Input: The 2008 Indian Premier League season was the inaugural season of the Indian Premier League , established by the BCCI in 2007 . The season commenced on 18 April 2008 with the final match held on 1 June 2008 . The competition started with a double round robin group stage , in which each of the 8 teams played a home match and an away match against every other team . These matches were followed by two semi-finals and a final . In a match which went down to the last ball , Rajasthan Royals defeated Chennai Super Kings in the final to win the title , with Yusuf Pathan named the player of the match and Shane Watson adjudged the player of the tournament . Sohail Tanvir won the purple cap for being the top wicket-taking bowler while Shaun Marsh won the orange cap for leading run-scorer in the tournament . Shreevats Goswami was awarded the best under-19 player award and the special award for Fair Play was won by the Chennai Super Kings .

League

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Yusuf Pathan

Shane Watson

Sohail Tanvir

Shaun Marsh

Shreevats Goswami

Chennai Super Kings

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

ball

Indian Premier League

Indian

BCCI

competition

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Yusuf Pathan

Shane Watson

Sohail Tanvir

Shaun Marsh

Shreevats Goswami

Chennai Super Kings

ball

the final match

Indian Premier League

Indian

BCCI

tournament

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Yusuf Pathan

Shane Watson

Sohail Tanvir

Shaun Marsh

Shreevats Goswami

Chennai Super Kings

ball

the final match

Indian Premier League

Indian

BCCI

final

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Yusuf Pathan

Shane Watson

Sohail Tanvir

Shaun Marsh

Shreevats Goswami

Chennai Super Kings

ball

the final match

a home match

an away match

Indian Premier League

Indian

Indian Premier League

BCCI

final

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Yusuf Pathan

Shane Watson

Sohail Tanvir

Shaun Marsh

Shreevats Goswami

Chennai Super Kings

ball

the final match

a home match

an away match

Indian Premier League

Indian

Indian Premier League

BCCI

played

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Yusuf Pathan

Shane Watson

Sohail Tanvir

Shaun Marsh

match

competition

ball

Indian Premier League

Indian

BCCI

semi-finals

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

Yusuf Pathan

Shane Watson

Sohail Tanvir

Shaun Marsh

Shreevats Goswami

Chennai Super Kings

match

competition

ball

Indian Premier League

Indian

BCCI

established

BCCI

Indian Premier League

Indian Premier League

BCCI

Indian Premier League

competition

win

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

in the final

the last ball

In a match

defeated

win

ball

win

competition

win

defeated

awarded

Indian Premier League

Shreevats Goswami

Indian Premier League

In a match

The 2008 Indian Premier League season

the best under-19 player award

held

Indian Premier League

BCCI

Indian

a double round robin group stage

a home match

an away match

competition

the final match

Indian Premier League

Rajasthan Royals defeated Chennai Super Kings

Yusuf Pathan named the player of the match

Shane Watson adjudged the player of the tournament

named

Indian Premier League

Yusuf Pathan

the player of the match

Yusuf Pathan

win

competition

defeated

Rajasthan Royals

Chennai Super Kings

the last ball

commenced

Indian Premier League

BCCI

the final match

Indian Premier League

a home match

an away match

Indian Premier League

on 18 April 2008

competition

started

Indian Premier League

BCCI

match

competition

Indian

on 18 April 2008

competition


Input: the paris air show ( ) is the largest air show and unk exhibition event in the world , measured by number of exhibitors and size of exhibit space . in second place is uk 's farnborough , followed by dubai air show or singapore airshow . the latest was the 52nd air show , held from 19 to 25 june 2017 , attended by 3,450 journalists , 142,000 professionals and 180,000 general public visitors . It claims to be the world 's calendar-oldest air show . Established in 1909 , it has been held every odd year since 1949 at Paris–Le Bourget Airport in north Paris , France . It is a large trade fair , demonstrating military and civilian aircraft , and is attended by many military forces and the major aircraft manufacturers , often announcing major aircraft sales . It starts with four professional days and is then opened to the general public followed from Friday to Sunday . The format is similar to Farnborough and the ILA , both staged in even years . It is organised by the French aerospace industry 's primary representative body , the `` Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales '' ( GIFAS ) .

organised

Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales

GIFAS

paris air show

demonstrating military and civilian aircraft

announcing major aircraft sales

sales

the major aircraft manufacturers

military forces

aircraft

paris air show

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

Established

GIFAS

Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales

paris air show

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

demonstrating military and civilian aircraft

announcing major aircraft sales

held

Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales

GIFAS

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

paris air show

demonstrating military and civilian aircraft

announcing major aircraft sales

attended by 3,450 journalists

142,000 professionals

180,000 general public visitors

held

Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales

GIFAS

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

paris air show

demonstrating military and civilian aircraft

often announcing major aircraft sales

the largest air show and unk exhibition event

3,450 journalists

142,000 professionals

180,000 general public visitors

opened

Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales

GIFAS

paris air show

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

demonstrating military and civilian aircraft

announcing major aircraft sales

attended

journalists

professionals

general public visitors

major aircraft manufacturers

military forces

paris air show

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

demonstrating military and civilian aircraft

announcing major aircraft sales

attended

journalists

professionals

general public visitors

paris air show

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

demonstrating military and civilian aircraft

announcing major aircraft sales

starts

Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales

GIFAS

paris air show

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

from 19 to 25 june 2017

demonstrating military and civilian aircraft

announcing major aircraft sales

show

Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales

GIFAS

journalists

professionals

general public visitors

military forces

major aircraft manufacturers

paris air show

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

show

Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales

GIFAS

journalists

professionals

general public visitors

military forces

major aircraft manufacturers

paris air show

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

fair

Groupement des industries françaises aéronautiques et spatiales

GIFAS

journalists

professionals

general public visitors

military forces

major aircraft manufacturers

paris air show

Paris–Le Bourget Airport

claims

paris air show

air show

the world 's calendar-oldest


Input: The German invasion of Belgium was a military campaign which began on 4 August 1914 . Earlier , on 24 July , the Belgian government had announced that if war came it would uphold its historic neutrality . The Belgian government mobilised its armed forces on 31 July and a state of heightened alert ( ) was proclaimed in Germany . On 2 August , the German government sent an ultimatum to Belgium , demanding passage through the country , and German forces invaded Luxembourg . Two days later , the Belgian government refused the demands and the British government guaranteed military support to Belgium . The German government declared war on Belgium on 4 August , troops crossed the border and began the Battle of Liège . German military operations in Belgium were intended to bring the 1st , 2nd and 3rd armies into positions in Belgium from which they could invade France , which , after the fall of Liège on 7 August , led to sieges of Belgian fortresses along the Meuse river at Namur and the surrender of the last forts ( 16–17 August ) . The government abandoned the capital , Brussels , on 17 August and after fighting on the Gete river , the Belgian field army withdrew westwards to the National Redoubt at Antwerp on 19 August . Brussels was occupied the following day and the Siege of Namur began on 21 August . After the Battle of Mons and the Battle of Charleroi , the bulk of the German armies marched south into France , leaving small forces to garrison Brussels and the Belgian railways . The III Reserve Corps advanced to the fortified zone around Antwerp and a division of the IV Reserve Corps took over in Brussels . the belgian field army made several sorties from antwerp in late august and september to harass german communications and to assist the french and the british expeditionary force ( bef ) , by keeping german troops in belgium . German troop withdrawals to reinforce the main armies in France were postponed to repulse a Belgian sortie from 9 to 13 September and a German corps in transit was retained in Belgium for several days . Belgian resistance and German fear of francs-tireurs , led the Germans to implement a policy of terror ( ) against Belgian civilians soon after the invasion , in which massacres , executions , hostage taking and the burning of towns and villages took place and became known as the Rape of Belgium . After the Battle of the Frontiers ended , the French armies and the BEF began the Great Retreat into France , the Belgian army and small detachments of French and British troops fought in Belgium against German cavalry and . on 27 august , a squadron of the royal naval air service ( rnas ) flew to ostend , to conduct air reconnaissance between bruges , ghent and ypres . Royal Marines landed in France on and began scouting unoccupied Belgium in motor cars ; an RNAS Armoured Car Section was created by fitting vehicles with bulletproof steel . On 2 October , the Marine Brigade of the Royal Naval Division was moved to Antwerp , followed by the rest of the division on 6 October . From 6 to 7 October , the 7th Division and the 3rd Cavalry Division landed at Zeebrugge and naval forces collected at Dover were formed into the Dover Patrol , to operate in the Channel and off the French–Belgian coast . Despite minor British reinforcement , the Siege of Antwerp ended when its defensive ring of forts was destroyed by German super-heavy artillery . The city was abandoned on 9 October and Allied forces withdrew to West Flanders . at the end of the great retreat , the race to the sea began , a period of reciprocal attempts by the germans and franco-british to outflank their opponents , extending the front line northwards from the aisne , into picardy , artois and flanders . Military operations in Belgium also moved westwards as the Belgian army withdrew from Antwerp to the area close to the border with France . The Belgian army fought the defensive Battle of the Yser ( 16–31 October ) from Nieuwpoort ( Nieuport ) south to Diksmuide ( Dixmude ) , as the German 4th Army attacked westwards and French , British and some Belgian troops fought the First Battle of Ypres ( 19 October – 22 November ) against the 4th and 6th armies . By November 1914 , most of Belgium was under German occupation and Allied naval blockade . A German military administration was established on 26 August 1914 , to rule through the pre-war Belgian administrative system , overseen by a small group of German officers and officials . Belgium was divided into administrative zones , the General Government of Brussels and its hinterland ; a second zone , under the 4th Army , including Ghent and Antwerp and a third zone under the German Navy along the coastline . The German occupation lasted until late 1918 .

conduct

royal naval air service

rnas

RNAS

bruges

ghent

Ghent

ypres

Ypres

air reconnaissance

implement

Germans

germans

a policy of terror ( ) against Belgian civilians

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

refused

Belgian government

Belgian government

Belgian government

government

the demands

German government

German government

landed

7th Division

3rd Cavalry Division

Zeebrugge

landed

Royal Marines

France

France

french

France

France

France

France

French

French

assist

the belgian field army

the french

the british expeditionary force ( bef )

Antwerp

Antwerp

antwerp

Antwerp

Antwerp

city

Antwerp

Antwerp

invaded

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Luxembourg

Luxembourg

invade

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

France

France

french

France

France

France

France

French

French

attacked

4th Army

Belgian army

Belgian army

Belgian army

westwards

French

became

massacres

executions

hostage taking

the burning of towns and villages

the Rape of Belgium

known

operate

Dover Patrol

Channel

the French–Belgian coast

outflank

franco-british

Germans

germans

Germans

germans

franco-british

Siege

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Namur

Namur

Namur

Namur

sieges

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Belgian fortresses

Meuse river

burning

Germans

germans

towns

villages

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

bring

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

3rd armies

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

led

led to

German military operations in Belgium were intended to bring the 1st , 2nd and 3rd armies into positions in Belgium

the fall of Liège on 7 August

sieges of Belgian fortresses along the Meuse river at Namur

the surrender of the last forts ( 16–17 August )

heightened

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

alert

The Belgian government mobilised its armed forces on 31 July

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

reinforce

Germans

germans

the main armies in France

advanced

III Reserve Corps

the fortified zone around Antwerp

extending

franco-british

Germans

germans

the front line

reciprocal attempts by the germans and franco-british to outflank their opponents

postponed

Germans

germans

troop withdrawals

collected

naval forces

Dover

guaranteed

British government

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

military support

occupation

Germans

germans

most of Belgium

rule

A German military administration

the pre-war Belgian administrative system

occupied

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Brussels

Brussels

Brussels

Brussels

established

A German military administration

rule through the pre-war Belgian administrative system

created

fitting vehicles with bulletproof steel

an RNAS Armoured Car Section

made

the belgian field army

several sorties

Antwerp

Antwerp

antwerp

Antwerp

Antwerp

city

Antwerp

Antwerp

harass german communications

assist the french and the british expeditionary force ( bef )

formed

naval forces collected at Dover

Dover Patrol

operate in the Channel and off the French–Belgian coast

fought

Germans

germans

Belgian army

Belgian army

Belgian army

Nieuwpoort

Nieuport

Diksmuide

Dixmude

leaving

small forces

Brussels

Brussels

Brussels

Brussels

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

withdrawals

Germans

germans

destroyed

German super-heavy artillery

its defensive ring of forts

Antwerp

Antwerp

antwerp

Antwerp

Antwerp

city

Antwerp

Antwerp

declared

German government

German government

war on Belgium

announced

Belgian government

Belgian government

Belgian government

government

if war came it would uphold its historic neutrality

abandoned

The city

abandoned

Belgian government

Belgian government

Belgian government

government

Brussels

Brussels

Brussels

Brussels

harass

the belgian field army

german communications

overseen

a small group of German officers and officials

the pre-war Belgian administrative system

reconnaissance

royal naval air service

rnas

RNAS

ostend

bruges

ghent

Ghent

ypres

Ypres

scouting

Royal Marines

unoccupied Belgium

motor cars

massacres

Germans

germans

Belgian resistance

German fear of francs-tireurs

Belgian civilians

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

fought

Belgian army

Belgian army

Belgian army

small detachments of French and British troops

German cavalry

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Battle

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Liège

Liège

fought

4th Army

6th armies

British and some Belgian troops

Battle

4th Army

6th armies

British and some Belgian troops

invasion

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

fighting

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Gete river

took over

IV Reserve Corps

Brussels

Brussels

Brussels

Brussels

invasion

Germans

germans

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Battle

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

France

France

french

France

France

France

France

French

French

France

France

french

France

France

France

France

French

French

war

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Battle

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Mons

Battle

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Charleroi

marched

the bulk of the German armies

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

France

France

french

France

France

France

France

French

French

moved

Military operations in Belgium

westwards

moved

the Marine Brigade of the Royal Naval Division

Antwerp

Antwerp

antwerp

Antwerp

Antwerp

city

Antwerp

Antwerp

flew

royal naval air service

rnas

RNAS

ostend

came

war

transit

a German corps

fall

Liège

Liège

crossed

troops

the border

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

retained

a German corps in transit

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

lasted

The German occupation

ended

the Battle of the Frontiers

France

France

french

France

France

France

France

French

French

ended

the Siege of Antwerp

Antwerp

Antwerp

antwerp

Antwerp

Antwerp

city

Antwerp

Antwerp

began

troops

the Battle of Liège

Liège

Liège

took place

massacres

executions

hostage taking

the burning of towns and villages

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

began

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

a military campaign

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

began

the Siege of Namur

Namur

Namur

began

british expeditionary force

bef

BEF

the French armies

the Great Retreat

France

France

french

France

France

France

France

French

French

began

Royal Marines

scouting unoccupied Belgium in motor cars

began

the race to the sea

demanding

German government

German government

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

passage through the country

demands

German government

German government

Belgian government

Belgian government

Belgian government

government

passage through the country

uphold

Belgian government

Belgian government

Belgian government

government

its historic neutrality

retreat

Allied forces

West Flanders

withdrew

Belgian army

Belgian army

Belgian army

Antwerp

Antwerp

antwerp

Antwerp

Antwerp

city

Antwerp

Antwerp

the area close to the border with France

withdrew

the Belgian field army

National Redoubt

withdrew

Allied forces

West Flanders

executions

Germans

germans

Belgian civilians

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian resistance

German fear of francs-tireurs

sent

German government

German government

an ultimatum

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

demanding passage through the country

proclaimed

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

a state of heightened alert

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

surrender

German

Germany

German

German

German

german

german

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

German

the last forts

keeping

the belgian field army

german troops

Belgium

Belgium

country

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgian

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

Belgian

Belgium

mobilised

Belgian government

Belgian government

Belgian government

government

its armed forces


Input: The Malabar Riot ( also known as the Moplah Genocide and `` Māppila Lahaḷa '' ) was an armed uprising in 1921 against British authority in the Malabar region of Southern India by Mappilas and the culmination of a series of Mappila revolts that recurred throughout the 19th century and early 20th century . The 1921 riot began as a reaction against a heavy-handed crackdown on the Khilafat Movement , a campaign in defense of the Ottoman Caliphate , by the British authorities in the Eranad and Valluvanad `` taluks '' of Malabar . In the initial stages , the movement had the support of Mahatma Gandhi and other congress/ national movement leaders , a number of minor clashes took place between Khilafat volunteers and the police , but the violence soon spread across the region . The Mappilas attacked and took control of police stations , British government offices , courts and government treasuries . The British Government put down the rebellion with an iron fist , British and Gurkha regiments were sent to the area and Martial Law imposed . One of the most noteworthy events during the suppression later came to be known as the `` Wagon tragedy '' , in which 67 out of a total of 90 Mappila prisoners destined for the Central Prison in Podanur suffocated to death in a closed railway goods wagon . For six months from August 1921 , the rebellion extended over – some 40 % of the South Malabar region of the Madras Presidency . An estimated 10,000 people lost their lives , although official figures put the numbers at 2337 rebels killed , 1652 injured and 45,404 imprisoned . Unofficial estimates put the number imprisoned at almost 50,000 of whom 20,000 were deported , mainly to the penal colony in the Andaman Islands , while around 10,000 went missing . The most prominent leaders of the rebellion were Variankunnath Kunjahammad Haji , Sithi Koya Thangal and Ali Musliyar . Contemporary British administrators and modern historians differ markedly in their assessment of the incident , debating whether the revolts were triggered off by religious fanaticism or agrarian grievances . At the time , the Indian National Congress repudiated the movement and it remained isolated from the wider nationalist movement . However , contemporary Indian evaluations now view the rebellion as a national upheaval against British authority and the most important event concerning the political movement in Malabar during the period . In its magnitude and extent , it was an unprecedented popular upheaval , the likes of which has not been seen in Kerala before or since . While the Mappilas were in the vanguard of the movement and bore the brunt of the struggle , several non-Mappila leaders actively sympathised with the rebels ' cause , giving the uprising the character of a national upheaval . In 1971 , the Government of Kerala officially recognised the active participants in the events as `` freedom fighters '' .

imposed

British

Gurkha regiments

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Martial Law

put down the rebellion

repudiated

Indian National Congress

The Malabar Riot

imprisoned

British authority

British authorities

British

British

British

British authority

The Malabar Riot

imprisoned

British authority

British authorities

British

British

British

British authority

almost 50,000

The Malabar Riot

attacked

Mappila

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappila

police stations

British government offices

courts

government treasuries

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

armed

Mappila

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappila

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

tragedy

Mappila

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappila

in a closed railway goods wagon

67 out of a total of 90 Mappila prisoners

triggered

religious fanaticism

agrarian grievances

The Malabar Riot

recurred

a series of Mappila revolts

took

Mappila

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappila

British authority

British authorities

British

British

British

British authority

police stations

British government offices

courts

government treasuries

The Malabar Riot

control

Mappila

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappila

police stations

British government offices

courts

government treasuries

The Malabar Riot

suffocated

67 out of a total of 90 Mappila prisoners

suffocated to death

in a closed railway goods wagon

spread

the violence

Eranad

Valluvanad

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

lost

An estimated 10,000 people

their lives

The Malabar Riot

giving

non-Mappila

The Malabar Riot

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

character of a national upheaval

recognised

Government of Kerala

active participants in the events as `` freedom fighters ''

Kerala

upheaval

Mappila

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappila

British authority

British authorities

British

British

British

British authority

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

view

contemporary Indian evaluations

the rebellion as a national upheaval against British authority

seen

an unprecedented popular upheaval

Kerala

crackdown

British authority

British authorities

British

British

British

British authority

the Khilafat Movement

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

began

Mappila

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappila

The Malabar Riot

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

took place

Khilafat volunteers

the police

a number of minor clashes

Eranad

Valluvanad

against a heavy-handed crackdown on the Khilafat Movement

debating

Contemporary British administrators

modern historians

whether the revolts were triggered off by religious fanaticism or agrarian grievances

deported

British authority

British authorities

British

British

British

British authority

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

mainly to the penal colony in the Andaman Islands

sent

British Government

Gurkha regiments

British

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

put down the rebellion

campaign

Khilafat volunteers

the Khilafat Movement

Eranad

Valluvanad

support

Mahatma Gandhi

other congress/ national movement leaders

the Khilafat Movement

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

violence

the police

Khilafat volunteers

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

rebellion

Mappila

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappilas

Mappila

British

Gurkha regiments

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar

Malabar


Input: The 2014 Indian Federation Cup Final was a football match between Churchill Brothers and Sporting Goa played on 25 January 2014 at Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium in Kochi , Kerala . The match was the culmination of the 2013–14 Indian Federation Cup . This was the 35th edition of the Federation Cup , the national cup tournament of football in India which is administered by the All India Football Federation ( AIFF ) . Churchill Brothers won by defeating Sporting Goa 3–1 with goals scored by Balwant Singh , Alesh Sawant , and Abdelhamid Shabana while the Sporting Goa goal came from Victorino Fernandes . This was the first time Churchill Brothers had won the tournament . Churchill Brothers qualified for the final by defeating Mohun Bagan in the semi-final 2–1 while Sporting Goa qualified by defeating Dempo in the semi-finals 3–2 after extra-time . Prior to the final , Churchill Brothers and Sporting Goa had met once during the 2013–14 season with Churchill Brothers winning that match 3–2 . The final was televised live on TEN Action .

qualified

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

the semi-finals

qualified

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

the final

met

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

the 2013–14 season

televised

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

TEN Action

Final

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

match

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

tournament

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

final

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

final

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

final

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

match

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

played

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

tournament

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

semi-final

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Mohun Bagan

football

the semi-final

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

semi-finals

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Dempo

football

the semi-finals

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

match

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

football

the 2013–14 season

defeating

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

2014 Indian Federation Cup Final

administered

All India Football Federation

AIFF

the national cup tournament of football in India

scored

Balwant Singh

Alesh Sawant

Abdelhamid Shabana

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium

goals

Churchill Brothers won

winning

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Churchill Brothers

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

Sporting Goa

the 2013–14 season

that match 3–2


Input: the 1860 open championship was a golf competition held at prestwick golf club , in ayrshire , scotland . it is now regarded as the first open championship . Until his death in 1859 , Allan Robertson was regarded as top golfer in the world . the open championship was created to determine his successor . Eight golfers contested the event , with Willie Park , Sr. winning the championship by 2 shots from Tom Morris , Sr. Prestwick Golf Club organised the event , `` to be played for by professional golfers '' . Golf clubs in Scotland and England were invited to name and send up to three of their best players to compete . The contest was over three rounds of the twelve-hole links course . The prize for winning was the Challenge Belt ; a player winning the belt three successive years would keep it . `` Cawdies , i.e . Professional Players , not Keepers of Links '' were eligible and had to produce a certificate of respectability from their club . George Daniel Brown was the only Englishman to play in the event . james ogilvie fairlie was the principal organizer of this inaugural open championship . In a proposed competition for a `` Challenge Belt '' , Fairlie sent out a series of letters to Blackheath , Perth , Edinburgh , Musselburgh and St. Andrews , inviting a player known as a `` respectable caddie '' to represent each of the clubs in a tournament to be held on 17 October 1860 . The pairings were Tom Morris , Sr. ( Prestwick ) and Robert Andrew ( Perth ) , Willie Park Sr. ( Musselburgh ) and Alexander Smith ( Bruntsfield ) , William Steel ( Bruntsfield ) and Charlie Hunter ( Prestwick St Nicholas ) , George Daniel Brown ( Blackheath ) and Andrew Strath ( St Andrews ) .

regarded

regarded

contested

Willie Park Sr.

Willie Park , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

golf

the 1860 open championship

prestwick golf club

Prestwick Golf Club

Fairlie

james ogilvie fairlie

competition

Willie Park Sr.

Willie Park , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

golf

the 1860 open championship

prestwick golf club

Prestwick Golf Club

Fairlie

james ogilvie fairlie

play

Willie Park Sr.

Willie Park , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

golf

the 1860 open championship

prestwick golf club

Prestwick Golf Club

Fairlie

james ogilvie fairlie

compete

Willie Park Sr.

Willie Park , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

golf

the 1860 open championship

prestwick golf club

prestwick golf club

Fairlie

james ogilvie fairlie

competition

a player known as a `` respectable caddie ''

golf

`` Challenge Belt ''

produce

Professional Players

a certificate of respectability from their club

created

the 1860 open championship

determine his successor

death

Allan Robertson

determine

the 1860 open championship

prestwick golf club

his successor

winning

Willie Park Sr.

Willie Park , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

Tom Morris , Sr.

Prestwick Golf Club

championship

winning

a player

the belt three successive years

keep it

inviting

Fairlie

james ogilvie fairlie

a player known as a `` respectable caddie ''

represent each of the clubs in a tournament

keep

a player

Challenge Belt

winning the belt three successive years

sent

Fairlie

james ogilvie fairlie

Blackheath

Perth

Edinburgh

Musselburgh

St Andrews

St. Andrews

inviting a player known as a `` respectable caddie '' to represent each of the clubs in a tournament

send

Golf clubs in Scotland and England

the 1860 open championship

Scotland

scotland

England

prestwick golf club

compete


Input: The MDNA Tour was the ninth concert tour by American singer-songwriter Madonna . It showcased material from her twelfth studio album , `` MDNA '' ( 2012 ) . Comprising 88 shows , the tour visited the Americas , Europe , and the Middle East . This marked the singer 's first performances in the United Arab Emirates , Ukraine , Scotland , and Colombia . The tour was initially planned to reach Australia in January 2013 but was cancelled ; Madonna apologized through a video letter on her official YouTube account . Madonna described the tour as `` the journey of a soul from darkness to light '' . It was divided into four sections : `` Transgression '' , where guns and violence was the main theme , `` Prophecy '' , where a mix of joyful songs that bring people together are performed , `` Masculine/Feminine '' , a combination of sensuality and fashion with a few of Madonna 's classic songs performed in a French Cabaret-style , and `` Redemption '' , which Madonna labeled as `` a big party and celebration '' . The tour has received mostly positive reception from critics . The tour courted many controversial subjects such as violence , firearms , human rights , nudity , and politics . Lawsuits threatened against Madonna have also been engaged from the tour . The MDNA Tour created immense success at the box office and many venues were instantly sold out . It was dubbed as the highest-grossing tour of 2012 by `` Billboard '' . The tour grossed $ 305.2 million from 88 sold-out shows , becoming the tenth highest-grossing tour of all time and surpassing Celine Dion 's Taking Chances World Tour as the second highest-grossing tour among female artists , behind Madonna 's own Sticky & Sweet Tour . Madonna broke the record for occupying the top two highest-grossing female tours of all time . Madonna accepted the Top Touring Artist of the year at the 2013 Billboard Music Awards . A concert special titled `` Madonna : The MDNA Tour `` aired on Epix in the United States on June 22 at 8:00 pm ET . The television special documented the November 19 and 20 shows at the American Airlines Arena in Miami , but also included footage from other concert dates . A live album , `` MDNA World Tour '' , was released on September 9 , 2013 .

planned

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

to reach Australia in January 2013

reach

The MDNA Tour

Australia

becoming

The MDNA Tour

the tenth highest-grossing tour of all time

bring

a mix of joyful songs

people

surpassing

The MDNA Tour

Celine Dion 's Taking Chances World Tour as the second highest-grossing tour among female artists

behind Madonna 's own Sticky & Sweet Tour

cancelled

The MDNA Tour

sold

many venues

The MDNA Tour

Americas

Europe

Middle East

occupying

the top two highest-grossing female tours of all time

created

The MDNA Tour

immense success at the box office

Americas

Europe

Middle East

broke

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

the record for occupying the top two highest-grossing female tours of all time

grossed

The MDNA Tour

88 sold-out shows

$ 305.2 million

Americas

Europe

Middle East

aired

Epix

`` Madonna : The MDNA Tour ``

Epix

United States

performed

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Americas

Europe

Middle East

a few of Madonna 's classic songs

The MDNA Tour

performed

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Americas

Europe

Middle East

a mix of joyful songs

The MDNA Tour

apologized

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

The MDNA Tour

The tour was initially planned to reach Australia in January 2013 but was cancelled

labeled

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

`` Redemption ''

`` a big party and celebration ''

Lawsuits

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

dubbed

Billboard

The MDNA Tour

the highest-grossing tour of 2012

titled

A concert

`` Madonna : The MDNA Tour ``

released

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

A live album

MDNA World Tour

accepted

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

at the 2013 Billboard Music Awards

the Top Touring Artist of the year

received

The MDNA Tour

critics

mostly positive reception

marked

The MDNA Tour

United Arab Emirates

Ukraine

Scotland

Colombia

documented

The television special

the November 19 and 20 shows

at the American Airlines Arena in Miami

concert

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

The MDNA Tour

Americas

Europe

Middle East

shows

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

The MDNA Tour

Americas

Europe

Middle East

concert

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

`` Madonna : The MDNA Tour ``

Epix

described

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

the tour

as `` the journey of a soul from darkness to light ''

visited

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Americas

Europe

Middle East

tour

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Americas

Europe

Middle East

threatened

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Madonna

Lawsuits


Input: The Women 's Strike for Equality was a strike which took place in the United States on August 26 , 1970 . It celebrated the 50th anniversary of the passing of the Nineteenth Amendment , which effectively gave American women the right to vote . The rally was sponsored by the National Organization for Women ( NOW ) . About 50,000 women gathered for the protest in New York City and even more throughout the country . At this time , the gathering was the largest on behalf of women in the United States . The strike , spearheaded by Betty Friedan , self-stated three primary goals : free abortion on demand , equal opportunity in the workforce , and free childcare . The strike also advocated for other second wave feminist goals more generally , such as political rights for women , and social equality in relationships such as marriage .

strike

Women

the United States

the country

the United States

the United States

the country

the United States

strike

Women

the United States

the country

the United States

the United States

the country

the United States

gathered

NOW

About 50,000 women

New York City

free abortion on demand

equal opportunity in the workforce

and free childcare

political rights for women

social equality in relationships such as marriage

gathering

NOW

About 50,000 women

New York City

free abortion on demand

equal opportunity in the workforce

and free childcare

political rights for women

social equality in relationships such as marriage

marriage

Women

gave

the Nineteenth Amendment

American women

the United States

the country

the United States

American women the right to vote

spearheaded

passing

the Nineteenth Amendment

took place

Betty Friedan

The Women 's Strike for Equality

the United States

the country

the United States

free abortion on demand

equal opportunity in the workforce

free childcare

political rights for women

social equality in relationships such as marriage

demand

Betty Friedan

the United States

the country

the United States

free abortion on demand

celebrated

Betty Friedan

NOW

The Women 's Strike for Equality

the United States

the country

the United States

advocated

Betty Friedan

the United States

the country

the United States

the United States

the country

the United States

political rights for women

social equality in relationships such as marriage

political rights for women

social equality in relationships such as marriage

sponsored

NOW

Women


Input: The 2015 London Marathon took place on 26 April 2015 . It was the 35th running of the annual mass-participation marathon race and the third World Marathon Major of the year . The men 's elite race was won by Kenyan Eliud Kipchoge and the women 's race was won by Ethiopian Tigist Tufa . The 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships marathon events were also held during the race . The men 's wheelchair race was won by Joshua George from the United States and the women 's wheelchair race was won by American Tatyana McFadden . McFadden set a course record for the second year running . According to the organisers , there were more than 38,000 participants in the 2015 race , the highest number in the London Marathon 's history .

set

Tatyana McFadden

a course record for the second year running

race

Tigist Tufa

the women 's race

The 2015 London Marathon

London

London

race

Kenyan

Eliud Kipchoge

The men 's elite race

The 2015 London Marathon

London

London

race

Tatyana McFadden

the women 's wheelchair race

The 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships

London

London

race

Joshua George

The men 's wheelchair race

The 2015 IPC Athletics World Championships

London

London

race

Kenyan

Eliud Kipchoge

Tigist Tufa

Joshua George

Tatyana McFadden

McFadden

Marathon

The 2015 London Marathon

London

London

race

Kenyan

Eliud Kipchoge

Tigist Tufa

Joshua George

Tatyana McFadden

McFadden

Marathon

The 2015 London Marathon

London

London

took place

London

London

The 2015 London Marathon

running


Input: The Herrin massacre took place on June 21–22 , 1922 in Herrin , Illinois , in a coal mining area during a nationwide strike by the United Mineworkers of America ( UMWA ) . although the owner of the mine originally agreed with the union to observe the strike , when the price of coal went up , he hired non-union workers to produce and ship out coal , as he had high debt in start-up costs . After an exchange of gunfire by armed guards and union miners , three miners and 20 non-miners were killed , including the superintendent and 19 strikebreakers . Enraged that the owner had disregarded their agreement , on June 21 , union miners shot at strikebreakers going to work , where the mine had armed guards . When striking union members armed themselves and laid siege to the mine , the owner 's guards shot and killed three white union miners in an exchange of gunfire . The next day , union miners killed superintendent McDowell and 18 of 50 strikebreakers and mine guards , many of them brutally . A twentieth victim from the non-union group was later murdered , bringing the death total to 23 .

agreed

the owner of the mine

observe the strike

United Mineworkers of America

UMWA

union

union

union

union

union

union

Herrin

Herrin

disregarded

the owner of the mine

their agreement

strike

United Mineworkers of America

UMWA

union

union

union

union

union

union

America

America

strike

United Mineworkers of America

UMWA

union

union

union

union

union

union

America

America

striking

union members

the mine

Herrin

Herrin

armed

guards

Herrin

Herrin

armed

guards

Herrin

Herrin

work

strikebreakers

Herrin

Herrin

siege

striking union members

the mine

Herrin

Herrin

ship

non-union workers

coal

out

bringing

A twentieth victim from the non-union group was later murdered

the death total

costs

the owner of the mine

high debt in start-up

produce

non-union workers

coal

Herrin

Herrin

death

miners

non-miners

The Herrin massacre

Herrin

Herrin

hired

the owner of the mine

non-union workers

produce and ship out coal

exchange

armed guards

union miners

gunfire

Herrin

Herrin

exchange

armed guards

union miners

gunfire

Herrin

Herrin

massacre

armed guards

union miners

three miners

20 non-miners

Herrin

Herrin

killed

armed guards

union miners

three miners

20 non-miners

the superintendent

19 strikebreakers

Herrin

Herrin

killed

the owner 's guards

three white union miners

Herrin

Herrin

killed

union miners

McDowell

18 of 50 strikebreakers and mine guards

Herrin

Herrin

murdered

union miners

A twentieth victim from the non-union group

Herrin

Herrin

went

the price of coal

up

going to

strikebreakers

Herrin

Herrin

observe

the owner of the mine

the strike

took place

armed guards

union miners

The Herrin massacre

Herrin

Herrin

agreement

the owner of the mine

United Mineworkers of America

UMWA

union

union

union

union

union

union

observe the strike

gunfire

armed guards

union miners

Herrin

Herrin

shot

, union miners

strikebreakers going to work

Herrin

Herrin

shot

the owner 's guards

three white union miners

Herrin

Herrin

gunfire

armed guards

armed guards

Herrin

Herrin


Input: Operation Medak Pocket ( , Операција Медачки џеп ) was a military operation undertaken by the Croatian Army between 9 – 17 September 1993 , in which a salient reaching the south suburbs of Gospić , in the south-central Lika region of Croatia then under the control of the self-proclaimed Republic of Serbian Krajina , was attacked by Croatian forces . The pocket was named after the village of Medak . The Croatian offensive temporarily succeeded in expelling rebel Serb forces from the pocket after several days of fighting . However , the operation ended in controversy due to the skirmish with United Nations peacekeepers and accusations of serious Croatian war crimes against local Serb civilians . although the outcome of the battle against the serbs was a tactical victory for the croatians , it became a serious political liability for the croatian government and international political pressure forced a withdrawal to the previous ceasefire lines . According to UN and Canadian sources , UNPROFOR personnel and Croatian troops exchanged heavy fire , eventually resulting in the Canadian troops driving off a Croatian assault . In Canada , the battle was considered to be one of the most severe battles fought by the Canadian Forces since the Korean War .

reaching

the south suburbs of Gospić

attacked

Croatian forces

The pocket

The pocket

became

Operation Medak Pocket

a serious political liability for the croatian government

forced

international political pressure

a withdrawal to the previous ceasefire lines

resulting in

UNPROFOR personnel and Croatian troops exchanged heavy fire

the Canadian troops driving off a Croatian assault

outcome

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

croatians

Croatian

croatian

the battle against the serbs was a tactical victory

crimes

the Croatian Army

The pocket

The pocket

against local Serb civilians

control

Republic of Serbian Krajina

The pocket

exchanged

UNPROFOR personnel

Croatian troops

accusations

the Croatian Army

of serious Croatian war crimes against local Serb civilians

fought

the Canadian Forces

Serb

Serb

serbs

Canada

Operation

the Croatian Army

Serbian

in the south-central Lika region of Croatia

fighting

the Croatian Army

Republic of Serbian Krajina

The pocket

battle

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

croatians

Croatian

croatian

Serb

Serb

serbs

The pocket

battle

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

croatians

Croatian

croatian

Serb

Serb

serbs

The pocket

driving

the Canadian troops

named

The pocket

after the village of Medak

ended

the skirmish with United Nations peacekeepers

accusations of serious Croatian war crimes against local Serb civilians

Operation Medak Pocket

expelling

The Croatian offensive

rebel Serb forces

the pocket

withdrawal

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

Croatian

croatians

Croatian

croatian

The pocket

to the previous ceasefire lines

considered

Operation Medak Pocket

Canada

one of the most severe battles fought by the Canadian Forces since the Korean War


Input: The 1975 Australian constitutional crisis , also known simply as the Dismissal , has been described as the greatest political and constitutional crisis in Australian history . it culminated on 11 november 1975 with the dismissal from office of the prime minister , gough whitlam of the australian labor party ( alp ) , by governor-general sir john kerr , who then commissioned the leader of the opposition , malcolm fraser of the liberal party , as caretaker prime minister . whitlam 's labor government had been elected in 1972 with a small majority in the house of representatives , but with the senate balance of power being held by the democratic labor party who usually supported the liberal-country opposition . Another election in 1974 resulted in little change . While the Whitlam Government introduced many new policies and programs , it was also rocked by scandals and political miscalculations . in october 1975 , the opposition used its control of the senate to defer passage of appropriation bills ( needed to finance government expenditure ) , that had been passed by the house of representatives . the opposition stated that they would continue their stance unless whitlam called an election for the house of representatives , and urged kerr to dismiss whitlam unless he agreed to their demand . Whitlam believed that Kerr would not dismiss him , and Kerr did nothing to disabuse Whitlam of this notion . On 11 November 1975 , Whitlam intended to call a half-Senate election in an attempt to break the deadlock . When he went to seek Kerr 's approval of the election , Kerr instead dismissed him as Prime Minister and shortly thereafter installed Fraser in his place . Acting quickly before all ALP parliamentarians became aware of the change of government , Fraser and his allies were able to secure passage of the appropriation bills , and Kerr dissolved Parliament for a double dissolution election . Fraser and his government were returned with a massive majority in the election held the following month . The events of the Dismissal led to only minor constitutional change . The Senate retained its power to block supply , and the Governor-General the power to dismiss government ministers . However , these powers have not since been used to force a government from office . Kerr was widely criticised by Labor supporters for his actions , resigned early as Governor-General , and lived much of his remaining life abroad .

became

ALP parliamentarians

aware of the change of government

Australian

rocked

scandals and political miscalculations

Whitlam Government

Australian

resulted in

Another election in 1974

little change

led to

The events of the Dismissal

only minor constitutional change

change

Another election

Australian

little change

change

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

government

Australian

Kerr instead dismissed him as Prime Minister and shortly thereafter installed Fraser in his place

change

constitutional

Australian

The events of the Dismissal

The Senate retained its power to block supply

the Governor-General the power to dismiss government ministers

defer

the opposition

passage of appropriation bills

election

whitlam 's labor government

the house of representatives

elected

whitlam 's labor government

the house of representatives

dismissal

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

malcolm fraser

Fraser

Fraser

Fraser

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

the australian labor party

caretaker prime minister

Australian

Dismissal

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

malcolm fraser

Fraser

Fraser

Fraser

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

the australian labor party

caretaker prime minister

Australian

installed

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

Fraser

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

caretaker prime minister

caretaker prime minister

Australian

election

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

Fraser

caretaker prime minister

Australian

election

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

Australian

election

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

Fraser

caretaker prime minister

Australian

resigned

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

governor-general

Australian

election

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

Australian

election

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

Australian

aware

ALP parliamentarians

the change of government

control

the opposition

the senate

introduced

Whitlam Government

many new policies and programs

Australian

break

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

the deadlock

Australian

dissolved

Parliament

held

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

Australian

election

Fraser and his government were returned with a massive majority

held

the democratic labor party

Australian

the senate balance of power

dismiss

dismissed

dismiss

criticised

Labor supporters

Kerr

his actions

believed

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

believed that Kerr would not dismiss him

Australian

crisis

the opposition

Australian

went to

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

returned

Fraser and his government

retained

The Senate

its power to block supply

Australian

block

The Senate

supply

its power

urged

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

dismiss whitlam

force

The Senate

the Governor-General

a government

stated

the opposition

they would continue their stance unless whitlam called an election for the house of representatives

urged kerr to dismiss whitlam unless he agreed to their demand

Australian

described

The 1975 Australian constitutional crisis

as the greatest political and constitutional crisis in Australian history

Australian

supply

The Senate

approval

john kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

Kerr

kerr

gough whitlam

whitlam

he

Whitlam

Whitlam

Whitlam

he

Australian

used

the opposition

its control of the senate

Australian

defer passage of appropriation bills

used

The Senate retained its power to block supply

the Governor-General the power to dismiss government ministers

Australian

force a government from office


Input: The Khojaly Massacre , also known as the Khojaly tragedy , was the killing of at least 161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians from the town of Khojaly on 26 February 1992 . According to the Azerbaijani side , as well as the Memorial Human Rights Center , Human Rights Watch and other international observers , the massacre was committed by the ethnic Armenian armed forces , reportedly with help of some military personnel of the 366th CIS regiment , apparently not acting on orders from the command . The death toll claimed by Azerbaijani authorities is 613 civilians , including 106 women and 63 children . The event became the largest massacre in the course of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict . Western governments and the western media refer to it as the `` Khojaly massacre '' , `` Khojaly tragedy '' or the `` Battle for Khojaly '' . Azerbaijani sources occasionally refer to the massacre as the `` Khojaly genocide '' ( ) and the `` Khojaly tragedy '' ( ) .

orders

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

The Khojaly Massacre

help

the 366th CIS regiment

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

The Khojaly Massacre

Khojaly

became

The Khojaly Massacre

the largest massacre

committed

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

The Khojaly Massacre

command

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

death

161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

The Khojaly Massacre

Khojaly

Massacre

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

at least 161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

massacre

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

at least 161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

massacre

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

at least 161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

massacre

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

at least 161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

massacre

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

at least 161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

tragedy

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

killing

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

tragedy

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

Battle

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

genocide

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

tragedy

the ethnic Armenian armed forces

the 366th CIS regiment

161 ethnic Azerbaijani civilians

Khojaly

conflict

Nagorno-Karabakh

Nagorno-Karabakh

refer

Western governments

the western media

The Khojaly Massacre

Khojaly massacre

Khojaly tragedy

Battle for Khojaly

refer

Azerbaijani

Azerbaijani

Azerbaijani

Azerbaijani

The Khojaly Massacre

Khojaly genocide

Khojaly tragedy

claimed

Azerbaijani authorities

613 civilians

including 106 women and 63 children


Input: India Is is a series of photography and video challenges organized by the Public Diplomacy Division ( PDD ) of the Ministry of External Affairs ( MEA ) , Government of India . Both of the contests invite photo and video entries , respectively , on given themes . the first edition of the india is global video challenge was launched in october 2011 , during the tenure of the then under secretary of the public diplomacy division abhay kumar and joint secretary navdeep suri . ; which was followed by the next edition in November 2012 . The first edition of the photograph challenge was launched in October 2012 . The aim of the Challenges is to highlight the 'soft power ' prevalent in India , to better understand India ’ s influence abroad and the perception others share about India .

highlight

Public Diplomacy Division ( PDD )

a series of photography and video challenges

organized

Public Diplomacy Division ( PDD )

India Is

highlight the 'soft power ' prevalent in India , to better understand India ’ s influence abroad and the perception others share about India

challenge

photography

video

India Is

Public Diplomacy Division ( PDD )

challenge

video

India Is

Public Diplomacy Division ( PDD )

understand

India

India ’ s influence abroad

the perception others share about India

launched

Public Diplomacy Division ( PDD )

India Is

highlight the 'soft power ' prevalent in India , to better understand India ’ s influence abroad and the perception others share about India .

launched

Public Diplomacy Division ( PDD )

India Is

the tenure of the then under secretary of the public diplomacy division abhay kumar

joint secretary navdeep suri

to highlight the 'soft power ' prevalent in India , to better understand India ’ s influence abroad and the perception others share about India

invite

Public Diplomacy Division ( PDD )

photo and video entries , respectively , on given themes


Input: The 1948 Ashes series was that year 's edition of the long-standing cricket rivalry between England and Australia . Starting on 10 June 1948 , England and Australia played five Tests . australia had not lost a test since the second world war and were strong favourites . their captain don bradman had publicly expressed his ambition of going through the tour without defeat , and australia won 10 of their 12 lead-up matches , eight by an innings . The England team , however , had several notable players themselves , including Len Hutton , Denis Compton and Alec Bedser . nevertheless , the final result was a unk series win for australia , with the third test being drawn . They thus retained The Ashes . The Australians remained undefeated for their entire tour of England , earning them the sobriquet of `` The Invincibles '' . the first test set the trend for the series as england 's batsmen struggled against the australian pace attack and , despite attempting to stifle the australian scoring with leg theory , fell to an eventual defeat . failure to contain the australian batsmen , particularly bradman himself , plagued the english bowlers , while their batsmen were prone to struggling and collapsing on key occasions , with rain petering the third test into a draw . the series saw a number of notable cricketing feats , including a unk partnership between bradman and arthur morris , aided by many dropped catches and missed stumpings , during the fourth test , and australia 's heaviest win of the series in the fifth test , where england were bowled out for 52 in half a day . Australia then made 389 , with Bradman making a famous duck in his final innings . England were then bowled out for 188 to lose by an innings and 149 runs in less than three days ' playing time .

aided

many dropped catches

missed stumpings

arthur morris

don bradman

bradman

Bradman

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

bowled

rivalry

Australia

Australia

australia

australia

australia

Australians

australian

australian

australia

Australia

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

cricket

The 1948 Ashes series

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

149 runs

matches

Australia

Australia

australia

australia

australia

Australians

australian

australian

australia

Australia

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

cricket

The 1948 Ashes series

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

struggled

england 's batsmen

the australian pace attack

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

struggling

australian batsmen

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

lost

Australia

Australia

australia

australia

australia

Australians

australian

australian

australia

Australia

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

test

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

earning

Australia

Australia

australia

australia

australia

Australians

australian

australian

australia

Australia

the sobriquet of `` The Invincibles ''

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

lose

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

Australia

Australia

australia

australia

australia

Australians

australian

australian

australia

Australia

The 1948 Ashes series

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

dropped

arthur morris

don bradman

bradman

Bradman

catches

expressed

don bradman

bradman

Bradman

his ambition

going through the tour without defeat

stifle

england 's batsmen

australian scoring

attack

Australia

Australia

australia

australia

australia

Australians

australian

australian

australia

Australia

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

collapsing

played

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

Australia

Australia

australia

australia

australia

Australians

australian

australian

australia

Australia

The 1948 Ashes series

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

retained

Australia

Australia

australia

australia

australia

Australians

australian

australian

australia

Australia

The Ashes

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

Starting

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England

Australia

Australia

australia

australia

australia

Australians

australian

australian

australia

Australia

The 1948 Ashes series

England

England

England

England

england

english

england

England


Input: The Illinois State Fair is an annual festival , centering on the theme of agriculture , hosted by the U.S. state of Illinois in the state capital , Springfield . The state fair has been celebrated almost every year since 1853 . In 2018 369,144 visits were tallied . This marked a sharp decline from the more than 700,000 visitors counted in 2008 , when the fair had been the 13th largest state fair in the United States . Currently , the fair is held annually at the Illinois State Fairgrounds over an 11-day period in mid-August of each year . In 2018 , the State Fair was held from August 9-19 , and an admission fee was charged .

decline

visitors

Springfield

hosted

the U.S. state of Illinois

The Illinois State Fair

Springfield

charged

visitors

the U.S. state of Illinois

admission

held

the U.S. state of Illinois

Illinois State Fairgrounds

The Illinois State Fair

held

the U.S. state of Illinois

Springfield

The Illinois State Fair

an admission fee was charged

centering

the U.S. state of Illinois

theme

agriculture

tallied

369,144 visits

Springfield

marked

369,144 visits

a sharp decline

Springfield

Fair

the U.S. state of Illinois

fair

Springfield

fair

the U.S. state of Illinois

fair

Springfield

fair

the U.S. state of Illinois

fair

Springfield

fair

the U.S. state of Illinois

fair

Springfield

Fair

the U.S. state of Illinois

fair

Springfield

festival

the U.S. state of Illinois

Springfield

celebrated

the U.S. state of Illinois

Springfield

fair

the U.S. state of Illinois

U.S.

United States

visits

Springfield


Input: The Speak Now World Tour was the second concert tour by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift . Also referred to as the Speak Now World Tour 2011 and Speak Now World Tour 2012 , the tour was launched in support of her third studio album `` Speak Now '' ( 2010 ) . The tour visited Asia , Europe , North America , and Oceania . It was ranked 10th in Pollstar 's `` Top 50 Worldwide Tour ( Mid-Year ) '' , earning over $ 40 million . at the conclusion of 2011 , the tour was placed fourth on pollstar 's annual `` top 25 worldwide tours '' , earning $ 104.2 million with 100 shows . This made it the highest-grossing female and solo tour of 2011 .

referred

The Speak Now World Tour

Speak Now World Tour 2012

the Speak Now World Tour 2011

made it

at the conclusion of 2011 , the tour was placed fourth on pollstar 's annual `` top 25 worldwide tours '' , earning $ 104.2 million with 100 shows

the highest-grossing female and solo tour of 2011

earning

The Speak Now World Tour

$ 104.2 million

Asia

Europe

North America

Oceania

earning

The Speak Now World Tour

over $ 40 million

Asia

Europe

North America

Oceania

ranked

The Speak Now World Tour

10th in Pollstar 's `` Top 50 Worldwide Tour ( Mid-Year ) ''

placed

The Speak Now World Tour

fourth on pollstar 's annual `` top 25 worldwide tours ''

launched

Taylor Swift

The Speak Now World Tour

in support of her third studio album `` Speak Now '' ( 2010 )

support

The Speak Now World Tour

Speak Now

tour

Taylor Swift

Asia

Europe

North America

Oceania

visited

Taylor Swift

Asia

Europe

North America

Oceania


Input: Operation Rösselsprung ( Knight 's move ) was a combined airborne and ground assault by the German XV Mountain Corps and their allies on the Supreme Headquarters of the Yugoslav Partisans located in the Bosnian town of Drvar in the Independent State of Croatia during World War II . The operation was launched on 25 May 1944 , and was aimed at capturing or killing the Partisan leader Marshal Josip Broz Tito and destroying the headquarters , support facilities and co-located Allied military missions . It is associated with the Seventh Enemy Offensive ( ) in Yugoslav history , forming part of the Seven Enemy Offensives historiographical framework . The airborne assault itself is also known as the Raid on Drvar ( ) . Operation Rösselsprung was a coup de main operation , involving direct action by a combined parachute and glider-borne assault by the 500th SS Parachute Battalion and a planned subsequent link-up with ground forces of the XV Mountain Corps converging on Drvar . The airborne assault was preceded by heavy bombing of the town by the Luftwaffe . The ground forces included Home Guard forces of the Independent State of Croatia along with collaborationist Chetniks . Tito , his principal headquarters staff and the Allied military personnel escaped , despite their presence in Drvar at the time of the airborne assault . The operation failed due to a number of factors , including fierce Partisan resistance in the town itself and along the approaches to Drvar . The failure of the various German intelligence agencies to share the limited intelligence available on Tito 's exact location and the lack of contingency planning by the commander of the German airborne force also contributed to the unsuccessful outcome for the Germans .

aimed

German XV Mountain Corps

German

German

Germans

Operation Rösselsprung

Drvar

Marshal Josip Broz Tito

Tito

Tito

planning

the commander of the German airborne force

contingency planning

assault

German XV Mountain Corps

German

German

Germans

their allies

the Supreme Headquarters of the Yugoslav Partisans

Drvar

bombing

Luftwaffe

Drvar

Drvar

converging

500th SS Parachute Battalion

XV Mountain Corps

Drvar

Operation Rösselsprung

capturing

German XV Mountain Corps

German

German

Germans

Drvar

Drvar

Operation Rösselsprung

destroying

German XV Mountain Corps

German

German

Germans

the headquarters

support facilities

co-located Allied military missions

Drvar

killing

German XV Mountain Corps

German

German

Germans

Marshal Josip Broz Tito

Tito

Tito

Drvar

operation

German XV Mountain Corps

German

German

Germans

the Supreme Headquarters of the Yugoslav Partisans

Drvar

launched

German XV Mountain Corps

German

German

Germans

Operation Rösselsprung

Drvar

capturing or killing the Partisan leader Marshal Josip Broz Tito

destroying the headquarters , support facilities and co-located Allied military missions

preceded

German XV Mountain Corps

German

German

Germans

Operation Rösselsprung

Drvar

heavy bombing of the town by the Luftwaffe

capturing or killing the Partisan leader Marshal Josip Broz Tito

destroying the headquarters , support facilities and co-located Allied military missions

escaped

Tito

his principal headquarters

the Allied military personnel

Drvar

Drvar

Drvar

Drvar

support


Input: The Armory Show , also known as the International Exhibition of Modern Art , was a show organized by the Association of American Painters and Sculptors in 1913 . It was the first large exhibition of modern art in America , as well as one of the many exhibitions that have been held in the vast spaces of U.S. National Guard armories . The three-city exhibition started in New York City 's 69th Regiment Armory , on Lexington Avenue between 25th and 26th Streets , from February 17 until March 15 , 1913 . The exhibition went on to show at the Art Institute of Chicago and then to The Copley Society of Art in Boston , where , due to a lack of space , all the work by American artists was removed . The show became an important event in the history of American art , introducing astonished Americans , who were accustomed to realistic art , to the experimental styles of the European avant garde , including Fauvism , Cubism , and Futurism . The show served as a catalyst for American artists , who became more independent and created their own `` artistic language . '' The origins of the show lie in the emergence of progressive groups and independent exhibitions in the early 20th century ( with significant French precedents ) , which challenged the aesthetic ideals , exclusionary policies , and authority of the National Academy of Design , while expanding exhibition and sales opportunities , enhancing public knowledge , and enlarging audiences for contemporary art .

organized

the Association of American Painters

The Armory Show

It was the first large exhibition of modern art in America

became

The Armory Show

an important event in the history of American art

New York

Chicago

Boston

became

American artists

more independent

U.S.

enhancing

The Armory Show

public

New York

Chicago

Boston

emergence

progressive groups

independent exhibitions

created

American artists

own `` artistic language

U.S.

expanding

The Armory Show

exhibition and sales opportunities

enlarging

The Armory Show

audiences for contemporary art

served

The Armory Show

American artists

New York

Chicago

Boston

a catalyst

held

U.S. National Guard armories

exhibitions

went on

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

started

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

removed

The Armory Show

all the work by American artists

The Copley Society of Art

Boston

exhibitions

exhibitions

U.S. National Guard armories

exhibitions

artists

Show

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston

Exhibition

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston

show

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston

exhibition

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston

exhibition

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston

exhibition

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston

show

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston

event

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston

show

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston

show

the Association of American Painters and Sculptors

The Armory Show

New York

Chicago

Boston


Input: Operation Market Garden was a failed World War II military operation fought in the Netherlands from 17 to 25 September 1944 . It was the brainchild of Field Marshal Sir Bernard Law Montgomery , planned primarily by Generals Brereton and Williams of the USAAF . The airborne part of the operation was undertaken by the First Allied Airborne Army with the land operation by XXX Corps of the British Second Army . The objective was to create a salient into German territory with a bridgehead over the River Rhine , creating an Allied invasion route into northern Germany . This was to be achieved by seizing a series of nine bridges by Airborne forces with land forces swiftly following moving over the bridges . The operation succeeded in liberating the Dutch cities of Eindhoven and Nijmegen along with many towns , creating a salient into German-held territory limiting V-2 rocket launching sites . It failed , however , to secure a bridgehead over the Rhine , halting at the river . Market Garden consisted of two sub operations : The attack was the largest airborne operation up to that point in World War II . Supreme Commander General Eisenhower 's strategic goal was to encircle the heart of German industry , the Ruhr Area , in a pincer movement . The northern end of the pincer would circumvent the northern end of the Siegfried Line , giving easier access into Germany across the north German plains enabling mobile warfare . The prime aim of Operation Market Garden was to establish the northern end of a pincer ready to project deeper into Germany . Allied forces would project north from Belgium , through the Netherlands , across the Rhine and consolidate north of Arnhem on the Dutch/German border , ready to close the pincer . The operation made massive use of airborne forces , whose tactical objectives were to secure the bridges and to allow a rapid advance by armored ground units to consolidate north of Arnhem . The operation required the seizure of the bridges by airborne troops across the Meuse River , two arms of the Rhine ( the Waal River and the Lower Rhine ) , together with crossings over several smaller canals and tributaries . However , this large airborne force contrasted with the ground forces being light with only one corps moving north of Eindhoven , XXX Corps . XXX Corps took along 5,000 vehicles full of bridging equipment and 9,000 sappers . The Allies captured several bridges between Eindhoven and Nijmegen at the beginning of the operation . Lieutenant-General Brian Horrocks ' XXX Corps ground force advance was delayed by the initial failure of the airborne units to secure bridges at Son en Breugel and Nijmegen . German forces demolished the bridge over the Wilhelmina Canal at Son before it could be captured by the US 101st Airborne Division , although a Bailey bridge was then built over the canal by British sappers . This delayed XXX Corps ' advance by 12 hours , however they made up the time , reaching Nijmegen on schedule . The US 82nd Airborne Division 's failure to capture the main highway bridge over the Waal River at Nijmegen before 20 September delayed the advance by 36 hours . XXX Corps had to seize the bridge themselves instead of speeding over a captured bridge onwards to Arnhem , where the British paratroopers were still holding the north end of the bridge . at the northern point of the airborne operation , the british 1st airborne division initially encountered strong resistance . The delays in capturing the bridge at Nijmegen and constructing a Bailey bridge at Son gave time for German forces ( the 9th SS Panzer Division `` Hohenstaufen '' and 10th SS Panzer Division `` Frundsberg '' , which were in the Arnhem area at the start of the jump ) to organise their counterattack . A small British force managed to capture the north end of the Arnhem road bridge , denying use of the intact bridge to German forces . After the ground forces failed to relieve the paratroopers on time , they were overrun on 21 September . at the same time that xxx corps ' tanks moved over the nijmegen bridge , 36 hours late , after seizing it from the germans , the british paratroopers at the arnhem bridge were capitulating , unable to hold on any longer . The remainder of the British 1st Airborne Division was trapped in a small pocket west of the Arnhem bridge , which was evacuated on 25 September after sustaining heavy casualties . The Allies had failed to cross the Rhine . The river remained a barrier to their advance into Germany until offensives at Remagen , Oppenheim , Rees and Wesel in March 1945 . The failure of Operation Market Garden to form a foothold over the Rhine ended Allied hopes of finishing the war by Christmas 1944 .

achieved

Airborne forces with land forces swiftly following moving over the bridges

seizing a series of nine bridges

planned

Generals Brereton

Williams of the USAAF

Operation Market Garden

organise

German forces ( the 9th SS Panzer Division `` Hohenstaufen ''

10th SS Panzer Division `` Frundsberg ''

counterattack

reaching

XXX Corps

Nijmegen

attack

was the largest airborne operation up to that point in World War II

encircle

Supreme Commander General Eisenhower

the Ruhr Area

the Ruhr Area

built

British sappers

Bailey bridge

over the Wilhelmina Canal

constructing

a Bailey bridge

Son

consolidate

Allied forces

consolidate

Allied forces

delayed

XXX Corps ' advance

German forces demolished the bridge

made up

XXX Corps ' advance

reaching Nijmegen

delayed

Lieutenant-General Brian Horrocks ' XXX Corps ground force advance

the initial failure of the airborne units to secure bridges at Son en Breugel and Nijmegen

form

a foothold

over the Rhine

encountered

the british 1st airborne division

strong resistance

at the northern point of the airborne operation

captured

the US 101st Airborne Division

German forces

Operation Market Garden

capturing

Nijmegen

Operation Market Garden

seize

XXX Corps

Operation Market Garden

took

captured

The Allies

between Eindhoven and Nijmegen

capture

The US 82nd Airborne Division

at Nijmegen

Operation Market Garden

capture

A small British force

the north end of the Arnhem road bridge

Operation Market Garden

create

Field Marshal Sir Bernard Law Montgomery

Generals Brereton

Williams of the USAAF

Operation Market Garden

to create a salient into German territory with a bridgehead over the River Rhine

creating an Allied invasion route into northern Germany

creating

Field Marshal Sir Bernard Law Montgomery

Generals Brereton

Williams of the USAAF

Operation Market Garden

to create a salient into German territory with a bridgehead over the River Rhine

creating an Allied invasion route into northern Germany

creating

an Allied invasion route into northern Germany

establish

Field Marshal Sir Bernard Law Montgomery

Generals Brereton

Williams of the USAAF

Operation Market Garden

establish the northern end of a pincer ready to project deeper into Germany

relieve

hold

the germans

the british paratroopers

the arnhem bridge

the arnhem bridge

holding

the British paratroopers

the north end of the bridge

demolished

German forces

the bridge over the Wilhelmina Canal

Son

failed

to secure a bridgehead over the Rhine

failure

The US 82nd Airborne Division

to capture the main highway bridge over the Waal River

at Nijmegen

failed

The Allies

to cross the Rhine

failed

the ground forces

to relieve the paratroopers on time

giving

The northern end of the pincer

easier access into Germany

gave

German forces ( the 9th SS Panzer Division `` Hohenstaufen ''

10th SS Panzer Division `` Frundsberg ''

time

fought

Netherlands

Netherlands

Operation

Netherlands

operation

Netherlands

moving

land forces

moving

only one corps

north of Eindhoven

moved

xxx corps ' tanks

the nijmegen bridge

cross

The Allies

the Rhine

enabling

mobile warfare

allow

The operation

a rapid advance

halting

bridgehead

at the river

ended

Allied hopes of finishing the war

The failure of Operation Market Garden to form a foothold over the Rhine

over the Rhine

required

The operation

the seizure of the bridges

evacuated

The remainder of the British 1st Airborne Division

a small pocket west of the Arnhem bridge

capitulating

the british paratroopers

the germans

the arnhem bridge


Input: Group A of the Division II tournament was held in Auckland , New Zealand , from April 7 to 13 . Group B was contested in Puigcerdà , Spain , from April 1 to 7 . The winner of Group A was promoted to Division I Group B for the 2014 championships , while the last-placed team were relegated to Group B . The Group B winner moved up to Group A . The qualification tournament was held from December 7 to 9 , 2012 in Izmir Turkey . Beginning this year , the winner of the qualification tournament has to wait until the following year to play in Group B .

moved up

The Group B winner

Group A

Puigcerdà

promoted

The winner of Group A

Division I Group B for the 2014 championships

tournament

Group A of the Division II tournament

Auckland

New Zealand

championships

the 2014 championships

tournament

The qualification tournament

Izmir

Turkey

tournament

The qualification tournament

Izmir

Turkey

contested

Group B

Puigcerdà

Spain

held

Turkey

Izmir

The qualification tournament

held

play

the winner of the qualification tournament

Group B

wait

the winner of the qualification tournament

the following year to play in Group B

Izmir


Input: The Cult of the Lord Holy Christ of the Miracles ( ) , popularly known as `` Senhor Santo Cristo '' or `` Santo Cristo dos Milagres '' is a religious veneration associated with an image of Jesus Christ , depicted in the events of the New Testament ( presented in Luke 23:1-25 ) . The wooden image of Christ , by unknown artist , in a Renaissance-style representation of the `` Ecce Homo '' , represents the episode of Jesus of Nazareth 's life when the martyred religious figure was presented to the crowd following his whipping , and includes a crown of thorns , uncovered torso and bruised/beaten body . Narrated in the New Testament , the artist represented in grande artistic style the contrast between violence on the body and the serenity of the expression , emphasized by the gaze from the image . Normally , this statue and piece of art is on display in the Sanctuary of the Lord Holy Christ , in the Convent of Our Lady of Hope ( in Ponta Delgada , on the island of São Miguel in the Azores ) , but annually leads a procession through the streets of the city . The festivals in honour of the Lord Holy Christ of the Miracles occur on the fifth Sunday after Easter , the day on which a great procession winds the streets of the provincial capital , and terminating on the Thursday of Ascension . These events are the most and oldest religious devotions still carried out in Portugal , with the popular feasts at the Sanctuary of the Sovereign Mother , in Loulé , and the 20th century celebrations in honour of Our Lady of Fátima having comparable interest . Annually , the celebrations in Ponta Delgada attract thousands of Azoreans , Luso-descendants and peoples from the various islands of the archipelago to São Miguel .

leads

this statue and piece of art

a procession through the streets of the city

represented

the artist

The wooden image of Christ

New Testament

New Testament

the contrast between violence on the body and the serenity of the expression

represents the episode of Jesus of Nazareth 's life

occur

The festivals in honour of the Lord Holy Christ of the Miracles

Ponta Delgada

Ponta Delgada

Narrated

the artist

The wooden image of Christ

New Testament

New Testament

depicted

The Cult of the Lord Holy Christ of the Miracles

New Testament

New Testament

attract

the celebrations in Ponta Delgada

Azoreans

Luso-descendants

peoples from the various islands of the archipelago

presented

The Cult of the Lord Holy Christ of the Miracles

Luke

presented

The wooden image of Christ

The Cult of the Lord Holy Christ

terminating

The festivals in honour of the Lord Holy Christ of the Miracles

on the Thursday of Ascension

Ponta Delgada

Ponta Delgada


Input: The Battle of San Juan , also known as the Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos , was the first of two battles in the Lima Campaign during the War of the Pacific , and was fought on 13 January 1881 . This battle is really a group of smaller , yet fierce confrontations at the defensive strongholds of Villa , Chorrillos , Santiago de Surco , San Juan de Miraflores , Santa Teresa and Morro Solar . The Chilean army led by Gen. Manuel Baquedano inflicted a harsh defeat on the Peruvian army commanded by the Supreme Chief Nicolás de Piérola . The Chilean triumph eliminated the first defensive line guarding Lima , and almost obliterated the Peruvian army defending it . at the end of the battle , the town of chorrillos was burnt to the ground by the chilean army trying to eradicate the peruvian defenders garrisoned there . During the night , civilian abuses were committed by drunk soldiers . Despite this result , another battle had to be fought in order that the Chilean army could enter the Peruvian capital city at Miraflores , two days later .

enter

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

Miraflores

defeat

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Villa

Chorrillos

Santiago de Surco

San Juan de Miraflores

Santa Teresa

Morro Solar

The Battle of San Juan

commanded

Nicolás de Piérola

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

defending

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Villa

Chorrillos

Santiago de Surco

San Juan de Miraflores

Santa Teresa

Morro Solar

the defensive strongholds

burnt

obliterated

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Villa

Chorrillos

Santiago de Surco

San Juan de Miraflores

Santa Teresa

Morro Solar

eliminated

battles

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

fought

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Villa

Chorrillos

Santiago de Surco

San Juan de Miraflores

Santa Teresa

Morro Solar

Battle

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Villa

Chorrillos

Santiago de Surco

San Juan de Miraflores

Santa Teresa

Morro Solar

Battle

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Villa

Chorrillos

Santiago de Surco

San Juan de Miraflores

Santa Teresa

Morro Solar

battle

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Villa

Chorrillos

Santiago de Surco

San Juan de Miraflores

Santa Teresa

Morro Solar

battle

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Villa

Chorrillos

Santiago de Surco

San Juan de Miraflores

Santa Teresa

Morro Solar

fought

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Miraflores

battle

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

Miraflores

eradicate

Chilean army

chilean army

Chilean army

peruvian

Peruvian army

Peruvian army

Peruvian

chorrillos

Lima

Lima

chorrillos

the town of chorrillos was burnt to the ground