riley - day syndrome is an inherited disorder that affects nerves throughout the body. familial dysautonomia ; hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy - type iii ( hsan iii ) causes, incidence, and risk factors riley - day syndrome is passed down through families ( inherited ). a person must inherit a copy of the defective gene from each parent to develop the condition. this condition is seen most often in people of eastern european jewish ancestry ( ashkenazi jews ). the disease is caused by a change ( mutation ) of the ikbkap gene on chromosome 9. it is rare in the general population. breath holding spells ( can lose consciousness ) decrease in sense of taste inability to feel pain and changes in temperature ( can lead to injuries ) call your doctor if symptoms change or get worse. a genetic counselor can help teach you about the condition and direct you to support groups in your area. genetic dna testing is very accurate for riley - day syndrome. it may be used for diagnosing people with the condition or who carry the gene. it can also be used for prenatal diagnosis. people of eastern european jewish background and families with a history of riley - day syndrome may wish to seek genetic counseling if they are thinking of having children. katirji b, koontz d. disorders of peripheral nerves. in : daroff rb, fenichel gm, jankovic j, mazziotta jc, eds. bradley ’ s neurology in clinical practice. 6th ed. philadelphia, pa : saunders elsevier ; 2012 : chap 76. klein cj. the inherited neuropathies. neurol clin. 2007 ; 25 : 173 - 207. chad haldeman - englert, md, facmg, wake forest school of medicine, department of pediatrics, section on medical genetics, winston - salem, nc. review provided by verimed healthcare network. also reviewed by a. d. a. m. health solutions, ebix, inc., editorial team : david zieve, md, mha, david r. eltz, stephanie slon, and nissi wang.


in the 1960s, when women in the united states sought the ever - elusive proverbial voice, there was one woman in a jungle crying out to be heard. ironically, when the fiercely independent doris “ lucki ” allen volunteered for service in vietnam at the age of 40, her life and work began to personify the second wave of the feminist movement. she was a rare breed of female for her time, self - actualized with a bachelor ’ s degree from the tuskegee institute [ now tuskegee university ] ; allen was an african - american aspiring to reach her full human capacities. in many ways she embodied the empowered woman that betty friedan would herald with the 1963 publication of “ the feminine mystique. ” but despite her accomplishments and years of specialized military training, when she arrived in long binh as an enlisted, spc. 7 intelligence analyst in the women ’ s army corps, or wac, allen found herself faced with the same struggle susie housewife endured on the home front — the struggle for women ’ s equality and the search for a voice. “ when i first got to vietnam it was a matter of ‘ you women shouldn ’ t be here in the first place, now we have to protect you, ’ ” said allen. “ they didn ’ t like us being there. the nurses were fine because they were in a traditionally feminine role. men would say, ‘ we need the nurses. ’ but here come these other women, taking up the good jobs that the men had comfortably sitting behind a desk. ” the wac, a women ’ s branch of the u. s. army, was created may 15, 1942 and disbanded in 1978. although records are sketchy, roughly 700 wacs served in vietnam, but at peak strength, only 20 officers and 139 enlisted were in vietnam at one time. the majority of women were in clerk - typist positions, but other women served in journalism, communications, personnel, finance, automated data processing and intelligence. while women in the states burned their bras in the name of women ’ s liberation, allen ’ s efforts in support of anti - communist forces took on a pivotal role with the tet offensive. three months after arriving in long binh, allen began advising supervisors of a potential large - scale attack planned for january 31, 1968. her report “ 50, 000 chinese, ” which referred to the amassing troops as chinese instead of viet cong, fell on deaf ears. the report was submitted 30 days prior to the tet offensive


- scale attack planned for january 31, 1968. her report “ 50, 000 chinese, ” which referred to the amassing troops as chinese instead of viet cong, fell on deaf ears. the report was submitted 30 days prior to the tet offensive, which occurred january 30, 1968, and is today remembered as a major intelligence failure of the war. in “ a piece of my heart, ” a collection of stories recounting women ’ s experiences in vietnam, allen said “ i guess the thing that really sticks about vietnam is knowing you give them reliable and valid intelligence, but biases can creep through. there are a lot of things that they might have been biased about with me. i was a specialist as opposed to being a sergeant. i was black instead of being something else. i was enlisted instead of being an officer — especially in the milieu [ army operations center ] where there were only two enlisted people, and i was a wac. ” allen believes that people are going to be people when it comes to bias. she learned to be aware of prejudice, to recognize bias and always know it was “ them ” and not her. “ i asked myself why they weren ’ t listening and why i wasn ’ t being heard ” she said. “ i just recently came up with the reason they didn ’ t believe me — they weren ’ t prepared for me. they didn ’ t know how to look beyond the wac, black woman in military intelligence. i can ’ t blame them. i don ’ t feel bitter. ” when asked what advice she would give to a young female soldier today, allen said, “ first and foremost, she must respect herself. she has to be aggressively assertive. ” like life ’ s happiness itself, allen said “ you can ’ t always do it alone, but no one can do it for you, ” emphasizing that women must also do their best to be team players. allen currently lives in oakland, calif. she retired as a chief warrant officer after 30 years of military service and three bronze stars. she holds a ph. d. in psychology and was inducted into the military intelligence hall of fame at fort huachuca in 2009.


cattle to camels : insights into adaptation, conflict and co - operation from borana communities adapting to changing weather patterns in the horn of africa associated organization : nr international and community initiative facilitation and assistance ( cifa ) climate change is giving rise to new scenarios requiring not only new coping mechanisms, but alternative livelihoods and most dramatically, refined social systems. this project is one of three related studies proposed to look at : borana communities that have shifted from centuries old socio - cultural cattle pastoralism to new livelihoods dependent on the camel. the other two studies will look at : agro - pastoralist communities in borana areas that are shifting to pastoralism ; and how borana peoples are negotiating peace around the principal of temporary, asymmetric and sustainable sharing of contested resources, and respect for the fundamental right of stricken people and their animals to survive. borana cattle are an intrinsic part of the social organization of these pastoral communities who hold indigenous knowledge around a unique migration between the 500 year old deep tula well complexes on the ethiopian plateau and seasonal grazing lands on the north kenyan plains. cattle value comprises : functions ( e. g. traction power ), outputs ( e. g. manure, milk ), services ( e. g. dowry, status of wealth ) associated with keeping cattle, and trade in markets. the borana cattle are the predominant traditional breed on the semiarid southern borana plateau of ethiopia and in the northern kenyan lowlands. the borana plateau is nowadays constantly in crisis due to pressure on the common rangelands. significant changes in climate threaten the conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats necessary ( as defined by the convention on biological diversity ) for the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of borana cattle in their natural surroundings. bush encroachment is diminishing availability of good pasture leading to a decline in cattle carrying capacity per unit grazing area. whilst there are advantages in owning a variety of species so that, whatever climatic events occur, there will be survivors, maintaining such herds is a luxury that only the wealthier can afford. however, each represent a massive past investment in animal genetic resources which can provide insurance against unknown global future providing a chance for future generations to respond adequately to increasing food demand, environmental changes, diseases, and other associated challenges. this study features communities that have chosen to switch from their grazing cattle to camels, which are browsers and resilient in a drought ( though camels will die in numbers after a critical point ). understanding this choice and the lessons its holds for


study features communities that have chosen to switch from their grazing cattle to camels, which are browsers and resilient in a drought ( though camels will die in numbers after a critical point ). understanding this choice and the lessons its holds for those struggling with governance under this global ecological crisis as well as others facing climate change induced livelihood choices is critical. themes : agriculture, fisheries and food security, crosscutting issues, gender, poverty and vulnerability, water regions : east africa countries : ethiopia, kenya followers : 6 people are following this project overview : this is a project proposal to be based in the highlands of southern ethiopia and the bordering northern kenyan lowlands where pastoralists have adopted new coping mechanisms in response to climate change. our project goals are to : - facilitate the sharing and build recognition of the unique knowledge and expertise of pastoralists in northern kenya and southern ethiopia, providing essential insights from communities adapting their livelihoods to changing weather patterns. - highlight how, when competition over resources and natural services intensifies, environmental, social and economic pressures can conspire to deny some groups access to the means to survive. - draw international attention to changing climate in arid and semi - arid lands, and how a relatively small change in climate such as a decline or shift in the pattern of precipitation can bring people and livestock to the brink of disaster. - provide an opportunity for communities to voice their observations, experiences and concerns around recurring droughts, unpredictable rainfall patterns, seasonal floods, food insecurity, conflict and disease, and how these have depleted assets and capabilities. - identify where changing climate patterns are too severe for traditional coping strategies such as pastoralist migration routes and local temporary resources sharing agreements with neighbours to accommodate. - support community - level educational activities related to livestock pastoralism and climate change, highlighting the role of local knowledge, practices and coping strategies, facilitating sharing and exchange of these with other communities.


facing drought, u. s. farmers return to crop rotation farmers in top u. s. grain states are planning to rotate to other crops after repeated plantings of corn on the same fields, combined with a devastating drought in 2012, badly hurt yields. farmers in iowa and illinois, which accounted for almost 30 percent of u. s. corn production in 2012, are expected to shift some acreage that was seeded exclusively with corn over the past several years to soybeans this spring. they want to avoid another year of potentially significant losses as dry conditions persist, said agricultural market analysts and economists. a move away from corn in those states may further drive up world food prices, which are already historically high, because corn stockpiles in the united states, the world ' s top exporter, are forecast to hit a 17 - year low by the end of the summer. soaring corn prices, due in part to surging demand for ethanol, in recent years have encouraged a greater amount of corn being planted on the same land year - after - year despite the fact the practice depletes soil of nutrients and reduces yields. although corn plantings are expected to be near record highs nationwide in 2013, the loss of some acres in the most productive states could crimp u. s. yields. corn acres will shift from iowa and illinois to less - productive fields in north and south dakota and the mississippi delta, raising the potential for lower yields overall, said sterling liddell, vice president of food and agribusiness research for agribusiness lending giant rabobank. the shift " could potentially be very supportive for prices because we ' re in such tight stock conditions with such little room for error, " he said. iowa and illinois could each see up to one million acres that have been devoted to corn production for the past several years switched to other crops in 2013, according to rabobank. that could mean a loss of up to 320 million bushels of corn from the 2013 harvest, based on the states ' five - year average yields. farmers planted 14. 2 million acres of corn in iowa last year and 12. 8 million acres in illinois. the united states harvested 10. 8 billion bushels of corn in 2012, the smallest in six years. the u. s. government is expected to detail its forecast for the 2013 harvest and plantings in march. ongoing dryness and the need to reinvigorate soils will encourage farmers to retreat, at least temporarily, from corn - on - corn production, according to ag


government is expected to detail its forecast for the 2013 harvest and plantings in march. ongoing dryness and the need to reinvigorate soils will encourage farmers to retreat, at least temporarily, from corn - on - corn production, according to agronomists. soybeans naturally add nitrogen, a key fertilizer, to the land. more so than soybeans, corn has a greater need for moisture during a critical summertime stage of development, raising the risk for yield losses if moisture is absent during that time. rains in august boosted the size of last year ' s soybean crop but arrived too late in the summer to benefit the already - ravaged corn crop. forecasters have warned the drought will not abate in the coming months. " farmers are going to do their best to not do corn - on - corn any more than they have to, " said rich guebert, vice president of the illinois farm bureau, who said he had heard many farmers complain about dramatic yield losses from corn planted after corn. rodney weinzierl, the executive director of the illinois corn growers association and a farmer in the state ' s no. 1 corn - producing county, plans to plant soybeans on land on which he has grown corn for the past three years. the decision to reduce corn plantings " has a lot to do with moisture, " said weinzierl, adding that he was " trying to better understand " a 40 percent decline in yields last year for corn plantings in fields that also had corn in the previous year. drought burns farmers there has been a movement toward repeated plantings of corn in recent years. acres planted with corn last year and the year before in iowa and illinois rose 6 percent to 9. 8 million acres, according to agricultural data company lanworth, a unit of thomson reuters. total corn plantings in the two states jumped 1 percent to 27 million acres. " what people were banking on was that corn prices had gotten up there high enough that it was going to offset that yield reduction, but in fact it didn ' t, " said mike duffy, agricultural economist at iowa state university. it can all make a big difference to farmers ' incomes. duffy estimated an average yield of 165 bushels per acre for corn grown after corn in 2012 and 180 bushels for corn grown after soybeans. in 2012, it cost $ 4. 94 a bushel to produce corn grown after corn in iowa, 70 cents more than it cost to grow corn grown after soybe


after corn in 2012 and 180 bushels for corn grown after soybeans. in 2012, it cost $ 4. 94 a bushel to produce corn grown after corn in iowa, 70 cents more than it cost to grow corn grown after soybeans. the higher cost was due to reduced yields for repeated plantings and to the additional fertilizer needed to compensate for lost nutrients, duffy said. yields for corn grown after corn take a particularly hard hit compared to corn grown after soybeans when weather conditions are poor, duffy noted, adding that farmers who planted corn repeatedly on the same land said : " well we got burned here. we don ' t want to do it again. " record plantings nationwide? still, all signs point to u. s. farmers planting a historically large number of acres to corn in 2013 due to high corn prices. monsanto, the world ' s largest seed company, last week projected 96 million acres of corn will be planted, down 1 percent from a record high in 2012. rabobank predicted total plantings will rise 0. 5 percent to 97. 6 million acres - which would be the most since 101. 95 million acres were planted in 1936 before the advent of soybeans. ( reporting by tom polansek ; editing by k. t. arasu and bob burgdorfer )


" the united states education system must do more to encourage students at every level to study science and mathematics and to pursue careers related to those fields. " - math and science incentive act of 2005 high profile members of the house and senate have introduced legislation providing financial incentives for undergraduate study in mathematics, science or engineering. under this legislation, the federal government would pay the interest on student loans for undergraduates agreeing to teach science, technology, engineering or mathematics in elementary or secondary schools or who work as a professional in these fields for at a march 11 hearing of the new house science, state, justice and commerce appropriations subcommittee, chairman frank wolf ( r - va ) expressed deep concern about the nation ' s scientific workforce, and said that he would " like to do something very dramatic " ( see http : / / www. aip. org / fyi / 2005 / 036. html. ) just over a month later, wolf held a capitol hill press conference to announce his introduction of h. r. 1547. in describing his bill, wolf stated, " america ' s dominance in science and innovation is slipping. we are facing today a critical shortage of science and engineering students in the united states. unfortunately, there is little public awareness of this trend or its implications for jobs, industry or national security in america ' s future. we need to make sure we have people who can fill these science and engineering positions. " to make his case wolf cited patent, nobel prize, and doctoral degree data, as well as stating, " published research by americans is lagging. physical review, a series of top physics journals, last year tracked a reversal in which american scientific papers, in two decades, dropped from the most published to minority status. in 2003, - the most recent year statistics are available - the total number of american papers published was just 29 percent, down from 61 percent in 1983. " joining wolf at this press conference to announce his sponsorship of a companion bill with almost identical wording was senator john warner ( r - va ). their bills would pay up to $ 10, 000 of interest for new undergraduate student loans made under the higher education act of 1965. in return, students would have to complete five consecutive years of service as a teacher of science, technology, engineering or mathematics at an elementary or secondary school, or as a mathematics, science or engineering professional. failure to complete this requirement would entail the repayment of the interest paid by the government. students would apply for this benefit in a competitive process under criteria outlined in the legislation


posted on friday, 5th march 2010 by all philippines new bilibid prison the new bilibid prison ( nbp ) ( also known as the national bilibid prison ), located in muntinlupa city, philippines, is one of the seven and most famous main insular correctional facilities for convicted male prisoners in the philippines. the institution is operated and maintained by various philippine government agencies, particularly, the department of justice ( doj ), the bureau of corrections, the bureau of jail management and penology ( bjmp ), and the department of the interior and local government ( dilg ). often called the “ bilibid ”, the new bilibid prison in muntinlupa city was not the original prison facility that carries the bilibid moniker. the old bilibid prison located in the mayhalique estate in oroquieta street sta. cruz, manila was built by the spanish authorities in 1847 to incarcerate prisoners during the spanish colonial period in the philippines. the prison was established in accordance to a decree issued by the office of the governor general or section 1708 of the revised administrative code. it was then formally opened by a royal decree in 1865. the penitentiary was divided into two main buildings. one is known as the ‘ carcel ’ which can accommodate 600 prisoners. prisoners incarcerated in the carcel were divided according to class, sex, and the degree of the crimes they had committed. the other main building in the prison compound was called the ‘ presidio ’. this building was designed to accommodate 527 prisoners. all in all, before it was referred to as the bilibid prison, this main spanish - era prison facility was called the ‘ carcel y presidio correcional ’. at the start of the 20th century, during the early american colonial rule, a modern 200 bed capacity hospital was added to the old bilibid prison compound. a carpentry workshop was also built for the prisoners to hone their skills in woodworking and later to sell their crafts. during the commonwealth era under the presidency of manuel quezon, a growing number of prisoners admitted in the old bilibid prison ( this is due to an increased population and rapid urbanization of manila ) paved way for the creation and implementation of commonwealth act no. 67 ordering the construction of a new national prison facility in muntinlupa city to replace the old bilibid prison. the construction of the new prison compound started in 1935 with a budget of 1, 000


and implementation of commonwealth act no. 67 ordering the construction of a new national prison facility in muntinlupa city to replace the old bilibid prison. the construction of the new prison compound started in 1935 with a budget of 1, 000, 000 philippine pesos. all prisoners incarcerated in the old bilibid compound were transferred to the new prison facility in muntinlupa city on november 15, 1940. at that time, the new penitentiary can accommodate up to 3, 000 prisoners. on january 22, 1941, in a small ceremony attended by government officials and other luminaries, the new prison compound became officially known as the new bilibid prison. old bilibid prison 1899 old bilibid prison 1902 old bilibid prison 1910 tags : american colonial rule philippines, bilibid prisoners convicts felons, bureau of corrections philippines, bureau of jail management and penology bjmp philippines, carcel prison philippines, carcel y presidio correcional manila philippines, commonwealth act no. 67, correccional philippines, correctional facilities in the philippines, department of justice doj philippines, department of the interior and local government dilg philippines, mayhalique estate oroquieta street sta. cruz manila, muntinlupa city sights sounds landmarks, national bilibid prison philippines, new bilibid prison, new bilibid prison muntinlupa city, new bilibid prison nbp, new bilibid prison pictures, old bilibid prison manila philippines, president manuel luis quezon commonwealth government philippines, presidio prison philippines, prisons of the philippines, section 1708 of the revised administrative code spanish colonial rule philippines, spanish governor general philippines, spanish laws decrees in the philippines, spanish prison system philippines, spanish royal decree philippines posted in philippine facts | comments ( 6 )


failure to recognise people changes in behaviour when i visit my wife in hospital, she talks about me and about things we did together, as if she were talking to someone else about me. it saddens me, but at the same time i realise that she hasn ’ t forgotten me at all. she still cares for me a lot, but she just doesn ’ t recognise me. if the person you are caring for sometimes has difficulty recognising who people are and what objects are, you may be inclined to put it down to memory loss, confusion or faulty eyesight. in some cases, you may be right. however, there is another possibility. it could be due to the fact that the brain of the person with dementia cannot put together and make sense of what they remember and what they can see. information from these two sources no longer tallies. this problem is sometimes referred to as “ agnosia ”. the consequences of this problem are that someone may fail to recognise people and use objects inappropriately. this can make life very difficult for the person and increase isolation and fear in that familiar people may be perceived as strangers. it can also be disturbing for other people who may find the behaviour strange and may cause sadness to close friends and family, particularly when the person fails to recognise them. however, you may be able to help the person to understand who people are, what objects are and how to use them. how to cope with failure to recognise people and objects try to provide assistance without drawing unnecessary attention to the mistake with objects, it might be simplest just to give the person the appropriate object and explain or demonstrate how it is used, without drawing unnecessary attention to the mistake. if the person with dementia does not accept your explanation there is no point arguing. on the other hand, it sometimes helps to point out different features of the object or characteristics of the person - for example, their voice. if the person with dementia does not recognise somebody or mixes up people ’ s names in a conversation, you could explain who the people are – in fact, you might find yourself doing so automatically. but it is perhaps unnecessary and you may be drawing unnecessary attention to a mistake. as the person is likely to forget a few seconds or minutes later, it might also be a waste of time. it is therefore preferable to respect their view, ignore the mistake and attend to what they are trying to say. if the person does not recognise someone, they might feel afraid or disturbed. if this is the case, it is important to provide


a bold new approach to writing ( and reading ) poetry based on great poetry of the past. quick, joyful, and playfully astringent, with surprising comparisons and examples, this collection takes an unconventional approach to the art of poetry. instead of rules, theories, or recipes, singing school emphasizes ways to learn from great work : studying magnificent, monumentally enduring poems and how they are made — in terms borrowed from the “ singing school ” of william butler yeats ’ s “ sailing to byzantium. ” robert pinsky ’ s headnotes for each of the 80 poems and his brief introductions to each section take a writer ’ s view of specific works : william carlos williams ’ s “ fine work with pitch and copper ” for intense verbal music ; emily dickinson ’ s “ because i could not stop for death ” for wild imagination in matter - of - fact language ; robert southwell ’ s “ the burning babe ” for surrealist aplomb ; wallace stevens ’ s “ the house was quiet and the world was calm ” for subtlety in meter. included are poems by aphra behn, allen ginsberg, george herbert, john keats, mina loy, thomas nashe, and many other master poets. this anthology respects poetry ’ s mysteries in two senses of the word : techniques of craft and strokes of the inexplicable.


organic is a labeling term that indicates that the food or other agricultural product has been produced through approved methods. these methods integrate cultural, biological, and mechanical practices that foster cycling of resources, promote ecological balance, and conserve biodiversity. synthetic fertilizers, sewage sludge, irradiation, and genetic engineering may not be used. how are organic products overseen? the national organic program regulates all organic crops, livestock, and agricultural products certified to the united states department of agriculture ( usda ) organic standards. organic certification agencies inspect and verify that organic farmers, ranchers, distributors, processors, and traders are complying with the usda organic regulations. usda conducts audits and ensures that the more than 90 organic certification agencies operating around the world are properly certifying organic products. in addition, usda conducts investigations and conducts enforcement activities to ensure all products labeled as organic meet the usda organic regulations. in order to sell, label, or represent their products as organic, operations must follow all of the specifications set out by the usda organic regulations. how do i know if my food is organic? look at the label. if you see the usda organic seal, the product is certified organic and has 95 percent or more organic content. for multi - ingredient products such as bread or soup, if the label claims that it is made with specified organic ingredients, you can be confident that those specific ingredients have been certified organic. what about other labels? there are other voluntary labels for livestock products, such as meat and eggs. animal raising claims must be truthful and not misleading. usda ’ s food safety inspection service verifies the truthfulness of these claims : free - range. this label indicates that the flock was provided shelter in a building, room, or area with unlimited access to food, fresh water, and continuous access to the outdoors during their production cycle. the outdoor area may or may not be fenced and / or covered with netting - like material. this label is regulated by the usda. cage - free. this label indicates that the flock was able to freely roam a building, room, or enclosed area with unlimited access to food and fresh water during their production cycle. natural. as required by usda, meat, poultry, and egg products labeled as “ natural ” must be minimally processed and contain no artificial ingredients. however, the natural label does not include any standards regarding farm practices and only applies to processing of meat and egg products. there are no standards or regulations for the labeling of natural food products if


” must be minimally processed and contain no artificial ingredients. however, the natural label does not include any standards regarding farm practices and only applies to processing of meat and egg products. there are no standards or regulations for the labeling of natural food products if they do not contain meat or eggs. grass - fed. grass - fed animals receive a majority of their nutrients from grass throughout their life, while organic animals ’ pasture diet may be supplemented with grain. also usda regulated, the grass - fed label does not limit the use of antibiotics, hormones, or pesticides. meat products may be labeled as grass - fed organic. pasture - raised. due to the number of variables involved in pasture - raised agricultural systems, the usda has not developed a federal definition for pasture - raised products. humane. multiple labeling programs make claims that animals were treated humanely during the production cycle, but the verification of these claims varies widely. these labeling programs are not regulated under a single usda definition. no added hormones. a similar claim includes “ raised without hormones. ” federal regulations have never permitted hormones or steroids in poultry, pork, or goat. protecting organic integrity 30, 000 on - site inspections per year by certifying agents to monitor compliance with usda organic standards certifying agent audits to ensure appropriate monitoring residue testing program to verify that prohibited pesticides aren ’ t being applied to organic crops robust compliance and enforcement activities issue - based investigations ( e. g. country - or commodity - specific ) interested in learning more?


preface and comparison with the bible the qur ' anis views on the subject of the jewish people is certainly of interest as the relationship between the nation of israel and the muslim world continue to be an epicenter of tension throughout the world. this collection of seventy - one verses has both positive and negative things to say about the hebrews. jewish and muslim relations throughout mohammedis career were hostile. mohammed saw himself as equal to abraham, moses and king david. his validity as a prophet depended on the connection with yahweh or the god of the bible. to his great disappointment, the jews of the arabian peninsula saw him as a demon possessed false prophet. as the muslims turned to raiding caravans and attacking those that opposed them, the small jewish communities attempted to avoid coming under islamic domination but failed. many of them, like the jews of medina and an - nadir, were attacked and driven out of their lands. the proceeds of their rich orchards were given to the muslims. one jewish community, banu quraizah, suffered the execution of more than 600 men while their widows and children became the concubines and slaves of their muslim conquerors. with this in mind, it is easy to understand why some of the verses paraphrased in this chapter are positive and support the jewish heritage, since mohammed was building his credibility on the bible. other verses, however, are negative in reaction to the jewish rejection of him as a prophet. on the positive side, the qur ' an recognizes the inspiration of the holy scriptures, which the jews possessed, and commends the jewish people to study them and obey godis law. it acknowledges that the jews are godis chosen people who were given prophethood and the land of israel, or the promised land, as a possession. it assures them of eternal reward. again, all of this recognition did not sway the jews to believe in mohammed. the negative verses say that the jews are hypocritical, illogical, vile, hard - hearted murderers of the prophets who misrepresent their scriptures. it warns them of hell fire if they reject mohammed and the qur ' an. the qur ' an says... given the holy landpeople of the bible, remember the words of moses to his people when he predicted prophets and kings to come. moses told the jews to enter the holy land, which allah ordained for them. they were afraid of the people so allah had them depart from the holy land for forty years as they wandered homeless ( 5 :


when he predicted prophets and kings to come. moses told the jews to enter the holy land, which allah ordained for them. they were afraid of the people so allah had them depart from the holy land for forty years as they wandered homeless ( 5 : 19 - 26 ). knowing god personallythere is one deity. the christians and jews know him as they know their own sons. but others have lost their souls through idol worship, inventing falsehoods about allah, sinful behavior and denying the revelations ( 6 : 20 - 22 ). reward awaits jewsthose who are muslims, jews, christians and sabaeans have a reward awaiting them with their lord and should have no fear or grieve because they believe in allah, the last day and they do what is right ( 2 : 62 ). chosen peoplethe children of israel were favored by allah and preferred above all creatures ( 2 : 47 ). remember allahis blessingsmanna and quail were sent to the jews for food. twelve springs of water came forth for each tribe to drink when moses smote the rock ( 2 : 57 - 60 ). possess scripturesthe children of israel should accept the qur ' an which confirms the scriptures they possess. do not be the first to reject islam ( 2 : 41 ). jews should practice what they are reading in their holy scriptures ( 2 : 44 ). covenant of the yellow cowwhen moses commanded the people to sacrifice a cow, they wondered if he was playing a game with them. the people tested moses with specific questions concerning the nature of the cow to be offered as sacrifice. it was determined to be middle aged, rich yellow color, healthy and free from blemish. the jews finally did what was commanded, but almost failed to do so ( 2 : 67 - 71 ). bible studied by jewsthose who inherited the scriptures have studied them well and know not to say something about allah that is not true ( 7 : 169 ). the christians and jews disagree yet they study the same holy scriptures ( 2 : 113 ). first to reject islamdo not be the first people to reject the qur ' an because it agrees with your scriptures. fear allah! be honest about the truth you have in scripture, do not sell it for a small price, combine not truth with falsehood or conceal the truth. worship with the muslims, pray and pay the tax to meet the needs of the poor ( 2 : 41 - 45 ). crucifixion of christthe jews have broken the covenant,


combine not truth with falsehood or conceal the truth. worship with the muslims, pray and pay the tax to meet the needs of the poor ( 2 : 41 - 45 ). crucifixion of christthe jews have broken the covenant, denied allahis revelations and killed the prophets wrongfully. they speak a tremendous slander against mary. they also say that they killed the messiah jesus, son of mary and allahis messenger. they did not kill him or crucify him. it only appeared that way to them. they did not kill him but allah took him up to himself ( 4 : 155 - 158 ). jews and the scripturesthe jewish people were given the torah ( first five books of the bible ) but were not responsive to it. they are like a donkey weighed down with heavy books. they are despicable because they reject allahis revelations ( 62 : 5 ). the children of israel were given the bible, prophethood and favored above all other peoples. it was only after the scriptures had come to them that they divided into factions ( 45 : 16 - 17 ). guidance was given to moses and the children of israel inherited the bible, which is a guide for men of understanding ( 40 : 53 - 54 ). they pervert the words of the bible and take them out of context. all but a few of them are continually treacherous. bear with them and pardon them for allah loves those who are kind ( 5 : 13 ). you have no savioryou jews must protect yourselves from the judgment day when you will have no savior, intercession or ransom for your sins ( 2 : 47, 48 ). remember your past mistakesafter allah gave the scriptures to moses, your forefathers made a golden calf to worship. moses then encouraged the jewish people to kill themselves. they were struck by lightening yet revived by a miracle ( 2 : 53 - 56 ). murderers of the prophetsthe jews disbelieved in allahis revelations and slew the prophets wrongfully. they received humiliation, wretchedness was stamped upon them. they received the wrath of allah ( 2 : 61 ). jesus, son of mary, was given power to do miracles and strengthened with the holy spirit. yet, when an apostle comes with undesirable teachings, the jews get prideful and some they call deceivers and others they kill ( 2 : 87 ). you ask mohammed to bring fire from the sky as proof before you believe. other apostles did bring great signs and gave the scriptures,


teachings, the jews get prideful and some they call deceivers and others they kill ( 2 : 87 ). you ask mohammed to bring fire from the sky as proof before you believe. other apostles did bring great signs and gave the scriptures, which give light. why did you kill them ( 3 : 183 )? sabbath breakers turned into apesjews are to remember how a group of sabbath breakers were changed into detestable apes by allah as an example for future generations ( 2 : 65, 66 ). hard heartedeven after allah raised a dead man to life, the jews hearts were hardened and became harder than rocks ( 2 : 72 - 74 ). hypocritesthey claim to believe that they will go to heaven, but if they truly believed that then they would wish for death. in fact they love this life more than even the pagans and dread death because they know they face punishment ( 2 : 94 - 96, 62 : 6 - 8 ). jews are enemiesjews and pagans are the fiercest in their opposition to islam, but the most affectionate are some who call themselves dchristians. e they have priests and monks and they are not proud. tears come to their eyes when they hear the reading of the qur ' an because they recognize that it is true. but those who disbelieve and deny allahis revelations are going to the fires of hell ( 5 : 82 - 86 ). claim to paradisethe jews and christians claim that they alone will be admitted to paradise. this is a fantasy ( 2 : 111 ). befriending jews prohibitedthe muslim who takes christians or jews as friends is one of them ( 5 : 51 ). jews among the vilest of creaturesthe christians, jews and idol worshipers, who do not believe in mohammed or the qur ' an, are going to burn forever in hell and are the worst creatures on earth ( 98 : 6 ). fight against the jewsmuslims, fight everyone who reject islam, even if they are christians and jews. fight them until they pay you regular financial tribute with willing submission and feel themselves completely subjected to their islamic conquerors ( 9 : 29 ).


- marginal cost pricingsearch for term ' marginal cost pricing ' expresses the theory that the net benefits of an economic activity are maximised when prices are equal to the marginal cost of production. this is because prices measure consumers ’ marginal willingness to pay, and therefore the value, of a commodity or service. the marginal cost is the quantity of resources, which must be employed to produce a single extra unit of the commodity. when price equals marginal cost, it indicates that the cost of the marginal unit of production is just equal to, and therefore justified by, the value of the extra consumption. in the case of water resources, the ‘ cost of production ’ should be interpreted to include the impact on the environment. damage to the environment can lower welfare directly ( e. g. through reduced amenity ), or indirectly, through the need to spend more on water treatment. also, any current use must reduce the amount of water available for use in future periods. this would apply to any store of water, such as an aquifer or lake, being used in excess of its recharge rate. continued exploitation must at some time lead to exhaustion. hence, current use of the resource has an opportunity cost which is the cost of use foregone in the future. various formulae exist on which marginal cost pricing policies can be based, which take into account the indivisibilities, which are a feature of water resources, investment. further information : pricing of water services. oecd, 1987. - meteringsearch for term systems of metering for calculating water consumption, and thereby charges owed by the customer per unit of water consumed, are needed in cases where charges or tariffs for water are not set at a flat rate per user. however, it is important to recognise that metering is expensive to install and operate efficiently, and that users are likely to reduce their usage, so that it may not be economic – however apparently desirable – to install a metering system. any decision to install metering will have to take many factors into account : the value and scarcity / abundance of water ; the cost of installing meters, maintaining their security, staffing their inspection, billing customers, etc. ; possible customer reactions ; the desirability and practicalities of introducing a two - tier payment system, whereby above a certain level, price per unit increases, thus helping reduce waste and increase revenues. most oecd countries, and a growing number of other countries, use metering for urban domestic water consumption. ( see also tariff structures


youth sports safety - 5 tips to help protect your little athlete cringing at bumps, falls, trips and nudges is a common response among parents of young athletes. seventy - two percent of parents of children ages 6 to 17 report that they are highly concerned about their child experiencing a head injury on the sports field, according to a recent survey conducted by nmi research and dsm nutritional products, and their concern is not unwarranted. in fact, data indicates that emergency room visits of school - age athletes for serious injuries like concussions have significantly increased in recent years. parents should continue to encourage their children to get involved with youth sports, but they need to be aware that hard - hitting spills could have a lasting impact on their child ’ s brain health if not handled properly. “ i ’ ve worked with young and old athletes who are experiencing the lasting effects of head trauma during sports, ” says dr. julian bailes, a neurosurgeon and sports medicine expert who has worked with professional and college athletes for more than two decades. “ in many cases, their parents or coaches were eager to get them back in the game because they didn ’ t show signs of an injury. through research, we ’ re finding that even minor repeated head injuries can cause long - term effects on brain function. ” every parent on the sidelines should be aware of the signs that a more serious injury may have occurred. a father of five children and former athlete himself, bailes recommends that parents educate themselves about sports safety. “ there are things parents can do to help protect their children from sports - related injuries, from selecting the right protective gear to working with coaches and leagues to build awareness around recognizing and treating head injuries, ” says bailes. “ and we ’ re learning more every day. for example, recent pre - clinical studies have looked at the use of dha omega - 3 as a nutrient to help reduce the impact of traumatic brain injury. ” tip no. 1 : know the signs. not all concussions involve a loss of consciousness. in fact, most people who have concussions never black out. some indicators that a child may have a concussion and needs to see a doctor include headaches, listlessness, irritability, changes in sleeping, eating, school performance or play behaviors, and loss of balance or unsteady walking. tip no. 2 : limit exposure in practice. as a parent you can encourage coaches to have lighter practice days, focused on agility versus full - on player contact. tip no


or play behaviors, and loss of balance or unsteady walking. tip no. 2 : limit exposure in practice. as a parent you can encourage coaches to have lighter practice days, focused on agility versus full - on player contact. tip no. 3 : play it safe and slow. less than half of parents rely on a medical professional to examine their child to determine if they should return to play after a head injury, according to the survey. don ’ t take any chances. if your child experiences head trauma or you suspect a concussion during practice or in a game, seek medical attention immediately. and don ’ t be too eager to get them back in the game – wait until you get the go ahead from a doctor. tip no. 4 : be smart about nutrition. important for brain development and function throughout the lifecycle, dha is a structural fat in the brain that is particularly important during early childhood when the brain is in a rapid period of growth and development. look for foods rich in dha, like fatty fish, foods and beverages fortified with a vegetarian and sustainable algal source of dha, or algal dha supplements, which can be found at www. lifesdha. com. tip no. 5 : take a lead from the pros. stay up to date on the latest regulations and new equipment that is imposed by professional and collegiate teams. many times, what happens at the professional or collegiate level will trickle down to youth sports. “ sports are an important and healthy part of childhood, but being an athlete is not without risks, ” says dr. bailes. “ it only takes one poor or uninformed choice for a game to turn from fun to tragedy. every parent, coach and child should be educated on how to recognize and handle head injuries during sports. ”


wolfgang amadeus mozart was an undeniable and unforgettable genius whose talent can possibly never be matched again. he wrote some of the most important artistic works ever to be created by man. mozart was born in salzburg on january 27, 1756 to leopold and anna maria pertl. his father who was the choirmaster for the archbishop of salzburg, was an able and shrewd educator, and taught his son, not only theory of notable stature ( his method for the study of violin was in use until the beginning of our century ) but also knew how to intelligently manage the prodigious talent of amadeus. the first few years of mozart ' s life are unclear. it is certain, however, that he came into contact with music very early on in life : in fact, when his sister marianna, known as nannerl, at the age of six, was being given private harpsichord lessons, little wolfgang, who was only three at the time, was already spending hours banging away on the keyboard showing a marked inclination for music. before learning to read or write, little mozart revealed prodigious musical talent, to the extent that at the age of four he was already playing the clavichord and at five he was composing minuets. after having given a profound musical education, leopold mozart thought about investing in the precocious artistic qualities of his children : as early as january 1762 all of the family went to the court of the elector of munich, where the two young musicians gave a concert, resulting in amazement and admiration. the event immediately caused a stir and, in september of the same year, the empress maria teresa invited the two prodigious children to perform in the presence of the imperial family. as a harpsichordist wolfgang was appreciated not only for his compositions, but also for his ability to execute the pieces. he also quickly learned to play the violin and the organ. in 1763 the mozarts went on tour to give concerts. they visited munich, augusta, ulm, mannheim, frankfurt, cologne, followed by visits to aquisgrana and brussels and then to paris. the parisian trip lasted six months, during which the baron melchior grimm took the two children under his protection, introducing them into the artistic and musical society of the time ( diderot, d ' alembert, helvetius, the painter van loo, the musicians j. shobert, e. r. duni, p. gavinies, mme pampadour ) and the court


( diderot, d ' alembert, helvetius, the painter van loo, the musicians j. shobert, e. r. duni, p. gavinies, mme pampadour ) and the court. in april 1764 in london, johann christian bach, choirmaster of the court, welcomed the young mozart as a colleague and played with him. here wolfgang met c. f. abel, from whom he learnt the technique for playing the clarinet, an instrument which was, at that time, still very seldom used in the orchestra, and also the famous opera composer g. manzuoli who taught him the belcanto technique. the influence of j. ch. bach was crucial to the style in which mozart wrote the k. 16 and k. 19 symphonies in london, as well as many sonatas for the harpsichord and for other instruments. in london, where george iii and queen charlotte didn ' t get tired of listening to his improvisations on the tambourine, the young boy also had his first contact with italian melodrama, attending performances by piccinni, galuppi, gerrandini, giardini and others. when mozart was once again back in salzburg, the archbishop commissioned him in 1767 to compose the oratorio die schuldigkeit des ersten gebots ; in the same year the young musician also wrote a cantata, an offertory, a prologue and a tragedy. from this moment on, aged only eleven, the intense and fruitful structural activity of mozart began which didn ' t stop until his death, amounting to ( according to the chronological catalogue completed in 1862 by ludwig kochel ) at least 626 opus numbers. mozart was continuously called on by the nobles, who often competed against each other for his presence and therefore the composer spent a lot of time in vienna : in 1768 he composed, commissioned by the emperor, la finta semplice, opera buffa in three acts, which, due to the envy the young genius already provoked in the musical circles, wasn ' t performed in vienna but only the following year in salzburg. instead, the german operetta bastien und bastienne was performed privately at doctor mesmer ' s house. in the capital mozart had the opportunity of listening to gluck ' s alceste, he also got to know and began studying in depth, operas from the major symphonists from the viennese style ( joseph and michael haydn, dittersdorf,


had the opportunity of listening to gluck ' s alceste, he also got to know and began studying in depth, operas from the major symphonists from the viennese style ( joseph and michael haydn, dittersdorf, vanhal, wagenseil, gassmann ). he also began relations with hasse. intense periods of studying, composing and concert activities caused exhaustion and frequent illnesses, but leopold decided to embark on a trip to italy. they left in december 1769, stopped in rovereto, verona and mantova, where mozart conducted one of his symphonies, read and performed a concert and sonata at first sight, and improvised an aria based on a text proposed by the audience. in rome mozart listened to il miserere by gregorio allegri in the sistine chapel - whose score was jealously guarded - and he rewrote it outright from memory after only hearing it twice ; the pope, astonished, gave it the title of cavaliere dello speron d ' oro. in bologna, mozart took lessons from father martini and was subjected to the compulsory test of the accademia filarmonica, which he passed and was nominated and became an official member of the accademia. in milan he met g. b. sammartini and n. piccinni and composed on commission, as well as four symphonies, the opera mitridate re di ponto, performed on december 26th, 1770. following the success of the opera, he had the task of writing a celebration piece for the archduke fernando ' s wedding to maria beatrice of modena. when mozart returned to salzburg in march 1771, he began composing the opera, a ' theatrical evening ' in two acts, entitled ascanio in alba, based on a text by the abbot giuseppe parini. nevertheless, he obtained the authorization to go on a third trip to italy to perform the opera lucio silla in milan ( december 1772 ), which he did reluctantly and the opera, in fact, was unsuccessful ; on this occasion he met giovanni paisiello. from march 1773 to the summer of 1777 mozart didn ' t move from salzburg, apart from a couple of brief trips to vienna, where he became one of haydn ' s disciples and he became deeply interested in counterpoint, writing some expert quartets finishing with fugues of different subjects. in 1775 ( january 13th ), his new opera, la finta giardiniera, was performed in munich and provoked great enthusiasm ; and in 1776, in salzburg


counterpoint, writing some expert quartets finishing with fugues of different subjects. in 1775 ( january 13th ), his new opera, la finta giardiniera, was performed in munich and provoked great enthusiasm ; and in 1776, in salzburg, il re pastore. but the shabby atmosphere of his native city, and the continuous oppressions which the archbishop colleredo subjected him to, pushed mozart to resign from the post of konzertmeister, which was also badly paid. in august 1777 the composer left salzburg, accompanied by his mother, and went to munich ; then he went to augusta and finally to mannheim, where he began once again to listen to and study the symphonists of that group. to earn money he gave lessons and composed to order. he met aloysia weber ( daughter of fridolin, uncle of carl von weber ) and he fell in love. on july 3rd, 1778 his mother died : broken - hearted, notwithstanding the eulogies gathered from his symphony in d major called " parigina " ( k297 ), he returned to salzburg, where he was proposed the post of organist for the court and for the cathedral. the clamorous success obtained in munich with his new opera idomeneo re di creta ( 1781 ) inspired him to finish completely with salzburg to try out his fortune in the international atmosphere of vienna, where he settled, notwithstanding the opposition he met with from his father and sister, and having been refused by aloysia weber, he married her sister constanze in 1782. in the same year he received the task of writing an opera for the emperor giuseppe ii. mozart chose a german singspiel based on a text by gottlob stephanie, belmonte und constanze oder die entfuhrung aus dem serail, the first masterpiece in mozart ' s opera repertoire and the first step towards the development of a german musical theatre. after the performance of this opera ( july 16th, 1782 ), for four years mozart seems to have distanced himself from the theatre. he became a member of the vienna freemasonry, and wrote a lot of instrumental, symphonic and chamber music, concerts for pianoforte, quartets and trios. in vienna he began a very close friendship with lorenzo da ponte and emanuel schikaneder, who became his librettists. after having composed a short opera entitled der schauspiel direktor ( impresario ), performed in the court of schonbr


friendship with lorenzo da ponte and emanuel schikaneder, who became his librettists. after having composed a short opera entitled der schauspiel direktor ( impresario ), performed in the court of schonbrunn, he wrote one of his best masterpieces, le nozze di figaro, based on a libretto by da ponte which was inspired by the famous comedy by beaumarchais especially requested by mozart. from the first performance ( may 1st, 1786 ), the success was phenomenal, provoking envy in the traditional opera composers ( among them antonio salieri ), who, in vain, tried to pull all the strings to sabotage mozart. the opera was repeated the following january in prague, where the italian theatre asked him to write a new opera. this was don giovanni, once again based on a libretto by lorenzo da ponte, and it was staged on october 29th, 1787. it was destined to build inexhaustible themes of literary and philosophical reflections, from the romantics to kirkegaard, to nietzsche, to nowadays. after the triumph of don giovanni in prague, mozart returned to vienna, where he was called to occupy the post of kammermusicus for the emperor, vacant due to the death of gluck. however, the musician ' s economic situation was precarious ; the modest salary, private lessons and the compositions of every type which he had been commissioned to do, were not enough to sustain his heavy family expenses. mozart isolated himself more and more, not finding even his wife to be a comfort in his loneliness. another perturbation he suffered was the death of his father on may 28th, 1787. in 1789 he went to berlin with prince lichnowsky. the emperor federico guglielmo ii, after having heard him play at potsdam, offered him the position of kappelmeister, with an annual salary of three thousand thalers, but mozart refused, preferring to remain loyal to the austrian emperor, his protector, for whom he wrote the new opera, cosi fan tutte, ossia la scuola degli amanti, again with the libretto by da ponte, performed in vienna on january 26th, 1790 but was more or less coldly received. when joseph ii died, his successor, leopold ii showed no interest for music ; to celebrate the coronation mozart nevertheless wrote la clemenza di tito, with the libretto by metastasio and it was performed in prague on september 6th, 1791. already suffering


joseph ii died, his successor, leopold ii showed no interest for music ; to celebrate the coronation mozart nevertheless wrote la clemenza di tito, with the libretto by metastasio and it was performed in prague on september 6th, 1791. already suffering from health problems, mozart returned to vienna, convinced he had only a short time more to live. to augment the imminent sense of death, a mysterious customer, so the story goes, ordered a requiem mass. as well as that, he accepted the task of composing another german opera, die zauberflote ( the magic flute ), based on the text by schikaneder. the opera was performed in the small theater auf der wieden on september 30th, 1791 and was the last theatrical masterpiece by mozart. he began once again to work feverishly on the requiem. it remained unfinished however, due to his sudden death. it was finally completed by his student franz sussmayr. the creative activity by mozart ranged from chamber music to concerts for solo instruments, from religious music to symphonies to operas. a first complete edition of his operas was published in leipzig from 1877 to 1905. a new critical edition was completed by the editors barenreiter, kassel, 1955 - 93. mozart is a unique entity in the history of music, a new world began for musical expression which made him into one of the most important symbols in modern culture. on december 5th, 1791 ( dies irae ) at one in the morning one of the most important figures in art ( musical but not only ) of all times died. due to the lack of funds, his remains were buried in a common grave in saint mark ' s cemetery in vienna and were never found again. the cause of his death remained a mystery, and a legend started ( originating from poets and cultured and learned people, among these puskin, in the romantic period ) which stated that mozart was poisoned by antonio salieri.


advice to help you recognise the early signs of the onset of labour during pregnancy with information on imminent birth and delivery.. labour is the process through which your baby will be born. for most women this happens when they are around 40 weeks pregnant, but anything from 37 weeks to 42 weeks is considered as being normal. with a first baby, from the first signs of labour until the baby is born can quite easily be a full 24 hours. this is because labour tends to start gradually allowing your baby time to adjust to what is happening. if you have already experienced labour the womb seems to work differently. the process of labour may still begin gradually but you will usually deliver your baby much more quickly. signs of the onset of labour : - a show - this is the mucousy plug that sits in the neck of the womb. as the neck of the womb begins to open this mucus may be dislodged. the mucus may be clear, slightly brown or pink. you may notice some streaks of blood. this is normal. if there is more than just a few streaks of blood, if there is bleeding without mucous or if your baby has not been moving please contact a midwife to make sure things are ok. otherwise just wait and see. a show can actually happen a few weeks before you actually go into labour so it may or may not be a sign. - waters breaking - your waters are the amniotic fluid that surrounds your baby. they can break before you go into labour or during the labour process. when they do break you will be aware of leaking fluid all at once or keep leaking small amounts. some women feel a popping sensation. most women go into labour when their waters break after 37 weeks, but it can take a day or two. you will need to contact your midwife or the delivery suite to let them know what is happening. if you do not go into labour yourself then your labour may be induced because once the waters have broken there is a small risk of infection to your baby which increases with time. - contractions - this is the muscle of your womb tightening, pulling up on your cervix and pushing down on your baby. at first you may be aware of just some discomfort or period type pain that comes and goes. as time goes on you will become more aware of definite contractions, usually felt low down in the front of your abdomen or in your back. they will become longer and stronger and more intense. once your contractions are lasting about 45 seconds to a minute they


what is the michel thomas method? the michel thomas method teaches everyday conversational language that will allow you to communicate in a wide variety of situations, empowered by the ability to create your own sentences and use the language instinctively, having absorbed the vocabulary and grammatical structures. these all - audio courses were perfected over 25 years by gifted linguist and teacher michel thomas, and provide an accelerated method for language learning that is truly revolutionary. lessons 1 - 8, the beginner course : this course makes no assumption of knowledge of any language other than english and gives the beginner practical and functional use of the spoken language. it is also appropriate for anyone who has studied polish before, but has forgotten much of it or does not have confidence in speaking. the beginner course is designed to take you from complete beginner to intermediate level. lessons 9 - 12, the intermediate course : this course is for those with an intermediate - level foundation in polish, or those who have completed lessons 1 - 8 and want to take their learning to an advanced level and speak polish proficiently and easily. how does it work? unlike most language courses that focus around topics or grammar forms, the michel thomas method works by breaking a language down into its component parts, enabling you to reconstruct the language yourself - to form your own sentences, to say what you want, when you want. within the first 10 minutes of the course, you will be generating complete sentences on your own. it is important that you complete the lessons in order. the method is successful because it builds on the language you learn in each lesson and ' recycles ' language taught in earlier lessons, allowing you to build ever - more complicated sentences. because the method is based on understanding, not memorisation, there is no set limit to the length of time that you should study each lesson. once you feel you have a good grasp of the language taught in one lesson, you can move on to the next. in lesson 7 of the polish beginner course, you ’ ll be able to use reflexive verbs and speak about the past with … - nouns : ' visa ', ' reservation ', ' observation ', ' operation ', ' organisation ', ' son ' - pronouns : ' your ' ( formal, singular ), ' his ', ' her ' ( sense ' her coffee ' ), ' oneself ', ' your ' ( informal, singular ), ' each other ', ' her ' ( sense ' for her ' ), ' him ' ( sense ' for him ' )


' her ' ( sense ' her coffee ' ), ' oneself ', ' your ' ( informal, singular ), ' each other ', ' her ' ( sense ' for her ' ), ' him ' ( sense ' for him ' ) - verbs : ' to feel ' ( = ' to have oneself ' ), ' to be called ' ( = ' to call oneself ' ), ' to learn ' ( = ' to teach oneself ' ), ' to get ready ' ( = ' to prepare oneself ' ), ' to start ( itself ) ', ' to find out ' ( = ' to make oneself know ' ), ' to get / become ' ( = ' to make itself ' ), ' to know ( somebody / something ) ' - social communications : ' how are you? ' ( = ' how do you have yourself? ' ), ' how does one say it? ' ( = ' how does it speak itself? ' ), ' i am cold ' ( = ' to me it is cold ' ; ' it is ' can be omitted ) - adverbs : ' cold, colder ', ' warm, warmer ', ' yesterday ' - adjective : ' busy / engaged / occupied ' - how to use the possessive pronouns ' your ' ( formal ), ' his ', ' her ' - forming verbs from nouns ending in ation ( acja in polish ) - verb endings for ' they ' and ' you ' ( formal, plural ) form - commands in the plural - using reflexive verbs - the past tense : formation ; endings affected by gender ; usage ( translates english ' i bought ' and ' i have bought ' ) - past - tense endings for ' i ', ' he / she / it ', ' you ' ( singular, formal ) - past tense of impersonal expressions ( e. g. ' to me it was cold ' = ' i was cold ' ). in the next lesson you ’ ll learn more about the past tense, including detachable past - tense endings and tense in reported speech. ©2013 michel thomas ( p ) 2013 hodder & stoughton there are no listener reviews for this title yet. report inappropriate content if you find this review inappropriate and think it should be removed from our site, let us know. this report will be reviewed by audible and we will take appropriate action.


click image to enlarge linus torvalds likes penguins, which is why " tux, " the linux penguin, is both official mascot and logo for linux. red hat linux includes two types of desktop managers : gnome and, as shown here, kde. it almost looks like the standard microsoft windows graphical user interface. that ' s almost the point : people are used to the graphical interface with its icons, windows, pulldown menus, application launcher, panel ( what ' s called the " taskbar " in windows ), applets, and such. but behind the desktop is the linux kernel — the operating system — complete with true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, tcp / ip networking, multi - user capability, and load balancing. ( source : red hat, inc. ) why would ibm, msc. software, and a whole bunch of other hardware and software suppliers get " pretty excited " about the linux operating system ( os )? try low cost and reliability, multi - platform support, world - wide popularity ( and potential for high - volume sales ), and open source accelerating innovation. for these same reasons, you might want to not only get excited about linux, but consider it in your information technology ( it ) strategy. what is linux? linux is a free, unix - like os developed by linus torvalds while he was a student at the university of helsinki in 1991. ( in fact, " linux " is a fusion of " linus " and " unix. " ) software developers worldwide have been refining linux ever since. linux is now developed under the gnu general public license and its source code is freely available to everyone, although its assorted distributions might not be free from software companies and other developers. linux is not unix ; it was written from scratch. both follow posix standards ( portable operating system interface for unix ). and like unix, linux is a more technology - oriented os ; that is, it doesn ' t quite have the ease - of - use slickness of microsoft ' s windows and apple macintosh oss. however, those oss don ' t necessarily have linux ' s true multitasking, virtual memory, shared libraries, tcp / ip networking, multi - user capability, and load balancing fea - tures. nor do they, like linux, intrinsically support computing environments that can scale horizontally and vertically — from embedded devices, desktops and web servers, all the way up to cluster computing environments. why so popular? there are


fea - tures. nor do they, like linux, intrinsically support computing environments that can scale horizontally and vertically — from embedded devices, desktops and web servers, all the way up to cluster computing environments. why so popular? there are several reasons for the worldwide popularity of linux during the past two years, according to deepak m. advani, vice president of linux strategy and market development for ibm corporation ( somers, ny ). first, the linux total cost of ownership is relatively small. you don ' t have to pay a license or royalty for the os. better, it can run on inexpensive, non - proprietary, commodity hardware ( read " intel " and " amd " desktop computers ). user companies that lease their computers can trade in these machines every six months or so for a faster machine — and with linux. " computer users can actually save money by making a decision to install linux tomorrow, " says michael tiemann, chief technology officer ( cto ) of red hat, inc. ( durham, nc ). from a hardware perspective, linux is very efficient ; it doesn ' t require a lot of cpu resources. " the things people have been able to do with old and refurbished desktop computers with red hat linux and the other utilities that come with it is just mind boggling, " continues tiemann. linux is reliable. once you deploy a linux - based solution, it just runs. no reboots every week or so to flush out memory, eliminate dll corruptions, or reset pointers. linux preserves users ' investments in skills and applications because it can be installed just about everywhere. linux is the only os that runs on all " intel inside " and amd platforms ; powerpc, risc, and alpha processors ; as well as on mainframes and ibm as / 400s. " users like that ; they ' re not locked to any given vendor, " says advani. there ' s also a " macro - economic trend " to consider, advani is quick to point out. " universities are deploying linux — pervasively and aggressively. many of today ' s students will not only run the it systems in the future, but they will make many of the it decisions. " tiemann agrees, relating a conversation he had with the cto of a tier - 1 automaker. " i asked him if he was running red hat at home, and he said, ‘ of course! ' " as open - source software, the linux source code is freely available


he had with the cto of a tier - 1 automaker. " i asked him if he was running red hat at home, and he said, ‘ of course! ' " as open - source software, the linux source code is freely available for examination, modification, and redistribution. nobody really owns that source code ( although the name " linux " is a registered trademark of linus torvalds ). anyone can use it ; anyone can change it, fix bugs, add new features. the only caveat is that software changes are relinquished for everybody to share and use. " one of the interesting things about linux and the open source development model is that programmers are reluctant to write poor implementations that will reflect poorly on their abilities, " says tiemann. to this, advani adds that ibm sees open source accelerating innovation. " it ' s a mechanism to bring together some of the brightest minds in the software industry, collaborating through the power of the internet, to develop a world - class os. " a hardware vendor ' s perspective ibm ' s assumption is that if linux is this ubiquitous, ibm should have linux running on all its " e - server platforms. " ( these are rebranded ibm servers. for instance, the as / 400 is now the iseries — " i " stands for integrated ; mainframes are the zseries — " z " for near - zero downtime. ) of course, linux runs on ibm ' s intel - based netfinity series ( now xseries ). it also runs on ibm ' s other platforms, including ibm mainframes. why would anyone want that? universities, for instance, using ibm ' s vm ( virtual machine ) os, can run tens of thousands of linux instances on one mainframe. this not only gives the university ' s students their own dedicated linux - based computer, it also increases the utilization of the mainframe. on the industrial side, user companies love the reliability and manageability of their mainframes and the distributed computing model that ibm gives them. but these companies want to run modern, internet - based applications on those very same mainframes. linux makes that possible. a software vendor ' s perspective unlike ibm, msc. software is pushing software — computationally intensive software. specifically, finite element analysis ( fea ). msc. software ' s goal is to take big computational jobs — crash analysis using fea is an excellent example — and " parallelizing " them so they run much, much faster across multiple processors or some form of


element analysis ( fea ). msc. software ' s goal is to take big computational jobs — crash analysis using fea is an excellent example — and " parallelizing " them so they run much, much faster across multiple processors or some form of cluster computing environment. " by taking this really big problem, dividing it into smaller problems, and orchestrating that solution, we can do that job a lot faster, " says jay clark, director of marketing and business development for msc. software ( costa mesa, ca ). however, " linking several computers together does not become cost - effective unless you use commodity hardware. linux lets you use commodity hardware with all the traditional strength of the os, such as multi - user and multitasking with low overhead and high security, so you can get the job done faster and a lot less expensively. " this is exactly what was found at dana corp. ' s spicer axle div. ( toledo, oh ), the world ' s leading independent axle and component manufacturer. running linux - based msc. nastran and msc. patran across multiple intel processors, spicer engineers found that individual analysis jobs ran two to ten times faster, depending on the physics behind the problem being solved. in general, the engineers found the intel - / linux - based cluster computing environment ran approximately three times faster and at half the cost of other simulation environments. ( by the way, herein lies linux ' s real threat to microsoft. forget " better " software, though that ' s a hard one to forget. forget less expensive software ; ditto. ground zero is in web - based and distributed computing environments, including cluster computing. microsoft very much wants to own the defacto os that fuels these environments. ) what about unix? unix has traditionally, and technologically, provided high - end cad / cam, points out tiemann. but it does so with a price tag five to ten times what you would pay using linux running on intel hardware. so not surprisingly, traditional unix applications are now showing up on linux. happily, migrating unix applications to linux is a fairly easy port. does this then spell the end of unix? hardly. computing will continue to be a heterogeneous world, says advani ; all platforms will have a key role to play. and, alas, linux still has some limitations. it is not yet ready to be your high - volume, mission - critical os, continues advani. " i look at oss from a workload perspective. what work


role to play. and, alas, linux still has some limitations. it is not yet ready to be your high - volume, mission - critical os, continues advani. " i look at oss from a workload perspective. what workload do you want to deploy? is linux ready for that workload? for high - end databases requiring 16 - or 32 - way symmetric multiprocessing ( smp ) capability, you need low levels of failure over time. that requires sophisticated workload management and scheduling. some of those capabilities aren ' t in linux today. " linux in automotive linux has already made inroads to automotive. it is being used for servers of all types ( such as file, print, and web servers ). automotive ' s follow - the - sun engineering, as well as customer service and dealership, environments epitomize the distributed enterprise, and linux is already running some of those applications. moreover, automotive has traditionally used unix - based cluster computing for its high - end design engineering and simulation applications, such as computational fluid dynamics and crash analysis. by the way, the national center for supercomputing applications ( ncsa ), which, says tiemann, runs some of the " mother of all finite element analyses " problems, is building two tera - scale computers — both of which are running linux, the larger of the two running red hat linux. " if your readers don ' t consider linux in their next compute environment, they ' re going to be making a big mistake, " concludes clark. enter " linux " in your favorite search engine and your computer is bound to become overloaded with hits. besides e - visiting the three suppliers mentioned in this article at www. ibm. com, www. mscsoftware. com, and www. redhat. com, trawl over to www. linux. org for lots of information about linux, as well as links to even more information. for information about non - proprietary work on real - time and embedded linux, go over towww. puffinplc. org. there are other real - time linux projects going on, proprietary and non - proprietary ; enter " linux real time " in a search engine to see. if you can ' t quite replace your windows - based software with linux equivalents, visit the wine development headquarters at www. winehq. com for software that lets windows applications run on linux. keep in mind there ' s a lot of activity going on now in porting,


this page contains some audio files. you can press this button here to test your sound settings. read our help pages for more information in case our sound feature does not work for you. the verb ' tener ' and its uses you can use the verb ' tener ' ( to have ) in spanish to express the fact that someone has or owns something. | 1st | | yo tengo | | nosotros tenemos | | 2nd | | tu tienes | | vosotros teneis | | 3rd | | el / ella tiene | | ellos / ellas tienen | | tengo un perro. | | i have a dog. | | ¿ tiene pablo un carro nuevo? | | does pablo have a new car? | | tienen unos discos fantasticos. | | they have some fantastic records. | here are some expressions with ' tener ' to tell someone, what disease someone else has. | tener gripe | | to have the flu | | tener catarro | | to have a cold | | tener fiebre | | to have fever | | tener tos | | to have a cough | | tener dolor de cabeza | | to have a headache | | tener dolor de estomago | | to have a stomachache | | tener dolor de garganta | | to have a sore throat | | tener dolor de muelas | | tener dolor de espalda | | to have a backache | | ¿ tienes dolor de cabeza? | | do you have a headache? | | no tengo catarro. | | i don ' t have a cold. | to tell someone that you have to do something, you can use a form of ' tener ' plus the preposition ' que ' plus an infinitive. sort of like ' you have ( tener ) to do your homework! '. | tengo que practicar ahora. | | i have to practice now. | | tienen que ir al supermercado. | | they have to go to the supermarket. | finally you can use ' tener ' ( to have ) as well to indicate that you fell like doing something. therefore, take the right form of ' tener ' plus the expression ' ganas de ' plus an infinitive : | tenemos ganas de dar un paseo. | |


your baby now weighs almost 430g, measures about 28cm long from crown to heel. your baby ' s legs aren ' t curled up so tightly to her tummy now. this means she can be measured from the top of her head to her heels, instead of her bottom. she is proportioned like a newborn, albeit a thinner version since her baby fat hasn ' t yet developed. although she ' s getting heavier every day, her skin still appears wrinkled and translucent because she needs to gain more weight. her lips are distinct and her eyes are formed, though the coloured part ( the iris ) still lacks pigment. the pancreas, essential in the production of hormones, is developing steadily. even this early, the first signs of teeth appear in the form of tooth buds beneath her gum line. before you know it, your baby will be born, and soon after, her first teeth will come through. you ' ve probably gained between 5. 5kg and 7kg. starting now, you ' ll begin to put on weight more steadily, averaging about 225g per week. you may crave certain foods and you may notice an increased ( but not bloody ) vaginal discharge. both are a normal part of being pregnant. is your partner feeling left out? tell him about our community where he can compare notes with other dads - to - be. note : every baby develops differently. this page is designed to give a general idea of how a fetus grows in the uterus. see your previous stage : 21 weeks pregnant see your next stage : 23 weeks pregnant referencesthis article was written using the following sources : hill m. 2009. development week by week. university of new south wales embryology. embryology. med. unsw. edu. au [ accessed august 2009 ] medline. 2009. fetal development. medline plus medical encyclopedia. www. nlm. nih. gov [ accessed august 2009 ] visembryo. 2006. pregnancy timeline. the visible embryo. www. visembryo. com [ accessed august 2009 ]


a chemical pregnancy is another word for a very early miscarriage or spontaneous abortion which aborts prior to seeing the fetus. a chemical pregnancy is a pregnancy that has been confirmed by a pregnancy test ( either blood or urine ), but there are no other significant clinical signs of the pregnancy and there is nothing seen on ultrasound. the urine pregnancy test is often faintly positive or blood hcg levels are very low and don ' t increase appropriately. it is believed that fertilization occurs, but that the egg has died shortly after implantation. using beta - hcg blood testing, a woman can test positive for pregnancy as early as 1 - 2 days before a menstrual period is missed, usually 11 or 12 days after conception. although the blood test can detect a very low hcg level that indicates pregnancy a few days before a period, two to three days later, a period may start. without the test, most women would never have known they were briefly pregnant. a chemical pregnancy happens much more frequently than most people expect, probably up to 30 - 40 % of all pregnancies end up in a chemical pregnancy, and without early testing, most women would never have known about it. if the pregnancy develops for several more weeks, a sac forms, but without an embryo. that ' s called a ' blighted ovum '.


henry gray ( 18251861 ). anatomy of the human body. 1918. hiatus in the diaphragm. at its commencement, it is situated on the left of the vertebral column ; it approaches the median line as it descends ; and, at its termination, lies directly in front of the column. the vessel describes a curve which is concave forward, and as the branches given off from it are small, its diminution in size is inconsiderable. relations. it is in relation, anteriorly, from above downward, with the root of the left lung, the pericardium, the esophagus, and the diaphragm ; posteriorly, with the vertebral column and the hemiazygos veins ; on the right side, with the azygos vein and thoracic duct ; on the left side, with the left pleura and lung. the esophagus, with its accompanying plexus of nerves, lies on the right side of the aorta above ; but at the lower part of the thorax it is placed in front of the aorta, and, close to the diaphragm, is situated on its left side. peculiarities. the aorta is occasionally found to be obliterated at the junction of the arch with the thoracic aorta, just below the ductus arteriosus. whether this is the result of disease, or of congenital malformation, is immaterial to our present purpose ; it affords an interesting opportunity of observing the resources of the collateral circulation. the course of the anastomosing


| 4 | | the indian ocean about the indian ocean the indian ocean is the third largest ocean in the world and it covers 73 million square kilometers. this is the warmest ocean, rich in various flora and fauna. the deepest place in the indian ocean is the java basin, located south of the island of java. its depth is of 7450 m. it is int... | 4 | | the arctic ocean the arctic ocean - the realm of ice and silence the arctic ocean, which lies between canada and siberia, is the smallest ocean on the planet. it is the most mysterious, because it is almost completely hidden under a huge layer of ice. the arctic ocean basin divides into two underwater thresholds. the... | 3 | | the pacific ocean in the xv century, people called it " the great ocean, " and it was already assumed that it is an ocean of boundless amount. and they were right, because the area of the pacific ocean is more than 178. 620 million km ². it occupies half of the entire water surface of the earth, and over thirty percent of the planet ' s surface. the spanish conquistador vasco nunez de balboa found the ocean for the first time. on october 2, in 1513 he reac... oceans the oceans of the world the world ' s oceans the planet ' s oceans ocean tours water surface on the planet underwater world hydrosphere water water surface the role of oceans in the world the world ocean oceanography the earth ' s four oceans the atlantic ocean the indian ocean the pacific ocean the arctic ocean deep waters the deeepest ocean in the world the smallest ocean in the world currents movements of the water salt water the formation of seas and oceans on the planet water area


if what has been already said shows the carnal policy of rome at the expense of truth, the circumstances attending the festival of the assumption show the daring wickedness and blasphemy of that church still more ; considering that the doctrine in regard to this festival, so far as the papacy is concerned, was not established in the dark ages, but three centuries after the reformation, amid all the boasted light of the nineteenth century. the doctrine on which the festival of the assumption is founded, is this : that the virgin mary saw no corruption, that in body and in soul she was carried up to heaven, and now is invested with all power in heaven and in earth. this doctrine has been unblushingly avowed in the face of the british public, in a recent pastoral of the popish archbishop of dublin. this doctrine has now received the stamp of papal infallibility, having been embodied in the late blasphemous decree that proclaims the " immaculate conception. " now, it is impossible for the priests of rome to find one shred of countenance for such a doctrine in scripture. but, in the babylonian system, the fable was ready made to their hand. there it was taught that bacchus went down to hell, rescued his mother from the infernal powers, and carried her with him in triumph to heaven. * * apollodorus. we have seen that the great goddess, who was worshipped in babylon as " the mother, " was in reality the wife of ninus, the great god, the prototype of bacchus. in conformity with this, we find a somewhat similar story told of ariadne, the wife of bacchus, as is fabled of semele his mother. " the garment of thetis, " says bryant, " contained a description of some notable achievements in the first ages ; and a particular account of the apotheosis, of ariadne, who is described, whatever may be the meaning of it, as carried by bacchus to heaven. " a similar story is told of alcmene, the mother of the grecian hercules, who was quite distinct, as we have seen, from the primitive hercules, and was just one of the forms of bacchus, for he was a " great tippler " ; and the " herculean goblets " are proverbial. ( muller ' s dorians ) now the mother of this hercules is said to have had a resurrection. "


hell, under the name of " the holy virgin, " we find pausanias, while describing the grove carnasius, thus bearing testimony : " this grove contains a statue of apollo carneus, of mercury carrying a ram, and of proserpine, the daughter of ceres, who is called ' the holy virgin. ' " the purity of this " holy virgin " did not consist merely in freedom from actual sin, but she was especially distinguished for her " immaculate conception " ; for proclus says, " she is called core, through the purity of her essence, and her undefiled transcendency in her generations. " do men stand amazed at the recent decree? there is no real reason to wonder. it was only in following out the pagan doctrine previously adopted and interwoven with the whole system of rome to its logical consequences, that that decree has been issued, and that the madonna of rome has been formally pronounced at last, in every sense of the term, absolutely " immaculate. " now, after all this, is it possible to doubt that the madonna of rome, with the child in her arms, and the madonna of babylon, are one and the same goddess? it is notorious that the roman madonna is worshipped as a goddess, yea, is the supreme object of worship. will not, then, the christians of britain revolt at the idea of longer supporting this monstrous babylonian paganism? what christian constituency could tolerate that its representative should vote away the money of this protestant nation for the support of such blasphemous idolatry? * * it is to be lamented that christians in general seem to have so little sense either of the gravity of the present crisis of the church and the world, or of the duty lying upon them as christ ' s witnesses, to testify, and that practically, against the public sins of the nation. if they would wish to be stimulated to a more vigorous discharge of duty in this respect, let them read an excellent and well - timed little work recently issued from the press, entitled an original interpretation of the apocalypse, where the apocalyptic statements in regard to the character, life, death, and resurrection of the two witnesses, are briefly but forcibly handled. were not the minds of men judicially blinded, they would tremble at the very thought of incurring the guilt that this land, by upholding the corruption and wickedness of rome, has for years past been contracting. has not the word of god, in the most energetic and awful terms, doomed


would tremble at the very thought of incurring the guilt that this land, by upholding the corruption and wickedness of rome, has for years past been contracting. has not the word of god, in the most energetic and awful terms, doomed the new testament babylon? and has it not equally declared, that those who share in babylon ' s sins, shall share in babylon ' s plagues? ( rev 18 : 4 ) the guilt of idolatry is by many regarded as comparatively slight and insignificant guilt. but not so does the god of heaven regard it. which is the commandment of all the ten that is fenced about with the most solemn and awful sanctions? it is the second : " thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in the heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth : thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them : for i the lord thy god am a jealous god, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me. " these words were spoken by god ' s own lips, they were written by god ' s own finger on the tables of stone : not for the instruction of the seed of abraham only, but of all the tribes and generations of mankind. no other commandment has such a threatening attached to it as this. now, if god has threatened to visit the sin of idolatry above all other sins, and if we find the heavy judgments of god pressing upon us as a nation, while this very sin is crying to heaven against us, ought it not to be a matter of earnest inquiry, if among all our other national sins, which are both many and great, this may not form " the very head and front of our offending "? what though we do not ourselves bow down to stocks and stones? yet if we, making a profession the very opposite, encourage, and foster, and maintain that very idolatry which god has so fearfully threatened with his wrath, our guilt, instead of being the less, is only so much the greater, for it is a sin against the light. now, the facts are manifest to all men. it is notorious, that in 1845 anti - christian idolatry was incorporated in the british constitution, in a way in which for a century and a half it had not been incorporated before. it is equally notorious, that ever


manifest to all men. it is notorious, that in 1845 anti - christian idolatry was incorporated in the british constitution, in a way in which for a century and a half it had not been incorporated before. it is equally notorious, that ever since, the nation has been visited with one succession of judgments after another. ought we then to regard this coincidence as merely accidental? ought we not rather to see in it the fulfilment of the threatening pronounced by god in the apocalypse? this is at this moment an intensely practical subject. if our sin in this matter is not nationally recognised, if it is not penitently confessed, if it is not put away from us ; if, on the contrary, we go on increasing it, if now for the first time since the revolution, while so manifestly dependent on the god of battles for the success of our arms, we affront him to his face by sending idol priests into our camp, then, though we have national fasts, and days of humiliation without number, they cannot be accepted ; they may procure us a temporary respite, but we may be certain that " the lord ' s anger will not be turned away, his hand will be stretched out still. " * * the above paragraph first appeared in the spring of 1855, when the empire had for months been looking on in amazement at the " horrible and heart - rending " disasters in the crimea, caused simply by the fact, that official men in that distant region " could not find their hands, " and when at last a day of humiliation had been appointed. the reader can judge whether or not the events that have since occurred have made the above reasoning out of date. the few years of impunity that have elapsed since the indian mutiny, with all its horrors, was suppressed, show the long - suffering of god. but if that long - suffering is despised ( which it manifestly is, while the guilt is daily increasing ), the ultimate issue must just be so much the more terrible.