from __future__ import annotations import logging import re import time from datetime import date from html import unescape from urllib.parse import urljoin import requests from dateutil import parser as dateutil_parser from legex.models.base import Case from legex.scrapers.base import BaseScraper # Data source: https://juportal.be/zoekmachine/zoekformulier # We submit the official search form with civil case-number prefix "C." and # page through server-side "next_page" form actions. log = logging.getLogger(__name__) BASE_URL = "https://juportal.be" SEARCH_FORM_URL = f"{BASE_URL}/zoekmachine/zoekformulier" SEARCH_RESULTS_URL = f"{BASE_URL}/zoekmachine/zoekresultaten" DELAY_SECONDS = 3 RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS = 30 MAX_PAGES_PER_QUERY = 300 _RE_FORM_TOKEN = re.compile(r'name=["\']TOKEN["\'][^>]*value=["\']([^"\']*)', re.IGNORECASE) _RE_ACTION_VALUE = re.compile( r']*name=["\']action["\'][^>]*value=["\']([^"\']*)', re.IGNORECASE, ) _RE_NEXT_VALUE = re.compile( r']*name=["\']next_page["\'][^>]*value=["\']([^"\']*)', re.IGNORECASE, ) _RE_CONTENT_LINK = re.compile(r'href=["\'](/content/ECLI:BE:CASS:[^"\']+)["\']', re.IGNORECASE) _RE_ROLE = re.compile(r"Rolnummer:\s*([A-Z]\.[0-9]{2}\.[0-9]{4}\.[A-Z])", re.IGNORECASE) _RE_DATE = re.compile(r"Vonnis/arrest van\s+([0-9]{1,2}\s+[A-Za-z]+\s+[0-9]{4})", re.IGNORECASE) _RE_ECLI = re.compile(r"(ECLI:BE:CASS:[A-Z0-9:.]+)") _RE_RESULT_ROW_META = re.compile( r"Hof van Cassatie\s*-\s*([0-9]{1,2}\s+[A-Za-z]+\s+[0-9]{4})\s*-\s*([A-Z]\.[0-9]{2}\.[0-9]{4}\.[A-Z])", re.IGNORECASE, ) def _parse_date(text: str | None) -> date | None: if not text: return None cleaned = text.strip() try: return date.fromisoformat(cleaned) except ValueError: pass try: return dateutil_parser.parse(cleaned, dayfirst=True).date() except (ValueError, OverflowError, dateutil_parser.ParserError): return None def _extract_token(html: str) -> str | None: match = _RE_FORM_TOKEN.search(html) return match.group(1) if match else None def _extract_action_value(html: str) -> str | None: match = _RE_ACTION_VALUE.search(html) return match.group(1) if match else None def _extract_next_value(html: str) -> str | None: match = _RE_NEXT_VALUE.search(html) return match.group(1) if match else None def _extract_result_links(html: str) -> list[str]: links = [] seen: set[str] = set() for raw_link in _RE_CONTENT_LINK.findall(html): clean = raw_link.split("#", 1)[0] if ":ARR." not in clean: continue if clean in seen: continue seen.add(clean) links.append(urljoin(BASE_URL, clean)) return links def _extract_result_cases(html: str) -> list[Case]: cases: list[Case] = [] seen: set[str] = set() chunks = html.split("") for chunk in chunks: link_match = _RE_CONTENT_LINK.search(chunk) if not link_match: continue rel = link_match.group(1).split("#", 1)[0] if ":ARR." not in rel: continue link = urljoin(BASE_URL, rel) if link in seen: continue seen.add(link) ecli_match = _RE_ECLI.search(chunk) meta_match = _RE_RESULT_ROW_META.search(unescape(re.sub(r"<[^>]+>", " ", chunk))) if not meta_match: continue decision_date = _parse_date(meta_match.group(1)) case_id = meta_match.group(2).upper() if not case_id.startswith("C."): continue cases.append( Case( case_id=case_id, link=link, decision_date=decision_date, jurisdiction="be", language="nl", full_text=None, metadata={ "ecli": (ecli_match.group(1).upper() if ecli_match else None), "source": "juportal.be", }, ) ) return cases def _extract_case_id(page_text: str) -> str | None: match = _RE_ROLE.search(page_text) return match.group(1).upper() if match else None def _extract_ecli(page_text: str) -> str | None: match = _RE_ECLI.search(page_text) return match.group(1).upper() if match else None def _extract_decision_date(page_text: str) -> date | None: match = _RE_DATE.search(page_text) return _parse_date(match.group(1) if match else None) def _extract_text(page_html: str) -> str | None: text = unescape(re.sub(r"<[^>]+>", "\n", page_html)) lines = [line.strip() for line in text.splitlines()] cleaned = [line for line in lines if line] return "\n".join(cleaned) if cleaned else None class BEScraper(BaseScraper): country = "Belgium" def scrape( self, start_date: date | None = None, end_date: date | None = None, ) -> list[Case]: start = start_date or date(2015, 1, 1) end = end_date or date.today() cases: list[Case] = [] seen: set[str] = set() session = requests.Session() for year in range(start.year, end.year + 1): year_start = max(start, date(year, 1, 1)) year_end = min(end, date(year, 12, 31)) if year_start > year_end: continue year_cases = self._scrape_year(session, year_start, year_end) for case in year_cases: if not case.link or case.link in seen: continue seen.add(case.link) cases.append(case) return cases def _scrape_year( self, session: requests.Session, start_date: date, end_date: date, ) -> list[Case]: log.info("Belgium %s to %s", start_date.isoformat(), end_date.isoformat()) form_html = self._fetch_text(session, SEARCH_FORM_URL) if form_html is None: return [] token = _extract_token(form_html) action_value = _extract_action_value(form_html) if not token or not action_value: return [] payload = { "TOKEN": token, "action": action_value, "TRECHNOROLE": "C.", "TRECHDECISIONDE": start_date.isoformat(), "TRECHDECISIONA": end_date.isoformat(), "TRECHNPPAGE": "50", "TRECHORDER": "DATEDEC", "TRECHDESCASC": "DESC", "TRECHOPER": "AND", "TRECHLIMIT": "25000", "TRECHMODE": "SIMPLE", "TRECHSCORE": "1", "TRECHSHOWFICHES": "fiches", } page_html = self._post_text(session, SEARCH_FORM_URL, payload) if page_html is None: return [] results: list[Case] = [] seen_links: set[str] = set() for page_idx in range(1, MAX_PAGES_PER_QUERY + 1): links = _extract_result_links(page_html) if not links: break log.info("Belgium page %d: %d decision links", page_idx, len(links)) page_cases = _extract_result_cases(page_html) for case in page_cases: if not case.link or case.link in seen_links: continue seen_links.add(case.link) results.append(case) next_value = _extract_next_value(page_html) next_token = _extract_token(page_html) if not next_value or not next_token: break time.sleep(DELAY_SECONDS) page_html = self._post_text( session, SEARCH_RESULTS_URL, {"TOKEN": next_token, "next_page": next_value}, ) if page_html is None: break return [ c for c in results if c.decision_date is not None and start_date <= c.decision_date <= end_date ] def _fetch_case(self, link: str) -> Case | None: html = self._fetch_url_text(link) if html is None: return None text = _extract_text(html) if text is None: return None case_id = _extract_case_id(text) if not case_id or not case_id.startswith("C."): return None decision_date = _extract_decision_date(text) ecli = _extract_ecli(text) return Case( case_id=case_id, link=link, decision_date=decision_date, jurisdiction="be", language="nl", full_text=text, metadata={"ecli": ecli, "source": "juportal.be"} if ecli else {"source": "juportal.be"}, ) @staticmethod def civil_filter(cases: list[Case]) -> list[Case]: return [c for c in cases if (c.case_id or "").startswith("C.")] def _fetch_text(self, session: requests.Session, url: str) -> str | None: try: response = session.get(url, timeout=30) if response.status_code == 429: time.sleep(RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS) response = session.get(url, timeout=30) if not response.ok: return None return response.text except requests.RequestException: return None def _post_text(self, session: requests.Session, url: str, data: dict[str, str]) -> str | None: try: response = session.post(url, data=data, timeout=30) if response.status_code == 429: time.sleep(RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS) response = session.post(url, data=data, timeout=30) if not response.ok: return None return response.text except requests.RequestException: return None