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1. Preface to the Arduino tutorials These tutorials are meant to be an entry to the Arduino basis. Beginners should get an interesting lead-in the world of Arduino. Our tutorials are all based on practical tasks with theoretical introductions at the beginning. We really recommend to read the theoretical part to successfully complete the practical tasks. These tutorials were created in the context of a teaching unit. They can be used for free to learn about Arduino, but it’s not allowed to copy and use the tutorials without any permission. These tutorials have been created carefully and are continuously maintained, however we can’t give any warranty about the accuracy and completeness of the tutorials. For the practical tasks you’ll need some technical equipment. On our website www.funduinoshop.com you can buy especially customized Funduino kits for our tutorials. What is actually Arduino? Arduino is an Open-source-electronic-prototyping-base for simple used hardware and software in the field of microcontrolling. It is suitable to realize fascinating projects in a short time. Many of them can be found on Youtube under „Arduino“. It is mostly used by artists, designer or tinkers to realize creative ideas. But Arduino is also increasingly used by universities and schools to teach an interesting and simple beginning to the world of microcontrolling.
Nationwide, the measles outbreak shows no signs of slowing down. The latest report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) shows measles has infected more than 600 people in 21 states and the District of Columbia. Officials say about 97% of the people infected were unvaccinated or their vaccination status was unknown. MCM spoke with Dr. Fabian Sandoval who is President and Chief Executive Officer of Emerson Clinical Research Institute in Washington, D.C. He said the best way to prevent getting measles is for people to get the Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. Maryland has three cases so far this year, one in Howard County, and two more in Prince George’s County. State health officials say each of the patients in Maryland traveled internationally. The Maryland cases are not related to each other nor are they connected to the bigger outbreaks occurring in places like Texas and New Mexico. So far, no one in Montgomery County has contracted measles. Last year, the County had one case. County Immunity Levels MCM spoke with Montgomery County Health Officer, Dr. Kisha Davis. She said the vaccination rate for measles in children is well over 97% in the County. “It toggles between 97% and 98%. The rate we want to get at for herd immunity is 95%, so we are well above that in both private and public schools. That is very reassuring,” Davis said. However, she cautions some groups remain vulnerable to contracting measles. They include children under a year old, people who are severely immunocompromised, and people who are unvaccinated. Children can get their first MMR dose when they are between 12 and 15 months old. They usually get their second dose between 4 and 6 years old. Doctors say one dose is 93% effective at preventing measles. Two doses are 97% effective. Older adults who may not know if they had measles as a child or are unsure if they ever had a measles vaccine can get tested to see if they have immunity. “I think it is important to think about this area. We live in an area where folks travel a lot. I think in your day-to-day life, you’re not really at high risk of contracting measles here because we have high vaccination rates. But if you are going abroad, and maybe questioning your vaccination status, I think you should have a conversation with your doctor about being vaccinated,” Davis said. Dr. Alexandra Yonts is an infectious disease specialist with Children’s National Hospital. She had the following tips for people who may be traveling either in the United States or abroad: - Check vaccination records for all family members - Check with your pediatrician to confirm your children have received their age-appropriate doses of the MMR vaccine - Check the CDC’s Yellow Book: Health Information for International Travel to see if there are any outbreaks or circulating virus where you are heading - Adults born before 1957 are generally considered immune from measles, but people born after should verify their vaccination status - Consult your pediatrician about your travel plans. Some children under 1 may be able to get an MMR vaccine before their scheduled vaccine date if they are traveling to a high-risk area - Keep in mind it takes about 2 weeks to develop adequate measles immunity after the vaccine - Pack hand sanitizer, disinfectant wipes, and extra masks - Once you reach your destination, practice vigorous hand hygiene - Avoid close contact with people showing signs of illness
Climate Migration and Equity Inequality influences who can stay in climate-vulnerable locales and who can leave and thrive elsewhere. The world needs a plan that supports those climate refugees who can’t do either. Wildfires. Floods. Hurricanes. For years, the consequences of carbon-fueled climate change have been upending lives and causing people to migrate. And those are just the sudden climate catastrophes. The slower-moving disasters—sea levels that creep farther inland, temperatures that diminish crop yields, storms that dump more and more rain, and rainstorms that fail to appear at all—are even more likely to cause people to leave home and never come back. These insidious climate impacts have already begun. Indigenous communities in Alaska have been watching their villages wash away for decades as permafrost melts at an alarming rate. Tribal residents along the coast of Louisiana lose a football field’s worth of land to the Gulf of Mexico every 90 minutes, due to rising sea levels and land subsidence, both of which are precipitated by the fossil fuel industry. In Bangladesh, rural residents are fleeing to the low-lying nation’s cities to escape frequent flooding and loss of farmland. Nations in the Pacific Ocean, like Kiribati, are calling for action as their islands slowly slip beneath the waves. The list goes on and on. What Is Climate Migration? In 2016, President Obama formally observed the relationship between climate change, migration, and sociopolitical instability in the “Climate Change and National Security” memorandum. The memo described the many impacts of climate change—from rising sea levels to food shortages to extended drought—that could “lead to population migration within and across international borders, spur crises, and amplify or accelerate conflict in countries or regions already facing instability and fragility.” Two years later, the World Bank estimated that climate change would displace more than 140 million people within their home countries in sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Latin America by 2050. “Climate displacement is movement, in part due to climate-related disasters, both sudden and slow-onset disasters, that are either temporary or permanent, within countries or across borders,” explains Ama Francis, climate displacement project strategist at the International Refugee Assistance Project (IRAP). Through their work at this New York City–based organization that fights for the legal rights of refugees, Francis is focused on addressing the structural inequalities—social, economic, or political—that shape a person’s decision or ability to move elsewhere. Those with fewer financial resources or those who are caretakers for others, for example, can’t as easily pick up and start somewhere new. Climate change refugees Across the world, the climate crisis disproportionately impacts Black, Indigenous, and other people of color, especially women. In fact, the United Nations estimates that women make up 80 percent of climate refugees. Not only are women, who are often caretakers, more likely than men to experience poverty, which impedes their recoveries from climate disasters, but the risks of gender-based violence against women and girls rise in areas disrupted by climate change. Of course, the disproportionate impacts of climate change don’t end at the community level. Wealthy countries caused the climate crisis that is now making low-income countries less habitable. According to a report from Oxfam and the Stockholm Environment Institute, people with the top 1 percent highest incomes globally, a group of about 63 million, emitted twice the amount of carbon emissions between 1990 and 2015 as those with incomes in the bottom 50 percent, the equivalent of 3.1 billion people. Needed: A global solution After years of failing to acknowledge the links between migration and climate change, world leaders finally connected the dots in 2015 and decided to develop an integrated approach to solving both problems. They established the Task Force on Displacement at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris, which paved the way for the creation three years later of the Global Compact on Safe, Orderly, and Regular Migration and the Global Compact on Refugees. The groups have started important conversations but have yet to take concrete next steps. A big issue standing in the way of progress is a lack of funding for climate adaptation relative to mitigation, says Francis, a native of the Caribbean island of Dominica, which was devastated in 2017 by Hurricanes Irma and Maria. “What's really central for climate displacement right now is making sure that there are enough resources flowing toward adaptation, so that people not only have the option to move but also have an option to stay at home if that's what they want.” This imbalance is exactly what Salote Soqo, the director of advocacy for global displacement at the Unitarian Universalist Service Committee (UUSC), is working to fix. By financially supporting frontline community groups in the Pacific that have been marginalized from mainstream funding sources, Soqo and the UUSC aim to help those who are either relocating now or likely will be in the near future. As an Indigenous woman of Fiji, where more than 40 communities are currently identified for relocation, Soqo laments the fact that global climate efforts haven’t focused on plans and preparations for such moves. A video from Fiji’s National Disaster Management Office (NDMO) featuring residents of the village of Tukuraki three years after their relocation due to landslides. Across the globe, the numbers of people being displaced keep climbing. According to a report by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, 98 percent of disasters were related to “weather and climate” and internally displaced 30.7 million people in 2020. That year, Central America was particularly hard hit when two back-to-back Category 4 hurricanes, Eta and Iota, swept through, displacing at least 1.5 million people in Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua. Soqo says, “We need to get more serious about human mobility in those spaces.” Countries most affected by climate change As the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Sixth Assessment report makes clear, while the climate crisis is affecting everyone on the planet, it does not affect everyone equally. For example, countries in South Asia, tropical sub-Saharan Africa, and parts of Central and South America will feel much of the impact of deadly heat stress, but Europe and North America won't be spared. And the IPCC authors write that flooding events due to rising sea levels could lead to “very high losses in East Asian cities." They also predict that "by midcentury, more than a billion people living in low-lying coastal cities and settlements globally are projected to be at risk from coastal-specific climate hazards." Step it up, United States Given the scale of these threats, the Biden administration’s publication of a 2021 report on the impact of climate on migration (released prior to the COP26 meeting in Glasgow, Scotland) came not a moment too soon. While it was the first U.S. government report of its kind, Francis says it was significant for several other reasons as well. First, it recognizes that climate displacement is an issue happening right now—not in some abstract future world. Second, the report shows that the United States wants to figure out how to use new and existing legal pathways for climate-displaced people, such as through Temporary Protected Status and by expanding the list of eligible origin countries. And, lastly, it led the administration to set up a task force on the matter. “This report really says to climate-displaced people, ‘we see you, you matter, there are things that the U.S. government can do to protect you,’” Francis says. But while establishing the task force was a laudable step, the administration could do more to put forth solutions. After all, millions of people are getting caught in the climate crosshairs, and they have no time to wait for action. The report also omits displacement concerns within U.S. borders. In the two weeks following Hurricane Katrina in 2005, the country saw the largest and fastest dislocation in the United States since at least the mid-1800s, with more than 1 million people fleeing the Gulf Coast region. And the recovery and return process was far more lengthy for Black New Orleanians than it was for white residents. Indigenous groups all across the country have increasingly grappled with similar injustices—facing more extreme heat and less precipitation on their lands, generally, as a recent study found—and they’ve been left to navigate relocation processes without much guidance or financial support. Robin Bronen of the Alaska Institute for Justice, who has been advocating for displaced Alaska Natives for decades, is frustrated by the inaction. “I think this is preventable, and we are not preventing this crisis,” she says. “We have zero capacity right now in the United States to deal with it.” Finally, the report, which was led by the National Security Council, should have been more clear that climate change is the national security threat here—not the migrants themselves. “There's a way in which climate displacement has been used to fuel fear of immigration and immigrants,” Francis explains. “The issue has definitely been co-opted by xenophobic actors who push this narrative that there are millions of climate-displaced people who are going to arrive in the United States, and therefore the U.S. needs to harden its borders.” Meanwhile, some elected U.S. officials have been finding new ways to block the resettlement of refugees and asylum seekers. IRAP has other ideas. A path forward In August 2021, IRAP released its own report that outlines policies the United States could adopt to address climate migration. Among other things, the organization calls for the U.S. Department of Justice to issue clear guidelines recognizing that environmental harm frequently combines with other drivers of displacement that qualify someone for refugee status. One important and immediate next step, Francis says, would be to train immigration officers and judges to recognize that some people displaced by climate change are eligible for refugee status under current U.S. law. “And that's something that the government can do without needing any new legal authority or any authorization from Congress.” The report, endorsed by NRDC and other organizations, came on the heels of a UUSC policy brief that made recommendations, such as granting funds directly to frontline communities and changing the way the Federal Emergency Management Agency distributes aid in the wake of a disaster. In her own recommendations, Bronen suggests creating a national governance framework for climate relocation, which would include tribal governments and community-based organizations in decision-making processes. The solutions to such a wide-ranging and urgent issue will most certainly be a team effort. “What's desperately needed is for all of us to pay attention to the places where we live and how they're changing, so that we can help inform the responses of how we're going to adapt,” she says. “We tend to think this is going to happen to somebody else, and not us, because either we have enough money or we live in a place we think is going to be safe. And based on my experience of living in Alaska, I don't think anywhere is safe.” This NRDC.org story is available for online republication by news media outlets or nonprofits under these conditions: The writer(s) must be credited with a byline; you must note prominently that the story was originally published by NRDC.org and link to the original; the story cannot be edited (beyond simple things such as grammar); you can’t resell the story in any form or grant republishing rights to other outlets; you can’t republish our material wholesale or automatically—you need to select stories individually; you can’t republish the photos or graphics on our site without specific permission; you should drop us a note to let us know when you’ve used one of our stories.
Making social rights work for children On the occasion of the International day for the Eradication of Poverty (17 October), Eurochild urges EU leaders to prioritise efforts to tackle poverty in childhood. More than one in four children are at risk of poverty or social exclusion in the European Union. “Poverty in childhood creates a cycle of disadvantage that carries into future generations. No country, including the richest nations in the EU, can claim to be free from child poverty. The EU must use all its tools, be it the European Pillar of Social Rights, the European Semester or the Post 2020 EU budget to accelerate investment in children.” – Jana Hainsworth, Secretary General, Eurochild. Eurochild’s latest report “Making social rights work for children” analyses the impact of the European Semester on children in 17 EU countries and offers three key recommendations: 1. Put social goals on a par with the economy and employment The Social Scoreboard and common indicators measured by Eurostat monitor important social trends over time and between countries, for example child poverty, early school leaving, or childcare enrolment. These indicators should be given more weight when it comes to guiding Member States policies. Furthermore the EU can make better use of existing data by developing new indicators which give a more complete picture of children’s situation. 2. Make children an explicit and priority focus of the Semester Ireland, for instance, has been recommended by the European Commission to offer affordable and quality childcare. It is helpful recognition that children’s learning and developmental needs are also dependent on adequate investment, good economic policy and budget planning. 3. Make the Semester process more transparent and inclusive Eurochild’s Dutch members are particularly encouraged by language in the European Pillar of Social Rights which requires Member States to have national strategies on child participation that can help bring children’s voices into policymaking. The report ‘Making social rights work for children’ also offers its own alternatives to the country specific recommendations in light of assessments by 22 Eurochild members. For more information: Head of Communications, Eurochild +32 (0) 2 211 0553 Eurochild advocates for children’s rights and well-being to be at the heart of policymaking. We are a network of organisations working with and for children throughout Europe, striving for a society that respects the rights of children. We influence policies, build internal capacities, facilitate mutual learning and exchange practice and research. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child is the foundation of all our work.
Silver nitrate is an inorganic compound discovered in the 13th century by Albertus Magnus and has since been used in the medical industry for various issues, including wound care. As silver salts have antiseptic properties, they have been used as a treatment for gonorrhea prevention, a cauterizing agent, for the healing of oral ulcers, among others. However, the most common use of silver nitrate in the medicinal world is for the removal of dead, infected, or dying tissue on wounds. So, what is Silver Nitrate Used for Wounds? Silver nitrate stick is used as an antimicrobial therapy which has many anti-inflammatory properties and healing characteristics. It is a chemical cauterizing agent used to remove excess granulation tissue usually found around stomas (usually in cases of gastrotomy and tracheotomy stomas), to remove necrotic tissue from an infected or a nonhealing wound, to remove warts and other blemishes, and to treat oral ulcers and nosebleeds. In the right concentration, silver can control the amounts of yeast, bacteria, and mold, as it kills microbes, and relieves the burden of bacteria on the wounded area. Silver nitrate can destroy microbes such as methicillin and many others, and therefore is quite successful in the treatment of acute wounds, chronic wounds, and various burns. It helps with the reduction of the wound size, thus being able to prevent the need for surgery in some patients. Since silver nitrate is highly caustic, precautions should be taken before the usage. You should be careful not to let it ooze on the healthy parts of skin as it can stain and burn it. If it does happen to leak on the healthy skin, you should immediately irrigate the site with a lot of sterile water. Additionally, you should wear eye protection when treating nosebleeds and tracheostomy stomas as the breathing of the patient may cause the agent to splatter. One more thing you should think about is the pain. Using silver nitrate can cause pain, therefore, using a topical anesthetic or a painkiller beforehand could help a lot. How to Use Silver Nitrate for Wound Care? To successfully use silver nitrate for the treatment of wounds, you need some equipment. First of all, you would need clean wound dressings, nitrile gloves, and saline solution. Naturally, you require the silver nitrate pencils or sticks, Vaseline (or petroleum jelly) to protect the surrounding skin, and a topical anesthetic to soothe the pain. The procedure of treating the wound is quite simple if done right. First of all, you need to carefully read the instructions on the packet and take all the precautions necessary. Apply a topical anesthetic to soothe the pain and clean the wound bed with the saline solution before the debridement. Dry the area with a sterile dressing and apply the skin barrier to the surrounding skin to protect it from leakage, skin staining, and tissue burns. Instead of vinyl gloves, put on nitrile gloves. Vinyl gloves do not protect the hands from burn or staining, so nitrile is definitely a better solution here. Moist the tip of the silver nitrate stick with a drop of saline and apply it to the wound gently. If the wound is already moist, you do not need to wet the stick, as the wetness of the wound will be enough to activate the stick on its own. Roll the stick around the wound and be careful not to touch the healthy skin. If used for cauterizing, you may need to apply light pressure during the process. Stop the procedure is the burning sensation is too uncomfortable for the patient. Always remove all the dead tissue to prevent the growth of bacteria. Clean the wound with saline solution and treat it with topical antibiotics if necessary. Always make sure to use a clean dressing and a clean bandage to dress the wound. You should be careful and check the appearance of the wound. The reason for this is that silver can burn the tissue and stain it gray, however, this is completely normal. What may happen is that the wound can look even worse at the next dressing change, but the gray tissue will come off when you wipe it with a gauze moistened with saline solution. Keep a record of the wound state and make sure to follow-up with your doctor as needed. Where to Getting Silver Nitrate? Silver nitrate sticks can be purchased as an over-the-counter treatment in pharmacies and online. A simple Google search will take you to numerous websites where you can order the sticks.
HUGE THANKS TO ALL WHO TOOK PART IN OUR RESEARCH! We are currently analysing our results, and will add these here as soon as they are published. The Research outline There are times when our loved ones are far away, and we wish with all our hearts that we could share a moment with them, as if by magic. Historically, jewelry was used as love tokens, mementos and keepsake as far back as ancient Mesopotamia. These objects gave a tangible presence of the loved one, and the fact that the practice still endures in modern times, speaks for its importance. However, once given, the giver lost the thread of connection, and once received, the wearer had to rely on imagination. And despite being common folklore and sci-fi fantasies, being able to communicate through objects like jewelry was inconceivable just a few years ago. In this research, we are not interested in turing sentimental jewelry into another communication device, like the the phone. Instead, we are interested in understanding what qualities are needed to preserve the tenderness of mementos and love tokens, while enchanting them through technology. Learning about these would help to devise future connected computational jewelry and prevent it from becoming just another gadget.
In what genre is the Torah? This is a question we have come back to over and over in our conversations about science and religion. Is the Torah a book of science, morality, ethics, or even religion? Can the Torah be put on any one bookshelf, or by its nature, does it refuse easy demarcation? Biblical concordism is one area of thought that considers the Bible to belong (at least partially) on the science bookshelf. It refers to attempts to read the Bible in light of contemporary science. One fascinating example of such Biblical concordism is the work of the Israeli physicist Nathan Aviezer, who reads the six days of creation as six stages in the evolutionary story. In David Shatz’s summary: That the created light is the primeval fireball; that the separation of light from dark is the decoupling of electromagnetic radiation from the dark fireball-plasma mixture; that the “waters above the firmament” refer to the ice in outer regions of the solar system; that the gathering of waters into one place is the receding of oceans described by science; that ha-tanninim ha-gedolim (said by other concordists to be dinosaurs) are the Ediacaran fauna, which, as Rashi says about the tanninim, became extinct; that the two stages in the development of animals (days five and six) correspond to two stages of their development according to evolutionary theory. Shatz, in his important article on the topic of Biblical concordism, considers this question of genre: Should the Torah include the same information that a science textbook may include, albeit in a different language? Even if the Torah is primarily supposed to be a work of law, theology, ethics, or philosophy, might it also include science? Acknowledging the visceral distaste that so many people have for such attempts, Shatz evaluates the arguments in favor and against these alignments. He points out that Biblical concordism is often used in Kiruv, Jewish outreach, with complicated effects. In his words: Concordists use the “discovery” that the Torah already includes truths that scientists discovered millennia later to instill awe, wonder, and belief in the Author’s omniscience. But when kiruv is done this way, fluctuations in scientific beliefs could induce cynicism over time: when science changes, out go the proofs of the author’s omniscience that were based on a correspondence between Genesis and the old science. If anything, the Author will look ignorant, has ve-shalom, when the science changes. … recounting the story of Creation is … to tell us what happened during Creation, from the perspective of what we need to know to guide our lives. In recent history, the question of genre has had real-world consequences, most poignantly in the “Slifkin controversy,” in which several works of Rabbi Natan Slifkin on the topic of science, zoology, and Judaism, were banned by several leading ultra-Orthodox rabbis. Slifkin’s openness to scientific theory – and evaluation of the Torah and Talmud in light of those theories – prompted severe backlash. The backlash was predicated not just on the content of Slifkin’s work, but also on his tone and perspective, which was seen by some to be too open or critical. This controversy can be considered from the perspective of genre – if the Torah indeed is not a scientific work but a tract of ethics, law, and religious philosophy, then we need not fear scientific conclusions about creation that don’t easily align with the Torah’s apparent account. However, if the Torah is indeed a book that encompasses a science understandable to humanity, then books like Slifkin’s ban become the center of intense controversy. In our breakdown of the attitudes that have guided the relationship between science and religion (which you can find here), we used the analogy of the Torah as a book – with a genre – to understand the ways thinkers have navigated conflicts or meeting points between science and religion. The question of genre is fundamental to our understanding of the Torah, and to the way we approach the entire endeavor of reading the Divine text at the heart of the religious project. Enter Rabbi David Fohrman. For David – the acclaimed author, lecturer, and founder of the Aleph Beta Academy – the question of how to read the book of the Torah is the central question when considering science and religion. David is an eminent reader of the Torah, and his deeply erudite and highly creative readings of Biblical narratives have brought him dedicated readers and listeners from all ages and locales. David has a particular taste for the very beginning of the Torah (and of humanity), and his recently-published Genesis: A Parsha Companion offers the best of his rich thoughts on the topic. His deep interest in Genesis and the ways we read the Torah make David an expert on the question of science and Torah. In his words, explaining the fear some have for the early chapters of the Torah: The fear stems from the fact that some of us don’t know how to reconcile the science; it seems strange, for example, that during Creation vegetation preceded the sun. But God did start from the beginning, so we should start there. If the Torah is a guidebook, then the reason it’s recounting the story of Creation is not to explain the science behind it but rather to tell us what happened during Creation, from the perspective of what we need to know to guide our lives. You would expect the beginning of such a guidebook to touch upon some of the existential questions that are at the very center of what it means to be a human being: How do I orient myself in the universe? How do I develop a relationship with God and with other humans? What does it mean to be a human being? There is a real opportunity to touch on these fundamental issues right there at the very beginning. Science, religion, and Torah – a question of genre. In Rabbi David Fohrman’s conversation with 18Forty, he brings his humility, clear thinking, and erudition to the question of science and religion. He is a true joy to listen to, completely comfortable in the world of ideas and religion. Listen to David now to better appreciate the goals and guidance of the Torah, today. Listen to our podcast with Rabbi David Fohrman.
The vascular system is made up of arteries and veins. The arteries bring oxygenated blood from the heart to the different parts of the body and the veins return the blood to the heart. As one ages the arteries build up plaque, and blockages of the artery can cause less blood flow to the target organ. Vascular surgeons will work on the blockages of arteries everywhere except the heart and the brain. Diseases like diabetes, obesity, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure all accelerate this process. Smoking and lack of exercise also accelerate blockages in the artery. When the blockages occur in the carotid artery they are known as carotid artery disease, when in the kidney arteries-renal artery disease, when in the legs-peripheral arterial disease. Treatment of arterial disease can include minimally invasive balloon angioplasty, stenting, atherectomy or traditional open bypass or sometimes a combination of both called a hybrid procedure. Arteries can also grow in size and the wall can become weak and may become prone to rupture which is called aneurysmal disease. Vascular surgeons will treat aneurysms everywhere except around the heart, and in the brain. Aneurysmal disease quite often is asymptomatic, but can be silent killers and therefore are dangerous. Aneurysms can be treated with minimally invasive techniques with a covered stent, or traditional open technique with resection or hybrid procedures. Venous disease can involve the deep vein system where a clot can form and this is called deep venous thrombosis. Vascular surgeons will treat the veins to remove clot via minimally invasive dissolving, or open surgical techniques. They will also stent a compressed vein to improve circulation and swelling. Superficial venous disease involves the veins over distending and becoming leaky and are called varicose veins, which can cause pain, tiredness and bleeding and can also be treated with minimally invasive or traditional techniques. To learn more about each disease state, and treatments AccessCare offers, click on the conditions or treatment tabs.
Ocular Rosacea is a skin condition affecting the eyes. Ocular rosacea can precede rosacea, which is a skin condition affecting the face only. Usually, people between the ages of 30-50 are likely to be diagnosed with this condition. Ocular rosacea seems to develop in people who are more likely to blush and go red on occasion. Rosacea patients may notice a range of different ‘rash like’ spots on their face, which can sometimes be mistaken as acne or other conditions. Visiting your GP or eye doctor (if it looks like ocular rosacea) is the best suggestion to confirm the diagnosis of the condition. If you have never heard of ocular rosacea, keep on reading to find out more! Symptoms of Ocular Rosacea Ocular rosacea symptoms include but are not limited to the following: - Itching of the eyes - Blurred vision - Swollen eyelids - Sensitivity to light - Dilated small blood vessels Symptoms of rosacea, opposed to ocular rosacea may appear slightly different in severity. Causes of Ocular Rosacea Rosacea patients are usually effected by a variety of reasons including environmental factors, hereditary factors or an overactive immune system. It is not caused by poor hygiene and in no way is contagious. These are a few of the factors that may cause rosacea: - Spicy food - Strenuous exercise - Skin and hair products - Blocked glands in the eyelids - Eyelash mites - Alcohol and more If you have any symptoms or have been diagnosed with a form of rosacea, try cutting out a few of the above and see if it minimises the flare ups. There is no cure for rosacea, however, there are treatments that can help manage the condition and relax some of the symptoms. Artificial tears and lubricating eye drops are proven to be effective against ocular rosacea. There are oral antibiotics which with the anti-inflammatory effect, can calm down the redness. If you have blepharitis, a heat pack and warm water will help relieve the area. If you also use Blephadex to cleanse and remove the eyelash mites, then you will notice a significant difference in the swollen eyelids. As mentioned previously, if you try to minimise some of the potential causes such as alcohol or spicy food, it may minimise or completely rid you of your condition. If you notice that the ocular symptoms are worsening, then it may be time to book an appointment with your eye doctor. The symptoms to look out for which may cause complication are with the cornea and inflammation of the eyelids (blepharitis). This can cause secondary irritation of the cornea which would be uncomfortable and painful. There is a chance of vision loss with any corneal complication, which is why it is best to see an eye doctor as soon as you notice there symptoms.
Indigenous Individuals who are part of the intellectual disability community described their challenges and joys during a project created by AIDE Canada and partners Surrey Place, from 2021 to 2022. The year-long project, which was structured around the first nations holistic lifelong learning model, began with a series of community gatherings hosted by an Indigenous Elder. Forty community members attended the gatherings. The resources below were built to amplify and respond to community voices. Celebrating Intersectionality: Autism, Gender and Sexuality This webinar focuses on the important relationship between autism, gender expression and sexuality. Dr. Wenn Lawson and Yenn Purkis share their experiences and offer guidance in navigating neurodiversity as it relates to sexual identity and expression. This session will feature Dr. Lawson and Yenn Purkis covering key elements of development, identity and self-expression. Promoting Self-Determination Across the Lifespan Self-determination is the process by which a person controls their own life; their individual way of thinking and making decisions without outside influence. In this workshop, you’ll learn about self-determination and why it’s so important for individuals on the spectrum to begin developing these skills at a young age. This workshop will discuss strategies for various stages of development and will share the “One Page Profile”: a tool to assist in self-determination in a variety of settings Building Resilience: Recognizing and Combating Compassion Fatigue The Building Resilience webinar will focus on helping care providers recognize the signs, symptoms and complications of work-related stress, occupational hazards, burnout, vicarious trauma and compassion fatigue. The webinar will provide education utilizing evidence-based practice, and shares tools, skills and strategies to directly combat negative outcomes. Foundations and guidelines of comprehensive sexuality education and sex-positivity This toolkit supports the caregivers of autistic people, giving them a broad understanding of how to provide sex-positive comprehensive sexuality education to their family members. This, the first of a 4-part series, explores the gap in access to comprehensive sexuality education for people on the autism spectrum and for their caregivers to support them with sexuality education. Autism, It's Not Just for Males Anymore: Looking at the Female and Non-Binary Part of the Spectrum This Toolkit is intended to inform educators, parents, and yet-to-be diagnosed females, transgendered and nonbinary individuals about an alternative presentation of autism. The ratio of males to females appears to be much lower than previously thought. Obstacles to diagnosing those who do not present with the male phenotype are revealed, and the overlap with sexual and gender minorities and with eating disorders are exposed. Problems with the classification system and diagnostic tools are illuminated and alternative tools are identified. Intellectual and Developmental Disability Health Check Tool- A Resource for Doctors to Support Patients with IDD Health checks are comprehensive health reviews that family physicians can use with patients to provide additional preventative and proactive care. They can include a physical examination, prevention, or screening. Health checks are particularly beneficial to adults with Intellectual and/or Developmental Disabilities (IDD). The Developmental Disabilities Primary Care Program of Surrey Place Toronto published a tool called the "IDD Health Check" tool to support physicians. The tool includes practical information, including a point-of-care form, tips, and links to additional tools. It provides supplementary information based on the experiences of family doctors and practice tips from physicians with experience providing care to adults with IDD. Promoting Decision-Making Capabilities in Healthcare - A Tool for Clinicians This article provides an introduction and links to the Promoting Capabilities tool created by Surrey Place and in consultation with leading clinicians in Canada. This tool guides clinicians in shifting the focus from assessing what adults with IDD can or cannot do independently to evaluating and addressing the accommodations and support for decision making that they need to be involved as much as possible in reaching decisions about acceptable and preferred healthcare interventions. The Promoting Capabilities tool mitigates ableism present in the healthcare and legal systems by recognizing that adults with IDD have a range of decision-making capabilities. Exploring Physical Health and Aging in Autism Physical health is something most people worry about as they age, but few research studies have focused on healthy aging in autistic individuals. Join us for this webinar with experts from around the world as they discuss what we know, what we need to know, and what future directions research studies should take in order to better support autistic adults as they approach their senior years. Nunavut - We Have an Autism Diagnosis, Now What? This booklet is helpful for families and individuals who have recently received a diagnosis and want to know what services and/or resources are available to them in Nunavut. It was produced through collaboration between Autism Yukon and the Nunavummi Disabilities Makinnasuaqtiit Ensuring Safety: A Parent’s Perspective Written by a parent for parents, this toolkit offers considerations in seeking safety for one's child with autism. Areas in which an autistic individual may grapple with issues of safety are addressed, along with ideas for moving forward well and developing a safety plan. INSAR 2022: Motor Skills Problems in Autism: Emerging Evidence about Long-term Effects and Screening Children for Developmental Coordination Disorder The International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) is the largest autism research conference in the world. At this year's conference, the topic of motor skills difficulties in autism was explored by researchers from various fields. One presentation discussed the barriers to timely diagnosis and the long-term impact of motor issues for autistic adults. The second presentation discussed Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) and the use of a screening tool in assessing autistic children for DCD. Links to useful screening tools are provided so individuals can bring their concerns regarding DCD to their doctor. INSAR 2022: Central Sensitivity Syndromes in Autism: Emerging Evidence about Chronic Pain in Autistic Adults The International Society for Autism Research (INSAR) is the largest autism research conference in the world. At this year's conference, the topic of chronic pain in autism was explored by researchers from various fields. One presentation explored how Central Sensitivity Syndrome (CSS) relates to autism. CSS is an umbrella term for a group of health conditions that include chronic pain issues. The presenting researchers found that autistic individuals were more likely to be diagnosed with conditions that are commonly found in CSS, suggesting that there is a great deal of overlap between symptoms of CSS and the physical health and mental health conditions commonly associated with autism. Links to useful screening tools are provided so individuals can bring their concerns regarding pain management up with their doctors. How to say No: Practical Strategies This toolkit is designed to provide autistic persons guidance on how to say ‘no’ or communicate protest. All people have the right to say ‘no’. We first focus on the why it may be important to say ‘no’, as well as offering strategies and accessible language. Privacy Laws + Your Personal Health Information This toolkit explains privacy rights with your personal medical information in Canada. This toolkit provides answers to common and important questions about rights, access and use of this health information. Included are questions to consider asking your healthcare provider if you are unclear about what happens and who has access to your personal health information. Exploring Quality of Life and Aging in Autism After our first "Exploring Aging and Autism" webinar in 2021, many viewers requested that we host another webinar focused specifically on improving the quality of life for autistic elders as they age. Join us for our webinar panel session where we will bring together researchers and leaders in the field to discuss various perspectives on this important topic. Subscribe to the AIDE Canada Mailing List!
The synergy between Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) and business practices has given rise to a transformative symphony. This article explores the profound impact of GenAI on businesses, its wider implications for society, the benefits it bestows, key considerations for a responsible approach, and how it serves as a catalyst for the evolution of businesses. GenAI's Impact on Modern Business: Automating Operations: GenAI has redefined business operations by automating repetitive tasks, allowing human resources to focus on strategic initiatives. From data processing to customer support, businesses are embracing automation for enhanced efficiency. Innovating Products and Services: GenAI fuels innovation in product development and service offerings. Businesses leverage AI-generated insights to create cutting-edge products, driving competitiveness and staying ahead in rapidly evolving markets. Data-Driven Decision-Making: Businesses are increasingly relying on GenAI for data-driven decision-making. AI algorithms analyze vast datasets, providing valuable insights that inform strategic choices, marketing campaigns, and operational optimizations. Enhancing Customer Experiences: GenAI enables personalized customer experiences, from tailored product recommendations to chatbot interactions. This not only enhances customer satisfaction but also contributes to customer retention and loyalty. Benefits of GenAI for Modern Society: Increased Productivity: Automation through GenAI increases productivity across industries. Mundane tasks are streamlined, allowing employees to focus on higher-value, creative, and strategic aspects of their work. Innovation Acceleration: The ability of GenAI to generate novel ideas and solutions fosters innovation. Businesses can explore new avenues, creating products and services that may not have been conceivable without the assistance of AI. Improved Decision Accuracy: Data-driven insights provided by GenAI contribute to more accurate decision-making. Businesses can minimize risks, seize opportunities, and navigate complexities with a higher degree of certainty. Global Collaboration: GenAI-powered language translation facilitates global collaboration. Businesses can engage with international partners seamlessly, breaking down language barriers and fostering cross-cultural communication. Considerations and Awareness: Ethical Use of AI: The ethical use of GenAI is paramount. Businesses must be vigilant to prevent biases in algorithms and ensure fairness, transparency, and accountability in their AI applications. Security Challenges: The widespread use of GenAI introduces new security challenges. Businesses should implement robust cybersecurity measures to protect against potential threats, including deepfakes and data breaches. Workforce Transition: As automation becomes more prevalent, businesses must consider the impact on the workforce. Proactive measures, such as upskilling programs, can help employees adapt to the evolving job landscape. GenAI and Business Evolution: Agile Adaptation: Businesses leveraging GenAI exhibit agility in adapting to market changes. AI-driven insights allow organizations to pivot quickly, responding to consumer demands and staying relevant in dynamic industries. Strategic Planning: GenAI assists businesses in long-term strategic planning. By analyzing trends and predicting market shifts, organizations can position themselves strategically, anticipating challenges and capitalizing on opportunities. Enhancing Competitiveness: GenAI contributes to businesses' competitive edge. Those embracing AI technologies can innovate faster, offer superior customer experiences, and differentiate themselves in the market. The intersection of Generative Artificial Intelligence with modern business practices is a symphony of innovation and efficiency. As businesses harness the potential of GenAI, it is imperative to tread responsibly, considering ethical implications, security challenges, and workforce transitions. GenAI is not just a technological tool; it's a catalyst for the evolution of businesses, shaping a future where innovation, efficiency, and responsibility coexist harmoniously. All of this marks a pivotal moment in technological evolution. While reaping the benefits, it is crucial to maintain awareness of ethical considerations, security risks, and societal implications. As businesses harness the power of GenAI, responsible implementation will be key to maximizing the positive impact on society and ensuring a harmonious integration of AI technologies into our daily lives.
This 21st century is totally working on only one platform i.e. Social Media. Social Media is one of the main medium which everyone in the world is using for lot of purposes. Earlier there was no strong media as we are having now. People would suffer a lot without knowing the things going on around the world. Social media has great impact on emergency rescue operations as provides the information to interact with people and share that information. “Communication is one of the fundamental tools of emergency management, and it becomes crucial when there are dozens of agencies and organisations responding to a disaster,” said Tomer Simon from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU) in Israel. Mainly Social Media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook are sometimes the only communication medium that provides, survives and the first to recover as seen in disasters that struck the world in recent years. “Emergency organisations have only started using social media mainly as a response to the presence of the public in them,” Simon said. Emergency managers who were formerly used to one-directional distribution of information to the population are now exposed to vast amounts of information, originating from the public and typically before formal notifications. People are the first to adopt Social Media in innovative ways for their individual various needs in emergency. “In an emergency, the public is exposed to large quantities of information without being aware of its validity or risk of misinformation. However users are typically quick to correct misrepresentation thus making social media ‘self-regulating’,” Simon said. This was published in the International Journal of Information Management.
During this Thanksgiving season, we commemorate the coming together of English settlers and Native-Americans at Plymouth Colony, for what historians have dubbed “The First Thanksgiving.” This signal event brought the first Plymouth settlers and their Native-American neighbors together to feast, following a harrowing year that witnessed the deaths of half of the Pilgrim population during the winter of 1620-21. Yes, the survival of the remaining Pilgrims and the establishment of a viable colony is something to celebrate. Our national holiday, however, tends to overlook the momentous event that occurred on November 11, 1620: the signing of the Mayflower Compact. Histories of the Mayflower and Plymouth Colony have portrayed the settlers who came to Plymouth as religious dissenters, Protestants who were seeking religious freedom in the New World. That is mostly true, but a number of the Mayflower passengers were not “Separatists” escaping religious persecution, but rather were “Strangers,” men who came to America seeking to make money through trade. Indeed, the establishment of Plymouth Colony was financed by a group of London “Merchant Adventurers” who were expecting the Mayflower’s passengers to send back goods (primarily furs) from which they would derive substantial profits. When the Mayflower dropped anchor near Cape Cod in November 1620, therefore, there were essentially two classes of people who, when they went ashore, would need to co-exist, and work together to fulfill their obligations to the Merchant Adventurers. The leaders of the Mayflower voyage therefore thought it wise to reach agreement over how exactly the new colony was going to be governed. What emerged was a written “Compact,” or agreement, by which the settlers agreed to be bound in the conduct of their affairs once on land. The Mayflower Compact was a truly revolutionary document—the first English legal document that authorized the creation of a “civil Body Politick” not appointed by Parliament or the Crown, but by the people of Plymouth. The Colony’s political leaders would be empowered to regulate commerce, allocate land, resolve legal disputes, negotiate treaties, and otherwise oversee life in the Colony. This was unheard of! The Compact was signed by 41 of the ship’s 101 passengers (some of whom would die that first winter). The signers included both Separatists and Strangers, as well as indentured servants (such as John Howland) and crew members. As was typical for those times, no women signed the document. Why did this diverse group of Mayflower passengers decide to do this, and what did the Compact say? Why did the Mayflower passengers draw up the Compact? We have to step back in time for a moment. Before the Mayflower ever set sail for America, the Merchant Adventurers had to obtain a royal charter from the King authorizing the voyage, much as the Jamestown founders had obtained a charter for their voyage to Virginia back in 1606. The Plymouth Colony charter set forth where the settlers were to go, what lands they were authorized to settle, and the physical boundaries of the settlement itself. In the case of the Mayflower, the charter specified “Virginia,” which at that time included the areas now encompassed parts of New York, New Jersey, and the mid-Atlantic region. The passengers of the Mayflower therefore thought that was where they were headed. But when the Mayflower approached the coast of North America, they were far north of their intended destination, where they encountered violent storms that threw them off course. The Mayflower found itself being tossed and turned on the coast of New England. Facing extreme danger in continuing the voyage south towards “Virginia,” the Mayflower instead dropped anchor at Cape Cod. And it was there that the Mayflower passengers decided to settle. The problem, however, was that the Plymouth Colony’s charter did not authorize them to settle there! They were violating the terms of their charter, and in choosing to settle at Cape Cod, they were operating outside the laws of England. For that reason, the men of the Mayflower concluded that they needed a legally binding agreement amongst themselves, while they sought to obtain a new charter from the Crown that would cover the new territory they were about to occupy in New England. It should be emphasized here that in 1620, the Mayflower passengers were subjects of King James, and answerable to the Crown, even though they were trying to escape the tyranny of the Church of England. This explains why the Compact begins with these words: “In the name of God, Amen. We whose names are underwritten, the loyal subjects of our dread Sovereign Lord King James, by the Grace of God of Great Britain, France and Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, etc.” Given this circumstance, the colonists felt they needed to live by some version of English law, and operate as best they could according to English customs, even though they were about to settle down in a wild frontier, with no semblance of civilization. What did the Compact say? The Compact consisted of just two sentences, but the import of those few words was huge. Here is what the Pilgrims wrote: Having undertaken for the Glory of God, and Advancement of the Christian Faith, and the Honour of our King and Country, a Voyage to plant the first Colony in the northern Parts of Virginia; Do by these Presents, solemnly and mutually, in the Presence of God and one another, covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil Body Politick, for our better Ordering and Preservation, and Furtherance of the Ends aforesaid: And by Virtue hereof do enact, constitute, and frame, such just and equal Laws, Ordinances, Acts, Constitutions, and Offices, from time to time, as shall be thought most meet and convenient for the general Good of the Colony; unto which we promise all due Submission and Obedience. IN WITNESS whereof we have hereunto subscribed our names at Cape-Cod the eleventh of November, in the Reign of our Sovereign Lord King James, of England, France, and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland the fifty-fourth, Anno Domini; 1620. Below this text were the signatures of the 41 men, beginning with the man who was to be the Colony’s Governor, John Carver. He died the following April, one of many of the original 101 passengers who arrived at Plymouth but did not survive the first winter. The second signer was William Bradford, who served as Governor off and on until 1657. It was William Bradford who wrote the definitive account of the voyage of the Mayflower, entitled “Of Plymouth Plantation.” Bradford’s first-person account also documented– often in minute detail — how the colonists tried to live by the terms of the Compact, and to establish a “civil Body Politick.” Bradford’s writings also reflect the many challenges the Colony ensured, and the political strife the Colony experienced in those first few decades. Ten years after the landing of the Mayflower, Plymouth Colony faced one of its greatest challenges: a rival settlement, the Massachusetts Bay Colony, led by John Winthrop. The “Bay Colony” was mostly comprised of “Puritans,” who, like the Separatists, were religious dissenters, but who remained members of the Church of England and practiced a different form of Protestantism. Over time, it became apparent that the religious leaders of the Bay Colony were far less tolerant of those who did not abide by their strict orthodoxy, and who were quick to banish anyone who did not follow their strictures. Yet, the Bay Colony attracted thousands of immigrants, and by the 1690’s Plymouth Colony had seen its own population dwindle. In 1692, therefore, Plymouth Colony merged with the Bay Colony, and its “civil Body Politick” was no more. The courage of our Pilgrim ancestors: I end this short summary of the Mayflower Compact with William Bradford’s account of the Mayflower voyage and the landing at Plymouth—an enduring portrayal of the courage and conviction of the 101 passengers who made their way to the New World, and settled Plymouth Colony. His words capture the spirit of freedom that defines our Nation’s history: Here beginneth the chronicle of those memorable circumstances of the year 1620, as recorded by Nathaniel Morton, keeper of the records of Plymouth Colony, based on the account of William Bradford, sometime governor thereof: So they left that goodly and pleasant city of Leiden, which had been their resting-place for above eleven years, but they knew that they were pilgrims and strangers here below, and looked not much on these things, but lifted up their eyes to Heaven, their dearest country, where God hath prepared for them a city (Heb. XI, 16), and therein quieted their spirits. When they came to Delfshaven they found the ship and all things ready, and such of their friends as could not come with them followed after them, and sundry came from Amsterdam to see them shipt, and to take their leaves of them. One night was spent with little sleep with the most, but with friendly entertainment and Christian discourse, and other real expressions of true Christian love. The next day they went on board, and their friends with them, where truly doleful was the sight of that sad and mournful parting, to hear what sighs and sobs and prayers did sound amongst them; what tears did gush from every eye, and pithy speeches pierced each other’s heart, that sundry of the Dutch strangers that stood on the Key as spectators could not refrain from tears. But the tide (which stays for no man) calling them away, that were thus loath to depart, their Reverend Pastor, falling down on his knees, and they all with him, with watery cheeks commended them with the most fervent prayers unto the Lord and His blessing; and then with mutual embraces and many tears they took their leaves one of another, which proved to be the last leave to many of them. Being now passed the vast ocean, and a sea of troubles before them in expectations, they had now no friends to welcome them, no inns to entertain or refresh them, no houses, or much less towns, to repair unto to seek for succour; and for the season it was winter, and they that know the winters of the country know them to be sharp and violent, subject to cruel and fierce storms, dangerous to travel to known places, much more to search unknown coasts. Besides, what could they see but a hideous and desolate wilderness, full of wilde beasts and wilde men? and what multitudes of them there were, they then knew not: for which way soever they turned their eyes (save upward to Heaven) they could have but little solace or content in respect of any outward object; for summer being ended, all things stand in appearance with a weatherbeaten face, and the whole country, full of woods and thickets, represented a wild and savage hew. If they looked behind them, there was a mighty ocean which they had passed, and was now as a main bar or gulph to separate them from all the civil parts of the world.
Many members of the ATLAS Experiment Collaboration have been at the European Physical Society's HEP 2011 conference in Grenoble, France, this week, revealing the results of 35 new and exciting physics analyses for the very first time. The results are based on painstaking examinations of a large amount of data collected by the ATLAS Experiment as it combed the gleanings from high-speed proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland. This data amounted to one inverse femtobarn, which equates to around 70 million million collisions. Even more data will be taken during the coming months. The new results build on extensive measurements already made by ATLAS to study physics processes related to the Standard Model of particle physics - physicists' current best theory describing fundamental particles and how they interact. ATLAS results presented at EPS narrow down the mass range where the much talked-about Higgs boson - the final missing piece of the Standard Model - could possibly be hiding. This is just the tip of the iceberg in the quest for new physics, though, and ATLAS is simultaneously exploring many possible scenarios, all of which were presented at the conference. Such topics include supersymmetry, extra dimensions of space, particles more fundamental than quarks, particles of new forces, and much more. ATLAS physicists blogged live from HEP 2011, which gathered over 700 physicists and dozens of journalists from around the world.
One can never underestimate the benefits of reading, especially among children. A 2017 study by the University of Washington revealed that young people who read and write more are more likely to become good employees. These activities help them develop leadership or executive function skills. Reading is a complex activity, however, and it’s not a sole responsibility of one. In fact, it takes a village. At home, the duty lies on the parents. At school, it becomes the job of a teacher. For teachers handling little ones, there are many ways to encourage them to love and appreciate reading. These ideas can be a good start: 1. Let Them Share Stories Children as young as preschoolers can create not only imaginary worlds but also immerse themselves into the characters. This is the finding of the 2007 research by the University of Waterloo. Teachers can, therefore, begin a storytelling activity, where they set up the narrative, and the kids can fill in the gaps. Even better, teachers can publish a children’s book for free with these tales. Children at these ages might struggle with writing, but facilitators and even parents can step in as they can provide the narrative. The little ones can make the illustrations. Then, once the books are out, they can share their stories with their friends and family, as well as other kids, boosting their social skills in the process. 2. Play Some Music A 2009 research by Camilo Ortiz and Joseph Piro from Long Island University showed a strong connection between reading skills and music education—that is, those who developed proficiency in the latter tends to excel in the former as well. One of the possible explanations is the way people process both language and music: they tend to be similar. During reading class, it may benefit children if they listen to music or perhaps expose them to instruments such as the keyboards. Teachers can also encourage the kids to participate in a music-related program, whether at school or in the community. 3. Understand the Reading Levels of the Children Many children struggle with reading for a variety of reasons. For example, about 80% of the population with poor reading skills may have dyslexia. It is a learning disability characterized by the difficulty of interpreting graphic symbols including letters. Vision problems can also have an impact. A 2018 study by the University of Waterloo revealed children whose reading abilities are below their grade levels might have binocular vision issues. This is even if their standard eye tests said they have 20/20 vision. Since teachers spend a lot of time with the kids, they are the ones capable of spotting these types of problems, so early intervention becomes possible. 4. Intend to Read Give the children time to practice independent reading. It can be as short as 15 minutes a day. While they’re doing it, you can also read the same material with them. This way, you can talk about what you learn later. You can use this opportunity to assess their vocabulary, comprehension, and speaking skills. As teachers, you’re one of the best support systems for kids, especially when it comes to learning how to read. You can help them develop the skills that can boost not only their creativity but also their chances of building a good life for themselves and their future family.
Have you ever wondered about those cookies tracking your online moves? You know, the pop-ups bugging you for consent and ads pushing stuff you recently checked out – all because of the sneaky cookies. But what are tracking cookies? In this read, we will find out how these tracking cookies keep tabs on your online actions and why they are a thing. Keep reading to learn what info cookies collect, how they do it, and ways to shut them down if you feel they are invading your privacy. Let us get into it. What are Cookies and Its Different Types Think of cookies as small helpers for websites. When you visit a site, these tiny text files keep track of your username, password, what links you clicked, etc. They also remember your shopping cart, where you are, and your preferences on the site. Picture a cookie as a special tag for your computer. When you first visit a site, it gives your computer this tag, like a unique ID. The next time you return, the site recognizes you using this tag and gives you a personalized experience based on what you did before. For example, it remembers your login details, so you do not have to type them in again. Now the question is, who makes these cookie tags? Well, when you go to a website, your internet browser sends your info to the site’s server, and it gets stored in these cookies. Image Source: Combell There are two main types of cookies: first-party cookies and third-party cookies. Let us get to know about them. These are like your site-specific buddies. They remember your preferences and accounts, making your visits smoother. They are called session or temporary cookies because they work only when you are on the site and vanish when you leave. These are like the curious spies of the internet. Other websites put them on the site you are visiting to track what you are up to. For instance, if a site shows ads, the companies behind those ads can use third-party cookies to learn about you, even if you do not click on the ads. How and What Information Tracking Cookies Collect? Tracking cookies helps show ads for products to users with similar interests or search queries. They track your online behaviors, like the websites you visit, pages you browse, and products you click on or buy, using data such as your IP address and location. Advertisers use this info to tailor ads, providing you with a personalized online shopping experience. Are Tracking Cookies Dangerous to Your Website? Cookies, like tracking cookies, are not really a threat to your website. They will not mess up your devices or sneak in bad stuff. But if you are into keeping your information private, tracking cookies might bug you. Think of tracking cookies as guests from other websites. They are here to grab data for ads. But sometimes, big ad companies leave these cookies, and they end up taking a bunch of your personal information. That can feel a bit too nosy. Does Your Website Use Tracking Cookies? If you are in charge of a website or run a website of your own, it is a good idea to know about the cookies it uses, especially those set by others (third parties). Sometimes, websites are unaware of all the different parties that can place cookies on users’ browsers. To make this easier, you can use a free tool to scan your website. There are many cookie-tracking software available for you. It reports the kinds of cookies your site uses, why they are there, where they are from, and how long they last. Because people are more concerned about privacy, there are rules about using cookies. Two significant ones: ✅ General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) in the European Union. ✅ California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) in the US. Let us give you a short brief about these two prominent laws on cookies in the next section before moving further. What are GDPR and CCPA Regulations on Tracking Cookies? Image Source: Varonis - Scope: Applies in the European Union. - Consent: Requires clear user consent for tracking cookies. - Transparency: Websites must explain cookie use clearly. - User Rights: Users can request data deletion, including cookie data. - Scope: Applies in California, USA. - Opt-Out Right: Users can opt out of their data being sold, which includes cookie data. - Notice Requirement: Businesses must inform users about cookie use. - Non-Discrimination: Users opting out should not face service degradation. Both regulations stress user consent, transparency, and individual rights regarding tracking cookies. Businesses in these regions must comply to respect user privacy. What if you want to disable tracking cookies while browsing the internet? There are numerous methods to do this. Among those various processes, we will let you know 3 easiest ways to disable tracking cookies while browsing any site. Let us get started. How to Block Tracking Cookies While Surfing The Web: 3 Easy Ways If you feel that tracking cookies are disturbing for you or think it might be dangerous for your personal information, here are a few options to block tracking cookies, either individually or all at once, for your convenience: Method 1: Change Your Browser Settings The first method is pretty simple. All you need to do is visit your browser settings. For Chrome users, click the three dots in the top right corner and navigate Settings → Privacy and security → Third-party cookies. Now, pick an option: block third-party cookies (in regular or incognito mode) or block all cookies (including first-party ones). Alternatively, you can opt to allow cookies but set your browser to clear them every time you close it. This way, it will not retain any cookies for your next browsing session. Method 2: Install an Extension on Your Browser For added safety, or if you like using browser extensions, consider Ghostery or DuckDuckGo. These tools stop tracking cookies and let you manage your browsing data with customizable settings. You stay in control by using these extensions. In addition to blocking cookies and ads, these extensions also assign privacy scores to the websites you visit. They provide details about the companies tracking your online activities. Method 3: Carefully Read GDPR Pop-ups While You See It If you find yourself quickly agreeing to all GDPR notifications on websites without reading them due to time constraints, consider being more cautious next time. Instead of choosing ‘Accept all’ or ‘I agree’ blindly, take a moment to review the details. Be selective about your consent by only allowing cookies that you want to keep and eliminating those that may be more harmful. Refine Your Marketing Strategies & Enhance User Experience with Tracking Cookies We hope that this post will help you to know more about tracking cookies and how they operate while you are surfing the web. Are they good or bad? It is a bit unclear. First-party cookies seem fine, but tracking cookies is debatable. If you value your online privacy, consider turning off tracking cookies. However, be aware that companies may still track you in other ways. On the flip side, if you are okay with companies collecting info for marketing, you can leave cookies on. To get more guides to keep your website up and running, please subscribe to our blog.
Rose implements a new probabilistic model of the evolution of RNA-, DNA-, or protein-like sequences. Guided by an evolutionary tree, a family of related sequences is created from a common ancestor sequence by insertion, deletion and substitution of characters. During this artificial evolutionary process, the `true' history is logged and the `correct' multiple sequence alignment is created simultaneously. The model also allows for varying rates of mutation within the sequences, making it possible to establish so-called sequence motifs. The data created by Rose are suitable for the evaluation of methods in multiple sequence alignment computation and the prediction of phylogenetic relationships. It can also be useful when teaching courses in or developing models of sequence evolution and in the study of evolutionary processes
Organ and blood stem cells are specialized types of stem cells with distinctive roles in the body’s regenerative processes. These cells play a pivotal role in maintaining the health and functionality of specific tissues and organs, as well as contributing to the production of blood cells throughout an individual’s life. Organ Stem Cells Organ stem cells, also known as tissue-specific or somatic stem cells, are found in various organs and tissues throughout the body. These cells possess the remarkable ability to self-renew and differentiate into specialized cell types that constitute the particular organ they reside in. Unlike embryonic stem cells, which have the potential to become any cell type in the body, organ stem cells are multipotent or unipotent, meaning they can give rise to a limited range of cell types within their tissue of origin. For example, in the skin, there are stem cells that can regenerate skin cells, and in the liver, there are hepatic stem cells that contribute to the regeneration of liver tissue. The presence of organ stem cells ensures the ongoing renewal and repair of tissues, playing a critical role in maintaining organ function. Blood Stem Cells Blood stem cells, also known as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), are a type of multipotent stem cell found in the bone marrow. These cells have the unique ability to differentiate into various blood cell types, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Hematopoietic stem cells are crucial for replenishing the blood cell supply throughout an individual’s life, as blood cells have a limited lifespan and need constant renewal. Blood stem cell transplantation is a well-established medical procedure used to treat various blood-related disorders, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and certain genetic blood disorders. In this procedure, healthy blood stem cells are transplanted into a patient to replace damaged or diseased cells and restore proper blood cell production. Significance in Medicine Both organ and blood stem cells hold significant promise in the field of regenerative medicine. Understanding the behavior and properties of these cells allows researchers to explore therapeutic applications, including the development of treatments for degenerative diseases, injuries, and conditions affecting specific organs or blood-related disorders. Harnessing the regenerative potential of stem cells offers the possibility of repairing or replacing damaged tissues and organs, revolutionizing the way we approach the treatment of various medical conditions. Ongoing research continues to uncover the intricacies of stem cell biology, paving the way for innovative therapies and medical advancements that have the potential to improve the lives of countless individuals.
Mobile App Design Mobile app design refers to the designing of applications for mobile phones and tablets, with attention paid to integrating user interface (UI) and user experience (UX). While user experience bothers on a user’s overall experience with a product, service, user interface deals with the interaction between users and computer systems, software, and applications. Both factors go a long way to set a website, mobile app, or computer program apart from others. They are usually designed to be as unique to a product, service, or brand as possible. Without a doubt, most users are selective about the apps that they use and keep on their devices. They are quick to abandon an app that does not give them a satisfying experience after using it for the first time. Sometimes, they simply download and keep it on the phone without engaging with it. The fact remains that users are conscious of the availability other competing apps that will provide the same solution yet with a better user-experience. A well-developed UI helps to facilitate an effective interaction between the user and the software, using attractive design, complementary visuals, and sleek responsiveness. All these are aimed at providing users with positive UX, such that they become loyal to the product or services. Beyond all that, having a good mobile app design communicates a lot about your business or brand to new customers. Imagine driving people from your business’s YouTube Channel or Facebook page to download a particular app. Once these people get to download the app, the design could either prompt to probe further into what it has to offer, or completely turn them off. As such, anyone looking to develop an app and pitch it to a given target audience needs consider design as a top priority. From the planning stage to the development, testing, and deployment stages, an app can come off good but is never completely done. As such, we do not just provide you with an amazing design. Our team of professionals has made available the possibility of reviewing the design and making it work even better for you as new trends unfold. Google Android and Apple’s iOS are the dominant forces in the smartphone operating systems market. From the outset, every company has to decide the operating systems with which the new app will be compatible. More often than not, the design is tailored to suit these two giants. Nonetheless, some specific needs and target markets could necessitate that you favor either of the two. Security is the main demand for app designs. With it, users will are assured that their data is safe. Imagine requesting for confidential details of users, perhaps to unlock more features or for subscription, and the security of the app is compromised. The chance of someone whose space was accessed without permission to regain the trust for the app will not be more than slim. Definitely! Not only can changes be made on a design after launch. There is a need to constantly maintain it, given new trends and the fact that apps are never perfect. They are only good for release at some point after testing. Unless you are a reincarnate of unicorns like Uber, Facebook, and Twitter to name a few, you may not be quick to realize millions of dollars before making any revenue. So, you need a solid monetization strategy while the mobile app is being designed. We will work with you to get the best strategy to monetize your app. A lot of factors contribute to the cost of developing a mobile app. Perhaps the number one determinant is the level of complexity of the project. Some projects are simple and require about 100 hours of work. The price might be between 5000-6000 Dollars. Apps with medium level of complexity might go as high as 10000 Dollars and take as much as 200 hours of intense work time. However, super complex apps cost double that amount or more. So, it all depends on what you want. The best bet is for you to discuss your need with the developer who would help you determine what works for you. There is no definite answer to that question because apps vary based on what they are intended to achieve. A basic app with minimal level of complexity should not take more than 100 hours to complete. But, complex apps require huge database and a lot of details in terms of configuration. To design such an app, it might take the developer close to three weeks.
The concept of bodyguards and their growing importance in today’s world In a world where personal safety is increasingly at risk, bodyguards have become indispensable for individuals seeking to safeguard their lives and privacy. From high-profile politicians navigating public office to celebrities dealing with invasive media attention, and businessmen managing corporate rivalries, the demand for professional bodyguards has surged. These trained security experts go beyond physical protection, offering risk assessments, crowd management, and strategic planning to shield their clients from potential threats. With rising global instability and the constant presence of both physical and digital dangers, the role of bodyguards has expanded significantly, making them a critical component in ensuring peace of mind for high-profile individuals. The growing importance of bodyguards stems from the diverse and complex challenges faced by public figures in today’s interconnected world. From managing large crowds at public appearances to neutralizing potential threats discreetly, their work requires a combination of expertise, agility, and discretion. Moreover, as technological advancements introduce new risks like cyberattacks, bodyguards are adapting by integrating advanced tools and techniques into their operations. This evolution underscores their essential role in a world where personal security is no longer a luxury but a necessity. Whether for politicians, celebrities, or businessmen, bodyguards provide a robust shield against the uncertainties of modern life. The Role of Bodyguards Bodyguards play a critical role in ensuring the safety and security of individuals who face heightened risks due to their public profiles, wealth, or influence. Their responsibilities extend beyond mere physical presence, as they often serve as strategists, risk assessors, and personal safety experts. Below are the key roles and responsibilities that define the work of professional bodyguards: - Personal Protection The primary responsibility of a bodyguard is to safeguard their client from physical harm. This includes preventing attacks, managing potential threats, and staying alert to ensure their client’s safety in public and private spaces. - Risk Assessment Bodyguards are trained to identify and evaluate potential risks before they escalate. This includes analyzing locations, anticipating crowd behavior, and staying informed about possible security threats. - Travel Security Whether on local commutes or international trips, bodyguards ensure secure transportation. They scout routes, inspect vehicles, and coordinate with local authorities to provide seamless and safe travel. - Crowd Management High-profile individuals often attract large crowds, making it essential for bodyguards to maintain order and protect their clients from overly enthusiastic fans, protesters, or potential attackers. - Emergency Response In case of unforeseen incidents, bodyguards are equipped to react swiftly, ensuring their client is evacuated or shielded effectively. Their training includes first aid, defensive driving, and conflict de-escalation. - Confidentiality and Discretion Beyond physical protection, bodyguards respect their client’s privacy and maintain confidentiality. They ensure that sensitive information is protected, adding a layer of trust to their professional relationship. The role of a bodyguard varies depending on the client’s specific needs and the context of the environment. Their responsibilities often require a combination of physical strength, mental alertness, and advanced training to handle any situation effectively. Why Are Bodyguards Essential for Public Figures? Public figures, including politicians, celebrities, and business leaders, often face unique challenges that make them vulnerable to a variety of risks. Their visibility and influence attract attention, which can sometimes lead to unwarranted threats. Bodyguards are essential in mitigating these dangers, ensuring their clients’ safety, privacy, and peace of mind. Below are the key reasons why public figures rely on the expertise of professional bodyguards: - Protection from Physical Threats High-profile individuals are at risk of physical harm due to their prominence. Bodyguards provide a protective shield against attacks, whether from individuals with malicious intent or from overzealous fans. - Managing Privacy and Intrusions Celebrities and influential figures often struggle with maintaining their personal space due to constant media and public scrutiny. Bodyguards help create a boundary, ensuring their clients’ privacy is respected and protected. - Dealing with Stalking and Harassment Many public figures face persistent threats from stalkers or individuals with obsessive behaviors. Bodyguards are trained to identify and handle such situations, ensuring that these threats are neutralized effectively. - Safeguarding During Public Appearances Whether attending a political rally, a red-carpet event, or a corporate meeting, public figures are often in vulnerable settings. Bodyguards assess these environments for risks and provide a secure presence to prevent potential incidents. - Kidnap and Ransom Prevention Wealthy businessmen and their families are prime targets for kidnappers seeking ransom. Bodyguards implement preventive measures, such as secure travel arrangements and protective protocols, to reduce these risks. - Emergency Response in Crisis Situations In the event of emergencies like protests, riots, or unforeseen attacks, bodyguards act as first responders. They are equipped to evacuate their clients and handle crisis situations with precision and speed. Public figures operate in a high-stakes environment where even minor security lapses can have significant consequences. Professional bodyguards provide the expertise, vigilance, and adaptability necessary to navigate these challenges, ensuring their clients’ safety at all times. The risks faced by politicians, celebrities, and businessmen High-profile individuals, such as politicians, celebrities, and businessmen, often operate in the public eye, making them vulnerable to a wide range of risks. Their prominence, influence, and wealth attract unwanted attention, exposing them to threats that can jeopardize their safety, reputation, and peace of mind. Understanding these risks is crucial for implementing effective security measures. Below are the primary threats faced by these groups: - Physical Attacks Politicians and celebrities are often targeted during public appearances or events. These attacks can stem from political opposition, extremist groups, or unstable individuals seeking attention. - Stalking and Harassment Celebrities and businessmen frequently deal with obsessive fans,disgruntled individuals, or professional rivals who stalk or harass them, creating psychological and physical stress. - Kidnapping and Ransom Wealthy businessmen and their families are prime targets for kidnappings aimed at extorting large sums of money. These incidents often occur in regions with weak law enforcement or high crime rates. - Cyber Threats and Identity Theft In today’s digital world, cybercriminals exploit high-profile individuals by hacking their devices, stealing sensitive information, or impersonating them online. - Reputational Damage Politicians and celebrities, in particular, face the risk of reputational harm through false accusations, leaks of personal information, or deliberate smear campaigns. - Crowd-Related Incidents Large gatherings, whether political rallies or entertainment events, pose risks such as stampedes, mob behavior, or aggressive fans, all of which can endanger public figures. - Espionage and Corporate Sabotage Businessmen are at risk of corporate espionage, where competitors or hostile entities steal trade secrets or disrupt operations, causing significant financial and reputational damage. These risks are often complex and interrelated, requiring tailored security strategies to mitigate them effectively. Employing professional bodyguards is one of the most reliable ways to ensure the safety and well-being of politicians, celebrities, and businessmen amidst these challenges. Bodyguards for Politicians Bodyguards for politicians play a vital role in maintaining their safety amidst the heightened risks they face due to their public visibility. From political rallies to diplomatic meetings, these professionals ensure that their clients are protected from physical threats, protests, and potential attacks. Their presence provides a sense of security, allowing politicians to focus on their responsibilities. The responsibilities of bodyguards for politicians include crowd management, risk assessment, and emergency response. They are trained to anticipate potential threats, neutralize risks, and act swiftly in crisis situations. This makes them indispensable during high-stakes events like speeches, debates, and international visits. In addition to physical protection, bodyguards also safeguard politicians’ privacy and manage secure travel arrangements. Whether escorting them to public engagements or coordinating with local law enforcement, these professionals ensure seamless security. Their discretion and professionalism are crucial in maintaining the trust and safety of their high-profile clients. How bodyguards ensure their privacy and security during public events? Public events often present unique challenges for high-profile individuals, as they require navigating large crowds, media attention, and unpredictable situations. Bodyguards play a crucial role in maintaining their clients’ privacy and security in such settings. By employing strategic measures and advanced techniques, bodyguards ensure a controlled and safe environment. Here are the key ways they achieve this: - Crowd Management Bodyguards assess and control crowd behavior, creating a secure perimeter around their client. They prevent unauthorized individuals from approaching, ensuring a buffer zone that prioritizes safety and privacy. - Pre-Event Risk Assessment Before the event, bodyguards conduct thorough risk assessments of the venue, identifying potential vulnerabilities. This includes mapping escape routes, assessing entry and exit points, and analyzing potential threats. - Securing the Client’s Route Bodyguards coordinate secure transportation to and from the venue, ensuring that the client’s movements are discreet and protected from prying eyes or potential ambushes. - Media and Public Interaction Control During public events, bodyguards monitor interactions with fans and the media, ensuring that boundaries are respected. They intervene tactfully to manage intrusive behavior while maintaining a professional demeanor. - Rapid Emergency Response If an unexpected threat arises, bodyguards are trained to act swiftly, escorting the client to safety while minimizing chaos. Their ability to handle crises efficiently ensures that their client’s privacy and security are not compromised. Public events are inherently unpredictable, but with skilled bodyguards managing the environment, high-profile individuals can focus on their engagements without concern for safety or privacy breaches. Why Businessmen Need Bodyguards? Successful businessmen often face unique security challenges due to their wealth, influence, and high-profile status. Whether dealing with corporate rivals, financial crimes, or personal safety threats, their prominence makes them vulnerable to various risks. Bodyguards provide essential protection, ensuring that businessmen can focus on their professional responsibilities without worrying about their safety. Below are the key reasons why businessmen require bodyguards: - Protection Against Kidnapping and Ransom Threats Wealthy businessmen are prime targets for kidnappers seeking financial gain. Bodyguards implement strict security measures, such as secure transportation and constant monitoring, to prevent such incidents. - Safeguarding During Business Travel Business trips often involve unfamiliar environments and higher exposure to risks. Bodyguards ensure secure travel arrangements, scout locations, and accompany their clients to prevent potential threats while abroad. - Defense Against Corporate Espionage In the competitive world of business, rivals may resort to unethical methods like espionage or sabotage. Bodyguards help protect sensitive meetings, documents, and personal spaces from unauthorized access. - Maintaining Security at Public Events and Meetings Public appearances, such as press conferences or shareholder meetings, expose businessmen to crowds and potential risks. Bodyguards manage these situations, ensuring a controlled environment and quick response to any disturbances. - Preventing Unsolicited Interactions Bodyguards prevent unwelcome encounters with individuals who might pose threats or disrupt the businessman’s routine, such as aggressive protestors or disgruntled former employees. The demanding nature of a businessman’s life, coupled with the potential risks they face, underscores the importance of professional security services. Bodyguards provide peace of mind and protection, allowing businessmen to operate effectively in high-pressure environments. How to Hire Professional Bodyguards? Hiring a professional bodyguard is a critical decision that requires careful consideration to ensure the safety and security of high-profile individuals. The right bodyguard or security service can provide a customized protection plan based on the client’s specific needs. Below are the essential steps and factors to consider when hiring a professional bodyguard: - Assess Your Security Needs Before hiring a bodyguard, it’s crucial to evaluate the level of protection required. Consider factors such as the nature of potential threats, frequency of public appearances, and travel patterns. This helps determine whether a single bodyguard or a full security team is needed. - Check Credentials and Experience Professional bodyguards should have proper training and relevant experience in the security field. Look for certifications in self-defense, first aid, risk management, and experience working with high-profile clients. A reputable security firm can provide background checks and references. - Evaluate Communication Skills A professional bodyguard must be able to communicate effectively with both the client and other security personnel. Clear communication is essential for executing a protection plan smoothly and responding to threats efficiently. - Look for Discretion and Professionalism Bodyguards must maintain a high level of discretion and professionalism, especially when dealing with personal or confidential matters. They should respect the privacy of their clients and avoid drawing attention during public events. - Consult with Security Firms If you prefer to hire through an agency, research security firms with a strong reputation and proven track record. Discuss your needs and ensure the agency provides bodyguards who specialize in the type of protection required (e.g., political, celebrity, or business protection). Hiring a professional bodyguard is not just about physical protection; it’s about finding someone who is reliable, trustworthy, and capable of handling any situation discreetly. Ensuring thorough vetting and a clear understanding of your security needs will help secure the right person for the job. Future Trends in Personal Security As technology continues to evolve, the field of personal security is also experiencing significant changes. Advancements in digital tools, surveillance systems, and security strategies are shaping the future of personal protection. These innovations promise to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of bodyguards and security teams. Below are some key trends expected to shape the future of personal security: - Integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) ✅ AI technologies are set to play a crucial role in personal security, from facial recognition systems to predictive analytics. AI can help bodyguards identify potential threats in real-time, allowing them to respond more quickly and effectively. - Cybersecurity and Digital Protection ✅ As cyber threats become more sophisticated, personal security will extend beyond physical protection to include digital security. Bodyguards and security teams will need to safeguard their clients from hacking attempts, data breaches, and identity theft by using advanced encryption and secure communication methods. - Wearable Technology for Monitoring ✅ The rise of wearable devices, such as smartwatches and health monitors, will aid personal security. These devices can track the client’s location, health status, and even detect sudden movements or changes in behavior that may indicate a threat, providing real-time alerts to bodyguards. - Drones for Surveillance and Monitoring ✅ Drones are becoming an increasingly popular tool for monitoring large areas during public events or high-profile visits. Equipped with cameras and sensors, drones can provide live feeds to security teams, enabling them to detect potential threats from a distance. - Autonomous Vehicles for Secure Transport ✅ Autonomous vehicles are expected to revolutionize secure transportation for high-profile individuals. These vehicles can be equipped with advanced security features such as bulletproof windows, GPS tracking, and AI-powered threat detection, ensuring the client’s safety during travel. As personal security continues to evolve, integrating cutting-edge technology with traditional security practices will allow for more effective and proactive protection strategies. Keeping up with these trends will be essential for maintaining high levels of safety and privacy in an increasingly interconnected world. Conclusion ⏩ bodyguards play a crucial role in ensuring the safety and privacy of politicians, celebrities, and businessmen. Their expertise in managing risks, controlling crowds, and providing discreet protection allows these high-profile individuals to navigate their public and private lives with confidence. As threats evolve, the importance of professional security continues to grow, making bodyguards indispensable in today’s world.
What does “preventative medicine in fish” mean? Essentially, all it means is calling the doctor before your fish is sick in order to catch disease early. The earlier a disease can be caught, the easier it is to manage. This is why you get your yearly physical, routine bloodwork and colonoscopy. The same is true for your pets. No matter what kind of pet you own, they should go to their vet at least once a year for a general health screening. This allows your veterinarian to catch disease early. And fish are no exception. A yearly checkup from your aquatic veterinarian will go a long way in making sure your fish has a long, healthy life. (If you think your fish doesn’t deserve veterinary care because he only cost a few bucks, we recommend you read this and come back.) Our preventative health packages are offered throughout the year and allow our veterinarian to pick up on subtle clues that your fish might be sicker than you realize. (Since she does nothing but stare at fish all day, she is REALLY good at picking out sick fish.) But there are some things you can do that will be of great benefit for your fish. It essentially comes down to two main things: - Good water quality - Good diet These two points are the best preventative medicine in fish. Yes, we’re back to water quality… again. It is the #1 important aspect of fish health. Test your water regularly with a liquid-based test kit, not those useless test strips and chart your results. By recording your results on a regular basis (monthly, weekly, daily), you will notice trends earlier and be able to fix them before they start to make your fish sick. For all you could possibly want to learn on water quality, visit this page or watch our webinar below. There are numerous fish diets on the market and making the critical decision of good vs. bad is not very straightforward. With too much information, your brain goes on overload and you will simply buy the cheapest or most expensive food. When deciding on a food for your fish, take a little extra time to consider a few key points: - Total protein % - Unless you’re growing show fish, your protein for goldfish will be around 30%, bettas around 35% and tropicals will vary depending on if they are carnivorous, omnivorous, or herbivorous. Check out this website if you need more guidance on what your fish should be eating. - How many protein sources can you count on the label? - More proteins listed = less complete sources = cheap. There is nothing wrong with cheap fish food, but you don’t always get what you pay for. - Pellets are better nutrition than flakes, unless you have very small fish. - This comes down to simple physics and chemistry – spheres have a lower surface-to-mass ratio than a flat flake, allowing them to hold onto water-soluble vitamins, like vitamin C, longer. - Price has relatively little bearing on quality - Just because a food is supposedly “better” does not mean it is more expensive. Larger companies with more resources for research and marketing may cost $0.62 to $1.18 per ounce. Unless your fish is super picky or has a restrictive diet, you really can’t go wrong with most of the major brands. - Pick a size container that your fish will eat up in 6 months - When properly stored, most water soluble vitamins will stay in fish food for about 6 months. If your food is older than that, you’re not doing your fish any favors – chuck it. We’ve NEVER seen a betta finish a whole container of betta food. - Frozen diets may seem “better,” but they can leave out key vitamins and minerals. - All diets, be they for yourself, your dog, or your fish, are best with an assortment of sources. Frozen diets are fine, but don’t feed your fish the same blood worm block for days on end. Mix it up with pellets, a variety of frozen menus and even some fresh veggies if you like. - Just because you are vegetarian/vegan, does not mean your fish should be as well. - We have no problem with whatever diet you choose to feed yourself, but most fish species need animal protein, most herbivores included. The vegetarian/vegan fish foods on the market do not have any longevity studies. By removing certain proteins from their diet, you are setting your fish up for a decreased life span, immune response and proper development. By taking these few steps and setting your fish up for a healthy future, your annual visits will be quick, simple and cheaper! Preventative medicine is great for all pets and their human owners. Take these simple steps now to save yourself the stress in the future!
Every great athlete starts with a promising beginning. Behind each record-breaking moment is a journey of dedication, talent, and perseverance. From early successes to overcoming setbacks, the road to the top is never easy. This article dives into the key moments, challenges, and aspirations that shape a champion’s legacy. As we explore the rigorous training, mental toughness, and the impact on both sport and community, you’ll discover what truly sets these athletes apart. Keep reading to uncover the story behind the triumphs and what lies ahead. The Role of Natural Talent and Early Achievements Natural talent often lays the foundation for success in sports, but it must be nurtured and developed. Athletes who excel early in their careers tend to demonstrate an innate ability that sets them apart from others. Whether it’s speed, strength, or agility, these gifts are quickly recognized and often propel them to early accomplishments. Early achievements provide the motivation to keep pushing forward. Athletes often find themselves winning local competitions or earning national titles, showcasing their potential. These victories don’t come without effort, though. Behind each success is a combination of dedication and a commitment to improve. The experience gained during these formative years becomes invaluable, helping to shape a mindset focused on growth and resilience. Natural talent alone is not enough to sustain a successful career. It’s the hard work, discipline, and constant learning that builds on these early gifts. Combining these qualities with early achievements helps athletes create a strong foundation for the challenges they will face as their careers progress. The Rigorous Training Regimen and Daily Routine A structured training regimen is the backbone of athletic success. Athletes follow demanding schedules that test both their physical and mental limits. Each day is carefully planned to include a balance of strength training, endurance work, and technique refinement. Whether it’s early morning runs or intense gym sessions, consistency becomes key in building the stamina and power needed for competitions. Physical preparation is only one part of the equation. Athletes also incorporate exercises that sharpen their mental focus. This can involve visualization techniques or mindfulness practices, which help them stay calm and concentrated during high-pressure moments. Training sessions are often intense and repetitive, but repetition creates muscle memory, allowing athletes to perform at their best when it matters most. Nutrition plays a vital role in fueling these demanding routines. Balanced meals rich in protein, complex carbohydrates, and essential fats help in muscle recovery and energy maintenance. Proper rest is equally important, allowing the body to heal and recharge between workouts. The daily routine of an athlete is a testament to discipline. From early mornings to late-night recovery sessions, the day is filled with activities that support their growth and performance. Each session, no matter how small, contributes to their long-term success and helps them stay competitive on the national and international stage. Importance of Coaching and Nutritional Focus Coaching forms the cornerstone of an athlete’s development. A skilled coach not only helps refine technical skills but also provides guidance in strategy and mental preparation. The relationship between an athlete and their coach is built on trust, with the coach offering critical insights into performance, pinpointing areas for improvement, and pushing the athlete beyond their comfort zone. Effective communication and personalized training plans enable athletes to reach their full potential while maintaining focus on long-term goals. Nutrition is equally important in supporting athletic performance. A well-balanced diet ensures that the body has the necessary energy to endure intensive training sessions and recover efficiently afterward. Athletes work closely with nutritionists to tailor meal plans that meet their specific needs, incorporating the right balance of proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. Hydration is another key aspect of their nutritional regimen, helping to maintain endurance and prevent fatigue. Both coaching and nutrition work hand in hand to optimize the athlete’s performance. The personalized training strategies developed by the coach are complemented by the athlete’s nutritional habits, ensuring they are fully prepared, both physically and mentally, to meet the demands of competition. This balance between external guidance and internal discipline shapes a sustainable path for success. National Titles and International Recognition Achieving national titles is often the first major milestone in an athlete’s career, signifying their rise within their home country. These victories build confidence and credibility, often positioning the athlete as a contender in the global arena. National competitions allow athletes to test their skills against the best in their country, setting the stage for future challenges on the international level. International recognition follows when athletes start competing beyond their borders, facing competitors from diverse backgrounds and skill levels. These competitions often come with greater challenges, but they also offer the opportunity for an athlete to establish themselves on a larger stage. Success in international events brings not only prestige but also broader opportunities for sponsorships, media exposure, and career advancement. International recognition also comes with the responsibility of representing one’s country, which adds pressure but also fuels motivation. For many athletes, it is not just about personal achievement but about making a mark on the global sports landscape. Each international victory contributes to building a legacy that transcends borders, and often, these achievements become defining moments in an athlete’s career. National titles may spark the journey, but international success truly solidifies an athlete’s standing in the sport. Record-Breaking Runs and Championship Titles Record-breaking performances are often the highlight of an athlete’s career, marking their name in the history of the sport. These moments are not only a demonstration of physical prowess but also a reflection of years of hard work, discipline, and determination. Each broken record represents the culmination of countless hours of training and perseverance, setting new benchmarks for both the athlete and future competitors. Championship titles carry similar significance, as they symbolize an athlete’s dominance in their field. Winning a championship is the ultimate reward for consistent performance, mental resilience, and the ability to deliver under pressure. These titles often define an athlete’s legacy, as each victory solidifies their reputation and influence in the sport. Beyond personal achievement, these titles inspire future generations, motivating young athletes to aspire toward greatness. These accomplishments often come with increased media attention and the admiration of fans, further elevating the athlete’s status in the global sports community. Record-breaking runs and championship victories not only shape the athlete’s career but also contribute to the evolution of the sport, pushing the boundaries of what is possible. Overcoming Challenges: Injuries and Recovery In any athlete’s career, challenges such as injuries are inevitable. These physical setbacks test not only the body but also the athlete’s mental strength and determination to return to their peak performance. Recovering from an injury requires patience, dedication, and a clear rehabilitation plan. Athletes often work closely with medical teams and physical therapists to rebuild strength and ensure a full recovery. The recovery process can be long and demanding. It’s a time for athletes to focus on their health, while also maintaining their competitive mindset. This period often involves careful attention to rehabilitation exercises, nutrition, and mental preparation for the eventual return to competition. Every day of recovery brings an athlete closer to regaining their previous form, and it requires the same dedication as regular training. Injuries also offer an opportunity for growth. Many athletes use this time to reflect, develop new strategies, or work on areas of their performance that may have been neglected before. Overcoming these setbacks not only builds resilience but also strengthens the athlete’s ability to face future challenges head-on. The road to recovery is never easy, but athletes who persevere through injuries often come back stronger, ready to push their limits once again. This ability to recover and bounce back from adversity is what truly sets apart champions from the rest. Mental Toughness and Balancing Life and Sport Athletic success depends as much on mental strength as it does on physical abilities. Mental toughness allows athletes to stay focused during high-pressure situations, push through fatigue, and handle setbacks with resilience. It’s this inner strength that helps athletes maintain consistency in their performances, even when the odds are stacked against them. Building mental toughness requires discipline and focus. Many athletes incorporate practices like meditation, visualization, or mindfulness into their routines to enhance their ability to concentrate and manage stress. These techniques are useful during intense competition, helping athletes stay calm and make quick decisions when it matters most. Balancing life outside of sport adds another layer of complexity. Maintaining personal relationships, managing daily responsibilities, and finding time for relaxation are all part of this balance. Athletes often have demanding schedules, which makes it challenging to find equilibrium. Time management becomes a key skill, allowing them to dedicate hours to training while also fulfilling obligations in other areas of their life. The ability to balance these demands is what helps sustain a long and successful career. While competition may be the priority, maintaining personal well-being is just as important. Athletes who master this balance tend to experience greater fulfillment both on and off the field, allowing them to perform at their best for years to come. Legacy and Impact on the Sport An athlete’s legacy is not defined by their individual achievements alone but by the influence they leave on their sport and those who follow in their footsteps. True greatness is measured by the impact one has on future generations of athletes, inspiring them to push boundaries and challenge themselves in new ways. Whether it’s through breaking records or revolutionizing training methods, the best athletes leave a lasting imprint that continues to shape their sport long after their careers end. A strong legacy is built over time, often through consistent excellence and a commitment to growth, both as an athlete and a role model. Many athletes use their platform to advocate for causes they care about, influencing both their peers and fans. This influence extends beyond the competitive arena, as they often become ambassadors for their sport, helping to popularize it globally or bring attention to important issues within the athletic community. The impact on the sport also includes contributions to its evolution. Innovations in techniques, strategies, or approaches to training often spread through the efforts of trailblazing athletes. By setting new standards of performance, they raise the bar for everyone involved. Their presence serves as a benchmark for what’s possible, motivating others to surpass their achievements and further the progress of the sport. This combination of personal success, influence on future athletes, and contribution to the sport’s growth solidifies an enduring legacy that stands the test of time. In the world of sports, success is a journey shaped by natural talent, rigorous training, mental toughness, and the ability to overcome challenges. Achievements, both national and international, serve as milestones along this path, but an athlete’s true legacy lies in the impact they leave behind. By pushing their limits, inspiring future generations, and contributing to the evolution of their sport, they ensure that their influence endures long after their competitive days are over. Through dedication, perseverance, and resilience, champions continue to shape the future, both on and off the field. Here are five FAQs related to the article: 1. How important is natural talent in achieving success in sports? While natural talent provides a strong foundation, it is the combination of hard work, discipline, and continuous improvement that truly defines an athlete’s success. Early achievements may stem from natural ability, but long-term success requires dedication and perseverance. 2. What role does mental toughness play in an athlete’s career? Mental toughness is crucial for staying focused under pressure, overcoming setbacks, and pushing through physical and mental fatigue. It helps athletes maintain consistency in their performance and bounce back from challenges such as injuries or losses. 3. How do athletes balance personal life and sports? Balancing life and sport requires effective time management and a strong support system. Athletes must find a way to dedicate time to training while also maintaining personal relationships, managing responsibilities, and finding time for recovery and relaxation. 4. What is the impact of a coach on an athlete’s success? A coach plays a significant role in guiding an athlete’s development, offering personalized training plans, strategy, and mental preparation. A strong coach-athlete relationship helps the athlete achieve their full potential by providing direction, motivation, and constructive feedback. 5. How does an athlete’s legacy influence future generations? An athlete’s legacy is shaped by their achievements and the impact they have on the sport and future athletes. By setting new standards, inspiring others, and contributing to the sport’s growth, they leave behind a lasting influence that motivates future generations to excel.
Sexism is often used to frame the discovery of the structure of DNA in the early 1950s. The story is one in which the contribution of a female scientist is overlooked while her male colleagues reap all the rewards. This is not an uncommon trope in the history of science, a phenomenon labeled as the Matilda effect by science historian Margaret W. Rossiter. Under closer scrutiny, however, the DNA story reveals a more nuanced narrative about the disparities in giving credit where it is due. These disparities still persist in our contemporary scientific landscape, and the biases behind them are hindering scientific and technological advancement. In 1953, a set of three research papers was published sequentially in Nature, with each paper addressing discoveries related to the structure of DNA. The first article, by James D. Watson and Francis H. C. Crick, was theoretical, containing a “purely diagrammatic” figure. The authors acknowledged that the ideas were “stimulated by a knowledge of the general nature of the unpublished experimental results and ideas of Dr. M. H. F. Wilkins, Dr. R. E. Franklin, and their coworkers.” The second article, a more data-driven report, was published by Maurice Wilkins and two other colleagues. The third article, authored by Rosalind Franklin and doctoral student Raymond G. Gosling, was highly analytical and contained “Photo 51,” an X-ray diffraction pattern credited for its precision and contribution to the DNA structure discovery. It’s well-established that Franklin’s data were instrumental for Crick’s calculations. Yet, in the history of this discovery it is not Franklin’s data, but rather Crick’s calculations, that receive credit. This is an important element in the story: Perhaps Franklin was overlooked not because she was a woman rather than a man, but because she was an experimentalist rather than a theorist. That supposition begs the question: Are labor roles in science equally distributed and equitably rewarded? Our recent research on authorship patterns demonstrates that significant gender disparities exist in contemporary labor roles in science. Women are more likely to earn authorship from performing experimental work, whereas men are typically associated with conceptual work, such as the design of the experiment. Some may argue that this is merely an artifact of the leadership roles in science and will dissipate as more women become heads of labs. However, the disparities hold when controlling for academic age—that is, the years since first publication. Even when women become senior researchers they remain more likely to contribute to experiments than men, which suggests that disparities are perpetuated with certain roles developed in junior years that are carried on throughout the academic life cycle. These disparities are problematic when considering the larger context of the scientific system. For example, a report released last year by the nonprofit National Bureau of Economic Research suggests that science advances “one funeral at a time,” with scientific leaders indirectly controlling the discourse and rate of scientific advancement within their subareas. When an eminent scholar departs, new voices are heard, opening the subareas to new ideas and new growth. Let’s hope that we really need not wait for death to hear all voices in science. The increasing number of authors per paper observed in all disciplines in recent years is another aspect to assigning credit that is in part the result of the growing complexity and interdisciplinarity of research. But it also demonstrates increasing recognition of the“invisible technicians” in science. By placing all those who contribute to science on the byline, we acknowledge that authorship—the coin of the academic realm—is a currency that should be provided to all those who labor in science, including lab technicians, lab managers, doctoral students, and established researchers alike. Unfortunately, as authorship lists increase, greater emphasis is placed on first and last authors, as these are typically associated with the highest levels of contribution and responsibility. Given that women garner fewer of these coveted spots and are underrepresented in the production of scientific articles, their contributions to science may remain suppressed and undervalued. The Academy of Medical Sciences acknowledged the discontinuities in our current reward system in a report published earlier this year, arguing for better delineating of individual contribution and better practices to equitably credit collaborative work. This call to action resonates with Drummond Rennie and his colleagues’ proposal, made nearly 20 years ago in the Journal of the American Medical Association, for a “radical change” in scholarly communication, moving from authorship to contributorship—replacing names on a byline with a list of the contributions of each individual to the scholarship. Some journals, such as those by PLOS and some American Chemical Society journals, have adopted contributorship models as a supplement to the traditional byline. However, there hasn’t yet been large-scale adoption of contributorship data, nor have we found ways to meaningfully integrate these data into current evaluation systems, such as for promotions and tenure review. Furthermore, the relegation of certain segments of the population to particular types of contributions diminishes potential for creativity and innovation throughout the research process. Franklin died an untimely death before the Nobel Prize was jointly awarded to Crick, Watson, and Wilkins. We are not here to judge whether her gender would have kept her from joining that prized triad—replacing one of the men, as the prize is capped at three individuals. Rather, it bears questioning whether Franklin’s contribution would have been recognized as sufficient. Our work suggests that certain contributions are more lucrative, from the perspective of academic capital, and these are more likely to be associated with male scientists. Therefore, either the distribution of labor or the reward system of science must be reexamined. If we maintain the status quo, women and other individuals who remain undervalued are more likely to leave science. Providing transparency in the way labor is rewarded and recognized is a logical step toward an equitable system, one in which gender, age, and any other measure of pecking order no longer matter. Cassidy R. Sugimoto is an associate professor of informatics at Indiana University, Bloomington, and president of the International Society for Scientometrics & Informetrics. Vincent Larivière is an associate professor of information science at the University of Montreal and holds the Canada Research Chair on the Transformations of Scholarly Communication. They specialize in teasing out underlying stories hidden in authorship patterns of scientific research papers.
The Nature Explore Classroom at The Children’s Learning Center at St. Paul’s School The Children’s Learning Center is located on the campus of St. Paul’s School, a private, boarding preparatory high school. St. Paul’s School students participated in and worked to complete volunteer projects in support of the playground renovation. They have played a meaningful and active role throughout the three year project. Parents have also been taken an active role, volunteering to create and install the many features in the natural playscape, while spearheading development effort to raise capital. The Sand Area is enclosed with a roof. Pine needles from the natural forest floor, pavement and grass help to define areas. Wooden signs, purchased from Nature Explore, identify each of the areas and blend beautifully with and compliment the playground. A variety of natural materials were used to clearly delineate and separate activity areas in the classroom. Over a third of the playground is an open, wooded forest area of both evergreen and deciduous trees. Gardens are located throughout the playground. Raised planting beds and tight arrangements of tall perennials provide a natural barrier to surround areas. The first and immediate comments made by all visitors to the Nature Explore Classroom, have to do with its natural beauty. This classroom is fortunate to have a large outdoor area with a climbing and sledding hill as a crowning center piece. The classroom was personalized with ideas from students and teachers. Large boulders and lengths of pine tree trunks have been incorporated. A riverbed made of field stones and granite rocks, with a small wooden bridge spanning it, was installed and is now one of the favorite activity areas. Children are able to build and create with an endless supply of natural items. Teachers wanted a way for children to “get wet” and stay cool during warmer weather and also wanted easier and more creative, open ended play. This was the genesis for the Misting Area. A beautiful, warm weather water feature surrounded by raised perennial gardens with an arbor entrance. Professionally installed irrigation systems with eight pop-up sprinkler heads provide a variety of moving water sprays into the area. A large, flat topped, bench-like boulder provides the center piece for the area. The Nature Explore Classroom is helping to engage Children’s Learning Center educators and children in nature rich learning at all levels.
Exciting news on the cellulosic ethanol front. The promise of next-generation biofuels is moving from the lab to the factory. BP has announced a joint venture with Verenium to make cellulosic ethanol from grass and other non-edible plants. Most ethanol in the U.S. is made with corn, which can drive up food prices. Grass and other plant waste is seen as the holy grail for a sustainable source of the alternative fuel, which is typically mixed with regular gasoline to run in vehicles. The companies are investing up to $300 million to develop and commercialize the advanced fuel and build a production facility in Highlands County, Fla. It will be one of the nation’s first commercial-scale cellulosic ethanol plants. The companies already operate the largest such plant in the U.S. This one will be 25 times larger than the pilot project. If only homeowners could get a little one of these operations in the backyard. Mow the lawn. Dump in the clippings. Wait. Take a drive. Production from the BP-Verenium venture is expected in 2012, putting out about 36 million gallons a year. The drive here is supported by government policy, namely the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, which mandates the use of 16 billion gallons of cellulosic biofuels by 2022. The industry has a long, long way to go, based on current production levels of less than 30 million gallons a year, according to Grist magazine. More from The Wall Street Journal (subscription required).
As a parent, our child is always special to us. No matter if nature has discriminated against them, a parent never does. From their education, and lifestyle to their daily activities, we want them to be raised exactly how a normal child is supposed to be. However, in some special cases, parents are expected to raise their child with some extra care and attention. One such scenario is with children suffering from Hearing Loss. According to SpringerOpen, “India is home to the highest number of children with hearing impairment in the world. 1.57 million children are hearing disabled in the educable age group 0–19 years”. If you are a parent to a child with hearing loss, here are some additional tips you can incorporate in your parenting to make them feel more valued. Communicate Like a Normal Person: Don’t hesitate to make a conversation with your child just because you feel they won’t understand. Children with hearing disability need to feel involved just like a regular child. Your family members can try different tips to create a communicative environment such as speaking to them while being in the same room, speaking one person at a time to avoid any confusion, taking out time for face-to-face activities, etc. Encourage them to Wear Hearing Aids: Every child wants to feel normal amongst a group of friends. They fear the difficulties of acceptance they might face after wearing a hearing aid. However, as a parent, we need to make them understand and accept the responsibility of wearing a hearing aid and how it can make their daily life communication better. Help Them Understand Their Hearing Aids: The more you hide, the more rigid your child will be towards not wearing an aid. Once your child understands the care, uses and benefits of a hearing aid, they will surely start wearing it more responsibly. Hearing aids are different based on the age, hearing condition and needs of your child. ClearSound Hearing & Speech Clinic offers a wide range of hearing aids that can make your child’s life a normal one. Add Activities to their Routine: Adding activities to challenge their abilities will help your child push their limits and learn something new. You can add games like charades storytelling, Pictionary, etc to help your child understand and enact words better. In the end, the best you can do to your child is to be patient with them and show them some extra empathy and attention. Being restless or annoyed with their lack of catching up on conversations will make the situation even worse. Being kind to them will encourage them to learn things quickly. When it Comes To Your Child, Only Trust is the Best! Hearing aids come in a variety of options based on the level of hearing loss and specific needs of a child. Assisting a professional is always advised in such scenarios, therefore, at Clear Sound, we ensure to deliver advanced hearing aids tailored right according to your fit. So, don’t wait anymore, help your child to live their life to the fullest. Book an appointment with us right away!!
When you opt for 3D printing an object, the total cost is influenced by a variety of factors, including the type of 3D printer used, the complexity and volume of the 3D model, the material costs, print quality, and time, along with post-processing steps, energy consumption, and maintenance needs. Material costs vary greatly, ranging from $20 to $70 per kilogram for FDM filaments, and outsourcing services can cost anywhere from $30 to $15,000. To accurately estimate costs, you'll need to take into account each of these factors, and as you investigate these cost components, you'll discover the full range of expenses involved in 3D printing. Factors Affecting 3D Printing Costs When you start a 3D printing project, different factors come into play that greatly influence the total cost. The type of 3D printer you use, for instance, plays a significant role in determining the printing costs. Printer prices can range from $200 to $150,000, and you'll need to factor in upkeep costs of approximately $0.21 per hour. The complexity and volume of your 3D model also impact the total cost, especially if human guidance is required for intricate designs. Material costs are another significant factor, with thermoplastics like ABS and PLA priced between $20 to $70 per kg, and resin costs ranging from $50 to $300 per liter. Print quality and printing time also affect the total cost, as higher-quality prints often require more time and material. Moreover, post-processing steps like curing, cleaning, and polishing add to the overall expense. 3D Printer and Material Costs You'll also need to factor in the cost of the 3D printer itself, along with the materials you'll be using, which can vary widely depending on the type and quality of the materials. The cost of materials, such as printer filament, can range from $20 to $70 per kilogram for common materials like PLA or PETG. For SLA printing, resin prices start at around $50 per liter for entry-level resins and can go up to $400 for professional-grade resins. Here's a breakdown of the material costs: Material \| Price Range \| PLA/PETG Filament \| $20-$70/kg \| Entry-Level Resin \| $50/L \| Professional-Grade Resin \| $400/L \| When calculating the printing cost, you'll need to take into account the material costs, in addition to the cost of the 3D printer itself. The printing service price will also depend on the type of printing service you choose. Understanding these costs will help you estimate the cost of 3D printing and plan your project accordingly. By factoring in these expenses, you can better budget for your 3D printing project and achieve the desired results. Energy Consumption and Maintenance The energy consumption of your 3D printer is an important aspect to take into account, as it can result in continual costs that accumulate over time. You'll need to think about the energy costs associated with 3D printing, as they can add up quickly. For instance, the estimated annual energy cost for an Ultimaker 3D printer is approximately $50. However, energy costs can vary greatly depending on the power consumption specifications of your printer and local energy prices. Regular use of your 3D printer will incur ongoing energy expenses, so it's crucial to factor these costs into your overall printing expenses. In addition to energy consumption, maintenance is another significant aspect to think about. Over time, you'll need to replace consumable parts, such as nozzles and hotends, to ensure your printer continues to function well. Understanding these costs and maintenance needs is important for budgeting and planning your 3D printing expenses. By factoring in energy consumption and maintenance costs, you can better anticipate and manage your overall printing expenses, ensuring you can continue to create high-quality prints without breaking the bank. Calculating 3D Printing Service Costs Calculating the cost of 3D printing services can be a complex task, but understanding the factors that influence pricing is key to finding a cost-effective solution for your project. You'll need to take into account the type of 3D printing material used, as different materials have varying price points. For instance, using a high-end metal alloy will be more expensive than a basic plastic filament. The location of the 3D printing service provider also plays a significant role in determining the total cost. Researching and comparing prices from different providers is vital to finding the best option for your budget. When computing the cost, you should also factor in the complexity of the item being printed. A simple design will be less expensive than a complex, intricate model. Moreover, the specific requirements of your project, such as the desired level of detail or the need for specific colors, will impact the final price. Post-Processing and Profit Margins When factoring in the total cost of 3D printing, don't overlook post-processing expenses, which can add a significant 20-50% to your final bill. These costs, including cleaning, curing, and painting, can greatly impact your total 3D printing cost. To make sure you're covering these expenses and making a profit, it's vital to include a 30% profit margin in your pricing. This will help you cover unexpected expenses and time investments. Proper post-processing can improve the final appearance and functionality of the 3D printed object, making it a critical step in the process. Failure to account for post-processing and profit margins can lead to underpricing and financial losses. Balancing post-processing costs and profit margins is important for sustainable 3D printing business operations. By factoring in these costs, you can make sure you're pricing your services accurately and avoiding financial losses. Cost Comparison and Optimization To optimize your 3D printing expenses, you need to weigh the costs of different materials, printer types, and design complexities against each other. This cost comparison is important in determining the total cost of your 3D printing project. The cost of materials, for instance, can range from $20 to $70 per kilogram for FDM filaments and $50 to $300 per liter for resin. The type of printer you use also affects the price, with outsourcing 3D printing services ranging from $30 to $15,000 depending on the model and material used. When calculating the total cost of 3D printing, you should also consider the time it takes to design and print the model, along with any overhead costs associated with the process. Understanding these additional costs is essential for accurate pricing. Frequently Asked Questions How Much Does It Cost to Print a 3D Object? When you're wondering how much it costs to print a 3D object, consider factors like object complexity, print duration, model size, material selection, and layer thickness, as these variables greatly impact the final cost. How Much Does 3D Printing Material Cost? You'll find 3D printing materials vary in cost depending on options like FDM, SLA, or SLS, with factors like quality, supply sources, and printing techniques affecting the cost, ranging from $20 to $400 per unit. How Much Does a 3D Printer Cost per Hour? You're probably wondering how much your 3D printer costs per hour. Factors like print speed, hourly wage, machine maintenance, electricity rate, and rental fee all impact your hourly cost, which averages around $0.21, but can vary depending on your setup. What Is the Cheapest Way to 3D Print? You can 3D print on a budget by using affordable filaments, leveraging open-source software, and exploring DIY kits or local libraries' printing services, all while keeping costs low without sacrificing quality. As you venture into the world of 3D printing, understanding the costs involved is essential. By considering factors like printer and material costs, energy consumption, and maintenance, you can accurately calculate the expenses. Moreover, post-processing and profit margins play a significant role in determining the final cost. By optimizing these factors, you can minimize costs and produce high-quality prints efficiently. - 1 Factors Affecting 3D Printing Costs - 2 3D Printer and Material Costs - 3 Energy Consumption and Maintenance - 4 Calculating 3D Printing Service Costs - 5 Post-Processing and Profit Margins - 6 Cost Comparison and Optimization - 7 Frequently Asked Questions - 8 Conclusion
You’ve probably heard about machine learning before. It’s the technology that allows computers to use data to make predictions and improve their performance. But what exactly is machine learning? How does it work? And how can you use it in your own products or services? This article will help answer those questions by introducing two types of machine-learning techniques: supervised and unsupervised. Supervised Machine Learning Supervised machine learning is used when you have a large amount of data that can be broken down into groups. The algorithm will use these groups to find patterns in the data, then it will predict future events based on past events. This type of machine learning is useful when you have a lot of historical information about your customers and want to use it to make decisions about their future behavior. Unsupervised Machine Learning Unsupervised machine learning is used to find patterns in data. It’s used for tasks like clustering, classification and regression. The goal of unsupervised learning is to find groups of similar objects (cluster analysis) or identify patterns that describe a set of observations (classification). Unsupervised learning can also be used to create a model that describes the relationship between input variables and outputs. This type of modeling is known as regression analysis because it predicts continuous values rather than discrete categories like “spam” or “ham.” Machine learning is used in many products and services today. - Machine learning is used in many products and services today. - Examples of machine learning products and services: - Amazon Echo, Google Translate, Apple Siri and Facebook’s ad targeting algorithms are all examples of ML applications. - How does it work? In the simplest terms possible, a computer program learns from data that has been labeled or categorized by people (for example, an image labeled “dog” or an audio recording labeled “meow”). It uses these labels to make predictions about new data without being explicitly programmed how to do so–in other words it figures out what works best on its own through trial and error over time (and sometimes lots of repetition). I hope this article helped you understand the difference between supervised and unsupervised machine learning. If you want to learn more about other types of machine learning, check out our other articles on deep learning and artificial intelligence!
Cookies are tiny text files that are stored on your computer, tablet or mobile phone. They are not harmful to your computer or your security and have nothing to do with viruses. Cookies are created when a user's browser loads a particular website. The website sends information to the browser which then creates a text file. Every time the user goes back to the same website, the browser retrieves and sends this file to the website's server. Cookies have several functions, including, among others, collecting information of and remembering users’ preferences and generally facilitating users’ use of the website. Google only receives the User-ID, not the information of other personal data of yours. WHAT IF I WANT TO CONTROL MY COOKIE PERMISSIONS?
Restorative Inquiry is a way of talking with a student or students about a situation using nonjudgmental active listening (see questions below). It is a form of Restorative Practice. Restorative Practices focus on repairing harm and restoring relationships when misbehavior occurs. The fundamental unifying hypothesis of restorative practice is disarmingly simple: that human beings are happier, more cooperative and productive, and more likely to make positive changes in their behavior when those in positions of authority do things WITH them, rather than TO them or FOR them. This hypothesis maintains that the punitive and authoritarian “to” mode and the permissive and paternalistic “for” mode are not as effective as the restorative, participatory, engaging “with” mode. Restorative Questions I — To respond to challenging behavior – What happened? – What were you thinking of at the time? – What have you thought about since? – Who has been affected by what you have done? In what way? – What do you think you need to do to make things right? Restorative Questions II — To help those harmed by another’s actions – What did you think when you realized what had happened? – What impact has this incident had on your and others? – What has been the hardest thing for you? – What do you think needs to happen to make things right? CRE Calendar Usage: 2nd Edition
- 27 Feb 2020 - 10 min read - Hindustani Music is one of the two distinct schools of Indian Classical Music practiced mainly in North India. The other school of Indian Classical Music is Carnatic music which is practiced mainly in Southern India. Origin of Hindustani Music - While the historical roots of both the music types belong to the Bharata’s Natyasastra, they diverged in the 14th century. The Hindustani branch of music focuses more on the musical structure and the possibilities of improvisation in it. The Hindustani branch adopted a scale of Shudha Swara Saptaka or the ‘Octave of Natural notes’. - The Hindustani music has elements of ancient Hindu tradition, Vedic philosophy and Persian tradition as well. It has been influenced by various elements such as Arab, Persian and Afghan elements which have added a new dimension to Hindustani music. - In ancient times, it has been passed from one to another through the Guru-Shishya Parampara. - Musical instruments used in Hindustani are Tabla, Sarangi, Sitar, Santoor, Flute and violin. - It is based on the Raga system. The Raga is a melodic scale comprising of basic seven notes. - Hindustani Music is vocal-centric. The major vocal forms associated with Hindustani classical music are the khayal, Ghazal, dhrupad, dhammar, Tarana and thumri. - Most of the Hindustani musicians trace their descent to Tansen. - There are ten main styles of singing in Hindustani music like the Dhrupad, Khayal, Tappa, Chaturanga, Tarana, Sargam, Thumri and Ragasagar, Hori and Dhamar. Major Styles of Hindustani Music - One of the oldest and grandest forms of Hindustani classical music. Finds mention even in Natyashastra (200 BC–200 AD). - Reached its zenith in the court of emperor Akbar. He employed and patronised musical masters like Baba Gopal Das, Swami Haridas and Tansen, who was considered to be one of the Navaratna or nine gems of the Mughal court. - A poetic form incorporated into an extended presentation style marked by precise & orderly elaboration of a raga. - The exposition preceding the composed verses is called alap and is usually the longest portion of the performance. - Dhrupad became a major form of singing in the medieval period but fell in a state of decline in the 18th century. - Dhrupad singing can be further divided into four forms on the basis of vanis or banis: - Dagari Gharana: The Dagar family sings in the Dagar Vani. This style puts great emphasis on alap. - Darbhanga Gharana: They sing the Khandar Vani and Gauhar Vani. They emphasise on the raga alap as well as composed songs over an improvised alap. - Bettiah Gharana: They perform the Nauhar and Khandar vani styles with some unique techniques that only those trained within the families know. - Talwandi Gharana: They sing the Khandar vani but as the family is based in Pakistan it has become difficult to keep that within the system of Indian music. - Word ‘Khayal’ is derived from Persian and means “idea or imagination”. - Origin of this style was attributed to Amir Khusrau. - Is popular amongst the artists as this provides greater scope for improvisation. - Based on the repertoire of short songs ranging from two to eight lines. Is also referred to as a ‘Bandish’. - Khayal is also composed in a particular raga and tala and has a brief text. - Texts mainly include Praise of kings, Description of seasons, Pranks of Lord Krishna, Divine love & Sorrow of separation - Major gharanas in khayal: Gwalior, Kirana, Patiala, Agra, and Bhendibazaar Gharana - Gwalior Gharana is the oldest and is also considered the mother of all other gharanas. - In this style the rhythm plays a very crucial role. The structure consists of melody. - It uses many words that are sung at a fast tempo. - It focuses on producing rhythmic matters and hence, the singers need specialised training and skills in rhythmic manipulation. - Currently, the Worlds Fastest Tarana Singer is Pandit Rattan Mohan Sharma of the Mewati Gharana. - Originated in Eastern Uttar Pradesh, mainly in Lucknow & Benares, around 18th century. - A romantic & erotic style of singing; also called “the lyric of Indian classical music”. - Compositions are mostly on love, separation and devotion. - Distinct feature: Erotic subject matter portrayed picturesquely from the various episodes of the lives of Lord Krishna & Radha. - Lyrics are typically in Brij Bhasha and are usually romantic & religious. - A Thumri is usually performed as the last item of a Khayal concert. - Three main gharanas of thumri — Benaras, Lucknow and Patiala. - Begum Akhtar is one of the most popular singers of thumri style. - In this style the rhythm plays a very important role as the compositions are based on fast, subtle and knotty constructions. - Developed in the late 18th Century AD from the folk songs of camel riders of North-West India. - Great use of very quick turn of phrases. - Some of the expounders of this style: Mian Sodi, Pandit Laxman Rao of Gwalior and Shanno Khurana. - A poetic expression of both the pain of loss or separation and the beauty of love in spite of that pain. - Originated in Iran in the 10th century AD. - A Ghazal never exceeds the 12 ashaar or couplets. - Spread in South Asia in the 12th century due to the influence of Sufi mystics and the courts of the new Islamic Sultanate. Reached its zenith in the Mughal period. - Amir Khusrau was one of the first expounders of the art of making Ghazal. - Some of the famous persons associated with Ghazals: Muhammad Iqbal, Mirza Ghalib, Rumi (13th century), Hafez (14th century), Kazi Nazrul Islam, etc. Hindustani Music Gharanas - A Gharana is a system of social organisation linking musicians or dancers by lineage or apprenticeship, and by adherence to a particular musical style. - Function in guru-shishya parampara, i.e. disciples learning under a particular guru, transmitting his musical knowledge and style. Gharana \| Place \| Founder \| Gwalior \| Gwalior \| Nanthan Khan \| Agra \| Agra \| Hajisujan Khan \| Rangeela \| Agra \| Faiyyaz Khan \| Jaipur Atrauli \| Jaipur \| Alladiya Khan \| Kirana \| Awadh \| Abdul Wahid Khan \| Hindustani vs. Carnatic Style - Although there are stylistic differences, the basic elements of swara, raga and tala as the foundation of both Carnatic and Hindustani are same. - Hindustani music originated in the Vedic period, while Carnatic music originated during the Bhakti movement. Thus, both have a deep association with religion. - Carnatic is one of two main sub-genres of India classical music that evolved from ancient Hindu traditions, the other sub-genre being Hindustani music, which emerged as a distinct form due to Persian and Islamic influences in North India. - Both the music evolved with Sanskrit language scripts in itself and through Vedic traditions. - The central notions in both these systems are that of a melodic mode or raga, sung to a rhythmic cycle or tala. - Origin of Hindustani music is earlier than Carnatic music. It synthesizes with Vedic chants, Islamic traditions and Persian Musiqu-e-Assil style. Carnatic is comparatively pure and was developed in the 15th 16th century during the Bhakti movement and also got a boost in the 19th -20th century. - The main emphasis in Carnatic music is on vocal music and most compositions are to be sung, involving gayaki style. In Hindustani music vocal- centric group is required. Many instruments are designed to accompany the singer. - The major vocal forms of Hindustani music are Dhrupad, khayal, Tarana, Thumri, Dadra and Gazals. While Carnatic music embraces several varieties of improvisation consist of Alpana, Niraval, kalpanaswaram and Ragam Thana pallavi.
The Gorilla Organization who work internationally to save the world’s last remaining wild gorillas have announced the arrival of twins in the Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda. The Gorilla Organization is excited to announce the birth of an extremely rare pair of mountain gorilla twins in the Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda. The twins, who were born on 3 February 2011, are only the fifth set of twins ever recorded in the history of Rwanda’s mountain gorillas. The mother, known fondly to rangers as Kabatwa, belongs to the Hirwa group of gorillas and is reportedly proving to be an excellent mother. Kabatwa is one of fewer than 800 mountain gorillas remaining in the wild. Gorillas general give birth to just one baby every 4 years, so the birth of twins is very rare. Lets hope both survive and are well looked after by their mother. More information about The Gorilla Organization can be found on the website.
Circular economy seems a vital enabler for sustainable use of natural resources which is also important for achieving the 2030 agenda for sustainable development goals. Therefore, a special session addressing issues of “sustainable solutions and remarkable practices in circular economy focusing materials downstream” was held at the 16th International Conference on Waste Management and Technology, where researchers and attendees worldwide were convened to share their experiences and visions. Presentations focusing on many key points such as new strategies, innovative technologies, management methods, and practical cases were discussed during the session. Accordingly, this article compiled all these distinctive presentations and gave insights into the pathway of circular economy towards the sustainable development goals. We summarized that the transition to circular economy can keep the value of resources and products at a high level and minimize waste production; the focus of governmental policies and plans with the involvement of public-private-partnership on 3Rs (reduce, reuse, and recycle) helps to improve the use of natural resources and take a step ahead to approach or achieve the sustainability Link to the full article: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773167722000012 Anupam Khajuria, Vella A. Atienza, Suchana Chavanich, Wilts Henning, Ishrat Islam, Ulrich Kral, Meng Liu, Xiao Liu, Temitope D. Timothy Oyedotun, Prabhat Verma, Guochang Xu, Xianlai Zeng, and Jinhui Li are the co-authors of this article.
Initial emotional reactions to any unexpected display of creativity may bring feelings of surprise, amazement, delight, or perhaps even our favorite British expression – gobsmacked! Imagine turning a corner in the grocery story and being presented with a “smiling” wall of peppers. Stopping you in your tracks. Making you smile. Causing you to exclaim “Cool!” “Awesome!” All these reactions, quickly followed by a laugh, create a happy moment squeezed into a mission of grocery shopping. Creativity is all around us! Perhaps you feel challenged or unsure of its place and purpose in your classroom. Wouldn’t it be interesting to bring those accompanying feelings of surprise to learning environments? The first step is to help students be more open to new encounters and perspectives. Making them aware of things that may have previously gone unnoticed. For instance, you could have walked up to the “smiling” vegetable display and thought, “Oh, I see the one I want – the yellow one. It’s on the middle ‘shelf’.” Having a conversation about this photo of “smiling” vegetables might be a fun place to start. “Discovery consists of looking at the same thing as everyone else and thinking something different.” ~ Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Learning and honing the skill of being more observant is the second step. Encourage students to go on Wonder Walks on their way to school, at the mall, around their neighborhood, in the science museum, or in the heart of a big city. A fun one to do is a Wonder Walk of their favorite color. Here’s one we did of everything yellow on our way to and through Denver Botanic Gardens. Challenge your students to continue to seek and find example after example of creativity everywhere – using their open, unboxed imaginations. Start building a Wonder Wall (sketches, photos, and ideas) to capture their observations and insights. A great place for students to visit for future inspirations as they design and create their own products After the initial burst of emotions (following creative encounters), students’ curiosity and wonderment immediately take over. Spurring questions. “Why did they do that?” “How did they come up with that idea?” And as in the case of the “smiling” peppers, “I wonder who actually stacked the peppers that way?” “Are there any other creative displays in the store?” I wonder conversations are great places to jump start students’ imaginations and to create a buzz of engagement. Dendrites in High Gear Creativity throws our dendrites into high gear! You see, the brain craves novelty! Just the stimulus to inspire students to want to know (and do) more. They might begin to think of other ways they could display merchandise. Cans could be stacked to create a flag around the 4th of July. Cereal boxes could be arranged to form a Christmas tree. All these experiences prepare their minds for the type of thinking needed to creatively solve problems and design projects. Making them future-ready thinkers! It continues to get more exciting as students mind-jump from one idea to another in response to a simple photo or display. They quite naturally make connections to past creative encounters, such as a halftime college football show of bands making elaborate kaleidoscopic human formations (like the pepper display). And the best part . . . at this juncture . . . students begin to ponder, “Hmmmmmm, I could do something like this in my work.” Now that students have had a bit of practice recognizing creativity, ask them to share the most fascinating creative encounter they’ve had so far. Celebrate! Congratulations are in order! They observed it. Discovered it. Spun off new thoughts and ideas! Grab on to their emotions and celebrate the moments together. Have them focus on the creative wealth brought into their lives! Reminding them creativity once discovered will be there again tomorrow, And forever. They just have to seek it out! And don’t we all feel a bit of excitement and appreciation caught up in the sharing of creative endeavors? Hope it was an AWESOME feeling! “Creativity is contagious – pass it on.” ~ Albert Einstein FOR YOUR CLASSROOM It may be useful to examine photos of classic works (art, music, architecture) to encourage and inspire students to 1) observe more closely, 2) think more critically, and 3) make new connections. During the activity, students freely share different observations, perspectives, and viewpoints. A second activity is to take students on a group Wonder Walk around your school building or outdoor areas. Give students a blank sheet of paper. Ask students to jot down or sketch their creative observations. What is something they never noticed before? What is something they now think of as creative? When finished, return as a group to reflect and discuss. Build an on-going Wonder Wall of sketches and ideas to use as springboards for future creative projects. LET’S REFLECT & REMEMBER . . . Future-ready educators look for creativity in all content areas and find ways for students to explore and express their creativity – maximizing student engagement. First recognizing and appreciating creativity helps students practice being open to new experiences. Honing the skill of observation is the next step. Creativity throws our dendrites into high gear! You see, the brain craves novelty! AWESOME CREATIVITY CONUNDRUM Awesome . . . comes in so many flavors . . . innervating our minds with wonder . . . dendrites crackling asunder . . . tingling, mingling, jumbling . . . pinnacles and feats like no other . . . jubilant creative plunder. Live, learn, and lead creatively! Rick & Patti
Mold is something every home owner does not want to find. There are some areas of the home where it is easier to go undetected for a long time, like in crawlspaces or attics. While it may be obvious that dark damp spaces like crawlspaces are susceptible to developing mold, your attic can be at just as much risk. It is important to inspect your attic spaces to see if you have mold, and remove attic mold immediately to avoid further damage, or if there are risk factors that should be addressed. What Causes Attic Mold? There are several potential reasons you may find mold in your attic: It may be obvious, but one of the most important ingredients to mold growth is moisture. If you had a poor roof installation, a damaged roof, or an old roof, your attic may not be protected from exterior moisture getting in. If this goes unnoticed, you may have spots develop mold. Over time this can spread and become a major problem that can be hazardous to you. Even after fixing a leak, mold can still be present. As such, it is important to keep monitoring the area to ensure there is not an ongoing problem. High Humidity Levels We will probably mention this a few times, but high humidity levels in the house can contribute to attic mold growth. This is because mold thrives in moist environments. When there is excess moisture in the air, it can seep into the attic and create a damp environment. This, combined with warm temperatures, provides the ideal conditions for mold to grow and spread. Controlling humidity levels in the house is crucial in preventing attic mold growth. Plumbing Leaks or Pipe Condensation in the Attic Unnoticed plumbing leaks or pipe condensation in the attic contribute to mold growth because they create a moist environment, which is ideal for mold to thrive. Mold spores are present in the air and can easily settle and grow in areas with high humidity and moisture. When plumbing leaks or condensation occur in the attic, the moisture can seep into the surrounding materials such as wood, insulation, or drywall. This creates a perfect breeding ground for mold, as it feeds on organic matter and thrives in damp conditions. If left unnoticed or avoiding to remove the attic mold, growth can spread and cause significant damage and potentially affect the indoor air quality of the entire house. It is important to regularly inspect and address any plumbing issues or condensation in the attic to prevent mold growth and maintain a healthy living environment. Inadequate or Missing Ventilation Attics need to breath, and ventilation is how you attic breathes. Without proper airflow, warm moist air can become trapped. This type of environment is the perfect breeding ground for mold. You may be surprised to know, mold spreads faster in winter than in summer. The optimal temperature range for mold to grow is between 40 and 90 degrees. In the summer, your attic is often too hot for mold to thrive. In Chicago, the blending of the warm air from inside the house meets with the cold roof. If there is not proper ventilation this temperature mixing will cause condensation that likely will cause mold. Improper Insulation Installation Just as important as missing or not enough insulation, is insulation that is improperly installed in the attic. Mold needs moisture and a food source to survive, and insulation that is not properly installed can trap moisture and create a damp environment. As a result, mold can start to grow on the insulation itself or on other surfaces in the attic, such as wood or drywall Improperly Sealed or Poorly Insulated Attic Access Points Improperly sealed or poorly insulated attic access points can contribute to mold growth. This is because they allow moisture and warm air to enter the attic space. Attics are prone to high levels of humidity, and if there are any gaps or cracks around the access points, this moisture can seep into the attic and create a damp environment. Mold thrives in areas with high moisture levels, so these access points provide the perfect conditions for mold growth. Additionally, access points with improper insulation, warm air from the living spaces below can escape into the attic. This will then lead to condensation further increasing the humidity levels. This combination of moisture and warmth creates an ideal environment for mold to grow and spread. Storing Wet or Damp Items in the Attic Mold thrives in moist environments. When wet or damp items are stored in the attic, the moisture from these items can seep into the surrounding area. This creates a favorable environment for mold spores to grow and multiply. Additionally, attics often have poor ventilation, which further exacerbates the moisture issue. Improperly Installed Bathroom or Dryer Vents There are parts of your home that require ventilation from your home. Vents are mean to expel hot air, moisture, or odors. Homes need vents to protect the interior from things like the dryer, shower, and toilets. If these are not vented outside, but instead vent directly into the attic, you will be encouraging moisture and mold growth. Another area of concern is where these vents meet the roof. Any roof vent needs proper flashing and sealing to make sure they do not expose your attic to the outside elements. Clogged or Malfunctioning Gutters Issues with the gutters can contribute to attic mold growth because they prevent proper drainage of rainwater. When gutters become clogged with debris such as leaves, twigs, and dirt, they cannot effectively direct water away from the roof and foundation of a house. This can lead to water seeping into the attic, creating a moist environment that is conducive to mold growth. Additionally, malfunctioning gutters that are not properly installed or maintained may allow water to overflow or leak into the attic, further increasing the chances of mold growth. Lack of Regular Maintenance Lack of regular attic maintenance and inspections can contribute to attic mold growth due to several factors. First, without regular inspections, any potential issues such as leaks or water damage in the attic may go unnoticed. Moisture is a key factor in mold growth. Any potential leaks or inadequate ventilation can create a damp environment that is perfect for mold to thrive. Additionally, without proper maintenance, any existing mold growth may not be addressed or treated. This allows it to spread and further contaminate the attic space. Regular inspections and maintenance, on the other hand, can help identify and address these issues promptly, preventing mold growth and ensuring a healthy environment in the attic. What Should You Do To Protect Your Home? Mold is hazardous to your health from exposure to high quantities over time. If you do not remove attic mold in a timely manner, it will encourage growth and spread throughout your home. This makes it crucial to fix anything that may lead to mold, and remove any discovered mold. Areas of your home like the attic are not easy for most home owners to monitor, therefore it is important to partner with experts. Davis Roofing, an Arlington Heights roofing company, has been helping keep homes safe for over 70 years. Our experienced staff will provide you with a comprehensive inspection. We will identify any areas of risk or already compromised spaces and work with you on a plan to address the area/s. Please keep in mind that an inspection may not find any current areas of concern. However, it’s important to create a schedule to monitor your attic over years to make sure problems do not develop. If we identify any mold, it is critical to take care of it quickly. Depending on how severe the case is, you will have different options to fix it. Because of how dangerous it is, you should not try to remove attic mold yourself. When you work with us, you can be rest easy that you will not have to worry about the dangers of mold. Contact us today to schedule your roof inspection.
Thesis - Open Access Bachelor of Arts Harlan Garnett Wilson Jere W. Bruner Election, Behavior, Downsian, Pluralist Considerations of theories of political education and socialization also played an important role in the development of the analysis presented here. Knowing why different groups of citizens use different groups of criteria when evaluating presidential aspirants would be helpful to the continued development of theories of the role of education in shaping the future of a polity. Existing theories of political education already provide insights into the possible pitfalls of a society which stresses the blind acceptance of authority. While the existence of an apathetic group is seen as necessary the ability of an elite to mobilize such a group could be very dangerous If the mass media is capable of mobilizing apathetic, disenfranchised, and disinterested groups of citizens it could be a powerful weapon in the hands of a potential fascist. The possibility that a significant group of citizens choose presidential candidates on the basis of criteria other than interest group competition has profound impact on pluralist conceptions of the role of elections in U.S. democracy What if people who are neither apathetic misinformed, nor irrational choose to vote for the candidate whom they believe to be the most honest, experienced, intelligent leader? If such a group does exist, what impact is it having on the outcome of elections? Considerations of theory provided insights into the empirical study of election behavior, and the empirical study of election behavior has the potential to provide insights into theory Thus, the arguments presented here are specific and limited in scope; the reasons for presenting them are as numerous and diverse as are the fields of political science. Fairfax, Kenneth J., "An Argument for Liberating Election Research from its Downsian Bonds" (1981). Honors Papers. 658.
Anxiety and Stress It is normal and necessary for our survival to feel anxious some of the time. Anxiety can keep us safe when a real threat poses – this is what we call the fight-or-flight response which prepares our body to attack or run away from a predator or other danger. Our bodies are flooded with cortisol and adrenaline (the stress hormones) which prepare our bodies to attack or run for our lives. Our muscles tense, blood pressure goes up, the heart beats faster, we breathe faster. These changes bring the blood to the heart, lungs and muscles while restricting blood flow to the digestive system, kidneys, bladder. This enables us to run or fight with super strength, speed and stamina. We may also get symptoms such as pain in chest, trembling, dry mouth, sweating or digestive problems. Modern day threats however are not usually life-threatening, more often it is a psychological threat that we respond to in this way (e.g. a critical boss or looming exams). It is therefore an inappropriate fight-or-flight reaction to a non-life-threatening situation. We are usually in a situation where it would be inappropriate to fight or run away although the body is primed to do this. Our stress hormone level therefore stays elevated. This may lead to physiological symptoms of chronic stress such as high blood pressure, migraine, irritable bowel syndrome, etc. This may also lead to mental health issues such as anxiety disorders, anger, or problem use of alcohol or drugs – often an attempt to self medicate. Setbacks in life happen to us all and sometimes so many stressful things happen so close together that we become overwhelmed. This leads to excessive worry and poor sleep. We can also misuse our imagination. Anxious people tend to have very lively imaginations with a tendency to misuse the imagination to generate worry. By worrying and anticipating worst-case scenarios and dwelling on these, we scare ourselves, causing our “emotional brain” to switch on the fight-or-flight response to this imagined threat. See https://www.humangivens.com/publications/how-to-master-anxiety/ Anxiety tricks us into believing awful things are going to happen. E.g. “I’m going to fail these exams, I won’t ever get a job, I am useless!”, etc. Anxiety disorders may be related to psychological trauma and symptoms may occur every time a reminder of the trauma is encountered – often this is unconscious. Human Givens Counselling for anxiety will help you to: - Learn effective relaxation techniques - Calm down and manage strong emotions - Get better sleep - Identify any emotional needs that are not well met and plan how to introduce the necessary changes - Control negative thoughts and overthinking - Stop misusing your imagination - Improve your self-esteem
The future of sustainable mobility and society belongs to electric vehicles or EVs. Companies globally are aggressively working towards a collective goal of achieving better and safer applications for EVs. Are you facing challenges in EV batteries and want to improve them? We are leading with the right solution for your problem. The EV market has grown rapidly in the last couple of decades, and as its popularity grows, the demand for better and improved performance also grows. The manufacturers need to increase the battery density, fast charging feature, and safety aspects of the EVs. Simultaneously, the need arises for a better cooling system for these fast-charging batteries to improve their safety. Why Is Cooling Required For EV Batteries? Global companies are trying to tackle the issue of climate change. More and more countries are starting to initiate steps against fossil fuel-based transportation. People opt for the internal combustion engine using electricity to power up the vehicle. These vehicles use power stored in rechargeable batteries. The regular charging and discharging of the battery generate heat. The heat generation is not good for the battery’s long-term health, which also impacts the vehicles’ performance and driveability. Earlier, the companies were using air cooling mothed to cope with the heating issue, but as new advancements are happening and demands are also increasing for the safety, protection, and better performance of the vehicle, air cooling is proving to be insufficient. The electric vehicles were losing their performance, and in some extreme cases, the batteries were also failing. EV manufacturing companies have moved from air cooling to immersion cooling for EV batteries. Air cooling is limited and only effective from 20 to 40 degrees Celcius. It leads to damage to the battery and vehicle. Immersion cooling is a safer and better alternative to air cooling. Liquid cooling or immersion cooling for EV batteries uses a water-glycol mix. This liquid is pumped and circulated through the battery pack. It uses several tubes and cold plates for the circulation of the mix. Immersion cooling has been very successful for EV batteries and is also used in data centers and other applications. The EV battery cells generate a large amount of heat during the charging and discharging session. The rate of heat generation increases during the State of Charge between 20 to 80%. Heat generation happens through exothermic reactions during energy activation and resistance to ionic migration. Chemical transport also contributes to this process. How Does Immersion Cooling For EV Battery Work? There are two types of immersion cooling direct and indirect cooling. Indirect immersion cooling uses water and glycol solution. It is a dielectric liquid that flows through a heat sink or cold plate. Indirect cooling works by cooling the battery cells through conduction. This happens inside the battery framework or battery pack. The glycol is a coolant liquid and is highly electrically conductive too. Glycol is aqueous and shouldn’t be in direct contact with the battery cells or wiring. If the leaks are handled well, it is very effective to use indirect cooling to increase the reliability of the system. Second, direct immersion cooling uses mineral oil or silicone oil, which works closely with lithium-ion batteries. The lithium-ion battery cells are submerged in mineral oil. The said oils reduce the thermal interface and improve the performance and system cooling. Immersion cooling is growing very rapidly, and in the future, it will have high application in other areas with high discharge rates or a fast battery charging process. Direct immersion cooling reduces the heat generation in the battery pack by 9% or more. Also, immersion cooling for battery packs is more in demand because it does not require additional ducts or cold panels. It has enabled manufacturers to use ultra-fast charging for EV batteries without making them excessively heated. Immersion cooling can use more attention to become a better version of itself. 3M is working dedicatedly and has developed specially designed dielectric fluids for EV batteries and other applications. 3M Novec 7100 is the engineered fluid that is non-conductive and non-flammable, a very desired feature of the cooling agents for EV batteries. Novec 7100 is hydrofluoroether and it has unique properties. these properties make it an ideal component to be used for immersion cooling for electric vehicles. It has low toxicity and very low global warming potential. Its zero ozone depletion potential makes it a very powerful thermal solution. One point to note here is that immersion cooling uses non-toxic materials following the environmental demands for a sustainable society. It is also non-flammable, making it safer for applications like EVs and data centers. The dielectric liquids are biodegradable and do not harm or impact the recycling procedure of the batteries. As we established earlier, immersion cooling is still in its initial phase; however, it gives excellent performance. Future Of Immersion Cooling Solutions Immersion cooling is a tested cooling method in several industries, e.g., automotive and data centers. It can be used in exceptionally high or low temperatures, different geographical areas, and high altitudes. It has a wide range of operating conditions which makes it safe. It is considered one of the best ways to reduce or slow down the heat generation process in EV batteries. Immersion cooling is still in its initial phase, and it has the potential to grow and reach many other applications where good and effective cooling methods are required. Immersion cooling for EV batteries has truly changed people’s views about the safety of electric vehicles. Using immersion cooling has increased the potential and performance of high-performing electric vehicles and established EVs as a mainstream mobility method. Electric vehicles are the way to deliver sustainable and environmentally friendly mobility and transport. However, the battery creates some challenges for EV manufacturers. The battery cells are closely stacked together, and during any operation, they generate heat. The battery cells get heated during the charging and discharging of the battery. Advancements in EV batteries like fast and ultra-fast charging have created the issue of excessive heat generation in the battery pack. For this, manufacturing companies and designers have opted for Immersion cooling for electric vehicles. Immersion cooling for EV batteries uses a mix of water and glycol solution, which is dielectric. This solution is best for refrigeration and cooling EV batteries and is also used in other processes like data centers. Companies can enhance their customer’s experience by choosing the right cooling method. Also, proper cooling will provide safety to the vehicle while increasing its performance and overall driveability. You can see the vast range of products used in EVs at www.econtroldevices.com or contact us.
Corrosion can be viewed as the natural return of metals to their ores and will occur anywhere a galvanic cell or field can be or has established. To establish the field all that is needed is two dissimilar metals that are connected directly or indirectly by an electrolyte, such as water. This is the same chemical reaction that occurs within a battery. Nearly all metals will corrode to some degree. The rate and extent of the corrosion depend on the degree of dissimilarity of the metals and the physical and chemical characteristics of the media, metal, and environment. In water that is soft, corrosion occurs because of the lack of dissolved cations, such as calcium and magnesium in the water. In scale forming water, a precipitate or coating of calcium or magnesium carbonate forms on the inside of the piping. This coating can inhibit the corrosion of the pipe because it acts as a barrier, but it can also cause the pipe to clog. Water with high levels of sodium, chloride, or other ions will increase the conductivity of the water and promote corrosion The huge quantities of energy that were consumed in mining, refining, and manufacturing metals into useful objects can be dissipated by a variety of different routes. Utilities, especially drinking water and sewer systems, suffer the largest economic impact. Water distribution main If you live in the older part of a city where the water mains are 50-100 years old, the water you drink may well have passed through a pipe in this condition! Severe corrosion like this is more common in areas where the water is acidic. Such water comes from mountain snowmelt and runoff, and usually acquires its acidity from dissolved atmospheric carbon dioxide. Waters from rivers, lakes, and especially ground waters from wells have usually been in sufficiently long contact with carbonate-containing sediments to have been neutralized. Water-works administrators like to make the water slightly alkaline and slightly supersaturated in calcium carbonate in order to maintain a thin coating of solid carbonate on the interior of the pipe which acts to protect it from corrosion. In the case of Flint, when they switched water sources, they failed to understand the previous source was adding a phosphate corrosion inhibitor to the water to create a protective layer inside the drinking water pipes. Environmental engineers, and sometime users of Gamry Instruments in corrosion research, were called in to Flint. The researchers tested the water for lead contamination and the results were staggering. (Read the complete article “How Lead Ended Up In Flint’s Tap Water” on C&EN’s website) In a related article from C&EN, scientists worry about lead exposure in children because of the possibility of causing cognitive and behavioral issues. Read more about how researchers think toxic metal is linked to criminal acts “The Crimes of Lead”. If you are a researcher looking for an easy to use reliable system that gives the right answers, Gamry’s electrochemical instruments are the market leaders for corrosion testing. Running ASTM testing is easy with Gamry’s standard list of experiments. Using our Sequence Wizard lets you string together experiments – Click Start – then come back when finished. Learn more about Gamry potentiostats for use in corrosion, paints and coatings applications. http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/: The economic aspects of corrosion are far greater than most people realize; the estimated cost of corrosion in the U.S. alone was $276 billion per year. Of this, about $121 billion was spent to control corrosion, leaving the difference of $155 billion as the net loss to the economy. Image source and some content thanks to Michiganradio.org.
Hesperian Health Guides Chapter 13: Growing older with a disability Growing older can be a time when you gain more respect in your family and community. However, it can also be a time when you become more vulnerable to poverty, mistreatment, and health problems. Whether or not you have a disability, you will experience many changes as you grow older. As your body ages, you will probably have to change the way you do many things. Some activities will have to stop because you can no longer do them. You may develop health problems or disabilities you did not have when you were younger. Some women may start using a cane or wheelchair to get around because they do not walk as well any more. Some may start to need glasses or use a hearing aid. Whether you were disabled as a child or became disabled later in life, this chapter has information on how some disabilities can develop or change and how you can care for your health as you age.
File Photo: Women and children wash plastic kitchen utensils in a stream in Phalombe, southern Malawi, Friday March 17, 2023. Authorities are still getting to grips with destruction in Malawi and Mozambique with over 370 people confirmed dead and several hundreds still displaced or missing. AP In a statement, the United Nations agency said that torrential downpours and flooding had destroyed over 300 health facilities in Madagascar, Malawi and Mozambique. Cyclone Freddy dissipated last week after leaving a trail of destruction across southern Africa and causing hundreds of deaths. Infrastructure damage has increased the risk of the spread of diseases such as cholera, malaria and COVID-19, the WHO said. Cholera cases have doubled in Mozambique over the past week, according to the WHO, reaching 2,374 as of March 20 compared to 1,023 recorded the week prior. Neighbouring Malawi, which is battling its worst-ever cholera outbreak, continues to see a drop in cases, the WHO said. But storm damage risks slowing progress in the fight against the disease, the UN agency added. "The impact of Cyclone Freddy is immense and deepfelt," WHO's Africa director Matshidiso Moeti was quoted in a statement as saying. "Our priority is to ensure that affected communities and families receive health assistance for immediate needs as well as to limit the risks of water-borne diseases and other infections spreading," she added. Follow us on:
This is the beginning of ‘Early Modern Britain’. It was a time of Renaissance, English and Scottish Reformation and the debilitating English Civil War. And as always, to the victor goes the spoils. It was a time of rulers who were vain, greedy and downright corrupt. It was a time of adulterers, swindlers and cowards. And it was a time in British history when war would tear the country apart. At the time of Elizabeth I’s death, England was changing dramatically. Let’s take a quick walk around London in this era. Imagine it’s been a rainy day and you’re out for a walk. Water puddles in dark alleys and the drains have overflowed down the middle of the cobbled streets as people huddle in their bedraggled hats and cloaks under dripping eaves. A horse-drawn carriage with clattering wheels speeds past on the uneven stones and carelessly splashes water on anyone who has braved the inclement weather. Normally the streets are packed with people and carriages and most days a blanket of smoke hangs over the city. The pollution gets in your eyes and the stonework of every building is blackened with it. Many of the houses are hundreds of years old and their timbers are deeply scarred with rat holes teaming with life. The houses are so close in the narrow alleys that occupants can reach out and touch hands with their neighbours if they chose to. London Bridge 1616 - public domain image \| But there is a reason you’re out and about on this day. After a downpour, you get the clearest view of the city with the sky washed clean of smog although the city air still smells of coal smoke. But it’s not just the burning coal that affects your nostrils. There are noxious fumes coming from the parts of the city where tanning is taking place and aromatic horse dung still lies in piles in the streets. As the day wears on, the smells are intensified by the stench from cesspits in cellars and from the carts filled with dung-pots left in the streets by rakers, whose business it is to empty private cesspits. Pigeons fly out from under the eaves of the old houses and their dropping leave white streaks on everything below. Rats scavenge behind crates avoiding the rubbish collectors in their horse-drawn carts collecting rotting matter from kitchens. You will be able to smell the flocks of sheep and herds of cattle driven by hoof to the abattoirs where their dung and blood add to the aroma on the streets. Very soon, the streets will fill, not just with permanent residents who contribute to the overcrowding feeling, but hundreds of thousands of people who come to town daily to go to markets, fairs and to do business in the city. Very soon there will be crowds of people and animals everywhere so you know not to linger. And then you listen to the sounds of London. Oxen are led into the city and slaughtered every day and the squeals and bellows they make in their pens is considerable and disturbing. There is the sound of iron wheels of coaches grinding over the cobbles and the hammering of blacksmiths and candlestick makers. There are the bells of rakers driving their dung-carts, the yelling of those gathering around a cockfight, the shouting of vendors pushing their carts, householders leaning out their windows and shouting to neighbours and you would hear the hourly chimes of more than a hundred churches. This London is so crowded, smelly and noisy you will barely be able to hear yourself think. Map of London 1593 - public domain image \| With the increase in population, diseases lurked around every corner and in every shadow. Everyday life meant being aware of the flu, dysentery, typhoid and smallpox and then there were always outbreaks of plague to be aware of. If you had a swelling in your armpits, if you were exceedingly thirsty, had a headache and if you were vomiting, you knew you were in serious trouble. You also knew to air your bedding in case there were fleas. You were certainly aware that fleas caused the disease but if you found any or you had been bitten, it was already too late because nobody had any idea how to treat it. Plague broke out in London in 1603, 1636 and in 1665. Each time it killed a significant part of the population but each time London recovered. Of course, other towns as well as London were also periodically devastated by the plague. However, the plague of 1665, which affected London and other towns, was the last recorded outbreak and no one is very sure why because rats still scurried through the dark streets and people were still throwing dirty water and other rubbish from their windows into those same streets. Great Plague - public domain image \| 17th century London was a dangerous place to live if you were poor but if you were rich, you were lucky. Transportation was no problem for you. You could easily walk from one street to another or you could travel by boat along the Thames. You could even hire a horse-drawn carriage called a ‘hackney carriage’ to take you around London if you desired. The streets were lit for the first time and an oil lamp was hung outside every tenth house. Not that the oil lamps gave you much light but they were certainly better than nothing at all, which was a fact of life on the other side of town. The poor lived in houses east of the city where the streets were narrow and dark, well away from the wealthy people. Unfortunately, in these overcrowded, heavily populated areas, crime and danger was ever present and in a place where so many had so little, it’s not so surprising. Tempers and alcohol produced volatile situations and you made sure you kept a dagger close by to protect yourself. You learnt to keep your wits about you on the way home from the local pub especially as ale was the only available liquid to drink due to the unsanitary condition of the water. Looking at the rivers running with excrement, they had a good point. London Bridge over the Thames 1632 - public domain image \| However, improvements were on the way and a piped water supply was being created. Water from a reservoir travelled along elm pipes through the streets then along lead pipes to individual houses. Unfortunately, you had to pay to be connected to the supply and it was not cheap. Because of the state of the water, keeping yourself clean wasn’t an easy task. You did that, not by washing, but by rubbing linen cloths over your body and through your hair to soak up the sweat. To take care of our body odour, you used perfume to improve the smell of your clothes. After taking care of your body odours, you had to take care of your breath. Thankfully, the Chinese had invented the toothbrush in 17th century and it had been introduced to England so there wasn’t as much need to chew cumin seeds or aniseed anymore. However, after brushing, you still rinsed out your mouth with white wine. In the Middle Ages, ordinary people's homes were usually made of wood. Most of the poor lived in huts of two or three rooms while some families managed to survive in just one room. Your furniture, such as it was, remained very plain and basic because enhancements in furniture were not a part of your life. But there were some more improvements on the horizon. In the 16th century, chimneys had been a luxury only the well-off could afford. Windows however took a little longer to become commonplace. Glass was definitely a luxury so those who could not afford it made do with linen soaked in linseed oil. However, during the 17th century glass became cheaper and by the late 17th century everyone had glass windows, sometimes casement windows (ones that opened on hinges). Later on, sash windows that slid up and down vertically to open and shut, were being introduced. In the early 17th century people began eating with forks for the first time. New foods were being introduced into England such as bananas and pineapples and new drinks such as chocolate, tea and coffee had arrived. By late 17th century, coffee houses had popped up all around town and merchants and professional men alike could meet to read newspapers and talk shop. 17th Century coffee house - public domain image \| But not everyone was so lucky. Ordinary people existed on food like bread, cheese and onions and they ate pottage each and every day. This kind of strew was made by boiling grain in water to make a kind of porridge to which you added vegetables and pieces of meat or fish, if you could afford it. Everyday life was a challenge and a hazard so it’s not surprising that the average life span in the 17th century was considerably shorter than today. Average life expectancy at birth was only 35 and many people died while they were still children. Out of all the people born, between one third and one half died before the age of about 16. However, if you could survive to your mid-teens you would probably live to your 50s or early 60s. Stagecoaches were running regularly between the major English towns from the middle of the 17th century although the wealthy were still being carried around in sedan chairs while out and about in town. You paid dearly for the luxury of a stagecoach, and to top it off, they were very uncomfortable on the rough roads because none of them had springs. And of course, there was always the danger of highwaymen. Dick Turpin - public domain image \| The word ‘highwaymen’ conjures up characters like Dirk Turpin but these men were not so polite. If you were unlucky enough to come across these ruffians, there would also be another group cutting off your retreat. They would not only take your money and jewels, they took your clothes as well. Some killed their victims but most were left tied up in the forest in such a way that you could work yourself lose in an hour or two and make your way to the nearest inn or town in your underwear. If you survived the trip, you would be grateful to arrive unharmed but even these establishments housed thieves and unsavoury characters. Heaven help you if you needed to see a doctor because barber-surgeons were still performing operations. Their knowledge of anatomy was improving but still left a lot to be desired. In 1628 William Harvey published his discovery of how blood circulates around the body and doctors had discovered how to treat malaria with bark from the cinchona tree. William Harvey - public domain image \| But even with these improvements, medicine was still handicapped by wrong ideas about the human body. Most doctors still thought that there were four fluids or 'humors' in the body - blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile. Illness resulted when you had too much of one humor. When that happened, you needed to be bled. Nevertheless, during the 17th century, a more scientific approach to medicine emerged and some doctors thankfully began to question traditional ideas. The 17th century would contain the most religious decade Britain had ever seen since the Middle Ages and society would be dominated by Christian beliefs and a willingness to severely punish people for ungodly behaviour. Puritanism was on the horizon Trisha Hughes is an Australian author living in Hong Kong. She is the author of her memoir ‘Daughters of Nazareth’ and she has completed the first two books in her V2V trilogy, ‘Vikings to Virgin - The Hazards of being King’ and ‘Virgin to Victoria - The Queen is dead. Long live the Queen’. This second in the series is due for release on 28th April this year. You can contact Trisha via her websites: www.trishahughesauthor.com www.vikingstovirgin.com or via
Onsite Treatment of Progressing Medical Waste Management The safe disposal of biohazardous or regulated medical waste is a critical concern for any life science facility. Traditionally, this involves multiple transport steps and human contact points, from storage to autoclaving, incineration, and landfill. However, a growing number of facilities in Ireland, the UK, and the US are discovering the benefits of onsite medical waste treatment. This piece will explore the reasons behind this rising shift in biohazardous waste management, including advancements in medical waste recycling and treatment technologies. Reduced Regulatory Risk One of the biggest advantages of onsite treatment is the significant reduction in regulatory risk. Here’s why: - Generator Liability: Even after offsite transport, the legal responsibility for biohazard waste disposal ultimately falls on the waste source or “generator.” This means that if the waste isn’t properly destroyed or spills during transport, the generator – not the transporter – could face financial and/or reputational repercussions. - For instance, in Erie, Pennsylvania, US, in 2019, a truck carrying medical waste overturned, spilling needles and other contaminated sharps waste into a nearby Walmart parking lot. - By rendering waste safe and unrecognizable at the source of generation, onsite treatment greatly reduces this risk, particularly for those in regulated medical waste treatment companies. Mitigating Health Risks Another key benefit of onsite treatment lies in minimizing health risks. Every time biohazardous waste changes hands, the potential for worker exposure increases. This includes healthcare workers at the generator facility, transportation personnel, and staff at the offsite treatment centre. - In the US, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) emphasizes the importance of minimizing worker exposure to bloodborne pathogens in their Bloodborne Pathogens Standard. Onsite treatment significantly reduces the number of “touchpoints” for live waste, minimizing the risk of exposure throughout the medical waste treatment process. Beyond Safety: Efficiency Gains Onsite treatment offers additional advantages beyond safety. It can: - Reduce Transportation Costs: Eliminating the need for transportation cuts associated costs like fuel, vehicle maintenance, and driver salaries. - Streamline Waste Management: Onsite treatment allows for a more controlled and efficient waste management process. - Improve Sustainability: Reduced transportation, autoclaving, and incineration translate to a lower carbon footprint, aligning with the goals of biohazardous waste recycling. The Future of Medical Waste Recycling and Treatment Onsite treatment technology has become increasingly sophisticated and accessible, making it a viable option for facilities of all sizes across key regions. Whether you’re considering a new waste disposal system or looking to improve your current practices, exploring onsite treatment is a worthwhile investment in the safety, efficiency, and regulatory compliance of your biomedical disposal waste. Envetec’s GENERATIONS® is a novel clean technology solution engineered for the life science industries. Our validated technology is installed on-site and can enable the recycling of up to 100% of plastics in a safe, effective, and sustainable way. GENERATIONS is non-thermal and utilizes a biodegradable chemical. The system’s unique capabilities convert biohazardous waste into a recyclable flake that is safe for transport and recycling. This is a game-changer for biohazardous waste treatment companies seeking to enhance their clinical waste collection and disposal methods. Making the Switch Considering the benefits of onsite treatment, it’s clear that this approach to medical waste recycling and treatment offers significant advantages. By integrating Envetec’s GENERATIONS® technology, facilities can ensure the safe and sustainable disposal of biomedical waste. This innovative system not only addresses biohazard waste disposal but also promotes genuine recycling, transforming waste into high-value polymer resources, ideal for regions focusing on medical waste management improvements. Contact us now to learn more about GENERATIONS® and how you can create clean change. Embrace the future of medical waste management with our cutting-edge solutions.
The Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Central Federal Lands Highway Division is conducting a comprehensive study to identify techniques that maximize the opportunities for successful revegetation along high altitude portions of U.S. Highway 212, the Beartooth Highway. A portion of the Beartooth Highway that travels through alpine and subalpine areas is proposed for reconstruction by the FHWA. FHWA has conducted revegetation experiments in the form of test plots and seed-increase experiments since 1999 to identify the most successful revegetation techniques for revegetating alpine areas. Over a period of four years, four revegetation experiments have been placed on the Beartooth Highway to investigate the most effective revegetation techniques for subalpine and alpine disturbances. Variables tested include topsoil placement, organic amendments, surface mulches, seeding rate, and seed source (locally collected or commercial sources). In addition, three seed-growout experiments have been conducted at a nearby farm in Manderson, Wyoming, to assess whether seed collected on the Beartooth Plateau can be produced in large quantities and used to revegetate disturbed areas associated with construction. These seed-growout experiments tested the potential to commercially produce a variety of alpine and subalpine forb, grass, and sedge seed. The results from this study will assist highway departments, mining, oil and gas, and utility companies, and other land-management agencies in revegetating high-altitude disturbances to meet requirements of various state, local, and federal permits. The study makes conclusions about the effectiveness of several revegetation items, such as seeding rate, type of organic amendment, fertilizer reapplication, and topsoil placement and makes recommendations for further study regarding native-seed propagation. Key words: alpine revegetation, native-plant restoration, highway revegetation, soil amendments, seeding rates, topsoil.
Growing enthusiasm for additive manufacturing in industry is leading standardization organizations to study the need for normative documents to define an occupational safety and health framework for the subject. The Technical Committee ISO/TC 261, “Additive Manufacturing”, under whose responsibility six standards and/or drafts have already been published since 2013, has highlighted health and safety issues in this area. Several studies evaluate the risks relating to dangerous exhalations from household machines produced by additive manufacturing using plastic thread. The increasingly frequent use of powders during melting by laser or electron beam also worry the standards organizations. An ad hoc “Safety” group in the Technical Committee was formed to work on the subject in early 2016. It is set to meet in Stockholm very soon in order to continue drawing up a draft standard for preventing these risks.
Specialization and Hard Choices, 1960-1980 In the decades after moving downtown, Jewish Hospital underwent yet another major transformation, developing from a general hospital into a regional multi-specialty institution. In the mid-1960s, Jewish Hospital opened the first Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in the city and became the site of the first kidney transplant and the first open heart surgery in Kentucky. Medical specialization in open heart surgery and organ transplants pushed Jewish Hospital to make some hard choices. One was the 1967 decision to close its Obstetrical Department to make more space for the Intensive Care and Coronary Care units. While Jewish Hospital focused on these new areas of expertise, other hospitals invested in obstetrical care. The pressures of specialization conflicted with Jewish Hospital’s longstanding commitment to the Jewish community. Upon closing its Obstetrical Department, Jewish Hospital took steps to ensure that Jewish parents-to-be would have continued access to kosher food and facilities for ritual circumcision in other local hospitals. These images testify to Jewish Hospital’s investment in new technologies and specialized staff during the 1960s and 1970s. This period set a precedent for pioneering procedures that would continue well into the future. For instance, in 1999, the first hand transplant in the United States was performed at Jewish Hospital.
A Fortnightly Review of Tate Britain Gallery, London. Through 4 September 2011. By ANDREW THACKER. FOR A LONG TIME, Vorticism has been understood as the only significant avant-garde art movement that emerged in Britain in the years immediately prior to the First World War, a period when many artistic ‘-isms’ emerged across continental Europe, including Cubism, Futurism, and Post-Impressionism. It was only with the publication of the modernist little magazine BLAST, in 1914, and the First Vorticist Exhibition at the Doré Galleries in London in 1915, that a similarly aggressive and confrontational art movement appeared on British shores, led by the self-styled ‘enemy’ painter and writer, Percy Wyndham Lewis. With Vorticism abstract modern art had arrived in Britain. The current retrospective at the Tate Gallery offers the most important and detailed account of Vorticism since the exhibition at the Hayward Gallery, London, in 1974. It also offers something of a corrective to the standard story of Vorticism sketched above by including fascinating information on Vorticism’s early origins in an exhibition in Brighton, along with a Vorticist exhibition held in America in 1917, and a widening of the focus away from the work of Lewis. Although Lewis was later to claim that ‘Vorticism was, in fact, what I, personally, did and said at a certain period’, this show also features prominently work by Jacob Epstein, the female Vorticists Helen Saunders, Jessica Dismorr, and Dorothy Shakespear, as well as the photographic experiments – Vortographs – carried out by Alvin Langdon Coburn in collaboration with his fellow American, the poet Ezra Pound. And although Vorticism is rightly called a British movement, it was, as was so often the case with modernism in this country, populated with many artistic exiles, such as the Polish sculptor Henri Gaudier-Brzeska and Americans such as Ezra Pound and Epstein. INDEED, THE EXHIBITION makes a bold opening statement: the first room is devoted to Birmingham Art Gallery’s reconstruction of Epstein’s Rock Drill, which unnervingly blends the artist’s interests in fertility and industrial production. I was intrigued to notice that the name of the manufacturer of the commercial drill used by Epstein, ‘Holman Bros Ltd Camborne England’, is still clearly visible on the ‘legs’ of the piece. The exhibition then follows a rough chronology, with a useful overview of the central figures in the modern art world of London in the years 1912-14. We can see how Vorticism emerged with Lewis’s Rebel Art Centre as a counterblast to the Italian Futurists and the French Cubists – even though the differences between such movements may have seemed, to outsiders at least, marginal: an initial prospectus for Lewis’s Rebel Art Centre even described itself as the ‘Cubist Art Centre and School.’ One of the most lasting Vorticist objects has been the magazine BLAST, the ‘Review of the Great English Vortex’ of which there were only two issues. A room in the exhibition devoted to it contains many of the works of art reproduced in its pages, including Edward Wadsworth’s Cape of Good Hope and Lewis’s Timon of Athens. It is also a nice touch to include copies of the reprinted BLAST for visitors to examine, although the photocopied pages blutacked to the walls reminded me somewhat of spaces devoted in galleries to children’s activities! Perhaps the curators were reminded of some of the bewildered remarks of the contemporary British press upon the first Vorticist exhibition, such as the Daily Mail’s comment that ‘Almost any child between the ages of eight months and three years can be a first rate Vorticist if it [sic] is given some lightly coloured paints, bottle of blacking and mama’s new white tablecloth.’ SUCH COMMENTS, OF COURSE, fail to do justice to the many rich and complex works produced under the Vorticist umbrella: Nevinson’s Marching Men of 1916 shows vividly how Vorticism tackled the destructive dynamism of the First World War; while David Bomberg’s The Mud Bath (which seems a little cleaner than the last time I saw it in the Tate) demonstrates how Vorticism developed the Futurist interest in energy and abstraction and turned it in a new direction, with cleaner lines and primary colours that point to many developments in modern art later in the twentieth century. Lewis’s The Crowd, a seminal depiction of the way in which modern urban experience subjugates both the individual and the mass – while stimulating the vision of the artist – dominates the room devoted to the Doré Galleries exhibition of 1915, and rightly so, as it is key work in the development of modernist art in this country. Some of the very best Vorticst works were its sculptures, and the idiosyncratic work of Gaudier-Brzeska is well-represented here, including the faintly preposterous phallic head of Pound and the rather more subtle and elegant Red Stone Dancer. Some great Epstein sculptures in green serpentine, such as the Female Figure of 1913, continue the high standard in this medium. Importantly, it was the sculptural work of Vorticism that Pound was to praise so highly – in a series of articles for another little magazine, The Egoist – and the work of the sculptor upon stone was to offer Pound a stimulating metaphor for his own poetic carving upon language. THE FINAL ROOM is devoted to the exhibition held at the Penguin Club in New York in 1917 and is an intriguing way to finish. The show was organised by Pound, while based in London, and the Irish-American patron and collector, John Quinn. The important role in the story of modernism played by patrons such as Quinn has become more well-known to scholars and critics over the last twenty years, and although the Penguin Club exhibition received little press attention in America, it indicates yet again just how modernism was entangled with the concerns of economics and a commodity culture that, at times, its experimental formalism seems to oppose. Quinn added a number of key Vorticist works to his own personal collection, many of which then found their way into American collections after his death in 1927, thus ensuring a presence for the movement in America. Lewis later argued that the horrors of the First World War ended the appetite of the British public for abstract art and, returning from his own service as a gunner in the war, he went ‘underground’ in the 1920s lamenting how Vorticism, as the first English avant-garde, was ‘blasted’ aside by the larger guns of the military conflict across Europe. However, it is useful to be reminded both of the energy and excitement that Vorticism exemplified and of how its ‘blasting’ of the staid aesthetic norms that ruled in London in 1914 spread beyond the borders of an England that was described in the first issue of BLAST as an ‘industrial island machine, pyramidal’. Andrew Thacker is Professor of Twentieth Century Literature at De Montfort University, Leicester, the co-director of The Modernist Magazines Project, and author or editor of several books on modernism, including The Oxford Handbook of Modernisms (2010) and The Imagist Poets (2011). In the Fortnightly: - Ezra Pound’s “Vorticism” (No. 96, n.s.). - Anthony O’Hear: Listening to the Dead – On Pound’s First Canto. - Vortographs at the Camera Club (Duke University) - The Blast Manifesto (Davidson College) - The Modernist Journals Project (Brown and Tulsa universities) - The Vorticists (exhibition catalogue)
Accrual basis, open up the future of public finance The government has adopted accrual basis accounting system to operate government’s finance more efficiently and to increase transparency of financial information. As a result, 1.The management system for fiscal soundness has changed. 2.The government’s hidden assets have been found. 3.The government’s financial condition can be understood easily through financial statements. 4.The various indices of government can be compared to the indices of other countries. we have obtained the desired outcome. 5th Anniversary: Achievements and tasks (to complete) I’ve heard of the word “accrual basis” many times, and I wonder what it really means and how it is utilized. One of the advantages of adopting accrual accounting is to identify the sizes of assets and liabilities at a glance. Previously, only those debts incurred from contracts were managed. However, as liabilities which are highly likely to be paid(provisions) are also considered liabilities currently, it has gotten more efficient to manage the government’s financial condition. The examples of the liabilities include pension liabilities for public officials and professional soldiers. Since these liabilities began to be recognized, the pension reform has been triggered. Likewise, accrual basis government accounting will play a role to raise a red-flag in times of risky situations. The limitations of accrual basis information include low accessibility and low degree of understanding for citizens due to the complexity of financial statements. In addition, the use of information, such as performance evaluation for the businesses of government departments, is not very frequent. The future improvement directions are (1) internally, to strengthen the education of pubic officials so that they utilize the information more actively and (2) externally, it is necessary to provide tailored information considering the level of intelligence, the demand, and the utilization of information users. Especially, I think it is necessary to use tables, figures, etc., so that citizens understand the government’s financial information better. Domestically, the Statistics Korea (KOSTAT) provides various services, including the Micro Data Integration Service, in order to enable the citizens to understand statistics more easily and conveniently. Externally, the KOSTAT tries to maintain the credibility of information for international comparison purposes. It is also necessary to increase the use of government accounting information by making the information easy to understand. Moreover, it is essential to put much efforts to maintain credibility and objectivity through international comparisons as well as foreign information exchanges. After all, these processes will increase accounting transparency. Although we have made many results from the adoption of accrual basis government accounting for a short period of time, there are still many tasks to be done. We will try hard to make more people utilize the information and make fiscal management more efficient. Thank you.
Austria has reached a significant milestone in its green hydrogen ambitions as the country’s first green hydrogen production plant goes live in Styria. The pilot plant, located in Gabersdorf municipality, features a 1-MW electrolyser powered by a nearby solar park. This initial facility is part of a broader plan to expand the electrolysis capacity in the region to over 150 MW. With a collector area of 6,000 sq m, the site is expected to produce 300 tonnes of renewable hydrogen annually once fully expanded. The first recipient of this green hydrogen is Wolfram Bergbau und Huetten AG, a subsidiary of Sandvik Group, which will utilize 70 tonnes of the output to reduce natural gas usage at its metallurgical plant in St. Martin im Sulmtal, Styria. Energie Steiermark, a local energy company, owns and operates the hydrogen production site, which required investments totaling EUR 10.5 million. Drawing from the lessons learned during the Gabersdorf pilot project, Energie Steiermark plans to collaborate with local industries to add an additional 150 MW of hydrogen production capacity. Simultaneously, the company aims to repurpose around 200 km of existing natural gas pipelines for hydrogen integration, further advancing their green hydrogen initiatives. As Austria takes its first steps towards establishing a robust green hydrogen ecosystem, this milestone sets a promising precedent for future hydrogen developments in the country.
Near Field Communication (NFC) is something we take for granted these days. Nearly all smartphones have it. We even have NFC interfaces for all our favorite development boards. NFC’s history goes back all the way to 1997, when an early version was used in Star Wars special edition toys. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), which NFC builds on, goes back even further. The patent citation trail leads all the way back to 1983 in a patent awarded to [Charles Walton]. NFC is much more than RFID though. The idea of two way communication between devices opens up tons of possibilities for projects and hacks. This week on the Hacklet we’re checking out some of the best NFC projects on Hackaday.io! We start with [Patrick] and Ctrl-O. Somewhere in the hackerspace bible there is a clause that states “Thou shalt build an electronic access control system”. In [Patrick’s] case, a door lock became a complex membership subscription management database. Members who have paid can use an NFC tag to gain access to the hackerspace. The system consists of a Raspberry Pi with an NFC interface. A relay allows the Pi to control the door lock. The Pi can be manually configured through a web interface. It connects to Paypal to verify that each user’s membership has actually been paid. Of course a project like this is never done. The last we heard from [Patrick], he was planning future upgrades such as startup company memberships with multiple people. Next up is [Pierre Charlier] and KeyDuino. KeyDuino is an Arduino compatible board with all the NFC hardware baked right in. The board is based upon the Arduino Leonardo, with an ATmega32u4 processor. [Pierre] must be on to something, because the KeyDuino had a successful Kickstarter back in 2015. It’s also open source hardware, so you can build your own whenever you want. The real gem is checking out [Pierre’s] other projects. He’s documented all his KeyDuino example projects right on Hackaday.io. These include an NFC Controlled infinity mirror coffee table, a locking wooden gift box, and NFC controlled car door locks, just to name a few. Next we have [John McLear] with 2016 NFC Ring. [John] jumped into wearable technology with one of the toughest form factors imaginable – a ring. Between the tiny amount of space and the lack of batteries, you might think there isn’t much you can do with a ring. Undaunted, [John] managed to fit two NXP NFC chips and their antennas inside a standard ring. This is the upgraded 2016 version of the ring. [John] was nice enough to supply several hundred of the earlier models to hackers at the Hackaday Supercon back in 2015. [John’s] rings would be hard for the average hacker to reproduce. [Sean Hodgins] comes to the rescue here with his own project, DIY NFC Bentwood Ring. Finally, we have [CaptMcAllister] with RFID air pressure sensor. As the name implies, this sensor measures air pressure. It could be in open air, a tire, or even a football used by the New England Patriots. Sure, cars all have Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) sensors which do something similar. [CaptMcAllister’s] design has one important difference – it has no batteries. The heart of the system is a Texas Instruments RF430FRL15X, a device with the NFC radio and a low power MSP430 microcontroller in one chip. The system is energy harvesting, being powered by an external reader. As you can imagine, tuning the antenna was critical to this design. You can read all about it in [CaptMcAllister’s] 24 project logs. If you want to see more NFC projects and hacks, check out our new near field communication projects list. See a project I might have missed? Don’t be shy, just drop me a message on Hackaday.io. That’s it for this week’s Hacklet, As always, see you next week. Same hack time, same hack channel, bringing you the best of Hackaday.io!
The honey bee is originally a forest insect that used to live freely in our forests. Today, honeybees are mostly in human care and are therefore often referred to as "mankind's smallest domestic animal". A honey bee colony functions like a single large organism. One honey bee alone would not be able to survive. The queen is responsible for laying the eggs, while up to 45,000 workers take over all the other activities. This includes building the honeycombs, feeding the larvae, cleaning and guarding the hive, collecting pollen and nectar and producing and storing honey. Honey bees use honey as food for the winter. Male bees, known as drones, develop from unfertilized eggs. They are only accepted in the hive during the mating season. Do you know of the wild relatives of the honey bee, wild bees? There are about 565 species in Germany. Most species of wild bees do not live in colonies, but alone. They occur wherever they can find sufficient food, nesting sites and building material for their nests. For example, they need cavities in the ground or in plant stems; but they also use boreholes, wall joints and insect nests. Wild bees do not need honey. The offspring of many wild bee types hibernate in their brood cell in a cocoon. Wild bees play an important role in agriculture and nature because they pollinate wild herbs, shrubs and trees. In turn the seeds and fruits provide food for many other animal species. Their importance for pollination is even greater than that of honeybees. Most wild bee species have only a very small or gentle sting that cannot pierce human skin. Only social species like bumble bees can be more defensive when protecting their nests. - The red mason bee is the insect of the year 2019. It sets up its breeding chambers in hollow plant stems. In each chamber it lays an egg and a supply of pollen for food. The larvae are left to their own devices. They consume the food, spin a cocoon, pupate and eventually develop into adult bees. The offspring do not leave the nest until the following spring. - Bumblebees are wild bees. However, they do not live alone but in one-year-old colonies with a queen and - depending on the species - with 50 to several 100 workers. They build their nests in small earth or tree cavities or under a layer of moss. There are 36 different species of bumblebees in Germany.
Did you know that winemaking is not just a process of creating a delicious beverage, but also a way to preserve cultural heritage and traditions? It’s true! Wine has been an integral part of many cultures around the world for centuries, and the techniques and practices of winemaking have been passed down from generation to generation. In this article, we will explore the vital role that wine plays in preserving cultural heritage and traditions through winemaking. From the ancient vineyards of Europe to the new world wineries of the Americas, wine has a rich history that continues to shape our world today. History of Winemaking The history of winemaking dates back thousands of years, with evidence of wine production found in ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans. These early winemakers developed techniques for cultivating grapes, fermenting the juice, and aging the wine in wooden barrels. Throughout the centuries, winemaking has evolved and spread to different regions of the world, each with its unique traditions and practices. In France, for example, winemaking is a highly regarded art form, with strict regulations governing the production of wines in regions such as Bordeaux, Burgundy, and Champagne. Preserving Cultural Heritage Winemaking is not just about creating a delicious beverage; it’s also about preserving cultural heritage and traditions. Many winemakers around the world take pride in using traditional methods passed down through generations to produce their wines. These methods often reflect the values and beliefs of the culture in which they were developed. For example, in Italy, winemakers follow centuries-old practices of fermenting grapes in large clay vessels called amphorae. In Spain, winemakers age their wines in underground caves dug into the mountainside. These traditions not only produce unique and flavorful wines but also help to preserve the cultural identity of the regions in which they are produced. Supporting Local Communities When you purchase wine from small, family-owned wineries, you are not just buying a bottle of wine; you are also supporting local communities and preserving cultural heritage. Many of these wineries rely on traditional methods of winemaking to produce their wines, which in turn helps to sustain local economies and traditions. By supporting these wineries, you are helping to ensure that centuries-old practices of winemaking continue to thrive and that the cultural heritage of these regions is preserved for future generations. So next time you’re in the wine aisle, consider reaching for a bottle from a small, family-owned winery and toast to preserving cultural traditions through winemaking. Q: Are traditional winemaking practices more sustainable than modern methods? A: While traditional winemaking practices may be more labor-intensive, they often result in wines that are more authentic and reflective of the terroir in which they are produced. Additionally, many traditional methods are more environmentally friendly and sustainable than modern industrial winemaking practices. Q: How can I support small, family-owned wineries? A: One of the best ways to support small wineries is to purchase their wines directly from the winery or through local wine shops. Visiting wineries for tastings and tours is also a great way to support these businesses and learn more about their cultural heritage. Q: What can I do to help preserve cultural heritage through winemaking? A: You can help preserve cultural heritage through winemaking by learning about the history and traditions of winemaking in different regions, supporting small wineries that use traditional methods, and sharing your knowledge and passion for wine with others. By doing so, you can help ensure that these cultural traditions continue to thrive for generations to come.
A ball bearing is a type of rolling element bearing commonly used in various mechanical applications. It consists of a spherical-shaped ball or multiple balls housed within an outer and inner race. The primary purpose of a ball bearing is to reduce friction and facilitate smooth rotational or linear motion between two moving parts. The outer race, typically a rigid ring, provides a stable outer surface for the ball bearing, while the inner race, also a ring, provides a smooth inner surface for the balls to rotate against. The balls themselves are usually made of steel or ceramic and are evenly spaced within the races. They roll freely between the races, enabling the transmission of loads and reducing frictional resistance. Ball bearings come in various designs and configurations to accommodate different types of loads and operating conditions. Some common types include: - Deep groove ball bearings: These are the most common type of ball bearings, featuring deep raceway grooves that enable both radial and axial loads. - Angular contact ball bearings: These bearings have inner and outer raceways designed to handle combined radial and axial loads at various angles. - Thrust ball bearings: Designed to support axial loads, thrust ball bearings consist of a ring with evenly spaced balls. - Self-aligning ball bearings: These bearings have the ability to self-align and accommodate misalignment between the shaft and housing due to their two rows of balls. Ball bearings offer several advantages in mechanical systems, such as reduced friction, increased efficiency, and smoother operation. They are widely used in various industries, including automotive, aerospace, industrial machinery, and household appliances, to facilitate motion in rotating components like wheels, shafts, gears, and pulleys.
As a coffee enthusiast, you may have come across the term SHG coffee, which stands for Strictly High Grown Coffee. This unique and sought-after type of coffee refers to coffee beans that are grown at high altitudes, usually over 1,200 meters (4,000 feet) above sea level. The high altitude plays a crucial role in the development of the coffee beans, impacting their flavor and quality. When coffee is grown at such high elevations, the beans develop more slowly, allowing for a higher concentration of nutrients to be delivered to them. This results in more complex and desirable flavor profiles for coffee connoisseurs. SHG coffee is often considered a premium coffee due to its rich taste and the fact that it can only be found in specific growing regions that meet the altitude requirements. What is SHG Coffee? SHG Coffee, or Strictly High Grown Coffee, is a term used to classify coffee beans that are grown at high altitudes, typically above 1,200 meters (4,000 feet) above sea level. This classification is important because the altitude at which coffee is grown can significantly impact its flavor and quality. When you encounter coffee labeled as SHG, or sometimes Strictly Hard Bean (SHB), it indicates that the beans have been grown at higher elevations, which contributes to their slow development. This slow growth allows for more nutrients to be delivered to the beans, resulting in a higher nutrient concentration and a denser, harder bean. In Central American countries such as Nicaragua, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, and Costa Rica, the SHG classification is used as the highest grade in their coffee grading systems. Coffee beans grown at higher elevations are often considered to be of superior quality, as the altitude creates the ideal environmental conditions for the beans to develop complex, nuanced flavors and retain their natural acidity. When selecting a coffee, looking for the SHG or SHB label can be a valuable indicator of the taste and quality you can expect from the beans, as well as the potential sustainability and positive environmental impact of the coffee-growing practices used in creating the product. - Organic Fair Trade Nicaraguan SHG: This light roasted whole bean coffee is USDA Organic & Fair Trade certified; it features the SHG (Strictly High Grown) grade and produces a mild body, light acidity,… - Strictly High Grown specifies that the coffee was grown at an altitude around 1350 meters. Coffee grown at a higher altitude and lower temperature produces a slower maturing fruit and a denser bean,… - So Many Choices: We’re passionate about coffee; Try our product lines of Single Origin, Decaffeinated, Blends, and Tea; Also explore our light, medium and dark roasts Growing Conditions and Altitude Understanding the growing conditions and altitude of SHG coffee is crucial for appreciating its unique qualities. SHG (Strictly High Grown) coffee is defined as coffee trees grown at an altitude of between 1,200 – 1,370 meters above sea level. Growing at these higher altitudes exposes the coffee trees to cooler temperatures and increased rainfall. As a result, the coffee cherries mature more slowly, leading to the development of richer flavors, and a more complex acidity and body. Temperature and Climate The ideal temperature range for SHG coffee trees is between 18°C and 24°C. This range ensures a steady, slow growth of the coffee cherries, allowing the beans to absorb valuable nutrients from the soil. Temperature variations can impact the yield and quality of the coffee beans. In addition to temperature, climate conditions play a significant role in shaping the characteristics of SHG coffee. Coffee trees require an adequate balance of rainfall and sunshine with a well-defined dry season. This ensures proper development and drying of coffee cherries, ultimately contributing to a better overall cup quality. As you explore SHG coffee, it’s essential to consider these factors that influence the unique qualities of the beans. High altitude, temperature, and climate all contribute to the flavor profile and characteristics of this highly sought-after coffee. Flavor Profile and Quality As you explore the world of Strictly High Grown (SHG) Coffee, it’s important to understand its flavor profile and quality aspects. SHG coffee beans are grown at elevations of more than 1,200 meters (4,000 ft) above sea level, which contributes to their distinct characteristics in terms of acidity, body, and complexity. One of the key aspects of SHG coffee’s flavor profile is its noticeable acidity. The high altitude at which these beans are grown allows them to develop a bright and crisp acidity. This type of acidity is often described as a lively, fruity, or citrusy sensation on the palate. The higher altitude also contributes to a longer maturation process, giving the beans a fruitier flavor. The body of SHG coffee is typically medium to full, with a rich and satisfying mouthfeel. This is because the slow maturation process at higher altitudes results in higher nutrient concentrations in the coffee beans, which translates to a more substantial and well-rounded body in the brewed coffee. SHG coffee also boasts a higher level of complexity in its flavor profile. As a result of the ideal growing conditions at higher elevations, these beans often develop unique and nuanced flavors, such as citrus, vanilla, nutty, or chocolate notes, as seen in High Grown coffees from Kenya, Sulawesi, Sumatra, Ethiopia, and Tanzania. The combination of crisp acidity, full body, and diverse flavors creates a coffee that is both enjoyable and intriguing to taste. As you experience different SHG coffees, remember that the altitude, growing conditions, and processing methods all contribute to the distinct acidity, body, and complexity of the final brew. By appreciating these nuances, you’ll be able to fully savor the unique flavors of Strictly High Grown coffee. Regions Producing SHG Coffee When it comes to SHG coffee, certain regions around the world are known for their high-altitude coffee production. These regions provide a unique combination of high elevation, optimal climate conditions, and rich soil that cultivates the finest SHG coffee beans. Famous regions in Africa for producing SHG coffee include Kenya, Ethiopia, and Tanzania. These countries offer ideal altitudes for coffee production, with many growing areas meeting or even exceeding SHG standards. South America is another key region for SHG coffee, particularly from countries like Brazil and Colombia. In Brazil, areas such as Sao Paulo are known for their favorable coffee-growing conditions, while Colombia has gained widespread recognition and appreciation for its coffee quality. The South America coffee region also consists of countries such as Bolivia and Ecuador, both contributing to the high-altitude coffee production. In Central America, Guatemala, and Costa Rica are particularly esteemed for their SHG coffee beans. Honduras is another country worth noting, as it is home to six distinct coffee-growing regions that produce sought-after SHG coffees, each offering unique flavors ranging from chocolate to fruity notes. As you explore the world of SHG coffee, you’ll find that each region contributes something distinct and extraordinary, which is why it’s worth experiencing the various beans originating from these high-altitude locations. In conclusion, Strictly High Grown (SHG) Coffee is grown at high altitudes, resulting in a slow growth process that leads to a more complex flavor profile and higher nutrient concentration. While altitude is significant, other factors like soil quality and processing methods also impact coffee quality. Knowing about SHG coffee can lead to discovering new blends and origins. So, keep this in mind when choosing coffee beans next time.
Explain their role and function in the Global War on Terror (GWOT). Chapter 3: The Eagle and the Snake: America’s Experience with Suicide Bombings talks to the role of suicide bombings and terrorism focused on the United States. The short video by David Kilcullen and the two articles by Cooper and Ricks help set the stage for students to understand how these concepts are changing US policy. Explain the primary characteristics of counterterrorism and counterinsurgency. Explain their role and function in the Global War on Terror (GWOT). Your initial post should be at least 250 words in length. Support your claims with examples from required material(s), scholarly resources, and or official government sources. Properly cite any references used in your post. Requirements: 250 words Answer preview for the “Explain their role and function in the Global War on Terror (GWOT).” essay………………………….. apa 348 words
Source: The Canadian Press Aug 22, 2016 By Camille Bains THE CANADIAN PRESS VANCOUVER _ Canada “has missed the boat” when it comes to developing renewable energy resources that would mitigate the impact of global warming and its impact on human health, a leading medical expert says. Dr. James Orbinski, a professor at the Dalla Lana School of Public Health at the University of Toronto, told a meeting of the Canadian Medical Association that Canada still has time to catch up with other countries or it will be left behind. California has the fastest-growing economy in the United States despite putting a price on carbon emissions, but Canada has failed to recognize that this is not a “false choice” with a negative economic impact, Orbinski said Monday. “For Canada, we have been stuck in this paradox,” he said. “We are lagging behind economically in terms of the kind of advances that other nations like Germany, Spain, the nations of continental Europe, the U.K., China even, the kind of policies that they’re engaging in terms of dealing with the effects of climate change.” The development of alternative energy sources, such as solar and wind power, has fuelled a knowledge- and technology-based economy in California, which has experienced a fifth year of drought driven by climate change, Orbinski said Monday. People in developing regions of the world suffer the most from the effects of climate change, he said. In 2011, 13 million east Africans were on food assistance because of drought, he said. “This is the consequence of climate change. It is profound. And it is utterly unacceptable.” Orbinksi, who co-founded the medical and research organization Dignitas International to provide AIDS treatment in the sub-Saharan African country of Malawi, said 270,000 people are receiving treatment for the disease, but that’s not their worst problem. “It is drought,” he said, adding 29 million people in southern Africa are on food assistance. Orbinski, who headed Doctors Without Borders when it won a Nobel Peace Prize in 1999, said wildfires, hurricanes and floods, as a result of rising sea levels, are just some of the effects of climate change. The rate of temperature increases in Canada is two times higher than the worldwide average, with greater hikes in the northern part of the country, he said. “What is very clear is that climate change is like no other threat that the human species has ever faced in its history,” he said. “It is the contemporary issue of the 21st century.” Orbinski urged doctors to get involved locally in climate-change initiatives, adding that could affect policy change. Dr. Cindy Forbes, outgoing president of the Canadian Medical Association, said discussions will be held by the organization’s board as physicians aim to make a difference in their own communities when it comes to climate change initiatives. “We’ve identified it as a major issue,” she said in an interview. “We will be looking at what we can do at the federal (government) level but at this point we have not made any decisions or determinations as to what our next steps will be.” The federal government, along with other provinces, set new goals following the Paris Agreement last December to reduce carbon emissions by 30 per cent below 2005 levels by 2030. Last week, British Columbia decided against increasing its carbon tax. Premier Christy Clark called on other provinces to match B.C.’s carbon tax and said the government would re-evaluate the levy when other jurisdictions have similar taxes in place. _ Follow CamilleBains1 on Twitter. INDEX: LIFESTYLE ECONOMY HEALTH ENVIRONMENT NATIONAL POLITICS
In addition to many land expeditions, the Romans also undertook several sea expeditions in southern directions. Greek scholars did not realize that the African continent stretches south of Libya, they believed that Libya was flowing around the ocean – according to Plutarch, Alexander the Great considered circumnavigating Libya as a shorter alternative to a trip by land from the Indus estuary to Macedonia. Even Eratosthenes (276–194 BCE) believed that the African land ends near the Horn of Africa (the modern Somali Peninsula). The Romans significantly expanded their knowledge of the African coast, and they did not have great faith in Greek reports. According to Pliny the Elder, a Roman expedition departed from Mogador (today Es-Suwajra) around the year 10 CE and reached the Canary Islands and Madeira. Apparently found only ruins, without any local population, the islands were inhabited by dogs – hence the name Canary Islands, from the Latin word canis (“dog”). The historian also mentions the story of Xenophon of Lamsakos about islands one day sailing from the West Horn, or Cape Verde, on which it is believed today that it could have been about Cape Verde. According to Xenofornt, Carthaginian general Hanno visited these islands, where he encountered a tribe whose women were completely covered with fur. Apparently, until Rome’s conquest of Carthage, two such women were exposed to public view in the city. To the Hesperides, now identified with São Tomé and Príncipe and Bioko, shipping would take 40 days, which shows Roman knowledge of the western coast of Africa as distant as Equatorial Guinea. This partly confirms the finding of Roman coins from the reign of Trajan in Congo, Nigeria, Niger, Guinea, Togo and Ghana. However, it cannot be unequivocally determined that such coins did not appear in this area much later, as there is no evidence of the presence of African products from this area in Roman areas. In the east, the Romans probably reached Rapta in Azania, today’s Tanzania, perhaps at the mouth of the Rufidji River, opposite the Mafia Island on south of Zanzibar. Periplus of the Eritrean Sea (“navigate around”, a navigation treaty describing individual ports and characteristic elements of the coast taking into account the distance between them) from the turn of the first and second century CE and a map prepared by Claudius Ptolemy in the 2nd century CE prove that the Romans had reached far further south-east than west, but there is nothing certain about the news to the south of the Equator. By the third century CE, the Chinese had learned about this area, as the author of Weilue argues in the Western Peoples. In year 1 CE, Augustus decreed that an attempt should be made to circumnavigate Africa. It was inspired by finding a ship from the region of southern Spain near today’s Djibouti. The planned route led from there to Sala Colonia (modern Rabat) and Mogador, but the attempt never came to fruition. Despite Rome’s long history, sea expedition attempts were completed relatively early, and subsequent rulers focused on land conquests and then maintaining territorial gains.
First, it should be made clear (since nearly everyone gets it wrong)that “Frankenstein” is the name of the man who made the monster and not the name of the monster itself. In the book the monster is only ever referred to as “the monster”. It was audiences watching the 1931 film Frankenstein who thought that the title referred to the monster and people have been getting it wrong ever since. Even today, “Frankenstein” is synonymous with a hideous monster. This much-filmed story was written in Geneva and the character of Dr Victor Frankenstein was supposed to be a local professor. It was thought that the British poet Percy Bysshe Shelley had a hand in the writing of the book, and also the even more celebrated and notorious English poet, Lord Byron. But it was actually written by Shelley’s 19-year-old wife Mary at Bellerive, near Geneva, in the summer of 1816. Since 1812, the handsome young poet Shelley had belonged to the intellectual circle that centred on the English philosopher and political journalist William Godwin. At the end of that year, Shelley met Godwin’s daughter Mary. And in 1813, when she was 16 and he 21, they had run away together to France. Shelley already had a wife and child. His first wife famously committed suicide by drowning herself in the Serpentine in London’s Hyde Park. In 1816, when Mary was 19, she married Shelley. Mary’s father expressed disapproval, but this did not stop him begging Shelley, who was relatively wealthy, for money. Mary Godwin had been born in London on 30 August 1797. In those days, many women died of puerperal fever within a few days of giving birth, and this was exactly the fate of Mary’s mother, herself an outspoken author on women’s rights. When Mary was 4 years old her father married for a second time a widow called Mrs Clairmont, but Mary never learned to like her new mother. However, Mrs Clairmont already had a daughter called Claire—please read on ! Britain had just emerged victorious from twenty-two years of the Napoleonic Wars, during which many industrialists had made fortunes. Now people began to travel to the continent again and it became very fashionable for rich young gentlemen to do the Grand Tour. Thus, Percy Shelley, Mary Godwin and Claire Clairmont met Lord Byron at the Hotel d’Angleterre in Geneva. Claire Clairmont had already become Byron’s mistress in London and she had arranged the meeting of these four in Geneva. Byron was very much the centre of attention at the hotel and people flocked from far and wide to catch a glimpse of him. During the course of the summer, the Shelleys moved to a villa at Montal ?gre on the lake near Cologny. Before long, looking for peace and quiet, Byron rented the nearby Villa Diodata (which is still there today). Claire Clairmont subsequently gave birth to Byron’s daughter Allegra. One stormy evening on the shores of Lake Geneva Lord Byron set them all a challenge—to write a ghost story based on German fairy-tales. Here is Byron describing a memorable thunderstorm over the lake : From peak to peak, the rattling crags among Leaps the live thunder ! Not from one lone cloud, But every mountain now hath found a tongue, And Jura answers, through her misty shroud, Back to the joyous Alps, who call to her aloud ! Byron devoted six verses of his epic poem Childe Harold to a storm over the Lake of Geneva. But only Mary Shelley carried his challenge through to its conclusion, publishing Frankenstein, or the Modern Prometheus in 1818. Conversations at the Villa Diodata that summer concerned the process of galvanism and experiments with electric shocks that made the muscles in a dead frog’s legs twitch. In a later edition of the book Mary Shelley revealed that she was also inspired by a dream of “a hideous phantasm” showing signs of life by “the working of some powerful engine”. What method Dr Frankenstein used to give life to his monster is never divulged in the book. Virtually every Frankenstein film has used lightning. Byron again : Bear, know, feel, and yet breath—into one word, And that one word were Lightning At the end of August 1816 the Shelleys returned to London where Frankenstein was published and became a huge success. No one could believe that a young woman had written such a book, and even today it is a bit hard to believe. In the original story, Victor Frankenstein, a young Genevan researcher from a wealthy family, intrigued by the idea of exploring the frontiers of death, describes how he created a living being from the assembled parts of dead bodies. He is successful, but becomes disgusted with the monster he has created and abandons it. The monster is rejected by all and, taking revenge on his creator, announces his intention to kill everyone around Frankenstein unless provided with a mate. At first, Frankenstein agrees to create a lady companion for the monster—but then decides that this is a mistake and destroys the female prototype. The monster goes wild. Rather like the Sorceror’s Apprentice, Frankenstein cannot anticipate the outcome of his actions and is punished for what he has done—by the monster itself. Curiously, the book begins and ends in the Arctic ! This is first time in literature that overcoming death is viewed from a scientific angle and not as supernatural black magic. In 1818, after publication of the book, the Shelleys left England again for Italy. Three children were born to this couple, but only one of them survived. Shelley himself was drowned during a heavy squall on 28 July 1822 while swimming in the Bay of Spezia near Livorno. The following year Mary returned to England and devoted the rest of her life to the upbringing of her surviving son. She did write other books but none of them enjoyed any great success.
Questions & Answers Dr. Avraham Gileadi will answer your most searching questions on the prophecy and theology of Isaiah once a week, opening your view to new vistas of understanding the words of Isaiah. The Book of Isaiah’s layered literary features entirely change the rules for interpreting it, transforming it into a series of allegories of the endtime. The Hebrew idea that events in Israel’s ancient past foreshadow endtime events appears in many biblical passages (i.e., Ecclesiastes 1:9). The Book of Isaiah is the best example of combining two scenarios—ancient and endtime—into a single prophecy. Its message enables us to use Isaiah’s hindsight of ancient events as foresight of what will yet transpire. Because God works within the parameters of the covenants he makes, covenants constitute the most powerful way we can interact with God. Collective agreements, such as the Sinai Covenant, God makes with a nation or people. Individual agreements, such as the Davidic Covenant, God makes with persons who wish to serve him on higher spiritual levels. God also honors personal covenants we make with him and arranges our circumstances so we may fulfill our righteous desires and attain the special blessings we seek. People who appear in the Book of Isaiah aren’t incidental. A closer look shows that the way Isaiah characterizes them defines ascending and descending rungs on a spiritual ladder. Isaiah’s descriptions of higher and lower categories of people, such as those he names Jacob/Israel and Zion/Jerusalem, illustrate this. As people keep higher laws pertaining to higher divine covenants, God recreates them on higher spiritual levels. Isaiah was the son of Amoz, brother of King Amaziah of Judah. He prophesied in Jerusalem during a pivotal period of Israel’s history (742–701 B.C.), when many things transpired that would typify events in the “last days” or endtime. Isaiah’s name, Yeshayahu, means “Jehovah is Salvation,” foreshadowing a message of hope to those who would understand his words. As both a prophet and a poet, Isaiah encoded many layers of meaning into his words, making it essential to search them in order to determine their meaning. At a young age, Isaiah saw Israel’s God Jehovah in the temple at Jerusalem. On that occasion, God called him as a prophet to his people: “Then I heard the voice of my Lord saying, Who shall I send? Who will go for us? And I replied, Here am I; send me! And he said, Go, and say to these people, Go on hearing, but not understanding; Go on seeing, but not perceiving. Make the heart of these people grow fat; dull their ears and shut their eyes, lest they see with their eyes and hear with their ears, understand in their heart, and repent, and be healed” (Isaiah 6:8–10). So far had his people drifted away from their God that he sent Isaiah to warn them of calamities that lay just ahead. Isaiah’s prophecies, however, divided people into those who would see, hear, understand, repent and be healed of their behavioral dysfunctions and those who wouldn’t. The Book of Isaiah spells out the evil consequences of people’s not giving heed to Isaiah’s words but also the glories God promises those who will take them to heart. When Isaiah was prevented by the ruling king from prophesying to the people, he called his children by symbolic names that portended Assyria’s imminent invasion of Israel and God’s deliverance of a remnant of his people. Isaiah’s wife, “the prophetess” (Isaiah 8:3), gave birth to two sons—Maher-Shalal-Hash-Baz, “Hasten the Plunder, Hurry the Spoil,” and Shear-Jashub, “A Remnant Shall Repent/Return” (Isaiah 7:3; 8:3). Later, after more than forty years of ministering as a prophet of God during the reigns of five kings—Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, and Manasseh—Isaiah was sawn in half by the evil King Manasseh (Ascension of Isaiah 5:1, 11). Toward the latter part of his life Isaiah had lived mostly in Israel’s desert regions with a small entourage of prophets in order to escape the wrath of Manasseh. Eventually, however, the king’s false-prophet cohorts tracked him down. Isaiah describes his book as having been written in “parables” (Ascension of Isaiah 4:20). From that perspective, those parts of Israel’s ancient history that Isaiah selected and chose to write about function as an allegory of the “last days” or endtime. Having seen “the end from the beginning” in a great vision of eternity (Isaiah 46:10), Isaiah patterned his prophecies in such a way that “the end” of the world was typified by events in “the beginning.” Isaiah thus knew that his prophecies would be most relevant to the end of the world, not in his own day. At that time, Israel’s history would repeat itself on a world scale and Isaiah’s prophecies would at last bear good fruit among the people of God. (Taken from the book, Isaiah Made Simple.) My book The End from the Beginning has been translated into Spanish, Portuguese, Hebrew, Russian, Japanese, Korean, and Mongolian. I am anticipating further translations into Dutch, French, and German. Because translations are expensive, the Hebraeus Foundation has been able to fund these only according to donations from readers like you. Please let the foundation know if you would like any book among those listed on the Isaiah Institute’s websites translated into a particular language. I took a full year off during my Ph.D. program to attempt a modern English translation of Isaiah from the Hebrew Masoretic Text that as much as possible reflected the meaning of the Hebrew words. Although I knew Hebrew fluently from living five years in Israel, I used Hebrew dictionaries, lexicons, and concordances to research every word except prepositions. I also compared twelve different modern translations of Isaiah word for word, although I found most of these unhelpful. I additionally researched the complete Dead Sea scroll of Isaiah of St. Mark’s Monastery word for word and the Greek Septuagint Version. On occasion, I used their variant translations where they appeared more correct within their context based on the internal dynamics of the Book of Isaiah. In every such instance, I explained in footnotes how these variants compared to the Masoretic Text. One problem that arose was the dislocation of words and phrases from where they most fitted within the context of the text. Those dislocations were evidently the result of Jewish scribes who had memorized entire scriptural texts so they could survive the Babylonian and Roman destructions of their records. When they remembered these misplaced parts after they had inscribed the text past the point where they should have appeared, they simply inserted them at the point where they remembered them. Many of these misplaced words, I relocated where they best fit within the context of a passage, again noting all such instances in footnotes. The result was a much more intelligible and coherent reading than the King James Version, one that accords with the Book of Isaiah’s own internal check and balances we find in its variety of literary features. The Hebraeus Foundation is a non-profit organization originally set up in 1990 to support my research in the Book of Isaiah. Its board of directors oversees different aspects of spreading Isaiah’s message to the world, such as social media, marketing, special events, web design, publishing, online courses, finances, and translations. The Hebraeus Foundation depends on donations from readers like you to further its objectives. Questions & Answers Send us your questions and we will post responses as time permits. Disclaimer: Questions answered by Dr. Avraham Gileadi are intended to provide information and understanding regarding the book of Isaiah for the Hebraeus Foundation and Isaiah Institute. The content of each article is the sole expression and opinion of its author drawn from his research and analysis and does not proclaim implicitly or explicitly doctrinal views and beliefs for any church or other religious organization. All materials are copyrighted. The Hebraeus Foundation and Isaiah Institute shall not be liable for any physical, psychological, emotional, financial, or commercial damages, including, but not limited to, special, incidental, consequential or other damages. We caution the reader against quoting these materials out of context, drawing conclusions not specifically stated, or attributing other ideas to Dr. Avraham Gileadi.
According to Isaiah, God raises up his servant when the world is spiraling in a spiritual downturn—when God’s people are buying wholesale into the ideology of Babylon. Isaiah’s ministry was a type of that scenario. So was the time before the Flood, when wickedness and violence prevailed throughout the earth. At that time God destroyed the earth’s inhabitants by water, saving only Noah and his family. At the end of the world he destroys the earth’s inhabitants by fire, saving only those who heed his warning to prepare. Like Noah, we obtain deliverance when we observe God’s law and word. By yielding to a wisdom higher than our own we show our loyalty, especially through the hard times. Israel’s ancient pilgrimage to Jerusalem was a type of Jacob/Israel’s ascent. At certain feasts of the year, such as Passover and Tabernacles, God’s people “went up” or “ascended” to Jerusalem to receive divine instruction and offer sacrifice at the temple. Isaiah depicts Israel’s return from exile to the Promised Land as just such a pilgrimage. The physical journey to Zion or Jerusalem at the new exodus out of Babylon symbolizes the spiritual journey that precedes it. The Hebrew word for “pilgrimage” (‘alîyâ) also means “ascent” (‘alîyâ), expressing our inborn desire to attain a higher, transcendent state. Those who return to Zion or Jerusalem in the end-time pilgrimage are those who ascend spiritually. In his day Isaiah served a symbolic role as a “sign and portent” of calamities to come upon Egypt and Cush (Isaiah 20:3–4). That becomes the type of a comparable role by God’s servant in the “last days.” For three years Isaiah testified that the king of Assyria would take captive the people of Egypt and Cush, typifying a similar three-year warning to all nations at the end of the world. Isaiah lumps Egypt and Cush together with other nations comprising Greater Babylon, all of whom participate in a tragic finale. From the time the servant begins his mission Babylon has a three-year “lease” of time in which to repent before God brings upon it three years of judgment (Isaiah 16:14; 37:30) (see Figure 49). In the books of Daniel and John that time period is three and a half years. The difference may not be significant—Isaiah’s three years of God’s judgment may simply be a part of Daniel’s and John’s three-and-a-half years. Three years of warning followed by three of judgment may also be part of a seven-year distress cycle such as occurred anciently in Israel and Egypt. The important thing to know is that everything that happens at the end of the world possesses a type or types in the past, so that familiarity with Israel’s history gives us the advantage of knowing how future events fall out. We may indeed survive the times ahead, but it will still require an uncommon degree of resourcefulness. (Taken from Isaiah Decoded, pp 118–119)
AR you aware? Augmented Reality in zoos to highlight the trashy truth of human waste impacts Conservation Education, Experience, Sensitive Ecosystems, Sustainability, Waste Management, Zoological InstitutionsAbstract The environmental impacts of human activities are widely acknowledged, but the ramifications of inadequate waste management on threatened species in distant habitats often remain overlooked. This study explores the potential of Augmented Reality (AR) technology in zoos as an educational tool to raise awareness regarding unsustainable practices in high biodiversity ecosystems. By leveraging newer AR technologies, animals in zoos can serve as effective ambassadors, conveying sustainability messages and showcasing the challenges faced by threatened species in their natural habitats. Through a comprehensive examination, this paper sheds light on the valuable insights and potential applications of utilizing AR technology for conservation education. While the impact on knowledge change was not found to be statistically significant, the incorporation of AR has the potential to enhance visitors’ perception of new scenarios, thus augmenting the educational value of zoos by introducing novel elements, exemplified by the representation of the detrimental effects of unsustainable waste management in delicate ecosystems. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the majority of users perceive the utilization of AR in zoos as a highly positive experience, fostering increased engagement and extended periods of observation within the habitats. However, the findings of this study also demonstrate that AR does not necessarily offer an education solution despite its potential to enrich the visitor experience in the context of zoos. Therefore, more objective-focused designed and curated AR experiences need to be developed, to unveil the education potential of AR in zoos and aquariums. How to Cite JZAR fulfils the DOAJ definition of open access and provides free and open access to the full text of all content without delay under a Creative Commons licence. The copyright holder of JZAR publications grants usage rights to third parties, allowing for immediate free access to the work and permitting any user to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles.
Extremely Rare Squirrel Spotted in Colorado Squirrels are really neat creatures. I have seen videos on Youtube where some abandoned babies have become family pets. I wouldn't necessarily recommend having a squirrel as a pet, but it has been known to happen. I remember years ago being fascinated by black squirrels as I have never seen them before. This squirrel you are about to see is an extreme rarity. These specific squirrels are known as Piebald squirrels. According to Colorado Parks and Wildlife, the coloring of this squirrel has occurred due to a genetic mutation. Piebald squirrels can be nearly pure white, or in this specific squirrel's case, patches of white. Jerry Baines spotted this squirrel and captured the photos. This rare piebald squirrel was spotted west of Denver. According to Bird Watching HQ, there are three common types of squirrels in Colorado. - The Abert's squirrels are usually found in the mountains - Fox squirrels which are prevalent in much of the eastern United States - American Red squirrels found in the north and northeast part of the United States and much of Canada. Colorado's Top 10 Ranked Ski Resorts Photos: 10 Reminders to 'Leave No Trace' in Colorado
The purpose of the Montessori education is to help each child develop within him or herself skills for a lifetime of creative learning. It is to develop the basic ideas, attitudes and skills essential for success in school and life! A thirst for learning: habits of concentration, sense of order, independence, control of movement, functional creativity and self confidence. In the Montessori classroom there are two ways to approach this: first, by allowing each child to experience the excitement of hands-on jobs by exploring his own choice rather than by being forced; second, by helping to perfect all of the child's natural tools for learning, so that his or her ability will be at a maximum in future learning situations. The Montessori materials have this dual, long range purpose in addition to the immediate purpose of giving specific information to the child. Freedom is a prerequisite condition for learning. Freedom is a goal, not a starting point. A free child (or adult) is one who has developed his/her potential and prefers to work out problems for him or herself but is capable of asking for and receiving direction when necessary. An undisciplined and unsettled child (or adult) is not free, but is a slave to his/her immediate desires and is excessively dependent on others. (Whether parent, teacher, wife, or husband) The free child, of course grows into a free adult. Freedom within the classroom means, that the child is free to move about the room at will, to talk to other children, to work with any equipment whose purpose the child understands, or to ask the teacher to introduce new material to him/her. The child is not free to disturb other children at work or abuse the equipment that is so important to his/her development. Montessori allows each child to develop skills as they become ready for them at their own pace. All certified teachers have completed a year long combination theory internship program; and have successfully completed oral and written examinations in early childhood education, by either A.M.S. or A.M.I. schools. The teacher's task is to work with individual children, introducing materials, and giving guidance when needed. The competent Montessori trained teacher creates an environment with hands on jobs, for individual and group work. One of the primary tasks is careful observation of each child in order to determine his/her needs and to gain a knowledge he/she needs in preparing the environment to enhance the child's growth. The teacher's method of teaching is indirect in that he/she neither imposes upon the child as in direct teaching nor abandons the child as in a non directive permissive approach. Rather, she is constantly alert to the direction in which the child has indicated his/her wishes to go, and the teacher actively seeks ways to accomplish the child's goals. The following books are available at most libraries: Copyrights © 2024 Keen Learners Montessori. All rights reserved. Website Made with ❤ by @BilalMr
What can NASA teach you about building a competitive intelligence program? A lot more than you’d think. In the 1950’s, the Space Race was dominated by two players – the U.S. and Russia – who competed neck and neck for dominance in space exploration. Eventually, Neil Armstrong landed on the moon and for decades since we’ve perceived America as the victor in the Space Race. Well, things are changing. What began as an exploration into a new frontier by two superpowers, carved a path for a booming market in commercial and military satellites. The demand for which has grown so much that it’s attracted new entrants and inspired countries like India and China to aggressively pursue their own space programs for exploration and military purposes as well as commercial interests.
Acute hunger and child malnutrition worsened for the sixth consecutive year in 2024, according to the latest Global Report on Food Crises (GRFC) released this week. The report reveals that over 295 million people across 53 countries faced crisis-level or worse hunger, a 5% increase from 2023. Conflict, economic shocks, climate extremes, and forced displacement were identified as the primary drivers of this escalating crisis. The number of individuals experiencing catastrophic hunger (IPC/CH Phase 5) more than doubled, reaching 1.9 million, the highest since the GRFC began tracking in 2016. Gaza and Sudan were among the most severely affected regions. In Gaza, border closures and the collapse of a ceasefire have placed its 2.1 million residents at critical risk of famine. Meanwhile, Sudan’s ongoing civil war has left more than 24 million people facing acute food insecurity. Child malnutrition has also reached alarming levels, with nearly 38 million children under the age of five acutely malnourished across 26 crisis-hit countries. Particularly high levels of child malnutrition were reported in Gaza, Mali, Sudan, and Yemen. The crisis has been further compounded by forced displacement. Out of 128 million forcibly displaced people worldwide, nearly 95 million, including internally displaced persons (IDPs), asylum seekers, and refugees, are living in countries already facing food crises, such as the Democratic Republic of Congo, Colombia, Sudan, and Syria. Conflict remains the leading cause of food insecurity, affecting around 140 million people across 20 countries. Famine has been officially declared in Sudan, while catastrophic levels of acute hunger are being reported in Gaza, South Sudan, Haiti, and Mali. Economic turmoil, including inflation and currency devaluation, has triggered food insecurity in 15 countries, impacting nearly 59.4 million people, almost double the number recorded before the COVID-19 pandemic. Countries like Afghanistan, South Sudan, Syria, and Yemen remain among the worst affected by these persistent economic shocks. Climate-related events have also played a significant role. El Nino-induced droughts and floods have pushed 18 countries into crisis, affecting over 96 million people across Southern Africa, Southern Asia, and the Horn of Africa. The GRFC warns that hunger shocks are likely to continue into 2025, especially as the Global Network anticipates the most significant reduction in humanitarian funding for food and nutrition crises in the report's history. United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres emphasized the severity of the situation, stating, "Hunger in the 21st century is indefensible. We cannot respond to empty stomachs with empty hands and turned backs."
It was a neck-and-neck race. In the end, the jury decided that teams from Germany and Singapore shared first place in the international Quantum Hackathon. Ten teams competed, each of which had to solve a real-world problem from a scenario of social or economic relevance using quantum computing methods. The winners were Lamarr scientists Thore Gerlach and David Biesner, researchers Stelios Emmanouilidis and Lars Döpper from Fraunhofer IAIS, and Markus Kastner and Stefan Knipp from Thales SIX. The Germans prevailed in the final against teams from France, Great Britain and Canada. The international Quantum Hackathon was organized by the French technology group Thales and QuantX, an alumni organization of the École Polytechnique in Paris. The competition aimed to use selected application scenarios to answer the question of how real problems from society and industry can already be solved with quantum computing today. To this end, the hackathon brought together scientists from universities and research institutes with experts in quantum technologies from companies. The competition was also supported by manufacturers of quantum hardware. The German team won with its solution to a practical chip design problem. Specifically, the challenge was to optimize FPGA, short for Field Programmable Gate Array. FPGA are electronic components that are now used in many areas such as the automotive industry, mechanical engineering and consumer electronics. The advantages of FPGA compared to conventional integrated circuits are flexible use and lower development costs. This flexibility results from the ability to arrange and interconnect the physical elements of an FPGA, called logic blocks, using hardware-specific programming languages. To produce the most powerful FPGA possible, the logic blocks must be optimally placed on the chip during development. The German hackathon team solved this complex optimization task for chip design with the help of quantum algorithms. Quantum algorithms are suitable for use on quantum computers or their simulation and exploit effects of quantum physics. These effects, such as the superposition or entanglement of quantum states, allow certain problems to be solved faster with quantum computers than with classical computers. The combination of quantum methods and Machine Learning is particularly suitable for the efficient solution of optimization tasks. In the competition, the winning team also successfully used quantum algorithms to optimally place individual elements of FPGA and minimize the length of the interconnecting paths between them. Bolstered by this success, the quantum experts from the Lamarr Institute and Fraunhofer IAIS will now continue to research their topics, with a particular focus on practical applications and collaboration with companies. After all, the developments of recent years and especially the results of the hackathon have shown that quantum computing is increasingly evolving from a theoretical research concept to a tool for solving current real-world challenges.
Permission for Prescription Medications-Doctor’s Signature Required Permission for Over the Counter Medications-Parents’/Guardians’ Signature Required Allergies requiring EpiPen Action Plans Southeast Texas Resources developed by the LCM School Health Advisory Council 4-19-2023. Have you ever been asked if Orange has a food bank or learned about someone who needed assistance with paying their utility bills, but had no idea who could help? Our Southeast Texas Resource Guide will help you answer those questions and so much more. Coordinated School Health is a process which brings a school community together to teach children healthy life style behaviors. Effective school programs reinforce positive healthy behaviors in a school setting and makes clear that good health and learning go hand in hand. CATCH stands for Coordinated Approach To Child Health (formerly known as the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health). It is a Coordinated School Health Program designed to prevent sedentary behavior, poor dietary choices, and tobacco use through changes at the elementary school level. CATCH sought to determine if multi-component health promotion efforts targeting both children's behaviors and the school environment, including classroom curricula, food service modifications, physical education changes, and family reinforcement, would reduce chronic disease risk factors. CATCH demonstrated that behaviors such as eating food high in fat and physical activity can be changed. CATCH was the largest school-based health promotion study ever done in the United States. CATCH has been approved by the Texas Education Agency as a program schools may use to meet the requirements of Senate Bill 19 (now known as Senate bill 1357). CATCH was cited in the Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity as a "Program that Works." The Texas State Board of Education approved the CATCH materials as a diabetes education program that a district may use in their health curriculum. CATCH meets the Texas Education Knowledge and Skills (TEKS) guidelines for both Health Education and Physical Education guidelines. (All information taken from CATCH Program Information Packet, 2003) If you have any questions about CATCH, please contact one of our campus nurses. It is the policy of the Little Cypress-Mauriceville CISD Health Services Department that all students will be provided with a campus health clinic, staffed by a professional nurse (or in her absence, a designated district employee), to provide care for students who may be injured or become ill during the school day. The following information related to use of the nursing clinic: Emergency forms, which are to be completed and signed by parents, are distributed to each student at the beginning of the school year. At least three emergency contacts should be identified on the form. Any special health needs should also be listed on this form. Health information on the emergency form may be shared with faculty or staff so that they may appropriately respond to the student's health needs. Procedure for emergency visit to the nurse: Students may come at any time if a life-threatening health concern is noted. No pass is needed if student has a special health need, difficulty breathing, severe chest pain, or is bleeding. Students having an emergency will be seen immediately on arrival to the nurse office. Parent will be notified and student will remain with nurse until parent arrives. Procedure for non-emergency visits to the nurse: All students must have a pass from his/her teacher, indicating teacher permission to see the nurse. Students will be seen in order of arrival to the nurse office. Students who are in the clinic without a pass from a teacher will be subject to disciplinary action unless an emergency situation exists. If a student feels ill and wants to call home, he/she needs to report to the nurse to call home. STUDENTS ARE NOT TO USE CELL PHONES OR GO TO OTHER SCHOOL OFFICES TO CALL PARENTS. Students going to the nurse will be evaluated and then parents will be called. Students who go home after contacting parents without seeing the nurse will be given an unexcused absence for the classes missed and is subject to disciplinary action. For health purposes, students having a fever (100 degrees Fahrenheit or greater) are not to be sent to school. They should remain at home until they have been fever free, without the use of medication, for 24 hours. Physician's Excuse for Absences: After a student's tenth absence in a school year (excused or unexcused), a physician's excuse is required. As an alternative, if a student is sick and needs to stay home, he/she should see the nurse before the tardy bell rings that morning to have his/her absence that day verified or denied for an excused absence. Medicine at School: District employees will not give a student prescription medication, nonprescription medication, herbal substances, anabolic steroid, or dietary supplement with the following exception: Authorized employees, in accordance with policy FFAC, may administer: Prescription medication provided by the parent, along with a written request, and in the original, properly labeled container. Medication from a properly labeled unit dosage container filled by a registered nurse or another qualified District employee from the original, properly labeled container. Nonprescription medication provided by the parents, along with a written request, and be in the original, properly labeled container. Herbal or dietary supplements provided by the parent if it is required by the student's individualized Education Program (IEP) or Section 504 Plan for a student with disabilities. All herbal or dietary supplements must be accompanied by a physician's order. In certain emergency situations, the District will maintain and administer to a student nonprescription medication, but only if: A student with asthma who has written authorization from his or her parent and physician or other licensed health care provider may be permitted to possess and use prescribed asthma medication at school or school-related events. The student and parents should see the school nurse or principal if the student has been prescribed asthma medication for use during the school day. (For further information, see policies at FFAC.) The nurse designee may not give oral medication (including Tylenol) unless it is sent to school by a parent/guardian. All medications to be given at school should be accompanied by a note from the parents. If possible, all medication should be given at home by parents. However, if a student needs to take any medication during school hours (including Tylenol, Advil, etc.), the medication should be brought to the nurse's office, with written permission from a parent or guardian. The student shall not carry medication with him/her or administer it to himself/herself unless specified by a physician. Prescription medication should have affixed a prescription label-including the student's name, the name of the drug, and directions concerning dosage. For legal purposes, written permission must be obtained from both a parent or guardian and a physician if medication is to be taken longer than ten school days. Non-prescription medicines, such as Tylenol, Advil, etc., should be brought to the nurse's office in the original container labeled with the student's name. Those students who may need to take non-prescription drugs on a frequent basis should bring a small, sealed container of the medicine, labeled with student's name, to keep in the nurse's office during the school year. A note from the parent/guardian authorizing the administration of the medicine shall accompany the medication. Students who need to take medication at school will observe the following guidelines: Long Term Medication (2 or more weeks) Short Term Medication (less than 2 weeks) Prescription medication must be in original prescription bottle with proper label. (Note from parent indicating the amount of medication being sent to school is required.) Non-prescription medication must be in sealed, original container. If a student must carry medication, such as an asthma inhaler, a physician's request should be filled in the nurse's office. Students are advised that it is against state and federal laws to be in possession of controlled medication (medicine that requires a doctor's prescription) while on a public school campus; therefore, it is important that these guidelines are followed. A school health advisory council (SHAC) is an advisory group of individuals who represent segments of the school and community. The group acts collectively to provide advice to the school system on aspects of their school health programs. School systems often use advisory councils to provide advice to them on a variety of topics. It is important to emphasize that such councils are advisory in nature; formed to provide advice to school districts. These groups are not part of the administrative structure of the schools. They do not have any legal responsibilities within the school system. The SHAC addresses all components of a comprehensive school health program (health instruction, healthful school environment, health services, physical education, school counseling, food service, school site health promotion for faculty and staff, and integrated school and community programs). It is also instrumental in: educational program planning, liason between school and community, and development of health activities in the district (health promotion, health fairs). SHAC membership can include: parents, students, medical professionals, social service agencies, business/industry, volunteer health agencies, churches/synagogues, hospitals/clinics, public health agencies, civic and service organizations, colleges/universities, public media, attorneys and law enforcement officials, schools, youth groups, professional societies, and government officials. In the 2013-2014 School Year our School Health Advisory Council met for 2 regular meetings and 1 electronic meeting. For the electronic meeting the SHAC shac members were sent information and were requested to respond with questions and comments to Susan Bayliss the Director of Health Services and serving as the SHAC coordinator for the school district. There was also 1 electronic meeting with conducted with the coaches/pe teachers concerning wellness policy update. Input was received from the staff and is being used as we update our Wellness Policy. If you are interested in participating in the LCMCISD School Health Advisory Council, please contact Kelly Meadows, RN, at Little Cypress Intermediate School (409-886-4245, ext. 5) or one of the campus nurses. Names of potential members are being collected at this time and will be submitted to the school board for approval on October 13, 2014 for the 2014-2015 LCM SHAC.
From minor tension to hard challenges, stress has been a part of life. Also, we tend to get strained over things we don’t have control over. At times, problems become uncontrollable and overwhelming. But, do you know what? There are effective ways to relieve stress! It is important to relieve tension and calm your body and mind. Take it day by day, and don’t stress too much about tomorrow. 8 ways to overcome stress Presenting you with 8 effective ways one can relieve stress. According to Mindful.org, “Mindfulness is the basic human ability to be fully present, aware of where we are and what we’re doing, and not overly reactive or overwhelmed by what’s going on around us.” Meditation has proven to have long-lasting stress relief benefits. You can develop a habit of meditating for at least 3-5 minutes every day. A few minutes of meditating will help you calm down and practice mindfulness. Meditation can help you to relieve. It has mental benefits too with physical benefits. Music makes you alert and concentrates better. Good music will make you positive about life. Good music can calm your mind, relax the muscles and relieve the tension in you. Listening to your favorite playlist or relax slow kinds of music has also proven to be effective to relieve stress. Music is a tension relief tool that is effective in relieving every kind of stress. According to Researchers at Stanford University“listening to music seems to be able to change brain functioning to the same extent as medication.” Exercising seems hard; but once you start, it becomes a habit. Do the form of exercise that you love. Exercise or movement helps to reduce your anxiety and increases fitness levels. Regular exercise can help you build a positive effect on your mood and relieve tension. Exercising has both physical and mental benefits to you. According to health.harvard.edu “If you’re physically active, your heart gets trained to beat slower and stronger, so it needs less oxygen to function well; your arteries get springier, so they push your blood along better; and your levels of “good” HDL cholesterol go up.” Talk to your friends and family Social support is also a great way to relieve tension. If you want to, you can share your problems with your close ones, it will not only relieve you but can also help to generate a solution to the problem. Now, if you don’t want to talk about your problems, no worries; just talk to your close ones about anything. Spending time with friends and family are proved to be a natural anxiety reliever. Learn to say no Some of your problems are in your control. You are responsible for your tension, you can say so if you can’t handle things. One of the strain relievers could be learning to say no. When you juggle between too many responsibilities, you might get tensed. Select your responsibilities and learn to say no to things that bring the unnecessary load to you. Eat well and get a proper sleep Negative health can impact you and make your stress even worse. A well-nourished body can cope with tension better, eat healthy diets and add more fruits and vegetables to your diet. Also, make sure you get a proper 7-8 hours of sleep. When you don’t get proper sleep, the next day gets worse. And when you’re already stressed, you don’t want to add up tension due to improper sleep right? You often get stressed because you’re trying to complete a list of tasks if you are not motivated. Take a break when you’re not interested. Take little breaks, listen to music, meditate for a while and then you can finish the task. When you’re not interested, you cannot finish the task no matter how much you try to complete it. Stress and anxiety may arise at any time or any age. People of every age can get stressed; there is no specific age for getting stressed. There are solutions to stress too. Try the above-mentioned tension relief methods and you will feel better. All the above-stated tips will not only relieve your stress, but also improve your overall aspect of life.
Setting description of a desert island. Can be used after Chapter 4. Enhance English lessons with this setting description for Year 6 students in England. Specifically designed to complement your teaching of the adventure story Kensuke’s Kingdom by Michael Morpurgo. The package includes a model text exemplifying a setting description, a differentiated success criteria (presented up to three levels) to cater to varying abilities, and a ‘fix it’ activity sheet focusing on spelling, punctuation, and grammar appropriate for Year 6 learners. The ‘fix it’ text can also be used to help generate pupils’ ideas for their independent write, along with the model text as it is a different character profile on Stanley. Upon acquiring the resource, the following activities can be implemented: The resource, conveniently formatted in Word, allows for easy adaptation to suit your teaching needs. If you find this resource beneficial, kindly leave a review and email firstname.lastname@example.org with your username and the reviewed resource to claim another resource of equivalent value for free.
Article on the influence of country size on economic resilience published in the journal «International Economics and Economic Policy» In small state economics, it is argued that small open economies are more volatile and more responsive to international shocks. However, small states also have a more flexible, faster and better capacity to adapt. In the article by Andreas Brunhart, published in the peer review journal «International Economics and Economic Policy», the following questions are statistically examined in an empirical case study on the Financial Crisis 2008/09 using a unique data set of 210 countries (states and independent territories) and over 40 variables: Did the vulnerability or adaptability of small states outweigh the vulnerability or adaptability of large states? Were smaller states actually affected more severely and perhaps even earlier? How strong/long was the global impact of the financial crisis shock? Which countries were particularly affected? Did country size play a role and which other pre-crisis determinants (geographical, economic, political, etc.) were relevant? The cross-section regressions suggest that smaller country size was associated with higher vulnerability (ceteris paribus), which is reflected in a larger initial impact magnitude of the Financial Crisis shock. The smallness disadvantage began to unfold for countries with a population size of between 1 and 10 million, and was particularly severe for the very small states with considerably less than 1 million inhabitants. This result emphasizes that small state characteristics drive economic resilience and volatility beyond factors already identified in the literature. There is also significant evidence that the shock impact persistence was prolonged by smaller country size. Thus, the disadvantage of smallness in terms of higher exposure has dominated the advantages of small countries in terms of flexibility and adaptation speed. Moreover, smaller states were on average hit earlier.
Learn about the effects of corrosion and what you can do to protect the safety of your building Corrosion can have a serious impact on the effectiveness of your building’s fire protection system, and it can be very expensive to fix. This is why identifying and minimizing it are key parts of maintaining a system in a safe and cost-effective manner. Learn more about the dangers of corrosion for fire sprinkler systems and what you can do to prevent it: Corrosion can seriously affect the integrity of a sprinkler system Corrosion, or the reaction between a metal alloy and its environment, is an irreversible process which causes “gradual deterioration of metal surface by water, moisture or other corrosive chemicals.” Different fire protection systems are susceptible to different types of corrosion, however, wet sprinkler systems are more common and almost exclusively used in South Florida – so wet system corrosion is usually the main concern of building owners and operators in the Sunshine State. One of the costliest effects of corrosion is how it can negatively affect the integrity of sprinkler piping systems. Accumulated corrosion in pipes can cause leaks and limit the flow of water, making sprinkler systems less effective, and sometimes even completely obstructing water to a sprinkler when it’s most needed – during a fire. Oxygen is the primary cause of serious corrosion in wet sprinkler systems Trapped air in wet sprinkler systems provides a source of oxygen that can cause corrosion, meaning that reducing air pockets is essential to lower the chance of damage to the piping. There are a variety of methods used to mitigate oxygen corrosion, including the regular usage of an air-release valve or air vents, using nitrogen as a supervisory gas, and limiting the infusion of oxygen-heavy freshwater into the piping system. Employing an air-release valve may also have other benefits, including reduced water delivery time and reduced alarm ring delays. Microbiological growth is another cause of sprinkler system corrosion A report (document) by the National Fire Protection Association states that microbiological growth is an increasing concern for fire sprinkler systems. Instead of typical corrosion, which usually develops somewhat evenly over longer periods of time, microbiological growth is more concentrated and accelerated – meaning that it can grow very quickly in a small area of piping to create a large obstruction or a small pinhole in the piping, which can severely impact the efficacy of the entire system. According to the NFPA, there are many examples of systems with feed mains over 60% obstructed from biological growth, and in some cases, thousands of pounds of debris can even accumulate in medium-sized piping. There is often no indication of a problem until a leak or a fire occurs One of the most insidious aspects of fire system piping corrosion is that building owners, managers, operators, and sometimes even less-thorough inspectors have no idea that there is any problem until a leak occurs. When a leak or other serious problem happens in the system randomly, the building’s owners and occupants are actually quite lucky – if it occurred during a fire, it could lead to building damage or injury. Unfortunately, the problem may not be identified until during or after the emergency in cases where corrosion has caused unknown blockage or leakage of a fire sprinkler piping system, unless regular inspections are performed, including internal obstruction inspections that are a part of a 5-year inspection cycle. This is just another reason why high-quality inspection, proper maintenance, and sometimes replacement of components of a fire protection apparatus are necessary. At LifeSafety Management, we understand that corrosion is just one of many threats facing the integrity and effectiveness of your building’s life safety systems. If you have questions about the safety of your building, or think that you might need some of your safety and security systems updated or replaced, we have the knowledge and expertise to help. Contact us today at (800) 330-1158 or fill out our contact form for a free consultation.
Some of the major factors behind the long-term decline in the marriage rate have been female education and labor force participation, women’s economic independence and gender equality. America is also experiencing growing numbers of women and men living alone as well as increasing unmarried cohabitation. Table of Contents Why are divorce rates decreasing? According to data from the American Family Survey, a majority of married Americans (58%) say that the pandemic has made them appreciate their spouse more and half agree that their commitment to marriage has deepened. Moreover, initial data from some states suggests that divorce filings have indeed declined. Are divorce rates increasing? Although some experts have predicted an increase in divorce rates in 2020 due to the stress of the coronavirus pandemic, related financial troubles and lengthy quarantines, the divorce rate across the country has been trending downward during the past 10 years. Are divorce rates high or low? Researchers estimate that 40%-50% of all first marriages will end in divorce or permanent separation and about 60% – 65% of second marriages will end in divorce. Although divorce has always been a part of American society, divorce has become more common in the last 50 years. What is the true divorce rate? According to Mark Banschick, M.D., author of The Intelligent Divorce, 67% of second marriages and 73% of third marriages end in divorce. However, no basis for this calculation is given, and these two percentages seem to be quoted as much as the 50% first marriage divorce rate. What is the divorce rate 2022? Marriage and divorce are both common experiences for adults, although both can be challenging. About 90% of people in Western cultures marry by age 50. In the United States, about 50% of married couples divorce, the sixth-highest divorce rate in the world. Are divorces in decline? In California, the divorce rates have actually begun to decline. The reasons for this are varied, but the statistics are clear – divorce is a less-likely outcome for marriage. Why is divorce increasing? “We have seen a rise of addiction, infidelity or cheating, and lack of physical intimacy among couples as the core reasons for seeking a divorce,” she says. Such issues persisted even earlier, but now it’s more glaring, she adds. Has the marriage rate increased or decreased? Marriage in the United States is viewed differently across all 50 states. The number of married couples in the United States has been steadily increasing since 1960. Which country has lowest divorce rate? Based upon available data, the country with the lowest divorce rate in the world is Sri Lanka, with a divorce rate of 0.15 divorces per 1,000 residents. Vietnam and Guatemala have the next lowest rate at 0.2 divorces per every 1,000 residents. How many marriages are happy? Key points. Researching marital effects on happiness is tricky because happier people are generally more likely to get married than others. Still, statistics suggest that the chance of a marriage being happy are no better than 50 percent. Why do people marry? Among married and cohabiting adults, love is cited more than any other reason for why they decided to get married or to move in with their partner: 90% of those who are married and 73% of those living with a partner say love was a major factor in their decision. Do second marriages last? While many couples see remarriage as a second chance at happiness, the statistics tell a different story. According to available Census data, the divorce rate for second marriages in the United States is over 60% compared to around 50% for first marriages. Why is divorce so common? Financial Insecurity. Money is one of the most common reasons for divorce in the U.S. Financial insecurity, lack of household stability, resentment and working too much can all contribute to divorce. Statistics show that money is one of the most frequent reasons behind marital spats and major arguments. What state has highest divorce rate? - Arkansas continued to hold the top ranking for the highest divorce rate, with about 26 divorces per 1,000 married women in 2018. Arkansas also held the highest divorce rate in 2017, with a rate of 25.5 (FP-18-21). - North Dakota had the lowest divorce rate, with less than 9 marriages per 1,000 ending in divorce. Which country is No 1 in divorce? Luxembourg: 87 per cent And right now, it’s also the top country with the highest divorce rate in the world. Are divorces up in 2022? In 2022, expect the divorce rate to be at least 44.2%. This is based on a marriage rate of 6.1 people per 1,000 total population and a divorce rate of 2.7 people per 1,000 total population. What does God say about divorce? In the first, Matthew quotes Jesus as saying: “It was also said, ‘Whoever divorces his wife, except on the grounds of porneia (sexual immorality), makes her an adulteress; and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.” (Matthew 5:31-32). How can we reduce the divorce rate? - Make time to connect lovingly with your spouse every day. - Compliment your spouse regularly—both in private and in front of others. - Love your spouse in the way he/she wants to be loved. - Take care of your appearance. - Remain faithful. - Do things together. - Spend time apart. What of people never get married? “… when today’s young adults reach their mid-40s to mid-50s, a record high share (25%) is likely to have never been married.” In 1956, just about everyone got married. Half of the men were younger than 22.5 when they married, and half of the women were younger than 20.1. What is the divorce rate around the world? If you look it up online, the divorce rates around the world is 4.08 per 1,000 married persons as of May 2022. Divorce is becoming more widespread in today’s society. Is it OK to get divorce in India? When the couples agree to a divorce, the courts will consider a divorce with mutual consent as per. Section 10A of Indian Divorce Act, 1869, requires the couple to be separated for at least two years, the couple only needs to provide that they have not been living as husband and wife during this period. Is 70 too old to get married? There’s no age limit for love and romance—but there are important points to consider before you tie the knot again. Donna Brechtfeldt and her husband Steven as children and a married couple. Why is divorce rate so low in India? Many attribute the low divorce rate in India to a patriarchal system, poor female participation in decision making, difficulty in chasing alimony and child support, and social pressure. Divorce lawyer Alisha Peres says the rates are so low perhaps because many marriages aren’t registered. Is the marriage rate declining 2022? As a result, the marriage rate decline is expected to slow to just 1.0% in 2021 and 3.8% in 2022.
The Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA) is how business schools evaluate your writing skills. The AWA section has two 30-minute essay questions, each requiring a completely different stategy. Present Your Perspective on an Issue (30 minutes) Here you present your opinion on a controversial issue. Analysis of Argument (30 minutes) Here you analyze the reasoning in an argument and find its logical flaws. Before 1999, two human graders would grade your essays. If they disagreed, it went to a third grader. Under the new system, a human and the “E-rater” (a computer program that scans essays) will grade your essay. If the human and E-rater agree on a score, that’s the grade your essay will receive. If they disagree, a second human will grade the essay to resolve any differences. The computerized grading system pressures human graders to follow the E-rater’s strict standards. Human graders are aware that there is a computer double-checking their work, and they are more likely to follow the E-rater’s strict grading parameters.
The Need for Critical Minerals The critical mineral requirements within IRA Part 4,1 while essential to achieving a secure supply of materials needed to decarbonize the U.S. transportation sector, are viewed as largely unachievable by many.2 The current-decade timeline and percentage of applicable critical minerals requirements are indeed ambitious. With the processing of battery-grade chemicals being highly concentrated in China and smaller scale production in countries with which the U.S. does not have Free Trade Agreements (FTA), it is possible that the inability for consumers to obtain the proposed Clean Vehicle credit may constrain electric vehicle consumer adoption, making it difficult to meet our shared climate goals. Further, due to raw materials constraints, it is projected that 30 million electric vehicles per year will go unbuilt globally by 20303 unless new, significant sources of supply are developed and brought to market quickly. Given difficulties advancing domestic mines4 and the timeline of having significant material to recycle,5 establishing strategic partnerships with FTA allies that can offer scalable sources of critical minerals on near-term timelines will be paramount. However, there is currently insufficient production of battery-grade nickel, cobalt and manganese sulphate, key ingredients in stable, long-range batteries, to reach U.S. EV targets. Focusing on nickel given the relative amount per battery required, even if all forecasted nickel sulphate production through 2030 from U.S. and FTA countries went into producing EVs for the United States, less than 60% of the 2030 target would be met. To fully decarbonize by 2035, another U.S. target, domestic and FTA nickel sulphate production would provide only slightly over 10% of required supply.6 Therefore, leaders and policymakers must look to alternatives to reach U.S. electrification targets. Can we produce more from land-based reserves? On the timeline of the IRA credits, it will be difficult. Bringing new discoveries of land-based resources to commercial production takes an average of 16-years and given declining ore grades, are often subject to worsening human and environmental impacts including exponential growth of toxic tailings and eroding project economics. This is further complicated by widespread control of key growth markets by Chinese entities via decades of deliberate investment. To this end, a more compelling alternative may be a new abundant source of four key battery metals positioned to become available to the market mid-decade; a variety of allied nations have active exploration contracts for this new metal resource – polymetallic nodules – rocks laying unattached to the seafloor off the coast of North America in the Pacific Ocean. This area, the Clarion-Clipperton Zone (CCZ), contains over three times the amount of cobalt, almost two times the amount of nickel and as much manganese as all global land-based reserves, combined. The U.S. Geological Survey recognizes these sizeable deposits in annual Commodity Summaries and the 100-Day Supply Chain Review noted that “seabed resources may provide a significant future source of strategic and critical materials.”7 The same report estimated that to fully electrify its vehicle fleet, the U.S. will need 1.27 million and 160 thousand metric tons of battery grade nickel and cobalt per year, respectively, both of which exceed total global production in 2021.7 8 While several FTA countries (Singapore, South Korea) sponsor exploration contracts in the CCZ,9 only one Canadian company anticipates securing a commercial exploitation contract to collect this resource on a timeline consistent with the IRA Clean Vehicle EV credit, as soon as Q4 2024.10 The Metals Company (Nasdaq: TMC) holds rights to three exploration contracts, two of which contain enough in situ nickel, cobalt, manganese, and copper to electrify the entire U.S. passenger fleet, about 280 million vehicles. A strategic partnership with TMC would offer the U.S. the ability to consolidate the upstream battery cathode metal supply chain from 50,000 miles to just 1,500 miles while reshoring critical processing and manufacturing capacity (Figure 2). Comparing resource bases, TMC’s defined in-situ nickel, cobalt, and manganese across two of its three contract Areas rivals land-based resources of entire countries. It is important to note that global leaders for these land-based critical mineral deposits are not located within FTA countries. While the processing of critical raw materials from leading land-based producers is dominated by China, transporting and processing nodules in the U.S. offers the opportunity for a truly ex-China and -Russia supply chain. TMC has optimized both collection and processing technologies to establish first small-scale commercial production in 2024 (‘Project Zero’) overseas and full-scale operations (‘Project One’) in the United States in 2026, in line with the timeline of the IRA critical mineral requirements.12 Project One (P1) for which the company is evaluating several U.S. sites, has been designed to produce over 60,000 metric tons of battery grade nickel at steady state production.13 This is over three times Australian and Korean production separately in 2022. Only China produces more today. Further, Project One would produce 6,000 metric tons of cobalt contained in sulfate at steady state production, turning the U.S. into the fourth largest producer globally. This amount of nickel can be used to produce over 1 million 75kWh electric vehicles per year (NMC811). By comparison, domestic production could only be used to produce approx. 125,000 EVs per year.7, 15 Planned nickel sulfate production from TMC’s Project One would provide almost the same amount of feedstock for EV batteries as using Australia’s entire supply, helping to achieve approx. 25% of the country’s 2030 target of 50% EV penetration.16 TMC is currently evaluating processing partners and investments at company, resource and project levels as it works towards securing facility sites for Project Zero and Project One. Click here to download a pdf version of this report. 2 MIT Technology Review EV tax credits could stall out on lack of US battery supply, Aug 2022; Atlantic Council, The Inflation Reduction Act places a big bet on alternative mineral supply chains, Aug 2022 3 Battery Materials Review _____ 4 MSCI Mining Energy-Transition Metals: National Aims, Local Conflicts, June 2021; Reuters Rio Tinto’s 26-year struggle to develop a massive Arizona copper mine, Apr 2021; Washington Post Biden administration cancels two mining leases near Minnesota wilderness, Jan 2022; NBC News The cost of green energy: The nation’s biggest lithium mine may be going up on a site sacred to Native Americans, Aug 2022. 5 Nature Reviews Earth & Environment Deep- ocean polymetallic nodules as a resource for critical materials, March 2020. 6 Sources: (For US Demand) Table 1. Page 97 of 100-Day Reviews under Executive Order 14017, June 2021; (For nickel sulphate supply through 2032) Benchmark Mineral Intelligence Nickel Forecast, Q4 2021; (For nickel requirements per EV) AMY July 25, 2018: Table 1, applied to 75kWh battery pack. 7 100-Day Reviews under Executive Order 14017, June 2021: page 254, footnote 3. 8 Benchmark Mineral Intelligence Nickel Forecast, Q4 2021; BNEF Cobalt Outlook, 2021. 11 Bloomberg, Sept 9, 2021. 12 NORI SEC filing 13 Preliminary Economic Assessment of the NORI Area D, AMC Consultants, April 2019. 14 Calculated based on nickel content required for NMC811 battery cathode per AMY July 25, 2018: Table 1 Battery metal value per kWh. 15 While studies are underway, the only other developing nickel mine in the U.S., Tamarack in Minnesota, has not completed flowsheet development towards nickel sulfates and has not yet begun environmental permitting. Sources: Preliminary Economic Assessment of the Tamarack North Project March 12, 2020; https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/electra-glencore-and-talon-partnering-with-government-of-ontario-on-battery-materials-park-study-807167832.html 16 President Biden Announces Steps to Drive American Leadership Forward on Clean Cars and Trucks, Aug 2021.
consistency is a powerful tool for reducing the complexity of a system and making its behavior more obvious. If a system is consistent it means that similar things are done in similar ways, and dissimilar things are done in different ways, Consistency creates cognitive leverage: once you have learned how something is done in one place you can use that knowledge to immediately understand other places that use the same approach. If a system is not implemented in a consistent fashion developers must learn about each situation separately. this will take more time. consistency also reduces mistakes if a system is not consistent two situations may appear the same when in fact they are different. A developer may see a pattern that looks familiar and make incorrect assumptions based on previous encounters with that pattern on the other hand if the system is consistent assumptions made based on familiar-looking situations will be safe consistency allows developers to work more quickly with fewer mistakes.
Banu Khorramdin or Bānu Xorramdin (??? - 838) was the wife of Babak Khoramdin. Banu fought side by side with her husband Babak against the Abbasid Caliphate. Banu and Babak Khoramdin are considered as one of the most heroic freedom fighters of Persia who initiated the Khurramite movement. It was a freedom fighting movement aimed to overthrow the Arab Caliphate and restore the Sasanians to the throne. After the occupation of Persia by the Arabs, Banu and Babak worked as revolutionary resistance fighters leading the Persian Resistance Militia. The famous female commando and revolutionary Banu, is to this day considered by most Iranians as a heroine. The central area of activity for Banu was Azerbaijan state of Persia. Banu was a temperamental woman and a very skilled archer, she grew up with her bow and arrows. According to some sources, Banu was Babak's partner in life and death, in war and peace. Between 816-837 A.D. occurred one of the most dramatic periods in the history of Iran which was set under Babak and Banu’s leadership. During these most crucial years, they struggled against the Caliphate and refused their Arabian/Islamic customs. Eventually, Banu, Babak and their warriors were forced to leave Babak Fort after 23 years of constant successful campaigns which killed over 500,000 invading Arabs. Babak's mighty army "Red-Wearing Ones" (alternatively Persian: سرخ جامگان Surxjāmagān) was never defeated. They were eventually betrayed by one of their own officers (Afshin) and were handed over to the Arab Abbasid Caliphate. - Said Nafisi, Babak Khorramdin Delawar-e-Azerbaijan (Babak Khorramdin, the braveheart of Azerbaijan), Tabesh Publishers, Tehran 1955, pg 57, actual quote from Ibn Esanfiyar: Persian: من (مازیار) و افشين خيدر بن کاوس و بابک هر سه از دير باز عهد و بيعت کرده ايم و قرار داده بر آن که دولت از عرب بازستانيم و ملک و جهانداري با خاندان کسرويان نقل کنيم
America's forgotten founding father December 12: John Jay's birthday reminds us of his contributions to a young United States of America On December 12, 2017, one of America’s most prominent, yet forgotten, Founding Fathers would have turned 272 years old. John Jay, a native of New York City, had among the most impressive resumes in American history, especially among the Founding Fathers who never became president. Jay served in the Continental Congress, as a diplomat representing the United States in the Treaty of Paris, an author of the Federalist Papers, America’s first chief justice, acting secretary of state under George Washington, and governor of New York. Yet despite this illustrious resume, Jay’s name is often overshadowed by his contemporaries. For instance, although Jay wrote five Federalist Papers, his coauthors, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison, wrote the most famous and treasured, such as Federalist 10 and Federalist 51. Likewise, Jay may have been the first chief justice of the Supreme Court, but he only held the office for a few years during a time when the Court was far and away the weakest and least-prestigious branch of the government. Consequently, Jay’s name is overshadowed by the great John Marshall, the chief justice who asserted the Court’s power of judicial review in Marbury v. Madison, transforming the Court into a co-equal branch. Perhaps the biggest reason Jay is relegated to the second tier of Founding Fathers, in spite of his numerous positions and indelible contributions, was a treaty Jay negotiated in the (aptly named) Jay Treaty. As successful as Washington’s presidency was, the French Revolution and resulting wars threatened to tear the country apart. These conflicts, particularly the Franco-British War, even reached into Washington’s cabinet, with Thomas Jefferson supporting the French (and their revolution) and Alexander Hamilton supporting the British. Jay, as chief justice, was given the unenviable task of negotiating a way to keep America out of the conflict in a way that would appease Americans on both sides of the issue. Washington dispatched Jay to Great Britain to secure a treaty that would ensure the continuation of America’s trade relationship with the British without dragging the nation into a military conflict. Jay’s treaty was, on the whole, successful in attaining both objectives. In spite of Jay’s success, public reaction to the treaty was as polarized as could be. Hamilton and the rest of the pro-British Federalists praised the treaty. The Jeffersonians, however, denounced the treaty in the strongest possible terms, asserting it to be a repudiation of the American Revolution’s republican values in favor of Britain’s monarchical system, as well as a betrayal of the French. The Jeffersonians unleashed their wrath on Jay, assailing him as a monarchist and burning him in effigy—Jay is purported to have mournfully noted that he could traveled from one end of the country to the other guided only by their light. In the long-run, Washington and Jay would be vindicated by their commitment to neutrality. As the French Revolution spiraled out of control, even Jefferson would eventually reconsider his support. Still, Jay’s popularity never really recovered, and in the decades since his image was burned in effigy by half the country, his name has been consistently overshadowed by such names as Washington, Adams, Jefferson, Hamilton, Franklin, Madison, and Marshall. His unpopularity aside, Jay clearly made a mark on the nation’s founding, one that deserves more recognition than being the answer of a few trivia questions. So, here at the Miller Center, we would like to wish a happy (272 and counting) birthday to a truly consequential Founding Father.
Marilyn Monroe: Marilyn Monroe, an iconic figure of the 20th century, continues to captivate the world with her timeless beauty, charisma, and enigmatic persona. Born Norma Jeane Mortenson on June 1, 1926, in Los Angeles, California, Monroe’s life was a rollercoaster of triumphs and tragedies. In this blog, we delve into 11 intriguing aspects of Marilyn Monroe’s life, shedding light on the woman behind the dazzling Hollywood facade. 1. Transformation from Norma Jeane to Marilyn Monroe: Monroe’s journey from a troubled childhood to becoming the epitome of Hollywood glamour is a story of resilience and reinvention. Overcoming a tumultuous upbringing, she emerged from the cocoon of Norma Jeane to embrace the persona of Marilyn Monroe, a name that would echo through the corridors of fame. 2. The Blonde Bombshell Image: Marilyn’s platinum blonde hair and hourglass figure became synonymous with the term “blonde bombshell.” Her looks, combined with a sultry voice and undeniable charm, set her apart in an era dominated by traditional Hollywood glamour. 3. Intellectual Aspirations: Contrary to the prevalent stereotype of the dumb blonde, Monroe was intellectually curious and well-read. She had an extensive personal library and sought intellectual stimulation through conversations with renowned writers and artists of her time. 4. The Seven-Year Itch: Monroe’s iconic white dress moment in the film “The Seven-Year Itch” remains etched in cinematic history. The image of her standing over a subway grate with her dress billowing has become one of the most iconic scenes in film history. 5. Marilyn the Singer: Beyond her acting prowess, Monroe was an accomplished singer. Her rendition of “Happy Birthday, Mr. President” for John F. Kennedy is legendary. Her breathy, seductive voice added another dimension to her already multifaceted talent. 6. Fragile Personal Life: Despite her public image, Monroe’s personal life was fraught with difficulties. Her marriages to Joe DiMaggio and Arthur Miller ended in divorce, and battles with mental health issues and substance abuse plagued her throughout her life. 7. Marilyn and the Camera: Photographers adored capturing Monroe’s ethereal beauty, and she, in turn, understood the power of the lens. Some of the most iconic photographs of Monroe, taken by the likes of Milton H. Greene and Richard Avedon, continue to be celebrated as masterpieces. 8. Business Savvy: Monroe founded her own production company, Marilyn Monroe Productions, in 1955, giving her more control over her career. This move was groundbreaking at a time when actors had limited say in their professional lives. 9. Friendship with Ella Fitzgerald: Monroe played a pivotal role in breaking racial barriers in the entertainment industry. When the Mocambo nightclub initially refused to book Ella Fitzgerald due to her race, Monroe promised to sit in the front row every night if they booked Fitzgerald. This gesture helped elevate Fitzgerald’s career. 10. Legacy Beyond the Silver Screen: Monroe’s influence extends far beyond her filmography. Her image continues to be an enduring symbol of beauty, glamour, and vulnerability. Countless artists, musicians, and filmmakers cite her as an inspiration, ensuring that her legacy lives on. 11. Mysterious Demise: The circumstances surrounding Monroe’s death in 1962 remain shrouded in mystery and conspiracy theories. While officially ruled as a probable suicide due to a drug overdose, questions persist, adding an air of intrigue to the final chapter of her life. Marilyn Monroe, with her unparalleled beauty, talent, and complex persona, remains an enigma in popular culture. From her transformative journey to her impact on societal norms, Monroe’s legacy endures, inviting us to explore the depths of her fascinating life beyond the silver screen. WRITTEN BY ALEX FAQs and answers 1. What made Marilyn Monroe an iconic figure in Hollywood? Marilyn Monroe became an icon due to her unique blend of beauty, charisma, and talent. She starred in classic films like Some Like It Hot and Gentlemen Prefer Blondes, showcasing her comedic timing and sex appeal. Her public persona, combined with a mysterious and tragic life story, cemented her legendary status. 2. What were Marilyn Monroe’s most famous movies? Some of Monroe’s most famous films include: - Some Like It Hot (1959) - Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953) - The Seven Year Itch (1955) - How to Marry a Millionaire (1953) These films showcased her acting versatility and made her a global superstar. 3. Was Marilyn Monroe highly intelligent? Despite being stereotyped as a “dumb blonde,” Monroe had an IQ reportedly around 165. She was an avid reader, owning a collection of over 400 books, and she studied literature and art. She also took acting classes at the Actors Studio under Lee Strasberg. Reference: Smithsonian Magazine 4. How did Marilyn Monroe impact the fashion industry? Marilyn Monroe revolutionized fashion with her bold style choices. She popularized figure-hugging dresses, red lipstick, and platinum blonde hair. Her famous “nude” dress from JFK’s birthday celebration remains one of the most talked-about fashion moments in history. 5. What was Marilyn Monroe’s real name? Marilyn Monroe was born Norma Jeane Mortenson on June 1, 1926. She later changed her name professionally to Marilyn Monroe, inspired by actress Marilyn Miller and her mother’s maiden name, Monroe. 6. How did Marilyn Monroe die? Marilyn Monroe died on August 5, 1962, at the age of 36 due to an overdose of barbiturates. Her death was ruled a probable suicide, but conspiracy theories involving the Kennedys and the CIA continue to spark debates. 7. What is Marilyn Monroe’s lasting legacy today? Monroe remains a cultural icon, influencing artists, designers, and filmmakers worldwide. Her image continues to be used in fashion, music, and pop culture, and she is still one of the highest-earning deceased celebrities.
Top of the page Anesthesia controls pain during surgery or another kind of procedure. It could also make your child sleepy or forgetful. Or it may make your child unconscious. It depends on what kind of anesthesia is used. The doctor or nurse will make sure that your child is comfortable and safe during the procedure or surgery. The different types of anesthesia in children include: Tell the specialist about any health problems your child has. Tell them about your child's past surgeries. Also let them know if a family member had problems with anesthesia. Give them a list of any medicines and natural health products your child takes. Major side effects aren't common. But all types of anesthesia have some risk. The risk depends on your child's overall health. It also depends on the type of anesthesia and how your child responds to it. Serious but rare risks include breathing problems and a reaction to the medicine. Some health conditions increase the risk of problems. Your child's anesthesia provider will find out about any health problems your child has that could affect your child's care. A doctor will watch your child closely during the procedure. They'll make sure that your child stays safe and comfortable. Go to https://www.healthwise.net/patientEd Enter Z177 in the search box to learn more about "Learning About Anesthesia for Your Child". Current as of: July 31, 2024 Author: Ignite Healthwise, LLC Staff Clinical Review BoardAll Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals. Care instructions adapted under license by your healthcare professional. If you have questions about a medical condition or this instruction, always ask your healthcare professional. Ignite Healthwise, LLC disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. ©2024 Ignite Healthwise, LLC. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Ignite Healthwise, LLC.
Top of the page A bunion is an enlargement of bone or tissue around the joint at the base of the big toe. The big toe may turn toward the second toe. The tissues around the joint may be swollen and tender. A bony bump at the base of the little toe is called a bunionette or tailor's bunion. The little toe also bends inward, and the joint swells or enlarges. You may get bunions if: All of these may put pressure on the big toe joint. Over time, the pressure forces the big toe out of alignment, bending it toward the other toes. Your bunion may not cause any symptoms. Or you may have pain in your big toe, red or irritated skin over the bunion, and swelling at the base of the big toe. The big toe may point toward the other toes and cause problems in other toes. Your doctor will ask questions such as: When did the bunions start? What activities or shoes make your bunions worse? Do any other joints hurt? The doctor will examine your toe and joint and check their range of motion. X-rays, blood tests, and other tests are also sometimes used. Bunions are treated to help with pain and walking. Treatment starts with wearing shoes that are wide enough. It may include pads or splints to take pressure off the toe. Applying ice and taking some over-the-counter medicines can also help. Surgery is an option only if home treatment doesn't help. Proper footwear may prevent bunions. Wear roomy shoes that have wide and deep toe boxes (the area around the toes). The shoes should have low or flat heels and good arch supports. Avoid tight, narrow, or high-heeled shoes that put pressure on the big toe joint. Medicine won't prevent bunions. Health Tools help you make wise health decisions or take action to improve your health. Your bunion may not cause any symptoms. If you do have symptoms, they may include: A bunionette can cause similar symptoms at the base of the little toe. Bunions and their symptoms develop slowly over time. Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if: Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: Bunions are treated to ease pain and help with walking and other daily activities. Most bunions can be treated at home. Home treatment includes wearing shoes that have wide and deep toe boxes (the area that surrounds the toes). The shoes should have low or flat heels and good arch supports. You can wear pads or splints to cushion the bunion and take pressure off the toe. Applying ice and taking over-the-counter medicine can help relieve toe pain. Avoid activities that put pressure on your big toe and foot. Try activities that don't put a lot of pressure on your foot, such as swimming or biking. If you have a bunion but don't have pain or discomfort, treatment may not be needed. Surgery is an option only if other treatments don't help. Bunion surgery is done to help restore normal alignment to the toe joint. Home treatment can help relieve toe pain and may prevent a bunion from getting worse. Try the following ways to relieve toe pain. Examples include acetaminophen (such as Tylenol) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (such as ibuprofen or aspirin). Talk to your doctor about which pain reliever is best for you. Apply ice to the joint for 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Put a thin cloth between the ice and your skin. Elevate your foot so that your toe is higher than your heart. Place these just behind the big toe joint on the bottom of your foot. This redistributes your weight while you are walking and takes pressure off your big toe. Ask your doctor to help you choose the right kind of pads. These help protect the bunion from being rubbed by your shoes. Look for a shoe repair shop or cobbler that stretches shoes, or ask your doctor to recommend one. You may need to search for a shoe manufacturer who makes these shoes. Bunion surgery involves making a cut (incision) in the top or side of the big toe joint area. Then soft tissue and bone are removed or realigned. You may consider surgery if your bunion causes lasting, severe pain that limits your daily activities. You may also consider it if you have a severe foot deformity. The goals of surgery are to: Surgery isn't recommended if you: Bunions may come back after surgery. This is more likely if you keep wearing narrow or high-heeled shoes. Current as of: November 16, 2023 Author: Ignite Healthwise, LLC StaffClinical Review BoardAll Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals. Author: Ignite Healthwise, LLC Staff Clinical Review BoardAll Healthwise education is reviewed by a team that includes physicians, nurses, advanced practitioners, registered dieticians, and other healthcare professionals. To learn more about Ignite Healthwise, LLC, visit webmdignite.com. © 2024 Ignite Healthwise, LLC. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health decision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Ignite Healthwise, LLC.
Many mosques carry the name of the noble companion Omar ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, but his mosque in Dumat Al-Jandal next to Marid Castle in Al-Jouf is one of the most important historical mosques in the kingdom. Its construction dates back to the beginning of the Islamic era, but it is built on archaeological layers and architectural foundations that date back to the mid-first millennium BC. Historians confirm that the minaret of Omar ibn Al-Khattab Mosque is the first minaret in Islam, reaching a height of 13 meters. It narrows inward as it rises, ending in a pyramid-like peak. The mosque and minaret were built using carved stone, as in the buildings of Marid Castle. The minaret consists of four floors, but some parts of the staircase leading to the top collapsed, making it impossible to climb the minaret now. Despite restoration projects, the minaret has maintained its original shape since the beginning of the Islamic era.
A KAIST team reported ultra-flexible organic flash memory that is bendable down to a radius of 300μm. The memory exhibits a significantly-long projected retention rate with a programming voltage on par with the present industrial standards. A joint research team led by Professor Seunghyup Yoo of the School of Electrical Engineering and Professor Sung Gap Im of the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering said that their memory technology can be applied to non-conventional substrates, such as plastics and papers, to demonstrate its feasibility over a wide range of applications. With Dr. Seungwon Lee and Dr. Hanul Moon playing the role of leading authors, the research was published in Nature Communications on September 28. Flash memory is a non-volatile, transistor-based data-storage device that has become essential in most electronic systems in daily life. With straightforward operation mechanisms and easy integration into NAND or NOR array architecture, flash memory has been established as the most successful and dominant non-volatile memory technology by far. Despite promising demonstrations in the early stages of organic electronics, the overall progress in this field has been far slower than that of thin-film transistors (TFTs) or other devices based on flexible materials. It has been challenging, in particular, to develop flash memory that simultaneously exhibits a significant level of flexibility and performance. This is mainly due to the scarcity of flexible dielectric layers, which are responsible for the tunneling and blocking of charges. The solution processing used for the preparation of most of the polymeric dielectric layers also makes it difficult to use them in flash memory due to the complexity involved in the formation of the bilayer dielectric structure, which is the key to flash memory operations. The research team tried to overcome these hurdles and realize highly flexible flash memory by employing thin polymeric insulators grown with initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD), a vapor-phase growth technique for polymers that was previously shown to be promising for the fabrication of flexible TFTs. It was further shown that these iCVD-based polymeric insulators, when coupled with rational device design and material choice, can make a significant contribution to flash memory as well. Memory using conventional polymer insulating films has often required a voltage as high as 100 V (volt) in order to attain long memory retention. If the device is made to operate at a low voltage, the short retention period of less than a month was problematic. The KAIST team produced flash memory with programming voltages around 10 V and a projected data retention time of over 10 years, while maintaining its memory performance even at a mechanical strain of 2.8%. This is a significant improvement over the existing inorganic insulation layer-based flash memory that allowed only a 1% strain. The team demonstrated the virtually foldable memory devices by fabricating the proposed flash memory on a 6-micrometer-thick ultrathin plastic film. In addition, it succeeded in producing them on printing paper, opening a way for disposable smart electronic products such as electronic paper and electronic business card. Professor Yoo said, " This study well illustrates that even highly flexible flash memory can be made to have a practically viable level of performance, so that it contributes to full-fledged wearable electronic devices and smart electronic paper." (Figure 1. Structure of flexible flash memory ) (Figure 2. Foldable flash memory) (Professor YongKeun Park) Researchers have designed an ultrathin display that can project dynamic, multi-coloured, 3D holographic images, according to a study published in Nature Communications. The system’s critical component is a thin film of titanium filled with tiny holes that precisely correspond with each pixel in a liquid crystal display (LCD) panel. This film acts as a ‘photon sieve’ – each pinhole diffracts light emerging from them widely, resulting in a 2019-04-18(Figure 1. Electrode structure for the precise evaluation of the metal nanoparticles’ electrochemical catalytic characteristics at a high temperature.) A KAIST team presented an ideal electrode design to enhance the performance of high-temperature fuel cells. The new analytical platform with advanced nanoscale patterning method quantitatively revealed the electrochemical value of metal nanoparticles dispersed on the oxide electrode, thus leading to electrode design directions that c 2019-03-28(from left: Dr. Yoonsu Park and Professor Sukbok Chang from the Department of Chemistry) Molecules in nature often have “twin” molecules that look identical. In particular, the twin molecules that look like mirror images to each other are called enantiomers. However, even though they have the same type and number of elements, these twin molecules exhibit completely different properties. Professor Sukbok Chang and Dr. Yoonsu Park from the Department of Chemistry 2019-03-05(Professor Hee-Tak Kim and Hyunwon Chu) A KAIST research team has developed a lithium sulfur battery (LSB) that realizes 92% of the theoretical capacity and an areal capacity of 4mAh/cm2. LSBs are gaining a great deal of attention as an alternative for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) because they have a theoretical energy density up to six to seven times higher than that of LIBs, and can be manufactured in a more cost-effective way. However, LSBs face the obstacle of 2019-02-11A KAIST team presented a noninvasive light-sensitive photoactivatable recombinase suitable for genetic manipulation in vivo. The highly light-sensitive property of photoactivatable Flp recombinase will be ideal for controlling genetic manipulation in deep mouse brain regions by illumination with a noninvasive light-emitting diode. This easy-to-use optogenetic module made by Professor Won Do Heo and his team will provide a side-effect free and expandable genetic manipulation tool for neurosci
Janelly Martinez-Amador is one of 11 patients—seven girls and four boys—who were enrolled in a clinical drug trial between October 2008 and December 2009 to study an enzyme-replacement drug therapy, asfotase alfa. The children’s ages ranged between 2 weeks and 3 years old. Canadian-based Enobia Pharma Corp, since acquired by Alexion of Connecticut, developed the drug and also funded the study along with Shriners Hospital for Children. Researchers sought to examine if the asfotase alfa could treat the symptoms of life-threatening forms of hypophosphatasia (HPP), a rare genetic disorder characterized by the body’s inability to absorb minerals needed to maintain bone structure. Previously, no medical treatment existed. The study participants suffered from perinatal HPP, almost always lethal, and infantile HPP, which develops before 6 months of age, with symptoms such as rickets, failure to thrive, low muscle tone and muscle disease. They received a single intravenous infusion of the drug, followed by injections three times a week. Results of the study, Enzyme-Replacement Therapy in Life-Threatening Hypophosphatasia, were published in March 2012 in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) with promising results. The main objective of the NEJM article was to report data on all patients following 48 weeks of treatment. Additional information is reported via an appendix to that article. In the case of this patient, observation of continual improvement through 2 years of treatment is noted in the appendix. Results show that the bone-targeted enzyme replacement was effective, with substantial improvement seen at week 24 as was evidenced in the patients’ X-rays. Treatment improved the skeletal issues as well as respiratory and motor function, the study noted. Janelly was among the oldest of the group and she was the most severe. She weighed about 19 pounds when the trial began. “By the time she started the drug, she was already ventilator dependent,” said Margo Black, R.N., a research nurse in Pediatric Endocrinology. “You have to have a skeletal frame to support your body and muscle and she didn’t have that. As she has been on the study drug, she has slowly started developing bone.” In the published study, notes indicated that Janelly had extreme skeletal disease, characterized by “the near absence of visible bone.” She was immobile and had no head control. After 48 weeks of treatment she was able to move all limbs against gravity, and following 2 years of treatment she was able to roll over, tolerate supported sitting and plans were made for transition to a wheelchair. With longer treatment, progress continued and details will be provided at future medical conferences and in peer-reviewed medical journals. “This is evidence of how we as an academic medical center must partner with pharmaceutical companies to get new answers and to get to the next level of what we can offer children and families,” said Black. “It is my job to collect data that is reliable and valid, and to take the info we’re gathering about her to the sponsor which then takes it to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. And hopefully, the drug will be marketed so not every child has to be in a study to take it.” Nine patients, including Janelly, are participating in a long-term extension phase of the study of the experimental drug, and at the time the study was published in 2012, the average treatment duration was 18 months (range of 12-26 months). That phase of the trial is expected to go through July 2014. Vanderbilt also now has a second patient who is part of the trial. – by Christina Echegaray
GSK is taking a bold step forward in the fight against immune-related diseases by investing £50 million into a new five-year collaboration with the University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals. Dubbed the Cambridge-GSK Translational Immunology Collaboration (CG-TIC), this project is set to drive research and innovation into treating some of the most challenging diseases of our time and will particularly focus on kidney disease and chronic respiratory conditions. Immune-related diseases like chronic kidney disease (which affects 850 million people worldwide) and respiratory diseases (impacting 545 million people) are major global health challenges. These conditions not only lead to a significant decline in quality of life but also strain healthcare systems worldwide. By working together, Cambridge and GSK aim to find better, faster ways to treat these diseases by combining the world-class scientific expertise of the university with GSK’s industry-leading knowledge in drug development. The CG-TIC partnership is building on a history of collaboration between GSK and the University of Cambridge. This new project will look to speed up the development of treatments by leveraging cutting-edge technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) to analyse data faster and more precisely. With AI’s help, they hope to streamline the process of discovering how diseases affect the immune system and how new or existing therapies can target them more effectively. Tony Wood, GSK’s Chief Scientific Officer, underscored the importance of collaboration in science, saying that “bringing together Cambridge’s research excellence and GSK’s pharmaceutical expertise can lead to faster, more impactful breakthroughs. It’s not just about making small improvements but aiming to transform how we treat immune-related diseases”. Why Focus on Kidney and Respiratory Diseases? These two areas were chosen because of their massive global impact and the current lack of highly effective treatments. Chronic Kidney Disease can progress silently, often only detected in its late stages, leaving patients with limited treatment options like dialysis or kidney transplants—both of which come with significant lifestyle challenges. Respiratory diseases, like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are similarly life-altering and currently have limited treatment options that can only manage symptoms rather than addressing the underlying causes. By honing in on these diseases, GSK and Cambridge are looking to understand more about how immune responses contribute to disease progression and, most importantly, how to intervene with better, more targeted treatments One of the most exciting parts of this collaboration is the use of AI to accelerate research. AI can process enormous amounts of data quickly, helping scientists identify new treatment pathways or predict how patients might respond to different therapies. This will enable the team to move from early research to clinical trials more efficiently, potentially bringing new treatments to patients in much less time. By using AI to analyse how diseases behave at a cellular level, the collaboration hopes to cut down on costly and time-consuming trial-and-error approaches. This could be especially important for patients with immune-related diseases, where treatments often involve complex interactions with the body’s defences. Beyond the obvious health benefits, this partnership is also a huge boost for the UK’s life sciences sector. Peter Kyle, Secretary of State for Science, Innovation and Technology, hailed the collaboration as an example of how the UK is at the forefront of global healthcare innovation. ” The partnership will drive economic growth while creating life-changing treatments that benefit patients both in the UK and globally. The UK’s reputation for scientific excellence, particularly in life sciences, is being bolstered by projects like this, showing how academia and industry can come together to solve some of the world’s biggest health challenges” The next five years of this partnership will be crucial in discovering new treatments and improving existing ones. GSK and Cambridge are committed to not only advancing the understanding of immune-related diseases but also ensuring that discoveries make their way from the lab to the patient as quickly and safely as possible. The Cambridge-GSK Translational Immunology Collaboration is about pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in medical research, using the latest technologies to make treatments more effective and accessible. This partnership is not just a win for the UK, but for patients around the world who are waiting for better solutions to diseases that affect millions.
On January 22, 2010, the SLATE, an online daily magazine on the Web, published a wonderful article entitled "Beware the Myth of Grass-Fed Beef: Cows raised at pasture are not immune to deadly E. coli bacteria" By James E. McWilliams. People have been posting links to this article like crazy. There are hundreds of posts to Twitter and even NPR did a story on it. If you have not read the article, you should as it is well written and informative. But, in my opinion, the article is incomplete and does not tell the whole story when it comes to E. coli risks between typical grain fed beef and grass fed beef. E. coli: Grass Fed Myth vs Reality The SLATE E. coli article does a fantastic job of documenting the myth vs reality of E. coli O157:H7 colonization in Grass Fed cattle. E. coli O157:H7 is a particularly dangerous strain of E. coli that has been at the heart of so many ground beef recalls in recent years. The longstanding myth is that Grass Fed (aka Pasture Raised) Cattle are immune to E. coli O157:H7. Therefore, eating Grass Fed beef eliminates the risk of E. coli contamination. The article points out that there have been at least a half-dozen studies that show that grass-fed cows do become colonized with E. coli O157:H7 at rates nearly the same as grain-fed cattle. The article goes on to say that "the point in dredging up these studies—ones the media never covered—is not to play gotcha with advocates of grass-fed beef. (As mentioned above, grass-fed beef may be healthier than conventional beef over all, and kinder to the animals.) Instead, it's a warning that advocacy for a trendy food choice might result in a public health hazard." The problems I have with this article are two fold. First, it does not tell the whole story of how beef becomes contaminated by E. coli. Secondly, people who are not more enlightened immediately conclude that if you eat grass fed beef, you are at equal risk of E. coli O157:H7 exposure as you are eating your typical industrial farmed beef. They immediately feel the need to slander the virtues of pasture raised beef and defend industrial farmed, grain fed beef. Well, I feel likeI need to tell the complete story so you can appropriately understand the E. coli risk differences between grain fed feedlot beef and local, pasture raised grass fed beef. Local Grass Fed Beef Is Safer Than Feedlot Beef when it comes to E. coli Risk of E. coli contamination is really a processing / butchering issue. E. coli contamination occurs when the meat comes into contact with E. coli contaminated feces. If the cattle are clean at the time of slaughter and the butcher is skilled, the chances of E. coli contamination can be greatly reduced. And when people talk about Grass Fed beef, they usually refer to pasture raised beef that is locally raised and locally butchered. When local farmers take their cattle in for processing, the work is typically done by a skilled butcher in an immaculate processing facility. These buther's are more like artisans and they know how to cut the meat up and take great care to avoid contamination. The meat is ground on site and often frozen to maintain freshness. Contrast that with your typical package of ground beef you find in your local supermarket or burger you buy at a local restaurant (I'll discuss that further, keep reading). Fact #1: Feedlot cattle are dirtier at time of slaughter than local, pasture raised beef, and therefore there is a higher risk of E. coli contamination. Most of the beef in the United States come from large grain feeding operations called feedlots or factory farms. A cattle feedlot is crowded, filthy and stinking, with open sewers, unpaved roads and choking air. There is no grass to be seen and the cattle stand and lie in their feces all day until it is caked on their bodies. And no matter how hard the meat processing facilities try (some much more than others) there is no getting all of that E. Coli contaminated fecal matter off of the hides of the cattle. Fact #2: Most Grain Fed Beef Comes From High Speed Industrial Meat Processing Plants That Employ Unskilled Labor Making It Higher Risk of E. coli Contamination Watch This Entertaining Clip From The Meatrix Animated Series Most beef in the United States is produced by a handful of large, industrial processing plants where speed is the name of the game. The slaughtering and butchering of the meat is done assembly line style at high speeds. To make matters worse, the work is performed by cheap, unskilled labor. As documented in and , meatpacking is some of the most dangerous work in America, but it pays 24% less than the average Factory job. The assembly goes by so quickly that the rushed slaughtering process sometimes leads to animals being processed while they are still alive. Fecal contamination of the meat is an inevitability when running lines at these speeds with unskilled labor. Fact #3: Industrially Processed Ground Beef more closely resembles a Frankenburger As documented in a recent NY Times Article titled "E. Coli Path Shows Flaws in Beef Inspection," most ground beef you find in a typical grocery store or restaurant is not simply a chunk of meat that has been run through a grinder. Instead, it is what I like to call "frankenbeef" which consists of an amalgam of various grades of meat from different parts of cows and even from different slaughterhouses. Industry research shows that these low-grade ingredients are cut from areas of the cow that are more likely to have had contact with feces which carries E. coli. In their research into Cargill's confidential grinding logs, the NY Times found that Cargill hamburgers were made from a mix of ingredients from multiple slaughterhouses including Nebraska, Texas, Uruguay, and from a South Dakota company that processes fatty trimmings and treats them with ammonia to kill bacteria. The article goes on to state that "Despite this, there is no federal requirement for grinders to test their ingredients for the pathogen." So next time you eat a burger made from grain fed feedlot beef, know that it may contain pieces of 1,000 different cows and probably a little serving of their manure. The benefits of 100% pasture raised, grass fed beef are numerous, including the fact that if you consume it, you have a much lower risk of E. coli exposure than if you eat grain fed, industrially farmed beef. However, the reasons for the lower risk are not that the animal is naturally immune to E. coli colonization, but because the entire beef production chain for grass fed beef is typically cleaner. I understand that it is human nature to cling to the status quo. Most people live in a state of oblivion when it comes to understanding where their beef comes from. It's understandable, because a great deal of effort has gone into hiding the realities behind factory farming practices. The images of happy cows growing up on pasture are an illusion. And people want to maintain those illusions because they couldn't live with themselves if they knew truth. The truth can be hard to swallow (and potentially dangerous when it comes to industrial ground beef). People's natural reaction is to defend industrial farming practices as a necessity to feed a nation. That's how I rationalize how quickly people jumped on the bandwagon when the "Beware the Myth of Grass-Fed Beef" article came out. But we all need to learn to stop, think and appropriately process what we read. The point of the SLATE article is Grass Fed Cows are not immune to E. Coli contamination. But the conlusion IS NOT that risk of E. Coli exposure is the same for local, grass fed beef as it is for industrially produced feedlot beef. Grass fed beef is cleaner at the time of slaughter. It is usally processed in a small local meat processing operation by skilled butchers who are careful to avoid fecal contamination of the beef. When you buy grass fed ground beef from a reputable local farmer, you can be assured it is not "frankenbeef." In fact, the ground beef probably came from one cow. Rest assured, it was processed from quality, uncontaminated ingredients. When you look back at your life, how will you judge your own actions? I know I want to look back at my life and feel like I tried to make a difference. I hope my actions show that I tried to fight for what's right. What's right to me is a return to sustainable farming practices that are healthier for the animal, the environment and the people. The consumer voice is a powerful tool and every purchase you make is a vote of approval. Make your voice heard, vote with your wallet and choose local Grass Fed Beef.
REDUCING WATER STRESS IMPACT it’s been a great year to study water stress in soybeans. At least, that’s what a University of Guelph researcher says about the dry 2012 growing season. Dr. Hugh Earl is studying the impact of water stress on yield loss and anticipates the results will lead to new Ontario soybean varieties with increased drought tolerance. Previous research has shown corn and soybeans grown in Ontario are likely to encounter water stress at some point in the growth cycle, causing yield loss. “Water stress often goes unnoticed,” says Earl. “It’s not something growers typically see, but can have a significant impact on plant growth and yields.” Earl’s study aims to reclaim lost yield potential by increasing water use efficiency in soybeans to reduce water stress during key growth and development periods. The research is currently in year two of a three-year study. An associate professor of crop physiology with the University of Guelph’s Department of Plant Agriculture, Earl has been studying water stress for more than 10 years in Ontario and in the state of Georgia. “The efficiency of a plant to use soil water to support growth is determined in part by its genetic makeup,” says Earl. “By enhancing the water use efficiency trait, we can increase drought tolerance, or reduce water stress to a plant, and hopefully increase soybean yield potentials in challenging years like this one.” genetic traits determine efficient water use Each variety studied in the research project was selected for its water use efficiency, a genetic trait that controls water use in soybeans. “Plants have the ability to control when they use water, and how much they absorb from the soil,” says Earl, who further explains that under typical Ontario growing conditions, soil water often gets depleted during the critical stages of pod set and seed fill in soybeans, often to the point of stressing the crop and inhibiting growth. An ideal plant would ration water more effectively during the early development stages, so that water stress could be avoided later when it really matters to yield. Determining how much yield loss potential can be reclaimed through genetic selection of the water use efficiency trait is Earl’s anticipated outcome of the research. “Growers could increase yields by five to 20 percent in dry growing conditions if we are able to narrow down the desirable traits and breed them into commercial soybean varieties,” says Earl. The project started in 2011, using 24 commercial soybean varieties, both genetically modified (GM) for glyphosate tolerance and non-GM varieties. The soybean varieties were grown simultaneously in a greenhouse and in field trials to determine which varieties showed the largest differences in the water use efficiency trait. Soybean varieties were planted randomly in field trials and duplicated in opposite-facing plots, with one side irrigated and the other side grown under rainfed conditions. This enabled Earl and his research team to measure the impact of irrigation and natural soil moisture availability on each variety. This year, 15 varieties were planted in field trials using the same methodology as the previous year to compare irrigated soybeans to rainfed plants, and will be repeated again next year. Earl’s previous research, measuring rainfed versus irrigated soybeans demonstrated a potential 10 to 25 percent yield increase in irrigated soybeans. But Earl isn’t recommending Ontario growers irrigate soybeans, he’s proving that rainfall in Ontario, even in relatively wet years, is not sufficient to maximize soybean growth and yields, indicating the potential benefit of enhanced water stress tolerance. transferring technology to growers While the study isn’t complete yet, Earl is already working with commercial soybean breeding companies through a technology transfer system to breed plants for the desired water use efficiency trait. In fact, water stress tolerance is already a major focus for most breeders, making Earl’s research project a compliment to existing efforts to bring drought tolerant soybean varieties to Ontario growers. Earl’s research isn’t meant to develop plants that will survive under severe stress, rather, he is looking to increase productivity under mildly stressful conditions (like the dry 2012 growing season). Once researchers can understand how a plant controls its water use, and successfully identify those traits, Ontario growers will have the ability to select varieties to reduce plant water stress and reclaim yield potential. This soybean drought-tolerance research is funded by Grain Farmers of Ontario. •
A Look at Government’s Role in Pipeline Safety, Maintenance By Beth Everage, policy director, HBW Resources As existing U.S. pipeline infrastructure ages and new projects face increased public scrutiny, it’s important that measures are in place to ensure safe operations. Currently, America has 206 million miles of pipelines that deliver 16.2 billion barrels of liquid products – think crude oil, gasoline, diesel and ethane1 – and over 25 Tcf of natural gas.2 Pipelines are by far the safest way to transport crude oil and petroleum products, with cargo safely reaching its destination 99.99% of the time.3 This strong performance record, in addition to the below legal and regulatory regimes, should give Americans confidence that products transported by pipelines are the safest and the best option available. In response to the country’s growing pipeline network, the Natural Gas and Pipeline Safety Act of 1968 (NGPSA) authorized the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) to develop minimum federal safety standards for natural gas pipelines. Modeled after the NGPSA, the Hazardous Liquid Pipeline Safety Act of 1979 (HLPSA) added hazardous liquid pipeline safety to DOT’s jurisdiction and established minimum federal safety standards for pipeline transport of hazardous liquid. In 1994, Congress merged and recodified NGPSA and HLPSA as the Pipeline Safety Act (PSA). DOT delegated the regulation of pipeline safety under the PSA to the Pipelines and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA). Over the years, Congress has amended the PSA several times. These revisions typically occur every four years as Congress reviews and reauthorizes PHMSA programs. The most recent amendment to the PSA, the Protecting Our Infrastructure of Pipelines and Enhancing Safety Act, also known as the PIPES Act, was signed by President Obama in 2016. Key items from the PIPES Act include: - Requires PHMSA to update Congress every 90 days on rulemaking timelines, progress and constraints - PHMSA must comply with new or unaddressed mandates under the Pipeline Safety, Regulatory Certainty, and Job Creation Act of 2011 - Establishes a task force to provide Congress with an analysis of factors concerning natural gas storage leaks, mitigation measures to stop leaks, and leaks’ effect on the environment - Reauthorizes and increases funding for PHMSA through fiscal year 2019 PHMSA is given authority under the PSA to issue rulemaking to establish domestic intrastate and interstate safety standards for the “design, installation, inspection, emergency plans and procedures, testing, construction, extension, operation, replacement, and maintenance of pipeline facilities.”4 Pipeline safety regulations also incorporate by reference standards and recommended practices from organizations and trade associations such as the American Petroleum Institute, the American National Standards Institute, the American Society of Chemical Engineers, and the American Society for Testing and Materials. Congress has also permitted states to regulate, inspect and enforce intrastate pipelines via PHMSA’s state certification program. This process requires states to adopt the minimum federal safety standards, but states may also adopt more stringent standards if they are compatible with federal requirements. If a state does not participate in the certification program, its intrastate facilities are subject to inspection and enforcement by PHMSA. In 2017, all states, barring Alaska and Hawaii, were certified by PHMSA to act as the safety authority for intrastate natural gas pipelines. However, only 15 states were certified for the intrastate hazardous liquid program.5 To support certified states, PHMSA offers grants to reimburse a portion of the annual expenses incurred for personnel and equipment necessary to conduct state pipeline safety programs. States are preempted from enforcing safety standards for interstate pipelines. However, a state may agree to participate as PHMSA’s interstate agent for the oversight of interstate pipelines. State agents may participate in incident investigations and may assume inspection duties, but PHMSA is responsible for enforcing any violations. Currently, only nine states hold interstate agent agreements with PHMSA.6 Federal and state laws preempt local governments from developing pipeline safety rules. Typically, local governments address these issues by passing ordinances or resolutions that govern development near pipelines or ensure local emergency responders have adequate resources to address any incidents. Pipeline Safety Challenges Increased domestic shale production has forced the nation’s pipeline network to expand at a rapid rate. With the growing demand for new infrastructure, PHMSA faces increased scrutiny as it works to ensure the safety and maintenance of new and existing pipelines. Incidents such as the 2015 Aliso Canyon gas leak in California have highlighted some regulatory gaps the agency must address in the near future. In May 2018, the U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) released a report assessing PHMSA’s interstate agent agreements. Historically, PHMSA has used interstate agents to complement existing federal inspection resources. The report noted the agency lacks an inspection workforce plan and recommended that PHMSA develop a workforce plan for interstate pipeline inspections to assure sufficient staffing levels for future infrastructure inspections. High-profile pipeline safety incidents coupled with growing anti-energy sentiment and public protests have increased the public’s awareness of pipeline safety. In response, PHMSA announced in June 2018 that it would post public notice of enforcement hearings, enabling the public and press to attend. This decision was made following a request by the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press (RCFP). Katie Townsend, RCFP’s Legal Director called PHMSA’s move “a positive step toward greater transparency that will allow the public to better monitor and understand what PHMSA does and how it does it.”7 Additionally, the 2016 PIPES Act requires PHMSA to establish a multi-stakeholder working group to create an information sharing system to improve communication between regulators, industry and safety groups. Cyber and physical attacks on U.S. infrastructure are a real and growing threat. Following the 9/11 attacks, DOT prepared Pipeline Security Contingency Planning Guidance and a Pipeline Security Information Circular. Oil and gas pipelines are subject to PHMSA regulations to address physical security threats; however, no such rules are currently in place to address cyber-attacks. In March 2018, the Transportation Safety Administration has authority over all DOT modes of transportation, including pipelines, issued its Pipeline Security Guidelines. The guidelines call upon pipeline operators to establish corporate policies and procedures to address cybersecurity related threats. TSA also recommends implementing the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity as corporate best practices. On June 21, 2018, PHMSA Administrator Howard Elliott testified before the House Transportation and Infrastructure, Subcommittee on Railroads, Pipelines, and Hazardous Materials that the agency has not been able to complete 34 of the 42 pipeline safety rules mandated under the Pipeline Safety, Regulatory Certainty and Job Creation Act of 2011. The agency also has six outstanding mandates from the 2016 PIPES Act.8 Regulatory reform mandates by the Trump Administration have placed strict “two-for-one” requirements on new regulations directing that for everyone new regulation issued, at least two prior regulations be identified for elimination. This will force PHMSA to address future rulemaking with a streamlined approach. This could prove particularly challenging as PHMSA’s reauthorization approaches and the agency will also likely acquire additional mandates to address issues such as public awareness and cybersecurity. P&GJ Author: Beth Everage is policy director at HBW Resources where she provides support for the development of policy positions, stakeholder communications and marketing for the organization. Beth has eight years of experience as manager, Energy & Environmental Policy at the Greater Houston Partnership.
Welcome to Aspen The richness of the history of Aspen is like no other among current-day Colorado mountain towns. First named Ute City, after the native American Indians who had inhabited the region for over 800 years, the area was renamed Aspen soon after the discovery of large silver deposits by prospectors in 1879. With the passing of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act of 1880, Aspen was catapulted into a mining boom that lasted fourteen years bringing great prosperity and growth to the town. Industrialists and capitalists with names such as B. Clark Wheeler, Charles Hallam, David Hyman, and Jerome B. Wheeler brought an infusion of ingenuity and capital into the community. By the late 1880s, Aspen had an electric company, a city water system, a railway, and an opera house. The population swelled to over 15,000. The repeal of the Sherman Act demonetizing silver in 1893 brought an end to the Aspen boom. The Quiet Years ensued until the mid-1930s when Aspen as a ski town was in its infancy. During World War II the 10th Mountain Division, an elite corps of mountain men from around the world, trained in and around Aspen to ultimately fight in the mountains of Europe. After the war, a cadre of these veterans returned to the area to promote skiing and to help develop what is now a world-famous four-mountain ski area. Walter Paepcke, a Chicago industrialist, was pivotal in the launching of the Aspen Ski Corporation in 1946. He and his wife, Elizabeth were, however, to leave an even more indelible mark on the history of Aspen. Their vision to make Aspen a gathering place for thinkers, artists, leaders, and musicians from around the world was also realized. The Paepcke’s Mind, Body, Spirit philosophy is embodied in the very institutions they helped create: The Aspen Institute, the Aspen Music Festival and School, the International Design Conference, the Aspen Center for Physics, and the Aspen Center for Environmental Studies. The 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s witnessed the growth of Aspen into the international destination it is today where one can indulge in an abundance of year-round recreational activities, an array of cultural and intellectual events, and a lifestyle without parallel in any mountain town. Facts: The City of Aspen rests in the White River National Forest at 7,900 feet of elevation surrounded by the Elk Mountain Range with many peaks rising to over 14,000 feet. The city is 3.6 square miles, has a population of approximately 6,700 residents that swells to an average of 20,000 people in peak seasons, and enjoys an average of 300 days of sunshine. It is located in Pitkin County (population approx.17,400) and is on the easternmost end of the 50-mile-long Roaring Fork Valley with an estimated population of 35,000. Today Aspen is a city known around the world as a premier tourist destination and a locale where more homes are owned by second and third homeowners than by permanent residents. Luxury and world-class define many of the hotels, restaurants, and shops. Some of the most exclusive residential properties in the country line in-town neighborhoods or are perched high on mountainsides with top-of-the-world views. The rich and prominent, extreme athletes, intellectuals, food and wine aficionados, music, literature, art, and nature lovers, and the curious flock to Aspen every season to partake in its lifestyle, outdoor and cultural activities, and unmatched beauty. Champagne snow covering four ski mountains, magnificent sunsets, unending trails for hiking and cycling, world-class music and ballet, gold medal rivers, premier golf courses, and public discourse addressing science, politics, and global issues bring people who feed their minds, their bodies and their spirit with the abundance Aspen has to offer. Music of all genres fills the air. Aspen is home to the Aspen Music Festival and School where musicians, conductors, and composers of the highest level of accomplishment perform throughout the summer months. Jazz Aspen Snowmass, now in its twenty-sixth year, continues to host major music festivals in early summer and at summer’s end. Its JAS Café features the best of the best jazz performers who take the stage in an intimate venue at the five-star Little Nell Hotel. Outdoor concerts abound from June through August while Belly Up brings a spectrum of live music acts to Aspen over 300 nights a year. The art scene in Aspen offers a multitude of the finest of galleries as well as the spectacular new contemporary Aspen Art Museum designed by Pritzker Prize-winning architect Shigeru Ban. The Aspen Institute, the Aspen Center for Physics, and Aspen Words bring U.S. Presidents, political figures from around the world, Nobel Prize winners, best-selling authors and poet laureates to Aspen all year long. The City attracts international speakers as well as visitors from Europe, South America, Asia, Australia, and Africa bringing cultural diversity to all corners of Aspen life. Indeed, the world comes to Aspen. If Aspen sounds as if it were an idyllic mountain town, it is.
This is a guest post authored by Climate Change Research and Adaptation Advisor Ronda Strauch as part of a quarterly new series called Climate Connections. Last year, Seattle denizens experienced multiple days in a haze of smoke. Whirling winds pulled in smoke from wildfires burning outside of Puget Sound and even as far away as Siberia. And when there was no wind, smoke settled over the area like a blanket. Only the return of Seattle’s typical westerly winds allowed the smoke to clear. Will we be smoked out in Seattle again this summer? Many factors make it seem likely. To begin with, we had a cold, dry winter. Spring kicked off with March precipitation at 37% of normal levels and days near 80°F, matching temperatures in Tucson at the time. The official start of the 2019 Washington wildfire season began in March, a very early onset. That month, 54 wildfires ignited in Washington and all but one were west of the Cascade Mountains, according to Washington Department of Natural Resources. This year’s weather so far has left us with a water deficit—and that means dry soils and dry forests. We are looking at a thirsty kickoff to the summer season. NOAA’s Climate Prediction Center is forecasting a warm, dry summer, consistent with a weak El Niño. The National Interagency Fire Center has issued an outlook for “above normal significant wildland fire potential” for Western Washington. Conditions are ripe for wildfire and smoke close to home, portending a possible repeat of a smoky Seattle summer. Climate Change’s Connection to Smoke While we can’t attribute a single smoke event to climate change, over the long-term, climate change can increase the odds of smoky conditions. As the climate continues to warm, the total area burned in Washington’s forests is estimated to increase fourfold by the 2040s. This is primarily because warming temperatures can lead to drier conditions and drier vegetation that easily ignites. These conditions will lengthen the fire season and thus, the duration of smoke production. Declines in forest health linked to climate change can also increase the intensity of a fire, which in turn affects the chemistry, quantity and distribution of its accompanying smoke. There is uncertainty if smoke will impact Seattle, particularly coming from out of state. Of course, there is a chance we may see no smoke this summer. Let’s hope for that. How Smoke Affects City Light Smoke can have numerous impacts on people and business, including City Light. Smoke leads to poor air quality, reduced visibility and damaged equipment. Particles found in smoke make it difficult for City Light employees and contractors to breathe, particularly for those who live with asthma, chronic bronchitis or reduced lung functions. Reduced visibility due to smoke can also challenge inspections of City Light facilities, including transmission lines and dams, where clear visibility is required. Also, here’s a little-known fact: heavy smoke can conduct electricity. Therefore, dense smoke near a transmission line can create a conductive path that can increase the potential for a “flashover.” Flashover or arc flash can occur with ionization of the air as voltage jumps across air gaps between powerlines or to the ground. Smoke is attracted to high voltages and can build fragile carbon bridges that conduct leakage currents. Finally, smoke can settle on equipment and lead to reduced efficiencies or failure. A recent study of residential energy use during years with and without smoke in Seattle found that City Light’s load during summer was better predicted when considering air quality. This suggests that our customers might be buying air conditioners and purifiers when they can’t open their windows because of smoke. City Light is Adapting One positive effect of our recent smoky summers is that City Light now has some experience dealing with these smoke events. We have learned from them and can continue to implement adaptations to better cope with smoke. As a utility, there are actions we can take to reduce our vulnerability and prepare for the impacts of climate change. Adaptation includes using personal protective equipment (PPE) per guidance from our Safety, Health, and Wellness Division to minimize employee exposure to smoke. We can increase flexibility in our inspections to accommodate smoke delays. The advanced education of emergency responders on needed precautions while working near electrical equipment during dense smoke provides greater capacity for handling smoky conditions. Additional preparation includes retrofits or adjustments to equipment that might be sensitive to smoke exposure. Securing contracts from our suppliers prior to needing materials will also better prepare us for potential smoke conditions. As the public adapts to smoke through air conditioners and purifiers, City Light prepares through our long-term planning for shifting energy demand. Proactive planning and flexibility can reduce our vulnerability and minimize risks from smoke… Kind of like having a “plan B” vacation spot this summer. (Maybe one that’s less smoky.) Resources for More Information Washington Smoke Information –blogspot Ronda Strauch joined Seattle City Light in July 2018 as a Climate Change Research and Adaptation Advisor in the Science Policy Unit of the Environment, Land and Licensing Business Unit. She recently obtained her PhD from the University of Washington in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, specializing in landslide and hydrologic modeling. When time allows, Ronda enjoys gardening, hiking, kayaking, and mountain climbing.
When we listen to a foreign language, we may hear sounds which do not exist in our mother tongue, and may sound different from anything we have ever heard before. The first time we hear something new, a foreign sound or word—even an unknown word in our own languages—something in it may provoke delight or revulsion. Often with familiar words, it’s almost impossible to simply look at one and separate it from its meaning. Words like “putrid” or “disgusting” have nasty connotations already built in to our subconscious and therefore meaning will play a key role. However, when we learn a new language, we encounter words free of associations and connotations in our mind. This presents an opportunity for researchers to determine what’s in a word itself that the mind finds pleasing or unpleasant. From a very young age, everyone is exposed to music and to language, and every culture has its local variants of both. We all perceive words in different ways. How we feel about different words, whether we like the sound of some of them more than others, will depend mostly on what experiences in our life we attach to them and how people in our community use those words. The British linguist David Crystal conducted some research on phonaesthetics, the study of what makes certain sounds beautiful, and noted that the most popular words have positive connotations—no surprises there. But what’s interesting is what these words have in common: two or three syllables, short vowels, easy-to-produce consonantal sounds such as /l/, /s/ and /m/. None of these sounds—or “phonemes”—require much energy or effort to be pronounced and so evoke natural and peaceful tones. Some examples are: autumn, melody, lullaby, velvet, luminous, tranquil, marigold, whisper, gossamer, caress. For centuries, the repetition of certain sounds in literature has been popular in poetry, often with the aim of mimicking nature to elicit moods and feelings. Both in English and Spanish poems, words where /s/ is a prominent sound symbolize the hissing sound of the the wind or the sea, and words with nasal sounds like /m/ are soothing and mellow, like a soft murmur. Separating meaning from words In the English language, the very same word will sound differently when pronounced by speakers of different areas, within the UK and abroad. Geography not only affects the way a word sounds but also its meaning—like “close”, which describes proximity and the feeling in the air immediately before a storm. When we hear a word, the way we perceive it will be influenced not only by denotation but also by connotation. Understandably, words associated with positive experiences will be perceived as pleasing. However, the way our experiences influence what words we like remains fluid throughout life. For the last 20 years or so, I have witnessed this with my Spanish beginner students. If we effectively “conquer” a word, it becomes a word we like to say and hear. Sounds that at the start of the course British students struggled with – /θ/, /x/, /ɲ/, the rolled /r/ and /ʧ/—because they are scarce or do not exist in their mother tongue, became more popular by the end of the year. There are also words which students used to find challenging at the start of their course but after some months have grown confident using and pronouncing with the kind of pride that arises from knowledge, hard work, and learning, regardless of the word’s connotations. This is particularly striking in the example of “desafortunadamente.” This means “unfortunately” in Spanish. Desafortunadamente therefore has obvious negative connotations, but learners of a new language are more likely to experience disassociation with a word from its meaning, which rarely happens in your mother tongue. Speakers of a new language can therefore enjoy a word on its own merits, disregarding its connotations. When I teach pronunciation and intonation to Spanish beginners, I use the word “jeringuilla” as an example. It has all the makings of a word our brains love—syllables that flow, short vocalic sounds, /n/ and the strong Spanish /x/, which offers a worthy challenge for a native English speaker—but imagine their surprise when they learn it actually means “syringe”…
Athlete's foot (Tinea pedis) is a skin infection of the foot caused by a fungus known as ringworm. Although it's not dangerous, it's contagious and spreads easily in warm and moist environments. Athletes and gym-goers are more likely to get this infection by walking barefoot in communal showers at gyms and pools. Athlete’s foot is easily treatable with products you can buy at your local pharmacy. The associated symptoms, though they are often annoying and can sometimes be disruptive to your daily life, usually resolve after a few weeks of treatment. What are the signs of athlete’s foot? An athlete’s foot infection can cause cracked skin on the soles of the feet and between toes. You may also see some flaky white patches and red inflamed areas of skin. The affected skin will often feel itchy and sore and you may see some blood from cracks in the skin. What are the causes of athlete’s foot? Thousands of different types of bacteria and fungus live on the surface of our skin which acts as a barrier, keeping these microbes out of the body. Sometimes, when this barrier is broken by injuries or small cracks, microbes gain access to the body and cause infection. Factors affecting the skin’s effectiveness as a barrier can increase the risk of getting athlete’s foot. These include: - Wet feet, especially if the skin stays wet or becomes wrinkled. This includes excessive sweating of the feet - Cuts and cracks, often seen in people with eczema - Walking or standing over an infected area such as communal showers and changing rooms What can I do to manage athlete's foot? There are a few things you can do to help treat athlete's foot: - Avoid scratching affected areas. This may drive the infection deeper into the skin, as well as opening up new cracks, spreading the infection - Dry your feet after washing, especially between the toes - Choose socks and shoes that allow your feet to breathe - Change your socks daily - Use a clean towel every day and don't share towels with others As the fungus that causes this infection is quite contagious, these measures will probably not be enough to get rid of athlete's foot on their own. You will also need to use a treatment designed to work on athlete's foot. Consult your pharmacist who will able to help you choose a suitable product and advise you on how to use it. Which treatments are available for athlete’s foot? Medicines for athlete’s foot come in a variety of forms, including sprays, creams and powders. These contain an anti-fungal ingredient and are available over the counter. Wash and dry your feet carefully before applying the product and apply a small amount, completely covering the affected area and surrounding skin. Make sure you read the information on the packaging and the leaflet inside for instructions on using the product. If you think you may be having an allergic reaction to the treatment, stop applying the product immediately and seek advice from your Doctor as soon as possible When should I see my Doctor? If your symptoms persist in spite of the above treatments, consider making an appointment with your Doctor. You should also visit your Doctor if you find that the infection has spread to areas above the feet. Occasionally, the damage to the skin caused by athlete's foot can cause further infections. These secondary infections are usually bacterial (rather than fungal) and often cause more intense symptoms. These may need to be treated with antibiotics. You should see your Doctor if you have symptoms like: - Increased redness in the skin - Pain in the skin If you have diabetes or a condition that lowers your immunity, such as having chemotherapy, visit your Doctor for advice on how to treat your athlete’s foot. If your symptoms persist, your Doctor may consider referring you to a dermatologist for further treatment. How can I prevent athlete's foot? A few simple measures are usually enough to significantly decrease your chances of getting athlete's foot: - Avoid walking barefoot. This is particularly important if your feet are wet or if you have cracked skin. Consider wearing flip flops or plastic sandals in communal showers and changing rooms - Wash your feet daily and take care to dry your skin carefully, especially between the toes - Avoid putting on socks when your feet are still wet and change your socks every day. Choose socks made of cotton rather than synthetic fabrics to help your feet breathe - Ideally, avoid wearing the same shoes for more than two consecutive days. Let shoes dry out before putting them on again - In clean areas, wear open shoes or flip flops to allow your feet to breathe and remain dry - Do not share towels with anyone, even family members Which conditions have similar symptoms to athlete's foot? If you find that your athlete's foot is not clearing even with treatment, it might be worth considering that your symptoms are caused by something different than a fungal infection, such as: - Eczema which presents with scaly, dry, cracked skin. It causes itching, soreness and can increases the risk of bacterial infections, especially if you scratch it - Hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating) of the feet. This is most common in teenagers and pregnant women. This condition makes the skin wet and brittle, and, while it does not need treatment with anti-fungals, this condition can increase the likelihood of developing athlete's foot - Verrucas, corns and calluses cause hard skin which can crack and produce flakes. They may also be painful. Your pharmacist can help you find a suitable product to treat these skin problems What are the next steps? - To prevent athlete's foot, avoid walking barefoot in damp communal areas and keep your feet dry - Ask your pharmacist for advice on treatment options - Visit your Doctor if symptoms persist or get worse
A tough economy is a mild period of falling incomes and rising unemployment, and more serious is a despair. Earlier we talked about traditional economics and traditional dichotomy and money neutrality. If the nominal variables changed, real variables still wouldn’t be changed. However, in the short-run, traditional theory will not apply. It takes time for all prices to modify always. Thus, we build the style of aggregate demand and aggregate supply. On the x-axis is the real GDP, the quantity of output. Over the y-axis is the CPI/GDP deflator, the average degree of prices. Understand that this is not simply another supply and demand graph, this is macroeconomics. The aggregate demand curve slopes downward, but why? The purchase price level and usage (wealth impact): a decrease in price level boosts the buck value making consumers wealthier and more willing to invest, increasing volume demanded. - It is rather easy to discover a job here and get a work permit/pass - Hedge Fund Strategy Guide - 07-20-2019, 09:01 AM - A copy of the register of people from the date you apply for advance assurance - 1,500 Chevening Scholarships 2020/2021 in UK for Developing Countries… - ► January 2012 (2) The price level and investment (interest rate effect): a reduction in price level reduces interest rate (since households save more as their money will probably be worth more), and causes more investment and therefore causes greater level of goods/services demanded. The purchase price level and net exports (exchange rate effect): a reduction in price level makes the money depreciate and increases net exports, thus making the quantity of goods and services demanded increase. Why might the aggregate demand curve shift? We discuss the aggregate supply curve Now. Over time, the aggregate supply curve is vertical because it represents a country’s real GDP and depends upon its supplies of labor, capital, and natural resources and on its available technology. This agrees with money neutrality (when price level changes, real GDP doesn’t change). Note that brief run fluctuations in result and price level should only be viewed as deviations from continuing long term trends of output growth and inflation. How come the short term aggregate supply curve slope upwards? The short term aggregate supply curve shifts from changes in the expected price level. A rise in the expected price level reduces the number of goods and services supplied and shifts brief tun aggregate source curve left, and this statement works conversely as well. If the aggregate demand curve shifts, for example to the left, output falls in the short run to be able to keep up equilibrium with the short run aggregate supply. Since price level has fallen below expectations, the short term aggregate supply curve shifts to the right eventually, bringing output back again to where in fact the graph began at the long term aggregate supply curve. Policy makers could shorten the recession period by trying to increase aggregate demand curve by increasing federal government spending for example. If the short run aggregate supply curve shifts, output temporarily decreases and price level raises. A wage-price spiral could occur, where employees demand more wages as prices increase. This causes a rise in companies’ costs and makes the source curve shift even more to the left. However, this eventually prevents when the lower level of result and increased work finally make wages decrease. The change eventually then reverses another to equilibrium where output is back in the beginning at the long term aggregate supply curve. Policymakers could potentially mitigate the impact of the aggregate source curve shift by increasing the aggregate demand so that equilibrium remains at the natural rate of result (called accommodating change). This causes a rise in price level though still.
This article is part of an ongoing BULLETIN series exploring GE’s innovation, technology, and manufacturing initiatives in India. The new Indian government has promised to put the economy back on an accelerated growth path with reforms in the energy, financial, and employment sectors. Energy is the backbone of the Indian economy, so the right energy policies will spur growth in all other sectors. Already the world’s fourth largest energy consumer, there is an urgent need to get the policy right: current demand for imported coal, oil, and natural gas is significantly outpacing domestic production, and the country is being forced to spend valuable foreign capital to procure additional energy resources. Investing in domestic oil and natural gas exploration is a long-term solution that will help quench India’s growing energy demands, smartly. To understand India’s energy landscape–and the increasing importance of domestic energy production–consider the following facts: Coal: From 9.5% of overall coal consumption in 2005, imports made up 29.5% of coal consumed in 2013, with the imported resources costing twice as much as those produced domestically. Natural Gas: India’s demand for natural gas is expected to rise 10% this fiscal year as local production flags (though there are ambitious expansion plans) and imports approach nearly a third of total consumption. Oil: In 2005 India imported 76.5% of the 130 million metric tons of oil it consumed. Recent trends don’t suggest more self-sufficiency; it imported 85% of its 223 MMT of consumed oil in 2013. As lower oil prices create a budget windfall, India still faces annual import bills in the $100 billion ranges, not to mention incentives for increased oil dependency as prices fall—for now. Furthermore, since oil and natural gas also play a critical role in deciding the inflation rate, the rising prices for these energy commodities have long been a point of contention in Indian politics. India does not have to remain this dependent on foreign energy commodities. An estimated 75% of India’s sedimentary basins have yet to be adequately explored. Of the 26 known sedimentary basins in the country, only seven are currently producing oil and gas. Since 1950, roughly 69 trillion cubic feet of proven and probable recoverable gas reserves have been discovered in India. However, only 42 trillion cubic feet have been developed and are currently under production. That leaves 18 trillion cubic feet of reserves yet to be produced and 27 trillion cubic feet of reserves yet to be developed. According to an analysis of 12 basins across India, approximately 64 trillion cubic feet of risked recoverable resources are yet to be found. Thus, India holds at least 91 trillion cubic feet of recoverable gas reserves. On top of conventional gas reserves, India also holds an estimated 63 trillion cubic feet of recoverable shale gas. While these reserves are considered to be a secondary energy option, Indian agencies are encouraging exploration, and leading companies, such as ONGC and OIL, have implemented pilot projects to assess the shale opportunity. India’s energy future remains hidden in unexplored, difficult-to-access basins across the country. Technological advancements make exploration and discovery of these reserves possible, though recent issues such as fuel-stranded power plants highlight logistical and infrastructure challenges. With further incentive from India to take on these exploratory and expansion projects, there is an incredible opportunity to narrow India’s energy imbalance and reinvest the nearly $306,000,000 spent daily on foreign energy sources. GE is supporting these efforts through a commitment to oil and gas innovation and the introduction of technologies that reduce dependence on foreign energy.
This video shows a team of educators in Los Angeles and a facilitator in New Hampshire using the Question Formulation Technique (QFT) with groups of parents. They work together to generate key questions about students and schools. The video provides a step-by-step guide – in condensed form – to using the QFT in a group setting. Julene Spinosa, a fourth-grade teacher in Los Angeles, tells one group, “You’ve been in workshops where people in front of you stand, and they’re the expert. Well, that’s not happening tonight folks, because you’re going to be the experts.” Parents in Rochester, New Hampshire, use the QFT to address a Question Focus: “Your child might be held back in the same grade for one more year.” In Los Angeles, parents consider a different Question Focus: “Your child’s school environment.” The video addresses rules for producing questions, open- and closed-ended questions, prioritization, and action plans. Parents work collaboratively and reflect on the value of asking questions, and parents and educators share insights on the value of the QFT for building school-family partnerships.
Eco Council invites responsible use of resources in April At a time when the Earth’s resources are diminishing ever faster, it has never been more important to focus on responsible consumption, production and reproduction. This concept, firmly embedded in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), in particular SDG 12, calls for a step change in the way we produce, consume and think about resources. It is about creating more with less, minimising our impact on the environment and ensuring that our planet can sustain future generations. But what does this really mean and how can we as individuals contribute to this ambitious effort? What is responsible consumption and production? Responsible Consumption and Production aims to promote more efficient use of resources and energy, sustainable infrastructure and access to basic services, green and decent jobs and a better quality of life for all. This includes considering the life cycle of products and services, from development to disposal, and choosing practices that not only reduce waste and environmental impact, but also ensure ethical treatment of workers along the production chain. Recommendations for responsible consumption and production Adopting a lifestyle centred on responsible consumption and production can seem daunting at first, but by taking small, easy steps, it becomes an achievable and rewarding task. Here are some tips to help you take action: - Prioritise needs over wants: Consider whether you really need something before you buy it. This simple question can significantly reduce impulse buying and overconsumption. - Choose sustainable products: If possible, choose products made from sustainable or recycled materials and those that can be repaired or improved. - Reduce, reuse, recycle: Reduce waste by choosing products with minimal packaging, e.g. by buying food from convenience stores. Reuse items instead of throwing them away, and recycle or donate items you no longer intend to use whenever possible. - Support ethical brands: Research and support brands that are committed to ethical practices, fair working conditions and environmental sustainability. - Save energy and water: Simple actions such as turning off lights when not in use and choosing energy efficient appliances can make a big difference. While individual action may seem like a drop in the ocean, collective efforts can achieve significant environmental, economic and social benefits. If we become more conscious about our consumption patterns and their impact on the world, we are paving the way for a more sustainable, just and prosperous future. It is a marathon worth running for the sake of our planet, society and ourselves.
RMC Personnel Training with the Thomas Splint \| By James Patton The Thomas splint is an orthopedic appliance used to stabilize a fractured leg to minimize further damage, pain, and bleeding during transportation to a surgical facility. It was developed in 1875 by the Welsh physician Hugh Owen Thomas (1834–1891), who is known as the pioneer in Britain in orthopedic surgery. Although Thomas didn’t actually make one of these devices himself, he described it in his book entitled Diseases of the Hip, Knee and Ankle Joints with Their Deformities, Treated by a New and Efficient Method, published in 1876. Thomas was a homeopathic physician and believed that the body could heal itself if put in a state of rest. The device described by Thomas consisted of a metal ring which was wrapped in leather and fitted around the top of the leg at the groin, then attached by two cylindrical metal rods to another ring that was fastened around the ankle. A simpler design was also used in which the rods and ankle ring were replaced by a single piece of metal bent in a u-shape that hooked around the boot and fastened to the proximal ring. At least two adjustable straps of leather would be tightened around the long rods to secure the leg to the splint. In battlefield situations these straps were often supplemented by roll puttees. A distal cross piece made of bent metal could be attached to the rods to suspend the leg in the air, and at times there was also a proximal cross piece to achieve full suspension. The overall effect of the Thomas splint is that longitudinal tension is applied to the leg, which tends to align and straighten it. Hugh Thomas and Robert Jones \| In 1915, Thomas’s nephew Sir Robert Jones, MD (1857–1933), himself a prominent early orthopedist, was mobilized into the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC). Upon observing what was happening at the front, he advocated the introduction of the Thomas splint as an aid in the transport of patients. He maintained that this practice would greatly reduce the aggravation of the injury, infection, and pain that was resulting from the inevitable rough handling of the wounded prior to their arrival at a Casualty Clearing Station. He also noted that leaving the affected limb in the splint could allow a surgeon 360 °-access to the leg. The RAMC quickly adopted the device, and by 1918 it was noted that the mortality rate from compound fractures of the femur had been reduced from 87 percent to 8 percent, although other improvements in treatment protocols and procedures also contributed to this result. Later, the Pearson attachment was added to the splint. This attaches to the splint at the knee and enables the balanced suspension of the leg. Although over the years changes have been made to the design of the device, primarily being the substitution of modern materials, the Thomas splint is still in use today. I’ve been told that the RAMC Field Orthopedic Kit that is issued today contains one Thomas splint.
Exploring Practical AI Applications in Real Life Scenarios We all know that Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing how we live and work and transforming our world socially, economically, and politically. AI algorithms have the ability to understand, think logically, and fix their own mistakes. AI applications in real life have progressed dramatically in recent years and may now be found in practically every business industry. Many programs and services that assist us in doing routine tasks in several disciplines, such as healthcare, agriculture, finance, and manufacturing, are now driven by AI. In this essay, we will discuss the remarkable progress of AI in effectively utilizing various resources and its fast-paced improvement in several real-life applications. Artificial Intelligence (AI) nowadays has transformed into a significant trend, and we can hear about AI applications in real life in various fields, from healthcare to finance systems and from manufacturing to agriculture. Artificial intelligence generally refers to the replication of human intellectual processes by machines, particularly computer systems. Through an ingenious combination of computer science, algorithms, machine learning as a service, and data science, AI can solve tasks with performance comparable to human experts. In other words, AI includes any system with the ability to sense, reason, engage, and learn, which can be used in various majors such as Planning, Robotics, Vision, Speech, Expert Systems, Natural Language Processing, etc. Figure 1 shows the AI landscape and its main seven subsets. One of the main AI classes is machine learning (ML). ML is a subset of AI that provides intelligence to machines with the capability to learn automatically from experience. Machine Learning is based on the notion that machines can learn from past data, recognize patterns, and make decisions using algorithms. Going further, Deep Learning (DL) represents a subclass of ML. The concept of Deep Learning draws its inspiration from the way biological neurons process information. As a result, Deep Learning can provide AI agents with the ability to mimic the human brain. The system becomes independent of an expert's ability to detect and extract distinguishing features between objects of interest by employing numerous layers to gradually extract higher-level features from the raw input. In the past, applying AI in real life was about greater success, but it has been almost a decade since adopting AI technology became necessary for enterprises' survival. Artificial intelligence-based technologies are currently widely employed in a variety of applications. This essay will take a close look at four applications: healthcare, finance, agriculture, and manufacturing. Aside from these uses, AI plays an essential role in various other disciplines, including education, lifestyle, ecology, navigation, robotics, human resources, gaming, social media, astronomy, travel and transportation, and many more. Artificial intelligence may assist educators in automating administrative duties, digitizing course content, and monitoring pupils. In terms of lifestyle, AI has a significant impact, such as delivering accurate spam filters, facial recognition, and recommender systems. Blind recruiting is aided by artificial intelligence. One may assess apps using machine learning tools depending on certain factors. AI-powered systems may scan job candidate profiles and resumes to offer recruiters with an overview of the talent pool from which to pick. In a nutshell, the integration of AI into various sectors has ignited a transformative wave of innovation. One of the applications of machine learning in ecology is biodiversity monitoring, which involves species identification and population tracking. These actions contribute to surveillance efforts. Figure 2 shows the companies that have AI products and services in various applications, particularly in healthcare, finance, manufacturing, and agriculture. You can observe various companies such as providing state-of-the-art technology in the aforementioned fields in picture. For instance: AssemblyAI, C3, Width, Saiwa, MURF, OpenAI, and MonkeyLearn. AI has demonstrated its potential to make tasks more streamlined and significantly closer to perfection. In the sequel, we will explore how AI establishes itself as an indispensable tool in each of the aforementioned areas. AI Applications in Real Life Recently, Artificial Intelligence has increasingly become an integral part of medicine and healthcare systems. Here, doctors and experts hold AI methods such as image processing techniques, in high regard as a pivotal area in medical science. AI is now extensively employed to support diverse medical tasks, and each day brings innovative and beneficial advancements in this field. In particular, AI plays a significant role in enhancing medical imaging, enabling early detection and diagnosis, and providing surgical assistance, among other duties. One of the standout AI applications in real life involves assisting in improving the accuracy and clarity of medical images, including MRI, CT scans, and X-rays. This advancement leads to better visualization of abnormalities. Typically medical images require enhancements to achieve a better diagnosis. Consequently, notable image processing algorithms like denoising, deblurring, and resolution enhancement play a significant role in this field. Alongside these interpretations, AI also plays a critical role in other aspects of the medical field. One of the most famous examples of this is about predicting, especially contagious diseases like the effective measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic to prevent its excessive spread. When the COVID-19 epidemic struck, it made things extremely difficult for healthcare. However, it prompted many healthcare organizations throughout the world to experiment with novel approaches to employ AI such as monitoring and screening patients. One of the most common uses of AI applications in real life is in the financial field. Artificial intelligence’s influence on the finance sector spans diverse domains, revolutionizing traditional practices with its advanced capabilities. Obviously, AI is caused a significant shift in the financial industry. It's clear that it will indeed alter the way banks, financial institutions, and investors conduct their operations, entirely. Here, we aim to review some of the most common AI applications in finance and explore how they are changing the industry. For instance, customers seeking assistance with wealth management products may simply obtain the information they want via SMS text messaging, or online chat, both of which are driven by AI. Recently, AI has been employed in algorithmic trading. Several methods, such as sentiment analysis, predictive modeling, high-frequency trading, etc., can effectively analyze market patterns, detect trends and make predictions about future prices. Moreover, critical issues exist within the finance industry and one concern about this is financial fraud and some illegal practices. Fortunately, AI has offered solutions for this predicament. It can analyze actions and apply useful AI algorithms such as anomaly detection, identification verification, and pattern recognition to identify and prevent the risk of fraud in the market which humans can easily miss, thus saving businesses and individuals from significant loss. Additionally, it’s noteworthy that the use of AI applications in finance has decreased the investment failure risk in this field. Agriculture stands as one of the most ancient and crucial sectors globally. The world's population is rapidly growing, and the need for food is on the rise. Combining the terms AI and agriculture might appear as a strange pairing. However, AI has transformed into a milestone in this field lately. AI has embarked on a journey that is becoming a revolution in agriculture. Nowadays, due to developing technology and flowing the Ai applications in real life, farmers can not only monitor the health of their crops using AI-powered drones but also, recently, it has become clear that AI can improve agricultural decision-making. Specifically, farmers can make better decisions and analyze their farming methods using AI technology, which leads to heightened efficiency in agriculture. Algorithms such as plant counting or counting trees are utilized to determine their effectiveness. Artificial intelligence is utilized to detect soil flaws and nutrient deficits. AI-enabled drones (Figure 3) can identify where weeds are growing using computer vision and machine learning techniques. AI bots can assist in harvesting crops at a higher volume and rate than human employees. AI has had a notable impact on the manufacturing sector, enhancing the manufacturing process through various improvements brought about by the utilization of state-of-the-art artificial intelligence algorithms. There are numerous potential applications in this field. AI is being utilized in manufacturing to automate operations, optimize production, and enhance quality control. Additionally, AI improves defect detection by using advanced image processing methods to automatically categorize imperfections across a wide range of industrial items. For instance, AI is used for quality assurance and inspections through the implementation of computer vision. This technology utilizes advanced cameras to monitor each stage of manufacturing, enabling the identification of defects with the assistance of AI. While it's one of the most useful applications of AI in manufacturing, AI also is used in many aspects of industry and production, such as energy efficiency, data analysis, and safety monitoring. Moreover, considering the increasing data every day, this field is expected to hold greater potential for receiving positive developments in manufacturing through the use of AI applications in real life. Manufacturing processes may benefit from intelligent and smarter factories that increase efficiency while decreasing costs. AI may be used in vehicle assembly, supply chain optimization, factory floor robots, enhancing performance using sensors, designing automobiles, and post-production operations. We are currently undergoing a significant change in how we manufacture products due to the integration of digital technology into the production process. This shift is so significant that it's referred to as Industry 4.0, signifying the fourth major manufacturing revolution. The idea behind the Industry 4.0 revolution was constructed upon the three previous industrial revolutions: the initial revolution involving mechanization through water and steam power, the second revolution centered on mass production with the help of electricity, and the third revolution marked by computerization with automation. Industry 4.0 is defined by the rise of automation and the utilization of artificial intelligence in factories. In other words, Industry 4.0 is where innovation meets manufacturing, as machines are powered by artificial intelligence and factories become dramatically smarter. Without a doubt, artificial intelligence stands as a highly sustainable criterion in this major shift. Factories generate vast amounts of data, and this phenomenon is continuously increasing. As data continues to increase, the potential results that Artificial Intelligence can achieve, become even more remarkable. AI Treasure Hunt One exciting real-life application of AI is the concept of an AI Treasure Hunt. This innovative activity merges AI technologies with the thrill of scavenger hunts, providing participants with a unique, interactive experience. In an AI Treasure Hunt, artificial intelligence is used to create clues, analyze participant behavior, and dynamically adjust the difficulty of the game based on real-time data. Imagine a city-wide treasure hunt where AI systems use machine learning to generate location-specific challenges. For example, participants may receive clues on their smartphones that are personalized based on their current location, time of day, or even previous choices in the game. AI can also analyze patterns in how teams solve puzzles, making the game progressively more challenging or accessible, ensuring a fun experience for everyone. AI's ability to process vast amounts of data quickly means it can adapt the hunt in real-time, responding to participant strategies or even unforeseen events, such as changes in weather. This not only enhances engagement but also showcases In recent years, AI in Mineral Exploration has brought groundbreaking advancements, providing enhanced precision and efficiency in discovering valuable resources. By integrating data-driven insights, AI algorithms analyze geological data to predict potential mining sites, reducing the costs and environmental impact associated with traditional exploration methods. Machine learning models process vast datasets, including geophysical, geochemical, and satellite imagery, to identify patterns indicative of mineral deposits. This approach not only accelerates exploration but also minimizes risks by highlighting the most promising locations. Through its ability to process complex and diverse data, AI is transforming mineral exploration, leading to more sustainable and profitable operations in the mining industry. AI in Archaeology is transforming how we discover, analyze, and preserve ancient artifacts and sites. Through advanced machine learning and computer vision, AI can analyze satellite and drone imagery to detect potential archaeological sites in hard-to-reach areas. Algorithms also assist in interpreting ancient texts, reconstructing damaged artifacts, and identifying the origins of items, offering archaeologists new insights into historical civilizations. Furthermore, AI helps preserve sites by predicting risks based on environmental and human activity data, aiding in long-term conservation. This technology accelerates discoveries, allowing researchers to piece together history faster and more accurately, creating a richer understanding of ancient cultures and lost civilizations. The development and evolution of AI technology are happening at a rapid pace. The future of AI applications in real life may impact several aspects of human life, including: AI will help doctors identify illnesses more swiftly and precisely. AI will make new medication research more efficient and cost-effective. It will also improve patient participation in their treatment and make appointment scheduling and bill paying easier, with fewer mistakes. Adoption of AI in transportation towards fully autonomous vehicles AI will be utilized to create new solutions for pollution reduction and environmental protection. Producing new technologies for space exploration and planet colonization. AI will revolutionize the way we work by automating regular chores and freeing up human workers to pursue more creative and strategic efforts. AI will be capable of processing difficult inquiries, making tailored suggestions, and giving superior consumer experiences. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no longer just a word, it is now a very important part of our lives. It affects every aspect of society in ways that we could only imagine a few years ago. In a world undergoing digital transformation, AI has emerged as a driving force across diverse industries. Furthermore, the need for AI applications in real life is felt wherever we think, especially in healthcare, finance, agriculture, and manufacturing. In healthcare, AI refines diagnosis through advanced imaging and predictive analysis, even aiding in disease outbreak predictions, as seen during the COVID-19 pandemic. In finance, from algorithmic trading to fraud detection, AI revolutionizes operations and risk management. The agriculture industry gains renewed energy with the aid of AI-powered drones that monitor crops, and machine learning enhances decision-making. In manufacturing, AI propels smart factories with precise quality control and resource efficiency under the banner of Industry 4.0. Obviously, the future holds a deeper embrace of AI's potential as industries tap into its capabilities to redefine processes and solve complex problems. Without a doubt, artificial intelligence holds great promise for revolutionizing our lives.
Classical penology was conceived in France in the eighteenth century, and then eclipsed all over the world in the nineteenth, when Lombroso conjured up the picture of the born criminal. It was finally laid to rest in the United States in the twentieth century. Its basic tenet had been simple enough: the legislature in its infinite wisdom would seek and find the appropriate punishment for every crime.This can be accomplished if a crime is defined narrowly enough, perhaps by the creation of subcategories of that crime, so as to encompass all potential perpetrators who will each incur the same amount of criminal guilt. All perpetrators in the same subcategory are then entitled to the exact same amount of punishment in expiation of their criminal guilt. This system, so it was thought, ideally adjusts the punishment to achieve a balance between the crime and its harm and the criminal and his guilt, without going into undue subtleties of minute variations in the guilt of perpetrators in the same sub-category. Consequently the codes of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries could satisfy themselves with defining and categorizing crimes in terms of the harm created and the specific mens rea inquestion. Gerhard O.W. Mueller and Fre Le Poole, Appellate Review of Legal but Excessive Sentences: A Comparative Study, 21 Vanderbilt Law Review Available at: https://scholarship.law.vanderbilt.edu/vlr/vol21/iss4/1
Creatine is a nitrogenous organic acid that is naturally produced in the human body where it is primarily stored in the muscles to supply energy to the body’s cells. When creatine is metabolized, creatinine is produced and eliminated from the body through the kidneys. When kidneys aren’t functioning well, levels of creatine in the body is increased causing problems. Reduce Creatine Levels A person with high creatine levels is at great risk of dehydration, heart and kidney damage, and even death. To reduce creatine levels, the following are effective ways: - For a person taking creatine supplements, reduce the amount being taken. - Drink as much fluid as possible, creatine levels can be lowered by urination. - Always check one’s creatine levels by taking frequent blood tests. This will indicate if creatine is being excreted properly out of the body - Eat a proper diet that is helpful for the kidneys - If creatine levels are not controlled by diet and medication, doctors may conclude a failing of the kidneys, therefore causing the patient to begin dialysis. How to Reduce Creatine Level in Blood Due to high creatine level in the blood, certain conditions cause the kidneys to malfunction. But other than kidney disease, dehydration and urinary bladder obstruction are also reasons why blood creatine level is high. To help reduce creatine level in the blood, the following must be done: - Have a complete physical examination - Follow the doctor’s advice - Increase fluid intake - Control your diet to reduce one’s daily calorie intake. - Exercise daily - Eat foods that are good for the kidneys like lettuce, cabbage, onions, carrots, cranberries, sprouts, omega 3-rich foods, high fiber foods etc. - Decrease consumption of foods harmful for the kidneys like red meat, dairy products, caffeine containing drinks and such. - Always get a blood test of one’s creatine levels at least every year or more often of necessary. Natural Treatment for High Creatine Level in Blood To help the body excrete excess creatine, here are some measures to do. - Increase fluid intake to flush out creatinine from the kidney. - Drink cranberry juice as it is helpful in treatment of urinary tract infections. - Include vegetables in your diet like cucumber, lettuce, cauliflower and carrots. These vegetables can help manage kidney disorders. - Refrain from drinking too much alcohol. - Avoid red meat and foods rich in flour and sugar as they are likely to meddle with kidney functions. - The use of ginseng is also beneficial in reducing creatine levels in the blood. - Aloe Vera juice also enhances kidney functions. It helps to control blood sugar and blood pressure. - Exercise regularly to burn off calories.
The sweeper, often known as the "libero," has long been a key figure in soccer's defensive structure. While modern tactics have evolved, the sweeper remains an iconic symbol of solid, resolute defending. Though its role has faded in some playing styles, the sweeper's influence on soccer tactics is undeniable. In this blog post, we'll explore the role of the sweeper in soccer, its history, evolution, and the reasons it remains a revered position in the sport's defensive legacy. Keep the conversation going! Follow Soccer Wizdom on Twitter, Instagram, TikTok and Youtube for more soccer insights and updates. What is a Sweeper? The sweeper is a defensive player who operates behind the center-backs, acting as a last line of defense. Unlike traditional defenders, sweepers are not always bound to one position. They have the freedom to roam the defensive third of the field and cover spaces left by other defenders. Their primary responsibility is to clear the ball from dangerous areas and provide additional support in situations where the center-backs may be caught out of position. Essentially, the sweeper is the safety net for the team. They are tasked with mopping up any defensive mistakes or dealing with balls that have bypassed the defenders. Sweepers are typically more mobile than traditional center-backs, with an ability to read the game and anticipate the movements of the opposing attackers.The Role and Responsibilities of the Sweeper 1. Last Line of Defense The most fundamental job of the sweeper is to be the last line of defense before the goalkeeper. They operate behind the two center-backs and are tasked with clearing any balls that break through the defensive line. If a striker manages to slip past the center-backs, the sweeper is the one who steps in to prevent a shot on goal. This role requires composure, as sweepers are often under immense pressure. They must remain calm under pressure, use their judgment, and clear the ball effectively or pass it to a teammate in a better position.2. Reading the Game and Anticipating Attacks A sweeper’s effectiveness often depends on their ability to read the game. Sweepers need to understand the flow of the match, anticipate the opposing team’s movements, and position themselves accordingly. They need to be able to spot when a center-back might be caught out of position or when an attacker is about to make a dangerous run. Unlike other defenders, who are more focused on marking individual players, the sweeper often focuses on positioning and covering spaces. They must be alert to every attacking threat, whether it’s a through-ball or an attacker trying to break into the penalty box.3. Distribution and Building from the Back In addition to their defensive duties, sweepers are also responsible for initiating attacks. With their position just in front of the goalkeeper, they are often the first point of contact when transitioning from defense to attack. Sweepers must be comfortable on the ball, capable of distributing it accurately to midfielders or forwards. Many great sweepers have been exceptional ball distributors, able to launch counter-attacks with precise passes or long balls. This ability to switch play quickly is crucial in modern soccer, where teams often aim to transition rapidly from defense to offense.4. Supporting the Fullbacks Sweepers also play a critical role in supporting the fullbacks. In a traditional 4-4-2 formation, fullbacks are often required to push forward to join the attack, leaving space behind them. The sweeper is responsible for covering this space when the fullbacks venture forward. This support ensures that the defensive line remains intact, even if the fullbacks are caught high up the field. Sweepers must be aware of the fullbacks’ positioning and communicate effectively to ensure there are no gaps in the defense.The History of the Sweeper The concept of the sweeper emerged in the early 20th century, but it gained widespread prominence in the 1960s. The formation that best highlighted the sweeper’s role was the 3-5-2 system, where three central defenders formed a robust backline, with the sweeper playing as the most central and deepest of the trio. The most notable early adopter of the sweeper role was the legendary Italian defender, Gianni Rivera. He played as a sweeper for AC Milan and the Italian national team, helping define the position with his ability to read the game, intercept passes, and maintain possession. However, the true evolution of the sweeper came with Italy’s Catenaccio system, a tactical approach that prioritized defensive solidity. This system, popularized by Italian clubs in the 1960s and 1970s, relied heavily on the sweeper as the pivotal defensive player. The sweeper became a key figure in shutting down attacking threats and providing a solid defensive foundation.Famous Sweepers in Soccer History Franz Beckenbauer is perhaps the most famous sweeper in soccer history. Known as "Der Kaiser" (The Emperor), Beckenbauer revolutionized the sweeper role with his blend of defensive discipline and offensive flair. His intelligence on the ball and leadership made him an integral part of both Bayern Munich and the West German national team. Beckenbauer’s ability to carry the ball out of defense and launch attacks set him apart from other sweepers of his time. He led West Germany to victory in the 1974 World Cup, and his success at Bayern Munich cemented his legacy as one of the greatest players to ever play the sweeper role.Franco Baresi Franco Baresi, a legendary Italian defender, was another iconic sweeper who excelled at the Catenaccio system. Playing for AC Milan and the Italian national team, Baresi’s positioning, tactical awareness, and leadership made him one of the best sweepers in history. He was renowned for his ability to read the game and intercept passes, often making crucial tackles and clearances at the last moment. Baresi’s legacy as a sweeper was defined by his intelligent decision-making and his ability to marshal his defense. His performances in the 1980s and 1990s helped shape the defensive standards of European football.The Decline of the Sweeper While the sweeper was once a key figure in defensive strategies, its role has gradually declined in modern soccer. The rise of more attacking styles, such as the high press and fluid formations, has led to a shift away from traditional defensive setups like the sweeper. With teams increasingly focusing on playing out from the back with short passes, the need for a deep-lying, ball-playing sweeper has diminished. Many teams now prefer a backline of four defenders, with fullbacks who can also provide offensive support. As a result, the sweeper’s role has evolved or disappeared in favor of more specialized defensive positions. However, some teams still employ the sweeper in certain systems, especially those that emphasize defensive solidity and counter-attacking play. The sweeper remains a guardian of defensive legacy, revered for its tactical importance and historical significance.The Legacy of the Sweeper The sweeper's legacy is etched in the annals of soccer history. The tactical innovations it introduced have influenced modern defensive strategies. Even though the position has evolved or been phased out in many teams, its principles continue to inform contemporary tactics. Modern defenders may no longer play the sweeper role in the traditional sense, but the skills and qualities of the sweeper—such as reading the game, positioning, and ball distribution—are still valuable assets. Today’s central defenders often have to possess these qualities to thrive in the modern game, particularly as teams continue to prioritize versatility and the ability to adapt to different situations. The sweeper will always be remembered as a cornerstone of defensive strategy. Its role as a last line of defense, a reader of the game, and a distributor of the ball set the foundation for the evolution of modern defending. The legacy of the sweeper lives on, inspiring defenders to approach the game with intelligence, composure, and adaptability.Keep the conversation going! Follow Soccer Wizdom on Twitter, Instagram, TikTok and Youtube for more soccer insights and updates.