may is skin cancer awareness month! one in five americans will develop skin cancer in their lifetime, and the incidence of skin cancer is increasing in the united states in all age groups. reduce your risk with these tips : - yearly skin exams by a dermatologist help to detect early skin cancers. - wear spf > 30 sunscreen daily. reapply every 2 hours, even on cloudy days. - wear protective clothing when outside. - seek shade when outside, especially between the hours of 10am and 4 pm. - avoid tanning beds. - get vitamin d safely through a healthy diet and vitamin supplements. with early detection and proper treatment the most common skin cancers are 95 % curable. so schedule your screening today and prevent skin cancer! common types of skin cancer actinic keratosis ( ak ) these appear as dry, scaly spots. they are considered the earliest stage of skin cancer. aks can progress to squamous cell carcinoma, so they are usually treated. they form on skin that gets a lot of sun exposure, such as face, scalp, neck, forearms and hands. basal cell carcinoma ( bcc ) this is the most common type of skin cancer, and, in fact, is the most common type of cancer in the world. it presents as a white or pearly bump that may bleed if disturbed. bcc develops in sun exposed areas. if left untreated, it will enlarge and may damage normal structures in the area. it almost never spreads to distant parts of the body. squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) this is the second most common type of skin cancer. it usually presents as a red, scaly area that may or may not be tender. if left untreated, it will grow larger. if left too long, or if the growth pattern ( determined by biopsy ) is aggressive, this type of cancer can spread to lymph nodes and other parts of the body. most often, however, it does not. this cancer is less common, but is the most serious of the three. it usually presents as a new or changing mole, but can present as a red bump. depending on the depth of the tumor ( determined by biopsy ) and growth pattern, it can spread rapidly to lymph nodes, the lungs or the brain. most melanomas spread laterally for some time, making the likelihood of catching it at an early stage greater. some, however, start their lives growing deep and


, it can spread rapidly to lymph nodes, the lungs or the brain. most melanomas spread laterally for some time, making the likelihood of catching it at an early stage greater. some, however, start their lives growing deep and fast, and even with early intervention, may spread. in most patients these three types of skin cancer are associated with past and current sun exposure. it is important that you protect yourself from the sun, to help prevent further skin cancers or pre - cancerous changes. if you have had one of these cancers, you will need follow - up visits to a dermatologist throughout your life. this is to check for new cancers and to make sure the original cancer does not recur. what are the warning signs of melanoma? a change in an existing mole or a new dark mole that develops is often a first sign of melanoma. the abcde warning signs of melanoma can help detect change : a - asymmetry b - border irregularity c - color change d - diameter > 6mm e - evolution or change in an existing mole sun exposure, light skin, family history of skin cancer, types of moles, number of moles regular skin exams are important with early detection and treatment, the cure rate for scc and bcc is 95 %. if melanoma is detected before it spreads, the cure is also high. regular skin exams by a dermatologist help patients find skin cancer when they are most treatable. younger patients are developing skin cancer because of tanning bed use. if anyone has had a significant tanning bed use history, they should be screened in their 30s. tips for protecting your skin 1. apply a broad spectrum sunscreen daily with an spf of 30 or higher. reapply every 2 hours, even on cloudy days. 2. sun avoidance if possible or seek shade when outside between the hours of 10 am and 4 pm. 3. wear protective clothing 4. vitamin d can be maintained with healthy diets and vitamin supplements. 5. avoid tanning beds if you have any questions or concerns about skin cancer or moles, please call our office at 225 - 214 - 3199 to make an appointment with dr. laci theunissen. dermatology at bocage dr. laci theunissen, our board certified dermatologist, is an expert in treating and preventing diseases of the skin, scalp, hair and nails. in addition to treating common skin conditions such as acne, warts,


bocage dr. laci theunissen, our board certified dermatologist, is an expert in treating and preventing diseases of the skin, scalp, hair and nails. in addition to treating common skin conditions such as acne, warts, moles, eczema, psoriasis and skin cancer, patients have access to many specialized treatments and services, including : - laser hair removal - vein reduction - tan towel meet our provider dr. laci theunissen, md board certified in dermatology laci theunissen, md earned her degree in medicine from the louisiana state university school of medicine and completed her internship at the louisiana state university health sciences center, both in new orleans. she performed her residency in dermatology at the university of oklahoma health science center in oklahoma city. if you need to find a dermatologist in baton rouge, make an appointment today by calling ( 225 ) 214 - 3199, or request an appointment using your mychart account. if you are a new patient, please click here to download the new patient forms. print, complete and bring with you on your first visit. dermatology at bocage 7855 jefferson hwy. baton rouge, la 70809 phone : ( 225 ) 214 - 3199 fax : ( 225 ) 214 - 8011


rosalind williams has a special place in the struggle against discrimination by european police forces against people of color and ethnic minorities. twenty years ago, she was stopped and asked for her identity papers by spanish police in a railway station. an african - american who had acquired spanish citizenship by marriage, she was travelling with her husband and son ; they were left alone by the police. the police officer explained he was obliged to stop people “ who looked like her, ” due to an order from the ministry of the interior, aimed at detecting illegal immigrants under the discriminatory assumption that spanish nationals could only be white. thus, the ministry ordered that people of color must produce their identity documents to the police whenever asked. rosalind was rightly shocked and angry. she filed a court complaint, which went all the way to the spanish constitutional court, where it was finally ruled upon in 2001, nine years after the stop. in the majority ’ s view, the stop was not discriminatory, as “ specific physical or ethnic characteristics can be taken into consideration as reasonably indicative of the national origin of the person who has them. ” thus, spain became the only country in the eu to have its highest court sanction the use of ethnic profiling. represented by lawyers from the open society justice initiative and women ’ s link worldwide, she then complained to the un human rights committee, which in 2009 agreed that she had been subject to discrimination and urged the spanish government to change its policy and issue a public apology to rosalind. the hrc ’ s findings were echoed in subsequent reports from regional and international human rights bodies, including the european commission against racism and intolerance, the un committee for the elimination of racial discrimination, or the european advisory committee for the protection of national minorities. twenty years since she was stopped, we asked rosalind williams whether she thought anything has changed in spain. she said she thinks that “ there is a greater awareness and a greater concern ” about ethnic profiling, but that police officers have adapated by looking for “ more subtle ways to ask people for their identification. ” as a result, she concluded, “ i do not think ethnic profiling has stopped. ” this january, mutuma rutureere, the u. n. special rapporteur on contemporary forms of racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia, agreed with rosalind ’ s conclusion, after conducting an official visit to spain, where he met government and police officials and civil society groups. the information he received included a submission from the justice initiative highlighting the


racism, racial discrimination and xenophobia, agreed with rosalind ’ s conclusion, after conducting an official visit to spain, where he met government and police officials and civil society groups. the information he received included a submission from the justice initiative highlighting the continuing problem of ethnic profiling by the police, and offering recommendations to remedy the situation. at the end of his visit, mr. rutureere reported his concern regarding the on - going “ problem of identity checks by the police targeting particular ethnic groups, including minorities and migrants. ” he urged the state and police authorities to adopt specific measures to avoid and prevent these discriminatory practices. he will issue a full official report in june. last year, in response to the international pressure, as well as the demands of an increasing number of civil society organizations and grassroots groups, the spanish government issued an official directive urging police to avoid actions based solely upon ethnic criteria of a suspect. but although the directive, known as circular 2 / 2012, marked a positive first step, it is not legally binding ; nor has it failed to fully stop the practice. further, spain remains the only country in the eu where its highest court has sanctioned ethnic profiling. continued international attention is needed to support domestic efforts to encourage meaningful action. rosalind williams ’ view that not much has really changed is born out by evidence gathered by the brigadas vecinales de observacion de derechos humanos, a civil society group that attempts to document identity checks through public observation. according to their 2012 report on “ racist identity controls in madrid ” the organization documented 225 discriminatory police stops in madrid alone that occurred in the seven months since the issuance of the circular. this is especially troubling as the spanish national police reported nearly nine million identity checks in 2011 alone and the number of checks observed by the brigadas vecinales represents only a small percentage of those occurred. as spain becomes a more multiethnic country — today more than 12 percent of the population is of foreign descent — ethnic profiling increasingly stigmatizes and marginalizes a large and important growing part of spanish society. when asked if she regrets the 17 years of legal procedures she undertook to seek justice, williams responded : “ the short answer is no. the long answer is that there have been times of disappointments of course. sometimes i wanted to take my spanish passport and my u. s. passport and buy a one - way ticket to san francisco and never come back. but spain is home, just like the united states


one often hears the question : " may i read the bible that i received from a protestant? is it true that some of the books are missing from it? " the generous preachers from the west in a few years have provided the holy scriptures to nearly every desiring russian. much of the population came to protestant meetings only to acquire the bible as a gift. one must confess, in this manner the lord turned evil into good — through its own powers the moscow patriarchate would have had great difficulty publishing so many bibles. but may an orthodox person read them without damaging his soul? the difficulty lies in not who gave the bible, but what is printed in it. the overwhelming majority of " protestant " bibles in russian were printed from the synodal publication of the 19th century, and this is noted on the back side of the title page. if this reference is printed in the bible — it can be read without qualm, because the text of the holy books does not contain anything non - orthodox. but it is something else again if it is a " free " translation of the bible or separate bible books ( for example, " the word of life " ) and also bibles with commentaries. naturally, protestants comment on the word of god from their heretical point of view. there is another distinctive feature of western bible editions — the omission of eleven old testament books : tobias, judith, the wisdom of solomon, the wisdom of joshua son of sirach, the prophet baruch, the letters of jeremiah, the second and third books of ezdra, and three books of the maccabees. they are not part of the modern hebrew translation of the holy scriptures and are considered non - canonical, that is not entering the canon ( " example, " " rule " — greek ). in the truer greek translation of the bible these books exist. the slavic translation of the holy scriptures is taken from the greek text, therefore the non - canonical books are entered into it and traditionally remain in the national editions of the bible. in accordance to the orthodox catechism of st. philaret of moscow, the church offers its children the non - canonical books as pious reading, but does not extend to it the understanding of " god - inspired " that belongs to the canonical books. the non - canonical books are not read during services, if one does not count several readings from the book of the wisdom of solomon. so a bible taken from the protestants may be read for one ’ s spiritual benefit and edification


outdoor furnaces : a safe, cost - effective and environmentally responsible home heating alternative more people are realizing the benefits of outdoor wood - fired furnaces as a safe, cost - effective and environmentally responsible alternative for home and business heating. outdoor furnace facts provides information about : - pending revisions to federal regulations called the new source performance standards ( nsps ) currently in development with the united states environmental protection agency ( usepa ). revisions to the nsps will include outdoor furnaces and other classes of wood heating appliances. - how outdoor furnaces can benefit home and business owners. - what the best operating practices are to promote responsible use and to prevent and / or correct outdoor furnace misuse. - how you can take action to help support responsible best practices. - how you can provide information to municipalities to ensure proper outdoor furnace usage through best practice ordinances and advocacy. - where to find resources for common questions & answers, popular myths vs. facts, recent safety and environmental testing, up - to - date emissions standards, and various emissions reports. - usepa voluntary emissions reduction program ( s ) : - epa outdoor wood - fired hydronic heater ( owhh ) phase 1 program - epa hydronic heater ( hh ) phase 2 program outdoor furnaces, also referred to by some as outdoor hydronic heaters or outdoor wood boilers, burn renewable, biomass fuels that are “ carbon neutral, ” such as wood and wood pellets. this means they don ’ t generate a net increase in greenhouse gas emissions, as do fossil fuel generated electricity, natural gas, fuel oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, and coal. outdoor furnaces actually lessen our dependence on foreign oil and fossil fuels. learn more about outdoor furnaces


teaching kids to cook : 10 and older by the time kids are 10 or so, their reading skills are generally solid and they have enough focus to follow a recipe from start to finish. they have enough fine motor control to learn to use a knife safely, and can be taught to be careful taking things out of the oven. in addition to the skills mentioned in previous posts ( see above ), here are some skills that i try to make sure my kids begin to learn around this age : ~ ~ - chop and brown onions. if you can chop and brown an onion, you ’ ve mastered the first steps of literally thousands of recipes. here ’ s a good onion - chopping tutorial. when it comes to browning onions, the most important thing to teach kids is to let the skillet get medium hot before adding the oil and onions, then not stir until some of the onion develops some browning. once you ’ ve done it a few times, you ’ ll be able to smell when browning begins. then it is time to stir briefly and let the onions brown some more. properly browned onions adds lots of rich flavor to recipes, and all it takes is watching by someone willing to stand over the stove for a few minutes. ~ ~ make ramen with veggies. yeah, i know — ramen will never be health food. but kids love it, it ’ s exceedingly easy to cook, and by adding some veggies you can actually make it healthier and more flavorful. jazzy ramen stir - fry is a favorite at our house. feel free to adapt to your kid ’ s tastes by using veggies that he or she likes. ~ ~ make biscuits. here ’ s my favorite recipe. the biggest trick with biscuits is to not over - mix. blend just enough to get a cohesive dough, then quit and form your biscuits. once kids get the touch for that, they can be expert biscuit - makers. ~ ~ make cookies. for their first independent recipes, i usually start kids off with cookies, since they are high - interest, and fairly forgiving. have kids start by getting out all the ingredients so they won ’ t miss anything. be sure to explain the importance of mixing baking soda, baking powder and flour very well before adding wet ingredients. and for best success, do have them set the butter out an hour ahead of time so that it can be mixed in while at room temperature. if you ’ re one of those folks who has varying success with your chocolate


well before adding wet ingredients. and for best success, do have them set the butter out an hour ahead of time so that it can be mixed in while at room temperature. if you ’ re one of those folks who has varying success with your chocolate chip cookies, be sure to click on the picture to the left. it links to a website that explains how to make great chocolate cookies step by step, and describes how to avoid common cookie problems. ~ ~ bake bread. yes, really. here ’ s a ridiculously easy recipe for a crisp artisan - style bread that even a younger child can make. or if you don ’ t have the dutch oven required in that recipe, try this recipe for oatmeal bread. really, with kids over 10 who can read and follow directions, the sky is the limit when it comes to cooking. their enthusiasm will usually be highest if you let them tell you what they ’ re interested in trying. a couple of my daughters baked cookies for years simply because they loved it. but even uninterested kids get cooking assignments at our house. another daughter was markedly uninterested in cooking in any form. since i wanted her to gain skill ( and i knew she enjoyed eating cookies ), i assigned cookie - baking to her every week for several months until she mastered it. now she can whip through a cookie recipe in no time flat, and has actually begun to enjoy it. i ’ m moving her on to bread - baking next, and for the next few months plan to give cookie - baking to my 13 year old son who doesn ’ t have that skill learned well yet. along with systematically giving kids practice at recipes on their own, i also routinely break down dinners into smaller chunks, asking each kid to do a portion. for example, if i ’ m gone doing errands just before meal time, i ’ ll often call home and ask one kid to set water on to boil, another to cut an onion, and another to brown a pound of ground beef. by the time i get home half an hour later, preparation for a spaghetti dinner is well under way, and is easy for me to finish. and whether kids realize it or not, having helped with even a small portion of the meal gives them an awareness of what it takes to make that particular meal, as well as the ability to see cooking as doable instead if mysterious. how about you? how do you train your older kids to cook? more like this : pin it


| carbon dioxide sensor usage in the power center for the performing arts | carbon dioxide ( co2 ) sensors can be installed in areas that have infrequent or irregular occupancy patterns, such as auditoriums and classrooms. the sensors allow the ventilation system to be controlled by the concentration of co2 present in the space, thereby reducing the amount of ventilation required during unoccupied times. as the space becomes occupied, the sensors will detect an increase of co2 and adjust the amount of outside air needed. co2 sensors, as well as other energy saving equipment, were installed in the power center for the performing arts on the university of michigan ' s ann arbor campus in 1994. overview of procedure the system is designed to work efficiently in large open spaces including auditoriums, classrooms, or conference rooms. placement of sensor locations within a given space is critical for the system to work properly. if the sensors are not located correctly, fluctuations in temperature and overall comfort within the room may be observed. in addition, errors in measurement and varying co2 concentrations over time can cause low readings that may be misleading. elevated co2 may be due to various causes alone or in combination, such as : increased occupant population, poor air distribution, and poor air mixing. smoke tubes and temperature profiles may help to clarify air circulation patterns. & health precautions / personal protective equipment periodic maintenance of the sensors is required to ensure that acceptable air quality is maintained. the overall calculated energy savings, not directly related to the co2 sensors, for the power center for the performing arts in fiscal years 1995 and 1996 were $ 29, 000 and $ 32, 000, respectively.


facts about various neurological health conditions - alzheimer ’ s disease affects 4. 5 million americans. - it is estimated that one in six people will develop alzheimer ’ s disease. - the number of people suffering from alzheimer ’ s disease has doubled since 1980. - alzheimer ’ s disease is the sixth leading cause of death in california. - 25 % of women and 8 % of men will experience a migraine once in their lifetime. - migraines have a tendency to run in the family : four out of five migraine sufferers have a family history of migraines. - approximately one in 272 americans are diagnosed with parkinson ’ s disease. - 70, 000 americans are diagnosed with parkinson ’ s disease each year. - advancing age is the only known risk factor for the development of parkinson ’ s disease ( excluding early - onset type ). - 20, 000 americans are diagnosed with epilepsy each year. - epilepsy and seizures affect 3 million americans according to the epilepsy foundation. - 10 % of american population will experience a seizure. - approximately 350, 000 - 500, 00 people are diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in the united states. - women are twice as likely to develop ms than men. - multiple sclerosis is the most common and disabling neurological disorder in young adults. - ms is most likely to occur between the ages of 20 - 50


ddt ' debate ' losing steam when ddt was introduced more than 60 years ago, it initially scored victory after victory in the fight against malaria — nearly eliminating the deadly disease in many areas. but these wins were mostly short - lived, as mosquitoes rapidly developed resistance to the chemical. today, its effectiveness is a fraction of what it once was ; meanwhile an arsenal of better and safer anti - malaria interventions has been developed, including effective chemical - free strategies. and so, under the auspices of the stockholm convention, the nations of the world have committed to phasing out ddt, while allowing it to be used in the short - term in those few places where it ' s still effective and other methods of malaria control are unavailable. this is an approach pan enthusiastically supports. unfortunately, ddt use isn ' t confined to these situations. it remains the first and only line of defense against malaria in some parts of the world, even in areas where resistance to it is high among mosquito populations, as discussed in a recent report. so while experts agree that ddt can occasionally play an important role in a multi - pronged approach to malaria control, it ' s become clear that often its use is anything but judicious. a mountain of evidence on health effects compounding the situation is the failure by many to take seriously the health effects of ddt. a mountain of research exists linking ddt exposure to various human health harms ( see the the pine river statement for an excellent review of over 400 studies ). unfortunately, this evidence has been disregarded by public health officials in some malarial areas. a good example is a recent paper coauthored by a senior medical officer for uganda ' s malaria control programme. the authors measured liver enzyme levels in workers engaged in indoor residual spraying ( irs ) of ddt, and finding them to be within normal ranges, leap to the conclusion that their results " confirm the safety of ddt as used in irs operations " — a statement that ignores not only the hundreds of studies that do find connections between ddt and disease ( including a similar study that did find abnormal enzyme levels in sprayers ), but also the fact that many diseases don ' t affect liver enzyme levels. or consider the declaration by the namibian minister of health that " ddt is safe for humans and the environment. since the 1940s thousands of scientific studies have investigated potential harm to human health from ddt. almost all these studies are weak, inconclusive or contradictory ; in other words there is no evidence of harm. "


is safe for humans and the environment. since the 1940s thousands of scientific studies have investigated potential harm to human health from ddt. almost all these studies are weak, inconclusive or contradictory ; in other words there is no evidence of harm. " against this background of denial i was encouraged to see a brand new article in environmental health perspectives ( ehp ) that unequivocally repudiates such statements. " ddt and malaria prevention : addressing the paradox, " coauthored by south african ddt expert henk bouwman, states that given the current evidence, an unqualified statement that ddt as used in irs is safe is untenable. the authors urge a precautionary approach to using ddt, including " use and exposure reduction. " the paper divides the spectrum of views on ddt into three camps : pro -, anti -, and centrist, and concludes that the centrist take on ddt is " the only logical and rational conclusion. " interestingly, all of their examples of the pro - ddt position come from africa fighting malaria, a washington, dc - based, anti - regulation front group that promotes ddt as a virtual silver bullet for malaria control. afm ' s pro - corporate, anti - environment agenda and its connections to conservative think - tanks has been the subject of several articles in the progressive media. ( in case you ' re wondering : while the paper doesn ' t mention pan specifically, it notes only one instance of " outright anti - ddt activity " and it ' s not us, so presumably the authors include pan and our allies within the logic and rationality of the centrist position. ) ddt promoters still trying this is the second time in the past year that afm has been called out in ehp. in july, a letter from malaria experts hans herren and charles mbogo said that afm ' s habit of... reduc [ ing ] the complex issue of malaria control to a single, dichotomous choice between ddt and malaria... is a dangerous oversimplification and a distraction from the critical dialog on how to effectively combat malaria around the world — particularly in african communities. and still afm fights on, even as their views are called " untenable " and used as examples of an unreasonable position. in a new logic - defying paper, they criticize latin america ' s recent, successful, ddt - free fight against malaria. they assert that by highlighting these success


called " untenable " and used as examples of an unreasonable position. in a new logic - defying paper, they criticize latin america ' s recent, successful, ddt - free fight against malaria. they assert that by highlighting these success stories, " un agencies are misleading the public by claiming that malaria can be controlled without insecticides, notably ddt. " you can ' t make this stuff up. they argue that the decreases in malaria in the region were due to the better distribution of malaria drugs rather than the introduction of insecticide - free mosquito control techniques, as reported by the un. but whether the success is due to better drug distribution or the new vector control measures is irrelevant : malaria incidence still went down without the use of ddt or other insecticides. when the pine river statement was published in 2009, lead author brenda eskenazi noted in an accompanying press release that : " clearly, more research is needed … but in the meantime, ddt should really be the last resort against malaria, rather than the first line of defense. " slowly but surely the use of ddt is moving towards this ideal. let ' s hope the concerted efforts of logic - challenged groups like afm don ' t stand in the way. update ( march 8, 2011 ) : the data in the afm paper mentioned above ( the one criticizing un for highlighting successful ddt - free anti - malaria projects in latin america ) appears to have been manipulated by the authors. tim lambert has the analysis on his blog here.


why you shouldn ' t watch tv news with your child you ' re probably pretty careful not to let your kids watch very violent or frightening shows on tv. but a recent study found that children actually find the news far more terrifying than anything they ' d see on a blood - and - guts drama like csi. the researchers showed nearly 600 kids ages 8 to 12 disturbing tv content - - things like war images, people shooting at each other, house fires, and plane crashes - - then told them what they were watching was either a fictional " hollywood show " or an actual news program. " we found that the children who thought they were seeing real events had significantly higher fright responses - - they showed a greater emotional reaction - - than those who believed they were watching a fictional show, " says study coauthor brad bushman, ph. d., a professor of psychology and communication studies at the university of michigan. and the effects, he adds, were lasting. the kids worried about the images they had seen - - that it might happen to them or their families - - long after the tv was turned off. " i think it ' s easy to underestimate how upsetting violent content can be to children - - partly because we ' re so used to it and also, perhaps, because we don ' t think young kids really understand or are paying attention to what they ' re seeing, " says bushman. " but it can cause a great deal of anxiety and problems like trouble sleeping. " that ' s reason enough for us. dvr your favorite anchor and watch after the kids hit the sack, or stay up - to - date through your favorite websites.


cambodian children ’ s mystery illness identified by doctors doctors from the world health organization and other groups have finally identified the cause of the mysterious illness that has claimed the lives of more than 60 cambodian children, cnn is reporting. the illness appears to be a combination of viral pathogens, some of which are mosquito - borne, and it is apparently exacerbated by the use of steroid medications. from cnn. com : the pathogens include enterovirus 71, which is known to cause neurological disease ; streptococcus suis, which can cause infections like bacterial meningitis in people who have close contact with pigs or with pork products ; and dengue, which is transmitted by mosquitoes. the inappropriate use of steroids, which can suppress the immune system, worsened the illness in a majority of the patients, the doctors said. the world health organization ( who ) is expected to advise health care workers to refrain from using steroids in patients with signs and symptoms of the infection, which include severe fever, encephalitis and breathing difficulties. while not all the microorganisms were present in each patient, doctors concluded the illness was caused by a combination of them and worsened by steroid use. the who sources did not want to be identified because the results of the health organization ’ s investigation have not yet been made public. “ i ’ m very confident for the reason of the epidemic, ” said dr. phillipe buchy, chief of virology at the institut pasteur in cambodia and one of the doctors who cracked the case.


wednesday, june 29th, 2011 it can be hard to get scientists to agree on things. but these days there is consensus that kids these days are not getting enough sleep, and a recent paper confirms this. researchers reviewed published data on sleep duration for 5 - 18 year olds, gathered between 1905 and 2008. the published papers represented data from 690, 747 youth drawn from 20 countries. they found a notable and systematic decline in average number of hours of sleep over this 103 year period. the net result is that children today sleep, on average, 1 hour less per night. this pattern was especially true for youth in the us, europe, canada, and asia. it ’ s important to keep in mind that while 1 hour per night may not sound like a lot, this adds up to a lot of sleep loss over days, weeks, months, and years — all of which can take a toll on the body, especially in childhood and adolescence. there are certainly individual differences in sleep — some kids need more, some can get by with less. a good start point for parents is to consider the guidelines for different age groups such as those published by the national sleep foundation. note that there are ranges for each age that try to account for the innate differences between kids. so if your child is getting less sleep than the recommended lower limit, it may be worthwhile to discuss this with your pediatrician to determine if you should try to promote longer sleep. lack of sleep can have many effects on behavior and health. in my next post, i will present the findings of two recent papers that demonstrate how shortened sleep in toddlerhood can have an effect on unhealthy increases in fat mass later in childhood — a potential first step toward risk for diabetes and heart disease.


military training. classes included engineering, aerodynamics, and communications. after finishing their education at yale university, these cadets were commissioned officers. courtesy florida state archives the air corps also took over the luxurious oceanfront boca raton club to house trainees and officers from the radar training school. residents reported conditions were anything but elegant, however. the expensive furnishings had been replaced by standard army bunks housing eight to a room, the swimming pool was boarded over, poor water pressure made bathing difficult, and a rigorous schedule allowed no excuses. when the club became too crowded, the grounds, including the golf course, turned into a tent camp. african - american soldiers were segregated in squadron f. their housing, meals, training, and recreation were all separate from the white soldiers. although boca raton ’ s population was only 723 in 1940, during the war years it increased by 30, 000 servicemen and women, civilian employees, and their families. over 100, 000 troops passed through boca raton for training or en route to service in the pacific or europe. the activity created a boom for the area, as boca raton residents alone could not fill all the needs of the military. in 1944 j. myer schine bought the boca raton club and modernized it for a new life as the boca raton hotel and club. the boca raton army air field operated until 1947. to learn more about boca raton army air field and world war ii in palm beach county, click here. post - war military secrets after world war ii, the boca raton army air field was shut down except for 838 acres known as boca raton air force auxiliary field, a backup for morrison field. from 1952 to 1957, during the cold war with the soviet union, another 85. 4 acres to the north were used for top - secret military activities. the palm beach post made it public in 2001 after obtaining official documents and interviewing veterans and experts. during the cold war, the u. s. government pursued the development of biological weapons for use in the event the soviet union initiated a biological war. the military spent about $ 8 million, in 1950s dollars, on a program designed to stop wheat production and force the soviets to choose between surrender and feeding their civilian population. boca raton was one of many research sites scattered around the country, including immokalee, belle glade, and ft. pierce in florida. boca raton was chosen for its isolation, size, and climate. the u. s. chemical corps recruited enlisted men from the


research sites scattered around the country, including immokalee, belle glade, and ft. pierce in florida. boca raton was chosen for its isolation, size, and climate. the u. s. chemical corps recruited enlisted men from the farm states of the midwest. close to a hundred men worked from a large laboratory in a quonset hut at the north end of the test site. no one wore uniforms, and vehicles were painted black. the men planted wheat between and along the runways of the former airfield, now the site of the boca raton airport and florida atlantic university. when the wheat was about a foot high, it was sprayed with a fungus called “ stem rust of rye, ” which formed spores that multiplied rapidly. every three days, the men vacuumed up the resulting millions of spores and packed them in one - to - two gallon stainless steel containers, which were driven to the avon park bombing range, near sebring. from there they were flown to an unknown destination. courtesy u. s. army if biological warfare became necessary, the spores were to be dusted onto chicken feathers, then loaded into a container that would explode about 500 feet off the ground, spreading the feathers ; the fungus spores would destroy the wheat crops in about 24 hours. in 1957 the chemical corps shut down the secret operation at boca raton and kept only a skeleton crew at the base. two years later, the military turned over the remaining property to the city of boca raton and the state of florida. the wheat disease gathered from boca raton and related sites was destroyed in 1969 by order of president nixon. a 1994 u. s. army corps of engineers survey found nothing harmful at the test site in boca raton. u. s. senator bill nelson initiated a senate investigation of the program after the department of defense refused his request for information.


get flash to fully experience pearltrees using an ipad is simple due to its intuitive interface, elegant touch interface, and user - friendly operating system. below we ’ ve listed 23 different tasks a teacher should be able to perform with their ipad. we ’ ve tried to focus on the basics, along with some typical tasks a teacher may be required to complete. an ipad and apple tv can combine to provide an advantageous alternative to more expensive, traditional interactive white boards. guest writer and high school principal da vi d m aha ley is using this approach and offers his insights, and observations from educators in his school. with the integration of the ipad into the instructional environment, teachers and students have discovered many new ways in which the device can expand and enhance the learning environment. with the ipad, the apple tv can offer a flexible, complete, and cost efficient alternative to the traditional interactive boards populating our classrooms. image by k. walsh, apple tv logo source : www. apple. com / appletv don ' t forget to pack some apps with that lunch box when the kids go back to school. source : herald sun the start of the new school year is a little over a week away, but before you fill those school bags, lunch boxes and pencil cases, fill up your smartphone or tablet with some great educational apps and get a head start on study. storytelling continues to gain popularity as an educational activity as it stimulates a deep thinking process, it provides opportunities for reflection and it enhances and enriches the learning experience for our students. storytelling is a very powerful way of communicating with our peers and portrays to others who we are and what our own stories are. it also provides an opportunity to connect with a group by creating a shared experience. this is vital in any community but more so in an educational setting where we are nurturing and fostering creativity. ipads have exploded throughout schools and classrooms. their flexibility, versatility, and mobility make them a phenomenal learning tool. as teachers seek ways to integrate these devices, we recommend focusing on specific learning goals that promote critical - thinking, creativity, collaboration, and the creation of student - centric learning environments. below, you will find a list of objectives, each one connecting to recommended apps and tools. i want my students to... an absolute gem of an article by john brandon and graham barlow from maclife on 30th march over at techradar. this is going to become my ipad manual from here on in. customised ipads for all ipad 2 tips and


... an absolute gem of an article by john brandon and graham barlow from maclife on 30th march over at techradar. this is going to become my ipad manual from here on in. customised ipads for all ipad 2 tips and original ipad tips - get ' em here! with great new features like two video cameras, a faster processor and a thinner design, the ipad 2 is the world ' s best tablet device. interactive and collaborative - whiteboards are a great way for teachers to explain concepts to their students. with the ability of some ipad apps to record, you ensure that students who did not develop understanding of the concept the first time have the opportunity to watch and listen again and again. working in small groups or brainstorming as a class, collaborative whiteboards are a great way to share ideas. work in the same room, on the same network or even from different parts of the country. no matter what you are working on these interactive whiteboards are a great way to document or record your thinking process. educreations : free educreations turns your ipad into a recordable whiteboard. welcome to the ‘ ipad in education ’ web site - concerned with using apple ’ s ipad for learning and teaching. although this is based in the uk, the site ’ s content will reflect practice from other counties and contexts in order to explore and learn from a wide field. i am ian wilson, a freelance apple professional development authorised trainer based in the north west of england ( twitter : @ ian _ _ wilson ). ipad for teaching & learning most of what we do is for the students. the focus of this and many other blogs and websites is about learning, and rightly so, but there are also apps that will make our jobs easier too. i am talking about that catergory of apps that are designed specifically for the classroom teacher. a better app may be edmodo, it combines all of these tools into an easy to use site students enjoy going to. by nov 21 it ’ s time for holiday road trips and you know what that means : driving, flying, cranky kids, and … teaching opportunities! what ’ s that, you say? well, there is so much downtime during the holidays where kids and adults spend hours just passing the time … why not try out some new apps on your phone? many of these apps were found by the teaching palette, be sure to check out their fantastic site for more helpful resources! i often receive emails from developers of education apps, so i


the time … why not try out some new apps on your phone? many of these apps were found by the teaching palette, be sure to check out their fantastic site for more helpful resources! i often receive emails from developers of education apps, so i thought that it might be useful to share some of the fantastic applications that are being created to support learning : 1 ) happi spells - ” happi spells ” is a crossword spelling game where children can practice spelling by dragging letter tiles on to 48 different mini crossword puzzles. compete for “ snails ” and try to improve your own high score! 2 ) i learn with – languages! - a fun educational game to help children aged from 3 to 7 years old to learn their first words and short sentences in a foreign language. find out more in the video below : if you ' ve got yourself a new ipad 4 or ipad mini, you ' ll want to start downloading the best ipad apps straight away. and if you already have an ipad 3 or older ipad, you might want to update it with some new apps. it ' s the apps that really set ios apart from other platforms - there are far more apps available on the app store for the ipad than any other tablet. so which which ones are worth your cash? and which are the best free apps? 5 free issues of our new technology magazine for the ipad. after seeing the chart on of bloom ' s taxonomy on bloomsapps, i thought i could make a more thorough table. i like the headings that were used in the chart. creating compile information together in a different way by combining elements in a new pattern or proposing alternative solutions. create predict image


gastric dilation in rabbits gastric dilation is a syndrome in which the stomach expands ( dilates ) due to excess gas and fluid, resulting in complex local and systemic changes in the digestive tract. in most cases, it occurs due to foreign body obstruction. in rare instances, the stomach dilates in the absence of a foreign body. in either case, a mechanical or functional obstruction occurs at the opening of the stomach into the intestine, and fluid or semi - digested food accumulates in the stomach. twisting of the stomach, a condition called gastric volvulus, is rarely seen in concurrence with distension, but has been reported. more commonly, the pressure due to distension will result in a lack of blood supply and pressure on the nerves. these changes may account for acute ( sudden and severe ) clinical signs, such as severe abdominal pain, shock, and even heart failure. symptoms and types although weakness and / or collapse are the most common historical findings associated with gastric dilation, rabbits may also have a history of loss of appetite. other common symptoms include : - irregular blood pressure and heart rate - severe abdominal pain on palpation - progressive abdominal distension ( does not happen suddenly ) - hypovolemic shock ( e. g., pale mucous membranes, decreased capillary, weak pulses, low body temperature ) gastric dilation commonly occurs due to an obstruction caused by the swallowing of hair mats, cloth, or other fibers. ferrets may also obstruct the pathway by swallowing small pieces of rubber or plastic toys, though it occurs less frequently. a low fiber diet can increase cravings for fiber - rich foods and lead to chewing of the aforementioned objects, increasing the risk of intestinal obstruction. abdominal scar tissue is another posible cause for gastric dilation. you will need to provide a thorough history of your rabbit ' s health leading up to the onset of symptoms to your veterinarian. he or she will then perform a thorough physical exam on the animal in the attempt to differentiate from other causes of abdominal pain, distention and appetite loss. the best method by which to make a diagnosis will be by visually examining the stomach cavity, which may be done by x - ray, ultrasonography, or endoscopy. the latter method uses a small camera that is attached to a flexible tube, and which can be inserted into the actual space to be examined. in this way, your veterinarian can


- ray, ultrasonography, or endoscopy. the latter method uses a small camera that is attached to a flexible tube, and which can be inserted into the actual space to be examined. in this way, your veterinarian can get a more precise image of the cause of the blockage, and if indicated, take a tissue sample for biopsy. as part of a standard physical examination, your doctor will also do a complete blood profile, including a chemical blood profile, a complete blood count, and a urinalysis. blood and urine analyses, meanwhile, may show evidence of low blood volumes, an indication that shock has, or will set in. as gastric dilation can quickly become fatal, it often warrants emergency inpatient medical management. special attention will be paid to establishing improved heart function and fluid balance, followed by gastric decompression and resolution of the cause of the distention. your veterinarian will perform gastric decompression by intubation of the stomach through the oral cavity. surgery is indicated in most cases to remove the cause of obstruction, though it is not without risk, especially when the patient is in a critical condition. blood pressure, meanwhile, will be maintained with fluid support until your rabbit has returned to a more balanced state. antibiotics may also be given to prevent opportunistic infections. living and management recovery may or may not occur. however, the condition may recur even if it is completely resolved. your rabbit may resume normal activity after the foreign body is removed. once your rabbit has been safely discharged from medical care, you can begin feeding it again, but the diet will need to be modified until the rabbit has had time to fully recover from the trauma. pellets can be ground and mixed with fresh greens, vegetable baby foods, water, or juice to form a gruel that can be swallowed an digested more easily than solids. if your rabbit refuses food, you may assist - feed the gruel mixture. if sufficient volumes of food are not accepted in this manner either, feeding through tubes is indicated. unless your veterinarian has specifically instructed it, do not feed your rabbit high - carbohydrate, high - fat nutritional supplements. at home, monitor its appetite and production of feces, and regularly brush the rabbit to remove excess hair so as to prevent the rabbit from ingesting hair mats while self grooming. the ability to create a disease where a disease might not normally be found, usually due to an


mental and physical development introducing your puppy to their new home your puppy will want to explore their new home, but they ' ll also be nervous. help them out by keeping things calm when they first arrive. put your other animals away and wait to have your friends come over to see your puppy. once your puppy has gone to the bathroom outside, let them explore the areas of the house they ' ll be allowed in, and then give them some food and water. fix your puppy a bed next to yours, either in a crate or a box. this is probably the first time they ' ve slept alone, so they ' ll be scared. consider giving them a hot water bottle or a special toy that has a beating - heart sound to sleep with. if they cry, comfort them - - even hold them until they fall asleep. ignoring them can lead to increased fear of being left alone. you may be tempted to take your puppy out on the town the next day, but be careful. the immunity to some diseases that your puppy received from their mother ' s milk while nursing has begun to wear off by eight weeks of age. this means there may be a period of vulnerability after the puppy stops nursing and before their first vaccinations. for now, take them only to places where they won ' t be exposed to other dogs. avoid high - traffic areas like dog parks until they ' re a few months older. what you should feed your puppy it is important to provide your puppy with a high - quality, complete diet formulated specifically for puppies. because they are constantly growing, puppies require higher amounts of fats, proteins and certain vitamins and minerals than adult dogs. puppy food is specifically formulated to meet these needs. most commercially produced dog foods are complete and balanced, but they are not all of the same quality. one of the first things to check for is that the primary ingredient ( usually the first ingredient listed ) is a protein source. the most commonly used are chicken, beef, lamb, fish and some plant ingredients such as corn gluten. if you have a large or giant breed puppy, you should provide a puppy food made specifically for these breeds. diets for these breeds typically restrict certain ingredients to make sure the puppy doesn ' t grow too fast, as rapid growth or excess intake of certain nutrients can lead to developmental or orthopedic problems. your veterinarian can assist you in choosing a food that is right for your puppy. health and veterinary care first vaccinations eight - week - old


growth or excess intake of certain nutrients can lead to developmental or orthopedic problems. your veterinarian can assist you in choosing a food that is right for your puppy. health and veterinary care first vaccinations eight - week - old puppies from shelters or breeders may have already received their initial vaccinations. if they haven ' t, you will need to arrange for their first shots with a veterinarian. first shots - - usually a five - vaccine combination of adenovirus cough, hepatitis, distemper, parainfluenza and parvovirus - - are usually given between six and nine weeks of age. the timing of a puppy ' s first vaccinations is important - - too soon and antibodies from the puppy ' s mother ' s milk could prevent the vaccines from taking effect, too late and the puppy could be unnecessarily vulnerable to disease. although veterinarians differ in their opinions on vaccination regimens, most prefer an approach in which the first vaccinations are given between six and nine weeks. an optional kennel cough vaccine may be included at this time. the leptospirosis vaccine is not recommended until 12 weeks, and is not required. these initial vaccines are repeated - - and additional vaccines such as rabies may be added - - at 12 to 15 weeks. see petside ' s vaccination timeline for a full list of shots. teething puppies, like children, go through a teething phase. they are born without teeth, and begin growing sharp baby teeth at three to four weeks of age. by eight weeks, your puppy should have all 28 of their baby teeth. once your puppy ' s baby teeth start to come in, they will seek something on which to chew to alleviate the accompanying pain and discomfort. giving your puppy the appropriate high - quality chew toys or chew treats, such as a frozen rope toy or a rawhide chew toy, will satisfy this need and keep them from chewing up household items. at eight weeks old, your puppy is ready to begin housebreaking. if your puppy is on a regular feeding and sleeping schedule, they will likely be housebroken in no time. plenty of positive reinforcement and a little patience are the only tools you will need. although puppies need to go to the bathroom frequently, the most pressing times are after they eat, play and wake up. take your puppy outside immediately after meals, play times and naps. every time the puppy goes to the bathroom


the law of momentum conservation improve your problem - solving skills with problems, answers and solutions from the calculator pad. flickr physics visit the physics classroom ' s flickr galleries and take a visual tour of the topic of momentum and collisions. enjoy a rich source of instructional, demonstration and lab ideas on the topic of momentum and impulse. the laboratory looking for a lab that coordinates with this page? try the action - reaction lab from the laboratory. the laboratory looking for a lab that coordinates with this page? try the what ' s cooking lab from the laboratory. treasures from tpf need ideas? need help? explore the physics front ' s treasure box of catalogued resources on momentum. momentum conservation in explosions as discussed in a previous part of lesson 2, total system momentum is conserved for collisions between objects in an isolated system. for collisions occurring in isolated systems, there are no exceptions to this law. this same principle of momentum conservation can be applied to explosions. in an explosion, an internal impulse acts in order to propel the parts of a system ( often a single object ) into a variety of directions. after the explosion, the individual parts of the system ( that is often a collection of fragments from the original object ) have momentum. if the vector sum of all individual parts of the system could be added together to determine the total momentum after the explosion, then it should be the same as the total momentum before the explosion. just like in collisions, total system momentum is conserved. momentum conservation is often demonstrated in a physics class with a homemade cannon demonstration. a homemade cannon is placed upon a cart and loaded with a tennis ball. the cannon is equipped with a reaction chamber into which a small amount of fuel is inserted. the fuel is ignited, setting off an explosion that propels the tennis ball through the muzzle of the cannon. the impulse of the explosion changes the momentum of the tennis ball as it exits the muzzle at high speed. the cannon experienced the same impulse, changing its momentum from zero to a final value as it recoils backwards. due to the relatively larger mass of the cannon, its backwards recoil speed is considerably less than the forward speed of the tennis ball. in the exploding cannon demonstration, total system momentum is conserved. the system consists of two objects - a cannon and a tennis ball. before the explosion, the total momentum of the system is zero since the cannon and the tennis ball located inside of it are both at rest. after the explosion, the total momentum of the system must still be zero. if the ball acquires 50


. before the explosion, the total momentum of the system is zero since the cannon and the tennis ball located inside of it are both at rest. after the explosion, the total momentum of the system must still be zero. if the ball acquires 50 units of forward momentum, then the cannon acquires 50 units of backwards momentum. the vector sum of the individual momenta of the two objects is 0. total system momentum is conserved. as another demonstration of momentum conservation, consider two low - friction carts at rest on a track. the system consists of the two individual carts initially at rest. the total momentum of the system is zero before the explosion. one of the carts is equipped with a spring - loaded plunger that can be released by tapping on a small pin. the spring is compressed and the carts are placed next to each other. the pin is tapped, the plunger is released, and an explosion - like impulse sets both carts in motion along the track in opposite directions. one cart acquires a rightward momentum while the other cart acquires a leftward momentum. if 20 units of forward momentum are acquired by the rightward - moving cart, then 20 units of backwards momentum is acquired by the leftward - moving cart. the vector sum of the momentum of the individual carts is 0 units. total system momentum is conserved. just like in collisions, the two objects involved encounter the same force for the same amount of time directed in opposite directions. this results in impulses that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. and since an impulse causes and is equal to a change in momentum, both carts encounter momentum changes that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. if the exploding system includes two objects or two parts, this principle can be stated in the form of an equation as : if the masses of the two objects are equal, then their post - explosion velocity will be equal in magnitude ( assuming the system is initially at rest ). if the masses of the two objects are unequal, then they will be set in motion by the explosion with different speeds. yet even if the masses of the two objects are different, the momentum change of the two objects ( mass velocity change ) will be equal in magnitude. the diagram below depicts a variety of situations involving explosion - like impulses acting between two carts on a low - friction track. the mass of the carts is different in each situation. in each situation, total system momentum is conserved as the momentum change of one cart is equal and opposite the momentum change of the other cart. in each


two carts on a low - friction track. the mass of the carts is different in each situation. in each situation, total system momentum is conserved as the momentum change of one cart is equal and opposite the momentum change of the other cart. in each of the above situations, the impulse on the carts is the same - a value of 20 kgcm / s ( or cns ). since the same spring is used, the same impulse is delivered. thus, each cart encounters the same momentum change in every situation - a value of 20 kgcm / s. for the same momentum change, an object with twice the mass will encounter one - half the velocity change. and an object with four times the mass will encounter one - fourth the velocity change. since total system momentum is conserved in an explosion occurring in an isolated system, momentum principles can be used to make predictions about the resulting velocity of an object. problem solving for explosion situations is a common part of most high school physics experiences. consider for instance the following problem : a 56. 2 - gram tennis ball is loaded into a 1. 27 - kg homemade cannon. the cannon is at rest when it is ignited. immediately after the impulse of the explosion, a photogate timer measures the cannon to recoil backwards a distance of 6. 1 cm in 0. 0218 seconds. determine the post - explosion speed of the cannon and of the tennis ball. like any problem in physics, this one is best approached by listing the known information. m = 1. 27 kg d = 6. 1 cm t = 0. 0218 s m = 56. 2 g = 0. 0562 kg the strategy for solving for the speed of the cannon is to recognize that the cannon travels 6. 1 cm at a constant speed in the 0. 0218 seconds. the speed can be assumed constant since the problem states that it was measured after the impulse of the explosion when the acceleration had ceased. since the cannon was moving at constant speed during this time, the distance / time ratio will provide a post - explosion speed value. the strategy for solving for the post - explosion speed of the tennis ball involves using momentum conservation principles. if momentum is to be conserved, then the after - explosion momentum of the system must be zero ( since the pre - explosion momentum was zero ). for this to be true, then the post - explosion momentum of the tennis ball must be equal in magnitude ( and opposite in direction ) of that of the cannon. that is, the negative sign in the above equation serves the purpose


was zero ). for this to be true, then the post - explosion momentum of the tennis ball must be equal in magnitude ( and opposite in direction ) of that of the cannon. that is, the negative sign in the above equation serves the purpose of making the momenta of the two objects opposite in direction. now values of mass and velocity can be substituted into the above equation to determine the post - explosion velocity of the tennis ball. ( note that a negative velocity has been inserted for the cannon ' s velocity. ) vball = - ( 1. 27 kg ) ( - 280 cm / s ) / ( 0. 0562 kg ) vball = 6323. 26 cm / s vball = 63. 2 m / s using momentum explosion, the ball is propelled forward with a speed of 63. 2 m / s - that ' s 141 miles / hour! it ' s worth noting that another method of solving for the ball ' s velocity would be to use a momentum table similar to the one used previously in lesson 2 for collision problems. in the table, the pre - and post - explosion momentum of the cannon and the tennis ball. this is illustrated below. = - 355 kgcm / s the variable v is used for the post - explosion velocity of the tennis ball. using the table, one would state that the sum of the cannon and the tennis ball ' s momentum after the explosion must sum to the total system momentum of 0 as listed in the last row of the table. thus, solving for v yields 6323 cm / s or 63. 2 m / s - consistent with the previous solution method. using the table means that you can use the same problem solving strategy for both collisions and explosions. after all, it is the same momentum conservation principle that governs both situations. whether it is a collision or an explosion, if it occurs in an isolated system, then each object involved encounters the same impulse to cause the same momentum change. the impulse and momentum change on each object are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. thus, the total system momentum is conserved. 1. two pop cans are at rest on a stand. a firecracker is placed between the cans and lit. the firecracker explodes and exerts equal and opposite forces on the two cans. assuming the system of two cans to be isolated, the post - explosion momentum of the system _ _ _ _. a. is dependent upon the mass and velocities of the two cans b. is dependent upon the velo


two cans. assuming the system of two cans to be isolated, the post - explosion momentum of the system _ _ _ _. a. is dependent upon the mass and velocities of the two cans b. is dependent upon the velocities of the two cans ( but not their mass ) c. is typically a very large value d. can be a positive, negative or zero value e. is definitely zero 2. students of varying mass are placed on large carts and deliver impulses to each other ' s carts, thus changing their momenta. in some cases, the carts are loaded with equal mass ; in other cases they are unequal. in some cases, the students push off each other ; in other cases, only one team does the pushing. for each situation, list the letter of the team that ends up with the greatest momentum. if they have the same momentum, then do not list a letter for that situation. enter the four letters ( or three or two or... ) in alphabetical order. 3. two ice dancers are at rest on the ice, facing each other with their hands together. they push off on each other in order to set each other in motion. the subsequent momentum change ( magnitude only ) of the two skaters will be _ _ _ _. a. greatest for the skater who is pushed upon with the greatest force b. greatest for the skater who pushes with the greatest force c. the same for each skater d. greatest for the skater with the most mass e. greatest for the skater with the least mass 4. a 62. 1 - kg male ice skater is facing a 42. 8 - kg female ice skater. they are at rest on the ice. they push off each other and move in opposite directions. the female skater moves backwards with a speed of 3. 11 m / s. determine the post - impulse speed of the male skater. 5. a 1. 5 - kg cannon is mounted on top of a 2. 0 - kg cart and loaded with a 52. 7 - gram ball. the cannon, cart, and ball are moving forward with a speed of 1. 27 m / s. the cannon is ignited and launches a 52. 7 - gram ball forward with a speed of 75 m / s. determine the post - explosion velocity of the cannon and cart.


| jul29 - 06, 08 : 44 am | | # 1 | question on light intensity at the focus of a lens. from using a magnifying lens under the sun, i gather it can focus all or most of the light impinging on its surface area to a small spot and that is how it is able to create a greater intensity light at its focus ( disregarding absorption in the lens. ) correct? what portion of the total light falling on the lens would be delivered to the focal spot ignoring absorption? this would be true no matter how far away the focal point. so the normal dimunition of intensity by the square of distance would not apply. so for example if you had a lens of focal distance 1 au and put this lens right next to the sun and directed the lens to shine toward the earth, the full intensity of the sun at its surface could be delivered to the earth. true? in a more realistic scenario if you put the lens some ten to hundreds of thousands of kilometers away from the sun ' s surface so it could survive the heating then the intensity delivered to the earth would still be many times the sun ' s normal intensity at the earth. so for example taking 1 au as about 150, 000, 000 km, if we made the focus of the lens be 1 au and put it 150, 000 km from the sun. then the intensity of the light at the surface of the lens would be 1000 ^ 2 = 1, 000, 000 ( one million ) times greater than that normally at the earth. the lens would deliver all or a large portion of the light falling on it to the focal spot on the earth. if the area of this spot was 1 / 1000th that of the area of the lens, then the intensity at the focal spot would then be 1, 000, 000, 000 ( one billion ) times the intensity normally at the earth. the intensification of the light at the focus is familiar with a convergent lens, such as with a magnifying lens. but if you had a diverging lens so the focal spot was larger than the lens then the intensity would be less than at the surface of the lens. but the total amount of light delivered to the focal spot would still be all or a large portion of that falling on the surface of the lens. and this would still be true no matter how far is the focal length. correct? | jul29 - 06, 10 : 21 am | | # 2 | | jul30 - 06, 07 : 44 pm |


on the surface of the lens. and this would still be true no matter how far is the focal length. correct? | jul29 - 06, 10 : 21 am | | # 2 | | jul30 - 06, 07 : 44 pm | | # 3 | you can do a sort of sanity check type of experiment by testing this with an ordinary light bulb as a light source. there is no question that, by moving the lens closer to the source, you can capture more light, but you can ' t focus it as tightly with a longer focal length lens. these are the types of interplays you can test. finally i will remark that acheiving intesities 1 billion times greater than normal sunlight at the earths surface is actually not that significant when you consider that high powered lasers can acheive peak intensities at and above this level. nonetheless an interesting thought experiment. | similar threads for : question on light intensity at the focus of a lens. | | [ solved ] light intensity question | | introductory physics homework | | 2 | | what lens shape gives perfect focus? | | general physics | | 9 | | why does light intensity decrease when light passes through a glass block? | | general physics | | 7 | | question about light intensity and resistance | | advanced physics homework | | 1 | | question about light intensity and resistance | | introductory physics homework | | 1 |


biological sciences division thousands of new proteins discovered in spinal fluid research establishes healthy benchmark to aid in understanding neurological disorders a u. s. and swedish team identified 2, 630 proteins in the clear fluid that protects the brain and spinal cord. enlarge image results : scientists and doctors have a far better understanding of the proteins in healthy spinal fluid, thanks to a u. s., swedish team who identified 2, 630 proteins in the clear fluid that protects the brain and spinal cord. this discovery nearly triples the number of proteins known to exist in spinal fluid. another striking finding was that slightly more than half of the proteins were not found in blood. the team was led by richard d. smith, ph. d., of pacific northwest national laboratory, and steven e. schutzer, md, of the university of medicine and dentistry of new jersey — new jersey medical school. in conducting this research, the team used integrated resources at emsl that included a custom - built automated nanocapillary liquid chromatography system coupled on - line to one of two mass spectrometers, modified in - house with an electrodynamic ion funnel. why it matters : this research establishes a reference database that may help researchers and clinicians determine the root causes of alzheimer ' s, parkinson ' s, and other neurological conditions. in addition, this work could improve the chances of devising faster, more efficient diagnostic tests and treatments for diseases with neurological and psychiatric features. what ' s next : while this work is the most comprehensive characterization of normal spinal fluid to date, it is only the beginning. quickly and precisely determining the proteins in different samples opens doors to fundamentally understanding human health. " these exciting findings are the tip of our research iceberg, " said smith, a wiley research fellow at the department of energy ' s emsl. acknowledgments : the national institutes of health, the national center for research resources, the swedish research council, and uppsala berzelii technology center for neurodiagnostics supported this research. key work was done at the doe ' s emsl, a national scientific user facility at pacific northwest national laboratory. this work was done by steven schutzer and benjamin natelson of the university of medicine and dentistry of new jersey ; tao liu, tomas angel, athena schepmoes, samuel purvine, kim hixson, mary lipton, david camp ii, and richard smith of pacific northwest national laboratory ; patricia coyle of state university of new york ;


diseases and conditionsthe pancreas the pancreas : anatomy and functions tests and procedurescomputed tomography ( ct or cat ) scan of the pancreas the pancreas is an oblong flat gland, about six inches long, located below the liver, deep in the abdomen, between the stomach and the spine. it is about as long as your hand in an irregular tube shape. the pancreas has two types of cells : endocrine. the endocrine cells, the beta islet cells, produce and secrete the hormones insulin and glucagon into the bloodstream. these two hormones work together to regulate the level of sugar in the blood. exocrine. the exocrine cells produce and secrete enzymes into the duodenum, the first part of the small intestine, where they break down protein, carbohydrates, and fat into simpler components that can be easily absorbed. there are three major classes of enzymes. the enzyme trypsin breaks proteins down into peptides and amino acids. lipase breaks fats down into short - chain fatty acids that can be easily absorbed. amylase breaks starches ( complex carbohydrates ) down into simple sugars. in 1922, scientists discovered that a shortage of the hormone insulin is responsible for the disease called juvenile diabetes ( now called type 1 diabetes ). the source of insulin is none other than your pancreas. most of the time, the pancreas goes about its work quietly from its strategic location behind the stomach. but a relatively small number of people develop type 1 diabetes. the beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed in people with type 1 diabetes and the pancreas can ' t produce insulin. this condition usually occurs when the patient is a child or young adult - - thus the earlier name, juvenile diabetes. another form of diabetes, type 2, tends to occur in older people. it stems mainly from the body ' s inability to use insulin effectively. early in the disease, the body may respond by producing excessively high levels of insulin, but eventually the beta islet cells of the pancreas tire out and fail to produce enough insulin. cystic fibrosis. in cystic fibrosis, an inherited genetic disorder, mucous plugs can block pancreatic enzymes from reaching the intestines. this leads to digestive problems, delayed growth, and fat - soluble vitamin deficiencies. pancreatitis. another disease of the pancreas is pancre


mucous plugs can block pancreatic enzymes from reaching the intestines. this leads to digestive problems, delayed growth, and fat - soluble vitamin deficiencies. pancreatitis. another disease of the pancreas is pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas that can be painful. it can be acute ( sudden ) or chronic. the most common causes of acute pancreatitis are blockage of the pancreatic duct by a gallstone and excessive alcohol use. the most common causes of chronic pancreatitis is gall bladder disease and alcoholism. pancreatic cancer. cancer of the pancreas is a leading cause of cancer death in the united states. risks for pancreatic cancer include smoking, age, being male, having chronic pancreatitis, and exposure to some industrial chemicals. most pancreatic cancers develop in the exocrine tissues of the pancreas. it is a very difficult cancer to detect in the early stages. pancreatic insufficiency. pancreatic insufficiency is the inability of the pancreas to produce and / or secrete enough digestive enzymes to break down food in the small intestine. it typically occurs as a result of chronic pancreatic damage caused by cystic fibrosis or chronic pancreatitis.


it ' s hard to connect the cold war with the international builders ' show, but its technology is alive and well in the most unlikely place : a water - conserving shower head from delta. researchers back in the cold war days attempted to modulate fluid flow to mimic electronic signals, hoping to produce an uncrackable fluidic code. the technology worked, but there were better solutions, so the government never used it. decades later, delta uses the same technology in 1. 5 - gal shower heads that don ' t produce conventional droplets. instead, the droplets are little serpentine waves. their shape, the company says, produces a water - conserving shower that doesn ' t feel skimpy to the bather. furthermore, the larger droplets retain heat better, making the cone - shaped spray warmer, more comfortable and virtually impossible to decipher. over 50 percent of us households have inefficient toilets using at least 3. 5 gal per flush, which accounts for 1. 6 billion gal of wasted water per year. to help visualize that abstract data, kohler set up a typical pre - 1992 toilet alongside its new high - efficiency 1. 28 - gpf class six toilet, allowing each to flush and drain into a transparent bin marked with measurements. after we spent a few minutes watching - - with a typically obsessive pm level of scrutiny - - the two toilets cycle, it became clear how the vast difference could add up to an estimated 16, 500 gal per fixture. by insulating against heat transfer as well as air infiltration, icynene ' s open - cell foam insulation has been an efficient way to seal off stud bays for over 20 years. but the constituent polyol that makes the actual goop has always been derived from petroleum - - until now. icynene ' s new ld - r - 50 polyol switches the petroleum for castor oil, which comes from castor plants grown with no pesticides, fungicides or man - made irrigation. to make standard drywall, manufacturers use energy to heat gypsum at high temperatures until it calcifies. the drywall alternative ecorock instead hardens via a chemical reaction in less than 6 minutes with no heat needed. made from 80 percent recycled content, the wall panel also replaces traditional paper facing with fiberglass, creating a material resistant to damage from water, termites, impact or mold. whirlpool ' s new resourcesaver dishwasher only consumes 5 - 6 gal per load -


the wall panel also replaces traditional paper facing with fiberglass, creating a material resistant to damage from water, termites, impact or mold. whirlpool ' s new resourcesaver dishwasher only consumes 5 - 6 gal per load - - about half the water used when washing by hand - - and it saves the water used to prerinse silverware by firing a high - pressure stream of water at the cheese - crusted forks sitting in the lower rack. priced at under $ 1000, it falls well within the budget of families looking to do away with an old clunker dishwasher. the company ' s 25 - cu. - ft resource saver side - by - side refrigerator is as miserly with electricity as the dishwasher is with water. sixty watts is all it takes to keep the appliance humming. it didn ' t take much exotic engineering to take the title of least - consumptive side - by - side fridge in this country : thicker doors make room for more insulation, and improvements to its condenser and compressor yield further energy savings. while everybody was drooling over the appliance ' s sleek front, we had a look around back. the appliance ' s back is smoothly covered, with a very small mechanical compartment readily accessible for repairs. the glass shelves also looked easily removable for cleaning, or - - once somebody plunks down a frozen turkey on one of them - - replacement. if you had to guess the amount of volatile organic compounds ( vocs ) a typical house emits, just from the adhesives used in its construction, what would you imagine that to be? according to the henkel corporation, 110 pounds of vocs are liberated just from various construction adhesives and sealants, and this number doesn ' t include what comes from particleboard, paint, carpet and other chemical - laden materials or furnishings. the company ' s osi green series line of construction adhesives and sealants would cut that number to 2 pounds of vocs. unfortunately, the company only distributes those products through professional channels, such as lumber yards, siding and roofing houses and other similar venues that cater just to construction professionals, not handy homeowners. but we can always hold our breath. thermomax solar thermal vacuum tubes produce hot water - - even on cold, windy and humid days - - 30 percent more effectively than flat panel collectors. by sealing the insulated tubes from outside influences, the system collects up to 80


breath. thermomax solar thermal vacuum tubes produce hot water - - even on cold, windy and humid days - - 30 percent more effectively than flat panel collectors. by sealing the insulated tubes from outside influences, the system collects up to 80 percent of the refracted and diffused solar energy, generating about 1836 kwh per year. combined with the kingspan hot - water tank seen here, the system can provide additional heat for hydronic radiant heating systems - - the top half of the tank feeds plumbing for heating ; the bottom half heats water bound for the faucet. the international builders ' show always features a few houses built right on the trade show floor - - this one, called the builder livinghome, features new ecoclad siding made from an fsc - certified 50 / 50 blend of bamboo and postconsumer recycled paper. ecoclad ' s scratch - resistant bamboo fibers have a water absorption rate of less than one percent, and its uv overlay system protects the cladding from fading and sun damage. ( a 10 - year warranty backs up that claim. ) the equinox falls somewhere between a retractable awning and a high - tech pergola. shading a scorching deck can reduce an adjacent room ' s heat intake by 77 percent, cutting that space ' s a / c use in summer by up to 25 percent. unlike a retractable awning, the equinox can divert water to the gutter ( and, from there, to a rainwater collection system ). the steel louvers can be finished in the camel color shown, or can be customized to a shade more suited to your house style. as proof of the georgia - pacific slogan that " what you don ' t see matters, " the company fabricated a giant demonstration duct for its booth at ibs. it was hard to miss. these g - p reps are smiling because they know that the radiant barrier above their heads would be preventing up to 97 percent of the sun ' s heat from entering an attic space.


it is possible to create a database in a location other than the default location for the installation. remember that all database access actually occurs through the database backend, so that any location specified must be accessible by the backend. alternate database locations are created and referenced by an environment variable which gives the absolute path to the intended storage location. this environment variable must have been defined before the backend was started and must be writable by the postgres administrator account. any valid environment variable name may be used to reference an alternate location, although using variable name with a prefix of pgdata is recommended to avoid confusion and conflict with other variables. note : in previous versions of postgres, it was also permissable to use an absolute path name to specify an alternate storage location. the environment variable style of specification is to be preferred since it allows the site administrator more flexibility in managing disk storage. if you prefer using absolute paths, you may do so by defining " allow _ absolute _ dbpaths " and recompiling postgres to do this, either add this line # define allow _ absolute _ dbpaths 1to the file src / include / config. h, or by specifyingcflags + = - dallow _ absolute _ dbpathsin your makefile. custom. remember that database creation is actually performed by the database backend. therefore, any environment variable specifying an alternate location must have been defined before the backend was started. to define an alternate location pgdata2 pointing to / home / postgres / data, first type % setenv pgdata2 / home / postgres / datato define the environment variable to be used with subsequent commands. usually, you will want to define this variable in the postgres superuser ' s. profile or. cshrc initialization file to ensure that it is defined upon system startup. any environment variable can be used to reference alternate location, although it is preferred that the variables be prefixed with " pgdata " to eliminate confusion and the possibility of conflicting with or overwriting other variables. to create a data storage area in pgdata2, ensure that / home / postgres already exists and is writable by the postgres administrator. then from the command line, type % setenv pgdata2 / home / postgres / data % initlocation $ pgdata2 creating postgres database system directory / home / postgres / data


black knot of prunus i remember as a kid exploring the woods around my home and seeing what looked like black poop on some twigs of an occasional large shrub or small tree. i remember looking up at that stuff and wondering what kind of an animal would climb up on those branches to go to the bathroom. i was curious, but not curious enough to climb up and get a closer look. that was my introduction to what is commonly referred to as black knot of prunus. no doubt many of you were similarly introduced to this fungus when you were a kid. although readily observed year around, it ’ s particularly noticeable in the spring as we begin to spend more time outside before the trees and shrubs leaf out. black knot of prunus, as the name implies, is a fungal parasite that is specific to plants in the genus prunus. the most common host in our region is chokecherry, but we also have some wild plums and a couple other cherry species. the characteristic elongated swellings or “ black knots ” on the branches and twigs of the host plant are typically about an inch in diameter and may be two to six inches long. in old severe infestations they may be considerably longer. they consist of a hard mass of fungal filaments, or hyphae and spores. these spores then spread by the wind to other plants. chokecherry is native to our region, and has also been widely used as an ornamental. more recently however, problems with black knot have reduced its desirability in lawns and boulevards. you may recall that chokecherry was designated the state fruit in 2007. black knot can reduce fruit production, and in cases of heavy infections, trees may become stunted and deformed. black knot is perhaps the most significant factor limiting the economic feasibility of commercial chokecherry production. the next time you see these black knots, your thoughts may wonder to a childhood memory, or perhaps of chokecherry jam, syrup, or wine. whatever your thoughts, scouting out black knot this spring may help you find a few new chokecherry plants to harvest this summer. natural north dakota is supported by ndsu central grasslands research extension center and minot state university - bottineau, and by the members of prairie public. thanks to sunny 101. 9 in bottineau for their recording services. listen to radio online log - on and dig deep into the news of the day. it ’ s all online in our public newsroom. » visit the public news


when news happens, text bonews and your photos to 80360 or phone 01204 537274 call for solar superstorm board a new quango is needed to help britain brace itself against a once - in - a - century " solar superstorm ", experts said. setting up a uk space weather board is the key recommendation made to the government in a report from the royal academy of engineering. the board would lead and supervise government strategy for coping with a massive radiation blast from the sun that could trigger black - outs, knock out one in 10 satellites, and disrupt aircraft and shipping navigation. statistically, a solar superstorm is likely to occur every one to 200 years. although solar weather events happen on a regular basis, the earth has not experienced a superstorm since the start of the space age. the last true superstorm, known as the " carrington event " occurred in 1859. on that occasion, earth was hit by a tidal wave of energetic particles following a large solar flare. induced currents caused by the blast sent sparks flying from telegraph pylons and caused fires. but at that time there were no satellites in orbit or sensitive microchips in the path of the particles. experts now warn that another solar superstorm on the scale of the carrington event is " inevitable " and britain should be prepared. professor paul cannon, who chaired the academy ' s working group on extreme solar weather, said : " the two challenges for government are the wide spectrum of technologies affected and the emergence of unexpected vulnerabilities as technology evolves. the academy recommends that government sets up a space weather board to oversee these issues across government departments. " around one in 10 orbiting satellites could be knocked out for days during a superstorm event, said the report. those that keep operating would be aged " enormously ", making it necessary for many to be replaced. gps signals would be interrupted one to three days after the storm hit as satellite transmissions to the ground are disrupted. as a result, sat - nav systems would be rendered inoperable. energetic particles penetrating lower levels of the atmosphere could also interfere with aircraft electronics. space engineer keith ryden, from the university of surrey, another member of the working group, said : " the most likely scenario is that data elements get corrupted. it ' s possible that individual chips could fail. the systems are designed to cope with a certain amount of failure. what would be of concern is if we had multiple failures for the pilot to deal with so he becomes overloaded. " but


september is sports eye injury prevention awareness month san diego, california september 01, 2012 health news ( prleap. com ) 4s ranch ( september 1, 2012 ) – shin guards for soccer, shoulder pads for football, batting helmets for baseball and softball. almost every sport has its own unique protective gear. but according to dr. jacquelin le, an optometrist at eyelux optometry in rancho bernardo, most participants in sports forget to protect one of the most important parts of the body : the eyes. " every year, more than 32, 000 people suffer injuries to the eyes while playing sports, " dr. le said, " according to prevent blindness america 90 % of all eye injuries are preventable. " protective sports eyewear can help prevent injuries such as fracture of the eye socket, scratched corneas, swollen retinas and even cataracts caused by trauma to the eye, dr. le said. parents of children who participate in sports should consider protective eyewear to be as essential as the faceguard on a football or baseball helmet. eyelux optometry is an authorized sport eye injury prevention center and has committed to preventing blindness caused by sports eye injuries in our community around 4s ranch and rancho bernardo. " september means back to school and time for organized sports and the potential for eye injuries, " says dr. le. " this year we want to be proactive and reach out to the parents, coaches and school nurses, and encourage young athletes to have their eyes examined and be fitted for the proper protective sports eyewear. our opticians are trained to prevent this needless loss of sight and we have a selection of new, stylish protective sports eyewear that not only protect eyes but also look good. which is more tragic, a blind eye or a bruised shin? " make sure when you or your child goes out onto the playing field, protective sports eyewear is part of your protective gear. about eyelux optometry eyelux optometry offers inspired family eye care and the largest selection of eyeglasses and sunglasses in the vicinity. professional exams include digital retinal imaging and their better than 20 / 20 promise™. eyelux optometry is independently owned and serves rancho bernardo, rancho penasquitos, rancho santa fe, and the surrounding communities. for more information, call ( 858 ) 487 - 7900, or visit www. eyeluxoptometry. com brian chou, o. d., f. a.


the great american land grab part seven ( in case you missed them, parts 1 - 6 are available at the archives ) nevertheless, the intended transformation of the west did not occur. great dams were built, rivaling the pyramids of egypt in their wondrousness ; reservoirs were formed, and aqueducts constructed. by 1970 the bureau of reclamation spent almost $ 10 billion and irrigated nearly seven million acres. yet land monopoly is more firmly entrenched in the west than ever ; federal water has flowed and continues to flow in great quantity to the huge, absentee - owned corporate estates that should, under the law, have been broken up and sold to small resident farmers. in the words of former senator wayne morse, the wholesale, continuing violations of the 1902 act constitute " a water steal reminiscent of the scandals " of teapot dome and the " great land frauds. " nearly a century ago the san francisco chronicle warned : " the land... taken by two or three men is sufficient to afford homes and independence to hundreds of intelligent, industrious and honest settlers. it is this class that makes, as it is the other [ land monopolists ] that ruins a country. the confirmation of title to the monopolists means the transfer of ownership of the soil to a nonresident aristocracy, and its continued cultivation by a race of aliens and coolies. let it be awarded to the settlers, and schools, roads, churches and general prosperity will ensue. this and similar warnings went unheeded ; the south and west developed as the chronicle feared. ownership of particular estates shifted hands over the course of several depressions, panics and booms, and in recent years the trend has been toward ownership by large corporations - often oil companies or conglomerates. but though the names have changed, the pattern of large landholdings has held steady throughout. a nonresident landed aristocracy - today composed of such diverse persons as sen. eastland and the directors of tenneco - enjoys vast power. along with absentee ownership, racial exploitation became a way of life in the west, as it previously had in the south but as it never did in the midwest. chinese and japanese field hands were succeeded by hindus, filipinos and mexicans. the treatment of japanese farmworkers is particularly instructive. for many years they were enthusiastically praised by california growers ; they performed the most menial tasks with great skill and without asking favors ( such as transportation and boarding ) of their employers.


the treatment of japanese farmworkers is particularly instructive. for many years they were enthusiastically praised by california growers ; they performed the most menial tasks with great skill and without asking favors ( such as transportation and boarding ) of their employers. soon, however, the japanese began leasing land for themselves - usually " useless " marsh or desert which they would reclaim and plant with rice or other crops. through thrift and hard work, they even began achieving their ambition to own land. this was too much for the land monopolists, who succeeded in passing the alien land act of 1913, designed to force the japanese to sell their improved lands to them. other effects of concentrated land ownership were as the chronicle foresaw. schools, shops and civic institutions never blossomed in those parts of the south and west dominated by giant landholdings. enormous disparity of wealth and power is rarely conducive to widespread involvement in public affairs, and is even less so when large portions of the population are migrants, or are barred by one means or another from voting. why, after all, should an absentee landlord spend his taxes on good public schools, when his own children go to private school and an educated work force is the last thing he wants? what was not foreseen was the impact that land monopoly would eventually have on american cities. if the southern plantations and mexican land grants had been broken up, if western land had been distributed in limited - size parcels to actual settlers as generously as it was handed out in prodigious chunks to speculators if the reclamation law had been vigorously enforced, it is doubtful that the cities would be as overcrowded and as beset as they are today. blacks and landless whites would, in smaller numbers, have migrated to the cities, but they would not have been so ill - prepared had they descended from landowning farmers. they would have had dignity, schooling, some experience in public affairs, and perhaps savings enough to establish a foothold. the question now is whether we are going to compound the errors and injustices of the past, or remedy them. end of part seven. this concludes " the great american land grab. " our next featured essay by peter barnes, " the vanishing small farmer, " will begin onthursday, october 16. this essay is part of a series written by peter barnes for the new republic magazine in 1971 - 72. we think you ' ll be pleased - - and perhaps shocked - - to see how timely and