Update readme, remove release field info
Browse files
README.md
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## Dataset Summary
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The Chords from the Lakh MIDI Dataset (LMD) is a collection of
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extracted using the Python library [chord-extractor](https://github.com/ohollo/chord-extractor), which has the ability to take MIDI, MP3, WAV and other
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sound files in bulk, and extract chords using the [Chordino](https://code.soundsoftware.ac.uk/projects/nnls-chroma/) method.
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### Data Instances
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A typical data point comprises the
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actual MIDI files themselves, along with some information about the original piece of music that the MIDI is based on.
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MIDI files comprising the LMD.
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An example from the dataset looks as follows:
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```
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@@ -59,11 +58,10 @@ An example from the dataset looks as follows:
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'artist': 'Billy Joel',
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'track_id': 'TRNCSKU128F4265639',
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'year': 1977,
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'release': 'The Stranger',
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'song_id': 'SOIJWHG12A8C134063',
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'chords': {
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'symbol': ['N', Dm', 'Bb', 'C','Eaug', 'Am', 'Dm', 'Gm7', 'C', 'Eaug', 'Am', ...],
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'timestamp': [0.4643990993499756, 1.8575963973999023, 3.7151927947998047, 4.551111221313477, ...]
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}
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}
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```
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- `artist`: Artist/performer of the song.
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- `track_id`: The track ID as used by Echo Nest, a source of data for the Million Song Dataset. This is also important as
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it is used in LMD's "LMD-matched" dataset as the directory names containing the MIDIs corresponding to a particular song from the MSD.
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Therefore
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- `year`: Year that the song was first released (see considerations)
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is denoted 0.
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- `release`: Album or song collection provided by MSD which contains song. Note, this is often not
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the album that the song was originally released from (it may be the album that contains the particular
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version transcribed in the MIDI - see considerations).
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- `song_id`: "Song ID" as provided by the Million Song Dataset.
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- `chords`: Two lists of same length describing chord progressions in song
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- `symbol`: List of chord symbols in the order as they appear in the song.
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The list is bookended with two dummy 'N' symbols to assist with when the track starts and ends.
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- `timestamp`: Timestamps (in seconds) at which the chords appear in the song. The index of the timestamp,
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corresponds to the chord symbol in the same index
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### Data Splits
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The data currently
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## Dataset Creation
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### Curation Rationale
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The LMD Chords are created to provide a chord sequence dataset of reasonable size such that potentially good insights
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can be made into harmonic progression
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to extract chords from was sought, one that could be of sufficient size, and which give a decent representation of
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different genres, years, artists etc. The songs in the LMD (those matched with MSD) satisfy these requirements to a
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large extent.
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With the lack of
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MIDIs are seen as a viable alternative, as they should relay the notes played in the song, despite not being timbrally
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Furthermore, the IDs of the Million Song Dataset provided
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analysis held in the full version of the MSD. These not only include an expanded version of the metadata provided here,
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but features such as tempo, key, loudness and much more
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### Source Data
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the associated MSD record. This JSON file contains a map between MSD/Echo Nest track IDs and the associated MIDI filenames
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in LMD and their score.
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- The Summary File of the whole Million Song Dataset, available on [this page](http://millionsongdataset.com/pages/getting-dataset/).
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Note this is a 300MB HDF5 with just the metadata. The whole MSD (which is 280GB) is not needed.
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The LMD Chords dataset only uses one MIDI per song. The Match Scores file was used to see the
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best matching
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The
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to map a MIDI file to the MSD and source its metadata.
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#### Chord Extraction Process
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## Considerations for Using the Data
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###
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The chords listed here are interpretations made by the Chordino method, an algorithm applied to sound files, and as such
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will likely deviate from official transcriptions and scores. The chord symbols effectively provide root notes, differentiations
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between major and minor chords, major and dominant 7ths, as well as providing slash chords, and some others, the chords
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types available are not exhaustive. It is not able for example to identify complex jazz chords such as Fmaj7#11.
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frequency at which new chords are detected, may err on the sensitive side based on the settings used in extraction.
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It should also be noted that the MIDIs were converted to WAV sound files prior to extraction (as this was the format
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needed by chord-extractor). In that way some information may be lost, compared to
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reading the note information available in the MIDI file.
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Nevertheless, the extractions are of sufficient quality to give a good semblance of the "ground truth", particularly for
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harmonically non-complex songs
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of the chords). In that way, the dataset should hold some value for analysis and predictive models.
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### Accuracy of the Metadata
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It should be noted that though the Million Song Dataset has sourced its metadata from
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is not immune from the occasional typo, though this is observed to be very rare
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The user should familiarise themselves with how MSD has populated a field, if heavily relying on its data.
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The year field as relayed in this dataset is a good example of this. It is only present for approximately half of the data points,
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and though it is assumed to show the original year of the song's release, it should be verified that this is always the case.
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### Citation Information
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If using this dataset, please cite it
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```
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@
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-
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-
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-
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}
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```
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-
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Furthermore, this dataset is derived from the [Lakh MIDI Dataset](https://colinraffel.com/projects/lmd/) so please cite the below:
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## Dataset Summary
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The Chords from the Lakh MIDI Dataset (LMD) is a collection of 31032 chord sequences extracted from selected MIDI files of the [Lakh MIDI Dataset](https://colinraffel.com/projects/lmd/)
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extracted using the Python library [chord-extractor](https://github.com/ohollo/chord-extractor), which has the ability to take MIDI, MP3, WAV and other
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sound files in bulk, and extract chords using the [Chordino](https://code.soundsoftware.ac.uk/projects/nnls-chroma/) method.
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### Data Instances
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A typical data point comprises the chord sequences (with when they occur in the song), IDs so that one can source the metadata or
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actual MIDI files themselves, along with some information about the original piece of music that the MIDI is based on.
|
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|
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An example from the dataset looks as follows:
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```
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'artist': 'Billy Joel',
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'track_id': 'TRNCSKU128F4265639',
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'year': 1977,
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'song_id': 'SOIJWHG12A8C134063',
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'chords': {
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'symbol': ['N', Dm', 'Bb', 'C','Eaug', 'Am', 'Dm', 'Gm7', 'C', 'Eaug', 'Am', ...],
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'timestamp': [0.371519274, 0.4643990993499756, 1.8575963973999023, 3.7151927947998047, 4.551111221313477, ...]
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}
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}
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```
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- `artist`: Artist/performer of the song.
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- `track_id`: The track ID as used by Echo Nest, a source of data for the Million Song Dataset. This is also important as
|
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it is used in LMD's "LMD-matched" dataset as the directory names containing the MIDIs corresponding to a particular song from the MSD.
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Therefore use this to navigate those files.
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- `year`: Year that the song was first released (see considerations) if provided. If not provided by MSD, this
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is denoted 0. Of 31032 total records, 16832 have years.
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- `song_id`: "Song ID" as provided by the Million Song Dataset.
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- `chords`: Two lists of same length describing chord progressions in song
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- `symbol`: List of chord symbols in the order as they appear in the song.
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The list is bookended by Chordino with two dummy 'N' symbols to assist with when the track starts and ends.
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- `timestamp`: Timestamps (in seconds) at which the chords appear in the song. The index of the timestamp,
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corresponds to the chord symbol in the same index as "symbol".
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### Data Splits
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The data currently has one split - "train".
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## Dataset Creation
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### Curation Rationale
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The LMD Chords are created to provide a chord sequence dataset of reasonable size such that potentially good insights
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+
can be made into harmonic progression. Enhanced analysis is also possible with the timestamps of these chords provided.
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The selection of files matched with MSD should give a decent representation of different genres, years, artists etc.
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With the lack of accessible large publicly available datasets with the actual original songs, for example in MP3 format,
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MIDIs are seen as a viable alternative, as they should relay the notes played in the song, despite not being timbrally
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+
the same as the original.
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+
Furthermore, the IDs of the Million Song Dataset provided give the user the opportunity to map the chords to the wealth of audio
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analysis held in the full version of the MSD. These not only include an expanded version of the metadata provided here,
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+
but features such as tempo, key, loudness and much more.
|
| 105 |
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### Source Data
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the associated MSD record. This JSON file contains a map between MSD/Echo Nest track IDs and the associated MIDI filenames
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in LMD and their score.
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- The Summary File of the whole Million Song Dataset, available on [this page](http://millionsongdataset.com/pages/getting-dataset/).
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+
Note this is a 300MB HDF5 with just the metadata. The whole MSD (which is 280GB) is not needed to create this dataset.
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The LMD Chords dataset only uses one MIDI per song. The Match Scores file was used to see the
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+
best matching MIDI to a particular song from MSD, and that file was then included here.
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The name of a directory holding a particular MIDI is the same as the track ID for that song used by MSD, and therefore was used
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to map a MIDI file to the MSD and source its metadata.
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#### Chord Extraction Process
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## Considerations for Using the Data
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+
### Limitations of the Chord Extractions
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The chords listed here are interpretations made by the Chordino method, an algorithm applied to sound files, and as such
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will likely deviate from official transcriptions and scores. The chord symbols effectively provide root notes, differentiations
|
| 148 |
between major and minor chords, major and dominant 7ths, as well as providing slash chords, and some others, the chords
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| 149 |
+
types available are not exhaustive. It is not able for example to identify complex jazz chords such as Fmaj7#11.
|
|
|
|
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It should also be noted that the MIDIs were converted to WAV sound files prior to extraction (as this was the format
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+
needed by chord-extractor). In that way some information may be lost, compared to directly gleaning chords from
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reading the note information available in the MIDI file.
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Nevertheless, the extractions are of sufficient quality to give a good semblance of the "ground truth", particularly for
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+
harmonically non-complex songs, which form the majority. The user is encouraged to compare some of the extractions here to their expectations.
|
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### Accuracy of the Metadata
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+
It should be noted that though the Million Song Dataset has sourced its metadata from The Echo Nest, it
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+
is not immune from the occasional typo, though this is observed to be very rare with regard to song name and artist.
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+
Other metadata in MSD can be open to interpretation (e.g. genre).
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The user should familiarise themselves with how MSD has populated a field, if heavily relying on its data.
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The year field as relayed in this dataset is a good example of this. It is only present for approximately half of the data points,
|
| 166 |
and though it is assumed to show the original year of the song's release, it should be verified that this is always the case.
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### Citation Information
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If using this dataset, please cite it by getting the latest Bibtex from the "Cite this dataset" button on this page.
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It should resemble the following:
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```
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@misc {oliver_holloway_2025,
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author = { {Oliver Holloway} },
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title = { lmd_chords (Revision 4d6815c) },
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year = 2025,
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url = { https://huggingface.co/datasets/ohollo/lmd_chords },
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doi = { 10.57967/hf/4219 },
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publisher = { Hugging Face }
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}
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```
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It would be great to mention the [chord-extractor Python library](https://github.com/ohollo/chord-extractor) as well.
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Furthermore, this dataset is derived from the [Lakh MIDI Dataset](https://colinraffel.com/projects/lmd/) so please cite the below:
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expt.json
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{"id":1,"sequence":[{"chord":"S","time":2.0},{"chord":"S","time":2.0}]}
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{"id":2,"sequence":[{"chord":"S","time":2.0},{"chord":"S","time":2.0},{"chord":"S","time":2.0}]}
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{"id":3,"sequence":[{"chord":"S","time":2.0},{"chord":"S","time":2.0},{"chord":"S","time":2.0}]}
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