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phoible_metadata.json
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{
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"dataset_name": "PHOIBLE Phonological Inventories",
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"last_updated": "2026-01-15",
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"source": "PHOIBLE database (phoible.org) - cross-linguistic phonological inventory database",
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"record_count": 105484,
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"fields": {
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"InventoryID": "Unique identifier for each language's phonological inventory",
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"Glottocode": "Glottolog language identifier code",
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"ISO6393": "ISO 639-3 language code",
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"LanguageName": "Name of the language",
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"SpecificDialect": "Dialect specification if applicable",
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"GlyphID": "Unicode code point identifier for the phoneme glyph",
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"Phoneme": "IPA representation of the phoneme",
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"Allophones": "Allophonic variants of the phoneme",
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"Marginal": "Whether the phoneme is marginal in the inventory",
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"SegmentClass": "Classification as consonant or vowel",
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"Source": "Source of the inventory data (e.g., spa, upsid, gm, aa, ph, ra, saphon, er)",
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"tone": "Tonal feature value",
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"stress": "Stress feature value",
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"syllabic": "Syllabic feature value",
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"short": "Short duration feature value",
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"long": "Long duration feature value",
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"consonantal": "Consonantal feature value",
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"sonorant": "Sonorant feature value",
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"continuant": "Continuant feature value",
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"delayedRelease": "Delayed release feature value",
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"approximant": "Approximant feature value",
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"tap": "Tap/flap feature value",
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"trill": "Trill feature value",
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"nasal": "Nasal feature value",
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"lateral": "Lateral feature value",
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"labial": "Labial place feature value",
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"round": "Lip rounding feature value",
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"labiodental": "Labiodental feature value",
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"coronal": "Coronal place feature value",
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"anterior": "Anterior feature value",
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"distributed": "Distributed feature value",
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"strident": "Strident feature value",
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"dorsal": "Dorsal place feature value",
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"high": "High tongue body feature value",
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"low": "Low tongue body feature value",
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"front": "Front tongue body feature value",
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"back": "Back tongue body feature value",
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"tense": "Tense feature value",
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"retractedTongueRoot": "Retracted tongue root (RTR) feature value",
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"advancedTongueRoot": "Advanced tongue root (ATR) feature value",
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"periodicGlottalSource": "Periodic glottal source (voicing) feature value",
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"epilaryngealSource": "Epilaryngeal source feature value",
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"spreadGlottis": "Spread glottis (aspiration) feature value",
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"constrictedGlottis": "Constricted glottis feature value",
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"fortis": "Fortis feature value",
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"lenis": "Lenis feature value",
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"raisedLarynxEjective": "Raised larynx ejective feature value",
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"loweredLarynxImplosive": "Lowered larynx implosive feature value",
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"click": "Click feature value"
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},
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"notes": "Each row represents a single phoneme in a language's phonological inventory. Feature values use +/- notation or 0 for unspecified. Multiple inventories may exist per language from different sources. Contains 48 distinctive feature columns following a modified version of the Hayes (2009) feature system."
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}
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