Input: The Revolt of the Comuneros ( , `` War of the Communities of Castile '' ) was an uprising by citizens of Castile against the rule of Charles I and his administration between 1520 and 1521 . at its height , the rebels controlled the heart of castile , ruling the cities of valladolid , tordesillas , and toledo . The revolt occurred in the wake of political instability in the Crown of Castile after the death of Queen Isabella I in 1504 . Isabella 's daughter Joanna succeeded to the throne . Due to Joanna 's mental instability , Castile was ruled by the nobles and her father , King Ferdinand II of Aragon , as a regent . After Ferdinand 's death in 1516 , Joanna 's sixteen-year-old son Charles was proclaimed king of both Castile and Aragon . Charles had been raised in the Netherlands with little knowledge of Castilian . He arrived in Spain in October 1517 accompanied by a large retinue of Flemish nobles and clerics . These factors resulted in mistrust between the new king and the Castilian social elites , who could see the threat to their power and status . In 1519 , Charles was elected Holy Roman Emperor . He departed for Germany in 1520 , leaving the Dutch cardinal Adrian of Utrecht to rule Castile in his absence . Soon , a series of anti-government riots broke out in the cities , and local city councils ( `` Comunidades '' ) took power . The rebels chose Charles ' own mother , Queen Joanna , as an alternative ruler , hoping they could control her madness . The rebel movement took on a radical anti-feudal dimension , supporting peasant rebellions against the landed nobility . On April 23 , 1521 , after nearly a year of rebellion , the reorganized supporters of the emperor struck a crippling blow to the comuneros at the Battle of Villalar . The following day , rebel leaders Juan López de Padilla , Juan Bravo , and Francisco Maldonado were beheaded . The army of the comuneros fell apart . Only the city of Toledo kept alive the rebellion led by María Pacheco , until its surrender in October 1521 . The character of the revolution is a matter of historiographical debate . According to some scholars , the revolt was one of the first modern revolutions , notably because of the anti-noble sentiment against social injustice and its basis on ideals of democracy and freedom . Others consider it a more typical rebellion against high taxes and perceived foreign control . From the 19th century onwards , the revolt has been mythologized by various Spaniards , generally liberals who drew political inspiration from it . Conservative intellectuals have traditionally adopted more pro-Imperial stances toward the revolt , and have been critical of both the motives and the government of the comuneros . With the end of Franco 's dictatorship and the establishment of the autonomous community of Castile and León , positive commemoration of the `` Comunidades '' has grown . April 23 is now celebrated as Castile and León Day , and the incident is often referred to in Castilian nationalism .

arrived in

Charles

Charles

Charles

Charles

Spain

struck

the reorganized supporters of the emperor

the comuneros

the Battle of Villalar

resulted in

Charles had been raised in the Netherlands with little knowledge of Castilian

He arrived in Spain in October 1517 accompanied by a large retinue of Flemish nobles and clerics

mistrust between the new king and the Castilian social elites

raised

Charles

Charles

Charles

Charles

king of both Castile and Aragon

revolt

Queen Isabella

Castile

rebellions

peasant

Castile

elected

Charles

Charles

Charles

Charles

Holy Roman Emperor

Spain

adopted

Conservative intellectuals

more pro-Imperial stances toward the revolt

chose

The rebels

Queen Joanna

occurred

The Revolt of the Comuneros

Castile

political instability in the Crown of Castile after the death of Queen Isabella I

debate

The character of the revolution

took

local city councils

Charles

Charles

Charles

Charles

Castile

The Revolt of the Comuneros

ruling

the rebels

valladolid

tordesillas

toledo

controlled

the rebels

the heart of castile

ruled

the nobles and her father , King Ferdinand II of Aragon , as a regent

Castile

control

The rebels

Queen Joanna

establishment

autonomous community of Castile and León

death

Queen Isabella

death

Ferdinand

Castile

departed

Charles

Charles

Charles

Charles

Spain

Germany

grown

end of Franco 's dictatorship

establishment of the autonomous community of Castile and León

positive commemoration of the `` Comunidades

beheaded

the reorganized supporters of the emperor

Juan López de Padilla

Juan Bravo

Francisco Maldonado

beheaded

perceived

Others

it a more typical rebellion against high taxes and perceived foreign control

fell

celebrated

Castile and León Day

Spain

proclaimed

Joanna 's sixteen-year-old son Charles was proclaimed king of both Castile and Aragon

supporting

The Revolt of the Comuneros

supporting peasant rebellions against the landed nobility

Castile

kept

Toledo

the rebellion

Toledo


Input: The Battle of Saltholm was fought on 9 June 1808 during the Gunboat War . Danish and Norwegian ships attacked a British convoy off the island of Saltholm in Øresund Strait near Copenhagen . The convoy of 70 British merchant vessels left Malmö Roads under the escort of three Royal Navy brigs and one bomb vessel . The brigs were of 12 guns , the 14-gun and the 12-gun . The bomb was . The Danes and the Norwegian assembled twenty-one gunboats and seven mortar boats for the attack . Once the Dano-Norwegian force attacked , the battle was over within twenty minutes . `` Turbulent '' , under the command of Lieutenant George Wood , was bringing up the rear . She and `` Thunder '' engaged while the remaining ships attempted to flee . This proved difficult as the wind was very calm , which allowed the Danish and Norwegians to row up to and board several of the British vessels . `` Turbulent '' was finally dismasted , which forced her to strike . Still , her resistance enabled most of the merchant fleet to escape . The Dano-Norwegian force captured 12 or 13 merchant vessels , plus `` Turbulent '' . `` Thunder '' escaped with some damage .

attacked

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

British convoy

island of Saltholm

The Dano-Norwegian force captured 12 or 13 merchant vessels , plus `` Turbulent ''

attacked

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

British convoy

island of Saltholm

The Dano-Norwegian force captured 12 or 13 merchant vessels , plus `` Turbulent ''

attack

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

British convoy

island of Saltholm

The Dano-Norwegian force captured 12 or 13 merchant vessels , plus `` Turbulent ''

forced

`` Turbulent '' was finally dismasted

strike

assembled

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

twenty-one gunboats and seven mortar boats

island of Saltholm

the attack

captured

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

British convoy

island of Saltholm

The Battle of Saltholm

damage

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

Thunder

island of Saltholm

left

The convoy of 70 British merchant vessels

Malmö Roads

Battle

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

British convoy

island of Saltholm

fought

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

British convoy

island of Saltholm

row

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

board several of the British vessels

allowed

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

the wind was very calm

enabled

her resistance

most of the merchant fleet

strike

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

Turbulent

island of Saltholm

dismasted

Dano-Norwegian force

Dano-Norwegian force

Turbulent

island of Saltholm

flee

the remaining ships

island of Saltholm

escape

most of the merchant fleet

island of Saltholm

escaped

Thunder

island of Saltholm


Input: the raid on anuradhapura air force base , code-named operation unk , was a successful commando raid conducted on slaf anuradhapura an air force base in anuradhapura , sri lanka by the liberation tigers of tamil eelam . The attack happened on 22 October 2007 . at 3:15 am a group of 21 ltte commandos , most of them black tigers , who are known to be suicide bombers , attacked the air base . shortly after the attack started the tigers were supported by two light aircraft from the air tigers which conducted a bombing run on the base and escaped undamaged . 10 military personnel , including 2 air force officers , were killed in the attack and 22 were wounded . It was confirmed that 20 of the 21 commandos were killed . also an air force bell 212 helicopter gunship that was sent to the base to provide help crashed near the base during the clashes killing four crew members . Initially it was reported that only three aircraft were destroyed and one crashed . However the Prime Minister stated two days later that up to 8 aircraft were destroyed in the attack and another 10 were damaged , whereas the LTTE claimed to have destroyed 15 aircraft on the day of the attack . Because of this the sincerity of the government came into question . B. Raman , a retired Additional Secretary of India and currently the Director of Institute of Topical Studies of Chennai , released a statement regarding the attack calling that it `` had been preceded by painstaking intelligence collection , planning and rehearsal . ''

conducted

the air tigers

anuradhapura air force base

a bombing run on the base

conducted

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

commando raid

successful

raid

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

10 military personnel , including 2 air force officers , were killed in the attack and 22 were wounded .

It was confirmed that 20 of the 21 commandos were killed .

also an air force bell 212 helicopter gunship that was sent to the base to provide help crashed near the base during the clashes killing four crew members .

the LTTE claimed to have destroyed 15 aircraft on the day of the attack .

attack

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

10 military personnel , including 2 air force officers , were killed in the attack and 22 were wounded .

It was confirmed that 20 of the 21 commandos were killed .

also an air force bell 212 helicopter gunship that was sent to the base to provide help crashed near the base during the clashes killing four crew members .

the LTTE claimed to have destroyed 15 aircraft on the day of the attack .

attack

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

10 military personnel , including 2 air force officers , were killed in the attack and 22 were wounded .

It was confirmed that 20 of the 21 commandos were killed .

also an air force bell 212 helicopter gunship that was sent to the base to provide help crashed near the base during the clashes killing four crew members .

the LTTE claimed to have destroyed 15 aircraft on the day of the attack .

attack

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

10 military personnel , including 2 air force officers , were killed in the attack and 22 were wounded .

It was confirmed that 20 of the 21 commandos were killed .

also an air force bell 212 helicopter gunship that was sent to the base to provide help crashed near the base during the clashes killing four crew members .

the LTTE claimed to have destroyed 15 aircraft on the day of the attack .

attack

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

10 military personnel , including 2 air force officers , were killed in the attack and 22 were wounded .

It was confirmed that 20 of the 21 commandos were killed .

also an air force bell 212 helicopter gunship that was sent to the base to provide help crashed near the base during the clashes killing four crew members .

the LTTE claimed to have destroyed 15 aircraft on the day of the attack .

attack

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

10 military personnel , including 2 air force officers , were killed in the attack and 22 were wounded .

It was confirmed that 20 of the 21 commandos were killed .

also an air force bell 212 helicopter gunship that was sent to the base to provide help crashed near the base during the clashes killing four crew members .

the LTTE claimed to have destroyed 15 aircraft on the day of the attack .

attacked

a group of 21 ltte commandos

anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

10 military personnel , including 2 air force officers , were killed in the attack and 22 were wounded

wounded

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

anuradhapura air force base

crashed

air force bell 212 helicopter gunship

near the base

killing four crew members

crashed

one

anuradhapura

slaf anuradhapura

calling

B. Raman , a retired Additional Secretary of India and currently the Director of Institute of Topical Studies of Chennai

it `` had been preceded by painstaking intelligence collection , planning and rehearsal . ''

damaged

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

another 10

anuradhapura

slaf anuradhapura

destroyed

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

only three aircraft

anuradhapura

slaf anuradhapura

destroyed

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

15 aircraft

anuradhapura

slaf anuradhapura

destroyed

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

up to 8 aircraft

anuradhapura

slaf anuradhapura

killed

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

10 military personnel , including 2 air force officers

anuradhapura air force base

raid

killed

anuradhapura air force base

20 of the 21 commandos

anuradhapura

slaf anuradhapura

raid

started

a group of 21 ltte commandos

the raid on anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

happened

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

the raid on anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura

preceded

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

the raid on anuradhapura air force base

anuradhapura air force base

reported

only three aircraft

one

destroyed

crashed

escaped

the air tigers

anuradhapura air force base

sent

air force bell 212 helicopter gunship

anuradhapura air force base

provide help

stated

Prime Minister

up to 8 aircraft were destroyed in the attack and another 10 were damaged

released

B. Raman , a retired Additional Secretary of India and currently the Director of Institute of Topical Studies of Chennai

a statement regarding the attack calling that it `` had been preceded by painstaking intelligence collection , planning and rehearsal . ''

supported

the air tigers

the liberation tigers of tamil eelam

anuradhapura

slaf anuradhapura

two light aircraft

which conducted a bombing run on the base and escaped undamaged

confirmed

20 of the 21 commandos

killed


Input: the vietnam war ( ) , also known as the second indochina war , and in vietnam as the resistance war against america ( ) or simply the american war , was a conflict in vietnam , laos , and cambodia from 1 november 1955 to the fall of saigon on 30 april 1975 . It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam and South Vietnam . North Vietnam was supported by the Soviet Union , China , and other communist allies ; South Vietnam was supported by the United States , South Korea , the Philippines , Australia , Thailand and other anti-communist allies . The war , considered a Cold War-era proxy war by some , lasted 19 years , with direct U.S. involvement ending in 1973 , and included the Laotian Civil War and the Cambodian Civil War , resulting in all three countries becoming communist in 1975 . The conflict emerged from the First Indochina War against the communist-led Viet Minh . Most of the funding for the French war effort was provided by the U.S. After the French quit Indochina in 1954 , the US assumed financial and military support for the South Vietnamese state . The Việt Cộng , also known as or `` NLF '' ( the National Liberation Front ) , a South Vietnamese common front under the direction of North Vietnam , initiated a guerrilla war in the south . North Vietnam had also entered Laos in the mid-1950s in support of insurgents , setting up the Ho Chi Minh trail to supply and reinforce the Việt Cộng and increased in 1960 . U.S. involvement escalated under President John F. Kennedy through the MAAG program from just under a thousand in 1959 to 16,000 in 1963 . By 1963 , the North Vietnamese had sent 40,000 soldiers to fight in South Vietnam . North Vietnam was heavily backed by the People 's Republic of China , which in addition to supplying arms as the USSR did , also sent hundreds of thousands of PLA servicemen to North Vietnam to serve in support roles . By 1964 , there were 23,000 US advisors in South Vietnam during the Gulf of Tonkin incident , in which a U.S. destroyer was alleged to have clashed with North Vietnamese fast attack craft . In response , the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution gave President Lyndon B. Johnson broad authorization to increase U.S. military presence , deploying ground combat units for the first time and increasing troop levels to 184,000 . Past this point , the People 's Army of Vietnam ( known also as the NVA ) engaged in more conventional warfare with US and South Vietnamese forces . Every year onward there was significant build-up of US forces despite little progress , with Robert McNamara one of the principal architects of the war , expressing doubts of victory by the end of 1966 . U.S. and South Vietnam forces relied on air superiority and overwhelming firepower to conduct search and destroy operations , involving ground forces , artillery , and airstrikes . The U.S. also conducted a large-scale strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam and Laos . The Tet Offensive of 1968 showed the lack of progress with these doctrines as the NLF and PAVN mounted large-scale urban offensives throughout 1968 , turning US domestic support against the war . The Army of the Republic of Vietnam ( ARVN ) expanded following a period of neglect after Tet , modeled on US doctrine . The NLF sustained heavy losses during the Tet Offensive , losing over half its strength in a matter of months , which combined with subsequent U.S.-ARVN operations in the rest of 1968 , nearly wiped out the southern insurgency . The CIA 's Phoenix Program further degraded the NLF 's membership and capabilities . By the end of the year , the NLF insurgents held almost no territory in South Vietnam , and their recruitment dropped by over 80 % in 1969 , signifying a drastic reduction in guerrilla operations and necessitating increased use of NVA regulars from the north . In 1969 , North Vietnam declared a Provisional Revolutionary Government in South Vietnam in an attempt to give the reduced NLF a more international stature , but the southern guerrillas from then on were sidelined as PAVN forces begun more conventional Combined arms warfare . Operations crossed national borders : Laos was invaded by North Vietnam early on while Cambodia was used by North Vietnam as a supply route starting in 1967 ; the route through Cambodia began to be bombed by the U.S. in 1969 , while the Laos route had been heavily bombed since 1964 . the deposition of the monarch norodom sihanouk by the cambodian national assembly resulted in a pavn invasion of the country at the request of the khmer rouge , escalating the cambodian civil war and resulting in a unk unk . After 1968 , Nixon 's policy of `` Vietnamization '' , saw the conflict fought by an expanded ARVN with U.S. forces sidelined and increasingly demoralized by domestic opposition and reduced recruitment . U.S. ground forces withdrew by late 1971 , and U.S. involvement became limited to air support , artillery support , advisers , and materiel shipments . The ARVN , buttressed by said U.S. support , stopped the largest and first mechanized PAVN offensive to date during the Easter Offensive of 1972 , resulting in mutually heavy casualties , but failed to recapture all territory , leaving its military situation difficult . The Paris Peace Accords saw all US forces withdrawn and intervention prohibited by the US Congress on 15 August 1973 as a result of the Case–Church Amendment . The Peace Accords were broken almost immediately , and fighting continued for four years following the withdrawal of U.S. ground forces and two years following the withdrawal of the remaining U.S. forces , though U.S. material support continued at a much reduced rate . The three-year period of 1972 to 1974 saw heavy fighting and constituted the war 's bloodiest years for the ARVN . The 1975 Spring Offensive culminated in the capture of Saigon by the PAVN in April 1975 ; this marked the end of the war , and North and South Vietnam were reunified the following year . The scale of fighting was enormous : by 1970 the ARVN was the world 's fourth largest army , with the PAVN being similar in size at around a million regular soldiers . The war exacted a huge human cost in terms of fatalities ( see Vietnam War casualties ) : estimates of the number of Vietnamese soldiers and civilians killed vary from 966,000 to 3.8 million . Some 275,000–310,000 Cambodians , 20,000–62,000 Laotians , and 58,220 U.S. service members also died in the conflict , and a further 1,626 remain missing in action . The Sino-Soviet split re-emerged following the lull during the Vietnam War and conflict between North Vietnam and its Cambodian allies in the Royal Government of the National Union of Kampuchea , and the newly-formed Democratic Kampuchea begun almost immediately in a series of border raids by the Khmer Rouge that erupted into the Cambodian–Vietnamese War , with Chinese forces directly invading in the Sino-Vietnamese War and subsequent border conflicts . Insurgencies were fought by the unified Vietnam against insurgencies in all three countries . The end of the war and resumption of the Third Indochina War would precipitate the Vietnamese boat people and the bigger Indochina refugee crisis , which saw millions of refugees leave Indochina ( mainly southern Vietnam ) , an estimated 250,000 of whom perished at sea . Within the US the war gave rise to what was referred to as Vietnam Syndrome , a public aversion to American overseas military involvements , which together with Watergate contributed to the crisis of confidence that affected America throughout the 1970s .

conducted

The U.S.

North Vietnam

Laos

Laos

North Vietnam

Laos

Laos

bombing

a large-scale strategic bombing campaign

entered

South Vietnam

laos

invaded

North Vietnam

Laos

Laos

became

U.S. involvement

limited to air support , artillery support , advisers , and materiel shipments

vietnam

missing

Vietnam War

Cambodians

Laotians

U.S. service members

gave rise to

the vietnam war

Vietnam Syndrome

resulted in

the deposition of the monarch norodom

a pavn invasion of the country at the request of the khmer rouge

degraded

The CIA 's Phoenix Program

the NLF 's membership

capabilities

vietnam

escalated

U.S. involvement

MAAG program

from just under a thousand in 1959 to 16,000 in 1963

increased

supply

the Ho Chi Minh trail

North Vietnam

increased

use of NVA regulars from the north

their recruitment dropped by over 80 % in 1969

South Vietnam

reunified

North Vietnam

South Vietnam

the unified Vietnam

emerged

The conflict

vietnam

re-emerged

The Sino-Soviet

The Sino-Soviet split

mounted

died

Cambodians

Laotians

58,220 U.S. service members

Vietnam War

vietnam

cambodia

laos

broken

The Peace Accords

failed

The ARVN

PAVN

recapture all territory

vietnam

cost

Vietnam

Vietnamese soldiers

civilians

Vietnam

expanded

US doctrine

The Army of the Republic of Vietnam ( ARVN )

declared

North Vietnam

Provisional Revolutionary Government

South Vietnam

gave

the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

Lyndon B. Johnson

Gulf of Tonkin

broad authorization

held

the NLF insurgents

South Vietnam

territory

fought

North Vietnam

South Vietnam

vietnam

fought

Insurgencies

the unified Vietnam

Vietnam

dropped

their recruitment

crossed

Operations

Cambodia

Laos

Cambodia

engaged

the People 's Army of Vietnam

conventional warfare with US and South Vietnamese

vietnam

showed

The Tet Offensive of 1968

North Vietnam

Laos

Laos

prohibited

the US Congress

intervention

continued

stopped

The ARVN

the largest and first mechanized PAVN offensive

vietnam

culminated

The 1975 Spring Offensive

the capture of Saigon by the PAVN in April 1975

vietnam

initiated

The Việt Cộng

a guerrilla war

South Vietnam

begun

Democratic Kampuchea

in a series of border raids

vietnam

began

the route through Cambodia

be bombed by the U.S.

Cambodia

marked

the capture of Saigon by the PAVN in April 1975

vietnam

sent

the North Vietnamese

40,000 soldiers

North Vietnam

South Vietnam

to fight in South Vietnam

provided

U.S.

French

funding

supported

Soviet Union

China

other communist allies

North Vietnam

vietnam

arms

hundreds of thousands of PLA servicemen


Input: Music for the Masses Tour was a 1987/1988 concert tour by English electronic group Depeche Mode in support of the band 's sixth studio album , `` Music for the Masses '' , which was released in September 1987 . This was the second time the band traveled behind the Iron Curtain . The tour began in October 1987 with a European leg , starting in Madrid and finishing mid-November in Paris . In early December , a North American run commenced in San Francisco and culminated three weeks later in New York City . In January 1988 , the group played an eleven-date U.K. tour , which was followed by further dates in Europe beginning in Hamburg , West Germany in early February . The leg wrapped up in Vienna in late March . In April 1988 , the group played four dates in Japan . This was followed later in the month by the start of a second North American leg , which began in Mountain View , California . The entire tour concluded mid-June with a concert at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena , California , where the band performed in front of a sold out crowd of 60,453 people . The Rose Bowl show was recorded and later released as a live album and video release entitled `` 101 '' , issued in March 1989 . The video included footage documenting the second North American leg of the tour and was re-released on DVD in 2003 .

sold

60,453 people

Music for the Masses Tour

played

played

issued

Depeche Mode

The Rose Bowl show

Pasadena , California

performed

Depeche Mode

Rose Bowl

with a concert

the band performed in front of a sold out crowd of 60,453 people

finishing

Music for the Masses Tour

Paris

culminated

a North American run

New York City

concluded

Music for the Masses Tour

a concert at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena , California

Rose Bowl

began

Depeche Mode

Music for the Masses Tour

Madrid

starting

Depeche Mode

Music for the Masses Tour

Madrid

commenced

Depeche Mode

a North American run

San Francisco

beginning

Depeche Mode

an eleven-date U.K. tour

Hamburg

began

Depeche Mode

a second North American leg

Mountain View , California

start

Depeche Mode

a second North American leg

Mountain View , California

released

Depeche Mode

Depeche Mode

Music

released

Depeche Mode

Music

a live album

video release

release

Depeche Mode

Music

The Rose Bowl show

re-released

Depeche Mode

Music

The Rose Bowl show

documenting

the second North American leg of the tour

recorded

The Rose Bowl show

Pasadena , California

concert

Depeche Mode

Music for the Masses Tour

concert

Depeche Mode

Music for the Masses Tour

Rose Bowl

support

Depeche Mode

Music for the Masses

traveled

Depeche Mode

behind the Iron Curtain

tour

Depeche Mode

European


Input: The Polish Coup of early January 1919 was an unsuccessful coup d'etat in Poland . On 4–5 January 1919 , right-wing National Democrats attempted to overthrow the government of Jędrzej Moraczewski and Józef Piłsudski . The coup 's leaders included Marian Januszajtis-Żegota and Prince Eustachy Sapieha . The coup forces succeeded in arresting Moraczewski 's government but not Piłsudski . Some military units refused to follow confusing or surprising orders , and eventually the coup ended in some arrests and in a return to the `` status quo ante '' . There were no fatalities or significant injuries . In mid-January , right-wing activists were admitted to membership in a coalition government .

admitted

the government of Jędrzej Moraczewski and Józef Piłsudski

right-wing activists were admitted to membership

Poland

refused

Some military units

follow confusing or surprising orders

right-wing National Democrats

Poland

and eventually the coup ended in some arrests and in a return to the `` status quo ante

arresting

right-wing National Democrats

Jędrzej Moraczewski

Poland

arrests

right-wing National Democrats

Poland

The Polish Coup of early January 1919

injuries

Poland

overthrow

right-wing National Democrats

Marian Januszajtis-Żegota

Prince Eustachy Sapieha

Jędrzej Moraczewski

Józef Piłsudski

Poland

coup

right-wing National Democrats

Marian Januszajtis-Żegota

Prince Eustachy Sapieha

Jędrzej Moraczewski

Józef Piłsudski

Poland

coup

right-wing National Democrats

Marian Januszajtis-Żegota

Prince Eustachy Sapieha

Jędrzej Moraczewski

Józef Piłsudski

Poland

attempted

right-wing National Democrats

Poland

overthrow the government of Jędrzej Moraczewski and Józef Piłsudski

The coup forces succeeded in arresting Moraczewski 's government but not Piłsudski

membership

right-wing National Democrats

a coalition government

Poland

ended

The Polish Coup of early January 1919

Poland


Input: The Spanish Armada ( ) was a Habsburg Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from Corunna in late May 1588 , under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia , with the purpose of escorting an army from Flanders to invade England . Medina Sidonia was an aristocrat without naval command experience but was made commander by King Philip II . The aim was to overthrow Queen Elizabeth I and her establishment of Protestantism in England , to stop English interference in the Spanish Netherlands and to stop the harm caused by English and Dutch privateering ships that interfered with Spanish interests in the Americas . English ships sailed from Plymouth to attack the Armada and were faster and more manoeuvrable than the larger Spanish Galleons , enabling them to fire on the Armada without loss as it sailed east off the south coast of England . The Armada could have anchored in The Solent between the Isle of Wight and the English mainland and occupied the Isle of Wight , but Medina Sidonia was under orders from King Philip II to meet up with the Duke of Parma 's forces in the Netherlands so England could be invaded by Parma 's soldiers and other soldiers carried in ships of the Armada . English guns damaged the Armada and a Spanish ship was captured by Sir Francis Drake in the English Channel . The Armada anchored off Calais . While awaiting communications from Duke of Parma , the Armada was scattered by an English fireship night attack and abandoned its rendezvous with Parma 's army , that was blockaded in harbour by Dutch flyboats . In the ensuing Battle of Gravelines , the Spanish fleet was further damaged and was in risk of running aground on the Dutch coast when the wind changed . The Armada , driven by southwest winds , withdrew north , with the English fleet harrying it up the east coast of England . On return to Spain round the north of Scotland and south around Ireland , the Armada was disrupted further by storms . A large number of ships were wrecked on the coasts of Scotland and Ireland and more than a third of the initial 130 ships failed to return . As Martin and Parker explain , `` Philip II attempted to invade England , but his plans miscarried . This was due to his own mismanagement , including appointing an aristocrat without naval experience as commander of the Armada , unfortunate weather , and the opposition of the English and their Dutch allies including the use of fire-ships sailed into the anchored Armada . '' The expedition was the largest engagement of the undeclared Anglo-Spanish War ( 1585–1604 ) . The following year , England organised a similar large-scale campaign against Spain , the English Armada , sometimes called the `` counter-Armada of 1589 '' .

organised

England

England

England

England

England

England

England

English Armada

against Spain

attack

English

Armada

invaded

Parma 's soldiers

other soldiers carried in ships of the Armada

England

England

England

England

England

England

England

attack

English fireship

Armada

blockaded

Dutch

Parma

harbour

carried

Armada

soldiers

storms

Armada

Scotland

Scotland

Ireland

Ireland

wrecked

A large number of ships

coasts of Scotland and Ireland

more than a third of the initial 130 ships failed to return

made

Philip

commander

caused

English

Dutch

harm

changed

wind

meet

Medina Sidonia

Medina Sidonia

Parma

Netherlands

England could be invaded by Parma 's soldiers and other soldiers carried in ships of the Armada

anchored

Armada

Solent

anchored

Armada

Calais

captured

Francis Drake

a Spanish ship

English Channel

command

Medina Sidonia

Medina Sidonia

The Spanish Armada

occupied

Armada

Isle of Wight

damaged

Spanish fleet

Gravelines

damaged

English guns

Armada

scattered

Armada

abandoned

Armada

rendezvous with Parma 's army

English fireship night attack

interfered

English

Dutch

Spanish interests in the Americas

disrupted

storms

Armada

explain

Martin

Parker

Philip II attempted to invade England , but his plans miscarried

This was due to his own mismanagement , including appointing an aristocrat without naval experience as commander of the Armada , unfortunate weather , and the opposition of the English and their Dutch allies including the use of fire-ships sailed into the anchored Armada

sailed

English

Plymouth

the south coast of England

Armada

sailed

The Spanish Armada

Corunna

England

England

England

England

England

England

England

expedition

Armada

driven

Armada

north

return

ships

Spain

Spain

running

Spanish fleet

sailed

English ships

Plymouth

south coast of England

called

English Armada

counter-Armada of 1589

escorting

The Spanish Armada

army

Flanders

England

England

England

England

England

England

England

invade England

enabling

English ships

English ships

stop

army

harm caused by English and Dutch privateering ships

withdrew

Armada

north

use

Philip

fire-ships

sailed into the anchored Armada


Input: At approximately 11 pm local time , 13 April 2010 , a severe storm struck parts of Bangladesh and eastern India . It lasted about 90 minutes , with the most intense portion spanning 30–40 minutes . As of 16 April , more than 140 deaths have been reported . At least 91 people died in the Indian state of Bihar , 44 in West Bengal , and 4 in Assam . In Bangladesh , five deaths and two hundred injuries were reported . Most of the deaths were women and children crushed when their huts were destroyed . over 91,000 dwellings were destroyed in india and several thousand in bangladesh ; approximately 300,000 dwellings were at least partially damaged . Both mud and pucca housing was damaged by the storm . Nearly 500,000 people were left homeless or otherwise affected by the storm .

struck

a severe storm

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

more than 140 deaths have been reported

approximately 300,000 dwellings were at least partially damaged

Nearly 500,000 people were left homeless or otherwise affected by the storm

crushed

a severe storm

women and children

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

injuries

a severe storm

two hundred

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

storm

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

more than 140 deaths have been reported

Nearly 500,000 people were left homeless or otherwise affected by the storm

approximately 300,000 dwellings were at least partially damaged

storm

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

more than 140 deaths have been reported

Nearly 500,000 people were left homeless or otherwise affected by the storm

approximately 300,000 dwellings were at least partially damaged

storm

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

more than 140 deaths have been reported

Nearly 500,000 people were left homeless or otherwise affected by the storm

approximately 300,000 dwellings were at least partially damaged

spanning

the most intense portion

damaged

a severe storm

300,000 dwellings

300,000 dwellings were at least partially damaged

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

damaged

a severe storm

mud and pucca housing

approximately 300,000 dwellings were at least partially damaged

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

died

At least 91 people

a severe storm

Indian state of Bihar

deaths

more than 140 deaths

a severe storm

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

crushed when their huts were destroyed

deaths

more than 140

a severe storm

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

deaths

five

a severe storm

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

destroyed

a severe storm

over 91,000 dwellings

over 91,000 dwellings were destroyed

eastern India

destroyed

a severe storm

their huts

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

affected

a severe storm

Nearly 500,000 people

lasted

a severe storm

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

reported

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

five deaths and two hundred injuries

reported

Bangladesh

Bangladesh

bangladesh

eastern India

more than 140 deaths


Input: The Dutch–Venezuelan crisis of 1908 was a dispute that broke out between the Netherlands and Venezuela after the Venezuelan president , Cipriano Castro , cut off trade with the Dutch island of Curaçao on the grounds that it was harbouring political refugees from Venezuela . Venezuela expelled the Dutch ambassador , prompting a Dutch dispatch of three warships : , , and . The Dutch warships had orders to intercept every ship that was sailing under the Venezuelan flag . On 12 December , `` Gelderland '' captured the Venezuelan coast guard ship `` Alix '' off Puerto Cabello . She and another ship , `` 23 de Mayo '' , were interned in harbor of Willemstad . With their overwhelming naval superiority , the Dutch enforced a blockade on Venezuela 's ports . A few days later , President Castro left for Berlin , nominally for a surgical operation . In his absence , Vice President Juan Vicente Gómez with the support of the U.S. Navy seized power in Caracas , and on 19 December 1908 , installed Gómez himself as de facto president , and ended the war with the Netherlands .

orders

Netherlands

Netherlands

three warships

intercept every ship that was sailing under the Venezuelan flag

interned

Netherlands

Netherlands

Alix

23 de Mayo

Willemstad

Venezuela expelled the Dutch ambassador

blockade

Netherlands

Netherlands

Venezuela

on Venezuela 's ports

prompting

Venezuela expelled the Dutch ambassador

a Dutch dispatch of three warships

installed

Gómez

himself

Juan Vicente Gómez

Gómez

himself

Juan Vicente Gómez

Castro

Cipriano Castro

President

President

Venezuela

captured

Gelderland

Alix

off Puerto Cabello

The Dutch–Venezuelan crisis

left

Castro

Cipriano Castro

Venezuela

Berlin

cut off

Castro

Cipriano Castro

trade with the Dutch island of Curaçao

seized

sailing

every ship

intercept

three warships

every ship that was sailing under the Venezuelan flag

ended

Gómez

himself

Juan Vicente Gómez

The Dutch–Venezuelan crisis

Venezuela

broke out

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuela

The Dutch–Venezuelan crisis of 1908

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuela

cut off trade with the Dutch island of Curaçao on the grounds that it was harbouring political refugees from Venezuela

crisis

Netherlands

Netherlands

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuela

cut off trade with the Dutch island of Curaçao on the grounds that it was harbouring political refugees from Venezuela

dispute

Netherlands

Netherlands

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuela

cut off trade with the Dutch island of Curaçao on the grounds that it was harbouring political refugees from Venezuela

war

Netherlands

Netherlands

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuelan

Venezuelan

Venezuela

Venezuela

cut off trade with the Dutch island of Curaçao on the grounds that it was harbouring political refugees from Venezuela

expelled

Venezuela

the Dutch ambassador

Venezuela

Netherlands

Netherlands

prompting a Dutch dispatch of three warships

dispatch

Netherlands

Netherlands

three warships

Netherlands

Netherlands

Venezuela

support

the U.S. Navy

Gómez

himself

Juan Vicente Gómez

Caracas

seized power


Input: The Hudson Bay expedition of Jean-François de Galaup , comte de La Pérouse was a series of military raids on the lucrative fur trading posts and fortifications of the Hudson 's Bay Company on the shores of Hudson Bay by a squadron of the French Royal Navy . Setting sail from Cap-Français in 1782 , the expedition was part of a global naval war between France and Great Britain during the American Revolutionary War . Operating under secret orders from the Marquis de Castries , France 's marine minister , La Pérouse sailed from Cap-Français in May 1782 , and arrived at the Prince of Wales Fort in early August . That fort and York Factory trading post both surrendered without a fight , although some of the furs stored at York were spirited away by a company ship that evaded the French fleet . Many of the British prisoners were put on a sloop and allowed to sail back to England . Men on La Pérouse 's fleet , which had sailed with minimal winter provisioning to maintain secrecy , suffered hardships including scurvy and other diseases . Hudson 's Bay Company finances suffered because of the raid , which also contributed to reductions in the native population that did business with the company .

arrived at

La Pérouse

Jean-François de Galaup , comte de La Pérouse

La Pérouse

Prince of Wales Fort

expedition

raids

expedition

raid

Operating

La Pérouse

Jean-François de Galaup , comte de La Pérouse

La Pérouse

Marquis de Castries

Cap-Français

Cap-Français

Prince of Wales Fort

suffered

scurvy

other diseases

Men on La Pérouse 's fleet

suffered

the raid

Hudson 's Bay Company finances

Hudson Bay

Hudson Bay

hardships

Men on La Pérouse 's fleet

scurvy

other diseases

hardships including scurvy and other diseases

trading

Hudson 's Bay Company

fur

war

France

Great Britain

sail

The Hudson Bay expedition of Jean-François de Galaup , comte de La Pérouse

Cap-Français

Cap-Français

Prince of Wales Fort

sailed

La Pérouse

Jean-François de Galaup , comte de La Pérouse

La Pérouse

Cap-Français

Cap-Français

Prince of Wales Fort

sail

Many of the British prisoners

England

sailed

Men on La Pérouse 's fleet

Cap-Français

Cap-Français

Prince of Wales Fort

put on

Many of the British prisoners

a sloop

stored

some of the furs

York

allowed

Many of the British prisoners

Setting

The Hudson Bay expedition of Jean-François de Galaup , comte de La Pérouse

Cap-Français

Cap-Français

surrendered

Prince of Wales Fort

York Factory trading post

The Hudson Bay expedition of Jean-François de Galaup , comte de La Pérouse


Input: The Capture of Muscat occurred in 1552 , when an Ottoman fleet under Piri Reis attacked Old Muscat , in modern Oman , and plundered the town from the Portuguese . These events followed the important Ottoman defeat in the Second Siege of Diu in 1546 , which put a stop to their attempts in India , but also the successful Capture of Aden ( 1548 ) , which allowed the Ottomans to resist the Portuguese in the northwestern part of the Indian Ocean . The city , before then a possession of the King of Hormuz , had been in Portuguese hands since 1507 , when a Portuguese fleet under Afonso de Albuquerque attacked the city , destroyed it , and then came back soon after to occupy it . The Ottomans attempted to intervene against the Portuguese presence , and four Ottoman ships bombarded the city in 1546 . The city was again attacked by the Ottomans in 1552 with a larger fleet under Piri Reis and Seydi Ali Reis . The ultimate objective was to seize the islands of Hormuz and Bahrain , in order to block Portuguese access to the Persian Gulf and thus reestablish Ottoman control of the Indian Ocean Trade . The Ottoman force consisted in 4 galleons , 25 galleys , and 850 troops ( according to Diogo do Couto , the Ottomans had 15 galleys and 1200 troops ) . The recently built Fort Al-Mirani was besieged for 18 days with one piece of Ottoman artillery brought on top of a ridge . Lacking food and water , the 60 Portuguese garrison and its commander , João de Lisboa , agreed to surrender , only to be taken as captives . The fort was captured and its fortifications destroyed . Soon however the Ottomans departed . Ultimately , they managed to occupy and control the coasts of Yemen , Aden and Arabia , as far north as Basra , so as to facilitate their trade with India and block the Portuguese from attacking the Hijaz . The Ottomans again attacked the Portuguese possessions of the coast of India in 1553 , with a raid on the Pearl Fishery Coast of South India around Tuticorin . They were assisted by the Marakkar Muslims of Malabar , and had the tacit agreement of Vittula Nayak of Madurai . 52 Portuguese were captured at Punnaikayal , and churches were burnt down . The Ottomans failed however in 1553 against a Portuguese fleet at sea near al-Fahl . Seydi Ali Reis and his galleys would be attacked in an ambush by Portuguese forces while he was trying to bring back his float from Basra to Suez in August 1554 . Three Ottoman galleys would again occupy Muscat in 1581 , letting the population escape , before the city again fell to the Portuguese in 1588 .

agreed

the 60 Portuguese garrison and its commander , João de Lisboa

to surrender

Fort Al-Mirani

to be taken as captives

agreed

agreement

Vittula Nayak of Madurai

The Ottomans

52 Portuguese were captured at Punnaikayal , and churches were burnt down

tacit agreement

captured

The Ottomans

52 Portuguese

Punnaikayal

came back

a Portuguese fleet under Afonso de Albuquerque

Muscat

Muscat

assisted

the Marakkar Muslims of Malabar

The Ottomans

attacked

an Ottoman fleet under Piri Reis

Old Muscat

Muscat

Muscat

plundered the town from the Portuguese

attacked

a Portuguese fleet under Afonso de Albuquerque

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Muscat

Muscat

destroyed it , and then came back soon after to occupy it

bombarded

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Muscat

Muscat

attacked

the Ottomans

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Muscat

Muscat

The fort was captured and its fortifications destroyed

attacked

Portuguese forces

Seydi Ali Reis and his galleys

from Basra to Suez

attacked

The Ottomans

the Portuguese possessions of the coast of India

the Pearl Fishery Coast of South India around Tuticorin

besieged

the Ottomans

Fort Al-Mirani

Muscat

Muscat

bring

Seydi Ali Reis

Seydi Ali Reis

he

his float

Suez

built

Fort Al-Mirani

Muscat

Muscat

facilitate

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

their trade with India

to occupy and control the coasts of Yemen , Aden and Arabia , as far north as Basra

occurred

The Capture of Muscat

Muscat

Muscat

defeat

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Diu

the Second Siege of Diu in 1546

taken

the Ottomans

the 60 Portuguese garrison and its commander , João de Lisboa

Fort Al-Mirani

captured

the Ottomans

Portuguese

Fort Al-Mirani

control

the Ottomans

the coasts of Yemen , Aden and Arabia , as far north as Basra

occupy

a Portuguese fleet under Afonso de Albuquerque

Muscat

Muscat

occupy

the Ottomans

the coasts of Yemen , Aden and Arabia , as far north as Basra

occupy

Three Ottoman galleys

Muscat

Muscat

resist

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

northwestern part of the Indian Ocean

departed

the Ottomans

Muscat

Muscat

destroyed

the Ottomans

its fortifications

Fort Al-Mirani

destroyed

a Portuguese fleet under Afonso de Albuquerque

the city

Muscat

Muscat

block

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

Ottoman

the Portuguese from attacking the Hijaz

intervene

The Ottomans

the Portuguese presence

put

the Second Siege of Diu in 1546

a stop

India

allowed

the Ottomans to resist the Portuguese in the northwestern part of the Indian Ocean

the successful Capture of Aden ( 1548 )

reestablish

a larger fleet under Piri Reis and Seydi Ali Reis

Ottoman control of the Indian Ocean Trade

Indian Ocean

Indian Ocean

escape

the population

Muscat

Muscat

plundered

an Ottoman fleet under Piri Reis

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Portuguese

Old Muscat

the town

surrender

the 60 Portuguese garrison and its commander , João de Lisboa

the Ottomans

Fort Al-Mirani


Input: The 2014 Inter-Provincial Trophy is the second season of the Inter-Provincial Trophy , the domestic Twenty20 cricket competition of Ireland . The competition is played between Leinster Lightning , Northern Knights and North-West Warriors . The North-West Warriors won the 2014 competition , winning by three points from Leinster Lightning . The final days matches , scheduled for Pembroke CC in Dublin , were abandoned due to bad weather , meaning that the Warriors maintained their lead at the top of the table . The player of the tournament was David Rankin of the North-West Warriors . The Inter-Provincial Series has been funded at least partly by the ICC via their TAPP programme .

scheduled

The final days matches

competition

The North-West Warriors

Leinster Lightning

Leinster Lightning

Northern Knights

North-West Warriors

cricket

The 2014 Inter-Provincial Trophy

Ireland

three points

competition

The North-West Warriors

Leinster Lightning

Leinster Lightning

Northern Knights

North-West Warriors

cricket

The 2014 Inter-Provincial Trophy

Ireland

three points

competition

The North-West Warriors

Leinster Lightning

Leinster Lightning

Northern Knights

North-West Warriors

cricket

The 2014 Inter-Provincial Trophy

Ireland

three points

tournament

The North-West Warriors

Leinster Lightning

Leinster Lightning

Northern Knights

North-West Warriors

cricket

The 2014 Inter-Provincial Trophy

Ireland

three points

played

North-West Warriors

Leinster Lightning

Leinster Lightning

Northern Knights

North-West Warriors

cricket

The 2014 Inter-Provincial Trophy

Ireland

three points

winning

The North-West Warriors

Leinster Lightning

three points

Ireland

abandoned

The final days matches

bad weather

maintained

the Warriors

their lead at the top of the table

funded

ICC

The Inter-Provincial Series


Input: Moomba ( also known as the Moomba Festival ) is held annually in Melbourne , Australia . Run by the City of Melbourne , it is Australia 's largest free community festival . The Melbournian tradition is celebrated over four days , incorporating the Labour Day long weekend , from Friday to the second Monday in March . Moomba is culturally important to Melbourne , having been celebrated since 1955 , and regularly attracts up to a million people , with a record attendance of 3.8 million ( 2.3 million tourists ) set in 2018 . In 2003 , the event was renamed `` Melbourne Moomba Waterfest '' and is centred on the Yarra River . Traditional events include the Moomba parade , crowning of Moomba monarchs , fireworks displays , carnivals in the gardens along the river , river activities including watersports , water floats and the birdman rally , as well as live music and bands .

held

the City of Melbourne

Melbourne

Melbourne

Moomba

attracts

Moomba

a million people

renamed

the event

Melbourne Moomba Waterfest

Moomba

centred

Moomba

Yarra River

celebrated

the City of Melbourne

a million people

Moomba

Melbourne

Melbourne

celebrated

the City of Melbourne

a million people

Moomba

Melbourne

Melbourne


Input: The Reality Tour is the second concert tour by American recording artist Jessica Simpson . Predominately visiting the United States , the tour supported Simpson 's third studio album , `` In This Skin '' . According to the singer , the title derives from her recent success on the reality TV series , `` '' , while showcasing her music on a natural level . The excursion began in New Orleans in June . It traveled the country over the next two months , visiting over 30 cities , ending August 1 in Paso Robles . Despite early reports of poor ticket sales , Simpson 's tour became one of the biggest summer tours in North America , prompting the singer to add an additional leg for the U.S. Eleven concerts were planned for September and October . To date , the tour serves as Simpson 's last major concert tour . The tour ranked 87th on Pollstar 's `` Top 100 Tours 2004 '' , earning over seven million dollars .

success

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

planned

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Reality Tour

became

Reality Tour

one of the biggest summer tours

North America

prompting

Simpson 's tour became one of the biggest summer tours in North America

the singer to add an additional leg for the U.S. Eleven concerts were planned for September and October

add

an additional leg for the U.S. Eleven concerts were planned for September and October

Simpson 's tour became one of the biggest summer tours in North America

United States

North America

U.S.

derives

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

the title

United States

North America

U.S.

her recent success on the reality TV series , `` '' , while showcasing her music on a natural level

earning

Reality Tour

over seven million dollars

ranked

Reality Tour

87th on Pollstar 's `` Top 100 Tours 2004 ''

ending

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Reality Tour

Paso Robles

began

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

excursion

New Orleans

reports

poor ticket sales

showcasing

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

music

on the reality TV series

concerts

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Reality Tour

United States

North America

U.S.

supported

Reality Tour

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

United States

North America

U.S.

In This Skin

tour

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

United States

North America

U.S.

excursion

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

United States

North America

U.S.

tour

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

United States

North America

U.S.

tour

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

United States

North America

U.S.

visiting

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

United States

North America

U.S.

visiting

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

United States

North America

U.S.

traveled

Jessica Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

Simpson

United States

North America

U.S.


Input: The Great North Run ( branded the Simplyhealth Great North Run for sponsorship purposes ) is the largest half marathon in the world , taking place annually in North East England each September . Participants run between Newcastle upon Tyne and South Shields . The run was devised by former Olympic 10,000 m bronze medallist and BBC Sport commentator Brendan Foster . The first Great North Run was staged on 28 June 1981 , when 12,000 runners participated . By 2011 , the number of participants had risen to 54,000 . For the first year it was advertised as a local fun run ; nearly thirty years on it has become one of the biggest running events in the world , and the biggest in the UK . Only the Great Manchester Run and London Marathon come close to attracting similar numbers of athletes each year . The 1992 edition of the race incorporated the 1st IAAF World Half Marathon Championships . The event also has junior and mini races attached with these being run the Saturday before the main race on the Newcastle Quayside . Martin Mathathi holds the current men 's course record with his run of 58:56 in 2011 . In 2019 , Brigid Kosgei 's women 's course record of 64:28 bettered the previous mark by over a minute and was also the fastest ever half marathon by a woman ; however , the course was not eligible for records . That same year , Mo Farah won a record sixth consecutive men 's Great North Run .

become

The Great North Run

one of the biggest running events in the world

world

risen

participants

number

North East England

incorporated

The Great North Run

IAAF World Half Marathon Championships

bettered

Brigid Kosgei

women 's course record

North East England

advertised

devised

Brendan Foster

The Great North Run

North East England

holds

Martin Mathathi

North East England

The Great North Run

his run of 58:56

run

Participants

Newcastle

South Shields


Input: The Vukovar massacre , also known as the Vukovar hospital massacre or the Ovčara massacre , was the killing of Croatian prisoners of war and civilians by Serb paramilitaries , to whom they had been turned over by the Yugoslav People 's Army ( JNA ) , at the Ovčara farm southeast of Vukovar on 20 November 1991 , during the Croatian War of Independence . The massacre occurred shortly after Vukovar 's capture by the JNA , Territorial Defence ( TO ) , and paramilitaries from neighbouring Serbia . It was the largest massacre of the war and the worst war crime in Europe since World War II up until that point . in the final days of the battle , the evacuation of the vukovar hospital was negotiated between croatian authorities , the jna and the european community monitor mission in cooperation with the international committee of the red cross ( icrc ) . The JNA subsequently refused the ICRC access to the hospital despite the agreement and removed approximately 300 people from its premises . The group , largely consisting of Croats but also including Serbs , Hungarians , Muslims and two foreign nationals who fought on the side of the Croatian National Guard , was initially transported to the JNA barracks in Vukovar . Several prisoners were identified as hospital staff and removed from the group to be returned to the hospital while the rest of them were transported to the Ovčara farm south of Vukovar . Once at the farm , the prisoners were beaten for several hours before the JNA pulled its troops from the site , leaving the prisoners in the custody of the Croatian Serb TO and Serbian paramilitaries . The prisoners were then taken to a prepared site , shot in groups of ten to twenty and buried in a mass grave . The mass grave was discovered in October 1992 and guarded by the United Nations Protection Force which had deployed to the area earlier that year . In 1996 , 200 sets of remains were exhumed from the grave by International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia ( ICTY ) investigators . Croatia believes 61 others were buried in a different grave on the site , while ICTY prosecutors believe that figure stands at 60 . The ICTY convicted two JNA officers in connection with the massacre , and also tried former Serbian President Slobodan Milošević for a number of war crimes , including those committed at Vukovar . Milošević died in prison before his trial could be completed . Several former members of the Croatian Serb TO and Serbian paramilitary units have been tried by the Serbian judiciary and convicted for their involvement in the massacre . In February 2015 , the International Court of Justice ruled that the siege , massacre and simultaneous atrocities committed elsewhere in Croatia did not constitute genocide . The site of the mass grave is marked by a monument and the storage building used at Ovčara farm to hold the prisoners in captivity before their execution was rebuilt as a memorial centre in 2006 . By July 2014 , the centre had been visited by about 500,000 tourists .

refused

JNA

JNA

JNA

JNA

JNA

ICRC access to the hospital

deployed

United Nations Protection Force

returned

Several prisoners

Vukovar hospital

hospital

beaten

Croatian Serb TO

Serbian paramilitaries

prisoners

Ovčara farm

rebuilt

storage building

Ovčara farm

as a memorial centre

occurred

The Vukovar massacre

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

committed

elsewhere in Croatia

massacre

siege

simultaneous atrocities

crime

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

massacre

negotiated

croatian authorities

JNA

JNA

JNA

JNA

JNA

european community monitor mission

evacuation of the vukovar hospital

taken

ruled

International Court of Justice

leaving

hold

massacre

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

shot in groups of ten to twenty

massacre

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

shot in groups of ten to twenty

massacre

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

shot in groups of ten to twenty

massacre

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

shot in groups of ten to twenty

massacre

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

shot in groups of ten to twenty

massacre

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

shot in groups of ten to twenty

massacre

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

shot in groups of ten to twenty

massacre

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

shot in groups of ten to twenty

killing

Serb paramilitaries

Croatian prisoners of war and civilians

Vukovar

Vukovar

Vukovar

shot in groups of ten to twenty

believe

ICTY prosecutors

figure stands at 60

discovered

a mass grave

Ovčara farm

convicted

Serbian judiciary

Several former members of the Croatian Serb TO and Serbian paramilitary units

their involvement in the massacre

convicted

ICTY

ICTY

ICTY

two JNA officers

connection with the massacre

war

pulled

JNA

JNA

JNA

JNA

JNA

Ovčara farm

guarded

United Nations Protection Force

a mass grave

Ovčara farm

buried

Serbian paramilitaries

Croatian Serb TO

prisoners

a mass grave

buried

believes 61 others

a different grave on the site

completed

his trial

fought

marked

removed

JNA

JNA

JNA

JNA

JNA

approximately 300 people

its premises

removed

Several prisoners

the group

returned to the hospital

transported

its premises

Ovčara farm

transported

its premises

JNA barracks

visited

about 500,000 tourists

the centre

shot

Serbian paramilitaries

Croatian Serb TO

prisoners

Ovčara farm

used

Croatian Serb TO

Serbian paramilitaries

storage building

Ovčara farm

hold the prisoners in captivity

identified

Several prisoners

hospital staff


Input: The CMLL International Gran Prix is an annual tournament held by the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre ( CMLL ) , that was held from 1994 to 2008 , although there was no tournament in 1999 , 2000 , 2001 and 2004 . The tournament was inspired by New Japan Pro Wrestling 's `` International Wrestling Gran Prix '' tournament in the 1980s . From 1994 until 1998 the Gran Prix was a single elimination tournament that featured a mixture of Mexican and international wrestlers , some who worked for CMLL regularly and some that were invited specifically for the tournament . From 2002 and on the format was changed to a `` torneo cibernetico '' , a 16-man match with one side representing Mexico and the other side being composed of `` international '' wrestlers . Three people have won the Gran Prix twice , Rayo de Jalisco Jr. , Último Guerrero and Volador Jr.. The most recent Gran Prix was in 2019 where wrestlers from the United States and Puerto Rico participated on the `` International '' side . Volador Jr. defeated Negro Casas to win the Gran Prix .

changed

CMLL

The CMLL International Gran Prix

Mexico

a single elimination tournament

a `` torneo cibernetico ''

tournament

one side representing Mexico

the other side being composed of `` international '' wrestlers

wrestling

The CMLL International Gran Prix

Mexico

the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre

match

one side representing Mexico

the other side being composed of `` international '' wrestlers

wrestling

The CMLL International Gran Prix

Mexico

the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre

tournament

the other side being composed of `` international '' wrestlers

one side representing Mexico

wrestling

The CMLL International Gran Prix

Mexico

the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre

tournament

the other side being composed of `` international '' wrestlers

one side representing Mexico

wrestling

The CMLL International Gran Prix

Mexico

the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre

tournament

the other side being composed of `` international '' wrestlers

one side representing Mexico

wrestling

The CMLL International Gran Prix

Mexico

the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre

tournament

the other side being composed of `` international '' wrestlers

one side representing Mexico

wrestling

The CMLL International Gran Prix

Mexico

the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre

tournament

Wrestling

International Wrestling Gran Prix

Japan

Japan

defeated

Volador Jr..

Volador Jr.

Negro Casas

Mexico

The CMLL International Gran Prix

worked

CMLL

wrestlers

win

Volador Jr..

Volador Jr.

Negro Casas

Mexico

the Gran Prix

held

the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre

Mexico

The CMLL International Gran Prix

held

the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre

Mexico

The CMLL International Gran Prix

inspired

International Wrestling Gran Prix

The CMLL International Gran Prix

participated

wrestlers from the United States and Puerto Rico

the other side being composed of `` international '' wrestlers

Mexico

elimination

invited

wrestlers

for the tournament


Input: British nuclear tests at Maralinga occurred between 1956 and 1963 at the Maralinga site , part of the Woomera Prohibited Area in South Australia and about 800 kilometres north-west of Adelaide . A total of seven nuclear tests were performed , with approximate yields ranging from . Two major test series were conducted at the Maralinga site : `` Operation Buffalo '' and `` Operation Antler '' . The site was also used for hundreds of minor trials , many of which were intended to investigate the effects of fire or non-nuclear explosions on atomic weapons . The site was contaminated with radioactive materials and an initial cleanup was attempted in 1967 . the mcclelland royal commission , an examination of the effects of the tests , delivered its report in 1985 , and found that significant radiation hazards still existed at many of the maralinga test areas . It recommended another cleanup , which was completed in 2000 at a cost of $ 108 million . Debate continued over the safety of the site and the long-term health effects on the traditional Aboriginal custodians of the land and former personnel . In 1994 , the Australian Government paid compensation amounting to $ 13.5 million to the local Maralinga Tjarutja people . The Maralinga tests were subject to extreme secrecy , but by the late 1970s there was a marked change in how the Australian media covered the British nuclear tests . Some journalists investigated the subject and political scrutiny became more intense . Journalist Brian Toohey ran a series of stories in the `` Australian Financial Review '' in October 1978 , based in part on a leaked Cabinet submission . In June 1993 , `` New Scientist '' journalist Ian Anderson wrote an article titled `` Britain 's dirty deeds at Maralinga '' and several related articles . In 2007 , `` '' by Alan Parkinson documented the unsuccessful clean-up at Maralinga . Popular songs about the Maralinga story have been written by Paul Kelly , Midnight Oil , Anderson , Bruford , Wakeman , Howe and Alistair Hulett .

conducted

British

British

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Operation Buffalo

Operation Antler

performed

British

British

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

A total of seven nuclear

ran

Brian Toohey

Australia

based in part on a leaked Cabinet submission

a series of stories in the `` Australian Financial Review '' in October 1978

change

the Australian media

Australia

covered the British nuclear tests

paid

Australian Government

the local Maralinga Tjarutja people

compensation amounting to $ 13.5 million

cost

British

British

another cleanup

$ 108 million

investigated

Some journalists

British

British

British nuclear tests

contaminated

British

British

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

cleanup

British

British

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

cleanup

British

British

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

effects

nuclear tests

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

effects

British nuclear tests

the traditional Aboriginal custodians of the land and former personnel

effects

fire

non-nuclear explosions

atomic weapons

investigate

British

British

fire

non-nuclear explosions on atomic weapons

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

effects

examination

the mcclelland royal commission

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

the effects of the tests

scrutiny

British nuclear tests at Maralinga

Australia

found

the mcclelland royal commission

that significant radiation hazards still existed at many of the maralinga test areas

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

titled

Ian Anderson

an article

Britain 's dirty deeds at Maralinga

covered the British nuclear tests

occurred

British nuclear tests

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

existed

significant radiation hazards

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

completed

British

British

another cleanup

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Debate

the safety of the site

the long-term health effects on the traditional Aboriginal custodians of the land and former personnel

report

the mcclelland royal commission

test

British

British

nuclear tests

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

delivered

the mcclelland royal commission

recommended

the mcclelland royal commission

British

British

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

another cleanup

completed in 2000 at a cost of $ 108 million

tests

British

nuclear

Maralinga

tests

British

nuclear

Maralinga

tests

British

nuclear

Maralinga

tests

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nuclear

Maralinga

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British

nuclear

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

trials

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British

nuclear

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

investigate the effects of fire or non-nuclear explosions on atomic weapons

tests

British

British

nuclear

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

explosions

British

British

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

investigate

used

British

British

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

Maralinga

hundreds of minor trials

written

wrote

Ian Anderson

Britain 's dirty deeds at Maralinga

British nuclear tests at Maralinga


Input: the sabra and shatila massacre ( also known as the sabra and chatila massacre ) was the killing of between 460 and 3,500 civilians , mostly palestinians and lebanese shiites , by a militia close to the kataeb party , also called phalange , a predominantly christian lebanese right-wing party in the sabra neighborhood and the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon . From approximately 18:00 on 16 September to 08:00 on 18 September 1982 , a widespread massacre was carried out by the militia under the eyes of their Israeli allies . The Phalanges , allies to the Israeli Defence Forces ( IDF ) , were ordered by the IDF to clear out Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO ) fighters from Sabra and Shatila , as part of the IDF maneuvering into West Beirut . The IDF received reports of some of the Phalanges atrocities in Sabra and Shatila but failed to take any action to prevent or stop the massacre . the massacre was presented as retaliation for the assassination of newly elected lebanese president bachir gemayel , the leader of the lebanese kataeb party . It was wrongly assumed by the Phalangists that Palestinian militants had carried out the assassination . in june 1982 , the israel defense forces had invaded lebanon with the intention of rooting out the plo . by mid-1982 , under the supervision of the multinational force , the plo withdrew from lebanon following weeks of battles in west beirut and shortly before the massacre took place . Various forces — Israeli , Phalangists and possibly also the South Lebanon Army ( SLA ) — were in the vicinity of Sabra and Shatila at the time of the slaughter , taking advantage of the fact that the Multinational Force had removed barracks and mines that had encircled Beirut 's predominantly Muslim neighborhoods and kept the Israelis at bay during the Beirut siege . The Israeli advance over West Beirut in the wake of the PLO withdrawal , which enabled the Phalangist raid , was considered a violation of the ceasefire agreement between the various forces . The Israeli Army surrounded Sabra and Shatila and stationed troops at the exits of the area to prevent camp residents from leaving and , at the Phalangists ' request , fired illuminating flares at night . According to Alain Menargues , the direct perpetrators of the killings were the `` Young Men '' , a gang recruited by Elie Hobeika , a prominent figure in the Phalanges , the Lebanese Forces intelligence chief and liaison officer with Mossad , from men who had been expelled from the Lebanese Forces for insubordination or criminal activities . The killings are widely believed to have taken place under Hobeika 's direct orders . Hobeika 's family and fiancée had been murdered by Palestinian militiamen , and their Lebanese allies , at the Damour massacre of 1976 , itself a response to the 1976 Karantina massacre of Palestinians and Lebanese Muslims at the hands of Christian militants . Hobeika later became a long-serving Member of the Parliament of Lebanon and served in several ministerial roles . Other Phalangist commanders involved were Joseph Edde from South Lebanon , Dib Anasta , head of the Phalangist Military Police , Michael Zouein , and Maroun Mischalani from East Beirut . In all 300–400 militiamen were involved , including some from Sa'ad Haddad 's South Lebanon Army . in 1983 , a commission chaired by UNK macbride , the assistant to the un secretary general and president of united nations general assembly at the time , concluded that israel , as the camp 's occupying power , bore responsibility for the violence . The commission also concluded that the massacre was a form of genocide . in 1983 , the israeli kahan commission , appointed to investigate the incident , found that israeli military personnel , aware that a massacre was in progress , had failed to take serious steps to stop it . the commission deemed israel indirectly responsible , and ariel sharon , then defense minister , bore personal responsibility `` for ignoring the danger of bloodshed and revenge '' , forcing him to resign .

withdrawal

PLO

Palestine Liberation Organization

PLO

Beirut

carried out

phalange

civilians

in the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

carried out

that Palestinian militants

assassination

taking

Israeli

Phalangists

Phalangist

Phalangists

Phalanges

South Lebanon Army

SLA

in the vicinity of Sabra

Shatila

advantage of

invaded

Israeli Defence Forces

IDF

IDF

IDF

IDF

lebanon

lebanon

the plo withdrew from lebanon

raid

phalange

civilians

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

became

Hobeika

a long-serving Member of the Parliament of Lebanon

Lebanon

elected

bachir gemayel

president

lebanon

resign

ariel sharon

israel

assumed

phalange

assassination

deemed

the israeli kahan commission

israel

indirectly responsible

investigate

the israeli kahan commission

the sabra and shatila massacre

concluded

a commission chaired by UNK macbride

the massacre was a form of genocide

concluded

a commission chaired by UNK macbride

israel , as the camp 's occupying power , bore responsibility for the violence

leaving

camp residents

Sabra

Shatila

killing

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

in the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

killings

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

in the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

killings

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

in the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

massacre

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

massacre

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

massacre

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

massacre

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

massacre

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

massacre

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

massacre

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

massacre

Christian militants

Palestinians

Lebanese Muslims

Karantina

massacre

phalange

between 460 and 3,500 civilians

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

massacre

murdered

Palestinian militiamen

Lebanese allies

Hobeika 's family

fiancée

Damour

massacre

Palestinian militiamen

Lebanese allies

Damour

found

, the israeli kahan commission

israeli military personnel , aware that a massacre was in progress , had failed to take serious steps to stop it

israel

aware

the israeli kahan commission

a massacre was in progress

battles

Israeli Defence Forces

IDF

IDF

IDF

IDF

PLO

Palestine Liberation Organization

PLO

lebanon

stationed

Israeli Army

the exits of the area

involved

Joseph Edde

Dib Anasta

Michael Zouein

Maroun Mischalani

Hobeika

the sabra and shatila massacre

in the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

involved

300–400 militiamen

the sabra and shatila massacre

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

presented

massacre

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

prevent

Israeli Defence Forces

IDF

IDF

IDF

IDF

phalange

massacre

stop

Israeli Defence Forces

IDF

IDF

IDF

IDF

phalange

massacre

enabled

Israeli

phalange

raid

prevent

Israeli Army

camp residents

leaving

stop

israeli military personnel

the sabra and shatila massacre

took place

massacre

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

taken place

massacre

the sabra neighborhood

the adjacent shatila refugee camp in beirut , lebanon

received

Israeli Defence Forces

IDF

IDF

IDF

IDF

phalange

reports of some of the Phalanges atrocities in Sabra and Shatila

removed

the Multinational Force

barracks

mines

Beirut 's predominantly Muslim neighborhoods

Beirut

expelled

men

men

Lebanese Forces

lebanon

ordered

Israeli Defence Forces

IDF

IDF

IDF

IDF

phalange

clear out Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO ) fighters from Sabra and Shatila

request

phalange

Israeli Army

fired illuminating flares

forcing

ariel sharon

resign

response

the Damour massacre of 1976

the 1976 Karantina massacre

withdrew

PLO

Palestine Liberation Organization

PLO

lebanon

surrounded

Israeli Army

Sabra

Shatila

Sabra

Shatila

kept

Israeli

Israeli

Israelis

Israeli

israel

israel

israeli

bay

fired


Input: The 2004 Iranian seizure of Royal Navy personnel took place in the Shatt al-Arab ( Arvand Rud in Persian ) waterway on 21 June . Six Royal Marines and two Royal Navy sailors were captured . The British servicemen were seized while training Iraqi river patrol personnel after Iran said they had strayed to the Iranian side of the waterway . They were threatened with legal action initially but released three days later following diplomatic discussions between Jack Straw , then British Foreign Secretary , and Kamal Kharazi , then Iranian Minister of Foreign Affairs . The weapons and boats of the British personnel were confiscated and have not been returned . They were released unharmed three days later , on 24 June , after the British and Iranian governments agreed there had been a misunderstanding . Their equipment was not returned and a rigid inflatable boat ( RIB ) was put on display in a museum in Tehran . During their detention , according to former detainee Marine Scott Fallon , they endured a mock execution in which they were marched into the desert and made to stand blindfolded in front of a ditch while their captors cocked their weapons . They also appeared blindfolded on Iranian TV , where they were forced to apologise for their `` mistake '' . The Royal Navy boats were operating close to the northern coast of the Persian Gulf in the mouth of the Shatt al-Arab waterway which divides southern Iran and Iraq . The weather was bad causing negligible visibility which may have contributed to a potential crossing of the Iranian border by the Royal Navy . After the crew were returned and events analysed the British government affirmed its belief that the personnel were actually still in Iraqi waters , however they consigned the incident to a misunderstanding and requested the return of the equipment . In 2015 , an FOIA request released a redacted report .

agreed

British

Iranian governments

there had been a misunderstanding

seizure

Iran

Iran

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

Shatt al-Arab

Arvand Rud

they had strayed to the Iranian side of the waterway

captured

Iran

Iran

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

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Arvand Rud

they had strayed to the Iranian side of the waterway

seized

Iran

Iran

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

Shatt al-Arab

Arvand Rud

they had strayed to the Iranian side of the waterway

detention

Iran

Iran

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

Shatt al-Arab

Arvand Rud

they had strayed to the Iranian side of the waterway

cocked

their captors

their weapons

the desert

causing

The weather was bad

negligible visibility which may have contributed to a potential crossing of the Iranian border by the Royal Navy

contributed

negligible visibility

a potential crossing of the Iranian border by the Royal Navy

endured

Iran

Iran

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

Iran

Iran

a mock execution

analysed

events

operating

British

The Royal Navy boats

training

The British servicemen

Iraqi river patrol personnel

Shatt al-Arab

Arvand Rud

returned

Iran

Iran

British

weapons

boats

returned

Iran

Iran

British

weapons

boats

returned

Iran

Iran

British

the crew

return

Iranian governments

British government

equipment

apologise

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

Iran

Iran

their `` mistake ''

affirmed

British government

its belief that the personnel were actually still in Iraqi waters

strayed

The British servicemen

the Iranian side of the waterway

marched

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

the desert

crossing

Royal Navy

Royal Navy

Royal Navy

Royal Navy

the Iranian border

Iran

Iran

stand

their captors

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

in front of a ditch

put on display

RIB

a museum in Tehran

appeared

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

Iranian TV

took place

Iran

Iran

British

The 2004 Iranian seizure of Royal Navy personnel

Shatt al-Arab

Arvand Rud

released

report

a redacted report

released

Iran

Iran

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

Iran

Iran

they had strayed to the Iranian side of the waterway

released

Iran

Iran

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

Iran

Iran

they had strayed to the Iranian side of the waterway

confiscated

Iran

Iran

The weapons and boats of the British personnel

Shatt al-Arab

Arvand Rud

forced

their captors

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

apologise for their `` mistake ''

requested

British government

Iran

Iran

the return of the equipment

request

FOIA

released a redacted report

said

Iran

Iran

they had strayed to the Iranian side of the waterway

discussions

Jack Straw

British Foreign Secretary

Iranian Minister of Foreign Affairs

The 2004 Iranian seizure of Royal Navy personnel

threatened

Iran

Iran

Six Royal Marines

two Royal Navy sailors

legal action


Input: The Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive during World War I was initially conceived as a minor German offensive to relieve Russian pressure on the Austro-Hungarians to their south on the Eastern Front , but resulted in the Central Powers ' chief offensive effort of 1915 , causing the total collapse of the Russian lines and their retreat far into Russia . The continued series of actions lasted the majority of the campaigning season for 1915 , starting in early May and only ending due to bad weather in October . The primary cause of the Central Powers victory was their superior artillery firepower . German heavy field guns and howitzers with their high angle of fire suppressed the Russian artillery and devastated their infantry counterattacks . The Germans improved the accuracy of their artillery fire through aerial observation . German siege mortars reduced Russian fortresses within days . German light artillery supported the infantry through direct fire , devastating Russian strongpoints .

Offensive

Russia

Central Powers

Central Powers

Gorlice–Tarnów

Central Powers victory

offensive

Russia

Central Powers

Central Powers

Gorlice–Tarnów

Central Powers victory

offensive

Central Powers

Central Powers

Russia

Gorlice–Tarnów

Central Powers victory

total collapse of the Russian lines

their retreat far into Russia

counterattacks

Russia

Central Powers

Central Powers

Gorlice–Tarnów

siege

German

German

German

German

Germans

mortars

Gorlice–Tarnów

resulted in

Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive

the Central Powers ' chief offensive effort of 1915

causing

Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive

total collapse of the Russian lines

their retreat far into Russia

due

bad weather in October

ending

cause

their superior artillery firepower

Central Powers victory

reduced

Russian fortresses

Gorlice–Tarnów

improved

German

German

German

German

Germans

the accuracy of their artillery fire

aerial observation

Gorlice–Tarnów

suppressed

German heavy field guns and howitzers

the Russian artillery

their high angle of fire

conceived

Russia

Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive

Gorlice–Tarnów

relieve Russian pressure on the Austro-Hungarians to their south on the Eastern Front

relieve

Russia

pressure on the Austro-Hungarians to their south on the Eastern Front

Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive

collapse

Central Powers

Central Powers

Russian lines

Eastern Front

devastated

German heavy field guns and howitzers with their high angle of fire

their infantry counterattacks

Gorlice–Tarnów

devastating

German

German

German

German

Germans

Russian strongpoints

Gorlice–Tarnów

victory

Central Powers victory

Russia

Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive

Gorlice–Tarnów

pressure

Austro-Hungarians

Russian

Russian

Russian

Russian

Russian

War

Russia

Central Powers

Central Powers

Gorlice–Tarnów

observation

German

German

German

German

Germans

their artillery fire

Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive

ending

The continued series of actions

Gorlice–Tarnów

starting

Central Powers

Central Powers

Russia

The continued series of actions

Gorlice–Tarnów

retreat

Russia

Gorlice–Tarnów

Russia

campaigning

Central Powers

Central Powers

Russia

Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive

Gorlice–Tarnów

supported

German light artillery

the infantry

Gorlice–Tarnów

direct fire

fire

German

German

German

German

Germans

Russian strongpoints

Gorlice–Tarnów


Input: Qstock is an annual two-day rock festival held at the end of July in Oulu , Finland . The festival lineup includes some of the biggest names in both domestic and international music scene , regardless of the genre . The first Qstock festival was organised in 2003 . The festival has quickly grown into the biggest summer event in northern Finland , with its 30,000 visitors . In 2013 and 2014 Qstock was sold out . The festival acts as sort of a successor of the former Kuusrock festival which was organised in Oulu from 1970s until early 1990s . Qstock is organised by Qstock Ltd and the event 's official , promotional vehicle is a white/yellow coloured VW Kleinbus from 1965 . Qstock has its own online TV channel called 'QTV ' which releases new episodes throughout the Spring , with interviews from each summer 's upcoming festival lineup . The full length episodes can be viewed via Qstock Festival 's Youtube channel .

organised

Kuusrock festival

organised

The first Qstock festival

organised

Qstock Ltd

Qstock

sold

Qstock

Oulu

Oulu

held

grown

Qstock

biggest summer event

called

online TV channel

'QTV

viewed

The full length episodes

Youtube channel

releases

'QTV

Qstock

new episodes

festival

some of the biggest names in both domestic and international music scene

Qstock

Oulu

Oulu

festival

some of the biggest names in both domestic and international music scene

Qstock

Oulu

Oulu

festival

some of the biggest names in both domestic and international music scene

Qstock

Oulu

Oulu

festival

some of the biggest names in both domestic and international music scene

Qstock

Oulu

Oulu

festival

some of the biggest names in both domestic and international music scene

Qstock

Oulu

Oulu

festival

Kuusrock festival

Oulu

Oulu

festival

The first Qstock

Oulu

Oulu