    def test_equality(self):
        gn = x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("string")
        gn2 = x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("string2")
        gn3 = x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("string")
        assert gn != gn2
        assert gn != object()
        assert gn == gn3

    def test_equality(self):
        gn = x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("string")
        gn2 = x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("string2")
        gn3 = x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("string")
        assert gn != gn2
        assert gn != object()
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

class UniformResourceIdentifier(GeneralName):
    def __init__(self, value: str) -> None:
        if isinstance(value, str):
            try:
                value.encode("ascii")
            except UnicodeEncodeError:
                raise ValueError(
                    "URI values should be passed as an A-label string. "
                    "This means unicode characters should be encoded via "
                    "a library like idna."
                )
        else:
            raise TypeError("value must be string")

        self._value = value

    @property
    def value(self) -> str:
        return self._value

    @classmethod
    def _init_without_validation(cls, value: str) -> UniformResourceIdentifier:
        instance = cls.__new__(cls)
        instance._value = value
        return instance

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"<UniformResourceIdentifier(value={self.value!r})>"

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, UniformResourceIdentifier):
            return NotImplemented

        return self.value == other.value

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash(self.value)


python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
pip install -e ".[test]"
pip install ipdb

    def test_eq(self):
        cdp = x509.CRLDistributionPoints(
            [
                x509.DistributionPoint(
                    [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("ftp://domain")],
                    None,
                    frozenset(
                        [
                            x509.ReasonFlags.key_compromise,
                            x509.ReasonFlags.ca_compromise,
                        ]
                    ),
                    [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("uri://thing")],
                ),
            ]
        )
        cdp2 = x509.CRLDistributionPoints(
            [
                x509.DistributionPoint(
                    [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("ftp://domain")],
                    None,
                    frozenset(
                        [
                            x509.ReasonFlags.key_compromise,
                            x509.ReasonFlags.ca_compromise,
                        ]
                    ),
                    [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("uri://thing")],
                ),
            ]
        )
        assert cdp == cdp2

    def test_eq(self):
        cdp = x509.CRLDistributionPoints(
            [
                x509.DistributionPoint(
                    [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("ftp://domain")],
                    None,
                    frozenset(
                        [
                            x509.ReasonFlags.key_compromise,
                            x509.ReasonFlags.ca_compromise,
                        ]
                    ),
                    [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("uri://thing")],
                ),
            ]
        )
        cdp2 = x509.CRLDistributionPoints(
            [
                x509.DistributionPoint(
                    [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("ftp://domain")],
                    None,
                    frozenset(
                        [
                            x509.ReasonFlags.key_compromise,
                            x509.ReasonFlags.ca_compromise,
                        ]
                    ),
                    [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("uri://thing")],
                ),
            ]
        )
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

class CRLDistributionPoints(ExtensionType):
    oid = ExtensionOID.CRL_DISTRIBUTION_POINTS

    def __init__(
        self, distribution_points: Iterable[DistributionPoint]
    ) -> None:
        distribution_points = list(distribution_points)
        if not all(
            isinstance(x, DistributionPoint) for x in distribution_points
        ):
            raise TypeError(
                "distribution_points must be a list of DistributionPoint "
                "objects"
            )

        self._distribution_points = distribution_points

    __len__, __iter__, __getitem__ = _make_sequence_methods(
        "_distribution_points"
    )

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"<CRLDistributionPoints({self._distribution_points})>"

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, CRLDistributionPoints):
            return NotImplemented

        return self._distribution_points == other._distribution_points

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash(tuple(self._distribution_points))

    def public_bytes(self) -> bytes:
        return rust_x509.encode_extension_value(self)


    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.PrecertPoison()
        assert ext.public_bytes() == b"\x05\x00"

    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.PrecertPoison()
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

    def public_bytes(self) -> bytes:
        return rust_x509.encode_extension_value(self)


    def test_ne(self):
        invalid1 = x509.InvalidityDate(datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 1, 1, 1))
        invalid2 = x509.InvalidityDate(datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 1, 1, 2))
        assert invalid1 != invalid2
        assert invalid1 != object()

    def test_ne(self):
        invalid1 = x509.InvalidityDate(datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 1, 1, 1))
        invalid2 = x509.InvalidityDate(datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 1, 1, 2))
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert invalid1 != object()

class InvalidityDate(ExtensionType):
    oid = CRLEntryExtensionOID.INVALIDITY_DATE

    def __init__(self, invalidity_date: datetime.datetime) -> None:
        if not isinstance(invalidity_date, datetime.datetime):
            raise TypeError("invalidity_date must be a datetime.datetime")

        self._invalidity_date = invalidity_date

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"<InvalidityDate(invalidity_date={self._invalidity_date})>"

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, InvalidityDate):
            return NotImplemented

        return self.invalidity_date == other.invalidity_date

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash(self.invalidity_date)

    @property
    def invalidity_date(self) -> datetime.datetime:
        return self._invalidity_date

    @property
    def invalidity_date_utc(self) -> datetime.datetime:
        if self._invalidity_date.tzinfo is None:
            return self._invalidity_date.replace(tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)
        else:
            return self._invalidity_date.astimezone(tz=datetime.timezone.utc)

    def public_bytes(self) -> bytes:
        return rust_x509.encode_extension_value(self)


    def test_eq(self):
        iap = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        iap2 = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        assert iap == iap2

    def test_eq(self):
        iap = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        iap2 = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

class InhibitAnyPolicy(ExtensionType):
    oid = ExtensionOID.INHIBIT_ANY_POLICY

    def __init__(self, skip_certs: int) -> None:
        if not isinstance(skip_certs, int):
            raise TypeError("skip_certs must be an integer")

        if skip_certs < 0:
            raise ValueError("skip_certs must be a non-negative integer")

        self._skip_certs = skip_certs

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"<InhibitAnyPolicy(skip_certs={self.skip_certs})>"

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, InhibitAnyPolicy):
            return NotImplemented

        return self.skip_certs == other.skip_certs

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash(self.skip_certs)

    @property
    def skip_certs(self) -> int:
        return self._skip_certs

    def public_bytes(self) -> bytes:
        return rust_x509.encode_extension_value(self)


    def test_nocheck(self, backend):
        cert = _load_cert(
            os.path.join("x509", "custom", "ocsp_nocheck.pem"),
            x509.load_pem_x509_certificate,
        )
        ext = cert.extensions.get_extension_for_oid(ExtensionOID.OCSP_NO_CHECK)
        assert isinstance(ext.value, x509.OCSPNoCheck)

    def test_nocheck(self, backend):
        cert = _load_cert(
            os.path.join("x509", "custom", "ocsp_nocheck.pem"),
            x509.load_pem_x509_certificate,
        )
        ext = cert.extensions.get_extension_for_oid(ExtensionOID.OCSP_NO_CHECK)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

    def get_extension_for_oid(
        self, oid: ObjectIdentifier
    ) -> Extension[ExtensionType]:
        for ext in self:
            if ext.oid == oid:
                return ext

        raise ExtensionNotFound(f"No {oid} extension was found", oid)


    def test_gcm_tag_with_only_aad(self, backend):
        key = binascii.unhexlify(b"5211242698bed4774a090620a6ca56f3")
        iv = binascii.unhexlify(b"b1e1349120b6e832ef976f5d")
        aad = binascii.unhexlify(b"b6d729aab8e6416d7002b9faa794c410d8d2f193")
        tag = binascii.unhexlify(b"0f247e7f9c2505de374006738018493b")

        cipher = base.Cipher(
            algorithms.AES(key), modes.GCM(iv), backend=backend
        )
        encryptor = cipher.encryptor()
        encryptor.authenticate_additional_data(aad)
        encryptor.finalize()
        assert encryptor.tag == tag

    def test_gcm_tag_with_only_aad(self, backend):
        key = binascii.unhexlify(b"5211242698bed4774a090620a6ca56f3")
        iv = binascii.unhexlify(b"b1e1349120b6e832ef976f5d")
        aad = binascii.unhexlify(b"b6d729aab8e6416d7002b9faa794c410d8d2f193")
        tag = binascii.unhexlify(b"0f247e7f9c2505de374006738018493b")

        cipher = base.Cipher(
            algorithms.AES(key), modes.GCM(iv), backend=backend
        )
        encryptor = cipher.encryptor()
        encryptor.authenticate_additional_data(aad)
        encryptor.finalize()
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

    @typing.overload
    def encryptor(
        self: Cipher[modes.ModeWithAuthenticationTag],
    ) -> AEADEncryptionContext: ...


    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.SubjectAlternativeName([x509.DNSName("cryptography.io")])
        assert ext.public_bytes() == b"0\x11\x82\x0fcryptography.io"

    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.SubjectAlternativeName([x509.DNSName("cryptography.io")])
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    @pytest.mark.supported(
        only_if=lambda backend: backend.ed448_supported(),
        skip_message="Requires OpenSSL with Ed448 support",
    )
    def test_sign_ed448_key(self, backend):
        private_key = ed448.Ed448PrivateKey.generate()
        invalidity_date = x509.InvalidityDate(
            datetime.datetime(2002, 1, 1, 0, 0)
        )
        ian = x509.IssuerAlternativeName(
            [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("https://cryptography.io")]
        )
        revoked_cert0 = (
            x509.RevokedCertificateBuilder()
            .serial_number(2)
            .revocation_date(datetime.datetime(2012, 1, 1, 1, 1))
            .add_extension(invalidity_date, False)
            .build(backend)
        )
        last_update = datetime.datetime(2002, 1, 1, 12, 1)
        next_update = datetime.datetime(2030, 1, 1, 12, 1)
        builder = (
            x509.CertificateRevocationListBuilder()
            .issuer_name(
                x509.Name(
                    [
                        x509.NameAttribute(
                            NameOID.COMMON_NAME, "cryptography.io CA"
                        )
                    ]
                )
            )
            .last_update(last_update)
            .next_update(next_update)
            .add_revoked_certificate(revoked_cert0)
            .add_extension(ian, False)
        )

        crl = builder.sign(private_key, None, backend)
        assert crl.signature_hash_algorithm is None
        assert crl.signature_algorithm_oid == SignatureAlgorithmOID.ED448
        assert (
            crl.extensions.get_extension_for_class(
                x509.IssuerAlternativeName
            ).value
            == ian
        )
        assert crl[0].serial_number == revoked_cert0.serial_number
        with pytest.warns(utils.DeprecatedIn42):
            assert crl[0].revocation_date == revoked_cert0.revocation_date
        assert crl[0].revocation_date_utc == revoked_cert0.revocation_date_utc
        assert len(crl[0].extensions) == 1
        ext = crl[0].extensions.get_extension_for_class(x509.InvalidityDate)
        assert ext.critical is False
        assert ext.value == invalidity_date

    @pytest.mark.supported(
        only_if=lambda backend: backend.ed448_supported(),
        skip_message="Requires OpenSSL with Ed448 support",
    )
    def test_sign_ed448_key(self, backend):
        private_key = ed448.Ed448PrivateKey.generate()
        invalidity_date = x509.InvalidityDate(
            datetime.datetime(2002, 1, 1, 0, 0)
        )
        ian = x509.IssuerAlternativeName(
            [x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("https://cryptography.io")]
        )
        revoked_cert0 = (
            x509.RevokedCertificateBuilder()
            .serial_number(2)
            .revocation_date(datetime.datetime(2012, 1, 1, 1, 1))
            .add_extension(invalidity_date, False)
            .build(backend)
        )
        last_update = datetime.datetime(2002, 1, 1, 12, 1)
        next_update = datetime.datetime(2030, 1, 1, 12, 1)
        builder = (
            x509.CertificateRevocationListBuilder()
            .issuer_name(
                x509.Name(
                    [
                        x509.NameAttribute(
                            NameOID.COMMON_NAME, "cryptography.io CA"
                        )
                    ]
                )
            )
            .last_update(last_update)
            .next_update(next_update)
            .add_revoked_certificate(revoked_cert0)
            .add_extension(ian, False)
        )

        crl = builder.sign(private_key, None, backend)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert crl.signature_algorithm_oid == SignatureAlgorithmOID.ED448
        assert (
            crl.extensions.get_extension_for_class(
                x509.IssuerAlternativeName
            ).value
            == ian
        )
        assert crl[0].serial_number == revoked_cert0.serial_number
        with pytest.warns(utils.DeprecatedIn42):
            assert crl[0].revocation_date == revoked_cert0.revocation_date
        assert crl[0].revocation_date_utc == revoked_cert0.revocation_date_utc
        assert len(crl[0].extensions) == 1
        ext = crl[0].extensions.get_extension_for_class(x509.InvalidityDate)
        assert ext.critical is False
        assert ext.value == invalidity_date

    def sign(
        self,
        private_key: CertificateIssuerPrivateKeyTypes,
        algorithm: _AllowedHashTypes | None,
        backend: typing.Any = None,
        *,
        rsa_padding: padding.PSS | padding.PKCS1v15 | None = None,
        ecdsa_deterministic: bool | None = None,
    ) -> CertificateRevocationList:
        if self._issuer_name is None:
            raise ValueError("A CRL must have an issuer name")

        if self._last_update is None:
            raise ValueError("A CRL must have a last update time")

        if self._next_update is None:
            raise ValueError("A CRL must have a next update time")

        if rsa_padding is not None:
            if not isinstance(rsa_padding, (padding.PSS, padding.PKCS1v15)):
                raise TypeError("Padding must be PSS or PKCS1v15")
            if not isinstance(private_key, rsa.RSAPrivateKey):
                raise TypeError("Padding is only supported for RSA keys")

        if ecdsa_deterministic is not None:
            if not isinstance(private_key, ec.EllipticCurvePrivateKey):
                raise TypeError(
                    "Deterministic ECDSA is only supported for EC keys"
                )

        return rust_x509.create_x509_crl(
            self,
            private_key,
            algorithm,
            rsa_padding,
            ecdsa_deterministic,
        )


    def test_hash(self):
        rdn1 = x509.RelativeDistinguishedName(
            [
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.1"), "value1"),
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.2"), "value2"),
            ]
        )
        rdn2 = x509.RelativeDistinguishedName(
            [
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.2"), "value2"),
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.1"), "value1"),
            ]
        )
        rdn3 = x509.RelativeDistinguishedName(
            [
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.1"), "value1"),
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.2"), "value3"),
            ]
        )
        assert hash(rdn1) == hash(rdn2)
        assert hash(rdn1) != hash(rdn3)

    def test_hash(self):
        rdn1 = x509.RelativeDistinguishedName(
            [
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.1"), "value1"),
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.2"), "value2"),
            ]
        )
        rdn2 = x509.RelativeDistinguishedName(
            [
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.2"), "value2"),
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.1"), "value1"),
            ]
        )
        rdn3 = x509.RelativeDistinguishedName(
            [
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.1"), "value1"),
                x509.NameAttribute(x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.999.2"), "value3"),
            ]
        )
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert hash(rdn1) != hash(rdn3)

class RelativeDistinguishedName:
    def __init__(self, attributes: Iterable[NameAttribute]):
        attributes = list(attributes)
        if not attributes:
            raise ValueError("a relative distinguished name cannot be empty")
        if not all(isinstance(x, NameAttribute) for x in attributes):
            raise TypeError("attributes must be an iterable of NameAttribute")

        # Keep list and frozenset to preserve attribute order where it matters
        self._attributes = attributes
        self._attribute_set = frozenset(attributes)

        if len(self._attribute_set) != len(attributes):
            raise ValueError("duplicate attributes are not allowed")

    def get_attributes_for_oid(
        self,
        oid: ObjectIdentifier,
    ) -> list[NameAttribute[str | bytes]]:
        return [i for i in self if i.oid == oid]

    def rfc4514_string(
        self, attr_name_overrides: _OidNameMap | None = None
    ) -> str:
        """
        Format as RFC4514 Distinguished Name string.

        Within each RDN, attributes are joined by '+', although that is rarely
        used in certificates.
        """
        return "+".join(
            attr.rfc4514_string(attr_name_overrides)
            for attr in self._attributes
        )

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, RelativeDistinguishedName):
            return NotImplemented

        return self._attribute_set == other._attribute_set

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash(self._attribute_set)

    def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[NameAttribute]:
        return iter(self._attributes)

    def __len__(self) -> int:
        return len(self._attributes)

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"<RelativeDistinguishedName({self.rfc4514_string()})>"


    def test_load_key_and_certificates_key_only(self, backend):
        _, key = _load_ca(backend)
        assert isinstance(key, ec.EllipticCurvePrivateKey)
        parsed_key, parsed_cert, parsed_more_certs = load_vectors_from_file(
            os.path.join("pkcs12", "no-cert-key-aes256cbc.p12"),
            lambda data: load_key_and_certificates(
                data.read(), b"cryptography", backend
            ),
            mode="rb",
        )
        assert isinstance(parsed_key, ec.EllipticCurvePrivateKey)
        assert parsed_key.private_numbers() == key.private_numbers()
        assert parsed_cert is None
        assert parsed_more_certs == []

    def test_load_key_and_certificates_key_only(self, backend):
        _, key = _load_ca(backend)
        assert isinstance(key, ec.EllipticCurvePrivateKey)
        parsed_key, parsed_cert, parsed_more_certs = load_vectors_from_file(
            os.path.join("pkcs12", "no-cert-key-aes256cbc.p12"),
            lambda data: load_key_and_certificates(
                data.read(), b"cryptography", backend
            ),
            mode="rb",
        )
        assert isinstance(parsed_key, ec.EllipticCurvePrivateKey)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert parsed_cert is None
        assert parsed_more_certs == []

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def private_numbers(self) -> EllipticCurvePrivateNumbers:
        """
        Returns an EllipticCurvePrivateNumbers.
        """


    def test_hash(self):
        pi = x509.PolicyInformation(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3"),
            ["string", x509.UserNotice(None, "hi")],
        )
        pi2 = x509.PolicyInformation(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3"),
            ["string", x509.UserNotice(None, "hi")],
        )
        pi3 = x509.PolicyInformation(x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3"), None)
        assert hash(pi) == hash(pi2)
        assert hash(pi) != hash(pi3)

    def test_hash(self):
        pi = x509.PolicyInformation(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3"),
            ["string", x509.UserNotice(None, "hi")],
        )
        pi2 = x509.PolicyInformation(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3"),
            ["string", x509.UserNotice(None, "hi")],
        )
        pi3 = x509.PolicyInformation(x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3"), None)
        assert hash(pi) == hash(pi2)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

class PolicyInformation:
    def __init__(
        self,
        policy_identifier: ObjectIdentifier,
        policy_qualifiers: Iterable[str | UserNotice] | None,
    ) -> None:
        if not isinstance(policy_identifier, ObjectIdentifier):
            raise TypeError("policy_identifier must be an ObjectIdentifier")

        self._policy_identifier = policy_identifier

        if policy_qualifiers is not None:
            policy_qualifiers = list(policy_qualifiers)
            if not all(
                isinstance(x, (str, UserNotice)) for x in policy_qualifiers
            ):
                raise TypeError(
                    "policy_qualifiers must be a list of strings and/or "
                    "UserNotice objects or None"
                )

        self._policy_qualifiers = policy_qualifiers

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return (
            f"<PolicyInformation(policy_identifier={self.policy_identifier}, "
            f"policy_qualifiers={self.policy_qualifiers})>"
        )

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, PolicyInformation):
            return NotImplemented

        return (
            self.policy_identifier == other.policy_identifier
            and self.policy_qualifiers == other.policy_qualifiers
        )

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        if self.policy_qualifiers is not None:
            pq = tuple(self.policy_qualifiers)
        else:
            pq = None

        return hash((self.policy_identifier, pq))

    @property
    def policy_identifier(self) -> ObjectIdentifier:
        return self._policy_identifier

    @property
    def policy_qualifiers(
        self,
    ) -> list[str | UserNotice] | None:
        return self._policy_qualifiers


    def test_repr(self):
        pcp = x509.PrecertPoison()

        assert repr(pcp) == "<PrecertPoison()>"

    def test_repr(self):
        pcp = x509.PrecertPoison()

        <AssertPlaceHolder>

class PrecertPoison(ExtensionType):
    oid = ExtensionOID.PRECERT_POISON

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, PrecertPoison):
            return NotImplemented

        return True

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash(PrecertPoison)

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return "<PrecertPoison()>"

    def public_bytes(self) -> bytes:
        return rust_x509.encode_extension_value(self)


    def test_hash(self):
        reason1 = x509.CRLReason(x509.ReasonFlags.unspecified)
        reason2 = x509.CRLReason(x509.ReasonFlags.unspecified)
        reason3 = x509.CRLReason(x509.ReasonFlags.ca_compromise)

        assert hash(reason1) == hash(reason2)
        assert hash(reason1) != hash(reason3)

    def test_hash(self):
        reason1 = x509.CRLReason(x509.ReasonFlags.unspecified)
        reason2 = x509.CRLReason(x509.ReasonFlags.unspecified)
        reason3 = x509.CRLReason(x509.ReasonFlags.ca_compromise)

        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert hash(reason1) != hash(reason3)

class CRLReason(ExtensionType):
    oid = CRLEntryExtensionOID.CRL_REASON

    def __init__(self, reason: ReasonFlags) -> None:
        if not isinstance(reason, ReasonFlags):
            raise TypeError("reason must be an element from ReasonFlags")

        self._reason = reason

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"<CRLReason(reason={self._reason})>"

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, CRLReason):
            return NotImplemented

        return self.reason == other.reason

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash(self.reason)

    @property
    def reason(self) -> ReasonFlags:
        return self._reason

    def public_bytes(self) -> bytes:
        return rust_x509.encode_extension_value(self)


    def test_valid_pss_parameters_maximum(self):
        algorithm = hashes.SHA256()
        mgf = padding.MGF1(algorithm)
        pss = padding.PSS(mgf=mgf, salt_length=padding.PSS.MAX_LENGTH)
        assert pss._mgf == mgf
        assert pss._salt_length == padding.PSS.MAX_LENGTH

    def test_valid_pss_parameters_maximum(self):
        algorithm = hashes.SHA256()
        mgf = padding.MGF1(algorithm)
        pss = padding.PSS(mgf=mgf, salt_length=padding.PSS.MAX_LENGTH)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert pss._salt_length == padding.PSS.MAX_LENGTH

class PSS(AsymmetricPadding):
    MAX_LENGTH = _MaxLength()
    AUTO = _Auto()
    DIGEST_LENGTH = _DigestLength()
    name = "EMSA-PSS"
    _salt_length: int | _MaxLength | _Auto | _DigestLength

    def __init__(
        self,
        mgf: MGF,
        salt_length: int | _MaxLength | _Auto | _DigestLength,
    ) -> None:
        self._mgf = mgf

        if not isinstance(
            salt_length, (int, _MaxLength, _Auto, _DigestLength)
        ):
            raise TypeError(
                "salt_length must be an integer, MAX_LENGTH, "
                "DIGEST_LENGTH, or AUTO"
            )

        if isinstance(salt_length, int) and salt_length < 0:
            raise ValueError("salt_length must be zero or greater.")

        self._salt_length = salt_length

    @property
    def mgf(self) -> MGF:
        return self._mgf


    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.PolicyConstraints(2, 1)
        assert ext.public_bytes() == b"0\x06\x80\x01\x02\x81\x01\x01"

    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.PolicyConstraints(2, 1)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


@pytest.mark.supported(
    only_if=lambda backend: backend.ed448_supported(),
    skip_message="Requires OpenSSL with Ed448 support",
)
def test_public_key_equality(backend):
    key_bytes = load_vectors_from_file(
        os.path.join("asymmetric", "Ed448", "ed448-pkcs8.der"),
        lambda derfile: derfile.read(),
        mode="rb",
    )
    key1 = serialization.load_der_private_key(key_bytes, None).public_key()
    key2 = serialization.load_der_private_key(key_bytes, None).public_key()
    key3 = Ed448PrivateKey.generate().public_key()
    assert key1 == key2
    assert key1 != key3
    assert key1 != object()

    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
        key1 < key2  # type: ignore[operator]

@pytest.mark.supported(
    only_if=lambda backend: backend.ed448_supported(),
    skip_message="Requires OpenSSL with Ed448 support",
)
def test_public_key_equality(backend):
    key_bytes = load_vectors_from_file(
        os.path.join("asymmetric", "Ed448", "ed448-pkcs8.der"),
        lambda derfile: derfile.read(),
        mode="rb",
    )
    key1 = serialization.load_der_private_key(key_bytes, None).public_key()
    key2 = serialization.load_der_private_key(key_bytes, None).public_key()
    key3 = Ed448PrivateKey.generate().public_key()
    assert key1 == key2
    <AssertPlaceHolder>
    assert key1 != object()

    with pytest.raises(TypeError):
        key1 < key2  # type: ignore[operator]

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def public_key(self) -> Ed448PublicKey:
        """
        The Ed448PublicKey derived from the private key.
        """


    def test_exchange(self, backend):
        parameters = FFDH3072_P.parameters(backend)
        assert isinstance(parameters, dh.DHParameters)

        key1 = parameters.generate_private_key()
        key2 = parameters.generate_private_key()

        symkey1 = key1.exchange(key2.public_key())
        assert symkey1
        assert len(symkey1) == 3072 // 8

        symkey2 = key2.exchange(key1.public_key())
        assert symkey1 == symkey2

    def test_exchange(self, backend):
        parameters = FFDH3072_P.parameters(backend)
        assert isinstance(parameters, dh.DHParameters)

        key1 = parameters.generate_private_key()
        key2 = parameters.generate_private_key()

        symkey1 = key1.exchange(key2.public_key())
        assert symkey1
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

        symkey2 = key2.exchange(key1.public_key())
        assert symkey1 == symkey2

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def exchange(self, peer_public_key: DHPublicKey) -> bytes:
        """
        Given peer's DHPublicKey, carry out the key exchange and
        return shared key as bytes.
        """


    def test_hash(self):
        iap = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        iap2 = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        iap3 = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(4)
        assert hash(iap) == hash(iap2)
        assert hash(iap) != hash(iap3)

    def test_hash(self):
        iap = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        iap2 = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        iap3 = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(4)
        assert hash(iap) == hash(iap2)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    def test_unaligned_block_encryption(self, backend):
        cipher = Cipher(
            algorithms.AES(binascii.unhexlify(b"0" * 32)), modes.ECB(), backend
        )
        encryptor = cipher.encryptor()
        ct = encryptor.update(b"a" * 15)
        assert ct == b""
        ct += encryptor.update(b"a" * 65)
        assert len(ct) == 80
        ct += encryptor.finalize()
        decryptor = cipher.decryptor()
        pt = decryptor.update(ct[:3])
        assert pt == b""
        pt += decryptor.update(ct[3:])
        assert len(pt) == 80
        assert pt == b"a" * 80
        decryptor.finalize()

    def test_unaligned_block_encryption(self, backend):
        cipher = Cipher(
            algorithms.AES(binascii.unhexlify(b"0" * 32)), modes.ECB(), backend
        )
        encryptor = cipher.encryptor()
        ct = encryptor.update(b"a" * 15)
        assert ct == b""
        ct += encryptor.update(b"a" * 65)
        assert len(ct) == 80
        ct += encryptor.finalize()
        decryptor = cipher.decryptor()
        pt = decryptor.update(ct[:3])
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        pt += decryptor.update(ct[3:])
        assert len(pt) == 80
        assert pt == b"a" * 80
        decryptor.finalize()

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def update(self, data: Buffer) -> bytes:
        """
        Processes the provided bytes through the cipher and returns the results
        as bytes.
        """


    def test_key_cert_sign_crl_sign(self, backend):
        cert = _load_cert(
            os.path.join(
                "x509", "PKITS_data", "certs", "pathLenConstraint6CACert.crt"
            ),
            x509.load_der_x509_certificate,
        )
        ext = cert.extensions.get_extension_for_class(x509.KeyUsage)
        assert ext is not None
        assert ext.critical is True

        ku = ext.value
        assert ku.digital_signature is False
        assert ku.content_commitment is False
        assert ku.key_encipherment is False
        assert ku.data_encipherment is False
        assert ku.key_agreement is False
        assert ku.key_cert_sign is True
        assert ku.crl_sign is True

    def test_key_cert_sign_crl_sign(self, backend):
        cert = _load_cert(
            os.path.join(
                "x509", "PKITS_data", "certs", "pathLenConstraint6CACert.crt"
            ),
            x509.load_der_x509_certificate,
        )
        ext = cert.extensions.get_extension_for_class(x509.KeyUsage)
        assert ext is not None
        assert ext.critical is True

        ku = ext.value
        assert ku.digital_signature is False
        assert ku.content_commitment is False
        assert ku.key_encipherment is False
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert ku.key_agreement is False
        assert ku.key_cert_sign is True
        assert ku.crl_sign is True

    def get_extension_for_class(
        self, extclass: type[ExtensionTypeVar]
    ) -> Extension[ExtensionTypeVar]:
        if extclass is UnrecognizedExtension:
            raise TypeError(
                "UnrecognizedExtension can't be used with "
                "get_extension_for_class because more than one instance of the"
                " class may be present."
            )

        for ext in self:
            if isinstance(ext.value, extclass):
                return ext

        raise ExtensionNotFound(
            f"No {extclass} extension was found", extclass.oid
        )


    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext1 = x509.UnrecognizedExtension(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3.5"), b"\x03\x02\x01"
        )
        assert ext1.public_bytes() == b"\x03\x02\x01"

        # The following creates a BasicConstraints extension with an invalid
        # value. The serialization code should still handle it correctly by
        # special-casing UnrecognizedExtension.
        ext2 = x509.UnrecognizedExtension(
            x509.oid.ExtensionOID.BASIC_CONSTRAINTS, b"\x03\x02\x01"
        )
        assert ext2.public_bytes() == b"\x03\x02\x01"

    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext1 = x509.UnrecognizedExtension(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3.5"), b"\x03\x02\x01"
        )
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

        # The following creates a BasicConstraints extension with an invalid
        # value. The serialization code should still handle it correctly by
        # special-casing UnrecognizedExtension.
        ext2 = x509.UnrecognizedExtension(
            x509.oid.ExtensionOID.BASIC_CONSTRAINTS, b"\x03\x02\x01"
        )
        assert ext2.public_bytes() == b"\x03\x02\x01"

    def public_bytes(self) -> bytes:
        return self.value


    def test_eq(self):
        ext1 = x509.Extension(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3.4"),
            False,
            x509.BasicConstraints(ca=False, path_length=None),
        )
        ext2 = x509.Extension(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3.4"),
            False,
            x509.BasicConstraints(ca=False, path_length=None),
        )
        assert ext1 == ext2

    def test_eq(self):
        ext1 = x509.Extension(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3.4"),
            False,
            x509.BasicConstraints(ca=False, path_length=None),
        )
        ext2 = x509.Extension(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.2.3.4"),
            False,
            x509.BasicConstraints(ca=False, path_length=None),
        )
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

class Extension(typing.Generic[ExtensionTypeVar]):
    def __init__(
        self, oid: ObjectIdentifier, critical: bool, value: ExtensionTypeVar
    ) -> None:
        if not isinstance(oid, ObjectIdentifier):
            raise TypeError(
                "oid argument must be an ObjectIdentifier instance."
            )

        if not isinstance(critical, bool):
            raise TypeError("critical must be a boolean value")

        self._oid = oid
        self._critical = critical
        self._value = value

    @property
    def oid(self) -> ObjectIdentifier:
        return self._oid

    @property
    def critical(self) -> bool:
        return self._critical

    @property
    def value(self) -> ExtensionTypeVar:
        return self._value

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return (
            f"<Extension(oid={self.oid}, critical={self.critical}, "
            f"value={self.value})>"
        )

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, Extension):
            return NotImplemented

        return (
            self.oid == other.oid
            and self.critical == other.critical
            and self.value == other.value
        )

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash((self.oid, self.critical, self.value))


    def test_buffer_protocol(self, backend):
        key = bytearray(b"a long key with lots of entropy goes here")
        hotp = HOTP(key, 6, SHA1(), backend)
        assert hotp.generate(10) == b"559978"

    def test_buffer_protocol(self, backend):
        key = bytearray(b"a long key with lots of entropy goes here")
        hotp = HOTP(key, 6, SHA1(), backend)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

    def generate(self, counter: int) -> bytes:
        if not isinstance(counter, int):
            raise TypeError("Counter parameter must be an integer type.")

        truncated_value = self._dynamic_truncate(counter)
        hotp = truncated_value % (10**self._length)
        return "{0:0{1}}".format(hotp, self._length).encode()


    def test_eq(self):
        gn = x509.RegisteredID(NameOID.COMMON_NAME)
        gn2 = x509.RegisteredID(NameOID.COMMON_NAME)
        assert gn == gn2

    def test_eq(self):
        gn = x509.RegisteredID(NameOID.COMMON_NAME)
        gn2 = x509.RegisteredID(NameOID.COMMON_NAME)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

class RegisteredID(GeneralName):
    def __init__(self, value: ObjectIdentifier) -> None:
        if not isinstance(value, ObjectIdentifier):
            raise TypeError("value must be an ObjectIdentifier")

        self._value = value

    @property
    def value(self) -> ObjectIdentifier:
        return self._value

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return f"<RegisteredID(value={self.value})>"

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, RegisteredID):
            return NotImplemented

        return self.value == other.value

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash(self.value)


    def test_ne(self):
        ad = x509.AccessDescription(
            AuthorityInformationAccessOID.OCSP,
            x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("http://ocsp.domain.com"),
        )
        ad2 = x509.AccessDescription(
            AuthorityInformationAccessOID.CA_ISSUERS,
            x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("http://ocsp.domain.com"),
        )
        ad3 = x509.AccessDescription(
            AuthorityInformationAccessOID.OCSP,
            x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("http://notthesame"),
        )
        assert ad != ad2
        assert ad != ad3
        assert ad != object()

    def test_ne(self):
        ad = x509.AccessDescription(
            AuthorityInformationAccessOID.OCSP,
            x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("http://ocsp.domain.com"),
        )
        ad2 = x509.AccessDescription(
            AuthorityInformationAccessOID.CA_ISSUERS,
            x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("http://ocsp.domain.com"),
        )
        ad3 = x509.AccessDescription(
            AuthorityInformationAccessOID.OCSP,
            x509.UniformResourceIdentifier("http://notthesame"),
        )
        assert ad != ad2
        assert ad != ad3
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

class AccessDescription:
    def __init__(
        self, access_method: ObjectIdentifier, access_location: GeneralName
    ) -> None:
        if not isinstance(access_method, ObjectIdentifier):
            raise TypeError("access_method must be an ObjectIdentifier")

        if not isinstance(access_location, GeneralName):
            raise TypeError("access_location must be a GeneralName")

        self._access_method = access_method
        self._access_location = access_location

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        return (
            f"<AccessDescription(access_method={self.access_method}, "
            f"access_location={self.access_location})>"
        )

    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool:
        if not isinstance(other, AccessDescription):
            return NotImplemented

        return (
            self.access_method == other.access_method
            and self.access_location == other.access_location
        )

    def __hash__(self) -> int:
        return hash((self.access_method, self.access_location))

    @property
    def access_method(self) -> ObjectIdentifier:
        return self._access_method

    @property
    def access_location(self) -> GeneralName:
        return self._access_location


    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.InvalidityDate(datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 1, 1, 1))
        assert ext.public_bytes() == b"\x18\x0f20150101010100Z"

    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.InvalidityDate(datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 1, 1, 1))
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

    def public_bytes(self) -> bytes:
        return rust_x509.encode_extension_value(self)


    def test_distinguished_name(self):
        # Escaping
        na = x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.COMMON_NAME, 'James "Jim" Smith, III')
        assert na.rfc4514_string() == r"CN=James \"Jim\" Smith\, III"
        na = x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.USER_ID, "# escape+,;\0this ")
        assert na.rfc4514_string() == r"UID=\# escape\+\,\;\00this\ "

        # Nonstandard attribute OID
        na = x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.BUSINESS_CATEGORY, "banking")
        assert na.rfc4514_string() == "2.5.4.15=banking"

        # non-utf8 attribute (bitstring with raw bytes)
        na_bytes = x509.NameAttribute(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.5.4.45"),
            b"\x01\x02\x03\x04",
            _ASN1Type.BitString,
        )
        assert na_bytes.rfc4514_string() == "2.5.4.45=#01020304"

    def test_distinguished_name(self):
        # Escaping
        na = x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.COMMON_NAME, 'James "Jim" Smith, III')
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        na = x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.USER_ID, "# escape+,;\0this ")
        assert na.rfc4514_string() == r"UID=\# escape\+\,\;\00this\ "

        # Nonstandard attribute OID
        na = x509.NameAttribute(NameOID.BUSINESS_CATEGORY, "banking")
        assert na.rfc4514_string() == "2.5.4.15=banking"

        # non-utf8 attribute (bitstring with raw bytes)
        na_bytes = x509.NameAttribute(
            x509.ObjectIdentifier("2.5.4.45"),
            b"\x01\x02\x03\x04",
            _ASN1Type.BitString,
        )
        assert na_bytes.rfc4514_string() == "2.5.4.45=#01020304"

    def rfc4514_string(
        self, attr_name_overrides: _OidNameMap | None = None
    ) -> str:
        """
        Format as RFC4514 Distinguished Name string.

        Use short attribute name if available, otherwise fall back to OID
        dotted string.
        """
        attr_name = (
            attr_name_overrides.get(self.oid) if attr_name_overrides else None
        )
        if attr_name is None:
            attr_name = self.rfc4514_attribute_name

        return f"{attr_name}={_escape_dn_value(self.value)}"


    def test_public_key_equality(self, backend):
        _skip_curve_unsupported(backend, ec.SECP256R1())
        key_bytes = load_vectors_from_file(
            os.path.join("asymmetric", "PKCS8", "ec_private_key.pem"),
            lambda pemfile: pemfile.read().encode(),
        )
        key1 = serialization.load_pem_private_key(key_bytes, None).public_key()
        key2 = serialization.load_pem_private_key(key_bytes, None).public_key()
        key3 = ec.generate_private_key(ec.SECP256R1()).public_key()
        assert key1 == key2
        assert key1 != key3
        assert key1 != object()
        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
            key1 < key2  # type: ignore[operator]

    def test_public_key_equality(self, backend):
        _skip_curve_unsupported(backend, ec.SECP256R1())
        key_bytes = load_vectors_from_file(
            os.path.join("asymmetric", "PKCS8", "ec_private_key.pem"),
            lambda pemfile: pemfile.read().encode(),
        )
        key1 = serialization.load_pem_private_key(key_bytes, None).public_key()
        key2 = serialization.load_pem_private_key(key_bytes, None).public_key()
        key3 = ec.generate_private_key(ec.SECP256R1()).public_key()
        assert key1 == key2
        assert key1 != key3
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        with pytest.raises(TypeError):
            key1 < key2  # type: ignore[operator]

    @abc.abstractmethod
    def public_key(self) -> EllipticCurvePublicKey:
        """
        The EllipticCurvePublicKey for this private key.
        """


    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        assert ext.public_bytes() == b"\x02\x01\x01"

    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.InhibitAnyPolicy(1)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.ExtendedKeyUsage(
            [x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.3.6"), x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.3.7")]
        )
        assert ext.public_bytes() == b"0\x08\x06\x02+\x06\x06\x02+\x07"

    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.ExtendedKeyUsage(
            [x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.3.6"), x509.ObjectIdentifier("1.3.7")]
        )
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    def test_generate(self, rsa_key_2048: rsa.RSAPrivateKey, backend):
        private_key = rsa_key_2048
        cert = (
            _make_certbuilder(private_key)
            .add_extension(x509.PrecertPoison(), critical=True)
            .sign(private_key, hashes.SHA256(), backend)
        )
        poison = cert.extensions.get_extension_for_oid(
            ExtensionOID.PRECERT_POISON
        ).value
        assert isinstance(poison, x509.PrecertPoison)

    def test_generate(self, rsa_key_2048: rsa.RSAPrivateKey, backend):
        private_key = rsa_key_2048
        cert = (
            _make_certbuilder(private_key)
            .add_extension(x509.PrecertPoison(), critical=True)
            .sign(private_key, hashes.SHA256(), backend)
        )
        poison = cert.extensions.get_extension_for_oid(
            ExtensionOID.PRECERT_POISON
        ).value
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

    def get_extension_for_oid(
        self, oid: ObjectIdentifier
    ) -> Extension[ExtensionType]:
        for ext in self:
            if ext.oid == oid:
                return ext

        raise ExtensionNotFound(f"No {oid} extension was found", oid)


    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.OCSPNoCheck()
        assert ext.public_bytes() == b"\x05\x00"

    def test_public_bytes(self):
        ext = x509.OCSPNoCheck()
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
pip install -e .
pip install pytest pytest-asyncio hypothesis
pip install ipdb

    def test_unsafe_value(self):
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv("=OPEN()") == "'=OPEN()"
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv("=1+2") == "'=1+2"
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv('=1+2";=1+2') == "'=1+2\";=1+2"

    def test_unsafe_value(self):
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv("=OPEN()") == "'=OPEN()"
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv('=1+2";=1+2') == "'=1+2\";=1+2"

def sanitize_value_for_csv(value: str | float) -> str | float:
    """
    Sanitizes a value that is being written to a CSV file to prevent CSV injection attacks.
    Reference: https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/CSV_Injection
    """
    if isinstance(value, (float, int)):
        return value
    unsafe_prefixes = ["=", "+", "-", "@", "\t", "\n"]
    unsafe_sequences = [",=", ",+", ",-", ",@", ",\t", ",\n"]
    if any(value.startswith(prefix) for prefix in unsafe_prefixes) or any(
        sequence in value for sequence in unsafe_sequences
    ):
        value = f"'{value}"
    return value


    def test_safe_deepcopy_custom_object(self):
        class CustomClass:
            def __init__(self, value):
                self.value = value

        original = CustomClass(10)
        copied = safe_deepcopy(original)

        assert copied.value == original.value
        assert copied is not original

    def test_safe_deepcopy_custom_object(self):
        class CustomClass:
            def __init__(self, value):
                self.value = value

        original = CustomClass(10)
        copied = safe_deepcopy(original)

        assert copied.value == original.value
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def safe_deepcopy(obj: Any) -> Any:
    try:
        return copy.deepcopy(obj)
    except Exception:
        if isinstance(obj, dict):
            return {
                safe_deepcopy(key): safe_deepcopy(value) for key, value in obj.items()
            }
        elif isinstance(obj, list):
            return [safe_deepcopy(item) for item in obj]
        elif isinstance(obj, tuple):
            return tuple(safe_deepcopy(item) for item in obj)
        elif isinstance(obj, set):
            return {safe_deepcopy(item) for item in obj}
        else:
            return copy.copy(obj)


    def test_no_suffix(self):
        name = "test"
        list_of_names = ["test_1", "test_2"]
        assert append_unique_suffix(name, list_of_names) == name

    def test_no_suffix(self):
        name = "test"
        list_of_names = ["test_1", "test_2"]
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def append_unique_suffix(name: str, list_of_names: list[str]):
    """Appends a numerical suffix to `name` so that it does not appear in `list_of_names`."""
    set_of_names: set[str] = set(list_of_names)  # for O(1) lookup
    if name not in set_of_names:
        return name
    else:
        suffix_counter = 1
        new_name = f"{name}_{suffix_counter}"
        while new_name in set_of_names:
            suffix_counter += 1
            new_name = f"{name}_{suffix_counter}"
        return new_name


def test_resolve_schema_ref_direct():
    schema = {"type": "string"}
    spec = {}
    assert resolve_schema_ref(schema, spec) == schema

def test_resolve_schema_ref_direct():
    schema = {"type": "string"}
    spec = {}
    <AssertPlaceHolder>

def resolve_schema_ref(schema: dict, spec: dict) -> dict:
    """Resolve schema references in OpenAPI spec."""
    if "$ref" in schema:
        ref_path = schema["$ref"]
        if ref_path.startswith("#/components/schemas/"):
            schema_name = ref_path.split("/")[-1]
            return spec.get("components", {}).get("schemas", {}).get(schema_name, {})
        elif ref_path.startswith("#/"):
            path_parts = ref_path.split("/")[1:]
            current = spec
            for part in path_parts:
                current = current.get(part, {})
            return current
    return schema


    def test_safe_deepcopy_handles_undeepcopyable(self):
        class Uncopyable:
            def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
                raise TypeError("Can't deepcopy")

        original = Uncopyable()
        result = safe_deepcopy(original)
        assert result is not original
        assert type(result) is type(original)

    def test_safe_deepcopy_handles_undeepcopyable(self):
        class Uncopyable:
            def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
                raise TypeError("Can't deepcopy")

        original = Uncopyable()
        result = safe_deepcopy(original)
        assert result is not original
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    def test_safe_deepcopy_list(self):
        original = [1, 2, [3, 4, {"key": "value"}]]
        copied = safe_deepcopy(original)

        assert copied == original
        assert copied is not original
        assert copied[2] is not original[2]
        assert copied[2][2] is not original[2][2]

    def test_safe_deepcopy_list(self):
        original = [1, 2, [3, 4, {"key": "value"}]]
        copied = safe_deepcopy(original)

        assert copied == original
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert copied[2] is not original[2]
        assert copied[2][2] is not original[2][2]


    @patch("IPython.get_ipython")
    def test_colab_check_no_ipython(self, mock_get_ipython):
        mock_get_ipython.return_value = None
        assert colab_check() is False

    @patch("IPython.get_ipython")
    def test_colab_check_no_ipython(self, mock_get_ipython):
        mock_get_ipython.return_value = None
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def colab_check() -> bool:
    """
    Check if interface is launching from Google Colab
    :return is_colab (bool): True or False
    """
    is_colab = False
    try:  # Check if running interactively using ipython.
        from IPython.core.getipython import get_ipython

        from_ipynb = get_ipython()
        if "google.colab" in str(from_ipynb):
            is_colab = True
    except (ImportError, NameError):
        pass
    return is_colab


    def test_len(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        assert len(d) == 0
        d["a"] = 1
        d["b"] = 2
        assert len(d) == 2

    def test_len(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        d["a"] = 1
        d["b"] = 2
        assert len(d) == 2

class UnhashableKeyDict(MutableMapping):
    """
    Essentially a list of key-value tuples that allows for keys that are not hashable,
    but acts like a dictionary for convenience.
    """

    def __init__(self):
        self.data = []

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        for k, v in self.data:
            if deep_equal(k, key):
                return v
        raise KeyError(key)

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        for i, (k, _) in enumerate(self.data):
            if deep_equal(k, key):
                self.data[i] = (key, value)
                return
        self.data.append((key, value))

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        for i, (k, _) in enumerate(self.data):
            if deep_equal(k, key):
                del self.data[i]
                return
        raise KeyError(key)

    def __iter__(self):
        return (k for k, _ in self.data)

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.data)

    def as_list(self):
        return [v for _, v in self.data]


    def test_safe_deepcopy_dict(self):
        original = {"key1": [1, 2, {"nested_key": "value"}], "key2": "simple_string"}
        copied = safe_deepcopy(original)

        assert copied == original
        assert copied is not original
        assert copied["key1"] is not original["key1"]
        assert copied["key1"][2] is not original["key1"][2]

    def test_safe_deepcopy_dict(self):
        original = {"key1": [1, 2, {"nested_key": "value"}], "key2": "simple_string"}
        copied = safe_deepcopy(original)

        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert copied is not original
        assert copied["key1"] is not original["key1"]
        assert copied["key1"][2] is not original["key1"][2]


    def test_format_ner_list_standard(self):
        string = "Wolfgang lives in Berlin"
        groups = [
            {"entity_group": "PER", "start": 0, "end": 8},
            {"entity_group": "LOC", "start": 18, "end": 24},
        ]
        result = [
            ("", None),
            ("Wolfgang", "PER"),
            (" lives in ", None),
            ("Berlin", "LOC"),
            ("", None),
        ]
        assert format_ner_list(string, groups) == result

    def test_format_ner_list_standard(self):
        string = "Wolfgang lives in Berlin"
        groups = [
            {"entity_group": "PER", "start": 0, "end": 8},
            {"entity_group": "LOC", "start": 18, "end": 24},
        ]
        result = [
            ("", None),
            ("Wolfgang", "PER"),
            (" lives in ", None),
            ("Berlin", "LOC"),
            ("", None),
        ]
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def format_ner_list(input_string: str, ner_groups: list[dict[str, str | int]]):
    if len(ner_groups) == 0:
        return [(input_string, None)]

    output = []
    end = 0
    prev_end = 0

    for group in ner_groups:
        entity, start, end = group["entity_group"], group["start"], group["end"]
        output.append((input_string[prev_end:start], None))
        output.append((input_string[start:end], entity))
        prev_end = end

    output.append((input_string[end:], None))
    return output


    def test_set_get_simple(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        d["a"] = 1
        assert d["a"] == 1

    def test_set_get_simple(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        d["a"] = 1
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


def test_get_tabular_examples_replaces_nan_with_str_nan():
    readme = """
        ---
        tags:
        - sklearn
        - skops
        - tabular-classification
        widget:
          structuredData:
            attribute_0:
            - material_7
            - material_7
            - material_7
            measurement_2:
            - 14.206
            - 15.094
            - .nan
        ---
    """
    mock_response = MagicMock()
    mock_response.status_code = 200
    mock_response.text = textwrap.dedent(readme)

    with patch("gradio.external.httpx.get", return_value=mock_response):
        examples = get_tabular_examples("foo-model")
        assert examples["measurement_2"] == [14.206, 15.094, "NaN"]

def test_get_tabular_examples_replaces_nan_with_str_nan():
    readme = """
        ---
        tags:
        - sklearn
        - skops
        - tabular-classification
        widget:
          structuredData:
            attribute_0:
            - material_7
            - material_7
            - material_7
            measurement_2:
            - 14.206
            - 15.094
            - .nan
        ---
    """
    mock_response = MagicMock()
    mock_response.status_code = 200
    mock_response.text = textwrap.dedent(readme)

    with patch("gradio.external.httpx.get", return_value=mock_response):
        examples = get_tabular_examples("foo-model")
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

##################
# Helper functions for processing tabular data
##################

def get_tabular_examples(model_name: str) -> dict[str, list[float]]:
    readme = httpx.get(f"https://huggingface.co/{model_name}/resolve/main/README.md")
    if readme.status_code != 200:
        warnings.warn(f"Cannot load examples from README for {model_name}", UserWarning)
        example_data = {}
    else:
        yaml_regex = re.search(
            "(?:^|[\r\n])---[\n\r]+([\\S\\s]*?)[\n\r]+---([\n\r]|$)", readme.text
        )
        if yaml_regex is None:
            example_data = {}
        else:
            example_yaml = next(
                yaml.safe_load_all(readme.text[: yaml_regex.span()[-1]])
            )
            example_data = example_yaml.get("widget", {}).get("structuredData", {})
    if not example_data:
        raise ValueError(
            f"No example data found in README.md of {model_name} - Cannot build gradio demo. "
            "See the README.md here: https://huggingface.co/scikit-learn/tabular-playground/blob/main/README.md "
            "for a reference on how to provide example data to your model."
        )
    # replace nan with string NaN for inference Endpoints
    for data in example_data.values():
        for i, val in enumerate(data):
            if isinstance(val, float) and math.isnan(val):
                data[i] = "NaN"
    return example_data


    def test_list(self):
        assert sanitize_list_for_csv([4, "def=", "=gh+ij"]) == [4, "def=", "'=gh+ij"]
        assert sanitize_list_for_csv(
            [["=abc", "def", "gh,+ij"], ["abc", "=def", "+ghij"]]
        ) == [["'=abc", "def", "'gh,+ij"], ["abc", "'=def", "'+ghij"]]
        assert sanitize_list_for_csv([1, ["ab", "=de"]]) == [1, ["ab", "'=de"]]

    def test_list(self):
        assert sanitize_list_for_csv([4, "def=", "=gh+ij"]) == [4, "def=", "'=gh+ij"]
        assert sanitize_list_for_csv(
            [["=abc", "def", "gh,+ij"], ["abc", "=def", "+ghij"]]
        ) == [["'=abc", "def", "'gh,+ij"], ["abc", "'=def", "'+ghij"]]
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def sanitize_list_for_csv(values: list[Any]) -> list[Any]:
    """
    Sanitizes a list of values (or a list of list of values) that is being written to a
    CSV file to prevent CSV injection attacks.
    """
    sanitized_values = []
    for value in values:
        if isinstance(value, list):
            sanitized_value = [sanitize_value_for_csv(v) for v in value]
            sanitized_values.append(sanitized_value)
        else:
            sanitized_value = sanitize_value_for_csv(value)
            sanitized_values.append(sanitized_value)
    return sanitized_values


    def test_convert_to_16_bit_wav(self):
        # Generate a random audio sample and set the amplitude
        audio = np.random.randint(-100, 100, size=(100), dtype="int16")
        audio[0] = -32767
        audio[1] = 32766

        audio_ = audio.astype("float64")
        audio_ = processing_utils.convert_to_16_bit_wav(audio_)
        assert np.allclose(audio, audio_)
        assert audio_.dtype == "int16"

        audio_ = audio.astype("float32")
        audio_ = processing_utils.convert_to_16_bit_wav(audio_)
        assert np.allclose(audio, audio_)
        assert audio_.dtype == "int16"

        audio_ = processing_utils.convert_to_16_bit_wav(audio)
        assert np.allclose(audio, audio_)
        assert audio_.dtype == "int16"

    def test_convert_to_16_bit_wav(self):
        # Generate a random audio sample and set the amplitude
        audio = np.random.randint(-100, 100, size=(100), dtype="int16")
        audio[0] = -32767
        audio[1] = 32766

        audio_ = audio.astype("float64")
        audio_ = processing_utils.convert_to_16_bit_wav(audio_)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert audio_.dtype == "int16"

        audio_ = audio.astype("float32")
        audio_ = processing_utils.convert_to_16_bit_wav(audio_)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert audio_.dtype == "int16"

        audio_ = processing_utils.convert_to_16_bit_wav(audio)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert audio_.dtype == "int16"

def convert_to_16_bit_wav(data):
    # Based on: https://docs.scipy.org/doc/scipy/reference/generated/scipy.io.wavfile.write.html
    warning = "Trying to convert audio automatically from {} to 16-bit int format."
    if data.dtype in [np.float64, np.float32, np.float16]:
        warnings.warn(warning.format(data.dtype))
        data = data / np.abs(data).max()
        data = data * 32767
        data = data.astype(np.int16)
    elif data.dtype == np.int32:
        warnings.warn(warning.format(data.dtype))
        data = data / 65536
        data = data.astype(np.int16)
    elif data.dtype == np.int16:
        pass
    elif data.dtype == np.uint16:
        warnings.warn(warning.format(data.dtype))
        data = data - 32768
        data = data.astype(np.int16)
    elif data.dtype == np.uint8:
        warnings.warn(warning.format(data.dtype))
        data = data * 257 - 32768
        data = data.astype(np.int16)
    elif data.dtype == np.int8:
        warnings.warn(warning.format(data.dtype))
        data = data * 256
        data = data.astype(np.int16)
    else:
        raise ValueError(
            "Audio data cannot be converted automatically from "
            f"{data.dtype} to 16-bit int format."
        )
    return data


    def test_function_with_kwargs(self):
        def func(a, **kwargs):
            pass

        assert get_function_params(func) == [("a", False, None, None)]

    def test_function_with_kwargs(self):
        def func(a, **kwargs):
            pass

        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def get_function_params(func: Callable) -> list[tuple[str, bool, Any, Any]]:
    """
    Gets the parameters of a function as a list of tuples of the form (name, has_default, default_value, type_hint).
    Excludes *args and **kwargs, as well as args that are Gradio-specific, such as gr.Request, gr.EventData, gr.OAuthProfile, and gr.OAuthToken.
    """
    params_info = []
    try:
        signature = inspect.signature(func)
    except ValueError:
        signature = inspect.Signature()
    type_hints = get_type_hints(func)
    for name, parameter in signature.parameters.items():
        if parameter.kind in (
            inspect.Parameter.VAR_POSITIONAL,
            inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD,
        ):
            break
        if is_special_typed_parameter(name, type_hints):
            continue
        if parameter.default is inspect.Parameter.empty:
            params_info.append((name, False, None, type_hints.get(name, None)))
        else:
            params_info.append(
                (name, True, parameter.default, type_hints.get(name, None))
            )
    return params_info


    def test_is_special_typed_parameter(self):
        def func(a: list[str], b: Literal["a", "b"], c, d: Request, e: Request | None):
            pass

        hints = get_type_hints(func)
        assert not is_special_typed_parameter("a", hints)
        assert not is_special_typed_parameter("b", hints)
        assert not is_special_typed_parameter("c", hints)
        assert is_special_typed_parameter("d", hints)
        assert is_special_typed_parameter("e", hints)

    def test_is_special_typed_parameter(self):
        def func(a: list[str], b: Literal["a", "b"], c, d: Request, e: Request | None):
            pass

        hints = get_type_hints(func)
        assert not is_special_typed_parameter("a", hints)
        assert not is_special_typed_parameter("b", hints)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert is_special_typed_parameter("d", hints)
        assert is_special_typed_parameter("e", hints)

def is_special_typed_parameter(name, parameter_types):
    from gradio.helpers import EventData
    from gradio.oauth import OAuthProfile, OAuthToken
    from gradio.route_utils import Header
    from gradio.routes import Request

    """Checks if parameter has a type hint designating it as a gr.Request, gr.EventData, gr.OAuthProfile or gr.OAuthToken."""
    hint = parameter_types.get(name)
    if not hint:
        return False
    is_request = hint in (Request, Optional[Request])
    is_oauth_arg = hint in (
        OAuthProfile,
        Optional[OAuthProfile],
        OAuthToken,
        Optional[OAuthToken],
        Header,
        Optional[Header],
    )
    is_event_data = inspect.isclass(hint) and issubclass(hint, EventData)
    return is_request or is_event_data or is_oauth_arg


    def test_url_ok(self):
        res = networking.url_ok("https://www.gradio.app")
        assert res

    def test_url_ok(self):
        res = networking.url_ok("https://www.gradio.app")
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def url_ok(url: str) -> bool:
    try:
        for _ in range(5):
            with warnings.catch_warnings():
                warnings.filterwarnings("ignore")
                r = httpx.head(url, timeout=3, verify=False)
            if (
                r.status_code in (200, 401, 302, 303, 307)
            ):  # 401 or 302 if auth is set; 303 or 307 are alternatives to 302 for temporary redirects
                return True
            time.sleep(0.500)
    except (ConnectionError, httpx.ConnectError, httpx.TimeoutException):
        return False
    return False


    def test_empty_expression_returns_latest(self):
        assert get_matching_version(assets, None) == ThemeAsset("theme_schema@3.20.1")

    def test_empty_expression_returns_latest(self):
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

@dataclass
class ThemeAsset:
    filename: str
    version: semver.Version = field(init=False)

    def __post_init__(self):
        self.version = semver.Version(self.filename.split("@")[1].replace(".json", ""))


    def test_set_get_unhashable(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        key = [1, 2, 3]
        key2 = [1, 2, 3]
        d[key] = "value"
        assert d[key] == "value"
        assert d[key2] == "value"

    def test_set_get_unhashable(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        key = [1, 2, 3]
        key2 = [1, 2, 3]
        d[key] = "value"
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert d[key2] == "value"


    def test_safe_value(self):
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv(4) == 4
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv(-44.44) == -44.44
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv("1+1=2") == "1+1=2"
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv("1aaa2") == "1aaa2"

    def test_safe_value(self):
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv(4) == 4
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv(-44.44) == -44.44
        assert sanitize_value_for_csv("1+1=2") == "1+1=2"
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    def test_abspath_no_symlink(self):
        resolved_path = str(abspath("../gradio/gradio/test_data/lion.jpg"))
        assert ".." not in resolved_path

    def test_abspath_no_symlink(self):
        resolved_path = str(abspath("../gradio/gradio/test_data/lion.jpg"))
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def abspath(path: str | Path) -> Path:
    return Path(os.path.abspath(str(path)))


def test_navbar_config():
    """
    Test that navbar component produces the correct config
    """
    with gr.Blocks() as demo:
        gr.Navbar([("About2", "/about2")], visible=True, main_page_name="My Custom App")
        gr.Textbox(label="Main page content")

    with demo.route("About"):
        gr.Markdown("About page")

    config = demo.get_config_file()
    navbar_component = None
    for component in config["components"]:
        if component["type"] == "navbar":
            navbar_component = component
            break

    assert navbar_component is not None
    assert navbar_component["props"]["value"] == [["About2", "/about2"]]
    assert navbar_component["props"]["visible"]
    assert navbar_component["props"]["main_page_name"] == "My Custom App"

def test_navbar_config():
    """
    Test that navbar component produces the correct config
    """
    with gr.Blocks() as demo:
        gr.Navbar([("About2", "/about2")], visible=True, main_page_name="My Custom App")
        gr.Textbox(label="Main page content")

    with demo.route("About"):
        gr.Markdown("About page")

    config = demo.get_config_file()
    navbar_component = None
    for component in config["components"]:
        if component["type"] == "navbar":
            navbar_component = component
            break

    assert navbar_component is not None
    assert navbar_component["props"]["value"] == [["About2", "/about2"]]
    <AssertPlaceHolder>
    assert navbar_component["props"]["main_page_name"] == "My Custom App"

    def get_config_file(self) -> BlocksConfigDict:
        config: BlocksConfigDict = {
            "version": VERSION,
            "api_prefix": API_PREFIX,
            "mode": self.mode,
            "app_id": self.app_id,
            "dev_mode": self.dev_mode,
            "vibe_mode": self.vibe_mode,
            "analytics_enabled": self.analytics_enabled,
            "components": [],
            "css": self.css,
            "connect_heartbeat": False,
            "js": cast(str | Literal[True] | None, self.js),
            "head": self.head,
            "title": self.title or "Gradio",
            "space_id": self.space_id,
            "enable_queue": True,  # launch attributes
            "show_error": getattr(self, "show_error", False),
            "show_api": getattr(self, "show_api", True),
            "is_colab": utils.colab_check(),
            "max_file_size": getattr(self, "max_file_size", None),
            "stylesheets": self.stylesheets,
            "theme": self.theme.name,
            "protocol": "sse_v3",
            "body_css": {
                "body_background_fill": self.theme._get_computed_value(
                    "body_background_fill"
                ),
                "body_text_color": self.theme._get_computed_value("body_text_color"),
                "body_background_fill_dark": self.theme._get_computed_value(
                    "body_background_fill_dark"
                ),
                "body_text_color_dark": self.theme._get_computed_value(
                    "body_text_color_dark"
                ),
            },
            "fill_height": self.fill_height,
            "fill_width": self.fill_width,
            "theme_hash": self.theme_hash,
            "pwa": self.pwa,
            "pages": self.pages,
            "page": {},
            "mcp_server": self.mcp_server,
            "i18n_translations": (
                getattr(self.i18n_instance, "translations_dict", None)
                if getattr(self, "i18n_instance", None) is not None
                else None
            ),
        }
        config.update(self.default_config.get_config())  # type: ignore
        config["connect_heartbeat"] = utils.connect_heartbeat(
            config, self.blocks.values()
        )
        return config


def test_extract_svg_content_from_url(monkeypatch):
    class MockResponse:
        def __init__(self):
            self.text = "<svg>mock svg content</svg>"

        def raise_for_status(self):
            pass

    def mock_get(*args, **kwargs):
        return MockResponse()

    monkeypatch.setattr("httpx.get", mock_get)
    svg_content = extract_svg_content("https://example.com/test.svg")
    assert svg_content == "<svg>mock svg content</svg>"

def test_extract_svg_content_from_url(monkeypatch):
    class MockResponse:
        def __init__(self):
            self.text = "<svg>mock svg content</svg>"

        def raise_for_status(self):
            pass

    def mock_get(*args, **kwargs):
        return MockResponse()

    monkeypatch.setattr("httpx.get", mock_get)
    svg_content = extract_svg_content("https://example.com/test.svg")
    <AssertPlaceHolder>

def extract_svg_content(image_file: str | Path) -> str:
    """
    Provided a path or URL to an SVG file, return the SVG content as a string.
    Parameters:
        image_file: Local file path or URL to an SVG file
    Returns:
        str: The SVG content as a string
    """
    image_file = str(image_file)
    if is_http_url_like(image_file):
        response = httpx.get(image_file)
        response.raise_for_status()  # Raise an error for bad status codes
        return response.text
    else:
        with open(image_file) as file:
            svg_content = file.read()
        return svg_content


def test_recover_kwargs():
    audio = gr.Audio(format="wav", autoplay=True)
    props = audio.recover_kwargs(
        {"format": "wav", "value": "foo.wav", "autoplay": False, "foo": "bar"}
    )
    assert props == {"format": "wav", "value": "foo.wav", "autoplay": False}
    props = audio.recover_kwargs(
        {"format": "wav", "value": "foo.wav", "autoplay": False, "foo": "bar"},
        ["value"],
    )
    assert props == {"format": "wav", "autoplay": False}

def test_recover_kwargs():
    audio = gr.Audio(format="wav", autoplay=True)
    props = audio.recover_kwargs(
        {"format": "wav", "value": "foo.wav", "autoplay": False, "foo": "bar"}
    )
    <AssertPlaceHolder>
    props = audio.recover_kwargs(
        {"format": "wav", "value": "foo.wav", "autoplay": False, "foo": "bar"},
        ["value"],
    )
    assert props == {"format": "wav", "autoplay": False}

    @classmethod
    def recover_kwargs(
        cls, props: dict[str, Any], additional_keys: list[str] | None = None
    ):
        """
        Recovers kwargs from a dict of props.
        """
        additional_keys = additional_keys or []
        signature = inspect.signature(cls.__init__)
        kwargs = {}
        for parameter in signature.parameters.values():
            if parameter.name in props and parameter.name not in additional_keys:
                kwargs[parameter.name] = props[parameter.name]
        return kwargs


    def test_get_theme_assets(self):
        space_info = huggingface_hub.hf_api.SpaceInfo(
            id="freddyaboulton/dracula",
            siblings=[
                {
                    "blob_id": None,
                    "lfs": None,
                    "rfilename": "themes/theme_schema@0.1.0.json",
                    "size": None,
                },
                {
                    "blob_id": None,
                    "lfs": None,
                    "rfilename": "themes/theme_schema@0.1.1.json",
                    "size": None,
                },
                {
                    "blob_id": None,
                    "lfs": None,
                    "rfilename": "themes/theme_schema@0.2.5.json",
                    "size": None,
                },
                {
                    "blob_id": None,
                    "lfs": None,
                    "rfilename": "themes/theme_schema@1.5.9.json",
                    "size": None,
                },
            ],
            tags=["gradio-theme", "gradio"],
            private=False,
            likes=0,
        )

        assert get_theme_assets(space_info) == [
            ThemeAsset("themes/theme_schema@0.1.0.json"),
            ThemeAsset("themes/theme_schema@0.1.1.json"),
            ThemeAsset("themes/theme_schema@0.2.5.json"),
            ThemeAsset("themes/theme_schema@1.5.9.json"),
        ]

        assert gr.Theme._theme_version_exists(space_info, "0.1.1")
        assert not gr.Theme._theme_version_exists(space_info, "2.0.0")

    def test_get_theme_assets(self):
        space_info = huggingface_hub.hf_api.SpaceInfo(
            id="freddyaboulton/dracula",
            siblings=[
                {
                    "blob_id": None,
                    "lfs": None,
                    "rfilename": "themes/theme_schema@0.1.0.json",
                    "size": None,
                },
                {
                    "blob_id": None,
                    "lfs": None,
                    "rfilename": "themes/theme_schema@0.1.1.json",
                    "size": None,
                },
                {
                    "blob_id": None,
                    "lfs": None,
                    "rfilename": "themes/theme_schema@0.2.5.json",
                    "size": None,
                },
                {
                    "blob_id": None,
                    "lfs": None,
                    "rfilename": "themes/theme_schema@1.5.9.json",
                    "size": None,
                },
            ],
            tags=["gradio-theme", "gradio"],
            private=False,
            likes=0,
        )

        assert get_theme_assets(space_info) == [
            ThemeAsset("themes/theme_schema@0.1.0.json"),
            ThemeAsset("themes/theme_schema@0.1.1.json"),
            ThemeAsset("themes/theme_schema@0.2.5.json"),
            ThemeAsset("themes/theme_schema@1.5.9.json"),
        ]

        assert gr.Theme._theme_version_exists(space_info, "0.1.1")
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

    @staticmethod
    def _theme_version_exists(
        space_info: huggingface_hub.hf_api.SpaceInfo, version: str
    ) -> bool:
        assets = get_theme_assets(space_info)
        return any(a.version == semver.Version(version) for a in assets)


    def test_is_special_typed_parameter_with_pipe(self):
        def func(a: Request, b: str | int, c: list[str]):
            pass

        hints = get_type_hints(func)
        assert is_special_typed_parameter("a", hints)
        assert not is_special_typed_parameter("b", hints)
        assert not is_special_typed_parameter("c", hints)

    def test_is_special_typed_parameter_with_pipe(self):
        def func(a: Request, b: str | int, c: list[str]):
            pass

        hints = get_type_hints(func)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert not is_special_typed_parameter("b", hints)
        assert not is_special_typed_parameter("c", hints)

def get_type_hints(fn):
    if inspect.isfunction(fn) or inspect.ismethod(fn):
        pass
    elif callable(fn):
        fn = fn.__call__
    else:
        return {}
    return typing.get_type_hints(fn)


def test_resolve_schema_ref_ref():
    schema = {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet"}
    spec = {
        "components": {
            "schemas": {
                "Pet": {"type": "object", "properties": {"id": {"type": "integer"}}}
            }
        }
    }
    resolved = resolve_schema_ref(schema, spec)
    assert resolved["type"] == "object"
    assert "id" in resolved["properties"]

def test_resolve_schema_ref_ref():
    schema = {"$ref": "#/components/schemas/Pet"}
    spec = {
        "components": {
            "schemas": {
                "Pet": {"type": "object", "properties": {"id": {"type": "integer"}}}
            }
        }
    }
    resolved = resolve_schema_ref(schema, spec)
    <AssertPlaceHolder>
    assert "id" in resolved["properties"]

def resolve_schema_ref(schema: dict, spec: dict) -> dict:
    """Resolve schema references in OpenAPI spec."""
    if "$ref" in schema:
        ref_path = schema["$ref"]
        if ref_path.startswith("#/components/schemas/"):
            schema_name = ref_path.split("/")[-1]
            return spec.get("components", {}).get("schemas", {}).get(schema_name, {})
        elif ref_path.startswith("#/"):
            path_parts = ref_path.split("/")[1:]
            current = spec
            for part in path_parts:
                current = current.get(part, {})
            return current
    return schema


    def test_compatible_release_specifier(self):
        assert get_matching_version(assets, "~=0.0") == ThemeAsset("theme_schema@0.9.8")

    def test_compatible_release_specifier(self):
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


def test_slugify():
    items = (
        ("Hello, World!", "hello-world"),
        ("spam & eggs", "spam-eggs"),
        (" multiple---dash and  space ", "multiple-dash-and-space"),
        ("\t whitespace-in-value \n", "whitespace-in-value"),
        ("underscore_in-value", "underscore_in-value"),
        ("__strip__underscore-value___", "strip__underscore-value"),
        ("--strip-dash-value---", "strip-dash-value"),
        ("__strip-mixed-value---", "strip-mixed-value"),
        ("_ -strip-mixed-value _-", "strip-mixed-value"),
    )
    for value, expected_output in items:
        assert slugify(value) == expected_output

def test_slugify():
    items = (
        ("Hello, World!", "hello-world"),
        ("spam & eggs", "spam-eggs"),
        (" multiple---dash and  space ", "multiple-dash-and-space"),
        ("\t whitespace-in-value \n", "whitespace-in-value"),
        ("underscore_in-value", "underscore_in-value"),
        ("__strip__underscore-value___", "strip__underscore-value"),
        ("--strip-dash-value---", "strip-dash-value"),
        ("__strip-mixed-value---", "strip-mixed-value"),
        ("_ -strip-mixed-value _-", "strip-mixed-value"),
    )
    for value, expected_output in items:
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def slugify(value):
    """
    Convert to ASCII. Convert spaces or repeated dashes to single dashes.
    Remove characters that aren't alphanumerics, underscores, or hyphens.
    Convert to lowercase. Also strip leading and trailing whitespace,
    dashes, and underscores.
    """
    value = str(value)
    value = (
        unicodedata.normalize("NFKD", value).encode("ascii", "ignore").decode("ascii")
    )
    value = re.sub(r"[^\w\s-]", "", value.lower())
    return re.sub(r"[-\s]+", "-", value).strip("-_")


    def test_delete(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        d["key"] = "value"
        del d["key"]
        assert len(d) == 0
        with pytest.raises(KeyError):
            d["key"]

    def test_delete(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        d["key"] = "value"
        del d["key"]
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        with pytest.raises(KeyError):
            d["key"]

class UnhashableKeyDict(MutableMapping):
    """
    Essentially a list of key-value tuples that allows for keys that are not hashable,
    but acts like a dictionary for convenience.
    """

    def __init__(self):
        self.data = []

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        for k, v in self.data:
            if deep_equal(k, key):
                return v
        raise KeyError(key)

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        for i, (k, _) in enumerate(self.data):
            if deep_equal(k, key):
                self.data[i] = (key, value)
                return
        self.data.append((key, value))

    def __delitem__(self, key):
        for i, (k, _) in enumerate(self.data):
            if deep_equal(k, key):
                del self.data[i]
                return
        raise KeyError(key)

    def __iter__(self):
        return (k for k, _ in self.data)

    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.data)

    def as_list(self):
        return [v for _, v in self.data]


def test_parse_file_size():
    assert _parse_file_size("1kb") == 1 * FileSize.KB
    assert _parse_file_size("1mb") == 1 * FileSize.MB
    assert _parse_file_size("505 Mb") == 505 * FileSize.MB

def test_parse_file_size():
    <AssertPlaceHolder>
    assert _parse_file_size("1mb") == 1 * FileSize.MB
    assert _parse_file_size("505 Mb") == 505 * FileSize.MB

def _parse_file_size(size: str | int | None) -> int | None:
    if isinstance(size, int) or size is None:
        return size

    size = size.replace(" ", "")

    last_digit_index = next(
        (i for i, c in enumerate(size) if not c.isdigit()), len(size)
    )
    size_int, unit = int(size[:last_digit_index]), size[last_digit_index:].upper()
    multiple = getattr(FileSize, unit, None)
    if not multiple:
        raise ValueError(f"Invalid file size unit: {unit}")
    return multiple * size_int


    def test_lambda_with_kwargs(self):
        assert get_function_params(lambda x, **kwargs: x) == [("x", False, None, None)]

    def test_lambda_with_kwargs(self):
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    def test_encode_pil_to_temp_file_metadata_color_profile(self, gradio_temp_dir):
        # Read image
        img = Image.open("gradio/test_data/test_image.png")
        img_metadata = Image.open("gradio/test_data/test_image.png")
        img_metadata.info = {"key1": "value1", "key2": "value2"}

        # Creating sRGB profile
        profile = ImageCms.createProfile("sRGB")
        profile2 = ImageCms.ImageCmsProfile(profile)
        img.save(
            gradio_temp_dir / "img_color_profile.png", icc_profile=profile2.tobytes()
        )
        img_cp1 = Image.open(str(gradio_temp_dir / "img_color_profile.png"))

        # Creating XYZ profile
        profile = ImageCms.createProfile("XYZ")
        profile2 = ImageCms.ImageCmsProfile(profile)
        img.save(
            gradio_temp_dir / "img_color_profile_2.png", icc_profile=profile2.tobytes()
        )
        img_cp2 = Image.open(str(gradio_temp_dir / "img_color_profile_2.png"))

        img_path = processing_utils.save_pil_to_cache(
            img, cache_dir=gradio_temp_dir, format="png"
        )
        img_metadata_path = processing_utils.save_pil_to_cache(
            img_metadata, cache_dir=gradio_temp_dir, format="png"
        )
        img_cp1_path = processing_utils.save_pil_to_cache(
            img_cp1, cache_dir=gradio_temp_dir, format="png"
        )
        img_cp2_path = processing_utils.save_pil_to_cache(
            img_cp2, cache_dir=gradio_temp_dir, format="png"
        )

        assert len({img_path, img_metadata_path, img_cp1_path, img_cp2_path}) == 4

    def test_encode_pil_to_temp_file_metadata_color_profile(self, gradio_temp_dir):
        # Read image
        img = Image.open("gradio/test_data/test_image.png")
        img_metadata = Image.open("gradio/test_data/test_image.png")
        img_metadata.info = {"key1": "value1", "key2": "value2"}

        # Creating sRGB profile
        profile = ImageCms.createProfile("sRGB")
        profile2 = ImageCms.ImageCmsProfile(profile)
        img.save(
            gradio_temp_dir / "img_color_profile.png", icc_profile=profile2.tobytes()
        )
        img_cp1 = Image.open(str(gradio_temp_dir / "img_color_profile.png"))

        # Creating XYZ profile
        profile = ImageCms.createProfile("XYZ")
        profile2 = ImageCms.ImageCmsProfile(profile)
        img.save(
            gradio_temp_dir / "img_color_profile_2.png", icc_profile=profile2.tobytes()
        )
        img_cp2 = Image.open(str(gradio_temp_dir / "img_color_profile_2.png"))

        img_path = processing_utils.save_pil_to_cache(
            img, cache_dir=gradio_temp_dir, format="png"
        )
        img_metadata_path = processing_utils.save_pil_to_cache(
            img_metadata, cache_dir=gradio_temp_dir, format="png"
        )
        img_cp1_path = processing_utils.save_pil_to_cache(
            img_cp1, cache_dir=gradio_temp_dir, format="png"
        )
        img_cp2_path = processing_utils.save_pil_to_cache(
            img_cp2, cache_dir=gradio_temp_dir, format="png"
        )

        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def save_pil_to_cache(
    img: Image.Image,
    cache_dir: str,
    name: str = "image",
    format: str = "webp",
) -> str:
    bytes_data = encode_pil_to_bytes(img, format)
    temp_dir = Path(cache_dir) / hash_bytes(bytes_data)
    temp_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True, parents=True)
    filename = str((temp_dir / f"{name}.{format}").resolve())
    (temp_dir / f"{name}.{format}").resolve().write_bytes(bytes_data)
    return filename


def delete_none(
    _dict: dict, skip_value: bool = False, skip_props: list[str] | None = None
) -> dict:
    """
    Delete keys whose values are None from a dictionary
    """
    skip_props = [] if skip_props is None else skip_props
    for key, value in list(_dict.items()):
        if key in skip_props:
            continue
        if skip_value and key == "value":
            continue
        elif value is None:
            del _dict[key]
    return _dict


    def test_class_method_with_args(self):
        class MyClass:
            def method(self, a, *args, b=42):
                pass

        assert get_function_params(MyClass().method) == [("a", False, None, None)]

    def test_class_method_with_args(self):
        class MyClass:
            def method(self, a, *args, b=42):
                pass

        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    def test_contains(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        d["key"] = "value"
        assert "key" in d
        assert "nonexistent" not in d

    def test_contains(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        d["key"] = "value"
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert "nonexistent" not in d


    def test_audio_to_file(self):
        audio = processing_utils.audio_from_file("gradio/test_data/test_audio.wav")
        processing_utils.audio_to_file(audio[0], audio[1], "test_audio_to_file")
        assert os.path.exists("test_audio_to_file")
        os.remove("test_audio_to_file")

    def test_audio_to_file(self):
        audio = processing_utils.audio_from_file("gradio/test_data/test_audio.wav")
        processing_utils.audio_to_file(audio[0], audio[1], "test_audio_to_file")
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        os.remove("test_audio_to_file")

##################
# Audio
##################

def audio_from_file(
    filename: str, crop_min: float = 0, crop_max: float = 100
) -> tuple[int, np.ndarray]:
    try:
        audio = AudioSegment.from_file(filename)
    except FileNotFoundError as e:
        isfile = Path(filename).is_file()
        msg = (
            f"Cannot load audio from file: `{'ffprobe' if isfile else filename}` not found."
            + " Please install `ffmpeg` in your system to use non-WAV audio file formats"
            " and make sure `ffprobe` is in your PATH."
            if isfile
            else ""
        )
        raise RuntimeError(msg) from e
    except OSError as e:
        raise e
    if crop_min != 0 or crop_max != 100:
        audio_start = len(audio) * crop_min / 100
        audio_end = len(audio) * crop_max / 100
        audio = audio[audio_start:audio_end]
    data = np.array(audio.get_array_of_samples())
    if audio.channels > 1:
        data = data.reshape(-1, audio.channels)
    return audio.frame_rate, data


    def test_overwrite(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        d["key"] = "old"
        d["key"] = "new"
        assert d["key"] == "new"

    def test_overwrite(self):
        d = UnhashableKeyDict()
        d["key"] = "old"
        d["key"] = "new"
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    def test_download_if_url_doesnt_crash_on_connection_error(self):
        in_article = "placeholder"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        assert out_article == in_article

        # non-printable characters are not allowed in URL address
        in_article = "text\twith\rnon-printable\nASCII\x00characters"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        assert out_article == in_article

        # only files with HTTP(S) URL can be downloaded
        in_article = "ftp://localhost/tmp/index.html"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        assert out_article == in_article

        in_article = "file:///C:/tmp/index.html"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        assert out_article == in_article

        # this address will raise ValueError during parsing
        in_article = "https://[unmatched_bracket#?:@/index.html"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        assert out_article == in_article

    def test_download_if_url_doesnt_crash_on_connection_error(self):
        in_article = "placeholder"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

        # non-printable characters are not allowed in URL address
        in_article = "text\twith\rnon-printable\nASCII\x00characters"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

        # only files with HTTP(S) URL can be downloaded
        in_article = "ftp://localhost/tmp/index.html"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

        in_article = "file:///C:/tmp/index.html"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

        # this address will raise ValueError during parsing
        in_article = "https://[unmatched_bracket#?:@/index.html"
        out_article = download_if_url(in_article)
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def download_if_url(article: str) -> str:
    try:
        result = urllib.parse.urlparse(article)
        is_url = all([result.scheme, result.netloc, result.path])
        is_url = is_url and result.scheme in ["http", "https"]
    except ValueError:
        is_url = False

    if not is_url:
        return article

    try:
        response = httpx.get(article, timeout=3)
        if response.status_code == httpx.codes.OK:  # pylint: disable=no-member
            article = response.text
    except (httpx.InvalidURL, httpx.RequestError, httpx.TimeoutException):
        pass

    return article


    @patch("gradio.themes.base.get_theme_assets", return_value=assets)
    def test_get_next_version(self, mock):
        next_version = gr.themes.Base._get_next_version(
            SpaceInfo(id="gradio/dracula_test", private=False, likes=0, tags=[])
        )
        assert next_version == "3.20.2"

    @patch("gradio.themes.base.get_theme_assets", return_value=assets)
    def test_get_next_version(self, mock):
        next_version = gr.themes.Base._get_next_version(
            SpaceInfo(id="gradio/dracula_test", private=False, likes=0, tags=[])
        )
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

    @staticmethod
    def _get_next_version(space_info: huggingface_hub.hf_api.SpaceInfo) -> str:
        assets = get_theme_assets(space_info)
        latest_version = max(assets, key=lambda asset: asset.version).version
        return str(latest_version.next_patch())


    @pytest.mark.skipif(
        sys.platform.startswith("win"),
        reason="Windows doesn't allow creation of sym links without administrative privileges",
    )
    def test_abspath_symlink_path(self):
        os.symlink("gradio/test_data", "gradio/test_link", True)
        resolved_path = str(abspath("../gradio/gradio/test_link/lion.jpg"))
        os.unlink("gradio/test_link")
        assert "test_link" in resolved_path

    @pytest.mark.skipif(
        sys.platform.startswith("win"),
        reason="Windows doesn't allow creation of sym links without administrative privileges",
    )
    def test_abspath_symlink_path(self):
        os.symlink("gradio/test_data", "gradio/test_link", True)
        resolved_path = str(abspath("../gradio/gradio/test_link/lion.jpg"))
        os.unlink("gradio/test_link")
        <AssertPlaceHolder>


    def test_audio_from_file(self):
        audio = processing_utils.audio_from_file("gradio/test_data/test_audio.wav")
        assert audio[0] == 22050
        assert isinstance(audio[1], np.ndarray)

    def test_audio_from_file(self):
        audio = processing_utils.audio_from_file("gradio/test_data/test_audio.wav")
        <AssertPlaceHolder>
        assert isinstance(audio[1], np.ndarray)


    def test_first_suffix(self):
        name = "test"
        list_of_names = ["test", "test_-1"]
        assert append_unique_suffix(name, list_of_names) == "test_1"

    def test_first_suffix(self):
        name = "test"
        list_of_names = ["test", "test_-1"]
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def append_unique_suffix(name: str, list_of_names: list[str]):
    """Appends a numerical suffix to `name` so that it does not appear in `list_of_names`."""
    set_of_names: set[str] = set(list_of_names)  # for O(1) lookup
    if name not in set_of_names:
        return name
    else:
        suffix_counter = 1
        new_name = f"{name}_{suffix_counter}"
        while new_name in set_of_names:
            suffix_counter += 1
            new_name = f"{name}_{suffix_counter}"
        return new_name


    def test_lambda_with_args(self):
        assert get_function_params(lambda x, *args: x) == [("x", False, None, None)]

    def test_lambda_with_args(self):
        <AssertPlaceHolder>

def get_function_params(func: Callable) -> list[tuple[str, bool, Any, Any]]:
    """
    Gets the parameters of a function as a list of tuples of the form (name, has_default, default_value, type_hint).
    Excludes *args and **kwargs, as well as args that are Gradio-specific, such as gr.Request, gr.EventData, gr.OAuthProfile, and gr.OAuthToken.
    """
    params_info = []
    try:
        signature = inspect.signature(func)
    except ValueError:
        signature = inspect.Signature()
    type_hints = get_type_hints(func)
    for name, parameter in signature.parameters.items():
        if parameter.kind in (
            inspect.Parameter.VAR_POSITIONAL,
            inspect.Parameter.VAR_KEYWORD,
        ):
            break
        if is_special_typed_parameter(name, type_hints):
            continue
        if parameter.default is inspect.Parameter.empty:
            params_info.append((name, False, None, type_hints.get(name, None)))
        else:
            params_info.append(
                (name, True, parameter.default, type_hints.get(name, None))
            )
    return params_info