legex/scrapers/lu.py

"""Luxembourg Cour de cassation via data.public.lu open-data API.

Endpoint and dataset slug discovered via the worldwidelaw/legal-sources project
(AGPL-3.0). We reimplement the scraping based on the public API.

The dataset (cour-de-cassation) ships PDF files whose names encode both the
decision date (YYYYMMDD prefix) and the civil/criminal split: criminal cassation
PDFs are prefixed `penal`, civil/general cassation PDFs start with the date.
We rely on that filename flag for `civil_filter()`.

Bandwidth optimisation: the Goldenset only needs `sample_n` cases (130). We
list all metadata up front and pre-sample 130 civil candidates using the same
seed as the downstream pipeline, then download + OCR PDFs only for that
shortlist. Downstream `random_sample(seed=0)` is deterministic, so it picks the
same 130 — and those 130 are the only Cases that carry `full_text`.
"""

import logging
import random
import re
import time
from datetime import date
from pathlib import Path

import pdfplumber
import requests

from legex.config import settings
from legex.models.base import Case
from legex.scrapers.base import BaseScraper

log = logging.getLogger(__name__)

DATASET_URL = "https://data.public.lu/api/1/datasets/cour-de-cassation/"
USER_AGENT = "legex-research (open-data, friendly)"
DOWNLOAD_DELAY_SECONDS = 0.5
PDF_TIMEOUT = 90

_FILENAME_RE = re.compile(r"^(penal)?(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})-")
_STRIP_SUFFIXES = (
    "-pseudonymise-accessible.pdf",
    "-accessible.pdf",
    ".pdf",
)


def _case_id_from_title(title: str) -> str:
    name = title
    for suffix in _STRIP_SUFFIXES:
        if name.endswith(suffix):
            name = name[: -len(suffix)]
            break
    return name


def _extract_pdf_text(path: Path) -> str | None:
    try:
        with pdfplumber.open(path) as pdf:
            pages = [page.extract_text() or "" for page in pdf.pages]
        text = "\n".join(p for p in pages if p).strip()
        return text or None
    except Exception as e:
        log.warning("LU pdfplumber failed for %s (%s)", path.name, e)
        return None


class LUScraper(BaseScraper):
    country = "Luxemburg"

    def scrape(
        self,
        start_date: date | None = None,
        end_date: date | None = None,
    ) -> list[Case]:
        session = requests.Session()
        session.headers.update({"User-Agent": USER_AGENT, "Accept": "application/json"})

        try:
            resp = session.get(DATASET_URL, timeout=60)
            resp.raise_for_status()
            dataset = resp.json()
        except Exception as e:
            log.warning("LU dataset fetch failed (%s); returning empty", e)
            return []

        resources = dataset.get("resources", []) or []
        log.info("LU resources listed: %d", len(resources))

        cases: list[Case] = []
        seen: set[str] = set()

        for res in resources:
            title = res.get("title") or ""
            url = res.get("url") or ""
            if not title or not url:
                continue
            m = _FILENAME_RE.match(title)
            if not m:
                continue
            criminal = m.group(1) is not None
            try:
                decision_date = date(int(m.group(2)), int(m.group(3)), int(m.group(4)))
            except ValueError:
                continue
            if start_date and decision_date < start_date:
                continue
            if end_date and decision_date > end_date:
                continue

            case_id = _case_id_from_title(title)
            if case_id in seen:
                continue
            seen.add(case_id)

            cases.append(
                Case(
                    case_id=case_id,
                    link=url,
                    decision_date=decision_date,
                    jurisdiction="lu",
                    language="fr",
                    full_text=None,
                    metadata={
                        "filename": title,
                        "criminal_prefix": criminal,
                        "resource_id": res.get("id"),
                    },
                )
            )

        cases.sort(key=lambda c: c.decision_date or date.min, reverse=True)

        # Pre-sample the civil shortlist using the same seed as the downstream
        # pipeline (legex.processing.filter_and_sample). Both samples operate on
        # the same ordered list, so the picks match — and we only need to
        # download/OCR PDFs for this shortlist.
        civil_cases = [c for c in cases if not c.metadata.get("criminal_prefix")]
        n = min(settings.sample_n, len(civil_cases))
        shortlist = random.Random(settings.sample_seed).sample(civil_cases, n)
        shortlist_ids = {c.case_id for c in shortlist}
        log.info(
            "LU candidates: %d total (%d civil); downloading PDFs for %d sampled",
            len(cases),
            len(civil_cases),
            len(shortlist_ids),
        )

        cache_dir = settings.data_dir / "cache" / "lu"
        cache_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
        downloaded = 0
        for case in cases:
            if case.case_id not in shortlist_ids:
                continue
            pdf_path = cache_dir / f"{case.case_id}.pdf"
            if not pdf_path.exists():
                try:
                    r = session.get(case.link, timeout=PDF_TIMEOUT)
                    r.raise_for_status()
                    pdf_path.write_bytes(r.content)
                    downloaded += 1
                    if downloaded % 25 == 0:
                        log.info("LU downloaded %d PDFs", downloaded)
                    time.sleep(DOWNLOAD_DELAY_SECONDS)
                except Exception as e:
                    log.warning("LU PDF download failed %s (%s)", case.case_id, e)
                    continue
            case.full_text = _extract_pdf_text(pdf_path)

        log.info(
            "Collected %d Luxembourg cases (%d with full_text, %d criminal-prefixed)",
            len(cases),
            sum(1 for c in cases if c.full_text),
            sum(1 for c in cases if c.metadata.get("criminal_prefix")),
        )
        return cases

    @staticmethod
    def civil_filter(cases: list[Case]) -> list[Case]:
        kept = [c for c in cases if not (c.metadata or {}).get("criminal_prefix")]
        log.info("LU civil_filter kept %d/%d", len(kept), len(cases))
        return kept