A gravity theory called scalar-tensor-vector gravity (STVG) has been recently developed and succeeded in solar system, astrophysical and cosmological scales without dark matter [J. W. Moffat, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 03, 004 (2006)]. However, two assumptions have been used: (i) $B(r)=A^{-1}(r)$, where $B(r)$ and $A(r)$ are $g_{00}$ and $g_{rr}$ in the Schwarzschild coordinates (static and spherically symmetric); (ii) scalar field $G=Const.$ in the solar system. These two assumptions actually imply that the standard parametrized post-Newtonian parameter $\gamma=1$. In this paper, we relax these two assumptions and study STVG further by using the post-Newtonian (PN) approximation approach. With abandoning the assumptions, we find $\gamma\neq1$ in general cases of STVG. Then, a version of modified STVG (MSTVG) is proposed through introducing a coupling function of scalar field G: $\theta(G)$. We have derived the metric and equations of motion (EOM) in 1PN for general matter without specific equation of state and $N$ point masses firstly. Subsequently, the secular periastron precession $\dot{\omega}$ of binary pulsars in harmonic coordinates is given. After discussing two PPN parameters ($\gamma$ and $\beta$) and two Yukawa parameters ($\alpha$ and $\lambda$), we use $\dot{\omega}$ of four binary pulsars data (PSR B1913+16, PSR B1534+12, PSR J0737-3039 and PSR B2127+11C) to constrain the Yukawa parameters for MSTVG: $\lambda=(3.97\pm0.01)\times10^{8}$m and $\alpha=(2.40\pm0.02)\times10^{-8}$ if we fix $|2\gamma-\beta-1|=0$.


If the city moves forward with an ambitious plan to guide office and housing development in Central SoMa, Pinterest hopes to add a vertical 11-story addition to its headquarters at 505 Brannan St.A proposal filed by TMG Partners, one of the original six-story building developers, includes an 11-story addition that would add 165,000 square feet to the site and bring its height to 240 feet.The current building offers 129,450 square feet in office space and is 85 feet tall, but the site is permitted for a structure 250 feet tall, according to SF Planning documents.The addition is anticipated to cost $38 million.The project will contribute to the city's affordable housing development efforts by paying "substantial fees to the Jobs-Housing Linkage Program," as well as complying with other Central SoMa neighborhood requirements, according to documents TMG filed with SF Planning.According to the city, the current Jobs-Linkage Housing fee for office space is about $26.95/gross square foot, which could add up to more than $4 million for the proposed 165,000-square-foot addition.The project would also generate about $3.4 million in fees to support public transportation, and 1 percent of the project cost would go toward public art on site or elsewhere.The Central SoMa plan, as formally introduced by Acting Mayor Mark Ferrell and District 6 Supervisor and mayoral candidate Jane Kim last month, intends to add 40,000 new jobs and 7,000 associated housing units in the area South of Market and North of Townsend between 2nd and 6th streets.The plan has been crafted over the past six years "to take advantage of the $1.57 billion Central Subway," reports the. At least 33 percent of the housing will be permanently affordable and the new development in the neighborhood is expected to generate nearly half a billion dollars in funding for local and regional transit improvements, according to SF Planning.The housing stock in Eastern SoMa is currently 25 percent single-room occupancy hotels, catering to the lowest income residents in the city.According to the ordinance to be considered by the SF Planning Commission later this month, the plan aims to retain SRO hotels, which primarily serve "elderly, disabled, and single-person households."SF Planning's Historic Preservation Committee is slated to consider legislation adopting the Central SoMa plan on Wednesday, March 21st, and the Planning Commission will get a briefing on the legislative package the following day


Breaking News Emails Get breaking news alerts and special reports. The news and stories that matter, delivered weekday mornings. SUBSCRIBE The scope of the Facebook data harvesting scandal likely extended far beyond 87 million people, according to a former Cambridge Analytica employee who described how a "sex compass" app was used to gather data. Brittany Kaiser, who worked for Cambridge Analytica for almost three years before leaving in January, testified before the United Kingdom's Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee in London on Tuesday as part of its investigation into disinformation and fake news, providing fresh information into how the secretive data analysis company operated. In addition to the "This Is Your Digital Life" survey developed by Cambridge University researcher Aleksandr Kogan, Kaiser said Cambridge Analytica and its partners used a wide range of surveys to collect information on Facebook users — including a "sex compass" app that asked people about their "personal preferences." "I do not know the specifics of these surveys or how the data was acquired or processed," she said. "But I believe it is almost certain that the number of Facebook users whose data was compromised through routes similar to that used by Kogan is much greater than 87 million, and that both Cambridge Analytica and other unconnected companies and campaigns were involved in these activities." When she first joined the company in February 2015, Kaiser said its data science, psychology and creative teams would work together to create surveys in order to get Facebook users to provide access to their accounts. Cambridge Analytica has been under scrutiny after a whistleblower came forward alleging that the firm, which worked on President Donald Trump's campaign, used Facebook data to target U.S. voters based on personality traits. Kaiser said she would tell clients about viral personality quizzes on Facebook and how these applications could be used to harvest information from users who agreed to give the app access to their profiles. It continued to be a part of the company's sales pitch to "commercial, political and defense clients" even after Facebook requested that Cambridge Analytica delete the data, she said. Until 2014, Facebook's developer platform allowed connected apps to take almost any data they wanted from a user who authorized their app. The policy was so loose that it even allowed developers to gather some basic information from the profiles of a person's friends — even if those friends had not opted in to sharing their information.


were able to gain access to Lerner Hall — amassing in the lobby and chanting, “If we don’t get no justice, then they don’t get no peace.” Many held up signs saying “Black Lives Matter,” “Dismantle White Supremacy” and “F–k Nazis.” The protesters included students, city residents and members of the anti-fascist movement, or antifa. “Punch a Nazi in the face — every nation every race,” the group chanted. “Racist, sexist, anti-gay — NYPD go away!” Cernovich was one of the biggest supporters of the Pizzagate conspiracy last year, which falsely claimed that leaders in the Democratic party were involved in a child sex trafficking ring that was being run out of a restaurant in Washington. The controversial blogger has tried to disassociate himself from the alt-right movement following the deadly events in Charlottesville — instead dubbing himself a member of the “New Right,” which is a phrase he coined last year. Other right-wing provocateurs, such as Milo Yiannopoulous, have started using the term in the attempt to distance themselves from white nationalists and alt-right leaders like Richard Spencer. Some of the Columbia students that were involved in the Cernovich protests also demonstrated outside the school earlier this month when anti-Islam activist Tommy Robinson, of the UK, was invited to speak by the CUCR. More than two dozen people managed to make it inside the venue and were able to disrupt a portion of his speech. Robinson was ultimately forced to end the event early. Social media users had been hinting that there would be spats of violence at Columbia on Monday night during Cernovich’s speech. In the days leading up to his arrival, school officials warned that anyone who disrupts the event would face disciplinary action. Several people interrupted Cernovich, though it’s unclear if they were students or if they’ll be punished.


We model the expected X-ray polarisation induced by complex reprocessing in the active nucleus of the Seyfert-2 galaxy NGC 1068. Recent analysis of infrared interferometry observations suggests that the ionised outflows ejected by the central engine are not aligned with the symmetry axis of the obscuring torus. This conclusion was obtained by extrapolating the apparent orientation of the narrow line region to the inner parts of the ionisation cones. We show that future measurements of the soft X-ray polarisation vector unambiguously determine the orientation of the ionisation cones. Furthermore, X-ray polarimetry across a broad photon energy range may independently verify the misalignment between the ionisation cones and the axis of the torus. To model the expected polarisation percentage and position angle, we apply the radiative transfer code STOKES. Reprocessing of the primary X-ray radiation takes place in the accretion disc, the surrounding equatorial torus and the inclined, ionised outflows. We also examine additional equatorial scattering occurring in between the accretion disc and the inner surfaces of the torus. Radiative coupling between the different reprocessing components is computed coherently. The resulting polarisation properties depend on the optical depth of the reprocessing regions and on the viewing angle of the observer. We show that even under unfavourable conditions the misalignment of the outflows with respect to the torus axis can be determined from a rotation of the polarisation position angle between softer and harder X-rays. We argue that the misalignment of the outflows with respect to the torus axis in NGC 1068 may be constrained by a future X-ray mission if equipped with a broad band polarimeter.


if they’re a coach, they can coach however they want. If they’re a fan, they can root for a team that plays the style they like. For us, we love it. This is what gives us our edge.’’ Edge? “Every time we got a catch,’’ Baylor’s Ishmail Wainright said, “there was somebody right there.’’ Which is why South Carolina (25-10) is still here. They hadn’t danced since 2004, hadn’t won an NCAA Tournament game since 1973 and never have played in a Final Four. “It’s a good feeling when we continue to make history and I think once we got a taste of it we kind of got addicted and want to continue doing it,’’ guard Duane Notice said. “So we’re going to do everything in our power to make sure we do that.” The Gamecocks will face Florida in the region final on Sunday. If they play the same frenetic, aggressive, take-no-prisoners defense and attacking offense, there will be a dead Gator on the Garden floor. South Carolina held Baylor scoreless for seven minutes and 44 seconds in the first half, turning a 15-13 deficit into a 31-15 lead. Baylor missed 10 shots, committed four turners and not even two timeouts by coach Scott Drew could stop the onslaught. “We couldn’t, really couldn’t buy a basket,’’ said Johnathan Motley, the only Bear to finish in double figures (18 points). South Carolina’s roster — led by SEC Player of the Year Sindarius Thornwell, who had a game-high 24 points — contains players from Gabon, Australia, Canada, Gabon, Estonia and Senegal. They all speak in one tongue: defense. “It’s the best defensive team I’ve coached in college basketball as a head coach,’’ Martin said. “No doubt.”


quite the paradise they'd imagined. Lara Vogelsberg, 23, from Cologne thinks what you see and what you get are very different. "The beach in the film is very relaxing, there are no people to be seen, and you get this idea of a very lonely place in the middle of nowhere. "Then you come here and you think you're in Times Square in New York." The beach is stunning but definitely not relaxing. There's the constant sound of the speedboat engines, their propellers churn up the water and it's hard to get a patch of the sand to yourself. The area is generally clean but there are still some pockets of litter which tourists leave behind. Image copyright Getty Images Image caption People love a selfie on Maya Bay Image caption Mel Sukonik and Ariane Benedetto (right) visited for the day with their friends from the US Tourism is one of Thailand's biggest sources of income so Maya Bay is being closed during the relatively low season, until September 30. Its Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation issued a notice saying it realised "the deterioration of the ecosystem in the area of Maya Bay". When it reopens later this year, it's thought the number of people allowed to visit the beach will be reduced. Kerri Arnold and Kendal Corgile are visiting from Atlanta, Georgia, and describe it as "hectic but beautiful". "I didn't realise how busy the beach would be but shutting it temporarily is a great idea. It's crazy how many boats there are. I'm just glad I got to see it." Follow Newsbeat on Instagram, Facebook and Twitter. Listen to Newsbeat live at 12:45 and 17:45 every weekday on BBC Radio 1 and 1Xtra - if you miss us you can listen back here.


Photon trapping and outflow are two key physics associated with the supercritical accretion flow. We investigate the conflict between these two processes based on two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamic (RHD) simulation data and construct a simplified (radially) one-dimensional model. Mass loss due to outflow, which is not considered in the slim-disk model, will reduce surface density of the flow, and if very significant, it will totally suppress photon trapping effects. If the photon trapping is very significant, conversely, outflow will be suppressed because radiation pressure force will be reduced. To see what actually occurs, we examine the RHD simulation data and evaluate the accretion rate and outflow rate as functions of radius. We find that the former monotonically decreases, while the latter increases, as the radius decreases. However, the former is kept constant at small radii, inside several Schwarzschild radii, since the outflow is suppressed by the photon trapping effects. To understand the conflict between the photon trapping and outflow in a simpler way, we model the radial distribution of the accretion rate from the simulation data and build up a new (radially) one-dimensional model, which is similar to the slim-disk model but incorporates the mass loss effects due to the outflow. We find that the surface density (and, hence, the optical depth) is much reduced even inside the trapping radius, compared with the case without outflow, whereas the effective temperature distribution hardly changes. That is, the emergent spectra do not sensitively depend on the amount of mass outflow. We conclude that the slim-disk approach is valid for interpreting observations, even if the outflow is taken into account.


Supernova (SN) rates are potentially powerful diagnostics of metal enrichment and SN physics, particularly in galaxy clusters with their deep, metal-retaining potentials and relatively simple star-formation histories. We have carried out a survey for supernovae (SNe) in galaxy clusters, at a redshift range 0.5<z<0.9, using the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on the Hubble Space Telescope. We reimaged a sample of 15 clusters that were previously imaged by ACS, thus obtaining two to three epochs per cluster, in which we discovered five likely cluster SNe, six possible cluster SNe Ia, two hostless SN candidates, and several background and foreground events. Keck spectra of the host galaxies were obtained to establish cluster membership. We conducted detailed efficiency simulations, and measured the stellar luminosities of the clusters using Subaru images. We derive a cluster SN rate of 0.35 SNuB +0.17/-0.12 (statistical) \pm0.13 (classification) \pm0.01 (systematic) [where SNuB = SNe (100 yr 10^10 L_B_sun)^-1] and 0.112 SNuM +0.055/-0.039 (statistical) \pm0.042 (classification) \pm0.005 (systematic) [where SNuM = SNe (100 yr 10^10 M_sun)^-1]. As in previous measurements of cluster SN rates, the uncertainties are dominated by small-number statistics. The SN rate in this redshift bin is consistent with the SN rate in clusters at lower redshifts (to within the uncertainties), and shows that there is, at most, only a slight increase of cluster SN rate with increasing redshift. The low and fairly constant SN Ia rate out to z~1 implies that the bulk of the iron mass in clusters was already in place by z~1. The recently observed doubling of iron abundances in the intracluster medium between z=1 and 0, if real, is likely the result of redistribution of existing iron, rather than new production of iron.


Transcript for Sen. Cory Booker on bringing America together, running in 2020 And we are back with senator %-pcory bookerwho had something to say. Just a point, we all got to this country in different ways but we're all in the same boat now. And to try to think we're going to demonize each other so bad, we need each other. There's an old saying, if you want to go fast, go alone. If you want to go far, go together. If this country is going to go far, we have to find ways to create common ground and stand together. That message that you're saying is refreshing for me, but then you have Hillary Clinton last week in India saying that she won areas that were, quote, forward thinking. Trump won places that were backward thinking on issues like race and racism. I'm from one of those states she's talking about and I just want to know from you, going forward in 2020 do you think this is an appropriate way for Democrats to speak about Republicans? We in this country -- first of all, the election is over and past and I know that Donald Trump and everyone is talking about Obama and secretary Clinton. The reality is we have to in this coming '18 election -- forget 2020 -- focus on right now. We have to begin to see each other for the truth of who we are. This idea of tolerance that we're going to stomach each other, that's a sin of state. Patriotism is love the country. Love says I see your worth, your value. I understand that my definition of worth is the same as yours. While Donald Trump seems to be intent on separating, dividing, demeaning, degrading, I want Republicans and Democrats to start a new national narrative about how we need each other. Not to pushback on you but Hillary makes me feel that way as well. Do you think this messaging is hurting our party right now? Again, secretary Clinton lost the electoral vote. She's not the president of the United States. My focus is on the future and we right now are in a state of crises. We cannot do the things we all agree upon in this country right now, whether it's dreamers or comprehensive background checks. We need to get back to a country that understands that we're not each other's enemies and if we see each other that way we're not going to be able to rise to our greatest aspirations.


A directed graph is called Eulerian, if it contains a tour that traverses every arc in the graph exactly once. We study the problem of Eulerian extension (EE) where a directed multigraph G and a weight function is given and it is asked whether G can be made Eulerian by adding arcs whose total weight does not exceed a given threshold. This problem is motivated through applications in vehicle routing and flowshop scheduling. However, EE is NP-hard and thus we use the parameterized complexity framework to analyze it. In parameterized complexity, the running time of algorithms is considered not only with respect to input length, but also with respect to other properties of the input - called "parameters". Dorn et. al. proved that EE can be solved in O(4^k n^4) time, where k denotes the parameter "number of arcs that have to be added". In this thesis, we analyze EE with respect to the (smaller) parameters "number c of connected components in the input graph" and "sum b over indeg(v) - outdeg(v) for all vertices v in the input graph where this value is positive". We prove that there is an algorithm for EE whose running time is polynomial except for the term 4^(c log(bc^2)). To obtain this result, we make several observations about the sets of arcs that have to be added to the input graph in order to make it Eulerian. We build upon these observations to restate EE in a matching context. This matching formulation of EE might be an important tool to solve the question of whether EE can be solved within running time whose superpolynomial part depends only on c. We also consider polynomial time preprocessing routines for EE and show that these routines cannot yield instances whose size depends polynomially only on either of the parameters b, c, k unless coNP is contained in NP/poly.


If P \to X is a topological principal K-bundle and \hat K a central extension of K by Z, then there is a natural obstruction class \delta_1(P) in \check H^2(X,\uline Z) in sheaf cohomology whose vanishing is equivalent to the existence of a \hat K-bundle \hat P over X with P \cong \hat P/Z. In this paper we establish a link between homotopy theoretic data and the obstruction class \delta_1(P) which in many cases can be used to calculate this class in explicit terms. Writing \partial_d^P \: \pi_d(X) \to \pi_{d-1}(K) for the connecting maps in the long exact homotopy sequence, two of our main results can be formulated as follows. If Z is a quotient of a contractible group by the discrete group \Gamma, then the homomorphism \pi_3(X) \to \Gamma induced by \delta_1(P) \in \check H^2(X,\uline Z) \cong H^3_{\rm sing}(X,\Gamma) coincides with \partial_2^{\hat K} \circ \partial_3^P and if Z is discrete, then \delta_1(P) \in \check H^2(X,\uline Z) induces the homomorphism -\partial_1^{\hat K} \circ \partial_2^P \: \pi_2(X) \to Z. We also obtain some information on obstruction classes defining trivial homomorphisms on homotopy groups.


If you bought an HP laptop any time in the last five years, it could be tracking your every key stroke. Over the weekend HP revealed that nearly 500 of its notebooks dating as far back as 2012 shipped with a secret keylogger installed. Alongside the announcement, HP released driver updates to eradicate the software on affected laptops. Security researcher Michael Myng discovered the keylogger when probing the Synaptics touchpad software on an HP laptop. HP’s security bulletin says the “potential security vulnerability” affects all laptops with “certain versions of Synaptics touchpad drivers”—not necessarily just HP models. The keylogger is disabled by default, however. “A party would need administrative privileges in order to take advantage of the vulnerability,” the bulletin states. “Neither Synaptics nor HP has access to customer data as a result of this issue.” HP told Myng that the keylogger was a debugging tool. The same security bulletin includes separate software updates for every HP laptop loaded with the keylogger, and HP says you should install those updates “as soon as possible.” CSO counted them all up and found a total of 475 affected laptops, with 303 being consumer laptops. Spectre, Envy, Pavilion, Omen, Compaq—they all contain the keylogger. You’ll need to know your laptop’s model number to download the correct software package. You can find HP laptop model numbers by looking for the information on a sticker on the bottom of the machine. If you don’t see the sticker, you can press Fn + Esc simultaneously to summon HP’s System Information window. You’re looking for the “product name” entry. Once you know it, head to HP’s security bulletin, press Ctrl + F, and type in your laptop’s details to quickly find the correct update for your system. You don’t want to sift through all 475 listings individually to find the right one! This isn’t the first time HP has run into keylogging trouble in 2017. In May, HP patched 30 laptops after a diagnostic update to their audio drivers accidentally resulted in every stroke being captured and saved to a local file. We’re leaving superb systems like the HP Spectre x360 on PCWorld’s list of the best laptops since the actions weren’t nefarious, but here’s hoping the company steps up its software quality assurance going forward.


We model the mineralogy and distribution of dust around the white dwarf G29-39 using the infrared spectrum from 1-35 microns and combining a wide range of materials based on spectral studies of comets and debris disks. In order of their contribution to the mid-infrared emission, the most abundant minerals for G29-38 are amorphous carbon, amorphous and crystalline silicates, water ice, and metal sulfides. The amorphous C can be equivalently replaced by other materials (like metallic Fe) with featureless infrared spectra. The best-fitting crystalline silicate is Fe-rich pyroxene. In order to absorb enough starlight to power the observed emission, the disk must either be much thinner than the stellar radius (so that it can be heated from above and below) or it must have an opening angle wider than 2 degrees. A `moderately optically thick' torus model with mass 2x10^19 g fits the spectrum well. A physically thin (less than the white dwarf radius) and optically thick disk can contribute to the near-infrared continuum only; such a disk cannot explain the longer-wavelength continuum or strong silicate features. The silicate composition contains minerals found from cometary spectra and meteorites, but Fe-rich pyroxene is more abundant than enstatite (Mg-rich pyroxene) or forsterite (Mg-rich olivine) in G29-38, in contrast to what is found in most comet or meteorite mineralogies. Enstatite meteorites may be the most similar solar system materials to the G29-38 dust. Finally, we suggest the surviving core of a `hot jupiter' as an alternative (neither cometary nor asteroidal) origin for the debris, though further theoretical work is needed to determine if this hypothesis is viable.


if the employer makes an election under clause (i), notwithstanding section 2(3)(G) of the Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act (33 U.S.C. 902(3)(G)), shall be subject to that Act. ``(B) If an employer makes an election, in accordance with subparagraph (A), to participate in an authorized compensation plan under the Longshore and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act-- ``(i) a master or crew member employed by that employer shall be considered to be an employee for the purposes of that Act; and ``(ii) the liability of that employer under that Act to the master or crew member, or to any person otherwise entitled to recover damages from the employer based on the injury, disability, or death of the master or crew member, shall be exclusive and in lieu of all other liability.''. (b) Minimum Requirements.--All vessels, whether documented in the United States or not, operating in the coastwise trade of the United States shall be subject to minimum international labor standards for seafarers under international agreements in force for the United States, as determined by the Secretary of Transportation on the advice of the Secretaries of Labor and Defense. SEC. 5. REGULATIONS REGARDING VESSELS. (a) Applicable Minimum Requirements.--Except as provided in subsection (b), the minimum requirements for vessels engaging in the transportation of cargo or merchandise in the United States coastwise trade shall be the recognized international standards in force for the United States (as determined by the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating, in consultation with any other official of the Federal Government that the Secretary determines to be appropriate). (b) Consistency in Application of Standards.--In any case in which any minimum requirement for vessels referred to in subsection (a) establishes a lower standard than a minimum that is applicable to vessels that are documented in a foreign country and that are admitted to engage in the transportation of cargo and merchandise in the United States coastwise trade, the standard applicable to such vessels that are documented in a foreign country shall be the standard to be applied to United States documented vessels. SEC. 6. ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS. All vessels, whether documented under the laws of the United States or not, engaging in the United States coastwise trade shall comply with all applicable United States and international environmental standards in force for the United States. SEC. 7. REQUIREMENTS FOR CERTAIN NONCITIZENS IR


If you woke up this morning feeling extra dry, you're not alone. Winter is notorious for stripping us of our natural moisture, whether you normally have oily skin, dry skin or even combination. We're all going through a little dry period when it comes to our faces. Whether it's bracing the wintry elements while being outside, or even being stripped of moisture because you have the heat blasting indoors, face it: It's a tough couple of months for moisture. But it's especially important to stay hydrated -- and not just on your body but on your face in particular. So along with naming our favorite face moisturizers under $70, we've also tapped a few beauty bloggers and fashion writers to tell us their favorite finds. Glossier "Glossier’s Priming Moisturizer Rich ($35) is ballin’ on a budget. It provides a luxe experience from the packaging to the actual product quality itself. Many opt to use this during the winter months (opposed to the brand’s original priming moisturizer during spring/summer) because of its thickness and super hydrating properties, but I use it year-round because it’s that good." - Morgan Pitts, representative for Glossier Neutrogena "Neutrogena Hydro Boost Water Gel ($18.99) goes on smooth and leaves your skin feeling full of moisture without any residue or heavy feel. Because it's more of a gel, it sets right into the skin and leaves it feeling bright and light!" - Kelly McCarthy, digital reporter at ABC News IT Cosmetics "IT Cosmetics Secret Sauce Anti-Aging moisturizer ($68) has been my go-to all winter. It works overtime to reduce discoloration, lines, and wrinkles. With key ingredients like anti-aging collagen, peptides, hyaluronic acid, vitamin C and licorice root, the secret really is in the sauce. - Ty Alexander, creator of Gorgeous in Grey Shaffali "My facialist at HeyDay spa recommended I try Shaffali Organic Orange Blossom Facial Moisture ($48) and I see why. If you have sensitive skin like me, it's great because it's organic and offers vitamin E, vitamin A and vitamin C. Plus, I only have to apply it once a day without it feeling heavy. I use it year-round, but during the winter months, I add one drop of carrot seed oil to make it last just a bit longer. Carrot seed oil also


IVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT. (a) Establishment.--Section 901(b)(2) of title 31, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(H) The Executive Office of the President.''. (b) Appointment.--The President shall appoint an individual as the Chief Financial Officer of the Executive Office of the President, pursuant to the amendment made by subsection (a), by not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. SEC. 5. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES WITHIN EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT. (a) Review of Financial Management Activities Within the Executive Office of the President.--Not later than 30 days after the appointment of a Chief Financial Officer of the Executive Office of the President (in this section referred to as the ``Chief Financial Officer''), the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall direct the Chief Financial Officer to conduct a review of the financial management activities within the Executive Office of the President for the purpose of consolidating its accounting, budgeting, and other financial management activities under the Chief Financial Officer. (b) Reorganization Proposal.--Not later than 60 days after the date the Director directs the Chief Financial Officer to conduct a review under subsection (a), and subject to all laws vesting functions in particular officers and employees of the United States, the Chief Financial Officer shall submit to the Director of the Office of Management and Budget a proposal for reorganizing the Executive Office of the President for the purpose stated in subsection (a). The proposal shall include-- (1) a description of all functions, powers, duties, personnel, property, or records which the Chief Financial Officer is proposed to have authority over, including those relating to functions that are not related to financial management activities; and (2) a detailed outline of the administrative structure of the office of the Chief Financial Officer, including a description of the responsibility and authority of financial management personnel and resources in agencies or other subdivisions as appropriate for the Executive Office of the President. (c) Review and Approval of Proposal.--Not later than 30 days after receiving a proposal from the Chief Financial Officer under subsection (c), the Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall approve or disapprove the proposal and notify the Chief Financial Officer of that approval or disapproval. The Director shall approve the proposal if it establishes a financial management structure reasonably tailored to the functions of the Executive Office of the President.


If you do your homework, now is the time to practically steal a new sedan from your car dealer. For more than a year, sales of cars have been tanking because Americans have gone nuts over SUVs and trucks. As stockpiles of sedans such as the Chevrolet Malibu and Chrysler 200 stretch across car lots, automakers are forced to offer big discounts to move them. There are a few steps to finding the best bargain, but it boils down to this: Figure out which cars aren't selling, research discounts and don't buy until the end of the month when dealers are more desperate to sell. Brad Korner, general manager of AIS Rebate, an Ann Arbor, Michigan, firm that follows the labyrinth of automaker discounts, equates buying a car cheap with purchasing discounted baked goods. To get the good deal, you have to really look. "You go into the store and the day-old bakery stuff is on a different shelf," he says. Be wary of offers that seem too good to be true, like $69 per month payments. Earl Stewart, a North Palm Beach, Florida, Toyota dealer who is critical of other dealers' sales tactics, advises people to ignore dealer advertising. "Probably 99 percent of it is misleading," he says. The low-price deals often are on stripped-down models that the dealer may not even have. They also can include hefty down payments. But armed with the right information, you can navigate the new car sales maze and get 20 percent or more off a car's sticker price: FIRST: PICK A TARGET, FIND SLOW SELLERS For more than a year, many compact, midsize and large cars, gas-electric hybrids, and many lower-level luxury cars haven't sold well. So dealers have big supplies. Because they're paying interest on the cars, they're eager to sell. So figure out the size of car you want. Then look for automaker monthly sales press releases on the internet and find models with big year-over-year declines. The sales figures are released early in the month. To get the best deal, you can't be too picky about color or equipment because you need to buy what's on dealer lots. SECOND: LOOK FOR DISCOUNTS ONLINE Many websites, including those from the auto companies as well as kbb.com, truecar.com and Edmunds.com, list publicly available discounts called incentives. Say you decide on a midsize car. Sales of the Nissan Alt


the President, any Federal agency or official thereof, or by a court of competent jurisdiction, in the performance of functions which are transferred under this title, and (2) which are in effect at the time this title takes effect, or were final before the effective date of this title and are to become effective on or after the effective date of this title, shall continue in effect according to their terms until modified, terminated, superseded, set aside, or revoked in accordance with law by the President, the head of the transferee agency or other authorized official, a court of competent jurisdiction, or by operation of law. (b) Proceedings Not Affected.--The provisions of this title shall not affect any proceedings, including notices of proposed rulemaking, or any application for any license, permit, certificate, or financial assistance pending before the transferor agency at the time this title takes effect, with respect to functions transferred by this title but such proceedings and applications shall be continued. Orders shall be issued in such proceedings, appeals shall be taken therefrom, and payments shall be made pursuant to such orders, as if this title had not been enacted, and orders issued in any such proceedings shall continue in effect until modified, terminated, superseded, or revoked by a duly authorized official, by a court of competent jurisdiction, or by operation of law. Nothing in this subsection shall be deemed to prohibit the discontinuance or modification of any such proceeding under the same terms and conditions and to the same extent that such proceeding could have been discontinued or modified if this title had not been enacted. (c) Suits Not Affected.--The provisions of this title shall not affect suits commenced before the effective date of this title, and in all such suits, proceedings shall be had, appeals taken, and judgments rendered in the same manner and with the same effect as if this title had not been enacted. (d) Nonabatement of Actions.--No suit, action, or other proceeding commenced by or against the transferor agency, or by or against any individual in the official capacity of such individual as an officer of the transferor agency, shall abate by reason of the enactment of this title. (e) Administrative Actions Relating to Promulgation of Regulations.--Any administrative action relating to the preparation or promulgation of a regulation by the transferor agency relating to a function transferred under this title may be continued by the transferee agency with the same effect as if this title had not been enacted.


Let $(X,T)$ be a topological dynamical system and $\mathcal{F}$ be a Furstenberg family (a collection of subsets of $\mathbb{Z}_+$ with hereditary upward property). A point $x\in X$ is called an $\mathcal{F}$-transitive one if $\{n\in\mathbb{Z}_+:\, T^n x\in U\}\in\F$ for every nonempty open subset $U$ of $X$; the system $(X,T)$ is called $\F$-point transitive if there exists some $\mathcal{F}$-transitive point. In this paper, we aim to classify transitive systems by $\mathcal{F}$-point transitivity. Among other things, it is shown that $(X,T)$ is a weakly mixing E-system (resp.\@ weakly mixing M-system, HY-system) if and only if it is $\{\textrm{D-sets}\}$-point transitive (resp.\@ $\{\textrm{central sets}\}$-point transitive, $\{\textrm{weakly thick sets}\}$-point transitive). It is shown that every weakly mixing system is $\mathcal{F}_{ip}$-point transitive, while we construct an $\mathcal{F}_{ip}$-point transitive system which is not weakly mixing. As applications, we show that every transitive system with dense small periodic sets is disjoint from every totally minimal system and a system is $\Delta^*(\mathcal{F}_{wt})$-transitive if and only if it is weakly disjoint from every P-system.


Suppose Alice wishes to send messages to Bob through a communication channel C_1, but her transmissions also reach an eavesdropper Eve through another channel C_2. The goal is to design a coding scheme that makes it possible for Alice to communicate both reliably and securely. Reliability is measured in terms of Bob's probability of error in recovering the message, while security is measured in terms of Eve's equivocation ratio. Wyner showed that the situation is characterized by a single constant C_s, called the secrecy capacity, which has the following meaning: for all $\epsilon > 0$, there exist coding schemes of rate $R \ge C_s - \epsilon$ that asymptotically achieve both the reliability and the security objectives. However, his proof of this result is based upon a nonconstructive random-coding argument. To date, despite a considerable research effort, the only case where we know how to construct coding schemes that achieve secrecy capacity is when Eve's channel C_2 is an erasure channel, or a combinatorial variation thereof. Polar codes were recently invented by Arikan; they approach the capacity of symmetric binary-input discrete memoryless channels with low encoding and decoding complexity. Herein, we use polar codes to construct a coding scheme that achieves the secrecy capacity for a wide range of wiretap channels. Our construction works for any instantiation of the wiretap channel model, as long as both C_1 and C_2 are symmetric and binary-input, and C_2 is degraded with respect to C_1. Moreover, we show how to modify our construction in order to provide strong security, in the sense defined by Maurer, while still operating at a rate that approaches the secrecy capacity. In this case, we cannot guarantee that the reliability condition will be satisfied unless the main channel C_1 is noiseless, although we believe it can be always satisfied in practice.


We investigate the X-ray properties of the most luminous radio sources in the 3CR catalogue, in order to assess if they are similar to the most luminous radio quiet quasars, for instance in the X-ray normalization with respect to the optical luminosity, or in the distribution of the absorption column density. We have selected the (optically identified) 3CR radio sources whose 178-MHz monochromatic luminosity lies in the highest factor-of-three bin. The 4 most luminous objects had already been observed in X rays. Of the remaining 16, we observed with XMM-Newton 4 randomly chosen, optical type 1s, and 4 type 2s. All targets have been detected. The optical-to-Xray spectral index, alphaox, can be computed only for the type 1s and, in agreement with previous studies, is found to be flatter than in radio quiet quasars of similar luminosity. However, the Compton thin type 2s have an absorption corrected X-ray luminosity systematically lower than the type 1s, by a factor which makes them consistent with the radio quiet alphaox. Within the limited statistics, the Compton thick objects seem to have a reflected component more luminous than the Compton thin ones. The extra X-ray component observed in type 1 radio loud quasars is beamed for intrinsic causes, and is not collimated by the absorbing torus as is the case for the (intrinsically isotropic) disk emission. The extra component can be associated with a relativistic outflow, provided that the flow opening angle and the Doppler beaming factor are 1/5 - 1/7 radians.


trust funds, and an explanation of the impact any legislation the President signed into law in the preceding year will have on the plans for repaying the social security trust funds.''. SEC. 6. COMMITMENT BY THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY TO HONOR THE GOVERNMENT'S DEBT TO THE SOCIAL SECURITY TRUST FUNDS. Whenever the Board of Trustees of the social security trust funds submits its annual report to Congress pursuant to section 201(c) of the Social Security Act on the status of such trust funds during the preceding fiscal year and the expected operation and status during the ensuing 5 fiscal years, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit a statement to Congress containing an affirmation that the Treasury will honor the securities in such trust funds. SEC. 7. REQUIREMENT THAT THE GOVERNMENT REPAY THE SOCIAL SECURITY TRUST FUNDS. Section 201(d) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 401(d)) is amended by inserting after the sixth sentence the following new sentence: ``Any individual who is credited with wages or self- employment income under this title may bring an action in an appropriate Federal district court to enjoin any act or practice by the Secretary of the Treasury by which the Secretary contests an obligation issued for purchase by either Trust Fund under this subsection or which constitutes a failure to provide for redemption of the obligation in accordance with the terms of such obligation or to otherwise honor the full faith and credit of the United States supporting such obligation.''. SEC. 8. GENERAL PROVISIONS. (a) Definitions.--As used in this Act-- (1) Social security trust funds.--The term ``social security trust funds'' refers to the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance Trust Fund and the Federal Disability Insurance Trust Fund. (2) Other government expenditures.--The term ``other Government expenditures'' means all Government expenditures other than expenditures for the old-age, survivors, and disability insurance program under title II of the Social Security Act. Such term does not include amounts expended to pay down the Government debt. (b) Interpretation.--For purposes of this Act, amounts borrowed from the social security trust funds shall be considered to be used for other Government expenditures if there is a deficit in the non-Social Security budget.


For closed 3-manifolds, Heegaard Floer homology is related to the Thurston norm through results due to Ozsv\'ath and Szab\'o, Ni, and Hedden. For example, given a closed 3-manifold Y, there is a bijection between vertices of the HF^+(Y) polytope carrying the group Z and the faces of the Thurston norm unit ball that correspond to fibrations of Y over the unit circle. Moreover, the Thurston norm unit ball of Y is dual to the polytope of \underline{\hfhat}(Y). We prove a similar bijection and duality result for a class of 3-manifolds with boundary called sutured manifolds. A sutured manifold is essentially a cobordism between two surfaces R_+ and R_- that have nonempty boundary. We show that there is a bijection between vertices of the sutured Floer polytope carrying the group Z and equivalence classes of taut depth one foliations that form the foliation cones of Cantwell and Conlon. Moreover, we show that a function defined by Juh\'asz, which we call the geometric sutured function,is analogous to the Thurston norm in this context. In some cases, this function is an asymmetric norm and our duality result is that appropriate faces of this norm's unit ball subtend the foliation cones. An important step in our work is the following fact: a sutured manifold admits a fibration or a taut depth one foliation whose sole compact leaves are exactly the connected components of R_+ and R_-, if and only if, there is a surface decomposition of the sutured manifold resulting in a connected product manifold.


In this paper, we give a model for understanding flavor physics in the lepton sector--mass hierarchy among different generations and neutrino mixing pattern. The model is constructed in the framework of supersymmetry, with a family symmetry $S4*U(1)$. There are two right-handed neutrinos introduced for seesaw mechanism, while some standard model(SM) gauge group singlet fields are included which transforms non-trivially under family symmetry. In the model, each order of contributions are suppressed by $\delta \sim 0.1$ compared to the previous one. In order to reproduce the mass hierarchy, $m_\tau$ and $\sqrt{\Delta m_{atm}^2}$, $m_\mu$ and $\sqrt{\Delta m_{sol}^2}$ are obtained at leading-order(LO) and next-to-leading-order(NLO) respectively, while electron can only get its mass through next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-order(NNNLO) contributions. For neutrino mixing angels, $\theta_{12}, \theta_{23}, \theta_{13}$ are $45^\circ, 45^\circ, 0$ i.e. Bi-maximal mixing pattern as first approximation, while higher order contributions can make them consistent with experimental results. As corrections for $\theta_{12}$ and $\theta_{13}$ originate from the same contribution, there is a relation predicted for them $\sin{\theta_{13}}=\displaystyle \frac{1-\tan{\theta_{12}}}{1+\tan{\theta_{12}}}$. Besides, deviation from $\displaystyle \frac{\pi}{4}$ for $\theta_{23}$ should have been as large as deviation from 0 for $\theta_{13}$ if it were not the former is suppressed by a factor 4 compared to the latter.


public golf course and this home to amazing youth programs," Compton wrote on Twitter. Beckham's group also wants to bring a massive technology park to the site, as well as an underground parking facility, public soccer fields, 500 new hotel rooms, a conference center, retail stores, restaurants and more. The Beckham franchise, when it gets going, will also bring a training center and an academy focused on developing local players to the Miami area. The stadium-location quest is just the latest drawn-out chapter in Beckham's five-years-and-counting marathon to bring MLS back to Miami. The Miami Fusion played from 1998-2001, folding because of poor attendance. Beckham and MLS announced in January that the franchise would be coming to Miami, but nearly every detail about the club remains unclear. There's no definitive start date — 2020 has been mentioned repeatedly, even though no new stadium could possibly be ready by then — as well as no team name, no logo, no colors, no coaching staff and no front-office personnel. More than a year ago, Miami-Dade County commissioners approved a deal to sell Beckham nearly three acres of county land for $9 million with the belief that it would be the last parcel he needed for a stadium site in the city's Overtown neighborhood. But that site was never the preferred choice for Beckham and his group anyway, with the original hope being to build on the waterfront near the Port of Miami. The Overtown site now seems all but doomed, though it's unclear what would happen if city commissioners or voters block the latest Beckham plan.


We study the problem of $2$-dimensional orthogonal range counting with additive error. Given a set $P$ of $n$ points drawn from an $n\times n$ grid and an error parameter $\eps$, the goal is to build a data structure, such that for any orthogonal range $R$, it can return the number of points in $P\cap R$ with additive error $\eps n$. A well-known solution for this problem is the {\em $\eps$-approximation}, which is a subset $A\subseteq P$ that can estimate the number of points in $P\cap R$ with the number of points in $A\cap R$. It is known that an $\eps$-approximation of size $O(\frac{1}{\eps} \log^{2.5} \frac{1}{\eps})$ exists for any $P$ with respect to orthogonal ranges, and the best lower bound is $\Omega(\frac{1}{\eps} \log \frac{1}{\eps})$. The $\eps$-approximation is a rather restricted data structure, as we are not allowed to store any information other than the coordinates of the points in $P$. In this paper, we explore what can be achieved without any restriction on the data structure. We first describe a simple data structure that uses $O(\frac{1}{\eps}(\log^2\frac{1} {\eps} + \log n) )$ bits and answers queries with error $\eps n$. We then prove a lower bound that any data structure that answers queries with error $\eps n$ must use $\Omega(\frac{1}{\eps}(\log^2\frac{1} {\eps} + \log n) )$ bits. Our lower bound is information-theoretic: We show that there is a collection of $2^{\Omega(n\log n)}$ point sets with large {\em union combinatorial discrepancy}, and thus are hard to distinguish unless we use $\Omega(n\log n)$ bits.


A quasitoric manifold (resp. a small cover) is a $2n$-dimensional (resp. an $n$-dimensional) smooth closed manifold with an effective locally standard action of $(S^1)^n$ (resp. $(\mathbb Z_2)^n$) whose orbit space is combinatorially an $n$-dimensional simple convex polytope $P$. In this paper we study them when $P$ is a product of simplices. A generalized Bott tower over $\F$, where $\F=\C$ or $\R$, is a sequence of projective bundles of the Whitney sum of $\F$-line bundles starting with a point. Each stage of the tower over $\F$, which we call a generalized Bott manifold, provides an example of quasitoric manifolds (when $\F=\C$) and small covers (when $\F=\R$) over a product of simplices. It turns out that every small cover over a product of simplices is equivalent (in the sense of Davis and Januszkiewicz \cite{DJ}) to a generalized Bott manifold. But this is not the case for quasitoric manifolds and we show that a quasitoric manifold over a product of simplices is equivalent to a generalized Bott manifold if and only if it admits an almost complex structure left invariant under the action. Finally, we show that a quasitoric manifold $M$ over a product of simplices is homeomorphic to a generalized Bott manifold if $M$ has the same cohomology ring as a product of complex projective spaces with $\Q$ coefficients.


Context. Ultracompact X-ray binaries (UCXBs) typically consist of a white dwarf donor and a neutron star or black hole accretor. The evolution of UCXBs and very low mass ratio binaries in general is poorly understood. Aims. We investigate the evolution of UCXBs in order to learn for which mass ratios and accretor types these systems can exist, and if they do, what are their orbital and neutron star spin periods, mass transfer rates and evolutionary timescales. Methods. For different assumptions concerning accretion disk behavior we calculate for which system parameters dynamical instability, thermal-viscous disk instability or the propeller effect emerge. Results. At the onset of mass transfer, the survival of the UCXB is determined by how efficiently the accretor can eject matter in the case of a super-Eddington mass transfer rate. At later times, the evolution of systems strongly depends on the binary's capacity to return angular momentum from the disk to the orbit. We find that this feedback mechanism most likely remains effective. In the case of steady mass transfer, the propeller effect can stop accretion onto recycled neutron stars completely at a sufficiently low mass transfer rate, based on energy considerations. However, mass transfer will likely be non-steady because disk instability allows for accretion of some of the transferred matter. Together, the propeller effect and disk instability cause the low mass ratio UCXBs to be visible a small fraction of the time at most, thereby explaining the lack of observations of such systems. Conclusions. Most likely UCXBs avoid late-time dynamically unstable mass transfer and continue to evolve as the age of the Universe allows. This implies the existence of a large population of low mass ratio binaries with orbital periods ~ 70 - 80 min, unless some other mechanism has destroyed these binaries.


We use the KOI-13 transiting star-planet system as a test case for the recently developed BEER algorithm (Faigler & Mazeh 2011), aimed at identifying non-transiting low-mass companions by detecting the photometric variability induced by the companion along its orbit. Such photometric variability is generated by three mechanisms, including the beaming effect, tidal ellipsoidal distortion, and reflection/heating. We use data from three Kepler quarters, from the first year of the mission, while ignoring measurements within the transit and occultation, and show that the planet's ephemeris is clearly detected. We fit for the amplitude of each of the three effects and use the beaming effect amplitude to estimate the planet's minimum mass, which results in M_p sin i = 9.2 +/- 1.1 M_J (assuming the host star parameters derived by Szabo et al. 2011). Our results show that non-transiting star-planet systems similar to KOI-13.01 can be detected in Kepler data, including a measurement of the orbital ephemeris and the planet's minimum mass. Moreover, we derive a realistic estimate of the amplitudes uncertainties, and use it to show that data obtained during the entire lifetime of the Kepler mission, of 3.5 years, will allow detecting non-transiting close-in low-mass companions orbiting bright stars, down to the few Jupiter mass level. Data from the Kepler Extended Mission, if funded by NASA, will further improve the detection capabilities.


if such deposit liability, obligation, certificate, or share is not insured by the Corporation to the extent or in the manner represented. ``(C) Authority of fdic.--The Corporation shall have-- ``(i) jurisdiction over any person that violates this paragraph, or aids or abets the violation of this paragraph; and ``(ii) for purposes of enforcing the requirements of this paragraph with regard to any person-- ``(I) the authority of the Corporation under section 10(c) to conduct investigations; and ``(II) the enforcement authority of the Corporation under subsections (b), (c), (d) and (i) of section 8, as if such person were a state nonmember insured bank. ``(D) Other actions preserved.--No provision of this paragraph shall be construed as barring any action otherwise available, under the laws of the United States or any State, to any Federal or State law enforcement agency or individual.''. (b) Enforcement Orders.--Section 8(c) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1818(c)) is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: ``(4) False advertising or misuse of names to indicate insured status.-- ``(A) Temporary order.-- ``(i) In general.--If a notice of charges served under subsection (b)(1) of this section specifies on the basis of particular facts that any person is engaged in conduct described in section 18(a)(4), the Corporation may issue a temporary order requiring-- ``(I) the immediate cessation of any activity or practice described, which gave rise to the notice of charges; and ``(II) affirmative action to prevent any further, or to remedy any existing, violation. ``(ii) Effect of order.--Any temporary order issued under this subparagraph shall take effect upon service. ``(B) Effective period of temporary order.--A temporary order issued under subparagraph (A) shall remain effective and enforceable, pending the completion of an administrative proceeding pursuant to subsection (b)(1) in connection with the notice of charges-- ``(i) until such time as the Corporation shall dismiss the charges specified in such notice; or ``(ii) if a cease-and-desist order is issued against such person, until the effective date of such order. ``(C) Civil money penalties.--Violations of section 18(a)(4) shall be subject to civil money penalties as set forth in subsection (i) in an amount not to exceed $1,000,000 for each day


The origin and composition of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Events (UHECRs) are under debate. Here we improve constraints on the source population(s) and compositions of UHECRs by accounting for UHECR deflections within existing Galactic magnetic field models (GMFs). We used Monte Carlo simulations for UHECRs detected by the Pierre Auger Observatory and AGASA in order to determine their outside-the-Galaxy arrival directions, and compared these with Galactic and extragalactic sources. The simulations, which used UHECR compositions from protons to Iron and seven models of the ordered GMF, include uncertainties in the GMF and a turbulent magnetic field. The correlation between UHECRs and nearby extended radiogalaxies (Nagar & Matulich 2008) remains valid, even strengthened, within several GMF models. Both the nearest radiogalaxy CenA, and the nearest radio-extended BL Lac, CGCG 413-019, are likely sources of multiple UHECRs. The correlation appears to be linked to the presence of the extended radio source rather than a tracer of an underlying population. It is possible, but unlikely, that all UHECRs originate in the nearby radiogalaxy CenA. For light UHECRs about a third of UHECRs can be "matched" to nearby galaxies with extended radio jets. The remaining UHECRs could also be explained as originating in extended radiogalaxies if one has at least one of: a large UHECR mean free path, a high cluster and/or intergalactic magnetic field, a heavy composition for two-thirds of the detected UHECRs. Several UHECRs have trajectories which pass close to Galactic magnetars and/or microquasars. If extended radiogalaxies are, or trace, UHECR sources, the most consistent models for the ordered GMF are the BS-S and BS-A models; the GMF models of Sun et al. 2008 are acceptable if a dipole component is added.


Single Degenerate model is the most widely accepted progenitor model of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), in which a carbon-oxygen white dwarf (CO WD) accretes hydrogen-rich material from a main sequence or a slightly evolved star (WD +MS) to increase its mass, and explodes when its mass approaches the Chandrasekhar mass limit. During the mass transfer phase between the two components, an optically thick wind may occur and the material lost as the wind may exist as circumstellar material (CSM). Searching the CSM around progenitor star is helpful to discriminate different progenitor models of SNe Ia. Meanwhile, the CSM is a source of color excess.The purpose of this paper is to study the color excess produced from the single-degenerate progenitor model with optically thick wind, and reproduce the distribution of color excesses of SNe Ia. Meng et al. (2009) systemically carried out binary evolution calculation of the WD +MS systems for various metallicities and showed the parameters of the systems before Roche lobe overflow and at the moment of supernova explosion in Meng & Yang (2009). With the results of Meng et al. (2009), we calculate the color excesses of SNe Ia at maximum light via a simple analytic method.We reproduces the distribution of color excesses of SNe Ia by our binary population synthesis approach if the velocity of the optically thick wind is taken to be of order of magnitude of 10 km s$^{\rm -1}$. However, if the wind velocity is larger than 100 km s$^{\rm -1}$, the reproduction is bad.


of the Tour de France in 2021 and to quality for the Giro D’Italia before that. He said that it’s great that others “are able to see a 250km, six hour race is not something that’s beyond them and that I can spread that positive message.” Professor Clodagh O’Gorman, consultant paediatrician in diabetes and endocrinology at University Hospital Limerick, said Stephen’s story gives “huge encouragement and inspiration to the children and teenagers who attend our paediatric diabetes services.” “Stephen shows that while diabetes is a lifelong condition that needs intensive management, young people with type 1 diabetes can still go on and achieve their goals whether in education, in sport or in life in general.” At UHL, about 190 children and adolescents attending their service, aged one to 18 years. “Most diabetes in young children and adolescents is type 1 diabetes mellitus and so these children require insulin injections as lifelong therapy for their diabetes,” explained Prof O’Gorman. "It is quite different to type 2 diabetes, which is more common in adults." “Diabetes in children is an unremitting, life-long condition with a very high lifetime rate of complications. Intensive education, intensive management and frequent regular contact with the diabetes team are the mainstays of improving therapy to minimise the risks of complications. “We expect that modern therapies, and close attention to achieving near normal blood sugars will protect these children and adolescents from the risks of diabetes complications in their future. The young people with type 1 diabetes who attend our clinic display great courage and tenacity, facing insulin injections every day of their lives. It is wonderful to introduce them to someone like Stephen Clancy, who is proof for them that they can achieve their goals, even if they have diabetes,” said Prof O’Gorman.


if such test result is not the first positive test result for such applicant in the benefit year, no regular compensation may be paid to such applicant during the remainder of such benefit year. ``(C) A high-risk applicant receiving benefits with respect to a benefit year shall be subject to testing for controlled substances by the State at any time during the benefit year, with limited notice provided to the applicant of such testing. ``(D) A high-risk applicant who is tested for controlled substances under-- ``(i) subparagraph (A) or (C) shall be responsible for the cost of such test if the individual tests positive for any such substance; and ``(ii) subparagraph (B)(i)(II) shall be responsible for the cost of such test. ``(2) For purposes of this subsection-- ``(A) the term `benefit year' means the benefit year as defined in the applicable State law; ``(B) the term `controlled substance'-- ``(i) means a drug or other substance selected by the State to be included in drug testing under this subsection; and ``(ii) does not include any drug or other substance used by the applicant pursuant to a valid prescription or as otherwise authorized by law; ``(C) the term `high-risk applicant', with respect to a benefit year, means an individual who is determined by the State to have a high risk of substance abuse based on the results of a substance abuse risk assessment administered under paragraph (1)(A)(i); and ``(D) the term `substance abuse risk assessment' means a screening instrument, approved by the Director of the National Institutes of Health, designed to determine whether an individual has a high risk of substance abuse.''. (b) No Merit Staffing Requirements.--Section 303(a)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 503(a)(1)) shall not be construed in such a manner as to apply the merit staffing requirements in section 900.603 of title 5, Code of Federal Regulations, as in effect on October 1, 2011, to the implementation of section 303(l) of such Act (as amended by subsection (a)). (c) Funding for Substance Abuse Testing.-- (1) Funding from ipab.--Section 1899A(m) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395kkk(m)) is amended-- (A) in paragraph (1), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking ``to


Future or ongoing galaxy redshift surveys can put stringent constraints on neutrinos masses via the high-precision measurements of galaxy power spectrum, when combined with cosmic microwave background (CMB) information. In this paper we develop a method to model galaxy power spectrum in the weakly nonlinear regime for a mixed dark matter (CDM plus finite-mass neutrinos) model, based on perturbation theory (PT) whose validity is well tested by simulations for a CDM model. In doing this we carefully study various aspects of the nonlinear clustering and then arrive at a useful approximation allowing for a quick computation of the nonlinear power spectrum as in the CDM case. The nonlinear galaxy bias is also included in a self-consistent manner within the PT framework. Thus the use of our PT model can give a more robust understanding of the measured galaxy power spectrum as well as allow for higher sensitivity to neutrino masses due to the gain of Fourier modes beyond the linear regime. Based on the Fisher matrix formalism, we find that BOSS or Stage-III type survey, when combined with Planck CMB information, gives a precision of total neutrino mass constraint, sigma(m_nu,tot) 0.1eV, while Stage-IV type survey may achieve sigma(m_nu,tot) 0.05eV, i.e. more than a 1-sigma detection of neutrino masses. We also discuss possible systematic errors on dark energy parameters caused by the neutrino mass uncertainty. The significant correlation between neutrino mass and dark energy parameters is found, if the information on power spectrum amplitude is included. More importantly, for Stage-IV type survey, a best-fit dark energy model may be biased and falsely away from the underlying true model by more than the 1-sigma statistical errors, if neutrino mass is ignored in the model fitting.


report also predicts that raising the minimum legal age of sale of tobacco products nationwide to age 21 would result in 223,000 fewer premature deaths, 50,000 fewer deaths from lung cancer, and 4,200,000 fewer years of life lost for those born between 2000 and 2019. In addition, the report concluded that raising the minimum legal age of sale would result in near immediate reductions in preterm birth, low birth weight, and sudden infant death syndrome. SEC. 3. PROHIBITION AND ENFORCEMENT. (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, including any Federal regulation, it shall be unlawful to sell or distribute a tobacco product to anyone under the age of 21. (b) Enforcement.-- (1) In general.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services is authorized to enforce the prohibition under subsection (a) and shall take necessary action to enforce such prohibition, including, as appropriate-- (A) conducting undercover compliance checks, performing retailer inspections, initiating enforcement actions for noncompliance, and taking any other measures appropriate to help ensure nationwide compliance with such prohibition; and (B) establishing requirements that retailers check identification or use other methods to ensure compliance with subsection (a), or issuing guidance concerning the responsibility of retailers to ensure such compliance. (2) Enforcement authority.--In the case of a violation of subsection (a), the Secretary of Health and Human Services may apply the penalties under section 303 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 333), as though such subsection (a) were a regulation promulgated under section 906(d)(1) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 387f(d)(1)), notwithstanding paragraph (3)(A)(ii) of such section 906(d). (c) Definition.--In this Act, the term ``tobacco product'' has the meaning given such term in section 201(rr) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321(rr)). SEC. 4. NON-PREEMPTION. Nothing in this Act shall be construed to prevent a State or local governmental entity from establishing, enforcing, or maintaining a law with respect to sales of tobacco to individuals below a minimum age, provided that such State or local law is at least as restrictive as the Federal law.


Type I planetary nebulae (PNe) have high He/H and N/O ratios and are thought to be descendants of stars with initial masses of ~3-8Msun. These characteristics indicate that the progenitor stars experienced proton-capture nucleosynthesis at the base of the convective envelope, in addition to the slow neutron capture process operating in the He-shell (the s-process). We compare the predicted abundances of elements up to Sr from models of intermediate-mass asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars to measured abundances in Type I PNe. In particular, we compare predictions and observations for the light trans-iron elements Se and Kr, in order to constrain convective mixing and the s-process in these stars. A partial mixing zone is included in selected models to explore the effect of a 13C pocket on the s-process yields. The solar-metallicity models produce enrichments of [(Se, Kr)/Fe] < 0.6, consistent with Galactic Type I PNe where the observed enhancements are typically < 0.3 dex, while lower metallicity models predict larger enrichments of C, N, Se, and Kr. O destruction occurs in the most massive models but it is not efficient enough to account for the > 0.3 dex O depletions observed in some Type I PNe. It is not possible to reach firm conclusions regarding the neutron source operating in massive AGB stars from Se and Kr abundances in Type I PNe; abundances for more s-process elements may help to distinguish between the two neutron sources. We predict that only the most massive models would evolve into Type I PNe, indicating that extra-mixing processes are active in lower-mass stars (3-4Msun), if these stars are to evolve into Type I PNe.


corporation shall keep, at its principal office, a record of the names of all members having the right to vote in any proceeding of the corporation. (c) Right To Inspect Books and Records.--All books and records of the corporation may be inspected by any member having the right to vote, or by any agent or attorney of such member, for any proper purpose, at any reasonable time. (d) Application of State Law.--No provision of this section may be construed to contravene any applicable State law. SEC. 7. AUDIT OF FINANCIAL TRANSACTIONS. The first section of the Act entitled ``An Act to provide for audit of accounts of private corporations established under the Federal law'', approved August 30, 1964 (36 U.S.C. 1101), is amended by adding at the end the following: ``Ukrainian American Veterans, Incorporated.''. SEC. 8. ANNUAL REPORT. The corporation shall annually submit to the Congress a report concerning the activities of the corporation during the preceding fiscal year. The annual report shall be submitted at the same time as is the report of the audit required by section 7. The report shall not be printed as a public document. SEC. 9. RESERVATION OF RIGHT TO AMEND OR REPEAL CHAPTER. The right to amend or repeal this Act is expressly reserved to the Congress. SEC. 10. DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this Act-- (1) the term ``corporation'' means the Ukrainian American Veterans, Incorporated; and (2) the term ``State'' means any of the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Trust Territories of the Pacific Islands, or any other territory or possessions of the United States. SEC. 11. TAX-EXEMPT STATUS. The corporation shall maintain its status as an organization exempt from taxation as provided in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. SEC. 12. TERMINATION. The charter granted in this Act shall expire if the corporation fails to comply with any provisions of this Act.


Acoustic peaks in the spectrum of the cosmic microwave background in spherically symmetric inhomogeneous cosmological models are studied. At the photon-baryon decoupling epoch, the universe may be assumed to be dominated by non-relativistic matter, and thus we may treat radiation as a test field in the universe filled with dust which is described by the Lema\^itre-Tolman-Bondi (LTB) solution. First, we give an LTB model whose distance-redshift relation agrees with that of the concordance $\Lambda$CDM model in the whole redshift domain and which is well approximated by the Einstein-de Sitter universe at and before decoupling. We determine the decoupling epoch in this LTB universe by Gamow's criterion and then calculate the positions of acoustic peaks. Thus obtained results are not consistent with the WMAP data. However, we find that one can fit the peak positions by appropriately modifying the LTB model, namely, by allowing the deviation of the distance-redshift relation from that of the concordance $\Lambda$CDM model at $z>2$ where no observational data are available at present. Thus there is still a possibility of explaining the apparent accelerated expansion of the universe by inhomogeneity without resorting to dark energy if we abandon the Copernican principle. Even if we do not take this extreme attitude, it also suggests that local, isotropic inhomogeneities around us may seriously affect the determination of the density contents of the universe unless the possible existence of such inhomogeneities is properly taken into account.


in any case in which such point of order is sustained against a conference report (or Senate amendment derived from such conference report by operation of this subsection), no further amendment shall be in order. (c) Waiver; Appeal.--A point of order under subsection (a) may be waived only by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members of the Senate, duly chosen and sworn. An affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Members of the Senate, duly chosen and sworn, shall be required to sustain an appeal of the ruling of the Chair on a point of order raised under subsection (a). (d) Definitions.-- (1) Earmark.--For the purpose of this section, the term ``earmark'' means a provision or report language included primarily at the request of a Senator or Member of the House of Representatives as certified under paragraph 1(a)(1) of rule XLIV of the Standing Rules of the Senate-- (A) providing, authorizing, or recommending a specific amount of discretionary budget authority, credit authority, or other spending authority for a contract, loan, loan guarantee, grant, loan authority, or other expenditure with or to an entity, or targeted to a specific State, locality or Congressional district, other than through a statutory or administrative formula-driven or competitive award process; (B) that-- (i) provides a Federal tax deduction, credit, exclusion, or preference to a particular beneficiary or limited group of beneficiaries under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; and (ii) contains eligibility criteria that are not uniform in application with respect to potential beneficiaries of such provision; or (C) modifying the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States in a manner that benefits ten or fewer entities. (2) Determination by the senate.--In the event the Chair is unable to ascertain whether a provision with respect to which a Senator raises a point of order under subsection (a) constitutes an earmark, the question of whether the provision constitutes an earmark shall be submitted to the Senate and be decided without debate by an affirmative vote of two-thirds of the Senators, duly chosen and sworn. (e) Application.--This section shall not apply to any authorization of appropriations to a Federal entity if such authorization is not specifically targeted to a State, locality, or congressional district.


If the individual is survived by a spouse who is living at the time of payment, the payment shall be made to such surviving spouse. (ii) If the individual is not survived by a spouse described in clause (i), the payment shall be made in equal shares to all children of the individual who are living at the time of the payment. (iii) If the individual is not survived by a person described in clause (i) or (ii), the payment shall be made in equal shares to the parents of the individual who are living at the time of payment. (iv) If the individual is not survived by a person described in clause (i), (ii), or (iii), the payment shall revert back to the Fund. (B) Filing of petition by survivor.--If an individual eligible for payment under section 102(a) dies before filing a petition under this title, a survivor of the individual may file a petition for payment under this title on behalf of the individual if the survivor may receive payment under subparagraph (A). (C) Definitions.--For purposes of this paragraph: (i) The term ``spouse'' means an individual who was lawfully married to the relevant individual at the time of death. (ii) The term ``child'' includes a recognized natural child, a stepchild who lived with the relevant individual in a regular parent-child relationship, and an adopted child. (iii) The term ``parent'' includes fathers and mothers through adoption. (3) Timing of payment.--The Secretary may not make a payment on a petition under this title before the expiration of the 120-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act or after the expiration of the 5-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act. (d) Action on Petitions.-- (1) In general.--The Secretary shall complete the determination required by subsection (b) regarding a petition not later than 120 days after the date the petition is filed under this title. (2) Petitions by certain individuals.--In the case of a petition filed by an individual described in section 102(a)(2)(A)(ii), the Secretary may not make a payment on such petition prior to the expiration of the period described in subsection (c)(1)(B). (e) Humanitarian Nature of Payment.--This Act does not create or admit any claim of or on behalf of the individual against the United States or against any officer, employee, or agent


(Abridged) A procedure is suggested to explore the value of F = alpha^2/mu, where mu = m_e/m_p is the electron-to-proton mass ratio, and alpha is the fine-structure constant. The fundamental physical constants, which are measured in different physical environments of high (terrestrial) and low (interstellar) densities of baryonic matter are supposed to vary in chameleon-like scalar field models, which predict that both masses and coupling constant may depend on the local matter density. The parameter Delta F/F = (F_obs - F_lab)/F_lab can be estimated from the radial velocity offset, Delta V = V_rot-V_fs, between the low-laying rotational transitions in carbon monoxide 13CO and the fine-structure transitions in atomic carbon [CI]. A model-dependent constraint on Delta alpha/alpha can be obtained from Delta F/F using Delta mu/mu independently measured from the ammonia method. Currently available radio astronomical datasets provide an upper limit on |Delta V| < 110 m/s (1sigma). When interpreted in terms of the spatial variation of F, this gives |Delta F/F| < 3.7*10^-{7}. An order of magnitude improvement of this limit will allow us to test independently a non-zero value of Delta mu/mu = (2.2 +/- 0.4_stat +/- 0.3_sys)*10^{-8} recently found with the ammonia method. Taking into account that the ammonia method restricts the spatial variation of mu at the level of |Delta mu/mu| <= 3*10^{-8} and assuming that Delta F/F is the same in the entire interstellar medium, one obtains that the spatial variation of alpha does not exceed the value |Delta alpha/alpha| < 2*10^{-7}. Since extragalactic gas clouds have densities similar to those in the interstellar medium, the bound on Delta alpha/alpha is also expected to be less than 2*10^{-7} at high redshift if no significant temporal dependence of alpha is present.


In the very last years, cosmological models where the properties of the dark components of the Universe - dark matter and dark energy - are accounted for by a single "dark fluid" have drawn increasing attention and interest. Amongst many proposals, Unified Dark Matter (UDM) cosmologies are promising candidates as effective theories. In these models, a scalar field with a non-canonical kinetic term in its Lagrangian mimics both the accelerated expansion of the Universe at late times and the clustering properties of the large-scale structure of the cosmos. However, UDM models also present peculiar behaviours, the most interesting one being the fact that the perturbations in the dark-matter component of the scalar field do have a non-negligible speed of sound. This gives rise to an effective Jeans scale for the Newtonian potential, below which the dark fluid does not cluster any more. This implies a growth of structures fairly different from that of the concordance LCDM model. In this paper, we demonstrate that forthcoming large-scale surveys will be able to discriminate between viable UDM models and LCDM to a good degree of accuracy. To this purpose, the planned Euclid satellite will be a powerful tool, since it will provide very accurate data on galaxy clustering and the weak lensing effect of cosmic shear. Finally, we also exploit the constraining power of the ongoing CMB Planck experiment. Although our approach is the most conservative, with the inclusion of only well-understood, linear dynamics, in the end we also show what could be done if some amount of non-linear information were included.


if the individual is convicted of the offense and is the parent, guardian, or custodian of the child passenger or is otherwise legally responsible for the child passenger, the law enforcement agency that charges the individual with the offense or the appropriate court to file with the appropriate State register of child abuse a report on the individual concerning the offense. ``(2) Exceptions.--The Secretary may treat a State that has enacted and is enforcing the laws described in paragraph (1) as meeting the requirements of this subsection without regard to whether any of those laws waives the application of a sanction with respect to an individual who-- ``(A) is a sibling of the child passenger; or ``(B) is under 21 years of age and is not a guardian of the child passenger. ``(c) Period of Availability of Withheld Funds; Effect of Compliance and Noncompliance.-- ``(1) Period of availability of withheld funds.--Any funds withheld under subsection (a) from apportionment to a State shall remain available for apportionment to the State until the end of the third fiscal year following the fiscal year for which the funds are authorized to be appropriated. ``(2) Apportionment of withheld funds after compliance.-- If, before the last day of the period for which funds withheld under subsection (a) from apportionment are to remain available for apportionment to a State under paragraph (1), the State meets the requirements of subsection (b), the Secretary shall, on the first day on which the State meets the requirements of subsection (b), apportion to the State the funds withheld under subsection (a) that remain available for apportionment to the State. ``(3) Period of availability of subsequently apportioned funds.--Any funds apportioned pursuant to paragraph (2)-- ``(A) shall remain available for expenditure until the end of the third fiscal year following the fiscal year in which the funds are so apportioned; and ``(B) if not apportioned at the end of that period, shall lapse. ``(4) Effect of noncompliance.--If, at the end of the period for which funds withheld under subsection (a) from apportionment are available for apportionment to a State under paragraph (1), the State does not meet the requirements of subsection (b), the funds shall lapse. ``(d) Definitions.--In this section, the following definitions apply: ``(1) Alcohol concentration.--The term `alcohol concentration' means grams of alcohol per 100


If David Moyes thought managing Manchester United was the biggest challenge of his career, he will soon reappraise that evaluation. This is his greatest test and, should he pass it, it will surely be his finest hour. The Scot is going to have to be a master coach, inspired motivator and transfer magician. The Scot is going to have to be a master coach, inspired motivator and transfer magician all rolled into one if he is to keep Sunderland in the Premier League. Saturday’s woeful 4-1 defeat at Burnley left the Black Cats deep in the drop zone. Injuries continue to plague the side, Lamine Kone was lost midway through the first half and, after that, the defence was lost. The departure of Victor Anichebe, also with a hamstring injury, not only robbed the team of their powerhouse forward, it drained that vital commodity from the side, confidence. Not that Big Vic’s absence cold in any way be linked to some Sunday League stuff. Sunderland’s soft centre was exposed three times by Andre Gray on 31, 51 and 53 minutes. The opener was a dreadful goal to concede, John O’Shea and Papy Djilobodji challenging each other more effectively than they did Ashley Barnes. O’Shea only succeeded in helping on Scott Arfield’s up-and-under into the path of the unmarked Gray, who strode forward and beat Vito Mannone from 18 yards, the keeper failing to keep out a shot which was pretty much straight at him. Sunderland could not deal with a hopeful ball forward for the second goal either. Gray shook off a weak attempt from Djilobodji before rounding an equally lame attempt from Mannone, who had rushed to the edge of the box to tap into the empty net. His third goal also had a comedy element. Steven Pienaar stood on he ball as he led an away counter-attack, alowing Burnley to hit their frontmen again, Barnes chesting the ball superbly before playing in Gray, who finished from seven yards. The Clarets were not finished and when Seb Larsson, ludicrously, pushed over Arfield in the box in the 67th minute, Barnes beat Mannone from the spot. Fortunately, the scoreline got no worse and Sunderland were able to pull one back in the 71st minute. Adnan Januzaj took part in a football version of the 110 metres hurdles, skipping over


i) In general.--All persons treated as a controlled group shall be treated as 1 person. (ii) Controlled group.--The term ``controlled group'' has the meaning given to such term by subsection (a) of section 1563 of such Code; except that for such purposes the phrase ``more than 50 percent'' shall be substituted for the phrase ``at least 80 percent'' each place it appears in such subsection. (B) Nonincorporated persons under common control.-- Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, principles similar to the principles of subparagraph (A) shall apply to a group of persons under common control where 1 or more of such persons is not a corporation. (g) Other Law Applicable.--All provisions of law, including penalties, applicable with respect to the taxes imposed by section 4041(a)(2) of such Code in the case of special fuels; by section 4081 of such Code in the case of gasoline, diesel fuel, and kerosene; and by section 4091 of such Code in the case of aviation fuel shall, insofar as applicable and not inconsistent with the provisions of this subsection, apply with respect to the floor stock taxes imposed by subsection (a) to the same extent as if such taxes were imposed by such section 4041, 4081, or 4091. SEC. 5. PROTECTION OF HIGHWAY TRUST FUND. The amounts transferred to the Highway Trust Fund under section 9503 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall be determined as if this Act had not been acted.


We present a new cluster catalog extracted from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 6 (SDSS DR6) using an adaptive matched filter (AMF) cluster finder. We identify 69,173 galaxy clusters in the redshift range 0.045 $\le z <$ 0.78 in 8420 sq. deg. of the sky. We provide angular position, redshift, richness, core and virial radii estimates for these clusters, as well as an error analysis for each of these quantities. We also provide a catalog of more than 205,000 galaxies representing the three brightest galaxies in the $r$ band which are possible BCG candidates. We show basic properties of the BCG candidates and study how their luminosity scales in redshift and cluster richness. We compare our catalog with the maxBCG and GMBCG catalogs, as well as with that of Wen, Han, and Liu. We match between 30% and 50% of clusters between catalogs over all overlapping redshift ranges. We find that the percentage of matches increases with the richness for all catalogs. We cross match the AMF catalog with available X-ray data in the same area of the sky and find 539 matches, 119 of which with temperature measurements. We present scaling relations between optical and X-ray properties and cluster center comparison. We find that both $\Lambda_{200}$ and $R_{200}$ correlate well with both $L_X$ and $T_X$, with no significant difference in trend if we restrict the matches to flux-limited X-ray samples.


If you like a last-minute twist in a courtroom thriller, you will have left the Memorial Hall in Hathersage with a great big smile on your face after Witness for the Prosecution. The Hathersage Players’ production of Agatha Christie’s classic ran to appreciative audiences over four nights. The cast were beautifully led by Emily Upton in the titular role. Miss Upton’s smouldering portrayal of Romaine Vole (pictured) conjured up wonderful memories of Marlene Dietrich in the famous 1957 film of the same name as she coolly foiled all those around her who sought the truth. The combative Sir. Wilfrid Robarts Q.C., played by the ever-talented Denis Murphy was chiefly foiled. Mr Murphy drove the production with charm and flair, especially so bearing in mind the enormity of the script that he had committed to memory. Thereafter, the cast played in strong support, notably Rob Hall as the caddish Leonard Vole (as well as directing), Richard Morello as the steady John Mayhew, Joe Hardy as the “irritating” Mr. Myers Q.C. and Val Robinson as the truculent Janet MacKenzie. Humour was injected by some lovely moments from Alistair Cook as Carter/Mr Justice Wainwright and Gail Newsome as Greta. The scene in 1954 was set nicely using contemporary fashions, music and news items. The swift interplay between the intimate set for the Chambers of Sir. Wilfrid Robarts Q.C. and the impressively grand set for the courtroom at The Old Bailey was something of a triumph with clever lighting changes completing the task. The challenges faced when presenting a static courtroom drama were successfully overcome using an adapted script with engaging dialogue that tripped along at a good pace from well-developed characters. The gasps from the audience at the twist proved the point. Hot on the heels of last year’s sell-out sensations of Jane Eyre and Oliver!, this production marked something of an adventurous change by the ambitious Hathersage Players. However, this was a true victory and will hopefully be swiftly followed by another. STOP PRESS: Hold onto your hats! Their next production is Jessica Swale’s rip-roaring play, Nell Gwynne, a script fresh from winning the best new comedy in the West End, from Wednesday, October 11 to Saturday, October 14, 2017


Of the approximately 350 extrasolar planets currently known, of order 10% orbit evolved stars with radii R >~ 2.5 R_sun. These planets are of particular interest because they tend to orbit more massive hosts, and have been subjected to variable stellar insolation over their recent histories as their primaries evolved off the main sequence. Unfortunately, we have limited information about the physical properties of these planets, as they were all detected by the radial velocity method and none have been observed to transit. Here we evaluate the prospects for detecting transits of planetary companions to giant stars. We show that several of the known systems have a priori transit probabilities of >~ 10%, and about one transiting system is expected for the sample of host stars with R >= 2.5 R_sun. Although the transits are expected to have very small amplitudes (~few x 10^-4) and long durations (>~ 50 hrs), we argue that the difficulty with detecting these signals in broadband light is one of systematic errors and practicality rather than photon noise, even for modest aperture ~1m telescopes. We propose a novel method that may overcome these difficulties, which uses narrow-band measurements to isolate the thin ring of chromospheric emission expected at the limb of giant stars. The transit signals in these narrow bands are expected to be larger in magnitude and briefer in duration than in broad-band emission, and thus alleviating many of the difficulties with transit detection in broad-band emission. Finally, we point out that it may be possible to discover planetary companions to giant stars using Kepler, provided that a sufficient number of such targets are monitored.


or to valuations, costs or accounting, or practices relating to such rates, wages, structures, prices, appliances, services, or allowances. (5) Significant.--The term ``significant'' means increasing consumers' cost of housing by more than $100,000,000 per year. (k) Development.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall develop model initial and final housing impact analyses under this section and shall cause such model analyses to be published in the Federal Register. The model analyses shall define the primary elements of a housing impact analysis to instruct other agencies on how to carry out and develop the analyses required under subsections (d) and (e). (l) Judicial Review.-- (1) Determination by agency.--Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (2), any determination by an agency concerning the applicability of any of the provisions of this Act to any action of the agency shall not be subject to judicial review. (2) Other actions by agency.--Any housing impact analysis prepared under subsection (d) or (e) and the compliance or noncompliance of the agency with the provisions of this Act shall not be subject to judicial review. When an action for judicial review of a rule is instituted, any housing impact analysis for such rule shall constitute part of the whole record of agency action in connection with the review. (3) Exception.--Nothing in this subsection bars judicial review of any other impact statement or similar analysis required by any other law if judicial review of such statement or analysis is otherwise provided by law.


A path in an edge-colored graph $G$, where adjacent edges may be colored the same, is called a rainbow path if no two edges of $G$ are colored the same. For a $\kappa$-connected graph $G$ and an integer $k$ with $1\leq k\leq \kappa$, the rainbow $k$-connectivity $rc_k(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the minimum integer $j$ for which there exists a $j$-edge-coloring of $G$ such that every two distinct vertices of $G$ are connected by $k$ internally disjoint rainbow paths. Let $G$ be a complete $(\ell+1)$-partite graph with $\ell$ parts of size $r$ and one part of size $p$ where $0\leq p <r$ (in the case $p=0$, $G$ is a complete $\ell$-partite graph with each part of size $r$). This paper is to investigate the rainbow $k$-connectivity of $G$. We show that for every pair of integers $k\geq 2$ and $r\geq 1$, there is an integer $f(k,r)$ such that if $\ell\geq f(k,r)$, then $rc_k(G)=2$. As a consequence, we improve the upper bound of $f(k)$ from $(k+1)^2$ to $ck^{{3/2}}+C$, where $0<c<1$, $C=o(k^{{3/2}})$, and $f(k)$ is the integer such that if $n \geq f(k)$ then $rc_k(K_n)=2$.


We present an analysis of the X-ray variability of three symbiotic X-ray binaries, GX 1+4, 4U 1700+24, and 4U 1954+31, using observations made with the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) All-Sky Monitor (ASM). Observations of 4U 1954+31 with the Swift BAT show modulation at a period near 5 hours. Models to explain this modulation are discussed including the presence of an exceptionally slow X-ray pulsar in the system and accretion instabilities. We conclude that the most likely interpretation is that 4U 1954+31 contains one of the slowest known X-ray pulsars. Unlike 4U 1954+31, neither GX 1+4 nor 4U 1700+24 show any evidence for modulation on a timescale of hours. An analysis of the RXTE ASM light curves of GX 1+4, 4U 1700+24, and 4U 1954+31 does not show the presence of periodic modulation in any source, although there is considerable variability on long timescales for all three sources. There is no modulation in GX 1+4 on either the optical 1161 day orbital period or a previously reported 304 day X-ray period. For 4U 1700+24 we do not confirm the 404 day X-ray period previously proposed for this source from a shorter duration ASM light curve. We conclude that all three sources have substantial low-frequency noise in their power spectra that may give the appearance of periodic modulation if this noise is not properly accounted for, particularly if short duration light curves are examined.