choices
dict
question_type
stringclasses
2 values
id
stringlengths
12
14
answer
stringlengths
1
40
youtube_url
stringlengths
42
92
metadata
dict
video
stringlengths
75
102
question
stringlengths
26
432
video_path
stringlengths
16
43
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_900
Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nhNkm7iZcrI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travelling_salesman_problem", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NP-hardness", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathfinding" ], "rationale": "The video shows how to solve a Traveling Salesman Problem", "subject": "Computer Science", "textbook": "Introducti...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/44.mp4
The demonstrated problem is an example of _________.
videos/Computer_Science/44.mp4
{ "A": "Ampicillin", "B": "Amoxicillin", "C": "Ribavirin", "D": "Emtricitabine", "E": "Fluconazole" }
multiple-choice
validation_901
D
https://youtu.be/DzXgCW9YcNg?si=qaKW-zjDGqbXD9pv
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HIV", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_HIV/AIDS", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emtricitabine" ], "rationale": "The video shows HIV infection. Emtricitabine is one of the antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection, Amoxicillin is a com...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/27.mp4
Based on the video content, determine what drugs are available to treat this disease.
videos/Pharmacy/27.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_902
band-pass filter
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PfBQEhLKDRc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RLC_circuit", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Band-pass_filter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resonance" ], "rationale": "The connection to a sinusoidal voltage source and its components (inductor, capacitor, resistor), indicates that the circuit in the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electrical_Engineering/32.mp4
In the video, the circuit acts as a _____, responding primarily to sounds at its resonant frequency.
videos/Electrical_Engineering/32.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_903
30
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acoALifVvb8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnosis_of_malaria", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscope_slide", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_smear", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microscopy" ], "rationale": "A 30-degree angle is crucial when preparing a blood smear slide for mala...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/14.mp4
In the diagnostic preparation demonstrated in the video, considering the equipment being used, it is crucial to operate at an angle of approximately ___ degrees.
videos/Preventive_Medicine/14.mp4
{ "A": "Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)", "B": "Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)", "C": "Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)", "D": "Hairy Cell Leukemia", "E": "Multiple Myeloma" }
multiple-choice
validation_904
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acoALifVvb8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_myeloid_leukemia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hematopathology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_smear", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumors_of_the_hematopoietic_and_lymphoid_tissues" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process of bl...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/14.mp4
In the laboratory technique demonstrated in the video, which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/14.mp4
{ "A": "Malaria", "B": "COVID-19", "C": "Mumps", "D": "Measles", "E": "Influenza" }
multiple-choice
validation_905
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=acoALifVvb8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnosis_of_malaria", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_smear" ], "rationale": "The image shows the process of making a blood smear, and blood smear examinations are the most widely used and effective method for diagnosing malaria.", "subject": "Preven...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Preventive_Medicine/14.mp4
The examination method shown in the video is likely used to diagnose which of the following diseases?
videos/Preventive_Medicine/14.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_906
fatigue
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G3N376JFC84
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_concentration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(material)" ], "rationale": "In the video, a line gradually extending through the material can be clearly observed. Based on materials scienc...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/13.mp4
In the video, over time, the lines extending across the screen are referred to as _____ cracks.
videos/Materials_Science/13.mp4
{ "A": "The bolts are subjected to axial pressure", "B": "Fatigue cracks occur in plates", "C": "The two plates are connected by a bolt", "D": "The main force in the stretching process is the plates", "E": "The main force during stretching is the bolt" }
multiple-choice
validation_907
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G3N376JFC84
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_concentration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatigue_(material)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolted_joint" ], "rationale": "Spiral connections are a commonly used method for connecting aircraft structures. The stretching method presented in ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Materials_Science/13.mp4
Which of the following statements about bolting experiments is false?
videos/Materials_Science/13.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_908
closed-loop
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6_ybGU4RMNs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermostat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Closed-loop_controller", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_theory" ], "rationale": "A closed-loop control system uses feedback to adjust its output to meet a desired input. The thermostat exemplifies this ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/31.mp4
The device that is being operated uses a **_______** (which kind of) control system.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/31.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_909
11 degrees
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBJ6GSvPg2M
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_(waves)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodiode", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarizer" ], "rationale": "According to Malus's Law, voltage output from a photodiode is proportional to light intensity: V = V_0 cos^2 θ. Given a voltage ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/18.mp4
Assuming the voltage output of the photodiode is proportional to the light intensity, the polarization angle θ when the voltage reading is 1.865 V is approximately ___ degrees.
videos/Modern_Physics/18.mp4
{ "A": "Oscillates", "B": "Smaller", "C": "Bigger first, then smaller", "D": "Smaller first, then bigger", "E": "Bigger" }
multiple-choice
validation_910
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBJ6GSvPg2M
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarization_(waves)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarizer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarizer#Malus'_law_and_other_properties" ], "rationale": "The polarization angle between two polarizing filters gets smaller first, then bigger, so the int...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/18.mp4
When the operator rotates the knot, how does the intensity of the polarized wave changes?
videos/Modern_Physics/18.mp4
{ "A": "3.86%", "B": "-3.86%", "C": "3.72%", "D": "-3.72%", "E": "3.76%" }
multiple-choice
validation_911
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hBJ6GSvPg2M
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodiode", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminous_intensity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportionality_(mathematics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photometry_(optics)" ], "rationale": "The voltage output of the photodiode is directly prop...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/18.mp4
In the experiment described in the video, a photodiode is used to record the intensity of light. Between the two readings, how much did the number of photons reaching the photodiode change?
videos/Modern_Physics/18.mp4
{ "A": "Procaine", "B": "Lidocaine", "C": "Mepivacaine", "D": "Articaine", "E": "Bupivacaine" }
multiple-choice
validation_912
A
https://youtu.be/bsOb0LEi63Q?si=gpFwHuSeYvqoAEyx
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mepivacaine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinesterase_inhibitor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lidocaine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organophosphate_poisoning", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bupivacaine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/w...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/28.mp4
Which of the following local anaesthetics should be avoided in the patient shown in the video because of the risk of prolonged effects and toxicity?
videos/Pharmacy/28.mp4
{ "A": "K2-138 System", "B": "TRAPPIST System", "C": "Solar System", "D": "Mu Arae System", "E": "Rho1 Cancri System" }
multiple-choice
validation_913
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DUkJ1uCge4s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_trigonometry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_system" ], "rationale": "The video presents the scene of planets orbiting stars, where the star in t...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/3.mp4
Which star system is shown in the video?
videos/Astronomy/3.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_914
collisions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBP3JVnPBuM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_collision", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_table", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array" ], "rationale": "The red squares that appear from 5 seconds in the video represent hash coll...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/45.mp4
The red squares most likely represent **______** in the demonstrated data structure in the video.
videos/Computer_Science/45.mp4
{ "A": "splay tree", "B": "linked list", "C": "hash table", "D": "AVL tree", "E": "red-black tree" }
multiple-choice
validation_915
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBP3JVnPBuM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_table", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array" ], "rationale": "The red squares that appear from 5 seconds in the video represent hash collisions in a hash table. Initially, black squares on ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/45.mp4
What kind of data structure is used in this video?
videos/Computer_Science/45.mp4
{ "A": "Separate Chaining using Linked Lists", "B": "Open Addressing with Linear Probing", "C": "Open Addressing with Quadratic Probing", "D": "Cuckoo Hashing", "E": "Open Addressing with Double Hashing" }
multiple-choice
validation_916
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBP3JVnPBuM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_hashing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_table", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_addressing" ], "rationale": "In video, the random distribution of red squares suggests a uniform spread of collisions, aligning with double hashing's approac...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/45.mp4
Considering that red squares represent collision events or special handling during insertions, which collision resolution strategy in hashing is most likely being illustrated in the video?
videos/Computer_Science/45.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_917
realistic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m8jah8VUxbU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Realism_(arts)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_realism", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literary_realism" ], "rationale": "The video depicts the common phenomenon of people constantly using their phones in modern society. This emphasis on everyda...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Literature/11.mp4
The content depicted in this simple animation carries a ______ tone.
videos/Literature/11.mp4
{ "A": "Inactivation of genetic material", "B": "DNA probe hybridization", "C": "DNA frameshift mutation", "D": "Protein denaturation", "E": "RNA coding" }
multiple-choice
validation_918
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8h67rkMA5Q
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denaturation_(biochemistry)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybridization_probe", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_hybridization", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_biology" ], "rationale": "The DNA molecule consists of two complem...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/24.mp4
What kind of biological technology is reflected in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/24.mp4
{ "A": "Clomiphene Citrate", "B": "Progesterone", "C": "Estradiol", "D": "Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)", "E": "GnRH Antagonist" }
multiple-choice
validation_919
C
https://youtu.be/kvQZA7EWwmk?si=DnF2DEL4zn0JlLzJ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryo_transfer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In_vitro_fertilisation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estradiol", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen" ], "rationale": "In the video, the disk's r...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/29.mp4
Which of the following medications would most effectively achieve this effect in video?
videos/Pharmacy/29.mp4
{ "A": "Coriolis effect", "B": "Butterfly effect", "C": "Greenhouse effect", "D": "Doppler effect", "E": "Lever effect" }
multiple-choice
validation_920
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bsufq2y_FVA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_effect", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_force", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly_effect", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_effect" ], "rationale": "On the rotating disk shown in the video, the small ball fails to mov...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Geography/14.mp4
what kind of effect is showed in the video?
videos/Geography/14.mp4
{ "A": "High pressure in the subtropics", "B": "Global sea level rise", "C": "Intensification of land desertification", "D": "Formation of the Himalayas", "E": "Formation of trade winds near the equator" }
multiple-choice
validation_921
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bsufq2y_FVA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_winds", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadley_cell", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intertropical_Convergence_Zone", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_circulation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_force" ], "rationale": "Th...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Geography/14.mp4
Based on the phenomenon described in the video, which of the following is best explained?
videos/Geography/14.mp4
{ "A": "Differential heating of Earth's surface causes air to rise at the equator, leading to cyclonic rotation patterns in each hemisphere.", "B": "High-pressure systems over the poles push winds toward the equator, initiating opposite rotations in each hemisphere.", "C": "The Earth's rotation causes the Corioli...
multiple-choice
validation_922
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bsufq2y_FVA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_force", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclone", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth%27s_rotation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_circulation" ], "rationale": "On the rotating disk shown in the video, the small ball fails to mo...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Geography/14.mp4
Based on the demonstration in the video, which of the following best explains Earth's cyclone rotation differences?
videos/Geography/14.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_923
filtration
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Po-uYV_oUU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteinuria", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulus", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filtration" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process of blood passing through the glomerulus. At the beginning of the video, larger molecules (such as proteins) ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/33.mp4
Based on the changes shown in the video, certain kidney structures have undergone alterations, resulting in damage to the kidney’s _____ function.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/33.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_924
crystallization
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4DjAckefH0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallization" ], "rationale": "The hydrogel in the experiment demonstrating biodegradation forms primarily through ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/25.mp4
In the video, the method is primarily based on **____**.
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/25.mp4
{ "A": "Solidification", "B": "Melting", "C": "Crystallization", "D": "Vaporization", "E": "Sublimation" }
multiple-choice
validation_925
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4DjAckefH0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_transition", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gelation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystallization" ], "rationale": "The small crystals dissolved in the video form larger crystals on the condensation...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/25.mp4
What phenomenon is described in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/25.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_926
invitation to treat
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n-SN4jQjbEU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Offer_and_acceptance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invitation_to_treat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract" ], "rationale": "In contract law, the display of goods in a supermarket is an invitation to treat, not an offer. This allows stores to in...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Law/11.mp4
The display of objects in the video description, is considered a(n) ________ to treat.
videos/Law/11.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_927
Equality
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jYqbhhLcefY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-discrimination_law", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equality_Act_2010", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversity_(business)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability_Discrimination_Act_1995" ], "rationale": "The coffee shop in the video suppor...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Management/15.mp4
Given the content of the video, the coffee shop is supporting workplace diversity and complying with the **______ Act**.
videos/Management/15.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_928
Maximum flow problem
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=io0vh78kVxs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_network_analysis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford%E2%80%93Fulkerson_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_constraint_optimization", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_flow_problem" ], "rationale": "The video uses a...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/46.mp4
What kind of problem does the video try to solve?
videos/Computer_Science/46.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_929
hydrogel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tmea3IUevK0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regeneration_in_humans" ], "rationale": "The procedure in the video involves injecting an injectable hydrogel, ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/26.mp4
In the video, the substance being injected is most likely **_____** .
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/26.mp4
{ "A": "Self-healing Materials", "B": "Bioactive Glass", "C": "Metallic Implants", "D": "Hydrogels", "E": "Bioceramics" }
multiple-choice
validation_930
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tmea3IUevK0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regenerative_medicine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extracellular_matrix" ], "rationale": "The procedure in the video involves injecting an injectable hydrogel,...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/26.mp4
What kind of biomaterial is used in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/26.mp4
{ "A": "They can fill irregular spaces and solidify in situ, providing a customizable fit.", "B": "They stimulate bone growth by releasing osteoinductive factors.", "C": "They enhance electrical conductivity for improving neural tissue regeneration.", "D": "They provide a rigid scaffold suitable for load-bearin...
multiple-choice
validation_931
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tmea3IUevK0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_surgery" ], "rationale": "The procedure in the video involves injecting an injectable hydrogel, indicat...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/26.mp4
Which of the following is the most significant advantage of using the injected material shown in the video?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/26.mp4
{ "A": "The biomaterial is biodegradable and has mechanical properties matching the surrounding soft tissue.", "B": "The biomaterial is electrically conductive to stimulate muscle contractions for enhanced tissue repair.", "C": "The biomaterial is a non-porous metal that provides long-term structural support.", ...
multiple-choice
validation_932
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tmea3IUevK0
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_tissue", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogel" ], "rationale": "The procedure in the video in...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biomedical_Engineering/26.mp4
Which of the following properties does the injected material in the video have?
videos/Biomedical_Engineering/26.mp4
{ "A": "myasthenia gravis", "B": "Corneal Ulcer", "C": "Optic Neuritis", "D": "glaucoma", "E": "iridocyclitis" }
multiple-choice
validation_933
A
https://youtu.be/jwy41Q6A2rU?si=zinbHGICByKSpCYE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myasthenia_gravis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuromuscular_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocular_myasthenia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptosis_(eyelid)" ], "rationale": "The video shows that it is an eye-related disease, and thro...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/26.mp4
Based on the content in the video, guess what disease the patient is most likely to suffer from
videos/Basic_Medicine/26.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_934
Tensilon
https://youtu.be/jwy41Q6A2rU?si=zinbHGICByKSpCYE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholinesterase_inhibitor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensilon_test", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptosis_(eyelid)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edrophonium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myasthenia_gravis" ], "rationale": "The v...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Basic_Medicine/26.mp4
The test is known as the **__________** test.
videos/Basic_Medicine/26.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_935
independent
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDWRxLcvCUo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimeter", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_(probability_theory)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_variable" ], "rationale": "The video shows the changes of the screen, which dis...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/24.mp4
Based on the voltage reading histogram displayed by the multimeter, the voltage readings can be considered a ______ random variable.
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/24.mp4
{ "A": "reversibility", "B": "linearity", "C": "monotonicity", "D": "consistency", "E": "independency" }
multiple-choice
validation_936
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDWRxLcvCUo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_(electronics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_noise", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_normal_distribution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncorrelatedness_(probability_theory)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/24.mp4
When added a noise signal of the same type, what property is to be followed?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/24.mp4
{ "A": "The voltage fluctuations are deterministic, and the histogram follows a uniform distribution due to the instrument's resolution limit.", "B": "The voltage fluctuations are due to quantization error, and the histogram follows a Poisson distribution because of discrete measurement levels.", "C": "The voltag...
multiple-choice
validation_937
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IDWRxLcvCUo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_limit_theorem", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histogram", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noise_(electronics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaussian_noise", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution" ], "rationale": "The video...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Electronics_and_Communication/24.mp4
Which of the following best explains the statistical behavior observed in the measurements?
videos/Electronics_and_Communication/24.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_938
Dijkstra's algorithm
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LOAlWaqEWVE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dijkstra%27s_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortest_path_problem", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greedy_algorithm" ], "rationale": "The impleme...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/47.mp4
The algorithm demonstrated in the video is called _________.
videos/Computer_Science/47.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_939
The Big Bang
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNDGgL73ihY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_cosmology" ], "rationale": "In the video, the entire universe is expanding from a very small portion to a much larger scale within a short period of time. Therefore, the video illustrates the Big Bang Theory...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/4.mp4
The video illustrates the concept of _______.
videos/Astronomy/4.mp4
{ "A": "Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation", "B": "The Big Bang", "C": "Kepler's laws", "D": "General Theory of Relativity", "E": "Gravitational Waves" }
multiple-choice
validation_940
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNDGgL73ihY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_relativity", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepler%27s_laws_of_planetary_motion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_cosmology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang", "https://e...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/4.mp4
Which of the following concepts is illustrated in the video?
videos/Astronomy/4.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_941
lunar eclipse
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnZ3dogED7w
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_eclipse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System" ], "rationale": "At the beginning of the video, the Moon is located between the Sun and the Earth along the line connecting them. Then, the Moon orbits aro...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/5.mp4
The video shows the process of _______ phenomenon.
videos/Astronomy/5.mp4
{ "A": "Supermoon", "B": "Changing of lunar phases", "C": "Solar eclipse", "D": "Lunar eclipse", "E": "Tidal locking" }
multiple-choice
validation_942
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnZ3dogED7w
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermoon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_locking", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_eclipse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_phase" ], "rati...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/5.mp4
Which of the following phenomenons is being shown in the video?
videos/Astronomy/5.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_943
lunar eclipse
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnZ3dogED7w
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apsis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_eclipse" ], "rationale": "In the video, the Sun, Earth, and Moon are exactly or ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/5.mp4
The video shows the process of _______ phenomenon.
videos/Astronomy/5.mp4
{ "A": "Total lunar eclipse", "B": "Partial lunar eclipse", "C": "Supermoon", "D": "Total solar eclipse", "E": "Partial solar eclipse" }
multiple-choice
validation_944
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnZ3dogED7w
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermoon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apsis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_eclipse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_eclipse" ], "rationale":...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/5.mp4
Which of the following phenomenons can people on the earth see in the video?
videos/Astronomy/5.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_945
Waning Gibbous
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mQwvHn_qkBA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_phase" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates the process of the lunar phases changing. It shows the transition from a new moon to a full moon. According to the pat...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/6.mp4
The next coming phase is _______.
videos/Astronomy/6.mp4
{ "A": "Waxing gibbous", "B": "Full moon", "C": "Waning gibbous", "D": "Last quarter", "E": "Waning crescent" }
multiple-choice
validation_946
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mQwvHn_qkBA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_System", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_phase" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates the process of the lunar phases changing. It shows the transition from a new moon to a full moon. According to the pat...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/6.mp4
Which of the following phases is the next phase in the video?
videos/Astronomy/6.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_947
gravitational microlensing
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmpJUbfPE3g
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_microlensing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caustic_(optics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_lens" ], "rationale": "The video shows the simulation that light falls in the image...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/7.mp4
The phenomenon in the video is called _______.
videos/Astronomy/7.mp4
{ "A": "Gravitational microlensing", "B": "Tidal Disruption Events (TDEs)", "C": "Supernova", "D": "Variable Stars", "E": "Solar eclipse" }
multiple-choice
validation_948
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bmpJUbfPE3g
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_microlensing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Variable_star", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tidal_disruption_event", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caustic_(optics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernova", "https://en.wikipedia...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/7.mp4
Which of the following describes the phenomenon shown in the video?
videos/Astronomy/7.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_949
transit photometry
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ebAkmxH_p8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_detecting_exoplanets" ], "rationale": "The shown method detects exoplanets by observing the slight dimming of a star's light when the planet passes between the star and the observer. The process highly aligns with the method of transit photometry", ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/8.mp4
The utilized method in the video is called _______.
videos/Astronomy/8.mp4
{ "A": "Gravitational microlensing", "B": "Transit photometry", "C": "Radial velocity method", "D": "Pulsar timing", "E": "Relativistic beaming" }
multiple-choice
validation_950
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ebAkmxH_p8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_microlensing", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doppler_spectroscopy", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_detecting_exoplanets" ], "rationale": "The shown method detects exoplanets by observing the slight dimming of a star's light when...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Astronomy/8.mp4
Which of the following methods is utilized in the video?
videos/Astronomy/8.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_951
orthodontic (maxillofacial)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhi4lQJlvhw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_and_maxillofacial_surgery", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstructive_surgery" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates an orthodontic or maxillofacial treatment, specifically showing braces being applied to a set of teeth. The blue lines represent th...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/5.mp4
The video illustrates the process of _______ surgery.
videos/Dentistry/5.mp4
{ "A": "Tooth extraction", "B": "Maxillofacial surgery", "C": "Root canal surgery", "D": "Periodontal surgery", "E": "Gum contouring or gingivectomy" }
multiple-choice
validation_952
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhi4lQJlvhw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_extraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_and_maxillofacial_surgery", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstructive_surgery" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates an orthodontic or maxillofacial treatment, specifically showing braces being...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/5.mp4
Which of the following surgeries is demonstrated in the video?
videos/Dentistry/5.mp4
{ "A": "Severe tooth decay", "B": "Periodontitis", "C": "Damaged tooth pulp", "D": "Jaw misalignment", "E": "Excess or diseased gum tissue" }
multiple-choice
validation_953
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jhi4lQJlvhw
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_extraction", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oral_and_maxillofacial_surgery", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconstructive_surgery" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates an orthodontic or maxillofacial treatment, specifically showing braces being...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/5.mp4
Which condition is the surgery in the video intended to treat?
videos/Dentistry/5.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_954
root canal surgery
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81qSdFYKRcc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulp_(tooth)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_canal_treatment" ], "rationale": "The video demonstrates a tooth with decay starting from the crown (black part) and gradually spreading to the pulp, eventually causing the entire pulp to be damaged. In this...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/6.mp4
The shown disease requires _______ surgery for effective treatment.
videos/Dentistry/6.mp4
{ "A": "Dental filling", "B": "Crown placement", "C": "Periodontal therapy", "D": "Apicoectomy", "E": "root canal surgery" }
multiple-choice
validation_955
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=81qSdFYKRcc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulp_(tooth)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_canal_treatment" ], "rationale": "The video demonstrates a tooth with decay starting from the crown (black part) and gradually spreading to the pulp, eventually causing the entire pulp to be damaged. In this...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/6.mp4
The shown disease requires a(n) _______ surgery for effective treatment.
videos/Dentistry/6.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_956
1961
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BeInhB4THqM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_War", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Wall", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II" ], "rationale": "The video features scenes of Germany being divided into East Berlin and West Berlin, along with Cold War-era photographs, indicating tha...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/0.mp4
The building in the video was built in ____ and has important historical and political significance.
videos/History/0.mp4
{ "A": "The start of the Korean War", "B": "The construction of the Berlin Wall", "C": "The signing of the Treaty of Versailles", "D": "The establishment of NATO", "E": "The fall of the Soviet Union" }
multiple-choice
validation_957
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BeInhB4THqM
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_period_and_cessation_of_the_existence_of_the_Soviet_Union", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Versailles", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_War", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_Wall", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NATO"...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/0.mp4
The building shown in the video represents a significant historical and political symbol. Based on its construction year, what major event was it directly associated with?
videos/History/0.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_958
New Kingdom
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08D9d5TUJI8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomb_of_Tutankhamun", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mask_of_Tutankhamun", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" ], "rationale": "The video showcases artifacts from ancient Egypt, such as ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/1.mp4
Based on the artifacts shown in the video, it can be determined that the exhibition represents the ____ period.
videos/History/1.mp4
{ "A": "Old Kingdom", "B": "Middle Kingdom", "C": "New Kingdom", "D": "Predynastic Period", "E": "First Intermediate Period" }
multiple-choice
validation_959
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=08D9d5TUJI8
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Kingdom_of_Egypt", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomb_of_Tutankhamun", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mask_of_Tutankhamu...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/1.mp4
The objects shown in the video indicate that they come from a certain historical period, judging by their artistic style and cultural connotations. Which period does the exhibition most likely represent?
videos/History/1.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_960
French Revolution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PUm6baIEEcU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancien_r%C3%A9gime", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estates_of_the_realm" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates how changes in people’s worldvie...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/2.mp4
The animation depicts a series of historical phenomena. Following these events, the most likely major historical event to occur is the ____.
videos/History/2.mp4
{ "A": "The American Revolution", "B": "The Glorious Revolution", "C": "The French Revolution", "D": "The Industrial Revolution", "E": "The Napoleonic Wars" }
multiple-choice
validation_961
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PUm6baIEEcU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glorious_Revolution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancien_r%C3%A9gime", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars", "https://en.wik...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/2.mp4
The historical transformations depicted suggest increasing societal tensions driven by economic and ideological shifts. Which major event most likely followed?
videos/History/2.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_962
Battle of Mylae
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RT7nFdc4ey4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Punic_War", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Republic", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carthage", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Messana", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mylae", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/3.mp4
Based on the war map shown in the video, one year after the final battle, the ____, a famous naval battle with a profound impact on the war, took place.
videos/History/3.mp4
{ "A": "Battle of Mylae", "B": "Battle of Salamis", "C": "Battle of Trafalgar", "D": "Battle of Midway", "E": "Battle of Tsushima" }
multiple-choice
validation_963
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RT7nFdc4ey4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Punic_War", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Trafalgar", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Salamis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Midway", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Mylae", "https://en.wikipedia.org...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/3.mp4
The war map in the animation illustrates a prolonged conflict culminating in a decisive battle. One year after this final battle, which significant naval engagement took place, altering the course of the war?
videos/History/3.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_964
Black Death
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aohtpgyae4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Death", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visconti_of_Milan" ], "rationale": "The video illustrates the spread of the Black Death across Europe from 1346 to 1353. Most regions turn orange, indicating widesp...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/4.mp4
The video argues that one of the most underrated causes of the Renaissance was the __________, which unexpectedly made Italy an intellectual and financial center.
videos/History/4.mp4
{ "A": "The Hundred Years’ War", "B": "The Fall of Constantinople", "C": "The Black Death", "D": "The Protestant Reformation", "E": "The Reconquista" }
multiple-choice
validation_965
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5aohtpgyae4
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years%27_War", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconquista", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reformation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Death", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fall_of_Cons...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/History/4.mp4
The animation highlights a historical crrisis that unexpectedly contributed to a region’s economic and intellectual rise. Which event played this role?
videos/History/4.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_966
three
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QehcCsqQONk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_(dental_restoration)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abutment_(dentistry)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_implant" ], "rationale": "The video shows a dental implant surgery. Under normal circumstances, it is typically performed in three st...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/7.mp4
As of 2024, according to modern medical technology and protocols, the surgical procedure shown in the video is typically completed in ______ stages.
videos/Dentistry/7.mp4
{ "A": "one", "B": "two", "C": "three", "D": "four", "E": "five" }
multiple-choice
validation_967
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QehcCsqQONk
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_(dental_restoration)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abutment_(dentistry)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_implant" ], "rationale": "The video shows a dental implant surgery. Under normal circumstances, it is typically performed in three st...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/7.mp4
Based on current medical advancements, the type of surgical procedure depicted is typically performed in multiple stages to ensure optimal integration and function. How many stages does this procedure usually involve?
videos/Dentistry/7.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_968
root canal treatment
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/kLxqINKs-EI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_(dental_restoration)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_emergency", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_canal_treatment" ], "rationale": "The video demonstrates the complete process of root canal treatment, including pulpotomy and drainage, ro...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/8.mp4
Based on the surgical procedure shown in the video, it can be inferred that it demonstrates a complete _____.
videos/Dentistry/8.mp4
{ "A": "Tooth extraction", "B": "Root canal treatment", "C": "Dental implant placement", "D": "Gingival graft surgery", "E": "Orthodontic bracket bonding" }
multiple-choice
validation_969
B
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/kLxqINKs-EI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_canal_treatment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthodontics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingival_grafting", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_(dental_restoration)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_emergency", "https://en.wiki...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/8.mp4
The surgical procedure depicted involves multiple steps. Based on the video, what type of dental treatment does the video most likely demonstrate?
videos/Dentistry/8.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_970
rubber dam sheet
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LB3g3-ekfpc
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dental_dam", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_canal_treatment" ], "rationale": "The tool in the video isolates the surgical area from other regions, ensuring safety during dental procedures. The square-shaped, deep blue, elastic material is a rubber dam s...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Dentistry/9.mp4
In the surgical procedure shown in the video, the square-shaped tool is a ______, which plays a crucial role during the procedure.
videos/Dentistry/9.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_971
cross-contamination
https://youtu.be/ZJGNFg6ccYM?si=MS3Z0Jir3s895zee
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patient_safety", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contamination", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_delivery", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transdermal_patch" ], "rationale": "The nurse sanitizes he...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/30.mp4
The movement of the lady on the left at the beginning of the video is to prevent ______.
videos/Pharmacy/30.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_972
thrombocytopenia
https://youtu.be/SZdGiUwJyx4?si=FjJ82uKz72YimePt
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmodium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thrombocytopenia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dentistry", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiarrhythmic_agent", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinidine" ], "rationale": "It is clearly visible that ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/3.mp4
A medication used to treat arrhythmias, which has historically also been used to treat the disease shown in the video, may cause __________, increasing surgical risks in dental procedures.
videos/Pharmacy/3.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_973
Cycloplegia
https://youtu.be/iMG99aJ0V2c?si=aaAXVPeStRbTf5nU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscarinic_antagonist", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycloplegia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accommodation_reflex", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciliary_muscle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholinergic_blocking_drug" ], "rationale": "...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/8.mp4
Based on a certain toxin that causes the regulatory paralysis shown in the video, it is known as **______**.
videos/Pharmacy/8.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_974
Antibiotic stewardship
https://youtu.be/kFejLiVUlKk?si=7Rsfy1YjqvJQxHQ-
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibiotic_use_in_livestock", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_resistance", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial_stewardship", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_resistance" ], "rationale": "The visuals of a human head and a chic...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/31.mp4
What is the term for the process of co-ordination of efforts to change the poor outcomes in the video?
videos/Pharmacy/31.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_975
Dihydrotestosterone
https://youtu.be/jeyscV9U2oE?si=rUn4r2KnwRqio5_B
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrotestosterone", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_hair_loss", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_follicle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testosterone" ], "rationale": "The video’s focus on h...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/20.mp4
The androgen that causes the condition in the video to occur in men is **________**.
videos/Pharmacy/20.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_976
first-pass
https://youtu.be/ZJGNFg6ccYM?si=MS3Z0Jir3s895zee
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacokinetics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Route_of_administration", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_pass_effect", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transdermal_patch", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioavailability" ], "rationale": "The...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/21.mp4
According to the video describing the process, the drug can bypass _____ metabolism, thereby increasing its systemic bioavailability.
videos/Pharmacy/21.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_977
xerostomia
https://youtu.be/C84anUW0k0A?si=pz64AnjuzgEXO_Cf
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xerostomia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diuretic" ], "rationale": "The video demonstrates the formation of urine. Drugs that enhance this process are diuretic...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/10.mp4
For the biological process shown in the video, if a drug can enhance this entire process, the most common oral side effect for dentists to consider is ______.
videos/Biology/10.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_978
sucralfate
https://youtu.be/aDKgs5qyC_Y?si=znt6Jw6pKIO_5lYT
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antacid", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-pump_inhibitor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H2_receptor_antagonist", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroesophageal_reflux_disease", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perforated_ulcer" ], "rationa...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/32.mp4
What is the most likely drug shown in the video?
videos/Pharmacy/32.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_979
Secretory
https://youtu.be/kvQZA7EWwmk?si=DnF2DEL4zn0JlLzJ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progesterone", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endometrium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryo_transfer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luteal_support" ], "rationale": "The video shows an embryo transfer procedure where embryos are introduced int...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/29.mp4
During the video, it should be ensured that the patient's endometrium is in the **_______** stage.
videos/Pharmacy/29.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_980
laryngoscope
https://youtu.be/8AOB2PtHfVM?si=euWzeT11MptX7SE5
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tracheal_intubation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airway_management", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngoscopy" ], "rationale": "During preparation for general anesthesia shown in the video, a laryngoscope aids in endotracheal intubation to secure ...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/34.mp4
In the clinical procedure shown in the video, the black instrument held by the doctor is a ______.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/34.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_981
4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TnJL_8ZVbTI
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_segregation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_division", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telophase", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaphase" ], "rationale": "During telophase of mitosis, eac...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/35.mp4
During the cell division process shown in the animation, the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell after division is __.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/35.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_982
cutting fluid (coolant)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pp2-6Z7pY60
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coolant", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutting_fluid" ], "rationale": "The video displays cutting fluid, or coolant used in CNC machining, which can reduce the temperature of the workpiece", "subject": "Mechanical Engineering", "textbook": "Marks' Stan...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/32.mp4
The fluid in the video is called _________.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/32.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_983
left rotation
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9SaX0yeneU&t=141s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%E2%80%93black_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_rotation", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree" ], "rationale": "To restore the Red-Black tree properties af...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/48.mp4
After inserting the node with value 49 as the right child of node 47 in the Red-Black tree shown in the video, which type of rotation is required to restore the tree properties?
videos/Computer_Science/48.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_984
double-blind
https://youtu.be/U-Oc1bCeaW0?si=ob9yoUKITi7JvP9D
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blinded_experiment", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placebo-controlled_study", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_trial" ], "rationale": "The video depicts a clinical trial scenario where both the patient and the researcher are blindfolded, symboliz...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Pharmacy/4.mp4
In clinical trials, as depicted by the doctor and patient in the video, the study is referred to as a **______** trial.
videos/Pharmacy/4.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_985
n
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UU5QAJ1XMqQ
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(computer_science)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_search" ], "rationale": "In a sequential search (linear search), each element is checked until the target is found. With six platfor...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/49.mp4
Suppose there are n elements here. The maximum number of comparisons needed to find the target using the shown algorithm is ____.
videos/Computer_Science/49.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_986
negative feedback
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_sUXG1RHHM&t=60s
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocrine_system", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic%E2%80%93pituitary%E2%80%93adrenal_axis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_hormones", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negative_feedback", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyrotropin-re...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/36.mp4
As shown in the video, this biological mechanism is referred to as a ________ mechanism.
videos/Clinical_Medicine/36.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_987
distance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TS0zw1ecy6A
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_field", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speeds_and_feeds", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Length_measurement" ], "rationale": "In the app's *Magnetic ruler* menu, the variable **dx** adjusted by a sliding scale represents the known distance betwe...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/33.mp4
In the app's *Magnetic ruler* menu, the variable **dx** adjusted using the sliding scale represents the known _______ between magnets.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/33.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_988
combustion (power)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcsY6ozkcSs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_engineering", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-stroke_engine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_Power_Stroke_engine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnot_cycle" ], "ra...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/34.mp4
When the engine cylinder glows yellow in the visualization, this phase corresponds to the **_____** stroke in the four-stroke engine cycle.
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/34.mp4
{ "A": "", "B": "", "C": "", "D": "", "E": "" }
open-ended
validation_989
breadth-first search
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lF07vc_X9hE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_traversal", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadth-first_search", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flood_fill" ], "rationale": "The flood fill a...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/50.mp4
The traversal method used by the flood fill algorithm is **(____)**.
videos/Computer_Science/50.mp4
{ "A": "HLA-B27", "B": "HLA-DQ2/DQ8", "C": "HLA-A3", "D": "HLA-DR3/DR4", "E": "HLA-DR5" }
multiple-choice
validation_990
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eZ_70H9n7uE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR3", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DR4", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_leukocyte_antigen", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_1_diabetes", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_disease" ], "rationale": "The video shows T cel...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/37.mp4
Based on the provided clinical information and diagram, which of the following HLA haplotypes is most strongly associated with this patient's condition?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/37.mp4
{ "A": "Centrifugal pump", "B": "Axial-flow fan", "C": "Rotary screw compressor", "D": "Hydraulic turbine", "E": "Pulse jet engine" }
multiple-choice
validation_991
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4Lj0z5x_QE
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_Engines", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propulsion", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsejet", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_engine" ], "rationale": "A jellyfish's locomoti...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/7.mp4
Which of the following devices employs the similar mechanism demonstrated in the video?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/7.mp4
{ "A": "0", "B": "1", "C": "2", "D": "3", "E": "4" }
multiple-choice
validation_992
C
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-QENN_5jVag
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-balancing_binary_search_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVL_tree", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_structure", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_rotation" ], "rationale": "After...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/51.mp4
After inserting 75, 83, and 61, how many rotations will occur in the tree structure to rebalance?
videos/Computer_Science/51.mp4
{ "A": "0", "B": "1", "C": "2", "D": "3", "E": "4" }
multiple-choice
validation_993
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ozo0-lx_PMA
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_paper_scissors", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_robot", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_vision", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tie_(draw)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_theory" ], "rationale": "In the Rock-Paper-Sci...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/35.mp4
How many rounds ended in a tie?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/35.mp4
{ "A": "The speedometer will read a higher speed than the actual speed because the larger wheels cause the cable to rotate faster.", "B": "The speedometer will display the same speed as before, but the actual vehicle speed will be higher for the same reading due to the increased wheel circumference.", "C": "The s...
multiple-choice
validation_994
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rWWBo9NF3wo
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_speed_sensor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tire", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speedometer", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddy_current" ], "rationale": "Increasing wheel diameter without adjusting the speedometer configuration results in...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/36.mp4
If a vehicle's wheel diameter is increased without altering the speedometer configuration, how does this modification affect the speedometer reading and why?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/36.mp4
{ "A": "Pulley", "B": "Crank", "C": "Gear System", "D": "Wheel and Axle", "E": "Lever" }
multiple-choice
validation_995
A
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IuEHiGHzr3U
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclined_plane", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lever", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheel_and_axle", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_machine", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulley" ], "rationale": "In the video, the manual drill bit use...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Mechanical_Engineering/37.mp4
Which kind of machine structure is not used in the video?
videos/Mechanical_Engineering/37.mp4
{ "A": "ox-tox hypothesis", "B": "endosymbiosis hypothesis", "C": "fusion hypothesis", "D": "autogenous hypothesis", "E": "hydrogen hypothesis" }
multiple-choice
validation_996
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2vpkOvlZJqs
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiosis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbiogenesis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrion" ], "rationale": "The video shows the endosymbiosis hypothesis of the origin of mitochondria. the ances...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Biology/6.mp4
What hypothesis does the video elaborate on mitochondria's origin?
videos/Biology/6.mp4
{ "A": "Secretion of hormones", "B": "Filtration function", "C": "Ion exchange regulation", "D": "Reabsorption function", "E": "Regulation of blood pressure" }
multiple-choice
validation_997
B
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oKCmtTUFHuY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerular_filtration_rate", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_physiology", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerulus_(kidney)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reabsorption" ], "rationale": "The video shows the process of blood passing through the...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Clinical_Medicine/27.mp4
What is the function of the kidney shown in the video?
videos/Clinical_Medicine/27.mp4
{ "A": "3", "B": "6", "C": "4", "D": "8", "E": "5" }
multiple-choice
validation_998
D
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVpXrbZ4bnU
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave_function_collapse", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger%27s_cat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observer_effect_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_(physics)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics" ], "ra...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Modern_Physics/2.mp4
How many spins collapses their wave functions under the observation of the cat?
videos/Modern_Physics/2.mp4
{ "A": "Floyd-Warshall algorithm", "B": "Dijkstra algorithm", "C": "Kruskal's algorithm", "D": "Prim's algorithm", "E": "Bellman-Ford algorithm" }
multiple-choice
validation_999
E
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l4-L1fMKaTY
{ "knowledge": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bellman%E2%80%93Ford_algorithm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_sorting", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortest_path_problem", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graph_theory" ], "rationale": "The video shows the first iteration of the Bell...
https://huggingface.co/datasets/yale-nlp/MMVU/resolve/main/videos/Computer_Science/7.mp4
What algorithm may the video be introducing
videos/Computer_Science/7.mp4