Input: Potential indicators were assessed for the two classifications of protein-energy malnutrition in the guidelines for integrated management of childhood illness: severe malnutrition, which requires immediate referral to hospital, and very low weight, which calls for feeding assessment, nutritional counselling and follow-up.


Input: Despite its requirement for enhancer-dependent splicing activity in vitro, the dU2AF38 RS domain was also inessential in vivo.

dU2AF38 RS domain


Input: In vitro binding studies using GST fusion proteins and yeast extracts defined distinct binding sites on yAP180A for Pan1p and clathrin. yAP180 proteins and Pan1p, like actin, localize to peripheral patches along the plasma membrane.

GST

clathrin

yAP180 proteins

actin


Input: In vitro affinity analyses demonstrated that recombinant 130-kD protein directly interacts with ZO-1 and the cytoplasmic domain of occludin, but not with ZO-2.

occludin


Input: Cytochrome b in human complex II (succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase): cDNA cloning of the components in liver mitochondria and chromosome assignment of the genes for the large (SDHC) and small (SDHD) subunits to 1q21 and 11q23.

Cytochrome b

human complex II

succinate-ubiquinone oxidoreductase

SDHC

SDHD


Input: A possible decrease in theophylline' s volume of distribution at 4 days, but not immediately, after administration of chloroquine was suggested, although this just failed to achieve statistical significance (p = 0. 055).


Input: The addition of a Paf-containing extract does not lead to significant protein binding to these two hly target sequences in the absence of PrfA but converts the complex (CIII) consisting of PrfA and the 109 bp hly DNA fragment to a slower migrating PrfA-Paf-DNA complex (CI).

Paf

hly target sequences

PrfA

PrfA

109 bp hly DNA fragment

PrfA

Paf


Input: ROCK-I, Kinectin, and mDia2 can bind the wild type forms of both RhoA and Cdc42 in a GTP-dependent manner in vitro.

ROCK-I

Kinectin

RhoA


Input: Among three isoforms, the beta isoform has the greatest Vmax value for the PtdIns (4) P kinase activity and the gamma isoform is most markedly stimulated by phosphatidic acid.

PtdIns (4) P kinase


Input: The beta subunit of the heterotrimeric G proteins that transduce signals across the plasma membrane is made up of an amino-terminal alpha-helical segment followed by seven repeating units called WD (Trp-Asp) repeats that occur in about 140 different proteins.

heterotrimeric G proteins


Input: Two differentially expressed LNX messages encode overlapping proteins with predicted molecular masses of 80 kDa (LNX) and 70 kDa (LNX-b).

LNX messages

80 kDa (LNX)

70 kDa (LNX-b)


Input: In contrast, the contractile action of arachidonic acid, via a presumed cyclooxygenase product that mediated the contractions caused by both TF and EGF, was not blocked by any of the signal pathway probe inhibitors.

cyclooxygenase

TF

EGF


Input: On a separate occasion the T1 weighted and T2 weighted sagittal and T2 weighted axial sequences were reported blind in relation to the initial assessment.


Input: The iron dependence of transcription and expression of cvaA, which encodes a transporter accessory protein, and cvi, encoding the colicin V immunity protein, was assessed under conditions of iron excess or depletion.

cvaA

cvi

colicin V immunity protein


Input: Furthermore, the deletion of bcp from the chromosome had no effect on gcv-lacZ expression.

bcp

gcv

lacZ


Input: Of these sites, PEA3 and STAT contributed specifically to induction by v-src, whereas the remaining elements were also involved in induction by the phorbol ester phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).

STAT

v-src


Input: BRCA1 protein contains an amino-terminal zinc finger motif and a carboxy-terminal acidic region.

BRCA1 protein


Input: The mitochondrial regulatory region (mrr) located between the tRNAPhe and tRNAPro genes of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is essential for regulation of replication and transcription of the mitochondrial genome.

mitochondrial regulatory region

mrr

tRNAPhe

tRNAPro genes


Input: In this report, we investigate the mechanism underlying Ras activation upon stimulation of these two types of receptors in hematopoietic cells.

Ras


Input: Thus, Sir proteins from K. lactis have roles in both silencing and telomere length maintenance, reflecting conserved functional themes.

Sir proteins


Input: These mutants were tested for ability to bind each of the Site II cognate proteins, and subsequently evaluated for ability to confer H4 transcriptional activity using chimeric H4 promoter/CAT fusion constructs in different cell types.

Site II cognate proteins

CAT


Input: Increased plasma IgE was also confirmed in the NC mice, and treatment with FK506 ointment reduced the plasma IgE level.

IgE

IgE


Input: Furthermore, in the ischemia/angiotension II-induced AHF model, NIC decreased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP).

angiotension II


Input: Group A (68. 7 +/-2. 7 years) consisted of patients with 0 or 1 risk factors; B (68. 3 +/-4. 2 years) those with 2 risk factors; and C (69. 2 +/-3. 6 years) those with 3 or more risk factors.


Input: We further demonstrate that RU486-PR-B interacts physically with NCoR in vitro.

PR-B

NCoR


Input: PRL receptor also activates SHP-2, a cytosolic tyrosine phosphatase.

PRL receptor

cytosolic tyrosine phosphatase


Input: The dominant negative mutant of SHP-2 was found to inhibit the induction of tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA-binding activity of m-Stat5a, m-Stat5b, and the carboxyl-terminal deletion variant m-Stat5adelta749, as well as the transactivation potential of m-Stat5a and m-Stat5b.


Input: CONCLUSIONS: These routinely collected data provided quantitative estimates of changes in CBZ Cl/F due to comedication and an age-related decrease in Cl/F The derived regression equations reasonably predicted concentrations in a separate validation set.


Input: Sites 1 and 4 in lumican and keratocan are in a homologous location.

lumican

keratocan


Input: ATP-dependent assembly of a ternary complex consisting of a DNA mismatch and the yeast MSH2-MSH6 and MLH1-PMS1 protein complexes.


Input: Mutation of the central Tyr497 to Phe blocks the tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and diminishes proliferation in response to IL-4.

insulin receptor substrate 1


Input: Instead, it contained two tandem kappaB elements and a variant activating transcription factor/cAMP response element site, which closely resembled sites in the E-selectin gene that are required for TNF-alpha-or LPS-inducible expression.

kappaB elements

activating transcription factor/cAMP response element

E-selectin gene

TNF-alpha


Input: Interestingly, the activated PDGF beta-receptor was found not to bind Crk proteins.

PDGF beta-receptor

Crk proteins


Input: Furthermore, interactions were identified between endogenous E-cadherin and the chimera containing the E-cadherin extracellular domain and the desmoglein 1 intracellular domain providing in vivo evidence for previously predicted lateral interactions of E-cadherin extracellular domains.

endogenous E-cadherin

E-cadherin extracellular domain

desmoglein 1 intracellular domain

E-cadherin extracellular domains


Input: The ether phospholipid 1-O-octadecyl-2-O-methyl-rac-glycero-3-phosphocholine (ET-18-OCH3; edelfosine) is a potent inducer of apoptosis in human tumor cells.


Input: In addition to a previously characterized promoter (P1), we now show the existence of a second promoter for the human IL-5Ralpha gene.

human IL-5Ralpha gene


Input: Serum levels of testosterone also showed no significant changes by exposure to p, p'-DDE under the conditions of this study.


Input: Overall agreement between rest/postnitroglycerin technetium-99m tetrofosmin SPET studies and rest/redistribution or rest/reinjection thallium-201 SPET studies, regarding the presence of myocardial viability, was 87% and 90%, respectively.


Input: Their use resulted in a sensitivity of 73% and a specificity of 74% with regard to predictability of ALT levels increasing during the trial.

ALT


Input: One hundred replicate data sets of 100 subjects each were simulated for each missing data scenario.


Input: Spatial accuracy of primary and secondary memory-guided saccades in schizophrenic patients.


Input: Successful treatment with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (8. 3 +/-1. 5 cmH2O) for 3 days caused a significant decrease in mean blood pressure in OSAS.


Input: When data were expressed in a cumulative manner, the response to intravenous adenosine 3 mg, 6 mg, 9 mg and 12 mg in the 24 episodes of PSVT were 5 episodes (21%), 16 episodes (67%), 20 episodes (83%) and 20 episodes (83%) respectively.


Input: RNAs are not only essential components of both ribosomal subunits but also transiently interacting factors during particle formation.


Input: To study retinoid signalling in zebrafish embryos, we developed a novel method to detect endogenous retinoids in situ in embryos, using a fusion protein of the ligand inducible transactivation domain of a retinoic acid receptor and a heterologous DNA binding domain.

retinoic acid receptor


Input: Fluorescence in situ hybridization of metaphase spreads of chromosome 8, containing hybrid cell line 706-B6 clone 17 (CL-17) with cosmid c101F1, placed the 9804 gene close to the telomere at 8q24. 3.

9804 gene


Input: Cell survival by Epo did not require activation of other known signaling pathways including PI-3 kinase, PLC-gamma, Ras or Stats.

Epo

PI-3 kinase

PLC-gamma

Ras

Stats


Input: The N-syndecan-dependent neurite outgrowth is inhibited by the tyrosine kinase inhibitors herbimycin A and PP1.

tyrosine kinase


Input: An in vivo ZAP-70 substrate, SLP-76, implicated in Erk activation, also became rapidly tyrosine-phosphorylated in Jurkat cells, but not in P116 cells, upon treatment with H2O2.

Erk


Input: The pharmacokinetic patterns of estradiol (CAS 50-28-2) and of estrone (CAS 53-16-7) were investigated in 18 women in natural or surgical menopause during the application of a new estradiol transdermal patch with active matrix and without absorption enhancers designed for epicutaneous applications of 7 days (hereinafter called " patch 7D ").


Input: Conversely, the central regions are highly variable.


Input: Among the H/ACA snoRNAs associated with Gar1p, one can distinguish a large group of snoRNAs that are not essential in yeast and serve as guides for pseudouridine synthesis onto the pre-rRNA molecule.

H/ACA snoRNAs


Input: Further studies demonstrated that the PPARalpha ligand 8 (S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid strongly promotes the interaction of PPARalpha with the co-activator RIP-140 but decreases the interaction of PPARalpha with the co-repressor SMRT.

PPARalpha

PPARalpha

PPARalpha

SMRT


Input: We previously demonstrated that acute expression of the bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV1) E2 protein in HeLa and HT-3 cervical carcinoma cell lines greatly reduced cellular proliferation by imposing a specific G1/S phase growth arrest.

E2 protein


Input: Four possible isoforms (hGli2 alpha, beta, gamma, and delta) are formed by combinations of two independent alternative splicings, and all the isoforms could bind to a DNA motif, TRE2S, in the LTR.

hGli2 alpha, beta, gamma, and delta


Input: Specialized actin tails that propel IEV particles to the periphery and virus-tipped microvilli (both common in wild-type-infected cells) were absent in cells infected with vA33delta.

actin


Input: Their mean IOP was 15. 3 (SD 3. 7) mmHg prior to induction of anesthesia, 13. 5 (SD 3. 5) mmHg after loss of eyelash reflex following injection of methohexitone, 16. 1 (SD 2. 4) mmHg after cessation of muscle fasciculations induced by suxamethonium, 19. 2 (SD 5. 6) mmHg after cessation of convulsion and 15. 5 (SD 4. 4) mmHg following resumption of regular spontaneous respiration.


Input: A cDNA, cak1At, was isolated that suppressed the CAK mutation in budding yeast, and it also complemented a fission yeast CAK mutant. cak1At encodes a protein related to animal CAKs.

CAK mutation

fission yeast CAK mutant

animal CAKs


Input: Post-translational modifications such as glycosylation and phosphorylation could be excluded as potential explanations for the protein heterogeneity.


Input: In addition to restoring checkpoint control, overexpression of sum1 + inhibits the normal cell cycle response to osmotic stress.

sum1 +


Input: Ime1 plays a pivotal role in the initiation of meiosis in a/alpha diploid cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


Input: Rhesus macaques and BALB/c mice inoculated with the Mengo virus SIV recombinants failed to develop CTL responses against the SIV gene products, while one of the HIV-Nef recombinants induced a weak CTL response in mice directed to an HIV1 Nef peptide spanning positions 182-198.

HIV-Nef recombinants

HIV1 Nef peptide


Input: Deltamethrin was most effective on the thatched surface and produced 100% mortality of An. culicifacies adults up to 12 weeks, even when exposed at the lowest dose/12. 5 mg/m2.


Input: Trichloroethylene, in turn, increased the AUC 5. 0 (1. 9-13. 4), 25. 8 (8. 2-80. 8) and 2. 9 (1. 6-5. 4), respectively, whereas the corresponding values for n-hexane were 1. 9 (0. 7-5. 1), 1. 5 (0. 5-4. 6), and 3. 2 (1. 8-5. 9).


Input: Solution structure of the IRF-2 DNA-binding domain: a novel subgroup of the winged helix-turn-helix family.

IRF-2 DNA-binding domain

winged helix-turn-helix family


Input: In contrast, receptor/G protein coupling appeared unaffected by expression of loop 3i domains derived from two receptors coupled to G (i/o) proteins (M2Ach-muscarinic and alpha2A-adrenergic receptors).

receptor/G protein

G (i/o) proteins

M2Ach-muscarinic and alpha2A-adrenergic receptors


Input: These data indicate that the third intracellular loop of the rat GnRH-R is involved in receptor G (q/11) protein coupling and/or selectivity, and in the GGH (3) 1' cell line, this loop is also involved in signal transduction mediated through the Gs protein pathway.

rat GnRH-R

receptor G (q/11) protein

Gs


Input: Decreased levels of alpha2-antiplasmin were also observed in the mediastinum (0. 50 versus 0. 61 U/mL; p < 0. 05).


Input: A catalytic domain of eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase I.

eukaryotic DNA topoisomerase I


Input: A cluster of basic amino acids, KKKR, generated by joining of the sequences encoded by the constitutive exon 13 and the alternative exon 16, is necessary for the nuclear targeting of 4. 1H, as demonstrated by site-directed mutagenesis analysis.

4. 1H


Input: All three genes have been mapped precisely to a small region on human chromosome 16p12. 1-p11. 2 (homologous to mouse chromosome 7), using somatic cell hybrids and cosmid clones.


Input: In fus3 mutants, the levels of Ty1 RNA, protein synthesis, and proteolytic processing were not altered relative to those in FUS3 strains but steady-state levels of TyA, integrase, and reverse transcriptase proteins and Ty1 cDNA were all increased.

fus3 mutants

Ty1 RNA

TyA

integrase

reverse transcriptase

Ty1 cDNA


Input: Posttranslational regulation of Ty1 retrotransposition by mitogen-activated protein kinase Fus3.

mitogen-activated protein kinase Fus3


Input: Their function is not only to recruit Pho2 to the promoter but to allow cooperative binding of Pho4 together with Pho2.


Input: Substitution of the Ser-Thr sites with the phosphomimetic Asp generated a constitutively active form of IRF-3 that functioned as a very strong activator of promoters containing PRDI-PRDIII or ISRE regulatory elements.

PRDI

PRDIII

ISRE regulatory elements


Input: New-onset angina preceding acute myocardial infarction is associated with improved contractile recovery after thrombolysis.


Input: In this study, the effect of acute administration of various doses of malathion via oral and dermal routes to mice and rats on serum levels of histamine was evaluated.


Input: Fetal growth retardation as a cause of impaired ovarian development.


Input: Similarly, PCDFs/PCDDs ratio in ESP ash was lower than that in boiler ash.


Input: In addition to DNA-protein interactions, protein-protein interactions with partner proteins often play major roles in targeting ETS-domain proteins to specific promoters.

ETS-domain proteins


Input: The complete exon-intron organization of the murine gene encoding M-protein, a structural protein of sarcomeric myofibrils, was determined.

M-protein


Input: PURPOSE: To introduce an image analysis of the cornea in photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for preoperative and early postoperative determination of changes in the condition of the cornea.


Input: Mean +/-SD serum VEGF concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0. 001) in women with PCO and PCOS (3. 4 +/-0. 7 and 3. 2 +/-0. 66 ng/ml respectively) compared with women with normal ovaries (2. 3 +/-0. 5 ng/ml).

serum VEGF


Input: Strikingly, these cells contain a missense mutation of the p53 gene at codon 242 (p53 (242)), which substitutes alanine for glycine.

p53 gene


Input: The new algorithm, called RBI-MAP, is based on the rescaled block iterative EM (RBI-EM) algorithm.


Input: A third ORF, ORF5, shows homology with gene agrB from Staphylococcus aureus, which is involved in the mechanism of regulation of the virulence phenotype in this species.

gene agrB


Input: An association between hSIE and Stat-3 after MHC-I ligation was directly demonstrated by precipitating Stat-3 from nuclear extracts with biotinylated hSIE probe and avidin-coupled agarose.

hSIE

MHC-I

hSIE

avidin


Input: Transcriptional repression mediated by LysR-type regulator CatR bound at multiple binding sites.

LysR-type regulator CatR


Input: Two of these resulted in increased levels of the alpha subunit, and one caused a substitution of glycine for the aspartic acid residue at position 171, in the N-terminal domain.


Input: These two mRNA species are produced by differential polyadenylation site usage.


Input: Finally, a role for NF-kappaB in preventing apoptosis induced by ER calcium release was demonstrated by data showing that sAPPalpha prevents thapsigargin-induced apoptosis, an effect blocked by kappaB decoy DNA.

NF-kappaB

sAPPalpha

kappaB


Input: Many cytokine receptors employ Janus protein tyrosine kinases (Jaks) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (Stats) for nuclear signaling.

Janus protein tyrosine kinases

Jaks

signal transducers and activators of transcription

Stats


Input: A site-directed R618K mutation in the Stat5 SH2 domain abolished the phosphorylation by Jak2, while deletion of the C terminus led to Stat5 hyperphosphorylation.

Stat5 SH2 domain


Input: Specifically, recombination at HMR was used to produce rings that lacked the E and I silencers.

HMR


Input: In angiodysplasia, ectatic vessels in the mucosa appeared to contain less collagen type IV than similarly sized vessels in the submucosa, and perforating vessels appeared in many cases to lose staining at the level of the muscularis mucosae.

collagen type IV


Input: We studied the human vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) in response to head' impulses': brief, unpredictable, passive, high-acceleration (up to 4000 degrees/s2), low-amplitude (20-30 degrees) head rotations.


Input: To clarify whether seizure-offset patterns are reliable in predicting seizure outcome, we studied SEEG/ECoG in a similar group of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).


Input: In this study, to characterize the gene for protein Z, its organization and structure were determined by a combination of PCR amplification of leukocyte DNA and isolation of phage clones from a human genomic library.

protein Z


Input: These modifications may improve the interlaboratory reproducibility of CD34 determinations due to the reduction in sample handling and calculation of results.


Input: The present results demonstrate that rats with relatively small remnants of one olfactory bulb can perform a variety of odor detection and discrimination tasks as well or nearly as well as controls.


Input: These patients failed to respond to intravenous cyclophosphamide and steroids and were then changed to receive oral cyclosporine A, at a dose of 5 mg/kg/day.


Input: The predicted amino acid sequence is 78. 0% identical to the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain of Neurospora crassa, 70. 2% identical to that of Aspergillus nidulans and 24. 8% identical to that of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain of Neurospora crassa


Input: The DNA binding activities of the three repressor preparations were studied using fragments containing CIRs (CIR3-CIR6) from the essential early region as templates for DNase I footprinting.

DNase I


Input: Molecular modelling suggested that the tetramerization domain was a four-helix bundle, stabilized by interactions of seven conserved aromatic amino acids.


Input: In the present study, we sought to investigate whether constitutive NF-kappaB activity in chronically HIV-1-infected promonocytic U937 (U9-IIIB) and myeloblastic PLB-985 (PLB-IIIB) cells affects apoptotic signaling.

NF-kappaB


Input: To explore the function of human SINA-homologous (Siah) proteins, expression plasmids encoding Siah-1A were transiently transfected into 293 epithelial cells and GM701 fibroblast cells, resulting in growth arrest without induction of apoptosis.

SINA-homologous (Siah) proteins


Input: We have shown previously that GH3 cells transfected with the rat GnRH receptor cDNA (GGH3-1' cells) support the expression of a cotransfected fusion gene composed of 797 base pairs of rat LHbeta gene 5'-flanking sequence and the first 5 base pairs of the 5'-untranslated region fused to a luciferase reporter (-797/+ 5LHbetaLUC) and respond to a GnRH agonist with a 10-fold stimulation of activity.

rat GnRH receptor cDNA

rat LHbeta gene 5'-flanking sequence

luciferase reporter (-797/+ 5LHbetaLUC)

GnRH


Input: The 5'-flanking region, from nucleotide-837 to-336, contains TATA and inverted CAAT boxes as well as GATA-1/SP1 erythroid-specific cis-acting regulatory elements.


Input: We established the radiosensitive cell line SX9 from mammary carcinoma cell line FM3A.


Input: Results showed that the mean bond strength of H. T. V. specimens ranged from 9. 6 to 13. 12 kg/cm2, while the mean bond strength of R. T. V. specimens ranged from 0. 36 to 1. 75 kg/cm2.


Input: OBJECTIVES: To measure coagulation factor VIII: coagulant (F. VIII: C) and C1-esterase inhibitor (C1-INH), hemostasis-associated acute-phase reactant proteins and coagulation factors VII (F. VII), IX (F. IX), and X (F. X), hemostasis proteins not associated with an acute-phase response, in a select population of horses with colic and hemostasis abnormalities, and presumed to have acute-phase changes.

coagulation factor VIII: coagulant

F. VIII: C

C1-esterase inhibitor

coagulation factors VII

F. VII

F. IX

F. X


Input: RESULTS: Horses with colic had significantly higher fibrinogen concentration, greater alpha 2AP and protein C activities, and longer PT and APTT than did healthy horses.

fibrinogen

alpha 2AP

protein C


Input: The data suggest that plasminogen, alpha 2AP, and C1-INH, should be considered equine acute-phase proteins.

plasminogen

alpha 2AP


Input: None of the patients was obese.


Input: Marked elevation of creatine kinase was observed while serum albumin, immunoglobulin, and complement were decreased.

creatine kinase

albumin

immunoglobulin


Input: DESIGN AND METHODS: Case study.


Input: METHODS: A total of 15 pigs were randomised to ligation of left marginal arteries (infarction group, n = 5), to TMLR of the left lateral wall using a holmium: yttrium-aluminium garnet (Ho: YAG) laser (laser group, n = 5), and to both (laser-infarction group, n = 5).


Input: RACK1, a receptor for activated C kinase and a homolog of the beta subunit of G proteins, inhibits activity of src tyrosine kinases and growth of NIH 3T3 cells.

activated C kinase

G proteins

src tyrosine kinases


Input: Peptide sequences of the zinc finger protein Ttk and the transcription factor Adf-1 were obtained.

zinc finger protein Ttk

transcription factor Adf-1


Input: The same IL-4-inducible reporter gene is also synergistically activated by the endogenous Stat6 and NF-kappaB proteins in IL-4-stimulated I. 29mu B lymphoma cells.

endogenous Stat6

NF-kappaB proteins


Input: HEF1, p130 (Cas), and Efs/Sin constitute a family of multidomain docking proteins that have been implicated in coordinating the regulation of cell adhesion.

Cas

Efs

Sin


Input: In support of a role at the spindle, two-hybrid library screening with HEF1 identifies the human homolog of the G2/M spindle-regulatory protein Dim1p as a specific interactor with a region of HEF1 encompassed in p55 (HEF1).

G2/M spindle-regulatory protein Dim1p


Input: Our data showed that activation of the raf-ERK pathway led to activation of TF expression in breast carcinoma cells and suggested that constitutive activation of this pathway leads to high TF expression in MDA-MB-231 cells.

raf

ERK

TF

TF


Input: However, a zinc-depleted enzyme was obtained after prolonged dialysis against the specific chelating agent 1, 10-phenanthroline.


Input: The lines also differed in postsynaptic, but not presynaptic, 5-HT1A receptors.

5-HT1A receptors


Input: Convulsive seizure during a treatment with interferon alpha for chronic viral hepatitis C

interferon alpha


Input: Genetic studies in Drosophila have led to the identification of several components of the Notch pathway.

Notch


Input: The bZP2 cDNA (115-1914 nt, 1. 8 kb), excluding sequences coding for N-terminal signal sequence and C-terminal transmembranelike domain, was PCR amplified and Sac1-Sal1 restricted fragment cloned in frame downstream of the T5 promoter under the lac operator control in a pQE-30 vector.

bZP2 cDNA (115-1914 nt, 1. 8 kb)

lac operator


Input: Control subjects' evoked potentials (EPs) were characterized by an initial positivity in the 90-140 ms range (P1) at the temporo-occipital site.


Input: Class I alpha1, 2-mannosidases play an essential role in the elaboration of complex and hybrid N-glycans in mammalian cells.

Class I alpha1, 2-mannosidases


Input: Structural features of the minimal DNA binding domain (M98-F219) of human nucleotide excision repair protein XPA.

human nucleotide excision repair protein XPA


Input: Amongst other qualities, the book' s importance lies in the fact that it associates an elaborate theoretical construction with the empirical data, working within the possibilities provided by late 19th-century moral statistics.


Input: The results point to the effectiveness of the educational intervention.


Input: The mechanistic implications of aromatic non-responsiveness of autonomously expressed A-domain, despite its demonstrated ability to bind phenol, are discussed.


Input: RESULTS: Acetabular index returned to normal gradually as the time went by and significantly within one year after the reduction of developmental dislocation of the hip.


Input: Recently, extremely high levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) were detected in the pericardial fluid of patients undergoing cardiac surgery.


Input: Consequently, it is not known how knee loading changes following ACL transection, and how it contributes to cartilage degeneration.


Input: We show that the surfaces of tracheal cartilage matrix are collagen-rich and surround a proteoglycan-rich core.

collagen


Input: Comparative mapping of the Brassica S locus region and its homeolog in Arabidopsis.

Brassica S locus region


Input: Roles of the Candida albicans mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog, Cek1p, in hyphal development and systemic candidiasis.

Candida albicans mitogen-activated protein kinase homolog


Input: Neither the reaction of monosaccharides nor the disaccharides with beta-alanine resulted in the formation of maltol.


Input: In most subjects, markers of bone formation and resorption were normal.


Input: Analysis of a Mac1p mutant, refractile for copper-dependent repression of the Cu (I) transport genes, showed an aberrant pattern of CUP1 expression and copper sensitivity.

Mac1p mutant

Cu (I) transport genes


Input: The DNA sequencing of the recombinant clones revealed the expression of RXR alpha and RXR beta.

RXR alpha

RXR beta


Input: A stratified random sample of 20 active employees from a cohort of phenoxy herbicide workers was selected in 1995 for determining PCDD and PCDF congeners in blood lipids to assess the extent of past PCDD and PCDF exposure in this cohort and whether that exposure might explain site-specific cancer findings in the total cohort.


Input: The clinical and laboratory features of 72 children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) were examined to determine if there were associations between the laboratory indices--including white blood cell (WBC) counts, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, platelet (PLT) counts--and the clinical manifestations of acute HSP.

serum C-reactive protein

CRP


Input: We provide community metabolic data that indicate that large changes in CO2 concentration can occur in coral reef waters via biogeochemical processes not directly associated with photosynthesis, respiration, calcification, and CaCO3 dissolution.


Input: In contrast to other known retroviruses, the FV pol genes are expressed via spliced transcripts.

FV pol genes


Input: Substitution of bulky hydrophobic residues with charged residues within PEP1 affects the fusion activity of the S protein without affecting processing and surface expression.

S protein


Input: Tributyltin and its breakdown products, mono-and di-butyltin, were determined in water birds collected from Lake Huron (the Great Lakes), marine coastal United States, and the west coast of British Columbia, Canada.


Input: The 5' flanking region of the CD1 gene contained the binding motifs for two cytokine-inducible transcription factors, NF-IL2-A and NF-IL6.

CD1 gene


Input: Fregnac, M.


Input: GLRaV-2 is the only closterovirus, so far, that matches the genome organization of the type member of the group, BYV, and thus can be unambiguously classified as a definitive member of the genus Closterovirus.


Input: Demographic and clinical data were compared with a control group of 339 healthy age-matched women and with a sample of 224 women with wrist fracture.


Input: Identical results were obtained when transfections and mobility shift assays were performed in primary rat hepatocytes in which the endogenous ALS gene is expressed.

ALS gene


Input: This E box sequence (CACGTG) is identical to the binding element for USF (upstream stimulatory factor), a member of the helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors.

USF

upstream stimulatory factor

helix-loop-helix family of transcription factors


Input: Interferon beta therapy was discontinued for 4 weeks.

Interferon beta


Input: We specially devised 3 types of turbo pumps, a centrifugal pump (CFP), a mixed flow pump (MFP), and an axial flow pump (AFP), and analyzed their in vitro performance.


Input: Examination of the mitochondrial bc1 complex crystal structure [Zhang, Z., Huang, L., Shulmeister, V.

mitochondrial bc1 complex crystal structure


Input: Two protease-resistant fragments spanning the N-and C-terminal halves of the nuclease were identified using different proteases which cleave the protein in the same region.


Input: The side-to-side difference was statistically significant at EXT 30 degrees/s and 60 degrees/s (p < 0. 05).


Input: CONCLUSION: In women who want or require conservative management of grade 4 prolapse and are unable to retain a single pessary, the placement of two pessaries often will be successful.


Input: Rev-erbAalpha/beta), Mxi-1 and Mad bHLH-zip proteins and the oncoproteins PLZF and LAZ3/BCL6 is mediated by the corepressors N-CoR and SMRT.

Rev

erbAalpha/beta

Mad

PLZF

N-CoR

SMRT


Input: The ParaSight-F test alone was used to monitor serum antigen levels after treatment in 24 patients.


Input: The purified recombinant protein was assayed for its enzyme activity by monitoring transfer of [3H] methyl groups from the substrate DNA to the MGMT protein; the activity was found to be stable at 90 degrees C for at least 30 min.

MGMT protein


Input: A deproteinization procedure was coupled with a reversed-phase HPLC separation using a 250x4. 6 mm I. D.


Input: Elimination of the inducible response requires simultaneous mutation of both sequences, however, in the presence of an intact EpRE the upstream AP-1 site is irrelevant to induction.

AP-1 site


Input: Three high mobility group-like sequences within a 48-base pair enhancer of the Col2a1 gene are required for cartilage-specific expression in vivo.

high mobility group-like sequences

Col2a1 gene


Input: The sequence contains an open reading frame of 1744 nt in the virus-sense strand, a 3' untranslated region of 1360 nt and a 3' poly (A) tail.


Input: A phylogenetic analysis of the reverse transcriptase domain confirms our differential genetic assessment that Cyclops from pea is a novel element with no specific relationship to the previously described Gypsy-like elements from plants.

reverse transcriptase domain

Cyclops

Gypsy-like elements


Input: At physiological doses, either insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) or insulin turned out to be as potent as dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP) in increasing UCP1 gene transcription rate (1 h) and also UCP1 mRNA accumulation (3 h), their maximal effect (15-fold increase) reached upon treatment for 24 h.

insulin-like growth factor I

IGF-I

insulin

UCP1 gene

UCP1 mRNA


Input: In addition, insulin induced AP-1 DNA binding activity, this effect being totally prevented in the presence of MEK-1 inhibitor.

insulin


Input: Essentially, 2'-O-methyl oligoribonucleotides (2' OMeRNA) were delivered to the nuclei of primary mdx myoblasts in culture.


Input: Regulation of the human p21/WAF1/Cip1 promoter in hepatic cells by functional interactions between Sp1 and Smad family members.

Smad family members


Input: RESULTS: We isolated a C. elegans cDNA that encoded a protein which was similar to, but not exactly homologous with mammalian p120 Ras-GAP.

p120 Ras

GAP


Input: The weak base ketoconazole showed complete dissolution from a tablet formulation in Simulated Gastric Fluid without pepsin (SGFsp) within 30 minutes, 70% dissolution in 2 hours under fed state simulated upper jejunal conditions but only 6% dissolution in 2 hours under fasted state conditions.

pepsin


Input: In mammals, the Rb protein interacts specifically with D-type cyclins and regulates cell proliferation by binding and inhibiting E2F transcription factors.

Rb protein

D-type cyclins

E2F transcription factors


Input: In addition to the signals obtained by ligation of the TCR, T cells need additional, co-stimulatory signals to be activated.

TCR


Input: Moreover, the observation of enhanced luteal HSP-27 phosphorylation in vivo, in late pregnancy, when PKC-delta is abundant and active, suggests that select PKC family members contribute to sHSP phosphorylation events in vivo.

luteal HSP-27

PKC-delta

PKC family members

sHSP


Input: We characterized the structure of this leader mRNA by using the program Mfold and a combination of nested and internal deletions transcriptionally fused to a promoterless lac operon.

lac operon


Input: The importance of these sites for transcriptional activation was studied by site-directed mutagenesis followed by promoter function analysis of the mutants with a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter system.

chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter


Input: Routine blood examination showed leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, positive CRP, and elevated myocardial enzymes.

CRP


Input: Previous studies have suggested that moderate cooling increases the responsiveness of vascular alpha2-adrenoceptors.

vascular alpha2-adrenoceptors


Input: Two members of the Cbl family have since been defined in mammals (c-Cbl and Cbl-b), one in C. elegans (Sli-1) and one in Drosophila (D-Cbl).

Cbl family

c-Cbl

Cbl-b

D-Cbl


Input: Anti-PTB antibodies did not inhibit the binding of PTB to RNA because they were able to supershift RNA-PTB complexes.

Anti-PTB antibodies

PTB

RNA-PTB complexes


Input: The use of antibodies to the polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) to analyze the protein components that assemble on alternatively spliced pre-mRNAs that use distant branch points.

polypyrimidine tract binding protein

PTB


Input: The therapeutic use of botulinum toxin (Botox) is increasing in popularity.

botulinum toxin

Botox


Input: The viral oncoprotein E1A inhibits NFAT-dependent transactivation in a p300-dependent manner.

viral oncoprotein E1A

NFAT


Input: We have applied the mRNA differential display method to compare and analyze mRNAs prepared from five normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cell cultures and five nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines.


Input: Similar experiments with TR support the high affinity of RIP140 to the RXR subunit and also suggest that either partner in the TR/RXR heterodimer can independently respond to ligand.

TR

RXR subunit

TR

RXR


Input: SETTING: University hospital-based, tertiary care infertility center.


Input: RESULT (S): In patients with elevated FSH levels on cycle day 3, a low oocyte yield was achieved (7 versus 11) and a high number of ampules of hMG was necessary (56 versus 33).

FSH

hMG


Input: RESULTS: Of the patients with IS, 67% had significantly greater values of directional preponderance on the OVAR test (a measure of otolith system imbalance) compared with control subjects.


Input: In the ePTFE specimens, tissue coverage had increased.


Input: As predicted by the Wing and Kristofferson model, the durations of successive ISIs tended to be negatively correlated.


Input: We found the following: Specific mutations affected the precise carbohydrate structure and folding of the HA trimer.

HA trimer


Input: The results show that ROS production by viable spermatozoa is highly correlated with the concentration of PMN elastase and the number of both peroxidase-positive and round cells.

PMN elastase

peroxidase


Input: Yeast U1 snRNP is considerably more complex than its metazoan counterpart, which suggests possible differences between yeast and metazoa in early splicing events.

Yeast U1 snRNP


Input: Yeast U1 snRNP therefore contains 16 different proteins, including seven snRNP core proteins, three homologues of the metazoan U1 snRNP-specific proteins, and six yeast-specific U1 snRNP proteins.

Yeast U1 snRNP

snRNP core proteins

metazoan U1 snRNP-specific proteins

yeast-specific U1 snRNP proteins


Input: After the first cycle, 18 cases were treated at dose level 1, after a second cycle, 13 cases were treated at dose level 2.


Input: The opioid antagonist naltrexone (0. 01-1. 0 mg/kg) antagonized the discriminative stimulus effects of heroin, but naltrexone at doses up to 10 mg/kg had no effect on the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine.


Input: In this study we examined hepatic stellate cell regulation of M6P/IGFIIR expression and found that M6P/IGFIIR mRNA transcript levels increased in stellate cells from rats exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a potent fibrogenic stimulant.

IGFIIR

IGFIIR


Input: One cDNA clone designated NCoA-62, encoded a 62, 000-Da protein that is highly related to BX42, a Drosophila melanogaster nuclear protein involved in ecdysone-stimulated gene expression.


Input: These widely expressed proteins share a C-terminal region that bears significant sequence homology to a group of GDP/GTP exchange proteins for the Rab3 family of small GTP binding proteins.

GDP/GTP exchange proteins

Rab3 family

small GTP binding proteins


Input: Whereas p82 expression had no effect on ERK2 activation by p126, p70 completely abrogated this activity.


Input: The pre-mRNA splicing factor U2AF (U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle [snRNP] auxiliary factor) plays a critical role in 3' splice site selection.

U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle [snRNP] auxiliary factor


Input: The brackets were bonded to 100 freshly extracted bovine incisors, and, after storage in tap water at room temperature for 24 hours, they were subsequently tested in a shear mode using a universal testing machine.


Input: Exercise training has become increasingly important in the treatment of heart failure patients.


Input: The growth of Aer. hydrophila in filter-sterilized lettuce extract was completely inhibited by 0. 1% (v/v) BMC whereas that of Ps. fluorescens was not significantly affected by 1% (v/v) BMC.


Input: Despite continuous compliance, unexplained resurgence of serum ferritin levels occurred in 4/7 patients of the' veteran' group after 4-5 years on L1.

ferritin


Input: Hematocrit and PaO2 did not change.


Input: Regulation of myosin phosphatase activity involves changes in subunit interactions, although molecular mechanisms are not defined.

myosin phosphatase


Input: Commutative saccadic generator is sufficient to control a 3-D ocular plant with pulleys.


Input: The virus-associated VAI RNA of adenovirus is a small highly structured RNA that is required for the efficient translation of cellular and viral mRNAs at late times after infection.

VAI


Input: Structure of the gene encoding the human cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p18 and mutational analysis in breast cancer.

cyclin-dependent kinase


Input: The YccA protein was found to be degraded in an FtsH-dependent manner in vivo and in vitro, whereas the YccA11 mutant protein, lacking eight amino acid residues within the amino-terminal cytoplasmic domain, was refractory to the degradation.

YccA protein

FtsH

YccA11 mutant protein


Input: The major type involves activator proteins that bind to DNA adjacent to where the RNA polymerase (RNAP) holoenzyme binds, usually assisting in recruitment of the RNAP to the promoter.

RNA polymerase

RNAP

RNAP


Input: A conserved role for L1 as a transmembrane link between neuronal adhesion and membrane cytoskeleton assembly.


Input: Atmospheric benzene, urinary muconic acid (tt-MA) and leukocyte alkaline phosphatase activity (LAPA) were evaluated among 66 car mechanics, 34 road tanker drivers, and 28 nonexposed workers.

leukocyte alkaline phosphatase


Input: It contains a 5'-noncoding region (NCR) of 73 nucleotides, five open reading frames (ORFs 1 to 5) which encode proteins with M (r) 160 kDa RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (ORF1), 26 kDa movement protein 1 (ORF2), 13 kDa movement protein 2 (ORF3), 10 kDa movement protein 3 (ORF4), 24 kDa coat protein (OFR5), and a 3' NCR of 76 nucleotides.

160 kDa RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (ORF1)

26 kDa movement protein 1 (ORF2)

13 kDa movement protein 2 (ORF3)

10 kDa movement protein 3 (ORF4)

24 kDa coat protein (OFR5)


Input: After profound normovolemic hemodilution (Hct 9%) superiority of LV MC and LV diastolic properties was found, when myocardial oxygenation was supported by i. v. perflubron emulsion, a temporary O2 carrier.


Input: These genes may represent interesting targets for new therapeutic strategies.


Input: It could also inhibit C1q-dependent haemolysis of both IgG-and IgM-sensitized erythrocytes.

IgG

IgM


Input: 3) and one distal (-11. 8/-10. 9), presented an enhancer activity in pituitary cells when placed upstream of the SV40 promoter.

SV40 promoter


Input: 3--It is necessary to think about cosmetic consequences of the chinese flap and consider other possibilities of the flap choice.


Input: CONCLUSION: TNF alpha, TGF beta, PDGF and IL-1beta increased LDLr gene expression by increasing sterol-independent and mitogenesis-independent gene transcription.

TNF alpha

TGF beta

PDGF

LDLr gene


Input: However, it is only one-half and one-third the size of the proteolipids from M. thermoautotrophicum and M. jannaschii, respectively. ahaK is expressed in Escherichia coli, and it is incorporated into the cytoplasmic membrane despite the different chemical natures of lipids from archaea and bacteria.

ahaK


Input: In this report we studied the role of protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 in ErbB-mediated activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) by overexpressing SHP-2 mutants in COS-7 cells.

protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2

ErbB

mitogen-activated protein kinase

MAPK

SHP-2 mutants


Input: Osteoadherin is a recently described bone proteoglycan containing keratan sulfate.

Osteoadherin


Input: Intron 8 harbored a strong erythroid-specific enhancer activity which was orientation-dependent.


Input: The intron 8 enhancer region was not activated by GATA-1 together with Sp1 in transactivation experiments in COS-1 cells indicating the involvement of a related Sp1 protein or of another unidentified erythroid factor.

Sp1 protein


Input: The cleavage of Fak by caspases may thus play an important role in the execution of the suicide program by disabling the anti-apoptotic function of Fak.

Fak

caspases

Fak


Input: Moreover, the mass estimated with the QCM response through the Sauerbrey equation and the mass which can be measured thanks to other analytical techniques, in our case an enzymatic assay, are different: the deposited mass is generally overestimated by the QCM.


Input: Transcription initiation occurred predominantly at the putative sigmaA-dependent promoter in exponentially growing cells and was induced under stress conditions.

sigmaA-dependent promoter


Input: The genes encoding (2Fe-2S) plant-like ferredoxins were studied in the widely used cyanobacterium Synechocystis PCC6803.

(2Fe-2S) plant-like ferredoxins


Input: RNA of GBV-C was detected in 14 (18%) patients before BMT.


Input: A major pool of Dsg-plakoglobin complexes sedimented at 8S and exhibited a 1: 1 stoichiometry.

Dsg

plakoglobin


Input: Our results indicate that the binding of CBF/NF-Y to the inverted CCAAT box is responsible for transcriptional activation of the nTPH gene.

CBF

NF-Y

nTPH gene


Input: In macrophages, LPS-inducible HIV-1 gene expression is mediated in part by binding of NF-kappa B to identical tandem binding sites located within the long terminal repeat (LTR).

NF-kappa B


Input: The influence of p53 on cytokine-triggered Janus kinase-STAT signaling was investigated in human hepatoma Hep3B cell lines engineered to constitutively express the temperature-sensitive Val135 mutant of p53.

Janus kinase

STAT

Val135 mutant of p53


Input: It can also be used to examine various laryngeal parameters obtained from videotaped endoscopic and stroboscopic examinations.


Input: CONCLUSIONS: Two consecutive sets of transrectal ultrasound guided sextant biopsies of the prostate performed in a single office visit represent a cost-effective biopsy strategy for men presenting with an abnormal digital rectal examination and/or elevated serum PSA.

serum PSA


Input: Examination of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of a series of N-terminally truncated MIP-1 beta variants reveals that these proteins possess a range of ability to dimerize.

N-terminally truncated MIP-1 beta variants


Input: Interestingly, PKA activity is dispensable in a strain lacking Msn2p and Msn4p activity.

PKA


Input: They also indicate that direct interactions between C/EBPs and specific Ets family members, together with GATA-1, are important for eosinophil lineage determination.

C/EBPs

Ets


Input: Recently, a human transcription elongation factor P-TEFb, consisting of CDK9 kinase, cyclin T and other associated factors, has been shown to interact with Tat to restore Tat activation in HeLa nuclear extract depleted of P-TEFb.

human transcription elongation factor P-TEFb

CDK9 kinase

cyclin T

Tat

Tat

P-TEFb


Input: We have used the hydrophobic repeats of the HSF1 trimerization domain in the yeast two-hybrid protein interaction assay to identify heat shock factor binding protein 1 (HSBP1), a novel, conserved, 76-amino-acid protein that contains two extended arrays of hydrophobic repeats that interact with the HSF1 heptad repeats.

HSF1 trimerization domain

heat shock factor binding protein 1

HSF1 heptad repeats


Input: Genomic and cDNA clones homologous to the yeast GCN2 eIF-2alpha kinase (yGCN2) were isolated from Drosophila melanogaster.

GCN2 eIF-2alpha


Input: The general recombination at a polarizing voltage of 300 V is less than 2% for dose-rates up to about 100 mGy min-1.


Input: The low number of false positives indicates that our scheme would not confuse the radiologist by suggesting normal regions as suspicious.


Input: Strengthening the biological weapons convention and implications on the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry.


Input: VirD2 is one of the key Agrobacterium tumefaciens proteins involved in T-DNA processing and transfer.


Input: Taken together, these data indicate that the VirD2 omega domain is important for efficient T-DNA integration.

VirD2 omega domain


Input: The DHEAS levels in all stages of decreased BMD were significantly lower than those in the group with normal BMD.


Input: Orientation of the nuclear spin system by optical pumping causes an Overhauser shift of the excitonic energy levels proportional to the degree of nuclear orientation.


Input: Cystatin A, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor, is one of the precursor proteins of cornified cell envelope of keratinocytes and is expressed during the late stage of keratinocyte differentiation.

Cystatin A

cysteine proteinase

cornified cell envelope


Input: A role for RalGDS and a novel Ras effector in the Ras-mediated inhibition of skeletal myogenesis.

RalGDS

Ras

Ras


Input: GTPase activating specificity of RGS12 and binding specificity of an alternatively spliced PDZ (PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1) domain.

GTPase

PDZ

Dlg


Input: However, mutations in the HNF-4 binding site on element CIIB and inhibition of HNF-4 synthesis in HepG2 cells by antisense HNF-4 constructs decreased the apoCII promoter activity to 25-40% of the control, indicating that HNF-4 is a positive regulator of the apoCII gene.

HNF-4 binding site

element CIIB

HNF-4 constructs

apoCII promoter

apoCII gene


Input: 272, 19107-19110).


Input: In addition, we find that E2F-1 can cause apoptosis in p53-/-tumour cells and further p300, which also functions as a co-activator for the E2F/DP heterodimer, enhances the apoptotic activity of E2F-1.

DP


Input: Blocked shift/supershift analysis indicates that Fos family member proteins especially Fra-1 and Fra-2 are related to progression and no changes found in the Jun family member proteins although they are present in the AP-1/DNA binding complex.

Fos family

Jun family

AP-1/DNA binding complex


Input: Initially, we observed that unmutated p53 is strongly expressed in premalignant mammary glands and in mammary tumors derived from the MMTV-c-myc strain.

c-myc


Input: These data show that heterologous virus RNAs (BSMV) can serve as primer donors for MStV mRNA capped RNA-primed transcription in doubly infected plants.


Input: Human isoforms, designated 1 to 4, differ from each other by the start codon used.


Input: Comparison of cDNA and genomic sequences shows that the ZNF189 gene spans approximately 11 kb and is organized into at least four exons, the large 3'-end exon coding for the complete zinc finger domain and the 3' untranslated region.

ZNF189 gene


Input: The gp330/Megalin/LRP-2 protein belongs to the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family and is believed to function as an endocytic receptor for the uptake of lipoproteins and many other ligands.

Megalin

low-density lipoprotein receptor gene family


Input: In the DNA recognition helix of finger II, the conserved Arg at position 62 (N-terminal side of the first zinc-coordinating histidine) was changed to a Leu or Gln.


Input: Dosage in both cases was 0. 2 g/m2.


Input: Five additional copies of Lian elements were isolated, mapped by restriction digestion, and partially sequenced.

Lian elements


Input: Evolutionary relationships among putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerases encoded by a mitochondrial virus-like RNA in the Dutch elm disease fungus, Ophiostoma novo-ulmi, by other viruses and virus-like RNAs and by the Arabidopsis mitochondrial genome.

RNA-dependent RNA polymerases


Input: Role of the transcription start site core region and transcription factor YY1 in Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat promoter activity.

transcription factor YY1

Rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat promoter


Input: Addition of Rap or KN62 after exposure of cells to progesterone agonist Org 2058 had no effect on induction of CAT activity.

CAT


Input: The Dax-1 gene encodes a protein that is structurally related to members of the orphan nuclear receptor superfamily.

Dax-1 gene

orphan nuclear receptor superfamily


Input: He was administered recombinant IFN alpha-2b under the diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C.

recombinant IFN alpha-2b


Input: Regulation at 37 degrees C, therefore, involves the action of three protein kinase cascades that repress HSF1 through phosphorylation of serine residues 303, 307, and 363 and may promote growth by suppressing the heat shock response.


Input: Clinical implication of protein levels of IL-5 in induced sputum in asthmatic patients.


Input: In these cells, ras-induced transition is accompanied by a strong induction of AP-1-binding activity along with increased expression of CD44 mRNA and protein.

ras

CD44 mRNA


Input: This distribution implies that the polycistronic precursor is imported into the nucleolus for processing to the mature snoRNAs, and that the import or processing pathway involves coiled bodies.


Input: Suppressive therapy for thyroid nodules.


Input: Fourteen healthy male volunteers completed the study.


Input: In the absence of Mg2 +, a hydrophobic exonuclease site dominates over the polymerase site for possession of the primer terminus.


Input: As the high-affinity Mg2 + binding sites are filled, the primer terminus migrates from the exonuclease site to a highly based stacked polymerase active site.


Input: One missense allele (P236S) with complete loss of function at 30 degreesC and four missense alleles (L173F, E225K, S269L and E274K) that conferred a temperature sensitive phenotype were identified.


Input: Structural analysis of the 5'-regulatory region reveals that the c-met promoter lacks TATA or CAAT elements but has an extremely high G-C content and multiple Sp1 binding sites.

c-met promoter

Sp1 binding sites


Input: The report highlights the possible contribution of stress factors in the context of therapy resistant periodontal disease, and the results seem to be understandable within the context of a stress system disorder perspective.


Input: Acute pancreatitis is a rather common abdominal disorder.


Input: Each binding site, however, was different in its preference for binding partners.


Input: We isolated the human FGF-BP promoter and determined by deletion analysis that TPA regulatory elements were all contained in the first 118 base pairs upstream of the transcription start site.

human FGF-BP promoter


Input: Electrophoretic mobility shift assays demonstrated specific nuclear protein binding to-85/-64, and single point mutations suggested important binding nucleotides between-79/-68 with five critical bases between-74/-70 (5'-CTCCT-3').


Input: " Complex partial " seizures.


Input: B cell antigen receptor (BCR)-mediated formation of a SHP-2-pp120 complex and its inhibition by Fc gamma RIIB1-BCR coligation.

B cell antigen receptor

BCR

Fc gamma RIIB1

BCR


Input: Chem., 270: 7117-7124, 1995; and MT Hartsough et al., J.


Input: Here we investigate the role of c-Cbl in development and homeostasis in mice by targeted disruption of the c-Cbl locus. c-Cbl-deficient mice were viable, fertile, and outwardly normal in appearance.

c-Cbl

c-Cbl locus

c-Cbl


Input: One is to act within the visceral endoderm to promote proper streak morphogenesis.


Input: We propose that noi/pax2. 1 participates in sequential signaling processes as a key integrator of midbrain-hindbrain boundary development.

noi

pax2. 1


Input: METHODS: Fibrotic changes involving bone marrow were evaluated histologically semiquantitatively using reticulin fiber impregnation (method of Gomori).

reticulin


Input: We then studied four unrelated Japanese families with GSD-Ib, and found three novel mutations: a four-base deletion/two-base insertion, a point mutation within a consensus splicing donor site, and a missense mutation (W118R).


Input: Removal of the carboxyl region severely reduced transcriptional activation.


Input: A " Level A " in vitro/in vivo correlation was established for a sustained release theophylline (CAS 58-55-9) preparation (Bronchoretard) under investigation.


Input: METHOD: 50 consecutive children aged from 6 months to 17 years were included into the study which comprised questionnaires of patient and family histories, serological screening tests for common inhalational allergens (CAP SX1), and determination of total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and of latex-specific serum IgE by solid-phase immunoassays.

serum immunoglobulin E

IgE

serum IgE


Input: The PDE4A-subfamily-specific linker region LR1, which joins UCR1 and UCR2, is encoded by two exons, whereas LR2, which joins UCR2 to the catalytic unit, is encoded by a single exon.

PDE4A-subfamily-specific linker region


Input: Pol32Delta strains are weak antimutators and are defective for damage-induced mutagenesis.


Input: At the same time, the results indicate that p53 plays a defensive role against HBV by transcriptionally repressing the HBV core promoter through liver-specific enhancer II and HBx is required to counteract this inhibitory function of p53.

HBV core promoter

liver-specific enhancer II

HBx


Input: To gain insight into the expression of the AtCP1 gene, northern blot analysis was carried out.

AtCP1 gene


Input: The aim of the study was to correlate the responsiveness to bronchoprovocation with methacholine in subjects a with allergic rhinitis during and out of the pollen season with total serum IgE and blood eosinophils.

IgE


Input: These results provide the first demonstration that an SR protein can influence splicing of specific pre-mRNAs in vivo.

SR protein


Input: In particular, the potential for prostate cancer chemoprevention using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors; NSAIDs) has received little attention.

cyclo-oxygenase


Input: This study reports the isolation of a P. hybrida gene, jaf13, encoding a basic helix-loop-helix protein that, on the basis of sequence homology and intron/exon structure, represents the P. hybrida orthologue of the Z. mays r genes.

basic helix-loop-helix protein

Z. mays r genes


Input: During the past 4 years, a purposeful search was made for electrocardiograms with documented reversible QRS changes associated with all acute injury pattern.


Input: Mutating a potential cleavage site located N-terminal to the protease domain, Gln2526-Asp2527, diminished processing.


Input: METHODS: Millipore ultrafiltration membranes of three different pore sizes were used as model lenticule materials. The nominal membrane pore sizes were 0. 1 microm, 0. 45 microm, and 3 microm; the surface roughness increased in the same order The membranes were coated with a thin layer of collagen I and implanted in a circular pocket of the anterior cornea of adult cats, and were clinically evaluated for the extent of epithelialization and the persistence of epithelial attachment.

collagen I


Input: The role of calcitonin, and other agonists which activate the cAMP pathway, in regulating transcription of the human parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) gene was investigated in a human lung cancer cell line (BEN).

calcitonin

human parathyroid hormone-related protein

PTHrP


Input: The combination of Pitx2 and another homeodomain protein, Pit-1, yielded a synergistic 55-fold activation of the prolactin promoter in transfection assays.

homeodomain protein

prolactin promoter


Input: The biochemical and molecular spectrum of ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.

ornithine transcarbamylase


Input: To further understand the role of cis-acting elements in these regulatory mechanisms, we have characterized a transcriptional promoter that drives germline expression of TCR beta gene segments in vivo.

TCR beta gene segments


Input: Our results suggest that the crucial role of the mutations activating v-erbA as an oncogene is to' freeze' c-ErbA/TRalpha in its non-liganded, repressive conformation and to facilitate its overexpression.

v-erbA

c-ErbA

TRalpha


Input: In this study, we describe a mammalian cell-free transcription system reconstituted with only recombinant proteins and epitope-tagged multiprotein complexes.


Input: This repressor is however unlikely to mediate spi 2. 3 3' UTR silencer action since it was not detected in rat hepatocytes.

spi 2. 3 3' UTR silencer


Input: A prerequisite for the synthesis of sialylated glycoconjugates is the activated sugar-nucleotide cytidine 5'-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac), which provides a substrate for Golgi sialyltransferases.

Golgi sialyltransferases


Input: Thus, the bovine PEDF cDNA isolated here codes for a functional soluble secreted PEDF glycoprotein.

bovine PEDF cDNA

secreted PEDF glycoprotein


Input: We found sequences related to this insertion in wild-type strains of N. crassa and other Neurospora species.


Input: When cysteine is scanned through the helices, characteristic repeating patterns of solvent exposure and burial are observed.


Input: Human ULK1, a novel serine/threonine kinase related to UNC-51 kinase of Caenorhabditis elegans: cDNA cloning, expression, and chromosomal assignment.

Human ULK1

serine/threonine kinase

UNC-51 kinase


Input: Specifically, I use molecular markers that identify particular neuroectodermal domains, all neuroblasts or individual neuroblasts, to show that in DER mutant embryos (1) intermediate column neuroblasts do not form, (2) medial column neuroblasts often acquire identities inappropriate for their position, while (3) lateral neuroblasts develop normally.

DER mutant


Input: Cochlear microphonic potentials in patients with vestibular schwannomas.


Input: These results with clozapine illustrate that LI is sensitive to antipsychotics which differ in their mode of action and furthermore emphasize the value of LI as a test model for detecting the antipsychotic potential of novel drugs.


Input: The complement C3a anaphylatoxin receptor (C3aR) is a seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled chemoattractant receptor that on binding the C3a peptide ligand mediates numerous cellular responses, including histamine release from mast cells. smooth muscle contraction, and the directed migration of eosinophils.

complement C3a anaphylatoxin receptor

seven-transmembrane G-protein coupled chemoattractant receptor

C3a peptide ligand


Input: CONCLUSIONS: Significant elevations of IL-1alpha and IL-1beta occur in patients with bacterial cystitis and microscopic hematuria.


Input: Band-shift assays were performed using the LPS-and IL-1-responsive element (LILRE) oligonucleotide, a gamma interferon activation site-like site that is present in the human IL-1beta promoter.

LPS-and IL-1-responsive element

LILRE

gamma interferon activation site-like site

human IL-1beta promoter


Input: The C-terminal region contains the PTP-like domain, whereas the N-terminal region shows no homology to any known mammalian protein.

PTP-like domain


Input: In addition, and in support of a mediating role of STATs in the activation of the p21 promoter, overexpression of Stat3 potentiated the cytokine effect on the p21 promoter; whereas a dominant negative Stat3, or a mutation of the STAT response element on the promoter, significantly reduced the cytokine effect.

STATs

p21 promoter

p21 promoter

dominant negative Stat3

STAT response element


Input: The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C protein tetramer binds U1, U2, and U6 snRNAs through its high affinity RNA binding domain (the bZIP-like motif).

nuclear ribonucleoprotein C protein tetramer

U6 snRNAs


Input: On the comparison of correlated proportions for clustered data.


Input: A safe and simple system for the detection of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is proposed.


Input: The resulting mutants were coexpressed with gE in the vaccinia virus-based vTF7-3 system, and the formation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi transport of the hetero-oligomeric complex were monitored.

gE


Input: Homozygous mutant mice, designated Cux/CDPDeltaCR1, display a phenotype characterized by curly vibrissae and wavy hair.

Cux


Input: The mutant protein is present at levels slightly greater than wild-type, but exhibits the same tissue distribution as wild-type protein, and has approximately normal affinity for known target sequences (though no DNA targets identified to date require the first cut repeat for binding).


Input: METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 242 adult cadaveric renal transplant recipients treated between 11/91 and 5/97.


Input: The spectrum of age-associated brain abnormalities: their measurement and histopathological correlates.


Input: Our laboratory has recently identified two phosducin-like orphan proteins (PhLOP1 and PhLOP2) that lack the ability to interact with Gbetagamma.

phosducin-like orphan proteins

Gbetagamma


Input: Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using eyestalk complementary DNA of the sand shrimp Metapenaeus ensis.

Reverse transcriptase

RT


Input: In contrast, transcription initiating from opuE P-1 (sigma A) rose in proportion to the external osmolarity and was maintained at high levels.

opuE P-1

sigma A


Input: Randomly selected 300 children aged 3 months-3 yr were analysed over a period of one year for estimating prevalence of nutritional anaemia.


Input: In insects, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferases (AANATs) have been implicated in several physiological processes, including sclerotization, inactivation of certain neurotransmitters, and, similar to the function in vertebrates, catalysis of the rate-limiting step in melatonin biosynthesis.

arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferases

AANATs


Input: These results establish that hydroquinones lead to mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.


Input: IA-CT with cisplatin 50 mg and doxorubicin 30 mg was administered by one shot method in bilateral internal iliac arteries.


Input: Arnt3 mRNA was expressed in brain, skeletal muscle, 13. 5-day embryos, and P19 cells treated with retinoic acid.

Arnt3 mRNA


Input: The genomic structure and chromosomal location of the human TR2 orphan receptor, a member of the steroid receptor superfamily.

human TR2 orphan receptor

steroid receptor superfamily


Input: Correlation of skin disorders with CD4 lymphocyte counts in patients with HIV/AIDS.


Input: E2F-6 shares significant homology with E2Fs 1-5, especially within the DNA binding, heterodimerization and marked box domains.

E2Fs 1-5


Input: The IE13. 1 cell line was able to complement a recombinant virus in which both copies of the IE gene were replaced by insertion of the Escherichia coli lacZ gene.

IE gene

Escherichia coli lacZ gene


Input: DNase I footprinting and electrophoretic mobility shift analyses revealed two hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 (HNF1), three CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP), and one consensus palindromic thyroid hormone response elements within the first 215 base pairs (bp) of the promoter sequence of rat Std.

DNase I

hepatocyte nuclear factor-1

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein

C/EBP

rat Std


Input: Thus, these studies on rat Std promoter function indicate that (i) HNF1 and C/EBP are responsible for liver specificity of the rat Std gene; (ii) androgenic repression of the gene requires the presence of all of the OCT-1 and C/EBP elements between positions-231 and-292; and (iii) AR may exert its negative regulatory effect indirectly through transcriptional interference of OCT-1 and C/EBP rather than through a direct DNA-AR interaction.

rat Std promoter

C/EBP

rat Std gene

C/EBP elements

AR

C/EBP

DNA-AR


Input: Purified Hsk1 phosphorylates the Cdc19 (Mcm2) subunit of the six-member minichromosome maintenance protein complex purified from fission yeast.

six-member minichromosome maintenance protein complex


Input: The yeast MMS2 gene was cloned by its ability to complement the methyl methanesulfonate sensitivity of the mms2-1 mutant and was later shown to be involved in DNA post-replication repair.

yeast MMS2 gene

mms2-1 mutant


Input: Expression of the human papillomavirus type 11 E5A protein from the E1E4, E5 transcript.

human papillomavirus type 11 E5A protein

E1E4, E5 transcript


Input: Anesthesia with M/K was reversed after 41. 6 min of immobilization with atipamezole.


Input: There was no evident inciting agent of the disease.


Input: MK-801 administration resulted in a biphasic response in seizure latency.


Input: In contrast, the distribution of endocytic markers is not affected.


Input: Toxicity during the therapeutic period was not significant in the study group compared with the historical control, treated with the same regimen without G-CSF.

G-CSF


Input: Both methods were employed for various focal-film distances, image intensifier tube modes and laser printer formats.


Input: The effect of Rho on AP-1 is independent of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, as a dominant-negative MEK and a MEK inhibitor (PD98059) did not affect Rho-induced AP-1 activity.

Rho

mitogen-activated protein kinase

dominant-negative MEK

MEK

Rho


Input: Site-directed mutagenesis of residues in this domain (R82A, K85A, K88A, and V89A) resulted in proteins which failed to transactivate from the HTLV-1 LTR in vivo.

HTLV-1 LTR


Input: Mutations within the C terminus of c-fos at serine residues that are phosphorylation targets for growth factors and MAP kinase completely abrogate transactivation and block potentiation by MAP kinase.

c-fos

MAP kinase

MAP kinase


Input: In the former cells, ets-2 was a CSF-1 immediate-early response gene, and phosphorylated ets-2 was detected after 2 to 4 h, coincident with expression of ets-2 protein.

ets-2 protein


Input: Persistent activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases p42 and p44 and ets-2 phosphorylation in response to colony-stimulating factor 1/c-fms signaling.

mitogen-activated protein kinases p42

colony-stimulating factor 1

c-fms


Input: Identification of a proline-rich sequence in the CD2 cytoplasmic domain critical for regulation of integrin-mediated adhesion and activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

CD2 cytoplasmic domain

integrin

phosphoinositide 3-kinase


Input: Vam7p, a SNAP-25-like molecule, and Vam3p, a syntaxin homolog, function together in yeast vacuolar protein trafficking.

SNAP-25-like molecule

syntaxin homolog


Input: We have tested this possibility by constructing a consecutive series of cysteine substitutions in the Neu juxtamembrane domain in order to force dimerization along a series of interreceptor faces.

Neu juxtamembrane domain


Input: It has been demonstrated previously that Pax-6, a paired domain (PD)/homeodomain (HD) transcription factor critical for eye development, contributes to the activation of the alphaB-, alphaA-, delta1-, and zeta-crystallin genes in the lens.

paired domain

PD

homeodomain

HD

alphaB-, alphaA-, delta1-, and zeta-crystallin


Input: Tctex-1 binding required the first 19 amino acids of Fyn and integrity of two lysine residues within this sequence that were previously shown to be important for Fyn interactions with the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) of lymphocyte Ag receptors.

Fyn

Fyn

lymphocyte Ag receptors


Input: The prothrombin gene G20210A mutation is not found among Japanese patients with deep vein thrombosis and healthy individuals.

prothrombin gene G20210A mutation


Input: In the studies described in this report, we have investigated the signaling pathway (s) that are responsible for CREB activation in normal T cells.

CREB


Input: Respondents who lived with a spouse/partner only were less likely to have an unfavorable BMI status than people in the other two groups.


Input: Isolation of a novel TP53 target gene from a colon cancer cell line carrying a highly regulated wild-type TP53 expression system.

TP53 target gene

wild-type TP53


Input: Overexpression of MDR1 has been demonstrated in many cancers, both in patient tumors and in cell lines selected with a variety of chemotherapeutic agents.


Input: Cytogenetic and molecular characterization of random chromosomal rearrangements activating the drug resistance gene, MDR1/P-glycoprotein, in drug-selected cell lines and patients with drug refractory ALL.

P-glycoprotein


Input: BACKGROUND: It is generally accepted that smoking increases blood pressure and inhibits muscle sympathetic nerve activity (SNA).


Input: When the blood pressure increase in response to smoking was blunted by nitroprusside infusion, there was a striking increase in muscle SNA.


Input: After that report, carboxypeptidase D (CPD) was subsequently purified from bovine pituitary and characterized as a novel carboxypeptidase E (CPE)-like enzyme, with many characteristics in common with duck gp180 (Song, L., Fricker, L. D., 1995.

carboxypeptidase D

CPD

carboxypeptidase E

CPE


Input: RA-treatment of these transfectants induced morphologic and immunophenotypic maturation, changes in RA-regulated genes, and a G1 cell cycle arrest in a manner similar to parental NT2/D1 cells.


Input: The histopathology and neovascularization did not appreciably differ between xenograft tumors derived from FGF4 over-expressing versus control transfectants.


Input: For smaller vessels up to a diameter of 0. 5 mm, treatments at 16 and 18 J/cm2 showed good results in 60 and 82% respectively; for vessels up to 1 mm in 27 and 33%.


Input: RXR-gamma expression produced significant reduction in levels of RA-responsive genes including the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21Cip1/WAF1 and p27Kip1, resulting in increased cdc2 and cdk2 kinase activity and RB phosphorylation.

RXR-gamma

cyclin-dependent kinase

cdk2 kinase

RB


Input: Generally ILC and ILVF values decreased with increasing exposure time with rate constants ranging from 0. 03 to 0. 33 day-1 (wet and lipid weight) for ILC and 0. 03 to 0. 31 day-1 for ILVF.


Input: These sequence analyses suggest that xIRS-u is a novel member of the IRS family rather than a Xenopus homolog of an existing member.

xIRS-u

IRS family


Input: The present study sought to develop an equation to estimate VO2peak in peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) patients with intermittent claudication and to determine independent predictors of VO2peak in this population.


Input: The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), Injury Severity Scale and TRISS methodology comprise a mathematically sound system for the analysis of injuries and injured patients.


Input: This hypothesis was tested by introducing mutations at each of the three histidine pairs, the H382-X2-H385 pair, the H411-X2-H414 pair and the H430-X5-H436 pair, which constitute the histidine-rich region near the C terminus of gp17.


Input: Using backcross analysis, both exons 1 and 4 mapped to a proximal region of murine Chromosome 4 indistinguishable from the vacillans gene.

vacillans gene


Input: Seventy-five percent of children who received a second transplant for HCV hepatitis had early histologic recurrence that led to liver failure and death.


Input: However, both TPN groups showed a marked increase in activities of liver lysosomal enzymes.

lysosomal enzymes


Input: Regulation of embryonic growth and lysosomal targeting by the imprinted Igf2/Mpr gene.

Mpr


Input: Furthermore, early-and late-firing origins differ not in the timing of their recruitment of an Mcm protein, but in the timing of RPA' s recruitment.

Mcm protein

RPA' s


Input: Thus, in the presence of active S-CDKs and Dbf4/Cdc7, Mcms may open origins and thereby facilitate the loading of RPA.

active S-CDKs

Mcms

RPA


Input: Tyrosine phosphorylated STATs dimerize and translocate into the nucleus to activate specific genes.

STATs


Input: Nonsynonymous substitution in abalone sperm fertilization genes exceeds substitution in introns and mitochondrial DNA.


Input: Gel retardation assays detected ZiaR-dependent complexes forming with the zia operator-promoter and ZiaR-DNA binding was enhanced by treatment with a metal-chelator in vitro.

ZiaR

zia operator-promoter

ZiaR


Input: CONCLUSION: Although quantitative and qualitative criteria for diagnosing fatty liver on helical CT can be determined, they are protocol-specific.


Input: The PC-based RTPS is designed to run in the Microsoft Windows 3. 11 environment (and later versions), for computers equipped with 486 or Pentium processors.


Input: Alternatively, the similarity in apparent regulatory action of the genes may indicate allelic differences wherein the IS1112C Rf3 allele may differ from alleles of maintainer lines by the capability to regulate both orf107 and urf209 processing activities.

IS1112C Rf3 allele


Input: JCAHO revised interpretation


Input: A human SPT3-TAFII31-GCN5-L acetylase complex distinct from transcription factor IID.

L acetylase

transcription factor IID


Input: Oleate induced steady-state levels of M-CPT I mRNA 4. 5-fold.

M-CPT I mRNA


Input: Mapping of the DNA binding domain of the copper-responsive transcription factor Mac1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Mac1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae


Input: A further mechanism increasing specific activation was cooperation of receptors at multiple and weak HREs, which was accentuated in the presence of both the AR N terminus and ligand binding domain.

AR


Input: Previously, we characterized a DNA-binding protein, HS2NF5, that bound tightly to a conserved region within hypersensitive site 2 (HS2) of the human beta-globin locus control region (LCR) (Lam, L.

human beta-globin locus control region


Input: The CBF1 site within HS2 resides near sites for hematopoietic regulators such as GATA-1, NF-E2, and TAL1.

CBF1 site


Input: The rat branched-chain-2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase (BCOD) kinase mRNA is transcribed from a TATA-less promoter that has GC-rich sequences and two putative Sp1 binding sites near the transcription start site.

rat branched-chain-2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase (BCOD) kinase mRNA

Sp1 binding sites


Input: Co-transfection of the Sp1 expression plasmid and the-58 promoter construct into Drosophila Schneider cells revealed that Sp1 contributed to the kinase basal promoter activity by binding to the non-consensus site in the-58 region.


Input: Until such investigations are performed, we conclude that the role for adjuvant treatment is questionable and that TME surgery is preferred as the treatment option for Stage T1-T3 rectal cancers.


Input: Likewise, at 150 degrees C with 2% APS the surface density of NH2 groups reached a maximum at 24 hr and remained relatively constant up to 96 hr.


Input: Taken together, these results suggest that the cooperation of transcription factors NF-kappaB and AP-1 is essential for transactivation of IL-8 gene by HTLV-I Tax.

transcription factors NF-kappaB

IL-8 gene

HTLV-I Tax


Input: This study examines the cooperative effects of a human estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) isoform on estrogen (E2)-mediated gene activation in U2-OS osteosarcoma cells.

estrogen receptor-alpha

ERalpha


Input: Transfection of increasing amounts of delta5ERalpha expression vector into [ERalpha +] OS cells resulted in potentiation of E2-stimulated ERELuc activity in a synergistic, dose-dependent manner.

ERalpha

ERELuc


Input: Studies using the yeast two-hybrid system also did not provide evidence for the formation of a VDR-TR protein-protein interaction.

VDR

TR


Input: We did not observe any changes in Bcl-2 or Bcl-2-related proteins (Bcl-x, Bax, and Bad) in control or KCREB-transfected cells before or after treatment with Tg.

Bcl-2-related proteins

Bcl-x

Bax

Bad

KCREB


Input: Tyrosine 112 of latent membrane protein 2A is essential for protein tyrosine kinase loading and regulation of Epstein-Barr virus latency.

latent membrane protein 2A

protein tyrosine kinase


Input: To improve test efficiency, we modified our previously introduced contrast/color card test by including a patterned test stimulus and reducing the number of stimuli in both experimental phases.


Input: The defect in these proteins was also uniformly suppressed by either Mn2 +, or the Mu B protein in the presence of ATP and target DNA.

Mu B protein


Input: Using homology cloning techniques, we identified a mouse homologue of E (Pc), termed Epc1, a yeast protein that we name EPL1, and as well as additional ESTs from Caenorhabditis elegans, mice and humans.

E (Pc)


Input: Second, the wild-type m8 3' UTR strongly reduces accumulation of heterologous transcripts in vivo, an activity that requires its K box sequences.

wild-type m8 3' UTR


Input: In particular, unc-86 encodes a POU-type homeodomain protein needed for the production of the touch cells, while mec-3 encodes a LIM-type homeodomain protein needed for the differentiation of the touch cells.

POU-type homeodomain protein

LIM-type homeodomain protein


Input: During the 2h resuscitation period, extracellular aspartate and glutamate concentrations in the cerebral striatum were higher during hypoxaemic resuscitation (p = 0. 044 and p = 0. 055, respectively) than during resuscitation with 21% O2 or 100% O2, suggesting an unfavourable accumulation of potent excitotoxins during hypoxaemic resuscitation.


Input: Furthermore, phosphatidylinositol (3, 4, 5) trisphosphate specifically stimulates the activity of ILK in vitro, and in addition, membrane targetted constitutively active Pi (3) K activates ILK in vivo.

ILK

Pi (3) K

ILK


Input: Transfection and in vitro binding studies identified within HEFT1 a promoter whose basal activity required a GC box activated by Sp1 or Sp3.

HEFT1 a promoter


Input: Plasma was tested before and after (14 +/-7. 5 [SD] days) surgery for IgG antibodies to the complex of heparin/platelet factor 4, using a standardized, validated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

IgG antibodies

heparin/platelet factor 4


Input: The FAS promoter was up-regulated by insulin through the proximal insulin response sequence containing an E-box motif at the-65-base pair position.

FAS promoter

insulin

insulin response sequence


Input: The effect of independent predictors on survival was examined in a Cox regression model with adjustment for existing illnesses.


Input: Effects of rhG-CSF on neutrophil functions and survival in sepsis induced diabetic rats.

rhG-CSF


Input: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this article is to review balance instruments developed within the past 10 years that can be used in the clinic or home environment.


Input: CASE REPORT: We observed a congenital skin defect located exclusively on the trunk.


Input: Anastrozole is the first aromatase inhibitor to show a significant survival advantage over megestrol acetate in post-menopausal women with advanced breast cancer.

aromatase


Input: W.


Input: Moritta) and contains Bis-GMA.


Input: Mutation of either the AP-1 or the ets component of this site also prevented promoter activity in SMCs.

ets


Input: ANIMALS: Fifty dogs with naturally developing DM.


Input: Surprisingly, double mutants of the shy2-1D mutant with the phytochrome-deficient mutants hy2, hy3 (phyB-1) and fre1-1 (phyA-201) showed reduced photomorphogenic response in darkness with a longer hypocotyl, a longer inflorescence stem, and a lower level expression of the CAB gene than the shy2-1D single mutant.

shy2-1D mutant

phytochrome

CAB gene

shy2-1D single mutant


Input: Laser ablation has been employed as a therapeutic measure for chronic pulmonary emphysema.


Input: The SH2-containing adapter protein GRB10 interacts with BCR-ABL.

BCR

ABL


Input: Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains four known acyl-CoA synthetases (fatty acid activation proteins, Faaps).

acyl-CoA synthetases

fatty acid activation proteins

Faaps


Input: We recently reported a placenta-specific enhancer in the human leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene and now show detailed characterization of the 226-base pair enhancer (-4625/-4400 nucleotides).

human leukemia inhibitory factor receptor

LIFR


Input: Copyright 1998 Elsevier Science B. V.


Input: It may be time to reevaluate the dichotomy between AD and VaD.


Input: Clone 39 was a homolog of CONSTANS, which is a gene involved in controlling the flowering time in Arabidopsis.

CONSTANS


Input: The effects of high intensity light emissions, produced by a novel pulsed power energization technique (PPET), on the survival of bacterial populations of verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (serotype 0157: H7) and Listeria monocytogenes (serotype 4b) were investigated.


Input: Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a syndrome in which multiple symptoms reportedly occur with low-level chemical exposure.


Input: POU-domain proteins, such as the pituitary-specific factor Pit-1, are members of the homeodomain family of proteins which are important in development and homeostasis, acting constitutively or in response to signal-transduction pathways to either repress or activate the expression of specific genes.

POU-domain proteins

pituitary-specific factor Pit-1

homeodomain family


Input: Wild-type and mutant MyoD were introduced into cells using an E1, E3-deleted adenoviral vector.

MyoD


Input: These results suggest that Thr115 may play an important role in the regulation of MyoD function under conditions of high mitogenesis.

MyoD


Input: This and previous results suggest that the CRE and Sp1 site may synergistically activate TH transcription in a promoter context-dependent manner.

Sp1 site

TH


Input: Endoscopic examinations, peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts, and assays of myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) in homogenates of colon mucosa were performed after one week (4% DSS model) and eight weeks (1% DSS model).

myeloperoxidase

MPO


Input: T7 transcription could be manipulated to achieve different levels of constitutive expression, through the use of promoter mutations.


Input: The primers were degenerate sets of oligonucleotides derived from known amino acid sequences of the PBAN precursor.

PBAN precursor


Input: Plants transformed with the 35S-1-sst construct accumulated the oligofructans 1-kestose (GF2), 1, 1-nystose (GF3) and 1, 1, 1-fructosylnystose (GF4).


Input: Based on the comparison of the predicted amino acid sequences of 1-sst and 1-fft with those of other plant fructosyl transferase genes, we postulate that both plant fructan genes have evolved from plant invertase genes.

fructosyl transferase genes

fructan genes

invertase


Input: However, ICK1 was induced by ABA, and along with ICK1 induction there was a decrease in Cdc2-like histone H1 kinase activity.

Cdc2-like histone H1 kinase


Input: Here, we report that swa5-1 is a new temperature-sensitive allele of the clathrin heavy chain gene (chc1-5), which carries a frameshift mutation near the 3' end of the CHC1 open reading frame.

clathrin heavy chain gene


Input: We have determined the molecular lesions of nine Scm mutant alleles, which identify functional requirements for specific domains.

Scm mutant alleles


Input: Intriguingly, three hypomorphic Scm mutations, which map within an mbt repeat, interact with PcG mutations more strongly than do Scm null alleles.

Scm

mbt repeat

PcG mutations

Scm


Input: Northern analysis revealed no detectable expression of the transcript in diapause-or nondiapause-programmed wandering larvae, and only trace expression in nondiapausing pupae.


Input: Besides the characterization and discussion of the experimental setup used, the rate constants obtained are discussed and compared with estimated values.


Input: The presence of PDZ and SAM domains in the KS5 protein suggests that it may act as a molecular adaptor, promoting and relaying information in a signal transduction pathway.

PDZ

KS5 protein


Input: BACKGROUND: Fluoroquinolones (FQ) are contraindicated in children because of the risk of cartilage damage.


Input: In analyses with control for multiple variables, relative risk for microalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion, 20-199 microg/min) in men and women was 2. 51 and 1. 62, respectively, with 18 mm Hg higher (1 SD) systolic blood pressure; 2. 25 and 2. 10, respectively, with 1. 0-mmol/L (40 mg/dL) higher plasma cholesterol level; 1. 99 and 1. 91, respectively, for smokers vs nonsmokers; and 1. 83 and 1. 33, respectively, with 4 kg/m2 higher body mass index.


Input: However, while IL-1beta and TNF-alpha both induced nuclear binding of the Rel proteins p50 and p65 to an NF-kappaB consensus oligonucleotide in gel shift assays and caused transient degradation of inhibitor of NF-kappaB-alpha (IkappaB-alpha) in the cytoplasm of myofibroblasts, only IL-1beta upregulated PDGF-Ralpha.

TNF-alpha

Rel proteins p50

NF-kappaB consensus oligonucleotide

inhibitor of NF-kappaB-alpha

IkappaB-alpha

PDGF-Ralpha


Input: Cotransfections with ATF-2 and HNF-4 expression plasmids resulted in additive transactivation of the apoCIII promoter.

apoCIII promoter


Input: Phosphocreatine hydrolysis during submaximal exercise: the effect of FIO2.


Input: Pseudocontact shifts arise from the isotropic reorientational average of the dipolar coupling between unpaired electron and nuclei, in the presence of magnetic susceptibility anisotropy.


Input: GETS-1 is expressed in many tissues, but is enriched in retina and brain.


Input: The interaction of U1-70K with the SRZ proteins is confirmed further in vitro using a blot overlay assay.

SRZ proteins


Input: The major phenotypes resulting from Fab1p kinase inactivation include temperature-sensitive growth, vacuolar acidification defects, and dramatic increases in vacuolar size.

Fab1p kinase


Input: Interestingly, an antibody against N-SMase can abrogate Ox-LDL-and TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis and therefore may be useful for in vivo studies of apoptosis in experimental animals.

N-SMase

Ox-LDL

TNF-alpha


Input: We found that virulent Ngo strains induce phosphorylation and activation of JNK but not of p38 kinase.

JNK


Input: Focused beams of classical light ablate elements of the cell division machinery and switch the beating of hearts on a cellular basis.


Input: The human T cell lymphotropic retrovirus type I (HTLV-I) trans-activator, Tax, interacts specifically with the basic-domain/leucine-zipper (bZip) protein, cAMP response element binding protein (CREB), bound to the viral Tax-responsive element consisting of three imperfect 21-base pair repeats, each with a cAMP response element core flanked by G/C-rich sequences.

Tax

basic-domain/leucine-zipper (bZip) protein

cAMP response element binding protein

CREB

viral Tax-responsive element


Input: This sequence is very similar to the insulin response sequence found in the regulatory region of other genes negatively regulated by insulin such as those encoding phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, tyrosine aminotransferase, and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1.

insulin response sequence

insulin

phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase

tyrosine aminotransferase

insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1


Input: The murine facilitative glucose transporter isoform 3 (Glut 3) is developmentally regulated and is predominantly expressed in neurons and trophoblasts.

murine facilitative glucose transporter isoform 3

Glut 3


Input: However, changing the half-site to the consensus sequence AGGTCA (IRper-1) increased binding of AaEcR. AaUSP 10-fold over IRhsp-1 and, at the same time, reduced the stringency of the spacer length requirement, with IRper-0 to IRper-5 showing detectable binding.

AaEcR. AaUSP


Input: The levels of transactivation are correlated with the respective binding affinities of the response elements (IRper-1 > DR-4 > IRhsp-1).


Input: The high density of tegumental spines on posterior half of the body and the distribution of type II papillae on dorsal surface are considered to be characteristic of C. armatus.


Input: Inactivation of p53 but not p73 by adenovirus type 5 E1B 55-kilodalton and E4 34-kilodalton oncoproteins.

adenovirus type 5 E1B 55-kilodalton and E4 34-kilodalton oncoproteins


Input: The Epstein-Barr virus transactivator Zta triggers lytic gene expression and is essential for replication of the lytic origin, oriLyt.

Epstein-Barr virus transactivator Zta


Input: Cotransfection of the helicase-primase proteins, one of which was fused to a heterologous activation domain, led to Zta-dependent superactivation of CAT expression.

helicase

primase

Zta

CAT


Input: A single rectal dose of 25 mg/kg will obtain this lower concentration within 1 h of administration and maintain it for up to 6 h.


Input: Although YopH is a highly active PTP, it preferentially targets a subset of tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in host cells, including p130Cas.

YopH

PTP


Input: Phylogenetic position of the Phacotaceae within the Chlamydophyceaeas revealed by analysis of 18S rDNA and rbcL sequences.

18S rDNA

rbcL sequences


Input: The activation and injury of endothelial cells induced by TNF and other proinflammatory cytokines may underlie the local effects of these mediators in vivo.

TNF


Input: A technique for thermal imaging of the animal and human brain cortex using an infrared optical system is described.


Input: Here we demonstrate that THOV NP contains a motif (KRxxxxxxxxxKTKK) at amino acid positions 179-193 that represents a classical bipartite nuclear localization signal (NLS).

THOV NP


Input: As PP2A exerts a range of cellular functions including cell cycle regulation and cell fate determination, we were surprised to find that these embryos develop normally until postimplantation, around embryonic day 5. 5/6. 0.


Input: The most frequent risk factor for ischaemic was hypertension.


Input: The results indicate that anthraquinone sennoside B and rhein are weakly genotoxic.


Input: 16 subjects were repatch tested to ethylmercury chloride (EtHgCl) and to solutions containing EtHgCl mixed with L-cysteine and glutathione, respectively.


Input: The carboxyl-terminal portion of UKLF contains three zinc fingers of the Cys2-His2 type and binds in vitro to the CACCC motif of the beta-globin promoter and to the Sp1 recognition sequence.

UKLF

beta-globin promoter

Sp1 recognition sequence


Input: We have recently identified a mouse enzyme termed gamma-glutamyl leukotrienase (GGL) that converts leukotriene C4 (LTC4) to leukotriene D4 (LTD4).

gamma-glutamyl leukotrienase

GGL


Input: UGA codon position affects the efficiency of selenocysteine incorporation into glutathione peroxidase-1.

glutathione peroxidase-1


Input: Forskolin significantly enhanced heregulin-stimulated expression of cyclin D and phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product.

heregulin

cyclin D

retinoblastoma gene product


Input: The ARF promoter was also found to be highly responsive to E2F1 expression, in keeping with previous results at the RNA level.

ARF promoter


Input: Observers with brain injury and control participants performed a vigilance task during which they received periodic whiffs of unscented air or air scented with peppermint.


Input: A simple analytical method for l-menthol by high-performance liquid chromatography with a polarized photometric detector was established.


Input: After measuring baseline Vmca at a partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) of 37. 7 +/-4. 5 mmHg (mean +/-SD), measurements were repeated at a PaCO of 44. 2 +/-3. 8 mmHg, and the carbon dioxide reactivity (absolute value: cm x s (-1) x mmHg (-1); relative value: percentage of baseline Vmca/mmHg) was calculated.


Input: Multivariate Cox survival analysis identified baseline EF < or = 30%, presence of significant mitral regurgitation (> 2 +) before ablation, and failure to exhibit improved cardiac performance by 1 month after ablation as the only independent predictors of death.


Input: We have developed a new method for estimation of regional CBF (rCBF) and cerebrovascular reserve capacity on a pixel-by-pixel basis by means of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).


Input: Cost-effectiveness analysis provides a rational means of allocating limited health care resources by allowing the comparison of the costs of lipid-lowering therapy, in particular, therapy with beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-CoA (coenzyme A) reductase inhibitors (statins), with the costs of atherosclerosis that could be prevented by lowering cholesterol.

beta-hydroxy-beta-methylglutaryl-CoA (coenzyme A) reductase


Input: Although E2FBP1 lacks the transactivation domain, it stimulates E2F site-dependent transcription in cooperation with E2F-1.


Input: Analysis of Msy2 mRNA expression in prepubertal and adult mouse testes, and in isolated populations of germ cells, reveals maximal expression in postmeiotic round spermatids, a cell type with abundant amounts of stored messenger ribonucleoproteins.

Msy2 mRNA


Input: 1 in Ho Chi Minh City was studied by culture and latex agglutination of blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and pleural fluid.


Input: Glycogen synthesis and catabolism, gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, motility, cell surface properties and adherence are modulated by csrA in Escherichia coli, while the production of several secreted virulence factors, the plant hypersensitive response elicitor HrpN (Ecc) and, potentially, other secondary metabolites are regulated by rsmA in Erwinia carotovora.

csrA in Escherichia coli

HrpN

Ecc

rsmA in Erwinia carotovora


Input: Deletion analysis revealed that the essential domain of this promoter, termed the ORF5/deltaX transcript promoter, mapped to nucleotides 1525-1625.

ORF5/deltaX transcript promoter


Input: Some of the peptide: MBP fusions were also analyzed using surface plasmon resonance.

peptide: MBP fusions


Input: Cardiac myosin-binding protein C (MyBP-C): identification of protein kinase A and protein kinase C phosphorylation sites.

Cardiac myosin-binding protein C

MyBP-C

protein kinase A

protein kinase C


Input: Analysis of chromosomal DNA sequence immediately downstream of the transposon insertion identified two open reading frames, designated csrR and csrS, which exhibited sequence similarity to bacterial two-component regulatory systems.

csrR

csrS


Input: We previously delineated a region in the fatty-acid synthase promoter, which was responsible for obesity-related overexpression of the fatty-acid synthase (FAS) gene, by negatively regulating the activity of the downstream promoter in lean but not obese rat fat cells.

fatty-acid synthase promoter

fatty-acid synthase

FAS


Input: Finally, using in vitro binding studies, we showed that SREBP2 was able to displace ADD1/SREBP1 binding from the sterol regulatory element (SRE) site.


Input: Thus, IRF-7 exhibits functional similarity to IRF-3; however, the preferential expression of IRF-7 in lymphoid cells (the cell type that expresses IFNA) suggests that IRF-7 may play a critical role in regulating the IFNA gene expression.

IFNA

IFNA gene


Input: J.


Input: PURPOSE: The role interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the treatment of congenital thrombocytopenias is unknown.