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f66936614eb0c174aaf196f5acbfe9fefdfd0547 | subsection | 65 | 239 | Injection Transfer Line | LINAC2 injects protons into the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB) via the LT/LTB/BI transfer line, which passes close to the Proton Synchrotron (PS) ion injection region in sector 42. The injection of ions into LEIR is made via a 180\displaystyle ^ ITE turnaround loop into the bi-directional ETL transfer line, which is ... | {
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58acdbc93a2b0a1cdf7eb6e609f1eb9fd7086a3a | subsection | 66 | 239 | Requirements and constraints | Transfer of the ions from LINAC5 to LEIR is required for BioLEIR, using as far as possible the existing infrastructure. The main parameters of the beams to be transported from LINAC5 to LEIR are given in table REF .
[Table: Main beam parameters for the LEIR injection beamline.]Optically, the transport and matching are ... | {
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8e7b12600fd0323a4aed066915dfbad87423ceca | subsection | 67 | 239 | Injection line from LINAC5 to LEIR | The possibility to inject protons into the Low Energy Antiproton Ring (LEAR) from LINAC2 existed in the past, using the short section of transfer line (E0) linking LT and the ITE line at the level of the 180\displaystyle ^ turnaround loop. The elements of this short, unused E0 section line have been decommissioned and ... | {
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407d7b96a58bb55ea4a364e3d360f3379db8c5de | subsection | 68 | 239 | Injection line from LINAC5 to LEIR | This 10 Hz version of the MAXIIDSCAP power converter is currently in use in the LINAC3 machine.Common use of this section of line may prove to be operationally very limiting, as it couples the operation of LINAC4 for protons to LINAC5 producing ions for BioLEIR. Further study is needed to decide whether the above propo... | {
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352aa81ae797f4cf616b4d2e86dfdc8715834341 | subsection | 69 | 239 | Ion stripping and filtering | A stripping foil is needed in the injection line to partially strip the 4.2 MeV/u ions. This can be based on the same stripper design as the one for LINAC3 or very similar, i.e. 75 \displaystyle \mu g/cm\displaystyle ^3 of Carbon. For beam purity and characterisation, a downstream dogleg is probably required with a sp... | {
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... | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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45bcc1a5b13e13662fd56c38d7e67caa31c66dba | subsection | 70 | 239 | Beam instrumentation | The injection lines ITE, ETL (which is also used for ejection to the PS) and EI are equipped with current transformers for intensity measurement and scintillating screens for beam position and size measurement.A total of 10 screens and their associated cameras (MTVs) are installed in the LEIR transfer lines. Seven are ... | {
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921bc9e1cc5157e66755eb3747ecce5177a76305 | subsection | 71 | 239 | Beam instrumentation | A voltage of a few hundred volts applied to the top and bottom copper layers causes an electric field that focuses in the centre of these holes where it is just as strong as close to the wires of a wire chamber. Ionisation electrons enter the holes from one side, are multiplied inside the holes, and then exit on the ot... | {
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577bf2c0112c960a0306d9e58acc8ec78e059759 | subsection | 72 | 239 | Potential risks and remaining conceptual issues | The estimates are based only on a preliminary analysis without any actual design of the beamline. The main technical challenge is the conversion of part of the LT line to a PPM line, able to change polarity rapidly, which may not be feasible and which might need a 20 m section of new transfer line to be designed and bu... | {
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72c03cdd3c0266baa7c347e60e4c15620da0caef | subsection | 73 | 239 | Potential risks and remaining conceptual issues | LEAR has already operated with slow extraction in the past, and no major issues are expected for BioLEIR.Apart from the element design and the associated integration, especially for the vertical beamline, the main unresolved technical issue appears to be the required uniformity at the target, which is strongly linked t... | {
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737cf0ac0b4c39031d6a9d3d9db6e8156db99ab0 | subsection | 74 | 239 | LEIR description | The LEIR synchrotron has a circumference of about 80 m and is composed of four 13 m-long straight sections (SS) numbered 10 to 40 and four 90\displaystyle ^ bending magnets, as shown in figure REF .
[Figure: Schematic view of LEIR and the adjacent areas with possible locations for experimental end-stations .]One of the... | {
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e30b06bed28bdb974ecb2cfdf81f8b1c6a54e8a3 | subsection | 75 | 239 | LEIR beam dynamics | The LEIR cycle presently used for filling the LHC with Lead ion beams has a length of 3.6 s (figure REF ). In this scheme, seven long, low-intensity pulses of Lead ions at 4.2 MeV/u from the linear accelerator LINAC3. These pulses are spaced by 200 ms, are accumulated in LEIR, by alternating a special stacking mechanis... | {
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0b22a6015ca55143a039803813b4b497c2cca5da | subsection | 76 | 239 | Coupling due to the electron cooler and its compensation | The electron cooler strongly reduces the phase space volume of the injected beam, slightly decelerates the beam and adds it to the stack sitting at a slightly lower energy. Once seven LINAC3 pulses are accumulated and cooled, electron cooling is stopped. Electron cooling rate measurements showed that betatron functions... | {
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ec5999c28064a967b6125fc0b85e467741c8b774 | subsection | 77 | 239 | Beam instrumentation in the LEIR ring | The LEIR ring is equipped with a ”semi-fast” transformer measuring the intensity during multi-turn injection into the machine and a DC current transformer providing intensity measurement all along the accelerating cycle. The semi-fast transformer can measure every injection pulse (200 \displaystyle \mu s) with a droop ... | {
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b13f79d510ed06434c053f60adb6e3cdf41a02de | subsection | 78 | 239 | Power converter upgrade for the LEIR accelerator magnets | The current power supply and water cooling of the main bending magnets limits LEIR operation to beam rigidities of 4.8 T.m. However, their design limit is 6.7 Tm. For fully stripped Carbon ions, this corresponds to maximal beam energies of 246 MeV/u and 444 MeV/u, respectively.A desired ion energy in LEIR of 440 MeV/u ... | {
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00d97f872c970f624b3d15e8fef325b63c207c0d | subsection | 79 | 239 | List of outstanding topics to be investigated at LEIR | Several aspects of LEIR operations shall be further investigated in a next stage of the BioLEIR project. They are listed here below:Efficiency and stability of the injection system from LINAC3/5 to LEIR.
Intensity and stability for different ion species in LEIR.
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28ac3759fa0587b439d2b41aff345897c0b2d98c | subsection | 80 | 239 | Beam Extraction from LEIR to BioLEIR | Slow extraction from LEIR to the experimental facility is required to provide the flexibility to accommodate the demanded variety of extracted beam characteristics, as detailed in table REF . New electrostatic and magnetic septa are needed in SS30 to accomplish the extraction, two new bumper magnets are needed for the ... | {
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a80b37b95a78e49d75bc15ab0d240dda9d192ec4 | subsection | 81 | 239 | Extraction mechanisms | The horizontal phase space is distorted by excitation of correctly chosen sextupole lenses to a characteristic triangular shape (figure REF ) when the machine tune is close to a third-integer. The existing LEIR pole-face winding sextupoles can be used to generate this excitation. Particles outside the central triangula... | {
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4dadca103fedb978b348386040c39b8f931e825c | subsection | 82 | 239 | Machine lattice | The most suitable optical configuration is a working point similar to the present LEIR working point for LHC operation , at 5/3 horizontal resonant tune and around 2.735 vertical tune. The horizontal ring optic functions are shown in figure REF . Assuming a reasonable virtual normalized sextupole strength of S \display... | {
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a78c080cd5ee9b81b2e872a9cc260f92a992e4a0 | subsection | 83 | 239 | Closed orbit bumpers | An orbit bump in SS30 is needed. The maximum bump needed to extract a beam with horizontal (geometric) emittance of 20 \displaystyle \pi .mm.mrad is 40 mm. For a normalized emittance of 0.9 \displaystyle \pi .mm.mrad the configuration corresponds to extracting a beam of 35 MeV/u, assuming a 2.5 \displaystyle \sigma bea... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
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"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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4aeeae3c0d317d709a1e8ad37867725cbbffb184 | subsection | 84 | 239 | Extraction septa | The electrostatic septum (ES) previously used in LEAR (SEH11) is still available and could be reinstalled. It can create a minimum orbit separation of 10.2 mm between the circulating beam and the extracted particles at the entrance of the first magnetic septum (MST). The presence of the fast extraction kicker in this s... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
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736414b78dfbc8c61f6753f46893570b97d20e65 | subsection | 85 | 239 | Extraction instrumentation | Transverse diagnostics are needed at least at the entrance of the ES and MST, to be able to verify the profile and absolute position of the extracted beam separatrix, and to locate the extreme edge of the circulating beam. Given the low particle fluxes, these could be based on scintillating screens or Multi-Wire Propor... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
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8232817d39a176cbc40d8f9f5214bb5184d58c62 | subsection | 86 | 239 | Powering cycle and power converters | The septum magnets can be pulsed for energy economy, with a ramp-up/down time of the order of 1s and a flat-top length of 1-10 s. Fast changes of strength during an extraction are not considered. The minimum repetition period for the longest spill is 13.2 s. The power supply for the electrostatic septum is part of the ... | {
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"raw": "M. Chanel, A. Lang, P. Mann, F. Rhner, and P. Zettwoch. Sextupole and dipolar pole face windings at LEAR. (CERN-PS-90-32-AR):4 p, June, 1990. http://cds.cern.ch/record/209773.",
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2a191949c6a8738319d506429c78962aa0f6c15b | subsection | 87 | 239 | Powering cycle and power converters | For the powering of the quadrupoles, further optimization of the matching of the converter and magnet designs could allow the use of a single COMET module (instead of two in parallel). If this option turns out to be feasible, it would lead to significant cost reduction.For the powering of the corrector magnets, CANCUN5... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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fdf018f055cd2909e9cca11f7de0bd7b2f426356 | subsection | 88 | 239 | Supports and alignment | Dedicated septa magnet support structures have to be designed and manufactured, that allow the magnets to be withdrawn from the ring without losing their alignment. This feature is needed in case of a machine bake-out or for coil maintenance. The structures can be based on the design made for the ELENA injection septum... | {
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"raw": "A. Parfenova, J. Bauche, M. A. Fraser, B. Goddard, M. Martino, and D. Voulot. HIE-ISOLDE HEBT beam optics studies with MADX. March, 2014. https://cds.cern.ch/record/1690026.",
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8448784d519f1d6577ae456cd974b1324d36777e | subsection | 89 | 239 | Cooling requirements | For both septa magnets, a dedicated cooling water manifold needs to be installed, that distributes the cooling water to the magnet coils and electrical connections. The flow meters and electro-valves are also installed on this manifold. The installed water cooling power for the septa needs to be at least 110 kW.The pow... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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b373813872cff3b8306e48f404a2f9a179c6f14e | subsection | 90 | 239 | Layout and aperture | The integration of the extraction septa into SS30 looks feasible with the specified strength and physical element lengths as shown in figure REF .
[Figure: Location of new extraction elements in SS30.]The beampipe from the ES through the quadrupole-sextupole doublet (aperture: \displaystyle \pm 72.5 m) and KFH31 (apert... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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416683198f268ab77006b93152cda3cec0840b33 | subsection | 91 | 239 | Quadrupole driven extraction | For a quadrupole-driven (Q-D) slow extraction the tune is dynamically moved towards the third integer resonance and high emittance particles are extracted before low emittance ones, and, for a given emittance, different momenta are extracted at different times. It is foreseen to use the five quadrupole families of LEIR... | {
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"raw": "V. Kain, K. Cornelis, and E. Enger. New Spill Control for the Slow Extraction in the Multi-Cycling SPS. (TUPMR051):3 p, 2016. https://cds.cern.ch/record/2207355.",
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ed36589961cbea91f22978a03fd96dffc2bce7f7 | subsection | 92 | 239 | RF knock-out extraction | For RF knock-out (RF-KO) extraction, the emittance of the beam is increased such that particles gradually exceed the stability limit. Transverse kicks of a few \displaystyle \mu rad are needed, which could be provided by the existing damper in combination with appropriate signal generators. Assuming an RMS white noise ... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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ce067938404a159c6512448b7dd649fc143a20cb | subsection | 93 | 239 | Beamlines to the BioLEIR Experimental Area | Two horizontal and one vertical experimental beamlines are foreseen, see chapter . The vertical beamline is designed for maximum 75 MeV/u, while the horizontal beamlines should deliver up to 440 MeV/u (all energies are kinetic, and quoted for \displaystyle ^{12}C\displaystyle ^{6+}). The beamline minimum full aperture ... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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64660254546ce2d9e4a3dc1c04169bb0596f27fb | subsection | 94 | 239 | Transfer line design | The proposed layout permits installation of the vertical beamline at the location of maximum available vertical space while respecting existing building walls. | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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43d0cde7af5844af7a4e87d3e5fa646b4c5b700a | subsection | 95 | 239 | Dipole and quadrupole magnets | The lines have been designed using 'sector' bends, where the beam enters the dipole perpendicular to the pole face, but in reality curved parallel face dipoles are preferred with a 'natural' pole-face rotation of half the bending angle in the bending plane. The gap field is 1.5 T for both the vertical and horizontal di... | {
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002a99ed9ddbb2cdca84a6f2897f4f30359bfc3c | subsection | 96 | 239 | Trajectory correction | Trajectory correction has not been studied but some basic estimates for the numbers and strengths of the correctors have been extrapolated from other projects, see e.g. . From this, a tentative specification of 0.02 Tm per corrector is proposed, giving a 3 mrad deflection. A dual-plane corrector is proposed at each qua... | {
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6610dfadecfc2fd87e8e0dec75a3a763a77f5c2a | subsection | 97 | 239 | Scattering foil and beam size at target | A thin scattering foil is foreseen after the triplet quadrupole in the first common beamline, to transform the extracted 'bar of charge' generated by the slow extraction process into an approximately Gaussian distribution. Approximately equal emittances in both planes can be obtained by adjusting the thickness of the s... | {
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bde098be9004a3d779595117f3ee32d6b06f909d | subsection | 98 | 239 | Tail folding and octupoles | The possibility of tail folding to achieve a uniform transverse distribution, see e.g. has not been explored in detail but would require the addition of strong octupoles for the over-focusing; tentatively these would need a strength \displaystyle \frac{\partial ^3 B_y}{\partial x^3} of around \displaystyle 3\times {×}... | {
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4e0b6061a8753efe3f86fe667e46c188b788ea28 | subsection | 99 | 239 | Optics functions and beam envelopes | The detailed optics calculations have been made for the vertical and two horizontal beamlines shown in figure REF . The H1 beamline allows the optics functions in the target plane to be adjusted over a range of \displaystyle \beta =1-50 m, as illustrated in figure REF and thus fulfill field size and homogeneity criteri... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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fad149d94a4d803ee26c0f836966c264a38d849b | subsection | 100 | 239 | Vacuum systems | The vacuum system for the beamlines needs to ensure the required pressure through the lines, and (probably more importantly), to allow the very low pressure of better than \displaystyle 4\times 10^{-12} mbar N\displaystyle _{2} equivalent needed for the LEIR machine .
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aa0960cb48dff1e344bacba4d938b8d24276aafb | subsection | 101 | 239 | Interlocks | Some type of interlock system is needed to cut beam extraction in case of e.g. power converter failure, vacuum fault or high beam loss signal. If very high reaction speed and reliability is required, this system can be based on the standard CERN Beam Interlock Controller system , linked to the Warm Magnet Interlock sys... | {
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"raw": "B. Puccio, A. Castaeda Serra, M. Kwiatkowski, I. Romera Ramirez, and B. Todd. The CERN Beam Interlock System: Principle and Operational Experience. (CERN-ATS-2010-128):... | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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af74989ff57e686cdbf9c99602809991cd9fadc9 | subsection | 102 | 239 | Cabling | Electrical distribution, power and controls cabling are required for the magnets, power converters, vacuum systems, beam instrumentation and interlocks. In the absences of layouts for the rack, controls and power converter locations, and associated cable lengths, only very basic estimates of costs can be made. | {
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a69bb9e731fc1e4e18422cf403e247341108ee18 | subsection | 103 | 239 | Cooling | All the power converters for the beamlines are air cooled but the magnets require water cooling. From table REF , it can be computed that the magnets running at full current in DC require a maximum total of about 350 kW of cooling power. | {
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b5051ec7ec7c732e48fbc6290cc6728db51e0dd6 | subsection | 104 | 239 | Experimental Area | This chapter discusses all aspects of the biomedical experimental area for BioLEIR. The experimental area layout depends on:the 3D coordinate position of the two horizontal and the vertical beamline isocenters;
the available infrastructure such as electricity (e.g. room lighting and electrical outlets), medical grade ... | {
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e7b3b5ef41eff18046b5970eaac458b8fe9c591d | subsection | 105 | 239 | Outline of the experimental hall | The experimental irradiation area of BioLEIR can be located in the "South Hall" adjacent to the LEIR accelerator in building 150. A preliminary facility outline (see figure REF ) shows the BioLEIR switchyard where the three experimental lines split, as well as the location of the irradiation rooms, their respective cou... | {
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e6515afb1db5a8727c9ae28490b696ff6e17126f | subsection | 106 | 239 | Irradiation rooms | Irradiation at the maximum ion energies and intensities will produce air and material activation. Therefore, extensive shielding, access maze, a controlled under-pressure air ventilation system are needed (see chapter for details on radiation protection constraints). The irradiation rooms are planned to be built out o... | {
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3c4aec780f0b7781cc00b1a029914cb2ee15a840 | subsection | 107 | 239 | Biological irradiation rooms: H1 and V | Two of the three irradiation rooms are dedicated to experiments on cell cultures. The horizontal irradiation room H1 can have both a homogeneous broad beam of 50\displaystyle \times 50 mm\displaystyle ^2 and a pencil beam of 5-10 mm FWHM, including a beam deflection system for scanning. This room is in immediate vicini... | {
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ae777befbbb8072a420e70d4382dc199e70d6f08 | subsection | 108 | 239 | Automation of sample treatment: | Irradiation times for the biological cell experiments are expected to be between 20 seconds and 8-10 minutes per sample. After irradiation, material and air at the irradiation point will be activated and access will be limited until air is flushed. In order to optimise throughput and avoid exposure of personnel, an aut... | {
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7a643d48bc81c61cd10cf6b0cd93b7b06078d0c5 | subsection | 109 | 239 | Detector beamline: H2 | Irradiation room H2 is temperature-controlled to 22 \displaystyle \pm 1\displaystyle ^\circ C and has a humidity below 40%. This irradiation point has access to flushed gases typically used for propane-based detectors, as for example for GEM-detectors. A gas detection system is needed in this irradiation room. | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
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83caf526a1ba786e6cc264b1063eb677b6f79aa8 | subsection | 110 | 239 | Biological laboratory | The Biolab has a footprint of about 200 m\displaystyle ^2, shall have good lighting, air-conditioning and a floor that can be easily cleaned. It has all equipment specified in the chapter listing facility requirements (chapter ), for which the procurement and acceptance is expected to be done by the biomedical communit... | {
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01f06a8bac780adf7ead5bb1178c320e6aac4718 | subsection | 111 | 239 | Counting rooms | The experimental area needs counting rooms with space for readout crates, with fast readout links and fast Ethernet access. The H2 and V irradiation rooms can share counting room C2, while irradiation room H1 uses counting room C1. The cost for two equipped counting barracks is estimated at 100 kCHF, as detailed in tab... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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f0644c85391fc0c186410bc413cd72e6907b5e6b | subsection | 112 | 239 | Control irradiator | A control irradiator made of a horizontal 6 MeV photon linac would ideally be available in close vicinity to the Biolab and the irradiation rooms. A 6 MeV linac requires such a large shielding footprint that space constraints in hall 150 prohibit its installation at this stage of the study.In order to still have fast a... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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d07130bfc9c207c912f6573701f57a80fd59ddf3 | subsection | 113 | 239 | Vacuum Aspects | This chapter describes the vacuum system for the different machine sections of BioLEIR. In addition to the LEIR ring vacuum, four further main vacuum sections have been identified as follows:LINAC5, including the source;
Injection transfer line from LINAC5 to LEIR;
Extraction transfer line;
Experimental beamlines.Fo... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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32b9c052c14f6e7d311b0b5872e8febd93a08c5a | subsection | 114 | 239 | Requirements | Materials: it has been decided to adopt austenitic stainless steel with low permeability as the material for fabrication of the TE-VSC chambers, and in particular for the flanges (AISI316 LN). The bellows convolutions will be in stainless steel AISI 316 L.Joints: ConFlat-type joints are envisaged everywhere.
Vacuum fir... | {
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c3bb8e30e49f6380b804a90aa74cf918421669cd | subsection | 115 | 239 | LINAC5 vacuum section | LINAC5 is envisaged in the tunnel currently occupied by LINAC2 and as such uses all existing transfer lines to LEIR at minimal extra cost (see also chapter ). Once LINAC2 is decommissioned and removed, the space is available along with its existing power, cooling and access infrastructure. This has major cost saving ad... | {
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1fa74dd5cb412159c38f3ca520ad884e37827933 | subsection | 116 | 239 | Source and LEBT vacuum section | Pumping of the source and LEBT is done by:turbo-molecular pumps installed at the source and in the LEBT section;
pairs of Pirani/Penning gauges to measure the total pressure, or other types of gauges depending on the functional specification of the source.A gate valve separates the first vacuum sector from the RFQ one... | {
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2783078f962e4cf1f744461f62bfb3244f049aca | subsection | 117 | 239 | RFQ vacuum section | The vacuum elements for the RFQ are mainly located in the extremity segments:sputter ion pumps (e.g. 240 l/s);
turbo-molecular pumps (e.g. 685 l/s);
pairs of Pirani/Penning gauges.A gate valve separates the RFQ segment from the MEBT section. | {
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6568e416b4ee5d2e84cff8996039e74c6d5acbb0 | subsection | 118 | 239 | MEBT vacuum section | The MEBT vacuum design is based on the same assumptions as the LEBT:sputter ion pumps (e.g. 240 l/s);
pairs of Pirani/Penning gauges to measure the total pressure, or other types of gauges depending on the functional specification of the source.A gate valve separates the MEBT vacuum part from the vacuum part of the Qu... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
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f51ab33f1570e2bb77610545b940ea52147f0d06 | subsection | 119 | 239 | Quasi-Alvarez linac vacuum section | For this vacuum portion, the following vacuum components are considered:sputter ion pumps (e.g. 240 l/s);
pairs of Pirani/Penning gauges.A gate valve separates the Quasi-Alvarez linac vacuum section from the injection transfer line vacuum portion.Drift vacuum chambers are considered between the different sections of L... | {
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} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
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b8fcb60af157df9fb7ada787f12e97b6db115709 | subsection | 120 | 239 | Injection transfer line | The ions from LINAC5 need to be transferred into LEIR, using the existing infrastructure as much as possible. The possibility to inject protons into LEAR from LINAC2 existed in the past, using the E0 line, linking the LT and ITE line at the level of the 180\displaystyle ^\circ turnaround loop. The support and vacuum ch... | {
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99905b41357eb7a8330314ea92ffcdddd77a3d57 | subsection | 121 | 239 | LEIR | The LEIR synchrotron has a circumference of around 80 m and is composed of four 13 m-long straight sections (SS) numbered 10 to 40 and four 90\displaystyle ^ bending magnets, as shown in figure REF .
The first straight sections (SS10) is used for injection, the second one (SS20) houses the electron cooler, the third on... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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791d3f451c1ef02dc420ff09f353398771f3d6e6 | subsection | 122 | 239 | Extraction transfer lines | New electrostatic and magnetic septa are needed in SS30 to accomplish the extraction process (see figure REF ). Some changes to the machine vacuum chambers are required to increase aperture in specific locations to accept the extracted beam.
A special extraction vacuum chamber (Y-chamber) needs to be designed and built... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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2bddeb573eadad44ccd2fe972054dcbf43d8abe2 | subsection | 123 | 239 | Beamlines to the experimental area | In Stage 1 of BioLEIR, two horizontal and one vertical experimental beamlines are foreseen (see chapter ). The
beamline minimum full aperture is essentially 80 mm at all magnetic elements, to accommodate the expected beam envelopes. The layout of the beamlines is shown schematically in figure REF . The common horizonta... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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264c0109e7e6cc9f18f54a4b1fe6275e834df635 | subsection | 124 | 239 | Controls and interlocks | The cost for the vacuum control system has been estimated from the number of components in the different sections. The estimate includes contributions for the hardware (material), cabling as well as for installation and commissioning. The material contribution takes into account valves, gauges, interlocks, crates and p... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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a809fae8757526e69414dc16d43777eaaec8360e | subsection | 125 | 239 | Surface treatment | Surface treatment is foreseen for vacuum chambers (more than 60) as well as for non-vacuum components. It is estimated that 0.5 person-years are needed for this work. The cost for NEG coating has been considered only for a few elements in the extraction line at the interface with the LEIR ring. The total estimated cost... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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6a72ba0e8efe8c0b95e9467f979ed8b1ced42685 | subsection | 126 | 239 | Acceptance tests | Acceptance tests are foreseen for vacuum chambers (more than 60) as well as for non-vacuum components. 0.5 person-years and 75 kCHF are estimated for acceptance tests. | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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fbf2d68c7dd1e238562afa1732c016815320deb5 | subsection | 127 | 239 | Bake-out equipment | Bake-out equipment is mainly needed for vacuum chambers, ion pumps, valves and for other non-vacuum components such as magnets. In the absence of a detailed design, the cost estimate has been based on the recent experience of the ELENA project . The overall estimated bake-out cost amounts to 300 kCHF for the materiel a... | {
"cite_spans": [
{
"arxiv_id": "",
"doi": "10.1097/01.jom.0000121151.40413.bd",
"end": 245,
"openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1964543929",
"raw": "G. Riddone R. Kersevan. ELENA Workpackage 2.5, 2015 Cost Estimate. 2015. https://edms.cern.ch/document/1507148.",
"source_ref_... | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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713e090724cd546c20f3b87d28a45bf08d4b2237 | subsection | 128 | 239 | Installation and vacuum commissioning | The resources needed for the installation are estimated based on the following assumptions:2019-20: installation of the extraction line and all three beamlines.
2021: running with LINAC3.
2021: dismantling of LINAC2.
2022: installation of LINAC5.
2022-23 (YETS): connection of LINAC5.The summary of the estimated ins... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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1345665afcb2db499e95218156c065475fc4f414 | subsection | 129 | 239 | Infrastructure and Integration | This chapter discusses all aspects of the global infrastructure, integration, general services and civil engineering needed for BioLEIR, based on the biomedical requirements and the description of the experimental set-up from chapter . In particular, the infrastructure depends on:the biomedical experimental area;
radi... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
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] | [
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8e64dd732eed8268799a861bfad684b5c3d474e6 | subsection | 130 | 239 | The experimental hall | The hall of building 150 has been used as an experimental area in the past when antiproton experimental lines were fed by LEAR between 1983 and 1997. Currently, most of hall 150 is used as storage area for slightly radioactive material, as well as experimental equipment. A fraction of the hall is used for ongoing Resea... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
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"physics.ins-det",
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327e3155b64f3710726bc3d926443fece83d8802 | subsection | 131 | 239 | Cooling and ventilation | This section deals with aspects of the heating and ventilation system, as well as of the fluid supply for the whole of the BioLEIR facility, from the source to the experimental area. | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
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07ebc9c0dc4b8586b08d9aad5303fceb664b8a2d | subsection | 132 | 239 | Beamlines in the South Hall | One demineralised water cooling circuit needs to be installed to serve all three beamlines from LEIR. The total heat load dissipated in water is estimated to be 130 kW per beamline. The demineralised water cooling station includes one heat exchanger of 390 kW, a duty and standby pump and a demineraliser. The water cond... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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de5a9a2308ad5bfdf97a0e262983c8c6c9e340fa | subsection | 133 | 239 | Light ion source | The baseline solution for the new light ion source requires about 50 kW of demineralised water cooling (i.e. 4.3 m\displaystyle ^3/h @ 27 - 37\displaystyle ^\circ C), see chapter . The existing ion source for LINAC2 is currently using a local closed cooling circuit which means that a new demineralized water cooling sys... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
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"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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a8b913fe1cd2e289e9419121831b045e27f1d779 | subsection | 134 | 239 | LINAC5 and transfer line to LEIR | LINAC5 requires 100 kW of demineralised water cooling (i.e. 8.6 m\displaystyle ^3/h @ 27 - 37\displaystyle ^\circ C). The existing LINAC2 is currently using some 20 m\displaystyle ^3/h. The existing distribution line needs to be modified for the LINAC5 equipment. The overall cooling capacity from the existing station 2... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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1f0ac9aa06bcffd73700574181a3bd908f389e27 | subsection | 135 | 239 | LEIR power converter upgrade | As described in chapter , the LEIR accelerator needs an upgrade of its power converters in order for light ions to be accelerated up to 440 MeV/u. The new power converters for the magnets ER.BHN and ER.QDN2040 require 26 kW of demineralised water cooling (i.e. 2.2 m\displaystyle ^3/h @ 27 - 37\displaystyle ^\circ C). A... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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6e53265a4674641efde855eae37ee27ea5fdf4ed | subsection | 136 | 239 | Primary water | The primary water is supplied from the consolidated East Area cooling tower if it is technically feasible and approved. One duty and one standby distribution pumps are required, and where possible, the existing pipelines to South Hall are reused.Alternatively, a new 2-cell cooling tower (n+1) of 400 kW per cell can be ... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
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a214ad9e1d205f61f53d9428300d07ccdefb13aa | subsection | 137 | 239 | Irradiation room H1 | The H1 irradiation room (3 m\displaystyle \times 3 m\displaystyle \times 2.5 m) is maintained at 37.5\displaystyle \pm 0.5\displaystyle ^\circ C and RH=40\displaystyle \pm 10%. The required ventilation type is IIA according to ISO 17873 norm. There is no sensitive or latent load dissipated in the air.For this irradiati... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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d7c2ad63192191bb41056aa1d5b87395f5f2462d | subsection | 138 | 239 | Irradiation room H2 | The H2 irradiation room (3 m\displaystyle \times 3 m\displaystyle \times 2.3 m) is maintained at 22\displaystyle \pm 1\displaystyle ^\circ C and RH\displaystyle <40%.
The required ventilation type is IIA according to the ISO 17873 norm. There is up to 1 kW of sensitive load dissipated in the air.For this irradiation ro... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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63a9827e8d284eee9546239e304d1c00b0045699 | subsection | 139 | 239 | Irradiation room V | The vertical irradiation point V (3 m\displaystyle \times 3 m\displaystyle \times 4 m) is maintained at 37.5\displaystyle \pm 0.5\displaystyle ^\circ C and RH=40\displaystyle \pm 10%. The required ventilation type is IIA according to the ISO 17873 norm. There is no sensitive or latent load dissipated in the air.
The HV... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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587a4e98704bcd410f3b0d2fae38a879d63e03e9 | subsection | 140 | 239 | Biolab | The Biolab (14 m\displaystyle \times 14 m) is maintained at 22\displaystyle \pm 1\displaystyle ^\circ C and RH=40\displaystyle \pm 10%. The acceptable quantity of airborne particles satisfies ISO 8 requirements in accordance with the ISO 14644-1 norm. The room pressure is not yet defined. The heat load dissipated by th... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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5ddae9358ad3981fb3c09792b4b2fbd7eb6a1d0c | subsection | 141 | 239 | Chilled water for air handling units | The chilled water production plant for the building 150 area is located in building 355. The chilled water temperature regime is 6\displaystyle ^\circ C for the supply and 12\displaystyle ^\circ C for the return. The cooling water batteries of each Air Handling Unit is connected to this distribution pipework. | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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03db2445572a8c67fbbbfa140ab79a9b43116696 | subsection | 142 | 239 | Heating for air handling units | The heat losses of the new areas are negligible because the rooms to be built are located in the main hall (building 150) which is already heated and ventilated.
The heating required after the dehumidification process and the heating of the irradiation points is ensured using electrical heaters. The centralised heating... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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2a3b2c9e06867468383dba3c3cddbdf620df4029 | subsection | 143 | 239 | Fluids | This section consists of the extension of the fluid networks into the BioLEIR experimental area.
The fluids network extension includes:the provision of a demineralised water network extension to the Biolab;
an extension of the compressed air network with connection possibility in regular intervals;
design and work su... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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1dcb72005d5e52c34429e0ed56fe65c6c380001f | subsection | 144 | 239 | Electrical infrastructure | This section consists of all general power supply for the BioLEIR facility, including all machine aspects and the experimental area.The electrical services within building 150 are at the end of their working life and require complete replacement in order to satisfy modern safety requirements.
In addition to the need to... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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c4bff8a7e650a0449139b184460d3a7ceb4982d5 | subsection | 145 | 239 | Machine requirements for electrical infrastructure | The requirements for electrical power distribution for specific machine elements (for example cabling for magnets or controls) is discussed and estimated in the relevant machine chapters. This subsection is concerned with the electrical infrastructure available to the machine elements. | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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ef5b8782c6ccfdb594eedfdb428e4a556131730a | subsection | 146 | 239 | Linac | The electrical installations serving LINAC2 are at the end of their working life and require complete replacement before a new installation can be made in order to satisfy modern safety requirements.
A cost estimate for the electrical distribution has been made based on analysis of the recent LINAC4 installation, the c... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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c36aa64cb8f05f8e5bd13c8ad00b8d920299c0ef | subsection | 147 | 239 | Extraction and beamlines to the experimental area | Areas enclosed due to radiation protection and requirements for closed ventilation and air extraction require additional conventional and emergency lighting. In addition, the enclosed LEIR zone requires radiation resistant lighting throughout. This additional electrical infrastructure (lighting, emergency lighting, cab... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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bd9ff5d7fca0fe2129e089adcb75887668bc48e6 | subsection | 148 | 239 | Requirements of the experimental area on electrical infrastructure | This subsection contains the requirements for general power supply for lighting, various electrical lab equipment, readout and computer equipment and low tension socket boxes distributed in experimental area. It also includes the power supplied to cooling- and ventilation plants including their need for secured power. ... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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b3a1ce1e18ee2287d94c2f2b11d8b2fae5f36acf | subsection | 149 | 239 | Gas networks | A gas supply panel for neutral gases is needed in the experimental area. The exact position is not defined, yet we assume that a standard panel is used with outlets for four gases (typically N\displaystyle _2, O\displaystyle _2, Ar and CO\displaystyle _2). This panel shall be supplied from a suitable location for gas b... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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11a771ba14f273d30aae719882819043875f2e70 | subsection | 150 | 239 | Civil engineering and structures within the experimental area | This section describes and estimates all structures that are needed for the experimental area of the BioLEIR facility. This includes some new civil engineering structures that need to be constructed in the existing building 150 (South Hall) that was built in the 1950's, as well as structures that are planned to be buil... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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567bd6c3ac74a7ac16bd0839ffb86f4076a950a2 | subsection | 151 | 239 | Civil engineering and structures within the experimental area | No cost estimates for such strengthening work nor modifications to the floor have been included in the cost estimates.A seismic study to verify the stability of the various new structures needs to be performed in the next phase of this project.
[Figure: Photograph of a typical service trench with steel covering.] | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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cb068d76e2b4d8c783c39d3957a88589aa01e255 | subsection | 152 | 239 | Switchyard 1 and Switchyard 2 | Both switchyard structures, which are non-standard shapes with relatively large spans, are to be built in areas with limited access and with rather thick roof slabs for radiation shielding. From recent experience in constructing shielding for experimental areas like GBAR or CHARM, we infer that, in principle, the switc... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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3f0b1e58ef770fa3f8afe9e70e17c348cb9aa8d3 | subsection | 153 | 239 | Irradiation rooms H1, H2, V | High levels of radiation are expected in all three irradiation rooms, as well as in the extraction area (see chapter ) and there is always a possibility that the room layout or design may need to be modified. Therefore, the shielding needs to be done with precast concrete and cast-iron blocks.As the facility is planned... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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51231e72bbba6b18666e407051908d5a2b259a73 | subsection | 154 | 239 | Shielding roof above the LEIR accelerator | Radiation protection studies found that running with light ions in the LEIR accelerator requires LEIR to be covered with an 80 cm roof of concrete (see chapter ). Original drawings for the LEIR accelerator were found, showing that operation was initially foreseen with a roof. The optimal pillar locations are identified... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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7384eaa0bac067f5989c252dfb34d66123ebc31e | subsection | 155 | 239 | LEIR extraction area | As most beam losses are expected to happen in the extraction region (40% beam loss expected), the lateral shielding in this area needs to be the same as in the irradiation rooms. A roof surface area of 10\displaystyle \times 14.5 m\displaystyle ^2 area shall cover the full extraction area. | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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b91d1a58ba531e20790854b64825ab0720fdfd75 | subsection | 156 | 239 | Small access structures | In addition to the shielding structures described above, complementary small structures are needed, predominantly to delineate the radiation controlled area and smaller access structures like stairways and access platforms. Such structures are listed below:access to the vertical irradiation room, directly from the grou... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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fe408c1d2c02c665d20a7fcc20e7c34b855c663a | subsection | 157 | 239 | Doors | This section contains the supply and installation of personnel access doors. These doors must accommodate the standard badge-reading system which is required for access to a supervised area (locks operated by programmable badge reader). One such door is needed for each of the 2 horizontal irradiation rooms. In addition... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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bb444f2f337219d4ed07cda86e6c78d18378a35a | subsection | 158 | 239 | IT-networks | There is a need to have an Ethernet network and sockets for the counting barracks as well as for all services with the possibility to connect to either the technical- or the general purpose network at CERN. It is envisaged to install about 30 UTP sockets. In addition, it is important to have a local Wi-Fi system for th... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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f481805a05bfada8be1984f59ad374bbff611787 | subsection | 159 | 239 | Transport and handling | Transport and handling for the BioLEIR experimental area is expected to cost at least at the level of 20 kCHF and require 0.1 person-years of Staff. This includes installation and handling of all equipment and shielding blocks. | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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4dbb5460ee3523ffd8f4f5edc7bcd9e7f4153aa5 | subsection | 160 | 239 | Resource Estimate | The volume of the irradiation rooms should be kept as small as reasonable to minimize cost. They are temperature- and humidity-controlled, and need a closed, monitored air circulation.For those aspects of infrastructure where no specific cost estimate could be provided by the relevant equipment groups, a rough cost est... | {
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"raw": "M. Wilhelmsson. EHN1 Extension: Infrastructure (WG2). 2015. https://edms.cern.ch/document/1543155/1.",
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]... | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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f0be6a470e4d5d8e93d0270f45c84416d8419f70 | subsection | 161 | 239 | Resource Estimate | If the decision can be made upfront to limit the maximum ion energies to 250 MeV/u, and to forego Stage 3 entirely, additional savings beyond the cost of Stage 3 itself, could be realised for Stage 1 and Stage 2 by reducing the scope for radiation shielding, magnets, power converters, electrical power and cooling syste... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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5b475dd359552b93f10fd107989a79795bba7c37 | subsection | 162 | 239 | Operational scenarios | In order to start delivering beams to BioLEIR as early as possible, the facility is proposed to be built in stages. A specific operational scenario corresponds to each of the stages that are increasing in flexibility: initially, BioLEIR runs with ions from LINAC3 outside the period when LHC and/or the North Area (NA) t... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
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2a86d67565679e60858f0ce7770877bd86ff11d0 | subsection | 163 | 239 | Stage 1 | In the initial stage, only the new slow extraction system and the 3 extraction lines towards the South Hall are added to the existing LEIR machine. The ions for BioLEIR are provided by LINAC3. Since there is only one ion source connected to LINAC3, it normally takes several weeks to switch from one ion species for BioL... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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d90ef4954c73ba310a6cbaab10d2fab93047970e | subsection | 164 | 239 | Stage 2 | Once LINAC5 is made operational in Stage 2, LINAC3 is freed for exclusive heavy ion operation. In Stage 2, light ions can be accelerated to a maximum energy of 246 MeV/u and up to 80 MeV/u for Argon ions.
Some of the LEIR injection elements, as well as part of the magnets in the injection line, can work only with a sin... | {
"cite_spans": []
} | 10.23731/CYRM-2017-001 | 1802.07724 | Feasibility Study for BioLEIR | [
"S. Ghithan",
"G. Roy",
"S. Schuh"
] | [
"physics.ins-det",
"physics.acc-ph"
] | 2,018 | en | Physics | [
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... |
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