature : | | the warehouse is analogous to the host computer. it has a single street address. it handles goods for multiple users. users have space allocated inside the warehouse. the warehouse has ( on this side ) six ports, also called loading docks. each port has a number. a user can be assigned a port, either temporarily or permanently. | | to communicate goods to that user, they ’ re carried in a shipping container ( ip packet ) on a truck ( ethernet frame ) over a road ( lan cable ) to the warehouse at its street address ( ip address ). to get the contents of the shipping container delivered to the correct user, the truck is backed up to the appropriate loading dock ( port ) identified by its door number ( port number ) and the contents of the container are unloaded to the space behind that port. | | in computer communications today, the port number is 16 bits long, and the source and destination port number are populated at the beginning of the transport layer header, layer 4 of the osi model. the world ’ s most popular standard protocols for implementing the transport layer are the tcp ( transmission control protocol ) and udp ( user datagram protocol ). | | hence, one hears of “ tcp ports ” and “ udp ports ”, particularly when configuring rules for packet forwarding on a router or firewall. when one “ blocks ” a port, that means that communication to a particular computer program is denied. when one “ opens ” a port, communication to that computer program is being allowed. | | standard practice is to allow communications only to specifically - identified ports and deny all other communications. | | the port number of the application and the ip address of the host computer concatenated together is called a socket in unix and ip and is called a transport service in the osi model. the result is the ability to identify the specific source computer program on one computer and the specific desired destination computer


address of the host computer concatenated together is called a socket in unix and ip and is called a transport service in the osi model. the result is the ability to identify the specific source computer program on one computer and the specific desired destination computer program on a different computer. | | i hope you ’ ve enjoyed this tutorial! this discussion is covered in the following teracom training courses : • instructor - led course 101 : telecom, datacom and networking for non - engineering professionals, lesson 12. 17 • instructor - led course 110 : ip, voip and mpls for the non - engineering professional, lesson 8. 25 - 8. 27 • dvd - video course v4 : understanding networking 1 • dvd - video course v5 : understanding networking 2, lesson 2. 11 • online course l2112 the osi layers and protocol stacks, lesson 8 • online course l2113 ip networks, routers and addresses, lessons 7 and 9 | not only will you earn 20 % of net proceeds from students who are referred from your site, becoming a teracom training affiliate adds prestige to your site, and may complement other content on your site or add to other training affiliations you may have, making your site in turn more valuable. | | there is no cost to become a teracom sales affiliate. there are, of course, terms and conditions that must be respected, including a minimum sales level that must be maintained to remain in the program. all of this is spelled out in the affiliate agreement that will be sent to you if you are accepted into the teracom affiliate sales program. | | for more information, please review the teracom affiliate information sheet. | | to begin the process of becoming a teracom sales affiliate, please complete the “ contact us ” form, stating that you would like to apply to join the teracom affiliate sales program, and include the address of your website. | | get started today! | how to use cellular as backup internet access when your dsl, cable or fiber internet dies | the internet connection at your office dies. lights on your modem are flashing in a strange pattern. you call the isp, and they quickly diagnose that the modem power supply has failed, and they will overnight you a replacement. presumably you are not the first person to have this problem with that modem. | | so how do you continue to operate while you are waiting for the replacement power supply? it ’ s hard to run your business without e


overnight you a replacement. presumably you are not the first person to have this problem with that modem. | | so how do you continue to operate while you are waiting for the replacement power supply? it ’ s hard to run your business without e - mail and ordering and administration systems, which are all accessed via the internet. | | if you want availability, you need two connections to the internet, so if one fails you are not out of business. we go over this in the lesson “ mature competitive carrier network : regional rings, pops and mans ”, slide 3. 17 of course 101, telecom datacom and networking for non - engineers, and mention it in pretty much every other course. | | a large business will be a station on a metropolitan area network, which is a ring, meaning two connections to the internet for that business and automatic reconfiguration in the case of one failing. but this is expensive … the second connection is not free. | | small and medium businesses usually have a single dsl or cable modem connection to the internet. when that fails, connectivity to email, ordering and administration servers is impossible, and many businesses these days would be “ dead in the water ” until the isp fixes the problem with their hardware. | | unless you have an android smartphone, a good “ data ” plan and a laptop with wifi running windows. | | the scenario described happened at our office last week. since many of our customers might find themselves in a similar situation - even at home - i thought i ’ d share the quick and painless solution i came up with. even if you ’ re not likely to need this solution, understanding how it works will no doubt sharpen your understanding of the devices involved and their functions. | | in this tutorial, i will use the technology in our office : 16 mb / s dsl, android smartphone and windows laptop. the solution is equally applicable to an internet connection using a cable modem or if you are one of the lucky few, an internet connection via fiber. | | for the smartphone and laptop, there may be equivalent functions on apple products, but as i am allergic to apples, we don ’ t have any in the office. i ’ m posting this tutorial on our facebook page, our google + page, or our blog ; i invite someone better able to tolerate apple products to leave a comment whether and how the iphone and macbook can perform the required functions. | | figure 1. normal network setup | | the diagram


page, our google + page, or our blog ; i invite someone better able to tolerate apple products to leave a comment whether and how the iphone and macbook can perform the required functions. | | figure 1. normal network setup | | the diagram above illustrates the normal network setup in our office, a typical configuration for networking at a small or medium business. on the left is the access circuit to the internet service provider ( isp ), terminating on a modem in our office. | | the modem is contained in a box that also includes a computer and an ethernet switch. this box is more properly called the customer edge ( ce ). the computer in the ce runs many different computer programs performing various functions : stateful packet inspection firewall, dhcp server offering private ip addresses to the computers in - building, dhcp client obtaining a public ip address from the isp, a network address translation function between the two, routing, port forwarding and more. | | in - building is a collection of desktop computers, servers and network printers. these are connected with category 5e lan cables to gigabit ethernet lan switches, one of which is also connected to the ce. | | when a desktop computer is restarted, its dhcp client obtains a private ip address and domain name server ( dns ) address from the dhcp server in the ce. the private address of the ce is configured as the “ default gateway ” for the desktop by windows. | | when a desktop computer wants to communicate with a server over the internet, it looks up the server ’ s numeric ip address via the dns, then creates a packet from the desktop to the internet server and transmits it to its default gateway, the ce. the nat function in the ce changes the addresses on the packet to be from the ce to the internet server and forwards the packet to the isp via the modem and access circuit. the response from the internet server is relayed to the ce, where the nat changes the destination address on the return packet to be the desktop ’ s private address and relays it to the desktop. | | the solution for restoring internet access after the ce died is illustrated below. | | figure 2. restored internet access via cellular | | an android smartphone and a laptop running windows were used to restore connectivity to the internet without making any changes to the desktops, servers or network printers. | | first, i took my samsung / google nexus smartphone running android out of my pocket and plugged in the charger


laptop running windows were used to restore connectivity to the internet without making any changes to the desktops, servers or network printers. | | first, i took my samsung / google nexus smartphone running android out of my pocket and plugged in the charger. then on its menu under settings > more > tethering & portable hotspot > set up wi - fi hotspot, i entered a network ssid ( ” teracom ” ) and a password, clicked save, then clicked portable wi - fi hotspot to turn it on. the smartphone is now acting as a wireless lan access point, just like any other wifi ap at starbucks, in the airport or in your home. | | at this point, the smartphone is the ce device, performing all of the same functions that the dsl ce device had been before it died : firewall, dhcp client to get a public ip address from the isp ( now via cellular ), dhcp server to assign private ip addresses to any clients that wanted to connect ( now via wifi ), nat to translate between the two and router to forward packets. | | just as the dsl ce equipment “ bridged ” or connected the dsl modem on the isp side to the ethernet lan in - building, allowing all the devices on the lan to send and receive packets to / from the internet via dsl, the smartphone “ bridges ” or connects the cellular modem on the isp side to the wifi wireless ethernet lan in - building, allowing all the devices on the wireless lan to send and receive packets to / from the internet via cellular radio. | | the remaining problem was that none of the desktops or servers had wireless lan cards in them, so they could not connect to the smartphone ap and hence the smartphone ’ s cellular internet connection. | | what was needed was a device to “ bridge ” or connect the wired lan to the wireless lan in - building. by definition, this device would need two lan interfaces : a physical ethernet jack to plug into the wired lan, plus a wireless lan capability. looking around the office, i spotted two devices that fit this description. one of them was my laptop, with both a lan jack and wireless lan. | | i fired up the laptop, plugged it into an ethernet switch with a lan cable, and in the network and sharing center, clicked change adapter settings to get to the network connections screen that showed the two lan interfaces. i enabled both the wired and wireless lan interfaces


laptop, plugged it into an ethernet switch with a lan cable, and in the network and sharing center, clicked change adapter settings to get to the network connections screen that showed the two lan interfaces. i enabled both the wired and wireless lan interfaces. then right - clicking the wireless network connection icon, selected the teracom wireless network and entered the password. once that was successfully connected, i selected the two adapters in the network connections screen, right - clicked and chose “ bridge connections ”. a message saying “ please wait while windows bridges the connections ” appeared, then an icon called “ network bridge ” appeared, and after a few seconds, “ teracom ” appeared as well. | | my laptop was now acting as an ethernet switch, connecting the wired lan to the smartphone ’ s wireless lan. | | each of the desktops, servers and network printers in the office had to be rebooted so they would run their dhcp client again, obtaining a private ip address and dns address from the smartphone ap, and be configured so the smartphone was the “ default gateway ” in windows. | | after rebooting my desktop computer, it had internet access over the wired lan, through the wired ethernet switch to my laptop, to the smartphone via wifi then to the isp over cellular. after rebooting the other desktops and servers, all had internet access again, with no changes to the configuration of the desktops or servers. | | this took about 20 minutes to get up and running, and we were back in business. running a bandwidth test on speedtest. net, i found we had exactly 5 mb / s connection to the internet via cellular. obviously my cellular service provider limited the connection to 5 mb / s in software - but who ’ s complaining? 5 mb / s is more than three times as fast as a t1, which cost $ 20, 000 per month when i first started in this business 20 years ago. | | i hope you found this tutorial useful, either as a template for your own emergency backup internet connection, or simply as a way of better understanding the devices, their functions and relationships. | note 1 : you must verify your billing plan for “ data ” on your cellular contract before doing this. i have 6 gb included, which means basically unlimited, and that includes the wifi hotspot traffic. make sure you have something similar, to avoid receiving a bill for $ 10, 000 for casual “ data ” usage. | | note 2 : as


6 gb included, which means basically unlimited, and that includes the wifi hotspot traffic. make sure you have something similar, to avoid receiving a bill for $ 10, 000 for casual “ data ” usage. | | note 2 : as always, this tutorial is provided as general background information only. we do not guarantee it will work for you. each situation is unique and requires professional advice to identify and resolve issues including but not limited to performance and security. this tutorial is not professional advice. but i hope you have found it valuable. | | note 3 : i might have been able to implement this without the laptop. if you ’ d like to know that, or what was the other device i could have used to bridge the wired and wireless lan in - building, or suggest how this could be done with apple products, please leave a comment. | mpls and carrier networks is a comprehensive training course designed to build a solid understanding of carrier packet networks and services, the terminology, technologies, configuration, operation and most importantly, the underlying ideas … in plain english. this course can be taken by both those who need simply an overview and introduction to the fundamentals of carrier packet networks and mpls, and by those who need to get up to speed and establish a solid base that project or job - specific knowledge can be built on. we ’ ll cut through the buzzwords and marketing to demystify carrier packet networks and services, explaining service level agreements, traffic profiles, virtual circuits, qos, class of service, differentiated services, integration, convergence and aggregation, mpls and other network technologies, and how they relate to tcp / ip without bogging down on details. you will gain career - and productivity - enhancing knowledge of the structure, components and operation of carrier packet networks and services, how they are implemented, packaged and marketed by carriers and how they are used by government, business … and other carriers. | please click here to see the full tutorial on its web pagel, with the necessary diagram … | | we ’ re getting ready to release another online course module at the end of march : l2014 " mpls and carrier packet services. " as a sneak preview, this newsletter ’ s free tutorial is part of lesson 11 " tcp / ip over mpls " from that module. note : you may find this tutorial a bit overwhelming, landing smack on your computer screen with no preparation, like a parachutist whose chute didn ’ t open landing in a cow field


##p / ip over mpls " from that module. note : you may find this tutorial a bit overwhelming, landing smack on your computer screen with no preparation, like a parachutist whose chute didn ’ t open landing in a cow field. in the online course module " mpls and carrier packet services ", there are ten lessons building up to this one. we ’ re actually going to be recommending at least two modules : " the osi layers and protocol stacks " and " ip packet networks, addresses and routers " as prerequisites … so that would be at least thirty - five lessons building up to this one. | so … if you are already familiar with the osi layers and protocol stacks, and ip packets and lans, you ’ ll find the following lesson easier to follow. if you ’ re not already familiar with those pre - requisites, then you might want to watch some other free tutorials first : video tutorial vt - 3 " packets, frames, addresses and routing ", video tutorial vt - 4 osi layers : the fedex analogy, and the " datacom and networking fundamentals " section of our free online tutorials. | | the following is part of the text and one graphic from lesson 11 " tcp / ip over mpls ". the online course module when released at the end of march will have extensive animations following along with a voiceover of the text. enjoy! | please click here to see the full tutorial on its web pagel, with the necessary diagram …


one of my favorite nutraceuticals is magnesium. long considered only a side kick to calcium, its full potential is rarely appreciated by the public. magnesium is the fourth most abundant mineral in the body, and a co - factor in over 300 biochemical reactions. it is vital to the function of the cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and nervous systems. magnesium contributes to maintaining healthy blood pressure, normal heart rhythm, strong bones, protein synthesis and energy metabolism. it is critical to the function of certain enzymes, the production and regulation of hormones and neurotransmitters, it supports the immune system, and is necessary for the proper contraction and relaxation of muscles. recent research finds that magnesium helps to improve sensitivity to insulin, and can be a deterrent to developing metabolic syndrome and diabetes. signs of magnesium deficiency point to other roles in health and well being. early signs can include loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, weakness, irritability, insomnia, muscle twitching, apathy, confusion, and issues with memory. as magnesium deficiency progresses signs can include numbness, tingling, muscle contractions and cramps, seizures, personality changes, abnormal heart rhythms, and spasms of the arteries that feed the heart. severe magnesium deficiency can result in low levels of calcium and / or low levels of potassium in the blood. it is well known that certain individuals are at increased risk for magnesium deficiency, through inadequate diet, excessive loss, and / or poor absorption. poorly controlled diabetics lose more magnesium through excretion in the kidneys. thirty to sixty percent of alcoholics have low magnesium levels, and up to ninety percent going through withdrawal are found to be deficient. magnesium requires uptake in the intestines ; therefore, individuals with chronic malabsorption, such as found in inflammatory bowel disease, gluten sensitive enteropathy, and intestinal surgery are at risk. chronic diarrhea associated with these diseases also increases the potential for deficiency ; and, illnesses that involve vomiting and / or diarrhea can temporarily lower magnesium. pancreatitis, hyperthyroidism ( over active thyroid ), heavy menstrual periods, excessive sweating, and prolonged stress can also lower magnesium levels. some individuals with chronically low blood potassium or calcium levels may actually have an underlying low magnesium level that will reverse with supplementation. older adults are at risk due to several factors : their diet is often low in magnesium, and as we age we absorb less from our diet, while


blood potassium or calcium levels may actually have an underlying low magnesium level that will reverse with supplementation. older adults are at risk due to several factors : their diet is often low in magnesium, and as we age we absorb less from our diet, while excreting more from the kidneys. in addition, seniors are often taking medications that will add to the problem. recently, the fda announced that prolonged use of acid - lowering medications, over the counter and prescription strength, deplete magnesium. other medications known to interfere with healthy magnesium levels include certain diuretics, antibiotics, laxatives and anti - cancer drugs. on the flip side, many antacids and laxatives actually contain magnesium, and excessive use can contribute to elevated magnesium levels. in addition, since magnesium is eliminated from the body via the kidneys, those with kidney disease need to be monitored for excessive intake of magnesium. signs of hypermagnesemia ( too high ) can be similar to hypomagnesemia ( too low ), as listed earlier in the article. as always, the best way to support healthy magnesium levels is through food. aim to eat a variety of vegetables, especially the dark green leafy family ( think spinach and swiss chard ), legumes ( beans, peas, peanuts and soy ), nuts ( almonds and cashews in particular ), seeds ( pumpkin, sesame, and sunflower rank high ), avocado, and whole grains. halibut, salmon and some fruits are also good sources. refined grains are low in magnesium, since the magnesium - rich germ has been removed. in general, magnesium levels in food are often lowered through cooking and processing. adequate calcium intake is necessary when consuming magnesium. this is easy to achieve with dietary sources, as many magnesium - rich sources are also sources for calcium. the following site is a useful way to search for the food sources of nutrients : http : / / www. nal. usda. gov / fnic / foodcomp / search /. the current rda for magnesium in adults is : males 400 - 420 mg ; females 310 - 360 mg ; pregnant females 350 - 400 mg daily ; and breastfeeding females, 340 - 360 mg. unfortunately, most americans probably do not get enough magnesium from their diet. in addition, too much coffee, soda, salt, or alcohol may be implicated in lending a hand in lowering levels. many people may benefit from supplementation, especially those previously mentioned at risk for deficiency


probably do not get enough magnesium from their diet. in addition, too much coffee, soda, salt, or alcohol may be implicated in lending a hand in lowering levels. many people may benefit from supplementation, especially those previously mentioned at risk for deficiency. studies also suggest or support a role for magnesium supplementation in asthma, diabetes, high blood pressure, fibromyalgia, migraine headaches, arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, noise - related hearing loss, osteoporosis, pms, restless legs syndrome, preeclampsia and eclampsia ( in hospital therapy ). in my practice i also find magnesium useful in helping to address constipation, sleep issues, fatigue, anxiety and stress. the chelated forms of magnesium appear to be better absorbed. of these, magnesium citrate is the most cost effective. magnesium oxide is cheap, but not well absorbed and can be irritating to the gi tract. since magnesium will relax the muscles of the bowels ( hence, its benefit in relieving constipation ) the main side effect to watch for is bowel intolerance, such as diarrhea or abdominal cramping. magnesium glycinate is a chelated form that generally does not affect the bowels. do not disregard the healing effects of the old - fashioned epsom salt bath, especially to relax muscles and aide in a restful night ’ s sleep. be aware that magnesium can interfere with the the function of some medications and / or increase the side effects of the drugs. appropriate doses and administration of supplementation should be discussed with your health care provider. be well. ann carey tobin, m. d., faafp, is a board certified family physician. her integrative medicine consultation practice, partners in healing, is located in delmar. she can be reached at 518. 506. 6303, by e - mail at firstname. lastname @ example. org, or visit www. partnersinhealing. info disclaimer : this information is provided for educational purposes only. please consult a medical practitioner regarding the applicability of any opinions or recommendations with respect to your symptoms or medical conditions.


smoke is in the air again. well, smoking, rather. the newest report by the surgeon general ( yes, they ’ re still doing those ) came out this week, and the 30th installment of this institutional dispatch ratcheted up the message. it ’ s not just a lot of smoking that will kill you ; the surgeon general ’ s office is now pushing the idea that even one cigarette is one too many — serious damage can start immediately, says the report. thursday ’ s report says there ’ s no doubt that tobacco smoke begins poisoning immediately — as more than 7, 000 chemicals in each puff rapidly spread through the body to cause cellular damage in nearly every organ. “ that one puff on that cigarette could be the one that causes your heart attack, ” said surgeon general regina benjamin. [ ap ] it ’ s not exactly a revelation that smoking is risky and get riskier the more you do it. however, this is the first in the long line of these reports to really press the points that have turned up in recent research, like epigenetic changes or immediate risk to the cardiovascular system. the root of the problem is that even small amounts of the chemicals in cigarette smoke cause rapid inflammation in the endothelium, or lining, of blood vessels and in the lungs. inflammation is increasingly blamed by researchers as a key promoter of blood vessel plaques and clots and in obstructive lung diseases like emphysema. “ the evidence on the mechanisms by which smoking causes disease indicates that there is no risk - free level of exposure to tobacco smoke, ” the report concludes. [ webmd health news ] benjamin ’ s 700 - page report also points the finger at tobacco companies for making their product more addictive. recent changes in the design and ingredients in cigarettes have made them more likely to hook first - time users and keep older smokers coming back, benjamin says. changes include ammonia added to tobacco, which converts nicotine into a form that gets to the brain faster ; filter holes that allow people to inhale smoke more deeply into the lungs ; sugar and “ moisture enhancers ” to reduce the burning sensation of smoking, making it more pleasant, especially for new cigarette users. [ usa today ] the new report from the country ’ s head doc should be another kick in the pants to the nation ’ s struggling smoker - in - chief, president obama. press secretary robert gibbs, when asked this week, said he hadn ’ t noticed the president smoking in nine months or so, and said that obama is resisting the urge


pants to the nation ’ s struggling smoker - in - chief, president obama. press secretary robert gibbs, when asked this week, said he hadn ’ t noticed the president smoking in nine months or so, and said that obama is resisting the urge to light up despite the stress of the presidency. incoming house speaker john boehner reportedly struggles with the cancer sticks, too. but neither the democrat nor the republican can hold a cigarette to the rolling stone. keith richards, the guardian reports, visited the new york public library a couple months ago and left dead flowers and disappointed librarians in his smoke trail. the guitarist had been given a tour of the premises, finishing with an invitation to sit “ backstage ”, in the office of marie d ’ origny, deputy director of the library ’ s cullman center for scholars and writers. when d ’ origny returned a little while later, richards was smoking a cigarette, the office window open, and according to the library ’ s blog, “ between the cold and the smoke, the little orchid never stood a chance ”. [ the guardian ] being a true gentleman, though, keith signed the flower ’ s pot ( which he ’ d been using as an ashtray ) before departing. 80beats : study : “ third - hand smoke ” sticks around & produces new carcinogens 80beats : study : ct scans could catch smokers ’ lung cancer early 80beats : electronic cigarettes not a safe alternative to conventional cigs 80beats : even discreet, conscientious smokers leave a trail of “ third - hand smoke ”


by rita r. robison if you ’ re like me, you ’ ve put on a few too many pounds recently and you ’ re worried about additional weight you could gain during the holiday season. what can you do to keep from gaining weight? here are some tips from the university of illinois extension ’ s dewitt - piatt - macon extension unit to help get you through the maze of wonderful holiday food : 1. be realistic about the holidays and don ' t try to lose weight. instead, concentrate on having a good time with family and friends. 2. eat before you eat. try not to wait until time for that special meal to eat. skipping breakfast and lunch can cause you to overeat. have a bowl of cereal, a piece of fruit, some vegetable sticks, or handful of nuts before arriving for the meal. 3. bring your own healthy dish. the host may appreciate it, and it can provide at least one healthy item for you to eat. 4. use pasteurized eggs for recipes that require raw egg with no additional cooking such as eggnog. 5. avoid excessive snacking. save your calories for the big meal. 6. be aware of beverages. alcoholic beverages, soda pop, punches, and other sweet drinks provide a lot of calories and almost no nutritional value. in addition, alcohol can lessen inhibitions that may result in overeating. 7. eat slowly and savor your food. take time to enjoy your meal. it usually takes about 20 minutes for your brain to register that you are full. eating slowly may prevent overeating. 8. eat lightly during the next meal if you ’ ve overeaten. it takes about 500 calories per day above your normal calorie intake to gain one pound during one week. 9. make dishes you ’ re preparing " healthier " by reducing the salt, fat, and sugar content. 10. keep food safety in mind when preparing turkey, stuffing, and food items if you ’ re hosting the meal. 11. find time to get at least 30 minutes of physical activity most days, including the holidays. physical activity can help offset some of the calories from holiday eating. good luck with your healthy eating holiday plan. we all need it because there are so many wonderful temptations during the holidays.


understanding roe, roc and irr with an example when expanding and investing in projects overseas it is essential to understand such things as return on equity ( roe ) and internal rate of return. using internet sources ( you may want to start with the websites listed below ) gather information on roe and irr. post a two to three paragraph explanation of these terms and the advantages and disadvantages of using them when selecting projects to invest in overseas. return on equity vs. return on capital return on equity definition keep your eye on the roe select two companies from the same industry. using the annual report information available on the company ' s website compute the roe for each company. this question has the following supporting file ( s ) : - fundamental analysiskeep your eyes on the roe. txt - invest faqanalysisreturn on equity versus return on capital. txt - roi guide internal rate of return - computerworld. txt this solution contain detailed understanding of roe, roc and irr with an example from the industry to explain the concepts. the solution discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each and how we can interpret the values obtained. this answer includes : - plain text - cited sources when necessary - attached file ( s ) - roe vs roc. doc active since 2004 extracted content from question files : - fundamental analysiskeep your eyes on the roe. txt fundamental analysis : keep your eyes on the roe chalk talk | investing basics | analyst | technical analy | fundamental analy | options / futures | trading | mutual funds | retirement dictionary entire site articles tutorials ask us term of the day learn the basics options & futures cfa ( i, ii, iii ) textbooks & software open an account goto your portfolio free trading kits keep your eyes on the roe by ben mcclure october 1st, 2003 printer friendly version it pays to invest in companies that generate profits more efficiently than their rivals. roe can help investors distinguish between companies that are profit creators and those that are profit burners. on the other hand, roe might not necessarily tell the whole story about a company and therefore must be used carefully. what is roe? by measuring how much earnings a company can generate from assets, roe offers a gauge of profit - generating efficiency. roe helps investors determine if a company is a lean, mean profit machine or an inefficient clunker. firms that do a good job of milking profit from their operations typically have a competitive advantage - - a feature that normally translates into superior returns for investors. the relationship between the company ' s


machine or an inefficient clunker. firms that do a good job of milking profit from their operations typically have a competitive advantage - - a feature that normally translates into superior returns for investors. the relationship between the company ' s profit and the investor ' s return makes roe a particularly valuable metric to to find companies with a competitive advantage, investors can use five - year averages of the roes of companies within the same industry. think of the pc industry : between 1998 and 2003, dell computer ' s highly - efficient direct sales, high profit - margin strategy paid off in terms of strong earnings and share price appreciation - - especially compared with rivals hewlett packard and gateway. the roe numbers reinforce the differences. dell enjoyed a whopping five - year roe of 46 % while hp ' s roe was only 12 %. over the same period, gateway ' s average roe was negative 2. 5 %! a company ' s roe ratio is calculated by dividing the company ' s net income by its shareholder equity, or " book value. " the formula is net income / average common equity * * total assets less total liabilities you can find net income on the income statement, but you can also take the sum of the last four quarters worth of earnings. shareholders equity, meanwhile, is located on the balance sheet and is simply the difference between total assets and total liabilities. shareholder equity represents the tangible assets that have been produced by the business. both net income and shareholder equity should cover the same period of time. how should roe be interpreted? roe offers a useful signal of financial success since it might indicate whether the company is growing profits without pouring new equity capital into the business. a steadily - increasing roe is a hint that management is giving shareholders more for their money, which is represented by shareholders ' equity. simply put, roe indicates know how well management is employing the investors ' capital invested in the company. it turns out, however, that a company cannot grow earnings faster than its current roe without raising additional cash. that is, a firm that now has a 15 % roe cannot increase its earnings faster than 15 % annually without borrowing funds or selling more shares. but raising funds comes at a cost : servicing additional debt cuts into net income and selling more shares shrinks earnings per share by increasing the total of shares outstanding. so roe is, in effect, a speed limit on a firm ' s growth rate, which is why money managers rely on it to gauge growth potential. in fact, many specify 15 % as their minimum acceptable


by increasing the total of shares outstanding. so roe is, in effect, a speed limit on a firm ' s growth rate, which is why money managers rely on it to gauge growth potential. in fact, many specify 15 % as their minimum acceptable roe when evaluating roe isn ' t perfect still, there are caveats that need to be considered. roe is not an absolute indicator of investment value. after all, the ratio gets a big boost whenever the value of the shareholder equity, the denominator, goes down. if, for instance, a company takes a large write - down, the reduction in income ( roe ' s numerator ) occurs only in the year that the expense is charged ; the write down therefore makes a more significant dent in shareholder equity ( the denominator ) in the following years, causing an overall rise in the roe without any improvement in the company ' s operations. having a similar effect as write - downs, share buy - backs also normally depress shareholders ' equity proportionately far more than they depress earnings. as a result, buy - backs also give an artificial boost to roe. moreover, a high roe doesn ' t tell you if a company has excessive debt and is raising more of its funds through borrowing rather than issuing shares. remember, shareholder ' s equity is assets less liabilities, which represent what the firm owes, including its long and short - term debt. so, the more debt a company has, the less equity it has ; and the less equity a company has, the higher its roe ratio will be. suppose that two firms have the same amount of assets ( $ 1, 000 ) and the same net income ( $ 120 ) but different levels of debt : firm a has $ 500 in debt and therefore $ 500 in shareholder ' s equity ( $ 1, 000 - $ 500 ), and firm b has $ 200 in debt and $ 800 in shareholder ' s equity ( $ 1, 000 - $ 200 ). firm a shows an roe of 24 % ( $ 120 / $ 500 ) while firm b, with less debt, shows an roe of 15 % ( $ 120 / $ 800 ). as roe equals net income divided by the equity figure, firm a, the higher - debt firm, shows the highest return on equity. this company looks as though it has higher profitability when really it just has more demanding obligations to its creditors. its higher roe may therefore be simply a mask of future problems. for a more transparent view that helps you see through this mask, make


. this company looks as though it has higher profitability when really it just has more demanding obligations to its creditors. its higher roe may therefore be simply a mask of future problems. for a more transparent view that helps you see through this mask, make sure you examine also the company ' s return on invested capital ( roic ), which reveals the extent to which debt drives returns. another pitfall of roe concerns the way in which intangible assets are excluded from shareholder ' s equity. generally conservative, the accounting profession normally omits a company ' s possession of things like trademarks, brand names, and patents from asset and equity - based calculations. as a result, shareholder equity often gets understated in relation to its value, and, in turn, roe calculations can be misleading. a company with no assets other than a trademark is an extreme example of a situation in which accounting ' s exclusion of intangibles would distort roe. after adjusting for intangibles, the company would be left with no assets and probably no shareholder equity base. roe measured this way would be astronomical but would offer little guidance for investors looking to gauge earnings let ' s face it, no single metric can provide a perfect tool for examining fundamentals. but contrasting the five - year average roes within a specific industrial sector does highlight companies with competitive advantage and with a knack for delivering shareholder think of roe as a handy tool for identifying industry leaders. a high roe can signal unrecognized value potential, so long as you know where the ratio ' s numbers are coming from. visit the wall street journal ' s center for entrepreneurs find out exactly what the world ' s best investors are buying and selling term directory : # | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k financial planning · stock exchange contest · tax information online · bad credit loan · term life insurance quotes site stuff : advertising · licensing · tell - a - friend · contact us · newsletter : " the # 1 way to learn about investing " more copyright © 1999 - 2004 - all rights reserved. owned and operated by - invest faqanalysisreturn on equity versus return on capital. txt invest faq : analysis : return on equity versus return on capital.. the email list.. what is it? subject : analysis - return on equity versus return on capital last - revised : 7 june 1999 contributed - by : john price ( johnp at sherlockinvesting. com ) this article analyze


capital.. the email list.. what is it? subject : analysis - return on equity versus return on capital last - revised : 7 june 1999 contributed - by : john price ( johnp at sherlockinvesting. com ) this article analyzes the question of whether return on equity ( roe ) or return on capital ( roc ) is the better guide to performance of an we ' ll start with an example. two brothers, abe and zac, both inherited $ 10, 000 and each decided to start a photocopy business. after one year, apple, the company started by abe, had an after - tax profit of $ 4, 000. the profit from zebra, zac ' s company, was only $ 3, 000. who was the better manager? i. e., who provided a better return? for simplicity, suppose that at the end of the year, the equity in the companies had not changed. this means that the return on equity for apple was 40 % while for zebra it was 30 %. clearly abe did better? or did he? there is a little more to the story. when they started their companies, abe took out a long - term loan of $ 10, 000 and zac took out a similar loan for $ 2, 000. since capital is defined as equity plus advertisement long - term debt, the capital for the two companies is calculated as $ 20, 000 and $ 12, 000. calculating the return on capital for apple and zebra gives 20 % ( = 4, 000 / 20, 000 ) for the first company and 25 % ( = 3, 000 / 12, 000 ) for the second company. so for this measure of management, zac did better than abe. who would you perhaps neither. but suppose that the same benefactor who left money to abe and zac, also left you $ 100 with the stipulation that you had to invest in the company belonging to one or other of the brothers. who would most analysts, once they have finished talking about earnings per share, move to return on equity. for public companies, it is usually stated along the lines that equity is what is left on the balance sheet after all the liabilities have been taken care of. as a shareholder, equity represents your money and so it makes good sense to know how well management is doing with it. to know this, the argument goes, look at return on equity. let ' s have a look at your $ 100. if you loan it to abe, then his capital is now $ 20, 100.


how well management is doing with it. to know this, the argument goes, look at return on equity. let ' s have a look at your $ 100. if you loan it to abe, then his capital is now $ 20, 100. he now has $ 20, 100 to use for his business. assuming that he can continue to get the same return, he will make 20 % on your $ 100. on the other hand, if you loan it to zac, he will make 25 % on your money. from this perspective, zac is the better manager since he can generate 25 % on each extra dollar whereas abe can only generate 20 %. the bottom line is that both ratios are important and tell you slightly different things. one way to think about them is that return on equity indicates how well a company is doing with the money it has now, whereas return on capital indicates how well it will do with further capital. but, just as you had to choose between investing with abe or zac, if i had to choose between knowing return on equity or return on capital, i would choose the latter. as i said, it gives you a better idea of what a company can achieve with its profits and how fast its earnings are likely to grow. of course, if long - term debt is small, then there is little difference between the two ratios. warren buffett ( the famous investor ) is well known for achieving an average annual return of almost 30 percent over the past 45 years. books and articles about him all say that he places great reliance on return on equity. in fact, i have never seen anyone even mention that he uses return on capital. nevertheless, a scrutiny of a book the essays of warren buffett and buffett ' s letters to shareholders in the annual reports of his company, berkshire hathaway, convinces me that he relies primarily on return on capital. for example, in one annual report he wrote, " to evaluate [ economic performance ], we must know how much total capital — debt and equity — was needed to produce these earnings. " when he mentions return on equity, generally it is with the proviso that debt is minimal. if your data source does not give you return on capital for a company, then it is easy enough to calculate it from return on equity. the two basic ways that long - term debt is expressed are as long - term debt to equity dte and as long - term debt to capital dtc. ( dtc is also referred to as the capitalization ratio. ) in


on equity. the two basic ways that long - term debt is expressed are as long - term debt to equity dte and as long - term debt to capital dtc. ( dtc is also referred to as the capitalization ratio. ) in the first case, return on capital roc is calculated from return on equity roe by roc = roe / ( 1 + dte ), and in the second case by : roc = roe * ( 1 - dtc ) for example, in the case of abe, we saw dte = 10, 000 / 10, 000 = 1 and roe = 40 % so that, according to the first formula, roc = 40 % / ( 1 + 1 ) = 20 %. similarly, dtc = 10, 000 / 20, 000 = 0. 5 so that by the second formula, roc = 40 % ( 1 – 0. 5 ) = 20 %. you might like to check your understanding of this by repeating the calculations with the results for zac ' s company. if you compare return on equity against return on capital for a company like general motors with that of a company like gillette, you ' ll see one of the reasons why buffett includes the latter company in his portfolio and not the former. for more articles, analyses, and insights into today ' s financial markets from john price, visit his web site. search the web powered by mywayinvestment faq previous article is analysis : risks of investments next article is analysis : rule of 72 category is analysis index of all articles sponsored linksget listed here free investing kit from american express sign up to get your free copy of " how to invest smarter, safer, better " from american express financial advisors. filled with pages of tips for both the novice and seasoned timingcube : up 900 % since 2000 - 4 trades a year join thousands of trend timers who have taken control of their financial future. if you are a long - term investor, timingcube can help you achieve your goals and dreams. try it risk - free for 30 days. fredhager. com newsletter : up 80 % in 2004 according to hulbert financial digest, fredhager. com portfolio a was up 187 % in 2003. hager is up over 80 % in 2004 through 5 / 28. long term investing since 1986. the investment faq is copyright © 2004 by christopher lott. - roi guide internal rate of return - computerworld. txt roi guide : internal rate of return - computerworldit management centerit management center -


. long term investing since 1986. the investment faq is copyright © 2004 by christopher lott. - roi guide internal rate of return - computerworld. txt roi guide : internal rate of return - computerworldit management centerit management center - help desk / user support - help desk / user support - it spending - it spending - project management - project managemente - business centere - business centeroutsourcing centeroutsourcing center - asp - asp - isp / telecom - isp / telecom - it services - it servicesroi centerroi centercareers centercareers center - consulting / contracting - consulting / contracting - education / training - education / training - hiring / recruiting - hiring / recruiting - workforce - workforce - skills - skillssearch / post jobssearch / post jobssecurity centersecurity center - cybercrime - cybercrime - encryption - encryption - disaster recovery - disaster recovery - firewalls - firewalls - hacking - hacking - privacy - privacy - security holes - security holes - viruses and worms - viruses and worms - vpn - vpnhardware centerhardware center - handhelds - handhelds - desktops - desktops - laptops - laptops - grid computing - grid computing - mainframes - mainframes - server - serverstorage centerstorage centersoftware centersoftware center - applications - applications - application development - application development - e - mail / groupware - e - mail / groupware - graphics / multimedia - graphics / multimediacrm centercrm centererp / supply chain centererp / supply chain centeroperating systems centeroperating systems center - mainframe os - mainframe os - unix - unix - windows - windows - linux - linux - macintosh - macintoshdata management centerdata management center - data center - data center - databases - databasesbusiness intelligence centerbusiness intelligence center - data mining - data mining - data warehouse - data warehousestorage centerstorage centernetworking centernetworking center - firewalls - firewalls - network lan / wan - network lan / wan - network management - network management - network os - network os - network protocols - network protocols - vpn - vpn - voip - voipgovernment centergovernment center - it in government - it in government - government policy - government policy - legal issues - legal issues - legislation - legislationmobile & wireless centermobile & wireless center - handhelds - handhelds - laptops - laptops - wireless


##government center - it in government - it in government - government policy - government policy - legal issues - legal issues - legislation - legislationmobile & wireless centermobile & wireless center - handhelds - handhelds - laptops - laptops - wireless technology - wireless technology - wi - fi - wi - fidevelopment centerdevelopment center - application development - application development -. net -. net - java - java - web development - web development - web services - web services - xml - xmlweb site management centerweb site management computerworld idg. net whitepapers _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ careers crm business intelligence development e - business erp / supply chain hardware it management mobile & wireless networking operating sys roi security storage web site mgmt outsourcing mobile & wireless jump to any - - - - - - - - - - business intell. crm careers data mgmt. development e - business erp government hardware it management mobile / wireless networking o / s outsourcing roi security software storage web site mgmt. business service mgmt this week ' s issue home > browse topics > management > roi roi guide : internal rate of return there ' s more to this story : > roi guide : economic value added > roi guide : the consultants ' offerings > where roi models fail > roi guide : balanced scorecard > eva shows outsourcing ' s payoff > roi guide : payback period > roi guide : net present value > roi guide : real options > three problems this story is part of a special report click here to see the entire report news story by gary h. anthes february 17, 2003 ( computerworld ) - definition : the internal rate of return ( irr ) is the discount rate that results in a net present value of zero for a series of future cash flows. what it means : it ' s a cutoff rate of return ; avoid an investment or project if its irr is less than your cost of capital or minimum desired rate of return. strengths : it provides a simple hurdle rate for investment decision - making. it ' s the method favored by many accountants and finance people, possibly the ones at your company. weaknesses : it ' s not as easy to understand as some measures and not as easy to compute ( even excel uses approximations ). computational anomalies can produce misleading results, particularly with regard to reinvestments. irr is the flip side of net present value ( npv )


understand as some measures and not as easy to compute ( even excel uses approximations ). computational anomalies can produce misleading results, particularly with regard to reinvestments. irr is the flip side of net present value ( npv ) and is based on the same principles and the same math. npv shows the value of a stream of future cash flows discounted back to the present by some percentage that represents the minimum desired rate of return, often your company ' s cost irr, on the other hand, computes a break - even rate of return. it shows the discount rate below which an investment results in a positive npv ( and should be made ) and above which an investment results in a negative npv ( and should be avoided ). it ' s the break - even discount rate, the rate at which the value of cash outflows equals the value of cash inflows. consider the three scenarios shown here ( see table ), each involving an initial investment of $ 1 million. the investment returns $ 300, 000 ( undiscounted ) per year in each of the five years after the initial investment, for a net return of $ 500, 000. a company evaluating this investment using cash flow discounted at 10 % would compute an npv of $ 137, 000, a decent but not spectacular result. but if the company evaluates the same investment at 15 %, the project has a present value of only $ 6, 000, essentially just breaking even, and at 20 % the project ' s present value is negative. the irr is a fraction of a percentage point above 15 % ; at that discount percentage, the investment ' s npv is zero. irr is often used as a hurdle rate, a sort of go / no - go investment threshold. gaylord entertainment co. in nashville, for example, has computed its weighted average cost of capital — a percentage that it won ' t disclose — and a " hurdle " percentage rate a few points higher. an investment ' s irr must generally equal or exceed the hurdle rate to be approved by management, says cio kent fourman. " we calculate the irr and then compare that to our hurdle rate, " fourman says. " and we compare that irr against every other [ project ' s ] irr, because you always have limited cash. " but the irr cutoff isn ' t an absolute test, he says. for example, management ' s subjective assessment of risk may influence an investment decision


against every other [ project ' s ] irr, because you always have limited cash. " but the irr cutoff isn ' t an absolute test, he says. for example, management ' s subjective assessment of risk may influence an investment decision, he says. " but if you can ' t show that irr exceeds our hurdle rate, then you ' ll have to have a lot of the soft justifications to get it approved, " fourman says. not everyone is as enthusiastic about irr. like npv, it doesn ' t measure the absolute size of the investment or its return. and because of the way the math works, the timing of periods of negative cash flow can affect the value of irr without accurately reflecting the underlying performance of irr can also produce misleading results because, as classically defined, it assumes that the cash returned from an investment is reinvested at the same percentage rate, which may not be realistic. that error is magnified when comparing two investments of different durations. some software, such as microsoft excel, will compute an optional " modified irr " that allows the user to specify a different reinvestment rate. irr becomes increasingly misleading the more it diverges from the cost of capital, says ian campbell, chief research officer at nucleus research inc. in wellesley, mass. " irr is a terrible metric, and it should never be used, " he asserts. the key metric for it projects, campbell says, is payback period, because it favors short - term, and hence less risky, projects that it should be internal rate of return : what it looks like discount rate : 10 % discount rate : 15 % discount rate : 20 % 0 - $ 1 million1. 000 - $ 1 million1. 000 - $ 1 million1. 000 - $ 1 total + $ 500, 000npv = + $ 137, 000npv = + $ 6, 000npv = irr = slightly more than 15 % irr is often used as a hurdle rate, a sort of go / no - go investment threshold. in this example, there is an initial investment of $ 1 million, with a net ( undiscounted ) return of $ 500, 000. the npv of the $ 1 million outlay depends on the discount rate, or cost of capital, used to evaluate the investment. the npv is zero at the irr, here a fraction of a percentage point above 15 %. subscribe to our it management / leadership e -


outlay depends on the discount rate, or cost of capital, used to evaluate the investment. the npv is zero at the irr, here a fraction of a percentage point above 15 %. subscribe to our it management / leadership e - mail newsletter : also in the roi knowledge center news | discussions | buyers ' guides | resource links | white papers | it spending analysis | mobile channel | e - mail newsletters > roi xml feed > xml feed faq roi white papers read up on the latest ideas and technologies from companies that sell hardware, software and services. san performance monitoring is essential to maintaining san uptime : nas cluster white paper : windows file serving white paper : fdc white paper : “ flexible database clusters with ibm eserver realizing the mobile enterprise with 2. 5g wireless solutions view roi whitepapers this idc white paper demonstrates growth in value of distributed applications accessed over the web, especially for ecommerce applications, and analyses the requirements needed for performance management of distributed applications in today ' s complex distributed applications performance management : the veritas i3 the enterprise unwired learn about global trends in wireless technologies, and hear some real - world examples of the ways forward - thinking companies are taking advantage of wireless technologies, in this exclusive make a credible case for spending money on it security email viruses, worms ; hacking attacks ; and the difficulties of keeping up with patch management tasks and other protective measures, has forced every company to be concerned about information security. learn more. unburden your primary storage learn how. free nearline storage white mobilize your enterprise for success new webcast free guide how to web - enable bpm apps in just weeks, not months hp workstations at pc prices xtreme machines for xtreme users. click here or call 1 - 888 - 367 - 2402 improve it efficiency. windows server system makes it possible. the ip migration a wake - up call securing your website for business looking for mission - critical server click for cost - effective intel® enterprise solutions envoyworldwide white paper : ' shattering the myths of automated enterprise grid alliance helping make grid computing work for you scalable. affordable. reliable. ibm eserver xseries systems with intel® dell has everything you need to build a scalable enterprise now. reprints site map copyright © 2004 computerworld inc. all rights reserved. reproduction in whole or in part in any form or medium without express written permission of computerworld inc. is prohibited. computerworld and computerworld. com and the


marchmont home, belleville, ontario. a group of boys from miss macpherson ' s home ( london, england ). april 1922. photograph : canadian government motion picture bureau, library and archives canada c - 034837. public domain. today the australia government is apologizing to the " forgotten australians " - those who as children were in government homes between 1930 and 1970. [ " ordeal of australia ' s child migrants " by nick bryant. bbc news, australia, published sunday, 15 november 2009. ] this includes many sent from great britain to australia as child migrants in a great number of organized emigration schemes supported by governments and other agencies. thousands of british children were also sent to other parts of the commonwealth, including canada and south africa and there have been calls for some time for other governments to apologize, including the british and canadian governments. i was surprised myself to see the comments attributed to alykhan velshi, spokesman for immigration minister jason kenney, saying that the child migrants ' experience was " different " in canada. [ " canada won ' t apologize to british home children " by gloria galloway, with a report from the associated press. globe and mail, published monday, nov. 16, 2009. see also " canada shows no sign of apology to migrant children " by tiffany crawford, canwest news service. published global news, monday, november 16, 2009 ] it appears that the british government is seriously considering an apology, but that canada will not, although canada may be willing to approve some kind of commemoration. right now, there is a bill in the canadian parliament to have 2010 designated as the year of the british home child in canada which, according to information in the globe and mail today, canada ' s immigration minister jason kenney supports and according to global news, alykhan velshi, spokesperson for the minister, has said the request for a canadian stamp honouring the home children has been approved. from the 1860s to the 1940s, some 100, 000 children were sent as ' child migrants ' to canada. here they were known as ' home children ' - the term used by most researchers in canada today. certainly not all were treated badly in canada, but even those who found new and happy homes, usually lost their connection to family in britain, or in some cases, even to other family in canada - siblings were often separated - a loss which many regretted and which their descendants are still working to correct. since this is a topic of interest to many in canada and now is in the news


, or in some cases, even to other family in canada - siblings were often separated - a loss which many regretted and which their descendants are still working to correct. since this is a topic of interest to many in canada and now is in the news, i ' m including here a selected list of sources of information and a very selective timeline. the primary research and information website now is the british home children descendants site. my list is not exhaustive, but is meant to get you started if you are interested in this aspect of canadian history, or if you are descended, or connected, as i am to a ' canadian home child '. books – most available at the british columbia genealogical society ' s walter draycott library. new lives for old : the story of britain ’ s child migrants by roger kershaw and janet sacks ( kew, richmond, surrey, england : the national archives, 2008 ). researching canada ' s home children by john d reid ( toronto : heritage books, 2005, with the british isles family history society of greater ottawa ). the golden bridge, young immigrants to canada 1833 - 1939 by marjorie kohli ( toronto : dundurn press, 2003 ). the quarriers story, one man ' s vision which gave over 40, 000 children a new life by anna magnusson ( toronto : dundurn press, 2006 ). the little immigrants : the orphans who came to canada by kenneth bagnell ( toronto : macmillan of canada, 1980 ). the home children edited by phyllis harrison ( winnipeg, manitoba : watson & dwyer publishing ltd., 1979 ). barnardo children in canada by gail h. corbett ( peterborough, ontario : woodland publishing, 1981 ). “ shipped to canada ” by janet sacks, who do you think you are? july 2008, pp. 26 - 31. “ tracing child migrant ancestors ” by roger kershaw, who do you think you are? july 2008, pp. 32 - 33, ‘ home children ’ feature, anglo - celtic roots, british isles family history society of greater ottawa, summer 2008. includes “ the bifhsgo - lac home children program by john sayers, “ remembering brockville ’ s scottish orphans ” by carol arnett, “ henry gilchrist : a quarriers home child ” by bryan d. cook and “ john harold russell : a home child success ” by joyce c. fingland. “ finding dorothy ” by judy hassall, the british columbia genealogist, march 2007, pp. 35