Input: "If Trump means 'spreading' in terms of ISIS's ability to directly conduct or indirectly inspire attacks in other countries, then the number of countries where such attacks have occurred is around 20,” Revkin said

countries

Trump


Input: "But that said, mere exposure to ISIS propaganda alone does not lead to radicalization,” she said

ISIS


Input: This strategy would be an extension of Obama administration’s policy of targeting influential IS figures in Iraq and Syria

Iraq

Syria

IS

Obama


Input: Since the beginning of the U.S.-led coalition campaign against IS, dozens in the IS hierarchy have been killed in airstrikes and drone raids

coalition

IS

IS


Input: Analysts and commanders on the ground say Clinton is likely overly optimistic in saying that IS will be uprooted from Iraq in a year

Iraq

IS

commanders

Clinton


Input: Chief IS spokesperson Abu Mohammad al-Adnani was killed in a U.S. strike in August

U.S.

IS

spokesperson

Abu Mohammad al-Adnani

strike

U.S.

killed

Abu Mohammad al-Adnani

U.S.


Input: In July, the U.S. targeted two senior commanders: Basim Muhammad Ahmad Sultan al-Bajari, the terror group's deputy minister of war, and Hatim Talib al-Hamduni, an IS military commander in Mosul

U.S.

Mosul

IS

military

commanders

Muhammad Ahmad Sultan al-Bajari

minister

Hatim Talib al-Hamduni

commander


Input: Also, Abu Omar al-Shishani, IS minister of war, was killed in a U.S. airstrike in March

U.S.

IS

Abu Omar al-Shishani

minister

airstrike

U.S.

killed

Abu Omar al-Shishani

U.S.


Input: In another strike in the same month, Abd al-Rahman Mustafa al-Qaduli, IS minister of finance, was killed

IS

Abd al-Rahman Mustafa al-Qaduli

minister

killed

Abd al-Rahman Mustafa al-Qaduli


Input: FILE - The U.S.-led coalition campaign against IS has killed dozens in the Islamic State hierarchy

coalition

IS

Islamic State

dozens

killed


Input: "The Obama administration has been successful for now and it was able to [get] top IS commanders, including Al-Shishani and al-Adnani," said Ahmet S. Yayla, deputy director at the International Center for the Study of Violent Extremism (ICSVE) at George Mason University

administration

IS

International Center for the Study of Violent Extremism

ICSVE

George Mason University

Obama

commanders

Al-Shishani

al-Adnani

Ahmet S. Yayla

director


Input: Yayla added that IS has "lost many of its top commanders through these surgical operations.

IS

Yayla

commanders


Input: FILE - Hundreds of civilians flee villages outside Mosul a day after Iraqi Kurdish forces launched an operation east of Islamic State-held Mosul, Aug. 15, 2016

Mosul

Iraqi

Mosul

Kurdish

forces


Input: Barham Aris Yasin, a Kurdish commander on the front line of northern Mosul, said in an interview with VOA that pushing IS out of Iraq will take at least three years "if the American role remains as its now.

Mosul

Iraq

American

Kurdish

VOA

IS

Barham Aris Yasin

commander


Input: White House Options Grim as Syria Spirals Downward-WHITE HOUSE — -Exactly one year after Russia began its air campaign to help Bashar al-Assad’s government crush opposition rebels, Syria continues a hellish descent into chaos, carnage and devastation

Syria

Russia

Syria

White House

WHITE HOUSE

government

Bashar al-Assad’s


Input: The White House still has no effective plan to stop it and there are no good options either, experts said

White House

experts


Input: On Friday, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov called U.S. threats to break engagement over the Syria bombings “unacceptable and deplorable.

Russian

U.S.

Syria

Sergei Lavrov


Input: A telephone conversation between U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and Lavrov on Friday yielded no progress

U.S. Secretary of State

John Kerry

Lavrov

conversation

Lavrov


Input: “We are at the same place,” State Department spokesman Mark Toner said

State Department

Mark Toner


Input: U.S. diplomatic engagement with Russia “is on life support, but it has not flat-lined yet,” Toner said

U.S.

Russia

Toner


Input: “We want to make sure that we understand the stakes and that Russia understands the stakes, more importantly.

Russia


Input: The Obama administration has continued to look for ways to “alleviate the suffering in Syria,” but the options “are not very good,” Toner said

Syria

administration

Obama

Toner


Input: Former U.S. ambassador to Syria Robert Ford predicted there will be no major breakthrough between the U.S. and Russia to solve the crisis because they have fundamentally different views

U.S.

Syria

U.S.

Russia

ambassador

Robert Ford


Input: Ford, who served in the diplomatic role from 2011-2014, is currently a senior fellow at the Middle East Institute in Washington

Washington

the Middle East Institute

Ford


Input: America’s top priority is counterterrorism while Russia’s top concern is to ensure the survival of Assad’s government, he wrote on the think tank’s website

government


Input: Moscow marked the anniversary on Friday by signaling it will ramp up its bombardments alongside the Syrian government against Aleppo, the last stronghold of opposition rebels

Moscow

Syrian

Aleppo

government


Input: “The Americans perceive that the brutal policies of the Assad government drive terrorist recruitment and instability,” Ford wrote

government

Ford

Assad


Input: While Russia believes “Assad’s clique holds what is left of the government together and were it to fall, confusion in Damascus would aggravate the terrorism challenge.

Russia

Damascus

government


Input: Because the Obama administration has ruled out direct military intervention, “Washington is content to back Syrian local forces against ISIS (Islamic State), knowing it is not a permanent fix,” he argued

Washington

Syrian

administration

military

ISIS

Islamic State

Obama

forces


Input: On Friday, Lavrov even suggested the Americans at a minimum “tacitly support” Syria’s al-Qaida wing, the al-Nusra Front, because the U.S. “refuses basically to separate the opposition from the Nusra,” he claimed

U.S.

al-Qaida

al-Nusra Front

Lavrov


Input: The Russian diplomat also charged more rebel groups are aligning themselves with terror organizations

Russian

groups

organizations

diplomat


Input: People dig in the rubble in an ongoing search for survivors at a site hit previously by an airstrike in the rebel-held Tariq al-Bab neighborhood of Aleppo, Syria, Sept. 26, 2016

Aleppo

Syria

neighborhood

Tariq al-Bab

airstrike

neighborhood


Input: “There has been a shameful strategy implemented by the Assad regime and aided and abetted by the Russians to try to bomb civilians into submission,” White House Press Secretary Josh Earnest said

regime

White House

Assad

Russians

civilians

Josh Earnest


Input: One expert suggested the U.S. has done too little

U.S.

expert


Input: “The U.S. has never invested enough to drive the Syrian conflict in any meaningful way,” said Genevieve Casagrande, Syria research analyst for the Institute of the Study of War

U.S.

Syrian

Syria

Genevieve Casagrande

analyst


Input: More than 250,000 people are trapped in the ravaged city, where the bombings have decimated critical sites, including water supplies, refugee camps, hospitals and humanitarian aid supplies

camps

hospitals

city

people


Input: “It has left the U.S. constrained in a lot of ways.

U.S.


Input: In addition, the engagement with Russia must end, Casagrande argued

Russia

Casagrande


Input: “The U.S. cannot under any circumstances accept a partnership with Russia while Russia continues to be a belligerent actor in the Syrian civil war.

U.S.

Russia

Russia

Syrian

actor


Input: While Kerry has done everything possible to reach a negotiated solution, the effort ignores important realities, said Anthony Cordesman, Arleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy at the Center for Strategic and International Studies

Center for Strategic and International Studies

Kerry

Anthony Cordesman

Arleigh A. Burke


Input: “It ignores that reality that Russia, the Assad regime, Iran, the Hezbollah don’t want a negotiated solution,” Cordesman said

Russia

Iran

regime

Hezbollah

Assad

Cordesman


Input: Moscow 'wins'-Moscow “wins regardless of the outcome,” added Cordesman, who said Russia has used its role in Syria to show it can compete with the U.S. For Russia, “playing the spoiler role ... is just as strategically advantageous as having a successful Assad regime.

Moscow

Moscow

Russia

Syria

U.S.

Russia

regime

Assad


Input: Experts also said the U.S. must do more to bolster opposition groups in Syria before they are forced to turn to al-Qaida groups for help in breaking the siege

U.S.

Syria

groups

al-Qaida

groups


Input: “We have to start piecing together and strengthening some of these remaining independent and U.S.-backed groups into groups that can sustain the onslaught of a Russian-Syrian regime aerial campaign and the increasing pressure from al-Qaida inside Syria,” Casagrande warned

Syria

groups

groups

regime

al-Qaida

Casagrande


Input: The U.S. needs a more assertive approach and to provide opposition groups with a surge of assistance, said Charles Lister, a senior fellow at the Middle East Institute

U.S.

groups

Middle East Institute

Charles Lister


Input: The strikes even targeted an underground playground, according to the White House

White House


Input: Lister said the groups could provide civilians with protection for a sustained period of time, opening up the opportunity for “meaningful political negotiations” and efforts to “gradually undermine extremist narratives on the ground.

groups

Lister


Input: Experts agreed, however, there is no one good or easy solution to solving the Syrian crisis

Syrian


Input: “The U.S. needs to do something that shocks the system just enough,” Casagrande said

U.S.

Casagrande


Input: Nike Ching at the State Department contributed to this report

State Department

Nike Ching


Input: After speaking by phone on Friday, U.S. President Barack Obama and German Chancellor Angela Merkel called the attacks "barbarous.

U.S.

German

Barack Obama

Angela Merkel

speaking

Angela Merkel


Input: Humanitarian aid-Yet the White House has continued to express hope that Moscow would press the Assad government to uphold a cease-fire and allow the flow of humanitarian aid to terrorized populations in Aleppo and elsewhere

Moscow

Aleppo

White House

government

Assad


Input: A U.S.-Russia brokered cease-fire fell apart last month, after Russia and Syria launched the air offensive against opposition rebels in a bid to push them out of major urban areas

Russia

Syria

areas


Input: The bombardments have pushed diplomatic engagement between Moscow and Washington to the brink

Moscow

Washington


Input: Syrian civil defense volunteers, known as the White Helmets, pass the body of a boy after he was pulled from the rubble following a government forces airstrike on the rebel-held al-Shaer neighborhood of Aleppo, Sept. 27, 2016

Syrian

Aleppo

al-Shaer

neighborhood

government

boy

forces

airstrike


Input: St. Louis Welcomes Second US Presidential Debate-ST. LOUIS, MO. — -Amanda Gallop carries a prized possession on her smart phone as she walks across campus

campus

US

ST.

Louis Welcomes

Amanda Gallop


Input: An email from “Debate 2016 at Washington University in St. Louis.

St. Louis

Washington University


Input: Students playing the roles of the candidates go through a rehearsal for the second 2016 U.S. presidential debate at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, Oct. 8, 2016

U.S.

St. Louis

Missouri

Washington University

candidates


Input: Commission employees have been working all week to turn the athletic facility at Washington University in St. Louis into a debate hall

facility

St. Louis

Washington University

employees


Input: The stage floor is covered in a blue carpet with a double red ring containing white stars.At the center of the ring are two bar stools

floor

center


Input: Republican Trump will sit on the left; Democrat Clinton on the right

Republican

Democrat

Trump

Clinton


Input: On both sides of the stage are 20 chairs for the undecided voters who will ask the questions in a town hall debate format

town

voters


Input: The two moderators will sit at a round table at the front of the stage, facing the candidates

candidates


Input: Video firestorm-The debate has nearly been overshadowed by a controversy surrounding a video of Republican Donald Trump

Republican

Donald Trump


Input: The video, obtained by The Washington Post, is off-camera banter between Trump and a male TV entertainment host

The Washington Post

Trump

male


Input: In the 2005 video, Trump uses lewd comments about his conquests with women.It has set off a call for Trump to resign his nomination for the presidency

Trump

Trump


Input: It tells her she made it in the top 100 of the 10,239 students who entered the lottery for debate tickets and that she’s likely to be issued a seat inside the debate hall

students


Input: Trump issued a video apology late Friday night and has said that there is no chance he will step down

Trump


Input: YouTube screen grab from video obtained by The Washington Post of lewd conversation about women between Donald Trump and Billy Bush

Washington Post

women

Donald Trump

Billy Bush


Input: Gallop is a fervent Hillary Clinton supporter

Gallop

Hillary Clinton


Input: “It reminds me that there is only one candidate [Democrat Hillary Clinton] who treats all humans with respect and dignity and does not objectify.

Democrat

candidate

Hillary Clinton


Input: Reactions from other college students were also quick and decisive

college

students


Input: As a senior majoring in Bio Medical Engineering, Taylor Pemberton likes Donald Trump’s promise to create more jobs

Bio Medical Engineering

Taylor Pemberton

Donald Trump’s


Input: But Republican Grant Koby disagrees

Republican

Grant Koby


Input: Up until Friday night, he was ready to pull the lever for Trump

Trump


Input: “I’ve traveled to the Netherlands

Netherlands

I’ve

traveled

Netherlands


Input: He said he will consider changing his vote to Clinton

Clinton


Input: The university campus is a quick drive from downtown St. Louis, Missouri, which lies along the Mississippi River and is often known as the “Gateway to the West.

campus

St. Louis

Missouri

Mississippi River

university


Input: The middle of the city features an iconic 192-meter stainless steel arch that commemorates early settlements to the west

city


Input: Erica and Jahnte Bates from Chicago were visiting the arch with their three-year-old son Noah

Chicago

Erica

Jahnte Bates

son

Noah


Input: He is a registered independent who said he will vote for the Libertarian Gary Johnson or the Green Party candidate Jill Stein

Green Party

the Libertarian Gary Johnson

candidate

Jill Stein


Input: I’ve been to South Africa

South Africa

I’ve

been

South Africa


Input: “I strongly disagree with Hillary Clinton.She’s not fit to be president

president


Input: A local company, Bethlehem Steel, provided the cables for an elevator that takes tourists to the top

company

Bethlehem Steel


Input: Daryl Schaetty spliced those cables together and was one of the first to ride the elevator on a test run

Daryl Schaetty


Input: I’ve traveled to Israel,” says the college senior

Israel

college

I’ve

traveled

I’ve

Israel


Input: The statement he makes and he’s going to run your country

country


Input: Schaetty said he will not cast a vote in this election

Schaetty


Input: Jack Tran from Los Angeles never supported either candidate

Los Angeles

Jack Tran

candidate


Input: He finds it strange that Donald Trump is still in the race given his background; “it’s kind of weird he is still standing.

Donald Trump


Input: Tran said the lack of a good candidate reveals a hole in the American political system that allows corruption and backdoor deals to flourish

American

candidate


Input: She laughs at all the fuss and says she won’t hold it against Trump

Trump


Input: “I’ve been all over the whole world my whole life and I don’t think anything will compare to this event.

world


Input: “ A guy will be a guy.I look at guys, he looks at girls

guy


Input: Tourists Sean and Serena Witzke say everyone has had past indiscretions in life

Sean

Serena Witzke


Input: The state of Missouri voted Republican in the last four presidential elections

state

Missouri

Republican


Input: The most recent polls conducted late last month indicate that could happen a fifth time, with Trump in the lead by 10 percentage points

Trump


Input: This year’s will make history because it will be the first time the Commission on Presidential Debates has included two debate moderators

Commission on Presidential Debates


Input: “ This particular debate will, for the first time, blend questions from citizens with questions the moderators will get from social media,” said CPD Executive Director Janet Brown

CPD

Janet Brown


Input: Aid Groups Fear Battle for Mosul Will Be Disaster for Civilians-More than 62,000 civilians are believed to have fled Mosul in recent weeks as Iraqi forces prepare for a final assault to retake the city from the Islamic State terror group

Mosul

Iraqi

city

Islamic State

group

forces


Input: According to United Nations estimates, as many as 1.5 million people are living in Mosul, and officials expect as many as 200,000 to flee as soon as the battle for the city begins in earnest

Mosul

city

United Nations

officials

battle

city

flee

Mosul


Input: U.N. officials say six displacement camps have been built so far, capable of housing a total of about 50,000 people

camps

U.N.

officials


Input: And while there are plans to ready 11 more, humanitarian organizations are quick to point out they have received only about half of the $280 million they requested in July to meet the needs of the expected flood of civilians

organizations

civilians


Input: And in a worst-case scenario, in which as many as 1 million people flee Mosul, a top U.N. official warns the costs would skyrocket to perhaps as much as $1 billion

Mosul

U.N.

people

flee

Mosul


Input: This U.N. map shows expected paths of escape from Mosul-Some groups say Iraqi officials are telling them the lack of preparedness for displaced civilians is one of the reasons they now want to close off all escape routes from Mosul

Mosul

Iraqi

Mosul

U.N.

groups

officials

escape

Mosul


Input: Despite talk by U.S. and Iraqi officials about setting up safe routes and government-controlled screening centers to handle the flow of fleeing civilians, aid groups say they are seeing few indications Iraq is serious about making adequate preparations

centers

U.S.

Iraqi

Iraq

groups

officials


Input: “They’re saying this is a way to minimize civilian casualties, minimize demolition of buildings, destruction of the city and therefore it doesn’t really matter in a situation like that, that camps aren’t ready, that screening centers haven’t been established yet,” said Wille, of the Human Rights Watch

buildings

city

Human Rights Watch

Wille


Input: “I think it’s unrealistic to think that civilians in Mosul who have been living under ISIS now for two years, some number won’t take the opportunity to flee,” she said, using an acronym for Islamic State

Mosul

ISIS

Islamic State


Input: FILE - A convoy of Iraqi security forces advances on the outskirts of Mosul, Oct. 12, 2016, to fight against Islamic State militants

Iraqi

Mosul

outskirts

Islamic State

forces

militants

convoy


Input: The coalition’s director of partner force development, Canadian Armed Forces Brigadier General D.J. Anderson, told reporters earlier this month that he has “every confidence that the Iraqis are developing a solid plan.

Canadian

Iraqis

director

Anderson

reporters


Input: Operation Inherent Resolve spokesman Col. John Dorrian told Pentagon reporters Wednesday the Iraqi government is directing 20 camps for displaced civilians and working with humanitarian groups to pre-position resources

Iraqi

Resolve

Pentagon

government

groups

John Dorrian

reporters


Input: “The government of Iraq is working with the U.N. and nongovernment organizations to plan for the internally displaced persons that may flee the fighting in Mosul,” he said

Iraq

Mosul

government

U.N.

organizations

fighting

Mosul


Input: “Coalition planners are attending those meetings and assisting the ISF [Iraqi Security Forces] with their planning efforts.

Iraqi

ISF


Input: Other top U.S. officials have emphasized a desire to keep the plans for how to handle the civilians fleeing Mosul as quiet as possible, as long as possible

U.S.

Mosul

officials

civilians

fleeing

Mosul


Input: Instead, they say Iraqi military planners seem intent on locking down Mosul in an effort to make sure no one — IS fighter or innocent civilian — is able to leave

Iraqi

Mosul

military

IS

planners

civilian


Input: U.S. Special Presidential Envoy Brett McGurk asked recently

U.S.

Brett McGurk


Input: U.S. officials also suggest having civilians stay in place, also known as white flagging, during the battle for Mosul could minimize their exposure to danger

U.S.

Mosul

officials


Input: “We have seen ISIL use human shields during its retreats from cities such as Fallujah, Ramadi and Manbij,” a U.S. intelligence official told VOA, using another acronym for IS

Fallujah

Ramadi

Manbij

U.S.

ISIL

VOA

IS


Input: “We have no reason to doubt ISIL may use this deplorable tactic again.

ISIL


Input: FILE - Fighters from predominantly Sunni Arab force take part in a training session before the upcoming battle to recapture Mosul in Bashiqa, Oct. 6, 2016

Mosul

Bashiqa


Input: Doubts remain-Aid groups and human rights organizations are not so sure

groups

organizations


Input: “This practice [white flagging] was used in Fallujah,” said Gressmann, of the Norwegian Refugee Council

Fallujah

Norwegian Refugee Council

Gressmann


Input: “Rather than provide safety, it invited ISIS fighters to enter civilian homes for protection or force civilians to move with them from location to location.

homes

ISIS

fighters

civilians

move

fighters

civilians


Input: There are also persistent concerns that by forgoing the use of safety corridors and screening centers run by government-approved forces — with help from aid groups — that Mosul’s Sunni civilians will be exposed to the wrath of Shia-dominated militias

centers

groups

militias

forces

civilians


Input: “What we’re hearing is that the nature of the operation now has fundamentally changed and what the military is speaking about now is an operation in which the local population would be sealed in, so to speak,” Human Rights Watch senior Iraq researcher Belkis Wille told VOA

Iraq

military

Human Rights Watch

VOA

researcher

Belkis Wille


Input: Already, Iraqi officials have made clear that these forces, also known as Popular Mobilization Forces, will be used to reclaim Mosul despite allegations that some of them are directly responsible for the death, torture and disappearances of hundreds of Sunni men and boys from Fallujah

Iraqi

Mosul

Fallujah

Popular Mobilization Forces

officials

forces

men

boys


Input: U.S. officials have tried to downplay such concerns, emphasizing that any forces coming into contact with civilians will be under the control of the Iraqi government

U.S.

Iraqi

government

officials

forces

civilians


Input: “I don’t know where that confidence is coming from,” Amnesty International’s Donatella Rovera told VOA

VOA

Donatella Rovera


Input: “There is obviously no disincentive for those among the forces and the militias who are likely to participate in the Mosul operation to behave any differently than they have done up till now.

Mosul

militias

forces


Input: FILE - An Islamic State fighter hoists the terrorist group's flag and a weapon in the Iraqi city of Mosul, June 23, 2014

Iraqi

city

Mosul

Islamic State

weapon


Input: “They’re calling on civilians in Mosul to put white flags on their doors and simply to stay there,” she said

Mosul


Input: The Norwegian Refugee Council (NRC), which has been helping tend to almost 38,000 Iraqis who have fled from Mosul and surrounding areas at the Debaga camp, is likewise alarmed

camp

Mosul

Debaga

Norwegian Refugee Council

NRC


Input: “There are no identified safe routes in place to allow people to escape,” said Wolfgang Gressmann, NRC country director

country

NRC

Wolfgang Gressmann

director


Input: FILE - Workers prepare a tent camp in Khazer west of the Kurdish regional capital Erbil, Iraq, Oct. 11, 2016, for people expected to flee Mosul when the battles for Mosul begins

tent

camp

Khazer

capital

Erbil

Iraq

Mosul

Mosul

Kurdish

people

battles

Mosul

flee

Mosul


Input: Americans Advancing on Mosul with Iraqis and Kurds-PENTAGON — -More than 100 American troops are accompanying Iraqi and Kurdish peshmerga forces in their push to take back the city of Mosul from Islamic State forces

Mosul

American

Iraqi

city

Mosul

Kurdish

Islamic State

troops


Input: Pentagon spokesman Navy Capt. Jeff Davis told reporters Tuesday the Americans are assisting about 10,000 Kurds, 18,000 Iraqi Security Forces and another couple thousand Iraqi police as they face an Islamic State force that has been hunkered down in the second-largest Iraqi city for more than two years

Americans

Iraqi

Iraqi

Iraqi

city

Pentagon

Navy

police

Islamic State force

Jeff Davis

reporters


Input: Much of the west is still controlled by Islamic State, prompting U.S. officials to suggest that the IS leadership may look to flee west to Raqqah should Mosul start to fall

U.S.

Raqqah

Mosul

Islamic State

IS

officials

leadership

flee

Raqqah


Input: These officials say they have so far seen some IS family members flee west, but they have not seen foreign fighters coming in or out of the city recently

city

west

IS

officials

members

fighters

flee

members


Input: The long-awaited offensive, backed by airstrikes from a U.S.-led coalition and involving Sunni tribal forces and Shiite militias, remains on the outskirts of Mosul

coalition

Mosul

outskirts

militias

forces

airstrikes

militias

outskirts


Input: Peshmerga forces advance in the east of Mosul to attack Islamic State militants in Mosul, Iraq, Oct. 18, 2016

Mosul

Mosul

Iraq

Islamic State

forces


Input: IS fighters have burned tires and oil to obscure their movements, but officials say the tactic hasn't degraded air support by the coalition, which carried out four strikes against IS forces in and around Mosul on Monday

Mosul

IS

coalition

IS

fighters

officials

forces

strikes

forces

Mosul


Input: President Barack Obama, speaking Tuesday in Washington, said Mosul will be a "difficult fight," but he expressed confidence that IS will be defeated in the city

Washington

Mosul

city

IS

Barack Obama


Input: "Perhaps a million civilians are still living there, so in addition to rooting out ISIL, our focus jointly is on the safety and humanitarian aid for civilians who are escaping the fight

ISIL

civilians

civilians


Input: That's going to be a top priority for both our governments," he added, using an acronym for Islamic State

governments

Islamic State


Input: East of Mosul, the Kurdish peshmerga forces advanced quickly, with U.S. officials saying Tuesday that the Kurds had seen less resistance than anticipated

Mosul

U.S.

Kurdish

officials

Kurds


Input: Iraqi armed forces to the city's south have been making slower progress because they have more ground to cover, having begun their operations 40 kilometers from the edge of Mosul

Iraqi

Mosul

forces


Input: Estimates of IS fighters in Mosul range from about 3,000 to 5,000 fighters, but U.S. officials say Mosul is home to greater skilled IS fighters who are more dedicated to the fight and more ideologically zealous

Mosul

U.S.

Mosul

IS

IS

fighters

fighters

officials

fighters


Input: On the first day of the offensive, Iraqi regulars along with Shiite militiamen overran three villages

Iraqi

militiamen


Input: Their target Tuesday is the village of Zawiya

village

Zawiya


Input: Iraqi officials say there will be no sustained airstrikes on the city center to avoid high casualties among the more than 1 million civilians still in the city

center

Iraqi

city

city

officials


Input: This is the largest and most complex military operation in Iraq since U.S. combat forces left the country five years ago

complex

Iraq

U.S.

country

military

forces


Input: It will involve Iraqi-led troops, Kurdish peshmerga, Iraqi police, and Sunni and Shiite militias

Iraqi

Kurdish

police

militias

troops


Input: However, it is raising concerns about the safety of hundreds of thousands of civilians in the area, and aid agencies are warning of a likely humanitarian crisis

area


Input: Movement forward by all coalition forces is methodical, with commanders opting for caution as they come under mortar and sniper fire

coalition

forces

commanders

sniper

mortar


Input: Davis said the more than 100 U.S. forces are embedded with Iraqi Security Forces at the division headquarters level

headquarters

U.S.

Iraqi Security Forces

division

Davis

forces


Input: On the southern front, Iraqi troops are moving painstakingly into the village of Abbas, which is larger than most of its neighbors

Iraqi

village

troops

Abbas


Input: Pockets of IS militants have been mounting lightning attacks

IS

militants


Input: Iraqi troops are also fearful of improvised bombs, which have been planted in the main thoroughfares

Iraqi

troops

bombs


Input: Peshmerga forces advance in the east of Mosul to attack Islamic State militants in Mosul, Iraq, Oct. 18, 2016

Mosul

Mosul

Iraq

Islamic State

forces


Input: In the east, there were conflicting reports about why some Kurdish peshmerga appeared to have paused their advance Tuesday

Kurdish


Input: Some Kurdish commanders said they had done so to allow Iraqi forces, who are earmarked to enter the city, to move forward

Iraqi

city

Kurdish

commanders

forces


Input: Spokesman Davis said that pauses would need to occur throughout the fight so that anti-IS forces could conduct clearing operations or wait for logistics

Spokesman Davis

forces


Input: "It would be absolutely crazy to suggest on day two that we're stalled already," Davis said

Davis


Input: Peshmerga commander Bakhtyar Sadeeq told VOA: "There is no halt in our operation

Peshmerga

VOA

commander

Bakhtyar Sadeeq


Input: They also are embedded with Kurdish and Iraqi counterterrorism commandos at levels considered below the division level

Iraqi

Kurdish

division

commandos


Input: The peshmerga forces paused moving forward because we coordinate with the Iraqi military

Iraqi

military

forces


Input: Now the Iraqi army will take it from there

Iraqi army


Input: In fact, Iraqi troops have made significant advances today.

Iraqi

troops


Input: There have been several reports of IS suicide bombers driving cars packed with explosives at their foes

IS

cars

explosives


Input: Soon after the peshmerga offensive began early Monday with Kurdish troops moving over dirt mounds marking the frontline between them and IS fighters on the eastern or Khazir front, IS offered stiff resistance, trying to strike back with mortar fire and car bombs

Kurdish

Khazir

IS

IS

troops

fighters

mortar

bombs

moving

troops

Khazir


Input: Two cars driving at the Peshmerga were destroyed by airstrikes, but another managed to get close to the Kurds before being detonated, according to commanders

Peshmerga

commanders

cars


Input: "This may prove to be a long and tough battle, but the Iraqis have prepared for it and we will stand by them," he said

Iraqis


Input: Smoke rises from Islamic state positions after an airstrike by coalition forces in Mosul, Iraq, Oct. 18, 2016

state

coalition

Mosul

Iraq

forces

airstrike

forces

Mosul


Input: U.S. officials have stressed that embedded American forces will remain with Iraqi and peshmerga counterparts who are involved in coordinating and decision making, rather than at the frontlines of combat

U.S.

American

Iraqi

officials

forces


Input: The peshmerga Chief of General Staff, Jamal Iminiki, also cautioned reporters not to expect a rapid collapse of IS resistance

IS

Jamal Iminiki

reporters


Input: IS militants have had plenty of time to prepare for the fight and have constructed elaborate defenses, including a network of tunnels, in the city

city

IS

network

militants


Input: Pentagon spokesman Peter Cook said Monday that U.S. troops are on the Mosul outskirts in a support role, but that "Iraqis are in the lead.

U.S.

Mosul

outskirts

Pentagon

spokesman

Peter Cook

troops


Input: Monday and Tuesday, Iraqi planes continued to drop leaflets warning civilians in Mosul and outlying villages of the offensive, urging them to stay indoors and to avoid any IS positions, which may prove difficult, with IS fighters throughout the city

Iraqi

Mosul

city

IS

IS

fighters

planes


Input: The United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs called on all participating forces to ensure the safety of civilians in Mosul, and Iraqi commanders say they are taking steps to help civilians escape

Mosul

Iraqi

United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

forces

commanders


Input: Jamie Detmer and Sirwan Kajjo contributed to this report

Jamie Detmer

Sirwan Kajjo


Input: But U.S. Defense Secretary Ash Carter has said U.S. troops are still in harm's way

U.S.

U.S. Defense

Secretary

Ash Carter

troops


Input: Iraqi and Kurdish forces say they have retaken a dozen villages outside Mosul, and Davis said there are four major points from which the offensive is pushing into the city

Iraqi

Mosul

city

Kurdish

forces

Davis


Input: Kurdish peshmerga units are advancing on Kurdish villages from two points east of Mosul, with Iraqi Security Forces following behind

Mosul

Kurdish

Kurdish

units

Iraqi Security Forces


Input: ISF forces are advancing from the north from the Qayarrah West base, and another ISF team is pushing into Mosul from the southeast

base

Mosul

north

Qayarrah West

ISF

ISF

team

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Input: US General Urges Iraqis Not to 'Rush' Mosul Fight-PENTAGON/WASHINGTON — -The general running the coalition's ground campaign in Iraq is urging Iraqi forces fighting for Mosul not to "go so fast that they start to give opportunity to the enemy.

US

Iraq

Iraqi

Mosul

Iraqis

forces


Input: "I'm not telling the Iraqis to rush to Mosul

Iraqis

Mosul


Input: Volesky said some of his American forces were intentionally placed in other areas of Iraq to prevent any potential Islamic State efforts to shift the Iraqi government's interest to the country's south

American

Iraq

Iraqi

areas

Islamic State

Volesky

forces


Input: Iraqi Prime Minister Haider al-Abadi seemed to agree with Volesky

Iraqi

Haider al-Abadi


Input: On Thursday he said Iraqi forces are "advancing faster than expected" in the fight to retake Mosul

Iraqi

Mosul

forces


Input: "The forces are pushing towards the town more quickly than we thought and more quickly than we had programmed in our campaign plan," Abadi said during a conference call with senior officials in Paris

town

Paris

forces

Abadi

officials


Input: Smoke rises as people flee their homes during clashes between Iraqi security forces and members of the Islamic State group fleeing Mosul, Iraq, Oct. 18, 2016

homes

Iraqi

Mosul

Iraq

Islamic State

group

people

flee

homes


Input: Refugee crisis-Meanwhile, the international charity Save the Children said thousands of people had fled the Mosul area in order to escape the unfolding offensive by Iraqi and Kurdish forces to retake the city from IS

Mosul

Iraqi

city

area

Kurdish

Save the Children

IS

people

forces

fled

people

Mosul


Input: The aid group said about 5,000 people had arrived in the past 10 days at a refugee camp over the border in Syria, which risks being overwhelmed as more people flee

camp

Syria

border

group


Input: "These families arrive with nothing but the clothes on their backs and find almost nothing to help them," said Tarik Kadir, who heads the charity's Mosul response

Mosul

families

Tarik Kadir


Input: Alarm is rising about the prospects for civilians caught in the middle of the battle to retake the Islamic State's last major urban stronghold in Iraq

Iraq

civilians


Input: The United Nations and the government have support materials for up to 400,000 displaced in the fight for Mosul

Mosul

The United Nations

government


Input: At least 1 million civilians are estimated to be in the city

city


Input: Meanwhile, Babatunde Osotimehin, executive director of the U.N. Population Fund, said he was deeply concerned about the rapidly escalating humanitarian crisis in Mosul, and the heightened threat to the health and lives of pregnant women who may be cut off from lifesaving emergency obstetric care

Mosul

U.N. Population Fund

Babatunde Osotimehin

director

women


Input: Osotimehin said that among the 200,000 people likely to be displaced during the initial weeks of military operations in Mosul, an estimated 46,000 are women and girls of reproductive age; about 8,000 are pregnant, and some are about to give birth

Mosul

military

women

girls


Input: U.S.-led coalition and Iraqi warplanes have been avoiding launching airstrikes in residential areas in a bid to reduce civilian casualties

coalition

Iraqi

areas

warplanes


Input: "There have been two public executions in my neighborhood since Sunday," said Salim, a shopkeeper and father of two

neighborhood

Salim

father


Input: The militants don't mass in large numbers; they move around in small groups, mainly on motorbikes

groups

militants


Input: The jihadists also are continuing with preparations to defend the city center, blocking roads with mounds of dirt and erecting makeshift barriers

center

city


Input: IS fighters bombed two buildings inside Mosul, Kurdish officials reported

buildings

Mosul

Kurdish

IS

fighters

officials

bombed

fighters

buildings

Mosul


Input: Tuesday, the terror group's propagandists posted online two videos — one seeking to depict a city unaffected by war, using old footage of locals shopping in bustling streets, and another showing armed jihadists patrolling streets and a masked militant threatening America

streets

streets

city

America


Input: "As for you, America, we promise you ... America will be defeated in Iraq and will leave, God willing, again, humiliated, wretched, dragging its tail in defeat," the video posted late Tuesday by the IS-linked Amaq news agency said

America

America

Iraq

Amaq

agency


Input: The general said he expected Islamic State fighters to fight with a "full-fledged conventional defense in Mosul" until they lose the city

Mosul

city

Islamic State

fighters


Input: Iraqi army soldiers man a checkpoint as oil wells burn on the outskirts of Qayyarah, Iraq, Oct. 19, 2016

Iraqi

Qayyarah

Iraq

outskirts

army

soldiers

man


Input: The going has been quicker than Iraqi and U.S. commanders claimed they expected, and morale on the ground reportedly was remaining high

Iraqi

U.S.

commanders


Input: Even so, officials sought to tamp down expectations of a speedy defeat of the terror group as Iraqi and Kurdish forces contend with roadside bombs, snipers, suicide bombers, and hit-and-run attacks by the extremists

Iraqi

Kurdish

group

officials

forces

snipers

bombs


Input: But U.S. Defense Secretary Ash Carter has said U.S. troops are still in harm's way

U.S.

U.S. Defense

Secretary

Ash Carter

troops


Input: Estimates of IS fighters in Mosul range from about 3,000 to 5,000

Mosul

IS

fighters


Input: The fighting has remained on the outskirts of Mosul

Mosul

outskirts


Input: The Kurdish peshmerga have been slowing or pausing their advance to allow units of the Iraqi security forces to leapfrog ahead of them

Iraqi

Kurdish


Input: Iraqi officials say only ISF forces will enter the mainly Sunni Muslim city, but some Shi'ite popular mobilization force (PMF) members insist they, too, will enter the city center

center

Iraqi

city

city

ISF

officials

forces


Input: After that, he said, IS will turn into more of an insurgent force, using unconventional methods to make harassing attacks on Iraqis forces and civilians

IS

forces

civilians

attacks

IS

civilians


Input: Volesky stressed Wednesday that the U.S.-led coalition was not supporting the Shi'ite PMF

coalition

Volesky


Input: VOA U.N. Correspondent Margaret Besheer contributed to this report

VOA

U.N.

Margaret Besheer


Input: "We are telling Daesh that their leaders are abandoning them

Daesh


Input: We've seen a movement out of Mosul," Volesky said

Mosul

Volesky


Input: The U.S. has provided intelligence, logistics support, thousands of airstrikes, artillery fire and Apache helicopters to support the fight for Mosul

U.S.

Mosul

helicopters

artillery


Input: Kremlin Expanding Cyber Efforts in ‘Information War’-MOSCOW — -In Russia’s so-called "information war" with the West, the pro-Kremlin youth group SET (Network) is a foot soldier fighting primarily on the internet

MOSCOW

soldier


Input: At their roomy headquarters in an upscale office compound in Moscow, the group designs online videos criticizing the West and praising President Vladimir Putin - videos they hope will go viral

headquarters

office

compound

Moscow

group

Vladimir Putin


Input: It represents the “little green men” who took over Ukrainian military bases in Crimea

bases

Ukrainian

Crimea

military

men


Input: Putin fervently denied they were invading Russian troops only to admit some months later that Russian servicemen were there to back up local “self-defense forces.

Russian

Russian

Putin

troops

servicemen

forces


Input: A mannequin soldier holding a rifle and representing the "little green men" whom Russia dispatched to help annex Ukraine's Crimea overlooks the office of pro-Kremlin youth group SET (Network)

Russia

Ukraine's Crimea

soldier

men

rifle


Input: Among other items, it includes a baseball bat with a dog tag, to show military strength, and a roulette wheel with various American global brand names

American

military


Input: “We believe this is an important part of our job to convey, including to a foreign audience, our position regarding what is going on in Syria, what is going on in Ukraine - about Putin,” Vikhlyantsev says

Syria

Ukraine

Putin


Input: Similar operations all over Russia-Russian reporter Ludmila Savchuk says she worked undercover in a Russian ‘troll factory’ in St. Petersburg, where staff were paid to post attacks online against Russian opposition leaders and the West, as well as to praise Putin

Russia

Russian

Russian

St. Petersburg

Russian

West

troll factory

Ludmila Savchuk

staff

Putin

paid


Input: “This was certainly not the only ‘troll factory.

factory


Input: Other journalists who were conducting research saw similar activities in different parts of our country.

country

journalists


Input: Savchuk says it was clear that their orders were coming from the Kremlin and estimates there are perhaps a hundred or more such operations throughout Russia

Russia

Kremlin


Input: Some, like a projection of tanks on the facade of the U.S. White House, are not so subtle

U.S.

White House

tanks


Input: Since Russia annexed Crimea in 2014, sparking confrontation with the West, the Kremlin has expanded its cyber efforts from its use of informal actors posting online, like SET, to more aggressive tactics, Andrei Soldatov, co-author of The Red Web: The Struggle Between Russia’s Digital Dictators and the New Online Revolutionaries, told VOA via Skype

Russia

Crimea

West

Kremlin

SET

VOA

Skype

Andrei Soldatov


Input: It looks like the idea is the same: to use informal actors, all kinds of informal actors, with state backing, to launch these kind of attacks.

state


Input: Earlier this month, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and Office of the Director of National Intelligence said in a joint statement that the U.S. intelligence community “is confident that the Russian Government directed the recent compromises of e-mails from U.S. persons and institutions, including from U.S. political organizations.

U.S.

Russian

U.S.

U.S.

U.S. Department of Homeland Security

Office of the Director of National Intelligence

Government

organizations


Input: A poster depicting Russian President Vladimir Putin and genetic links in the colors of the Russian and Ukrainian flags is seen at the office of pro-Kremlin youth group SET (Network)

office

Russian

Russian

Ukrainian

group

President

Vladimir Putin


Input: His Google e-mail account was apparently hacked earlier this year after he clicked on a phishing link

Google


Input: The New York Times reported last week that “private security researchers” have concluded that Russian intelligence hacked Podesta’s Gmail account

Russian

New York Times


Input: “We actively work with social networks, we have our own YouTube channel and we produce political, social and historic video and this video is watched by hundreds of thousands, sometimes millions of people,” says SET press secretary Makar Vikhlyantsev

YouTube

SET

secretary

Makar Vikhlyantsev


Input: Continued denials-The Kremlin denies any link to trolls or to the recent hacking attacks against political and election organizations in the United States and has condemned U.S. threats to retaliate

United States

U.S.

Kremlin

organizations


Input: Cybersecurity experts say attribution of malware, software designed to disrupt or damage, is a challenge

experts


Input: “Sometimes you see in the code in the malware that probably this code would be written by [an] English-speaking person or this exact code of the operation could be created by the Russian-speaking person, or Chinese-speaking person,” says senior security researcher at Kaspersky Lab Sergey Lozhkin

person

person

person

researcher


Input: “But, there [is] no, never such a point that 100 percent that this was made by Russians or Chinese or [the] United States.

United States


Input: But while the choice of target can indicate motive, it is not the only indication of a state actor

state

actor


Input: “We see that it is not possible, for example, for one person, a simple hacker, to create such attacks,” says Lozhkin

person

Lozhkin


Input: “And, probably, if you see the level of sophistication, probably the government is responsible [for] creating such malware attacks.

government


Input: Unlike her opponent, Republican candidate Donald Trump, she is seen as someone who would continue a tough policy against Russia, says Soldatov

Russia

Republican

Donald Trump


Input: An activist is seen talking on her phone at the office of pro-Kremlin youth group SET (Network)

office

activist


Input: To her left is a portrait of Russian President Vladimir Putin

Russian

Vladimir Putin


Input: And, now it is more about how to make, how to project Russia into the center of the events and to make Russia a real superpower because, only a superpower might intervene in the elections in one of the, actually the most powerful country in the world.

center

Russia

Russia

superpower

country

world


Input: Lozhkin, a former federal cybercrime investigator, says the number of state-sponsored hacking attacks is doubling each year as technology shifts state efforts from people-to-people to malware-against-malware

state

Lozhkin

investigator


Input: Nonetheless, Soldatov says, at some level, the Kremlin is still winning

Kremlin

Soldatov


Input: “The main difference in position between Russia and the United States is that the Russians having always insisted on talking in terms of information war, information security; and, the Americans have insisted talking only in terms of cybersecurity

Russia

United States

Americans


Input: Meaning that the Americans were ready to talk only about computers and cables and the Russians wanted to talk about content

Americans


Input: And it now seems after the annexation of Crimea, after trolls, after RT (Russian government-funded news network) and all this propaganda, everybody including Americans accepted the Russian terminology

Russian

Russian

Crimea

RT

network


Input: Allegations of Russian government-sponsored hacking have become a major issue in the U.S. presidential election campaign, with American officials accusing Moscow of trying meddle in the vote

Russian

U.S.

American

Moscow

officials


Input: SET refuses to say if their activities are state-sponsored

SET


Input: But there is no doubt that supporters of President Vladimir Putin are behind them

Vladimir Putin


Input: Putin’s image is featured on practically every wall at SET while young artists put the president’s face on canvas, designer clothes, and even jewelry

designer


Input: A mannequin soldier holding a rifle overlooks the office

soldier

rifle


Input: Japan-Philippines Deals Signal Shift to Multi-country Foreign Policy-TAIPEI — -Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte’s visit to Japan swings his country a degree back toward the United States despite a strain in relations and it may signal growth of a multilateral foreign policy aimed at maximizing development aid

TAIPEI

Philippine

Japan

country

United States

Rodrigo Duterte’s

visit

Rodrigo Duterte’s

Japan


Input: The outspoken yet cryptic president’s three-day trip last week cemented a relationship between two democratic Asia Pacific allies

allies

Asia Pacific


Input: Duterte’s two visits followed a string of harshly worded demands that the United States stop helping his country militarily and economically

United States

country


Input: The United States is the Southeast Asian archipelago’s former colonizer of nearly five decades and its chief benefactor since World War II, when Japanese troops invaded parts of the country and left between 500,000 and 1 million dead

United States

Japanese

country

Southeast Asian

troops

500,000 and 1 million

invaded

troops

country

dead

troops


Input: US relations -Analysts say the president may be using the Japan trip to craft a foreign policy that includes the United States, just with less dependence than in the past

US

Japan

United States

president


Input: Washington is still helping the Philippines resist Muslim separatist rebels and conduct naval patrols that would spot any Chinese vessels in an exclusive economic zone off the archipelago’s west coasts

Washington

Philippines

Chinese

vessels


Input: The United States and the Philippines signed a Mutual Defense Treaty in 1951, obligating each side to support the other if attacked by a third party

United States

Philippines

party


Input: FILE - Philippine Navy Rear Admiral Leopoldo Alano (R) shares a light moment with U.S. Navy Rear Admiral William Merz during the opening ceremony of the Cooperation Afloat Readiness and Training (CARAT) 2015 at navy headquarters in Puerto Princesa city

headquarters

Puerto Princesa city

Philippine Navy

U.S. Navy

Leopoldo Alano

William Merz

ceremony

Leopoldo Alano

headquarters


Input: “What [Duterte] says may be very different than actual policy,” said Christian de Guzman, vice president and senior analyst with Moody’s Investors Service in Singapore

Singapore

Moody’s Investors Service

Christian de Guzman

president

analyst


Input: Duterte’s predecessor, Benigno Aquino, filed for arbitration with a world court to stop Chinese vessels from passing within his country’s 370-km (200 nautical-mile) exclusive ocean economic zone in the South China Sea

Chinese

South China Sea

court

Benigno Aquino

vessels


Input: The maritime dispute fanned widespread public discontent with China

China


Input: It also generated $19 billion in investment and loan pledges from Tokyo as well as prospects for joint military exercises

Tokyo

military


Input: FILE - U.S. Navy amphibious assault vehicles with Philippine and U.S. troops on board are seen during joint exercises near a beach facing one of the contested islands in the South China Sea known as the Scarborough Shoal in the West Philippine Sea

Philippine

U.S.

beach

South China Sea

Scarborough Shoal

West Philippine Sea

U.S. Navy

troops

vehicles


Input: Polls show that Philippine citizens largely favor U.S. aid compared to help from China, a Communist country with poor relations in recent years because of the maritime dispute

Philippine

U.S.

China

country

Communist


Input: Generous donor -Japan contributes heavily to the Manila-based Asian Development Bank, which has lent the Philippines an average $745 million per year since 2006 for poverty reduction

Japan

Philippines

Asian Development Bank

$745 million

contributes

Japan

Asian Development Bank

lent

Japan

Philippines


Input: The separately run, government-funded Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) gave the Philippines $272 million in 2006 alone

Philippines

Japan International Cooperation Agency

JICA

$272 million

gave

JICA

Philippines


Input: “In the case of Japan, those longstanding commercial and government ties are just being further cemented,” de Guzman said

Japan

government

de Guzman


Input: In July, the Japanese prime minister offered the Philippines a loan for 10 coast guard patrol ships

Japanese

Philippines

prime minister

ships

loan

prime minister

Philippines


Input: Japan has given military and development aid elsewhere in Southeast Asia to counter China’s influence

Japan

Southeast Asia

military


Input: Japanese conglomerate Marubeni Corp. will make up $17.2 billion of the Japanese help pledged last week, according to Philippine media reports

Japanese

Japanese

Philippine

conglomerate

Marubeni Corp.


Input: That amount would cover highways, electrical power and mass transit projects

highways


Input: Disaster relief-Aid to date is felt in spots such as the southern Philippine city Cagayan de Oro, where the cooperation agency is helping fund a flood control project, local newspaper columnist Antonio Montalvan said

Philippine

city

Cagayan de Oro

agency

newspaper

columnist

Antonio Montalvan


Input: Duterte, in office since June 30, made the visit less than a week after meeting Chinese officials, who offered economic help worth about $24 billion

Chinese

Duterte

officials

meeting

officials


Input: Flood control became a priority after tropical storm Washi hit the city in 2011 and caused 1,250 deaths

city


Input: FILE - Residents wait for a truck to transport them into an evacuation center as local officials ordered enforced evacuation ahead of Typhoon Bopha in Cagayan de Oro City, southern Philippines, December 3, 2012

evacuation center

Cagayan de Oro City

Philippines

Residents

officials

truck

transport

truck


Input: “Parts of the city were inundated by floodwaters from the river, and it’s JICA, they’re constructing a flood control system now and people see that,” Montalvan said

city

river

JICA


Input: “So I would think there’s no problem with the Japan aspect of Duterte.

Japan


Input: Duterte may prefer Japan over the United States because, unlike Washington, Tokyo does not criticize the Philippine government’s suspected extrajudicial killings in the crackdown on drugs, analysts say

Japan

United States

Washington

Tokyo

Philippine

Duterte


Input: In turn, the Philippine visitor avoided playing up World War II to his Japanese hosts

Philippine

Japanese


Input: “He got $19 billion worth of aid, and soft loans and potential investments despite the fact that Japan invaded the Philippines and there were a lot of deaths during the World War II,” Araral said

Japan

Philippines

invaded

Japan

Philippines


Input: “But Duterte kept his mouth shut because he knows that Japan is a huge donor of the Philippines.

Japan

Philippines

Duterte


Input: “It’s a three-way courtship, China, Japan and the U.S., and Duterte knows all of this at this time,” said Eduardo Araral, an associate professor at the National University of Singapore’s public policy school

China

Japan

U.S.

National University of Singapore’s

school

Duterte

Eduardo Araral

professor


Input: China has separate maritime sovereignty disputes with Manila and Tokyo

China

Manila

Tokyo


Input: It accuses the United States of trying to contain its expansion

United States


Input: Trump, Clinton Try to Grab Attention of Undecided Voters in Key States-Two days ahead of the U.S. presidential election, Republican Donald Trump and Democrat Hillary Clinton were campaigning Sunday in key election states, a last-minute bid by both candidates to grab the attention of undecided voters and find a path to victory

U.S.

Grab

Republican

Democrat

Trump

Clinton

Donald Trump

Hillary Clinton

candidates

voters


Input: National surveys continue to show Clinton, a former U.S. secretary of state, with a narrow edge over Trump, a blunt-spoken real estate mogul making his first run for elected office

U.S.

state

Clinton

secretary

Trump


Input: On Sunday, however, Trump was set for rallies in five other states and Clinton in three

states

Trump

Clinton


Input: Her surrogate, President Barack Obama, made another stop in Florida, a state with 29 electoral votes that Trump concedes he needs to capture to have a chance to claim the presidency

Florida

state

Barack Obama

Trump


Input: Obama has made 13 campaign appearances for Clinton, exhorting voters to uphold his presidential policies on numerous fronts, most of which Clinton has vowed to continue

Obama

Clinton

voters

Clinton


Input: Trump says he quickly plans to undermine them if he wins

Trump


Input: President Barack Obama waves to supporters at Florida International University in Miami, Nov. 3, 2016, during a campaign rally for Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton

Miami

Florida International University

Democratic

Barack Obama

candidate

Hillary Clinton


Input: Clinton told worshippers at an African-American church in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, "This election is about doing everything we can to stop the movement to destroy President Obama's legacy

Philadelphia

Pennsylvania

church

Clinton

worshippers

Obama's


Input: Democratic presidential nominee Hillary Clinton attends Sunday services at Mt. Airy Church of God and Christ, Nov. 6, 2016, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Philadelphia

Pennsylvania

Democratic

Hillary Clinton


Input: Trump started his day in the farm state of Iowa, where he has held a small but consistent lead, and then headed to three states that have long voted for Democratic presidential contenders, Minnesota, Michigan and Pennsylvania, in hopes of turning them away from Clinton

state

Iowa

states

Minnesota

Michigan

Pennsylvania

Democratic

Trump

Clinton

headed

Iowa


Input: Most polling analysts are predicting a Clinton victory on Tuesday, but her advantage over Trump is not insurmountable

Clinton

Trump


Input: He was ending the day with a stop in Virginia, a state that once routinely voted for Republican White House aspirants but twice went for Obama, a Democrat, in 2008 and 2012

Virginia

state

Republican White House

Democrat

Obama


Input: In Iowa, Trump predicted that Clinton would be indicted for her handling of classified material on her private, unsecured email server while she was the country's top diplomat from 2009 to 2013

Iowa

Trump

Clinton

diplomat


Input: “We need a government that can go to work on day one for the American people,” Trump declared

American

government

Trump


Input: “That will be impossible with Hillary Clinton, the prime suspect in a far-reaching criminal investigation

Hillary Clinton


Input: Aside from her stop in Pennsylvania, where she is ahead, Clinton is campaigning in states where Trump has forged a lead -- Ohio, a large Midwestern state with a mix of big cities and vast farmlands, and New Hampshire, a small northeastern state dotted with quaint towns

Pennsylvania

Ohio

state

cities

New Hampshire

state

Midwestern

Clinton

Trump


Input: Analysts say Clinton has several paths to reach the 270-electoral vote figure and become the country's 45th president when Obama leaves office in January

Clinton

president

Obama


Input: Collections of recent national polls show Clinton, looking to become the country's first female president, with about a two- or three-percentage-point edge over Trump

Clinton

president

Trump


Input: Trump's chances appear to be narrower; he needs to win battleground states he has been contesting with Clinton and capture some of the 18 states that have voted for Democratic presidential candidates in each of the last six elections

Democratic

Clinton

candidates


Input: Polling shows the Trump-Clinton contests in Michigan and Pennsylvania especially could be close on Election Day, and both candidates are staging last-minute rallies there

Michigan

Pennsylvania

candidates


Input: Clinton, ahead in Michigan throughout the campaign, is making her first stop in the state Monday, while her husband, former President Bill Clinton, visited Sunday and Obama on Monday

Michigan

state

Clinton

husband

Bill Clinton

Obama


Input: Obama and first lady Michelle Obama are joining both Clintons at an election eve rally Monday night in Philadelphia, the country's fifth largest city and a Democratic stronghold

Philadelphia

city

Democratic

Obama

lady

Michelle Obama


Input: Both Clinton and Trump have been painting a dark picture of what the country would look like with the other in the White House

country

White House

Clinton

Trump


Input: “It’s your last chance to end government corruption to take back our country,” Trump told his Iowa supporters

country

Iowa

government

Trump


Input: Supporters of Republican presidential candidate, Donald Trump, cheer as he arrives to speak during a campaign rally, in Denver, Colorado, Nov. 5, 2016

Denver

Colorado

Republican

candidate

Donald Trump

rally

Donald Trump

Denver


Input: Trump was referring to the email controversy that has dogged Clinton throughout her presidential run

Trump

Clinton


Input: The Federal Bureau of Investigation recently announced the agency had discovered thousands of emails from Clinton's time as secretary of state on the computer of Anthony Weiner, the estranged husband of top Clinton aide Huma Abedin

state

The Federal Bureau of Investigation

agency

secretary

Anthony Weiner

husband

Clinton

Huma Abedin


Input: The FBI said that as a result it has revived its probe of Clinton's emails, after deciding in July that she was "extremely careless" in her handling of national security material in the emails but that no criminal charges were warranted

FBI


Input: The latest major tracking poll by The Washington Post and ABC News pegged her lead at 48-43 percent

Washington Post

ABC News


Input: In Florida on Saturday, Clinton told supporters, "I don’t think I need to tell you all of the wrong things about Donald Trump

Florida

Clinton

Donald Trump


Input: But here’s what I want you to remember: I want to be the president for everybody

president


Input: From left, Sen. Cory Booker, D-N.J.; former U.S. Secretary of State Madeleine Albright; actress Debra Messing; Sen. Bob Casey, Jr., D-Pa.; musician Katy Perry; Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton; candidate for U.S. Senate Katie McGinty; candidate for U.S House of Representative; Dwight Evans, Rep. Bob Brady, D-Pa., and television producer Shonda Rhimes appear on stage during a Get Out the Vote concert at the Mann Center for the Performing Arts in Philadelphia, Saturday, Nov. 5, 2016

U.S.

Philadelphia

Mann Center

Performing Arts

State

Democratic

U.S House of Representative

Cory Booker

Secretary

Madeleine Albright

actress

Debra Messing

Bob Casey

Katy Perry

candidate

Hillary Clinton

candidate

U.S. Senate

Katie McGinty

candidate

Dwight Evans

Bob Brady

Shonda Rhimes


Input: U.S. presidential elections, however, are not decided by the national popular vote but rather in the Electoral College, where the results are tallied in each of the 50 states and the national capital, Washington

U.S.

capital

Washington

Electoral College


Input: The biggest states have the most electors in the Electoral College

states

Electoral College


Input: Both Clinton and Trump need a majority of at least 270 of the 538 electors to win

Clinton

Trump


Input: Both Clinton and Trump have been heavily campaigning in numerous states where the outcome is most in doubt, especially two Atlantic coastal states, Florida and North Carolina

states

Florida

North Carolina

Atlantic

Clinton

Trump


Input: In Middle East, Head-Scratching, Alarm After Trump Win -IRBIL, IRAQ — -Donald Trump's victory in the U.S. election has prompted a scramble by foreign leaders and analysts to understand what his presidency might mean for their countries

IRAQ

U.S.

Middle East

Trump Win

Donald Trump's


Input: And no more so than in the Mideast, which reacted angrily when he first proposed last year to impose a temporary ban on Muslims entering the United States and declared “Islam hates us.

United States

Mideast

Muslims

entering

United States


Input: Some regional Arab politicians have found encouragement from a promise he made in February to be “sort of a neutral guy” on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, a remark that alarmed Israel and many American Jews

Israel

American

Arab

guy


Input: An Israeli man holds a sign of U.S. presidential candidate Republican Donald Trump as he watches a live update with friends of the U.S. presidential election results at Mike's place bar in Jerusalem, Wednesday Nov. 9, 2016

Israeli

U.S.

U.S.

Jerusalem

Republican

man

candidate

Donald Trump

friends

holds

man

Jerusalem


Input: But in March he said that as president he would move the U.S. Embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, something that would delight Israeli leader Benjamin Netanyahu

Tel Aviv

Jerusalem

Israeli

U.S. Embassy

president

Benjamin Netanyahu


Input: More recently top Trump aides told The Times of Israel he doesn't see a two-state solution as a priority and he would pursue warmer relations with Tel Aviv, following eight difficult years in U.S.-Israel relations under President Barack Obama

Israel

Tel Aviv

Trump

Barack Obama


Input: Hillary Clinton was a known figure

Hillary Clinton


Input: She had a known foreign policy team and the people she would have likely appointed to key jobs at the State Department would have come from the “old familiars,” as an adviser to the Saudi royal family put it

Saudi

team

State Department

adviser

family


Input: In Irbil, the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan, politicians say they could get no access to the Trump campaign to try to work out what his thoughts are on Kurdistan independence or how the war against the Islamic State terror group would change

capital

Iraqi Kurdistan

Kurdistan

Islamic State

group

Trump


Input: He didn't have an established foreign-policy team during the campaign and most of the "old familiars" in the Republican foreign-policy establishment shied away or openly opposed him

team

Republican


Input: Iran deal-Trump didn't help answer the questions in the minds of Mideast leaders with his victory speech in which he said he would “deal fairly” with foreign countries and “seek common ground not hostility, partnership not conflict.

Iran

Mideast

Trump


Input: On the campaign trail, Trump reserved some of his sharpest criticism for Tehran and the nuclear deal the West struck with it, describing the agreement as “one of the worst deals ever made by any country in history.

Tehran

country

West

Trump


Input: In reaction to Trump’s win, Iranian foreign minister Mohammad Javad Zarif, who is visiting Romania, said, “The U.S. president must fully understand the realities of today’s world

Iranian

Romania

U.S.

world

Mohammad Javad Zarif

president


Input: Considering that Iran and the U.S. don’t have formal political relations, what’s important is that the future U.S. president complies to the commitments of the multilateral nuclear deal.

Iran

U.S.

U.S.

president


Input: FILE - Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif speaks during a press conference with his Danish counterpart Kristian Jensen after their talks in Tehran, Iran, Monday, Jan. 4, 2016

Iranian

Danish

Tehran

Iran

Mohammad Javad Zarif

Kristian Jensen

speaks

Kristian Jensen


Input: Ankara was among the first to offer congratulations

Ankara


Input: It took the opportunity to press for the extradition of the U.S.-based exiled cleric, Fethullah Gulen, who it accuses of masterminding the failed coup attempt of July 15

cleric

Fethullah Gulen


Input: “What is Trump’s secret, foolproof plan to beat Daesh militants?

Daesh

militants


Input: Syrian rebels who have been battling to oust President Bashar al-Assad for nearly six years, appear among the most anxious about what a Trump presidency might entail

Syrian

Bashar al-Assad

Trump


Input: Trump has said although he didn’t like the Assad regime, he would side with it and its patron Russia in the battle against IS

Russia

regime

IS

Trump

Assad


Input: asked a senior official with close links to Kurdistan Regional Government President Masoud Barzani

Kurdistan Regional Government

Masoud Barzani


Input: “He says the Islamic State’s days would be numbered, but they are anyway, we are making good progress in the campaign to defeat Daesh

Islamic State’s

Daesh


Input: While Trump hasn’t specified what he would do in Iraq, he has spoken frequently about working more closely with the Kurds, and for Irbil those remarks are a source of some comfort

Iraq

Trump


Input: FILE - Kurdish Peshmerga fighters take part during a training session by coalition forces in a training camp in Irbil, north of Iraq, March 9, 2016

camp

coalition

Irbil

Iraq

fighters

forces


Input: Africans React to Trump Victory-NAIROBI — -Feelings about Donald Trump’s U.S. election win are mixed in Africa

NAIROBI

U.S.

Africa

Trump

Donald Trump’s


Input: In Kenya, where President Barack Obama has familial roots, many were hoping Hillary Clinton could carry on his legacy, but were prepared for disappointment

Kenya

Barack Obama

Hillary Clinton


Input: Change in style-Now, Africans have to adjust to the fact that a president with a very different style and priorities from both Obama and Clinton is going to take office

president

Obama

Clinton


Input: More than a few Africans are worried about the policy changes Trump may implement

Trump


Input: “It might slow down immigration, probably from African countries toward the U.S.," said Francis Kouamé in Ivory Coast

countries

U.S.

Ivory Coast

African

Francis Kouamé


Input: Cardboard cutouts of both candidates on display during a breakfast at the home of U.S. ambassador in Nairobi, Kenya

home

U.S.

Nairobi

Kenya

candidates

ambassador


Input: A Congolese newspaper reported the election results as “The Trump Surprise,” while a popular Senegalese website displayed a photo of Trump, with a headline playing on the president-elect’s last name and the French verb se tromper, “to make a mistake.

Congolese

French

newspaper

Trump

Trump


Input: But an administrative worker in Dakar tries to remain optimistic about America’s choice of president

Dakar

president


Input: “I am a little disappointed, because I supported Hillary Clinton, but I see that the people of the United States have chosen their president,” said Moussa Traore

United States

Hillary Clinton

president

Moussa Traore


Input: "Personally, I think it [Trump’s win] was expected because I don't think America was ready for a female president just yet," said Jamila Wafula, a student at Jomo Kenyatta University near Nairobi

America

Nairobi

Jomo Kenyatta University

president

Jamila Wafula

student


Input: President-elect Donald Trump pumps his fist after giving his acceptance speech as his wife Melania Trump, right, and their son Barron Trump follow him during his election night rally, Nov. 9, 2016, in New York

New York

President-elect

Donald Trump

wife

Melania Trump

son

Barron Trump


Input: Keith Benon Robe was active in Uganda’s opposition during his country’s presidential elections earlier this year

Uganda’s

Keith Benon Robe


Input: He says he is excited because he believes Trump will stand up to Africa’s dictators

Trump


Input: And I trust him because he's a businessman; he's going to change everything

businessman


Input: But the main point is he's going to help us change this regime, which we're tired of.

regime


Input: A good example-The fact that Trump was legitimately elected was not lost on some Africans, who have seen many rigged or suspect elections in their time

Trump


Input: "We were really hoping that Clinton would win, but it was expected for Trump to win.

Clinton

Trump


Input: Stanley, a history teacher at the Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de la Gombe in Kinshasa who preferred not to give his last name, says that regardless of winner, the American election cycle sets a good example for other countries

Kinshasa

American

countries

Institut Supérieur Pédagogique de la Gombe

Stanley

teacher


Input: “The lessons which I draw as a Congolese citizen, as an African, is that it’s a handover of power, clear and clean, without problem

Congolese

African


Input: Mrs. Clinton has even called Trump to congratulate him,” said Stanley

Clinton

Trump


Input: Guests attend an election results watch breakfast at the home of U.S. Ambassador Robert Godec in Nairobi, Kenya, Nov. 9, 2016

home

U.S.

Nairobi

Kenya

Guests

Ambassador

Robert Godec

attend

U.S.


Input: FILE - Malik Obama, half-brother of President Barack Obama, seen in a Nov. 4, 2012 photo

Malik Obama

Barack Obama


Input: Thuso Khumalo reported from Johannesburg

Johannesburg

Thuso Khumalo


Input: Lizabeth Paulat reported from Kampala

Kampala

Lizabeth Paulat


Input: William Clowes reported from Kinshasa

Kinshasa

William Clowes


Input: Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton speaks during a campaign rally, Nov. 6, 2016, in Manchester, N.H.-Sara Asafu-Adjaye, a Ghanaian social activist, says she would have loved to have seen the first female U.S. president

Manchester

N.H.

Ghanaian

U.S.

Democratic

candidate

Hillary Clinton

Sara Asafu-Adjaye

activist

president

rally

Hillary Clinton

Manchester


Input: Emilie Iob reported from Abidjan

Abidjan

Emilie Iob


Input: Ricci Shryock reported from Dakar

Dakar

Ricci Shryock


Input: Moki Edwin Kindzeka reported from Cameroon

Cameroon

Moki Edwin Kindzeka


Input: Francisca Kakra Forson reported from Accra

Francisca Kakra Forson


Input: “Not only is it that she is a woman

woman


Input: She’s a competent woman,” said Asafu-Adjaye

woman


Input: “And the fact that millions, over 48 percent of Americans believe that she’s not the better person for the job, it scares me.

person


Input: [If] you look at the caliber of the lady who was in front of him in the election and all those who backed her, it was another translation that [the] majority is not always right,” said Eboune

lady


Input: Trump’s Election Exposes Deep Demographic Divides in US -WASHINGTON — -The United States of America appears less united than ever, based on evidence drawn from conversations with voters, showing how deep and surprising divisions between blocs of the American electorate enabled Republican nominee Donald Trump’s stunning election upset and earned him the presidency

US

WASHINGTON

United States of America

American

Republican

Deep Demographic Divides

voters

Donald Trump’s


Input: Most credible projections had given Democrat Hillary Clinton a clear path to the finish line

Democrat

Hillary Clinton


Input: Democratic pollster Geoff Garin told Politico it’s possible that those reading the polls assumed — wrongly — that steadily growing diversity in the U.S. population would automatically help Clinton

U.S.

Democratic

Politico

Geoff Garin

Clinton


Input: That same belief appears to have applied to women, who did not flock to Clinton in the overwhelming numbers that Silver’s blog predicted just a month before the vote

women

Clinton


Input: In reality, Clinton won 54 percent of the female vote, one point less than Obama in 2012

Clinton

Obama


Input: The only poll that did not predict a Clinton landslide, and which was widely debunked for it — the USC Dornsife/Los Angeles Times poll — said perhaps it was a reporting bias

USC

Clinton


Input: “Women who said they backed Trump were particularly less likely to say they would be comfortable talking to a pollster about their vote,” that survey concluded

Trump


Input: NBC’s exit poll found that 65 percent of white non-college-educated voters chose Trump, compared with 29 percent who voted for Clinton

voters

Trump

Clinton


Input: Polling expert Nate Silver, for example, predicted on his website that Clinton had a 72 percent chance of victory as Election Day dawned

Nate Silver

Clinton


Input: That sort of margin hasn’t been seen since Ronald Reagan’s 1984 victory over Walter Mondale

Ronald Reagan’s

Walter Mondale


Input: Trump himself mentioned this group, which he called the “forgotten people” in his acceptance speech Wednesday morning

group

Trump


Input: Or as author and opinion writer J.D. Vance observed in The New York Times, “The feeling that so many of America’s opinion leaders see [those] concerns as the product of stupidity at best, or racism at worst, confirms the worst fears of many

New York

author


Input: In the exhausted aftermath of this bruising election, Clinton and Trump seemed to agree on one thing: the need for unity

Clinton

Trump


Input: Trump took a magnanimous tone in his acceptance speech, leaving behind his vitriol against Clinton and calling for togetherness

Trump

Clinton


Input: “Now it is time for America to bind the wounds of division; [we] have to get together,” he said “… I pledge to every citizen of our land that I will be president for all of Americans, and this is so important to me

America

president


Input: For those who have chosen not to support me in the past, of which there were a few people, I’m reaching out to you for your guidance and your help so that we can work together and unify our great country.

country


Input: That early estimate was based, to a degree, on assumptions that traditional supporters of Democratic candidates, such as African-American and Hispanic voters, would give Clinton a strong boost

Democratic

candidates

voters

Clinton


Input: In 2008, Obama had a 91 percentage point advantage among African-American voters over his Republican opponent, Senator John McCain

Republican

Obama

voters

opponent

Senator

John McCain


Input: This year Clinton had a strong lead over Trump with the same group

group

Clinton

Trump


Input: And Trump, who launched his presidential campaign by calling Mexican immigrants rapists and vowing to make Mexico pay for a giant border wall, managed to win more Hispanic votes than Mitt Romney did in 2012

Mexican

Mexico

border

Trump

rapists

Mitt Romney


Input: Pedestrians cheer as pro-Trump supporters, gather to voice their support for Trump's election as president, Nov. 9, 2016, outside Trump Tower in New York

New York

Trump Tower

president


Input: This Day in History: Jonestown Massacre-Thirty-eight years ago, the bodies of more than 900 members of the Peoples Temple, led by cult leader Jim Jones, were found in a compound in a town knowns as Jonestown in the southern American nation of Guyana

compound

town

Jonestown

American

nation

Guyana

Peoples Temple

members

leader

Jim Jones


Input: The mass suicide followed the murder of U.S. Representative Leo Ryan and four members of his delegation on November 18, 1978, who had gone to Jonestown to investigate claims of abuse

U.S.

Jonestown

Leo Ryan

members

gone

Leo Ryan


Input: He broke new ground, attracting college educated professionals, young and old African-Americans and whites from a range of socio-economic backgrounds

college

professionals


Input: He had a dark side that became more evident as his church moved from Indiana to California and, ultimately, Guyana

Indiana

California

church


Input: Jones had grown up poor and struggled in a deeply dysfunctional family

family


Input: Of the 918 members who drank the poison under orders that night in Guyana, 276 were children

Guyana

members

poison

members


Input: Leo J. Ryan D- California, and three newsmen were killed in an ambush in northern Guyana after visiting the jungle headquarters of Jim Jones controversial religious sect in 1978

headquarters

California

Guyana

newsmen

Jim Jones

killed

newsmen

Guyana

visiting

newsmen

headquarters


Input: Later that day, members were directed by Jones to commit an act of “revolutionary suicide” by drinking fruit punch laced with cyanide and sedatives as armed guards stood by

Jones

guards


Input: The next day, Guyanese authorities discovered the gruesome scene: dozens of bloated bodies of men, women and children, many with their arms around one another, strewn around the compound’s pavilion

men

women

children

bodies

children


Input: Rev. Jimmy Jones, founder of People's Temple, clasps an unidentified man at Jonestown, Nov. 18, 1978, during Congressman' Leo J. Ryan's visit

Jonestown

People's Temple

Jimmy Jones

founder

man

Leo J. Ryan's

visit

Jimmy Jones


Input: Jones, age 47, was discovered at the compound, dead from a single bullet wound to the head, believed to be self-inflicted

compound

Jones

bullet

dead

Jones

bullet


Input: Before the 9/11 terrorist attacks, the Jonestown massacre was the single largest loss of American civilians in a non-natural disaster

American

civilians


Input: Trump Reframes Key Campaign Themes-U.S. President-elect Donald Trump appears to be backing away from some of his firmly held campaign themes, including putting Democratic presidential rival Hillary Clinton in jail

jail

U.S.

Democratic

Trump Reframes

President-elect

Donald Trump

Hillary Clinton

jail

Donald Trump

Hillary Clinton


Input: Trump met Tuesday with reporters and editors from The New York Times, the venerable newspaper he condemned during the campaign as dishonest and a "failing" publication, but now says he respects and reads

New York

newspaper

Trump

reporters


Input: He had promised to have a special prosecutor to look into her case and even directly threatened her with jail during one of the presidential debates

jail

prosecutor


Input: The FBI has completed its investigation into the Clinton email case but its inquiry into the Clinton Foundation remains open

FBI

Clinton Foundation

Clinton


Input: According to the 2015 book "Clinton Cash," written by Peter Schweizer, foreign entities donated money to the foundation in exchange of favors from the State Department, which was under Clinton's watch

State Department

Clinton

Peter Schweizer


Input: FILE - Former President Bill Clinton applauds as his wife, Hillary Clinton speaks in New York where she conceded her defeat to Republican Donald Trump after the hard-fought presidential election, Nov. 9, 2016

New York

Republican

Bill Clinton

wife

Hillary Clinton

Donald Trump


Input: If Trump ordered the FBI to close the foundation inquiry when he becomes president, the agency's director, James Comey, could refuse

FBI

Trump

president

director

James Comey


Input: FBI directors are given ten year terms to shield themselves from political coercion

FBI


Input: Trump strongly said that he has no intention to call for a further investigation into Clinton's use of a private email server when she was secretary of state and into questions surrounding the charitable Clinton Foundation

state

Clinton Foundation

Trump

secretary


Input: Trump's decision not to push for investigations into Clinton's email use or the Clinton Foundation may not deter some Republican Party members on Capitol Hill

Capitol Hill

the Clinton Foundation

Republican Party

members


Input: Republican Congressman James Chaffetz, who chairs the powerful House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, has promised to continue to investigate Clinton's use of emails

Republican

House Oversight and Government Reform Committee

Congressman

James Chaffetz


Input: By backing off his promises to investigate Clinton, Trump's has outraged some of his most passionate supporters

Clinton


Input: Breitbart News, a conservative news organization that has strongly supported Trump, published the headline Tuesday "Broken Promise.

organization

Trump


Input: Climate Change-Trump, who once called global warming a Chinese-created hoax, also appears to be backing down from his threat to withdraw from the Paris Climate Change Agreement

Trump


Input: The Arc de Triomphe is illuminated in green with the words "Paris Agreement is Done," to celebrate the Paris U.N. COP21 Climate Change agreement in Paris, France, Nov. 4, 2016

Paris

Paris

France

U.N.


Input: Trump told the Times that "clean air is vitally important" and believes "there is some connectivity between" climate change and human activity

Times

Trump


Input: The billionaire real estate mogul also appeared to have changed his mind about torturing terrorism suspects

billionaire


Input: FILE - In this Oct. 18, 2011, file photo, then-Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton checks her Blackberry from a desk inside a C-17 military plane upon her departure from Malta, in the Mediterranean Sea, bound for Tripoli, Libya

Malta

Tripoli

Libya

Mediterranean Sea

State

Hillary Rodham Clinton

C-17 military plane

departure

Hillary Rodham Clinton

C-17 military plane

Malta


Input: Trump suggested he changed his mind after meeting with retired Marine Corps General James Mattis, a leading candidate for secretary of defense

Marine Corps

Trump

James Mattis

candidate

secretary

meeting

James Mattis


Input: Trump said General Mattis never thought harsh interrogation techniques "to be useful," and added that the general preferred developing trust with "a pack of cigarettes and a couple of beers.

Trump

Mattis


Input: When asked for his reaction to a group of white nationalists caught on camera, throwing Nazi salutes and shouting "Hail Trump" during a conference on Saturday in Washington, D.C, the president-elect said, "I disavow and condemn them.

Washington, D.C

group

Nazi

Trump

president-elect


Input: "It's not a group I want to energize," he said

group


Input: But he defended his appointment of alt-right leader Steve Bannon as his chief counselor

leader

Steve Bannon

counselor


Input: Bannon has been accused of racism, sexism and anti-Semitism chiefly through his time as head of the ultra-right website Brietbart News

Brietbart News

Bannon


Input: "If I thought he was a racist... I wouldn't think about hiring him," Trump said

Trump


Input: He told the newspaper that in theory, "I could run my business perfectly and then run the country perfectly.

country

newspaper


Input: Backing down from some of his most vigorous campaign promises may disappoint many Trump supporters who want to see Clinton in prison and the U.S. shred its obligations to cut carbon emissions

prison

U.S.

Trump

Clinton


Input: But Trump has promised to be a unifying leader and president for all

Trump

leader

president


Input: President Barack Obama has said his successor will find there is a big difference between campaign rhetoric and the reality of the Oval Office

Oval Office

Barack Obama


Input: Trump assumes power January 20 as Obama leaves office

Trump

Obama


Input: Trump said investigating Clinton is not something he feels "very strongly about.

Trump

Clinton


Input: 'Very divisive'-"I think it would be very, very divisive for the country," Trump told reporters and editors at The New York Times

country

Trump

reporters


Input: Can Rebels Hold On in Aleppo

Aleppo


Input: KILIS, TURKEY — -The much fought over front lines in Aleppo separating Syrian rebels in the eastern districts from the mixed forces of President Bashar al-Assad surrounding them have begun to shift dramatically — that’s hardly surprising given how outmatched the fight has become both in terms of manpower and the massive air power that’s being brought to bear on insurgents and civilians alike in the east

TURKEY

Aleppo

Syrian

KILIS

districts

Bashar al-Assad


Input: A man covers his face from dust as he walks with a bicycle after a strike on the rebel held besieged al-Shaar neighborhood of Aleppo, Syria, Nov. 26, 2016

rebel

al-Shaar

Aleppo

Syria

neighborhood

man

bicycle

walks

man

bicycle

neighborhood

neighborhood


Input: the head of a foundation in Tehran that provides aid to the families of the dead admitted that more than a thousand fighters with Iranian militias, many of them Afghan Shi’ite exiles, have been killed in combat in Syria — about 400 appear to have died fighting in Aleppo province in just the past three months

Tehran

Iranian

Afghan

Syria

Aleppo province

foundation

the head

families

fighters

dead

fighters

killed

fighters

Syria

died

fighters

Aleppo province

aid

foundation

families


Input: For the rebels, bravado goes hand-in-hand with the desperate resistance the insurgents have mounted since a Russian-backed offensive in February across northern Syria left eastern Aleppo encircled

Syria

Aleppo

insurgents


Input: The commanders of the estimated 8,000 rebels drawn from Free Syrian Army and Islamist militias and the al Qaida-linked Jabhat Fateh al-Sham insist they can continue to fend off Assad’s forces

Free Syrian Army

Islamist militias

Jabhat Fateh al-Sham

commanders

Assad


Input: But each rebel counter-offensive has been rolled back — the last concerted one in mid-November ended in failure when regime forces recaptured two districts on the southwestern outskirts of the city

city

districts

outskirts

regime forces


Input: That has left the insurgents to resort themselves to indiscriminate shelling of parts of western Aleppo, a propaganda boon for a regime that’s under fierce international condemnation for its massive targeting of hospitals, makeshift clinics, markets and schools

hospitals

clinics

Aleppo

regime

schools

insurgents


Input: The anti-Assad rebel pocket in the east has now been split into two after regime forces captured the district of Sakhour, according to independent monitors as well as Syrian government officials

Syrian

anti-Assad rebel pocket

regime forces

Sakhour

government

officials


Input: The White Helmets, a first-responders group, warned last week the meager food stocks left will run out within the next few days

The White Helmets


Input: The huge Assad assault — regime reinforcements were sent to the city this weekend in what Damascus calls a “decisive final battle” — is testing not only the endurance of an estimated quarter-of-a-million civilians trapped, bombed on and starving in the eastern pocket

city

Damascus

Assad


Input: It is testing the rebel forces — to the breaking point, fear diplomats, analysts and some rebel leaders

rebel forces

diplomats


Input: No, sadly no, from a military point of view, of course, they can’t,” says Gen. Salim Idris, a former commander-in-chief of the Free Syrian Army

Free Syrian Army

Gen. Salim Idris


Input: FILE - Gen. Salim Idris speaks during an interview in Antakya, Turkey

Antakya

Turkey

Gen. Salim Idris

interview

Gen. Salim Idris

Antakya


Input: Western diplomats also tell VOA that unless there’s a change of heart by the West and a supply of anti-aircraft missiles to the insurgents, it is only matter of time, possibly just weeks, before there’s a rebel collapse in eastern Aleppo

Western

West

Aleppo

VOA

insurgents

diplomats

missiles


Input: Despite Assad regime claims that civilians are being prevented from leaving the east by the rebels, most residents contacted by VOA say they are more fearful of an insurgent collapse in their neighborhoods

neighborhoods

regime

rebels

VOA

Assad

civilians

residents


Input: “Assad’s people are not going to treat us kindly if they break through — that’s clear from their bombing of us now,” says Mohammed, a onetime shop-owner and father of three, who like all civilians in the east forages as best he can for food to feed his family

Assad’s

Mohammed

family


Input: “I managed to grow some food on the roof of the house but not enough to help us through the winter months,” he adds

house


Input: FILE - This photo provided by the Rumaf, a Syrian Kurdish activist group, which has been authenticated based on its contents and other AP reporting, shows Kurdish fighters watch people flee from rebel-held eastern neighborhoods of Aleppo, Nov. 27, 2016

Syrian

Aleppo

Kurdish

Kurdish

neighborhoods

Rumaf

Kurdish activist group

fighters

people

flee

neighborhoods


Input: After explaining how she helped a wounded mother birth a baby whose eyes had been damaged from shrapnel injuries to the mother’s back and abdomen, she said: “I am so afraid the rebels will surrender.

mother

baby


Input: And there seems little hope that Turkish-backed rebels fighting northeast of Aleppo against Kurdish militias and the Islamic State will be able to assist their comrades in the city

Aleppo

Islamic State

Kurdish

militias


Input: Turkey’s Prime Minister, Binali Yıldırım, appears to be eager to assuage Damascus fears that the Turkish military intervention will somehow get entangled in Aleppo

Turkey’s

Damascus

Turkish

Aleppo

military

Binali Yıldırım


Input: The Turks’ Euphrates Shield operation in northern Syria will not target Aleppo, he told TRT television in an interview

Syria

Aleppo

TRT television


Input: “We don’t have such a target,” he said, walking back his midweek threat of retaliation against Damascus for what Turkey claimed was a Syrian airstrike in northern Syria that killed four Turkish soldiers

Damascus

Turkey

Syrian

Syria

Turkish

soldiers

airstrike

killed

airstrike

Syria

soldiers


Input: If the rebels fold in eastern Aleppo, beaten into defeat by overwhelming numbers and scorched-earth airstrikes, what then

Aleppo

rebels


Input: “It is very dangerous if they lose Aleppo — the Assad forces will then focus west on Idlib province and then that will be the end,” laments Gen. Idris

Aleppo

Idlib

Assad

Gen. Idris


Input: The commanders down there tell me the situation is very bad

commanders


Input: They lack ammunition and outside support and all they can do is just hang on

ammunition


Input: The Damascus suburbs are desperate, too, for the militias,” he adds

Damascus

suburbs

militias


Input: That land-grab owes much to Russian intervention

Russian


Input: Russian warplanes have already started pummeling Idlib

Russian

Idlib

warplanes

pummeling

Russian

warplanes

Idlib


Input: In mid-November, Russian Minister of Defense Sergey Shoygu announced the start of a “major operation” that he said would target ISIS and al-Qaida in Idlib

Russian

Idlib

ISIS

al-Qaida

Sergey Shoygu

target

Russian

al-Qaida


Input: But as with Aleppo, the FSA and Islamist militias are bearing much of the brunt of airstrikes including from sorties flown by Su-33 ‘Flanker-D’ fighters launched from the the Russian aircraft carrier ‘Admiral Kuznetsov’ in the Eastern Mediterranean

Aleppo

Russian

Eastern Mediterranean

FSA

Islamist militias

fighters

carrier

airstrikes

Islamist militias

Russian

carrier


Input: “Idlib will become the next killing ground,” says a Western diplomat

Idlib

Western

diplomat


Input: “And that will in effect kill what is left of the Syrian revolution,” he adds

Syrian


Input: However, the ground being taken by Assad’s forces with Shi’ite militias from Iraq, Lebanon and Iran largely in the vanguard is being gained painstakingly slowly

Iraq

Lebanon

Iran

Shi’ite militias

Assad’s


Input: 71 Killed in Crash of Plane Carrying Brazilian Soccer Team-At least 71 people were killed when a plane carrying members of a Brazilian soccer team crashed late Monday near Medellin, Colombia

Brazilian

Medellin, Colombia

Brazilian Soccer Team

people

Plane

plane

killed

people

Medellin, Colombia


Input: Alfredo Bocanegra, head of Columbia's civil aviation agency, said authorities could not rule out the possibility that the plane ran out of fuel before it crashed, but the main focus of the investigation was on a possible electrical failure

Columbia's civil aviation agency

Alfredo Bocanegra

plane


Input: Leandro Bastos of Chapecoense's under-15 soccer team sits inside the team's locker room at the Arena Conda stadium in Chapeco, Brazil, Nov. 29, 2016

room

Chapeco

Brazil

Arena Conda stadium

Chapecoense's

Leandro Bastos


Input: The dream is now over," he told reporters

reporters


Input: The Colombian football squad Atletico National said it was also waiting for more information and offered support to the Brazilian team, adding that Chapecoense should win the title "as an honorary trophy for its great loss.

Colombian

Brazilian

Atletico National

team

Chapecoense


Input: Players of Brazil's Chapecoense celebrate a goal against San Lorenzo in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Nov. 2, 2016

Brazil's

Buenos Aires

Argentina

Chapecoense

San Lorenzo

Players


Input: Also on board were more than 20 journalists who were going to cover the Copa Sudamericana soccer match on Wednesday

journalists


Input: Members of the press were from several organizations, including Fox Sports Brazil and Globo, a large Brazilian conglomerate, and a variety of FM and AM radio stations in South America

Brazilian

South America

organizations

Fox Sports Brazil

Globo

conglomerate


Input: Among the six survivors on the plane were three members of the Chapecoense soccer team, at least two of them with substantial injuries; a journalist, and two members of the flight crew

Chapecoense soccer team

survivors

members

journalist

members

plane


Input: Relatives of Brazilian journalist Guilherme Marques, who died in a plane accident that crashed into Colombian jungle with Brazilian soccer team Chapecoense aboard near Medellin, mourn during a Mass in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Nov. 29, 2016

Brazilian

Colombian

Brazilian

Medellin

Rio de Janeiro

Brazil

Chapecoense

Relatives

Guilherme Marques

plane

Mass

Relatives

Rio de Janeiro

died

Guilherme Marques

Colombian


Input: On Twitter, Chapecoense's rival called for fans to dress in white and attend a candlelight vigil at the city's soccer stadium to honor the people who died in the plane crash

stadium

Chapecoense's

fans

people

plane

attend

fans

stadium

died

people


Input: Brazilian President Michael Temer said authorities were mobilizing to help the team and families of the victims

Brazilian

team

Michael Temer

families

victims


Input: He said the government "will do everything possible to alleviate the pain" of the family members of the players and the journalists who died in the crash

government

members

players

journalists