augustine chihuri. on february 14, police arrested and detained a blind roman catholic nun in harare along with thirty - nine other women for participating in a valentine ' s day march for peace sponsored by women of zimbabwe arise! ( woza ). police also beat and arrested a priest, fr. nigel johnson, for filming a similar march on the same day in bulawayo. on february 13, police prevented a public meeting at the northside community church in harare, which was supposed to address churches ' role in the country ' s political crisis. police arrested the president of the evangelical fellowship of zimbabwe ( efz ), bishop trevor manhanga, along with seven other people and detained them for several hours. in late may 2002, local government minister ignatius chombo prompted war veterans in binga district, matabeleland north province, to close down the food distribution efforts of the catholic commission for justice and peace ( ccjp ), which was the only source of food for many rural residents in the binga district. chombo criticized the ccjp for establishing local structures parallel to the government ' s structures. war veterans continued to block the food from leaving ccjp ' s warehouse at the end of the period covered by this report, preventing food deliveries to hospital patients and school children. in february 2002, police arrested father kevin o ' doherty and eight others participating in a prayer processional to police headquarters in bulawayo. they were charged with contravening the newly - passed public order and security act, but the charges later were dropped. during the 2002 presidential election campaign, the state - controlled daily newspaper in bulawayo printed false accusations against archbishop pius ncube, including that he distributed sexually explicit material to prisoners, following his remarks criticizing the government ' s violent campaign tactics. at a campaign rally in february 2002, president mugabe claimed ncube had " political tentacles " and supported the opposition after the archbishop resisted government attempts to take over the catholic - run st. luke ' s hospital. during the period covered by this report, ncube reportedly received anonymous death threats, and intimidating visits by suspected officers from the central intelligence organisation ( cio ). in august 2001, gabriel mcguire, an irish catholic priest in harare, was declared a prohibited person and deported. no official reason was given ; however, church members speculated that the government took exception to his sermons in which he made generic statements about citizens ' " right to have a voice. " paul andrianatos, a greek orthodox priest


person and deported. no official reason was given ; however, church members speculated that the government took exception to his sermons in which he made generic statements about citizens ' " right to have a voice. " paul andrianatos, a greek orthodox priest with south african citizenship who was ordered to leave the country in march 2001, remained outside the country at the end of the period covered by this report. there were no reports of religious prisoners or detainees. forced religious conversion there were no reports of forced religious conversion, including of minor u. s. citizens who had been abducted or illegally removed from the united states, or of the refusal to allow such citizens to be returned to the united states. section iii. societal attitudes the generally amicable relations between the various religious communities contributed to religious freedom. the muslim, jewish, hindu, baha ' i, and buddhist religious communities are relatively small and generally are not in competition with christian denominations for converts. catholic church officials say that they welcome interfaith dialog with muslims. there are at least four umbrella religious organizations primarily focused on interdenominational dialog among christians and other inter - religious activities. muslims are not represented in any of these organizations, and there is no vehicle for formal christian - muslim dialog ; however, informal dialog occurs from time to time. a few muslims have complained of discrimination by private employers who refuse to allow them sufficient time to worship at their mosques on fridays. the zimbabwe council of churches ( zcc ) is an umbrella organization of all non - catholic ecumenical christian missionary churches except for evangelical organizations. it maintains a secretariat in harare, conducts development programs, has a justice and peace desk, and collaborates with the much older ccjp. the catholic church and the zimbabwe catholic bishops ' conference have observer status within the zcc, and relations generally are cooperative. some members of the christian community are hesitant to support catholics joining the zcc because of memories of the inability of religious leaders to work together during the liberation war era, and they fear a repeat of that experience. the zcc also has worked with other church groups and civil society organizations on social issues. the zcc traditionally was supportive of president mugabe, but it has become more critical as a result of the government ' s politicization of food distribution and campaign of violent intimidation against opposition supporters. the heads of denominations ( hod ) is a pragmatic association of catholic and other christian denominations that has no spiritual or theological emphasis. it was created to enable collaboration among christian groups and the government in the operation


of violent intimidation against opposition supporters. the heads of denominations ( hod ) is a pragmatic association of catholic and other christian denominations that has no spiritual or theological emphasis. it was created to enable collaboration among christian groups and the government in the operation of religious schools and hospitals. the hod provides a vehicle for christian churches to speak to the government with a common voice on policy issues and includes the catholic church, which operates a significant number of the rural hospitals and schools in the country. the hod has a loose structure and no office. the hod ' s secretarial support is provided by the general secretariat of the zimbabwe catholic bishops ' conference ( zcbc ), and its secretary general holds the same position in the zcbc. the education secretaries of the various churches work together under the hod, as does the religious advisory board to the zbc. this broad grouping of churches under the hod also collaborates on a wide range of social issues including hiv / aids education, and, in conjunction with the zcc, the christian churches have addressed the declining economic conditions affecting their members across the country. the hod continues to deliberate over the role religious institutions should play in combating the hiv / aids crisis. many churches already operate programs designed to help the victims of hiv / aids ; for example, the catholic church and other religious and lay persons operate a center for persons infected with hiv / aids called " mashambanzou " in harare. the evangelical fellowship of zimbabwe ( efz ) is an umbrella organization of loosely affiliated evangelical churches that was established in the early 1980s. the fellowship has observer status with the hod but in general does not work closely with either the zcc or catholic church. however, the evangelical and catholic churches do collaborate in the broadcasting of religious programs. during the period covered by this report, the zcc, zcbc and efz issued public statements strongly critical of the government for its campaign of violent intimidation against opposition supporters, campaign to politicize food distribution, corruption, and failure to guide zimbabwe out of crisis, also calling for leadership and a spirit of tolerance and reconciliation. privately the leaders of those organizations lamented that the government prevented them from using existing regional church structures to import and distribute food aid in the midst of a famine. several key church leaders and organizations strongly criticized the state - sanctioned, politically motivated crimes and violence during the period before and after the march 2002 presidential election and urged the government to restore peace in the country. since the 2000 parliamentary elections, church


a famine. several key church leaders and organizations strongly criticized the state - sanctioned, politically motivated crimes and violence during the period before and after the march 2002 presidential election and urged the government to restore peace in the country. since the 2000 parliamentary elections, church groups throughout the country gradually have become more vocal in their criticism of the government for the continuation of politically motivated violence. in a july 30, 2001, address to regional catholic bishops, president mugabe stated that the roman catholic church should support the government ' s land acquisition program and criticized it for " equivocating in the face of racial injustice. " in january 2002, zimbabwe council of churches general - secretary denison mafinyane severely criticized the government for unleashing a " reign of terror " against innocent citizens. in a may 5, 2002, address to the 10th synod session of the anglican diocese of manicaland, bishop sebastian bakare criticized politicians who say there is peace in the country when citizens continue to suffer from political violence at the hands of ruling party supporters. in late 2000 and early 2001, pius ncube, the roman catholic archbishop of bulawayo, stayed in germany for several months after receiving numerous death threats for writing public letters accusing the government of fueling political violence and urging citizens to exercise their right to vote. the vatican reportedly demanded that the government take steps to ensure the archbishop ' s safety. in 2000 anglican priest tim neill of harare received a death threat letter signed by ngonidzashe mutasa, the secretary general of the revival of african conscience, a previously unknown organization with no established following or platform. the police later apprehended mutasa, who was tried and found guilty in september 2000 ; however, mutasa was released in october 2000 under a general presidential amnesty for politically motivated crimes. father neill left the priesthood in july 2001 after the government forced him to resign as vicar general of harare and bypassed canonical law to install norbert kunonga, a staunch mugabe supporter, as anglican bishop of harare. other priests reportedly have left the diocese because of kunonga ' s sermons supporting mugabe ' s reelection and the sometimes violent expulsion of mostly white commercial farmers from their land. in late february 2002, zanu - pf supporters beat three catholic priests, two catholic nuns, and a catholic brother in zaka after they met with u. s. officials. the perpetrators said the fact that the religious figures had met with u. s. diplomats suggested they were opposition supporters. although local ruling party officials


, two catholic nuns, and a catholic brother in zaka after they met with u. s. officials. the perpetrators said the fact that the religious figures had met with u. s. diplomats suggested they were opposition supporters. although local ruling party officials later apologized to the victims, the perpetrators were not charged with any crime. several prominent evangelical, roman catholic and protestant bishops, however, did collaborate in an attempt to bring the ruling and opposition parties back to the negotiating table to re - start dialog aimed at resolving the country ' s political crisis during the period covered by this report. another area of ecumenical collaboration has been translation of the bible into the majority language, shona. several priests and ministers have worked on this project since 1987. fambidzano, which means " walking together, " is a relatively new grouping of indigenous churches. a south african dutch reformed church theologian and social anthropologist, inus daneel, who has researched these churches in south africa and zimbabwe, founded the organization in the mid - 1970 ' s. fambidzano was created to give the leaders of these churches more theological and biblical education, according to daneel. there is little dialog between fambidzano and the catholic church ; however, the two organizations are discussing the need to work with the indigenous churches, to which many persons are turning because of their emphasis on physical healing and spiritual salvation. zinatha is an organization that represents traditional indigenous religions. the head of that organization is a university professor and vocal anglican who is working to increase interreligious dialog between zinatha and mainstream christian churches. in 2002 zinatha members formed the traditional medical practitioners council to certify and oversee traditional healers. there were continuing reports of tensions between mainstream christian churches and practitioners of traditional indigenous religions. a notable feature of some of the indigenous churches is the acceptance of polygamy among some of its members. sexual abuse, the spread of hiv / aids, and the avoidance of modern medicines also are growing problems within these churches. in addition leaders of the christian churches reportedly opposed the repeal or modification of the wsa sought by practitioners of traditional indigenous religions. there were no reports of ritual murders associated with traditional religious practices during the period covered by this report, and the government generally enforces the law against murder in the case of ritual murders. gordon chavanduka, chairman of zinatha, reportedly has stated that the black - market demand for human body parts used in making potions has increased greatly in recent years. during the period covered by


murder in the case of ritual murders. gordon chavanduka, chairman of zinatha, reportedly has stated that the black - market demand for human body parts used in making potions has increased greatly in recent years. during the period covered by this report, there were no reports that persons killed children for body parts for use in healing rituals associated with traditional religions. in 1999 faber chidarikire, a zimbabwe african national union - patriotic front ( zanu - pf ) official and mayor of the northern town of chinhoyi, was charged with murdering a 13 - year - old girl in 1987, but he was released on bail shortly thereafter following intervention by the attorney general. chidarikire was tried for the murder of the girl in june 2001, and on july 22, 2002 the high court acquitted him. section iv. u. s. government policy the u. s. government discusses religious freedom issues with the government in the context of its overall dialog and policy of promoting human rights. the u. s. government further supports religious and other constitutionally protected freedoms through demarches to the government ; nondenominational financial support for community development projects, which often are associated with religious institutions ; and regular dialog with and support for civil society organizations that advocate and monitor respect for human rights, including freedom of religion. the embassy meets regularly with leaders of religious communities, including minority groups, and with nongovernmental organizations that work on issues of religious freedom.


a geological tour of tumbledown mountain on any given fine - weather day in any of the four seasons, tumbledown mountain in township 6 north of weld ( figure 1 ), is visited by scores of people ; most in pursuit of the excellent views afforded by the bald peaks, and perhaps a few mistakenly seeking the solitude of a wilderness experience. while a few individuals may come specifically to look at the beautifully exposed bedrock here, over the course of an outing almost every visitor will develop some interest in the rocks if for no other reason than its near constant exposure along some of the popular summit trails. it is easy to guess the origin of the name " tumbledown " simply by viewing the south side of the mountain from any of the trails that lead to the summit. cliffs of several hundred feet bear the scars, old and new, of rock slides that have left piles of rubble ( talus ) at their bases ( figure 2 ). western maine is underlain by a regular sequence of layered metamorphic rocks which began their existence as layers of sand and mud on the edge of an ocean basin about 430 million years ago. as these sediments accumulated over millions of years, through a number of processes they gradually hardened into sandstone and shale. during the last great mountain building event that helped form the northern appalachians about 415 million years ago, these layers were folded, thrust upward, and heated. great masses of molten rock formed at depth and moved upward through the contorted layers of rock, cooling into solid rock some distance below the surface. hundreds of millions of years of erosion have now exposed the resulting granites and granodiorites at the surface of the earth. | let ' s look at some examples of these rocks. figure 3 is a photograph showing some of the thinner layers of schist and granofels that can be found near tumbledown pond. the lighter layers are quartz - feldspar granofels, and the darker layers are andalusite schist. note that while each light layer begins with a very sharp boundary on the right, there is only a gradual change to the corresponding dark layer on the left. this is a characteristic carried over from the sedimentary origins of the rock and is referred to as graded bedding. when the sediments that formed this rock were deposited, the actions of water flow were such that the coarser sand grains ( quartz and feldspar ) fell to the bottom first, followed by progressively smaller grains. deposited last during each sedimentary event were very small grains of clay, before the next slug of


the actions of water flow were such that the coarser sand grains ( quartz and feldspar ) fell to the bottom first, followed by progressively smaller grains. deposited last during each sedimentary event were very small grains of clay, before the next slug of sediment came down and the process began anew. geologists use graded beds to determine which direction was originally up in the layers. this is important in determining which are the younger rocks in a sequence. through the process of metamorphism, the quartz and feldspar grains changed little, but the clay grains changed into a variety of minerals including micas, staurolite, and andalusite, the coarsest grains in the rocks today. so, while the grain size of the sediment originally changed from coarse to fine as one moved from right to left in each bed, the grain size change of the metamorphic minerals is just the opposite. there is a good deal of variability in the thickness of layers at tumbledown. figure 4 shows some of the most striking layering exposed near the summit. in many places the layers are several feet thick and continuous for hundreds of feet. in several places on the mountain, large folds are exposed. one of the best examples is between tumbledown pond and the eastern summit of tumbledown mountain ( figure 5 ). these folds developed at the time the northern appalachians were forming, when the rocks today at the surface were at considerable depth and subject to higher temperatures and pressures which were not uniform in all directions. both sides ( limbs ) of the fold are inclined in the same direction in what geologists term an overturned some who have ventured to tumbledown have interpreted the shape of the mountain and the pond nestled among the peaks to be volcanic in origin. while this certainly is an exciting idea, it simply isn ' t true. as we ' ve already explained, the rocks were formed in a sedimentary basin and are not at all volcanic in nature. the landscape or topography is also not of volcanic origin but formed through the interaction of several processes. | the first important factor in defining the topography is the nature of the bedrock, here composed of metamorphic rocks and granite intrusions. from the top of tumbledown, a most striking feature of the landscape is the ring of mountains the completely encircle webb lake to the south ( figure 6 ). webb lake is underlain by granite while the ring of mountains is underlain by metamorphic rocks. in particular, these metamorphic rocks were subjected to even greater heat as the originally molten granite was intruded into


the south ( figure 6 ). webb lake is underlain by granite while the ring of mountains is underlain by metamorphic rocks. in particular, these metamorphic rocks were subjected to even greater heat as the originally molten granite was intruded into them. one consequence of this process is that the metamorphic rocks immediately surrounding the granite are slightly more resistant to erosion than any of the other rocks. granite, with its large crystals and abundant feldspar, is actually fairly susceptible to erosion. the result of all this is the ring of mountains underlain by metamorphic rocks, and the basin of webb lake, underlain by easily eroded granite. at the mount blue state park visitor ' s center there is a plaster model of the landscape which illustrates this ring of mountains well. | the greatest agent of erosion is the glaciers which swept over the landscape just a few tens of thousands of years ago and represent the second most important factor in defining the topography. as the glaciers progressed across the landscape in a southeasterly direction, they scraped soils and weathered rock off the less erodable rock units and deeply gouged the earth in the more erodable rock units. due to the complex processes of glacial flow, in many places the glaciers polished the northern slopes of mountains into rounded shapes, while they plucked broken rock without any polishing on the southern slopes of mountains. this is readily apparent in the landscape at tumbledown. on the summit the rocks are well polished, and there are numerous knobs with smoothly rounded surfaces facing north and steep, unrounded surfaces facing south ( see figure 4 ). tumbledown pond itself ( figure 7 ) was produced by this gouging and plucking action. in many places on the summit, scratches formed by rocks imbedded in the base of the glacier as it advanced across the landscape, point to the northwest from whence the | many trails ( figure 8 ) provide free public access to the summit and tumbledown pond through the auspices and stewardship of the hancock timber resources group, inc. originally published on the web as the april 1998 site of the month. last updated on april 19, 2012


millions of americans travel abroad each year. safety should be a prime consideration for anyone traveling outside the united states. there are certain precautions that travelers can take to improve their safety while abroad. motor vehicle safety while traveling injuries from motor vehicle crashes pose the greatest risk of injury to international travelers, according to the cdc. the risk of death from motor vehicle crashes is many times higher in other countries than in the u. s. inadequate roadway design, hazardous conditions, lack of appropriate vehicles and vehicle maintenance, unskilled or inexperienced drivers, inattention to pedestrians and cyclists, and impairment due to alcohol and drugs all contribute to the increased risk of being involved in a vehicle - related crash while visiting other countries. important safety measures you can take include the following : request a vehicle with safety belts and use them. inspect cars and trucks to make sure that tires, windshield wipers, brakes, and headlights are in good condition. request a vehicle equipped with air bags, where available. avoid nonessential night driving, alcohol, and riding with persons under the influence of alcohol. sit in the back seat, whenever possible, to minimize the risk of death if an accident should occur. bring a car safety seat when traveling with young children. use a safety helmet when riding a bicycle or motorcycle. avoiding animal - or insect - associated hazards in areas where rabies is endemic ( constantly present ), domestic dogs, cats, or other animals should not be petted. wild animals should always be avoided. bites and stings from insects can cause unpleasant reactions, and medical attention should be sought immediately for any bite or sting that causes redness, swelling, bruising, or persistent pain. take extra precautions when camping or staying in rustic or primitive areas by using insect repellents, protective clothing, and mosquito netting. poisonous snakes are another hazard in certain parts of the world, although death from snake bites are rare. never attempt to handle, harass, or kill a snake because bites often occur as a snake ' s defensive reaction. avoiding swimming hazards for infectious disease prevention, only swimming pools that contain chlorinated water are considered safe for swimming. swimming in contaminated water can result in skin, eye, ear, and certain intestinal infections. in certain areas, a fatal form of encephalitis has occurred after swimming in warm, dirty water. other infectious diseases can develop from swimming in freshwater streams, canals, and lakes. to avoid drowning accidents, avoid swimming alone or in unfamiliar waters.


pancreatic carcinoma is cancer of the pancreas. pancreatic cancer ; cancer - pancreas causes, incidence, and risk factors the pancreas is a large organ located behind the stomach. it makes and releases enzymes into the intestines that help the body absorb foods, especially fats. hormones called insulin and glucagon, which help your body control blood sugar levels, are made in special cells in the pancreas called islet cells. tumors can also occur in these cells, but they are called islet cell tumors. the exact cause of pancreatic cancer is unknown. it is more common in : - people with diabetes - people with long - term inflammation of the pancreas ( chronic pancreatitis ) pancreatic cancer is slightly more common in women than in men. the risk increases with age. a small number of cases are related to genetic syndromes that are passed down through families. a tumor or cancer in the pancreas may grow without any symptoms at first. this means pancreatic cancer is often advanced when it is first found. early symptoms of pancreatic cancer include : - dark urine and clay - colored stools - fatigue and weakness - jaundice ( a yellow color in the skin, mucus membranes, or eyes ) - loss of appetite and weight loss - nausea and vomiting - pain or discomfort in the upper part of the belly or abdomen other possible symptoms are : signs and tests this disease may also affect the results of the following tests : because pancreatic cancer is often advanced when it is first found, very few pancreatic tumors can be removed by surgery. the standard surgical procedure is called a pancreaticoduodenectomy ( whipple procedure ). this surgery should be done at centers that perform the procedure often. some studies suggest that surgery is best performed at hospitals that do more than five of these surgeries per year. when the tumor has not spread out of the pancreas but cannot be removed, radiation therapy and chemotherapy together may be recommended. when the tumor has spread ( metastasized ) to other organs such as the liver, chemotherapy alone is usually used. the standard chemotherapy drug is gemcitabine, but other drugs may be used. gemcitabine can help about 25 % of patients. patients whose tumor cannot be totally removed, but who have a blockage of the tubes that transport bile ( biliary obstruction ) must have that blockage relieved. there are two approaches : - placement


working out when to exercise in the cold and flu season is exercising outside in winter months a good idea? ( erik unger, chicago tribune / february 11, 2013 ) health and fitness experts advise to starve a fever of exercise. but feeding a cold moderately, with a brisk walk, may not be a bad idea. " the classic line from every sports medicine doctor is, aif you can do it, do it. if you can ' t, don ' t, ' " said dr. lewis g. maharam, author of " running doc ' s guide to healthy running. " usually if symptoms are confined to above the neck, exercising is ok, he explained. but if you ' re running a fever of 101 degrees fahrenheit ( 38. 3 degrees celsius ) or higher, skip it. body heat rises during exercise due to increased metabolism, explained maharam, who practices medicine in new york city. if you start high, your body ' s way of cooling you down is out of balance. " if fever gets too high, you break down proteins, maybe in the kidneys or liver, " he said. the u. s. centers for disease control and prevention estimates that more than 425 million case of colds and flu occur annually in the united states. the average person has about three respiratory infections per year. dr. david c. nieman, a professor of health sciences at appalachian state university, north carolina research campus, said research shows that regular, moderate aerobic exercise strengthens the immune system, and that people who exercise report fewer colds than their inactive peers. nieman said five days or more of aerobic activity per week was found to be a powerful factor in lowering the number of sick days. " even three to four days was effective. to be avoided was being sedentary, " he explained. but when animals infected with a systemic virus are forced to exercise in fever and pain, studies show that their symptoms are exacerbated, prolonged, and sometimes life - threatening. " it ' s very dangerous. " said nieman, who has written about the impact of exercise on the common cold. " if you have flu or virus with fever and pain, the best remedy is bed rest. the worst thing is to sweat it out with exercise. " he said common cold and flu viruses can stay on objects, such as door handles, treadmills and computer keyboards, for hours. the main route to infection is through touching one ' s mouth or nose with unwashed


it out with exercise. " he said common cold and flu viruses can stay on objects, such as door handles, treadmills and computer keyboards, for hours. the main route to infection is through touching one ' s mouth or nose with unwashed hands. patrick strait, of snap fitness, a franchiser of gyms with locations worldwide, said this time of year fitness centers step up cleaning efforts because they see a lot more traffic and so many people catch colds and the flu. " it ' s a public place where a lot of people are sweating, " said strait. " we tell manager / owners to clean once an hour, wash down the equipment with bleach, etc. " he urged clients to wipe down equipment and wash hands often. " and if you ' re sick, don ' t come to the gym, " he said. jessica matthews, an exercise physiologist with the american council on exercise, said some days symptoms dictate scaling back your workout or, if you ' re contagious, skipping the gym entirely. " always listen to your body, " she said. " it might be a good idea to exercise at home or privately. " nieman said that while moderate exercise strengthens the immune system, elite athletes will experience a rise in stress hormones and a dip in immunity after about 90 minutes of high - intensity activity. maharam said the immunity of marathoners is decreased for up to 72 hours after a race. during that time, the athletes are more susceptible to colds, flu, and, most commonly, the so - called " marathon sniffles. " he said symptoms usually subside within 48 hours. " at the end of a race, when you ' re all sweaty and they ' re all sweaty, you don ' t need to be hugging and kissing people, " maharam said. " your immune system isn ' t as strong as it was. " ( editing by patricia reaney and xavier briand )


the purpose of this section is to provide a broad overview of the methodology used to construct the four separate indices of deprivation. those wishing to access more detailed information should follow the links to the indices ' technical reports shown in the ' useful links ' section. the methodologies used to derive the separate indices of multiple deprivation are broadly similar. in each case, the index measures the level of multiple deprivation experienced by individuals in small areas. firstly, levels of deprivation are measured for a number of separate dimensions or ' domains '. the number and title of domains varies between each index but each measures deprivation across key themes of income, employment, education and health. for each domain, deprivation is calculated according to a series of summary statistics or ' indicators '. these indicators are designed to measure key features of a particular deprivation theme. the choice of indicators is agreed through consultation and varies between each index. typically there are between two and six indicators per domain. for each index, the indicators are combined in broadly the same way to provide a domain level measure of deprivation. where possible and most notably in the income and employment domains, indicators are summed and divided by the ' at risk population ' ( for example, the number of income support claimants as a proportion of the total population ) to give an overall area rate of deprivation. where rates are not possible, appropriate weights for combining indicators into a single deprivation score are selected using a range of techniques including maximum likelihood factor analysis. the domain level scores which represent specific dimensions of deprivation are then ranked and transformed to an exponential distribution. weights are then applied to provide the overall index of multiple deprivation for each country in the uk. the weights are selected according to a number of criteria which are used to assess the level of importance attached to each domain theme in the overall measurement of deprivation. as each index uses different indicators and domains, the weights applied to aggregate domain scores are different.


mapping the disease devil facial tumour disease ( dftd ) is one of only three recorded cancers that can spread like a contagious disease. the cancer is passed from devil to devil through biting. the live tumour cells aren ’ t rejected by the animal ’ s immune system because of a lack of genetic diversity among tasmanian devils. for this reason, cases continue to occur in areas where the disease had not previously been recorded. as at february 2011, there has been an 84 % decline in average sightings of devils across tasmania during the annual spotlight surveys. in the north - east region, where signs of dftd were first reported, there has been a 96 % decline of average sightings. while the majority of diseased populations studied have shown a standard response to dftd ( loss of abundance, loss of older age classes, females breeding earlier ), there is a population that has been studied for the past 5 years by a phd student that is showing a different pattern of responses to the disease. although dftd has spread through this population at the same rate that it is spreading elsewhere, abundance throughout the population has not plummeted, the full age structure is still intact and tumours appear to grow slower, regress and take longer to kill the animal. the stdp, in collaboration with utas, will begin trapping a neighbouring and similar population to determine whether this atypical response occurs in more than one population and whether it is the disease or the devil population that is different. disease front and dftd distribution as at june 2012 the stdp continues to monitor devil populations across tasmania to determine how far dftd has spread and the impact that it is having. the disease now affects 75 % of the state. in november 2011 stdp staff and volunteers spent 10 days in the forestry coupes around takone for this annual activity. 65 animals were caught during the trip, including 63 devils and 2 spotted tailed quolls. there were 38 new devils and 25 recaptured devils. the 63 devils were made up of 37 females and 26 males. more than half of the females were lactating. three devils were caught with tumours consistent with dftd, and were given a dftd score of 5. all 3 animals tested positive. it seems that the disease is moving further into the population but prevalence ( 0. 05 % ) is still very low, suggesting the fairly recent arrival of the disease into the area. the disease front trapping work supports a range of activities including planning for saving populations,


that the disease is moving further into the population but prevalence ( 0. 05 % ) is still very low, suggesting the fairly recent arrival of the disease into the area. the disease front trapping work supports a range of activities including planning for saving populations, managing diseased populations and monitoring any changes in the disease. disease front and dftd distribution - 2010 following the success of the ‘ snapshot ' surveys conducted in 2009 to find the westerly extent of dftd ( see below ), further surveys were conducted in october and november 2010 to update our knowledge on where the disease front currently lies. some lessons were learnt about the efficacy of snapshot - type surveys in areas of varying devil abundance, so the surveys this year were concentrated in an area to the west of the murchison highway, between wynyard in the north and just below waratah in the south where devil abundance was high. areas of low devil abundance will be targeted with the use of remote - sensing cameras. four teams conducted 7 - day trapping trips, following the same protocol used in 2009. all animals caught with a possible dftd tumour had the disease confirmed using histology. a total of 234 individual animals were caught and inspected for dftd, with 8 animals confirmed with the disease. a single animal with a high probability of carrying dftd was located 5km due - west of the most westerly confirmed disease from 2009, but this could not be confirmed. unfortunately this animal was located at the most westerly extent of the front, suggesting that the disease may have moved as much as 7km in the past year. the program hopes to set sentinel cameras on the disease front in the coming months so that disease spread on the front can be monitored throughout the year. locating the western extent of devil facial tumour disease - 2009 during september and october 2009, surveys were conducted in western tasmania with the objective of locating the western extent of tasmanian devil facial tumour disease ( dftd ). knowing the location of the disease ‘ front ' is essential to inform other management projects aimed at preserving the species in the long term, including the potential fencing off of disease free areas and the development of free range captive enclosures. prior to these focused trips, there had been no intensive, focused trapping trips to find the location of the disease front. six teams surveyed sites between burnie in the north and kelly basin in the south. a roving veterinary team responded to reports of potential disease in captured animals, and collected biopsies and blood samples for confirmation of


the location of the disease front. six teams surveyed sites between burnie in the north and kelly basin in the south. a roving veterinary team responded to reports of potential disease in captured animals, and collected biopsies and blood samples for confirmation of the disease. as the principle aim of these trips was to catch as many unique animals as possible, it was decided to use a ‘ snapshot ' technique where traps would be moved to a new site each day to maximise the number of new devils caught and reduce the number of re - captures. in sites of high devil abundance two nights trapping maximised the chances of catching any possible diseased animals. likewise, in sites of very low devil abundance trapping was extended to two nights to maximise chances of catching any devils in the area. prior to the beginning of the disease front trips, two 5 - day reconnaissance trips were conducted to determine the best areas to locate transects. map 1 indicates the locations of traps deployed by each team. a total of 231 individual tasmanian devils were captured and inspected for presence of devil facial tumour disease. of these at least thirteen devils have been confirmed as diseased by histology. three devils were captured by remote cameras clearly showing signs of what appeared to be dftd - however these cannot be confirmed by histology. the most western extent of dftd recorded in this survey was approximately 15km west of the last known location of dftd ( surrey hills, recorded in 2008 ). however, the high prevalence of dftd at surrey hills in 2008 suggests that dftd will have been present further to the west at that time, and the distance travelled from 2008 to 2009 would not have been as great as 15km. the current most westerly point of confirmed disease is just to the east of the murchison highway. to date no confirmed cases of dftd have been recorded west of the murchison hwy. there was an obvious gradient of devil abundance from the north to the south, with 50 devils caught by one team in the north and 11 by another team over the same period of time in the south. the very different habitat and the difficulty of access in the southern regions makes it difficult to catch devils and even harder to locate the disease. our ‘ snapshot ' method of trapping for these trips will need to be revised for these areas of lower devil abundance before we re - trap in any of these areas.


all property taxes real, public utility and tangible personal property taxes assessed value and taxes levied for taxes payable in calendar year 1988, by county table pd - 30 shows total assessed value of, and taxes levied on, real, public utility personal, and tangible personal property for taxes payable in calendar year 1988. taxes for real and public utility personal property were levied in tax year 1987, but payable in calendar year 1988. special assessments were also levied in tax year 1987 and payable in calendar year 1988. in contrast, personal property taxes ( excluding public utility personal property ) are levied and payable in the same year - in this case 1988. total taxes levied on the three categories of property were $ 6. 6 billion on a total assessed value of $ 106. 7 billion. special assessments totalled $ 107. 9 million. total real property taxes levied were $ 5. 0 billion, while public utility personal property and tangible personal property taxes totalled $ 613. 4 million and $ 1. 0 billion, the value of real property was $ 78. 9 billion compared to $ 10. 8 billion and $ 17. 0 billion for public utility personal and tangible personal property, respectively. real property taxes shown in the table are prior to application of " tax reduction factors " and are prior to subtracting the 10 percent property tax rollback for all real property, the 2. 5 percent rollback for residential real property, and the homestead exemption deduction. among all ohio counties, cuyahoga county had the highest property value ( $ 14. 8 billion of which real property accounted for $ 11. 3 billion ) and the highest amount of taxes levied ( $ 929. 5 million in real property taxes and $ 1. 2 billion in total property taxes ). vinton county had the lowest value of real property ( $ 57. 4 million ) and the lowest total property value ( $ 99. 1 million ) ; cuyahoga county also levied the lowest amount of taxes ( $ 2. 1 million in real property taxes and $ 3. 6 million in total lucas county led all ohio counties in the amount of special assessments levied, with $ 21. 8 million. four counties - adams, morgan, pike, and vinton - recorded no special data for this table were taken from abstracts filed by county auditors with the ohio department of taxation.


quantum teleportation leaps to new distance record a new record of roughly 60 miles has been set in the field of qubit transmission. " this is just a transmission method, so it could have wide utility, though i expect the cost will initially make it best for huge data streams, " said analyst rob enderle. " something like this could turn us into a saas world. " scientists in china have transmitted quantum bits, or qubits, over a record distance of 97 km, or roughly 60 miles. this is more than six times the distance of the previous record of 16 km, set by another team of chinese researchers in may of 2010, as reported in nature. com. the results represent a step toward the establishment of a global quantum network, and the methods used in the experiment could be utilized for satellite - based quantum communications, the scientists said. " this is just a transmission method, so it could have wide utility, though i expect the cost will initially make it best for huge data streams, " rob enderle, principal analyst at the enderle group, told technewsworld. this technology " could end up changing much of the world " because it ' s both potentially higher bandwidth and lower latency, approaching zero, and these factors " could drive massive computer centralization on a world scale and force a massive shakeout of security, networking and computer companies, " enderle continued. " something like this could turn us into a saas ( software as a service ) world. " the theory behind the experiment the latest experiment demonstrated quantum teleportation of an independent unknown state between two optical free - space links 97 km apart with multi - photon entanglement. quantum teleportation is a process for transmitting information using quantum physics to, in effect, encrypt the data transmitted. it ' s also known as entanglement - assisted teleportation. in quantum teleportation experiments, beams of lights are used to encode qubits. the encoded beam of light, which is described as quantum entangled, is split into two and transmitted. when a qubit at one receiver is observed and take a defined form, the other half of the qubit at the other receiver takes the same defined form. quantum entanglement results when particles such as photons or electrons interact physically and then become separated but remain in the same quantum state. a quantum state is a set of mathematical variables, including position, momentum and spin, that fully describes a quantum system


even with these advances, the fuel cell wouldn ’ t come on instantly, and turning it on and off with every short trip in the car would cause a lot of wear and tear, reducing its lifetime. instead, it would be paired with a battery pack, as a combustion engine is in the volt, wachsman says. the fuel cell could then run more steadily, serving to keep the battery topped without providing bursts of acceleration. the researchers achieved their result largely by modifying the solid electrolyte material at the core of a solid - oxide fuel cell. in fuel cells on the market, such as one made by bloom energy, the electrolyte has to be made thick enough to provide structural support. but the thickness of the electrolyte limits power generation. over the last several years, researchers have been developing designs that don ’ t require the electrolyte to support the cell so they can make the electrolyte thinner and achieve high power output at lower temperatures. the university of maryland researchers took this a step further by developing new multilayered electrolytes that increase the power output still more. the work is part of a larger u. s. department of energy effort, over the past decade, to make solid - oxide fuel cells practical. the first fruits of that effort likely won ’ t be fuel cells in cars — so far, wachsman has only made relatively small fuel cells, and significant engineering work remains to be done. the first applications of solid oxide fuels in vehicles may be on long - haul trucks with sleeper cabs. equipment suppliers such as delphi and cummins are developing fuel cells that can power the air conditioners, tvs, and microwaves inside the cabs, potentially cutting fuel consumption by 85 percent compared to idling the truck ’ s engine. the delphi system also uses a design that allows for a thinner electrolyte, but it operates at higher temperatures than wachsman ’ s fuel cell. the fuel cell could be turned on monday, and left to run at low rates all week and still get the 85 percent reduction. delphi has built a prototype and plans to demonstrate its system on a truck next year.


identity theft occurs more frequently in the united states than people want to believe. according to the u. s. department of justice, identity theft and identity fraud are referred to as " all types of crime in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses another person ' s personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception for economic gain. " the federal trade commission compiles a report every year for identity theft complaints in the united states. these complaints increased more than 78 percent between 2009 and 2011. with identity theft becoming an increasing problem, professor duanne j. thompson, the acting program chair of criminal justice at argosy university, atlanta, offers some advice for consumers to take in order to protect themselves from identity theft : 1. protect your identity like you would protect your house. 2. don ' t give out sensitive information such as social security information. in most states it is illegal for a business to ask for your social security number for transactions. 3. if purchasing on the web, make sure you know who you are buying from and that the site is secure. 4. don ' t fall for phishing scams. legitimate websites will never ask for your password or account information. if in doubt contact the vendor before you send your information. thompson also says that consumers should be aware that they have a right to have one free credit report from every credit clearing house, such as equifax, transunion and experian, at least once a year. in some states, consumers are allowed a free credit report at least twice a year. consumers should look at the information from their reports and ensure that the information is correct and accurate. they should look specifically at each credit statement every month for suspicious fraudulent activity. the bigger question is what a consumer should do if they find themselves victims of identity theft. thompson suggests to first notify your credit vendor that your card has been compromised and that there is an individual acting as you. consumers should then call their local police department and file a report. afterward, gather as much information as possible about your accounts and all transactions to help aid the investigator in the case. once the police report is obtained, file an identity theft claim with all three credit clearing houses ( equifax, transunion and experian ). all three credit clearing houses will require a copy of the local police report and all the information you have supporting the theft. with the rise of online trends such as social media and online banking, consumers must be more vigilant about their identity as these trends


exclusive : medical experts explain how to treat spinal defect before a child is even born editor ’ s note : this is the second in a five part series where the blaze has looked into a newer treatment for children diagnosed with spina bifida. while most would have the hole exposing his or her spine closed after birth, more than a decade ago surgeries that were considered controversial at the time began where the hole was closed in utero in the hopes of reversing some of the disabling effects of the disorder. the first results of a federally funded human trial were released in 2011, showing the success seen in the new treatment thus far. we ’ ve talked to families who had the elective surgery before it ever entered a formal human trial and those who more recently have had the surgery since the period trial ended. we ’ ve timed this series to specifically run close to glenn beck ’ s restoring love as the parents of children who underwent the surgery, many of whom still have some disability, want the world to know the blessing of celebrating differences. dr. scott adzick, the department of surgery chief at the children ’ s hospital of philadelphia ( chop ), says the best decision he ever made was to head to the university of california - san francisco 30 years ago in order to be on the cutting edge of fetal medicine. adzick wanted to research surgery before birth and san francisco was the mecca at the time. “ i was frustrated taking care of babies with life - threatening problems, and when the baby was born, we were too late, ” he said. it was out of this frustration of not being able to treat disorders early enough that adzick and a few others decided they wanted to operate on the fetus through the mother ’ s womb as a treatment — a treatment specifically for spina bifida. at the time, fetal surgeries were reserved for only babies in life - or - death situations. spina bifida wasn ’ t necessarily life threatening to the infant, but still very debilitating — and research prior to actually beginning the surgeries on human fetuses showed they could be a benefit. spina bifida is a congenital disorder that occurs when the backbone and spinal canal do not close. what causes spina bifida varies, but it can be genetic or result from low levels of folic acid early in pregnancy. the most severe and most common cases of spina bifida where the hole doesn ’ t close in the lower half of the spine, known as myelo


but it can be genetic or result from low levels of folic acid early in pregnancy. the most severe and most common cases of spina bifida where the hole doesn ’ t close in the lower half of the spine, known as myelomeningocele, occurs in 1 in every 800 infants. more than 1, 500 babies are born with spina bifida in the united states each year, making it the most common birth defect of the central nervous system. it is estimated 64 percent of fetuses diagnosed with spina bifida are aborted. with myelomeningocele, the membranes and the neural tube will protrude from the back forming a sack. a nurse described it as looking about the size of a small mellon. the mother can learn of the condition around 18 to 22 weeks, generally when the she goes in for her an ultrasound. watch this video from chop explaining what spina bifida is : the treatment — still the most common treatment for those with the disorder today — is closure of the hole after birth. more often than not, depending on the child ’ s “ lesion level ” — the location where the spinal canal failed to close in the womb — the child would have hydrocephalus ( water on the brain ) and could require a shunt ( a pump that would drain the fluid from the brain ). they could be paralyzed from the waist down or, if they ’ re lucky, could walk with a walker or braces on their legs. they frequently don ’ t have proper nerve formation for normal bowel and bladder function and would need to be catheterized first by the parents and at an older age by themselves. before fetal surgery could even be considered to correct the spines of human fetuses, research was done to define what adzick called the disorder ’ s “ natural history. ” essentially, this means tracking the disorder back to when it begins to form and what occurs in the womb after the hole fails to close. a husband - and - wife team, dr. martin meuli and dr. claudia simmen - meuli, conducted reviews of aborted fetuses that had myelomeningocele and found the exposed spinal cord would go through varying degrees of injury within the womb, which was the cause of the symptoms after birth. dr. g. m. hutchins, who was also involved with these initial reviews, with the meuli ’ s conducted an experiment using fetal sheep, where the fetal lamb ’ s


womb, which was the cause of the symptoms after birth. dr. g. m. hutchins, who was also involved with these initial reviews, with the meuli ’ s conducted an experiment using fetal sheep, where the fetal lamb ’ s spine was exposed in the womb, creating a spina bifida - like defect. at birth, the lambs exhibited similar symptoms to children with myelomeningocele. in some lambs though, were operated on again to correct the lesion. adzick, who was also involved in this research, said the results on lambs that had the spinal correction were “ phenomenal. ” “ there was some distortion but they were remarkably protected, ” he said. in this video, adzick and other doctors explain how fetal surgeries came about : after these findings and strict procedural regulations, adzick and others began offering this as an option for parents who wanted to prevent some of the effects of the most severe forms of spina bifida. eventually, a clinical trial was instituted to establish if there was in fact a significant benefit in the outcome of those with spina bifida who had fetal surgery compared to the more traditional, after - birth treatment. three hospitals were involved in the trial : the chop, vanderbilt university medical center and the university of california - san francisco. the management of myelomeningocele study ( moms ) was a randomized trial that began in 2001 where some fetus underwent fetal surgery while others had the traditional treatment after birth. watch an overview video from chop on the study here. just last year, after 10 years, the trial stopped accepting patients because those evaluating the data found they had enough information to show that fetal surgery was more successful at reducing the need for a shunt, reversing the chiari malformation and other more minor effects. “ in spite of an increased risk for preterm birth, children who underwent surgery while in the uterus did much better, on balance, than those who had surgery after birth, ” alan e. guttmacher, m. d., director of nichd, which funded the study said in a feb. 2011 press release on the findings. “ however, caution is advised. because the surgery is highly specialized, it is best undertaken in facilities with staff having experience in the procedure. ” “ this was very exciting, ” adzick said referring to when the results of the study became apparent. “ [ the ] results basically matched what we had seen at


, it is best undertaken in facilities with staff having experience in the procedure. ” “ this was very exciting, ” adzick said referring to when the results of the study became apparent. “ [ the ] results basically matched what we had seen at chop before the [ moms study ] began. ” the time period from when a woman finds out her child has spina bifida to when she is considered for the surgery and goes under the knife is very short. although procedures vary slightly among hospitals at the moment, most will not perform the surgery after 26 weeks of gestation. the lesion in the fetuses back needs to be at a certain level, and the fetal candidate cannot have any other genetic abnormalities. these are just a few requirements for the fetus — the mom has some as well. the mother will not be accepted for surgery if she doesn ’ t meet a range of criteria. not to mention the mental and ethical evaluation parents are put through. lori howell, a nurse working with families of children with birth defects for more than 30 years who is currently the executive director of chop ’ s center for fetal diagnosis and treatment, explains that the process for choosing candidates is rigorous. the candidates tour the neonatal intensive care unit, seeing all the extremely premature and sick babies. a place where their child could potentially end up. they also meet with a ethics board who asks them several questions, many of which are hard to hear but are meant to prepare the mother for every possible outcome. one mother told the blaze that the board asks questions like “ if you didn ’ t have this surgery, your child will most likely be born healthy considering their condition and the surgery performed after birth to fix the hole in his or her back is routine. this fetal surgery is elective, there is the potential your child — or you — could die as a result of this procedure. would you still want to go through with it for this risk? ” watch this video explaining the surgery and the process : “ it ’ s not for everybody, ” howell said. “ you shouldn ’ t feel guilty if you can ’ t have a fetal surgery or if you opt to make another choice. ” stay tuned for the third installation of this five part series tomorrow where the blaze will cover many of the positive results of fetal surgeries as explained by parents whose children had the operation years ago. - shock video surfaces : meat cleaver - wielding man shouts ‘ you people will never be safe! ’ moments after gruesome london attack 488 comments - why


of fetal surgeries as explained by parents whose children had the operation years ago. - shock video surfaces : meat cleaver - wielding man shouts ‘ you people will never be safe! ’ moments after gruesome london attack 488 comments - why were dhs agents seemingly monitoring multiple tea party irs protests across the country on tuesday? 475 comments - confusion erupts in irs hearing after lois lerner tries to plead the 5th — watch it all unfold 466 comments - the tense exchange between rep. trey gowdy and the former irs head you ’ ve been waiting for … and it doesn ’ t disappoint 374 comments - anti - gay bias or fair punishment? new details emerge about high school student ’ s lesbian relationship with a minor 302 comments - ‘ we … aren ’ t going to take s * * t from homophobes ’ : mysterious pro - firearm ads use gays, seemingly topless lesbians to rail against gun control 125 comments - pope francis ’ sermon sparks debate : ‘ even the atheists ’ have been redeemed ‘ with the blood of christ ’ 227 comments - beck issues challenge to people of faith in wake of okla. tornado : ‘ what have you done? ’ read more - ‘ islamic jihad, islamic jihad! : michelle malkin rips progressives, clashes with lib radio host over islamic terrorism and the london machete attack 108 comments - ariz. lawmaker surprises colleagues, comes out as an atheist while delivering daily prayer 109 comments - trey gowdy at it again — this time with a jack bauer reference! read more - emails released : congress was asking for updates on ig ’ s irs audit before 2012 election read more - weekly unemployment benefits tumble read more - why is this german company recruiting tech staff with autism? read more - house votes to speed up keystone pipeline : here ’ s everyone who voted for and against it read more - the incredible role facebook played in the aftermath of devastating okla. tornado read more - tech company demonstrates remote disabling of a ‘ smart gun ’ 120 comments - meet the blind man nicknamed ‘ midnight gunslinger ’ who has 80 % shot accuracy read more - how a $ 4. 5 million network of 181 sirens helped save lives in oklahoma twister read more - see the record - setting python a man caught with his bare hands ( and guess how much it weighed ) read more - permit requirements shut down another kid ’ s lemonade stand — but it ’ s not what you think - video : introducing ‘ conservotax


our birds - barred plymouth rock chicken our animals > barred plymouth rock chicken the plymouth rock, often called simply rocks or barred rocks ( after their most popular color ), is a chicken breed that originated in the united states. the plymouth rock is a dual - purpose, cold - hardy bird and therefore makes a great breed for the small farm or backyard flock owner. these chickens are often called plymouth rocks, but this title correctly belongs to the entire breed, not just the barred variety. there are seven varieties of plymouth rock chickens : barred, blue, buff, columbian, partridge, silver - penciled and white. the plymouth rock was developed in new england in the middle of the 19th century and was first exhibited as a breed in 1869. several individuals claimed its invention, using crosses of dominiques, black javas, cochins, and perhaps malays and dorkings. john c. bennett ( 1804 - 1867 ) has been credited with either creating or popularizing the breed. plymouth rocks were bred as a dual - purpose fowl, meaning that they were valued both for their meat and for the hens ' egg - laying ability. the first plymouth rock was barred and other varieties were developed later. the breed became popular very rapidly, and in fact, until world war ii, no breed was ever kept and bred as extensively in the united states as the barred plymouth rock. its popularity came from its qualities as an outstanding farm chicken : hardiness, docility, broodiness, and excellent production of both eggs and meat. most of the other varieties were developed from crosses containing some of the same ancestral background as the barred variety. early in its development, the name plymouth rock implied a barred bird, but as more varieties were developed, it became the designation for the breed. the barred plymouth rock was one of the foundation breeds for the broiler industry in the 1920s, and the white rock continues to be used as the female side of the commercial broiler cross. plymouth rocks are large, long - lived chickens. some varieties are good layers while others are bred principally for meat. they possess a long, broad back ; a moderately deep, full breast ; and yellow skin and legs. the hens have a deep, full abdomen, which is a sign of a good layer. the face of a plymouth rock is red with red ear lobes, a bright yellow beak, bay - colored eyes, and a single comb of moderate size. their feathers are fairly loosely held but not so long as to easily tangle. generally, plymouth rocks are not


does exercise help you detox? explore this story the word “ detoxification ” is flung around the fitness community as frequently as kettlebells. yoga teachers regularly speak of detoxifying twists, aerobics instructors of detoxifying sweat, dieters of detoxifying fasts. but health professionals are skeptical. “ if you start talking about exercising to detoxify, there ’ s no scientific data, ” said dr. elizabeth matzkin, chief of women ’ s sports medicine at harvard medical school. “ the human body is designed to get rid of what we don ’ t need. ” the same applies to fasting. “ no good scientific data supports any of those cleanses, where you drink juice, or ( only ) water for a week, ” she said. exercise is important, matzkin added, because it enables our body to do what it is made to do, but the kidneys and colon get rid of waste. the role of exercise in that process is unclear. “ in general exercise helps our lungs ; kidneys get rid of things that can cause us onset of disease, ” she said. a healthy lifestyle — eating healthy, drinking plenty of water and exercising — is important to detoxifying because it enables our body to do what is intended to do. “ as for specific yoga moves, i ’ m not so sure, ” she said. yoga instructor and fitness expert shirley archer, an author and spokeswoman for the american council on exercise ( ace ) said the theory behind the effectiveness of detoxifying twists in yoga is that they squeeze the organs, which push the blood out so fresh blood can rush in. “ better circulation equals better health, ” said archer, who is based in florida. “ if detox means to eliminate from the body what it no longer needs, then certain yogic practices can help. ” she said yogic deep breathing with strong exhalations can empty the lungs of unneeded carbon dioxide and allow for a fresh breath of more oxygenated air. “ this nourishes all of our cells, ” she said. “ it is also a method of cleansing because better circulation equals better health. ” meditative movement practices, such as yoga and tai chi, she added, can detox your attitude because they require staying in the present moment and discourage dwelling on the past. last summer, celebrity trainer tracy anderson began taking groups of 40 - odd women on what she calls detox weeks, which involve at least three hours of workouts each day,


because they require staying in the present moment and discourage dwelling on the past. last summer, celebrity trainer tracy anderson began taking groups of 40 - odd women on what she calls detox weeks, which involve at least three hours of workouts each day, as well as lectures on fitness and nutrition aimed mainly at encouraging lifestyle changes. similar weeks in other cities are planned for 2013. “ women work out and think ‘ why can ’ t my love handles, muffin tops go away ’? ” said anderson, creator of the tracy anderson method and a co - owner, with actress gwyneth paltrow, of fitness centres in los angeles and new york. “ the most important thing is if you can become a consistent exerciser. ” “ a good workout is not five to 10 yoga poses, ” she explained. “ you have to learn to scale up your endurance. if you can only jump for five minutes straight, we ’ ll go to 10 minutes, then 20 minutes. ” anderson said she uses the term detoxification broadly to include everything from working up a good sweat to clearing the mind of destructive thoughts. “ detoxification is a big topic, ” she said. nancy clark, a registered dietitian in boston, massachusetts and a member of the american college of sports medicine, said the body generally does a fine job of detoxifying itself through the liver and kidneys. sweating has nothing to do with it. “ when you sweat you really don ’ t detoxify anything, ” she explained. “ if someone goes on a crash diet, then maybe toxins are released but then the body would take care of them. when you sweat you lose sodium. ” - new rcmp probing senate expense scandal, senate speaker says - new mayor rob ford fires chief of staff mark towhey - toronto terror suspect asks for defence lawyer who is guided by ‘ holy book ’ - updated london attack : two more people arrested, police say - tim bosma homicide : second suspect mark smich appears in court - updated city councillor paul ainslie ' s licence suspended after roadside check - dimanno : no matter how it seems on planet ford, it ’ s over - updated as world gawks at rob ford scandal, toronto police wait and watch


there are many techniques available to help students get started with a piece of writing. getting started can be hard for all levels of writers. freewriting is one great technique to build fluency. that was explored in an earlier lesson plan : http : / / www. thirteen. org / edonline / adulted / lessons / lesson18. html this unit offers some other techniques. these techniques may be especially helpful with students who prefer a style of learning or teaching that could be described as visual, spatial, or graphic. sometimes those styles or overlooked in favor of approaches that are very linguistic or linear. the approaches here will attend to a broader range of learning styles as they add variety. - writing : writing process, pre - writing, autobiography, exposition, personal narrative, argumentation, comparison and contrast, description. students will be able to : - write more fluently ( writing more with greater ease ) - generate writing topics - select topics that will yield strong pieces of writing - connect personal experience, knowledge, and examples to an assigned - produce better organized pieces of writing national reporting system of adult education standards are applicable here. these are the standards required by the 1998 workforce investment act. see pencils, colored pencils, pens, markers, crayons, unlined paper, magazines and newspapers with pictures inside, glue or paste, and paper. big paper or poster board can make the pre - writing exercises more eye - catching, more of a project, and better for display. video and tv : prep for teachers make sure you try each of the activities yourself before you ask students to do them. that will give you a better understanding of the activities and help you recognize any potential points that may be confusing or difficult. this also gives you a sample to show the students. its much easier to create a diagram if you are shown an example of one. here are some web sites that give background and even more ideas about you pre - writing, diagrams, graphic organizers, and other ideas to get started with writing. there is some repetition here. you dont have to read them all. but check them out and see what you think.


" sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me. " very few people would agree that words don ' t hurt. in fact, it has been said that the tongue is like a sword. what comes from it can be deadly : " i hate you. " " you make me sick. " " you really need to lose some weight. oh, did i just say that out loud? " almost everyone can remember statements made to them in the heat of anger or out of frustration. one grown woman recalled when she was 14 years old, a supervisor told her she was being pushy even though the supervisor had agreed to get back to her with an answer the week before. a man with adult children shared how he is still haunted by the words a relative said to him as an adolescent, " you ' re no good! you ' re going to end up being just like your daddy. " he has worked his whole life not to allow those words to define him. once something has been said, it is impossible to take back. you can apologize and say you didn ' t mean it, but the words are still out there. how many of us have spoken disrespectfully to someone on the phone or behind a ticket counter in the midst of a frustrating situation? what statements have you made to your spouse or your children that you wish had never come out of your mouth? words are powerful, and they can impact people for life. questions to ask yourself * how do you talk about your spouse in front of other people? * how do you speak to your spouse? * how do you talk to your children? * how do you talk to your co - workers? * how do you talk to the clerk at the grocery store? you can leave a person feeling trampled and beaten down or feeling supported and encouraged even if they are in the wrong. there is a big difference in saying, " that makes you look like an elephant, " and " that isn ' t your best look. " choose your words carefully here are some things to consider as you prepare for your next conversation. * remember what you say and how you say it matter. * consider how you would like the conversation to go. just because someone is condescending to you does not justify you dishing it right back. * you can be angry, disappointed or frustrated and still be respectful. * avoid the use of sarcasm ; it isn ' t helpful. communicating well is a skill. your spouse, children, co - workers and


madam walker made millions door to door with her line of beauty products when a list is compiled naming the ten top famous african americans from history, the name madam c. j. walker seldom makes the cut. but, that ' s a mistake : her name should be included. madam walker was the first woman millionaire in the us. not just the first african american millionaire, mind you, but the first woman ever to reach that lofty goal. and not only was she a shrewd and accomplished businesswoman, she was also a philanthropist and social activist. walker ' s story began in delta, louisiana, on december 23, 1867. born to parents just recently freed from slavery by the civil war, she was an orphan by the age of eight. she made her way by working in the cotton fields and eventually relocated to st. louis to be near her four brothers. by then she was widowed and had a daughter of her own, lelia. she supported her child by working as a laundress. in the 1890 ' s, suffering from an unknown scalp ailment, walker began experimenting with homemade remedies and beauty treatments. when she and her new husband, charles walker, moved to denver, colorado, she started marketing her homemade hair and scalp treatments. traveling the south and selling her products door to door, walker watched the demand for her beauty treatments grow. madam cj walker ' s accomplishments helped create nearly 3, 000 jobs by 1910, demand was high enough for her to begin mass production. moving to indianapolis, she built a factory to produce her growing line of beauty products. a hair salon and training school quickly followed. her manufacturing company created nearly three thousand jobs in the area and her army of door - to - door saleswomen would eventually number nearly 20, 000. less than a year later, she was making headlines for her contributions to worthy african american causes in indianapolis. in 1916, walker moved her headquarters to new york city. there, she became increasingly socially aware and politically active. she donated $ 5000 to the naacp ' s anti - lynching campaign and presented a petition at the white house demanding the passage of national anti - lynching legislation. at yearly conventions, she encouraged the women who worked for her to be politically active as well. madam c. j. walker died on may 25, 1919. she was only 52 years old, yet, during her relatively short lifetime, she had championed many worthy causes. she had been a major contributor to the naacp, she had encouraged other budding businesswomen


the facts about thinning hair and hair growth find out the causes and solutions of hair loss including hair care products that actually boost hair growth in what is called female pattern baldness, the cause of this inability to grow new hair is not well understood, but likely has to do with genes, aging and levels of endocrine hormones. the hormonal process of testosterone converting to dihydrotestosterone ( dht ) - - which occurs in men and women - - damages the hair follicles. note : all you need to remember as you ' re reading this is that dht is not your friend because it triggers hair loss and inhibits hair growth. check out thinning hair 101 now. other than female pattern baldness, thinning hair happens in women for myriad reasons : • underactive thyroid • telogen effluvium ( temporary hair shedding ) • alopecia areata ( an immune disorder causing temporary hair loss ) • breaking of hair due to styling treatments and pulling of hair • iron deficiency • vitamin deficiency • certain medications • particular skin diseases • hormonal abnormalities dr. philip kingsley, unmatched expert on hair health, explains stress and thinning hair further. plus, we highlight some hair care products to help stop hair loss and increase hair growth. proceed to thinning hair 101. see next page : hormones and hair loss


© 2013 tutorialspoint. com soap fault element when an error occurs during processing, the response to a soap message is a soap fault element in the body of the message, and the fault is returned to the sender of the soap message. the soap fault mechanism returns specific information about the error, including a predefined code, a description, the address of the soap processor that generated a soap message can carry only one fault block fault element is an optional part of soap message for the http binding, a successful response is linked to the 200 to 299 range of status codes ; soap fault is linked to the 500 to 599 range of status codes. the soap fault element has the following sub elements : | | a text code used to indicate a class of errors. see the next table for a listing of predefined fault codes. | | a text message explaning the error | | a text string indicating who caused the fault. this is useful if the soap message travels through several nodes in the soap message path, and the client needs to know which node caused the error. a node that does not act as the ultimate destination must include a faultactor element. an element used to carry application - specific error messages. the detail element can contain child elements, called detail entries. soap fault codes the faultcode values defined below must be used in the faultcode element when describing faults | | found an invalid namespace for the soap envelope element | | an immediate child element of the header element, with the mustunderstand attribute set to " 1 ", was | | the message was incorrectly formed or contained incorrect information | | there was a problem with the server so the message could not proceed soap fault example the following code is a sample fault. the client has requested a method named validatecreditcard, but the service does not support such a method. this represents a client request error, and the server returns the following soap response : <? xml version = ' 1. 0 ' encoding = ' utf - 8 '? > failed to locate method ( validatecreditcard ) in class ( examplescreditcard ) at / usr / local / activeperl - 5. 6 / lib / site _ perl / 5. 6. 0 / soap / lite. pm line 1555.


checkup on health who should consider taking a daily aspirin? aspirin, once mostly used on an occasional basis for fever, aches and pains, is now, for many, taken daily like a vitamin pill. if you ’ re taking an aspirin daily, is that a wise practice? alternatively, if you ’ re not, should you be? how aspirin works aspirin has many effects because it reduces the body ’ s production of prostaglandins, a hormone - like substance that acts in numerous ways. reducing prostaglandins diminishes pain and fever and weakens platelets ’ ability to stick together and form clots. this characteristic is especially important in lessening the risk of strokes and heart attack, which are caused by clots lodging in coronary arteries or blood vessels in the brain. reducing prostaglandins can have harmful effects as well. it can make the stomach lining more vulnerable to ulcer formation and bleeding. and for some people who are prone to asthma, it can trigger an attack. who should take aspirin? aspirin ’ s ability to reduce the risk of a second heart attack or stroke has been known for quite a while, and doctors have long advised people who have previously had a heart attack, an ischemic stroke ( one caused by a clot ) or tias ( so - called “ mini - strokes ” ) to take a daily aspirin. patients with unstable angina, who are at very high risk for a heart attack, are also treated with aspirin in the hospital. there is also enough evidence of aspirin ’ s benefits in reducing heart attack and stroke risk that doctors are increasingly recommending a daily aspirin for many healthy people. this includes all men over age 50 and all women over age 60, especially if they have even one risk factor for heart disease. risk factors include a personal or family history of heart disease, having hypertension, being overweight, not exercising, smoking, having high cholesterol or being diabetic. who shouldn ’ t have daily aspirin? for some individuals, the risks of aspirin therapy itself are greater than the potential benefits. a significant percentage of people develop stomach irritation from aspirin. for many it is mild, but for others who develop ulcers or internal bleeding, the health consequences can be major. gastric problems can often be avoided by taking the lowest recommended daily dosage or using enteric, or coated


##pirin. for many it is mild, but for others who develop ulcers or internal bleeding, the health consequences can be major. gastric problems can often be avoided by taking the lowest recommended daily dosage or using enteric, or coated aspirin. people who suffer from severe liver or kidney disease should also avoid aspirin, as should those who consume three or more alcoholic drinks each day. people who are allergic to aspirin, as evidenced by facial swelling or an asthma attack, also must not take aspirin. high blood pressure, while posing a significant risk for heart attack and stroke, must be brought under control before initiating daily aspirin. high blood pressure greatly increases the risk for hemorrhagic strokes, the type caused by rupture of a small blood vessel and resultant blood leakage into the brain. the anticoagulant properties of aspirin can exacerbate this kind of stroke. people who have been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation need anticoagulant medication, but aspirin is typically not adequate for their needs. most are advised to take warfarin ( coumadin ), a stronger medication that is generally not combined with aspirin. for minor aches and pains, patients on warfarin should take acetaminophen or another non - aspirin analgesic. daily aspirin therapy can be a lifesaver for many, but because of the risks, do not start a program without consulting your physician. also discuss the best daily dosage for you, which can safely range from 50 mg to 325 mg a day. even if you decide not to take a daily aspirin, keep a bottle of chewable baby aspirin in your car and in your medicine cabinet. it ’ s important to have one on hand in case of a heart attack. take two 81 - mg tablets as soon as any heart attack symptom, such as chest pain or tightness, arises. then go to a hospital emergency room or call 911 at once. aspirin, however, should not be taken at the time of a stroke. symptoms may include sudden severe headache, dizziness, blurred vision, confusion, weakness or trouble speaking or understanding speech. before a medical evaluation, it is impossible to determine if a stroke is hemorrhagic, which may worsen with aspirin.


it ' s time to talk... about underage drinking april is alcohol awareness month. are you talking to your teen about alcohol? for many parents, bringing up the subject of alcohol is no easy matter. your young teen may try to dodge the discussion, and you yourself may feel unsure about how to proceed. to make the most of your conversation, take some time to think about the issues you want to discuss before you talk with your child. consider too how your child might react and ways you might respond to your youngster ’ s questions and feelings. then choose a time to talk when both you and your child have some “ down time ” and are feeling relaxed. you don ’ t need to cover everything at once. in fact, you ’ re likely to have a greater impact on your child ’ s decisions about drinking by having a number of talks about alcohol use throughout his or her adolescence. think of this talk with your child as the first part of an ongoing conversation. and remember, do make it a conversation, not a lecture! you might begin by finding out what your child thinks about alcohol and drinking. your child ’ s views about alcohol. ask your young teen what he or she knows about alcohol and what he or she thinks about teen drinking. ask your child why he or she thinks kids drink. listen carefully without interrupting. not only will this approach help your child to feel heard and respected, but it can serve as a natural “ lead - in ” to discussing alcohol topics. important facts about alcohol. although many kids believe that they already know everything about alcohol, myths and misinformation abound. here are some important facts to share : alcohol is a powerful drug that slows down the body and mind. it impairs coordination ; slows reaction time ; and impairs vision, clear thinking, and judgment. beer and wine are not “ safer ” than hard liquor. a 12 - ounce can of beer, a 5 - ounce glass of wine, and 1. 5 ounces of hard liquor all contain the same amount of alcohol and have the same effects on the body and mind. on average, it takes 2 to 3 hours for a single drink to leave a person ’ s system. nothing can speed up this process, including drinking coffee, taking a cold shower, or “ walking it off. ” people tend to be very bad at judging how seriously alcohol has affected them. that means many individuals who drive after drinking think they can control a car — but actually cannot. anyone can develop a serious alcohol


cold shower, or “ walking it off. ” people tend to be very bad at judging how seriously alcohol has affected them. that means many individuals who drive after drinking think they can control a car — but actually cannot. anyone can develop a serious alcohol problem, including a teenager. good reasons not to drink. in talking with your child about reasons to avoid alcohol, stay away from scare tactics. most young teens are aware that many people drink without problems, so it is important to discuss the consequences of alcohol use without overstating the case. some good reasons why teens should not drink : you want your child to avoid alcohol. clearly state your own expectations about your child ’ s drinking. your values and attitudes count with your child, even though he or she may not always show it. to maintain self - respect. teens say the best way to persuade them to avoid alcohol is to appeal to their self - respect — let them know that they are too smart and have too much going for them to need the crutch of alcohol. teens also are likely to pay attention to examples of how alcohol might lead to embarrassing situations or events — things that might damage their self - respect or alter important relationships. drinking is illegal. because alcohol use under the age of 21 is illegal, getting caught may mean trouble with the authorities. even if getting caught doesn ’ t lead to police action, the parents of your child ’ s friends may no longer permit them to associate with your child. drinking can be dangerous. one of the leading causes of teen deaths is motor vehicle crashes involving alcohol. drinking also makes a young person more vulnerable to sexual assault and unprotected sex. and while your teen may believe he or she wouldn ’ t engage in hazardous activities after drinking, point out that because alcohol impairs judgment, a drinker is very likely to think such activities won ’ t be dangerous. you have a family history of alcoholism. if one or more members of your family has suffered from alcoholism, your child may be somewhat more vulnerable to developing a drinking problem. alcohol affects young people differently than adults. drinking while the brain is still maturing may lead to long - lasting intellectual effects and may even increase the likelihood of developing alcohol dependence later in life. if you would like to learn more about how underage alcohol consumption affects teens, and how you can prevent your teen from using, join us for our next community forum on underage drinking at the community services buildign on may 14th at 7 : 00pm. if you have questions about the event contact holly z


protein critical for insulin secretion may be contributor to diabetes october 26, 2009 a cellular protein from a family involved in several human diseases is crucial for the proper production and release of insulin, new research has found, suggesting that the protein might play a role in diabetes. mice lacking the clc - 3 channel, a passageway that allows negatively charged chloride ions to pass through cell membranes, have only one - fifth the circulating insulin of normal mice, according to research published this month in the journal cell metabolism. researchers deborah nelson and louis philipson of the university of chicago, senior authors on the paper, argue that the finding may explain a portion of what goes wrong in type 2 diabetes and could help doctors find rare patients whose diabetes has a previously - undetected genetic origin. " chloride regulation is not really well understood, but it ' s at the heart of cystic fibrosis, and it is related to the regulation of how insulin gets made, " said philipson, professor of medicine and medical director of the kovler diabetes center at the university of chicago. " now we see that it ' s a critical feature of how insulin gets converted from a precursor form to its most active form. " insulin is made and released by specialized pancreas cells called beta - cells. the cell first synthesizes a protein called pro - insulin, discovered forty years ago at the university of chicago by donald steiner, which is then put inside structures called secretory granules. inside the secretory granule, proinsulin is chemically converted into insulin, and the granule moves to the cell surface where it can release insulin into the blood. steiner discovered that the conversion of proinsulin to insulin must happen in an acidic environment, but how the granules make themselves acidic was unknown. a team lead by ludmila deriy, a research assistant professor in nelson ' s laboratory, studied genetic knockout mice missing the clc - 3 chloride channel. the blood of those mice contained lower levels of insulin and cellular measurements discovered that fewer granules were released by beta - cells from clc - 3 knockouts and that the granules of clc - 3 knockout mice were less acidic than those from normal mice. high - powered electron microscope images allowed researchers to observe that the granules of clc - 3 knockout mice contained higher amounts of proinsulin than granules from normal mice. missing clc - 3 therefore appears to cause a dramatic slowdown of the conversion of proinsulin to insulin inside the granules, said nelson, professor of ne


3 knockout mice contained higher amounts of proinsulin than granules from normal mice. missing clc - 3 therefore appears to cause a dramatic slowdown of the conversion of proinsulin to insulin inside the granules, said nelson, professor of neurobiology at the university of chicago. " not only is release down, but what is released is not as efficacious a molecule, " nelson said. " it ' s pro - insulin rather insulin, if anything ' s released at all. " a mutation in the function of clc - 3 in humans could very well be the cause of a select few cases of juvenile diabetes, nelson and philipson said. however, while other clc proteins have been linked to bone, muscle and kidney disease, no human case of diabetes has yet been linked to the function of this specific protein. because clc - 3 knockout mice also experience epileptic seizures, a patient diagnosed with both epilepsy and diabetes could potentially have an undetected defect in their clc - 3 channel. " if it happens that there ' s epilepsy and diabetes, it ' s not currently recognized as a syndrome, " philipson said. " we would be extremely interested in cases like that. " finding a patient with this rare form of genetically - caused diabetes could be aided by efforts such as lilly ' s law, an illinois legislation signed in august that created a statewide diabetes registry. the law requires that doctors report all diagnoses of children younger than 12 months to the state department of public health. scientists can then test those children to see if their disease is caused by a genetic mutation, knowledge that can improve the child ' s treatment. the law is named for lilly jaffe, a girl diagnosed with type 1 diabetes that was treated by philipson and university of chicago medical center colleagues in 2006. lilly was found to have a rare genetic mutation in a different cellular protein, meaning her disease was treatable with oral medication rather than insulin injections. a mutation of the clc - 3 channel would probably still be treated with insulin rather than an oral medication. but observing clc - 3 function in humans may provide insight into type 2 diabetes as well, philipson said, as the disruption of insulin production and secretion resembles cellular effects seen in adult - onset diabetes. " we know that type 2 diabetes is a progressive illness where insulin secretion is high and then goes down over time, but why does it do that? this ties some connection between chloride channels and granular function to the ability of


- onset diabetes. " we know that type 2 diabetes is a progressive illness where insulin secretion is high and then goes down over time, but why does it do that? this ties some connection between chloride channels and granular function to the ability of insulin to come out of the cell, " philipson said. " this could be an important pathway in type 2 diabetes, so it ' s not just the rare patient that ' s affected, it ' s 25 million people in the united states. " the study, " the granular chloride channel clc - 3 is permissive for insulin secretion, " was published in the journal cell metabolism on october 7. alongside deriy, philipson, and nelson, erwin gomez, david jacobson, xueqing wang, jessika hopson, xiang liu, guangping zhang, and vytautas bindokas are listed as authors. all authors come from the university of chicago. funding for the research was provided by the national institutes of health and by the university of chicago diabetes research and training center. the university of chicago medicine 950 e. 61st street, third floor chicago, il 60637 phone ( 773 ) 702 - 0025 fax ( 773 ) 702 - 3171


get answers to your heart disease prevention questions. first aid - heart attack ; first aid - cardiopulmonary arrest ; first aid - cardiac arrest a heart attack is a medical emergency. call 911 or your local emergency number if you think you or someone else is having a heart attack. the average person waits 3 hours before seeking help for symptoms of a heart attack. many heart attack patients die before they reach a hospital. the sooner the person gets to the emergency room, the better the chance of survival. prompt medical treatment reduces the amount of heart damage. this article discusses what to do if you think someone may be having a heart attack. for more information on the condition itself, see : heart attack. a heart attack occurs when the blood flow that carries oxygen to the heart is blocked. the heart muscle becomes starved for oxygen and begins to die. see : heart attack symptoms of a heart attack can vary from person to person. they may be mild or severe. women, the elderly, and people with diabetes are more likely to have subtle or unusual symptoms. symptoms in adults may include : call 911 or your local emergency number immediately if the person : adults should take steps to control heart disease risk factors whenever possible. hollander je. acute coronary syndromes. acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina. in : tintinalli je, kelen gd, stapczynski js, ma oj, cline dm, eds. emergency medcinie : a comprehensive study guide. 6th ed. new york, ny : mcgraw - hill ; 2004 : chap 50. anderson jl, adams cd, antman em, bridges cr, califf rm, casey de jr., et al. acc / aha 2007 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina / non - st - elevation myocardial infarction : a report of the american college of cardiology / american heart association task force on practice guidelines ( writing committee to revise the 2002 guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina / non - st - elevation myocardial infarction ) developed in collaboration with the american college of emergency physicians, the society for cardiovascular angiography and interventions, and the society of thoracic surgeons endorsed by the american association of cardiovascular and pulmonary rehabilitation and the society for academic emergency medicine. j am coll cardiol. 2007 ; 50 : e1 - e157. brady wj, harrigan ra, chan tc. acute coronary syndrome. in : marx