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November 08 2017
If you are attempting to attain a curvy figure or a larger butt, it's very likely that you're an ectomorph. "Low fat genetics" or "low-fat genetics" are generally associated with this physique.
In case you've got low muscle genetics, then it's extremely easy to overtrain your own muscles. Should you overtrain your muscles, or when you pay no attention to nourishment at all, you may be causing your muscles, and so your buttocks, to get much smaller. It is a condition that your entire body moves through or shortly after exercise. If your exercise takes long enough to your body to operate out of energy, then you are going to go into the catabolic state and your body will start to break down muscle tissue to be able to compensate for this lack of vitality. If you are attempting to shed weight, this would not be much a issue, as you'll burn a great deal of fat within this condition too. But if your objective is to acquire a larger ass, you would not need this. In the end, we need our own bodies to gain weightreduction.
Now, ectomorphs that have difficulty gaining weight or seeking to accomplish a curvy figure do not necessarily have "real" low-fat genetics. It is genetics to get a higher metabolism, which leads to difficulty gaining mass. Whenever you've got a high metabolism and also you don't eat sufficient fats (healthy ones), you are a lot more likely to always be dwelling in a catabolic state in which you are always burning muscle and fat rather than attaining any curvy figure.
I wrote a post on how you can use clothing to really improve the appearance of your butt: https://www.tashanicolewright.com/butt-clothing/
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Skip to main content
Playing It Cool
Mark Twain once said that "the clothes make the man", and while the great writer certainly had a point, I would take the more controversial view of "the man makes the clothes". But hang on? Does this mean I can dress like a tramp and make it work for me? Alas, no, being stylish is the ultimate paradox, you must take great care to put yourself together and then completely forget you're wearing clothes at all - it's a hard line to tread and many a man gets it wrong. The life of effortless cool brings is achievable for every man to grasp if he wants, regardless of whether he lives in Dublin or Paris.
The essence of 'cool' is an elusive thing. Nobody quite know what it is, it has no single agreed upon definition, and yet it is a phenomena that transcends both generations and cultures - it is timeless. People certainly know it when they see it, as we've all seen someone in a bar, at work or even on the bus that just seemed to ooze this thing we call cool from every pore. That being said, this intrepid blog writer is going to attempt to define 'cool', at least in relation to fashion; I think cool is a supreme self assurance, not arrogance or cockiness, but an inner confidence, one that makes you firmly believe what you're wearing looks good, that you look good, so good in fact that you don't even need to acknowledge you look good, it's just the way it is. Effortless.
Here I have picked some examples of men that I personally think achieved this elusive attitude, it is no way comprehensive and there are numerous others. On the left we have the one and only James Dean, then Frank Sinatra, followed by the very talented Mr. Steve McQueen. Directly under James Dean we have Paul Newman, with Mr. Marlon Brando in the center and then last but certainly not least, Johnny Depp. Who would your choices be? Pick anyone from the past or present.
Back to Mark Twain again, while the man and the attitude behind the clothes are important, the man better have some stylish clothes otherwise he is only half the style icon he wishes to be. Whilst there is no strict look that encapsulates the attitude; there are a couple of things to keep in mind. Like Yves Saint Laurent once said: "Fashions fade, style is eternal". Invest in timeless pieces, wear your clothes with confidence, dress on trend and like my last post suggested, be individual, the crowd should be following you.
So there you have it, a quick guide to cool and not to much reading for you before you kick off your weekend. Of course there are no absolutes and it comes down to personal preference, but I believe that it's an achievable state of mind and style for everyone. It takes a lot of guts, a lot of smarts and a hell of a lot of charisma, but get the clothes right, then the attitude will follow. Once the attitude is there, then all the clothes you wear are set off in what can only be described as a stylish symphony of ultimate cool. A very wise man, Lewis MacAdams, once said "Cool is a knowledge, a way of life."
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How can I donate?
• The Lines PTO is a volunteer organization. We rely on the financial support and time contributed by Lines families. To pay dues or donate additional funds, please go to . This website is a one-stop shop for all of your school fees, PTO donations/dues, RSVP's for events and so much more!
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Tuesday, April 2, 2019
The Arctic Ocean, explained
This map shows a 2.8-million-square-kilometre area of international waters in the central Arctic Ocean, beyond the 200-mile zone of the five Arctic coastal states: Canada, Russia, Norway, the U.S. (Alaska) and Denmark (Greenland).
From National Geographic by Sarah Gibbens
The Arctic Ocean is Earth's northernmost body of water.
It encircles the Arctic, and flows beneath it.
Most of the Arctic Ocean is covered by ice throughout the year—although that is starting to change as temperatures climb.
Pale and stark on the surface, the Arctic Ocean is home to a stunning array of life.
Though it's the world's smallest ocean—spanning 6.1 million square miles—the Arctic is now receiving unprecedented international attention.
Scientists are racing to understand how warming temperatures will alter Arctic Ocean waters—and by extension the rest of the climate—and world leaders are racing to control newly opening waters.
The Arctic Ocean is warming faster than anywhere else on Earth and feeling the onslaught of climate change.
Arctic movie trailer
Who lives there?
The U.S., Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, and Russia all have territories that reach into the Arctic Ocean.
About four million people live in the Arctic region, many of them indigenous groups that have thrived there for millennia.
To survive in the harsh climate, many of the region's people rely on the ocean's bounty to sustain their livelihoods.
This includes fishing, sealing, whaling, and other activities.
The Arctic's otherworldly landscapes are also increasingly drawing tourists to the region.
As once impenetrable sea ice becomes less stable, Northern Hemisphere countries have begun to take a greater interest in the Arctic as a path for shipping lanes, military presence, and commercial opportunities, particularly oil and gas exploration.
Ocean life
Much of the Arctic Ocean's complex life can only be seen by underwater explorers who dive through holes in thick sea ice.
Much of the ocean here is dark, blocked from sunlight by ice cover, but photographers have dived with lights to expose underwater Arctic life.
Scientists note that studying life in the Arctic Ocean can be difficult because the region is hard to access.
Much is still unknown about the Arctic's marine food web.
Plankton—a group that consists of tiny organisms like algae and bacteria—make up the base of the Arctic food chain.
They convert carbon dioxide from the atmosphere into organic matter that in turn feeds everything from small fish to large bowhead whales.
Growing inside the tunnels naturally carved into sea ice are plankton-eating zooplankton.
Even farther below are bottom-dwelling organisms like sea anemones, corals, and sponges.
Many animals that are often seen roaming the sea ice are also adapted for the water.
Polar bears have large, paddle-like paws to propel them through the water, and they've been documented swimming for hours.
Walruses have large tusks that they use to pull themselves out of the water, and they find much of their food by foraging along the sea floor.
Whales and fish are often an important food source for indigenous people living in the Arctic, but commercial fishing has been banned in much of the Arctic Ocean.
In 2018 the U.S.
and nine other countries formally recognized that warming was creating new access to fishing stocks.
In response, the 10 countries agreed to a moratorium that bars fishing until scientists are able to assess whether Arctic Ocean fisheries can be used sustainably.
On 13 March 2019, Arctic sea ice appears to have reached its annual maximum extent.
At 14.78 million square kilometers, it is the seventh lowest in the satellite record.
It wasn’t a record low, but it continued a trend of declining sea ice maximums and minimums.
The 2019 maximum extent is 860,000 square kilometers below the 1981 to 2010 average maximum of 15.64 million square kilometers and 370,000 square kilometers above the lowest maximum of 14.41 million square kilometers set on 7 March 2017.
Credits: NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio
A warming Arctic
The Arctic Ocean is experiencing some of the world's most drastic warming from climate change.
In recent years, scientists have measured dwindling ice cover as record high temperatures inch up and up.
One 2016 study predicted that ships would be able to sail through open water to the North Pole by 2040.
The loss of sea ice will affect more than just the Arctic, scientists warn; it could change weather patterns around the world.
Some have even predicted it could lead to colder, more extreme winters.
A jet stream called the polar vortex encircles the Arctic, propelled forward by the difference between cold temperatures to the north and warm temperatures to the south.
As the Arctic warms, scientists say the polar vortex will become more unstable and likely to send Arctic air south.
In 2018, the Arctic Ocean experienced its second-worst sea ice decline on record.
Parts of Greenland were exposed to open ocean for the first time in millennia.
Scientists predict that warming waters could hurt wildlife.
Terrestrial animals like polar bears rely on sea ice to traverse the landscape in search of food and to hunt, particularly seals.
Warming will likely impact zooplankton life cycles, and thus the myriad animals that prey on them.
This video discusses who owns the ever-warming Arctic Ocean, which surrounds the North Pole of Earth.
Find out how as the Arctic melts, it opens up new possibilities for fishing, drilling and shipping.
But who owns the Arctic?
And who gets access to these resources?
Discover how Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) dictate the delegation of natural resources in the Arctic Ocean, and how the United Nations Convention on the Law of Sea (UNCLOS) can create more disputes than answers when countries have overlapping territorial claims in the Arctic Circle.
The new Cold War
The Arctic was once covered with a formidable mass of ice that posed a steep challenge to shipping.
Now, as the Arctic Ocean warms and opens up, the race to control it is creating what some are calling a second Cold War.
Shipping lanes through the Arctic Ocean could creating faster routes between countries, leading to fortune and power for those who control them.
The U.S. and Canada both have a military presence in the Arctic, and China has recently expressed interest in expanding its influence there.
But Russia and Norway have done the most to prepare their militaries and industry for more passable Arctic Ocean waters.
The Trump administration has also pushed to launch oil drilling in the U.S. waters of the Arctic.
The complex maritime boundaries in the Arctic
Yet conservation groups like the World Wildlife Fund say expanding drilling for oil in the Arctic could further imperil the relatively pristine, and fragile, environment.
Underwater noise from drilling can disrupt the many marine animals that rely on sonar or acoustic communication, the group says.
And oil or gas spills—always a risk of industry operations—may be particularly hard to clean up and may have long-lasting effects in the cold climate.
Several nations are vying for access to a new Northwest Passage, one that could run from Greenland across Canada to Alaska.
It's a route explorers have been trying to navigate since at least the 15th century, but its treacherous, icy conditions have always stood in their way.
In August 2007, the passage was free of sea ice for the first time on record.
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Digital Spy
Search Digital Spy
Reality TV News
'Survivor: One World' recap: Transience
'Survivor: One World' Episode 1: Salani Tribe
Following Jonas's elimination, Troy and Jay lament the unfortunate fact that he was not on the new Salani tribe, using that as an excuse for why they voted him out. However, Troy hopes that they didn't make a mistake going forward, and the two men decide that a woman needs to go home next in order to avoid a female alliance. Little do they know, one formed long ago!
Walking back to camp, Troy and Jay grab a message in an old 7-Up bottle - today's tree mail. Jay reads the note aloud, which alludes to the fact that the reward challenge will offer a "crisp, clean" prize. Obvious sponsorship placement or random weird Survivor thing? Who can say? Either way, everyone heads down to the beach for Jeff to explain the day's challenge.
He reveals that players will be divided up into two tribes, with each racing one at a time down a giant water slide, after which they must race to the ocean and bring back a puzzle crate. As more and more come down the slide, they may work together to grab all crates - 5 in total. They must use the pieces in each of the creates to solve a puzzle, with the winning tribe being taken to a "7-Up Oasis" - basically an afternoon barbeque with hamburgers, key lime pie (a bit random) and as much of the soda as they can drink.
'Survivor: One World' castaways: Jay Byars, a model currently living in Gaffney, South Carolina
The tribes are divided up as follows: Jay, Troy, Kat, Alicia and Chelsea on one team with Kim, Michael, Sabrina, Lief and Christina on the other. Tarzan decides to sit this one out. Jay's group moves ahead first, though Michael's isn't far behind. It's neck-in-neck and no one seems to be letting up. Once they begin working on their puzzle, it's obvious that Jay's team is progressing more quickly. However, the pattern of the puzzle is difficult to discern, so it's really anyone's guess. Eventually, however, it's Michael's team that gets it first, thanks to Christina, and they win the afternoon barbeque.
The winners' oasis is quite nice - like a mini resort set up in the middle of the jungle. Everyone begins to dig in, putting food on the grill and hanging out in the mini pool. Eventually, they join under a gazebo for prayer and to enjoy their reward. Kim is especially pleased with the meal, as she was feeling really weak and believes she will finally be able to get her strength up and think through her options.
After eating, Sabrina and Kim attempt to talk strategy. Sabrina wants Mike out, with Kim saying that it has got to be all girls that move forward. They believe that if they can convince the others to get Mike out, then the girls will eventually be able to "annihilate" the men in the competition. However, Kim knows that she will have to be careful - even though she can barely contain her enthusiasm at the possibility.
Back at the camp, the losers try to convince themselves that it's better they've not won the challenge, with Tarzan insisting that steak would be "hard to digest" on their stomachs. He has a point, mind, but it's a pretty obvious coping tactic. They all begin to talk about who's going home at Tribal Council. Jay realizes that the girls want to send Mike home, but he wants to put the idea on the back burner and tries to steer them away from it. Before they get too far, however, the winners return with an entire cooler full of 7-Up to share with the group.
'Survivor: One World' castaways: Chelsea Meissner, a medical sales rep currently living in Charleston, South Carolina
Later that day, a storm is brewing and so the group realizes they must re-fortify their shelter before the rough weather rolls in. However, a bit of an argument ensues when Tarzan angers the others by removing part of the bamboo wall to cut for firewood, despite there being an entire stack of firewood already cut. Tarzan insists that it's not a part of the wall and tells Chelsea not to have an attitude with him, or accuse him of doing something wrong when he hasn't.
Tarzan then takes Chelsea aside as he senses that he's "an irritant" to her. He questions whether she dislikes him because she had a negative experience with her own plastic surgeon - a question which doesn't go over well with her. The conversation is cut short, however, once the rain begins, and Chelsea says that while she can't stand Tarzan, he's not a threat and she must concentrate her energy on players who are.
Privately, Kim talks to Troy, lying about Michael and saying that he has been throwing Troy under the bus and making him out to be a threat. She pretends to be concerned for his place in the game and insists that they should get Michael out - a plan which he agrees to go along with as he's incredibly angry. However, they don't want Michael to catch wind of what's happening and keep quiet about it.
Once the weather clears, the Tikiano members meet Jeff on the beach once again for the day's immunity challenge. He reveals that they will have to race across a ladder bridge, navigating a series of puzzle bags along a twisting rope. The first four to reach the finish line will move on to the final round, where they will use the pieces to solve a "very complicated" puzzle. The first person to do it will go straight through Tribal Council and cannot be voted off.
'Survivor: One World' castaways: Michael Jefferson, a banker currently living in Seattle, Washington
Jay is the first one who will get to move on, with Kim close behind. With only two spots left, it's Alicia and Troy who manage to make it across. They then begin working on the puzzle, though it proves more difficult than anyone seems to have expected. Everyone is neck in neck, with the most minor mistakes making room for others to catch up. However, it comes down to Kim and Jay for the win, and it's Jay who takes it first, winning immunity.
Following the challenge, Kim sets back on her course to try and get Mike out. She's pretty certain that she can turn events in her favor, but Jay is not having it as she said it in front of Christina and Alicia, who are Manono tribe members. However, he will go along with it because he's afraid that if he doesn't, the girls will overtake him. It's a pretty smart observation.
Kim is not happy, though, as she wants Mike to think that Salani is all in and the others have ruined it by bringing Mike up. Kim is concerned about he possible "major uproar" that could result by voting off Mike and wonders if they should instead vote off Christina to keep Salani strong. However, no one can seem to come to a decision.
At Tribal, Mike is eliminated with five votes. "I knew going into it that at some point, it'd be guys versus girls. Unfortunately, it started tonight," he said following his exit. "I came into the game too hot and have been backpedaling ever since.
"I've talked to all the women and thought I had a good thing with them but I didn't. I thought I could trust so many women out here, but that just wasn't the case."
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• Senior Halloween Oct. 26
• Picture re-take day Oct. 17
• Grease Oct. 26-27 and Nov. 2-3 tickets $10 online $12 at the door
The Leaf
Filed under Columns
May 2018 Columns: Contemplating summer, endorsing athletes
Tribune News Services
Tribune News Services
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As college looms closer and closer, filling summer break with internships, part-time jobs, and standardized testing seems to become of greater importance than laying on the beach and letting time drift away with the sea salt breeze.
In reality though, being productive 24/7 is pretty much impossible. Your body and mind will be so worn out that you will not be as productive as you want.
So before booking 1,000+ hours to building your resume, you should also plan some time to relax and cool your head. Even if you are not going on vacation, you can have a relaxing time right at home.
Some mental-health boosts could come from finding a room in your house that you rarely go into and reading a book in your new reading nook. Or going outside and doing some gardening to get some fresh air, clear your head, and get a nice tan. There are so many options if you look for them.
But make sure it is complete relaxation by spending it with your phone away. An hour without your phone may seem unusual or even uncomfortable at first, but the satisfaction gained is much greater.
Relaxation is also maximized when you are surrounded by nature. Even without meditation, being in nature encapsulated by the sounds of the birds, creatures, and the howling of the wind does wonders.
It brings people back down and allows a sort of meditation of peace without even a conscious effort to meditate.
After a walk in Sharon Woods or time in my backyard, I never felt that it was a waste of time, but rather, time well spent because I felt happier afterward.
However, I am not encouraging you to burn all your applications and summer homework on the spot. Many are panicking to improve their resumes and stress is piling high, so it is important to find balance and relax a little.
In reality, relaxation can promote productivity and is necessary to keep yourself from going crazy.
Imagine having a job that will pay you millions of dollars with little to no degree, allow early retirement, gain millions of fans, and allows endorsements which add on millions of more dollars on top of your salary. This is the reality in the word of professional sports.
It is mind-blowing to me that individuals can receive copious amounts of money, more than they can ever spend in their lifetime, for simply playing a sport or being apart of a team.
According to the Forbes “World’s Highest-Paid Athletes” chart, Cristiano Ronaldo, soccer player, and LeBron James, basketball player, are the winners raking in almost 200 million dollars between the two of them. However, Ronaldo gets paid 93 million compared to LeBron’s 86.2 million. Still, an unnecessary amount of money.
Why is it necessary to reward these individuals for their performance? I bet athletes would compete just as stellar receiving five or even one million dollars to play pro.
Could you imagine what would happen if the relished Sunday night football games or March Madness frenzy where millions of Americans cram themselves into sweaty sports bars and gather around jumbo t.v. screens suddenly vanished?
We treat athletes like they are up on a pedestal and will do whatever we can to preserve them for our entertainment. Almost like movie stars, we idolize them and therefore compensate them heavily for remaining in our lives.
Endorsements are a major percentage of how athletes receive additional income. This is an incredibly powerful marketing strategy because sports are so deeply woven into American culture. We crave the approval of athletes so much that LeBron received 55 million dollars alone just from endorcements.
Sports are the bread and butter of American culture. We prove that constantly with our wallet.
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The student voice of Sycamore High School in Cincinnati, Ohio
May 2018 Columns: Contemplating summer, endorsing athletes
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https://shsleaf.org/37348/opinion/columns/may-2018-columns-contemplating-summer-endorsing-athletes/
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Gratitude Day 10:
I'm thankful for family vacations. I've been so blessed to be able to have so many wonderful trips that have brought me many memories. I'm so thankful for them and all they offer me.
I'm grateful for my special talent of deal shopping. I owe it to my mom, she's who taught me. I've just taken it to the extreme. I'm glad I can get good deals so my husband and I our able to save but still have things.
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Sunday, March 20, 2016
"We prefer to make our own..."
This post was inspired by the legendary Joe Humphreys.
Joe Humphreys, circa 1988
The video quality is still surprisingly good.
Or at least that's what I'm going to try to do.
My arsenal of country fried leader making supplies.
Thursday, March 10, 2016
Rules are rules: potential world record bass denied
I haven't posted anything in a really long time here... but the great thing about a blog like this is everything is pretty much the same as when I left it. Hopefully I'll be making more frequent contributions here, and hopefully some of my followers are still out there.
Most of the content I have shared on my blog is entirely original. In order for me to share somebody else's video, it has to be pretty special. I felt like this video qualifies. It's currently trending on YouTube. I saw it last week when it was only a couple of days old. Now it has been seen by more than 125,000 viewers.
If you like seeing big bass, then this should be enough to make you drool. Take a few minutes to enjoy seeing a truly special fish.
The video brings up a couple of really interesting points.
1. If you want to catch a world record fish and submit it to IGFA, you better follow the rules. In this case weighing the fish in a boat on the water (and not on dry land) cost the angler a world record.
2. The fish in question is not a Spotted Bass (Micropterus punctulatus). The fish is an Alabama Bass (M. henshalli)- formerly Alabama Spotted Bass (M. p. henshalli). For details on current taxonomy see the following paper: "The Alabama Bass, Micropterus henshalli (Teleostei: Centrarchidae), from the Mobile River basin."
I seriously doubt you will see point #2 discussed anywhere else, but it's of great interest to me as a biologist and an Alabama fisherman. The "Spotted Bass" swimming in most of the state's waters, except the Tennessee River drainages, aren't just any old Spotted Bass anymore. They were long considered to be a unique subspecies of Spotted Bass, but as is often the story with the classification and taxonomy of living organisms, things have changed. In this case, the Alabama variety of Spotted Bass has been elevated to full species status.
So... you may be wondering how I know (or at least why I believe) the fish in the video is an Alabama Bass.
Well... it is pretty well known that the reservoirs of California that are well known for their "Spotted Bass" fishing were originally stocked with fish from Alabama. As a matter of fact, if you do a little research, you will find out that the first "Spotted Bass" stocked in California's Perris Lake originated from Lewis Smith Lake- "Fishing Through Life" Bill's home water. I should also add that the two species of bass just don't even really look alike... but that's just my opinion. Anyone who has caught true Northern Spotted Bass should be able to see that the giant from California just doesn't look like the fish they've caught. The differences which actually distinguish the two species are obviously a bit more technical than just general appearances... but to me it's obvious.
I seriously doubt anything will change with IGFA anytime soon, but based on the current state of taxonomy, there should now be two separate world records for Northern Spotted Bass (M. punctulatus) and Alabama Bass (M. henshalli). Considering that the current world record for "Spotted Bass" is from a California reservoir it is highly likely to actually be an Alabama Bass. Who knows what the largest true Northern Spotted that was ever caught might have been? It's essentially a record that has been lost... one that for now doesn't even exist. I don't expect the fishing community at large or the IGFA to immediately pick up on new taxonomy when it is first introduced, but to me it makes fishing just a bit more interesting. One of my favorite things about fishing is catching as many different species as possible. Adding another unique species to the lifelist of species I've caught is good stuff.
If you have any questions or want to debate taxonomy or whatever, please leave a comment below. I'm looking forward to reconnecting with my readers.
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http://naturalistsangle.blogspot.com/2016/03/
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Hi Andrew, it seems like a relatively complicated setup with many variables (ie potential sources of error) to control. Here are some additional things to consider:
-Reciprocity failure: Assuming I'm following your methodology correctly, reciprocity failure will have a greater influence as exposure time increases (since you are doing separate exposures). This could help explain the flattening of the highlights. It is best to eliminate reciprocity failure from the test. Using an enlarger as the light source for an in-camera test is problematic because of the relatively low level of illumination.
-Lens extension: For an in-camera test it would be best to focus the lens at infinity. Focusing on your close target means the lens is likely extended enough to require exposure compensation versus the handheld meter.
-Half-stop resolution: If you have limited materials, and given the variables involved, I'd suggest doing the test in full stops to simplify things. You can interpolate between points. Alternatively - if you contact a step tablet you could plot the full curve in 1/2 stops or 1/3 stops using only 2 or three frames of film. It's not an in-camera test, but it eliminates many variables, including flare.
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http://www.apug.org/forums/viewpost.php?p=1440125
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Technology is catching up to the promise
Video capturing devices are changing the way we see events unfolding. It may be catching up to the promise of defending democracy through citizen involvement.
After speaking to Gautham about it, and then reading his post on the Libyan protests, it occurred to me that video technology is really catching up to the promises of citizen journalism.
The disturbing footage of protesters walking into gunfire is unlike anything I have ever seen. As was the footage of the US military helicopter crew shooting and killing people. Even here in the United States, we had footage of Oscar Grant being killed, taking with mobile devices. These kinds of video show the reality of the situation, much more so than, “30 killed and countless wounded”.
More so than the supposed importance of social networks in coordinating protests (in countries where the primary problems are economic issues that are prohibitive to have access to said networks in the first place), the images and feeds we get from people on the ground are really breaking through the sanitized media filter we are used to.
It gives me hope, because so often technology looks like it is just going to be used to track and target us, but when cameras can be made small and cheap, tyranny can’t catch people off guard for long. As a person living the a “first world” country, it is my responsibility to ensure that technology continues to free people. On that note, check out the Electronic Frontier Foundation.
Edit: Mike reminded me of Serval, which makes me happy on many levels. Imagine an international org passing out plug server routers that enable mesh communication networks. Oh, and check out Freedom Box.
1 thought on “Technology is catching up to the promise”
Leave a Reply
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https://iki.am/2011/02/technology-is-catching-up-to-the-promise/
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Paris Ile-de-France History
Paris is more than 2,000 years old. Gauls of the Parisii tribe settled there between 250 and 200 BC and founded a fishing village on an island in the river that is the present-day Ile de la Cité - the center around which Paris developed.
Known as Lutetia (Lutece) in ancient times, Paris was conquered by Julius Caesar in 52 BC, and existed as a regional center under the Romans and in the early Middle Ages. In 987, Hugues Capet, Count of Paris, became king of France, and under his successors, the Capetians, the city's position as the nation's capital became established.
Often characterized as spirited and rebellious, the people of Paris first declared themselves an independent commune under the leadership of Etienne Marcel in 1355-58. The storming of the Bastille in 1789 was the first of a series of key actions by the Parisian people during the French revolution. Paris also played a major role in the revolutions of 1830 and 1848. In 1871, during the Franco-prussian war, the city was besieged for four months until France surrendered. After German troops withdrew, French radicals briefly established the commune of Paris. During World War I the Germans were prevented from reaching Paris, but they occupied the city during World War II from 1940 to 1944. Paris was again the scene of violence during the student riots of 1968.
Paris today maintains its importance, character, and charm, though its appearance is being transformed by structures such as Beaubourg and by the ambitious building program carried out under the presidency of François Mitterrand. In addition to the La Défense arch and the Bastille Opéra, Mitterrand's projects have included the renovation of the Louvre museum by architect I. M. Pei, the La Villette complex on the northeastern edge of the city, and, in the southeast, the Bibliothèque de France, a great computer-age library.
Planning for Paris and the Paris Basin region includes consideration of large land areas in the Seine River valley all the way to the mouth of the river. New towns, parks, industrial locations, and expanded functions of existing towns are contemplated for this corridor on both sides of the Seine.
Return to Paris Ile-de-France Home Page
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pre orders
Next Story
The Good, Bad, And Ugly Of Obamacare’s Online Price Comparison Site
There’s an increasing opportunity in helping hardware startups bring their products to market, and Toronto ecommerce startup ShopLocket has identified a key area in that process where they might be able to help out, and pick up some new business in the process. The company is introducing its new pre-order platform at the Glazed Wearable conference in San Francisco today, giving hardware startups and product-based companies a way to book sales of devices before they ever hit the production lines.
Often companies like Pebble will launch on Kickstarter, bringing in considerable interest from an early adopter crowd during a campaign that could span a month or two. But then there’s a big gap between the end of those campaigns and the actual ship date of their product, and in that gap you run the risk of losing a lot of the publicity steam built up during the crowdfunding phase.
shoplocket-screenshot-attach-checkoutPebble launched its own pre-order portal, and others like the Thalmic Labs MYO armband just started right out the gate with an open-ended pre-order period, but often that can take a lot of work and building your own platform, as Lockitron did. ShopLocket wants to make all of those things easier, adding support for pre-order campaigns to its lightweight storefront platform.
“ShopLocket can either be used as an alternative to Kickstarter or Indiegogo for an initial launch, [or] it can be used after a crowdfunding campaign to allow companies to continue collecting pre-orders,” ShopLocket founder and CEO Katherine Hague explained in an interview. “When used as a replacement to traditional crowdfunding platforms, ShopLocket could be considered an elegant plug-and-play alternative to something like Selfstarter [Lockitron's in-house tool, which it released for others to use].”
Already, ShopLocket’s platform has been quietly helping companies debut and build continued interest in their products. ECG identification tech wearable Nymi used it to fund their device Kickstarter-style, and others including Nomiku and GlassUp are now running their pre-order campaigns with it, after having successfully raised funds on other platforms. Selfstarter campaigns require ample setup and knowledge of code, while ShopLocket’s system is fully customizable with a graphic interface that even total coding amateurs can manage.
To power the payments part of its new service, ShopLocket has turned to Stripe, which it chose over competing options like PayPal and Amazon Payments for a number of reasons.
“For our sellers, the process of creating a Stripe account is incredibly easy [and] we are in the process of further optimizing the seller flow, so that sellers don’t even have to sign up with Stripe until they actually want to start charging on pre-orders — something not possible with PayPal or Amazon,” Hague said. “For buyers, Stripe is actually a more accessible platform than PayPal or Amazon, which generally require accounts to make a purchase. Stripe will allow buyers to checkout with a simple credit card form, no account required.”
shoplocket-screenshot-product-creationStripe also offers native design integration, so buyers aren’t shuttled away to a separate site and then shuttled back in to complete the transaction, which is a big advantage in terms of decreasing cart abandonment rates and generally providing an experience that businesses can control in every respect.
I wondered whether this emerging market segment might not be a little too niche for ShopLocket to focus much attention on, but Hague says there’s plenty of interest already, and that’s also growing at a rapid clip. So far, they’ve found over 500 projects launched launched in products and hardware every month, which represent tens of millions of dollars raised.
“This represents only a small segment of the overall market,” Hague adds. “For these companies, ShopLocket is a better solution than a traditional hosted storefront for the next phase of their business. We let them use any website, including their existing one, to grow from pre-orders to a full shopping cart over time. We believe that the next billion dollar storefront platform will be born from serving this rapidly growing market of new product creators.”
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Thursday, February 9, 2017
"No One Ever Visits, And I Think The Staff Is Stealing From Me," By Donald Trump
I don't like it here. I don't know why I had to leave my home in New York. When Steve made me do this he promised to visit every day, but now I don't see him. He's planning some sanctions or something with Mike, and I'm all alone here. Also, I'm certain one of the staff took my bathrobe the other day.
"The facility is really great, dad. You have everything you want." That's what Jared told me. "There's a pool, and the food is great, and we're going to make sure all the TVs get cable so you can watch Fox whenever you want." But I miss my family and friends, and the people at all the rallies. Why can't we go back to the way it was?
My phone disappeared the other day after some tweet I made, and then when I complained about it, it got magically "found" again. You think I don't know what's going on? I get confused sometimes, sure. I can't find the Situation Room, and I say "Yemen" when I'm talking about Iran. But I'm still sharp - my doctor said so. Now Sean Spicer talks to those reporters about me like I'm not even there. Do you know how that makes me feel?
I am a human being, okay? And I won the electoral vote! I demand some respect.
If they serve that nasty tapioca again, I'm completely going to threaten China with an airstrike. Then they'll start paying attention.
1. Do you mind if I share and link to this on Democratic Underground? I know the site wasn't always appreciative of your writing, but I think this is brilliant and many people there will love it.
1. Please do. Some people on the site gave me a hard time, but readers like you made it fun. You can ALWAYS link there. Don't have to ask beforehand. I think their rule is the first few paragraphs, and then a link or something?
Related Posts with Thumbnails
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Sunday, September 16, 2012
Tumblring in Washington, DC
I happened to find myself in Washington DC this past week, as 9/11 bled into the horrifying murders of Ambassador Chris Stevens, information officer Sean Smith, security specialist Glenn Doherty and a fourth American whose name I don't think has been released.
Except for a quick visit to the Library of Congress archives three years ago, I had not been in the capital or capitol since a junior high school trip.
The first thing that struck me is the presence of the flag at half staff: unlike NYC, flags are omnipresent, and the constant visual reminder of the national deaths is very poignant.
Our national monuments are impressive, as they need to be to help with the nation building behind E Pluribus Unum. I enjoyed a nighttime bike tour to see their illuminated state, and then returned to see them during the day. That's when they come to life with thousands of visitors: particularly moving are the number of Asian visitors at the Vietnam Memorial, and the elderly veterans in wheelchairs with comrades and friends at the WWII memorial.
Here's my Tumblr-homage to the monuments of the District of Columbia.
Union Station; Jefferson; FDR with Eleanor; MLK; Lincoln; Korea; Vietnam; WWII; Washington; Memorial to the Japanese-American Patriotism in WWII, colloquially known as the Internment Memorial. The names of 10 internment camps are on one side, with the numbers of how many Japanese American were held. My guide said that as the war progressed and the army needed more fighters, men in the camps were conscripted. The names of the men from the camps who died in combat are listed in the bottom picture.
Tuesday, September 11, 2012
"Out of the Clear Blue Sky": The Story of Cantor Fitzgerald and 9/11
In August I attended some of the DocuDays films at IFC, and one that has stayed with me is Out of the Clear Blue Sky: it's an insider's look at the story of Cantor Fitzgerald and 9/11. With the distance of 10 years it tells the sad, unique story of this company and how people have picked up and moved on as they can from such personal devastation.
Cantor Fitzgerald is a financial services company that specializes in bond trading: it's one of twenty primary dealers who trade U.S. government securities directly with the Fed. In 2001 its corporate headquarters were floors 101 to 105 of the North Tower at the World Trade Center. When terrorists flew American Airlines Flight 11 into the tower, the Cantor people were 2 to 6 floors above impact. Of the 960 employees who worked there, the 658 people who were at their desk all died. The only Cantor employees who lived weren't at the office, or had left the floors for one reason or another.
The deaths from this one company were 24% of all WTC victims.
Filmmaker Danielle Gardner gained the trust of the company and the families to weave the many sides of the complicated overall story together very well: the rise, fall, and rise again of the CEO then and now, Howard Lutnick, who was often seen on TV in the days immediately following the attacks; how the executives regrouped and tried to see who was alive, who was dead, and in the next breath had to decide whether they would fold the company or try to go on; what it meant that they had to borrow $70 billion dollars, which they were given a very short time to pay back.
The story of the cold business of literally making money for people alongside the obscene loss of life gets at the very heart of the attacks. The Towers were targeted because of their connection to the very center of the capitalist system: this wasn't a museum, this is where much of the business of making money in a global economy took palace.
As distasteful as it might seem to be thinking of money at that time, to close the company would be giving the terrorists what they wanted. And so, while in complete shock, Lutnick—who lived because he happened to be taking his son to the first day of school that morning—–set up a crisis center at the Pierre Hotel in midtown for the families as he huddled with whomever was still alive to see if the company could remain open. In those first days relatives still hoped that loved ones would be found, and the agony and despair of that crisis center makes the enormity of the day easier to grasp for the viewer because of its personal level.
One ugly fact on the business side is the phone call the major bond companies had in the afternoon of the the 11th. Lutnick says that a major competitor pushed for the bond floor to reopen on Thursday, the 13. The stock exchange didn't reopen until the following Monday, and there was no reason the bond trades had to go earlier, except that the competitor was hoping to pick up some of the business that Cantor couldn't handle, if they came back on line at all. Yup, capitalism as cold-blooded as it gets.
Cantor did get back online on Thursday, just barely, and that side of the story is fascinating to see unfold told by the people who were there, completely parallel to what was going on in the family crisis center at the Pierre.
I don't remember Howard Lutnick on TV, crying. Apparently he went on nearly every morning/talk program in the week after the attacks. Then there was a controversy that Cantor stopped paychecks for the 658 the week after the attacks. There are nuances to the situation, which I'll leave to the film. But the company fairly quickly set up support groups for the families. First they did it by geography--North Jersey, Long Island, Connecticut, etc---but they soon learned that people needed to be with those shared the same pain, and so it became Widows, Parents, Fiancees, Siblings, etc. All brought together because someone worked at a specific company.
The Cantor Culture
I experienced a small taste of the financial services culture myself. In the late 1980s I worked for a mutual fund company, Lord, Abbett & Co, as a shareholder reports writer/editor. Wall Street had a glamor back then, and I was curious.
Lord Abbett wasn't as high-powered as Cantor in my day. But the bond traders were connected to the world in a unique way at a time before the internet. Topical jokes went like lightening across their network, and it was a band of brothers, where women were few and far between. It was often a frat party atmosphere, but it was only the smartest guys and they who knew the stakes were very big and very serious. Hence Oliver Stone's Wall Street.
Cantor Fitzgerald was started in 1945 by B. Gerald Cantor and John Fitzgerald. From the stories from the surviving family members, you see Cantor as a company that encouraged bringing in qualified friends and siblings. That's why the number of parents who lost 2 children in the collapse was 27. Widows also lost brothers, because friends brought friends in and marriage ensued. 955 children lost a parent. 38 pregnant wives were left behind. It just can't be said enough: the personal toll of this one company is enormous, and the interviews with some of the parents 10 years out are some of the most poignant moments of the film. So calm, so eloquent, still in shock.
I hope Out of the Clear Blue Sky is shown on TV. The interviews with employees about what it was like to work up in the clouds as well as the attacks and aftermath are a valuable and important oral history. And the last shots of the film, which I won't give away, are very moving as they softly portray the important message, 11 years out: never forget.
Cantor Fitzgerald now has 1,700 employees. The terrorists just didn't get it: you can't kill an idea. Thank God.
A clip from the film.
Monday, September 10, 2012
Travels with Cadfael: The Songs of Elba
I wrote this in 2007 as part of the Cadfael travelogues, but it's really a 9/11 post about the first anniversary of the attacks.
All travel has undertones. At the very least, there is the underlying energy that propels you out the door in the first place. For me, this particular Italian trip was a traditional American vacation, where I got to vacate the city for a bit and take a break from the job that pays the bills . . . and the travels. It was a also a chance to spend some extended time with Cadfael, my Benedictine monk friend, sharing something special.
And it was a tiny exercise in courage with a quest for healing. Because I got on a plane, in New York City, on September 12, 2002, to go to Italy. At that time, at the one-year mark from the attacks, there was deep uncertainty about what might happen, especially where flying was concerned, and everyone kept moving and living as best they could.
That first anniversary in New York was sad and difficult after a shattering year. There were many memorials and tributes in the churches and temples as well as down at Ground Zero, which helped to respect the day. Many of the stores up and down Madison Avenue created simple, elegant tributes in their windows, either removing merchandise entirely or covering it with black velvet—with bouquets of flowers and signs that read “We Will Never Forget” and “You Are in Our Hearts Forever.” It was a heavy, heavy day.
Then I was lucky to go to Italy to see the monk, and so to Elba.
Able Was I . . .
"I wanted to ask you why you stopped at the Isle of Elba."
"It was to carry out an order from Captain Leclère. As he was dying he gave me a package to deliver to Marshal Bertrand there.
So that was Edmond Dantes’s excuse—a deathbed promise. Cadfael and I had no such noble focus. Did you know that Dumas decided to write The Count of Monte Cristo after visiting Elba himself? He was traveling with a nephew of Bonaparte’s, and as they sailed back from Elba he saw the other islands in the Tuscan Archipelago——Gorgona, Capraia, Pianosa, Montecristo, Giglio, and Giannutri——and vowed to write a novel in memory of the trip. So there must be something captivating going on there. . . .
Cadfael and I drove southwest from San Gimignano to the port of Piombino for the ferry to Portoferraio, the city of Napolean Bonaparte’s first exile.
We spent our first Elban evening in the hotel. The lobby was pleasant—-the white tile floors spoke to the beachiness of the location, and the décor was clean and modern. To the left of the bar was a baby grand piano. Cad plays by ear, and has a good tenor voice. He asked the manager if he could play for a bit, and he said yes. There were small clusters of guests scattered throughout the lobby, mostly German tourists.
Actually there are so many German visitors on Elba, and the language is so prevalent, that it is a little disorienting. “M.A., can we please go back to Italy?"
At the piano, Cad’s repertoire is easy listening on the sentimental side, but with a musician’s flair. I sat by his side as he sang Piano Man and She's Always a Woman and joined in for some harmonies on Thunder Road and Four Green Fields. We sang out, but it was not intrusive and we could hear the soft conversation buzz throughout. There was some sweet applause when the set ended. It was nice.
Ah, the drink break.
Refueled, Cad started playing again, noodling around a theme, then playing it straight out: Oh my gosh, it was America the Beautiful. I was stunned to hear the tune. I hadn’t been thinking at all about home, and that haunting melody can put a lump in my throat at the very best of times.
To keep from crying I tried to focus on Cad’s expressive phrasing, and somewhere in the second verse I heard myself adding the harmony. Cad modulated during a verse interlude, and we sang the last verse in a higher key, putting the “alabaster cities gleam/undimmed by human tears” into a stronger part of vocal ranges.
When the song ended, we realized that everyone in the room had stopped talking. I felt a little numb, very self-conscious, and a little embarrassed. How cheesy was this? Would we come across as obnoxious Americans?
There were several beats of complete, palpable, silence . . . and then the conversation buzz picked up again. A hug from the strangers in the room would not have felt more embracing.
Cad went to get us drinks, and we sat and drank, for quite a while.
The next day we left to go back to Rome.
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As Bold As Red, As Soft As Velvet
As Bold as Red, as Soft as Velvet revolves around Gary, a young guy who identifies himself as asexual.
Gary is preparing himself for a brand new day as per usual. But it's not any regular day when Matthew, Gary's colleague, pays a surprise visit to his house and confesses his true feelings. At the same time, Mrs. B, Gary's mother, unintentionally witness the whole scene and freaks out.
Amidst all of the sudden chaos and unexpected, Gary realizes his true sexual orientation. He needs to face his partner, his mother, and himself, both in the real world and in his subconscious, to gain acceptance from everyone and complete a maturity ritual.
Will Gary ever succeed in the ritual and ultimately accepting himself?
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Sunday, July 13, 2014
interesting premise
This was an interesting article and premise. It makes sense to me after seeing what Tea Partiers do at Town Hall meetings, how they will vote for one of their own even if it means a Democrat wins. They are fundamentalists. That I always knew but that it has the dynamics of a cult explains the Clyde Bundy craziness when the reality is this guy was trying to avoid paying lease fees by declaring himself not owing to the 'pharisees' but instead should go to his god-- local government under his control.
It explains something else I have argued and why it didn't work. I said Occupy had to go political if it hoped to make a real difference. It could not stay on the streets and get anything really done. But it never did. Why? Because it didn't have the fervor of religion behind it is one possibility.
When you hear someone like Ted Cruz speaking with religious zeal or you listen to a Dinesh D'Souza as he argues intellectually why Obama has destroyed our country but it can be taken back (taken back by whom you might ask... somebody knows by whom and they are backing D'Souza, I'd bet), with guys like these two, what you see and hear are either religious zealots or charlatans, snake oil salesmen. Take your pick which.
Hearing Limbaugh again last week, it's easier to see him as a charlatan. Sure he goes for the slick answers and ignores many facts on anything he's ranting about, but he barely sounds as though he believes it. He is making millions off saying it but does he believe it? I am not sure. He sure knows who keeps him on the air.
Ted Cruz though, he is a born messiah and as radical as those who lead the Caliph type cults in the Middle East. He seems to totally believe it. Likewise D'Souza . He puts together a string of facts for his books, makes them sound very intellectual and gets best sellers-- often by the right wing buying up a lot of them to start and get them ratings. True believers follow because he gives intellectual credence to what they already want to believe. Cruz provides the emotional depth as he uses the oration of an evangelist which he really comes across as being-- evangelism for a new America where Christian believers make the rules.
Do facts matter to any of these purveyors of this new religion (which often encompasses foreign wars necessary to keep unity among those believers)? Of course, but they have to be carefully chosen and used. When I was in churches, they called it the satan sandwich which suits it well, whether you believe in a real Satan or not-- string together two truths and in the middle is a lie. The lie is believed because of what surrounds it.
Americans need to be very aware that two truths in a statement with a lie doesn't make the lie have any value or even connection to the supposed conclusion. A few classes in basic logic would help.
Facts: Advanced civilizations have run on oil. Canada has oil shale that can produce oil. A pipeline can be built. Jobs can be created. Liberals don't like things that damage the environment. All can be true or false but totally unconnected to each other. To draw conclusions from two facts, they have to be related.
Ted Cruz having the ability to speak like an orator of religious powers does not mean he's spouting religion. It does not mean he's lying. It does not mean he is bad. To figure out where he fits, you have to read his words without the emotions. See what his agenda is not where his passion lies or how he emotionally inspires the listener (this is also true for Obama who is no small shakes on oratory himself).
When someone like Glenn Beck wants to do charitable work for immigrant children, the Tea Party base jumps all over him. The fact that he's always done such work is ignored by the right and left who are just looking for something to use-- looking for what they want to believe already.
Ingineer66 said...
I think you are reaching when you compare Ted Cruz to Radical Muslim leaders. Ted Cruz has not cut off the heads of any of his political or religious opponents. Now if we have our own version of the Night of the Long Knives like Hitler did, then you might have a comparison.
I was discussing the Tea Party with a conservative friend the other day. He was lamenting about how the nut jobs have taken over the movement. The Tea Party folks that I knew back when it started were about Fiscal responsibility and less government intrusion in our lives. Things that I think a lot of people support. The liberals used to want to keep the government out of our lives, but now they seem to want the government to control every aspect of it. So their message has been changed as well.
Wally Blue said...
If Cruz sounds like an evangelist he comes by it naturally. His father is a preacher. He's the director of Purifying Fire Ministries in Texas and is has connections with the New Apostolic Reformation which leans toward Christian Dominionists. He believes that his son has been anointed by God to be president. I think traditional Republicans are regretting their unholy alliance with the Christian Right.
Rain Trueax said...
Cruz doesn't have the power yet, ingineer. Hitler didn't start out being Hitler either. And I am not saying Cruz is but his power comes from that oratory as many believe does Obama's. We need to instead listen to their words. Go by what they say not what we think logically they should say. Or even what we want them to say. I remember when Obama got elected and some were interviewed with thinking he'd promised them a lot he never had. I think what the article was about is what he is now but more why he has the popularity he does.
And that was interesting, Wally. I can see the fervor in Cruz but haven't researched him much.
Ingineer66 said...
I don't know much about Cruz yet. But I do not think I am a fan. I can think of several other Republicans that would be better Presidents.
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Friday, April 20, 2007
Buick Riviera Concept - Official Photos
Buick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera Concept
Buick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera Concept
Buick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera Concept
Buick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptBuick Riviera ConceptThe Buick Riviera, a stunning concept car designed to showcase Buick's new global design direction, made its global debut today at Auto Shanghai 2007. The gullwing Riviera concept coupe was developed with global design input by the Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center (PATAC) in China, a design and engineering joint venture between General Motors and Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation (SAIC).
The Riviera was introduced today by Rick Wagoner, GM Chairman and CEO, and Hu Maoyuan, SAIC Chairman.
The Riviera has been engineered to accommodate a new hybrid system that will go into production at Shanghai GM, GM's flagship joint venture with SAIC, in 2008.
The fuel-efficient car, which will feature several technological and manufacturing advances, represents the latest achievement of GM and its partners in the promotion and development of alternative propulsion technologies in China.
According to Ed Welburn, vice president, GM Global Design, "Developing and launching the Riviera in China underscores the diversity, strength and depth of the GM global design network. It also reflects PATAC's growing role within the GM Design family and China's significance as the world's largest Buick market."
The Riviera also marks the return of a renowned Buick nameplate after an eight-year hiatus, having sold more than 1.1 million units in the United States between 1963 and 1999.
The Buick Riviera, with its tightly stretched carbon fiber body panels, combination of positive and negative curves, strong front and rear identities and gullwing doors, captures the essence of Buick classics, Welburn said, while presenting a thoroughly 21st century design.
"The Riviera concept certainly lived up to the nameplate's reputation," Welburn said.
"We developed the Riviera to communicate the global design vocabulary of the Buick brand and set the stage for General Motors' design, engineering and manufacturing centers to work together on the next generation of Buick mid-size luxury cars."
According to James Shyr, PATAC Design Director, the Riviera's enticing curves and 'earth and water' interior tones are drawn from diverse inspirations including classic Buicks, ancient Chinese artifacts and modern electronic icons. The car, inside and out, communicates universal beauty - a look that transcends cultural or national boundaries.
"Designing this car made us realize how small the world could be. It's not East. It's not West. It's not the United States or China. It's Buick," Shyr said.
Exterior Design - A Sense Of Existence, Not Anonymity
To establish their design direction, PATAC designers looked in part to Buick icons such as the original Y-Job Concept of 1938, the 1960s Le Sabre, Electra 225 and the Riviera coupes of the 1960s and '70s.
The Riviera design is structured around the Buick tri-shield logo, sitting proudly on a trihedral waterfall grille which is formed by three meeting planes. This takes the traditional Buick treatment to a new level of sophisticated boldness.
The logo, hood strip, headlamps, side mirrors and rocker covers all have 'icy green' backlighting available at night, matched by backlit logo and exhausts at the rear.
Designers have cleverly incorporated several other design signatures from the original Riviera generation. They include the "double sweep spear" line along the bodyside and the flared tail design.
"This car was inspired by great Buicks - their grace, their gesture. This car was designed to achieve a sense of existence. It's not an anonymous car when it drives past you but it's not completely in your face either. We wanted to create something which would make you want to run your hand across it rather than just look at it," Shyr said.
In this theme, the 'Shell Blue' exterior color was chosen to elicit the right level of attention. The color is a metallic silver with light blue accents, perfectly highlighting the coupe's exterior curves.
The gullwing doors, selected for their exotic appeal, achieve an expansive entrance to the two-plus-two seating configuration. Measuring 1938 millimeters at their widest point, they add to the coupe's sleek sideline. At night, fully opened doors gently shine the "Buick" name on the ground.
The use of carbon fiber in all body panels allowed the designers greater flexibility through reduced mass and added strength. This made the gullwing engineering demands easier to realize and sharp, tight radius curves possible across the body surface.
The Riviera sits on 21-inch 10-spoke forged aluminum wheels, combining polished and satin finishes, with low-profile tires. Taking their cue from Formula One cars, the side mirrors are sweeping yet unobtrusive.
PATAC designed the Buick Riviera to accommodate the new hybrid system, which will be introduced in China in 2008 prior to the Beijing Olympics. The new hybrid system fits naturally with the Riviera's 'earth and water' design theme.
Interior Design - All About Relaxation
In a word - sanctuary. The use of rich blue and subtle creams, representing earth and water themes, are conveyed through high-quality leather bucket seats, plush carpet and a luxurious padded steering wheel. Completing the organic feel, the roof comprises two shaded glass windows offering increased headroom and a celestial connection for occupants.
"We had to have the driver feel relaxed and tranquil inside the car. We used earth and water tones and avoided hard, aggressive edges," Shyr said.
Interior designers were encouraged to consider people's personal belongings to enhance their feeling of familiarity and comfort in the vehicle. Continuing the theme of calm simplicity, electronic shifter pads replace the traditional transmission shifter. Controls are kept to a minimum to avoid driver distraction.
Ambient light strips are applied from across the console and inserted on the door liner, stretching to the front seats. Deliberately imitating precious Chinese jade stone, the lights are tinted a subtle icy green, which also offers tribute to a favored color of Buicks in days gone by.
Interior trim treatments befitting the Buick prestige abound - miniature aluminum tri-shields in the front seat headrests, a wooden floor mat in the rear and a rear central armrest which can move sideways left and right to accommodate passengers of different sizes.
Royal blue Alcantara, a soft plush covering, was chosen for the door, console and roof while sandy white leather covers the lower door, lower console and seats.
Ancient Influences In Modern Design
The design team set out to create a modern global design - not something which could be superficially described as a Chinese car. At the same time, they sought to draw from their heritage outside the automotive industry from classic shapes, concepts and artifacts. They wanted to include a subtle Chinese essence and influence if one looked deeply enough.
"This design was about the East and the West co-existing in harmony. We always wanted to make a global car, to take a sense of the Buick DNA and create something for the world," Shyr said.
"It is so wonderful that our designers can take some of the rich culture behind them and make it international. East, West, Buick, China - there's no missing piece in the puzzle in here. Riviera has captured the essence of Buick - grace, gesture, form and emotion."
Source: GM
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ShareThis Page
Arnold neighbors want Stop-N-Go store gone
| Wednesday, Feb. 13, 2013, 12:56 a.m.
Susan Fernandes expresses concern for her safety and others who live near the Arnold Stop-N-Go convenience store on Constitution Boulevard during the Arnold council meeting on Tuesday, Feb. 12, 2013. The convenience store, which is near Fernandes' home, was busted for allegedly selling illicit drugs for a second time in four months. Erica Hilliard | Valley News Dispatch
With the faces of Arnold residents reflected in the glass behind him, Arnold Mayor Larry Milito answers questions about the Arnold Stop-N-Go convenience store during the council meeting on Tuesday, Feb. 12, 2013. The convenience store was busted for allegedly selling illicit drugs twice in four months. Erica Hilliard | Valley News Dispatch
Betty Jane Langer listens closely as Arnold Council members answer questions about the Arnold Stop-N-Go during the council meeting on Tuesday, Feb. 12, 2013. The owners of the convenience store, which is close to where Langer resides, were busted for allegely selling synthetic marijuana for a second time in four months. Erica Hilliard | Valley News Dispatch
Arnold residents want the Arnold Stop-N-Go convenience store to live up to its name.
“If they would stop and go away, that would be fine,” said Susan Fernandes, whose Kenneth Avenue home is behind the Constitution Boulevard store that twice in the past four months has been raided for alleged sales of synthetic marijuana.
Fernandes and her husband, Rey, were joined by several neighbors at Tuesday's council meeting to ask city officials to find a way to shut down the business that's about a year old.
In addition to the alleged drug sales, residents said excessive littering and loitering from customers have been an ongoing problem in the neighborhood. They said customers, especially youths, have been disrespectful and threatening.
The report that guns were seized from the business added another layer of fear to their concerns.
“We're a bit perplexed and concerned that they've been raided twice and they're still open,” Susan Fernandes said.
Arnold Solicitor John Pallone and police Chief Willie Weber said the process of closing a business is lengthy and complicated.
Weber said just gathering the evidence to raid and charge the operators of the store with alleged drug sales was complex due to the relative novelty of synthetic marijuana, also called K2 and Spice.
Weber said police began making undercover buys of the alleged illicit drug last spring, but found that initial samples did not exactly match the legal description of synthetic marijuana.
They had to keep gathering samples before they had enough evidence to justify the October raid that allegedly netted 50 pounds of the drug.
Backlog at the lab
The chief said they also had difficulty finding a laboratory capable of analyzing the samples. Because the lab was inundated with other samples of alleged drugs, it also took time to get the results back.
Weber said it wasn't until the last week that police could charge store operators Seif Suleiman Shuman and his brother, Muhannad Suleiman Shuman, both of Monroeville. Police issued a warrant for a third brother, Mohammad Suleiman Shoman, who authorities believe may be out of the country.
Now that drug-related arrests have occurred on the property, Weber said police can put the owners on notice that any additional charges there could result in the forfeiture of the property.
Residents questioned why New Kensington officials were able to quickly close the Hill Top Mart on Seventh Street, which also was under investigation for alleged sales of synthetic marijuana. Weber said he believed the owner of the building forced the tenant to close the store.
“It's not a quick fix,” Weber said.
Officials said attorney Duke George owns the Arnold Stop-N-Go property.
Weber said George was cooperating with Arnold officials' request that a fence be installed along the back of the store property to help prevent customers from loitering in the alley behind the store. The Fernandeses and their neighbors said patrons have caused damage to and trespassed on Kenneth Avenue properties.
Reached by phone late Tuesday, George confirmed he was willing to work with the city on installing a fence but was unaware of any other concerns.
“Nobody has contacted me,” George said.
George couldn't say whether he would consider evicting the store's operators, at least two of whom he is representing in relation to the drug charges.
Arnold officials acknowledged the residents' frustration and asked for their patience while the legalities are handled.
“We're trying to fix what turned into an unsavory situation,” said Pallone, referencing the city's excitement a year ago when the new business opened on what had been a vacant lot.
TribLIVE commenting policy
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Ken Pugh
Ken Pugh has extensive experience in the area of software analysis and design, both as a doer and as a teacher. He's a well-known, frequent conference speaker, and the author of Prefactoring, from O'Reilly.
Interface Oriented Design Interface Oriented Design (Pragmatic Bookshelf)
by Ken Pugh
July 2006
Prefactoring Prefactoring
by Ken Pugh
September 2005
Print: $29.95
Ebook: $23.99
"This is a good book with the proviso that you aren't an expert and you aren't the sort of programmer who just wants to get on with the job."
--Mike James, I Programmer
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Friday, August 16, 2013
Review on Friday Night Alibi
When I saw this book, the blurb immediately grabbed my attention! I quickly clicked the little request button on NetGalley and the request was approved!
Friday Night Alibi by Cassie Mae
Age: New Adult; 16 years and up
Review: 3.5 stars
The premise of this story interested me. It had been something I hadn’t heard before. A girl who people hire to be their alibi so they do whatever else they want—things that aren’t necessarily “Sundale approved.”—like go out on a date with a girl that the ‘rents wouldn’t approve of.
Kelli lives in Sundale, a generally small community of rich people where things have to be approved by their parents and if the things they do or the people they date aren’t “Sundale approved,” they might lose their trust funds. Since most of the people we meet in this story are super-rich who live off their trust funds, they can’t lose it.
That’s where Kelli comes in. People buy packets of Friday Night Alibis, and they memorize what they did, pay her, and then bam! Families are happy, they are happy. Everybody wins. Sort of. Until, of course, Kelli meets someone who makes her want to actually go do actual things on Friday nights.
And that’s where Chase comes in. Chase isn’t like other guys—though Kelli tries to treat him like them. But Chase keeps breaking through the walls that Kelli didn’t even know she had, and when Kelli realizes it, she has a hard choice to make.
Kelli has built walls around herself to keep herself from getting close to people. Her parents don’t care, and that’s affected her in more ways than one. To stop herself from going through that pain again, she doesn’t let herself get close to people. And she doesn’t even realize it.
Chase has a background that I sort of saw coming. There were hints here and there but not much else, so when Chase revealed it I wasn’t so surprised, but it was still sad to hear his story. But Chase is sweet and he is patient—and he truly loves Kelli’s company, even after the many pranks they’ve pulled on each other.
Kelli and Chase fit together so perfectly, that sometimes I wondered if this book is a bit too cheesy in that aspect. There are points where Chase just knows what to do—like when making out, he just happens to pretty much read her mind and knows what she wants—that it was a bit unbelievable. I mean, Chase hasn’t kissed more than three women and all of a sudden he’s a kissing expert? No, thank you.
It was fun to read their relationship grow and develop into a serious relationship (though Kelli might deny it at first) and the ending was a very sweet and happy one. When Kelli finally realized what was more important—her security and being “safe” or being truly happy and with someone she deeply cares about—I felt like it was about time! Poor Chase!
This book was a cute, light read with a slightly predictable ending that will leave you with a smile on your face. There were quirks—like the oranges!—and there were nights that were cute to read about. I recommend this book if you want something light and happy that has a guaranteed happy ending.
Book links: Goodreads * Amazon * B&N * iTunes * Kobo * Sony
More buy links at here.
1 comment:
1. Sounds like a good last minute summer pool read.
Sorry for responding late to your winner email. I'm surprised you haven't forfeited it!
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Beatrising artists and labels can now create Verified Spotify Accounts. Once your Verified Spotify Account is activated, you can start to build a community of fans who want to discover music through you. Each time you make a playlist or share a song, they’ll hear it.
Once verified, your account will be linked to your discography pages, making them easily searchable within the service. Remember, "followers" are essentially users who you can reach directly whenever you have new music to promote. You are creating a valuable direct-to-fan channel within Spotify.
Once verified, you'll get:
• a blue checkmark to your artist page;
• the ability to create & post artist playlists;
• the ability to brand playlists with images & descriptions;
• any followers on your Spotify account will also automatically start following your artist page.
How do I verify my artist page? Fill the form here and we'll take care of everything.
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
Is it true that all static solutions in GR are also spherically symmetric? Is there a proof of this?
Similarly, are all stationary solutions axisymmetric?
share|improve this question
1 Answer 1
The answer to your first question is no. In fact, you can find static, stationary solutions to GR corresponding to cosmic strings and domain walls, or even more exotic solutions, like the c-metric.
Your statement about axisymmetry is harder, mainly because I don't know of many non-axisymmetric solutions, period.
share|improve this answer
Your Answer
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Tuesday, July 05, 2016
COLUMN: Men in Black
Bad news, folks. We've got trouble, right here in River City. If recent reports are to be believed, our area could be looking at a danger the likes of which we, and quite possibly the entire human race, have never seen. And you know what happens whenever a troubling news story of such grave importance comes to our attention?
That's right, we send in the humor columnist.
Other reporters might be afraid of causing a panic, sensationalizing the truth, or fictionalizing news when there really is none, but that's never stopped me. Let's monger up some fear, what say?
Over the past two weeks, news stories, posts on social media, and calls to 911 have logged multiple sightings of mysterious men in black hanging out along the roadside at various locales in our neighboring Muscatine County. It's been reported that these ominous looking black-suited figures have been seen lurking in the shadows and occasionally trying to make contact with passing vehicles along Route 22.
Some people are assuming that it's just bored teenagers out to scare passersby, but my journalistic intuition says otherwise. Occam's Razor tells us that the simplest explanation for something is usually the correct one, and what explanation for these events is simpler than a FULL SCALE ALIEN INVASION OF MUSCATINE, IOWA?
So-called "men in black" have long been associated with UFO sightings, alien conspiracies, and high-grossing Will Smith movies. The stories are usually all similar: some hapless person witnesses a UFO, but before they can tell anyone, they're visited by mysterious men dressed in black who intimidate and threaten them into silence. Some claim these men in black belong to a secret branch of the government or some kind of shadow organization. Others say the men in black are aliens themselves. Whatever they are, it's clear that Muscatine is rife with 'em, and even the local police have taken note.
"We take this seriously," the Muscatine County Sheriff's Office posted on Facebook. Which is good, because I sure don't. But what's an intrepid reporter to do on a boring Friday night but assemble a crack team of investigators (namely me and my friend Jason) and head down to Muscatine to see these men in black for ourselves. Thankfully, I took notes:
8:45 p.m., Route 22.
"So why would aliens pick Muscatine of all places?"
"If I had to guess? Office furniture."
"Hon DOES make a quality workstation. You think they need file cabinets for their spaceships?"
"Colonizing a planet has got to require a crazy amount of paperwork. They must have an abundance of clerical staff onboard."
"But you're presuming these aliens take humanoid form. What if they're a race of gelatinous blobs?"
"Then they'll definitely need someplace to put their pens."
"I can't argue with that logic."
9:04 p.m., Route 22.
We have yet to see any Men In Black, though we HAVE encountered several Deer In Brown. None seem especially alien in nature, but I can attest they're equally terrifying to encounter by the side of the road.
9:15 p.m., Route 22.
"You know who I feel sorry for right now?"
"Dapper businessmen with car trouble."
"Imagine trying to hitch a ride and instead everyone just screams and calls you an alien."
"Welcome to Trump's America."
9:25 p.m., Muscatine.
We just passed a cop with a radar gun. Happily, we weren't speeding. When a police officer asks what you're doing twenty-five miles away from home in the pitch middle of the night, you probably shouldn't lead with "looking for aliens."
9:32 p.m., Muscatine.
It must be noted that Muscatine mayor Diana Broderson has no comment on the men in black sightings. To be fair, this might be because I never asked her for one. Still, her silence speaks volumes.
9:40 p.m., Muscatine.
Perhaps Muscatine has a long-standing relationship with alien visitors and we need to look deeper to spot any anomalies. Jason decides to see if he can re-arrange the letters in "MUSCATINE" to reveal a clue. After several minutes, the best we can muster is "INSEAM CUT" or "MAN CUTIES." More research may be required.
10:04 p.m., Muscatine.
I know it's a bad stereotype, but it's true: We stop for gas to find no fewer than SIX Muscatine County officers inside buying doughnuts. I ask them if they'd had any MiB sightings this weekend. They roll their eyes at me with a look that suggests we're not the first to ask this question tonight. "No," one sternly responds. "What's the deal with these sightings?" I press on. "Is it just kids playing a dumb prank?" "I HAVE NO IDEA," says the officer in a tone that clearly indicates our conversation is over.
10:20 p.m., downtown.
No MiB to report, but we DID notice that Muscatine's bridge over the Mississippi now has a colorful light show in the evenings. Or perhaps it's a series of coded signals to the alien mothership. We drive to the scenic overlook for a closer look and quickly discover we're not the only ones assessing the bridge for possible alien communications. Our car, however, is the only one NOT fogged up and bouncing, so we decide to back away slowly.
In the end, our search was fruitless, and no bogeypeople jumped out at us as we drove around. Perhaps the men in black have moved on to greener pastures. I'm going to assume that they caught wind of my investigative prowess and buggered off. Or maybe that's what They want us to believe, whoever "They" are. Of course, most good conspiracy theorists also presume some sort of sinister bias on the part of the media, too. So if you believe in MiB, you probably DON'T believe anything I have to say. I could be one of Them. Heck, I could be an alien. (I'm certainly looking more and more like a gelatinous blob these days.)
I promise you, though, I'm NOT a Man in Black -- I don't even OWN a suit. But if any of you aliens ever need a Man in Ill-Fitting Khakis, I can probably make some time.
1 comment:
Zem Karlos said...
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Ways To Decided Which Kind Of Coffee Is Right For You
Coffee is one of the most popular morning drinks in the world, with tens of millions of people drinking it each day. People enjoy cup after cup of this rich and flavorful drink. Brewing great coffee requires know-how. You can find out how to make the perfect up if you use the tips here.
Going to ground: how used coffee beans can help your garden and your health
Protect the beans if you want to buy coffee in bulk. When fresh beans are exposed to heat or light, they lose some of their own flavor. Make sure you store your coffee beans in a dark, airtight container.
When brewing your coffee, use bottled or filtered water. Doing so, you will obtain maximum flavor for your brew. However, chocolate on paleo diet do not want to use water that is too soft. The flavor will not be extracted as well. Look for a nice balance. Compare the flavor of your coffee with different brands or types of water.
Do you need some change in your coffee drinking routine? Try adding a little chocolate. This will give you some extra energy, and you’ll surely enjoy the taste. Use dark chocolate for more energy.
You do not need to tip the barista at a coffee shop the same percentage as you do a waitress or a hairdresser. Your hairdresser has to understand precisely what you want and then do it, and a waitress has multiple tables to keep up with exactly everyone’s order. Your barista mixes up one cup at a time, so do not feel guilty for tipping him or her less. Still, do throw capresso 455 manual in the tip jar frequently.
It is not necessary to stick with a single type of coffee. Try out different blends when you go to the store. Buy several kinds at a time. You can store them in your freezer to keep them fresh.
Buy new coffee beans every two weeks. Once you open coffee beans, they usually don’t have a set expiration date. You can seal them in airtight containers to keep them fresh longer. You will, however, likely find that the quality of the taste starts to fade a bit after two weeks.
You don’t have to waste money on fancy coffees. Unless you’re really picky, it’s unlikely that you’ll notice a great difference between blends of coffee. Often, the plainest coffees will be the ones you enjoy most. There is nothing wrong with buying cheap coffee if it satisfies your coffee needs.
Be sure to add cold water to your coffee machine when starting a new pot. Avoid using hot water in this type of machine. Water is usually heated during the brewing process, which can lead to burning. Brewing coffee with hot water is sure to result in burnt grounds. This will make your coffee taste bad and may also be a burn hazard.
If you need a way to get moving and out the door to your job, coffee is an effective energy drink. Most people have more than one cup, but others are happy with just one. Whether you add sugar and creamer, or drink it black, coffee tastes great if it is fresh brewed.
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look up any word, like pussy:
Any person that illegaly races on the street(most likely with a rice burner and gets owned by the muscles) and tends to pile up the huge traffic tickets followed by high insurance.
The street racer ended his night of racing early with the arival of the cop and the huge traffic fine.
by Pool'Eh March 10, 2004
1. A person who partakes in illegal street racing.
2. A car that has been modified for illegal street racing (not the same as a ricer).
1. Ryan is a street racer.
2. Check out that silver street racer!
by GameboyRMH December 12, 2004
Young Person (17-30+) that's takes street racing very passionately. usually grew up playing with toy cars and had their first job with the sole purpose of buying a fast car.
they spend a great deal of time and money working on their cars, investing in all sorts of preformance mods and body work for their cars. they adore movies such as the fast and the furious series and take great pride in their lifestyle and cars.
they live for the night, where most of the illegal streetracing takes place. they are wide awake at midnight and can go on racing till sunrise. they can be from a great diversity of ethnicities and lifestyles. but they mostly are night people who love extreme thrills and party.
they dress in a very young style. wearing shirts with racing brands such as sparco,momo,streetglow etc.
"hey, look that guy is a Street Racer , he drives a tuned up toyota supra, wears sparco shirts and is always out at night"
by phethesk8 August 21, 2008
by TheChavHater July 17, 2010
A StreetRacer/StreetRacers are awesome Japanese cars that go fast,have very useful parts on them,some have bodykits,spoilers that provide downforce at highspeeds unlike the
(rice/ricer)<----see definition for more info.Japanese cars are awesome,fast and very reliable.
Thats a Sick Streetracer prelude you have there sir! Nice ride!
A StreetRacer is not a Rice,Rice is different,see (rice/ricer)<------for more information.rice can be a bad thing rice can be a good thing.Streetracers are better then rice.Streetracers have useful parts on them,rice/ricers dont.(rice/ricer)<-----go to definition for more info.
by dan July 11, 2004
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Grade Level 2
Vocabulary Words:
Health - reading a story about smoking and addiction
Art - Poster to Say No!
Citizenship - discussion on alternatives to smoking
1. Give each child one piece of popcorn. Let them eat one piece. When they ask for more tell them they are only going to get that one piece to eat.
2. After children begin to ask for more, begin a discussion how sometimes there are things a person needs but they really are things they want. Discuss the difference between wants and needs.
3. Talk about how people may want things that are not good for them. But they think they need them. This is called an addiction.
4. Tell them that today they will hear a story about a little boy that learns about something that is not good for him.
5. Set purpose for reading as "Listen to the story and think about what you would do if someone asked you to try smoking."
During Reading:
1. Read pages 1 thru 4. What do you know about cigarettes and how they make you sick?
2. Read pages 5 thru 8. Tell what an addiction is. What are some other things that are addictive?
3. Read pages 9 thru 10. Has anyone ever tempted you to smoke? What would you do?
4. Finish reading the story.
After Reading:
1. Use questions at the end of the story.
2. Ask students what was in the story that Jimmie could have done instead of smoking cigarettes.
3. Discuss exactly what you would say if someone tried to get you to try smoking.
4. Act out scenes where one student tries to persuade another to smoke. Emphasize that students need to be specific in giving reasons. What could smoking do to you? Then give a suggestion about what they could do instead.
5. Have students design their own poster sending the message to "say no" to smoking. This should include reasons not to as well as something to do instead.
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This is a dynamic conversation that is maturing and growing into having severe impact on a hotel’s livelihood. If a hotel is smart enough to be on the ball with social media, and understand the nature of this constructive communication – it is hardly their fault that a guest reviewer doesn’t understand that.
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The architects and operators of America's picture palaces inscribed their buildings with democratic, national purpose in an attempt to bolster the industry's image and to attract customers. This display began with the buildings' exteriors and lobbies.
A statue of a sphinx bearing the head of George Washington sat in the lobby of Grauman's Metropolitan Theater, built in 1923 in Los Angeles. The inscription on the statue read: "You cannot speak to us, O George Washington, but you can speak to God. Ask Him to make us good American citizens."(1) Cleveland's Loew's State lobby drew attention for a mural by James Daugherty titled "The Spirit of Cinema." A local paper described it as follows: "The spirit of cinema appears in the American tableau. Here the modern vamp supplants Helen of Troy; jazz drowns the pipes of Pan; an auto supercedes the chariot; a flying machine outruns Pegasus; towering skyscrapers overtop the temple-crowned Acropolis;...the Boy Scout takes the place of the shepherd boy...the composition is rush hour."(2) Daugherty and others were making claims about American motion pictures reminiscent of Emerson and Whitman nearly a century earlier: namely, that America required a truly indigenous art form and that in that art, she could surpass anything Europe had ever produced.
Daugherty's claims are odd, however, when one considers the architecture of the movie palaces. Most palaces, particularly in their exteriors and lobbies, made express reference to European architectural forms and European aristocracy. Although theater architect George Rapp called the movie palace a "shrine to democracy, where wealthy rub elbows with the poor," his was a vision of democracy which prized aristocracy.(3) Thus, 'homegrown' notions about native architectural and artistic forms did battle with claims to legitimacy and dazzling displays of wealth rooted in Old World conceptions of abundance and legitimacy. This confusion is perfectly embodied in Chicago's Southtown Theater. Rapp and Rapp designed the theater in 1931 as an enclosed Italian garden; the lobby, however, features murals and dioramas of significant moments in Chicago history, including the fire of 1871, the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition, and the stockyards.
San Francisco's Fox Theater, built in 1929, housed a lobby that was a temple to European high culture and aristocracy. In a practice reminiscent of America's robber barons furnishing their homes, William Fox's wife Eve Leo toured Europe and shipped home various objets d'art, furniture, and architectural embellishments to be displayed in the theater lobby. Built and decorated by European craftsmen, the lobby featured throne chairs, statuary, and a pair of vases once owned by the royal family of Russia. Thomas Lamb designed the lobby's picture gallery to be an exact duplicate of a chapel in Versailles.
Many theater exteriors and interiors were designed as replicas of Old World churches, monuments, and palaces. La Salle de Spectacle, the opera house at Versailles, served as the model for the Ringling Theater, constructed in Baraboo, Wisconsin in 1915. The frieze in the theater lobby is a copy, at 1/3 scale, of the frieze decorating the choir gallery in the cathedral in Florence.
Theater designers mixed European styles to create an overall lavish display of wealth. They were joined in this practice by the designers and decorators of department stores, hotels, and other 'people's palaces' of the period. The connection between these public spaces and the theaters was closer than most histories of the theaters suggest: sometimes, theater ornamentation came secondhand from the other 'people's palaces,' as when the decorators of the Capitol Theater bought three crystal chandeliers from Sherry's, a tony restaurant on 5th Avenue undergoing renovation. Miles Orvell described how private homes of that era employed the same blending of architectural styles in the service of conspicuous consumption: "Looking for status, middle class Americans tried to reproduce in their homes the trappings of a generic aristocracy, objects rich in narrative signs suggesting allegorical fantasy and far-off places."(4)
Theater lobbies promised admission not only to a motion picture, but also to the same 'generic aristocracy' Orvell described. At the Roxy Theater in New York, up to 4,000 patrons at a time could comfortably fill the lobby and foyers to marvel at the five story marble columns and the largest oval rug in the world. Samuel "Roxy" Rothapfel christened this room the "Grand Rotunda" and fired any usher who referred to it as a mere 'lobby.' Since the box office was a separate unit housed under the marquee on the street, customers could easily forget the commercial function of the theater upon entering the lobby and believe themselves members of a class comfortably at home in palatial surroundings. Commercialization of the lobby didn't occur until the Depression, when concessions stands, accounting for 45% of theater profits, became necessary fixtures in movie palaces.
Palace Tour: The Royal Treatment
1 qtd. in David Naylor, American Picture Palaces: The Architecture of Fantasy, 83.
2 qtd. in Naylor, 13.
3 qtd. in Naylor, 31.
4 Miles Orvell, The Real Thing, 48.
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The community of 265 residents is located northeast of Regina on the 364 Highway. It is only 25 minutes from the east side of the city, making it an ideal location to enjoy all the serenity and comforts of small town living, but still having the close proximity to Regina.
Edenwold, a hidden treasure, is a quiet community with a strong volunteer base. This has been the success of the Village for many years. Surpassing 100 years, the community continues to thrive.
Take a drive and see the new development and stop by the Village office, 128 Chamberlain Street, during normal business hours for more information.
Lates tNews
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| 816
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Alameda Central
Get Alameda Central essential facts below. View Videos or join the Alameda Central discussion. Add Alameda Central to your PopFlock.com topic list for future reference or share this resource on social media.
Alameda Central
Alameda Central is a public urban park in downtown Mexico City. Created in 1592, the Alameda Central is the oldest public park in the Americas.[1][2] It is located in Cuauhtémoc borough, adjacent to the Palacio de Bellas Artes, between Juarez Avenue and Hidalgo Avenue.
The Alameda Central park is a green garden with paved paths and decorative fountains and statues, and is frequently the center of civic events. The area used to be an Aztec marketplace. On 11 January 1592, Viceroy Luis de Velasco II ordered the creation of a public green space for the city's residents.[3] The name comes from the Spanish word álamo, which means poplar tree, that were planted here.[4] This park was part of the viceroy's plan to develop what was, at that time, the western edge of the city. It has become a symbol of a traditional Mexican park and many other parks in the country take on the name "Alameda" as well.[5]
Fountains and statues in the park include:
The Alameda Central in 1848
The original park was less than half the size of the current one, reaching only from where the Palacio de Bellas Artes is now to the location of the Hemiciclo de Juárez. What is now the western section of the park originally was a plain plaza built during the Inquisition in Mexico and known as El Quemadero or The Burning Place. Here witches and others convicted by the Inquisitors were publicly burned at the stake. By the 1760s, the Inquisition had nearly come to an end and in 1770, viceroy Marqués de Croix had this plaza torn up to expand the park. The park was expanded again in 1791, when the Count of Revillagigedo built a wooden fence around the park to make it exclusive for the nobility. However, when Mexican Independence was won in 1821, the Alameda was the center of popular celebrations. In 1846, when President Santa Anna rode triumphantly into Mexico City, he ordered the fountains in the park be filled with alcohol.[5]
The five classical fountains are of French design and inspired by Greco-Roman mythology. More statues were added to the park in the 19th century. Gas lamps were installed in 1868, which were replaced by electrical lighting 1892. By the end of the 19th century, the park had become popular with all social classes in Mexico. Much of the current layout of the park, with its starburst pattern of paths around fountains and the central kiosk dates from the late 19th and early 20th centuries.[5]
The park's statues include Désespoire and Malgré Tout, by Jesús Fructuoso Contreras, and a monument donated by the German community which is dedicated to Beethoven in commemoration of the centenary of his 9th Symphony.[6]
In 2012, the park went through a rehabilitation which began in May and was completed in December. The renewal included replacing the damaged pavement with marble, the improvement of the vegetation (including the planting of new trees), new light posts, and improvement of existing park features (e.g. benches and the fountains).[7] As part of the rehabilitation, the once ubiquitous street vendors are no longer allowed to operate within the park.[8]
Alameda Central can be accessed by Metro Bellas Artes.
3. ^ "Cumplirá la Alameda Central 413 años". archivo.eluniversal.com.mx (in Spanish). El Universal. 10 January 2005.
4. ^ a b Noble, John (2000). Lonely Planet Mexico City. Oakland CA: Lonely Planet. ISBN 1-86450-087-5.
5. ^ a b c Humphrey, Chris (2005). Moon Handbooks Mexico City. Emeryville, CA: Avalon Travel Publishing. pp. 46-47. ISBN 1-56691-612-7.
6. ^ Pohlsander, Hans A. (2010). German Monuments in the Americas: Bonds Across the Atlantic. Peter Lang. p. 133. ISBN 3034301383. Retrieved 2015.
7. ^ "Rehabilitación de la Alameda Central y su Entorno". obrasenmiciudad.df.gob.mx. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved 2014.
8. ^ "Ambulantes no volverán a la Alameda Central: Ebrard". Azteca Noticias. Retrieved 2015.
External links
Music Scenes
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StarCraft Wiki
Shockwave inducer
Redirected from Shockwave Inducer
5,496pages on
this wiki
Alt-SE Cover1
A shockwave inducer is a powerful and ancient protoss weapon, most likely pre-dating the Aeon of Strife. When activated, the inducer 'melds' with its user, dark liquid metal covering the torso and left arm. It changes shape every few second, with lights akin to stars flashing from the depths of the liquid. It has only been observed used by a protoss.
In addition to giving the user the ability to cast psionic shockwaves (hence the name), the inducer also carries a personality program, the function of which is to make the user more confident, bloodthirsty, etc. The nature of the user's personality will seemingly determine the extent of this however (eg. an egocentric individual will become more delusional, believing himself to be a god for instance, than a modest person). This program is so refined that the device basically has a personality of its own (practically a form of artificial intelligence). The user's resilience to attack is also strengthened by the device.
Should the inducer take enough damage, it will drip off the user, form seven puddles of liquid metal, each solidifying into a separate piece ready for re-assembly. This process is traumatic for the user however, and will render him/her in a coma.
An inducer was discovered at the protoss Dylar Ruins. It was used by the Dark Templar Miratix, but he was eventually defeated by the Alliance forces he attacked.
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The people’s news - of the people, by the people, for the people. Call it what you will - street journalism is the “new black” of information in the digital age. Also known as citizen journalism, and typically disseminated in an online format, it is mobile, real time, and pays mind to you. Florida-based news site is proof of that.
Five years ago five guys had an idea. There wasn’t a public news forum in Jacksonville that focused on the city’s urban core. And importantly, there was no outlet to voice opinions on pressing issues facing the structure and function of the city. Enter The news outlet is now a respected resource for all things new urbanism.
What’s even more impressive, is that remains a side project. Most of the group members still hold day jobs, yet find time to run the site - and run it well. Ennis Davis, architect and civic activist; Daniel Herbin, CSX rail tech guru; Stephen Dare, cultural brainchild; Steve Congro, software innovator; and Bob Mann, old transportation soul, joined recently by a marketing head and a savvy intern, work to cover issues stretching from Jacksonville’s center to the beachside.
The website is a cohesive assembly of discussion boards, news articles, and press releases covering all manner of happenings in Jacksonville. Content runs the gamut from profiles of local organizations and the latest on dining and nightlife to pieces that look specifically at what Jacksonville might learn from other cities. A new article is posted each weekday while the forum rolls continuously.
But what really makes it work, is, in essence, that the site generates itself. It doesn’t spit crime rhymes - the voluntary public post the grapevine news. It doesn’t sing the weather - people can look outside. It is a controversial, free-for-all opinion pot that welcomes vocal views. But it also reports objectively. It is reinventing what a local news source is - what it can be and what it can do. The importance of community discussion among a diverse public with a common home is unmatched. With 3,000 members, they invite everyone to sign-up for free and start talking.
The Metrojacksonville crew has played a role in remapping a new convention center, and their ideas are heard by city power players, elbow to elbow at the dining table. They are a part of Mayor Alvin Brown’s transportation and downtown committees. They offer affordable fixes for downtown, identify vibrancy killers, and tote a utopian orb in the palms of their hands. The vision is to improve the vitality and quality of life in downtown through creative, innovative, attainable, and sustainable solutions.
And beyond the news reel, Metrojacksonville also hosts monthly pub crawls and puts on special events downtown, shuttling patrons via trolley to expose and promote local businesses.
The accumulation of common desires among a group of urban core planners to make innovative revitalization concepts a reality - to transform Jacksonville - is what ambition looks like.
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
Suppose you have a JTable and for each cell you want to display three strings with different color, say value1 (red), value2 (blue), value3 (green).
I overrode the getTableCellRendererComponent of DefaultTableCellRenderer but setForeground(Color) method gives an unique color for all the string showed in the cell.
public Component getTableCellRendererComponent(JTable table, Object value,
boolean isSelected, boolean hasFocus, int row, int column) {
String s = table.getModel().getValueAt(row,column).toString();
StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(s," ");
int nToken=st.countTokens();
// so now all the values are blue...
return super.getTableCellRendererComponent(table, value, isSelected,
hasFocus, row, column);
share|improve this question
2 Answers 2
up vote 2 down vote accepted
The default renderer for a cell table is a JLabel. This component supports HTML tags. The easiest solution you can have is to use HTML to render the Strings with different colours. So you can build a String such as:
<html><font color="blue">A String</font><font color="red">Another String</font></html>
And set it to the cell, and you don't have to worry about the renderer.
Most swing components allow you to use HTML, this is not only limited to tables.
Another possibility is that you create a class that extends from JComponent, and program paintComponent() so it draws these three strings in different colors. Then you can set this component as the renderer. But this is way more complicated. Because the renderer works like a "stamp", it will stamp the right colors when the cells are drawn. This is useful if your needs are to, for example, draw extremely complex and custom graphics on a cell.
I would stick with using HTML if you don't have a humongous amount of cells.
share|improve this answer
HTML components in tables gets very slow very quickly. You can cache the components, but that gets tricky in anything other than some special cases. – Tom Hawtin - tackline May 13 '09 at 15:02
The alternative, though, writing your own JComponent, is fast. But tricky to get it right – Mario Ortegón May 13 '09 at 15:03
JIDE provides a StyledLabel as part of their open source Common Layer, which is exactly what you want and 10x easier than implementing anything on your own.
alt text
share|improve this answer
Your Answer
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http://stackoverflow.com/questions/858267/multiple-strings-colored-in-different-way-into-the-same-cell-of-a-jtable
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Friday, November 27, 2009
Body Image in Little Girls
Body image seems like an appropriate topic to me, while I'm writing about Helen, the most beautiful of all women in mythology. Apparently a new study shows that an alarming number of girls between the ages of 3 and 6 are worried about being fat-- 49% seem to worry either sometimes, or almost always.
Forty-nine percent seems like kind of an alarming statistic to me. But there's a silver lining, I guess. Those feelings of concern about being fat, and body image, AREN'T influenced by animated movies like Cinderella or Beauty and the Beast, with the idealized princess beauty and the tiny waists.
So what does all this mean? I think it tells us something we are already well aware of--children are more than capable of differentiating between real and imaginary. They can look at animated drawings and renderings and say "that isn't what people look like." This brings us right back to the old argument over Barbie dolls, too. Barbie has unrealistic proportions. If Barbie were a real person, she wouldn't be able to walk. But what if that very unrealistic image is the reason that children have no trouble playing with those dolls? The proportions are so obviously wrong that it divorces the doll from reality altogether-- just like Belle's overly large eyes, tiny waist, and animation (to say nothing of the monstrous beast she's held prisoner by) keep her from becoming an example of what a girl should look like.
Media representation of the ideal is of course still an issue. Women who are as thin as models make up an extraordinarily low percentage of people on the earth-- but because we see them everywhere on television and in magazines, we're tricked into believing that it's more "normal." The problem with models, is that they're people. Real live, breathing people, not imaginary princesses or obscenely busty dolls. But it isn't just the media that's perpetuating this myth of idealized beauty and the compulsion to change to fit it. All you have to do is walk into any woman's bathroom at home to see the cosmetics lining the shelves, or take a walk through your favorite drug store to see all the many products that women bring home. Adult women. Mothers of impressionable children. And don't get me started on tanning...
We buy pounds and pounds of makeup and gallons of hair dye to make ourselves "pretty enough." To feel better about our body image. And if you think that kids aren't watching that, aren't witnessing that, aren't paying attention to every comment their mother, sister, cousin, aunt, or grandmother is making about how they don't like the way they look, or how they wish they were skinnier, then we're deluding ourselves.
So what do I think about this body image study? And the results? I think it's less about the cartoons and more about real life. And good body image for children starts with Mom, and Big Sis, not with the imaginary characters in animated cartoons, or the totally fake-looking Barbie dolls.
As for Helen, I suspect that after Leda's rape by Zeus, she heard all about the burden of being beautiful from her mother--and how she needed to be careful not to attract the notice of men. Helen probably wished she could do away with her beauty altogether, to avoid the troubles that would come with it. So that perhaps just one man would look at her as more than just a pretty face. I expect that men wouldn't be held responsible for what her beauty drove them to.
And on that note-- a new pair of letters between Meneleus and Helen are up on GeekaChicas for your reading pleasure!
Wednesday, November 25, 2009
New Letters!
Head over to GeekaChicas for the next installment of the Not-Yet-Of Troy letters! A set between Theseus and Pirithous.
Pirithous kind of strikes me as the friend that always kind of gets you into trouble, or comes up with the harebrained schemes and expects you to go along with it. I think his heart was in the right place, but maybe he was kind of an adrenaline junky, or at the least, loved to take a little bit of risk. Like, if there wasn't some risk, or some terrible way it could go wrong, it wasn't worth doing.
Happy day before Thanksgiving!
Monday, November 23, 2009
Unstoppable Bonus Content Through Thanksgiving!
I'm spending this week with my family in upstate New York, so my posts are going to be kind of brief.
I haven't quite wrapped up Helen yet, which is driving me a little bit crazy. I was hoping to have it finished yesterday, before I hit the road to travel, or at worst, in the car on the way up, but it didn't happen. What I DID finish up, was writing the letters for the Not-Yet-Of Troy series on GeekaChicas. Even though it's Thanksgiving in the USofA, GeekaChicas is going strong all week with Monday, Wednesday, and Friday posts of my series!
Today you can read Theseus's response to Helen. And I urge you to go check out the previous letters if you haven't already. They're all linked to in the post on GeekaChicas for ease of access, and each one comes with some historical background. Or writerly background, in this case, as I discuss the challenges of writing from the outline of a well documented myth.
On Wednesday, there will be a pair of letters between Theseus and Pirithous, and Friday will bring a set between Helen and Meneleus. The series will wrap up on Monday next week, the last day of November, while National Novel Writing Month participants scrambled to get their last words in and their novel validated for the win.. If you're waiting for the series to finish before you dive in, I'll be recapping all the links on December 1 on this blog.
Happy Monday!
Friday, November 20, 2009
Elephant Vengeance
A new Not-Yet-Of Troy post is up over on GeekaChicas! A Letter from Helen to Theseus, for your entertainment! Now, on to the science!
This article is old, but I think striking all the same. There's a theory, apparently, that African Elephants may be seeking revenge against humanity for the murder of their fellows.
The thing is, it's so rare that we attribute these serious emotions to animals. Usually we reserve that sort of thing for chimps and other great apes, alone. Elephants are one of the exceptions where there has been enough evidence of seemingly bizarre and uncalled for behavior, that we look at them and actually find ourselves wondering if they're driven by emotion more than just instinct. There are plenty of anecdotal stories about elephants in captivity becoming depressed and despondent when one of their "friends" is relocated to another zoo, or elephants in circuses going on rampages against their trainer for the abuse they've been subjected to over a lifetime. A program on the discovery channel even went so far as to suggest that African elephants Grieve for their dead, pausing as they journey on their annual migrations and lingering at places where a member of the herd had died in a previous year.
Personally, I have no trouble believing that animals are experiencing emotions-- and not just the animals who show these behaviors, like elephants that seem so human in nature. Grief. Revenge. Mourning. There's plenty of anecdotal evidence for domestic animals too. My husband's dog, while he was in college, would often mope around his parents' house for days after he returned to school, unwilling to even eat. And the dog was always thrilled to see him when he arrived home after months away. As a child I had a cat that would wait for me to walk home from school, meeting me on the street corner at the appropriate time if she had been let out of the house, or else sitting in the window watching me approach the house. And I distinctly remember once my cat disappearing for three days, but when she finally showed up at our front door again, I was given an overwhelming impression of her own joy to see me again when she didn't even feed herself before jumping all over my lap, demanding I pet her and sit with her.
Tuesday, November 17, 2009
The Essential Thor (no footnotes, just gut.)
I've been working with the character of Thor, the Norse god of thunder and lightning, for years. Years of research and reading and false starts and conversations in the dark with the ceiling that resulted in terrible stories and drafts while I struggled to pinpoint what was there. Years of trying to understand what was at the heart of this god, who was so loved by his people, honored even in many ways above Odin the All-Father. Loved so much, even now, that he was re-imagined and transported into the medium of the comic book for the modern world. Thor, who we will soon be over-saturated by, in the quest for world domination and movie marketing schemes. Hollywood always knows how to run a good man into the ground. But for myself, I'm hoping they do him justice, because after years of trying to find the answer of this god's character, this god's essence, this god's spirit within the scraps of mythology we're given, he became my most favorite of all mythological heroes. (Theseus may be coming in at a close second, but don't tell Thor. He'll start going on about how Theseus is "unworthy".)
I think that there was a very good reason that Thor was the preferred god of the everyman, and I don't think that it was because he was stupid, or because he was always getting into brawls and slaughtering giants, or because he was often drunk on mead and loved to feast with the best of us. I don't even think it was because he cross-dressed, although Mimzy tells that story better than I've ever heard it before. I think the reason Thor was so beloved was because he always helped his people. Thor was the god that could be depended on, no matter what had happened, to go out and do what had to be done-- whether that was beating down on Loki, or killing off giants, or drinking a ton of mead, or dressing up as a woman. Thor was intensely loyal, unwavering, and good.
That's not to say he couldn't be led off track every so often. Loki makes this perfectly clear in all the stories where they travel together to accomplish some task, or just for the sake of getting out and about. Perhaps Thor is trusting to a fault. Certainly he doesn't seem to take to deception very easily when he's forced to employ its arts. He's not at all like Loki in that way. He'd much rather bust down the door and employ a frontal assault, even if he can't win. And that in itself is something admirable, too-- it's one of the things that I have always respected in those people who also share that characteristic. The people who throw their punches and then shake it off, and buy one another a drink afterwards.
Monday, November 16, 2009
Icelandic Language Day!
Here's a quick lesson:
Spread the news! Make it happen!
Learn Icelandic!
Sunday, November 15, 2009
More Bonus Content
In case you're anxiously anticipating, the latest installment of the Not-Yet-Of Troy series is up and awaiting your pleasure to read it! If you're not caught up, links to the other two letters are in that post as well. I'm just that thoughtful.
This is a pair of letters, written between Theseus, King of Athens (oh, Theseus. What will we do with you?), and King Tyndareus of Lacedaemon/Sparta and Helen's father.
As far as NaNoWriMo goes, I'm up to 65K, but I'm procrastinating because I know there is no happy ending, and I just feel bad for Helen and Theseus. My goal is to finish it up by Sunday, so it's all done before I head home for Thanksgiving with my family, otherwise I know I'm going to be sitting around staring at my laptop all week, cranky that people are interrupting me while I try to write. Wish me luck!
Friday, November 13, 2009
Fiction, Faith, and Mythology
Over on Gary Corby's blog, there have been some really good posts about religion in Classical Greece, and it's gotten me thinking again about where we draw the line between mythology and fiction, a discussion I've been wanting to begin here for a while.
The word Myth has some serious connotations of religious aspects, while at the same time carrying with it the implication of fiction. When you take a minute to consider the things we call myth, and consider to be mythology, you generally end up looking at religious stories of now defunct, or practically dead religions. Religions which, for one reason or another, are no longer recognized or state-sanctioned, though at one point they may have dominated in a particular region or area of the world. Myth is a politically correct way of calling the stories of an entire people, an entire faith, fiction. Myth is what we say when we're talking about gods, heroes, and faith traditions, that we have decided as a culture, as a race, as a country, as an individual, are invalid and utter hogwash. The things we don't believe in, but somebody else does.
Generally speaking, you don't see people going around accusing The Bible of being mythology-- although the reality of the situation is that it isn't any better or any worse than most of the other collections of stories and beliefs of religions that didn't survive the spread of Christianity. I guess in some ways the word Myth can be compared to the term Barbarian. Originally, Romans and Greeks used the term Barbarian to describe anything Other and outside of themselves. The Germanic tribes, for instance, were considered barbarians. Others. A group of people culturally different from themselves. Myth is what we call the beliefs and stories of those others in a parallel way. Our personal beliefs are not Myth, but Truth. Everyone else on the other hand... That's another story.
But here's the tricky part. Somewhere, somewhen, and to someone, those things we call myths were Truth. History. Fact. They were part of reality, woven into culture and religion and daily life. They were the real thing (whether they actually happened or not). They were The Bible of another race, another culture, another country, another person. So what exactly is the process which results in turning those Truths, yes, with a capital T, into Fiction? And, can it be argued that Fiction itself can become myth?
Monday, November 09, 2009
A new Not-Yet-Of Troy Letter! Et Cetera.
Hey guys! I thought you'd be interested in getting the heads up that the next letter in the series of Not-Yet-Of Troy posts for my book on Helen is up!
This letter is from Pollux, in response to Helen's previous warning and plea. Pollux is Helen's brother, and is often attributed as being a son of Zeus, born of the same Rape of Leda as Helen. Clytemnestra and Castor are usually considered to be the full sons of Tyndareus, without the same demi-god/immortal father aspect. I wonder if they had inferiority complexes...
The next letter will be between the Kings Tyndareus of Sparta/Lacedaemon, and Theseus of Athens. You'll be getting two, because they're rather shorter and much more formal in context, so keep an eye out for the link!
In other news, I just cruised by the 50K mark last night, but my goal is to finish the book-- so I'm still going to be writing and sticking with the less frequent posting over here for the month. Let me tell you, there will be a lot of revision work to come when I'm done!
I'm formulating some thoughts on Mythology and what constitutes "Source" for an upcoming post, but have been somewhat distracted by writing, and haven't put it together coherently yet. There have been a lot of challenges with this book that I didn't exactly anticipate, and will hopefully be able to discuss tomorrow.
Friday, November 06, 2009
Delusions and Hallucinations
NaNo Stats:
31872 / 50000 words. 64% done!
I'm not sure why I've come across so much on hallucinations and delusions lately on physorg, but I figured it was fitting to write a post up about it in honor of all of those people taking part in National Novel Writing Month. Especially for those who are going without sleep, and putting their mind and bodies through the grinder to pump out that 1,667 words on top of their already overfull schedule of working full time, parenting, and school. If you're feeling haunted by your characters, it's okay! Even "normal" people can start hallucinating extremely quickly, under the right circumstances!
Yesterday I linked briefly to a post discussing how children (mostly young girls) can sublimate imaginary friends into dear diary personalities, and then later, if they're writers, into the characters they write about (Abstract can be found here!). Basically, writers are expected to be nagged by their creations. Right now, I'd be more surprised if in the sleep-deprived-overly-stressed state that NaNoWriMo can sometimes subject us to, people weren't feeling haunted by their characters, even if it weren't relatively "normal."
The study I linked to above talks about how, placed in a sensory deprivation room, even people who aren't necessarily prone to hallucination may begin to experience them in as few as 15 minutes. And this is what they suspect:
One of the researchers, psychologist Oliver Mason, said the results of the experiment support the idea that hallucinations are produced through what the scientists call faulty source monitoring: the brain misidentifies the source of its own thoughts as arising from outside the body.
Personally I find it kind of interesting. It's another example, I think, of believing being more powerful than actuality. Of the brain having this incredible power of belief over its surroundings and the body. We know this is true, we see it every day, but we don't really give it the research and study it deserves, in my opinion. For example, WHY would our brains decide, in the absence of other stimuli, to believe that our own thoughts are external? What's the pathway that allows something like that?
Thursday, November 05, 2009
Imaginary Friends Are Not Just For Kids
If you're a writer and often find yourself talking with your characters, reassure yourselves!
It's okay, apparently 46 out of 50 of us do it, too!
Wednesday, November 04, 2009
Some Teaser Content
If you're interested, and even if you're not, I've released an original letter from Helen to her brother Pollux, unearthed after all these millennia from my brain, over at GeekaChicas!
These letters will be published periodically in honor of National Novel Writing Month and my Work-In-Progress about Helen's story and the Trojan War. I'll give you guys a post here to let you know when they go up. The next letter will be Pollux's response to Helen's plea.
Yes, I'm absolutely aware that letter writing is, technically speaking, not necessarily historically accurate for the time. (That was a lot of adverbs.) But if Ovid can do it, I figure in the interest of artistic license, fudging things a bit can't hurt.
Tuesday, November 03, 2009
A (slightly disorganized) Tale of Two Fathers
NaNoWriMo Wordcount Update:
15031 / 50000 words. 30% done!
Remember that show, My Two Dads?
Yeah, I don't really remember it either. But today I was surfing through Plutarch's Theseus, skimming for reference to the Helen abduction, and, yes, I'll admit it, reading Theseus's entry in Wikipedia, (in my defense I also read about him in Apollodorus) and I came across some things that hadn't fully sunk in before.
For instance: Theseus has two fathers. And he isn't the only Greek Hero suffering from a redundancy of dads.
To understand this, maybe I need to go into the philosophy a little bit. You see, back in the day, men in their infinite wisdom operated under the common misconception that women really weren't more than just an oven. The sperm did all the work of making a baby, and the wife contributed little if nothing at all to the resulting offspring, other than providing the space for incubation. I'm pretty sure that I read this from an excerpt attributed to Aristotle in my Women in History course in college, but I can't promise it so don't quote me. Anyway, semen was the provider of all...well, they didn't really consider it genetic material then, so lets say, life-forming matter. As a result of this understanding (Aristotle did write before Apollodorus, who is a major source for Theseus, and certainly long before Plutarch and Ovid), if a woman had intercourse with two men in the same day, or the same night, the child born COULD be a mix of those two men--fathered by both.
We see the Dual-Dad syndrome in children born of the gods, pretty exclusively as far as I know, which is convenient because it relieves them of the burden of being illegitimate heirs. I have to admit, I'm not exactly sure what the lot of an illegitimate child was, but the fact that the children are labeled as such in works like The Iliad leads me to believe that they were probably not given the privileges of their legitimate brothers and sisters. Certainly Hera had no love for Zeus's bastard children, and legitimacy seems at the very least to be required of one who will inherit any kind of land, wealth, or kingdom.
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• Law & Order
China and the World Health Organization: Legal Accountability for the Spread of COVID-19
Written by Fatema Lightwala [i] and Yashvi Maru [ii]
[i] Second Year, B.L.S L.L.B. SVKM's Pravin Gandhi College of Law, Mumbai [ii] Second Year, B.L.S L.L.B. Government College of Law, Mumbai
Source: Twitter @WHO
Disclaimer: Please note that the views expressed below represent the opinions of the article's author. The following does not necessarily represent the views of Law & Order.
The world order is witnessing an unprecedented meltdown due to the rapid spread of the novel coronavirus. The virus has exacerbated pre-existing political tensions emerging from China's exponential rise as a global superpower strong enough to threaten the pre-existing hegemony of the United States. The virus has brought the world to a standstill, with most countries under a lockdown. Nations have witnessed a high rate of pandemic-induced deaths that have severely burdened their health care systems and weakened their economies. As of 15 July 2020, 582,672 have fallen victim to the virus with 13,520,403 globally infected. [1] Even the Great Powers of the world are unable to counter the blow inflicted on the virus, as they continue to stand on shaky ground. The world economy has plummeted, with a global loss to the tune of 8.8 trillion USD as estimated by the Asian Development Bank (Reuters, 2020). Such colossal loss of life and capital raises one pertinent question: who is to be held accountable for this pandemic?
Chronology of events
The first case of the novel coronavirus was officially confirmed on 8 December 2019, when a seafood merchant from a wet market in Wuhan, China fell sick and displayed symptoms of “pneumonia of an unknown cause (PTI, 2020). Reports, however, suggest that signs of the spread of the virus had come to light in November, but this information was suppressed by Chinese authorities. The government categorically denied the existence of a newly emerging strain of the virus and destroyed the initial samples of testing conducted, rendering it impossible to track the source of the virus.
China did not notify the World Health Organization (WHO) until a few weeks had elapsed, nor did it take prompt domestic measures to curb the initial spread of the disease.
In an attempt to silence the whistleblowers, the Communist Party of China (CPC)threatened Dr. Li Wenliang, who provided the first alert on the development of the virus with legal consequences (Su, 2020). Eight other doctors were muzzled from issuing warnings (Griffiths, 2020). The State carried out extensive press censorship to downplay the number of infections, while simultaneously discouraging Chinese citizens to talk about the Wuhan virus on social media thereby limiting the information available in the public domain. The Chinese Government changed its narrative time and again to save its political reputation globally.
In early January, despite the spread of the virus throughout Wuhan, the WHO did “not recommend any specific health measures for travelers to and from Wuhan (World Health Organisation, 2020). It also advised nations against the application of any travel or trade restrictions on China so as to not hurt the trade ambitions of China. By mid-January, the virus had traversed across Thailand, South Korea, Vietnam among others, way before it lingered in the cities of Shanghai and Hong Kong. China had effectively curtailed domestic travel, while international travel remained operational, letting 5 million passengers go through unscreened (Pinghui, 2020). was only on 23 January 2020 that Wuhan, the epicenter of the virus, was put under a state-imposed lockdown.
On 14 January 2020, the WHO denied the possibility of human-to-human transmission despite mounting evidence, while simultaneously snubbing the Taiwanese government-issued government-issued warning from 31 December 2019 (Givas, 2020). After causing a gross delay of 7 weeks, on 30 January 2020, the WHO finally decided to declare the novel coronavirus a ‘public health emergency’, after negligently letting the virus spread across 25 countries, confirming more than 120 cases outside the borders of China. Yet again, WHO heavily condemned any travel restrictions enforced against China by several countries like India, Australia, and the United States. The international body criticized the restrictions by stating that they would arouse "unnecessary fear and stigma, with limited benefits to public health."
The month of February witnessed an upsurge of cases throughout Europe and the Middle East, with the number of infections surpassing 82,000 globally. Even at this point, no social distancing norms were advised by the apex international health agency.
It was only after a month on 11 March 2020, that the WHO broke its silence and declared COVID-19 to be a global pandemic. However, by then the virus had already found its way into the most remote corners of the world — putting an end to 4000 lives and leaving 1,18,000 infected (Sharma, 2020).
Legal implications
The People's Republic of China, a signatory to the WHO's International Health Regulations (IHR) 2005, was obligated under Article 6 of the IHR to notify the WHO within 24 hours about any event likely to endanger international public health at large. Article 7 further requires signatories to disclose all relevant data concerning the health crisis to the body, on a continuous basis. China not only concealed information about the virus and the extent of its severity from the WHO and the world community but also compromised the status of health experts who wanted to alert the world about the virus hence, flagrantly violating Article 6 and 7 of the IHR. Article 11 in turn imposed responsibility upon the WHO to disseminate such information received by it to the other nations so that necessary measures could be taken by them at national and regional levels to mitigate the damage (World Health Organisation, 2005). The WHO in connivance with China withheld the extent of the outbreak acting in contravention to Article 11.
The ‘no-harm’ rule is a widely recognized principle of customary international law whereby a state is duty-bound to prevent, stop and redress significant transboundary harm to other States or their populations originating from or crossing their territory or any other area under their jurisdiction or control (Coco, Dias, 2020).
Various health experts have shown concern over China's "wildlife markets" wherein exotic animals such as porcupines, snakes, rats, etc. are butchered for sale. These animals are kept in cramped, unhygienic conditions like cages, where viruses spread easily through customers and vendors. Reports suggest that various infectious diseases seen in the past such as the SARS epidemic have also originated due to close contact between humans and wild animals (Maroon, 2002). The operation of such open wet markets created conditions conducive to the breakout of the novel coronavirus, that is transmitted to humans through bats The occurrence of the coronavirus disease has taken place in less than twenty years after the SARS epidemic of 2004. This clearly shows how China has failed to learn lessons from its own past. Nevertheless, these markets have been reopened with similar unsanitary conditions, under which similar virus outbreaks are inevitable. Thus, China violated the ‘no-harm’ principle by not establishing sufficient health standards, food regulation, public health, and safety norms, leading to the breakout of the virus.
The willful omissions on the part of China and the WHO turned the pandemic from a mere possibility to a reality. thus they should be made answerable before the International Court of Justice (ICJ). A clear case of malafide conduct has been made out making them accountable to pay for the injuries.
The question that lies before the Court is that of causal nexus which has been established in the case of Tehran hostages (1980) and Corfu Channel (1947). [2] The ICJ held that once it had been proved that the state had failed to avert the damage by not taking necessary measures, in violation of its duty, all the damages are ascribable to the state in their entirety unless they cause was too removed from the event. In both these cases, the perpetrators were held liable due to failure on their part to mitigate the damage.
The running of the wild wet markets under potentially hazardous conditions made China prone to the outbreak of the disease. It is, therefore, imperative for the ICJ to rule a judgment holding China and the WHO to pay reparations and set a precedent if the world is to be saved from the scourge of such future pandemics at the behest of a nation.
An alternative would be to impose heavy economic sanctions, tariffs, and trade embargos on China as a consequence of its negligence.
In fact, reports have suggested that Japan is already encouraging its companies to move their manufacturing units outside mainland China by providing stimulus packages to domestic businesses of amounts up to $2.2 billion (Gupta, 2020).
Additionally, countries need to formulate new long term and short term economic policies to tackle the anticipated changes in global supply chains post-COVID-19. They need to focus on reducing dependency on China, and in turn, create self-sufficient economies or rely on other trade-partners. This can be achieved by increasing employment and productivity, promoting the development of indigenous technologies, encouraging investments in domestic infrastructural projects, and improving research and development.
John Mill
China's opacity for the sake of saving its global reputation has led the world to suffer an enormous plight in terms of loss of lives, economic downfall, and mental agony. The blunders committed by the government, ranging from burying crucial information and intimidating the frontline doctors to delaying imposing a lockdown, have thwarted the efforts of other nations to curb the spread of the disease. Several questions have also been raised on WHO's credibility in discharging its duties as an international health agency, accusing the body of being overly sympathetic towards China and playing along with its malicious campaign.
However, the harsh truth remains that for now, the nations of the rely upon China and WHO for masks, antibody kits, and safety gears as well as routine updates on the global status of the pandemic. China is one of the largest exporters of medical supplies including drugs for Alzheimer's, HIV/AIDS, cancer as well as birth control pills. It is also the largest exporter of intermediary goods that help importing countries turn raw material into finished goods. If a vaccine is ever developed, China and the WHO will be vital players in its invention, production, distribution, and hence dependence on the two becomes inevitable. However, when the dust settles, nation-states should make sure that China faces suitable consequences, with the possibility of making appropriate reparations to the international community.
[1] Worldometers. https://www.worldometers.info/
[2] See Corfu Channel Case, (United Kingdom v Albania), Merits, [1949] ICJ Rep 4 https://www.icj-cij.org/files/case-related/1/001-19490409-JUD-01-00-EN.pdf
1. Coco Antonio. Dias, Talita de Souza (2020, March 24) Part I: Due Diligence and COVID-19: States’ Duties to Prevent and Halt the Coronavirus Outbreak. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW. https://www.ejiltalk.org/part-i-due-diligence-and-covid-19-states-duties-to-prevent-and-halt-the-coronavirus-outbreak/.
2. Givas, Nick (2020, March 20) WHO haunted by an old tweet saying China found no transmission of coronavirus. New York Post. https://nypost.com/2020/03/20/who-haunted-by-old-tweet-saying-china-found-no-human-transmission-of-coronavirus/.
3. Griffiths, James (2020, February 7) China's censors tried to control the narrative on a hero doctor's death. It backfired terribly. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/07/asia/china-doctor-death-censorship-intl-hnk/index.html.
4. Kaplan, Fred (2020, April 17) The China Problem. Slate. https://slate-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/slate.com/news-and-politics/2020/04/china-dependence-trade-coroanavirus.html
5. Lahmann, Henning (2020, May 7) Does China Really Owe the World Trillions of Dollars. LAWFARE. https://www.lawfareblog.com/does-china-really-owe-world-trillions-dollars.
6. Maron, Dina (2020, April 15) 'Wet markets' likely launched the coronavirus. NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2020/04/coronavirus-linked-to-chinese-wet-markets/.
7. Mathur, Somesh. Paul, Anusree (2020, June 2013) COVID-19 and India's trade dependency on China: should we continue our ties? The Economic Times. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/covid-19-and-indias-trade-dependency-on-china-should-we-continue-our-ties/articleshow/76351547.cms?from=mdr
8. Pinghu, Josephine Ma Zhuang (2020, January 26) 5 million left Wuhan before lockdown, 1000 new coronavirus cases expected in the city. South China Morning Post. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3047720/chinese-premier-li-keqiang-head-coronavirus-crisis-team-outbreak.
9. PTI (2020, June 13) Countries prod firms to reduce dependency on china but find few takers. Business Standard. https://wap-business--standard-com.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/wap.business-standard.com/article-amp/international/countries-prod-firms-to-reduce-dependence-on-china-but-find-few-takers.html
10. Reuters (2020, May 15) Coronavirus could inflict $8.8 trillion in global losses. The Economic Times. https://m.economictimes.com/news/international/business/coronavirus-could-inflict-8-8-trillion-in-global-losses-adb/articleshow/75749622.cms.
11. Sharma Mukesh (2020, March 21) How a global pandemic took shape, Hindustan Times. https://epaper.hindustantimes.com/Home/Index?htepaper=mobile&tstmp=1204202004&htepaper=mobile&tstmp=1204202004&eid=1&edate=21/03/2020&sedId=0
12. Su, Alice (2020, February 6) A doctor was arrested for warning China about the coronavirus. Then he died of it. Los Angeles Times. https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2020-02-06/coronavirus-china-xi-li-wenliang.
13. The United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran. (United States v Iran), [1980] ICJ Rep 3. https://www.icj-cij.org/en/case/64
14. World Health Organization (2020, January 12) Novel Coronavirus- China. World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/csr/don/12-january-2020-novel-coronavirus-china/en/
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Sometimes a fire is too dangerous for the fire department. Whether it's the risk of an explosion, work on a surface that could collapse, or the presence of hazardous chemicals, a firefighter is always vulnerable. Now, when conditions pose too great a risk for a human, we can enlist a tank. A robot tank. The Howe and… » 10/08/12 11:30am 10/08/12 11:30am
Rip Saw UGV Tank Fast as a Motorcycle, Yours For Only $200,000
First introduced in 2005, the Rip Saw is about to hit the market with a $200,000 price tag. The custom-built UGV can hit 0-60 in 3.5 seconds, go 80 mph, and can maneuver over any surface or terrain a tank can. And the video is pretty good; watch as it drives through a barn as if it were the cardboard box your handset… » 11/17/07 4:46pm 11/17/07 4:46pm
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No matter how committed you are to a healthy lifestyle, the holiday season always provides plenty of challenges to sticking to your goals.
The holiday binge is often inevitable. Temptation is literally at your fingertips and even the strongest of us find it difficult to say “no thanks” to those tasty morsels taunting us on the dinner table.
If you have thrown caution to the wind and given into temptation, all it takes is some smart eating and a little extra exercise to get your healthy-self back on track. Here are five top tips for bouncing back after a holiday binge.
Let it go
The guilt that plagues us following a binge can be more damaging than the actual overeating. Move on and just consider it a temporary setback. Ignore the scales and instead remember the holiday memories that have just been created. Don’t starve yourself as penance. This will only make your body store more fat. Regroup and focus on a balanced, healthy routine.
Goal setting
Gain back control by writing down your plan of attack for the following days, weeks and month. Plan your meals and increase your exercise. When you have written down clear goals, your mind starts to focus more on how to achieve those goals. Even the smallest of actions lead to big results.
Get moving
Exercise is often the first thing that falls to the wayside during the holiday season. Put aside time every day to exercise and after that first workout, you’ll start feeling more like you again. Try booking in a class at your local gym if you need to be held accountable. Better yet, invite a friend along. Research shows that the key to sticking with fitness is all about starting slowly and doing it with friends. It’s even easier if you start with something simple like an indoor cycling class.
Eat smart
Plan your meals and stick with it. Start the day with a protein packed breakfast and a green smoothie on the side. A good breakfast will keep you fuller for longer and help you eat less throughout the day.
It’s important to drink lots of water throughout the day (and every day for that matter). Water aids energy levels and brain function. Also, drinking water before meals (around two glasses) can help some people feel fuller and eat less during meals
1. Gottschall, J. , Jones, J. , Mills, J. and Hastings, B. (2013) Group fitness is effective in reducing cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy adults. Open Journal of Preventive Medicine, 3, 132-140.
2. Davy, B. M., Dennis, E. A., Dengo, A. L., Wilson, K. L., & Davy, K. P. (2008). Water consumption reduces energy intake at a breakfast meal in obese older adults. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 108(7), 1236-1239.(2015)
3. Walleghen, E. L., Orr, J. S., Gentile, C. L., & Davy, B. M. (2007). Pre‐meal Water Consumption Reduces Meal Energy Intake in Older but Not Younger Subjects. Obesity, 15(1), 93-99.
4. DDennis, E. A., Dengo, A. L., Comber, D. L., Flack, K. D., Savla, J., Davy, K. P., & Davy, B. M. (2010). Water Consumption Increases Weight Loss During a Hypocaloric Diet Intervention in Middle‐aged and Older Adults. Obesity, 18(2), 300-307.
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Monday, June 18, 2018
We Discuss: Santal 33, Olive Garden, and Hipster Mind Control
M: I just read this and have literal tears of laughter.
A: Dude. Santal 33.
M: You like??
A: Wait, what did you read?
M: Sorry, forgot the link.
A: Um, of course I like it. OF COURSE.
M: Hahahahaha
M: I bet money that Fred is like YOU SMELL AMAZING.
M: Men are reaaallly into it.
M: Men other than my husband.
A: It actually smells a bit like my Diptyque fig candle which makes zero sense.
M: That’s funny.
A: But yeah, it’s fucking dreamy dammit.
A: It dries down to this really subtle thing where it just smells like a better version of you.
M: Dude I know.
A: Lasagna wings with extra Italy!
M: There’s more Italy than necessary.
M: Secret soup!
A: I’m bad at pulling out individual notes, it just smells good.
A: Not the lasagna wings, the Santal 33.
M: Hahaha
A: Gluten Classico!
A: I’m mad that I like this perfume.
M: I told you!
A: I really wanted to not get the fuss.
M: Seven million hipsters can’t be wrong.
A: Yes, yes they CAN BE WRONG.
M: Unless it’s about Coachella.
A: But they’re right about this perfume.
M: Yup.
They are right about:
This perfume
They are wrong about:
Men wearing tank tops
A: Man buns.
M: I don’t mind a man bun.
A: I meant it for the first column.
M: Oh okay then yes they are right about man buns. And some beards BUT NOT ALL BEARDS.
A: Not neck beards!
A: They are wrong about Arcade Fire.
M: Sure.
A: Just trust.
M: They are right about jumpsuits and rompers. But they are wrong about denim underwear.
A: Wut.
M: Coochie cutters.
A: They are generally right about denim but yeah. No to that.
M: One way ticket to yeast infection town.
A: Dude.
M: Just saying.
A: On the fence re. rompers.
M: Your Britney needs to breathe.
M: I am fulllllly on board but more with jumpsuits than rompers only because they tend to be too short for me.
M: That’s us right there.
A: Me, anyway.
M: My mouth is full of secret soup.
A: Friend 4 says nothing.
A: But I paid $10 for a thimble of Santal and I’m not sure when I can afford my next fix.
M: I’m sorry man.
M: I tried to warn you.
A: I hope you’re happy, Ms. Canada.
M: Just one more person who smells like me! Eventually the mind control will kick in. I can only assume this perfume is actually made not by the French but the Russians.
A: Well, this is all starting to make sense.
M: I mean, it’s called THE LAB.
A: This is a Black Mirror episode.
M: That said did you know if you buy it in their shop they will put your name on the label???
M: 😍
M: So. Mind control schmind control.
A: There it is
1. You guys! Now I have to buy this goddamn perfume.
1. I KNOW I'M SORRY. It's all Marianne's fault.
2. Right? I can't stop thinking about it.
2. Welp, I've been Enabled. $30 for the "Discovery Box" from Le Labo. I BETTER HATE IT.
3. I love that shit and forked out for the actual non-sample size. Hive mind! Hive smell!
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January 31, 2010
The Registers - Descriptions and Sound Clips
In my way of looking at the voice, influenced by the work of Cornelius Reid, a register is the sound quality produced by the action of one of the two opposing groups of vocal muscles in the larynx. The cricothyroid muscles et al. generate the falsetto register, while the cricoarytenoid muscles et al. generate the chest register. (Some theorists posit the existence of more than two registers, but since here we are defining a register as being produced by a particular group of muscles, and since there are only two such groups in the larynx, only two registers can be said to exist. Other so-called registers are in reality sounds produced by differently coordinated interactions between the falsetto and chest registers.)
In their pure forms, the falsetto and chest registers encompass only a minimal range of notes each and exhibit unsubtle vocal qualities of limited use in legitimate singing. When you learn to combine them efficiently however, their complementary qualities enhance and support each other, making available to you sounds in a wider range of at least two octaves, loud or soft on any pitch, and with a large palette of tonal colors.
In order to get the two registers working together well, it is often first necessary to separate them out and independently refine the action of each. We do this by taking advantage of certain combinations of pitch, loudness, and vowel to elicit a particular register or registrational mixture. This posting will demonstrate and describe the characteristics of the falsetto, the chest register, and the integrated working of them both together.
The falsetto:
The “pure” falsetto, with no participation from the chest register, is a breathy sound that ranges in volume from very soft at its lowest pitches around the A below middle C to a bit louder at its highest pitches an octave higher. (Breathy, because without the action of the chest register muscles, the vocal cords do not approximate (=touch) completely. A falsetto that is more “singy,” i.e. with tonal clarity, or one that extends higher than the A above middle C, requires some participation from the chest register.) The pitch range of the pure falsetto is identical for men and women. In combined registrations, the falsetto determines the tautness of the vocal cords and thus the pitch and contributes beneficial qualities such as warmth of tone and flexibility. Some types of throat constriction can be “blasted” open using this useful, if unaesthetic sound.
We can best elicit a pure falsetto using the vowel [oo] anywhere in the appropriate octave, although it’s often easier to avoid bringing in the chest register if we choose a pitch high enough to make chest register participation unlikely. I often start at around the E above middle C to get the pure falsetto established before taking it lower.
Here’s a clip of a baritone singing single tones in pure falsetto from F above middle C to the A below. Notice how the volume decreases as he descends, in accordance with the characteristics of this register.
Purefalsetto by michaelhanko
Here are the same notes in a mixed falsetto. The increased clarity and volume come from the participation of the chest register, although the falsetto is still quite dominant.
If you attempt to take the falsetto lower than its natural range, your voice will either diminish into soundlessness or take on some chest register to continue lower. In the following sound clip, listen as the singer descends on an arpeggio on the vowel [oh] from the F above middle C to the octave below. When he reaches the bottom note, outside the range of falsetto, you will hear his falsetto “break over” into a mixed registration involving some chest voice.
Falsetochest by michaelhanko
The chest register:
When uncoordinated, i.e., unaccompanied by any falsetto participation, the chest register is a crude, somewhat aggressive sound that ranges from the lowest notes one can sing up to around the E above middle C. It’s loud throughout this range, getting even louder and harsher as it ascends. As is the case for the falsetto, the range of this register is the same for men and women, although, since men sing about an octave lower than women, most of their range lies within the confines of the chest register, while only the lowest notes of women’s voices do. The action of the chest register is what maintains the openness of the throat, which of course is desirable even for the highest soprano pitches. In combined registrations, the chest register permits excursion into the lower tonal ranges and contributes power, clarity, and focus to the tone. It is easy to misuse this register, however; most forms of throat constriction are the result of an over-aggressive or otherwise poorly coordinated chest register.
We can easily elicit the chest register by singing loudly on a lowish note on the vowel [ah]. (Men have a wide range of options here; women are limited to the lowest 5th or so of their range.)
In the next clip you can hear the unmistakable differences between the falsetto and the chest register. The baritone sings twice a descending arpeggio from the D above middle C to the D below, first in falsetto (nearly inaudible by the bottom note) and then again in chest voice.
Chest by michaelhanko
If the singer attempts to take the chest voice too high, the tone will become louder and more and more spread until the muscles can no longer endure the excessive strain this imposes on them, breaking into a falsetto at this point. In the following sound clip, you can hear the dramatic change in quality when this break occurs. This is the famous break which all singers, particularly men, must find a way to bridge so as to avoid the comic, yodel-like effect of abrupt changes from one register into another and back.
Break by michaelhanko
In this next sound clip, the singer repeats the same sequence of notes, but allows his registers to coordinate. As they work together, they smooth out the transitions from a coordinated chest register into a coordinated falsetto, also known as head voice, and back again.
Smoothbreak by michaelhanko
Voice lessons provide a pathway for register development. In an untrained or incorrectly trained voice, the registers may each be poorly developed and they will not be able to cooperate efficiently with each other. During lessons like mine, the falsetto and chest registers will be trained in two ways: 1) independently, to strengthen them and correct any faults present, and 2) in coordinated combination with each other, to refine their ability to work together.
Well-coordinated registers make singing feel easy and give you increased range and agility, as well as the ability to sing on any pitch at any volume and with a whole range of tonal colors.
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Milling PCBs with cheap Chinese "desktop" CNC-router
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Part 2: Gerbers and Excellons (the PCB vector-format and drilling files)
So, you have designed your schematic and board layout in your EDA-package (Electronic Design Automation), I use KiCAD ( http://kicad-pcb.org/ ), an open source EDA-package that has its oddities and flaws, but is really great in general (especially considering that it's totally free :P). If you use something else than KiCAD, I expect you know how to get the front copper- and edge cuts -layers to gerbers and how to export the Excellon-format drill files.
I personally use the combination of KiCAD + FlatCAM (for creating the machining paths) + bCNC (for controlling the CNC-machine). I think the general procedure can be done with pretty much any combination you feel comfortable with, but of course these instructions are written with that specific toolchain in mind.
When your layout is done, you probably already have your board cutout drawn or possibly did it last. In KiCAD, this is done in the Edge Cuts -layer, using the line-, circle- and arc-tools.
Here's an example of the step-up board I made recently (sorry that it's a bit messy, since I don't get silk screen prints in the milled boards, I don't move the texts or such)
The Edge Cuts -layer lines are drawn in yellowish color (although to my color blind eye it seems the exact same color as the texts and component outlines etc :P), going around the red copper-fill (ground plane in this case) and with rounded corners (made with the arc-tool, then the arcs are connected with the line-tool, all this needs to be drawn to Edge Cuts -layer, as you export the gerbers by-layer and you mill one layer at a time).
Here's the same board with some drawing disabled from the Render-menu on the right:
Now you can clearly see the yellow Edge Cuts -outline, right? If you don't mind sharp edges, you don't necessarily need to do an Edge Cuts-outline at all. FlatCAM can create a cutout for you based on the isolation milling edges with configurable "tabs" (explained in the part about FlatCAM) that hold the board in place until you snap it out from the copper clad (those tabs can be actually useful, as I will later on warn you of a couple of things that can happen if you're not careful with this type of cutout).
I personally prefer to define my own cutout and use rounded corners in the boards, as they look nice, and sometimes actually need a specific cutout (for size or shape or whatever). Also worth noting that you don't need to shape or size your copper fill zones with the cutout; KiCAD will automatically make your fill zones follow the Edge Cuts -layer lines with the isolation distances you've configured in the zone. The isolation distances for your zones should be adjusted based on 1) how much actual isolation distance you may need (for higher voltages for example) and 2) the tool diameter you use for isolation routing (see the section explaining the V-bit, width of cut etc. in the FlatCAM-part). FlatCAM will follow the size of your isolations when generating the g-code, and if you have for example 0.1mm isolation, and use 0.15mm widht-of-cut, FlatCAM won't generate the code to go through those small isolations (as the bit would be too wide).
The next important part is placing your "zero" (origin) position. If you don't place your own, KiCAD will export the gerbers and excellons (drill files) using the top-left corner of the drawing area as X=0, Y=0 -position:
In this case, with A4-page set (the default, if you're drawing a really large board it might be larger), the board would be placed at X = 93mm, Y=28.5mm during the milling (in relation to the zero you set at the milling-phase, explained later). Not necessarily a good thing, although it depends how you do the milling, I don't use "homing" (will get to that in the milling-phase, again explained later), so I want to define my own "zero".
The tool for setting the "zero"/origin is in the right menu, beneath the trash can with a tool tip saying "Place the origin point for drill and place files":
(sorry, the screenshot doesn't show the mouse cursor, which is placed at that icon when this screen shot is taken).
Select the tool and then click point you want to use as your origin. Adjust your grid as needed, I use different sized mils-grids (thousandths of an inch) for placing components, because most components have mils-based pin pitches, but I use millimeter grid for the cutouts. You want to place the origin at the top left of your cutout, like here:
That red "crosshair-and-circle" -icon shows the position of your origin. In this case, since I use rounded corners, I've placed the origin right at where the left- and top-edges would meet, were it a sharp corner. If you use sharp corners, you may want to set the origin slightly above/to the left of the corner, as the origin point will also be used for depth-probing each tool you use, and the depth-probing needs an uncut connection to the copper clad section outside your cuts to work (I'll explain it further in the part about the actual milling-process).
Now, again assuming your board is otherwise done and your cutout is correct, we're ready for exporting the files for the CAM (Computer Aided Manufacture) -software, in my case, FlatCAM.
If you need slots, texts or 2-sided boards, check the Part 5 for what to take into account when exporting the Gerbers.
Exporting the needed files is under File -> Plot. There's an "Export"-submenu in the File-menu too, but that's not it. ;)
You're presented with this daunting window with lots of selection boxes, but fear not, it's not complicated:
The above screenshot shows the values you want, if it's a new project there might be additional layers selected, and such, if you've already set these once (sometimes you need to go back during the CAM-phase to change things or such and re-export), they're saved with the project and will be remembered. In this case I've already milled the project before, so everything was set up already.
The plot format is Gerber (I think it's by default, I don't remember ever changing it), output directory is empty (meaning the same directory where your KiCAD-project resides, again a default). You want only the F.Cu (front copper) -layer, and the Edge.Cuts layer (in cases where you have slots to cut or text to engrave, you may also want the Eco1.User and Eco2.user -layers, or at least those are the layers I use for them). If you plan on making a 2-layer board, you also want to add your B.Cu (back copper) layer. The default options are otherwise fine (all the Plot... -options at what they were etc.), except, by default, the last option "Use auxiliary axis as origin" is not selected. This controls whether the origin is the top-left corner of the "page" or the "zero"/origin you set using the "Place the origin point for drill and place files" -tool. Make sure it's selected. The Plot... -options might come in handy if/when you're ordering boards from a fab-house, but since you can't (well, at least I can't :P) do any silk-screening or solder masks (tented vias mean vias covered by solder mask), they have no meaning really.
Under Gerber Options, leave the checkboxes clear (I'm pretty sure they're not checked by default) and use the 4.6 -format (I think that's the default).
Now, hit the Plot-button, and the Messages-box will fill with messages about the process (at least on my computer this happens pretty much instantly):
Great. We've got the gerbers for our front copper and edge cuts-layers created. Now, we still need the drill-file(s).
A caveat that came to mind is that you might have drawn your copper (for a single-sided design) in the B.Cu (Back copper) -layer. I did that early on by mistake. You don't need to move everything to front layer (which can be difficult, as depending on component and how you can or cannot rotate it, the pins can get mirrored and then you'd need to route all your traces again), just export the back copper-layer instead of front, you can fix this in the CAM-part, by mirroring the layers, but the very important bit to remember there is to also mirror the drill paths, otherwise you end up with your drill holes in all the wrong places.
Next to the Plot-button, there's a button saying "Generate Drill File". Hit that.
Again a window with scary amount of options. Fret not, this is easy. I don't recall ever changing the defaults. I've never delved deep into the drill-file format specifics, but the defaults are alright for FlatCAM, basically this is outputting the "Excellon" -format file it reads (although the Drill Map File Format says "PostScript"). Just check that "Drill Origin" says "Auxiliary axis" (again the origin you defined), if it's absolute, it will use the corner of the "page" from the design. As far as I remember, the "Auxiliary axis" has always been default choice (never tested whether it's down to setting the origin yourself in the first place, or if it changes automatically when you change the gerber-file creation to use your own origin). Just hit the "Drill File"-button, and your drill file is created. The Messages-box will say something like "Create file <your project path>\<your project name>.drl".
If you have something like holes for M3-screws (I probably should have picked a project with both screw holes and slots to use as an example...), an extra file with the ending "-NPTH.drl" will be created. NPTH stands for (afaik) "Non-Plated Through-Hole". That means that they are holes that are not meant to be plated through (vias and holes for components are usually plated through), but that's only meaningful for fab-houses that can actually through-plate holes in the first place ;) You might just as well use the "Merge PTH and NPTH holes into one file" -option, but it doesn't really matter. I've always let KiCAD create separate files for those, it's only a matter of remembering to open the NPTH-file separate in FlatCAM for creating the drilling paths for the M3-holes (in my case that is, I never use the NPTH's for anything else except M3-screw holes for fixing the board somewhere). For me it makes sense, since that's a part where you have to change the drill feed rate (the large drills require slower feed, as they cut much more material).
Now you're ready to move on to FlatCAM for creating the machining paths for different tools (V-bits, end mills, drills...) and generate the g-code that actually tells the machine what to do.
Edited by esaj
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Part 3: Generating the g-code for the CNC with FlatCAM
FlatCAM ( http://flatcam.org/ ) is an open source CAM-software specifically meant for PCB routing. If you're looking for a CAM-software to do something like wood carving with contours using CNC, this is not the software for you. It's written in Python, but the Windows-installer should contain all the necessary software (I think, it's been a long time since I installed it), for Linux, there's a script that can install all the necessary dependencies, and if that doesn't work, instructions for manual installation. The software can auto-update itself, so you're set after the installation.
The point of the CAM-software is to take your gerbers and excellon-files, and turn them into g-code, the instructions used by the CNC to know where to move, how fast etc. If you've used 3D-printers before, they're also controlled through g-code (at least usually), since it's a (semi-)standard way of programmatically controlling devices with one or more axes. You might have even tinkered around with the g-code by yourself... I've done that on occasionally, if there's been some special case where I've had to modify the tool-paths by hand afterwards, but it's rare, and you can avoid it altogether, and just be completely oblivious to how the g-code works.
When you start up FlatCAM, you're greeted with the main view and an empty project.
Application defaults and description of options
The FlatCAM-site has good manual for the entire software, tutorials etc., but I still go over the general options, what default values I use and why.
If this is the first time you start it up, you want to set up some common settings so that you don't need to change everything each time you have a new project. Select "Options" from the tabs near the top-left corner, and make sure the drop down says "APPLICATION DEFAULTS".
At the very top is the units -setting. I use mm (millimeters, metric), you may want to use inches. I've given the values only in millimeters here though, so if you want to use inches, you'll have to convert them yourself. Don't use values given here directly if using inches as units, you will just break your bits and ruin your copper clads.
Gerber options
Next at the top are Gerber Options, starting with the Plot Options. These control how (or if at all) your gerbers are being drawn by FlatCAM, but has no effect on the generated g-code. Plot means whether things are plotted (drawn) at all, naturally you usually want that ;), Solid means using solid color to draw the polygons, and Multicolored uses different colors for different polygons. I've used Plot + Solid as default, but you can change these options while generating the tool paths as necessary. Having everything drawn by default is useful, as you can image.
Next up are the Isolation Routing options. This needs some further explanation, and we actually have to jump a bit now, to the mechanical bits you use to mill the boards:
V-bits, degrees, tip width, depth of cut and width of cut
V-bits, named after the V-shape of the bit, are what you use for isolation routing, copper removal (larger areas, although end mill could work also) and V-grooves. My typical go-to bit is a tungsten carbide 30-degree 0.1mm V-bit, with 3.175mm (1/8") shaft (the shaft-size depends on your machine chuck, usually small CNCs have 1/8"), with or without titanium-coating:
The "degrees" of the bit are the angle at which the tip tapers towards the pointy end. Typical angles are 10-, 20-, 30-, 60 and 90-degree bits. I have all of those, but 95% of the time, I just use 30-degree bits for isolations and copper removals. If I'd need really thin cuts, I'd go down to 20- or even 10-degree bits, but those are more brittle and break more easily. 30-degree has seemed like a good compromise of small cut width and durability of the bit (durability as in it doesn't snap as easily, all the bits will dull over time). Titanium-coated bits last longer while without dulling too much, but they can still snap as easily as the non-coated ones. After you learn your machine "limits" (speed-wise), you can keep using the same bit until it dulls out (at which point it will make bad cuts and/or snap), it's been a long while since I've snapped a bit with too deep cut or going too fast. If you're a systematic person, you could of course keep tabs on how much (millimeters) the bit has been used, and replace it after a certain point. I've never bothered.
The bits are very cheap ordered from Aliexpress (you can get a set of 10 bits usually for something like 3-5€) and they last you a long while after you get things set up correctly. Some people complain that the bits dull fast with FR4, not lasting even a single board, but I suspect they just use far too high feed speeds/single depth pass, as I've cut at least 10 larger boards with the same tip without noticing much dulling. Still eventually, you will notice that the cuts aren't as good as they used to be. If you haven't changed any settings, followed your usual procedure that usually makes good boards etc, likely the bit has dulled too much and it's time to replace it.
The width or diameter of 0.1mm stands for the tip diameter. While to naked eye 0.1mm seems it's entirely sharp / point, there actually is a small 0.1mm (about 4 mil) "flat" end at the tip. For larger copper area removals, you want to use wider tip diameter, like 0.2mm or 0.5mm, or even more, depending how much copper you want to remove and how small crevices the tip still must be able to pass through (if for example you want to remove 0.3mm wide copper area from under an SMD-component, you can't use 0.5mm tip for that).
If you look at my settings, you will notice that the default option I use for Tool dia (tool diameter) is not 0.1mm, but 0.15mm. Why? This option tells FlatCAM how wide the cut is at the surface of the board. The tip deeper in the board will cut 0.1mm wide path, but the edge at the top copper will cut a wider path as the bit becomes wider. Here's how the width of cut is calculated based on depth of cut:
Width of cut at the top = Tip diameter + 2 * tan(bit degrees / 2) * depth of cut
There's a tutorial explaining the trigonometry and equations here: https://www.dropbox.com/s/mjdoql4m6s3vng6/V-Bit Calc Tutorial.pdf?dl=0 (do note that it doesn't take into account the tip diameter, which must be added to the final result, as the "flat" end is at that depth, not the point of a sharp triangle). Instead of working out that by hand/pocket calculator, you can also just use something like http://woodworkerb.com/home/pcb-isolation-routing/tool-width-calculator/
Still, this doesn't explain why I've got exactly 0.15mm there as the Tool dia -value. The reason is that I use 0.095mm (notice the amount of zeroes, a little under 0.1mm) cut depth when doing my boards. If you use the above equation with 30-degree 0.1mm wide bit and 0.095mm depth of cut, you get:
Width of cut = 0.1mm + 2 * tan(30/2) * 0.095mm = 0.15091mm
I've just rounded it off to 0.15mm, and like said, I pretty much always use the same values: 30-degree 0.1mm V-bit, 0.095mm cut depth, makes a 0.15mm wide cut at the top of the copper layer on the board.
So, next question is of course "why exactly 0.095mm"? I use "1oz" -boards (1 ounce of copper "flattened" evenly per square foot). These boards happen to have 35µm (micrometers) = 0.035mm thick layer of copper on top of the laminate substrate (substrate being either bakelite for FR1 or fiberglass reinforced epoxy for FR4). 0.095mm is a "convenient value" in the sense that 1) it's roughly 3 times the thickness of the copper layer, making sure that the bit cuts all the way through the copper and cuts the connection between the sides of the cut and 2) it creates an "easy to remember" 0.15mm wide cut ;) No further science behind it on my behalf.
Why FlatCAM needs this information is so that it can plan the milling paths around your traces, it places the tip of the bit half of the width of cut away from your trace edge, so that the top of the trace is the correct width you've used in your board layout design. If you need to deal with higher voltages and "creepage" distances, you need to take account that the width is slightly smaller at the bottom of the copper layer (for example for 0.095mm depth of cut, the bottom of the copper layer is at depth of 0.095mm - 0.035mm and the width there is 0.1mm + 2 * tan(30/2) * 0.06mm = 0.132154mm. But, we'll get to the Width (# passes) -setting soon, and when you want wider cuts for high voltage isolation/comfort of soldering, you usually just make more passes to make the cuts wider (and/or maybe use a wider angle/wider width bit).
If and when at some point you use a bit with different angle and/or width (and you will use non-V-shaped bits for other stuff, but I get to that when I explain making the cut out tool path), you need to change the Tool dia-value, but you only do it for that "phase" of the project (I'll explain what I mean by "phase" later on), these application default settings are the most common ones, so you need to tinker around with the settings as little as possible when creating the g-code for your projects, and the whole process becomes fluid and pretty straightforward, making it easy to remember and repeat over and over as you make new designs.
The "Width (# passes)" and "Pass overlap" -options
The Width (# passes) option sets the number of passes to do in the current phase of the project (again, I'll explain what I mean with "phase" later on, maybe it's a bad choice of word), that is, how many times the "polygon" (shape to isolate or cut) is gone around width-wise, each pass going further away from the shape.
When you do a "single pass" isolation-routing, the bit will make a single cut around the shape, and you end up with a width explained above (so 0.15mm for the 30deg/0.1mm at 0.095mm depth for example). When you want wider cuts, you can use a wider tipped bit, wider angle bit (or a combination of these) or make multiple passes. When you add more passes, the next pass will be done further away from the shape edge, and how much further it's done is controlled by the Pass overlap -option. Pass overlap is a multiplier of the Tool dia, so the default value of 0.15 means the overlap is done at 0.15 * Tool dia millimeters (or inches, if you use inch as unit). Do note that it's the amount of overlap, so if you set it to 0.10 instead of 0.15, less overlap is done, not more. You can also think of it as a percentage, where 1.0 = 100% (that would not really make sense, though, as it would mean the next pass is done right on top of the last one ;)) and 0.15 = 15% etc. The reason for "overlapping" the passes is that the V-bit is at an angle, and will cut a V-shaped groove instead of a rectangular shape, and if there's no or not enough overlap, clearly visible "ridges" may be left between the passes, and may even contain some copper there (which might become an issue if it's a really thin "sliver" that comes off and short circuits the adjacent copper areas).
For default settings, I've left the Width (# passes) and Pass overlap at the defaults of 1 pass and 0.15 overlap (I think those were the defaults at least ;)), and adjust them as necessary.
"Combine passes" -option
When using more than one pass, this checkbox controls whether the passes are combined to a single g-code -file, or if each pass is created as a separate file. I've never seen any use for having separate files, so I leave the option enabled by default.
Board cutout -options
The board cutout -options affect only if you don't define your own Edge Cuts in KiCAD (or whatever EDA you use). I don't usually use it, so I'll just go over the options briefly. The Tool dia -setting has the same purpose as with the isolation routing -options, except for cutouts you usually use an end mill and not a V-bit. What an end mill is, is a drill-like bit, except it has this rough texture and is meant not only to go straight through (depth-wise) but also cut sideways. I use titanium-plated "fishtail" end mills, they look like this:
Well, the picture's of an 1.5mm bit, I use 1mm for the cutouts, but the difference is just the bit diameter. Since there's no "tapering" in the bit, the width of the cut is the same across the entire depth, so you just enter the bit width as Tool dia. I leave the default at 1mm, because I always use 1mm end mill for cutouts (again, it's a compromise: thicker bit will be stronger and won't snap as easily, but you "spend" more board / need to leave wider margins around the holding clamps, larger cut area means more stress on the motors etc.). If you don't go overboard with feed rates, these bits will last you a good while. I've broken a couple on accident with trying to do too deep cuts in one go and/or too high feed rate (speed), but with "correct" settings, it seems these things are near indestructible. I'll get to the depth-wise multi-pass cuts at a later part, but it's essential to do it in multiple passes when cutting FR4, as the laminate substrate is so strong that you can't cut it in one go (or maybe with really low feed rate, but then it's faster and less stressful to the machine just to do it in smaller passes but with somewhat higher feed rates).
The Margin is the amount of millimeters (or inches, again if you're using those as units) to leave at the edges from the nearest trace/shape. If you put 1.0 there, the generated cutout (remember, these options don't affect anything if you use your own Edge Cuts) will leave 1mm between the edgemost traces/shapes of your boards in X- and Y -plane. I've left it at 0.1mm, but I rarely do the cutout using this.
Gap size is a bit weirdly named option, as it's the size of a tab the generated cutout will leave, the Gaps -option beneath it sets the amount and location of tabs to leave. 0.15mm is really small, but still easily doable, if you make it too thick, it will be hard to get the tab to break. The Gaps options mean: 2 (T/B) = leave 2 tabs, one at the Top of the board, one at the Bottom, 2 (L/R) leave 2 tabs, one at the Left, one at the Right, 4 = leave 4 tabs, top, bottom, left and right. If it's unclear what I mean by tabs, this picture should clear it up (tabs are circled in red):
Remember, the generated cutout will ALWAYS be just a rectangle, with sharp corners. If there are multiple boards in your design, the generated cutout won't distinguish separate boards, but generate the cutout around everything in the design. The cutout-shape in the above picture is not done by FlatCAMs' board cutout, but defined probably in the Edge Cuts (or similar) -layer by whoever designed and ordered those boards (or maybe by the fab-house).
Non-copper regions -options
These settings are needed when you define areas for copper removal. There's only two options: Boundary Margin and a checkbox for Rounded corners. These options affect only the outer edge of the region, and you will use the Paint Area -tool later on to "paint" the areas where copper is to be entirely removed. Boundary margin is the amount of millimeters/inches to leave at the edges (again from the edgemost parts of the shape), and rounded corners makes, unsurprisingly, the corners round. The created region will again be always a rectangle, defined by the outermost shape-edges of the selected region.
I've left these at 0mm margin and the rounded corners -option off as default. Often the area where you want to remove the copper from is "inside" the board, not around the outer edges, so you don't want any margin, and rounded corners doesn't make sense when removing copper from "inside" the board. As usual, you will tweak these on a per-case -basis, if need be.
Bounding box -options
This is similar to Non-copper regions, except when you actually create a non-copper region with a real project, you select the polygon which to clear from copper. Bounding box will generate a rectangle around the outermost edges of the entire gerber. The Boundary margin- and Rounded corners -options work similarly as with the Non-copper regions. I must admit that I've never used the bounding box for anything, at least so far, the basic idea seems to be to use it for bed-flattening, but thanks to auto-leveling, there's no need. I don't use it, so for me the values have no meaning.
Excellon options
Excellon options are for the drilling files. Again you have the defaults for plotting, I just leave Plot enabled and Solid off.
Drill options
Under the Create CNC Job -title, you have the options for the drilling.
Cut Z is the depth of the drilling, the copper clad boards I usually use are 1.5mm thick (I don't know whether the 35µm copper layer comes on top of that or is included, and it doesn't matter), but I've set the default depth to 1.8mm to make sure the drill goes all the way through. An important note here is that the Z-axis increments when the drilling head is moving up and decrements going down. When you get to the part where the actual milling is being done, you will set the Z-axis zero point to the surface of the copper layer. To go through that layer, you move down, meaning that the Z-axis values going "inside" the board are negativeThus, the value you set to the Cut Z is negative! The default value I use is -1.8 (mm).
Travel Z is the height to which the milling head is lifted before sideways movement during drilling. Of course you want the drill bit above the copper clad while it's moving to the next position to drill, so you use a positive value here. 2mm is a good compromise; it's certainly high enough from the board surface to prevent the bit hitting it and breaking the bit, yet not that high as that it would take a long time for the drill going down during actual drilling. You could actually go lower here, the curvature of the board (I will get to that in the bCNC-section; but the curvature and "auto-leveling"/depth probing is very important to get decent boards, and probably many people have given up on trying to mill their own boards because they weren't aware or didn't have the option to do it!) is usually something like +-0.2mm.
Feed rate is the speed at which the drill moves up and down. When moving from one point to the next between actually drilling holes ("travelling"), another feed rate is used, that is not set in the FlatCAM at all, but programmed in your CNC firmware (at least for Grbl).
I've used a default of 90 (the unit is millimeters per minute; that means it's actually only 1.5mm/second!) for all other sizes, except when doing the large 3.2mm holes for M3-screws, I drop it (separately) down to 60mm/min, but the default is 90, because there are far more different sized drills used for making the holes for connectors and component legs than fixing screws, and you don't want to be setting the value separately each time.
Using too high feed rate (speed), the drill bit may break as it cannot cut that high "chip load" (large pieces, sort of...) at a time. Too slow feed speed will dull your bits faster as the drill bit is actually more like "scraping" the hole through rather than cutting. 90mm/min is not optimal, the actual "optimal" feed rate would vary depending on material and drill size, but it's a good compromise that works, and at least in my case, hasn't dulled down the drills really fast (I think I'm still using the first bits ever on many sizes, so far I've probably only replaced something more common, like 1.0mm and/or 0.8mm).
Warning: As I was writing this tutorial, I actually noticed the CNC started making much worse job than usual, after having some problems with drilling 3.2mm holes. After figuring out what's going on, I determined it to be caused byt the Z-axis motorclamp being broken by force. You may want to use even lower feedrate than 60mm/min. I've since fixed the motor clamp using a hot-air station, but after a couple of boards, it broke again. Likely you should use even lower feed rate for drill sizes over 2mm (or thereabouts, I got up to 1.5mm without problem when things started to go south) or get a machine with fully metallic Z-axis assembly (like some CNC3040's for example, with 300W motor and full aluminum cast motor clamp & full metal other parts of the z-axis).
Toolchange Z is the height at which the machine will rise the milling head for tool-change. I haven't ever used this, but the general idea is that you can create a g-code which has these "tool change"-parts, where the head is lifted up and the machine stops waiting for you to press "Continue" (either in bCNC or on a separate control board, more on that later). You'd then remove the current bit, and put on the new one, then allow it continue. Sounds good, eh? Like said, I haven't even actually tried it, but I can already see a glaring problem with this: When you change the bit, the new bit might be different length, or you don't get it down to exactly at the same height as the old one was. The result is that the drill might not go deep enough, or it hits the board surface during travel and breaks your bit (possibly also scraping and in the worst case ruining your entire board)! We'll get to depth probing in the part about the actual milling/drilling/cutour process; suffice to say, each time you change the tool (V-bit, drills, end mills), you need to run the basic depth-probing so that bCNC knows to adjust the milling head height correctly (autoleveling is only done once at the start of the process).
Spindle speed is an optional setting that inserts a g-code to tell the CNC to run the spindle at specific speed (RPM). I've left this empty (not set at all). If you have a CNC control-board that runs the spindle-motor through itself (like the "Woodpecker"-board the CNC 2418 comes with, running Grbl: https://github.com/grbl/grbl for controlling the steppers etc. ) , you control the spindle speed through bCNC (or through g-code using this option). I burnt the spindle-motor control MOSFET of my original Woodpecker board with a more powerful spindle-motor (20k+ RPM, sounded like a jet-engine at full speed :P) multiple times, and since then created my own spindle-control board separately, with on/off button for the spindle and coarse- and fine-tuning potentiometers for the spindle speed, the stepper-control was replaced with Arduino Uno (I just uploaded the Grbl to it myself and figured out the settings) + CNC-shield + A4988 stepper motor controllers, totalling about 10€ in price. (To be fair, the Woodpecker-board isn't bad per se, but the replacement price was way too high for what it is, at around 30-40€ or thereabouts; a stripped down Arduino Nano + 3 x A4988 -stepper controllers, step down circuitry + spindle control and a few other passives around it).
Mill Holes -options only contain a Tool dia -setting. This is meant for making larger holes by milling in a circular motion with a smaller end mill (not a drill, it will snap as it cannot cut sideways). Note that this only means circular holes, not slots. I've never had to use it, since I have drill-bits from 0.3mm to 3.2mm, or at least all values until about 1.5mm in 0.1mm increments, then most sizes going up to 3.2mm, and never have needed larger round holes. If you intend or need to mill holes instead of drilling them (for example because the hole is very large or you need some size for which you don't have a drill-bit for), you can set you "default" end mill diameter here if you like.
Geometry options
This is where you put your defaults for isolation routing (these values are also used during milling slots and cut out, but since you can only set single defaults, I set the isolation routing values as defaults, and then change manually during possible slots and cutouts).
The Plot Options only contains the Plot-checkbox, which you want to leave checked (it'd be rare that you want to hide it, definitely not by default as with pretty much any plots).
Create CNC Job; milling options
Cut Z is the depth of cut, which I've set as 0.095mm, as discussed before.
Travel Z is the height the bit is pulled up to while moving from one point to another (when not cutting), I use 2mm again as a "safe" default value. You can make it smaller if you like, but it doesn't make that big of a difference in isolation routing
Feed rate is the speed at which the routing is done (again millimeters per minute). At least for my machine, the "safe" values are about 200-300mm/min for isolation routing, lower for cutouts. I leave the default at 300mm/min. Again you will modify this value for possible slots and cutouts, I'll explain the values I use later when we get to an example project going through all the phases of making the g-code files.
Tool dia is again the tool diameter used for milling (or slots, or cutouts). I again use the 0.15mm value as default.
Spindle speed is the optional spindle RPM-value, I don't use it since I control my spindle speed manually. See the Spindle speed - description above in Drill options for details.
Cut quality (Feed rate vs RPM)
Feed rate, meaning the speed at which the milling bit is moved (at fastest, Grbl will accelerate and decelerate it after/before turns to avoid overshoots and such), highly effects on the quality of the routing cuts (other factors are at play too of course). The faster the milling bit turns (rotates), ie. rpm's of the spindle motor, the faster it's possible to make the cuts without the quality suffering (or the bit breaking). I couldn't find an animation showing the effect, but this picture from Wikipedia shows the basic idea:
As the V-bit rotates around its center while being moved across the material to cut, the speed at which it's being moved vs. the rotation speed of the spindle will affect how big a "chunk" of the material is cut by the teeth at each rotation ("chip load"). Real machinists calculate or use charts or software that will get them the correct "chip load", ie. feed rate for specific material, cutting tool, RPMs etc. I've never bothered delve that deep into it, rather I've just tried out different speeds etc. to get repeatably good (enough) results. There will be some variance from board to board, depending on how dull the bit is, how tight autolevel grid was used etc, but my "usual" values have worked good for me pretty much always (depending on your machine, yours might be different, so best way to find them out is to make test cuts to find out the "correct" values).
I usually run the spindle at full RPMs (as fast as it can spin), which is OK unless the motor bearings / chuck isn't that good, in which case high RPMs can cause more runout (wobble of the milling bit tip). With the original 7k or 9k (I no longer remember which it was) RPM motor and ER-11 chuck, there's very little runout. With the 20k RPM motor I had in use for a while, the runout was often way too much for higher RPMs, so I couldn't run it really at full speed most of the time (although sometimes it just "worked" and I could get good cuts at 800mm/min).
Going up with chip load (the milling bit cuts bigger chunks of the copper and laminate per rotation as the feed rate goes up), the edges of the cuts will become more jagged, as the bit is being moved forwards before the cutting edge of the tip has fully turned. The faster the feed rate is (vs. RPM), the worse the cuts get. Also, going "too fast", the tip might break as it's trying to cut too high load (this will vary based on tip quality, dullness, material hardness and depth of cut).
Here's an example of good cuts with 100mm/min (top left), 200mm/min (top right), 300mm/min (bottom left) and 400mm/min (bottom right) feed rates running the motor at full speed:
The test shapes are 0.6mm traces, the size of a single shape is about 6x4mm. The cuts are clearly through, no jagged edges (except a little bit on the 400mm/min part) and not much variation in the trace width. Close ups:
You can see the edges become more rougher and jagged with the speed going up. Suitable speed depends on your spindle speed and machine, so maybe do a couple of test runs with simple patterns if you haven't done this before.
When the milling bit is dull or the Z-axis has play (during making this tutorial, I actually found out the 3D-printed spindle motor clamp on the Z-axis had partially cracked, fixed for now with hot air, but no more drilling bigger holes until I replace it), the cuts may become bad. Not going all the way through or leaving scrap on the edges of the cuts. The below cases aren't that bad yet, as the copper scraps are removed during sanding:
Close up of the 45 degree part:
If you're getting cuts like this, try another V-bit and/or check that the spindle motor is firmly attached. My motor clamp lasted a good hundred boards, it seems that drilling the bigger holes (>1.5mm or so) puts a lot of stress on the clamp, so for now I've drilled the larger holes with 1.5mm bit and then enlargened them with a handdrill and 2.5mm or 3.2mm bit. It's a bit annoying, but good to know for anyone thinking about getting a machine with a 3d-printed motor clamp/z-axis assembly.
I usually sand down the board a bit before soldering it (even when the cuts are just fine), this gets rid of the copper bits still caught in the cut edges if there are those, and also removes oxidation (copper doesn't rust as such, but it does oxidize) from the surface, so the tin gets better contact.
After sanding the board a bit with 1000-grid wet sandpaper (I use both linear and circular motions, not pressing down much, the idea is to "swipe" over each cut edge in as many directions as possible to get the edges smoothed, you don't need but a stamp-sized piece of the paper) and then washing it (with plain water):
All of these cuts are totally through, ie. none of the traces are shorted, and what I'd still consider "good enough". I usually run the isolation milling at 200-300mm/min, going faster than that, the bit might sometimes not even cut all the way through (with FR4 that is, despite using two depth passes and about 2.5 times the thickness of the copper layer as depth, FR1 is more forgiving), or if it's dull enough, it might break halfway through the job. Also using more width-passes makes the isolations wider, so even if there are "not that good" edges in the traces, the second pass (or more) will fix the situation.
Paint Area -options
Paint Area contains options for "painting" areas, this is used for copper removal from larger areas.
Tool dia should be a familiar value to you already if you've read this far. I commonly use 30-degree / 0.5mm V-bit for copper removal, so I set the default to 0.55mm (the additional 0.05mm coming from the 30-degree angle and 0.095mm depth of cut), and modify the value per project as needed.
Overlap is similar to the Isolation routing settings, the factor how much the adjacent passes overlap each other. 0.15mm (the default) seems to work well, although if you want to make extra sure that everything gets removed, you can use even larger value, like 0.25 (25%) or 0.5 (50%).
Margin is the amount of millimeters of margin to leave at the edges of the painted area. I've left this at 0mm, as I want the cuts to go all the way to the edge of the area I've painted.
CNC Job Options; g-code output
The last set of options is for the generated g-code, called "CNC Job Options".
The Plot Options contains the Plot-checkbox, which you want to leave checked, but also yet another Tool dia, this time it's slightly different than in other sections; this only affects the drawing of the g-code plot. I've set mine to same diameter as I usually use as the tool: 0.15mm.
Under Export G-Code you have input boxes for Prepend to G-Code and Append to G-Code. You can write your own bits of G-code in these boxes that gets appended and prepended to the generated G-code. I've left them empty, but you could for example add a piece of code to do a homing cycle (prepended to the start of the code, if you use limit-switches/end stops, I don't), and/or lift up the mill head after the job is complete (appended to the end of the code).
The last two options are Dwell and Duration. If the Dwell-checkbox is checked, the g-code generation will prepend a pause at the start of the code, with the duration given in the Duration -field. The idea is that if your spindle takes a second or two to reach full speed (and the spindle is controlled from the g-code, unlike mine), there's a small pause at the start of the job to allow the spindle to accelerate to full speed before it's being used.
After you've got the settings down, don't forget to select File -> Save Defaults. Otherwise you will lose your changes when the software is closed. After the changes are saved, you have "sensible" defaults, which you may have to tweak for your projects from time to time, but most of the time you can get away with just using the defaults.
Phases of process
I earlier on mentioned the "phases", or maybe "stages" would be a better word. When creating the g-code -files, the order isn't that important, but I usually follow the same order I do with the actual milling (and there the order matters, for reasons I will explain in the milling-part, although most of them are probably obvious):
-Phase 1: Isolation routing
-Optional phase 2: Copper removal
-Optional phase 3: Separate text engraving (can be done in isolation routing too, if you draw your texts to copper layer)
-Phase 4: Drilling PTH-holes
-Phase 5: Drilling NPTH-holes
-Optional phase 6: Cutting slots
-Optional phase 7: Cutting V-grooves
-Phase 8: Cutout
Phases 3, 6 & 7 (separate text engraving, cutting slots & v-grooves) aren't explained in this part, as they're more rare, and I need to dig up or create an example project using those.
A typical project I do usually doesn't contain copper removal, texts, slots or grooves, so that leaves only the isolation-, drilling- and cutout- phases.
For this example project, I picked a "testing board" called "595Breakout", that I did a long time ago, although it's not "plain" breakout board for a 595-chip, but rather a board that contains pinheaders and connectors, LED-bars for showing the states of the 595 outputs, two chained 595's (serial-input / parallel-output shift registers, through-hole DIP packages in this case), pins for attaching the shift-register outputs to somewhere and some SMD-logic level mosfets to "sniff" the output states for controlling the LED-bars + a bunch of passives. Here's the actual design in KiCAD and final board to give some reference, so you can compare it with the FlatCAM views:
The ready-made board picture was taken much later on, as when originally writing this, I didn't realize that this was one of those projects where I didn't take pictures during the milling process or of the unpopulated board...
The reason for picking this project was that it contains (of course) isolation routing, copper removal (it wouldn't be necessary for this board, but can be done for demonstration purposes), different sized "normal" (PTH, plated-through) holes to drill, NPTH-holes for M3-fixing bolts and a rounded cutout. The green lines near the left-middle of the board are actually traces drawn in the back-copper layer, but I didn't do this as a 2-sided board, instead I just use jumpers there on the non-copper side.
Also it uses a solid copper ground plane, which is typical for my boards, but does come with a couple of (possible) surprises. In this case, I've actually used a bit too low isolation distance when defining the copper area (the ground plane) in KiCAD, and will show how it can affect things (in this case, it's not critical, but depending on your project, you might want to return back to you EDA to make the isolation distances a bit larger).
Phase 1: Isolation routing
To start, you open the gerber for the F.CU-layer from your project (I save the gerbers in KiCAD-project directory, you might have placed them elsewhere). Select File -> Open Gerber... and open your file. If it's a large / complicated board, it might take a while to open (like seconds/tens of seconds), and then you see the "gerber-object" plotted in the main-view:
The green part (if you use the "Solid" -plotting option and not multicolored) shows the "solid" copper. White parts (actually, they're "see-through", if there were another object behind this one, it would show through them) are places where the original layout has no copper.
The "message view" (actually it's a TCL -shell, but I've never learned to use it, suffice to say that you can "script" FlatCAM with TCL-language) on the lower part of the window says "Object (gerber) created: <your gbr-file>". FlatCAM has four types of "Objects", with this diagram shown in the manual what can be created from what:
Gerber-files create "Gerber objects", Excellon files create "Excellon-objects", there's also support for SVG's, but I've never used them. When you start generating the isolation/cutout/whatever g-code from a gerber, you first create Geometry object from it (which can also be modified through FlatCAM, but I pretty much never do it), and finally the Geometry Objects are made into G-code ("CNC Job Object"). If you look at the (default) settings I explained before, you can quickly realize how the settings match these object types (Gerber-, Excellon-, Geometry- and CNC Job-options -> Gerber-, Excellon-, Geometry- and CNC Job -objects).
On the top left, with the "Project" -tab selected, you see a single object at this point, the just created Gerber-object for your Gerber-file. Double click the line with the name of the object (or select it with single click and then select "Selected" -tab, it's the same thing).
To save a little bit of bandwidth, I'll just show what the Selected-tab looks like at this point, as nothing else in the screen changes:
A note about Scale- and Offset -options
These options don't have any defaults in the global-options, and are only visible for Objects you've created, I haven't had use for these so far, but maybe you might have.
The Scale -factor can be used to shrink or enlarge the entire object. I haven't had any use for it, as I design the board to that certain size what I want while doing the layout in KiCAD, but I guess it could be useful for some other purposes, or if for some reason your EDA would output the gerbers with wrong scale, you could (probably) fix the size using a non-1.0 scale-factor (shrinking < 1, enlarging > 1) and then clicking the Scale-button. Do note that this is relative to current size, not absolute vs. the original scale. If you set a scale factor of 1.1, and click the Scale button, the object is scaled up by 10% in relation to current size and to the origin you've set when exporting the file. If you hit it again, it will again scale by 10% in relation to the size it currently is.
Offset is a vector value with X- and Y-offset given in your units (mm/inch). Setting the values and clicking Offset-button will move the entire object by the amount given in the vector components. Positive X -value will move to right and negative will move to left. Positive Y-value will move up, and negative will move down. Like with the scaling, do note that this is relative to current position, not absolute against the origin; if you set the X and Y-values as 10, clicking Offset will move the design 10 units (mm/inch) up and to the right. If you click again, it will again move 10 units up and to the right.
If you manage to screw up the offset or scale somehow, there's no "reset" -button or such to return back to the original; you'll have to delete the object (select it in the Project-tab and hit Delete from your keyboard or select Edit->Delete from the top menus) and reload the original or re-generate the Geometry object from the Gerber Object.
Generating the isolation geometry
At this phase, we're interested in Isolation Routing, so you need not care of the rest of the options (Board cutout/non-copper regions/bounding box). The options are the same as when setting the defaults (if you need descriptions for them, re-read the settings above), and as you can see, the defaults have been loaded.
Assuming I'm going with my "usual" 30-degree / 0.1mm bit and 0.095mm depth of cut, and don't want any extra passes, I can leave these at defaults. But for the sake of example, let's say I want to have wider isolation, so I set the Width (# passes) to 2, and leave the Pass overlap at 0.15 and Combine passes checked, then hit the Generate Geometry-button. FlatCAM will "think" for a while (it's generating the geometry), then plot the generated isolation geometry (assuming you've left the Plot enabled in the Geometry Options) on top of the Gerber object:
There are messages related to the creation of the object in the lower part, and selecting the Project -tab again, a new object is seen there now; 595Breakout-F.Cu.gbr_iso ("_iso" standing for isolation).
No actual tool paths or g-code has been yet created at this point, the geometry object just contains the "edges" of the gerber that are traced for tool-pathing next. Since the 2 passes were combined to single object, there's just one object. If you left the Combine passes -checkbox unchecked, it would have created two separate isolation geometries with the edges slightly offset from each other. Double click the newly created geometry object from the Project-tab, and you get to this in the Selected-tab:
Again the defaults are already set, but there are a couple of new options under Create CNC Job that aren't there when setting the defaults. Here's the important part; if you're milling FR4, which is much harder material than FR1, you want to do the depth cutting in stages, not in one go. If you do it in one go, you'll likely either break your V-bit or at least make it dull a lot faster, as it's "stressed" more by cutting more material in one go. If it's FR1, go ahead and click the Generate-button. I use almost exclusively FR4 (except for very quick & simple prototypes), so I want to do the depth cut in stages. I check the Multi-Depth checkbox and set the Depth/pass to half of my depth-of-cut/Cut Z: 0.095mm/2 = 0.0475. Do note that for this option, you don't use a negative value.
The downside of using multiple depth- / width-passes for cutting the isolation is that it takes longer; if cutting just single pass (width-wise) and whole depth in one go, the machine has to trace the contour once. For two-passes width-wise and full depth in one go, 2 passes. For two-passes width-wise and two-passes depth-wise, it takes 4 times as long (4 passes in total). And so forth. The upside is that your bits last longer (and don't snap) and you get better cuts. Like said before, FR1 can usually be pretty easily cut (depth-wise) in one go, but for FR4, you likely want two passes for the depth.
Technically, it could be possible to cut FR4 to the full depth in one go, if you drop the feed rate (at least if you have strong bits and a bit of luck, I have no idea how much variation in the bits there might be, and whether the cheap bits from AliExpress actually even really are tungsten carbide ;)), but dropping the feed rate will again cause things to take longer. Two-pass depth-cutting has worked fine for FR4's for me, with feed-rates of 200-300mm/min. I'll do some test boards with simple cuts at different speeds later on in Part 4, and show some microscope images of the cut quality.
The RPMs of the spindle motor will also affect how fast you can go (feed rate-wise), the faster the motor is turning, the less material the bit has to cut per turn (at the same feed rate vs. lower RPM). With the 20k RPM motor, I could get up to 800mm/min at best with good quality cuts, but the motor had low quality bearings, and usually had too much runout at high RPMs, or started "oscillating" at some specific RPMs. Do also not that the motor tends to run slower when cutting than when spinning "freely", and if you go really fast and the motor can't turn fast enough, your bit will break.
Before heading of to creating the G-code, I want to point out about the issue with the copper-plane isolation (clearance) distances I mentioned earlier, that you might also hit if you're not careful.
Copper plane isolation distance vs. generated isolation routing
Zooming in on the generated isolation routing, you'll notice that there are two sets of red-lines running through places, where there's enough room to make 2 passes. But the red lines (representing the isolation geometry tool paths) are partially "cut" or entirely missing from some portions, in this case the thermal reliefs:
The rectangular shape with corners without copper near the center of the image has only small red "curves" in the corners. The round shape above it has no isolation routing marked at all! I use thermal reliefs, or rather, KiCAD creates them unless you tell it not to, on components connected to ground plane. The idea of a thermal relief is to partially "isolate" the pad where the component connects to from the surrounding large copper area, so that the large amount of copper around it doesn't suck as much heat away from the pad while soldering. Usually, for a higher wattage (I use 75W) soldering iron and single-layer 1oz (35µm) board it's not that much of an issue (especially when using large tip), but still makes it easier. If you'd have a multilayer-board (like 4-8 layers) with ground planes going through all layers and attached by plated vias, the combined copper mass can suck so much heat that it becomes very difficult to get the pad to heat enough to melt and sufficiently attach the tin without a powerful soldering iron and large tip (the latter which might not be an option if the component is very small and/or in a tight spot).
There are (at least) four options to circumvent this issue:
• Nevermind it. In this case, this is a single layer board, I have a 75W iron and with a larger chisel-tip (like 1.6-2.4mm), it can still solder things directly to the copper plane, thermal reliefs or not. In case of this board, all the actual traces and pads do get isolated, it's just that the thermal reliefs have too low isolation distance and some of them won't get made. So I could just mill as it is and nevermind about this
• Go back to your EDA and change the settings for the copper area. In case of KiCAD and this board, this is what the settings were for the ground plane Copper Zone:
Huh? The clearance is 0.15mm, and I'm using 0.15mm as my width-of-cut, so the bit should fit there. Why isn't it creating the isolation routing then? There's actually a couple of reasons:
1. FlatCAM won't generate the cut if the space is exactly the width you defined, it would have to be at least 0.151mm or such (slightly larger), this might also be down to ever-so-small rounding errors in floating point numbers
2. The round thermal-relief shape is done in segments by the Copper Zone-tool, but the pad on top of it is round. If you look at the shape, you notice the "inner" edge is round, while the out edge is made from two "lines". The distance between these isn't exactly what you define in the Copper Zone properties across the shape
3. And then why do the "normal" traces get isolated? Because in KiCAD, the isolation around trace edges is defined under the Net Classes Editor in Design Rules. The default there is 0.2mm, and as you can see from the zoomed-in FlatCAM -screenshot, the cut there is wider than with the thermal reliefs.
So, you can go back to KiCAD (or whatever you use), make the clearances sligthly larger, rebuild your copper zone, and re-export the gerbers
For the rest of options:
• Use smaller angled bit (like 20- or 10-degree) and/or slightly less deep depth-of-cut, that way the width-of-cut won't be as large on the surface, for example 0.075mm depth of cut with 30deg/0.1mm bit = 0.1mm + 2*tan(30deg/2) * 0.075mm = 0.140192mm.
• Delete the current isolation geometry by selecting it from the Project-tab and hitting Delete -button on your keyboard (or Edit -> Delete from the top menus), re-create the isolation geometry with 0.14 Tool-dia and use 0.075mm Cut Z. Don't forget about multi-passing the depth cut if using FR4.
• If changing to a bit with different degree, calculate the width of cut based on bit angle and depth-of-cut, then recreate the isolation geometry with the new settings
• The last option is to "lie". If you don't mind having ever-so-slightly smaller traces and pads, you can tell FlatCAM that you're using a 0.14mm (or 0.149mm) width-of-cut even if you still use 0.095mm depth. The software or the machine won't know what bit you're actually using, but of course this will make your traces and pads slightly smaller (very little so, if using 0.149mm), as the geometries are created based on the assumption that only 0.14mm is removed. The difference "even" for 0.14 vs. 0.15 is so small in the end, that unless you're using really thin traces, it likely won't make that much of a difference in the end (a runout of 0.01mm would already cause that much difference even if everything else is ok)
The "lesson" to learn from this is that you need to pay mind to the clearance/isolation distances you define in your EDA (at least if using filled copper areas) against the width-of-cut, FlatCAM won't allow you to "break" them (unless you lie about the width-of-cut ;)), which is actually a good thing, so you can't screw up (as easily) by accident.
Generating the G-code
In this demonstration, I've left the slight problem with isolation width untouched. So not all of the thermal reliefs would get cut. After hitting the Generate -button in the above, another object is created, this time it's a CNC Job Object, with the ending "_iso_cnc" (meaning isolation CNC Job Object)The CNC-job object is plotted (assuming you've got the CNC Job Object plotting left enabled by default), the blue lines are where the bit is actually cutting the copper, light green lines (which can be a bit hard to see against the green Gerber Object solid-plot) are the "travel"-routes, where the milling head is lifted off copper to move elsewhere at travel feed rate (which isn't defined in FlatCAM, if memory serves, I've set it to around 800mm/min in Grbl, the firmware used in the machine):
As you can see from the blue lines, the round thermal reliefs near the top left corner are left untouched, and only small bits of the corners from the rectangular thermal reliefs are being cut. Like said, in case of this board, it's hardly an issue, but depending on your hardware etc, you may want to fix your copper zone (or use less depth or smaller angled bit, or "lie"). If there are actually traces missing cuts, then you need to do something about it (increase clearances and/or use smaller degree bits / less depth), or your board won't likely work.
There aren't any "extra" options compared to setting the defaults for CNC Job Objects:
At this point, you should just check that everything looks ok (usually the only issue for isolation routing, if there is any, is related to clearances as explained above). If everything seems alright, click Export G-Code and select where to store the g-code file.
I usually create a directory called "<project name>-gcode" under the KiCAD-project and place the G-code files there. I usually use my own naming method for the g-code files of a project, along the lines of:
• Isolation-<degrees>deg-<tip diameter>mm-<WidthPasses>passes.nc for isolation routing, in this case it would be Isolation-30deg-0.1mm-2passes.nc, although I don't always mark down the number of passes, but the bit-size is useful, in case you sometimes use different sizes and need to make another board later on from the old files
• CopperRemoval-<degrees>deg-<tip diameter>mm <OR end mill diameter>mm.nc for copper removal. So for example for copper removal with 1.0mm end mill, it would be CopperRemoval-1mm.nc, and for removal with 30deg/0.5mm bit, it would be CopperRemoval-30deg-0.5mm.nc
• Drill-<drill size>mm.nc for drilling files (one per drill size, I don't use the tool-change option like explained before), for example Drill-0.8mm.nc
• Cutout-<end mill diameter>mm-<REMOVEINNER>.nc for cutouts. The optional "REMOVEINNER"-flag relates to how I make cutouts with Edge Cuts, I'll get to that and what it means when we get to making cut outs. Typically I use 1mm end mill, so usually the file's called Cutout-1mm-REMOVEINNER.nc, or I might have left the tool diameter off entirely (because 99% of the time I use the 1mm end mill)
On top of those, there might be files for slots, more isolations (if doing separate text engravings or 2-sided board) and/or V-gooves. To be honest, I've never really done any V-grooves, but the idea is similar to cutout, except you do it in smaller depth-increments and not all the way through so you have a thin portion in the clad that you can break off with your fingers. Never had the need to do that (for multiple boards, I use Edge Cuts -cutouts that leave tabs between the boards, like seen before in the small IR-LED transmitter/receiver boards), but if the boards were really small (like < 1x1cm), I might try it some day.
The ".nc" -ending for g-code files is (AFAIK) a standard file extension used for g-code CAM files.
Phase 2: Copper removal
After finishing the isolation routing file, I want to do some copper removal for this board. There aren't any large voltages in this board (it runs with 5V DC), so it isn't strictly necessary, but can help for example when soldering SMDs, so that excess tin cannot short circuit the trace under the component by accident (if there's a small isolation cut there, enough tin can bridge the gap and cause a short). After practicing SMD-soldering for a while, it rarely is an issue.
You don't need the isolation-geometry and -CNC Job -objects anymore, so you can delete them. FlatCAM can save your projects with all the objects if you like, but I never bother, if I have to change things, I just recreate the objects with whatever settings I may need.
To delete the objects, select it from the Project-tab and hit Delete on your keyboard (or Edit -> Delete from the menus). I usually keep the front-copper gerber object there throughout creating the files (even when it isn't really needed anymore), as it acts as a good reference to view the other objects against. In this case, since we're still dealing with the copper layer for the copper removal, it's still needed any way.
With the project "cleaned" except for the .gbr -part, you again double click (or select it with single click and then go to Selected-tab) the Gerber Object. This time you want the "Non-copper regions" -part from the options in the Selected-tab. My defaults are 0.0 Boundary Margin and no rounded corners. Click Generate Geometry under the Non-copper regions, again a new Geometry-object is created in the project, this time with the name ending in _noncopper. Assuming Geometry Object plotting is enabled by default, the geometry is drawn on top of the gerber object with red lines. Go to Project-tab and select it by double clicking:
Let's assume that I want to remove all the copper from the right-hand side white area, these are the pads for the LED-bars and their front resistors. You want to use the Paint Area -tool for this. The Tool-Dia is the width of cut for the tool, if using an endmill, it's the same as the end mill diameter, for V-bit, you again calculate it based on the tip diameter and angle (= tip diameter + 2 * tan(degrees/2) * depth of cut, as you probably already remember). I've set my default as 0.55mm for 30deg/0.5mm -bit with the usual 0.095mm depth-of-cut.
The Method -selection has options for "Standard" and "Seed-based" painting, the best way to show the difference is to quote the text and use the image from FlatCAM manual:
• Tool dia: Diameter of the cutting tool.
• Overlap: Fraction of the tool to overlap each pass.
• Margin: Distance by which to avoid the edges of the polygon to be painted.
• Method: The following methods are available:
• Standard: The target polygon is shrunk by the tool diameter until no area remains.
• Seed-based: A point inside the target polygon is calculated and it is enlarged until no segment of the resulting circle intersects the target polygon.
• Polygon: Polygon defining the region to be painted. The polygon is automatically identified by specifying a point inside the polygon.
Generates a new Geometry Object with tool paths covering the whole surface of the specified polygon.
Geometry generated by the Paint Area operation applied to the same polygon using the (a) Standard Method and the (b) Seed-based method.
I've never used the Seed-based method, just the Standard-method. You may want to use larger overlap-factor than 0.15 if you want to make extra sure all the copper is removed.
So, after you check your settings are correct, you click the Generate -button under Paint Area, at which point the text "Click inside the desired polygon" appears in the TCL shell. I click anywhere inside the white portion on the right-hand side of the board, and a new Geometry-object is created with the paths for removing the copper, with messages related to the process appearing:
Painting polygon...
Polygon Paint started ...
Object (geometry) created: 595Breakout-F.Cu.gbr_noncopper_paint
The new noncopper_paint -object will contain the paths for copper removal. Do note that the polygon is continuous throughout the trace edges, so there's also removal marked for the top-right corner (even though the 0.55mm widht is too large to run between the trace edges, the polygon is continuous and any space large enough for the bit is marked for removal). There are as many paths as needed to fill the empty area, unfortunately, if not using enough overlap, sometimes small copper "islands" can be left in the middle of the paths. If this happens at the milling phase, and you definitely need to get all the copper out (if you look at the actual board made from this design, you'll notice I originally left those small islands under the resistors, as in this case they don't matter), you can return to FlatCAM and create new removal file with more overlap or add margin (so that the edges aren't milled again) and "lie" slightly about the cut diameter to FlatCAM to get it to create paths more closer to the center of the removal. Another options is to scrape the islands away with a flat-edged sharp "soldering tool" (I don't know what it's called) after the board is done and cutout, the tools look like these:
Here's an example with 0.5 -overlap factor:
Go to Project -tab, double click the noncopper_paint -object. You want to use similar settings as with the isolation routing for the copper removal, although you may want to drop the feed rate somewhat if you use a wide tip-diameter bit, as it cuts more material in one go. Don't forget to do the depth in two stages if it's FR4.
After the CNC Job Object is generated, the tool path is plotted to the view and you again export the G-code to an .nc -file, just like with the isolation routing. Or recreate it as needed, if it didn't go as planned ;)
If there are two or more separated areas (polygons) that you need to remove the copper from, you must first create the Paint Areas for them separately. You can then either continue to create separate g-codes for them, or combine the areas by selecting both noncopper_paint -geometry objects (subsequent objects with same name will have an underscore and a number appended, like noncopper_paint_1, noncopper_paint_2 ...) from the Project-tab while holding down CTRL and then selecting Edit -> Join Geometry, then do the CNC Job Object from the new combined geometry (called "Combo" in the Project-tab).
There's no text to engrave in this project, so I'll skip it for now, and add details about it to another part later. For a few quick notes, if you draw your text in the copper-layer in KiCAD, it gets exported with the front copper gerber, in which case it's engraved similarly as the isolation routing is done, but if you use multiple passes, high feed speeds etc. it can mess up your text. If you want to do fine-detailed text in the board, it's best to draw it separately to another layer (like Eco1.User), export as its own gerber and use different settings (for example, you may not want to cut it as deep, maybe just do a single pass, use slower feed and/or use a smaller angled bit to get "crisp" and thin cut along the letter outlines).
Phase 4: Drilling (PTH)
To make the G-codes for drilling, you first load the Excellon-file for your drill holes (again you can delete all the other objects, except the copper layer gbr, or at least I keep the copper layer visible throughout creating the files, just so that I see that things like drill placement are correct). Select File -> Open Excellon ... and select your drill-file (if it was exported from KiCAD, it ends with ".drl"). An Excellon Object is created in your project and plotted on top of your copper layer. The "normal" (PTH) drill-file will contain all the plated holes, which means all the holes for component and connector legs and vias. In this example project, I have a couple of jumpers running in the back, so there are 0.4mm (adjustable from the KiCAD project) holes for vias, and some typical sizes for component and connector legs (0.8 & 1.0mm), and quite unusually sized holes for the LED-bars at 0.914mm.
Now, you don't have to use the same drill-size as the original layout used. The drill-sizes come from the footprints you use, and sometimes the default footprints in KiCAD have differently sized drills than what your actual components are (for example, the Chinese Bornier-connectors usually have 1.1mm legs, but the Bornier-footprint in KiCAD has a default size of 1.5mm for the holes). You can edit the footprints in KiCAD or adjust the hole-sizes per-pad in the layout editor.
FlatCAM groups all the same-sized holes, so you can't use it to make some of your "marked as 1.0mm" -holes 0.9mm and others 1.0mm, you have to drill the holes marked with the same size in one go. Vernier caliper is a very useful tool to have to check the leg diameters of your components. Also, do note that if you use larger diameter drill for the hole than what the drill-file says, the original pad-size is adjusted for the size of the original drill diameter. That means, if you go drilling holes marked as 0.8mm with 1.1mm drill, there's much less pad "left" around the hole. If you need to go much larger than the original, it might be wise to adjust the holes in the footprints/in your layout pads so the pads get somewhat enlargened, then re-export. Usually going something like up to 0.2mm or maybe even 0.3mm larger isn't an issue yet, depends a bit on the pad size and shape (circular vs oval vs. rectangular and the minimum distance between the hole and the pad edge). Even if the hole was large enough to cut the pad in two, it's not necessarily an issue, if you solder the leg so that the solder connects the sides of the pad and it isn't for high currents. If you go smaller, then it doesn't matter, just means that more pad is left around the hole.
Here's the drill-holes plotted in red on top of the copper layer, and the Excellon Object selected (so it shows the drilling stuff in the Selected-tab, you know the usual route, double-click on the object in the Project-tab):
You have your usual plot-options, you may want to use Solid-plot if you feel like seeing the holes is hard (it will fill the circles representing the holes with solid red color). Why I keep the original Gerber Object of the copper layer in the background is to see that the holes line-up with the pads on the copper layer. If for whatever reason I would have somehow screwed up, and the drill holes were offset from the copper layer, I'd notice it immediately.
Under the plot-options, you have your Tools. This is a list of the drill-diameters used in the drill-file. You select one or more (if you want to for example do both 0.9mm and 1.0mm with 1.0mm drill, you can generate the drill paths in one go) of the tools by clicking on the column marked "#". If you want to select more than one, hold down CTRL and click all the drills you want to group into a single g-code file (ie. you intend to drill all those sizes with a single sized-drill).
The Create CNC Job -options for Excellons were gone through in the section about the default options, but for a quick recap: Cut Z is the depth to drill to, you want it to go all through your copper clad, so add something like 0.1-0.3mm to your board thickness. I've used +0.3mm (1.5mm board + 0.3mm = 1.8mm). The value needs to be negative, as the value decrements when the milling head goes downwards, thus -1.8 (from the defaults). Travel is the height the drill bit is lifted from the top of the copper clad while travelling, a positive value (you want it to go up ;)). I use a feed rate of 90mm/min as default for anything smaller than 1.5mm or so, although you also might want to make it slightly lower for really thin drills (like 0.3-0.5mm or such).
I don't use the Tool change, Tool change Z or Spindle speed -options, for reasons explained in the options section.
When your Create CNC Job -options are ok (I use almost always just the defaults I've set for these "normal" holes, as I've explained before), select one or more drill-sizes you will drill with a single drill size, and click Generate. A new CNC Job Object will be again created. As an Example, normally I'd go through the drills in the same order as they appear in the Tools-section, but let's say that I decide to drill both the 0.914mm and 1.0mm holes with 1.0mm drill, so I pick the line with 0.914mm and, holding down CTRL, click the line for 1.0mm, then click Generate, a new object gets created and plotted:
The plot shows the stages the machining head will move, with numbers at points where something happens; 1 = start, 2 = drill hole, 3 = drill hole etc., until after all the holes are drilled, the machining head will return back to origin (at Travel Z height) and the g-code execution is complete.
This is already a CNC Job Object (ending with ".drl_cnc"), so to make the g-code for it, you again just go to the Project-tab, double click on the .drl_cnc -object, hit Export the G-Code and save the g-code file (I would name this Drill-1.0mm.nc). When you load the files in bCNC, the file contents will give you no direct indication which drill or what kind of bit to use, thus I add the designations in the filenames, so I know which one I'm doing.
Then I'd remove (or at least hide the plot for this drill CNC Job Object, usually I just delete the object after exporting the G-code) and repeat the same for the rest of the hole-sizes, combining multiple drill sized to single size as I see fit, but I won't demonstrate it further here, as it basically is just repeating the same pattern:
1. Pick drill size(s) from the Tools -list
2. Check options (usually I only drop the feed rate for the NPTH-file, ie. large drills, but maybe drop the feed rate a bit for very small drills also)
3. Hit generate
4. Export the G-code from the newly created CNC Job Object with the file name indicating the drill size I intend to use (not necessarily the same as the original Excellon-file says)
5. Delete the CNC Job Object
6. Proceed to next drill-size, until all are gone through
You don't have to delete the "extra" objects at any point unless you want to (If an object with the name already exists, new ones will be named with _<number> appended after them, like .drl_cnc, .drl_cnc_1, .drl_cnc2), but I just want to get them out of the way, both for plotting purposes, but also because if I had multiple drl_cncs in the Project-tree, I might accidentally export the wrong one :P
Phase 5: Drilling (NPTH)
For me, the Non-Plated Through Holes are pretty much always the 3.2mm holes for M3 screws. The procedure is basically the same as above, except for the large-diameter drills, I change the Feed Rate to 60mm/min. Other than that, just do what you did above. If you like and use KiCAD, you could also use the "Merge PTH and NPTH holes into one file" -option, then the NPTH-holes would be in the same Tools -list with the rest of the holes. Likely you won't be through-plating the holes anyway, it would be different were you to order the PCBs from a fab-house (depending where you order, at least with EasyEda they want the PTH- and NPTH-hole files separately, so that they know which holes to plate and which not).
This board has no slots and I don't plan on using V-grooves, so we skip the phases for those. I will explain how I make the slots and at least theory of how you could do V-grooves (like said, I've never tried it) in another part.
Phase 8: Cutout
This is the last phase (in the milling project at least; you could do the g-code files in whatever order you like, I usually follow the order I do the milling in also with FlatCAM). I usually use my own Edge Cuts -layer for defining the cutout, but for demonstrational purposes, I'll first show how it can be done just using the cut out generation from FlatCAM.
Using the cutout-generation of FlatCAM
If using the cut out generation, you want to do it with your front copper layer (still the same Gerber Object you created at the very first phase). With all the other objects removed from cluttering your project, select the .gbr -object (yes, you double-click it under the Project-tab). In the Gerber Object, there're the options for Board cutout:
The options were explained when going through the default settings, but a quick recap: Tool dia is the diameter of the tool you use for cutout. You want to use an (fishtail) end mill, I typically use 1mm fishtail, thus 1.0 for Tool dia. Margin is the amount of millimeters (or inches) to leave around the board (from the outermost edges of the geometric shape you're doing the cutout for), if you need to for some reason. Here it's 0.1, which is my default setting, don't remember why I've set it there or maybe it was that when the software was first installed. Gap size is the size of tabs left, and Gaps are the amount and orientation (top/bottom, left/right, top/bottom/left/right) of tabs to leave.
Now I change the Gaps setting to 4 (top/bottom/left/right) and click Generate Geometry, a new Geometry-object with ending "_cutout" gets created. Go to that object through the Project-tab. In the Geometry Object -options, you want to this time cut through the entire board, like with the drills, but especially if you use FR4, you want to do the depth in stages. For 1.5mm board, I use the cut depth of 1.8mm (same as with drills, remember to enter the value as negative). To do the depth cut in stages, I check the Multi-Depth -checkbox, and enter 0.45 as the Depth/pass. This means that the cut is done 1/4th of 1.8mm at a time (4 * 0.45 = 1.8). Don't confuse the amount of zeroes, for isolation milling FR4, the Depth/pass was 0.0475 (slightly less than 1/20 of a millimeter), half of 0.095mm, for cutout, I cut 0.45 at a time (that's almost half a millimeter).
I also drop the feed rate to 120mm/min, as FR4 is hard, and the cut is somewhat deep (if you compare to what you do in isolation-phase). If you notice your machine struggling with this or you break a bit doing the cutout, use even slower feed and/or less depth at a time. Here's a screenshot of the settings and the cut out show in thin red lines:
After clicking Generate, you get the plot of the CNC Job Object (ending _cutout_cnc), which can then be exported to G-code. I show the screenshot of the result, notice how the cutout is done in 4 different places, leaving a very tiny tab (well, "gap") at the middle of the left/right/top/bottom edges:
Also you'll notice that the corners will be left sharp. It's hard to tell with this zoomed-out image, but there is a margin of 0.1mm left between the blue 1.0mm-line showing where the end mill will move and the edge of the shape. There's no way (at least to my knowledge) to tell the generated cutout to make the corners rounded. Also when you snap off the board from the copper clad after this kind of cutout, the tabs will leave small bits attached to the board, which you may want to file down for aesthetic purposes, other than that, I don't think they matter.
Doing the cutout from the Edge Cuts (or similar layer from your EDA, if not KiCAD)
After the couple of first boards I made, I started to use my own Edge Cuts. Not only can you make round corners, the edge cut shape may be much more complex, if for example there are some mechanical reasons for that (matching encasing contours or such). In this case, it's a simple rectangle across the edges of the board, with rounded corners, but the procedure is the same for other shapes too (after all, you define the shape in the layer, here you just make the milling path for it).
I suggest you still keep the copper layer -gerber object there to see that things align correctly. Open your Edge.Cuts -gerber file (File -> Open Gerber ...), which gets added as a Gerber Object to your project (the copper-layer is named "595Breakout-F.Cu.gbr" in my project, the edge cuts is "595Breakout-Edge.Cuts.gbr").
Selecting that object, you get to the usual Gerber Object -options, but now what? The "trick" I use is to make an isolation geometry from the edge cuts outline. You set the options to use 1.0mm (or whatever end mill size you use for your cut out) Tool dia, 1 width pass ("Width (# passes)"). The Pass overlap and Combine passes -options have no effect since you're just doing a single pass (width wise). When you hit Generate Geometry-button, you get the Geometry object (gbr_iso) for this.If you look at it closely, you'll notice something funny, we'll get to that in a bit.
Now go the created Geometry Object, and set Cut Z to -1.8 (it's likely 0.095 or whatever you've set as global default), or if you're using different board thickness, board thickness + 0.3mm or thereabouts. Travel Z of 2 is fine. Drop the feed rate to 120 (assuming this is FR4). Tool dia is 1.0 (or whatever you use as your end mill size). Multi-depth enabled, 0.45 as Depth/pass. Hit Generate.
As soon as the generated CNC Job Object is plotted, you'll notice an issue:
But, but... there are two cutting routes there! Fear not, the other one will get removed in the milling-phase. Export the G-code and name the file Cutout_<your-end-mill-diameter>mm_REMOVEINNER.nc. Now you probably know why I add the REMOVEINNER "flag" in my cutouts.
It's easy to remove the portion of the g-code that does the inner cut in bCNC's g-code editor, even if you don't know a single command of g-code. It takes literally a few seconds.Plus it's so easy to see there (in bCNC) that there are two separate cutouts, that you couldn't possibly make the mistake of starting the cutout without remembering to remove the inner cut.
To be fair, there is a "geometry editor" in FlatCAM itself, and maybe that could be also used to remove the "inner cut", but after I tried it for a little bit on couple of occasions, I couldn't make much heads or tails of it. Plus the procedure of removing the "wrong" cut in bCNC is so simple, that I don't see the point to spend time learning to use the weirdly behaving (IMHO) editor just for that.
Except for the more "special" cases of slots, text-engraving (well, that's just isolation routing with slightly different settings) and V-grooves, this is pretty much what you do with FlatCAM for each project. Once you get "used to it", you will zoom by through these phases in 5-10 minutes (assuming there are no design issues / clearance problems or such in the design) and be ready to mill the board out.
Edited by esaj
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Part 4: Milling, drilling and cutting out the board with bCNC
Milling out the board with bCNC is rather straightforward, once you learn the basic steps.
Preparing the copper clad and clamping
I use a piece of plywood as a "sacrificial plate" under the boards, so when drilling or milling through the entire board, the bits don't hit the aluminum bed plate. Some people level their sacrificial plate with the machine, I've found out that it's of little use, as the copper clads tend to have slight curvature on their own (typically between +-0.1mm..+-0.2mm), and you need a precision of <0.1mm on the depth, so you'd need auto-leveling anyway.
You should know the size of your board to know how to place the clamps holding the copper clad. In the above picture I've drawn the board edges (rounded up, it's actually a couple of millimeters smaller on both dimensions, but extra won't hurt), as the board is about 80x60mm, and the copper clad in this case is 100x100mm. It's easier to place the clamps so that they don't get in the way with the outline drawn, but you can check it with a ruler also when clamping the copper clad down. I'd suggest leaving something like 5mm or more so you won't (as easily) run the bit to the clamps by accident. The point is to make sure the copper clad stays firmly in place, while still keeping the clamps so that the mill bit won't hit them.
Some people use two-sided tape or screws the hold the copper clad in place. Screws can be handy for 2-sided boards, if you have drilled holes to the copper-clad, you can use the screws to get the position (relatively) correct after flipping the board over. Whatever works for you, although metallic clamps have the added bonus that you can attach your second depth-probe wire to it, you need an electrical connection to the copper-surface of the board or it won't work.
After clamping the copper clad in place, I usually attach the isolation tool (in this case, and for me usually, it was a 30-degree / 0.1mm V-bit) to the milling head and attach the depth-probe cables (one goes to the bit, one to the clamp, doesn't matter which is which). The depth-probe works by detecting an electrical connection (so all parts must be metal on the path) when the milling bit hits the surface of the copper clad. If you don't have metallic clamps, you'll need to attach the other wire to the copper clad surface directly. I use two wires with alligator (or is it crocodile) -clips on the end, so I can easily clip them on the bit and the clamp. The wiring for Grbl -based CNCs is one to (any) GND-pin and the other to A5 -pin (in Arduino-markings, that's PC5/ADC5, PortC.5 for ATMega328).
Starting up bCNC
When you fire up bCNC, the first things you see are an empty work area and the File -tab selected. bCNC isn't connected automatically to your CNC (unless you mark the Connect on startup -checkbox). You connect by clicking the Open -button, I've only used it with the actual CNC on Linux, and at least there it has always autodetected the correct USB-port automatically, but in case not, you may have to select the correct USB-port from the Port -dropdown menu.
In the above picture I've already opened the cutout-file, but the machine isn't connected yet. You can connect to your machine first and then load the file or the other way around, doesn't matter.
About the Controls
Once you open the connection to the machine, you can move it from the Control -tab. If you (like me) don't use limit-switches, be careful. You can easily drive the milling head to a clamp, to the copper clad surface or over the edge of the axis, which can damage your bit or the machine. Even limit switches won't prevent you from driving the bit through the copper clad if you just tell the machine to go down the Z-axis.
There's a couple of things to know (and be wary of) in the Control -tab. First of all, when you connect to the machine (or the controller has lost power and regained it), it has "lost position". The above screenshot shows the machine "thinking" it's currently positioned at X, Y, Z = 12.0, -32.0, 31.183mm (WPos, I guess it's either Working position or World position). These are just random values, whatever happens to be at the RAM -memory locations the firmware uses to store the position. MPos is the absolute "machine position", but if you'd really want to to "home" the macine, you need limit switches.
The very first thing I usually do after connection is to zero all the axes. To do that, you hit each of the X=0-, Y=0- and Z=0 -buttons. The milling head probably isn't in the correct position yet, but this is a precaution: The middle button in the center of the directional arrows at the lower part of the screenshot will drive the milling head to 0-position ("Move to Origin") by default (the action can be changed though). If you accidentally hit that, and the X, Y, Z-position values are something random, the machine will move until all of those values have reached 0. In the above screenshot example case, if the Move to Origin -button was hit, the X-axis would move 12 millimeters to left, Y-axis 32mm up and the milling head would come 31.183mm down. Depending where it is etc, you could hit a clamp, drive the bit through the copper clad or drive out of axis. So, first zero them all, then we'll get to positioning it correctly.
Secondly, the default amount to move per click of an arrow on the lower part of the screen is 10mm, and set in the right-side of the arrows. Also, your keyboard arrow keys move the head with that amount. The keyboard arrows can backfire on you badly, because if you hold an arrow-key down, it's being repeated, but the machine won't likely move as fast. So if you hold down the key so that it repeats, say, 20 times the command, and you release the key, the machine won't stop. It will run until it has moved 20 x 10mm on that axis, or you hit the emergency stop (Stop -button on the top-row, but I also have the Stop -pin of the board wired to a big red button).
The x10 -button will tenfold the current value. The %10 -button will change the value to one tenth (1/10) of current value. The plus (+) and minus (-) -buttons adjust the value by one step. For above 10mm, it changes 10mm at a time (so 10, 20, 30...), for single-digit millimeters, it adjusts one at a time (so 1, 2, 3, or 3, 2, 1 going down). Below it will adjust one tenth at a time, then one hundredth at a time etc. You get the idea. If you don't know which direction is which (I don't know if some machines use "mirrored" Z or Y), set it to 1mm (assuming there's enough space around the bit) and try each axis with the arrow-buttons.
Mostly the stuff in the State -section is rarely needed, there are different "workspaces" (you can store different settings and recall them with the G54-G59 -buttons, never needed this), Distance can be absolute or incremental, Units can be mm or inches, Tool relates to tools you can save in the Tools -tab, never used this one either, Plane selects the plane used by some special g-codes (never needed those, something about circular interpolation g-codes 02 and 03, around which plane the circle is done), Feed sets the feed rate (but this is controlled from the g-code you generate) and Mode sets the units for the feed rate. The dropdown saying Feed has options for changing what the override-slider affects, the options are Feed (feed rate)Rapid (rapid movement speed) or Spindle (spindle RPM).
If you use the spindle-control through the Woodpecker board (assuming you've got a CNC 2418 or similar with no separate spindle control) the Spindle -button will turn the spindle on and off and the slider next to it will adjust the rpm. Do note that bCNC does not automatically know how fast your spindle is, I think by default the slider goes from 0 to 12000, it's adjustable somewhere. You might think it in percentage like 0 = 0%, 6000 = 50%, 12000 = 100% of top speed, or set the correct values if you know your spindle speed. I use a separate controller for the spindle motor, if you didn't set the spindle speed in your g-code, I think it won't start automatically (don't remember anymore, I changed to separate controller a long time ago).
As a sidenote, I won't explain the Tools -tab, as it's not really needed, but there are all sorts of options for storing info about your milling bits and copper clad/material -stock etc., also tools for creating patterns, milling programs from images, text with custom fonts, playing MIDI-files with the stepper motors and whatnot. I've used the text-tools for engraving guitar pedal enclosures and played around with the other tools a bit, but they're not really needed for PCB-milling.
The steps to zero in on the copper clad I do are as follows (start conditions: copper clad is clamped, V-bit is attached to milling head, depth-probing wires are in place), I'll explain in more detail below:
1. By eye, check where you need to move (directions) and estimate by how much
2. Adjust the step-size in the Control -section to something "suitable" (ie. if you need to move about 50mm to the side, you likely don't want to do it 1mm at a time, or if you need to move very little, you don't want to move 10mm at a time)
3. Move one axis at a time and step at a time in the X- and Y- (sideways and backwards and forwards) -directions, leave the Z axis where it is (of course it should be above the copper clad and away from the clamps ;))
4. Once you get your milling head at the position you've marked at the board (or chosen on the board, if you didn't draw the outline), zero the X and Y-axis with the X=0 and Y=0 -buttons
5. Bring the Z-axis down until you're about 1-2mm above the copper clad
6. Depth-probe the tool
The red circle in the working area shows the position bCNC/the machine "thinks" it's in. In the above picture it's already zeroed, but you will notice it moving (and being way out of place at start probably, before you've zeroed anything) on the screen as you move the machine. When you zero the axes, it goes back to origin.
The 0,0,0 -X,Y,Z -position is relative to the origin you set in the EDA (like KiCAD) for the gerber-files, I use the top left corner (although you might want to use the lower left corner, as the Y increments upwards and the auto-leveling will return to lower left corner regardless of where your origin Y is).
The Set WPOS- and Move Gantry - buttons may come in handy. Set WPOS is likely needed more rarely, it can be used to check the current world-position of the milling bit by clicking on the button and then on the work-area. Move Gantry may come in handy more often if you need to move the head, like probably after the auto-levelling. It works by clicking on the button and then on a position in the work-area view, the milling head will move there the straightest route. Make sure the bit isn't against the copper clad if you do this and that it won't hit the clamps on the way.
Depth probing
Once you're in the correct position in X- and Y-axes, and have moved the Z-axis to about 1-2mm above the copper clad, zero the Z-axis with the Z=0 - button and select the Probe -tab:
There's a few settings here.
In the Common -section, you set the Fast Probe Feed (moving from one XY-position to next) and Probe Feed (speed the bit is lowered at in mm/min). 400mm/min is a good rate for sideways movement, I've used both 30mm/min and 40mm/min for depth-probing feed, both seem to work just fine. Using higher speed, there's more error as the bit still probably moves a little bit after the collision is detected, but then if the board has "play" (it bends down a bit under the bit) during actual milling, slight extra might be good (up to a point of course). TLO is tool-offset, I've always left it at 0mm, probably this is meant if you use a separate "depth-probing" tool (the round thing that comes with some machines, if you don't have it, don't worry, it's of no use in PCB milling anyway) to set the tool height from the actual surface.
The Probe -section has values for X Y and Z. The Goto -button will rapidly move to last probe location. Never used it. The Pos -settings will limit the maximum movement of the head from the 0-position. I've only set -2 in the last box (Z-axis), this means that if no contact is made before the mill head has moved to Z-position -2, the probing is aborted and an Alarm -state will be triggered.
The Center -section is not needed. Do not hit the Center -button, the machine will do some sort of circular probing, I've never tried it after I once hit it by accident and the bit was driven to a clamp :o :P
The Orient -part I've never used, so I can't tell what it does. Better not touch without reading the manual ;)
Assuming your V-bit tip is about 1-2mm above the copper clad (if it's not, move it a bit closer to prevent triggering the alarm), and you have the depth-probe wires correctly attached, hit the Probe -button. The milling head will move downwards at the rate set in the Probe Feed -box until it hits the surface of the copper clad (or an alarm is triggered). If your depth wires aren't in place, the milling head will keep trying to move until the alarm is triggered, even if it means driving the bit through your copper clad and sacrificial plate (or the Z-axis/motor clamp breaks).
Once the contact has been made and the Z-axis has stopped, zero the Z-axis with the Z=0 -button. You have now zeroed your machine on the origin of your design.
In the above pictures, the depth-probe is completed, but Z-axis not yet zeroed (the bit has gone down 1.226mm from where I first set it manually and by eye), when I hit the Z=0 -button, the software is in "sync" with the real world; this is the position I use as origin for milling the board.
You will repeat the Z-axis probing and zeroing every time you change the tool, but from this point on you already have the X- and Y-axis positioned correctly, so you just need to repeat the depth probe:
1. Remove old tool
2. Attach new tool
3. Attach depth probing wires
4. Bring the end of the bit 1-2mm above the copper clad
5. Do the depth-probing from bCNC
6. Move the Z-axis up 1 or 2mm (I don't like to leave it against the copper clad, in case I need to move it or such for whatever reason)
7. Remove probe wires (I've forgotten a couple of times, be ready to make new wires when you turn the spindle on and notice you forgot... :P)
When you're doing the initial zeroing and haven't yet auto-leveled the board, leave the probe wires attached.
Removing the extra tool path from the cutout
The probing for auto-leveling is done next, except I'll skip a bit to removing the "inner cut" from the board cutout with bCNC's. It's really easy, and I usually do it at this point (if I've never milled the same design before, if I did, I've already removed it), although any time before actually doing the cutout is just fine.
1. Go to Editor -tab
2. Select the correct block from the left-side window (the main view will highlight the path), if you did the cutout like I do, there's only a header + 3 blocks, it's either of the two first blocks
3. Hit Delete (either on your keyboard or in the top buttons)
4. Save the changes (File-tab --> Save -button, CTRL-S on your keyboard or the diskette image near the top-left corner)
I said it was easy in the FlatCAM-section... ;) The editor has other nifty features, like changing milling direction and inverting (swapping) two blocks of g-code etc. You can also expand the blocks, edit the g-code (modify/add/delete lines) if you know how (it's like writing step-by-step instructions for movement and such, if you're interested or need it, see for example https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-code#List_of_G-codes_commonly_found_on_FANUC_and_similarly_designed_controls_for_milling_and_turning
Auto-leveling is used to detect the small changes across the copper clad, so that the milling depth can be adjusted automatically during the job by the software. Remember that the copper layer thickness is only 35µm (0.035mm) for 1oz copper (and even for 3oz copper, it's still only 0.105mm), and also the width of the cut depends on how deep the bit travels. If you don't autolevel, and the copper clad has small differences in the height), you will probably end up both with cuts that are too deep (if it's on both sides of a really thin trace, the trace might get milled away) and too shallow (the cut doesn't go through the entire copper-layer, leaving a short circuit). Thus, auto-leveling is very critical to get decent boards made.
In the Probe -tab, there's buttons for Probe and Autolevel near the top. The Probe -button opens the settings for the "normal" depth-probing we did before. The Autolevel -button opens the view for autoleveling. When you go to the autoleveling-view, you notice that extra buttons appear in the top (Margins, Zero, Clear and Scan).
Margin will use the current job (file, in this case cutout) to set the margins (edges) for the auto-leveling in X and Y-axes. This is why I use the cutout-file for autoleveling, because it covers the entire work area including the cutout.
Zero will set current position as Z-zero for leveling.
Clear will remove any previous auto-leveling data, unless you want to autolevel again for some reason, don't hit this.
Scan will start the autoleveling-process.
There are similar settings in the Common -section as with the normal depth-probing. Don't change TLO or the Probe Command, adjust the Fast Probe Feed and Probe Feed if necessary (I've usually left them at 400mm/min and 40mm/min).
The Autolevel -section contains the "limits" for the autoleveling. The X- and Y-values are filled when you hit the Margins -button, you may want to adjust the Z-axis yourself. The Min-setting in the Z-axis is the alarm limit. Since my origin is usually near the clamp pressing the copper clad down, and the curvature tends to go up towards the middle of the copper clad, I set it at -1.0mm. The Max -setting for Z-axis is the travel height of the bit, 0.75mm means that the bit is 0.75mm above the Z-point I've zeroed it in. If your board was really curved, and you suspect that's not enough at the highest points (remember, the machine doesn't yet know the heights since the autolevel-probing isn't done yet), you could set it higher. Usually the curvature is something like 0.2mm or such and I haven't scraped the boards using 0.75mm travel here.
The Step -values tell the amount the head is moved by step on X and Y-axis. You change the value by changing the N -value (number of steps in each axis). In the above example, the board margins go from -0.5..mm (it's slightly to the left of the origin, as the 0 in X and Y-axes is the edge of the board, and the end mill moves slightly outside the edge to cut the board) to 78.5..mm on the X-axis, and -58.575 to 0.575mm on the Y-axis (Y-axis decrements downwards). I've set the number of steps for X-axis to 40 and Y-axis to 30 to get a fairly tight grid of about 2x2mm.
So during probing, the head will probe a point, move up to Z-max, move 2mm on the X-axis, probe again, repeat until it comes to the edge of the X-axis, move 2mm on the Y-axis and then go to the other direction in X-axis, until it has gone through the entire grid.
To do the auto-leveling (assuming you've zeroed the axes, have the probe wires attached etc)
1. Hit Margins -button (sets the X/Y min/max values from the job edges)
2. Hit Zero -button (sets current position as +-0 height), I'm not sure if this really affects much, but doesn't seem to hurt either :whistling:
3. Hit Clear -button if you're redoing the autolevel for some reason (wrong grid, need to adjusts feeds or such)
4. Adjust the step-amounts (N-value) for the grid-size you want (the value might not update if you write the number there with keyboard, hit the arrows changing it back and forth to get it to update)
5. Check that the Z-axis values are "sane", adjust if needed (the settings seem to be saved, so if you've set them once, they probably already are)
6. Hit the Scan-button
Sidenote to above, always start from X/Y 0,0 and always first clear any old data before Scanning. I don't know if newer bCNC's still have the bug, but I've had the milling head run outside the margins if started with existing data and/or outside the 0,0- X/Y -position. I've hit it a couple of times in the past with older version, but haven't tried if it still exists in the newer versions.
The auto-level probing will start from the lower left corner, if you use the top left corner as your origin, it will first move the bit to the lower left corner at the travel height (autolevel Z-max) and then start probing. The machine probes the entire grid through, and depending on how large board and how many steps you have, this might take a while. I've tried to "save time" in the past by skimping on the grid, but when you use small SMD-components, small traces and/or have otherwise detailed board, it may backfire in the form of much less accuracy in the milling (making slightly wider cuts as the depth of cut has had more throw due to curvature). During running an actual job (but not during normal manual control -moves, ie. when not running a g-code file!), the height of the milling bit is adjusted by interpolating linearly from nearest points in the grid, so the tighter the grid, the more accurate it is, but the longer it takes to auto-level.
Here's a screenshot of the autolevel scanning in progress. Do note that it has taken over 40 minutes at this point, and the current estimate is a little over 50 minutes in total, with 8 minutes 39 seconds left. The estimate is quite accurate during auto-leveling, since it's repeating the same moves all the time, but is much less accurate during an actual job, because the esimate is based on amount of code completed so far vs. time passed, and different codes take different lengths of time.
Close up on the grid after autoleveling has completed. If you look at the values, the changes are smallish (typically under 0.01mm between two steps), but grow across the board, lower left corner is at (+)0.138mm (compared to the set Z=0 -point), and the one seen in the top right corner of the view is at (+)0.235mm, a difference of 0.097mm, which is already about 2.5 times the thickness of the copper layer. Compared to the Z=0 -location, that high point is almost 7 times the copper thickness. Typically the copper clads I've used have about +-0.2mm (or 0...0.4mm, depending how you think about it) of differences in the height across the board (maybe more if you make larger boards), so the auto-leveling is really important to get good quality cuts.
After the scanning is complete, the head will move back to the lower-left corner. You don't need to do anything if you use lower left corner as your origin in your design, I'm so accustomed to using the top-left corner that I haven't changed it. If you did use a different origin, then you should move the bit to the origin. Don't immediately hit the "Move to Origin" -button in the Control -tab! It might seem obvious way to get to the origin, but unfortunately the head is moved linearly, and if the milling bit is 0.75mm above the copper clad, it will start moving to the "0"-height linearly as the origin is being approached. It also won't use the autoleveling-data, so likely it's hit the surface of the copper clad, make a scratch and then break the tip of the bit. Instead, go to Control -panel, move the Z-up a bit (just to be safe), and use the Move Gantry -button (hit it, then point at your origin). This way you will only move in XY-plane first. You don't need to hit it exactly, +-mm or a couple is just fine. After the head is near your origin, now you can use the Move to Origin -button. The head will drive the bit right at the top of the copper clad in 0,0,0 -position.
When all the "normal" job-parts after this go just fine, you won't have to use the Move Gantry or manual movement except for Z-axis when changing tools and depth-probing.
Loading the next file
Now we're ready to start the isolation milling part, so go to File -tab and Open your isolation milling g-code. bCNC has an annoying way to ask you each time you have done a depth-probe and open a new file if you'd like to save the probe. I've never done this. It's not the auto-leveling info, but the current Z-position Just answer No.
After that, if you have auto-level data, you're always asked if you want to delete it. No, you really don't. Like ever. If you want to clear the data, there's the Clear -button in the Probe -> Autolevel -section. Always just answer No to both questions (they will be asked each time you open a new file).
Since the auto-level probing was already done with the isolation milling bit, no tool change is necessary at this point. You just
1. Open the isolation file
2. Make sure the probe wires are removed, and everything seems otherwise ok
3. Turn on the spindle (from bCNC if you use the Woodpecker or similar controller, or from the spindle controller)
4. Go to Control -tab and click Start
You can follow the job on the main view. At first, the estimation for the work won't be very accurate, it gets better as the job progresses, but at first it may over- or undershoot a lot.
In the closer up picture, I've vacuumed a lot of the dust away to get a better view of what's going on.
After the job is complete, FlatCAM adds a last command in the g-code file that will return the head to origin, at the travel height you've set in FlatCAM.
Isolation completed, spindle turned off and dust vacuumed away. I usually inspect the cut quality just by eye at this point, to see if things seem off. In the early days I had to sometimes redo the cut after adjusting the Z-zero down something like 0.05mm or even 0.1mm, if it seemed it didn't go deep enough. With proper autoleveling and depth-of-cut, it shouldn't be an issue.
This board has no texts to engrave, but it does have lots of copper removal. Copper removal requires a different bit (in this case, I've made the toolpaths for 30deg/0.5mm bit). You can change the tool after or before loading the next file. Steps for changing the tool:
1. Move the X/Y-position to origin, if it isn't already there (should be if you just finished the previous job)
2. Lift up the milling head with manual control so you have enough space to detach the bit
3. Detach the old bit
4. Insert the new bit
5. Attach probe wires
6. Do depth probing
7. Zero Z
8. Lift up the bit 1-2mm
9. Remove the depth probe wires
After this, you're ready to run the next job (start spindle, Control -> Start). No auto-leveling is anymore needed, and you just need to adjust the Z-zero to correct depth each time you change tool (which from here on out, happens on pretty much every file).
Running the copper removal job:
I've vacuumed the dust away here, copper removal makes lot of it. Shouldn't have played around with the paint-area margins on the edges, mistake I've done in FlatCAM :P . Unlike normally, the copper area does not spread all across the board and there are small slivers left in top center and bottom right corner (more visible after cutout).
After the copper removal is complete, next up are the different sized drills (one file per drill). From here on out, you pretty much repeat changing the tool (including depth-probing) and loading the file for the tool (like Drill-0.9mm, Drill-1.2mm. etc) and running the job, then same for the possible slots and cutout.
Drilling in progress.
Many people have said that the drilling should be done before isolation to prevent "pad lifting" (the copper pad around the hole lifting off), but that has never happened to me. Moreover, after the drilling process your auto-level data won't be as accurate anymore, because some dust gets pushed under the copper clad during drilling. That's why isolation, text engraving and copper-removel should be done before drilling, as they require accurate auto-leveling info to make good cuts.
There's nothing special to cutting slots in bCNC (the difference is how you make the g-code, it's explained in the next post), so it's still all just
• Change tool
• Attach probing wires
• Depth probe
• Remove probing wires
• Load next file
• Run the job
Once you get it down, most part of the milling process is mainly "mechanical", just running file after file, changing tools, vacuuming in between and checking that everything's going ok.
Slots being cut and vacuumed. You'll notice I didn't drill the bigger holes with the big drills. Like I said before, I noticed that I was getting more bad cuts and found out that the motor clamp was cracked. It seems that drilling the big holes (like >=2.5mm or so) stresses the clamp a lot, and the motor started sliding slightly upwards when trying to drill those (and making bad cuts, as it was moving a little bit). Using hot air to melt the crack shut and tightening the clamp made all the difference, but now I don't feel like trying if it lasts drilling those big holes, so I just use the otherwise largest drill in the project (<=1.5mm) for the bigger holes and then enlarge them using a hand drill. The holes won't be as accurately placed when drilling by hand, but usually the big holes are for wires or M3 bolts for fixing the board somewhere, so in those cases it isn't that critical to get it down to <0.1mm.
After everything else is done, it's time to cut out the board. Again, nothing special in running the job really, all the settings are done in the FlatCAM-part.
Board being cut out at 0.45mm at a time (for 1.8mm total, 4 rounds around the edges), you can better see the progress in bCNC by using the isometric view (the view can be changed from the dropdown near the top-left of the graphical display of the job):
Just a quick screenshot taken after the fact, I'm not actually running any job here. The red cone is the milling bit, going around the board 4 times when the job is being run, going 0.45mm deeper near the left corner.
I've let the machine do the cutout, but if you suspect the board might start moving around when it's nearing the end of the cut, you may want to hold it down with something. Probably not necessary, plus you don't want the end mill hitting your finger. If you do use your finger, do note that the head will return to X/Y origin after the cut is complete at travel feed rate, which is much faster! :P
Board cut out, end mill removed, board and bed is vacuumed and the board is lifted out from the hole it leaves in the copper clad.
After taking out the board, I usually rinse it down under a faucet. If there's reason to do so, like something seems off or I want to see better, I take the board to my "light table" (basically a box with leds inside and a milky "plexiglass"-type plastic on top:
This is the board after just washing it down. At this point I notice there are small slivers of copper left at the edges of the removal areas. They're not connected to the large copper areas, but knowing that in case of this project, the top right area can have voltages up to 150V, I want to remove those. Also maybe should have used more passes / more overlap on the isolation, as there are small copper slivers left between the traces and pads here and there. At least on the clads I use, they've never come off on their own, but I want to be extra sure that no shorts can occur, so in case of this board I scraped them off with a sharp metal scraper and also sanded off the edges of the removal areas.
Board sanded first with 1000-grit wet sandpaper, removing excess copper from a couple of isolations + sanding off edges left by too wide copper removal margin (using 120-grit paper there to scrape off the copper). I later on enlargened some of the holes with hand drill (for reasons explained above, I didn't drill the large 2.5mm and 3.2mm holes with the machine).
Of these, only the 1000-grit sanding is usually necessary, and when the cuts are good, even that can be skipped (but you get better contact with lightly sanded surface). I also usually wash the surface before soldering with isopropanol (IPA) and an old toothbrush with the bristles cut short to get rid of any grease from my fingers or such.
Quick steps for 1-sided board leaving out details:
1. Attach copper clad
2. Attach isolation bit
3. Open Cutout -file
4. Zero X & Y to the origin, check that board fits on the clad without milling bit hitting anything
5. Depth-probe
1. Optional: Remove "inner" cut from the cutout
6. Do autoleveling
7. Load Isolation -file
8. Run the isolation job
9. Vacuum
10. Load next job file (copper removal, drills, slots, cutout)
11. Change bit (if needed, maybe you have more than one file with same bit)
12. Depth probe (if bit was changed)
13. Run the job
14. Vacuum
15. Repeat steps 10-14 until you're ready
16. Remove the milling bit
17. Remove the board
18. Wash/sand the board
Edited by esaj
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Part 5: Slots, text engravings, V-grooves, 2-sided boards, multiple copies of a board in one go
The way I make slots is by first drawing them on the Eco1.User or Eco2.user -layers (these are "free for use" -layers in KiCAD, but you could use whatever layer you need to) using lines and arcs, just like with the Edge Cuts.
Close up on a few arcs and a line drawn to Eco2.User -layer in KiCAD. You might wonder why I want to cut such slots on the board. These are high voltage traces, with voltages that may be well above 100V. While there's about 1mm of isolation distance at minimum, I still want to add further slots cut there where the distance is lower for additional creepage distance to be extra safe. The name of the project, "ElectronicLoad", is a bit misleading, as this is only a part of the entire device (this is the OVP, OverVoltage Protection, circuitry).
I plot the layer along with the F.Cu- (Front copper) and Edge Cuts- into a gerber, the process is the same as explained in Part 2, with the exception that that additional layer is selected also.
During the "usual" process of creating the G-codes in FlatCAM, I make the tool paths for the slots as follows:
Open the gerber-file for the layer containing the slots (as explained before, I keep the front copper always open so I can see that things line up correctly).
On the Gerber Object of the slots, I make isolation routing with following settings:
So single width (you don't want to do multiple width-passes, unless you need to cut a larger slot but don't have big enough end mill), but I "lie" and claim that the tool dia is 0.001mm. Why? Because the isolation will trace the contours (edges) of those arcs and lines, not the middle. By claiming that I use a really, really thin bit, the generated path will hug the shapes closely.
The thin red line around the arc shows the tool path.
If you'd need to make very precise slots (size-wise), you could change the arc and line widths in your tool, for example KiCAD uses a default of 0.2mm for arcs and lines:
So whatever tool-size I use, it will move around the shape at about 0.1mm (half of item thickness) away from the center of the shape. If I needed to make really precise slots, I'd set the item thickness to something like 0.01mm or whatever really small value, but I've never had the need to.
Once you've generated the Geometry Object with the Isolation Routing, you want to use slower feeds and cut the depth in stages (at least with FR4), just like with edge cuts:
I've set the Cut Z (total depth) to 1.8mm (for 1.5mm board), always remember that it's negative, "normal" 2mm Travel Z, feed rate of 120mm/min and Tool dia is still 0.001. The cut is done in multiple passes (depth-wise), in this case 0.3mm at a time, for a total amount of depth passes of 1.8mm/0.3mm = 6 total passes depth wise. In this case, I've planned to use 0.6mm end mill, for a total slot width of 0.8mm (the center of the tip moves along the edges of the 0.2mm thick arc/line, and the edges of the tip are 0.3mm away from the center: 2 * 0.3mm + 0.2mm = 0.8mm, or simply, the real end mill diameter + thickness of the line/arc in the gerber). The feed speed needs to be low and the thinner bit you use, less depth you should cut at one go, as those thin "needle-like" end mill break very easily during sideways cutting if you go too fast or too deep in one go.
After you hit Generate on the Geometry Object, the CNC Job Object is created. The main view will show the generated tool-path in blue:
If you like, you can better see how wide the cuts are by setting the real Tool dia in Plot -options of the CNC Job Object and hitting Update Plot (this only affects the drawing of the toolpath, not the generated G-code or such).
Here's how wide the final slot-cuts should be with 0.6mm end mill. Also remember that you want to use end mill, not a V-bit or drill for making slots.
Once you're happy with the result, hit Export G-code on the CNC Job Object and save the g-code file (I usually name these Slots-<end mill diameter>mm.nc.
Edited by esaj
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@esaj wow a complete course ? thank you.
Number one reason for me for not etching boards was young children and dangerous chemicals (I also gave up doing colour photo developing and printing for the same reasons - ironically technology has superseded that as well now!)
As a result, if I cannot build it on a Veroboard it tends not to get built - It had never occurred to me to consider a CNC machine and dust Is not an issue now as I do a fair bit of woodwork that involves lots of sanding of quite exotic woods so I have good dust extraction and a powered respirator (https://www.axminster.co.uk/axminster-apf-10-evolution-powered-respirator-101809?gclid=CjwKCAjwwo7cBRBwEiwAMEoXPEOgfr16_YyGCr0NgGjy10IqIVaEYLTi0lwYmGYfDDiHDn88PYSQFBoCjrQQAvD_BwE - a ridiculous amount of money for something so simple and a spare battery which seems to have 4 off 18650 cells in it is £100 - God only knows why they want to price safety gear out of the market?)
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This tutorial now should contain enough information to get normal 1-sided boards done without much hassle. Also removed some notes and some other off-topic stuff (mostly by me) to clean this up a bit, and some off-topic from other people, sorry about that :whistling:
I'll try to get around to write about the more special cases (engraving, 2-sided boards, multiple boards in one go) at some point.
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Finally the replacement Z-axis is on its way, I think I paid through the nose for it (around 68€ with shipping and taxes, an entire new machine with everything can be had for about 2.5 times that), but thought it'd be better to get a new full assembly rather than trying to 3D-print and assemble one myself with all the bearings etc, or getting an entire new machine. Once I get the part and replace the cracked Z-axis, I'll get back to prototyping my own projects and try to update the missing bits of this tutorial (grooves, 2-sided boards...). Also added a warning about the Z-axis (or rather just the spindle clamp) durability in the tutorial.
In a longer run, I'm considering upgrading to a whole new machine, namely the CNC 2030 with full steel frame and Z-axis assembly, and 400W spindle:
What's holding me back on that for now is the price, the total price with shipping and taxes is about 900€...
Edited by esaj
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On 9/8/2018 at 8:34 PM, esaj said:
Esaj, I have been using (and tuning) my 2418 for over a year now. Yet there were still things you covered that I had missed (Z axis accuracy/step size, for example). This is an absolutely brilliant tutorial, and I am looking forward to the double-sided tips and tricks, too. When I get my new 52mm low-runout spindle-motor-mod finished I will make sure I post that here.
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11 hours ago, trevmar said:
I've received and installed the new Z-axis assembly and milled a single board successfully since, but haven't had the time or energy to do much else lately. I'll try to get around to add the missing bits & pieces at some point, but can't promise when that'll be.
For a short overview of doing double-sided, the problematic thing is getting the board aligned correctly as you flip it. Some people use double-sided tape (don't recommend it though, at least in my experience the copper clad can move during milling with that), or mill a slot on the sacrificial plate (the wood block or such under the board) that's exactly the same size as the copper clad or final board.
Instead what I've done in the past is use the 3.2mm holes already existing on my design (smaller would work also if you have small wood screws), so that after the first side is done, I've used a separate drilling g-code so that smaller holes are drilled at the middle of the 3.2mm holes but go deeper into the sacrificial plate. When you flip the board over, you can screw it on and the position stays correct (assuming your screws are the "correct" size for the holes on the board, so that it can't move). Of course you need to be careful to get things correct, like mirroring the back side properly (and then flipping the board over the correct axis so your mirroring goes right during milling ;)). For that I need to write more exhaustive instructions at some point, but you can probably get the hang of it yourself, check out Tool -> Double-Sided PCB Tool in FlatCAM menus, which in current version also has options for making alignment holes if you don't want to use any in your actual board area (in that case, don't cut it out until both sides are otherwise done, for obvious reasons :P). You give the alignment hole positions as a list of one or more (x, y) -pairs in relation to the origin. Alignment holes outside the actual board design are better, as then you can also run full auto-leveling on the other side without having to watch out the bit hitting the screws holding the board.
This was a simple case where the backside only acts as one large ground plane, and I just needed to remove copper from around some of the holes for through hole pins that weren't meant to connect to the ground plane. It's a bad example in the sense that I've drilled the holes already on the top layer, those should be done last if you want to auto-level both sides.
There's a lot of small holes as I wanted to connect the ground planes of both sides (and went a "bit" overboard with the amount ;)) by soldering small pieces of copper wire between the sides, this was an amplifier stage for a signal generator that goes up to 180MHz.
6 hours ago, ir_fuel said:
I just order PCB's online :p
Yeah, Chinese fab houses are pretty cheap, and it's nearly impossible to do similar boards at home (with all the through-plated holes and vias, multiple layers, soldering masks, silk prints etc.). CNC is handy for simpler single board projects and fast prototyping (and testing that your design works before you order a set from a fab house :P), but if I need more than a few boards (depending on size, I did make around 40 of those small IR-receiver/transmitter boards just by milling), I don't have the patience or the time to mill them all out, so then it's just a prototype + rest of the boards come from a fab.
Edited by esaj
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2 hours ago, esaj said:
I order at a place that has them produced in eastern Europe. You just pay for how fast you want them. I once had 150 units in 3 business days on my doorstep. I also ordered protoype versions without silk screen. Those I also had in 3 days, but in that case we are talking 20 euros a piece :D If you can wait up to 7 business days it is a lot cheaper.
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@ir_fuelI am currently milling microwave circuits on Rogers 5880 microwave laminate, which is PTFE-based and only 7mil (.2mm) thick. At millimeter-microwave frequencies I can use nothing else (20mil FR4 stops working at about 20GHz). I haven't been able to find a Chinese (or local) PC house interested in making me prototypes. Most of them do not have the microwave substrate available, let alone the paper-thickness boards..
@esaj Yes, I center the origin on the double sided artwork, and then drill four perimeter holes equidistant just off the edge of the board. Then I only have to worry about reversing the artwork for the back. I found it helps if you drill via holes (etc) before flipping, as then you can instantly see if you are cutting the backside in the wrong places. I use 0.8mm copper rivets for the through-hole vias :)
Edited by trevmar
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On 2/26/2019 at 8:18 AM, trevmar said:
I have no idea what you are building but it seems not something I would understand anyway :lol:
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Looks like I found the limit of the machine tolerances on the CNC.
These were supposed to be 0.3mm traces, and I already had to pull a couple of tricks to get these done:
Yup, that's around 0.1mm traces there, or around 4 mils. Most fab-houses set the limit at 6-10 mils (around 0.15-0.25mm, mil = thousandth of an inch)... But like said, these were supposed to be 0.3mm. There's enough run-out to make the actual cuts somewhat wider... in this case, a 20-degree bit was used with a depth of 0.95mm, which should mean around 0.133mm wide cut at top level, but in practice the bit "wiggles" around enough to make the cut wider. I've managed to get less runout in the past, but usually ran into other troubles... Using less cut-depth might work to make the traces wider. Still, surprised at the consistency of the traces, but this is pretty much very near the limits of the machine. The footprint is for a MSOP-10 with powerpad.
Edited by esaj
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19 hours ago, esaj said:
After I mounted a near-UV laser on my 2418 CNC to burn black paint off PCBs, I observed 3 "furrows" being burnt across a 0.1mm gap. I set the Coppercam "hatches" spacing to 0.033mm and got the same pattern - 3 'furrows' across 0.1mm.
Now obviously the laser focus is superb, but aside from that, I have seen more precision that you are getting, and I assume it is due to motor mass and inertia. I have just bought a low-vibration 52mm motor with less than 0.1mm runout, and when I get it mounted up I will post my observations here. Thanks for letting us know what you see.
Incidentally, it is simple to replace the CNC stepper motors with 0.9 degree units, 400 steps per revolution, and just reprogram the parameters in the Woodpecker GRBL board. This gives double the resolution, something I have only needed on my Z axis.
(ps: the laser I used was "GUUQA Blue Purple Laser Module 405nm 500mw Focusable for 3D Printer/CNC Engraving/Laser Engraving 12V" from Amazon)
(pps: I odered the mount for the 52mm motor from Thingiverse: https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2719169 )
Edited by trevmar
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3 hours ago, trevmar said:
Yeah, the motor + bit vibration is what causes the too wide cuts, not the machine axes. If you look at it, the cuts are straight and the trace width is pretty uniform, so the axes are running straight and true... probably I shouldn't have used to word "tolerance" really, but 0.5mm pitch components seem to be near the limits of what I can do reliably. I ran another board today, with slightly different settings (slower cuts, first with 30-deg 0.1mm bit at 100mm/min, then again with 15-deg titanium 0.1mm bit to clean up). This time the traces are closer to 0.2mm:
There's copper "slivers" left behind, but usually they're relatively easy to clean off or might just come off simply by rinsing the board under faucet with some water pressure. Next time I need to cut this small footprints, I might go just with the 15-deg bit + "lying" about the cut width in FlatCAM so that it runs in the middle of the pins to see if it gets close enough to 0.3mm. It's not the machines "fault" as such, or even a machine tolerance issue, just the runout on the bit + motor.
Here's what the earlier board with 0.1mm traces looks like after assembly:
The resistors and capacitors are 0603's, except for the bigger cap on the right side of the chip (0805). The sticky looking stuff in the cut grooves is flux I haven't cleaned off yet...
I burned the mosfet of the original Woodpecker-board enough times before with a higher powered motor, so I don't use it anymore :P Mine's currently running with Arduino Uno + CNC-shield with Pololu-drivers (set at 1/16th step) and a custom-made spindle driver.
Tempting, but if I can save enough from what I get paid for this project, I might be going for the all-steel frame CNC next... :)
Edited by esaj
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Hi, just thought, it might be of interest in the assembly section. The linear bearing supports on the moving table need to be rotated 180deg to obtain maximum travel of the table since they are longer in one direction, if that makes sense? .I assembled my 3020 table as shown in the photo but the bearing supports hit the guide rod supports before full 'Y' movement could be achieved.
Cheers ......Mike B
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On 9/9/2020 at 10:08 AM, Blakus said:
Cheers ......Mike B
Good point, never actually thought of that before. :D The largest copper clads I've used are 160x100mm, so never noticed as it's smaller than the maximum travel, but for anyone needing the maximum travel, rotate the four corner bearing supports 180 degrees compared to this:
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The immune system is very important when it comes to disease prevention. The decrease in immunity function makes you more vulnerable to conditions caused by bacterial, parasitic, fungal and viral infections. It also increases the risks of cancerous growth inside the body.
Various external influences can weaken our immunity. Every person who takes care of his/her health should know things that may have a negative effect on immunity. This is extremely important now, during a pandemic.
1. Sedentary lifestyle
Moderate physical activity increases blood flow. This promotes the process of removing toxic waste out of your body. Increased blood flow also raises the white blood cell level. Even a short 30 minutes walk a few times a week can help your immune system work better.
2. Poor diet
Prolonged consumption of sugary foods and foods containing chemical additives can weaken the immune system. It makes you more vulnerable to different viral infections and chronic conditions. Three cans of sweetened drinks (about 100 g of sugar) hampered the ability of white blood cells to fight infections for up to 5 next hours.
A healthy diet must consist of plenty of vegetables, whole grains, and fruits. Taking a vitamin supplement or stem cell therapy may boost your immune system ability to fight infections.
3. Dehydration
A good hydration level is vital for human health. Liquids help eliminate byproducts of different illnesses and help the immunity fight infection. Dehydration affects the body’s ability to get rid of toxic waste.
4. Isolation
Social distancing is associated with higher risks of mental conditions like depression. Depression increases stress level. This affects our immunity and decreases its main function to resist infections.
If you can’t leave your home to meet friend use all other possible methods to do this. Video chat or a phone call can help you decrease the negative effects of social distancing.
5. Certain medications
Some medications are full of toxins that we put into our bodies. Their excessive use leads to a decrease in the immune system function. For example, people who take antibiotics have low levels of cytokines. This is a signaling hormone that mediates and regulates immunity and inflammations.
If your immunity is depressed, it increases your chances to catch the infection in the future.
6. Lack of sleep
Lack of sleep can make your immune system weak. Not sleeping enough doesn’t give your body a chance to rebuild. Poor sleep is associated with a reduced number of white cells in the blood. White blood cells help our body fight infections. People who don’t get enough sleep at night are more likely to catch a common cold. Good health requires you to get good sleep at night.
7. Smoking
Cigarettes contain thousands of chemicals that are extremely toxic to our bodies. Getting into our organisms these chemicals suppress the immune system function. Even secondhand smoke affects your immunity. It can exacerbate allergy symptoms and provoke asthma attacks.
8. Medical conditions
Various medical conditions can affect your immune system’s ability to fight viruses and infections. Some underlying diseases like diabetes, malnutrition or HIV may result in weakened immunity.
Autoimmune diseases like lupus, sclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis also weaken the body’s response to real dangers. They cause the immune system to attack healthy cells.
9. Stress
Stress has a major influence on our immune system. Chronic stress raises cortisol levels. This reduces the production of prostaglandins. This hormone-like substance aimed at control of muscle contractions, blood vessels constrictions, blood pressure, and inflammation. This substance also supports our immunity. Chronic stress increases your risks of cold, flu, heart disease, diabetes, and other serious diseases.
By practicing activities that reduce your stress you can prevent your body from going into chronic stress mode- putting your immune system at risk.
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Pure Hebal Immunity Blend
need develop extra techniques in this regard, thank you for
sharing. . . . . .
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December 15, 2010
Pharmasphere Cheat Notes
January 1, 2008: Pharmasphere wins the bid for $1, although abutter bid $50,000. Reason being the project was larger in scope and was too start that Spring.
Spring, 2008; No Building going on..
September, 2008: Steve Crane (think that was his name from the City) presents an LDA (Land Disposition Agreement) to the SWIP (South Worceser Industrial Park) task force that gives Pharmasphere 2 years to take title to the property because they were having trouble getting finances. I state my opposition.
Next two years: Pharmasphere does not take title to property, does not pay one penny in taxes and does maintain the property.
September, 2010: LDA expires, but Pharamasphere is given more time
Januarym, 2011: It will be three years since this parcel was awarded for $1.
Jahn said...
Did you write those cheat notes on the palm of your hand? Lordie, what would the Xaverian Bro's say :)
Bill, I bought an expensive Christmas gift for Pualie. I trust he is still alive?
Tracy Novick said...
This came up at last night's Council. Did you see it? If not see the WoMag liveblog, 8 pm (
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Plastic Pollution
December 15 2011
How To Trim The Plastic When Grocery Shopping
by Bill Hickman
Day Without A Bag is today and the focus is to avoid carryout bags in favor of remembering your reusable bags. It’s the easiest way to Rise Above Plastics at the grocery store, but just the tip of the plastic iceberg. Here are some other tips to help trim the plastic:
1. Choose bulk items whenever possible and bring your containers from home to be filled. Everything from pasta to granola to nuts to honey to shampoo and other products can be found in bulk at certain stores.
2. Refuse produce bags. Most produce does not require to be bagged. If you need a bag, there are reusable bags created specifically for produce.
3. Snacks, cereal and other items come in a plastic bag, what can you do? Try to make your snacks and cereals from bulk items. Or, use the empty bags to pick up the dog poo, line the small trash basket, etc.
4. Many people love bottled drinks, but you can make most of them from home for a fraction of the price. Teas, lemonade and similar drinks have been made at home for ages and you can also make soda and sparking water from home with items like the Soda Stream.
5. Choose items wrapped in paper rather than plastic when possible. Bars of soap have less packaging then liquid soap and you can look for ones with no labels or minimal packaging.
6. Pass on bioplastics. In some ways bioplastics are a step in the right direction, but in most ways they act just like regular disposable plastic. They generally require commercial compost facilities to break down and it’s likely that very little bioplastic makes it there. When recycled, if bioplastics are commingled with regular plastics they can potentially contaminate the whole batch. Some grocery stores tout that it’s ok to prepackage produce now because the packaging is compostable. Baloney!
7. Avoid microplastics. This one can be a bit harder since they are so small. At the grocery store, microplastics can be found in some health and beauty products hidden as an exfoliant. Look for an ingredient called ‘polyethylene‘ which are too small to be filtered out at wastewater treatment plants.
8. Shop at farmers markets and bring your bags! Farmers markets typically provide unpackaged, local whole foods at their finest. You can pass on plastic and reap other environmental benefits when keeping it local.
9. Just say no to bottled water. Why pay for something that you can get for free? If you don’t like the taste of your tap water you can install at filter and fill your stainless steel reusable bottle for much cheaper than bottled water over time.
10. What to do with items like milk and juice? That can be a tough one as glass milk bottles seem to be a thing of the past. Personally, I go for plastic bottles over paper/plastic/composite cartons because they are much easier to recycle.
Do you have any more suggestions? Add them in the comments section.
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https://www.surfrider.org/coastal-blog/entry/how-to-trim-the-plastic-when-grocery-shopping
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Route Maps & Schedules
In addition to “print” route schedules and maps, we also produce “digital” versions which can be downloaded to a phone or computer, and are desktop printer friendly so patrons can manage their important information with relative ease.
%d bloggers like this:
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Renewed ElarScan A2 remains an affordable and effective scanner for business digitalization
The multimillion army of office scanners has long won institutions all over the world. Today, flatbed document scanners and multifunction devices (MFPs) surprise no one — they live in every office. But for fastened documents and any materials in the binding there is a special class of scanning equipment — planetary scanners, among which the new ElarScan A2 stands out since it combines performance and versatility with economy.
Rooted in libraries
Rooted in librariesThe development of planetary scanners was leveraged by the need to digitize books in libraries. Scanning library materials on flatbed scanners is inconvenient and non-feasible due to book back damage and extremely poor performance. As a rule, books, especially old ones, do not open completely, or sometimes readers are even forbidden to do so. The libraries needed a device for safe scanning of books that could not be fully opened. These inventions became decisive in shaping the final appearance and functionality of modern planetary scanners. Mass production of planetary scanners started, technologies have been refined and the basic requirements for this class of devices have been identified.
Paper strives to digit
Today, despite the development of electronic business processes, the volume of paper documents often grows. In many industries, due to legislative requirements or the specifics of activity, it is simply impossible to reject paper documentation. In order to increase the efficiency of information management, various companies and institutions urgently need to digitize both new documents and accumulated archival materials. It is particularly difficult to scan stapled and bound papers and all kinds of laced documents. That is why multipurpose and high-performance devices are needed that are capable of ensuring high quality, speed and convenience of daily digitization.
Professionals have specific requirements
Earlier, to solve these problems, companies looked for office scanners. However, all sorts of multifunctional devices and «document cameras» are inconvenient since they do not have a book cradle for such work. However, many models of planetary scanners originally made for high-quality «archival» digitization of rare books and valuables in archives and libraries are simply not feasible to use in offices because of their high price (up to hundreds of thousands of dollars and even higher), slow performance, and excessive characteristics.
Obviously, a corporate office, a bank, a town hall, or an insurance company needs economical planetary scanner, which should be a convenient alternative to office devices but remain a planetary scanner with the advantages of this class of technology. For many years, professional equipment manufacturers have ignored the market demands. The progress of digital cameras in the 1990s has led to numerous attempts to build up own-made copy-stands using a camera on a tripod and a computer with self-made or simple driver software. Such DIY devices are of course unsuitable for professional use.
How to make a great scanner? First, digitize a 100 km high stack of papers.
How to make a great scanner? First, digitize a 100 km high stack of papers.The first original ElarScan was introduced in 2013, its development was based on the many years of experience of ELAR Corporation (founded in 1992) in the production of professional scanning equipment and the digitization of vast amounts of documents — ELAR has digitized at least half a billion (!) paper documents in 25 years. Naturally, ElarScan has absorbed all the best and has become a kind of a «dream scanner» designed not only to satisfy the customers but also to re-equip the company’s own huge «ELAR digitization factory».
With the production volumes growing, ElarScan became able to ensure the availability of industrial devices of this class for a wide range of professional consumers. ElarScans confirm their leadership and quality by hundreds of implementations as well as continuation of sales growth. Note that the new customers are advanced commercial organizations. Currently, many representatives of the business and financial industries reduce their costs and move to digital. They centralize corporate services, introduce unified service centres and equip them with high-performance ElarScan planetary scanners.
How Elarscan saves money
How Elarscan saves moneyA top-20 Russian bank introduced a planetary scanner to digitize bound documents and stopped using flatbed and multifunction printers (MFPs). The effect was impressive: apart from the convenience of work, productivity increased, the amount of documents registered and filed in the accounting system increased by 40% over one month. Employees began to work faster. In addition, the bank reduced OPEX and the salary payments eliminating the involvement of staff on days off. The cost of scanning per page decreased by more than 13(!) times.
Expanding applications and industries
The demand for universal planetary scanners is also growing in the public sector. Federal bodies, municipalities, registration services, public offices efficiently fill up their databases and registries, improve a quality of service through professional digitization of bound and large-format documents, incoming and archived records.
According to statistics, about 2,000 professional planetary scanners are sold in the world in a year. Based on the results of 2016, the Russian market value is about 10% of the global one. ELAR predicts the increase of sales not only due to export growth (primarily to traditional fields of archival projects, libraries, museums and reading rooms of universities) but also due to the increased use in municipal services and corporate offices.
Elarscan’s simple scanning rules
If a document can not be unbound to apply sheet-feed scanners, then the scanner should see it from above, and the original should be placed face up. Thus, operator sees what he scans, there is no need to pick up and turn over the document to flip the pages, lifting up a ton of paper per shift — unlike using any flatbed scanners or MFPs.
Elarscan’s simple scanning rulesThere is no need to have separate scanners for photographs, passports, albums of drawings, maps, painted papers, etc. , no need to take a photos of dimensional 3D items: even when they all are mixed in collection, a universal ElarScan can easily scan them — simply plug it in. A built-in computer running professional ELAR ScanImage software controls the scanner, functions and projects, includes a rich set of post-processing filters and output formats, including the creation of multi-page PDFs with text recognition for 49 languages, etc. You can send ready-to-use collections or electronic folders of checked, modified, and indexed documents directly from the scanner to the server and the Internet.
For comfortable work, the scanning time itself should be much less, than time needed to turn the page over or replace the original. ElarScan has precise laser focusing and high-quality scan takes only a second.
When digitizing documents, it is often necessary to get the maximum possible magnification of a single fragment or an important element. Buttons controlling the macro-module on the front panel of ElarScan allow enlarging a fragment or an object to the maximum optical resolution in a second.
Stylish look and excellent ergonomics
ElarScan is constantly improving but the years 2017-2018 have become special. In collaboration with the famous design studio, ElarScan created a new design that fundamentally changed its appearance. The sensor console made the scanner control very user-friendly and intuitive, and the cradle became even more versatile and reliable.
Stylish look and excellent ergonomicsNew modifications appeared including the FGM (flattening glass-motorized) model with automatic contact glass and motorized cradle. It is a new level of speed and ergonomics of digitizing bound and book originals, including precious and misshaped historical papers.
Advanced and renewed remains affordable
The manufacturer has managed for several years not to raise the ElarScan price at the same time providing fundamental improvements, design upgrades, and new major professional firmware releases. In the future, at least inflationary price increases are inevitable, but for the time being, the vendor’s aspiration to expand sales and maintain ElarScan’s position as «the most affordable and versatile of powerful professional» scanners remains fundamental. We’ll see what time will do.
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https://www.elarscan.com/cz/renewed-elarscan-remains-affordable/
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Ah, autumn. Leaves fluoresce in one last magnificent color before fading away for the Winter, the weather begins to have a chilled nip, a light breeze occasionally gusts, and you’re reminded that the snowfall of later isn’t so far away. Autumn is the perfect time to enjoy the outdoors with friends. Maybe go camping, have a fire, roast some marshmallows, and have some good time. Or better yet, watch some anime. Here are some perfect autumn anime to watch while enjoying all that Fall has to offer.
5 Centimeters Per Second
5 Centimeters Per Second is a short movie (clocking in at around 60 minutes) created by Makoto Shinkai, who you may know for also making Your Name. The movie is split into three interconnected parts, all centering around Takaki, a young man we see grow up and come to terms with feelings of longing. The film also employs the feelings and moods each season conveys to amplify the emotions of the characters. Combined with a soft soundtrack and of course the beautistic style of Shinkai himself, and to be honest, you’ve got quite the tear-jerker on your hands. If you were a fan of Your Name, you’ll probably love this film as well. So sit back and enjoy the movie, and afterwards, maybe have a deeper appreciation for the changes that light autumn breeze may bring.
The King’s Avatar
Okay, while not technically anime, as it was developed by a Chinese studio, The King’s Avatar is no slouch of a show. It has the unique style of blending really well done 3D rendered scenery with the traditionally animated characters. Style aside, King’s Avatar takes place in the snowy seasons of China, in a very real modern day. Much more light hearted than the previously mentioned 5 Centimeters Per Second, King’s Avatar centers around a fallen esports star who must work his way back to the top of the world. The main character has to face the adult world, like finding a normal job, something foreign to him as esports had been his life up until that point, and all the struggles and learning that comes with. It of course also promotes sheltering inside from the cooler weather and just hanging out, playing some video games. Something that is always encouraged here at Culture of Gaming.
Log Horizon
“Because SAO is for casuals”. All kidding aside, and most notably here the second season, Log Horizon seems to adapt a different tone as the seasons in the show change, with the fall and winter seasons yielding the most trials and tribulations for the characters. Log Horizon is a much more traditional isekai than its closest rival SAO, and a fair amount of people enjoy it all the more for that fact. Instead of trying to escape the world, the characters of Log Horizon just try to make it livable, and try to find the beauty in the world around them. Enjoying each other, and the ever changing world they were placed in. Log Horizon is also incredibly heavy in character development. No character remains static in all aspects. From the beginning to end, some characters are fundamentally different, while some may just have a new chip on their shoulder. Much like an actual video game, Log Horizon is a show where you can see the progression of the characters and the world.
Blend S
Smile. Sweet. Sister. Sadistic. Surprise. Ah yes, moe slice of life. How better to spend the season than watching cute girls do cute things? Blend S is an incredibly easy to watch anime, with very distinct and relatable characters who’s mere interactions with each other are entertaining. And of course, who could forget the memes the intro spawned? Memes aside, Blend S was able to refresh its genre quite effectively, as it doesn’t necessarily do anything new, it just does things really really well, and knows how to set up its situations perfectly. Blend S is the perfect show to watch alone or with friends alike.
Your Name
This is the big one. As aforementioned, Your Name is perhaps the magnum opus of Makoto Shinkai’s career. Your Name has all the makings of a great movie. Incredible music, beautiful set pieces, and characters that feel absolutely alive. The movie is a great watch for Autumn as so many of the events in the film simply correspond to the season we’re currently in. A not insignificant portion of the film takes place in and around the town Itomori’s autumn festival. Aside from the real correlations, by the end of the ride that is Your Name, you’ll be left with plenty of feelings. Maybe happy, maybe sad. Either way, from this film, perhaps a new perspective on various emotions will come about. A perspective that may require some reflection. Your Name doesn’t cater to the mind, it caters to the heart. Instead of exploring a thought, it explores a feeling. If you’ve yet to see the absolute phenomena that Your Name is, I cannot recommend it enough.
Yuru Camp
Comfy. That is the word that perfectly sums up Yuru Camp. As previously mentioned, Autumn is perhaps the greatest time of year to go enjoy camping and the outdoors with friends. Yuru Camp perfectly embodies this activity, as it follows a group of girls and their various adventures in the Japanese campgrounds. The show even sparked a new found exploration of that activity in Japan, whereas the show was airing and rising in popularity, many Japanese outdoors companies experienced a record amount of sales due to audiences being inspired to go out and try camping after watching the show. Perhaps the show’s greatest success comes from the landscapes it showcases, telling the audience “look at what you could see out there!”. Yuru Camp also features various real life tips to employ while camping, like how to get kindle materials for a camp fire, and some of the gear you’ll need. All of this is blended together by a calming and wondrous soundtrack, perfect to listen to while around a fire, and makes for the perfect Autumn anime.
So which of these will you watch? Which of these have you may have watched? Or anything that didn’t make the list? Let me know in the comments below.
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https://cultureofgaming.com/perfect-autumn-anime/
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Kim Jong Il, the enigmatic and combative man who led North Korea since 1994, died Saturday at age 69 while traveling by train across his isolated, poverty-stricken communist nation. A weeping state media broadcaster reported Monday that Kim died from "overwork" after "dedicating his life to the people," although the immediate cause of death was a heart attack. Kim had been in poor health for years, and was being treated for "cardiac and cerebrovascular diseases," according to the state-run KCNA news agency. North Korea has had only two leaders since its founding in 1948: Kim Jong Il, and before him, his father, Kim Il Sung. Now, South Korea has put its military on "emergency alert" out of fear that the loss of the North's "Dear Leader" could give way to dangerous instability. What will Kim Jong Il's death mean for the Korean peninsula? Here, four predictions:
1. One of Kim's sons will probably take over
Kim Jong Il's third son, Kim Jong Un, has been dubbed "the great successor," say Greg Botelho and Holly Yan at CNN, "indicating he would assume his father's post." But Kim Jong Un "is even more of an enigma than his late father was during 17 years of absolute power," says the Associated Press. He was only introduced as his father's likely successor — and a newly minted four-star general — a year ago. If he's going to have a smooth transition, Kim Jong Un is going to need the "longtime support" of his powerful uncle, Jang Song Taek.
2. But there could be a power struggle
Because Kim Jong Un is still in his 20s, he has had little time to "consolidate his power," says Patrick Edaburn at The Moderate Voice. I wouldn't be surprised if military leaders tried to muscle him aside. And even if Kim Jong Un "really is in complete control," says Max Fisher at The Atlantic, he's likely to "stumble." If he does, "military leaders worried about the country's stability may be tempted to intervene." That could be chaotic. Indeed, "the greatest threat Kim Jong Il poses in death, just as in life, is not that his state will commit an act of unprovoked aggression, but that it will collapse."
3. Kim's successor may create a crisis to solidify control
"Kim Jong Un is a pale reflection of his father and grandfather," the Heritage Foundation's Bruce Klingner tells Reuters. Kim Jong Il was groomed for 20 years to succeed his father, while Kim Jong Un is still something of a neophyte. He might need to provoke a crisis, such as a showdown with the U.S. or South Korea, "to prove his mettle to other senior leaders or deflect attention from the regime's failings." Fortunately, it won't take a war, says Allahpundit at Hot Air. "A limited provocation — like a new nuclear test, for starters — might be enough of a show of force to keep everyone at home in line."
4. Meanwhile, nuclear negotiations will be put on hold
Kim Jong Il's death "could put a brake on talks ultimately aimed at getting the secretive communist state to give up its nuclear weapons," says the Associated Press. Until the new leadership is in place — and shows it can survive — nobody will have the authority to negotiate with the U.S., "which retains about 28,000 troops across the border in South Korea." The only thing we know for sure is that North Korea now "enters months of intense mourning for the Dear Leader, and rising uncertainty."
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http://www.theweek.com/articles/479336/kim-jong-ils-death-whats-next-north-korea
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Being Shot in a Dream: Methods, Meanings and Interpretations
Being Shot in a Dream: Methods, Meanings and Interpretations
What Dreams Can Mean
Tanks or Bombs
In a Car
In a War
Dream Interpretations Conclusion
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Comments (32)
Ranked #6 in Psychology
Ranked #6 in Psychology
Ranked #6 in Psychology
Nice article
Ranked #6 in Psychology
Thanks Herman :)
Well explained.
I had a dream lastnight about parking my truck outside of work and a man tried to clorophorm me and put a gun to my head!! i some how held my breath long enough for him to think i was passing out then headbutted him knocked him out and got away.. in the mix of our fight he shot me through my shoulder. i managed to get to the door where my boss seen me and called an ambulance.. while waiting i stripped my shirt and salted my wound. after waking up in the hospital the room was full of family and close friends. the wierdest part was my father being in the room, him and i havnt spoken in a while in real life and in the dream i wanted him to leave.. it felt so real that i woke up gasping for air!!.. why? i don't understand what this could mean??
Very interesting.
What if I was the one who died in my dream?
Yes i just had a dream that i got shot in the back of my head before i got shot i was looking for my daughter and before i hit the ground i was reaching out for somebody i don't know who i was reaching out for it's like i was looking at myself dead on the ground and before i knew my body was warm it felt real and i woke up because it scared me
I dreamed my 5 year old was shot at the hands of someone shooting at my family. What does this mean? Who has these dreams?
Do you know having sex in your dreams is a strategy to input evil in your ways, blocking your chance of getting spouses or children. Do you know how often u eat with somebody in your dreams? Do you experience spider tread (cob webs) falls on your head, this could cause hatred, disappointment in expectation/ target, it could also block someone's promotion, success, etc. Consult ILE AGBARA... Call: +. Email; share this information to all friends on social media... you might be saving someone's life.
I had a dream recently, if you could explain this to me it would be great. I was at my house with my Mother and Sister. I was looking out the window and I spotted a dark black Mustang pull into a parking lot across the street. Two guy's began walking toward's my house. I began walking out my front door, a man with long blonde hair ran up my front step's and pulled a pistol out and shot me in my head. I then died. Everything went white and I woke up. Please get back to me, I'm shooken up about it. Thank you!
Thanks for such an interesting explanation...last night i dreamt of being shot with a gun. I even felt the pain in my abdomen and also searched to find the blood mark but I didn't die as I thought I would. Rather I was moving happily.
I had a dream I was with my 5 year old daughter and an 1 other person that I can not make out... anyway the 3 of us were trying to escape what seemed to be every single that was arpund us trying to kill us. In the midst of getting away my 5 year old got shot with a gun I assume in her left shoulder twice, side by side. She passed out but she didn't pass away.. from then on we were just basically on the run, ended up in a house hiding and then I woke up. My daughter is k8nd of in alot of my nightmares similar to this... should I be worried?
yea idk about that, but i do know that in my last dream i did kill 2 gang related men with pistols out of self defense with my assualt rifle. of course, i ended up getting shot twice. does anyone know what that can mean ?
yea idk about that, but in my last dream i killed 2 gang related men with pistols with my assualt rifle out of self defense. resulting in me getting shot twice but still surviving. may anyone tell me what that may mean? im a lil confused
Please help! I had a dream that every one in the community, had a gun,, like you couldn't trust anybody but we were all in large groups being moved to different locations, my group was being moved and another group was moving in, as my group left everyone was shaking hands with the new group with was a way of showing you were all on the same team like.. I was using the back of my hand to touch everybody for some reason, then this African American man looked at me from the other team and said you need to shake hands the right way or peopl will think you are a bad person so I then shook his hand and said sorry, went on to a room in a building my group stayed in, it was me on one side of the room and two boys on the other, then another older man can in had a book in had he sat behind me and I asked if he could move so he wasn't behide me and just kinda looked at me oddly and moved, then proceed to get up he was walking around talking to me and the others kinda waving his gun toward me as he spoke, I asked him if he could stop pointing the gun at me and, so he turned and walked toward the others, then turned back around to me and shot me in the chest I could feel everything it felt so real it didn't hurt everything got muffled and warm and I said to myself "this is it" I was going to die, that's what happened in this place if u was shot there was not helping you m, you would die, I lifted my gun and I shot him back and I then woke up scared to death! I needed to go pee and I was afraid to even get up and walk thur the house.. Please help! My email is please and thank you!!
I juuuust had a dream of a certain white male who just kept chasing me around and wanted to assassinate me. I keep running but end up being trapped in this locked room and he ends up shooting and killing me. I then see myself as an outer self soul on the news reported that I had been shot and killed. What stands out to me is this lady who helped the shooter get to me and this guy I know who calls for an ambulance and keeps trying to help me escape. There is a sense of betrayal within this dream, like I was sold out. What does this mean?
Hey Debbie what does it mean if I have a dream that some one broke into my house and I got shot in the head and died and right after that dream I had a dream I was like jumping or transporting to different places and I was in a fun kids camp then me and my friend went off and I somehow transported to the Holocaust and I was a Jew and I tried telling them I'm not a Jew but they shot me. Can you please tell me what this means.
I dreamt that I was seeing a buddy of mine off in a van. I guess he was going to prison and he switched rows and wanted e to help him run. I said No and then I got shot like 6 times in the back. I saw the gunman for a brief second then I ran. I ran through a parking lot of a church my dad used to pastor and ran behind one to the air-conditioning units. Across the street was a young teenage couple sitting in front of a whitish house not even paying attention to me. So I ran around the church down a small hill to the road and saw someone run by my left side. I jumped out and said, I surrender and he just toyed with his gun, I said it again and I felt a weird tickle on my neck and head where he shot me with like an Uzi. He shot me single shots in the back before, now it was automatic. Neck and face shot at the end. I remember saying, o hope this is a dream then woke up. Someone tell me what it means.
I keep having a dream I am shot in the back. In most of them I tell myself I might as well be shot so I can wake up. I am being shot with a machine gun sprayed bullets. It is a gang and they are entering my house. I go to lock the door but he gets in. The other gang members are outside. I tell myself lay on your stomach and be shot, to get it over with and wake up. These dreams are SO vivid, and in depth and real. I wake up terrified. I don't know how to make them stop.
Im a 17 year old guy that is a senior in high school and I got shot in the back driving away from gang member in an urban area after being done with my ACT exams and this article really is helpful to understand what i would have to fear the most... my dreams. thank you for this great analysis, its really helpful.
Interesting... Hm. None of these are quite like the dream I just had, though. My best friend and I were having lunch at a restaurant, and she sees a man lurking and freaks out, telling me it's a guy that's been stalking her and threatening her. She starts getting up to leave and as she does I start pulling my gun out of my purse, and this guy pulls one first and points it at me. I manage to successfully point mine back at him and right before I say, "Don't try and shoot cause I'll kill you even if you do" he shoots me twice in the chest, and I manage to shoot him three times in the abdominal/chest area and he staggers and drops before everything starts fading to black and I slump backwards, seeing fading ceiling tiles, and as a partial lucid dreamer I'm attempting to wake myself up at this point and it's not working, but I feel my body's organs shut down and my heart stop before I successfully wake up. You said something about usually the impact being the focal point, and, having dreamed of getting shot several times before, I agree with you, but this time it was most definitely my death that was the strongest point in the dream, though the situation surrounding it feels very significant. I wish you were still answering comments, as I'd love to hear your thoughts on this.
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https://psychology1.knoji.com/being-shot-in-a-dream-methods-meanings-and-interpretations/
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Everybody Dines But Not Everybody Lives. The Kings Row Sunday Brunch. Kings Row Gastropub. Pasadena, CA.
Check your diet at the door!
A hip hop shaman once said that Everybody dies but not everybody lives. True that. The same can be said for eating. You can go through life depriving yourself of all carbs and fats just so you look better naked or keep the triglycerides in check but, hey, nobody lives 4ever. If you're going to eat, enjoy it.
That said, you don't come to Kings Row Gastropub after making a New Year's resolution to lose a few holiday pounds. You don't come here to experience a tasting menu of small fussy bites of molecular munchies. You definitely don't come to this Pasadena restaurant on a Sunday to have brunch with Vivaldi's The Four Seasons: Spring lilting in the background and your pinky raised while sipping Earl Grey.
You come to Kings Row to eat like Henry VIII. But, if you're going to eat like a king, you've got to make those excess calories count. In other words, those extra carbs and fat better be worth it.
Now if you're hankering a gooey Queso Fundido that smothers spicy bits of chorizo, potatoes and poblano peppers crowned with a fried egg, or the Chicken & Waffles made with massive chicken tenders coated in southern fried batter and paired with buckwheat waffles, or, maybe, the Open Range Meatloaf concentrated with minced veal and boar banded together by a strip of smoky bacon, then you've come to the right place.
It's Sunday. Bloody Sunday. Why not order a Jug O Blood (Kings Row's version of a Bloody Mary mixed with Tito's Vodka served in a mason jar) and put in a request for the band to play some Skynyrd? Bask in the chilly chill patio on a warm afternoon. Eat, drink and be merry for tomorrow is Monday. Crappy Monday.
King's Patio.
Kings Row Gastropub is nowhere near Texas but they're starting to build a rep for doing everything big, real big. I'm not just talking large portions, I'm saying huge food. Take their Pullman French Toast, for example. Technically, it's not French toast because it's about the size of an MMA fighter's fist — a French loaf would be more accurate.
It'll toast your French toast.
The Duck Confit Hash packs in a lot of flavor, as any scramble should. The great thing is the flavors are not muddled even if the ingredients are intimately co-mingled: the shreds of duck confit come through with distinct duck flavor, the maple bourbon sauce is nearly intoxicating and the pieces of applewood bacon give the dish that final breakfast touch. The Duck Fat Hash Browns underneath it all ain't too shabby either.
No lame duck (w/ fried duck egg upgrade).
Yes, good ol' Chicken & Waffles. A kinky combo that pleases the crowd every time. It's no different with Kings Row's take on the classic Southern plate. Using large pieces of boneless breast meat and fried in a peppy, crispy yet flaky batter, there's quite a bit of meat to go with the buckwheat waffle. Douse the duo with maple syrup for a meal that speaks to your soul. But if your conscience starts speaking louder, have a few bites of the kale to shut it up.
The Delicious Duo ― Chicken & Waffles.
What do you get when you grind up veal and boar meat, bake it with a strip of bacon and then plop it on a piece of toast and a pile of buttery mashed potatoes? Crazy delicious meatloaf called Open Range Meatloaf, that's what. This is the meat lover's plate. It's dense with 3 kinds of animal flesh and layers of flavor. You don't need to bother with the bread, but the rest of it (like the fried onion strings) makes it a savory symphony.
This ain't a meatloaf, it's a meats-loaf.
This journey to my premature coronary concludes with my favorite breakfast item, Chicken Fried Steak. The one at Kings Row is probably one of the best I've eaten and I've eaten quite a few. It's not overwhelming in size. The flavor and texture, though, are exceptional. With the first bite into the delicately crispy batter and you'll taste the unmistakable essence of truly delicious fried chicken. Underneath the flaky, fried sheath is a tenderized slab of country short rib, flavorful, soulful and the perfect food for a lazy Sunday. Smear on some of the rich peppered gravy to make it pop. By habit, I usually dash on a few drops of Tabasco. This one doesn't need it. Not that it's spicy, it's just very flavorful.
The pair of big, bloated sausages that accompany the chicken fried steak are remarkably well-seasoned, so much so that they taste like pork when they're in fact made of turkey. Finely ground, flavored with maple syrup and in a snappy casing, it's a breakfast sausage that will not disappoint. Getting an extra side of them for the table would be a good idea.
Chicken Fried Fantasy.
I've never been into the mimosa and omelette station scene, so Sunday brunch was never my thing. The Kings Row Sunday brunch, however, is my kind of Sunday brunch. With hefty and high quality food at great prices (about $13 per plate) and an inviting ambiance that says "stay awhile" (easy to do with the $12 endless mimosa), this gastropub has its heart in the right place. The joy, fun and creativity put into the decor (the trolley scrolls and vintage classroom chairs), beverages (Jug O Blood), music (a rollicking bluegrass/rockabilly band) and, of course, good food make Kings Row a restaurant worth visiting over and over again, especially if you live near Pasadena. Its delicious new Sunday brunch service is further confirmation that the proof, indeed, is in the Yorkshire pudding, which also happens to be on the menu.
Kings Row Gastropub
20 E Colorado Blvd
Pasadena, CA 91105
Tel: 626.793.3010
ArtsBeatLA said…
Bigger than Texas... Great pix & review!
What a gorgeous looking pics! It's such a great article. Many many thanks for sharing this article.
dingobear said…
WOW. That all looks amazing!
Anonymous said…
Wow, that looks like fun.
Eddie Lin said…
Thanks very much!
Rotisserie Chicken,
Thank you.
It tastes amazing too, especially the meatloaf & chicken fried steak.
WOW is right!
Oh My God. That's FRENCH TOAST. Sign me up... then roll me home to Hollywood. Or maybe I'll just check into a motel nearby!!!
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Invisibility starts at 25
Age anxiety
I turn 25 on Monday (30th November). It’s been a stressful year, the pandemic notwithstanding. My biggest concern? Myself. I’ve been shouldering the weight of my own expectations, grappling against the passage of time, turning 25. I don’t think I’m alone.
An interesting phenomenon I’ve been cataloging over the past few months is that of age anxiety. You will see teens and young adults prominently showcase their ages on social media. Why? Signaling precociousness.
Aamna had the same question last week.
Aditya concurs.
This tendency declines sharply with age. You will see lesser people showcase this as you move upwards and once you reach 25, you’ll notice it disappears entirely from public facing profiles. In fact, as people get older, many will go one step further, removing birthdays and even the years they attended university from their profile to avoid being found out. Why?
A few answers in the thread, although written in jest, tell us why.
Most people between the ages 20-30 will have to come to terms with expectations they’d set for themselves as kids. Or worse, cultural expectations, often anchored at exceptional outcomes. Here are a few examples as seen in the wild of how this affects people.
Even though I’ve personally never displayed my age explicitly on social media, I’m aware of it subconsciously, and get reminded every time I see someone who mentions it. Discourse about gifted kids, exceptional achievements at a young age, and age gatekeeping is pervasive these days and difficult to avoid. The fetishization of youth and unrealistic expectations most kids grow up with has made this a ubiquitous phenomenon, especially in circles that place high value on achievement and image, e.g. middle class, upper middle class, elite universities, etc.
Age in pop culture
Depictions in pop culture reinforce these ideas. This image is from FRIENDS, a show which inspired essays like “How a TV sitcom triggered the downfall of western civilization
It shows Joey, one of the main characters of the show lamenting his fate and cursing God as he turns 30. Mind you, this episode of FRIENDS, arguably one of the most popular TV shows in history, aired in Feb 2001. We’ve been at this for a long time. Narratives crystallize, peak and then fade away. We might be close to the peak, however.
8 years later, Forbes makes this concept even more legible with the introduction of the Forbes 40 under 40 list. A mere 2 years later, in 2011, Forbes introduces their 30 under 30 list. Guess which one’s more popular? https://trends.google.com/trends/explore?date=all&q=30%20under%2030,40%20under%2040
Lists like the Forbes list may be close to or past peaking in their relevance and prestige but the meme will persist. The 30 under 30 list is three to five times as popular as the 40 under 40 list. This is not an aberration. Notice how quickly they moved to 30? There is downward pressure on this absolute number, and in my estimate this is currently trending below 25, perhaps at 22/23.
The quarter life crisis is shifting downward
Quarter life crisis. I’ve invented the quarter life crisis. Yes, and no.
The quarter life crisis phenomenon has gained considerable attention over the past two decades. It is now a feature of most people’s lives. However, there’s more to this phenomenon.
This is my estimate of how age is distributed in bios on social media based on a quick 10 min exercise. Look at the precipitous drop at 25.
Side project idea: Parse a random, large sample of Twitter/IG profiles and extract ages from bios. Plot the frequency distribution of ages mentioned. The mode is where the quarter life crisis exists culturally.
I looked at articles written on QLC over the last 10-15 years. A few examples:
1. From a 2008 article, Quarter-life crisis’ grips Young India, examples include people ages 26-30.
2. A 2011 article, ‘Quarter-life’ crisis hits three in four of those aged 26 to 30 puts the range at 26-30
3. “Me and my quarter-life crisis: a millennial asks what went wrong” – The author was 25 at the time of writing in 2018.
4. This Is When You’ll Likely Have A Quarter-Life Crisis The last recorded mode from a survey conducted in 2017 that studied quarter life crises was 26.
The quarter life crisis is going to end up at 20 sooner or later and the kids are not going to like it.
Navigating the void
The nature of this crisis is described well by Visa.
This is an expectation crisis. The gap between expectations you’ve accepted and your reality needs “managing”. Everyone deals with this differently but what’s common is the time people spend in a liminal phase, a void. A period of time which can extend anywhere from a few weeks to a few years where beliefs, needs, image are re-evaluated.
Nick has a good tweet here about the void, a phase after the quarter life crisis (his estimate ~24) where people search for love, meaning and identity beyond their precociousness and abilities.
A former X under Y agrees.
@kipperrii has a couple of good tweets on this
Immortality begins at 40, Invisibility begins at 25
For those that missed the title’s reference, it’s a callback to vgr’s brilliant article titled Immortality begins at 40. It theorizes various life stages across eras and explains the significance of the number 40.
A few excerpts:
“A very general life-stage map across civilizations and eras looks like this:
0 to α: Achieve launch velocity
α to 40: Play culture!
40 to Ω: Ah crap, I have to make shit up for others now?
Ω to ∅: Let them eat cake”
“In the scheme above, 40 is the only roughly stable number. It exists as an approximately fixed point because it is an emergent outcome of history. It is reflected in the nature of humanity’s collective cultural archives, religions, sitcoms, ideologies, self-improvement plans, justifiably ageist 40-under-40 award schemes, weight-loss plans, and dating advice.”
“Once society stops doing culture to you, and you’re on your own, immortality begins. The morning after your fortieth birthday, you experience the first day of the rest of time.”
“Forty is also the age at which point it stops being worth anyone’s while to manufacture and invest meaning in you. It is this drying up of supply — meaning, by virtue of its transience is a consumable — more than any maturation into nihilism, that triggers the shift into an immortal frame of mind.”
I posit that α is when invisibility begins. The limelight stays fixated, on teens and young adults who have achieved exceptional outcomes. People start leaving you be, you start moving towards invisibility and are forced to come to terms with expectations you’ve assumed.
You can exert agency and choose the games you want to play.
Anushk noticed the same trend of people becoming invisible.
What comes next? I don’t know. Still in the void. I’ll see you next year.
And before you take this too seriously, here’s my disclaimer
The Universal Language of Memes
Meme culture has given rise to a language that transcends boundaries, both real and imaginary. Memes are part of a globally shared pool of memory we dip into when we want to convey an idea with nuances beyond text. They call upon a sense of familiarity and shared meaning that exists despite our many differences.
A meme entails within it, a complex relationship between objects that make the meme, one that can be applied to explain a wide variety of phenomena and evoke appropriate reactions. Perhaps there is a deeper theory here of humor as a universal language that acts as firmware for humans.
Since memes allow for easy explanations and higher information density even for complex issues, I wanted to experiment with creating a memeified version of an article that dealt with a complex idea to see if the format was appealing and useful to a broad audience.
I recently finished reading this masterpiece called The Uruk Series by Lou Keep. It is a 12-part series that talks about a number of important big-picture themes. Read the introduction here. You should read it, if you find yourself interested in any of the following questions:
Why do state-backed schemes tend to fail?
Why do we have discontent despite growing economic prosperity?
What do we mean when we say capitalism?
Why do mass movements become popular? What ends do they serve?
Why do we see the rise of narcissism in the modern world?
Of these articles, Part 2, titled “The Meridian of Her Greatness”, talks about the in vogue questions surrounding capitalism and its discontents. This is an important question and most of us seem to be missing the point entirely, falling squarely under the category of not-even-wrong. The article is a first step in creating the right scaffolding so we can have productive conversations around the topic.
A memeified version of this article can be found here
You can find a tweetstorm style summary of this article here. I used some of the memes in conjunction with text to make explanations easier.
Let me know if you have any thoughts on the format! Enjoy!
Lambda School: A Case Study on How to Scale Effective Learning
This is the 2 sigma problem as defined by Benjamin Bloom, an educational psychologist who pioneered mastery learning.
This article is inspired from a Tweetstorm I did six months ago. You can find the original thread here.
One year ago, I found Lambda School on Twitter. While researching them online, I came across a thread from Austen talking about introducing Mastery Based Progression to their cohorts. This led me to look into Bloom’s two sigma problem, why it wasn’t solved yet and how technology can help scale effective learning.
Bloom’s 2 sigma Problem
Benjamin Bloom’s research found that one on one tutoring could help achieve 2 sigma improvement over conventional teaching. His objective was to find practical, yet scalable methods of attaining two sigma improvement since tutoring wasn’t scalable in its present form as defined by physical constraints.
A brief overview of the problem.
Why is Bloom’s 2 sigma problem important?
Effectiveness of one on one tutoring indicates that aptitude achievement correlation can be reduced from 0.6 to 0.25, i.e. effective learning levels the playing field for all those who wish to learn irrespective of skill level. It would represent an order of magnitude higher impact as compared to traditional methods.
This is how the achievement distribution looks like for the three cases mentioned in the overview.
Finding Solutions for Bloom’s 2 sigma problem
Looking for solutions to the 2 sigma problem is a four step process.
1. Look at the entire teaching/learning process
2. Break down into mutually independent pieces
3. Find intervention variables and their effect sizes
4. Combine variables to achieve intended two sigma improvement
Bloom used this approach to look for viable solutions.
The most important variables with high effect sizes were: Feedback and corrective measures, Cooperative learning, Classroom participation, Tutorial instruction Reinforcement and Graded homework. A combination of these variables enabled by the introduction of suitable tech seemed like a viable solution.
The Evolution of Ed Tech
Education is one of the toughest markets to crack for startups. Regulation, long sales cycles, fragmented markets and illegibility to technology (until now) make ed tech startups difficult to scale and largely outside the purview of venture funding. Until now.
Traditional education was ripe for disruption by MOOCs but this failed miserably. Only the most motivated students could finish courses and completion rates were less than 5%. Asynchronous, do it yourself modes of learning are not effective in their current form. This quote describes why: “The big MOOCs mostly employed smooth-functioning but basic video recording of lectures, multiple-choice quizzes, and unruly discussion forums. They were big, but they did not break new ground in pedagogy.” A richer discussion on the topic can be found here.
Given the advances in tech enabled solutions for various aspects of the learning process such as lesson delivery, feedback mechanisms, ability to replay videos, instant communication, TA support via Zoom/Slack, many people predicted the end of the search for a solution to the 2 sigma problem. They were proven incorrect. Instead of the predicted need of fewer teachers, we require more to achieve 2 sigma improvement with the following caveat: teachers should utilized in an effective manner using tech as leverage.
It takes a few iterations before people find a way to execute correctly. The same pattern can be seen here. The most common startups in ed tech focused on getting scale and distribution with little consideration for summative achievement. Getting courses online wasn’t enough. This article looks at the bastardization of the 2 sigma problem. The following quote summarizes the mistake succinctly:
Lambda School’s Foray into Ed Tech
A brief description of Lambda School for the uninitiated: A live, fully online school that trains people to become software engineers, data scientists and designers which is free until you get a job. Instead, students pay a percentage of their income each year after they’re employed, the maximum of which is capped at $30k.
A combination of multiple factors enabled Lambda school’s success at finding a product-market fit: rising student debt and default rates, reliable communication tools like Slack and Zoom and an innovative business model based on Income Share Agreements to name a few.
Lambda managed to crack the problem by innovating on pedagogy and identifying an arbitrage opportunity in the labor market (supply demand gap for CS grads to start with). The latter is important because it allows lambda to do what they do. Traditional education has no skin in the game and perverse incentives. Lambda is forced to act in the students best interests because it has aligned incentives. It earns only when students get high paying jobs.
A few reasons why lambda school works so well:
1. Small class sizes – each cohort is divided into sections with 8-10 students.
2. World class teachers – practitioners who devised OG curricula at places like Apple
3. Cooperative learning – group learning, capstone projects and build weeks
4. Hungry students – gritty students who will do the work (full time for 9 months)
5. Mastery learning – repeat parts of the course until students demonstrate mastery
6. Extensive TA support – feedback and corrective measures
These variables have high effect sizes as indicated by Bloom’s research. This innovation on the pedagogy front is the moat and is scalable across verticals. More from Caleb, VP of Learning at Lambda here and here. By reverse engineering the job market requirements and using their pedagogical infrastructure Lambda can provide effective education in almost any domain legible to online learning.
Lambda School works. The outcomes and demand are proof. The Series B they raised is going to help them scale. On a recent podcast, Austen mentioned their plans to have 3000 students in 2019 and a few cohorts in the EU. Scaling to millions will be an operational challenge and it will be interesting to see how Lambda tackles this.
Thanks to Anisha, Leon, Vidy and Vijay for helping out!
Thoughts on Information Dissemination and Attention Spans in Today’s World
Whether it is Donald Trump being elected as the Republican nominee, Brexit, or any other serious topic in today’s world, there is a common link that I feel exists behind such instances. In this blog post I’ll try to explain what it has got to do with psychology, biases, and more importantly, thinking.
Forget about critical thinking, even thinking in today’s world is underrated. It is too easy to make some believe in a notion, given that you have the apparatus for it. People fall for all kinds of bullshit, all the time. How many of us think before making decisions, whether it is choosing a school, a major, a political party or even a referendum to leave the EU or not? In my opinion, very few of us do that. Even when few actually think, it’s not good enough. That in itself is not surprising since the law of averages works everywhere, meaning most people are average at best when it comes to thinking. Combine this with the fact that people only listen to what they like, add a pinch of ignorance, and use this with short attention spans that we have today, and you can probably explain these occurrences which appear baffling to at least a section of society.
Information Dissemination and Thinking
Here’s a rough infographic I made to highlight what I think is a major issue when it comes to thinking in today’s world. Information penetrates at different levels within the population thereby making the judgement process skewed and in most cases driven by superficial evidence which might be misleading to say the least.
Information Penetration
I might be overestimating the number of people who actually think or I might just be wrong (in which case I would be happy to correct myself), but what I feel is clear is that thinking is a dwindling phenomenon. I discuss this further under Attention Spans.
There is just too much information and not enough time or interest among people to think about everything before taking a decision. I feel this can explain why masses are easily swayed by slogans and why politicians, celebrities, etc feel necessary to pander to the public every once in a while.
The Confirmation Bias
The essence of the confirmation bias is that you see what you want to see. Even when presented with evidence contrary to your beliefs or alternative to your thinking you choose to ignore those, sticking to what you think is correct.
Consider the ramifications this has over the events that I’ve mentioned at the start. Donald Trump supporters cannot see why he’s wrong, they can only hear sentences they want to.
While I’m no expert on the US elections or their mentality, the political polarization is there for everyone to see. Here’s an infographic on Political Polarization from Pew Research Center.
Political Polarization
This polarization I believe is in part created by the media. My dissatisfaction with the media in general is probably worth a blog post and something I might work on later. But just to connect the dots between the confirmation bias, not thinking and the effect of media on public sentiment here’s another infographic from Pew Research Center on Political Polarization and Media Habits.
Political Polarization and Media Habits
Some other interesting finds from this study (I’m summarizing them):
• Consistent conservatives are tightly clustered around one news channel, meaning they receive most of their information from a single source thereby increasing the chance of bias creeping in. Also, they are more distrustful of news outlets in general. They are also more likely than other ideological groups to hear political opinions in line with their own views. They are also more likely to have friends who share the same views. See anything that strikes you ?
• Consistent liberals rely on a greater number of sources for information and are in general more trusting of news outlets. They are more likely to unfriend or block people on social media because of political reasons, meaning they don’t want to hear the other side of the story?
It is clear that both sides of the political spectrum have biases which have now led to the creation of the biggest ideological gap in decades.
This article is not meant to discuss political ideologies, nor am I commenting on or comparing the two. I just happened to take this up as an example to explain my views on why these things could have happened.
Attention Spans
With the world becoming more and more “social” and the constant and unending flow of information, our attention spans have reduced to those of gnats. There is not enough time to put in the effort to understand and process information, but only enough to consume.
Here are some statistics from National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine and The Associated Press on Attention Spans and how they’ve reduced over time.
Attention Spans
Here’s a very click-baity article on the same: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/2016/03/12/humans-have-shorter-attention-span-than-goldfish-thanks-to-smart/
There’s even a rebuttal saying Millennials are accused of having shorter attention spans and that is just because they have much better stuff to do. While that is very subjective and may be true to an extent, I disagree and find that a convenient excuse to ditch critical thinking.
Just to summarize this piece: Humans are prone to biases; not many people are up for thinking; the media has a role to play in this; shorter attention spans are making the problem worse; all of this can lead to instances that are high impact and may even be disastrous.
Just jotting down a list of topics that we considered important and now are as good as forgotten:
• NSA spying scandal
• Panama Papers
• Every other mass shooting that is happening
• Russia’s annexation of Crimea
The list is probably bigger and even I might have missed many but you get the gist. Issues, even important ones that don’t stay in the limelight are easily forgotten, gone, poof.
Bonus Trivia: The newest and fastest growing social media platform Snapchat allows you to post snaps or video stories with an upper cap of, well as you might have guessed, 10 seconds. Coincidence much? I think not.
Also, if on Snapchat, you can follow me on rrahul30. 😛
Disclaimer: All views expressed are personal. As is with humans, I might also have certain biases or pieces of information that I might have missed; although I have tried to present a very fact-based opinion piece, any comments to ensure correctness are appreciated.
1. Infogr.am used to create infographics.
2. Pew Research Center
3. Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman
4. Predictably Irrational by Dan Ariely
P.S. If you liked this, please give this article a heart (recommend) so that it can reach more people! Thanks ☺
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As the Second World War recedes in time and further into history, the obsession with that conflict alarmingly intensifies. Popular accounts, particularly of military operations and weaponry, multiply to satisfy a growing market. Historians, now joined by investigative journalists, claw at the mountains of documentation that, ironically enough constitute some of the more enduring battle debris. The media continue to cut and recut, or discover new film in a determined attempt to feet the curiosity of a generation with fewer surviving veterans and increasingly distorted perceptions of global war.
What motivates this intense interest? A partial answer is contained in this book, which examines the Second World War as a national experience. The underlying assumption here is that the second total war of the twentieth century will not ultimately be measured by the statistics of destruction, impressive as they are. Physical recovery from that devastation, so evident in 1945, is virtually complete thirty-five years later. Reconstruction among the major participants introduced an "age of affluence" sooner than anticipated, although more fragile than expected. The roots of present day concern, it is suggested, are better sought after among the less tangible, more elusive after-effects of the war, such as psychological and sociological upheavals, and collectivisim in the political and economic fields. In short, it is the nature of the national experience itself that is the lasting fruit, or poison, of 1945.
There is another reason why this book may shed some light on current preoccupations. The 1939-1945 War was a collective encounter of epic proportions. It was more than the sum of actions and memories of each participant. It was a shared experience, of national conflict, fought over an international battlefield. Mass involvement was matched by a massive communal commitment. Whether this was intended, as Winston Churchill declared in September 1939, as "a war to establish and revive the stature of man" is debatable. Rhetoric was a necessary substitute for the mundane reality of 1939 diplomacy. But the 1945 mood reflected the Churchillian objective. At war's end few adopted the 1918 view that the war to end war had been fought: yet many could not shy away from some vision of a brave new world.
International developments since then have made a mockery of even the cynic's level of expectation. More dangerously perhaps, a tendency to romanticize the Second World War, accompanied by recent fears of relative material deprivation in the western world have complicated the appreciation of the wartime experience. Events since 1945 have deepened the obsession with the war. Current anxieties and the conspicuous absence of nationwide purpose are contrasted with the compelling unity of a country in arms. The "spirit of Dunkirk" or one of its many equivalents has become a routine invocation of the beleaguered politician. Only the protagonists have changed. Inflation and the energy crisis have taken the place of Hitler and fascism. The enemy within appears more capable of victory than the traditional enemy abroad. Where indeed is the "people's peace" which was to have followed the "people's war"?
The character of the diverse experiences of the Second World War, therefore, are both relevant and suggestive. After surveying the historical background 'in his introductory essay, Theodore Ropp comments that there is a twentieth century tendency towards "dehumanizating,
resegmenting and thus denationalizing was as a collective experience." The acuity of this observation would appear to apply more to future, than past world wars. For continued investigation, as represented by the contributors to this book, tends to suggest the contrary.
There is abundant evidence, taking for example the involvement of such different countries as Britain, Canada, Yugoslavia, Norway, the United States and France, that the 1939- 1945 War generally elicited an integrative, consensus building response. Patriotism, solidarity, community, stability and purpose were more often the rule than the exception. This is not to deny the existence of fractiousness and disaffection, and the incidence of resistance or civil war. Rather it is to point out a paradox of the wartime experience and the selectivity of the post-war communal memory.
Under the impact of the Second World War, British society took on a new look. Extremes of policies, values and priorities gave way to a broad measure of agreement which cut across the former social and political divisions. Nor was the Canadian road to 1945 an altogether dissimilar journey. During the war Canadian society matured, its industrial structure expanded and diversified, and its international status rose. In contrast, Norway of course collapsed under the German assault and the nation's loyalties were tragically split. Yet, in the area of foreign affairs, the Norwegian government in exile formulated a far-sighted "Atlantic policy": a clear anticipation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. In the United States the area of civil-military relations provided a similar case in point. Patterns of co-operation necessary for victory were only developed under the pressure of war; even though in the end the war proved too complex for soldiers and politicians called upon to consider the conditions of peace and the post-war settlement. With regard to France, it is useful to recall that despite defeat, occupation, and social and political repression, the continued existence of an independent French empire afforded a focal point attuned to the needs of eventual French liberation and reconstruction. And finally, Yugoslavia poses the intriguing question as to how a young, multi-national state survived fragmentation and civil war and still emerged as a united entity in the post-war world? Why did the numerous national experiences coalesce into a postwar Yugoslavism? The nature of the Second World War as an integrative, consensus building force provides much of the answer.
In the last analysis, all wars begin as propaganda and end as myth. At the time the entire apparatus of the mass media and the instruments of government mind-bending are structured to suppress or embellish. In retrospect, the politician, the historian and the public focusing on the Second World War have tended to follow this pattern of propaganda and myth. Certain aspects of wartime life are relegated to the dustbins of history. Others are elevated to the level of legend. And some have yet to be discovered. It is only by looking again at the 1939- 1945 War as a national experience that the balance between myth, illusion and reality can be restored.
Various considerations--venue, availability and circumstance--have dictated the choice of contributors to this book. In this instance Canada was selected for intensive examination. It is not the most pressing example, or indeed the most complex. The Canadian experience of the war had two basic characteristics. Wartime destruction was never seen on the Canadian landscape; losses were limited to vessels at sea, and manpower and material in distant theatres of action. Nor, except for occasional threats to coastal security, were the majority of Canadians ever remotely worried about invasion and occupation. Nevertheless, the dynamics of war affected every aspect of Canadian life, many of which are examined here. Each country
that was involved in the Second World War ideally merits such analysis. These collected essays, therefore, are a contribution to the subject and an incentive for others to work in that direction.
Sidney Aster
Erindale College
University of Toronto
31 March 1980
Table of Contents
Next Chapter (1)
Transcribed and formatted by Patrick Clancey, HyperWar Foundation
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Son-of-aPreacher Man
Coming Soon!
SOAP Poster #1 (Marketing Version II).jp
SON OF A PREACHER MAN is a drama/romance film that takes place in modern-day
society. The film portrays the life of a modern-day “prodigal son”, Jacob Jackson, a
young African-American male from Columbia, South Carolina, who is the son of a
preacher. Jacob comes from a wealthy family and decides that he wants to move to a
bigger city and live life on his own, away from his father and his Christian influence.
When Jacob moves to Charlotte, NC, he develops a partying & gambling lifestyle. He
also meets and falls in love with Abigail King, who is a young attractive African-American
female from Charlotte, NC. Abigail is on a path of success and usually plays “hard to
get” until she meets Jacob. Because of Jacob’s gambling habit, he unintentionally ruins
both his and Abigail’s life as Abigail herself is telling the story from the back of an Uber.
Written by Dr. Brandon M. Glover
Starring Sheena Faust
Thanks for submitting!
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Convert eV to GWh (Electronvolt to Gigawatt hour)
Electronvolt into Gigawatt hour
Measurement Categorie:
Original value:
Original unit:
Target unit:
numbers in scientific notation
Direct link to this calculator:
Convert Electronvolt to Gigawatt hour (eV to GWh):
3. From the selection list, choose the unit that corresponds to the value you want to convert, in this case 'Electronvolt [eV]'.
4. Finally choose the unit you want the value to be converted to, in this case 'Gigawatt hour [GWh]'.
With this calculator, it is possible to enter the value to be converted together with the original measurement unit; for example, '223 Electronvolt'. In so doing, either the full name of the unit or its abbreviation can be usedas an example, either 'Electronvolt' or 'eV'. Then, the calculator determines the category of the measurement unit of measure that is to be converted, in this case 'Energy'. After that, it converts the entered value into all of the appropriate units known to it. In the resulting list, you will be sure also to find the conversion you originally sought. Alternatively, the value to be converted can be entered as follows: '64 eV to GWh' or '32 eV into GWh' or '55 Electronvolt -> Gigawatt hour' or '20 eV = GWh' or '61 Electronvolt to GWh' or '88 eV to Gigawatt hour' or '70 Electronvolt into Gigawatt hour'. For this alternative, the calculator also figures out immediately into which unit the original value is specifically to be converted. Regardless which of these possibilities one uses, it saves one the cumbersome search for the appropriate listing in long selection lists with myriad categories and countless supported units. All of that is taken over for us by the calculator and it gets the job done in a fraction of a second.
Furthermore, the calculator makes it possible to use mathematical expressions. As a result, not only can numbers be reckoned with one another, such as, for example, '(41 * 52) eV'. But different units of measurement can also be coupled with one another directly in the conversion. That could, for example, look like this: '223 Electronvolt + 669 Gigawatt hour' or '86mm x 73cm x 77dm = ? cm^3'. The units of measure combined in this way naturally have to fit together and make sense in the combination in question.
Measurement calculator that can be used to convert Electronvolt to Gigawatt hour, among others: 1 Electronvolt [eV] = 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 044 504 925 833 333 Gigawatt hour [GWh]
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The Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station sits upon two miles of glacial ice at the bottom of the world. It is one of the remotest places on the planet, more than 800 miles from the nearest human beings.
A small group of people gathers here to support scientific research done by the United States Antarctic Program. America has had a presence at the South Pole since 1956, and today scientists take advantage of its unique environment and geography to study things like astronomy, neutrinos, seismology, and the climate in ways impossible anywhere else. Researchers depend on more than a few support staff for their work. So during the summer, when the sun shines on the South Pole for days on end, the population can soar to over 150 people. It’s a teeming metropolis compared to the fewer than 50 who hunker down in the long, sunless winter months.
I’m one of them, commissioned as a missionary to the others.
There are no permanent residents of Antarctica. People here live and work temporarily on one of the almost 50 research stations—plus summer-only research camps—representing more than 30 countries (the United States boasts three permanent stations). The stations look like futuristic pods that might easily be imagined on the surface of the moon or Mars. Workers are hired for specific durations and eventually must leave.
I followed my wife’s dreams to the South Pole. A doctor, Sarah learned of the Antarctic program in college and it became a life goal to work here. I, too, grew fascinated with coming to Antarctica, though my training in Christian ministry did not exactly open many doors.
After a long journey involving many job applications and a gallbladder removal to physically qualify, I finally landed a position ...
Subscriber access only You have reached the end of this Article Preview
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Finding Your Path – Never Give Up!
Finding Your Path or What do I want to be when I grow up!
Most people have absolutely no idea where they are going with their life. When I was growing up I didn’t have a clue what I wanted to be. I knew what my parents wanted, but what did I want?
The high school I attended in Ohio and here in Arizona didn’t include career counseling, the students were basically left on their own.
So here is a list of what I feel you need to do no matter where you are in your life.
1. Look at all the job postings and see what is out there.
2. Research what it takes to do any job that interests you. What training or education is involved,
3. Is there a mentor-ship program? If there is, write a letter to the company outlining your strong points and ask to be involved in the program.
4. Create a strong 1 to 2 page resume. Bullet point your knowledge, education, skills and any experience you have that applies to that position. YES your resume should be constructed to fit the job for which you are applying.
5. Create a GREAT cover letter introducing yourself, your qualifications for the job and why you are the right choice.
“I’d be happy to follow my passion…if only I knew what it was.”
Read more: Link to see my Leather Journals!!
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Magic or Madness? Pakistani Man Eats 100 Snakes in Magic Show
Magic or Madness? Pakistani Man Eats 100 Snakes in Magic Show
Pakistan Snake Eater
Magic shows are usually full of entertaining tricks and amazing surprises. But there is one magic show that will leave you more than amazed. This magic show happens at the Karachi Zoo and the main attraction of the magic show is a controversial act called “The Snake Eating Man.” As the name suggests, in this event a performer named Talib eats the dangerous snakes. He breaks their necks with his teeth and then he skins these dead serpents. He doesn’t stop there, he tastes the blood of these dead animals in front of the large audiences.
This amazing and controversial performance draws hundreds of visitors to the Karachi Zoo. Talib who is a resident of Nawabshah, Sindh has been performing this act in front of audiences since many years. He has shown his bravery and snake killing and eating abilities in almost all the major cities of Pakistan. People lineup to buy tickets in order to watch Talib show his unique talent.
Usually people are terrified and at the same time fascinated by seeing a huge snake. And what Talib offers them is more than just entertainment. He offers them a once in a lifetime experience of not only seeing large dangerous snakes, but also seeing them getting killed ruthlessly.
Where Does Talib Find These Massive Snakes?
Dangerous Snake
Talib requires hundreds of snakes for his performances and it is not an easy task to find these snakes in the major cities of the country. Talib manages to get these snakes from Thatha, a city that is abundant in snakes and other reptiles. In case Talib is unable to get snakes for his performances, he turns to other gross animals like venomous lizards and frogs.
Why Does Talib Perform This Dangerous Act?
Talib’s dangerous act might be entertaining for the crowds but it is not entertainment for Talib. He puts his life at risk in order to be able to provide for his family. He makes a living out of this unique and dangerous profession. Talib says that he has been able to develop immunity against the poison of snakes and he doesn’t suffer any effects from snake bites.
Concerns About Decreasing Population of Snakes in Pakistan
Talib tells that he has been doing these shows since a number of years and he has never been stopped by a government official. There are many concerns that the snake population in Pakistan is decreasing as a number of consistent killings of these reptiles. But Talib thinks otherwise. He says that the population of snakes has not decreased in Pakistan and it is still as easy to find snakes in Pakistan as it was a decade or so ago.
Pakistan is a country with very little opportunities for entertainment and Talib surely provides them with a hugely entertaining experience. His performances are especially quite popular among the children. On one hand such acts do provide entertainment to the general public, but on the other hand they put the wildlife of the country at risk and promote the killings of the wild animals in the country.
What do you guys think about these dangerous and entertaining performances of Talib? Do let us know in the comments section below.
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Click here to download this article in PDF format.
I am looking at a full-page ad in the Wall Street Journal. Samsung Electronics Vice-Chairman Yun is proclaiming himself “An Ardent Promoter of Digital Convergence.†Run, don’t walk, to sell your Samsung stock. Because despite a decade or two of hype, digital and technology convergence just don’t exist … and they’re irrelevant.
When two products converge, so the theory goes, you end up with a combined product that is somehow “the product of the future.†We have vague images of this new combined artifact taking over the world. But let’s get concrete: name two product categories that have successfully converged. Now name two more. You probably can’t, because products grow by differentiating, not converging.
Once upon a time there was a Model T. It came in a variety of colors (black). It came in a variety of styles (one). Then some bright marketer realized, “Hey! I’ll bet Rich people would pay more for diamond-studded seats.†Thus was the upscale car was born. Color was added … and radios … and intermittent windshield wipers. The market expanded by reaching more people, and reaching more people means creating versions of the product that reach different market segments.
A Case Study in Digital Convergence: TV and VCRs Converge (NOT!)
Consider why the TV/VCR convergence never took off (if you currently own a TV/VCR combo, please accept on faith that you’re the only person in your town who does). TVs come in many sizes. They come with many features. The features set the price and desirability. My friend Kevin paid thousands for a surround-sound capable, high-definition plasma display TV, with picture-in-screen. I paid two-hundred dollars for a TV large enough to use as a table without ever removing it from its box. Since I really need a table, I’ve never bothered to discover its other features.
VCRs offer variety, too: super-fast motion, slow motion, freeze-frame, dubbing capability, remote control, on-screen programming, automatic bar-code programming, etc.
So what does the TV/VCR convergence look like? The manufacturers choose one model of TV, one model of VCR, combine them, and voila! The result appeals to the one market segment wanting those TV features and those VCR features—a tiny subset of the TV and VCR markets.
The converged product will always offer less variety than the individual products. To offer the same variety, the converged product would need to come in models offering all the combinations of the original products’ features. If there are five VCR models and ten TV models, it would take 50 different VCR/TV combos to give consumers the same feature combinations. Manufacturers would go nuts trying to create that many product lines.
Converged products are best thought of as a niche version of the component products. A TV/VCR combo is really a TV with an extra VCR thrown on. Or maybe it’s a VCR with a free TV. Either way, it’s a subcategory of both, not a separate category.
Converged Products are Hard to Use
People like easy-to-operate tools. Even if a combined product meets a market need, it will be harder to use than the originals. A personal digital assistant (PDA) / cell phone combo needs the controls of a PDA, the controls of a cell phone, and controls for the interaction between the two devices (for example, a new control telling the PDA to dial a phone number). Most VCRs can barely be programmed by people with a Ph.D.; converged devices have no hope of being easier.
In the mid-1990s, home computers came able to function as a computer, FAX machine, answering machine, and voice-mail system. I only know one person who actually used their computer as an answering machine. Most people told me it was too complicated to figure out how to use the combined capabilities; far easier to have a separate answering machine.
You Can’t Upgrade a Digital Convergence
After technology convergence, technologies promptly march on. The separate technologies keep evolving … separately. Cell phones get color, digital networks, downloadable ring-tones, and interactive games. PDAs develop more memory, plug-in cards, and direct connect capabilities with home computers. The owner of a PDA/phone combo can’t upgrade just the phone or just the PDA to get the new features they want. What was once ground-breaking becomes the biggest impediment to moving to better technology.
Technology Convergence Happens, Just Not Where We Thought
If convergence is really a myth, why doesn’t the myth die? Because convergence is real: markets may not converge, but technologies do. If you’re reading this article online, you’re almost certainly reading it on a machine that right now can do everything a home computer, fax machine, telephone, television, and stereo can do. The technology has been converging for quite some time.
Technological convergence can lead to great manufacturing efficiencies. I once consulted for a company that produced one high-end product. They released a low-end model by using a cheaper plastic casing and flipping an inside switch to disable some of the features. The manufacturing and inventory efficiency from having a single design was so great it didn’t make sense to have a separate low-end model!
Alas, pundits, vice-chairmen of the board, engineers, and business writers continue to mistake technological convergence for market convergence. They believe one leads to the other. But belief doesn’t make it so: the behind-the-scenes technological development has little direct effect on how the markets develop. Tech convergence may give us more choices, more markets, and more variety, but it will do it through market expansion, not market convergence.
Swiss army knives haven’t, don’t, and will never replace screwdrivers or knives. The technology has converged, but markets don’t care. Markets want variety: more price points, more colors, more features, and more upgrade options. Samsung may get great efficiencies from convergence, but at the end of the day, the only markets they’ll dominate with convergence are narrow niches in much larger markets.
The Myth of Digital and Technology Convergence
read time: 4 min
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A Christmas present to myself(eBay tube amp score)
Discussion in 'Amps and Cabs [BG]' started by poorbassist15, Jan 5, 2012.
1. So, in addition to my Gallien Krueger 400 RB IV, I spent around $100 for a pair of little Bogen 10 watt Challengers. I've heard that they absolutely sucked for bass, but I bought them to see what I could do anyway. One appears to have some caps drifting out of value, but the other works great. I have them plugged up to some Peavey 2x10s right now playing my computer through the good one. I just tried to use bass with one, and, to my amazement, it actually didn't sound that bad. I'm thinking of getting the 50 watter and putting some bigger transformers in it for some more bass. I will admit, they have close to no actual low end, but they sound pretty cool. I can see myself having some serious fun with these.
Pics at a later time(I'm taking them now).
Share This Page
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Shanghai police has detained 10 Turkish nationals for allegedly assisting nine "terror suspects" in Xinjiang escape from the country by supplying them with fake passports, reports said, citing the Global Times, a local newspaper. Earlier in November, another 11 people, including the nine ethnic Uighurs and two Chinese nationals, were taken in police custody. The two Chinese men had reportedly helped the men in their attempt to cross the country's border illegally.
The nine men, who belonged to the Muslim Uighur community, had forged Turkish passports and were arrested from the Shanghai airport when they were trying to board an international flight, The South China Morning Post (SCMP) reported. The suspects had reportedly said that they planned to go to Syria, Afghanistan and Pakistan, but did not mention their motive.
Terrorism-related audio and video materials were reportedly found with the suspects, police said, according to reports, adding that the men had paid 60 thousand yuan ($9,681) each for the fake passports. The Turkish men could now potentially face a sentence of two to seven years in jail, China Radio International (CRI) reported
China’s far-western region Xinjiang has witnessed violence for a long time amid ongoing clashes between the Muslim Uighur community and the ethnic majority of Han Chinese. The clashes have killed hundreds of people so far, Reuters reported. Chinese government says that the region is home to people with separatist intentions, but the Uighur community blames Beijing's repressive policies for the unrest in the region.
In October, Malaysian authorities had detained 155 people belonging to the Uighur community in Kuala Lumpur. Among them, 76 were children and the authorities found them cramped up in two apartments, with fake Turkish passports.
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Tag Archives: short story
Short Story Published in Longleaf Review
Guard TowerI’m honored to announce that I have a short story in Issue 4 of Longleaf Review, a relatively new and very cool online journal. The theme of the issue is aliens, just in time for the Halloween season, but the theme is broad. You can read my story “The International Congress for Kids Whose Dads are Commie Draft Dodgers,” among so many other great essays, stories, and poems. For me, this is one more historical fiction story, part of what I hope will amount to a manuscript for a collection. For now, though, I have a full, rich online journal to read.
28 Unexcused Absences Later
He skipped class for few days when flu season started, just to stay healthy, and a few days turned into watching every episode of Seinfeld. Ten weeks, when he finally left his dorm room after realizing his roommate hadn’t returned in weeks, he found that campus was dead empty. Garbage cans were upturned and trash was everywhere, and it wasn’t even football season. Posters were stapled to the bulletin boards encouraging students to get flu shots, and next to those were more recent-looking posters calling for military intervention in the university, only some of which were from Turning Point USA.
In the cafeteria, he heard rustling among the tables, the weeks-old bowls of cereal on the floor and ominously empty orange juice bottles. Another student hobbled out of the corner, limbs stiff, eyes glazed over. This student was wrapped in several layers of winter clothes, but still she was pale and had a terrible cough. He recognized all the symptoms: it was the flu. The infected student hobbled toward him asking for vitamin C, so he fled the cafeteria and went to find his 8:30 AM class.
He ran to his classroom, which was deserted except for a few stray backpacks and a desperate warning to get out scribbled on the whiteboard in red dry erase marker. Desks were upturned and a misplaced syllabus was on the floor. He picked it up and wondered if his professor would still give him a D even after missing 28 days of class.
A stack of in-class writing he found next to the computer detailed the gradual collapse of the university as the flu spread across campus. The President ran away as a faction of armed deans staged a coup to protect themselves from the infected. The football coaches drove off, and the business administration faculty barricaded themselves in their offices, armed with the elephant guns that all business administration professors are required to have at all times to protect themselves from the critical theorists. Chaos reigned: the tenured preyed on the adjuncts, the biological science majors feasted on the humanities students, and a rogue band of pre-med students took to finding a cure. They were holed up in the math building, the last place anybody would look for survivors, where they intended to make a break for it as soon as they had enough hand sanitizer.
The student stood in his classroom and wished he had skipped class again today. He started to feel a little chill, too, and his throat was starting to get sore. He went out looking for the surviving pre-med students, to see if they had any OJ or chicken noodle soup. He didn’t even realize he was coughing when he left the building.
Short Story Published in Waxwing
on-the-roadI’m honored to have my short story “Scouting Locations” published in Issue XIII of Waxwing, one of my favorite literary journals. It’s one of several historical fiction stories that made up my MA thesis at UNL. It’s about old Hollywood, among other things. But before you read it, you should read the other excellent work featured in Waxwing.
The Life and Times of a Short Story
short-story-draftThe young short story begins with a bang as the author manages to write six thousand words in several non-continuous sittings over the course of two weeks, though the author will later describe it in workshop as a single moment of creative pure truth. The short story matures with each passing workshop, experiencing growing pains, expanding and then suddenly being cut by a thousand words repeatedly, and not just because Rick from workshop said it “felt a little novelish.”
Still young for a while, the short story has a weird look. The story has a lot of split endings and wears a tight title that leaves little to the reader’s imagination, which the author is unaware of for several weeks because the author is too busy trying to understand Rick’s workshop submission, which involves a duck and how great New York apparently is.
Eventually, the story graduates from college with a sense of completion: the story has a clear beginning and ending and a fitting title. The story is submitted to four small literary journals. Like many American short stories, this story waits confidently for six months while resting in the back of the author’s hard drive with several older, wiser short stories.
After the first four rejections, the short story wonders about getting a better title, or if there was something wrong with the cover letter. The author polishes the story a bit with a quick makeover and pedicure to work out the typos and plot holes, then sends the reinvigorated story out to five journals. The short story’s determination is palpable.
But palpable determination is not enough, because after five more rejections, the story spirals into a mid-life crisis and gets two new characters and a new ending and then loses five hundred words after going to the gym. The short story feels better and is sent off to seventeen journals, six of which have already rejected the story as politely as is possible in an email. Meanwhile, Rick from workshop has been coasting on his one probably accidental publication in The New Yorker.
Seventeen rejections later, the short story finally decides to retire out of frustration. The author sees the potential in the story, but understands the difficulty in publication and ultimately thinks that better stories are waiting to be written. The author could dwell on the story for ten more years, but several new ideas have emerged in the author’s imagination, so the short story quietly goes back into a file on the author’s computer, solemnly labeled “Short Stories,” and is never heard from again. But the story lives on quietly in the author’s memory, and the memory of Rick from workshop who said it was pretentious and overwritten, but his characters are all just watered down versions of himself, so he can go lick a brick.
Invite List of the Men’s March
Protestors in Flagstaff, AZ, Winter of 2009, who just so totally accepted (without complaint or whiny over-dramatic public display) the election of Obama, courtesy of Lost Compass Photography.
To begin with, organizers would disagree about who to invite. Percolating through social media spontaneity, the Men’s March would draw folks who (apparently unable to cope with the emotions they felt at the sight of women moving forward in a linear direction expressing a desire to not be assaulted) would want to band together and reclaim their long-lost manhood.
Robert Bly would be there of course, but because Manly Men © have been defunding the humanities for so long, nobody would actually know who he was, and he would sit in a corner shirtless beating a drum, alone.
There would be a substantial debate about inviting women. Sarah Palin, Kellyanne Conway, Michelle Bachman, and other female meninist allies would show up, but would be accused by a few marchers of preventing men from enjoying their bro-friendly safe spaces.
Glenn Beck would show up and, within ten minutes, begin crying. Even though his tears would be patriotic and cowboy-like, a few hardliners would dismiss him. Attempting to recover their lost ideal manly hair-sweat manhood, organizers would publicly invite Nick Offerman, only to realize that he attended the Women’s March, thus disqualifying him. Organizers would desperately tag alt-righters with questions about which men they would invite to help recover America’s manly bearded manhood.
Ernest Hemingway? dead. Evel Knievel? dead. Charlton Heston? dead. John Wayne? dead. David Foster Wallace? dead. Elvis Presley? probably dead. George Washington? very dead. Freddie Mercury? queer and dead. Muhammad Ali? Muslim pacifist and dead. Johnny Cash? advocated for Native Americans too often and dead. Roger Goodell? too many penalties. Nick Offerman? feminist. Robert Bly? poet. Clint Eastwood? old Hollywood elite. JFK? dead cuck. John McCain? living cuck. Mike McCarthy? did you even see the Falcons game? All the oldschool manly male beer-stained men would be either dead or somehow disqualified. Organizers would realize this too late, but could easily tweet photos of the Women’s March and call it the Men’s March as a convenient alternative.
In the end, the number of men fitting the standard would be thirty-seven. Those in attendance would chant about being persecuted by society’s trends, like all the feminists not in congress, not passing laws requiring men to father children even if they don’t want to. They would complain about the woman who is not President and who was never recorded bragging about grabbing men by the purifier. Marchers would lament their dead sense of manhood in a prolonged circle-jerk of one another’s angst (but not in a fun way).
There would be many issues marchers would not discuss. Mike Pence would not mention mental illness among men or alcoholism or drug abuse. Franklin Graham would not mention institutional poverty or suicide rates among men, boys, and gay youths in particular. Piers Morgan would not bring up the consequences of concussions for football players or the fact that male rape victims tend not to be taken seriously. From the start organizers would be unconcerned with men as a totality. They would not care enough to lobby for men who are gay, foreign, disabled, or suffering a mental illness. Instead, they would see only themselves reflected in a wilderness of mirrors as they marched, self-consciously alone.
Coming Home for Christmas After the Boston Tea Party
The Destruction of Tea at Boston Harbor, by Nathaniel Currier, 1846, Hand-Colored Lithograph
On December 16, 1773, the Sons of Liberty checked their phones for messages about the plan. Some Tweeted about it as they crept on board the British ship; others posted Instagram pictures of the tea crates they dumped into the Boston Harbor, one after another. #coffeefromnowon. #revolution. #dumptea. Throughout the night, several Sons posted updates on the SoL Forum. Meanwhile, crate after crate of imported tea splashed into the salty, frigid water.
John Adams live-tweeted the affair with considerable criticism, but a new hashtag surfaced: #sitdownjohn. Frustrated, he stayed inside while the protest unfolded. Several Native American pages posted their own frustration that the Sons of Liberty were dressing up as Mohawks, pointing out the inaccuracies and retribution the British might take against them, but the protest continued unabated. Some tagged King George in their posts.
The next morning, King George deleted his Twitter account, then reopened it again to post “Not cool” several times. The Sons of Liberty felt like they had accomplished a good shaming.
A week later, Sons and Patriots returned home for Christmas. The media expressed a disorganized uproar about the protest, with Loyalist blogs calling the Sons of Liberty terrorists and the Sons of Liberty tagging everything #donttreadonme and #goteabagyourself. Some Sons returned to divided families: a Loyalist cousin here, a Quaker moderate in-law there.
It was particularly awkward at the Adams Christmas Party. Refusing to yield his position, John spent the entire time standing up, while his cousin Sam spent his time in a corner liking and retweeting every post of a tarred-and-feathered British tradesman. John called it grotesque of him to like so much shaming; Sam told him to stop shaming him for his views. Sam pointed out that John defended the Red Coats after the Boston Massacre three years earlier, calling him out for defending people who killed Americans; John called out Sam for passively defending a whiny group of protestors. Meanwhile, Abigail Adams drank whiskey in the billiard room and thought very seriously about tarring and feathering both John and Sam. She was, after all, ashamed of both of them. They liked the shock and awe of sharing listicles reinforcing their stances, like preaching to two different choirs. “Ten Horrible Things King George Has Done in Ireland,” “Nine Ways the Revolution Fails at Intersectionality,” “You Won’t Believe the Feathers on This Loyalist Cuck.”
Abigail had visited a Boston general hospital weeks earlier after a tax collector she had befriended was tarred and feathered at the docks. She remembered the way the hot tar stuck to his skin, the difficulty of pulling it off, the way it stuck to doctors who tried to remove it, making him untouchable, unapproachable. He refused to speak to Abigail for her husband’s politics, and instead stared at the ceiling while doctors treated his burn wounds.
Sam called John a feisty little tea drinker, and John called Sam a caffeinated warmonger. They were on the verge of tarring each other right there at the party, and if they did, Abigail knew that she would pull the dried tar from both morons while they lay side by side, listening to each other’s crying. Even that, she posted on Tumblr passive aggressively, wouldn’t get them to meet one another halfway.
Short Story Published in Circa
sparks upI’m pleased to announce that my short story “The End of Akrotiri” has been published in Circa, an excellent online journal of historical fiction. The story is about life in a historical Bronze Age Aegean site called Akrotiri before it was destroyed during the eruption of Thera in the 1600s BCE. I would be honored if you took a gander at it, and please check out the other stories I have the privilege of sharing this volume with.
This story is also a taste of what I intend to be my Master’s Thesis: a collection of short historical fiction stories set in different moments of cataclysm and transition. I want to explore varying forms of intimacy between people and places as ways of transcending climactic turmoil. But these are all details for my committee. For now, just enjoy a gentle, loving story about a volcanic eruption that killed everyone everywhere.
P.S. I listened to “All Used Up” by the wonderful Utah Phillips and “Funtimes in Babylon by Father John Misty while writing and revising this story. Neither of these songs have anything to do with ancient Greek volcanoes, but they did put me in the right mood for writing about the end of the world.
Writer Seeks Characters
March 3: Aspiring writer seeks three to four characters for minor literary endeavor, entitled Untitled Novel. Characters must be diverse, original, and snappy. Villains always appreciated.
March 9: Writer seeks one to two sympathetic protagonists to balance the fourteen unsympathetic villains who answered prior ad. One must be fluent in Russian. Quirks and comic relief are highly valued.
March 10: Fourteen unused unsympathetic villains seek good writer. Willing to die violently; highly skilled in diabolical laughter, fear, surprise, ruthless efficiency, etc.
March 15: Lonely protagonist seeks sidekick and/or love interest. Must have agency, thorough backstory, and moderate comic relief. Static characters strictly prohibited.
March 22: Writer seeks spare subplot involving a gun. Alternative subplots acceptable, but must end in the death of an unexpected love interest the writer doesn’t know what else to do with.
March 25: Postmodern short story seeks ironic resolution for a plot involving fourteen unsympathetic villains. Violent deaths are acceptable, but must be meaningless.
March 29: Writer has unused Chekhovian subplot available, after finding a stray Deus Ex Machina in the shed.
April 9: Hastily killed-off love interest seeks new story, preferably one with a less obviously Freudian subtext and better dialogue.
April 11: Writer has unused Freudian subtext available. Writer also requests to be given a break, Marsha, the dialogue wasn’t that bad.
April 15: Postmodernist writer seeks editor and agent for polished fourteen-villain ironic story.
April18: Protagonist seeks new writer who doesn’t kill off characters just to fill a few chapters.
April 20: Struggling writer seeks copyright lawyer for advice on a recently run-away protagonist.
April 25: Escaped protagonist looking for work, has experience with romantic subplots but prefers complex internal conflict.
April 30: Aspiring writer seeks runaway protagonist. Please come back, Harold.
May 1: Postmodernist writer seeks complex internal conflict for new protagonist.
May 16: Writer seeks runaway protagonist, promises to try harder this time, really he will.
May 18: Seriously, Harold, I created you. What am I supposed to do now?
May 23: Postmodernist writer seeks good journal for a metafictional buddy/love story entitled “Marsha, Harold, and the Writer.”
May 30: Writer seeks three to four characters to collaborate on revising an old plot; is willing to work with characters closely; is willing to let the characters move the plot along.
June 2: Unused plot devices, tropes, and schemes available, no charge.
Instructions for a Camping Trip: An Interactive Short Story
I love camping, so I wrote a short story (in the form of an instruction manual) about it.
Step One: Pack matches, a tent, sleeping bags, pads, pillows, snacks, beer, camera, books, flashlights, water, knives, and then proceed to follow directions from printed maps, a GPS, and a passenger’s memory of “shortcuts” from five years ago.
If you make a wrong turn, proceed to Step Two.
If you miraculously make all the right turns, proceed to Step Four.
Step Two: Following one of several misleading directions, you find yourself in a condo development several miles off course. Find the nearest dirt road back to the freeway.
If you make it back to the freeway, proceed to Step Four.
If you find yourself in a deserted farm with fifteen scarecrows all facing you, proceed to Step Fifteen.
If you stop and ask for directions, proceed to Step Three.
Step Three: After finding the right directions back to the freeway, having asked between one and thirteen grizzled old farmers holding shotguns and potted daisies, you get back on track two hours late but determined nevertheless. Proceed to Step Four.
Step Four: You pull into the campsite, pay the grizzled old camp director holding a shotgun and a potted daisy, and proceed to set up the camping equipment.
If the tent you brought is not broken, proceed to Step Seven.
If the tent you brought is broken, proceed to Step Five.
Step Five: Use everything in your car to fix the tent (clamps, chairs, knives, potted daisies, etc.). Proceed to Step Six.
Step Six: After fixing the tent, you find yourselves exhausted and take a nap. Missing an hour of daylight, you wake up and realize
that someone forgot the bug spray and you are surrounded by bees (proceed to Step Sixteen), or
that you all brought and used bug spray but it inevitably failed and you are nevertheless surrounded by bees (proceed to Step Seven).
Step Seven: You set up all camping equipment, including a bee trap fashioned from a plate of syrup well away from your tent, and you proceed to make a campfire.
If you succeed on the first try, proceed to Step Ten.
If you fail on the first try, proceed to Step Eight.
Step Eight: Nobody can get the fire started.
If you put your heads together and manage to build a successful fire using old copies of Dan Brown novels, proceed to Step Ten.
If you insist on starting the fire the way you saw that survivalist on TV do it involving a shoelace and several ounces of beer, inevitably failing, proceed to Step Nine.
Step Nine: You all give up and decide to camp without a fire, end up freezing, and drink what little alcohol is left for warmth. Proceed to Step Sixteen.
Step Ten: The tent is up, the fire is going, and you are all sitting comfortably in a circle making s’mores and drinking frosty cold beers. You lean back, gaze up at the stars, and
realize that you are insignificant but stranded beautifully on a fragile planet, and that it is your responsibility to care for your world (proceed to Step Eighteen), or
realize that you are insignificant, which induces an existential crisis causing increased alcohol consumption (proceed to Step Nineteen), or
fall backward in your chairs and wonder why you went camping in the first place (proceed to Step Eleven).
Step Eleven: Annoyed at camping in general, you all pull out your phones to see which celebrities have started dating each other, but discover there is no service in the woods.
If this frustrates you, proceed to Step Twelve.
If you return to toasting marshmallows, proceed to Step Thirteen.
Step Twelve: Your unquenchable desire for modern technology drives you to wander into the woods holding your smartphones into the air hoping to find a signal. Proceed to Step Seventeen.
Step Thirteen: Somebody pulls out a harmonica and plays a soulful rendition of Paul Simon’s “You Can Call Me Al.” Proceed to Step Fourteen.
Step Fourteen: You realize that a desire for luxury is the last chain enslaving humankind to capitalism, and that if we all lived a minimalist’s life together in a commune and devoted ourselves to art and human companionship, the corporations would all go extinct and we would open up the doors to Heaven on Earth. Proceed to Step Eighteen.
Step Fifteen: Now stuck countless miles from any sign of human life, you all get out of the car and proceed to argue. Proceed to Step Sixteen.
Step Sixteen: Furious at one another for your collective insensitivities, self-centeredness, and refusal to accept responsibility for your mistakes, you use all the camping equipment to kill each other. Proceed to Step Seventeen.
Step Seventeen: You are all eaten by coyotes. The End.
Step Eighteen: After waking up to the sound of birds and running water the next day, you feel spiritually and socially invigorated and return to the plastic confines of civilization with a renewed sense of meaning and a deeper understanding of the divine, determined to be a better person to the world as a whole. You then sell all the pointless crap you’ve spent decades accumulating, give the money to charity, and finally start playing music again. The End.
Step Nineteen: Having had too much to drink, you sob about the terrible state of the world, the wars, the power that big business has over you, how expendable you are in the scheme of things, the fact that Unfriended was ever produced in the first place, and wander around the campground despondent and terrified.
When the camp director finds you, he
uses his shotgun to “motivate” you back into your tent for a night of silent introspection (proceed to Step Eighteen), or he
uses his shotgun to “motivate” you out of the campground entirely (proceed to Step Seventeen), or he
kindly offers you bread, water, and painkillers, then proceeds to teach you about Zen Buddhism, which you diligently listen to as long as drunk people can before falling asleep (Proceed to Step Eighteen).
For more information on camping, consult your nearest grizzled old farmer.
Copyright Keene Short, 2015
The Case of the Empty Inbox
The Vast Unknown In December, I submitted five short stories to small literary presses and journals for potential publication. One sent me a rejection within a week, but the rest took their time. Four months later, I had received one new rejection, leaving three still looking over my work or letting it rust in a fat stack of emails from countless other writers.
Curious about the long wait, I looked up each remaining journal to check the reading periods, see if they posted information about a delay, or (I vainly hoped) had published my work and simply forgot to tell me. I remembered that one journal had not sent a confirmation email, and I discovered that it was no longer active, and indeed no longer available. Their links on databases for writers only took me to empty Could Not Be Found pages. Information about it existed on other sites, blogs, and five-year-old lists of calls for submissions, but the journal itself was simply gone. I know it was up and running in December when I sat at a cold kitchen table adjusting my cover letter and drinking Christmas-gift coffee. It’s not surprising that small online journals struggle, even stop publishing, but what would prompt it to vanish from the face of the Internet?
Somewhere in the foggy bays of the web sits an email containing a short story, a cover letter, and my name at the bottom. Is it still drifting along in the electronic waves, lost forever? Did it find itself to the inbox before the editors abandoned their little island? Did anybody bother to unpack the document in its cargo? Did other emails not make it in time and drift away into the darkness? I once read a sample of short stories and poems from this journal, not only defunct but scuttled and drowned, without proof that anybody once perused its archives, and it’s a bit spooky. I will probably never know why the little journal disappeared. The mystery may go unsolved forever.
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Marc'Antonio Ingegneri
(c.1536 - 1592)
Italian composer. A pupil of Vincento Ruffo (in Verona) and Rore, he moved to Cremona well before 1572, where he was prefect of music (by 1578) and later maestro di capella(by 1579) at the cathedral; it was in that city that Monteverdi studied with him. He published ten books of sacred music and eight of madrigals. Though he showed himself fairly conventional in the former, the madrigals were in the modern manner after Rore; Monteverdi considered them to belong to the Seconda Prattica. Twenty-seven responseries for Holy Week by him were long considered to be by Palestrina.
IVO: Sacred Music in the Italian Cinquecentooutside Venice and Rome
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5 Core Monetary Principles of Financial Security
5 Core Monetary Principles of Financial Security
We are explaining five core monetary principles for building financial security.
The path to financial security lies in realization and implementation of core monetary principles. The knowledge is hidden in plain sight, it is enough to show interest in what is happening with you and around you.
To enhance your financial security, you must understand a set of rules of money evolution. Ancient history serves as a primary source that helps us get to the roots of financial security. The main merit of the of the ancient Greek philosopher Aristippus is his contributions - philosophical treatises that stand for liberation of the human mind and exploration of the material world. Thanks to his work, horizons were broadened, giving a whole new perspective for spiritually awakened people. Apart from it, language evolved, opportunities expanded, knowledge accumulated, new political orders were established. As a result, the sphere of commodity and money relations was developed.
In the uncertain, constantly changing world, besides the need of making a living, exists a real need for financial security. Human cravings to save, gain and multiply assets become stronger.
Forming principals of financial security are based on capital investment, savings, perspective, philanthropy and unity. Let's take a look at the 5 core principles that will allow you to strengthen your financial security and financial security of your loved ones.
1. The principle of capital
Capital refers to the total amount of goods, property, assets, used for profit or wealth building. Capital, undeniably, is a reliable guarantor of the financial security. We recommend you to define capital as your asset, and then ask yourself, what capital means for you personally? Do not measure your self-worth based on your cash flow history. Evaluate the overall impact of skills and knowledge that you possess today and in what terms they are expressed.
Don't forget that new skills open up new financial opportunities and help gain the confidence of tomorrow’s day.
Your confidence in knowledge helps you embark on the path of financial security. For instance, if you know your product inside and out, you will successfully present it to potential customers. In this case a chance to close the deal gets much higher.
2. The principle of savings
People have a habit of spending more than they can earn. Lack of Financial Security (LFS) Virus can be caught by such people. Following the principle of savings helps you combat frivolous spending and get rid of LFS Virus once and for all. Saving 5-10% of you income creates the necessary financial reserve for unforeseen expenses. You can take the modest approach. Just remember that money can work in any way.
3. The principle of perspective
The essence of this principle is to make your savings grow by using them as an investment tool. In terms of capacity, profit and risk are closely interrelated. However, low-risk and high-income investments can be distinguished, for example, investments in gold. This precious metal is constantly growing in price. Banking experts predict an increase in the value of gold up to $1700 per ounce in the year 2018. By buying gold, you care about your financial security.
4. The principle of philanthropy
If we all take the importance of the philanthropy principle as axiomatic, it becomes obvious that charity and patronage are keys for unlocking abundance, as any form of charity expands not only social sphere but also business, culture, arts, entrepreneurship in general.
For example, 2% of income donated to the needs of others would make the world a better place, and people - unified. The sense of financial security won't be lost if you follow this principle. When you give, you always get more in return.
5. The principle of unity
Prosperity is determined by the team of like-minded individuals with common goals and shared values. If one is supported by the group, the Lack of Financial Security (LFS) Virus gets absolutely powerless.
By being a member of the team, you can define the course of actions as well as determine methods of achieving the desirable.
Each and every client of Global InterGold is a part of the united collective (made up of 2 million people) that acts as one.
Global InterGold is the company that focuses on people’s well-being and helps turning your aspirations into reality with one goal in mind: to achieve financial security, create a better world and improve the quality of life for its clients.
Read more
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Middle East
Syria unrest: Pro-Assad rallies in Damascus and Aleppo
Media playback is unsupported on your device
Media captionThousands gathered in Damascus in support of President Bashar al-Assad
The pro-Assad rallies come in response to a government appeal on Monday.
President Assad is widely expected to announce a raft of changes in the next day or two in response to the unrest, which has left dozens of people dead.
Correspondents say the government is expected to resign later on Tuesday for failing to meet people's demands.
Live footage being aired on Syrian state television shows crowds of people in the capital Damascus, as well as Aleppo, Hasaka, Homs and Hama.
The demonstrators are chanting slogans such as: "God, Syria and Bashar only" and "We will sacrifice our lives and blood for you, Bashar".
School children were given the day off and bank employees and other workers were allowed two hours to attend the demonstrations, the AP news agency reports.
Emergency laws
Mr Assad is trying to quell almost two weeks of pro-democracy protests against his regime that human rights groups say has left more than 60 people dead.
The unrest has become the biggest threat to the rule of President Assad, 45, who succeeded his father Hafez on his death in 2000.
The turmoil started after the arrest of several teenagers who scrawled anti-government graffiti on a wall in the southern city of Deraa, and quickly spread to other provinces.
Violence has eased in the past few days, but Syrian security forces are patrolling the streets of Deraa and the Mediterranean port city of Latakia.
On Monday, troops fired tear gas at hundreds of people who had gathered in Deraa and were calling for more political freedom, witnesses said.
Mr Assad is expected to address the nation in the next 24 hours to announce that he is lifting a nearly 50-year state of emergency and moving to annul other harsh restrictions on civil liberties and political freedom.
Analysts say there are divergent views within the Syrian leadership on handing the crisis - one group favours a crackdown on the dissent while the other prefers dialogue.
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Star 1 Copy 9Star 1Star 1
Back to Solutions
Research Control Valve (RCV)
High Temperature Gas Control for Automotive Test Cell
Today’s automotive industry relies on automated test cells to help shorten the development times for new vehicles and automotive engineering technologies, and enable time-consuming and expensive test procedures to be relocated to reproducible test facilities.
Environmental-related testing is of particular importance to the automotive sector. However, emissions from gas or diesel engines can be characterized, regulated, or controlled only if they are accurately measured.
The following case study describes the use of advanced gas control valve technology by an automotive test system manufacturer. This application required a robust device for modulating high-temperature exhaust gas as part of a backpressure measurement solution in an engine test cell.
Test cell equipment is commonly found in a wide range of automotive research, development and production environments. For example, test cells are utilized to develop, characterize and test new engine designs. The test apparatus allows engine operation over varying performance criteria and offers a wide range of measurements, including: coolant flow for heat balance studies, oil flow to ensure proper lubrication, fuel and intake air flow to optimize combustion efficiency, and exhaust gas flow to assure the engine and catalytic converter system comply with clean air guidelines (See Fig. 1).
Figure 1. Automated test cells are utilized to develop, characterize and test new engine designs.
During the development process for new vehicles, specifically work involving combustion, torque drive train and auxiliary components, Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) use test cells to verify 100 percent certification of performance and reliability over a part’s full range of inputs. Each component must pass rigorous validation procedures for design acceptance.
Uses for a Test Cell
There is a continuous demand for precision automotive testing solutions for research, development and end-of-line testing, including media supply and control, automation and measuring equipment. These can be single, stand-alone test benches or entire test facilities.
An automated engine test stand typically houses various sensors or transducers, data acquisition devices and actuators to control the engine state. The sensors measure physical variables of interest, such as:
• Crankshaft torque and angular velocity
• Intake air and fuel consumption rates
• Air-fuel ratio for the intake mixture
• Environmental pollutant concentrations in exhaust gas
• Different configurations of hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter
• Temperatures and gas pressures at several locations on the engine body
• Atmospheric conditions such as temperature, pressure and humidity
Backpressure Application
Suppliers of automotive testing equipment provide highly complex systems to examine the exhaust gases of production vehicles and prototypes under all reproducible climatic conditions. These systems may feature a chassis dynamometer, precision fuel metering, airflow simulation, combustion air and CVS exhaust dilution bag sampling, fuel tank temperature control, and other sophisticated capabilities.
Pressure is an important part of engine testing, emissions monitoring and automotive component testing. That’s why wherever there are engines being tested, there are likely transducers and valves measuring and controlling everything from air intake pressures to exhaust backpressures (See Fig. 2).
Figure 2. Excessive exhaust backpressure seriously affects engine operation.
A slight pressure in an engine’s exhaust system is normal. However, excessive exhaust backpressure seriously affects engine operation. It may cause an increase in the air box pressure with a resultant loss in the efficiency of the blower. This means less air for scavenging, which results in poor combustion and
higher temperatures.
Choosing the Right Solution
Experience has shown that measuring liquids and gases used in automotive test cells demands superior instrument performance. For example, a test equipment manufacturer building an engine testing apparatus for an OEM sought a solution for modulating high-temperature (850° F) exhaust gas in their system. The measurement process required precise backpressure control, including a control valve capable of modulating to maintain an inlet pressure of 300 psig (the outlet pressure was atmospheric). The required flow rate, given P1 and P2, called for a Cv of 21.
This application presented three primary challenges:
1. The fluid temperature was beyond the capabilities of a normal valve and packing.
2. The psig shut-off pressure was very high.
3. Accurate and reliable pressure control was necessary for a successful application.
The test equipment manufacturer consulted with SW Controls, Inc. (Farmington Hills, Michigan) for assistance in selecting an appropriate control valve for their application. SW Controls is one of the Midwest’s largest process control representatives and distributor organizations, stocking a large inventory of control valves, flow meters, transmitters, controllers, and
After considering alternative valve technologies, the Badger Meter Research Control® Valve (RCV) Model 9000 valve was selected for the engine test cell. The Model 9000 is an ANSI Class 300 valve with a bolted bonnet and post-guided inner-valve. It is designed for modulating control of liquids and vapors in environments where compact size, coupled with the ability to withstand high temperature and pressure, are essential (See Fig. 3).
Figure 3. The Badger Meter RCV Model 9000 control valve is designed to withstand high temperature and pressure.
The RCV valve was well-suited to meet the end user’s requirements due to its multiple trim sizes and actuator bench ranges. The device’s optional graphite packing and unique extended bonnet were other important features, since unlike common Teflon® packing, the graphite packing will not melt under extreme temperatures.
The valve employed in this application featured a two-inch, 316 stainless steel wafer body and was configured with a size 35
air-to-open/fail-closed actuator with six springs, providing a 6…30 psig bench range. It utilized a 12-psi preload and was installed in the flow-to-open direction. The device trim had a Cv of 21 with a linear characteristic.
The valve actuator’s pre-formed diaphragm and multi-springs ensure extremely linear travel versus input signal performance. Plus, its single “O” ring and Nylatron guide bushing provide minimum hysteresis. Users can adjust the spring preload to suit their specific closing force requirements. The actuator also includes adjustable travel stops. Featuring powder-coated steel construction, this design offers added protection against abuse and corrosion.
The RCV control valve was mated to an electro-pneumatic positioner to position the valve based on a 4-20 mA control signal. The positioner delivers fully automatic determination of the control parameters and adaptation to the final control element.
Project Results
The test equipment manufacturer worked closely with SW Controls to specify the right gas measurement and control solution for the automotive test cell. The project was a success as it met the following key criteria:
The high process temperature led to the selection of 316 SS valve body material, as well as a specialized, 10-inch extended bonnet and graphite packing.
The high shut-off pressure required the use of a 6…30 psig bench range with 12 psig preload. The 300 psig process inlet pressure multiplied through the large Cv creates a strong upward thrust, which tries to lift the plug off the seat.Compressing the actuator springs with a 12 psig preload opposes the upward thrust and successfully holds the valve closed in its fail-safe condition.
The use of a high-accuracy electro-pneumatic positioner strokes the valve from closed to full open as the control signal ramps from 4 to 20 mA. The valve’s graphite packing, necessitated by high process temperature, adds hysteresis; however, the positioner overcomes this condition and provides smooth control, taking advantage of the valve’s 50:1 rangeability.
The success of this application can be attributed to the broad product offering of Badger Meter, coupled with the consultative capabilities and automotive industry experience provided by SW Controls.
Badger Meter leverages more than a century of flow measurement expertise and advanced, yet proven technology to optimize the most demanding applications. It offers an extensive portfolio of products, services and solutions to measure and control water, air, steam, oil, and other liquids and gases.
The RCV line of control valves is constantly developing and evolving in order to satisfy ever-changing application demands in the field. Featuring a wide breadth of configurable and compatible options, RCV valves can be designed to perform strongly in a wide variety of demanding flow control applications.
SW Controls maintains a staff of dedicated application and sales engineers, inside support personnel and factory trained service technicians to assist customers with their requirements.
To date, the automotive test system has been operating precisely and the Badger Meter RCV gas control solution is exceeding the end user’s expectations in a challenging application environment.
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https://www.badgermeter.com/articles/high-temperature-gas-control-for-automotive-test-cell/
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Wednesday, February 26, 2014
Harold Ramis...genius?
In the 36 hours since I heard about Harold Ramis' death, I have seen five articles that referred to him directly or obliquely as a comic genius.
Really? A genius? He co-wrote four extremely entertaining comedies over a 34-year career: "Animal House," "Ghostbusters," "Caddyshack" and "Groundhog Day." (He also directed the latter two.) A bunch of his second-tier projects -- "Stripes," Meatballs," "Analyze This" -- are easy to watch.
He diluted a lot of good memories by turning hits into bad TV spinoffs ("Delta House"), unnecessary sequels ("Analyze That") or feeble copies. (There are nearly a dozen "Ghostbusters" movies, TV shows and video games.) He hadn't made a decent feature in 15 years when he died Monday.
That's not to knock the stuff he did well, and I think he didn't get enough credit in obituaries for contributing skits and episodes in the 1970s to "SCTV," which was laugh-out-loud funny much of the time. But why can't writers be content with calling him "an influential filmmaker" or "a witty director" or even "a guy who knew what makes America laugh"?
There haven't been many true geniuses in the 100 years that people have made feature-length films. When we apply that word, we cheapen it for the people who really are geniuses, and we don't do Ramis a service: It's pretentious to apply it, even posthumously.
Ramis once modestly said "I'm at my best when I'm working with really talented people, and I'm there to gently suggest or guide or inspire or contribute whatever I can to their effort." He frequently did that, and his movies remain appealing because he did. But I'm pretty sure he never thought he was a genius -- or would want to be called one.
Anonymous said...
I wouldn't classify "Stripes" as second-tier. When you add in directing Vacation, Harold's top 6 movies are about as good as it can get.
Anonymous said...
Name anything that comes close to Animal House. It was a groundbreaking comedy.
If Ramis wasn't a comic genius who was? I've never read anything very funny from Einstein,Newton or DaVinci. So I think he has those guys beat.
Lawrence Toppman said...
I don't like to comment on my own blogs, but my point was that media hype oversells people to the extent that words become meaningless. I considered Ramis influential, funny and a guy with a finger on America's comic pulse -- simply not a genius, a word I don't think he would have wanted to apply to himself.
Anonymous said...
And Weird he's a comedy genius.
Anonymous said...
And Lawrence Toppman is still an idiot!!!! Miss me Toppy?
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11/16/12 Warriors @ Wolves Preview/Thread
The 4th Google Image Result for "David Lee Fail" and thus the obvious photo pick.
After a gut-crushing Kemba Walker game winner the other night, the Wolves take on the undermanned Warriors tonight at Target Center, the last game in a busy stretch before an extended break through next Wednesday. The Warriors are not a very good team, but the Wolves will still have quite the mountain to climb to emerge victorious, with the amount of injuries to date still remaining comical. Don't look now, but the Warriors are a quiet 4-4 and remain a concern for the playoff race down the stretch. As such, this is a quasi must-win statement game, even if it is early in the season. Some bullets:
-Josh Howard's debut. Josh Howard is officially signed, sealed and delivered. He naturally passed his physical this morning, which is clearly quite the task for our training staff, who would likely clear Betty White for major minutes with the Wolves (I can hear Gregg Farnam yelling to Adelman now, "Hey Coach! She's good to go!"). What does he have left in the tank? Can he provide size and defense off the bench? Can he shoot better than Wes Johnson could have? I am intrigued, and it might be the most interesting story line of the evening. If for any reason than to provide closure on 9-years of bitterness for the notorious selection of Ndudi Ebi.
Perimeter D and Alternate Dimensions/Universes. Malcolm Lee again has a sizable test tonight, guarding Klay Thompson and/or Steph Curry. With David Lee not exactly blowing out the box scores early on in the season, the Warriors will rely on their back court for much of the scoring load. Lee's pesky, annoying efforts on D are going to be a big key to maintaining the possibility of a victory. There is an alternate universe with Curry (being correctly picked over national boob Jonny Flynn) on the Wolves and Mark Jackson coaching the squad, which is notable, especially if you are trying to make a game preview a little bit longer in length. If you really want to get deep on the alternate universe theory, perhaps there is even one where Kahn flips Love to Golden State for Anthony Randolph and a pick (as was actually rumored), and then signs David Lee in 2010. Kahn did, after all, bring him to town when he was a free agent and took him to a Twins game. Can you bloody imagine? While Kahn did a helluva job this summer, this man is still your President of Basketball Operations.
-Rookie Spotlight: Harrison Barnes. Speaking of alternate universes, there is certainly one where Harrison Barnes ended up entering the 2011 draft and was picked by the Wolves over Derrick Williams at #2. Cripes, you are looking at a situation where the Wolves could have had nearly the same exact core as the Warriors do today. Prior to the draft, Barnes had been hailed by some as a bust-in the making, not exactly demonstrating an ability to score efficiently at the NBA level. Thus far, Barnes isn't scoring a tremendous amount, just under 10 a game, but his shooting percentages are sound in 8 games. He has shown he can adjust his game to the NBA level, not being a focal point of the offense, and remains the most intriguing player to watch on the GS roster.
-Steemer Redemption. The other night, Greg played a terrible game and there is no other way to put it. Let's root for Greg to make the most of his extended minutes and dominate the interior D, helping D-Will contain David Lee. It might be interesting for Rick to keep Stiemsma on Lee for defensive reasons, allowing D-Will to guard the offensively inept Festus Ezeli, filling in for the oft-injured Andrew Bogut.
-Prediction. In a vacuum, the Wolves will win this game. However, the problem with having basically every one of your consistent scorers out means one must rely on bench players to will the win. The Wolves' woefully up and down shooting percentages have been an issue to date, and should they fall into another 5-6 minute rut with no FG's, Golden State will run away with the win. If the Wolves can stay consistent, they will win. If not, it likely will not be pretty. Get well soon, everyone.
About wallyworld
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Crossword Solver
Enter a Crossword Clue
# of Letters or Pattern
Crossword Answers: Old-stage-directive
EXEUNTOld stage directive
REINOld stage line?
DUSEOld stage actress Eleanora
IMAGOOld stage for worker leads to road coming up to a green light (5)
USEDirective for "the Force" or "a condom"
PRESSDirective in some automated messages
EVICTEDPut out directive ignoring Irish revolutionary (7)
MIXRecipe directive that's a Roman numeral
MERGEHighway directive
IVPUSHICU directive
DONOTPASSGOPart of a Monopoly directive
ONITEnthusiastic response to a directive
VOTENOCampaign-ad directive
FLOSSEDObeyed a dentist's directive
COURTORDERTennis referee's directive becomes legal ruling (5,5)
INSTALLDownloader's directive
KISSMEDirective to Kate in a Cole Porter musical
OMELETTEEuropean capital lacking leadership over European directive ultim-ately, one's panned (8)
LETSGETPHYSICALOlivia Newton John's directive to an aerobics class: 3 wds.
TAKEAHARDLINESounds like directive for difficult feline robbery from zoo? This is what inflexible firm will do! (
GOROGUEDisobey directives, say
REGSDirectives, in brief
MARCHINGORDERSTroop directives
SHOWCAUSEORDERSJudicial directives
BRAKINGORDERSDirectives to slow down?
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Sunday, October 26, 2008
Way too much to do and a complaint or two. (Hey, this rhymes.)
Do my days ever end? No. That's the only answer I have. I wake up every day at 5:30 and on weekends, 6. Yeah, seriously 6. No reason, just get up. I leave my house at 6:30 Monday through Thursday and come home around 4 just to leave again at 5:30 for cheerleading practice. Thank god only 2 more practice days and a competition left. Then I come home, cook, clean, do laundry if possible, get kids bathed, shower myself, *(if I remember to) and then study until 1 maybe 2 am. Yep, then I'm up yet again at 5:30. Well, the alarm goes off at 5:15 and I finally haul my ass out of bed at 5:30.
So tonight I get a call from the girl that takes Taren to school every day and they tell me she can't do it tomorrow. Ok, no biggie, I'll call grandma. Grandma says drop her off in the morning and she'll do it. Great! I say to my dear husband, can you just drop the girls off at grandma's, she is on your way. He yells that he'll have to leave the house at 6:30 just to do that and he usually leaves at 6:45 to be at work by 7:30. Really? Um, when you take Nathan to your mother you don't usually leave the house until 6:45. Weird that you can't drop them off to my family member but what ever! (Sorry, I'm sure I'm rambling.)
I'm so tired. I work so hard in every aspect that I'm doing. Cheerleading coach, student, mom, wife, maid........the list goes on. Why, oh why can't you do one simple drop off!!! The thing is, dropping the girls off there is more on the way then dropping Nathan off at your mother's! Guess what he tells me to do. He has the nerve to tell me to get up 15 minutes earlier so I can be out of the house 15 minutes earlier. UGH, the nerve! I'm sorry all you have to do is get up at 6:30, eat your crappy breakfast and go to work. I know how hard it is to come home after a long day of working, sit down to a cold beer and put my feet up. Trust me, I know.
What's my problem? Yes, my husband works hard. Yes, we have a roof over our heads and food in our mouths. Yes, I love him unconditionally. Yes, I do appreciate every single thing he does for us. Yes, I'm tired of telling him how tired I am and maybe one day he'll see this and actually pitch in.
Why should I be the one to get 15 minutes less sleep time? Why can't he just get up and take the kids somewhere instead of me doing 2 drop offs? I do two drop offs two days a week. Nathan goes to one place on Monday and Wednesday and Taren and Kyla go to another. On Tuesday and Thursday Nathan goes to his mother's and he takes him. On Monday and Wednesday I'm constantly late for school. I hate being late anywhere and if you know me, then you know how anal I am about being late for stuff.
Maybe when I fall asleep at the wheel he'll figure it all out.
So, the holidays are coming up. Yeah, I'm a huge holiday lover. Not so much this year. We usually spoil our kids for Christmas. Soooo not going to happen this year. I'm not going to be all " woe is me". I know everyone feels the pinch. It just hurts that I can't do what I always do for them. Just sucks bad. I'm pretty sure Tim and I will just save the money and not get each other anything. It just sucks. I hate being broke!
That's all for now folks. Here are a few pics of the kids for you to enjoy.
Brooke said...
I cannot imagine doing everything you do. You are a wonderful mother, wife and coach.
kccat said...
You are sooooooo allowed to vent and complain considering the circumstances. Just remind yourself you are doing what you are doing to better yourself and your family in the end. Keep your chin up.
Annegirrl said...
I had a very small taste of what you go through this weekend. I won't vent all over you about it here, but I know exactly where you are coming from. Vent away!
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Question #90642 posted on 12/04/2017 8:02 p.m.
Dear 100 Hour Board,
This afternoon found me in a wild. catatonic stupor involving a wimpy bag of Doritos, surprisingly fresh-tasting Kroger applesauce, and the Tanner building ceiling, the latter being the subject of my inquiry. Why is there one pane of glass that's not like the others? It's not clear (the pane). Is it some kind of hatch?
-The wonderer
Dear Wonderer,
1. It came to pass that in the twenty and first year of the reign of the editors, yea, the first year in reign of the new URL a question arose in the land. Yea, the people did ponder upon the darkened pane of glass upon the glass ceiling of the Tanner Building, for it was mysterious and its origin unknown.
2. And behold, the people did wonder. And they went forth and did inquire of the Board.
3. And it came to pass that in the same year there was a great battle in the land. Yea, the students of Brigham Young did battle against midterms. And the battle was fierce, and there were many casualties.
4. And it came to pass that in the same season that the student did make battle against the midterms there arose up out of the land finals. And the finals did make battle against the students and the carnage thereof was great and terrible.
5. Yea, the battle was terrible that even the omniscience of the writers of the Board was heavily taxed.
6. And it came to pass that despite the hardship thereof, the writers did nobly answer a great number of questions, yea inquiries of every type and kind. And they did respond to the questions despite the wounds which midterms had inflicted upon them.
7. And it came to pass that a writer beset with much homework, yeah and much studying did flee north up out of the land of Clyde and did pass through the land of Richards to fulfill that which was required of him by one of his classes.
8. And while in the land of Richards he did remember the inquiry, and he did venture up into the land of Tanner, yea, he did venture into a great and spacious building.
9. And he beheld the panel, yea he did behold the panel with his very eyes.
10. And he did attempt to investigate further but his attempts to come close unto the pane were foiled for he was lost and confused and could not reach the higher floors to investigate.
11. And it came to pass that he did ponder upon the pane, and the darkness thereof. And he did record it yea, he did even take a picture thereof:
12. And he did ponder for a season, and he did note that the panel did appear to be fastened like unto the other panels. Yea, he did observe that panel did appear the same as the other panels in every way except for the shade thereof. And it came to pass that he did not observe anything upon the roof that would suggest that the panel was a latch, nor could he imagine a practical purpose for a latch in that place.
13. And it came to pass that the writer did suppose that the original panel had been damaged, and that it had been replaced with a different panel, yea, a more durable Plexiglas that did darken in the sun.
14. And he did finish his epistle. And it came to pass that being a Probie, and not yet fully omniscient he did solicit corrections from the wise readers of the land and he did send his epistle unto the Editors.
15. And it came to pass that he did ascend again unto the land of Clyde. And it is known not whether he did survive the battle with finals but whether he survives it mattereth not.
15. And it came to pass that the Editors did receive his epistle and they did approve it and it was sent throughout the land. And the twenty and first year in the reign of the editors did end in war against the midterms and finals. And thus endeth the epistle.
-1st Epistle of Tipperary
posted on 12/06/2017 5:22 p.m.
I used to be on the BYU Window Crew so I asked my old boss about it. He said when the original window was broken the Powers That Be ordered the wrong replacement window but when it arrived they had already removed the broken window and couldn't put it back, so the darker pane got to stay.
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Take the 2-minute tour ×
I've seen a variety of combinations that will allow a player to "go infinite"* in life, power, toughness or simply create an endless loop**.
In the case of the endless loop, I understand why it necessarily forces a draw. The game states can only proceed to states that feed the loop.
If a creature goes infinite in power or toughness, or a player goes infinite in life, does it necessarily signal a win/loss condition?
A particularly stubborn a player could require the now infinite player to only gain as much life/toughness/power as they are willing to physically perform the combo, but it would be poor sportsmanship, right?
* perform a combination where, at the end of the sequence, the combo may be performed again
** a particularly specific setup involving 3 oblivion rings
share|improve this question
if you have infinite life and I activate my Door to nothingness you still lose the game. – Colin D Dec 19 '12 at 14:03
@ColinD Only if the priority changed to you so that you could legally tap it. – Stephen Jan 14 '13 at 18:03
your combo likely uses the stack, so I will get priority before your combo can resolve. – Colin D Jan 14 '13 at 18:12
4 Answers 4
up vote 13 down vote accepted
The comprehensive rules on taking shortcuts in Magic, as per your request. (Sorry, long...)
If you refuse to take a shortcut out of an infinite loop when you have the opportunity, you are committing deliberate timewasting as Andrey's answer suggests; a definite no-no in a tournament, and hopefully in a friendly group as well!
1. Taking Shortcuts
715.2. Taking a shortcut follows the following procedure.
share|improve this answer
I see the relevant part in 715.1a 'a loop that repeats a specified number of times' – Stephen Sep 15 '11 at 13:19
The game does not end. You cannot do something infinitely.
While you do not have to do every step of a combo you do have to announce how many times you do it. This number must be finite but can be as large as you want. After that the game continues normally.
A player cannot try to achieve a tie by saying "i am still doing my infinite combo" until the time runs out.
That is delay of game as much as just not ending your turn for not reason.
What this also means that if someone gained infinite life via combo, they can be killed by an infinite damage combo. The second person can always name a bigger number.
share|improve this answer
So, from your answer, there is in fact there is no "going infinite" at all. Can you point to any of the official rules that would support this, since there are a couple of guys in our play circle who will argue about this. – Stephen Sep 15 '11 at 13:09
As you have said in your question the only way to go infinite, is if you have an infinite required trigger. If no one beats me to it, i will find the reference tonight – Andrey Sep 15 '11 at 13:18
715.4 says something along those lines, Andrey: "If a loop contains only mandatory actions, the game is a draw." – thesunneversets Sep 15 '11 at 13:47
You could "get stuck" in a loop which you can not break. This will, if there is no way you can end the loop, result in a draw. I remember that from the old Worldgorger dragon/Animate dead days.
share|improve this answer
Why the down vote? – AndSoYouCode Oct 25 '11 at 13:43
probably because at the time this answer was added, it did not add anything that was not already contained in another answer. – Colin D Dec 19 '12 at 19:57
@ColinD No other answer mentions the possibility of a draw? Hmm, ok, I searched now and found it in the rules in the top answer: "715.4. If a loop contains only mandatory actions, the game is a draw. (See rules 104.4b and 104.4f.)". But it wasn't all that obvious. – AndSoYouCode Dec 20 '12 at 8:30
personally I don't find anything wrong with your answer. I gave it an upvote because it was clear and to the point. – Colin D Dec 20 '12 at 13:28
One condition where going infinite in life would not signal a game ending is EDH, since there are other winning conditions.
For example, even though you now have infinite life, if you take more than 20 damage from my general you still lose.
Another condition that I believe be applied in a general game is to poison counters, since they form an alternate victory condition.
share|improve this answer
You can have infinite life and still lose from trying to draw a card from your empty library. That's probably the main one. – thesunneversets Sep 15 '11 at 13:08
If you put that into an answer with the appropriate rule reference I'd upvote it. – Stephen Sep 15 '11 at 13:12
Your Answer
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Department of Studies in Library and Information Science
Seminar on
Scientific method
Historical Method
Presented by
Mrs. Ramamani. B
Research Scholar
Dr. C.P. Ramasheh
University Librarian
Department of Studies in Library and Information Science
Manasagangothri, Mysore.
Definitions of Research
1. According to Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Library and
Information Science “Research is a systematic, painstaking
hypothesis and experimentation, undertaken by a person
intent on revealing new facts, theories, or principles, or
determining the current state of knowledge of the subject”.
2. Research is systematic investigation of a subject to discover
new knowledge, including designs of new products and
Definitions of Scientific method
1. The Oxford English Dictionary says that scientific
method is "a method or procedure that has characterized
natural science since the 17th century, consisting in
systematic observation, measurement, and experiment,
and the formulation, testing, and modification of
2. The Scientific method is the process by which scientists,
collectively and over time, endeavor to construct an
representation of the world.
Nature of Scientific Method
The nature of scientific method depends upon the nature
and objective of a particular science.
There are, broadly, two methods of science:
•Technical (technological)
Technical Method
For proper observation and experiment, a science, for its
investigation, develops certain technological relations or
facts against which the observed facts are considered.
Technical methods may imply the use of certain
instruments. The more developed the technical method,
the more exact a science becomes in handling data
required for experiment. The use of technical methods
makes a science progressive.
Nature of Scientific Method
Logical Method
Since science is a systematized knowledge, the
importance of the method of reasoning of logic can
hardly be overestimated. Logic is the science of
reasoning. It formulates conditions through which the
validity of reasoning may be tested. Reasoning consists of
arriving at a conclusion from certain premise of premises.
The process of deducing a conclusion from a premise is
called inference, which is nothing but derived
knowledge. All knowledge consists assertions of
propositions. Inferences are a proposition which is
derived from some other proposition. A valid inference is
one in which the conclusion follows reasonably from the
premise. For ascertaining a valid conclusion, a science
should depend on logical method. Scientific method is
therefore, the persistent application of logic as the
common feature of all systematic and reasoned
Purpose of the Scientific Method
The scientific method is the means by which researchers
are able to make conclusive statements about their studies
with a minimum of bias. The interpretation of data, for
example the result of a new drug study, can be laden with
bias. The researcher often has a personal stakes in the
results of his work. As any skilled debater knows, just
about any opinion can be justified and presented as fact.
In order to minimize the influence of personal stakes and
biased opinions, a standard method of testing a
hypothesis is expected to be used by all members of the
scientific community.
Steps of the Scientific Research
The steps of the scientific process has a structure similar
to an hourglass - The structure starts with general
questions, narrowing down to focus on one specific
aspect, then designing research where we can observe
and analyze this aspect. At last, the hourglass widens and
the researcher concludes and generalizes the findings to
the real world.
Steps of the Scientific Research
1) Setting a Goal
Research in all disciplines and subjects, not just science,
must begin with a clearly defined goal. This usually, but
not always, takes the form of a hypothesis.
For example, an anthropological study may not have a
specific hypothesis or principle, but does have a specific
goal, in studying the culture of a certain people and
trying to understand and interpret their behavior. The
whole study is designed around this clearly defined goal,
and it should address a unique issue, building upon
fundamentals. Whilst nothing in science can be regarded
as truth, basic assumptions are made at all stages of the
research, building upon widely accepted knowledge.
2) Interpretation of the Results
Research does require some interpretation and extrapolation of
In scientific research, there is always some kind of connection
between data (information gathered) and why the scientist thinks that
the data looks as it does. Often the researcher looks at the data
gathered, and then comes to a conclusion of why the data looks like it
A history paper, for example, which just reorganizes facts and makes
no commentary on the results, is not research but a review. If you
think of it this way, somebody writing a school textbook is not
performing research and is offering no new insights. They are merely
documenting pre-existing data into a new format.
If the same writer interjects their personal opinion and tries to prove
or disprove a hypothesis, then they are moving into the area of
genuine research. Science tends to use experimentation to study and
interpret a specific hypothesis or question, allowing a gradual
accumulation of knowledge that slowly becomes a basic assumption.
Steps of the Scientific Process
3) Replication and Gradual Accumulation
For any study, there must be a clear procedure so that the
experiment can be replicated and the results verified.
Again, there is a bit of a grey area for observation-based
research, as is found in anthropology, behavioral biology
and social science, but they still fit most of the other
Planning and designing the experimental method, is an
important part of the project and should revolve around
answering specific predictions and questions. This will
allow an exact duplication and verification by
independent researchers, ensuring that the results are
accepted as real. Most scientific research looks at an area
and breaks it down into easily tested pieces.
The gradual experimentation upon these individual
pieces will allow the larger questions to be approached
and answered, breaking down a large and seemingly
insurmountable problem, into manageable chunks.
Steps of the Scientific Process
4) Conclusion
The term, research, is much stricter in science than in
everyday life.
It revolves around using the scientific method to generate
hypotheses and provide analyzable results. All scientific
research has a goal and ultimate aim, repeated and
refined experimentation gradually reaching an answer.
uncovering truths and finding out about the processes
that drive the universe around us. Only by having a rigid
structure to experimentation, can results be verified as
acceptable contributions to science.
Some other areas, such as history and economics, also
perform true research, but tend to have their own
structures in place for generating solid results. They also
contribute to human knowledge but with different
processes and systems.
Value and use of Scientific Method
Scientific method is concerned with verification of the
acquired knowledge. It finds out some order in which
things are related together. The conclusion which is
arrived at by the scientific method has an objective
validity. The objective nature of the scientific method is
its greatest quality. Scientific method is the only way to
increase the general body of tested knowledge and to
eliminate arbitrary and ambiguous opinion. Scientific
method springs from the desire to acquire truth, and
when this desire is very strong in a community, the
progress of the Scientific method becomes rapid and
Objectives and Assumption of
Scientific method by David Easton
• Regularities
• Verification
• Techniques
• Quantification
• Values
• Systematization
• Pure Science and
• Integration
Objectives and Assumption of
Scientific method by David Easton
1. Regularities
Scientific method believes that the world is regular and
phenomena occur in patterns. Further there are certain
discernible uniformities in political behavior, which can
be expressed as generalizations which are capable of
explaining and predicting political and social
phenomena. The task of science is to ascertain what these
patters are in the natural world. A scientific study must
be public. Different individuals can investigate
independently and possibly arrive at the same
conclusion. For example when, two parts of hydrogen
and one part of oxygen is added, the component should
produce water.
Objectives and Assumption of
Scientific method by David Easton
2. Verification
Scientific method presupposes that knowledge, in order
to be valid, should consist of propositions that have been
subjected to empirical tests, and that all evidence must be
based on observation. Claims to knowledge must refer to
concrete human experiences so that verification is
possible. Science is thus empirical. Experience has come to
represent the true test of science.
Objectives and Assumption of
Scientific method by David Easton
3. Techniques
Scientific method attaches a great deal of importance to
the adoption of correct techniques for acquiring and
interpreting data. In order to make the researcher selfconscious and critical about the methodology, there is
need for the use of sophisticated tools-like multi-variate
analysis, sample surveys, mathematical models,
stimulations etc. This enables the researcher to discount
his own value preferences in planning, executing and
assessing his research work. The technique should be so
refined and validated that rigorous means could be found
for observing and analyzing data.
Objectives and Assumption of
Scientific method by David Easton
4. Quantification
Science necessarily involves mathematical formulas and
measurements. Theories are not acceptable if they are not
expressed in mathematical language. Unless imprecise
qualitative judgements are replaced by rigorous
measurement and data organization procedures, it
would not be possible to obtained precise and accurate
knowledge about the complexities of phenomenon. All
observations must be quantified because quantification
has advantages in terms of precision and manageability.
Objectives and Assumption of
Scientific method by David Easton
5. Values
Values and facts are two separate things. Science, it is
claimed, is value free. It is not concerned with what is
‘good’, ‘right’, ‘proper’, ‘desirable’, etc. ‘good’ and ‘bad’
are the concern of philosophers. Ethical evaluation is
different from empirical explanation. Democracy,
equality or freedom may be excellent values to uphold,
but their truth of falsity cannot be proved in a scientific
manner. Scientific inquiry to be objective, therefore, must
be value free. Social Sciences should be studied
scientifically through empirical methods and it will have
nothing to do with moral or ethical questions.
Objectives and Assumption of
Scientific method by David Easton
6. Systematizations
Scientific study demands that research should be systematic. It means
it must be theory-oriented and theory-directed. The theory and
research should form interrelated parts of a coherent and orderly
body of knowledge. It is said that research untutored by theory may
prove trivial and theory, unsupported by data, futile. Theory does not
consist of a well organized, logically interrelated structure of concepts
and propositions that hypothesis have to be advanced. The
hypothesis, in their own turn, has to be capable of undergoing
rigorous testing and, then alone, should form the basis of new
Objectives and Assumption of
Scientific method by David Easton
7. Pure Science
Scientific minded social scientists insist on pure science
approach. They agree that theoretical understanding
may lead to an application of this knowledge to problems
of life. Both the theory and its application are parts of the
scientific enterprise. But the understanding and
explanation of social behavior logically precedes efforts to
utilize that knowledge in the solution of urgent practical
problems of society. Therefore, attach great importance to
pure research and would be content with it even if it
cannot be applied to specific social problems.
Objectives and Assumption of
Scientific method by David Easton
8. Integration
Finally, there is the question of integration of each social science with
other social sciences. The beviouralists agree that man is a social
animal and while one may try to draw boundary lines between the
social, political, economic, cultural and other activities, none of these
activities can be understood without placing them in the wider
context of his entire life. The study of a political phenomenon,
therefore, requires some understanding of how the economic,
cultural, and other phenomena in society are unfolding themselves. If
an effort is made to detach the political man from the economic, social
or cultural man, it would not be possible to understand his political
behavior in its true character. Therefore a complete and a total
perspective come only through interdisciplinary approach.
Flow diagram describing the
scientific method.
Limitations of Scientific method
Scientific method involves abstraction.
2. Scientific explanation is never complete. At every
stage, there are some basic principles which remain
unexplained in social sciences.
3. The conclusions arrives at by scientific method are not
final. They are only relative to observed phenomena,
facts discovered and reasoning developed.
4. Sciences have limited scope. Each science is concerned
with a particular area and is based on certain
5. Superstitions, cherished beliefs etc., are hostile to the
authoritarians, factionalists and mystics often
undermine the respect for scientific method.
Limitations of Scientific method
6. Formal procedures are fruitless. Definitions and formal
distinctions are not often used properly; and statistical
information’s may be irrelevant and inconclusive.
7. Scientific judgement is difficult, and sometimes
impossible, when situations demand immediate action.
8. The growth of scientific method in a society where
there is no desire for truth, or freedom for the expression
of intellectual doubt, is surely hampered. “Fear of
offending established dogmas has been an obstacle to the
growth of astronomy and geology and other physical
Limitations of Scientific method
9. The necessary time for reflection, and material for experiments are
often lacking for the proper development of scientific method.
10. Scientific researches in social field are often in the hands of those
who cannot always oppose the established opinion or taboos.
11. No scientific method can guarantee certainty of achieving the goal
and can prevent human life from being an adventure.
Difficulties in the use of Scientific method
1. Human behavior is complicated, subtle and varied.
Therefore, it is very difficult to categories human
2. When human behavior is studied and analyzed by
other human beings, the personal characteristics of such
human beings come into the picture and distort the
analytical facts.
3. Different aspects of human behavior are psychological
in nature, and as such, do not admit of measurement.
4. Human behavior is not uniform and predictable. It is
more often than not, uncertain. All people do not behave
in the same way in similar circumstances. Similarly, one
individual may behave differently under similar
5. The choice or decision involving humans, which is
essential for observing human behavior for the use of the
method of experiment, becomes difficult. Thus reliable
scientific data cannot always be collected.
Historical Method
The process of learning and understanding the
background and growth of a chosen field of study or
profession can offer insight into organizational culture,
current trends, and future possibilities. The historical
method of research applies to all fields of study because it
encompasses their origins, growth, theories, personalities,
crisis, etc. Both quantitative and qualitative variables can
be used in the collection of historical information.
Historical Method
Comprises the techniques and guidelines by which historians use
primary sources and other evidence to research and then to write
of historical method and writing is known as historiography.
Historical research can also mean gathering data from situations that
have already occurred and performing statistical analysis on this data
just as we would in a traditional experiment. A procedure
supplementary to observation in which the researcher seeks to test
the authenticity of the reports or observations made by others.
The historical method is employed by researchers who are interested
attempt is made to establish facts in order to arrive at conclusions
concerning past events or predict future events.
Steps for conducting Historical Research
1. Recognition of a historical problem or the identification
of a need for certain historical knowledge.
Gathering of as much relevant information about the
problem or topic as possible.
2. Forming of hypothesis that tentatively explains
relationship between historical factors.
3. Rigorous collection and organization of evidence, and
the verification of the authenticity and veracity of
information and its sources.
4. Selection, organization, and analysis of the most
pertinent collected evidence, and the drawing of
5. Recording of conclusions in a meaningful narrative..
Principles of Historical Research
1. A true qualitative research may also be
biased in the types of statistical data collected or
in how that information was interpreted by the
2. Factors that can contribute to “historical
3. Evidence should not be examined from a
singular point of view.
1. Isolate the problem.
2.Collect source materials, including primary
and secondary sources.
3. Evaluate source material.
4. Formulate hypotheses.
5. Report and interpret findings.
Sources of Information
There are a variety of places to obtain historical
Primary Sources are the most sought after in historical
research. Primary resources are first hand accounts of
information. “Finding and assessing primary historical
data is an exercise in detective work. It involves logic,
intuition, persistence, and common sense… (Tuchman,
Gaye in Strategies of Qualitative Inquiry, 252). Some
examples of primary documents are: personal diaries,
eyewitness accounts of events, and oral histories.
“Secondary sources of information are records or
accounts prepared by someone other than the person, or
persons, who participated in or observed an event.”
Secondary resources can be very useful in giving a
researcher a grasp on a subject and may provided
extensive bibliographic information for delving further
into a research topic.
Methods of Historical Research
There are four major methods that researchers
use to collect historical data.
1. Archival data
2. External sources
3. Running records
4. Recollections.
Methods of Historical Research
1. Archival data
The archival data, or primary sources, are typically the
resources that researchers rely most heavily on. Archival
data includes official documents and other items that
would be found in archives, museums, etc.
2. External Sources
Secondary sources are the works of other historians who
have written history.
3. Running Records
Running records are “documentaries maintained by
private or non profit organizations.”
4. Recollections
Recollections include sources such as autobiographies,
memoirs or diaries.
Historical Comparative Research
Study of past events and questions using methods in sociology and
other social scientific research to inform the possible outcomes and
answers to current events and questions.
Steps of Historical Research
According to Schutt there are four stages, of systematic qualitative
comparative historical studies;
(1) Development of the premise of the investigation, identifying
events/concepts, etc. that may explain the phenomena.
(2) Choose the case(s) (location- nation, region) to examine.
(3) Using what Theda Skocpol has termed as "interpretive historical
sociology" and examine the similarities and the differences.
(4) Finally based on the information gathered propose a casual
explanation for the phenomena.
Advantages of Historical Research
1. An advantage is that it enables researchers to learn
about events that happened in the passed or long ago and
also provides a way to study trends.
2. The research is not physically involved in the situation
under study.
3. No danger of experimenter-subject interaction.
4. Documents are located by the researcher, data is
gathered, and conclusions are drawn out of sight
Identifying features of Historical Research
The three identifying issues of historical comparative research are
1. Causal relationships.
2. Processes over time, and
3. Comparisons.
As mentioned above causal relationships are difficult to
support although we make causal assumptions daily. Schutt
discusses the five criteria, which must be met in order to have a
causal relationship. Of the five the first three are the most
important: association, time order and non-spuriousness.
Association simply means that between two variables; the change
in one variable is related to the change in another variable. Time
order refers to the fact that the cause (the independent variable)
must be shown to have occurred first and the effect (the dependent
variable) to have occurred second. Nonspuriousness says that the
association between two variables is not because of a third
Identifying features of Historical Research
The final two criteria are; identifying a causal mechanism- how the
connection/association among variables is thought to have occurredand the context in which this association occurs. The deterministic
causal approach requires that in every study, the independent and
dependent variable have an association, and within that study every
case (nation, region) the independent variable has an effect on the
dependent variable.
John Stuart Mill devised five methods by which people are able to
systematically analyze their observations and make more accurate
assumptions about causality. Mill's Methods discusses; direct method
of agreement, method of difference, joint method of agreement and
difference, method of residues and method of concomitant variations.
Identifying features of Historical Research
Some issues with this aspect of historical comparative
research are that the Mill's methods are typically the
most useful when the causal relationship is already
suspected and can therefore be a tool for eliminating
other explanations. Mill's methods simply cannot
provide proof that the variation in one variable was
caused by the variation of another variable.
Something about each of these three. How do we tell
when we have sufficient evidence to impute a causal
relationship? How best can we model processes
unfolding over time? On what basis can we identify
appropriate comparisons?.
Evaluation of Historical Research
1. Statement of hypotheses.
2. External and internal criticism of sources.
3. Observation and experimentation.
4. Technical terminology.
5. Generalization and prediction.
1. V.K. Suraj, (2008) Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Library and Information Science.
Delhi : Isha Books.
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33 Pages Posted: 18 Jun 2009
Date Written: June, 18 2009
This Essay weighs Justice Scalia's Heller opinion in the balance, and finds it wanting. Rather than being a garden variety case of originalism manqué, i.e. an effort to pin point a single original understanding when in fact meaning was hotly contested at the time constitutional text was created, Heller emerges as an act of (self?)-deception or conscious fraud. Few of the historical assumptions that underlie Justice Scalia's analysis withstand scrutiny. The majority holding-that the Second Amendment was originally understood to protect the right to possess any commonly held weapon for purposes unrelated to militia service such as self-defense and hunting-requires misreading, misunderstanding, or ignoring the bulk of relevant evidence such as the debates on the pending Amendment in the House of Representatives and the common meaning accorded bearing arms in newspapers and pamphlets of the day. Rather than using historical source material to inform his analysis, Justice Scalia operates with the faith-based assumption that the framers must have intended to protect a private right to gun possession, and then manipulates outlying evidence to dress up his claim in ill-fitting pseudo academic garb. In the process he demonstrates conclusively that the originalist methodology he trumpeted in A Matter of Interpretation as the surest remedy against judicial injection of subjective values into constitutional adjudication is in fact nothing more than a hollow sham.
Keywords: Antonin Scalia, Second Amendment, right to arms, firearms possession, gun control, arms control
Suggested Citation
Merkel, William G., The District of Columbia v. Heller and Antonin Scalia's Perverse Sense of Originalism (June, 18 2009). Lewis & Clark Law Review, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2009. Available at SSRN:
William G. Merkel (Contact Author)
Charleston School of Law ( email )
Charleston, SC 29402
United States
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Coda CSIb - what loudspeaker would be perfect?
Hi, I'm considering buying the integrated amp. CODA CSI balanced and I'm wondering what loudspeakers would be a perfect match. Can someone share his/her experience? As my source will be Oppo Digital 95 mod (just waiting for ModWright to work on it.....), such loudspeaker will have to "handle" in addition to classical rock/classical/smooth jazz also audio from video.
Cheers and thank you
The perfect speaker is one that sounds the best to you in your price range. In other words; your quest is backwards. Since the speaker is by far the most colored of all components you must first find a speaker you like and then find an amp that is a good match for driving it.
I agree with Herman.
Try different combinations and choose the one you like the most.
I agree with the others. By all accounts, Coda makes good gear, and that integrated should be very capable of driving most reasonable speakers, so pick one that you like and go with it.
"first find a speaker you like and then find an amp that is a good match for driving it."
How can you find a speaker you like if it is powered by amps at random or the wrong amp? If you like what you hear, maybe you have found your keeper amp too. Maybe one should find the right speaker and amp at the same time to avoid the endless cycle of dissapointment, unless, of course, that is what you enjoy. :)
Herman is right on. Once you find a speaker, it's demands will narrow your search for the right amp.
It doesn't work that way. Assuming you have decent quality gear and you don't have a gross mismatch between amp and speaker (like trying to drive an inefficient speaker with a flea powered amp) the speaker will always be the overwhelming factor in determining the sound.
A speaker is like a piece of salmon and the amp is like spices. If you don't like salmon then it is just about impossible to cover it up with spices, that salmon flavor always comes through; but if you like salmon you can enjoy it with a wide variety of spices. You can enjoy a speaker you like with a large number of amps but if you don't care for a speaker you can't hide it's flavor.
Responders are waxing on about what you might have done differently. I will respond to your actual question. I use Tyler Woodmere 2 speakers powered by my CODA CSi with great success. Many strong points; no weak points. Numerous other CODA CSi owners agreed that the Tyler Woodmeres are an ideal speaker for that amp. Feel free to email me off-line if you wish more details.
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Using UDFs to avoid cursors
By Cade Bryant,
Let's say you have 2 tables: a Contacts table and a PhoneNumbers table (which stores all the phone numbers for each contact). You are asked to write a query that returns each contact's name and a comma-delimited string of phone numbers for each contact, something like this:
FirstName LastName PhoneNumbers
John Smith 111-222-3333, 444-555-6666
Many developers would attempt to do this with a cursor. While a cursor could certainly be coded to do the job, there is actually a more efficient way of doing this that doesn't require cursors or temp tables.
You would write a UDF that grabs the phone numbers, and then execute the UDF within a SELECT statement, as the following code demonstrates:
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Writing Forums
hi (1 Viewer)
• Thread starter x-love-vs-hate-x
• Start date
im new here
i dont have a clue what is going on, or how i do anything on here.
can anybody help me please???
how do i post anything up?
Hello and welcome to the forums, x. It's great to have you here. If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to drop a PM (private mail). Enjoy!
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Interview with Swipely founder Angus Davis
Where will Swipely fit in during the rise of social commerce?
Entrepreneur interview by Bambi Francisco Roizen
June 2, 2010 | Comments
Short URL: http://vator.tv/n/fe7
Angus Davis just bought a Quarter Pounder at McDonald's during his bachelor party in Vermont, following a purchase of a Cafe Mocha at Starbucks, a power cord from Staples and a Boston-SF ticket from Virgin America. This, I know, not because I follow him on Twitter or am friends with him on Facebook, but because I follow his purchases, or "swipes" on Swipely.
Swipely is Angus' latest company, which is riding the re-emergence of a wave called "social commerce" - the use of social networking to aggregate relevant information about commerce transactions, to ultimately encourage or influence commerce. Swipely raised $8.5 million, with $7.5 million coming just last month from leading venture capitalists, Greylock and First Round Capital. Prior to this Series A, Swipely raised $1 million from high-profile angel investors, such as Ron Conway.
"Why not follow your friends and discover new places and products through your friends?" explained the 32-year-old Angus, an Internet veteran I first met 10 years ago while filming a profile on his then company - TellMe - while I was a reporter for CBS MarketWatch. At the time I conducted my report at TellMe's offices, Angus' bed featured prominently as a symbol of the dot-com work-play-sleep environment.
The new, new social commerce
Discovering products to buy through friends is hardly new. But social commerce has never really gained much traction as it's evolved and iterated in various forms throughout the last decade. Two very early attempts at social commerce that come to mind include VStore, a Benchmark-backed startup that launched in 1999 and enabled users to create their own personalized stores, and get a cut for everything they recommended and sold. In 2005, Yahoo's Shoposphere tried to harness the opinions of bloggers through their personalized shopping lists.
For many reasons - from technological to cultural - there hasn't been a social commerce company to dominate this category, though a whole slew appear to be cropping up of late, including Swipely, and its leading rival Blippy, which has raised $11.2 million.
In this interview, Angus talks about his vision with Swipely, as well as the differences between Swipely and Blippy - which is mainly that Blippy reveals the prices people pay, whereas Swipely is only concerned with the "story behind the purchase."
Angus also talks about why he believes people will share their purchase information and why we - the public - would feel compelled to share our information or even get much value from knowing, say, that hundreds of people bought pizza from the local pizzeria, especially if we know the local pizzeria is the place to buy pizzas.
People talk about what restaurants they went to on Yelp; they talk about their trips on TripAdvisor and the movies they watched on Flixster, Angus explained, adding that Swipely just wants to put it all together in one place.
Fair enough, I said. But what's the real incentive? Groupon appears to have a great incentive to get people to collectively opt-in to buy something, I pointed out. Is there a similar model that Swipely can integrate or a relattionship with Groupon in the future? I asked. "There's a lot of oppportunities through coupons and offers... down the line," Angus replied.
Watch the interview to hear more of Angus' answer and why he decided to take outside funding rather than fund the venture himself. After all, Angus' last company he founded - TellMe - was sold to Microsoft for some $1 billion.
Editor's note: During the next segment, Angus talks about how retailers, who are rightful owners of the content he's collecting - namely purchase information - are working with Swipely.
Related companies, investors and entrepreneurs
Description: Swipely is an online service that changes the way people shop, share and save by turning purchases into conversations. Swipely provid...
Angus Davis
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Tuesday, September 07, 2010
Random Thoughts on Why a student would Play Water Polo
Students play and engage in water polo for many reasons.
Water Polo is a great activity for you because:
Water polo is an international sport. Schools with an international focus should sponsor, support and excel at sports played on an international stage.
Water polo is the oldest team sport in the Olympics. Water polo has a rich history that spans the globe. In some parts of the world, water polo is more popular than the NBA is in the USA.
Water polo players are welcomed to join with locals when traveling abroad.
Water polo is an emerging sport in the region and in the city. Be special.
Water polo is not PIAA nor WPIAL sponsored, so its operation is directed by the coaches association. Coaches everywhere work with a cooperative spirit to help the players and teams have great experiences.
Water polo is a sport for developing aquatic fitness that can lead to lifeguarding jobs and later lifeguard competitions as even help in open water swimming.
Water polo is often a co-ed sport with joint practices that accommodate both boys and girls.
Water polo is team sport and balances well next to swimming, more of an individual sport.
Water polo is a splendid conditioning activity for all sorts of activities.
Water polo is a perfect fitness builder for competitive swimming.
Playing water polo helps swimmers build stamina and get into pool earlier for a more successful scholastic swim season from last November to early March.
Water polo games are filled with player substitutions so newer and less conditioned players can easily wave themselves out of the game when desired. Taking a break on the bench feels good. Jumping back into the action, refreshed, is rewarding.
Water polo is played at many colleges and universities. Playing water polo in younger years gives students an edge at college with an additional group of 50 or so friends. Playing water polo as a teen would allow you to instantly contribute to a collegiate water polo team squad.
Water polo is a lifelong game. College aged athletes can play with those in high school and middle school. Those who graduated from college decades ago can even jump in to play with younger athletes. Both examples were true in the summer of 2010 as Max, a college player in Connecticut practiced with our squad to stay in shape and sharpen his skills. Meanwhile, at the team’s game at IUP in August, Jay, a '92 high school grad played with our community squad.
As we grow community water polo in Pittsburgh, we’ll be able to get adults into the action at different times. So one day, when in your 20s or 30s, you’ll be able to join a water polo league for fun, fitness and another set of friends.
With water polo, you’ll be able to stay connected to your friends in the years to come, playing an alumni game against the younger students.
Play water polo now so you can coach or officiate water polo wherever you go in the future, helping other kids learn sports in a safe environment – perhaps coaching your own son or daughter’s team and practices. Gain the skills and experiences that will allow you to join an adult recreational league for water polo, or a masters swim league, or an underwater hockey league.
Water polo and swim training often includes circuit workouts, a mix of sweat and social time.
Warm-ups and cool-downs can be completed without waiting around for others to catch up.
In swimming and water polo practice, everyone participates, not just the starters. Same too for the meets and games, mostly.
Coaches' assessments are clear and easily understood.
Whatever your sport or event - whether you're a jumper, cyclist, runner, ball player, skater, swimmer, or a participant in racket sports, you'll improve your strength, mobility and stamina through water polo and its training plan. As a result, you will move much more powerfully in your sport and between classes in the hallways.
The full training plan for water polo is just coming along. Join now before the squad gets really strong.
Water polo is not expensive here. Meanwhile, players at North Allegheny have an $800 per season charge to be a part of their water polo team. Go figure.
Water polo helps to improve your ability to tolerate increasing levels of muscular fatigue.
Get more hang out time with assistant coaches, Mr. Pitch and Ms. Borza.
Enhance your overall body strength, including the strength and resiliency of muscles, tendons, and ligaments, the integrity of your joints, and the strength and density of your supporting bone structures (strength improvement). Chlorine helps makes your teeth white.
Improve your movement skill and body awareness. You'll perform exercises that utilize body weight as the primary form of resistance.
Water polo is played the length of the pool, so there is a shallow end too.
Athletes in a number of sports have been able to drop into water polo practices and games to boost fitness and give bodies a break from the constant stress of gravity.
Heighten body awareness, upgrade coordination, reduce body-fat levels, improve self esteem, sleep better at night.
Water polo experiences and play can help you to improved performances during competition of other sports.
For swimmers an polo players, the ideal time to initiate a resistance training program is always today and seldom tomorrow.
Water polo makes for an excellent way to simultaneously build strength and stamina.
Free weights and instructions on how to make various exercises and lifts in safe and effective ways are part of the overall focus for the coach and team -- especially for beginners.
We train the core because we use it -- and all the other parts of our bodies.
With water polo, we develop strength and mobility in the knee and hip joints, important for high-speed movement on land and kicking in water, plus walking when you are 80-years old.
Water polo develops stability and strength in the upper trunk, abdominal, and pelvic regions. This strength that is necessary to control torso movements during the running stride and when you strike a ball or puck in other sports.
Water polo and swimming increases upper-body strength. Control hip, trunk, and shoulder movements as you move quickly. Water polo promotes balance between the upper and lower body.
People in sports and education from around the city, region, state and world care about the advancement of the water polo program at our school, and they are watching the progress.
The rivals for the water polo team include a prep school in New Jersey, schools in central and eastern PA, and other top schools in the county. With water polo and swimming, we are eager to compete with the best.
Many of the best students in the school are swimmers and enjoy water polo too.
Going to high school state tournament in water polo in a year or two is a strong possibility given the talent of some of our key and experienced players.
Water polo’s future travel with the community team is sure to include a trip to the Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland.
Become strong in the water when young and healthy as swim pools are used in other programs for rehab and jump training. Big time college basketball, volleyball and track programs hold jump training practices in swim pools -- and the one’s that can’t swim well wear life-jackets.
The whole-body involvement of water polo increases your cardio -- even when game-times are as short as 12-minute halfs. Short games are plenty long enough. Short games feel long and they give time for more games plus other things in life.
With aquatics, swimming, water polo, the training has a cumulative effect over an extended period of time. After weeks, months and years, you’ll notice appreciable gains. Best of all, you'll always be stimulated with new challenges and experiences that will grow to match your competitive efforts.
Getting a glowing job or scholarship reference from your former water polo coach is impressive. It is a snap to use the internet to find Coach Mark.
Anyone can join the Facebook group. Search for Pittsburgh Schenley Water Polo.
The video library for water polo and swimming is extensive. With these sports you can improve and learn while at your computer keyboard.
With water polo, you are under no obligation to continue as the activity relies upon drop-in participation.
Swimming in the summer is great when it is hot.
The fall water polo season of games is super short.
Feel free to call Coach Mark Rauterkus, 412 98 3432. Mark@Rauterkus.com
1 comment:
Questioner said...
Wow no wonder you're so into water polo!
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How to Effectively Brand Your Business
There are so many companies that think they’ve branded themselves successfully because they have a logo, tag lines and company colors. However, these things do not make a successful brand; they are only part of the brand experience. A brand is built through the experiences of your customers and clients. It can only be spread through word of mouth because it has everything to do with how people perceive your company and how they feel about it. Advertising and marketing strategies only reinforce the sentiment.
There is one fundamental question that a logo or tag lines cannot answer – why? Why do you do what you do? Branding is more than getting recognized as a legitimate company. It is the expression of the soul of your company; the values and the beliefs that motivated you to build it and that continue to drive the company forward. It is the communication of the bigger picture, beyond profits.
A brand is defined and shaped by the experience that you create for your customers through the intangibles of business like customer service, social media communication and in-store interaction, the unique value proposition and the emotional selling points you inspire. Take for example large companies like Apple and McDonald’s, or a smaller one like Real California Milk. Each one evokes a unique, unmistakable feeling, image and set of expectations just by sheer mention of the name.
Understand and Appreciate
Understand your audience – who they are, how they live, what motivates them, what fears and frustrations they have and their expectations. It is the most important part of branding your business. If you do not understand the people you’re reaching out to and appreciate them, how can you reach them effectively? This knowledge will allow you to develop products or services that are specifically targeted to the things they need and the ability to offer it to them in a way that will provide real tangible and emotional value.
If you are not a startup, but an established business, it is also important to be aware of how people already feel about your company. Conduct surveys and leverage social media to get in touch with the place your company has in the lives of your customers. Research, driven by a genuine curiosity and interest in your consumer base, will go a long way toward understanding them and developing a branding strategy that will appeal to them.
Differentiate Yourself
Sometimes, understanding your audience is the easy part. It is also important to understand your business. How do you differ from your competitors? The answer to this question must go beyond features, benefits or price. It is about the values, beliefs, motivation and ideals that affect the service and mentality of your business. You must be preferentially different. The “experience” of your customers must be unique, positive, and even addictive if possible. (A fishing expedition in my younger years was never complete without a trip through the McDonald’s Drive-Thru). The message you convey about your company should resonate and encompass a distinctly positive feeling.
A great way to do this is to think of five adjectives that you want to come to mind when someone thinks about your company. Then find different ways to evoke those feelings through all of the points of contact that you offer. This includes your physical space, your website, your advertising, customer service, and your public relations. All should foster that uniquely positive customer experience that is unmistakably you.
Take milk, for example. Or water. Most people would say that milk is milk, not much changes beside the amount of fat. However, Real California Milk has differentiated themselves from the rest of dairy farmers through market specialization and their “Happy Cows” Campaign. You know the commercials I’m talking about, right? “Great cheese comes from happy cows. Happy cows come from California.” They are reaching out to animal rights advocates and people that just love great cheese. They also target people that support small family owned and operated farms. Each of these points ties into their overall brand, which they convey through humor, and makes them irresistible.
And water? It flows over the ground. It pours out of the sky. It comes out of the tap. Companies bottle it up. How do these companies differentiate themselves when selling a tasteless beverage that is basically free? Take FIJI Water, for example. Natural artesian water. It emphasizes the remoteness, distance and isolation of the island, and therefore the distance between pollution, acid rain and industrial waste from their source of water. “That distance and isolation is part of what makes FIJI Water so much purer and richer in taste than other bottled waters.
Each company has some claim on a place where their water remains untouched by man, explaining their purification process in a preferentially distinct way – that it comes from some secret spring thousands of feet below the earth’s surface. You know the gimmicks. But it works because people are not just buying the water; they’re buying into the image – untouched, pristine, sweet, crisp, cool water from some exclusive spring, bottled solely for your refreshment. Somehow it just seems fresher than the water that comes out of the tap. FIJI makes the point that it’s even fresher than other bottled waters, making it not only pure, but exclusive – like the island itself.
Express Yourself
While politics seems to have a monopoly on the term transparency, it is also useful in business. It has resonance. People are extremely experienced with advertising, and they appreciate a company’s candid effort to explain who they are and what they’re about. Visit Real California Milk’s website. Check out their “About Us” section. It gives you the history of the industry, the mission of the California Milk Advisory Board (CMAB), a collection of their press releases and case studies, and the Dairy Princesses Program (awww!!).
The number one place that people go to learn about your company is the “About Us” page on your website. Take advantage of it by making it personal. Tell a short story, relaying the history of the company with little known facts and the motivations behind its creation. If you’re a small business, include pictures and bios of your employees with their contact information.
Real California Milk goes above and beyond this, devoting entire pages to “Farm Life,” where you can watch documentaries and get to know the families behind the dairy farms. They discuss how their industry is trying to decrease their carbon footprint and the technologies they have incorporated. They also talk about how they care for their animals, explaining what truly makes them “Happy Cows.” They provide recipes and have a place where you can submit your own. For Californians, they provide local ads and coupons for their product. They provide insight into their industry and the people that help make it work. Their message evokes credibility, trust and authority. They make it seem that the things they do are done for you personally. Their message clearly says, “We care about dairy farmers, we care about our animals and we care about you.”
McDonald’s is famous for the consistency of their “high-quality food and uniform methods of preparation.” Since their humble beginnings (which are described on their “Our Story” page), they have become a staple of American society with “billions and billions served,” simply because the formula never changes. From Washington to Florida, New Jersey to California, you know what you’re going to get when you walk into a McDonald’s and everyone’s “Lovin’ It.” It is what people have come to expect of the company and McDonald’s understands this – the world over. Their food is a huge part of their experience. And who could forget Ronald McDonald and his House Charities? And the Hamburgler? I loved that guy.
Maybe you have sentimental memories involving those Golden Arches, too. I know I do. Before I moved, every time I went early morning fishing with my family, we would stop and get McDonald’s breakfast sandwiches. Sausage, egg and cheese on a biscuit? Yumm.. If we would eat inside, a staple of our visit was the green plastic encased conveyor belt that moved orders over the seating area from the kitchen to the drive-thru. My brothers and I would always try and guess how many people were in the car outside and what they were going to eat, all the while playing with our Happy Meal toys. As I got older and started driving, I would get lost frequently. It was only when I found a set of Golden Arches that I stopped to figure out where I was and where I was going. It somehow seemed safer – I knew what to expect there, even if I wasn’t eating anything. Ohh…memories. That is what a brand strives for, what a successful one achieves.
It wasn’t until after the iPhone was released that I saw TV commercials for it. However, I still knew it was coming because everyone was talking about it, including the media. The amount of excitement about, and dare I say obsession over, Apple’s newest product made it so that they didn’t have to spend vast amounts of money advertising. Their brand is so strong and so integrated into people’s lives that their consumer base basically advertised the iPhone 5 for them. People will always believe “There’s an app for that,” and like one of their slogans said, their products are “Solving life’s dilemmas – one app at a time.”
When people think of Apple, they think of pristine products, great design, elegance, effortless integration, A to Z solutions and always tout the fact that “They work.” However, the newest version of Maps for the iPhone left people more than disappointed. However, Apple is committed to its brand and its customers, and so one of the first things you see on their website is this letter of apology and motivation. Rather than tell people to bug off, that the version of Maps they introduced was the best they had, they sympathized with people’s frustration, acknowledged that it didn’t meet with their customer’s expectation of the brand experience and promised that the more people used it, the better it would get because of their commitment to listening to customer feedback and incorporating it into their products.
That is what a successful brand does. It highlights a company’s values and beliefs. It includes its audience in what it does. It evokes a consumer’s sense of ownership, making them feel like they are invested in the company, that it is a part of their life they can no longer do without. When a new Apple product comes out, my future father-in-law goes to “his Apple store,” meets with “his Apple rep” – he knows a guy. The McDonald’s closest to my house becomes “my McDonald’s.” If you can tap into the hearts of your consumer base, they will reward you for it by evangelizing your brand to their friends and family, bolstering your marketing efforts without increasing the amount you spend on it.
Clearly, branding your company can play a powerful role in your business’s growth and development. It lives in the core of who you and your company are really all about. Optimum7 is an internet marketing company that will work closely with you to understand your brand and develop the most effective online marketing strategies that will improve engagement and increase conversions. Contact us today to learn more!
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Scottish independence: Alistair Darling warning
Have your say
FORMER chancellor Alistair Darling will today warn that independence will mean Scotland has less power over its own destiny than it does now as part of the UK.
He will say that, while devolution “offers the best of both worlds”, independence will gain the country “very little” and offer it “the worst of all worlds”, in a speech to the Foreign Press Association
Mr Darling, leader of the Better Together campaign, will focus on the SNP’s plans to keep the pound and point out that for this to be as part of a currency union will require agreement from the rest of the UK, and he will also argue Scotland will “not have large amounts of money to spend as a result of independence”.
He will say: “Any deal on currency will come with strict conditions on what Scotland can and cannot spend.”
He will warn Nationalists they “will spend the next few months tying themselves in knots on this issue, but, in truth, the only way to hold on to the economic strength of the UK is to remain part of the UK”.
Meanwhile, Scottish Secretary Michael Moore yesterday warned that independence could lead to international instability if the rest of the UK was not a successor state in institutions to which it belongs.
He told the Scottish affairs committee: “People in the rest of the world might wonder at losing a member of the Security Council, a nuclear weapons state being turfed out of the Non-Proliferation Treaty and those weapons not governed by its very strict requirements.”
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Please disable your Ad Blocker to better interact with this website.
Do Debates Matter?
One of the things that struck me last night about the debate between Governor Ehrlich and Martin O’Malley was the fact that you probably went into it thinking the same thing you did when you went out of it. For example, I went into the debate last night thinking Bob Ehrlich was the competent leader that Maryland needs to get us out of our rut. I also went into it thinking that Martin O’Malley was an aloof, ignorant, arrogant panderer who was more concerned with scoring points than providing leadership.
And I wasn’t disappointed.
The fact of the matter is that in most circumstances debates are not going to move the needle one bit. You sort of have to do them, but more than likely nothing earth shattering is going to come from them. I don’t think that they matter that much….
….unless you make them matter. How do you do that? Invite your friends and neighbors over to watch one of the remaining debates with you, particularly if they are an undecided voter. Talk to them about the issues. Talk to them about what matters. Ask them if they think it is a good idea for Martin O’Malley and the Democrats to raise taxes and create a climate that is not conducive to job creation.
Ask them if they are better off now than they were four years ago…
Debates matter only if we can use them as a teaching opportunity to talk about why it is so important to bring Bob Ehrlich back. It is the words of friends, neighbors, and family members that is going to win this election more than any debate ever could.
Join the conversation!
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The School of Athens
The School of Athens
The School of Athens by Raphael (click on picture to view short documentary from Columbia University)
Monday, 28 February 2011
The courage of NO!
Colleagues and scholars from coast to coast, across Bass Strait and all the ships at sea.
Dateline: Australia, Federal Politics 2011.
It's time for all politicians of goodwill across all party lines to finally break their interminable silence and say, unequivocally and emphatically, NO!
To what? To the demonisation of asylum seekers.
Australia urgently needs its political leaders to take a stand and unchain the nation from this political bastardry that has hardened its heart and shackled its soul.
The true measure of a nation is not its mineral wealth, or its annual GDP per capita, or the level of unemployment, or the number of gold medals it wins at the Olympics, or even how many Academy Awards its artists receive; the true measure of a nation is how well it treats the weakest and most vulnerable among it. In many instances Australia scores very well on this measure, but on asylum seekers it scores very poorly.
The continual refusal by the vast majority of our politicians to deal with this issue, because they either don't want to give away an "electoral advantage" (as it is seen by the Coalition) or don't want to confront an "electoral liability" (as it is seen by the ALP) is a dereliction of their public duty and does nothing to rid the nation of this stain on its character. In fact, their inaction makes the stain much worse and is in danger of making it indelible and permanent.
Worse, this focus solely on the electoral consequences of taking anything other than a "tough" stance on this issue not only reflects poorly on those politicians who can see the hypocrisy of this position yet refuse to do anything about it, but by legimitising the unfounded and irrational fears of the public these politicians are deliberately and wilfully directing the Australian people away from expressing what is a natural tendency for them - that is, to be compassionate and generous towards others in need.
We see this compassion and generosity time and time again, from the Boxing Day Tsunami to the Victorian Bushfires, from the Queensland Floods to the Christchurch Earthquake; each time Australians see the misery of others, they want to assist to alleviate that misery. Indeed, many ache to assist.
Yet, when it comes to asylum seekers Australians have been encouraged by their leaders to disregard this group of people in need, and because they have been constantly demonised as wrong-doers, they are deemed to be unworthy of any compassion or generosity.
What a shameful act of betrayal this is.
Those politicians who believe asylum seekers deserve to be demonised for political gain, do not deserve to be in Parliament. Those politicians who do not believe asylum seekers deserve to be demonised but accept that for "political reasons" they cannot speak up, also do not deserve to be in Parliament. Better a near empty Parliament than one full of contemptible opportunists and cowardly hypocrites.
The Coalition, with its Neanderthal mantra of "Stop The Boats", is delighted to milk this issue for all it is worth, even going to the grubby extent of Scott Morrison's "poorly timed" comments regarding the funerals held in Sydney recently.
The ALP, with its "We don't see nuthin' we just work here" approach, has vacated the field of positive argument on this issue for so long that any mention of it has them scurrying away, hiding in the dark corners of the political debate, fearful of the backlash from "western Sydney".
The political scripts have all the intellectual rigour, and factual basis, of a TV soap opera. But far from being The Bold and the Beautiful it is much more, The Frightful and the Fearful, or less charitably, The Grubs and the Gutless.
The media, too, has mostly played a disgraceful role. Often talking about the "Boat People Crisis" and constantly ramping up the rhetoric, as well as keeping score by studiously reporting each new boat arrival and tallying how many people have reached Australian shores this year. Curiously, you never hear a news bulletin saying, "the pressure on the Government regarding its immigration policy has increased yet again, as another 931 backpackers have overstayed their visas this week, bringing the total number to June 30 this year of 48,456 overstayers" (Source: Department of Immigration and Citizenship).
How many will stand up and say with total conviction, this demonisation must end now? How many will finally allow their conscience to guide them and ignore their party strategist's wishes and just say no? How many will tell the Australian public the truth and stop spinning the web of lies that underpins this whole issue and feeds into the fear and ignorance in the electorate?
Yes, it takes courage to go against the majority and, make no mistake, there is a majority of the public who hold negative views towards asylum seekers. Yes, it takes leadership to push against something that seems set in concrete.
But sadly, no, we haven't seen any courage or leadership from any of our major political leaders on this issue.
Clearly they need to learn from the acts of past leaders who displayed courage and true leadership on issues that were not easy to tackle; that seemed insurmountable; and were even a matter of survival.
1. Martin Luther King, Jr "Justice is indivisible. Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere", April 4 1967.
The U.S. civil rights leader, The Reverend Dr Martin Luther King Jr, made a speech on April 4 1967, exactly one year before he was assassinated, opposing the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. It was called "A Time to Break the Silence".
This was not an easy decision for Dr King, he knew it would bring condemnation from many quarters including other civil rights leaders. The Washington Post believed his actions "diminished his usefulness to his cause, his country, his people", Life magazine called his speech "demagogic slander that sounded like a script for Radio Hanoi."
However, this is how he explained his decision,
"For those who say to me 'stick to civil rights', I have another answer. And that is that I've fought too hard and too long now against segregated public accommodations to end up segregating my moral concern. I'm not going to do that. Others can do what they want to do, that's their business. If other civil rights leaders for various reasons, refuse, or can't take a stand, or have to go along with the administration; that's their business. But I must say to you tonight that I know that justice is indivisible. Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere."
This is a clip of the above quote here This is the full speech from April 4 1967 (text and audio) here
At various speeches in 1967 and 1968 Dr King said the following:
"I have not urged a mechanical fusion of the civil rights and peace movements. There are people who have come to see the moral imperative of equality, but who cannot yet see the moral imperative of world brotherhood. I would like to see the fervour of the civil-rights movement imbued into the peace movement to instil it with greater strength. And I believe everyone has a duty to be in both the civil-rights and peace movements. But for those who presently choose but one, I would hope they will finally come to see the moral roots common to both."
"We need to make clear in this political year, to Congressmen on both sides of the aisle and to the President of the United States, that we will no longer tolerate, we will no longer vote for men who continue to see the killings of Vietnamese and Americans as the best way of advancing the goals of freedom and self-determination in Southeast Asia."
Dr King's opposition to the war was a major turning point in galvanising the American public against the war as Ramsey Clark, U.S. Attorney General 1967- 1969, observed, "The moral force of Dr King's opposition to the war was an enormous body blow to the President."
In the end Dr King was proven right. Courage was something that he did not lack.
2. Ioannis Metaxas, Leader of Greece, "Οχι!" "NO!", October 28 1940.
This is a very famous day in the history of the Greek nation.
In 1940 Italy's Fascist dictator, Benito Mussolini, was feeling inadequate. His ally Adolf Hitler had conquered most of Europe and Mussolini wanted to show his forces were the equals of the Germans. So he decided to invade Greece, a nation at the time of seven million people.
Mussolini told his Foreign Minister, Count Ciano, "Hitler always faces me with a fait accompli. This time I am going to pay him back in his own coin. He will find out from the papers that I have occupied Greece."
Mussolini wanted to invade Greece through its neighbour Albania, which Italy had been occupying since 1939.
At 4.30am of October 28 1940, he gave the Greek leader Ioannis Metaxas an ultimatum that he wanted an unconditional surrender from Greece otherwise he would declare war and invade the country.
Metaxas reportedly responded with an unequivocal and emphatic "Οχι!" which is pronounced "och-hee" and translates as "NO!"
Within two hours, five heavily armed Italian divisions invaded Greece from Albania. Italy had a much stronger army, navy and air force than Greece and so a quick victory was expected by Mussolini.
However, Metaxas's response of NO! to Mussolini became a rallying cry for the Greeks. Far from being overwhelmed, the Greek forces drove the Italians back deep into Albania and continued to pursue them with great enthusiasm liberating one-third of Albania from the Fascist Italian rule.
Mussolini, after replacing the commanding generals of his forces several times, assumed command of the campaign himself, but to no avail. His counter-attacks proved fruitless and there was even concern that the Greeks would cross the Adriatic Sea and invade Italy itself.
After a five-month campaign Greece had succeeded in defeating the Italian forces. It was the first land defeat for the Axis powers and the first liberation of territory under Axis rule.
British Prime Minister Winston Churchill said at the time, "Today we say that the Greeks fight like heroes, from now on we will say that heroes fight like Greeks."
Hitler was reportedly outraged and because of the Italian defeat the Germans were compelled to capture the Balkans and Greece. On April 6, 1941, the Nazis forces invaded Greece. The Greeks with their allies from Britain, Australia and New Zealand were overwhelmed by the invading Nazi force and following a five-week campaign, which included an airborne invasion of Crete, Greece was defeated and occupied by the German army.
Historians believe that the Greek victory over the Italian forces may have influenced the outcome of World War 2 by forcing Germany to delay its invasion of the Soviet Union by at least six weeks in order to undertake the invasion and defeat of Greece. This delay subjected the German forces invading the Soviet Union to the harsh Russian winter, which contributed significantly to their defeat at the Battle of Moscow.
Leni Riefenstahl, Adolf Hitler's favourite propaganda filmmaker, claimed Hitler told her "If the Italians had not attacked Greece and needed our help, the war would have taken a different course. We could have anticipated the Russian cold by weeks and conquered Leningrad and Moscow. There would have been no Stalingrad."
Josef Stalin said in a Radio Moscow address following the Soviet victory at Stalingrad "I am sorry because I am getting old and I shall not live long to thank the Greek people, whose resistance decided World War 2."
Georgy Kostantinovich Zhukov, Field Marshall of the Soviet Army wrote "If the Russian people managed to raise resistance at the doors of Moscow to halt and reverse the German torrent, they owe it to the Greek people, who delayed the German divisions during the time they could bring us to our knees."
Franklin Delano Roosevelt said "On the 28th of October 1940, Greece was given a deadline of three hours to decide on war or peace, but even if three weeks or three years were given, the response would have been the same. The Greeks taught dignity throughout the centuries. When the whole world had lost all hope, the Greek people dared to question the invincibility of the German monster raising against it the proud spirit of freedom."
Greece paid a heavy price for its defiance.
World War 2 claimed nearly one million of its people, about 14% of its population; the equivalent of about 3 million Australians in 2011.
Yet, the 28th of October holds a very special place in the history of the Greek nation and is a very important national day of celebration, not only because of its significance to Greece, but what that defiance meant to the world.
3. Dr Herbert Vere Evatt, Leader of the ALP, Referendum for the dissolution of the Communist Party, 22 September 1951.
The question, "Do you approve of the proposed law for the alteration of the Constitution entitled 'Constitution Alteration (Powers to deal with Communists and Communism) 1951'?"
Fear campaigns are not rare in politics. They are used all the time. What is rare is a political leader who is prepared to stare down a fear campaign and win over the public despite seemingly overwhelming odds against success.
Dr HV Evatt of the Australian Labor Party was one such leader and the fear campaign he confronted was one of the biggest of all time - the fear of communism in the early 1950's.
Sir Robert Menzies, leader of the Coalition, used the fear of communism as a political tool to wedge the ALP and shift voters over to support the Coalition.
Menzies was pushing the communist issue hard and in October 1950 managed to pass the Communist Party Dissolution Bill, which was designed to ban the Communist Party.
Malcolm Fraser years later said of the bill, "The Communist Party Dissolution Bill was one of the most draconian ever introduced into an Australian parliament - at least until the Howard government's anti-terrorism legislation."
Evatt, then deputy leader of the ALP said of the Bill "the consequence of declaration is that the person concerned will lose his livelihood if he is an employee of the Government or holds trade union office......on the mere declaration of the Government of the day." Evatt believed the bill was "the apotheosis of tyranny" which said, in effect "You are secretary of a trade union. By the power of the Government to 'declare', you hold your office at the pleasure of the Government of the day."
Ben Chifley, leader of the ALP, said of the Bill,
"I am the descendant of a race that fought a long and bitter fight against perjurers, pimps and liars and I should be very ashamed to stand for any principle that did not give the ordinary men and women of the community the rights to know what they are charged with, the right to defend themselves and the right to have their case heard in public...To ruin a man's reputation by calling him a traitor without giving him a right of appeal seems to me to be a departure from the principles, not only of British and American justice but of natural justice."
The ALP, after initially announcing it would vote against the Bill, was directed by its federal executive to support it, even though it was detested by Evatt and Chifley.
Jenny Hocking in Gough Whitlam A Moment in History, explains the fallout from the federal executive's direction to switch the party's position,
"Chifley wore the public dismay and weathered the political derision, instructing caucus members to pass the Bill that was an absolute anathema to him, to Evatt and to so many of their colleagues. He entreated his colleagues for unity with the prophetic words: 'Those of you who opposed the switch must take your humiliation on the chin.....Accept your humiliation and we can go forward; recriminate and we shall split.' Gough Whitlam saw Chifley's torment: 'That broke Chifley's heart because Chifley was a good Labor man and a good trade unionist and he opposed the Communist Party Dissolution Bill.' Five weeks after this Chifley suffered a major heart attack, the first sign of an illness that would later take his life just months later."
Hocking continues,
"The Communist Party Dissolution Act was not even gazetted before it became the subject of an historic challenge before the High Court. To the astonishment, dismay and admiration of ALP caucus members, the challenge was led by their deputy leader, Dr HV Evatt, appearing on behalf of the Waterside Workers' Federation. The Commonwealth government's case was to be led by Garfield Barwick KC. In March 1951 the Court handed down its resounding 6 to 1 decision against the government, a stunning victory for Evatt and an outcome considered the most significant in the court's history."
"The High Court's decision infuriated the Prime Minister, who vowed to continue nevertheless: 'this is not the end of the fight against communism, it is merely the beginning'"
Menzies called and won an election in April 1951 and then proceeded to put the question of banning the Communist Party to the people in a referendum.
Support in favour of the referendum was very strong and according to a Gallup poll stood as high as 80 per cent. Evatt now leader of the ALP, with the death of Chifley in June 1951, was opposed to the referendum question.
"Once again it was Doc Evatt who campaigned tirelessly around the country, this time arguing against the referendum that in many ways was a deeper and more dangerous assault on the liberties even than the Communist Party Dissolution Act itself. The campaign against the referendum was the most bitter fought - and the least likely to succeed - in Australia's history, requiring a shift from a massive popular support for the government's proposal when the referendum had first been announced to achieve the narrowest of victories for the 'No' case". (Hocking)
In Malcolm Fraser: The Political Memoirs by Malcolm Fraser and Margaret Simons, it reads,
"In recent times, Fraser has said that Evatt was right - very right indeed - to oppose and campaign against the Communist Party Dissolution Bill. 'He won rightly. It was much to his credit; it said a great deal about principle and his readiness to support principles. Where do we see such courage today, such determination? Perhaps this is why bad policy has assumed a dominance in certain areas'"
Justice Michael Kirby also commented on how Evatt had fought the communism referendum in 1951, and won, despite all the opinion polls which told him that his cause was hopeless and doomed to failure.
"In 1951, at the height of the Cold War, the Menzies Government proposed an amendment to the Australian Constitution to give sweeping powers to the government to ban communists and communism. The measure smacked of McCarthyism. Dr Evatt, as Leader of the Opposition, saw it as an attack on fundamental human rights. The way to beat communism was by persuasion, not by using autocratic communistic methods."
"At the opening of the referendum campaign, the opinion polls showed 80% of the Australian public supported the Menzies proposal. Many members in Dr Evatt's own Party urged him to back off. Those who followed opinion polls would never have taken his stand. But he was convinced of the importance of the principles at stake. By a heroic campaign he ultimately persuaded the Australian people to reject the amendment to their Constitution. It was his finest hour as an Australian leader."
"The lesson for today's politicians who follow countless opinion polls and surveys is clear. The business of politics is properly that of leading the community, not twisting in the wind to transient public opinion. Evatt may have been a difficult man. But he knew that in the end, history would vindicate adherence to principle. He rightly told his colleagues in Canberra that it was more important to defeat the referendum than to win two or three Federal elections."
"We need more politicians of such principle. They should say what they truly believe. Personally, I would consign political pollsters to Pinchgut. They have taken over political thinking in this country. All too often they hold our political 'leaders' as hostages. Politicians of all political parties should study Evatt's stand of principle on the proposal to outlaw communists. We need more leadership of that quality in Australia and fewer pundits and pollsters."
The lessons from Dr King, Ioannis Metaxas and Dr Evatt, all point to the same conclusion:
When you are fighting from a position of conviction based on the truth, in the end, you will always win. Even though at times it may seem impossible and the task insurmountable, you will not lose because as the Greek dramatist Sophocles wrote, "Truth is always the strongest argument."
The truth always triumphs because it is built on the firm foundations of fact not the flimsy footings of fiction.
The first truth is that most of the public doesn't know any of the truth on this issue and this goes a long way to explaining their disdain towards asylum seekers.
A constant stream of untruths, eloquently argued, can lead anyone to believe anything.
As Socrates explained in his defence at his trial in 399 BC "How you have felt, O men of Athens, at hearing the speeches of my accusers, I cannot tell; but I know their persuasive words almost made me forget who I was - such was the effect of them; and yet they have hardly spoken a word of truth."
Gleaning from various sources of published research on this issue, there are several fictions that a majority of the public believe to be facts and combined with the lack of leadership which not only refuses to explain the truth but implicitly and explicitly perpetrates such fictions, leads to the negative reaction we see from the public.
Fiction no. 1 "These people are acting illegally"
This is one of the most damaging fictions. Australians do not like illegal acts, it goes right against the belief of 'playing by the rules'.
The truth is, however, that asylum seeker are not acting illegally, they are perfectly entitled to seek asylum from persecution.
The Universal Declaration was adopted by the General Assembly on 10 December 1948 by a vote of 48 in favour (including Australia), 0 against, with 8 abstentions (all Soviet Bloc states,Yugoslavia, South Africa and Saudi Arabia).
The 1951 United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees defines who is a refugee, and sets out the rights of individuals who are granted asylum and the responsibilities of nations that grant asylum.
The convention was approved at a special United Nations conference on 28 July 1951. It entered into force on 22 April 1954. It was initially limited to protecting European refugees after World War II but a 1967 Protocol removed the geographical and time limits, expanding the Convention's scope. Article 1 of the Convention as amended by the 1967 Protocol provides the definition of a refugee:
Australia is a signatory to the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol.
What is most important to grasp in dealing with this fiction of illegality, is to understand that the origins of the 1948 Declaration, the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol came from the inaction of the world regarding the plight of Jewish refugees prior to World War 2.
In July 1938, an international conference with 32 nations attending (including Australia) was held at the resort town of Evian, France. The purpose of the conference was to discuss the plight of refugees, many of whom were Jews escaping Nazi Germany. Many lives were currently in danger but the international response was lukewarm as Sir Martin Gilbert explained in The Holocaust "The international community, which at Evian had been presented with an opportunity to keep open the gates of refuge, chose that moment, so desperate for the Jews already under Nazi rule, to signal its own hesitations and reluctance. It was a neutral stance, not a hostile one, but this neutral stance was to cost a multitude of lives."
When the atrocities committed by Nazi Germany became well understood after World War 2, and the result of Evian and other indifferences by the international community to the plight of refugees prior to the War became clear, the international community believed that a universal declaration that specified the rights of individuals was necessary to protect people from such atrocities occurring again.
Fiction no. 2 "These people are rorting the system"
There is a widespread belief that the majority of 'boat people' are somehow managing to rort the system and get live in Australia without any justification. The truth is that between October 2008 and December 2010, 94 per cent of these 'boat people' were found to be legitimate refugees fleeing persecution (Source: Department of Immigration and Citizenship).
They are not rorters, they are people in genuine need of our help.
Fiction no. 3 "We are being over-run with these people"
There is a widespread belief that Australia is being invaded by hordes of 'these people' and the Government has lost control of our borders. Such fears are completely unfounded but are easily exploited by party political advertisements depicting invasion-like red arrows as in this example here.
The truth is, depending on the year, 'boat people' make up between 1 and 3 per cent of Australia's immigration intake (Source: Department of Immigration and Citizenship).
The public, however, think much differently.
In June 2010 Essential Research found that 70 per cent of the public had a view as to what proportion of our immigration intake came from 'boat people', and 30 per cent said they did not know.
Of those 70 per cent a full 10 per cent, nearly 1.5 million people, thought that they made up 50 per cent of our intake; a further 15 per cent, about 2.1 million people, thought they made up 25 per cent of our intake; and 13 per cent, about 1.8 million people, thought they made up about 10 per cent of our intake.
Only 33 per cent, about 4.6 million people, were close to the truth, thinking that the intake was from less than 1 per cent to about 5 per cent.
"From what you have read and heard, what percentage of Australia’s annual immigration intake are asylum seekers arriving by boat?" (Table source: Scott Steel)
Fiction no. 4 "These people are queue jumpers".
This is another very damaging fiction, because it goes against the concept of the 'fair go'.
A majority of the public believes that many other people are waiting in an orderly manner, as if they were lining up to get into the Sydney Cricket Ground to watch an Ashes Test, and 'these boat people' are jumping the queue to get better seats.
But the truth is, as United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees representatives have explained many times, there is no queue, or if there is one it doesn't work. There's nothing orderly about it as asylum seekers are desperate to escape and so it's essentially a stampede.
It's like being in a theatre with 500 other people and a fire starts. As there are only two exits, everyone is trying to get through those doors. There's no orderly queue, it's everyone for themselves. Everyone is trying to save themselves and their families. And if some fellow presented himself suggesting that for some money he could get them through a side exit, who would not take that offer? Who would seriously suggest that they would not do everything they could to get their family to safety?
It's a ridiculous suggestion and even the most hard-hearted of people could recognise that.
Fiction no. 5 "These people get access to benefits that ordinary Australians can't get".
This is a truly sad fiction.
This is like a healthy person complaining because a heart attack victim is receiving 24 hour a day intensive care, and they are not. Perhaps the perpetrators of this fiction would like to swap places with any of 'these people' to get access to those benefits.
It's the same as those who complain that Indigenous people get a whole lot of benefits that they can't get. Again, perhaps they would like to swap places with an Indigenous person and receive all those 'benefits' including having an 18 year lower life expectancy.
Fiction no. 6 "These people do not fit into our society".
This fiction is quite malicious not only because it is directed at asylum seekers but also because it leads, by extension, to targeting others who 'do not fit into' our society; for example, Muslims.
Since the First Fleet arrived in 1788, Australia has always been a nation of immigrants. Everyone originally came here as a boat person or, more recently, jet person. How does one immigrant not fit in with a society that is made up of immigrants?
It's nonsense.
Unless your name is Djagamurra or Gulpilil or some such, you are the descendant of immigrants. To suggest otherwise is incorrect. And as such, we are obligated to give as many other people as is practical the same opportunities that we and our forebears enjoyed.
None of our forebears decided to leave where they were living and move to Australia because they thought they would have a worse life; they came here for a better life, as do asylum seekers.
This 'do not fit in' concept, especially when it is extended to citizens who have already been living here for a number of years, is ignorant and cruel in the extreme and gives the extremists in our society the legitimacy they crave. Pleasingly, many members of Parliament from the Government and Opposition condemned such notions.
Fiction no. 7 "These people are terrorists".
This fiction is so absurd that it doesn't warrant any serious discussion. Except to say that those politicians and commentators who have run this line are a disgrace and those of the public who believe them are beyond help.
While Australia has much to be proud of, including being one of the few nations around the world that has developed as an immigrant nation with almost no serious problems, its treatment of asylum seekers is nothing to be proud of.
In fact, it should fill the nation with shame.
Those who act most shamefully are not the majority of the public, who have been incorrectly named by some as racists and xenophobes, but their politicians who have exploited either directly (in the Coalition's case) or by compliance (in the ALP's case) the public's confusion and unease about asylum seekers landing on their shores. This exploitation has turned an understandable concern into a hostile loathing and has deliberately used fear appeals to take advantage of the public's ignorance.
To overcome this problem requires leadership and courage. To date, this hasn't existed from our political leaders.
However, there have been examples in the past of leaders who have taken a stand and stood up for they believed was right, and won out in the end.
The Reverend Dr Martin Luther King Jr. understood injustice all too well and when he came to realise that the Vietnam War was another injustice, he rose to the challenge and took a stand.
Ioannis Metaxas, when he was given an ultimatum by a much more powerful nation in Fascist Italy that he surrender or else, gave a clear and unequivocal NO! And the Greeks' defiance played a crucial role in helping to defeat Nazi Germany.
Dr Herbert Vere Evatt, when he was confronted with what he saw as a draconian attempt to isolate and vilify a particular group (The Communist Party) fought the attempt, first in the High Court and won, and then in the court of public opinion, and won again.
All this is possible when you are fighting from a position of conviction based on the truth.
A wonderful example of this comes from the most resilient and courageous member of the House of Representatives from either the Government or the Opposition:
"I rise today to call on the government and the opposition to stop the political tactics and to end the escalating, hysterical rhetoric over who can produce the toughest policies, and for men and women of conscience in this place to call for the end of the politicisation of asylum policy."
"The contention that temporary protection visas and mandatory detention will in some way stop the boats is not supported by history. Mandatory detention was introduced as a deterrent by the Labor government in 1992, when a small number of people arrived by boat. Ten years later, there had been 5,000 boat arrivals. In the five years prior to temporary protection visas being introduced, there were 3,103 boat arrivals. In the five years following the introduction of temporary protection visas, there were over 11,000 arrivals."
"Of the 10.4 million refugees currently in the world, according to the UN, Australia’s generous resettlement program will take less than 0.0001 per cent per annum. This is the number that will find their way to our shores each year, and it would therefore be reasonable to craft policy in proportion to the dimension of the challenge faced in Australia—not to ramp it up with political rhetoric."
"If we are serious about stemming the flow of refugees, we must desist from punitive policies and join with our regional neighbours and the international community to prevent the tyranny, genocide and war which cause people to flee from their homelands. We must prepare to share the burden of those who come to the region seeking asylum. After all, few people would choose to leave their home and make such a perilous journey without good cause." (Source: The Hon. Judi Moylan, Member for Pearce, from a speech to the House of Representatives, 21 February 2011).
Australia has dealt with this issue before with the influx of refugees from Indochina in the 1970s. The nation, with strong leadership from Malcolm Fraser, managed to work through that situation with compassion and good sense.
There's no reason it cannot be done once more. All that is required is leadership and conviction.
How many politicians will now join with Judi Moylan and take a stand for what many know to be right?
How many will search deep into their conscience and ask themselves did they really enter public life to be party to the vilification of some of the most vulnerable people in the world?
How many will say to themselves, "enough is enough"?
How many will have the courage to say NO?
As a final point, this little 'tutorial' neatly explains how fear and ignorance can be exploited by ruthless politicians to the detriment of their nation see here and after having watched that it might be worth reflecting on this and then listening to this.
1. This would be one of the most moving and yet heartrending posts I have ever read. You put the case so simply and passionately and I wish that it were so that more people say NO.
Alas, the latest poll by Essential Research indicates that there is a lot of headway to be made against the bigotry and ignorance in the community. It is not helped by the rabid ravings of the right-wing shock jocks on radio and TV or, as you say, our current crop of politicians.
To borrow from another famous speech by Dr King, I have a dream.....
I hope I live to see the day.
Thank you for posting such an insightful commentary.
2. You are most welcome, Allan. Thank you for your comments.
3. Brought tears to my eyes. A truly beautiful profound and inspiring post. Thankyou.
4. Well said. I hope many people read this and repent of their bigotry
5. 30,000+ illegals later under the leftie experiment and it's been proven to be a dismal failure.
Under Howard we had 3 boats a year, under Dillard and Rudd we have 3 boats a day. Our detention centres are full. Immigration bill has blown out by $5 Billion Dollars.
The leftie experiment is just about over, only a few months to go.
BTW... Tell real refugee's in a downtrodden refugee camp in Euthopia that cashed up queue jumpers wearing designer clothes getting their spots is fair. Go on... I dare ya. You might have to come out of your leftie fantasy world back to reality.
Blog Archive
Our home
Our home
Earthrise over the moon (click on picture to view film)
The pale blue dot
The pale blue dot
Earth viewed from Saturn (click on picture to view film clip)
Our neighbourhood
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The Solar System (click on picture to view film)
Our Home Galaxy
Our Home Galaxy
The Milky Way (click on picture to view film)
A sister galaxy
A sister galaxy
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Another sister galaxy
Another sister galaxy
Triangulum (click on picture to view short film clip)
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The Local Group of Galaxies
Our Galactic Neighbourhood (click on picture to view film clip).
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Avian Bird Flu Poses Serious Threats To Humans
Avian flu virus: constantly mutating
Avian influenza typically affects birds, specifically migratory birds, ducks and chickens.
Avian influenza is an infectious viral disease that is similar to human flu. Several subtypes of Type A flu viruses cause avian influenza. Avian influenza differs from human flu in terms of the proteins that reside on the surface areas of the avian influenza virus subtypes.
It is known that there are 16 different HA (hemagglutinin) subtypes and nine NA (neuraminidase) subtypes of the avian influenza virus. These subtypes can combine with each other, producing different subtypes of the disease. Because of these constant combinations of subtypes, producing vaccines becomes even more difficult. One can never know what subtype will emerge next, let alone what its impact will be.
In addition, viruses are known to be constantly evolving. Viruses are constantly “changing their spots.” Thus, scientists have to also evolve the medicines and vaccines that are being produced in order to keep up with the viruses’ constant evolution.
H5N1: deadly avian flue subtype
So far, only a few subtypes of the avian influenza virus have managed to cross over from the bird species to human species. These subtypes are H9N2, H7N7, H7N3 and H5N1. Of these subtypes, H5N1 has created the biggest alarm within the international health community. Among the subtypes that have been reported to affect humans, the H5N1 subtype appears to be the worst. The H5N1 subtype has caused more than 50 deaths to date.
Bird flu symptoms in humans are dependent on the subtype that caused the infection. Some of the bird flu symptoms in humans are typical flu like symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat and muscle aches. Bird flu symptoms in humans also include eye infections, pneumonia, and severe respiratory diseases such as acute respiratory distress and other life-threatening complications.
Avian flu: human to human transmission may be possible
The avian influenza virus and its subtypes have the tendency to easily mutate. This may be one reason that the avian flu has managed to cross over from birds to human beings. This mutation may also be the reason that human to human transmission of the disease is a distinct possibility.
The World Health Organization has said that there are three ways for the virus to cross over and become a “human flu”, which means that the disease will not only be contracted from birds but also from humans. Humans may contract the virus and mutation occurs while the virus is within the body. The bird flu virus may also combine with ordinary human flu, thereby assimilating the characteristics of the disease, including its ability to infect humans. Mutation through combination with human flu can occur in the body of humans who contract the disease while being sick with human influenza or by being in contact (consumption, for example) with pigs, which serve as carrier of both kinds of flu.
Related posts:
1. Avian Influenza crossed the Species Barrier
2. Bird Flu: A Global Outbreak, A Global Concern
3. The Bird Flu Pandemic
4. Recognizing Bird Flu Symptoms – What To Look For
5. Bird Flu Information and Update
6. Bird Flu: Fundamental Questions and Answers You Need To Know
7. “Bird Flu”: What You Need To Know
Comments are closed.
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Where is the campaign reform?
To the editor:
Before the state senate flipped from red to blue, campaign finance reform was a slam-dunk in the Assembly, where Democrats hold a two-thirds supermajority. Bills related to campaign finance reform were written and debated consistently, with little coverage and little controversy.
However, now that New York Democrats have secured an Albany trifecta — thanks to grassroots organizers ousting Republicans and the turncoat Democrats of the Independent Democratic Conference — the senate is ready to pass campaign finance reform, while it’s the Assembly who appears reluctant.
Why is it that now, when there is an actual chance of this legislation passing, the Assembly seems to have developed cold feet?
The campaign finance reform package up for debate is not so different from what was previously sponsored in 2016 by Speaker Carl Heastie and co-sponsored by Assemblyman Jeffrey Dinowitz, among others.
This reform would provide public matching funds to candidates who opt in to the system at a 6-to-1 ratio.
To put this in perspective, if you were to donate $100, it would be matched six times over. Your preferred candidate would receive an additional $600 on top of your initial $100 donation, totaling a $700 contribution.
While not a perfect remedy, the small-dollar donations of constituents could finally begin to compete with the $500 and $1,000 checks written by real estate lobbyists and other special interests.
Candidates and elected officials would not be forced to comply with the new system. Instead, they would be eligible if they also decided to forgo the big donations from non-matching eligible donors (like corporations and special interests). Those who wished to make big donor dollars could continue to do so, but new candidates without affluent donor networks, corporate backers or personal wealth could mount serious and competitive challenges.
While this would add costs to our elections, experts estimate it would only cost an additional $3 per New Yorker per year, and such a reform would broaden the spectrum of people willing and able to run for office, increase transparency into candidates’ financial backing, and strengthen our democracy.
When dark money is flooding our elections from special interests, a simple reform like the one being discussed in Albany could significantly reduce the corrupting influence of big money in politics, and amplify the voices of marginalized communities.
Reducing the barriers to entry, encouraging more people to participate in our democracy, and leveling the playing field are admirable goals we should all support.
All that’s needed is a little political courage.
Nathan Rubin
Nathan Rubin,
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Book Review: “Cold Wind” by C.J. Box
cold wind
Genre: Mystery
4.5-Watertowers(George R.R. Martin would be proud)
Wyoming Game Warden, Joe Pickett, finds his relatively new father-in-law tied to the blade of a windmill dead as a door nail.
Joe’s beloved (sic) mother-in-law, Missy, has been arrested for his murder and Joe sets out on his own to dig up the facts. Not necessarily to prove her innocence, but, rather to dig up the facts.
Nate’s hiding place is discovered and a shocking death ensues. Nate goes on a hunt to find those responsible.
With the political issues behind the Government’s push for renewable energy sources as the backdrop (in this case wind power), “Cold Wind” is a wonderfully complex story of love, hate, and deceit. More deaths follow…Martin would indeed be proud.
This is #11 in the Joe Pickett series. Three more to go! 🙂
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• How exactly to Get Bitcoin
If you're seeking to get into the overall game of Bitcoin and hold your personal coins, there are lots of alternatives available. Listed here are a few of the various ways designed for buying some Bitcoin of one's own.
Find them from an exchange
One of the very popular ways to obtain bitcoins is via an exchange. Websites like Bitstamp, BTC-E, or Cavirtex in Canada, permit you to obtain Bitcoin. They don't offer Bitcoin themselves, but how it performs is the exchanges set you as a consumer with a seller who's offering for whatever price you're seeking for.
That appears such as a great choice, and in certain ways it is, but it has their negatives as well.
One of the important kinds is that the exchanges need you to include your own personal data for them via Know Your Client legislation that's contained in several places in relation to currency-related businesses. This may perhaps not be considered a problem for everybody, in a post-NSA scandal age, it's becoming more and more obvious, at the very least in my experience, that information you add out there is more accessible than you think.
I would be a small weird, but who understands what can happen in the future. In the end, just a decade ago the proven fact that the federal government is spying on everything we do was strictly the kingdom of tin foil cap conspiracy theorists, and now it's just common knowledge. Who knows what's next?
As you are able to inform, I'm not a big supporter of the exchanges. The idea that I have to quit my own data to an entity which might have to launch that data seems to go against the spirit of Bitcoin.
Fortuitously, you will find different options.
Mine them
Needless to say, there's just one position Bitcoins really result from; mining. Every Bitcoin you'll actually own, see, or hear about, was at one time mined via the Bitcoin mining network.
If you find your self in possession of a mining platform, go ahead and mine away! Or if you have a computer fast enough to create it advantageous, that's great too.
But be cautious! If your personal computer isn't cooled correctly, you work the danger of overheating it, which could probably brick it.
Seriously, mining with your personal computer is not really worth it. Perhaps not anymore. Because the mining trouble raises, it becomes more and more challenging to gain any benefit from it. And unless you have a passionate mining platform, your opportunity of getting any sort buy BTC in Nigeria of return from mining is quite low.
Some fight that mining is returning out, and also purchasing a devoted mining platform is not really a legitimate choice anymore. I disagree, but that is clearly a subject for yet another day.
Get them from an exclusive broker
If you're able to locate a individual broker, you are able to hook up with them and exchange. It's some apparent benefits, but it also has drawbacks.
First off, it's entirely anonymous. Even although you meet in person, there's no reason you'll need to make use of your real name, or any information regarding yourself besides your wallet quantity so they can move the funds to you. And if you spend cash, the banks can not trace it either. So if that is clearly a problem for you personally, you are in business.
But needless to say with anonymity comes some risk as well. Working via an trade, the risk of having cheated is lower. Obviously, transactions have disappeared in the past, taking everyone's Bitcoins using them, but the bigger, more recognized exchanges experienced time to construct their company and demonstrate themselves as more trustworthy.
You may pay a price advanced for that anonymity as well. From my knowledge, it could be as much as 15-20% greater than average exchange prices. But again, if anonymity is important for you, that is a small cost to pay.
Once you business with somebody anonymously, there isn't the safety of the exchanges. They could be legit and honest, but they could just as easily be questionable and prepared to split you off. That said, buying from a personal broker is my chosen approach of buying Bitcoin. But it's crucial to have protection steps in position, otherwise you're making yourself open to getting burned.
Accept them as payment for goods and services
This 1 is really obvious, however often persons forget about it. Amidst all the investors getting a part of Bitcoin and the excitement across the movement, it's simple to forget that Bitcoin is not just a hot commodity or large value stock. It's developed as a questionnaire of currency. And in the event that you run a company, you can take Bitcoin as payment in place of cash.
There are many different corporations which accept Bitcoin as a questionnaire of payment. If you reside in Europe, check out this directory of companies which accept Bitcoin.
Actually, several sites have jumped up to simply help people find local corporations which take Bitcoin. And, if you are a denizen of the internet (and if you're reading this, you clearly are), there are tons of places which take Bitcoin as payment. Tiger Strong, Reddit, and WordPress are only a number of them.
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Kirkpatrick & Hopes - Succession Planning Accountants
Call us on: 0118 923 5800
Email us:
E-Myth survey result: what makes a successful business?
The people at E-Myth Worldwide have just produced their State of the Business Owner report (SOBO) for 2014.
This looked at the specifics that determined success among the 4000 business that took part, mapping them against input from business sale brokers who were able to see links between the high value, profitable companies that they sold and certain characteristics.
Here is a quick summary of the key points:
1. The best predictor of how quickly a company would grow is by how much time the business owner personally spent on marketing and sales for the company.
Those who spent at least 40% of their time on marketing and sales for their companies grew their revenue 60% faster than those that did not, and they grew their profits at an even faster rate.
2. The more a business owner believes he/she can control the future, the less it is true. To believe you can control everything yourself is a major occupational hazard for entrepreneurs. Their overconfidence meant that they had much less profitable businesses than those who were more cautious and more open to reading signs about changes in the market, in technology etc.
3. When asked what were the best and worst decisions made in the past year the answer was clearly those related to personnel and hiring and firing. The most important factor was that the owner believed that their team’s ability to generate innovative ideas was a competitive advantage.
4. One factor that better predicts success than any other is having owned at least one business before their current business. Second time around, business owners were far more likely to be entrepreneurial and to professionalize the business, put great systems in place etc.
5. The “Expert Entrepreneurs” had a clear idea of how they all fit together their “Framework” for their business, based around 3 areas: vision, unifying sales and marketing efforts and identifying the most profitable clients.
Please post a comment or let me know if you agree with these findings.
For a full copy of the SOBO report, click here
Leave a Reply
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Thursday, August 10, 2017
Awake O Thou Sleeper And Embrace The Sign
I am amazed at how many Christians are asleep when it comes to current end times prophecy events. Case in point, I was talking with a Christian the other day and he had no idea that the Revelation 12 sign was going to occur on September 23, 2017. He also had not even heard the monumental event of Israel regaining the Temple mount on July 17, 2017.
Here is a good Christian who has been in church most of his life and he had no clue about these monumental prophetic happenings—he had no clue and he is not alone! Why; why didn’t he and probably millions of other Christians have any clue about these developments?
For one; it is because most Christians have been lulled to sleep by the pre-tribulation rapture theory. They falsely believe that one day, before anything bad happens, they will just vanish. So I would surmise that they feel no need to watch prophetic events and signs even though God has clearly told us there would be signs in the heavens, and to watch.
Second; it is because most pastors will not touch these topics with a ten foot pole, thus the flock is left totally out in the dark when it comes to these matters. It is the pastor’s job to educate the flock and make sure that they are aware of prophetically important topics and current events, but most have failed to even mention any.
And why won’t most pastors speak about these things? Again it is most likely because they have been beguiled by the false pre-tribulation rapture theory. Take for example the sign of the woman clothed with the sun. Have you heard a message about it at your church? I would surmise probably not. Why?
It is because they cannot preach about it; first off they might not even know about. That is funny even the high priestess Beyonce knows about it. I wonder who she is signaling will show up after the sign appears.
And even if they know about it, they probably will not discuss it, because anyone who reads the passage in Revelation 12 can clearly see that after the sign the antichrist and his minions start their work which includes the persecution of Jews and Christians.
This fact plays havoc with their pre-tribulation belief. The pre-trib belief says the rapture happens before the antichrist starts his work. So the passage conflicts with their theory. They are like a deer in the headlights not knowing what to do and will soon be run over by the reality of the sign and its prophetic significance.
What do you think is going to happen when the September 23, 2017 sign appears and then is followed, sometime thereafter, by the arising of the antichrist, and no rapture has occurred yet? What is going to happen to the flock? They will be confused and decimated and will realize that they are totally unprepared for what is about to transpire on the earth. Or they will be in total denial and create their own reality to rationalize the situation.
Listen O shepherds; your flock is asleep to essential end times truths and events and it is your job to awaken and educate them. The sign of the woman clothed with the sun will occur on 9/23/2017, the antichrist will arise sometime afterward, and the rapture will not occur until he has persecuted Jews and Christians.
Why won’t the rapture occur? Because the rapture is not pre-trib it is pre-wrath and I can prove it to you. In The Coming Epiphany (FREE download) I present a Biblical proof showing that the rapture cannot occur until after Seal 6 is opened. This Biblical proof has never been refuted. Here it is in a nutshell;
1. The rapture is the first event of a time period known as the Day of the Lord.
18 Wherefore comfort one another with these words.
2. The Day of the Lord begins after the Sun is darkened and the moon is turned to blood.
3. The sun is darkened and the moon is turned to blood after seal 6 is opened.
4. Therefore the Day of the Lord/Rapture happens after Seal 6 is opened. That is why the people of the earth go into hiding after Seal 6 has been opened, because they have seen the Lord Jesus appear in the sky.
Why won't you believe?
The reality of a sixth seal rapture means that Christians need to be watching for and preparing for the events that precede it, namely Seals 1 to 5. Are you watching, have you prepared?
I would say that over 90% of Christians are not watching and have not prepared. And whose fault is it? Again, I put most of the blame on the pastors who have not studied God’s Word enough to see the validity of a sixth seal rapture and or are not willing to stand up for the truth of God’s Word and preach it like it is, regardless of the consequences.
I know some pastors may scoff at this, but after you see the antichrist arise and there has been no rapture yet, just remember what I told you. Unfortunately by then it will probably be too late.
And what happens when the shepherds do not feed the flock? The flock is decimated.
The sign of the woman clothed with the sun shone in the sky at the time of Christ’s first advent. The religious folk of the day missed it, but the wise men embraced it. Wake up O thou sleeper! The Revelation 12 sign of the woman clothed with the sun will be blazing in the heavens again on September 23, 2017. Do not be blinded by the light of this sign but embrace it, and let its light guide you like it did the wise men.
Awake O thou sleeper and embrace the sign!
1. William- Most excellent post, boiled down and to the point, and seriously delivered.
I read the posts over at Unsealed...a bunch of nice devout Christians, but 90% are strong pretrib....and many have clearly stated they will be out of here by September 23rd. One named "Carol" proclaimed that the rapture WILL happen September 21st -23rd...or there is NOT going to be a rapture EVER!!
I have to tactfully state my position, and I even say I hope I am wrong, but if I live , I will see the antichrist and then the great tribulation,....then the rapture as Christ comes for us in the clouds.
I kind of get brow beated , but I stand my ground. I commented that I hope they are correct, and I will happily ride up to the clouds with them. But what if they are incorrect? Will they be able to handle not being prepared, and will several fall away?
ANYONE that comes out and makes profound statements tied to any date, and that date comes and goes, should be held as a false prophet. I predict this "Carol" person,when September 24th comes by and no rapture, will more than likely disappear for awhile, then come back with a new rapture date. I have seen this happen all my life. Now, this Rev 12 sign is indeed divine, but a divine warning and NOT announcing the rapture on that date.
I would not be surprised if the eclipse causes an earthquake, or we get into WW3 before the Rev 12 sign...but a lot of stuff gas to happen before we are raptured...such as the A of D, followed by the great tribulation.....then we are to look up as our redemption draweth nigh!
I believe soon after the sign, we will see things happen fast towards the A of D.
1. Excellent comment, I am glad somebody gets it! Now get this; one of the things that the pre tribbers have hammered me with over the years is they say a seal 6 rapture is wrong because no one knows the day or hour, even though I do not know when Seal 6 will occur. Yet then they all say such and such is a rapture date.
In other words they make scripture fit their theory rather than making their theory fit scripture. scripture
2. Many years ago when I was conducting a prayer meeting with slum dwellers, I commented that even St. Paul was wrong in believing that our Lord Jesus Christ will come back in his generation. That Paul's teaching on not marrying was a good option at the time because the Lord's coming was near. Since then, I had come across so many writings about the Lord's 2nd coming and was disappointed time and time again by many different Christian writers who kept putting dates on the Lord's 2nd coming and they had very well-researched studies to back them up. Not so long ago, I came across a Christian writer who explained that the Lord Jesus did come again in his disciples' generation. This somehow affirmed my belief that Our Lord Jesus is ruling now and that I will be resurrected at my death if I remain faithful to the end. I have no desire living again in this physical world.
1. Paul was not wrong, he did not believe the coming of the Lord was imminent, he knew that the antichrist must come first, the abomination of desolation to occur. So he knew that the rapture was not imminent till those things happened. Though he was hoping the rapture would occur soon as I do today but I know it is not imminent until the ac does his work.
3. One thing about some pre-trib rapture folks that always bothered me is how "ok" they seemed to be about the Jews being left behind to get their come-uppence. With DNA testing being so accessible now, they better check out their own status (many Christians are finding out they have some Jewish blood coursing through them)- they may find themselves in the Jewish camp. It just makes more sense that everyone has to go through a period of trial by fire to burn off the dross.
1. Yes it does make sense that people have to go through tribulations. For example in the past God let Christians go through tribulations like the great depression, wars, etc so why are we different?
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Manufacture laughters
ai meu deus
i think that isnt a costume
not funny bad taste
AA do lepo lepo
very good,!!!
jesus ist doch kein zombie
god, I meant god
itz a zombie apocalypse, hey, and a retarded version of gof
that's rude
This is just stupid
Ist Jesus wirklich soo fett?
seit wann hat jesus boots
Wesen evil??
that is just wrong....shame on who posted this
nice constipated face lady
thats from dogma... and jésus died n come back. son hé ils rhe mpsr famous zombi
Maha is crazy
Jesus has boots...
WoooHooo! You go JESUS.
This doesn't deserve a comment
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People Who
Month: March, 2013
Another Slice of Midtown
Sitting in the bistro across the street, at a small table in front of the window, where a ruddy sunset is going on. Each of the two adjacent patios is crowded: black young and gay next door at Willy’s; slightly older, much whiter, and about 50-50 hetero to homo over here. Two kids in tight shirts wander over from Willy’s and settle in chairs just outside the door. They’re drinking margaritas from plastic cups. Much drunken conversation at the bar about the one kid’s pants, which even in the land of low-hanging pants are impressive, riding at upper-mid thigh, his brown legs visible below the blinding leg bands of his tighty-whiteys.
A waiter backs through the door with a full tray and one of the glasses drops on the patio. It goes off like a bomb and one of the kids knocks his chair over. A dog rockets under a table and nearly upends it, and the owner comes out from behind the bar. He tells the kids from Willy’s, they want to sit here, they have to order here. Then he helps clean up the glass. Everything settles back down, only now there’s a shard of glass in the pot of oregano just outside the window. The shard is curved, like a leaf or a boat.
A quarrel at the bar about who offended whom: a few minutes ago there was a joke about whether heteros should live in Midtown, and a reply about paying taxes, and ten minutes later someone is offended. Two women at opposite ends of the bar lean out around the argument and discuss whether anyone, anywhere, should ever eat liver and onions. On one TV screen above the bar, the Red Sox are playing the Orioles, with much standing around and open-mouthed cud-chewing. On the smaller TV in the corner, Bart Simpson is being shaken upside down by Homer, while Lisa shuffles a deck of cards in front of a man in a smoking jacket who might be Hugh Heffner, or maybe Ricky Jay. A third TV, by the kitchen, is showing European football.
A woman sticks her head in from the patio and announces the po-po’s here. There’s a cry of merriment. Speculation as to why someone called the cops: someone had his pants down, there was a fight. The woman in the doorway says there was an incident last weekend (knowing looks, fingers sketching quotes around the word “incident”).
Gloamy on the patio now. A short, heavy Mexican man in a ball cap angles between chair-backs and shoulders, lighting the candles on the tables with an electric match.
The controversy over the pants is long gone. A tall woman with a coat-rack build and permed hair sips golden liquid from a shot glass and peruses the wine list. Her friend, also a woman, a good bit younger, is talking about dating. “I’m expecting to be impressed. I’m expecting chocolates and roses. I’m expecting to be complimented.” Her older companion looks at her over the top of the menu. “Just kidding.”
Yankees vs. Sox: aught to aught.
Scattered Thoughts, for Megan
Blogging: it’s a stupid word. It’s Gog and Magog and agog. It’s bog-hopping; it’s clog-dancing in boots. I don’t know why I’m doing it, except as a quiet writing exercise, putting words in the world just to see what it’s like to finish things. I don’t publicize it and I’m not enabling comments because I don’t much give a damn what anyone thinks about it. I mean I do, of course, but I believe all the way down into the spongy red marrow of my bones that praise is a faulty motivator. Praise messes with your head, and the absence of praise messes with your head. It’s hard enough as it is to figure out how to do this, and why; hard enough to forget and unlearn the everything wrongheaded I keep thinking I know about it. Craving praise has never done anything for me but make me afraid to write a word.
* * *
I know what you mean about looking up and realizing you’ve missed it. The supposed missing of a supposed chance or calling is only an illusion, but that doesn’t make it feel any less real. Having done nothing with your talent but avoid getting fired for ten years is no more significant in a given moment at sixty than it is at a given moment at thirty; the moment lasts exactly as long in either case, and the space that could be filled with what you have to offer is just as empty. Read the rest of this entry »
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Obstetrics and Gynecology | NorthShore
Compassionate Care
Whether you are looking to maintain good health, receive minimally invasive treatment or find out if your family will soon be growing, we provide comprehensive and compassionate care to keep you in the best of health. From preventative screenings to advanced procedures, our care is personalized to you at every stage.
Our Obstetrics and Gynecology team provides:
Shaw and patient
Comprehensive Approach
Beyond treatment for gynecological conditions and care for a healthy pregnancy, our board-certified team of physicians gives patients a multidisciplinary, comprehensive approach to their ongoing health.
Among others, our preventative screenings for breast cancer, colon cancer and osteoporosis allow us to catch conditions in their early stages and halt progress, while our award-winning electronic medical records system keeps every member of your care team informed, resulting in a seamless patient experience.
Once a diagnosis has been made, patients can depend on NorthShore for advanced and minimally invasive procedures, so they can recover quickly and comfortably.
>Swenson and Hirsch
Health & Development
To promote good health and development at every stage, including during pregnancy, we believe in providing patients with the education they need to make informed decisions.
Through yearly health exams and checkups during pregnancy, our Obstetrics and Gynecology team is able to perform regular evaluations and screenings, as well as give expert advice on preventative care and family planning.
Whether you are an adolescent scheduling your first appointment or a woman seeking an easier transition through menopause, we can provide you with a personalized approach to managing your care.
Three Women
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Do identical twins have different fingerprints?
Dear Cecil:
Cecil replies:
If this is the kind of thing that keeps you up at night, babe, don’t ever have teenagers. The sound-bite answer to your question is yes — identical twins have fingerprints that can be readily distinguished on close examination. However, the prints do have striking similarities. In fact, before the arrival of modern genetic testing, similarity of fingerprints was often used to determine whether twins were identical or fraternal. (Identical twins, you’ll recall, are genetic duplicates who develop from a single egg. Fraternal twins develop from separate eggs and are no more closely related than ordinary siblings, except that they spend nine months sharing an extremely small bedroom.)
Twin fingerprints are much beloved by scientists, who see them as a classic arena for the old nature-versus-nurture debate: What made you what you are today, your genes or your environment? Twin fingerprints clearly show that it’s a little of both. If you compare palm prints and fingerprints of the Dionne quintuplets (born in 1934, they were the first quints of which all five survived), you find that the broad-brush pattern of lines, whorls, loops, etc., as well as what researchers call “ridge count,” were quite similar for the whole crew. Nonetheless each kid had unique prints due to differences in detail. “There is as yet no evidence that the arrangement of the minutiae (ending ridges, bifurcating ridges, etc.) is in any way genetically influenced,” writes fingerprint expert James Cowger. Presumably these minor but crucial differences arise from random local events during fetal development, the same kind of thing that makes each snowflake unique.
“But Cecil,” you say, “you yourself revealed that duplicate snowflakes have been found!” So I did, but don’t think that’s gonna help you beat a murder rap. One genius has computed that the chances of duplicating even a portion of a fingerprint are 1 in 100 quintillion (one followed by 20 zeros). Multiply that by the totality of each finger times ten fingers and you can see why O.J. thought he’d have better luck hiring a rhyming lawyer. (OK, O.J.’s problem was DNA, not fingerprints, but you know what I’m saying.)
Now think what this tells us about the nature of life. (You thought this was just about fingerprints? And Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance was just about motorcycles!) Fingerprints suggest we are not simply the prisoners of our genes. On the contrary, much of our physical makeup seems to be improvised — improvised, moreover, not by some master jazz musician, but by a collection of stupid molecules. How can this be? For that matter, how does this whole business of “gene expression” work? I mean, you start off with a little blob of protoplasm, and the cells divide, and somehow one bunch of cells knows it’s going to wind up being the liver, another the eyeball, and another the right pinkie … but how? How does this fabulously complicated creature arise from the genetic information in the chromosomes? I gotta confess to you, friends. It stumps even me.
Let’s close with one question maybe we can answer. Assuming the Creator didn’t make fingerprints solely as an aid to law enforcement, what are they for, anyway? James Cowger thinks he knows. He calls fingerprints “friction ridges” and suggests they make it easier to get a grip. And these days, God knows, couldn’t we all use the help?
Send questions to Cecil via
Comment on this Column
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The question this evening has to do with glory and the meaning that glory would have as we say the Lord’s Prayer and think about the concepts of “the Kingdom and the power and the glory.” What is the glory that belongs to the Father, or to the Creator, and what part in that glory do we play, how do we offer glory, and... that’ll do.
(Carla channeling)
I am Q’uo, and greet each in the love and the light of the one infinite Creator. It is a privilege and pleasure to share this meditation with you. May we say, for those sensitive enough to sense the presence of another entity, that the one known as Latwii is with this group this evening, having been called in support but not to speak. Having answered the challenge, the contact prefers to be silent and supportive.
Joy, worship, adoration, praise, honor, glory. Within your illusion you may see glory. It exists instinctually and continuously. Each creation of land and sea and air sharing its rustling leaves, its proud and sturdy branches, its healing magic, its sweet rainfall, sharing all, the glory of a rainbow or of a beautiful scene, is not simply the expression of admiration of geographical territory but a prayer of thanks to its Creator who has made all things well.
This instrument, we find, has asked this question because in this instrument’s mind the concept of humility is congruent with the idea of service to others. Thus, the instrument wonders what the place of glory is in the life of the seeker. Within the day-to-day life glory is beheld by many eyes and seen by few hearts in true perception. Most entities sitting in the midst of glorious beauty find that they have a chore to do that must be done, that keeps the eye upon the paper or within the work area, so that one cannot look out and see the easiest, clearest, most eloquent and poignant definition of glory.
Why should the Creator be glorified? The most simplistic answer is, “Look about yourselves, witness the unique character of each dawning, of each dusk, each change of weather that moves the feelings and emotions—quieter when it is pearly, nacreous and rainy; happy and active when the winter sun deigns to shine its glory upon your fair planet. There is an element of “breaking through” to that metaphor, for the glorious light of the one infinite Creator must break through clouds. And in understanding glory itself, you within the self must break through clouds of unworthiness, unhappiness and disquiet.
It is truly said in your holy work named the Bible that in quietness and confidence is your peace. When one becomes still enough to cease the speaking one rapidly becomes aware of the astonishing and miraculous wonder and the beauty of the creation. All of this beauty is within you, all of the Creator is within you, all of the Creation is within you. So, when you give glory to the Creator, you give glory to the deepest part of yourself and affirm your ultimate and far-off nature, affirm that you are a prodigal moving through strange lands, faring variously and aiming at last for the home of the Father.
The Creator does not have a sense of Its own glory. That which you know as glory is that which is recognized by your peoples as an appropriate response to the beauty and blessings, challenges and learned lessons that shape each entity’s destiny. One is not always able to focus upon the affirmative, to praise circumstances or to give glory to the source of those circumstances. One often thinks not about one’s own incarnation. Had the Creator not felt a glory within thee, would you be? For you are the active principle of the infinite One. You are the crossroads of eternity and time, of reality and illusion. And in any illusion there is the moment when that illusion is shattered and the wonder comes upon one.
The first glory is that which the Creator has invested in you. Thus, it is centrally important to come to an understanding and acceptance and a self-forgiveness within the inner structure of the heart, the mind, and the spirit. As we have mentioned before, it is far more common for the self to be overly judgmental and perfectionistic about the self than for that same self to find many things unacceptable about others. Yet, how can the self be unacceptable to the self? How can the Creator be so distorted that that spark within becomes hidden? You move upon your skis down the white alp, the wind blows by and your face is cold, except for your goggles. Every muscle, every fiber of the being is engaged in this plummeting trip, this sailing upon the Earth, this experience that seems most glorious.
It is exciting. It is that about which one becomes intense. Thus, entities within your culture give glory to many, many things which are not that which is truly glorious. No matter how worthy the entity, the glory of that entity is not the entity, but the Creator within the entity, for one who speaks to another speaks to the Father within that other. And the glory, if there be any, goes solely to the Creator.
Glory is a concept directly at odds with judgment, for in the concept of glory, with the concept that all are one, then all are potentially full of glory, able to generate glory through love and light and service and able to experience glory in the inner room of meditation and contemplation and in the environments which so richly endow each with companionship, laughter, light-heartedness, and a sense of confidence and security that comes from feeling that the self is indeed worthy, that the self at heart is indeed a portion of the glory of the Creator.
It may seem much to you as though we suggest you praise yourselves. By all means, do so. It is known by you to a nicety in this system of illusion that one is not particularly glorious very much of the time. The illusion of difficulty and challenge is heavy; the blockages to self-awareness and self-forgiveness, formidable. To think of oneself as a part of something glorious is very difficult under these circumstances, for one feels humility and somehow it seems that one cannot feel humility and affirming—we correct this instrument—affirmation of glory in the self at the same time. Yet, this paradox is one of the strongest spiritual truths, the dynamics of which a seeker needs to grasp, for the glory lies not within the behavior, not within the surface thinking, but at the level at which each is a portion of the one infinite Creator.
Few there are within third density that are able to manifest perfect glory, for in manifesting perfect glory one no longer has any catalyst to process and one is able to stay in the love and the light of the one infinite Creator, praising and blessing the name of the Creator, speaking hallelujahs for all the blessings of your life. Yet, in the next hour you shall walk away from this beautiful concept, this imperishable ideal, and be unable to live up to that which is truly within you at this time. Yet, the glory is there. It continuously speaks to you, continuously moves within you and, as you become more transparent, more trusting, more accepting of that which occurs, of those conditions in which one finds oneself, one can then allow the glory to flow through the self to all the other portions of that glory.
What do you mean when you say “glory”? In some cases, entities mean heaven; others mean worship; others, praise. Even your flag has the name of “Godhead,” undoubtedly named with deliberation. The nature of the Creation is love and the nature of love is glorious. It is much to be awed by, much to be studied. There is much to take into meditation each and every day, and there is the listening ear to develop to the less and less distorted self that lies deeper and deeper within the self, closer and closer to the true self which, in the end, as it was your Source, shall be your Omega.
Now, what is glory to you? Is there glory in serving others in an humble way, in chores, in cooking and cleaning and mothering and fathering and providing and working? The amount of glory you allow into your life is up to you. The glory is there, intrinsic in each moment. Beauty lies all around. Dreams, hopes and ideals abound. And these artifacts of the spirit and the mind and the emotions are wonderful, wondrous and glorious. For, is not love glorious, my friends? Remember that the one known as Jesus removed the commandments of his predecessors, and, instead, asked each to love the Creator and to love each other as the self. This was the new promise that this teacher requested from its followers.
The direct reason that most people do not feel glory, or any intense emotion, is that the culture in which you live is difficult, and in fact, even for it, is going through a difficult period because of the transformation of space and time as your galaxy spins into a new configuration, a new space.
How can one find glory when one has not perceived glory? One may meditate upon glory. But perhaps the best way to approach the understanding of the word glory is to strip [away] all adjectives and gaze at the great noun, “I,” the great verb, “AM.” To exist is glory. To be conscious is potentially to live in the Kingdom of the Father. Why should a relationship with a father whose love for each is infinite produce anger, confusion and disputation? These things are a portion of your illusion. If you are able to silence your mind, silence your doubts and to open the door to the inner room in private and devout meditation, that silence for you may be a great voyage of discovery, for you will find more and more to like about the self, more and more to see as accomplishments as each entity moves through the life experience and becomes more mature.
Could one do without glory? By no means. To say “glory” is also to say “passion.” Glory is the passion of the heart and it has its artifacts in the blue ray of communication of an inspirational nature and the indigo ray of work done upon the self in self-healing, self-forgiveness, self-quieting and, above all, self-acceptance. The beginning of lover—we correct this instrument—the beginning of loving others as one loves the self is to discover the glory within the self, to forgive the self for its behaviors which shall be various due to the workings of free will, so that one may concentrate as much as possible simply on loving and being with the infinite One.
So many things you have seen have been to you glorious and wonderful, awesome and a cause for devotion and worship. Know that this within your spirits is not an artifact of culture, is not a trained portion of an entity, but an instinctive, genuine need. Each entity needs and seeks to find that glory, that joy which somehow, although it may not have been experienced since young childhood, each is aware does exist. One may not become glorious by one’s decision to do so. Each has the guidance, the Comforter, within. And this Comforter, with its longer point of view, its wider perspective, may find the glory in moments which seem less than intensely glorious.
Glory is the faculty of the child who finds those things which it likes passionately lovable and glorious objects of love. Were there not an objective referent to glory in the metaphysical sense, there would be no word, for the word “glory” is that which reaches out into eternity for that which it knows not. It knows the glory as a mystery, and, like [buoys] clanging in the fog on a stony coast, it is hidden and it is difficult to navigate through the waters of humanity and ordinary living to create the intensity of consciousness that allows one to glorify and praise and thank the one infinite Creator. Yet, this exercise comes back to you an hundredfold, a thousandfold, a millionfold, for as you recognize the glory of the one infinite Creator, the glory of Creation, the glory of the heart of humankind, one becomes aware of the glory hidden within, that treasure in earthen vessel, that gem within the body. As you become more humble and more aware of how many errors are self-perceived by you, paradoxically you shall become more and more aware of the exploding excitement of the creation in its eternal dance, in its endless beauty, in its infinite love under the powerful strength of pure light.
You shall not always be manifest, you shall not always need to feel glorious, for you shall become glorious as you move back to your source and become a portion of the potentiated Creator that has not yet been potentiated.
It seems odd to use glory as a word which describes the pilgrimage experience. One’s shoes are dusty from the road and painful from the stones upon it; one has hardships, thirsts, hungers and [yet one still] seeks. How can this be glorious? Yet, if you will open the heart and request a sense of praise, thanksgiving, worship and adoration of the one infinite Creator, suddenly glory will be understood by you, the glory of all that there is, the glory of the journey, the glory of its beginning, its ending, and its infinite progression.
You entities call many things glorious. Artifacts of humankind such as music and art and literature receive this adjective frequently and truly, in some cases, the author or the composer has, indeed, touched upon part of the glory of humankind, part of the birthright of the imperishable spirit which you are. You are taught to feel unglorious; you are taught to doubt the self, to esteem the self most lowly and to act defensively. Glory is radiant, quiet, confident, brilliant and radiant. It is an aspect, an attribute of the one infinite Creator that inspires in the seeker purified emotion—the emotion of unconditional love, praise and thanksgiving.
As you move through your life, realize that your life is a divine and glorious gift from the active principle of the one infinite Creator to its source and ending, the unpotentiated Creator. After you have come to this gentle and loving perspective, loving the Creator and loving self as having the Creator within, partially hidden by distortions, one may begin to see the glory of other entities about you.
But always glory is most clearly seen in the second density of Nature, its blooming, its color changing, its infinite variety. Each flower is full of glory, yet it cannot sing praises to the Creator except with its heart. You, too, were given consciousness by the infinite Creator. Is this not a blessing? Glory is not in this case an emotional word but rather a word indicative of a worshipful and adoring attitude toward the mystery of the one infinite Creator. There is no reason to dislike the Creator; there is no reason to be indifferent to the Creator. But to the mind that is lucid there is every reason to see the glory all about one and know that the creation is like the Father.
Before we finish this speech we would like to iterate one important thing. The greatest blockage to an awareness and a feeling of intensity, passion, thankfulness and glory is the focus one has on one’s distortions of behavior which does not forgive the faculty of free will for blindsiding you with this variety of feelings and states of mind. You are not intended to be perfect people. You are intended to be pilgrims, but you carry within you great glory. May you always feel that glory and offer that glory back to its source, the Creator, alone.
At this time we would offer a contact to the one known as Jim if this instrument wishes to close this meditation. We leave this instrument in the love and the light and the glory of an inestimably beautiful and truthful and authentic creation. I am Q’uo, and those of Latwii also bid this instrument love, light and farewell. We transfer now if the instrument, Jim, is willing. I am Q’uo.
(Jim channeling)
I am Q’uo, and greet each again in love and light through this instrument. We are pleased that we have been able to make contact.
Side one of tape ends.
(Jim channeling)
I am Q’uo, and am again with this instrument. It is our privilege at this time to offer ourselves and to speak to any queries which those present may find value in asking. Is there a query at this time?
Yes, I’d like some advice in listening. I’m developing a new and very important relationship, and although speaking helps me it does not help the other person to feel better. Therefore, I feel selfish as I work out my understanding of the nature of that entity whom I love and would like to understand. Could you comment as to how I might circumnavigate, if possible, this somewhat difficult for the other soul’s method of becoming aware of the needs of another?
I am Q’uo, and am aware of your query, my sister. You ask us a query which seems upon the surface to be possessed of serious limitations, shall we say, for among your peoples the desire and ability to communicate in a clear and compassionate fashion is one of the greatest tools that entities may utilize in the sharing of the self and the allowing of another to do likewise, for there are few among your people that can be assured that any degree of understanding has been achieved by any other means. Since the telepathic or empathic [inaudible] there is little left for an entity who wishes to understand the needs of another if the tool of words is no use. However, one may attempt to reach in feeling, or what you may call [inaudible] by utilizing the sense of another entity, shall we say, to make the self available enough to another entity. To accomplish this task is to make of the self a receiver which is sensitive to long variations in the beingness, shall we say, of another entity. It is possible to develop this skill by a system of trial and error whereby one checks the results with another entity. However, one can never be certain that one has been accurate in the sensing.
We apologize [inaudible] for this instrument is having difficulty in maintaining the focus necessary for the contact.
(Carla channeling)
I am Q’uo, and greet each again in the love and in the light of the infinite One. May we ask if there are any more queries before we close this evening?
I am Q’uo. We seem to have satisfied your appetite and we are most happy to have done so with our tools, which are fallible and liable to error. Therefore, we ask each to treat that which we say as that which it is—opinions held by those a bit further along the long and dusty path than are those within your density. Still, we do not know all that there is, and we cannot be considered to be truly wise, for still we have identity, and this is not weakness but a resistance to love itself.
How can the Creator love if all It has is Itself? The Creator, in its unpotentiated form, is love. The active principle that moves with free will before each creation to create consciousness and to start a new process is that which...
We are sorry, for this contact is breaking up as this instrument is concerned for the one known as Jim. We simply ask you to open your eyes, to open your hearts, to open your ears to the infinite variety of the glory, the beauty, and the truth of the infinite Creator Who has truly done all things well. We leave this group with obvious reluctance, for, yes indeed, we would chat with you much longer, could we. Yet, we realize that there is only so long that you entities can sit and concentrate. Thus, we urge you to compensate for this day with laughter, merriment and light heartedness. These are also most positive and contribute to a sense of glory. Avoid only those things which rob one of glory: the self-criticism, the criticism of the wisdom of the Creator, the criticism of the wisdom of other selves. When you feel these concerns, honor the glory within and move from concern to clarity and descending light, for so the glorious peace and love of the infinite One may flow through you to engage and kindle another soul, through intensity, passion and the true winds of the glory of the infinite One.
We leave each of you in glory. May you see it everywhere you turn. May you see it in each other and may you love each other. We are those of Q’uo, and are asked by Latwii to thank you for joining with them. We leave you in the love, the light, and the glory of the infinite One. We are known to you as Q’uo. Adonai, my friends. Adonai.
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Hello everyone, Calanne of Starlight here.
I have decided to open up the doors to my kin, Starlight. I wont be actively recruiting in game, just leaving the door open.
At the moment, this kin is made up of me and some alts. It was started purely as a band kin for my non-levelling musical duo, however I have recently found myself levelling Calanne and enjoying playing a minstrel. I have a kinhouse now and thought it might be an idea to open the doors to others.
This kin would be great for you if:
You are a casual solo player/duo.
You are low-mid level.
You enjoy music events.
You are not looking for an end game/grouping experience with a kin, just occasional help and a relaxed social environment.
So basically, a kin for solo players who may want to occasionally group up but mostly just like mature, intelligent and friendly chat while they play. Oh, and who would like the odd party
If you're interested then send me a tell/message in game and we can talk!
Calanne x
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Wednesday, December 29, 2010
HAPPY New Year!
~Edith Lovejoy Pierce~
Wednesday, December 22, 2010
HAPPY Holidays!
~Wilfred A. Peterson (The Art of Living)
Teach us to value most eternal things.
To find the happiness that giving brings...
To know the peace of misty, distant hills.
To know the joy that giving self fulfils.
To realize anew this Christmas Day.
The things we keep are those we give away.
~Marvin Davis Winsett ("A Christmas Prayer")
Wishing everyone a very healthy, safe and HAPPY holiday!
Wednesday, December 1, 2010
Spelling Challenge
It's time for a Spelling Challenge! Grab a cup of java, a sticky note and pen, and write down the correct spelling for the ten words below!
1. amatuer
2. tarrif
3. liason
4. carberator
5. reccommend
6. afficionado
7. athiest
8. comemmorate
9. occurrance
10. viscious
If you spell all ten words correctly, you get the beautiful sparkling gold glitter star! Good Luck!
1. amateur
2. tariff
3. liaison
4. carburetor
5. recommend
6. aficionado
7. atheist
8. commemorate
9. occurrence
10. vicious
Whether or not you got your star, everyone gets this spray of PURPLE glitter stars for your efforts!
Have a HAPPY day!
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COLUMN-Who deserves a hatchet job?
by Reuters
Friday, 28 February 2014 15:05 GMT
By Jack Shafer
Feb 28 (Reuters) - The New York Times dinged the New York Observer yesterday in an absolute fair and responsible fashion, documenting the weekly's great efforts to pillory Eric T. Schneiderman, the attorney general of New York, the results of which the Observer published on Tuesday ("The Politics and Power of A.G. Schneiderman: Will Righteous Eric bag big prey? Or Will Reckless Eric come undone?").
Both the Times piece and a BuzzFeed article, published earlier in the week, build the circumstantial case that the Observer story was a hatchet job designed to retaliate against Schneiderman. Why should the Observer want to hurt the attorney general? Well, he filed a $40 million lawsuit against Donald J. Trump last year. Trump is the father-in-law of Jared Kushner, who owns the Observer, and Kushner bosses the paper's editor, Ken Kurson. Kurson originally assigned the Schneiderman story to an inexperienced writer and allegedly encouraged him with comments (Schneiderman is a "bad guy" and a "phony") as well as plying him with negative articles about Schneiderman. How hard did Kurson push? The young writer bailed because he believed Kurson was prodding him into writing a "smear piece," and a new writer was enlisted.
Obviously, the Trump-Kushner-Kurson axis has motives to scuttle Schneiderman with a newspaper article. But neither the Times nor BuzzFeed cite any inaccuracies in the Observer piece. The Times calls it a "searing, 7,000-word indictment of Mr. Schneiderman, portraying him as vindictive and politically opportunistic" and as a "robust defense" of Trump. In an editorial note, the Observer offers some transparency about its conflicts of interest, and presents a genesis of the article.
The unstated subtext of the Times and BuzzFeed pieces seems to be that there is something wrong about commissioning a hatchet job. But don't editors do that all the time? If an editor can't commission a hatchet job, or at the very least encourage a reporter to take a preferred direction, what's the point of being an editor?
Excessive fairness provides only one path to truth, and one man's smear is often another man's exuberant truth-telling. The fact that an inexperienced writer did not grasp Kurson's concept for the piece, and thought he was being directed to "smear" the subject doesn't mean Kurson was shopping for a smear. It could be that the writer, being inexperienced and new to the Schneiderman topic, and Kurson, being certain of the story he was chasing, miscommunicated at a basic level that the writer perceived as an attempt to smear. Whatever the case, the motives and skullduggery behind a story usually matter less to me than does the story's substance. In the case of the Observer story, I'll sit tight until somebody knocks it down as inaccurate, a piece I've yet to see.
Any effort to marginalize the Observer piece because of Kushner's "conflicts of interest" should be ignored. On the New York City battlefield, everybody knows everybody. Everybody holds a grudge against everybody else. Everybody is conflicted. But when everybody is conflicted, nobody is, and nobody should be indemnified from criticism just because it comes from a conflicted space. In my experience, protests over conflicts of interest usually ensue when the news subject thinks he can tie up in a clinch the journalists assigned to write critically about him. My ringside advice to colleagues: Oil your hair and your jacket, slip out of the subject's grasp, and then jab, jab, jab.
Those who oppose hatchet jobs might as well give up on journalism altogether. There is scarcely a publication, big or small, prestigious or low-rent, that doesn't assign hatchet jobs now and again. Many of the classic works were composed with a sharp, heavy blade swung in wide arcs. There's Mark Twain on Mary Baker Eddy and Christian Science, for example; H.L. Mencken on the newly dead William Jennings Bryan; Wolcott Gibbs on Henry Luce, and Dwight Macdonald on Henry Wallace. Skipping ahead to the contemporary era, we witness the blowtorch of Renata Adler on Pauline Kael; the scalpel of Aaron Latham on Sally Quinn, and the smarty-pants bob-and-weave of Nicholas Lemann on David Halberstam. Michael Kelly's deft bludgeon shattered Edward Kennedy; Marjorie Williams' wickedness crippled Barbara Bush; Mark Leibovich's practiced deadpan killed Chris Matthews, and Ariel Levy's wit reduced Naomi Wolf to a laughing stock. All of these pieces are "unfair," and all of them brilliant testimonies of the truth. Graydon Carter, when serving as Spy magazine co-editor, once berated one of his writers for turning in a piece that was "too even-handed ... too lapidary." The rewrite gained Carter's approval. "This is now a fine piece of hatchetry," he said.
Not every article should be a hatchet job, for the same reason every meal shouldn't be a flask of scotch. The hatchet job is the spice, the frosting, the sauce of journalism and goes down best when used sparingly. But the need for hatchetry has never been greater: Sometimes journalists need big guns to bag their quarry: They must turn prosecutorial and busy themselves with accuracy instead of "fairness." This is especially true when covering people who lord immense governmental or corporate power over the rest of us. When writing about such potentates as Attorney General Eric T. Schneiderman, journalists should always proceed under the presumption that the subject is up to no good. (Journalists, who wield inordinate power, should be fair game for the hatcheteers, too. As my list above indicates, they are.)
To review: There is no shame in assigning, reporting, or publishing a well-done hatchet job. The only shame is in ordering puff pieces.
Every public figure deserves a hatchet job once in a while. Is Jared Kushner due for his? (Jack Shafer)
Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.
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Can You Put It Down?
Sharing Ourselves to Death?
Sharing Ourselves to Death?.
Technology Changing Social Interaction
“Technology Changing Social Interaction”
An excerpt from Jonathan Franzens upcoming book, The Kraus Project: Essays by Karl Kraus was published by The Guardian on Friday 13 September 2013. The very long excerpt is titled “What’s wrong With the Modern World” and focuses on how modern technology is changing the way social interaction occurs, and how it’s affecting the younger generations for the worse.
Using the Apple IPhone as an example, Franzen goes on to say “”It’s hard to get through a meal with friends without somebody reaching for an iPhone to retrieve the kind of fact it used to be the brain’s responsibility to remember”. Franzen’s arguing that with the development of new technology brings along a new era where people are becoming less intelligent, by relying on technology to remember things such as a close ones birthday. I was recently in New Orleans for a bachelor party, one night we all went out to a nice restaurant for dinner. After ordering our food, I placed the menu back down onto the table and when I looked up I found that everyone was staring into their laps using their smartphone instead of socializing. I demanded the phones be put away for the remainder of the meal and we carried on with normal conversation. Kraus jokes of a day when people can’t do something as simple as everyday mathematical functions; however in today’s society I don’t see this being farfetched. I am on the fence with this theory. Whether or not this is an immediate problem, I do agree that it has the potential to become a serious dilemma in the coming decades.
The advancements in technology throughout the decades has undoubtedly schlepped along the foundation for society to accept the framework for a mindless generation. A generation influenced more by social networking in order to fill an interpretation of what the “global corporate system of control” considered “Cool”. With the invention of smartphones and the availability of them in the 21st century, giant corporations have developed, adapted, and merged, almost seamlessly intergrading themselves into your everyday life, collecting and encouraging you to share your personal information. The Data collecting goes beyond your personal interests, it dives as deep as tracking your location and locations around you, essentially spying on your every move. Franzen scowls from the thought of social media, insisting it’s nothing but a bunch of malarkey. Although I agree and disagree with what Franzen has to rant about he does make some valid points.
With technology consistently changing, people are becoming ever more reliant on social media such as Facebook and Twitter. Social media networking has had an impaction on every industry from law enforcement to educational facilities and then some. According to the article in titled How Social Media Is Changing The World by Shea Bennett “684,487 Pieces of content are shared on Facebook every minute” this kind of data backs up what Franzen is talking about, and how the credibility of the published content is radically unreliable. Social networking is making it easier for people to self-promote themselves on a scale never seen before; with a little bit of money you can virtually spread any type of content to millions of people instantly.
Bennett, Shea. “How Social Media Is Changing The World [INFOGRAPHIC].” – AllTwitter. Mediabistro, 25 June 2013. Web. 22 Sept. 2013.
Jonathan Franzen: What’s Wrong with the Modern World.” The Guardian. The Gaurdian, 13 Sept. 2013. Web. 26 Sept. 2013.
Bankoff, Caroline. “Jonathan Franzen Still Doesn’t Like the Internet.” Vulture. Vulture, n.d. Web. 26 Sept. 2013.
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Your PS3 future awaits – what is coming soon for PlayStation?
Home » Featured, Headline, Reviews, Videos
Limbo – The PS3 Attitude Review
Submitted by on Saturday, 23 July 201114 Comments
Limbo comes from the disturbed mind of Danish developer Arnt Jensen, and is the first title released by his independent Copenhagen-based studio, Playdead. The title was originally released last year, but finally made its way to the PS Store last week, complete with an exclusive new area.
But what exactly is Limbo? The game’s plot revolves around an unnamed boy searching for his missing sister in a strange purgatory-like world. However, much of the story is up for interpretation, particularly the ending, which is as ambiguous as it is captivating.
In gameplay terms, this basically means that the player must make their way from the left side of the world to the right, jumping on platforms, solving puzzles, and avoiding obstacles along the way. However, Limbo is much, much more than just a standard puzzle platformer.
For a start, the world of Limbo is a deadly place, where exploring will often get you killed. Trial and error is a key part of the gameplay; nothing is explained to you, with not a hint of a tutorial, so the player literally has to discover and experience everything for himself.
Other than using the left stick to move, there are only two useable buttons; X to jump and circle to use objects. However, as you may have guessed, the simple controls do not mean the game is easy. You will die a lot, often in very gruesome ways, such as being crushed, drowned or impaled.
While some gamers may not appreciate the trial and error nature of the gameplay, we felt that Limbo offers a refreshing challenge, as there is a huge sense of accomplishment when you finally make it past a puzzle you’ve been stuck on for twenty minutes.
The presentation is yet another highlight. The entire game is coloured in black and white, but despite its monochrome visuals, it really is a beautiful game, and the unique art style and fluid animations impress throughout. There are also no in-game load screens, so you’re never taken out of the experience.
The sound design is similarly minimalist, with very little music heard throughout the game, so the primary noise comes from the boy’s own footsteps. When another sound does invade the silence, it is immediately followed by a sense of dread for the player, as whatever is coming can probably kill you.
Limbo will probably take you around 3-4 hours to complete, so $15/£10 may seem like a lot, but it’s worth every penny. There are several hidden collectibles to find which will no doubt add to your play time, as well as a couple of trophies in particular that will take some serious dedication to unlock.
Simply put, Limbo is a title that deserves to be played by everyone. It really is more than just a game; it’s an experience unlike anything else. If you’re still unsure then you can always try the demo first, but every gamer owes it to himself to at least try this game.
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Category: Betting
Partake In Enjoying Betting Games with Online Vn88 Betting Website
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Masters utilizing practices players think and act pivotal to how a wide number people do while betting. In like manner before they position a bet, they ensure they are found several plans concerning the PC game. They have ensured pretty much all bits of the betting surprising development. It is in their blood and on a crucial level got smart. Notwithstanding, it goes a lot of past basically this. Skilled card sharks reliably do their evaluation. Various individuals basically select a party that has a name they like and put their bet. Ace card sharks ensure they do their set of experiences occupation and they called much as they can about the get-togethers that are playing, anyway past presentation what is considerably more how viewpoints, for instance, condition might influence on a party’s capacity. By doing this, online betting cannot as yet just be shocking similarly unbelievably satisfying.
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At the point when you are thinking about buying into a web-based school football betting assessments administration, ensure that you look around absolute first. When they make improbable cases, including our organization is correct 99Per penny of the time or we will permit you to succeed 1,000,000 this ongoing year, this is a perfectly clear sign that the ufa site is basically oversee by extortionists who are simply to get your assets. Subsequently, it is prescribed to get your work done about the help preceding joining. Essentially entering in the title of the site in the Internet search may frequently empower you to uncover a lot of insights regarding them. You will track down a plenty of betting and sports exercises betting local area gatherings out there which outline proficient administrations that give football pick. This may easily empower you to see whether the site page can be a prompted a solitary and a sham to help you to part along with your money.
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Online Football Bet
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Football perpetually betting insider districts are there in flood so you genuinely need to careful about using them. Losing two or three bucks in enlistment or sign up cost would be as huge a failure as losing numerous dollars halted in your record would when an assistance cheats you. A nice master insider’s site with an exhibited history of achievement and checked insider profiles would go very far in helping you with building tough accomplishment. A nice help is one that offers you a freeway offer, that way you can test their organizations and if you are sure their organizations are what you are looking for, you can go ahead and pay for it. If you are vital for acquiring cash betting on soccer, you truly need the best football betting tips and that you can get simply from a specialist soccer insider.
Online Sports Bet Site – Additional FSB Technology Various Choices
There are two kinds of sports fans; people who go out there and truly partake in sports. Others sit before their TVs and get their piece of improvement. Regardless, some put in the center on the faint line stand sports dears who make it their business to help through their game plan and data on express sports. Taking into account everything, each sports fan figures he can appear over his adored gathering administrator or marshal his resources better than the assistant. Regardless, like any sports improvement stacked with floods and edge of the seat energy is not for seven days hearted fan, Online Sports Betting is not really for sad by a similar token. You could think you know best concerning your darling sports; but things evidently would not end up phenomenal for you on a given day.
Online Sports Bet
Like on sports field while overwhelming top decisions get taken out. So reliably measure your decisions cautiously going prior to putting down your bets and review deluding strut would not go wherever. Enduring you are in America, you’d probably have to bet on your enjoyed sports like Ball, American Football and the critical guidelines for FSB Technology web betting, be it American B-ball Betting or American Football Betting, occur as in the past. Your responsibility is to blow mind producer and get some money, while in the process you can have a few great times too. There are different sorts of bets you can make and there are groupings of these open with a few online betting affiliations. It is crucial to show the kind of bet you are setting, which might be captivating for a starter.
Here are different sorts of bets you can make with bookmakers:
• Straight bet where definitely on the manager in fight that is eventually given. It is on occasion named as single bet other than.
• A point spread bet makes things much truly entrancing and can either manage you or fight with you Whether your get-togethers succeeds in any event not cut down the other party by pleasing edge, you would not get any money.
• The Money line bets work decisively something dismissing point spread framework, and can take some getting more familiar with. It is ideal to leave such bets till you get a hang of the development.
• The through and through bet is placed on number of centers or targets scored in the match, dependent upon what sport it is. It has nothing to do with the legend or disappointment, and could out your normal outcomes.
• A finder bet is where you pick your victors in more than one game. The compensation of your most memorable sports is parlayed onto the going with one for extra advantages. In any case you ought to overwhelm the vital match else it is basically thought to be as a lone bet.
Sports betting on the web are not all around stunned piles of outlandishness.
What you want to be aware to playing the football wagering locales?
Football is no two ways about it the most notable game around to have a spread bet on. The reason for this is fundamentally the notoriety of football and moreover the extra energy that is brought to a game when you have a spread bet on it. Spread betting effectively compensates you for being right and the more right you are the more you will see remunerated to you to the extent that advantage. Take for example you think the game between Manchester United and Queens Park Rangers Hypothetical model will high score. At this moment will buy without a doubt the quantity of goals spread say at 2.5 for state ten pound? By and by express the last whistle goes and the last score is 4-2 to Manchester United. Here you will have won £35 as each target over 2.5 is worth £10 to you. By and by express that the score was an astonishing 7-5 to Manchester United. You will have won £95. So you are gauge of it being a high scoring game is worth more the more right you were about that declaration.
So as ought to be clear from the past model the more right your feelings about a particular game turn out to be the more money goes into your advantage. By and by that is fine yet how should you use this to make immense gains from spread betting on football the veritable key to achieving this is to grasp the cerebrum study of spread bettors. The greater part of spread bettors are thrill seeker; they love the feeling of a spread bet and like to play it out nha cai w88 the end this is satisfactory we can use this as of now because most spread bettors look like this they will undoubtedly buy a spread than sell it Needing a target to go in or not requiring a goal to go.
So because of the cerebrum study of the rush searching for card shark we can reason that most spread bettors will get a kick out of the chance to buy. As of now how could this be helpful Well in the event that a more prominent number of people are buying the spread than selling it what could you do as a spread betting association You would raise the spread would not you Presently how the situation is playing out is a dishonestly brought spread up in perspective on rush searching for card sharks, not high spreads by virtue of veritable Agen Judi Bola. Moreover, it is through these misleadingly raised spreads that you can make gigantic gains from spread betting. They have similarly been cash burners, going 4-12 for the most part talking in 2005 and 6-10 against the spread, getting outscored by 11 ppg.
Walking away with Lotteries Ticket – What to Do Assuming?
You have been yearning for sorting quickly lucky and that dream has out true to form. You are by and by holding the victorious lottery ticket that will be driving you to a fiscally happy life. Here are the things that you should instantly do once you comprehend that you have walked away with that lotteries. At first, you ought to quiet. Despite how empowered you cannot avoid being, you need to calm down for quite a while. Simply encourage about your karma to people who are close to you and those that you can trust. It is reasonable not to such colossal quantities of various people yet until you get the award. There are a couple of models when people think they have won at this point finally, they comprehend that they committed a mistake. Others disregard to ensure their award and that can bring a lot of disgrace. Second, you need to understand the right pattern of ensuring the award. This can change dependent upon the locale and the country.
Score that Lotteries Tips
Third, you need to contact a lawful guide. Lawyers will help you especially assuming that a few legal issues arise. They will similarly assist you on how you with canning manage the money. For instance, they might propose a couple of banks where you can store your pay. They may similarly propose that you separate the money into different monetary equilibriums for security. Fourth, you need to keep your life stowed away. The media will reliably have to put lottery victors on the element for a respectable scoop. In any case, this news will just make your life fairly problematic in light of the fact that numerous people will endeavor to go after your confidential life. You can request the help from your legitimate advocate in order to keep your personality stowed away. Fifth, you ought to be capable about obligations. Recollect that you would not have the choice to get all of your prizes. They are considered as compensation subsequently the lawmaking body justifies the choice to trouble them.
Sixth, you need to regard your words to people you chose concurrences with. There are a couple of individuals who buy tickets as a social event to have the choice to get a fair plan on picking particular number blends. If you are one of these people, you need to regard Slot online terpercaya assurance on how you will segregate the prizes. This will help you with sidestepping any misleading ideas and conflicts. Seventh, you need to get a monetary specialist. Cash related experts will help you with dealing with your records better. They can unveil to you how you can use your money unequivocally and productively. They can give you recommendations on the most effective way to take care of your money. They can help you with making full great place of the money you have won.
Phenomenal Grounded Base Win in Online Soccer Betting Site
All around, people who value soccer betting will do as such for unadulterated unreasonableness or perhaps only for the rush attracted with it. Regardless, you could make basic expansion if contribute some energy figuring out a good method for getting cash utilizing soccer betting structures. There are designs and strategy quickly open to help you with chipping away at the conceivable outcomes gaining persevering through headway and produce a pleasant wellspring of advantage. Despite whatever else your employing decision, you can get sport picks for soccer, boxing, soccer and some more. Anyway, recall that is reality feasible to wager on soccer and this should be possible from generally any place, it is essential for preparing some consideration as there are places the country over where you would not be permitted to participate in this turn of events. In this way, you should exploit the associations gave on the objections to get gigantic data on picks, frameworks, betting and that is only a brief look at something bigger.
There are experts open who are ready to offer the absolute best systems to assist with the soccer book betting, soccer picks and whatever else that you really want to make a colossal benefit. Obviously, the framework is prepared for people to win from any sort of picks and would not be laid out on horse racing or soccer. At the point when you go with the choice to try the soccer betting strategies, you ought to consider the dangers gathered. To conceptualize on the significant strategies, you really need consider keo Champions League various elements, in any case, when you are using the shaking associations. These elements coordinate being known about the specific game or game, and the presentations of people in a specific game. By doing this, you will know whether the picks that you are getting are great furthermore be in a preferable situation over use sound judgment and finally expansion your conceivable outcomes in gaining ground.
There are assets on the soccer betting site that you can use to get expansive information, so you could procure likely the best betting procedures and know when you should ride the wave or put your cash in a successful social event. Most times you notice individuals unreasonably strengthened and sometime later end monetary arranging their energy base on recuperating lost assets, rather than focusing in on the best method for trying not to lose from now on. Thusly, before you exploit the methods, review that having discipline and remarkable cash the board will be fundamental all along. At last, maybe potentially the most basic soccer betting structures all around that truly matters, any betting or high-risk pursuits is irrefutably to wager how much cash you are ready to lose. Whether you want to wager on b-ball, soccer, soccer, boxing or hockey, you should propel the undertaking use the assets accommodated find out about the competitor records or the pieces of information for the social event.
Online Bookmakers Strategies – Look at Online Betting
Did you have any idea about that you need to consider numerous perspectives when you need to look at online bookmakers? A portion of those perspectives are client care, reward, betting inclusion, and so forth. There are presently hundreds of online bookies accessible on the net. How long would you say you are really able to spend to analyze every one of them? You most likely do not have any desire to burn through your chance to do the examination, is not that right? You should join to notable bookies, which have burned through millions to promote their site. Yet, a notable sports books is not really a decent one, why? The explanation is just on the grounds that some of them do not convey their commitment like what they have portrayed to their clients.
Some of them neglected to pay their clients. Some of them do not offer a decent client support. The most ridiculously stressing issue is the payout. This is an old issue that happens constantly. It includes a few notable bookies; this is the justification for why you should not believe an online bookmakers prior to doing explore despite the fact that it is a notable sports book. Albeit terrible client care is definitely not an exceptionally huge issue, however there are still bettors who do not bet at specific site, which offers a terrible client care. The explanation is on the grounds that the client support never answers when the bettors have issues connected with anything about betting at the sports books. Stop the bookies and find a better one is a basic arrangement. Having their nerve strained by adhering to the bookmaker is positively an inept choice.
Doing investigate at discussions or free articles would be smart. Advancing all the input from the clients is the most effective way to figure out how great the bookmaker is. If you would rather not try to accomplish such a great deal, Here is a simple way, find an online bookies survey site, in which all the exploration has been finished for you. How to succeed at sports betting? The inquiry that everybody appears to have an assessment on yet few can reply with full confidence. The key to winning reliably, hence permitting you to stash rewards over and over, just lies in 2 principal factors. The main variable is the little matter of discipline. The majority of the tf88 online sports books you are presumably involving present different betting choices for you, most integrate online gambling club include too. While having more assortment can be something to be thankful for, yet taking a gander at it on a more profound level, they are really traps to drain your rewards.
Publicizing the Web Capacities Playing in Online Sports Bet
The universe of a sports betting branch-off is one that is as overflowing with variety and opportunity as that of the business it serves. Online sports betting have become maybe the greatest business Online both to the extent that financial turnover and enlistment. It is notoriety and pervasiveness have inferred that year on year the enlistment numbers extend. It has shaped into an online characteristic, gathering together billions consistently. Anyway, through part programs this overflow can finally be improved to Web clients of all sizes and level. The auxiliary program fills in as an honor structure for site owners, who have promotions from associations, for this present circumstance that of sports betting objections. For the auxiliary this is an astounding opportunity to make their web space into an important gaining plot as opposed to a flat spot. The partner gets all of the banners, message interfaces and, shockingly, at times email records ready for mass sending, for in a do not real sense anything.
In this manner there is no recommended danger or up front capital that means quite a bit to begin an undertaking into the universe of partner advancing. The straightforwardness and effortlessness with which new auxiliaries can secure this stuff is one of the vital defenses for why so many have joined this, and other part promoting programs 亚博 Online. The other clarification that so many have decided to have auxiliary sports betting norms is the direct monetary variable. Most accomplice ventures could offer you somewhat level of an arrangement or two or three bucks up front for passing on a client, but insightfully inspect the sports betting field and the awards are significantly higher. Imagine for example obtaining not just a little rate for a weirdo bet or a few months, yet some place in the scope of 20 and 35% of a player’s entire lifetime on a site. This presents the availability of heaps of money into the circumstance, and also has brought numerous people into becoming real sports betting individuals.
The more totally joined betting clients a branch-off can attract, the more they are committed to gain, consequently the onus is well and truly on partners to get out there and sell their thing. In this way the part is moreover furnishing the sports betting site with hugely critical and potentially compensating clients. The auxiliary is more than fulfilled to get just 25% while the sports betting site is benefitting from the extra 75%, which may be to some degree depleted whatever amount of not great, but not terrible either than nothing. Numerous part programs moreover protect the partners from making an incident, something that even bookmakers are frail to. Thusly the sports betting site has the part of danger on their side, but it is an industry considered out of things like this, so it is hardly astonishing.
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Jim Tracy, postgame quotes
10/10/2004 12:41 AM ET
JIM TRACY: We had Gagné ready, but Lima was going to get the opportunity to finish the game.
Q. Lima had a five pitch inning in the third and a six pitch inning in the fourth. How significant was that for him to go the full nine?
JIM TRACY: I think simply put, that's the reason he was out there in the ninth inning. I've said many times when you have a pitcher that ends up with a 20 , 25 or close to 30 pitch inning, you never get those pitches back. Sooner or later, due to the stress with which you have to use other pitches, and pitching out of jams, you never get an opportunity to get those pitches back.
But when Jose Lima is on his game, which he obviously was tonight, you're going to see innings pitched where the count is very low. And he's had a number of those this year, especially in this ballpark. And when he does that, that's when you, more times than not, see him still standing out there in the seventh and eighth inning.
Q. The game and possibly the series seemed to turn on Finley's splintered bat hit and Green followed with two home runs. Would you comment?
JIM TRACY: I think right now with where the series is at, that's the key to the series. I talked about the first two games of the series and our inability to get a base hit with two outs. Tonight we got one. Then Shawn Green, who had a tremendous offensive game, hits two home runs for us.
You know, it's two to one right now. But I think what I would do in answering your questions, also like you're suggesting, is take you back to the fourth inning, the second game on Thursday night, and had we put a couple of extra at bats together in the fourth inning on Thursday night, would the shoe not be on the other foot as far as two vs. one?
Q. Would you give us your take on the execution of the little things tonight.
JIM TRACY: That's how we win. That's how we've won a lot of games here over the course of four years. You're going to hit some home runs. You're going to drive some balls to the gap, things like that. But when you get involved in situations where you have to execute the little things as you're suggesting, and move runners along, set situations up for the guys that follow in the order, it's what has helped to make us a good ballclub.
You know, tonight is indicative of what our club's all about when we're ahead. We love to do things like that. But, you know, when you're chasing and trying to come from behind, and you are somewhat limited with the number of outs that you have left in the game, it's very difficult to give up outs when you need a few runs to get back in, and yet there really hasn't until tonight been any situations where we could play the type of baseball that makes us very good.
I said it, you know, from a starting pitching standpoint, we get deep enough into the game, and I don't necessarily mean a nine inning complete game shut out, but once Lima got us to the sixth inning and we had a few runs on the board, we're set up pretty good as far as, you know, our bullpen and what we have to offer down there.
Q. Did you think the ball hit Lima on the bunt?
JIM TRACY: I don't think it did. I didn't think it did at all. As a matter of fact, when Mike jumped out there from behind home plate, I thought that he probably, the way he reacted to it, completely realized that it didn't hit him in the foot or any part of his body as he was leaving the box because of the way he reacted to it immediately.
He looked down, from my take from the dugout, waited really because it didn't get out there very far to make sure that the ball was fair. With Brent Mayne running from first base, his intent obviously was as soon as he realized it was fair, to pick it up and try to force the runner at second base.
Q. What makes Shawn Green such a difficult hitter to face and such an effective hitter?
JIM TRACY: The first thing is that he has a very definitive plan each and every time he goes to the plate. He recognizes situations. He knows what he's looking for in given situations. You know, he's a very intelligent hitter. With that being said and the ability that he possesses, obviously he's going to make you throw pitches or try to force you to throw pitches that he's at least going to have real good swings at. You know, he's pretty much done that the entire series thus far.
Q. With the way they hit Odalis Perez in the past, what do you expect them to do differently tomorrow? What kind of leash will he be on?
JIM TRACY: I'm not going to expound on that a whole lot here, I can tell you that. But I think Odalis is very capable of pitching against this club. I think that, you know, without saying a whole lot about it, if you're sitting there watching the performance that Jose Lima gave tonight and the way he went about it, one thing I think is very safe to say is that this obviously is a club that you don't want to be in too many situations where you're pitching from behind.
I think aggression is something that really comes to mind that you have to implement and use both sides of the plate and get them swinging the bat. You have to do that. But you have to make quality pitches. Like I said earlier with Lima, he threw balls tonight when he wanted to throw them to set up another pitch. And if you're going to beat this club, that's the way you have to go about doing it.
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Functional Training incorporates many of the activities we do in everyday life, performed across multiple planes of movement. The commercial functional training machines carried by Fitness Equipment sales embrace that fact and allow strength training to be more applicable to the everyday movements of the human body as well as sports specific training. In addition to building strength, significant improvements in balance and coordination are primary benefits of the unrestricted motion of functional training.
Your body’s core muscles are the foundation for all movement, so core stability training is essential to daily living and injury prevention. Functional Training engages these core muscles, and often more than one joint, all working together and equally. Stabilizers and core muscles are employed to build true overall strength.
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