Input: Its C-terminal catalytic domain was found to be highly conserved in the homologues p140 (ras-GRF) and Sos.

ras

GRF

Sos


Input: 356, 93-98].


Input: In assays with purified enzymes, wild-type but not PTPS-S19A was a specific substrate for the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK) type I and II.

PTPS

cGMP-dependent protein kinase (cGK) type I and II


Input: R., Fleischmann, R., Venter, J.


Input: The N-terminal domain of approximately 70 kDa exhibits 11 imperfect amino acid repeats that show some homology to promastigote surface glycoproteins of the psa2/gp46 complex.


Input: In contrast to previously characterized proteophosphoglycans, the ppg1 gene product is predominantly membrane-associated and it is expressed on the promastigote cell surface.


Input: Most important, infection of the cells with an adenoviral construct expressing this mutant inhibited the induction of VEGF mRNA under conditions that mimic hypoxia.

VEGF mRNA


Input: Neuregulin stimulates ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4, members of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases.

Neuregulin

ErbB family

receptor tyrosine kinases


Input: Our results suggest that Anu2p is the yeast homologue of mammalian epsilon-COP and the abrupt accumulation of the ER membrane caused by a blockage of the early protein transport pathway leads to alteration of nuclear morphology of the budding yeast cells.

yeast homologue of mammalian epsilon-COP


Input: In PC12 cells, nerve growth factor induces neuronal differentiation and repressed expression of nrg-1.

nerve growth factor


Input: In a PC12 cell mutant that is deficient in protein kinase A activity (AB. 11), all three differentiating agents were unable to down-regulate nrg-1 mRNA.

protein kinase A

nrg-1 mRNA


Input: TSC1 mutations include two nonsense mutations, four insertions, and three splice mutations.

TSC1 mutations


Input: Twelve patients without abnormalities in the PTT are assumed to harbor missense mutations, probably in TSC2.


Input: The first algorithm, FOREPROJ, is a fast-forward projection algorithm that allows calculation of the 3-D attenuation correction factors (ACF' s) directly from a two-dimensional (2-D) transmission scan, without first reconstructing the attenuation map and then performing a 3-D forward projection.


Input: The RMR was measured twice in each phase and found to be similar (F (1, 18) = 0. 863) across the follicular (5018 kJ/24 h) and the luteal (5098 kJ/24 h) phases.


Input: In gel mobility shift assays, we found no evidence for VDR-TR heterodimer interaction with any tested element.

VDR

TR


Input: The relative importance of these two mechanisms differed in a response element-specific manner.


Input: After 14 d of overfeeding, hepatic PL profiles were identical in the two breeds and similar to that in control livers; choline-containing PL accounted for 95% of total PL.


Input: C-SP duration was significantly reduced in ALS patients compared to controls at low stimulation intensity corresponding to an MEP threshold increased by 15%.


Input: These data show that the spv virulence genes belong simultaneously to several regulons in the cell, raising the possibility that spv expression can be fine-tuned in response to multiple environmental inputs.

spv virulence genes

spv


Input: Intensive synthesis of PNA in the cells of microvascular wall evidenced of their high functional activity, and the synthesis of DNA in them showed their ability for proliferation, i. g.--for growth.

PNA


Input: Tracheal transsection combined with hilar ligation (TL & PL) effected a reduction of 19. 9% (n. s.).


Input: Kinase-deficient erbB proteins reduced epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of endogenous Shc proteins and also reduced immediate and sustained EGF-induced ERK MAPK activities in human glioblastoma cells, although basal ERK MAPK activities were unaffected.

erbB proteins

epidermal growth factor

EGF

Shc proteins

EGF-induced ERK MAPK

ERK MAPK


Input: Using immunolocalization, we observe that ACE3, a 440-bp chorion element that contains information sufficient to drive amplification, directs DmORC localization in follicle cells.

DmORC


Input: Therefore, homozygous co-deletions of CDKN2A and CDKN2B rather than mutations targeting individual transcripts are frequently selected for in these tumors.


Input: Here, we show that aortic explants isolated from PPARalpha-null mice display an exacerbated response to inflammatory stimuli, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), as demonstrated by increased IL-6 secretion.

PPARalpha


Input: Albumin expression is maintained in the liver by a combination of liver-enriched transcription factors such as CAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) alpha and C/EBPbeta.

CAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) alpha

C/EBPbeta


Input: The requirement for proteolytic activity of both FVIIa and FXa suggests that protease-activated receptors may be involved.

FVIIa

FXa


Input: Amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) is the main constituent of amyloid fibrils found in senile plaques and cerebral vessels in Alzheimer' s disease (AD) and is derived by proteolysis from the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP).

Amyloid beta-protein

Abeta

beta-amyloid precursor protein

APP


Input: The importin alpha. beta heterodimer mediates nuclear import of proteins containing classical nuclear localization signals.

importin alpha. beta heterodimer


Input: The expressed G1-G2 bound to both hyaluronan and link protein indicating that the immunoglobulin-fold motif and proteoglycan tandem repeat loops of the G1 domain were correctly folded.

link protein

immunoglobulin-fold motif

G1 domain


Input: The results suggest that the presence or absence per se of keratan sulfate on native G1-G2 does not affect the activity of atrolysin C toward the two sites.


Input: Despite i. v. steroid therapy, [NOexh] remained elevated throughout recovery (37. 9 +/-4. 8 ppb, p < 0. 001) until discharge (40. 9 +/-4. 3 ppb, p < 0. 001).


Input: It contains binding sites for several transcription factors, for example: (i) a well-characterized binding site for rel/NF-kappaB transcription factors in its 3'-end (the H2TF1 or kappaB1 element), (ii) a second kappaB site (the kappaB2 element), which is located immediately adjacent 5' to the H2TF1 element and which is recognized by p65/relA in the human HLA system, and (iii) an AP-1/ATF recognition sequence in the 5' end (EnA-TRE).

rel

NF-kappaB

kappaB1 element

kappaB site

kappaB2 element

H2TF1 element

relA

human HLA

ATF

EnA-TRE


Input: The tumorigenic E1A + cHa-ras cells are characterized by high and constitutive DNA binding activities of AP-1, in contrast to nontransformed cells and the E1A cells.

cHa-ras


Input: The yeast C-type cyclin Ume3p/Srb11p and its cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) Ume5p are required for the full repression of genes involved in the stress response or meiosis.

C-type cyclin Ume3p

cyclin-dependent kinase

Cdk


Input: In particular, the S1' specificity site is a deep and highly hydrophobic cavity.

S1' specificity site


Input: FZD4 is homologous to FZD9 and FZD10, and overall amino acid identity is as follows: FZD4 vs FZD9, 51. 6%; FZD4 vs FZD10, 51. 2%; FZD9 vs FZD10, 65. 7%.


Input: The NF-kappaB responsive reporter construct, (PRDII) (4)-CAT, was used to explore transcription resulting from NF-kappaB activated by Tat.

NF-kappaB

(PRDII) (4)

CAT

NF-kappaB

Tat


Input: The RNA transcripts structurally equivalent to I (2) sgRNAs of TMV U1 and crTMV, but containing a hairpin structure (H) immediately upstream of IRES (MP, 75) (HIRES (MP), (75) (CR)-MP-CP-3' UTR; HIRES (MP, 75) (U1)-MP-CP-3' UTR), were able to express the MP gene in vitro.

I (2) sgRNAs

TMV U1

IRES (MP, 75) (HIRES (MP), (75) (CR)-MP-CP-3' UTR

HIRES (MP, 75) (U1)-MP-CP-3' UTR

MP gene


Input: EIAV LTR sequence variability is confined mostly to a small portion of the enhancer within the U3 segment of the LTR.

EIAV LTR sequence


Input: The core of this enhancer contains two evolutionarily conserved binding sites for the homeodomain protein Tinman (Tin), expressed in developing cardiac, somatic, and visceral muscle lineages.

homeodomain protein Tinman

Tin


Input: Furthermore, the striking ability of polyoma middle T antigens to promote retinoic acid-induced differentiation appears to utilize ERK, but not JNK/SPK or p38 signaling.

polyoma middle T antigens

ERK

JNK

SPK


Input: All loci have a similar organization, except for H1. 8 that harbors two TcP2beta genes arranged in tandem and separated by a short repetitive sequence, named SIRE (short interspersed repetitive element), which is also found upstream of the first gene of the tandem and downstream of the second.

H1. 8

TcP2beta genes


Input: A proportion of APC wild-type colon carcinomas and melanomas also contains constitutive nuclear Tcf-4/beta-catenin complexes as a result of dominant mutations in the N terminus of beta-catenin that render it insensitive to downregulation by APC, GSK3 beta, and Axin/Conductin.

APC

beta-catenin

beta-catenin

APC

GSK3 beta

Axin

Conductin


Input: Similar mechanisms leading to deregulation of Tcf target gene activity are likely to be involved in melanoma and other forms of cancer.

Tcf target gene


Input: PATIENTS AND METHODS: Immediately before radical prostatectomy, bone marrow aspirates from both sides of the iliac crest were taken from 287 patients.


Input: With regard to nonhematologic toxicities, diarrhea, infection and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase of grade 3 or over were observed in 2% of cycles, but were tolerable and reversible.

serum alkaline phosphatase


Input: LHbeta is expressed in pituitary gonadotrope cells and CGbeta is expressed in placental trophoblast cells.

LHbeta

CGbeta


Input: Regulation of HIV-1 transcription.


Input: Human LTBP-1 is known to exist in different forms.

Human LTBP-1


Input: In an earlier study (Kimura, Y., Kurzydlowski, K., Tada, M., and MacLennan, D.


Input: It consists of 2185 amino acid residues encoded by a 9-kilobase pair mRNA; several splice variants have been detected in human and rat cDNA libraries.


Input: Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase binding to A-kinase anchoring proteins in living cells by fluorescence resonance energy transfer of green fluorescent protein fusion proteins.

Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase

A-kinase

green fluorescent protein


Input: Factor XI deficiency is a rare hereditary bleeding disorder affecting the intrinsic pathway.

Factor XI


Input: The Ishasha samples show a range encompassing three trophic levels.


Input: The more traditional SERMS, clomiphene citrate and tamoxifen, will be reviewed along with such modern drugs as raloxifene and faslodex, with emphasis upon their actions on breast, uterus, bone and lipids.


Input: Ti exhibited a feather-like morphology.


Input: This organization suggests that duplication events that have generated the primate FUT3-FUT5-FUT6 cluster might have occurred through a long-interspersed-nuclear-element-based mechanism of unequal crossing over, as described for the globin cluster.

globin cluster


Input: S., Kim, S.


Input: The cop region also harbors a region of plasmid incompatibility, inc, encompassing a stem-loop structure, the repA promoter, Prep, as well as two distinct RepA binding sites, BD-1 and BD-2.

cop region

incompatibility

repA promoter

Prep

RepA binding sites


Input: WA constructs afforded relaxed and positive topoisomers, and cyclization kinetics indicated slow interconversion of precursors to the two topoisomers.


Input: The RFX protein family includes members from yeast to humans, which function in various biological systems, and share a DNA-binding domain and a conserved C-terminal region.

RFX protein family


Input: Binding to sulphatides and the alpha-dystroglycan receptor was much stronger and required at least two LG modules.

alpha-dystroglycan receptor

LG modules


Input: Here, we propose that an antagonistic, BMP/ALK2/Smad-mediated signaling pathway is active on the right side of the Xenopus embryo.

BMP

Smad


Input: Gentamicin given by DPI and SVN significantly decreased the sputum Psa density (p < 0. 05), by almost one order of magnitude.


Input: CONCLUSIONS: The largest value of the joint space may be used when evaluating rheumatoid AC joint space.


Input: An analysis of sequence of the mutant recN gene revealed a G: C to T: A transversion near the 3' end of the coding region.

mutant recN gene


Input: Nevertheless, in view of the potential transmission rates of HGV and the lack of effective immunization, HGV should be regarded as a potential occupational hazard for medical and dental staff.


Input: We have previously identified mouse and human cDNAs encoding UNC-51-like kinase (ULK1).

mouse and human cDNAs encoding UNC-51-like kinase


Input: ULKs and UNC-51 share a typical domain structure of an amino-terminal kinase domain, a central proline/serine rich (PS) domain, and a carboxy-terminal (C) domain.

ULKs


Input: These results suggest that ULK2 is involved in a previously uncharacterized signaling pathway in mammalian cells.


Input: Connector enhancer of KSR (CNK) is a multidomain protein required for RAS signaling.

Connector enhancer of KSR

CNK

RAS


Input: In simpler organisms, the ATP sulfurylase and APS kinase reactions are catalyzed by separate enzymes encoded by two or three genes, suggesting that a fusion of separate genes during the course of evolution generated the bifunctional enzyme.

ATP sulfurylase

APS kinase


Input: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) is essential for EBV-mediated transformation of primary B lymphocytes.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1


Input: The amino-terminal half of 1a is a distant homolog of alphavirus nonstructural protein nsP1, which has been implicated in capping viral RNAs.

homolog of alphavirus nonstructural protein nsP1


Input: Moreover, a recombinant Ad expressing Ad5 E4orf6/7 induced apoptosis in rat cells when coinfected with wild-type p53-expressing Ad.

Ad5 E4orf6/7


Input: CONCLUSION (S): Measuring urinary LH levels is an excellent method for determining ovulation.

LH


Input: PURPOSE: To evaluate the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), prognostic factors, and treatment-related mortality of women with stage IIIB inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) treated with combined modality therapy (CMT) and high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous stem-cell transplantation.


Input: We have cloned a novel 100-kDa mammalian protein, which was recognized by an anti-peptide antibody against an epitope-containing nuclear localization signal of NF-kappaB p65 subunit.

NF-kappaB p65 subunit


Input: Insulin-regulated events, however, occur in all cells.

Insulin


Input: Regulatory regions in the promoter and third intron of the growth hormone gene in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum.

growth hormone gene in rainbow trout


Input: Although most SFV genes have homologs encoded by other Chordopoxvirinae, the SFV genome lacks a key gene required for the production of extracellular enveloped virus.


Input: In addition, media containing F beta alpha/CG beta displayed high-affinity binding to both CG and FSH receptors.

F beta alpha

CG beta

CG and FSH receptors


Input: In contrast, AP-2 binding activity was significantly greater in T47D cells, and Western blots confirmed increased AP-2 protein levels in these cells.

AP-2 protein


Input: N. van Hoek, and M.


Input: Here, we describe a tyrosine-phosphorylated nuclear protein, YT521-B, and show that it interacts with the nuclear transcriptosomal component scaffold attachment factor B, and the 68-kDa Src substrate associated during mitosis, Sam68.

nuclear transcriptosomal component scaffold attachment factor B

68-kDa Src


Input: These mutants all failed to interact with the TraR fusion in the two-hybrid system.

TraR fusion


Input: PhoP-PhoQ homologues in Pseudomonas aeruginosa regulate expression of the outer-membrane protein OprH and polymyxin B resistance.

PhoP

PhoQ

outer-membrane protein OprH


Input: Deletion of fdsR revealed a dual regulatory effect of FdsR on the fds operon by acting as transcriptional activator in the presence of formate or as repressor in the absence of formate.

fdsR

FdsR

fds operon


Input: With constructs containing the binding site of one gene fused to the promoter of the other, we demonstrated that the positional requirements are a function of the specific binding site, not the promoter.


Input: In addition, all three Opa proteins of C751 bind equally well to HeLa cells transfected with cDNA encoding the carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA (CD66e)] subgroup of the CD66 family, but show distinct tropism for CGM1-(CD66d) and NCA (CD66c)-expressing cells.

Opa proteins

carcinoembryonic antigen

CEA

CD66 family

NCA


Input: The effect of smoking was not examined in this study, as such data were not available.


Input: BACKGROUND: Measurement of stereoacuity at varying distances, by real or simulated depth stereoacuity tests, is helpful in the evaluation of patients with binocular imbalance or strabismus.


Input: Additional studies revealed that bovine brain Galpha (q/11) could also bind to an N-terminal construct of GRK2, while no binding of Galpha (q/11), Galpha (s), Galpha (i), or Galpha (12/13) to comparable constructs of GRK5 or GRK6 was observed.

bovine brain Galpha (q/11)

Galpha (q/11)

Galpha (s)

Galpha (i)

Galpha (12/13)


Input: The elm1 kinase functions in a mitotic signaling network in budding yeast.

elm1 kinase


Input: Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR products were synthesized with two degenerate primers derived from the conserved motifs of various tyrosine kinases.

tyrosine kinases


Input: In addition, the acetyltransferase activity of p300 was observed to be distinct from the broadly essential activation function of the CH3 domain/E1A-binding region.

CH3 domain


Input: The proliferation-specific HNF-3/fork head homolog-11B protein (HFH-11B; also known as Trident and Win) is a family member of the winged helix/fork head transcription factors and in regenerating liver its expression is reactivated prior to hepatocyte entry into DNA replication (S phase).

fork head homolog-11B

Trident

Win

winged helix

fork head


Input: In the mouse, CtBP1 is expressed from embryo to adult, but CtBP2 is mainly expressed during embryogenesis.


Input: The multiple functions of Pmt3p described here suggest that several nuclear proteins are regulated by Pmt3p conjugation.


Input: The role of transport by sea ice from the Kara Sea into the Arctic Ocean was assessed by a small subgroup at GEOMAR.


Input: We determined whether a single injection of slow-release estradiol-17beta (SRE2) would induce pseudopregnancy in gilts and whether PGF2alpha would regress the corpora lutea (CL) of pseudopregnancy.


Input: Among the remaining 22 sites, six are in the promoters of known alpha-specific genes and two other sites have an alpha2-Mcm1-dependent role in determining the direction of mating type switching.


Input: Activation of T cells via the TCR and other costimulatory receptors triggers a number of signaling cascades.

TCR


Input: A phylogenetic analysis with the TK domains from these sequences and a fourth, from a novel scavenger RTK (all domains comprise the signature for the TK class II receptors), showed that they are distantly related to the insulin and insulin-like receptors.

TK domains

scavenger RTK

TK class II receptors

insulin

insulin-like receptors


Input: Results confirmed that stress produced CA3 dendritic atrophy and tianeptine prevented it.


Input: We have isolated a binding partner for the Fanconi anemia group C protein (FANCC) by yeast two-hybrid screening.

Fanconi anemia group C protein

FANCC


Input: These results suggest that both transcription activators depend on or interact with different subunits of RNA polymerase, although their role in formation of proper DNA geometry may also be crucial.

RNA polymerase


Input: Klebsiella oxytoca can assimilate nitrate and nitrite by using enzymes encoded by the nasFEDCBA operon.

nasFEDCBA operon


Input: Marked hemolysis significantly increased plasma values of potassium, phosphorus, total protein, and aspartate aminotransferase.

aspartate aminotransferase


Input: Studies have substantiated the involvement of numerous loci on certain chromosomes; in excess of 10 chromosomes are thought to be involved.


Input: By negatively regulating GRK-mediated receptor phosphorylation, beta-arrestin-mediated processes such as Src recruitment and clathrin-mediated internalization, which are required for GPCR-mediated ERK activation, are inhibited, thus dampening further ERK activation.

GRK

beta-arrestin

Src

clathrin

GPCR

ERK

ERK


Input: Based on subcellular fractionation, the 47-kDa P-CIP2 protein is mostly cytosolic.

47-kDa P-CIP2 protein


Input: Supershift EMSAs identified that upstream stimulatory factor-1 and-2 (USF-1 and-2) were part of these complexes.

upstream stimulatory factor-1 and-2

USF-1 and-2


Input: Conversely, E1A binding to only p300/CBP results in an increase in PARP enzyme activity and consequently in cell death susceptibility to irradiation, which is effectively counteracted by the PARP chemical inhibitor 3-aminobenzamide.

CBP

PARP enzyme

PARP


Input: These include the CACCC and CAAT motifs.


Input: Skin pH changes associated with iontophoresis.


Input: This distinction was based upon whether the diagnosis provided a straightforward range of prognoses or an ambiguous clinical implication.


Input: The availability of potent regulatory DNA cassettes harboring the murine D1A gene promoter could aid testing the neuronal-specific expression of transgenes in vivo.

murine D1A gene promoter


Input: It may be dependent on location of a focus (according to EEG) as well as on the character and manifestation of the accompanying neuropsychologic symptomatology.


Input: The results of these studies demonstrate that the rat HDL receptor SR-BI promoter contains two sterol response elements (pSRE and dSRE) through which SREBP-1a can bind and activate transcription of this gene.

SR-BI


Input: Of these patients, 46, 164 were placed on a waiting list for transplantation, 23, 275 of whom received a first cadaveric transplant between 1991 and 1997.


Input: In electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), this GLUT4 repressor element (G4RE) generated specific bands with nuclear extracts from preadipocytes, but not from adipocytes.

GLUT4 repressor element


Input: Syndromes of abnormal fat redistribution and metabolic complications in HIV-infected patients.


Input: Cytoprotection with amifostine in radiotherapy or radio-chemotherapy of head and neck tumors


Input: Immunohistochemical staining was positive for S-100 in all 9 cases stained, positive for HMB-45 in 9 (90%) of 10, and negative for cytokeratin in all 9 cases in which myxoid melanoma remained in the block after previous sections.

cytokeratin


Input: Patients with types I and III MPGN did not differ in age at apparent onset, age at diagnosis, or interval from apparent onset of symptoms to diagnosis (biopsy).


Input: Residual urinary abnormalities were significantly more frequent in patients with type III than type I MPGN.


Input: Taken together, differences in signaling and tissue expression suggest that the human intermediate PRLr differs from the long PRLr in physiological function.

human intermediate PRLr

long PRLr


Input: We describe here a Drosophila melanogaster FAK homologue, DFak56, which maps to band 56D on the right arm of the second chromosome.

Drosophila melanogaster FAK homologue


Input: We show here that the third SH3 domain binds to Sos, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras and Rac, both in vitro and in vivo.

SH3 domain

Sos

guanine nucleotide exchange factor

Ras

Rac


Input: Point mutations in the third SH3 domain abolished the vinexin-Sos interaction.

SH3 domain

vinexin

Sos


Input: In gel mobility shift assays, low binding activity of CBF to the wild-type AtpC promoter sequence was observed with nuclear extracts from tissue with low AtpC expression levels, i. e. extracts from etiolated and photobleached seedlings, whereas high binding activity was detectable with extracts from tissues with high AtpC expression levels, i. e. extracts from light-grown seedlings and etiolated seedlings treated with cytokinin.

CBF

wild-type AtpC promoter sequence

AtpC

AtpC

cytokinin


Input: They are subdivided into two types that activate transduction pathways via different cell surface receptors.


Input: We report here that out of the major pro-inflammatory cytokines examined, IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, TNF-alpha and IL-6, only IL-6 was generated and secreted in PKCeta-expressing cells without any additional inducer in serum-supplemented cultures (10% FCS).

TNF-alpha

PKCeta


Input: Demyelinating diseases involving the grey matter were very rare, but we must consider the presence of symmetrical thalamic involvement in patients with ADEM.


Input: To define the minimal VDRE binding domain for human VDR (hVDR), a series of C-terminally truncated hVDR mutants (Delta134, Delta113, Delta102, Delta90, Delta84, Delta80, and Delta60) was generated and expressed in bacteria.

human VDR

hVDR

hVDR mutants


Input: These REPs, or clusters of paralogous loci, are 15-100 kb and harbor at least four ESTs and an expressed SH3GL pseudogene.

SH3GL pseudogene


Input: In part as a result of its inability to sustain radiative loses, the BB resonator has extremely low RF power requirements.


Input: In addition, narZ expression was induced approximately 20-fold intracellularly in Madin-Darby canine kidney epithelial cells and 16-fold in intracellular salts medium, which is believed to mimic the intracellular milieu.

narZ


Input: However, mechanisms underlying HIV-1 gene expression in the CNS are poorly understood.


Input: Is radical trachelectomy a safe alternative to radical hysterectomy for patients with stage IA-B carcinoma of the cervix? BACKGROUND: The prognosis associated with lymph node negative, early stage carcinoma of the cervix is excellent, with 5-year survival rates greater than 90%.


Input: A key event in this process is the selective recognition of the target membrane by the vesicle and the current view is that SNARE protein interactions likely play a central role in vesicle-target recognition and or membrane fusion.

SNARE protein


Input: Scapulae with a Type I configuration were found to have low values for the coraco-glenoid angle and coracoid overlap, which are known to be associated with a short coraco-humeral distance.


Input: Measurements in the LWS p. a., LWS lat. and at Ward' s triangle were made in a total of 100 patients.


Input: A group of 66 DSM-IV paranoid schizophrenic in-patients were assessed three times using the SAPS, SANS, BPRS and PAS.


Input: Despite the high frequency of natural infection, the seropositive rates of JEV antibody still correlated well with the dose of vaccine received, i. e., 67% (1122/1664), 66% (65/97), 33% (4/12) and 40% (19/47) for children receiving 3, 2, 1, and 0 dose of JE vaccines, respectively (P < 0. 0001 Chi-square for trend test).


Input: Furthermore, in vivo and in vitro protein-protein interaction experiments have shown that SR33 protein interacts with itself and with SR45 protein but not with two other members (SRZ21 and SRZ22) of the SR family that are known to interact with the Arabidopsis full-length U-70K only.

SR33 protein

SR45 protein

SR family


Input: In summary, WT1 is enriched by oligo (dT) chromatography, as are U2AF65, the U5 small nuclear RNP-associated protein p116 and hnRNP A1.

U5 small nuclear RNP-associated protein p116


Input: Six out of ten hearts from macerated stillborn infants showed varying degrees of positive staining.


Input: Tih1 maps to distal mouse Chr 1 and human Chr 1q31, chromosomal regions that have not shown evidence for imprinting and, in contrast to Ipl, Tih1 is expressed equally from both parental alleles.

Ipl


Input: A novel pleckstrin homology-related gene family defined by Ipl/Tssc3, TDAG51, and Tih1: tissue-specific expression, chromosomal location, and parental imprinting.

pleckstrin homology-related gene family

Ipl


Input: The potential for highly reactive nanoparticles (RNP) to absorb destructively, i. e. to neutralize highly toxic substances such as the warfare agents GA, GB, HD and VX, has been demonstrated in the laboratory.


Input: There were minimal negative effects on hematological parameters, acid-base status, and blood gases.


Input: Twelve out of 43 renal failure patients had troponin I 0. 13-0. 9 microg/l using Axsym method and 4 had levels of 0. 07-0. 13 microg/l using Immuno 1.

troponin I


Input: Therefore, we propose that p27 represents a crucial molecule in HMBA signaling that cannot be replaced by p21.


Input: Transient, high-level Ras-expression induces transcriptional activation of p21 mediated by a GC-rich region in p21 promoter-83-54 bp relative to the transcription initiation site containing binding sites for Sp1-family transcription factors.

Ras

p21 promoter

Sp1-family transcription factors


Input: The RET/PTC3 rearrangement is formed by fusion of the ELE1 and RET genes, and is highly prevalent in radiation-induced post-Chernobyl papillary thyroid carcinomas.

RET

RET genes


Input: Apoptosis of small cells is still observed after co-transfection of JBD and LMP1 but in addition a few apoptotic HD-MyZ cells with large fused nuclear masses are identified suggesting that specific inhibition of JNK leads also to apoptosis of LMP1 induced RS cells.

JBD

JNK


Input: In addition to the bZIP protein Opaque2 (O2), there are other maize endosperm nuclear proteins that recognize the O2 box in 22 kDa zein gene promoters.

bZIP protein Opaque2

O2 box

zein


Input: The mEmBP-1 protein can activate transcription from a truncated promoter containing a pentamer of the O2 site in yeast cells; however, it inhibited regulated transcription of a 22 kDa zein promoter in a transient expression assay using cultured maize endosperm cells.

mEmBP-1 protein

O2 site

22 kDa zein promoter


Input: GHB, 2 CB, HMB, are some of these recent substances.


Input: There were 15 deaths, seven of which were felt to be avoidable.


Input: With this GH and estrogen treatment regimen, most girls with TS can grow and develop much more in conformity with their healthy peers.

GH


Input: We propose that the reduced responsiveness of CYP3A2 is the result of preferential binding of COUP-TF at the CYP3A2 DexRE-1 site.

COUP-TF

CYP3A2 DexRE-1 site


Input: Higher CYP3A23 basal activity appears to be due to an E-box in 3A23SiteA that interacts with USF1, a ubiquitous bHLH/leucine zipper transcription factor.

bHLH/leucine zipper transcription factor


Input: The first one is a TPA-responsive element that controls the base-line ST3 promoter activity but is not required for its activation.

ST3 promoter


Input: To understand the basis for the increased cell surface stability compared with wild-type peptide and to understand the differences in T cell recognition between I1Y and I1F, we determined the x-ray crystal structures of the two class I MHC-peptide complexes.

class I MHC-peptide complexes


Input: Redistribution of mannosidase I was also observed in cells incubated at 15 degrees C.

mannosidase I


Input: In addition, using biochemical activity assays for Rho-like GTPases, we show that the expression of beta1A, beta1D, or IL2R-beta1A in GE11 or GD25 cells triggers activation of both RhoA and Rac1, but not of Cdc42.

Rho

GTPases

RhoA


Input: In conclusion, our data do not support a role for IVIg in the remyelination of stable multiple sclerosis lesions as measured by central conduction time.

IVIg


Input: The rhabdomyosarcoma R1H growing on the right flank of male WAG/Rij rats was clamped for 2 or 4 h at 20 degrees C or 37 degrees C.


Input: Relative to coherent control words (e. g., quick), these discourse-dependent semantic anomalies elicited a large N400 effect that began at about 200 to 250 msec after word onset.


Input: These synergistic effects were strongly Jem-1 dose-dependent.


Input: Like the Tob protein, Tob2 inhibited cell cycle progression from the G0/G1 to S phases.

Tob protein


Input: The coordinate increase in cyclin D1 and p21 had the effect of decreasing the specific but not absolute activity of cyclin D1/cdk4. p53 was not involved since CSF-1 induction of p21 was unaffected by dominant-negative p53 expression.

cyclin D1

cyclin D1

dominant-negative p53


Input: In addition, SLK displays high homology to microtubule and nuclear associated protein (M-NAP) and AT1-46, both of unknown function.

SLK

microtubule and nuclear associated protein

M-NAP


Input: In this study 26 patients (20 females and 6 males) were evaluated.


Input: The signalling molecules Wnt1 and Sonic hedgehog, implicated in the activation of Myf5 in myogenic progenitor cells in the somite, are also produced in the viscinity of the Myf5 expression domain in the mesencephalon.

Sonic hedgehog

Myf5 expression domain


Input: STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A study was initiated to compare the collection of PBPCs with the new device, the AutoPBSC (version [V] 6. 0 with AutoPBSC tubing set), and that with the MNC (mononuclear cell) procedure (V4. 7 with white cell tubing set), for patients and healthy donors.


Input: Albumin dialysis: effective removal of copper in a patient with fulminant Wilson disease and successful bridging to liver transplantation: a new possibility for the elimination of protein-bound toxins.

Albumin


Input: Some artificial promoter constructs containing multiple Sp1 sites were highly responsive to ethanol, but others were not, suggesting that the organization of the proximal promoter region was an additional factor that affected the ethanol response.

Sp1 sites


Input: Overexpression of CDP/cut in ROS 17/2. 8 osteosarcoma cells results in repression of OC promoter activity; this repression is abrogated by mutating OC box I.

CDP

cut

OC promoter

OC box I


Input: Injection of double-stranded RNA into C. elegans results in embryonic lethality; thus, the SF1 gene is essential not only in yeast but also in at least one metazoan.

SF1 gene


Input: Both domains were required for specific DNA binding to the beta-retinoic acid receptor element, producing a DNase I footprint covering predominantly one strand.

beta-retinoic acid receptor element

DNase I


Input: Snail family proteins are zinc finger transcriptional regulators first identified in Drosophila which play critical roles in cell fate determination.

Snail family proteins


Input: Consistent with this finding, beta-catenin interacted directly with the RA receptor (RAR) in a retinoid-dependent manner, but not with the retinoid X receptor (RXR), and RAR competed with TCF for beta-catenin binding.

beta-catenin

RA receptor

RAR

retinoid X receptor

RXR

RAR

TCF

beta-catenin


Input: Thrombolysis was followed by a similar increase of platelet activity with maximal values reached at the 3rd hour in both groups (196 +/-43 IU/ml in Group 1 and 192 +/-39 in Group 2: p & lt; 001versus baseline and p NS between the groups).


Input: Similar to Hp140, isolated Hp55 binds DNA with moderate strength and was a specificity for double-stranded primer-template DNA.


Input: Finally, three new missense mutations, E138V, R254G, and P362R, were identified in the human AC gene from FD patients.

human AC gene


Input: These data indicate that the interaction of eIF4A with the middle region of eIF4GI is necessary for translation, whereas the interaction of eIF4A with the C-terminal region plays a modulatory role.


Input: The DAP5/p86 apoptotic form was more potent than DAP5/p97 in these functional assays.


Input: 12: 2684-2697, 1998): a key step of this model is the activation of the MAPK Fus3p through the G (betagamma)-dependent relocalization of the Ste5p-MAPK cascade to the plasma membrane.

MAPK Fus3p

G (betagamma)

MAPK


Input: Consistent with this finding, wild-type SAGA inhibits TBP binding to the HIS3 promoter in vitro, while SAGA lacking Spt3 or Spt8 is not inhibitory.

wild-type SAGA

TBP

HIS3 promoter

SAGA


Input: Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a genetically and biochemically proven CAK gene, CAK1, that encodes a monomeric 44-kDa Cak1p protein unrelated to Cdk7.

CAK gene

44-kDa Cak1p protein


Input: Northern blot and reverse transcription-PCR analyses of human mRNA samples demonstrate that RNR is expressed exclusively in the retina, with transcripts of approximately 7. 5 kb, approximately 3. 0 kb, and approximately 2. 3 kb by Northern blot analysis.

RNR


Input: Particularly striking was the conservation of an AP-4 binding site within 100 nucleotides upstream of the transcription initiation site in both Aal-rpL34 and Aal-rpL8 genes.

AP-4 binding site

Aal

Aal


Input: CONCLUSIONS: Serum levels of S-100beta are reliable markers for adverse neurologic outcomes after cardiac surgery.


Input: All problems were associated with fractured or lost screws.


Input: The accumulated products of ancient duplication events can be readily observed among the genes encoding voltage-dependent Ca (2 +) ion channels.


Input: The VirR response regulator from Clostridium perfringens binds independently to two imperfect direct repeats located upstream of the pfoA promoter.

VirR response regulator

pfoA promoter


Input: Cloning and sequencing of the upstream region of pepX revealed the presence of two ORFs of 360 and 1, 338 bp that were shown to be able to encode proteins with high homology to GlnR and GlnA proteins, respectively.

pepX

GlnR

GlnA proteins


Input: Objective: To evaluate endometrial thickness and the incidence of uterine bleeding in postmenopausal women using either tibolone 2. 5 mg or continuous combined 2 mg estradiol and 1 mg norethisterone acetate (E + NETA) daily as hormone replacement therapy.


Input: Histological analysis showed that the neuronal loss in the DHED-treated group was notably reduced in the hippocampal area (CA1) of ischemic rats and in the dentate gyrus and hippocampal area (CA1 and CA3) of EC-lesioned rats compared with the nontreated group.


Input: The extents of phosphorylation of Ser44 and Ser64 were 1: 1, whereas those of the four minor sites all together were < 30% of the major one.


Input: Serum HBV-DNA, viral serology, and liver enzymes were measured sequentially; liver histology was taken before and during treatment in 12 patients.


Input: Chem.


Input: Maximum induction of AP-1 was reached at a concentration of 250 nmol/L of CalC.


Input: Rams were weighed and testis size was estimated by orchimetry at each time period.


Input: Animal studies showed that beam equalization significantly improved fluoroscopic and angiographic image quality.


Input: Role of estrogen receptor ligand and estrogen response element sequence on interaction with chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor (COUP-TF).

estrogen receptor

chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor

COUP-TF


Input: CONCLUSION: In Cdks functioning throughout the cell cycle, tyrosine phosphorylation is inhibitory to the activation of kinase, whereas the phosphorylation of threonine in the T-loop is essential for activation.

Cdks


Input: We also report that AHR interacts with COUP-TF in transfected CV-1 cells.

AHR

COUP-TF


Input: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is relatively low in childhood, with anti-HCV prevalence rates of 0. 1-0. 4% in the Western world.

anti-HCV


Input: Clear and evidenced-based information should be provided to patients as to the means of prevention with special attention to individual risk groups such as IV drug abusers.


Input: During latency, more than 1% of neurons in ganglia that innervate the footpad expressed beta-galactosidase, with the number of positive cells remaining constant for at least 5 months.

beta-galactosidase


Input: As an alternative approach to this question, we have studied the effects of ectopically expressed SHIP, SHP-1, or SHP-2 SH2-containing decoy proteins on Fc gamma RIIB1 signaling.

SHIP

Fc gamma RIIB1


Input: Compared to those with normal renal functions, these patients were older (P < or = 0. 01), had significantly elevated blood pressures (P < 0. 01 or P = 0. 0001), and in the case of Type 1 DM, with a higher body mass index (P = 0. 0001) and waist-hip ratio (P < 0. 01).


Input: In all tissues examined only transcripts positive for insert 3, an 18 bp insertion in repeat 21, were amplified, even under conditions in which a 30% level of insert 3 negative transcript could be easily detected in artificially prepared control samples.


Input: These results show that the CAAT-region is involved in upregulating the MDR1 promoter in HL60/VCR cells.

MDR1 promoter


Input: Both receptors utilize protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) for the phosphorylation of various signaling molecules, a process that is critical for the function of both receptors.

protein tyrosine kinases

PTKs


Input: The synergistic effect due to the 5'-3' cooperation was at least fourfold greater than the sum of the contributions of the individual UTRs.


Input: We demonstrate that both R and Z activate the cellular stress mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, p38 and JNK, resulting in phosphorylation (and activation) of the cellular transcription factor ATF2.

R

Z

mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases

JNK

cellular transcription factor ATF2


Input: Anatomy of the uterine artery.


Input: However, activation of the cAMP pathway, which is known to regulate inhibin alpha expression, greatly enhanced the actions of SF-1.

inhibin alpha


Input: Deletion and site-directed mutagenesis localized a novel SF-1 regulatory element (TCA GGGCCA;-137 to-129) adjacent to a variant cAMP-response element (CRE;-120 to-114).

SF-1 regulatory element


Input: Synthetic ligands have been identified that reset and amplify the cycle of pulsatile GH secretion by interacting with the orphan GH-secretagogue receptor (GHS-R).

GH

orphan GH-secretagogue receptor

GHS-R


Input: The collection of mutants displaying TGN sorting defects includes members with mutations in previously identified vacuolar protein sorting genes (VPS), including the dynamin family member VPS1.

vacuolar protein sorting genes

VPS

dynamin


Input: Also in the spectrum of mutants with TGN sorting defects are isolates with mutations in the following: RIC1, encoding a product originally proposed to participate in ribosome biogenesis; LUV1, encoding a product potentially involved in vacuole and microtubule organization; and INP53, encoding a synaptojanin-like inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase.

synaptojanin-like inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase


Input: The single strandedness is manifested as a terminal extension of the G-rich strand (G tails) that can occur independently of telomerase, suggesting that cdc17/pol1 mutants exhibit defects in telomeric lagging-strand synthesis.

telomerase


Input: In addition, CaMig1 formed specific complexes with the URS1 region of the S. cerevisiae FBP1 gene.

S. cerevisiae FBP1 gene


Input: Furthermore, the wide distribution of the GFP-POLO protein to all compartments of the mitotic apparatus provides a valuable tool for future studies on cell cycle during development.

GFP

POLO


Input: An ASIC-chip for stereoscopic depth analysis in video-real-time based on visual cortical cell behavior.


Input: However, calphostin C, a specific inhibitor of PKC, abolished the TPA-induced increase in CFI mRNA levels.

PKC

CFI mRNA


Input: Preimmune IgG, anti-GalT Fab fragments, irrelevant polymers and monomeric N-acetylglucosamine had no effect.

Preimmune IgG

anti-GalT Fab fragments


Input: Downstream of the G-A anastomosis, the RD, CC, E (p) and loop areas were significantly different from REF, but significantly different from A-A.


Input: Induced expression of c-myc is likely to contribute to the proliferation of Stat1-null cells in response to IFNs.

c-myc

IFNs


Input: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trial E3186 was initiated to explore this question.


Input: We determined how DNA repair is affected by TFA1 conditional mutations.


Input: These articles both report the results of multi-institutional, randomized, phase 3 trials for the treatment of patients with localized (T1-3 N0-1 M0) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or esophageal adenocarcinoma.


Input: Studies of MPO gene regulation can help to elucidate the mechanism of normal and abnormal myeloid differentiation.

MPO gene


Input: NDRF/NeuroD2 was co-precipitated with PKN from the lysate of COS-7 cells transfected with both expression constructs for NDRF/NeuroD2 and PKN.

NDRF

PKN

NDRF

PKN


Input: Transient transfection assays using P19 cells revealed that expression of NDRF/NeuroD2 increased the transactivation of the rat insulin promoter element 3 (RIPE3) enhancer up to approximately 12-fold and that co-expression of catalytically active form of PKN, but not kinase-deficient derivative, resulted in a further threefold increase of NDRF/NeuroD2-mediated transcription.

NDRF

rat insulin promoter element 3

PKN

NDRF


Input: Two Pax2/5/8-binding sites in Engrailed2 are required for proper initiation of endogenous mid-hindbrain expression.

Pax2/5/8-binding sites


Input: Alignment of the cervical spine, vertebral abnormalities, and disc changes also were evaluated.


Input: The concomitant interaction of mSTI1 with hsp70 and hsp90 at its N-and C-termini respectively is mediated by the tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs in these regions.


Input: Competition experiments demonstrate a negative allosteric relationship between these RGD recognition sites.


Input: Sequence analysis showed that the 5'-flanking region upstream to the ATG codon did not contain a conventional TATA box.


Input: After i. v. administration of 500 mg acetazolamide and disinfection of the conjunctiva, 50 micrograms rt-PA in 0. 1 ml (BSS) and 0. 5 ml SF6 were injected intravitreally.

rt-PA


Input: Differential expression and regulation by 20-hydroxyecdysone of mosquito ultraspiracle isoforms.


Input: The three isoforms purified with anti-FLAG antibody affinity column transferred sulfate to heparan sulfate and heparin but not to other glycosaminoglycans.

anti-FLAG antibody


Input: The differentiation and maintenance of a neurotransmitter phenotype is guided by the interaction of exogenous cues with intrinsic genetic machinery.


Input: Analysis of functional domains of Arix reveals an N-terminal activation domain and a C-terminal repression domain.

Arix


Input: BACKGROUND: Left ventricular hypertrophy is a heterogeneous disorder with distinct morphologies.


Input: Multivariate predictors were concentric remodeling (P < 0. 0001; odds ratio, 13. 5), left ventricular ejection fraction > 2 SD above normal (P < 0. 0001), and single-vessel left circumflex disease (P < 0. 0007; odds ratio, 7. 6).


Input: Overexpression of ICBP90 in COS-1-transfected cells induced an enhanced expression of endogenous topoisomerase IIalpha.

endogenous topoisomerase IIalpha


Input: The RNA aptamer contains three stems separated by a pair of two-base bulges, and adopts an unanticipated fold in which both junctional sites are anchored through base triple formation.


Input: The study suggests the presence of an anatomical sphincter at the RSJ which seems to regulate the passage of stools from the sigmoid colon to the rectum.


Input: To quantify any mechanical inhibitory effect of nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) on inspiratory activity of the diaphragm we ventilated five conscious relaxed subjects on two occasions at respiratory rates similar to quiet breathing (QB) and at three levels of applied pressure (Pappl)--6, 9 and 12 cmH2O, each during hypocapnia (P (CO2) allowed to decrease) and eucapnia (CO2 added to inspired gas).


Input: METHODS: Von Willebrand factor (vWF) and the fibrinolytic factors tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), measured as tPA capacity, and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), platelets, fibrinogen, and inflammatory markers were measured in 74 patients with active seropositive RA.

Von Willebrand factor

vWF

tissue plasminogen activator

tPA

tPA

plasminogen activator inhibitor 1

fibrinogen


Input: Neuronal signaling properties are largely determined by the quantity and combination of ion channels expressed.


Input: Treatment also led to a significant dose dependent reduction in the sum of ST segment depression at both trough and peak concentrations.


Input: We have investigated the contribution of specific TATA-binding protein (TBP)-TATA interactions to the promoter activity of a constitutively expressed silkworm tRNA (C) (Ala) gene and have also asked whether the lack of similar interactions accounts for the low promoter activity of a silk gland-specific tRNA (SG) (Ala) gene.

TATA-binding protein

TBP

silkworm tRNA (C) (Ala) gene

silk gland-specific tRNA (SG) (Ala) gene


Input: The sequences showed extensive homologies with squalene synthase genes and enzymes from a number of other organisms and extreme amino acid conservation within the binding and catalytic domains.

squalene synthase genes


Input: Two episodes of peritonitis occurred while the patient received CAPD (1 episode/3. 5 patient-months).


Input: Copyright 2000 The Royal College of Radiologists.


Input: Two estrogen receptor (ER) isoforms with different estrogen dependencies are generated from the trout ER gene.

estrogen receptor

ER

trout ER gene


Input: Induction was reversed by coexpression of A-Fos, a dominant negative to AP-1.

A-Fos


Input: In myometrial SMC, both isoforms of the progesterone receptor, PR-B and PR-A, caused a ligand-dependent activation of PGDH-2368/luc3.

progesterone receptor

PR-B

PR-A


Input: Element B (-249/-229) shows more than 80% homology to a consensus c-myb element, but formed two specific complexes that differed from that of c-myb in the electrophoretic mobility shift assay.

consensus c-myb element

c-myb


Input: Stable transfection of the truncated reduced folate carrier cDNA into mouse L1210 leukemia cells: increased folate accumulation, decreased their leucovorin and folic acid growth requirements, and increased their sensitivity to methotrexate.

reduced folate carrier cDNA


Input: Characterization of a human alternatively spliced truncated reduced folate carrier increasing folate accumulation in parental leukemia cells.

human alternatively spliced truncated reduced folate carrier


Input: Electron microscopic and enzymatic analyses revealed that the A118 genome is a linear, circularly permuted, terminally redundant collection of double-stranded DNA molecules.


Input: Moreover, increasing the dosage of wild-type Fus3 intensifies the inhibition of both Ty1 transposition and invasive growth.

wild-type Fus3


Input: Consistently, activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase downstream of Rho family GTP-binding proteins was also enhanced when Dbl was tyrosine-phosphorylated.

c-Jun N-terminal kinase

Rho family GTP-binding proteins

Dbl


Input: However, its participation in collagen binding has not been shown.

collagen


Input: Together, these data suggest that the carboxyl terminus of CFTR contains a tyrosine-based internalization signal that interacts with the endocytic adaptor complex AP-2 to facilitate efficient entry of CFTR into clathrin-coated vesicles.

CFTR

CFTR

clathrin


Input: The insulin therapy regimen did not affect the evolution of the patients and no significant relationship existed between the age at diagnosis, duration of diabetes, daily insulin dosage or metabolic control and height or BMI.

insulin

insulin


Input: Scmh1 maps to 4D1-D2. 1 in mice.


Input: The applicability of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy (LDN) has not been assessed in the obese donor.


Input: Hyaluronan treatment stimulated collagen remodeling in the peripheral region and inhibited swelling of the meniscus repaired in the inner region.

collagen


Input: We have addressed these issues by reconstituting and characterizing the KRAB: KAP-1-RBCC interaction using purified components.

KRAB

RBCC


Input: The RING finger, B2 box, and coiled-coil region are required for oligomerization of KAP-1-RBCC and KRAB binding, as mutations in these domains concomitantly abolished these functions.

RBCC

KRAB


Input: JPEG 53, resulting in a compression ratio of 1: 21, does not compromise the diagnostic performance in general.


Input: We critically assess current systematic uncertainties and determine the primordial Li abundance within new, much tighter limits: & amp; parl0; Li & amp; solm0; H & amp; parr0; p = 1. 23 + 0. 68-0. 32x10-10.


Input: Like their yeast counterpart, the mouse GCN2 isoforms contain HisRS-related sequences juxtaposed to the kinase catalytic domain.

HisRS-related sequences


Input: Five women (15. 6%) met criteria for PMS.


Input: MBI and MMBI showed similar Cmax values, but the former disappeared slower in the serum than the latter and resulted in its larger AUC values.


Input: Another long insertion in the cathepsin X amino acid sequence forms a beta-hairpin pointing away from the active site.

cathepsin X amino acid sequence


Input: Transfection experiments demonstrated that the 5'-flanking region (-1894 to + 37) of the mStaf gene drives transcription in mouse NMuMG cells and that a construct containing a fragment from-387 to + 37 showed the highest transcriptional activity.

mStaf gene


Input: Further studies in T-24 cells demonstrated that HA fragments also induced I kappa B alpha phosphorylation and degradation, kappa B-linked reporter gene expression, and ICAM-1 promoter activity in an NF-kappa B-dependent manner.

I kappa B alpha

kappa B-linked reporter gene

ICAM-1 promoter

NF-kappa B


Input: Pretreatment of cells or mouse skin with antisense oligonucleotides of PKCzeta impaired UV-induced activation of AP-1 in JB6 cells as well as in AP-1-luciferase transgenic mice.

PKCzeta

luciferase


Input: The level of subclinical infection was 75% among seropositive dogs.


Input: Desmethylferrochloroquine 1a and didesmethylferrochloroquine 2 would be more potent against schizontocides than CQ in vitro against two strains (HB3 and Dd2) of Plasmodium falciparum.


Input: The rrd1, 2delta mutant was partially rescued by inactivation of HOG1 or PBS2, suggesting an interaction between the RRD genes and the Hog1p signal transduction pathway.

rrd1, 2delta mutant

RRD genes

Hog1p signal transduction pathway


Input: Members of the JAK/Tyk family of tyrosine kinases mediate phosphorylation of STAT3 at Tyr705 during CNTF signaling; however, the kinase responsible for phosphorylation at STAT3 Tyr727 appears to depend on both the extracellular stimulus and the cellular context.

JAK

Tyk

tyrosine kinases

CNTF


Input: In vivo, CARbeta/RXRalpha activated transcription from an HD-PPRE luciferase reporter construct.

CARbeta

RXRalpha

HD

luciferase reporter construct


Input: Thus, SOX8 is a good candidate gene contributing to the mental retardation phenotype seen in ATR-16 patients.


Input: Patch test results obtained with corticosteroid allergic patients tested with a large corticosteroid series validated the earlier classification of corticosteroid molecules in four groups of cross-reacting molecules: i. e., group A (hydrocortisone type), group B (acetonides), group C (betamethasone type-non esterified) and group D (esters).


Input: An increase in the level of serum enzymes, such as aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase after D. russelli venom injection in albino rats is indicative of cell or tissue damage.

aspartate transaminase

alkaline phosphatase

creatine phosphokinase

lactate dehydrogenase


Input: The partial farm budget highlighted the importance of reducing sub-clinical lesions in a feedlot.


Input: Surprisingly, 3 full-length murine survivin cDNA clones were isolated, predicting the existence of 3 distinct survivin proteins.

full-length murine survivin cDNA

survivin proteins


Input: Thus, the induction of E2F binding to the E2F-1 promoter by the E4-6/7 protein observed in vitro correlates with transactivation of E2F-1 promoter activity in vivo.

E2F-1 promoter

E4-6/7 protein

E2F-1 promoter


Input: We show that stabilization of the hairpin reduced the amount of tRNA primer that is annealed to the PBS.


Input: Ischemia-induced biphasic arrhythmias were suppressed in both zatebradine and propranolol groups.


Input: ZK7 and HZF16 genes appear to be the splice variants transcribed from the same gene.

HZF16 genes


Input: CONCLUSION: Presence of APOE epsilon4/* seems to increase the risk for dementia and AD independently of its effect on dyslipidemia and atherogenesis.

APOE epsilon4/*


Input: No definite conclusions are possible because of the small number of patients involved in this phase II trial.


Input: Two distinct Salmonella fimbrins, AgfA and SefA, comprising thin aggregative fimbriae SEF17 and SEF14, respectively, were each genetically engineered to carry PT3, an alpha-helical 16-amino acid Leishmania T-cell epitope derived from the metalloprotease gp63.

Salmonella fimbrins

AgfA

SefA

metalloprotease gp63


Input: In marked contrast to AgfA, none of the chimeric SefA proteins were expressed or assembled into fimbriae.

AgfA

chimeric SefA proteins


Input: Productive growth of phage P22 in wild-type Salmonella typhimurium correlates with the presence of Abc2, but is independent of the absolute level of ATP-dependent nuclease activity, suggesting a qualitative change in the nature of Abc2-modified RecBCD nuclease activity relative to the native enzyme.

ATP-dependent nuclease

RecBCD nuclease


Input: In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the inducible expression of the flt-1 gene during the activation of THP-1 cells.

flt-1 gene


Input: There was a 2. 4-fold difference in CAT produced from these transcripts in HeLa cells, which contain a greater natural abundance of PTB.

CAT

PTB


Input: Multiple mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways connect the cot oncoprotein to the c-jun promoter and to cellular transformation.

mitogen-activated protein kinase

cot oncoprotein

c-jun promoter


Input: In the present study we have investigated the regulatory mechanism for CD95L expression.


Input: Protein sequence analysis reveals that MAN1 shares a conserved globular domain of approximately 40 amino acids, which we term the LEM module, with inner nuclear membrane proteins lamina-associated polypeptide 2 and emerin.

LEM module

lamina-associated polypeptide 2

emerin


Input: The encoded amino acid sequences in the full-length bovine and porcine cDNAs were identical, consisting of 209 amino acid residues, and were nearly the same as the published sequence determined by Edman degradation.


Input: With chemical shift imaging, the signal intensity decreased on the out-of-phase images in six of seven (86%) patients with APA and in eight of nine (89%) patients with BAH.


Input: For each night, the diary allowed the subjective measurement of bedtime, wake time, time in bed (TIB), sleep efficiency, number of minutes of wake after sleep onset (WASO), alertness on awakening, and percentage of morning needing an alarm (or a person functioning as one).


Input: Acad.


Input: Copyright 2000 Academic Press.


Input: These data suggest that combined lesions of cholinergic and serotonergic neurons in the rat brain do not alter olfactory perception or olfactory short-term memory.


Input: Extreme potency of botulinum toxin.

botulinum toxin


Input: In contrast, c-Src activated by isoproterenol led to tyrosine phosphorylation of Shc and subsequent Erk activation, but not tyrosine phosphorylation of cortactin or Stat3.

c-Src

Shc

Erk

cortactin


Input: For wild type MutT and its E53D and E44D mutants, plots of log (k (cat)) versus pH exhibited a limiting slope of 1 on the ascending limb and then a hump, i. e., a sharply defined maximum near pH 8 followed by a plateau, yielding apparent pK (a) values of 7. 6 +/-0. 3 and 8. 4 +/-0. 4 for an essential base and a nonessential acid catalyst, respectively, in the active quaternary MutT-Mg (2 +)-dGTP-Mg (2 +) complex.

MutT

E44D mutants

MutT


Input: Structural changes in the kinetically more damaged E44D mutant detected in (1) H-(15) N HSQC spectra were largely limited to the loop I-helix I motif, suggesting that Glu-44 stabilizes the active site region.


Input: In vitro expression of four different naturally occurring nonsense and missense mutations revealed a dramatically altered subcellular location of the protein in cultured cells.


Input: After i. v.


Input: Immunity acquired by mice during I. scapularis nymphal activity in early summer may exclude a large proportion of the mouse population from maintaining E. phagocytophila during the period of larval activity later in the season.


Input: The emerging view based on studies in yeast is that each class of snoRNPs is composed of a unique set of proteins.


Input: BCR cross-linking also led to increased MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 activity, an enzyme that lies immediately downstream from p38 MAPK; MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 immune complexes phosphorylated a peptide substrate containing the CREB serine 133 phosphoacceptor motif.

BCR

MAPK

protein kinase-2

p38 MAPK

MAPK

protein kinase-2

CREB serine 133 phosphoacceptor motif


Input: Activation of a CRE-dependent junB promoter/chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene by the BCR was also blocked by SB203580.

junB promoter

chloramphenicol acetyltransferase

CAT

BCR


Input: We present evidence that the upstream open reading frame (uORF) represses the translation of the downstream major open reading frame (mORF).


Input: METHODS: TBN measurements were performed in 31 female outpatients with breast carcinoma who were undergoing standard cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil (CMF)-based chemotherapy (median age, 48 years; range, 26-77 years).


Input: A 385 bp Glucocorticoid Response Unit (GRU) was identified whose glucocorticoid induction was enhanced by dibutyryl-cAMP and reduced by phorbol esters.


Input: No somatic mutations were found in any of the samples, suggesting that ING1 is not a tumor suppressor gene target in head and neck cancer.


Input: Ras-GRF1 transiently expressed with v-Src was tyrosine-phosphorylated and showed significant GEF activity toward Rac, but not Rho and Cdc42, which was comparable with that induced by Gbetagamma.

Ras

v-Src

GEF

Rac

Rho

Gbetagamma


Input: EMSA showed that nuclear proteins from PC12 but not C6 or Rat2 cells bind the CRE as a complex containing activating transcription factor (ATF)-4 and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein beta, while both PC12 and C6 cell nuclear extracts were recruited by the CCAAT-box as a complex containing nuclear factor Y.

activating transcription factor (ATF)-4

CCAAT enhancer-binding protein beta

nuclear factor Y


Input: EMSA showed that nuclear proteins from PC12 but not C6 or Rat2 cells bind the CRE as a complex containing activating transcription factor (ATF)-4 and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein beta, while both PC12 and C6 cell nuclear extracts were recruited by the CCAAT-box as a complex containing nuclear factor Y.

activating transcription factor (ATF)-4

CCAAT enhancer-binding protein beta

nuclear factor Y


Input: Despite resolution of the solid portion of the tumor, serial MRI showed enlargement of a bilobar tumor cyst 3 years after the original diagnosis.


Input: LPO and SOD levels were measured at five points before and during the operation.

SOD


Input: Sustained ventricular tachycardia and its successful prophylaxis during high-dose bolus interleukin-2 therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma.


Input: Second, when the NBF1 + R protein, the NBF2 protein, and a mixture of the two proteins were folded separately and analyzed by molecular sieve chomatography, the mixture was found to elute prior to either NBF1 + R or NBF2.

NBF1 + R protein

NBF2 protein

NBF1 + R


Input: Collectively, these experiments demonstrate that CFTR' s NBF1 + R region and its NBF2 domain, after folding separately as distinct units, have a strong propensity to interact and that this interaction is stable in the absence of added nucleotides or exogenously induced phosphorylation.

CFTR' s NBF1 + R region

NBF2 domain


Input: Copyright 2000 Academic Press.


Input: Sulfhydryl titration with iodoacetamide, monitored by quantitating the residual thiols after reaction with a maleimide derivative of biotin, revealed a striking difference in the apparent pK (a) values of the cysteines at the two splice junctions.


Input: After nitric oxide inhalation, the results showed moderate increases in PaO2 and SaO2 (P > 0. 05) and a significant decrease in Qs/Q tau ratio (P < 0. 01).


Input: The results showed that MIP, MMIF, FIC, Wimax, P0. 1 and minute ventilation (Vr) were significantly increased after administration of methylphenidatum and aminophylline.


Input: It has also been shown that a variety of extracellular factors stimulate a pair of MAPK p44 and MAPK p42 of MAPK family members.

MAPK family members


Input: Covalent modification of the transactivator protein IE2-p86 of human cytomegalovirus by conjugation to the ubiquitin-homologous proteins SUMO-1 and hSMT3b.

ubiquitin-homologous proteins SUMO-1


Input: 73: 658-666, 1999).


Input: The interaction between U (L) 3.


Input: Protamine and heparin doses, their sum (Sigma-dose) and differential (Delta-dose) doses, and activated clotting times were tabulated.

Protamine


Input: In this study, a common mechanism has been identified to coordinate the growth-and FC-dependent expression of caveolin.

caveolin


Input: Comparison of the plant nuclear tRNA 3' processing enzyme with the plant mitochondrial one suggests that both activities are different enzymes.


Input: NKX2. 1 is a member of the NK2 family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors whose targeted disruption in mouse results in the absence of thyroid tissue and a severely abnormal lung phenotype.

NKX2. 1

NK2 family

homeodomain-containing transcription factors


Input: National abortion laws usually do not allow abortion when a foetus is independently viable, i. e. from a gestational age of about 24 weeks.


Input: Deglutition is considered to be immature in infants and to mature postnatally.


Input: This repression does not require the PU. 1 transactivation or PEST domains and cannot be reversed by p300 expression.

PU. 1


Input: First, human erythroid K562 cells stably integrated with various HS-40 mutants cis linked to a human alpha-globin promoter-growth hormone hybrid gene were analyzed by genomic footprinting and expression analysis.

HS-40 mutants

human alpha-globin promoter

growth hormone


Input: Interestingly, addition of purified CBP to the nuclear extracts of T47D cells markedly stimulated progesterone-and PR-dependent transcription from a nucleosome-free, progesterone response element (PRE)-linked reporter DNA template.

CBP

PR


Input: Its cognate binding protein, REST/NRSF, is an essential transcription factor; its null mutations result in embryonic lethality, and its dominant negative mutants produce aberrant expression of neuron-specific genes.

REST

NRSF


Input: Removal of all core histone tail domains by limited trypsin proteolysis or acetylation of the core histone tails significantly relieves this inhibition and allows TFIIIA to exhibit high-affinity binding to nucleosomal DNA.

core histone

trypsin

core histone

TFIIIA


Input: OUTCOME: Acetylcholine receptor antibodies and single-fibre electromyogram were useful in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis.

Acetylcholine receptor antibodies


Input: Characterization of the 5'-flanking region of the human multidrug resistance protein 2 (MRP2) gene and its regulation in comparison withthe multidrug resistance protein 3 (MRP3) gene.

human multidrug resistance protein 2

multidrug resistance protein 3


Input: These results suggest that the M. jannaschii as well as related archaeal 20S proteasomes require a nucleotidase complex such as PAN to mediate the energy-dependent hydrolysis of folded-substrate proteins and that the N-terminal 73 amino acid residues of PAN are not absolutely required for this reaction.

archaeal 20S proteasomes

PAN

PAN


Input: The transcription factor E2F plays an important role in G (1) to S phase transition in the higher eukaryotic cell cycle.


Input: In two-field nodal dissection, two components are included with (modern two-field) or without (traditional two-field) nodal dissection around both recurrent laryngeal nerve chains in the upper mediastinum.


Input: Of the 153 patients studied, CK-MB results were positive in 91 (59%) patients; ECG revealed AMI in 72 (47%) patients.

CK-MB


Input: The effect of MIB on the dose-response curve of externally applied noradrenaline was also studied.


Input: The regional blockade of H1R was observed mainly in the frontal, temporal and anterior cingulate cortices, and the intravenous administration of d-chlorpheniramine as a therapeutic dose (2 mg) blocked over 60% of H1R in the frontal cortices.


Input: Linearized overall infection rates (events/100 patient-days) were 2. 05 +/-0. 33 (heart-lung) and 2. 34 +/-0. 34 (double-lung; P = NS) at 3 months.


Input: Static and dynamic compliance was measured after induction of anesthesia, before and immediately after filtration in the operating theater, 1 hour after return to the pediatric intensive care unit, and 24 hours after the operation.


Input: Antipyretic therapy: physiologic rationale, diagnostic implications, and clinical consequences.


Input: There is no correlation between C2-C3 disk morphology and the diskographically provoked response.


Input: KFC, a Ste20-like kinase with mitogenic potential and capability to activate the SAPK/JNK pathway.

KFC

Ste20-like kinase

SAPK

JNK


Input: We have mapped the human STAG3 gene to the 7q22 region of chromosome 7; six human STAG3-related genes have also been mapped: two at 7q22 near the functional gene, one at 7q11. 22, and three at 7q11. 23, two of them flanking the breakpoints commonly associated with the Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) deletion.

human STAG3 gene

human STAG3-related genes

Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) deletion


Input: Reaction time (RT) and P300 were collected simultaneously.


Input: In experiment 2 the rats had free access to two bottles, one of which contained tap water, and the other contained either an ethanol (6%) or a sucrose (5%) solution.


Input: Furthermore, Zelen' s method is used to balance the number of patients allocated to the two groups within each institution (M.


Input: RESULTS: In this group of patients, male gender (P = 0.


Input: Selective visual attention involves dynamic interplay between attentional control systems and sensory brain structures.


Input: The patient had developed left-sided low-frequency tremor and hemidystonia after a severe head trauma sustained at 15 years of age.


Input: However, the a1 isoform is expressed most heavily in brain and heart, a2 in liver and kidney, and a3 in liver, lung, heart, brain, spleen, and kidney.


Input: During the cloning by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of the human HIF-1alpha subunit, we isolated two cDNA clones which corresponded to alternative splicing of the HIF-1alpha gene.

reverse transcriptase

human HIF-1alpha subunit

HIF-1alpha gene


Input: To assess the relationship between G (q)/G (11) function with the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase dependent pathway, expression of a dominant-interfering p85 regulatory subunit, as well as wortmannin treatment inhibited insulin-stimulated but not G (q)/Q209L-stimulated GLUT4-EGFP translocation.

G (q)

G (11)

phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

p85 regulatory subunit

insulin

G (q)/Q209L

EGFP


Input: In endemic BL, the RB2/p130 gene is mutated in most of the cases, and the protein is restricted to the cytoplasm.


Input: Together, these data identify ERK2 as a specific and direct target of HePTP and are consistent with a model in which HePTP negatively regulates ERK2 activity as part of a feedback mechanism.

HePTP

HePTP


Input: Cross-reaction between a monoclonal antibody and two alpha beta T cell receptors.

alpha beta T cell receptors


Input: Strontium nitrate mixed with glycolic acid, in comparison with glycolic acid alone, markedly (p < 0. 01) shortened the duration of the irritation sensation from 24. 4 +/-4. 1 (mean +/-SEM) min to 8. 9 +/-3. 7 (mean +/-SEM) min, and significantly (p < 0. 05) reduced the mean magnitude of the irritation sensation at all time points (overall).


Input: The pCMBS-reactive sulfhydryl groups were located exclusively in the exofacial half of the plasma membrane and, when presented in a helical model, lie along one side of the helices.


Input: Analysis of 1 Mb of published sequence from the region of conserved synteny on human chromosome 5q31-q33 identified 45 gene candidates, including 35 expressed genes in the human IL-4 cytokine gene cluster.

human IL-4 cytokine gene cluster


Input: Human AP-2rep repressed both reporter expression from a transiently transfected AP-2alpha promoter and the endogenous AP-2alpha gene and inversely was negatively regulated by AP-2alpha.

Human AP-2rep

AP-2alpha promoter

AP-2alpha gene


Input: In order to gain deeper insight into the role of the amino-terminal domain of the p24 (CA) protein during viral replication, eight highly conserved proline residues known to promote turns and to terminate alpha-helices within the p24 tertiary structure were replaced by a leucine residue (P-position-L).

CA


Input: Clb/Cdc28 kinases promote nuclear export of the replication initiator proteins Mcm2-7.

Clb

replication initiator proteins Mcm2-7


Input: Cooperative roles of Bozozok/Dharma and Nodal-related proteins in the formation of the dorsal organizer in zebrafish.

Bozozok

Dharma

Nodal-related proteins


Input: Thiopentone sodium administered at 30 and 10 min before or 5, 10 and 15 min after exposure to NOC-5, but not thereafter, significantly attenuated NO-induced neurotoxicity compared with controls.


Input: We also show that zygotically activated Xretpos transcripts are restricted to ventro-posterior specific regions and induced by UV-irradiation and BMP-4 overexpression in cycloheximide-dependent way. genesis 26: 198-207, 2000.


Input: In all other cases, vestibular neurectomy or chemical vestibular labyrinthectomy, by means of intratympanic low concentration gentamicin (20 mg/mL), are indicated.


Input: However, when, where and how the DSPP is cleaved into DSP and DPP is not clear.

DSPP

DSP

DPP


Input: It has a grave prognosis with > 70% mortality in 3 months, despite mechanical ventilation.


Input: We found that TCR signaling induces AP-1 binding to this site and regulates the fasl promoter function in a fashion dependent on NF-kappaB binding.

TCR

fasl promoter

NF-kappaB


Input: Thus, patients with metastatic melanoma are not tolerant to gp100 Ag based on the detection of CD8 + T cells specific for multiple HLA-A * 0201-restricted, gp100-derived epitopes.

gp100 Ag

CD8 +

HLA-A * 0201


Input: Following the observation that non-organ-specific antibodies are related with pregnancy loss and preeclampsia, the role of organ-specific antibodies is currently being extensively investigated.


Input: The Mif1 5' flanking region contains a functional ER stress-responsive element which is sufficient for induction by tunicamycin.

Mif1 5' flanking region


Input: Rigid point feature registration using mutual information.


Input: Methysergide is a serotonin antagonist and has been demonstrated to reduce wound blood flow and edema formation.


Input: Serum leptin concentrations in women during gonadotropin stimulation cycles.

leptin

gonadotropin


Input: Valuing families: social work practice with families from a strengths perspective.


Input: PURPOSE: A two-generation consanguineous Pakistani family with autosomal recessive Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA, MIM 204, 000) and keratoconus was identified.


Input: Ste18p was targeted to the plasma membrane even in the absence of prenylation or thioacylation.


Input: Here, we show that IRF-1 is degraded via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.

ubiquitin


Input: Here we show that IIIa pre-mRNA splicing is activated more than 200-fold in nuclear extracts prepared from late adenovirus-infected cells (Ad-NE) compared to uninfected HeLa cell nuclear extracts (HeLa-NE).


Input: Inactivation of Ulp2 also suppresses several ulp1 (ts) defects, and the double mutant accumulates far fewer Smt3-protein conjugates than either single mutant.

ulp1 (ts)


Input: Cyclin A expression is repressed in quiescent cells by E2F acting in conjunction with its pocket protein partners Rb, p107, and p130; however, v-Jun overrides this control, causing phosphorylated Rb and proliferation-specific E2F-p107 complexes to persist after mitogen withdrawal.

Cyclin A

Rb

v-Jun

Rb


Input: D-cyclin-cdk activity is required for Rb phosphorylation in v-Jun-transformed cells, since ectopic expression of the cdk4-and cdk6-specific inhibitor p16 (INK4A) inhibits both DNA synthesis and cell proliferation.

D-cyclin

cdk

Rb

v-Jun


Input: CONCLUSION: A valve-like mechanism formed by the capsulorhexis rim partially adhered to the IOL optic can occur postoperatively.


Input: The protein first identified by the monoclonal antibody Q18 is encoded by a gene located in 57A on polytene chromosomes and has been consequently named Hrb57A.

monoclonal antibody Q18


Input: 3' RNA boundary experiments indicate that the 5' structure reduces the number of (G/U) AG repeats required for stable TRAP-trp leader RNA association.

TRAP

trp


Input: Gene silencing associated with repeated DNA sequences has been reported for many eukaryotes, including plants.


Input: Animals received a dose of dexamethasone (10 mg/kg i. p.) prior to the protein-free surfactant preparation Exosurf (pure phospholipids containing surfactant, Wellcome GmbH, Burgwedel, Germany) and a rSP-C based surfactant, respectively.


Input: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the response rates and toxicity of two regimens containing granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in combination with interleukin-2 (IL-2) in the treatment of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor

GM-CSF


Input: We show, by injection of synthetic mRNAs, that the cis-acting sequences responsible for repression of cyclin B1 mRNA reside within its 3' UTR.

cyclin B1 mRNA


Input: These data indicate that expansion of the dodecamer repeat located in the proximal promoter of CSTB severely disrupts the function of the promoter and thereby reduces transcription of CSTB.

CSTB

CSTB


Input: Thus, while the genomic organization of mHuA is similar to the neural-restricted members of the Elav family, the promoter element differs substantially both by sequence analysis and transcriptional activity in non-neural cell types.

mHuA

Elav family


Input: Analysis of the 5' end of the mouse Elavl1 (mHuA) gene reveals a transcriptional regulatory element and evidence for conserved genomic organization. mHuA (Elavl1) belongs to a highly conserved family of genes encoding RNA-binding proteins and has been linked to cell growth and proliferation through its regulation of mRNA stability.

mouse Elavl1

mHuA

mHuA


Input: Fgd3 and FGD1 share a high degree of sequence identity that spans > 560 contiguous amino acid residues.


Input: Molecular cloning of mouse thioredoxin reductases.

mouse thioredoxin reductases


Input: The HPLC method involves an octadecylsilane column at 55 degrees C, a mixture of water-acetonitrile-orthophosphoric acid (779: 220: 1, v/v) as mobile phase and detection at 226 nm.


Input: CYC2 encodes a 24-kDa protein that has sequence identity to the Neurospora crassa PREG1 and the S. cerevisiae PHO80 cyclin.

Neurospora crassa PREG1

S. cerevisiae PHO80 cyclin


Input: To determine if CYC2 is found in a complex with previously identified trypanosome cdc2-related kinases (CRKs), the CYC2 gene was fused to the TY epitope tag, integrated into the trypanosome genome, and expressed under inducible control.

trypanosome cdc2-related kinases

CRKs

CYC2 gene

TY epitope


Input: These findings indicate the involvement of Sp1 and an Inr in non-cell-specific regulation and a Kruppel-like transcription factor and Sp1 in the cell-specific regulation of the LTC (4) S gene.

Kruppel-like transcription factor

LTC (4) S gene


Input: Here we review progress to date in this area.


Input: Additionally, the mouse promoter contains 22 copies of a CT dinucleotide repeat sequence located approximately 155 bp 5' to exon 1.


Input: The newly defined region contains an intron that may be alternatively spliced and seven polyadenylation signal sequences.


Input: Depleted and enriched U3O8 standard reference materials were used to calibrate the system.


Input: Therefore, the positive cAMP control of the hypoxic SRP1 and HEM13 genes was uncoupled from the HOG pathway.

HEM13 genes

HOG


Input: This paper reviews the middleware-based approach adopted by CEN ENV 12967-1 and the specialisation necessary for the healthcare record based on CEN ENV 12265' Electronic Healthcare Record Architecture'.


Input: Sequence analyses of sos2 mutant alleles reveal that both the N-terminal catalytic domain and the C-terminal regulatory domain of SOS2 are functionally essential.

sos2 mutant alleles


Input: A mutation which abrogates the binding of these factors reduces Wp reporter activity specifically in B cell lines, whereas a mutation which converts the site to a consensus CREB-binding sequence maintains wild-type promoter function.

Wp reporter

CREB-binding sequence


Input: Therefore the binding sites for liver-enriched factors, present in the hamster CYP7A1 proximal promoter in close vicinity and conserved between species, constitute a regulatory unit important for basal hepatic expression and tissue restriction of the action of hormones such as insulin.

hamster CYP7A1 proximal promoter

insulin


Input: The kinase activity of PfPK6 is sensitive to CDK inhibitors such as olomoucine and roscovitine.

CDK


Input: Although MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinases are implicated in cell proliferation and differentiation in many cell types, the role of MAP kinases in cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear.

MAP (mitogen-activated protein) kinases

MAP kinases


Input: Transfection with a CSF-1R expression plasmid permitted CSF-1-dependent activation of the signalling pathway targeting an Ets/AP1 (activator protein 1) element in the uPA promoter that has been shown previously to be a target of oncogenic ras and protein kinase C pathways.

Ets

activator protein 1

uPA promoter

oncogenic ras


Input: Regulation of urokinase plasminogen activator gene transcription in the RAW264 murine macrophage cell line by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF-1) is dependent upon the level of cell-surface receptor.

urokinase plasminogen activator gene

macrophage colony-stimulating factor


Input: Molecule (s) secreted by neuronal cultures contribute to this induction of GLT-1, but little is known about the signaling pathways mediating this regulation.


Input: Coactivation of endogenous or exogenous G (q)-coupled receptors with the delta-opioid receptor produced strong stimulations of PLCbeta and such responses could be partially blocked by pertussis toxin.

G (q)-coupled receptors

delta-opioid receptor

PLCbeta

pertussis toxin


Input: Patients enrolled in the Integrilin to Minimize Platelet Aggregation and Coronary Thrombosis-II (IMPACT-II) trial were analyzed.


Input: The Wnt signaling pathway functions reiteratively during animal development to control cell fate decisions.

Wnt


Input: This mutation no longer repressed the HPV-11 upstream regulatory region-controlled reporter expression.


Input: In the icosahaedral MVMi capsid, this sequence forms the carboxy end of the amphipathic beta-strand I (betaI), and all its basic residues are contiguously positioned at the face that in the unassembled subunit would be exposed to solvent.


Input: The two contiguous IGF2 (human insulin-like growth factor II) and H19 genes are reciprocally imprinted in both human and mouse.

human insulin-like growth factor II

H19 genes


Input: The asymmetric methylation was associated with tissue-specific disruption of H19 genomic imprinting in fetal brain.


Input: Early treatment mechanics of the Class II division 2 malocclusion.


Input: The consensus highlights the importance of residues other than the eight motifs that are often associated with DEAD-box RNA helicases, as well as de-emphasising the importance of the " A " residue within the " DEAD " motif.

DEAD-box RNA helicases


Input: In transient assays, using rice suspension-cultured cells transformed by particle bombardment, we showed previously that Oshox1 can transcriptionally repress the activity of reporter gene constructs with upstream HD-Zip binding sites.

HD-Zip


Input: Results of two-hybrid assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays strongly suggest that all HD-Zip proteins of families I and II can form homodimers and also heterodimers with all HD-Zip proteins of the same family.

HD-Zip proteins

HD-Zip proteins


Input: Among mammalian HSFs, HSF1 has been shown to be important for regulation of the heat-induced stress gene expression, whereas the function of HSF2 in stress response is unclear.

mammalian HSFs


Input: Importantly, concomitant expression of constitutive activated Raf and V12N38 Ras results in almost complete loss of TTF-1 activity.

Raf

V12N38 Ras


Input: They share many downstream targets, including remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton, activation of p70 (S6) kinase and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and regulation of transcription and cell proliferation.

actin

p70 (S6) kinase

c-jun N-terminal kinase

JNK


Input: Expression of activated Cdc42 results in the translocation of PKClambda from the nucleus into the cytosol, and Cdc42 and PKClambda colocalize at the plasma membrane and in the cytoplasm.

PKClambda

PKClambda


Input: Copyright 2000 Academic Press.


Input: Southern blotting and single strand conformation polymorphism analyses did not show tumor-specific alterations of this gene in gliomas and RT-PCR studies showed expression in glioma cell lines, suggesting that ANOVA is not the chromosome 19q glioma tumor suppressor gene.

ANOVA


Input: Enzyme I of the phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system.

Enzyme I

phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase


Input: Based on these data, we conclude that transcription of prgX is initiated from the Qa promoter in prgQ, and PrgX autoregulates its transcription either by mediating transcriptional readthrough or increasing mRNA stability.

prgX

Qa promoter

prgQ

PrgX


Input: It was established that intrathecal or intraperitoneal PTFL, elevated the nociceptive threshold for mechanical stimuli in the formalin test in rats.


Input: Molecular mimicry of human cytokine and cytokine response pathway genes by KSHV.


Input: Family environment was an important influence on interpersonal relationships, substance use, and social support.


Input: By electrophoresis mobility shift assays using probes corresponding to different segments of the putative human c-myb intron 1 transcription pause region and nuclear extracts from myeloid leukemia HL 60 and fibroblast WI 38 cells, we detected a HL-60-specific DNA-protein complex with a 123-bp fragment containing binding sites for the interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) nuclear proteins.

human c-myb intron 1 transcription pause region

interferon regulatory factors

IRFs


Input: STUDY DESIGN: Fine needle aspiration cytologic smears from 21 cases of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) of breast were subjected to detailed cytomorphologic analysis.


Input: Electrophile Response Elements (EpREs), located in 5'-flanking sequences of both the GCSh and GCSl subunit genes, are hypothesized to at least partially mediate gene induction following xenobiotic exposure.

GCSh

GCSl subunit genes


Input: A new technique to create an artificial stenosis in the native LAD using a hemoclip.


Input: Dll3 is mutated in the X-ray-induced mouse mutant pudgy (pu), causing a variety of vertebrocostal defects similar to SD phenotypes.

mouse mutant pudgy

pu


Input: TbRAB31 behaviour was also studied during the cell cycle; TbRAB31 always localised to a discrete structure that duplicated very early in mitosis and relocated to daughter cells in a coordinate manner with the basal body and kinetoplast, suggesting the involvement of microtubules.


Input: Invertases are responsible for the breakdown of sucrose to fructose and glucose.

Invertases


Input: To investigate the molecular mechanisms of this Tax-mediated inhibition, we analyzed its effect on the transcriptional activity of the myogenic MyoD protein, which was used as a paradigm of bHLH factors.

Tax

MyoD protein

bHLH factors


Input: The human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax protein represses MyoD-dependent transcription by inhibiting MyoD-binding to the KIX domain of p300.

human T cell leukemia/lymphotropic virus type 1 Tax protein

MyoD

MyoD

KIX domain


Input: Phosphorylation and spindle pole body localization of the Cdc15p mitotic regulatory protein kinase in budding yeast.

Cdc15p mitotic regulatory protein kinase in budding yeast


Input: Thus, both the hyperplasia and thrombotic complications which often follow stenting might be minimized by employing gold stents, which have a greater capacity than steel in supporting a functional neo-endothelium.


Input: The cell cycle and transcriptional defects caused by taf17 (slm7-1) are consistent with the role of TAF (II) s as modulators of transcriptional activation and may reflect a role for TAF17 in regulating activation by SBF and MBF.

TAF (II) s

SBF

MBF


Input: Proteolysis of Mbp1 and Swi4 DNA-protein complexes has revealed the extent of these sequences, and C-terminally extended molecules with substantially enhanced DNA binding activity compared to the core domains alone have been produced.

Swi4 DNA-protein complexes


Input: These results indicate that residue 266 serves as a " protein sensor " of altered minor groove interactions and identifies which base pair interactions are altered by these lesions.


Input: The recombinant enzymes exist as monomers.


Input: A pathway for regulation of B lymphocyte antigen receptor-induced calcium flux.

B lymphocyte antigen receptor


Input: We now describe a second RIM protein, called RIM2, that is highly homologous to RIM1 and also expressed primarily in brain.

RIM protein


Input: Inhibitor-1 (I-1) and inhibitor-2 (I-2) selectively inhibit type 1 protein serine/threonine phosphatases (PP1).

type 1 protein serine/threonine phosphatases


Input: The substrates for glycan synthesis in the lumen of the Golgi are nucleotide sugars that must be transported from the cytosol by specific membrane-bound transporters.


Input: Synaptic targeting of the postsynaptic density protein PSD-95 mediated by a tyrosine-based trafficking signal.

postsynaptic density protein PSD-95


Input: (1998) J.


Input: Both normal and transforming PCPH proteins have guanosine diphosphatase activity but only the oncoprotein cooperates with Ras in activating extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK1.

PCPH proteins

guanosine diphosphatase

Ras

extracellular signal-regulated kinase ERK1


Input: These results indicate that virulence-associated genes and their overall chromosomal arrangement are relatively well conserved between B. henselae and other gram-negative bacteria such as A. tumefaciens.


Input: An important mechanism by which the tumor suppressor p53 maintains genomic stability is to induce cell cycle arrest through activation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 (WAF1/Cip1) gene.

cyclin-dependent kinase


Input: Paxillin acts as an adaptor molecule in integrin signaling.

Paxillin

integrin


Input: Thus, growth factor activation of ER can mediate transactivation vs ER/Sp1 binding to GC-rich sites and represents a novel pathway for ligand-independent ER action.

ER

ER

ER


Input: Furthermore, analysis of deletion promoter-reporter constructs found that the basal activity of P2 resided in the proximal region of P2.


Input: RESULTS: Auditory thresholds collected during audiometric tests increased gradually in proportion with age, especially in the hypertensive group (p < 0. 05).


Input: In addition, the transcription of c-IAP2 promoter was strongly up-regulated when CD40 or Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 was overexpressed.

c-IAP2 promoter

Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1


Input: A variety of professional and self-applied fluoride products are available and new fluoride delivery systems have recently entered the market.


Input: These studies identify several of the signal-transduction events involved in the apoptosis of malignant B cells that transpire following ligation of CD20 by anti-CD20 antibodies in the presence of Fc-receptor-expressing cells or secondary goat anti-(mouse Ig) antibodies and which may contribute to the tumor regressions observed in mouse models and clinical trials.

anti-CD20 antibodies

Fc-receptor

anti-(mouse Ig) antibodies


Input: Phenazone potentiates the local anaesthetic effect of lidocaine in mice.


Input: The solubility of all the mutated proteins was remarkably reduced.


Input: Recently, identical RBE sequences have been identified at other locations in the human genome.

RBE sequences


Input: EM analysis demonstrated that only one Rep-DNA complex was formed on ch-19 target DNA.

Rep-DNA complex


Input: The protein was associated with purified vaccinia virus particles and with membranes of immature and mature virions that were visualized by electron microscopy of infected cells.


Input: CONCLUSION: More than 50% of patients with perennial rhinitis and CRS do not improve after surgery, a response that may be predicted by more cells expressing IL-5 mRNA in the ethmoid sinuses.

IL-5 mRNA


Input: On the basis of size, the CRS sequence to which it binds, and its tentative identification as a zinc finger protein, Adx factor has been identified as a Kruppel-like zinc finger protein (a mouse ZBP-89 homologue).

zinc finger protein

Adx factor

Kruppel-like zinc finger protein

mouse ZBP-89 homologue


Input: METHODS: The most distal muscle fibres from the deep and superficial finger flexors were measured relative to the pisiform bone in 18 cadaveric specimens.


Input: Here we report on the isolation of ICK2, and show that it interacts with Cdc2aAt, but not with a second CDK from Arabidopsis, Cdc2bAt.

CDK from Arabidopsis


Input: Systemic impact of risk-sharing arrangements.


Input: METHODS: We determined an odds ratio (OR), as a measure of the relative risk of being exposed to a potential interaction, comparing the use of the H2-receptor antagonist, cimetidine, with that of the noninteracting agents ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine in users and nonusers of warfarin, phenytoin and theophylline.


Input: The prevalence of malnutrition was 30% in the 47 patients without CVD and was significantly higher (70%, P < 0. 001) in the 70 patients with CVD, who also had lower tHcy, SAlb, plasma IGF-1, serum creatinine (SCr), and blood hemoglobin.

plasma IGF-1

blood hemoglobin


Input: Our data suggest that, at least at high temperature, a critical minimal level of Ypt protein prenylation is required for maintaining vesicle polarization.

Ypt protein


Input: The second functional pair of CreA sites is located between the two transcription initiation sites.

CreA sites


Input: A distinct staining pattern for the N-utrophin was not detectable, although it was expected to localise at the actin stress fibers.

N-utrophin

actin


Input: The' Newcastle' model, which is based on Hotelling' s T2 statistic, proved to be more sensitive and diagnosed a systematic displacement for three prostate patients.


Input: The MMA, DMA, and TMA methyltransferases are not homologs; however, like the MMA methyltransferase gene, the genes encoding the DMA and TMA methyltransferases each contain a single in-frame amber codon.

MMA, DMA, and TMA methyltransferases

MMA methyltransferase gene

DMA and TMA methyltransferases


Input: After phosphorylation, STAT proteins are transported into the nucleus and exhibit transcriptional activity.

STAT proteins


Input: Overexpression of mcl-1 is sufficient to protect against apoptosis, while transfection of a mcl-1 antisense plasmid causes cell death.


Input: Thus, although multiple senescence pathways are activated in response to a ras oncogene, inactivation of TGFbeta1 secretion or response is sufficient to block the senescence program.

ras oncogene


Input: In this study, the abilities of constitutive and conditional forms of the three Raf kinases to abrogate the cytokine dependency of FDC-P1 cells were examined.

Raf kinases


Input: Application of the method to a representative set of 50 known genes from Arabidopsis thaliana showed significant improvement in prediction accuracy compared to previous spliced alignment methods.


Input: The complete cDNA sequence of human betaV spectrin is available from GenBank (TM) as accession number.

human betaV spectrin


Input: Transactivation of naturally occurring HIV-1 long terminal repeats by the JNK signaling pathway.

HIV-1 long terminal repeats

JNK


Input: The mode of resistance to quinupristin/dalfopristin was not evident (sat A-negative by PCR); and these cases illustrate the existence of streptogramin-resistant isolates before the introduction of this antimicrobial class into human clinical practice.


Input: This study was carried out to analyze PRL secretion in metastatic prostate cancer patients both at basal conditions and in response to L-Dopa and metoclopramide, which represents the most classical inhibitory and stimulatory tests for PRL secretion, respectively.

PRL

PRL


Input: Integrin adhesion receptors transduce signals that control complex cell functions which require the regulation of gene expression, such as proliferation, differentiation and survival.

Integrin adhesion receptors


Input: Recombination, replication, repair: from complexity to harmony.


Input: Hex is expressed in the developing liver coincident with the forkhead/winged helix transcription factor, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3beta (HNF3beta).

Hex

forkhead

winged helix

Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3beta


Input: As an extension of our structural characterization of the exon-intron organization of the mouse Pkr gene, we now have isolated and characterized the mouse Pkr promoter region required for IFN-inducible transcription.

mouse Pkr gene

mouse Pkr promoter region

IFN


Input: The CRE, 5'-TGACGTCA-3', has been described as the consensus sequence for the cis-element that directs cAMP-regulated gene expression.


Input: Kidney length did not significantly differ between right and left, however, kidney width, cortical thickness and size did (p < 0. 05).